item: #1 of 5187
          id: cord-000333-4prvgmvt
      author: Darbyshire, Philip
       title: Nursing heroism in the 21(st )Century'
        date: 2011-02-16
       words: 5168
      flesch: 59
     summary: Such nurses are described as loyal, beautiful, peaceful, healing, comforting, reliable, devoted, and courageous in the face of hardship. Is heroism a legitimate part of nursing, or are nurses simply 'just doing their job' even when facing extreme personal danger?
    keywords: aids; business; care; health; heroism; hospital; nurses; nursing; patients; research; sars; world
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        item: #2 of 5187
          id: cord-004204-cpub9oah
      author: D’Cunha, Colin
       title: SARS: Lessons Learned from a Provincial Perspective
        date: 2004-01-01
       words: 1539
      flesch: 51
     summary: Strong relationships between public health and our clinical colleagues promote early identification and reporting of public health threats. Lessons Learned from a Provincial Perspective date: 2004-01-01 journal: Canadian Journal of Public Health DOI: 10.1007/bf03403629 sha: doc_id: 4204 cord_uid: cpub9oah nan T o say that SARS was a unique threat, and one that challenged public health and the entire health system in Ontario could be viewed as somewhat of an understatement.
    keywords: funding; health; public; sars; system
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        item: #3 of 5187
          id: cord-004634-pkrxiipo
      author: Brun-Buisson, Christian
       title: SARS: The challenge of emerging pathogens to the intensivist
        date: 2003-05-08
       words: 1208
      flesch: 46
     summary: As of the end of April 2003, about 5,000 suspected or probable cases have been reported to the WHO from 27 countries [2] , with a vast majority from inland China (57% of reported cases), which appears to be at the origin of the epidemic, and Hong Kong (32%). In other countries from the Asian continent, which appear to have been secondarily affected, reported cases have been few so far, e.g., Singapore (4% of reported cases), Vietnam (1%) and Taiwan (<1%).
    keywords: cases; epidemic; sars
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        item: #4 of 5187
          id: cord-006890-81wv1s33
      author: Viret, Jean-Francois
       title: Development of a SARS vaccine: an industrial perspective on the global race against a global disease
        date: 2014-01-09
       words: 2069
      flesch: 31
     summary: Thus, the main issues to be critically addressed are dealing with vaccine safety and may be summarized in two questions: how to achieve an acceptable balance between requested speed and safety aspects? However, even if such vaccines prove to be immunogenic they may not be protective, or may even lead to ADE-mediated pathology.
    keywords: development; disease; safety; sars; vaccine
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        item: #5 of 5187
          id: cord-007049-02p8ug67
      author: McGeer, Allison
       title: Let Him Who Desires Peace Prepare for War: United States Hospitals and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Preparedness
        date: 2004-07-15
       words: 1613
      flesch: 41
     summary: A careful assessment of exposures in SARS outbreaks, particularly those due to superspreading events and transmission despite compliance with isolation precautions, is needed to determine whether airborne spread occurs [10, [13] [2] suggest, these isolation precautions may have benefits that extend to situations beyond SARS outbreaks, it is also true that isolation may have risks, as recently demonstrated by Redelmeier et al.
    keywords: health; hospitals; patients; respiratory; sars
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        item: #6 of 5187
          id: cord-007560-nck4f5ny
      author: Ling, Lowell
       title: COVID-19: A critical care perspective informed by lessons learnt from other viral epidemics
        date: 2020-02-20
       words: 2810
      flesch: 34
     summary: First case of 2019 novel Coronavirus in the United States Angiotensinconverting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin The digestive system is a potential route of 2019-nCov infection: a bioinformatics analysis based on single-cell transcriptomes Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel Coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China Osteonecrosis of hip and knee in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome treated with steroids Factors associated with transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome among health-care workers in Singapore Which preventive measures might protect health care workers from SARS? Detection of airborne severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus and environmental contamination in SARS outbreak units Aerosol generating procedures and risk of transmission of acute respiratory infections to healthcare workers: a systematic review Clinical management and infection control of SARS: lessons learned Ventilation of wards and nosocomial outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome among healthcare workers Investigation of a nosocomial outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Toronto, Canada Transmission of SARS to healthcare workers. The experience of a Hong Kong ICU Effect of high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy in adults with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome during intubation and mechanical ventilation High-flow nasal therapy in adults with severe acute respiratory infection: a cohort study in patients with 2009 influenza A/H1N1v Factors associated with nosocomial SARS-CoV transmission among healthcare workers in Hanoi Can breathing circuit filters help prevent the spread of influenza A (H1N1) virus from intubated patients? Influence of residency training on multiple attempts at endotracheal intubation Mechanical ventilation in an airborne epidemic Videolaryngoscopy versus direct laryngoscopy for adult patients requiring tracheal intubation Possible SARS coronavirus transmission during cardiopulmonary resuscitation Clinical review: SARS -lessons in disaster management Report of the Select Committee to inquire into the handling of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome outbreak by the Government and the Hospital Authority Expanding ICU facilities in an epidemic: recommendations based on experience from the SARS epidemic in Hong Kong and Singapore Augmentation of hospital critical care capacity after bioterrorist attacks or epidemics: recommendations of the Working Group on Emergency Mass Critical Care Critical care triage.
    keywords: care; coronavirus; covid-19; icu; patients; risk; sars; transmission
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        item: #7 of 5187
          id: cord-007567-vst954ef
      author: Farquharson, Carolyn
       title: Responding to the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak: Lessons learned in a Toronto emergency department()
        date: 2003-06-04
       words: 4232
      flesch: 55
     summary: Filtered rebreather masks delivering 80% oxygen have been introduced for SARS patients who require high flow oxygen. All waste material from potential SARS patients is placed in a yellow biohazard bag, tied to seal, and then placed in cardboard boxes labeled medical waste.
    keywords: care; department; emergency; illness; isolation; outbreak; patients; sars; staff
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        item: #8 of 5187
          id: cord-007581-nu1shltl
      author: Wang, Jiun-Ling
       title: Rhabdomyolysis associated with probable SARS
        date: 2003-10-01
       words: 1201
      flesch: 53
     summary: Type II patients had monoclonal component (with the same isotype as anti-C1Inh antibody) when angioedema was diagnosed. Patients also differed in biological assay results (Table) .
    keywords: patients; sars; serum; type
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        item: #9 of 5187
          id: cord-007713-611sp7uo
      author: Hughes, J. M.
       title: Emerging infectious diseases: the public’s view of the problem and what should be expected from the public health community
        date: 2005
       words: 2684
      flesch: 35
     summary: As a result, rapid and collaborative responses to infectious disease outbreaks have become both essential and expected. key: cord-007713-611sp7uo authors: Hughes, J. M. title: Emerging infectious diseases: the public’s view of the problem and what should be expected from the public health community date: 2005 journal: Infectious Diseases from Nature: Mechanisms of Viral Emergence and Persistence DOI: 10.1007/3-211-29981-5_17 sha: doc_id: 7713 cord_uid: 611sp7uo nan The public's view of major threats to health, as with other contemporary issues, is largely influenced by the media.
    keywords: diseases; health; outbreak; public; response; sars; threats
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        item: #10 of 5187
          id: cord-008841-r17qhfsj
      author: Tomlinson, Brian
       title: SARS: experience at Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong
        date: 2003-05-03
       words: 1756
      flesch: 53
     summary: Patients presenting with other respiratory infections must now all be regarded as potential SARS cases until proven otherwise. COMMENTARY The Prince of Wales Hospital (PWH) has been at the forefront of the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Hong Kong.
    keywords: cases; health; hong; patients; sars
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        item: #11 of 5187
          id: cord-009153-zxx4m1kz
      author: Heymann, David L
       title: Dangerous pathogens in the laboratory: from smallpox to today's SARS setbacks and tomorrow's polio-free world
        date: 2004-05-15
       words: 2792
      flesch: 42
     summary: Proven measures to minimise the risk of reintroducing dangerous pathogens include: limiting the number of sites where they are stored and studied to those that are absolutely necessary; protection of laboratory workers with available vaccines, protective clothing, and safe equipment; closely monitoring illnesses in laboratory workers; and adhering to standard operating procedures. Unlike SARS-CoV, poliovirus is not efficiently transmitted by droplets from person to person, and a vaccine is available that fully protects laboratory workers from disease and reduces the risk of infection, thereby providing additional assurances against substantial consequences should a laboratory accident occur once routine immunisation with oral poliovirus vaccine has stopped.
    keywords: biosafety; cannabis; laboratory; poliovirus; sars; use; vaccine
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        item: #12 of 5187
          id: cord-009295-4c0zwhdh
      author: Bal, A.
       title: Molecular characterization of SARS-CoV-2 in the first COVID-19 cluster in France reveals an amino acid deletion in nsp2 (Asp268del)
        date: 2020-03-28
       words: 1254
      flesch: 49
     summary: A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China First cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the WHO European region Detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real-time RT-PCR Quality control implementation for universal characterization of DNA and RNA viruses in clinical respiratory samples using single metagenomic next-generation sequencing workflow Amino acid analysis for the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak Letter to the Editor / Clinical Microbiology and Infection xxx (xxxx) A mean of 19 445 767 reads per sample were generated, of which a mean of 605 243 reads per sample were mapped to the SARS-CoV-2 reference genome.
    keywords: cov-2; deletion; sample; sars
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        item: #13 of 5187
          id: cord-009573-ghv9uezx
      author: Karlberg, J
       title: Do sensational media reports about severe acute respiratory syndrome affect the mindset of healthcare workers?
        date: 2007-01-02
       words: 1050
      flesch: 63
     summary: There has also been negative coverage about healthcare standards in Hong Kong; Hong Kong hospitals are dirty, lack soap and toilet paper, and offer only soup to patients (3) (4) (5) . At the end of April 2003, Drs David Baltimore and David Ho, two leading US AIDS researchers, pronounced one of the first warnings against irresponsible SARS media coverage; even going as far as calling it Severe Acute Media Syndrome (8) (9) (10) .
    keywords: hospital; mother; sars
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        item: #14 of 5187
          id: cord-009697-dq4y89ab
      author: Yuen, Eddie
       title: Role of absolute lymphocyte count in the screening of patients with suspected SARS
        date: 2003-07-25
       words: 1511
      flesch: 55
     summary: These results support the conclusion that magnesium sulphate is a weak bronchodilator and may be a useful adjunct to standard therapy in patients with acute severe asthma. Second, a multicentre, placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind trial of intravenous magnesium sulphate in 248 patients with acute severe asthma was recently reported.
    keywords: group; magnesium; patients; sars
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        item: #15 of 5187
          id: cord-009891-gqrhbhbn
      author: Rassool, G. Hussein
       title: Current issues and forthcoming events
        date: 2003-09-03
       words: 3467
      flesch: 45
     summary: The report indicates that the key to better management of cancer pain is improved educational programmes and the development of dedicated pain management teams. The severity of cancer pain is often dependent on the type of cancer and stage of the disease.
    keywords: cancer; health; nursing; pain; patients; physicians; sars; treatment; vaccine
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        item: #16 of 5187
          id: cord-010050-utbrf4ad
      author: Fisher, Dale A
       title: Preventing local transmission of SARS: lessons from Singapore
        date: 2003-06-02
       words: 2366
      flesch: 50
     summary: In theory, the hospital is to remain SARS free -by instituting measures to detect cases, providing isolation for suspected cases and referring probable SARS cases to Tan Tock Seng Hospital (the designated SARS hospital). In the first 4 weeks of our engagement with SARS, there have been 394 admissions (including 65 staff) to these wards, with 23 individuals (4.3%) referred as suspect or probable SARS cases.
    keywords: cases; contact; health; hospital; patient; sars
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        item: #17 of 5187
          id: cord-010384-wyp7hrde
      author: Iwen, Peter C
       title: Safety Considerations in the Laboratory Testing of Specimens Suspected or Known to Contain the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
        date: 2020-04-10
       words: 1636
      flesch: 26
     summary: The purpose of this report is to provide a clear and concise understanding of laboratory biosafety practices necessary to prepare laboratorians to safely process clinical specimens from a patient that might contain this new pathogen. As a part of this, ( Table 2 ) defines some of the other core processes that need to be in place to support laboratory biosafety practices when handling a specimen from a patient under investigation for COVID-19.
    keywords: cov-2; laboratory; sars; specimens
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        item: #18 of 5187
          id: cord-011813-lm105z6n
      author: Imperiale, Michael J.
       title: Recurring Themes
        date: 2020-07-08
       words: 310
      flesch: 61
     summary: Having attended a similar conference on Ebola and other emerging infectious diseases a couple of years earlier, I knew that the topics of discussion and the information presented at such a meeting are of interest and importance to the microbial sciences community. As the authors of the Nipah@20 conference summary note, the similarities in terms of what the world needs to respond to such emerging diseases are many.
    keywords: conference
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        item: #19 of 5187
          id: cord-012045-1cqqj84n
      author: Li, Tiao
       title: The Role of Deubiquitinating Enzymes in Acute Lung Injury and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
        date: 2020-07-08
       words: 7511
      flesch: 30
     summary: Protein ubiquitination is reversible, the covalently attached monoubiquitin or polyubiquitin moieties within the targeted protein can be removed by a group of enzymes called deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs). Signal transductions in control of protein stability and availability, including protein ubiquitination and degradation, are typical among the pathways.
    keywords: acute; ards; cells; cyld; deubiquitination; domain; dubs; enzymes; epithelial; infection; inflammation; lung; members; protein; responses; role; signaling; ubiquitin
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        item: #20 of 5187
          id: cord-012424-z3mkp9y9
      author: Bansal, Poonam
       title: Clinical Course of a Patient with Radiographically Described Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy (ANE)
        date: 2020-08-13
       words: 503
      flesch: 38
     summary: Immunotherapy has some role in the treatment of COVID-19 associated ANE, as described in the literature (1, 4, 5 COVID-19-associated acute hemorrhagic necrotizing encephalopathy: CT and MRI features COVID-19-related acute necrotizing encephalopathy with brain stem involvement in a patient with aplastic anemia Acute necrotizing encephalopathy and myocarditis in a young patient with COVID-19 Acute necrotizing encephalopathy with SARS-CoV-2 RNA confirmed in cerebrospinal fluid COVID-19-associated acute necrotising encephalopathy successfully treated with steroids and polyvalent immunoglobulin with unusual IgG targeting the cerebral fibre network Does SARS-Cov-2 invade the brain? Several cases of COVID-19 associated ANE have now been reported (Table) .
    keywords: acute; sars
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        item: #21 of 5187
          id: cord-013269-u1e0kzmm
      author: Cucinotta, Domenico
       title: Primum non nocere (first do no harm). The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic course in oldest in Italy
        date: 2020-05-11
       words: 1603
      flesch: 49
     summary: But the complexity of modern medicine, as well as the great number of professionals taking care of a single problem and of a single patient, have resulted in bad strategy and a great confusion in policymakers, particularly concerning care of older people. Great interest was given to the apex of the pyramid (ICUs) instead of the base (prevention devices, lockdown of health facilities for old people).
    keywords: covid-19; days; homes; patients; use
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        item: #22 of 5187
          id: cord-014878-n6a9cq47
      author: Jun-yi, Ma
       title: The characteristics and dynamic changes of X-ray chest film in 50 patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome
        date: 2003
       words: 1389
      flesch: 49
     summary: Therefore, to understand the characteristics of X-ray chest film in SARS patients and get to know the rule of its dynamic changes is meaningful for SARS diagnosing, treating and prognosing. The figure of chest film of SARS patients is characterized as follows: ( 1 ) Lesions often oc-curred at the lower field and outer zone of the lung; (2) Lesions are mostly multiply presented; (3) Lesions could change, develop or be absorbed rapidly, showing an unsteadiness.
    keywords: chest; patients; sars
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        item: #23 of 5187
          id: cord-014897-rnrlslfh
      author: Rong-bing, Wang
       title: Therapeutic effects of integrated traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine in treating severe acute respiratory syndrome
        date: 2003
       words: 2325
      flesch: 42
     summary: Fever is a common symptom revealed in SARS patients. There are many lethal factors that could cause death to SARS patients, among which secondary infection caused by serious destruction of immune function and utilization of steroid is an important one.
    keywords: group; icwm; patients; sars; treatment
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        item: #24 of 5187
          id: cord-014938-7evmiuv5
      author: Wei-ming, Yan
       title: Expression of prothrombinase/fibroleukin gene fg12 in lung impairment in a murine severe acute respiratory syndrome model
        date: 2008-01-13
       words: 1095
      flesch: 28
     summary: Clinical features and short-term outcomes of 144 patients with SARS in Toronto Area SARS-associated viral hepatitis caused by a novel coronavirus: report of three cases Detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus in pneumocytes of the lung Fuliminant hepatic failure hepatitis virus strain 3 infection: tissue-specific expression of a novel fgl2 prothrombinase The clinical pathology of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): a report from China Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Aetiology: Koch's postulates fulfilled for SARS virus Lung pathology of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): a study of 8 autopsy cases from Singapore Discovery of novel human and animal cells infected by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus by replication-specific multiplex reverse transcription-PCR defense following severe acute respiratory syndromecoronavirus (SARS-CoV) pulmonary infection of mice A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Mouse hepatitis virus 3-thymic cell interactions correlating with viral pathogenicity A major outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Molecular and functional analysis of the human prothrombinase gene (HFGL2) and its role in viral hepatitis Identification of an epitope of SARS-coronavirus nucleocapsid protein Acute and chronic changes in the microcirculation of the liver in inbred strains of mice following infection with mouse hepatitis virus type 3 The genome sequence of SARS-associated coronavirus The fgl2/fibroleukin prothrombinase contributes to immunologically mediated thrombosis in experimental and human viral hepatitis Replication of SARS coronavirus administered into the respiratory tract of African Green, rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys A human in vitro model system for investigating genome-wide host responses to SARS coronavirus infection A method to establish a murine model of fulminant viral hepatitis Role of Fgl2 Prothrombinase/ Fibroleukin in Experimental and Human Allograft Rejection The aetiology of SARS: in lung impairment in Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), a murine SARS model induced by Murine hepatitis virus strain 3 (MHV-3) through trachea was established.
    keywords: coronavirus; mice; sars; syndrome
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        item: #25 of 5187
          id: cord-015009-3o90pzw7
      author: None
       title: How and who does SARS kill?
        date: 2003-06-10
       words: 911
      flesch: 53
     summary: key: cord-015009-3o90pzw7 authors: nan title: How and who does SARS kill? But the path that the virus took to set up this initial hotbed of human infection -essential information for assessing the likelihood of a recurrence, even if the initial wave of SARS is over -remains a mystery.
    keywords: china; sars; virus
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        item: #26 of 5187
          id: cord-015181-875gf11z
      author: Walgate, Robert
       title: SARS escaped Beijing lab twice
        date: 2004-04-27
       words: 617
      flesch: 67
     summary: key: cord-015181-875gf11z authors: Walgate, Robert title: SARS escaped Beijing lab twice date: 2004-04-27 journal: Genome Biol DOI: 10.1186/gb-spotlight-20040427-03 sha: doc_id: 15181 cord_uid: 875gf11z nan Email: Disease Outbreak News Lab security breach blamed in China SARS, USA Today via Associated Press Emergency inspectors sent across China as SARS fears return, Channel News Asia said.
    keywords: lab; sars
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        item: #27 of 5187
          id: cord-015183-1eytelxn
      author: Walgate, Robert
       title: Latest SARS evidence
        date: 2003-04-07
       words: 1056
      flesch: 68
     summary: The new virus diverges by 50-60% from the three known groups of coronavirus, but that is typical of the variation between coronavirus groups, according to Stephan Günther of the Bernhard Nocht Institute of Tropical Medicine in Hamburg. The outbreak of SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) that originated in China is, with 95-97% certainty, caused by a completely new type of coronavirus, according to Julie Hall, who is responsible for the World Health Organization's Global Alert, Response and Operations Network.
    keywords: coronavirus; günther; sars
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        item: #28 of 5187
          id: cord-015235-lv8mll28
      author: Kim, Hyun
       title: Functional analysis of the receptor binding domain of SARS coronavirus S1 region and its monoclonal antibody
        date: 2014-04-16
       words: 5877
      flesch: 53
     summary: The same amounts of RBD protein and ACE2 antibody were simultaneously incubated with the cells for 30 min and detected with the RBD antibody ( Fig. 4b; column 3). There are many reports of SARS S or RBD protein binding to ACE2 on host cell membrane proteins using an antibody against SARS-CoV and by other methods.
    keywords: ace2; antibody; binding; cells; fig; fusion; monoclonal; mouse; protein; rbd; sars
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        item: #29 of 5187
          id: cord-015376-z739ifu5
      author: Savarino, Andrea
       title: Potential therapies for coronaviruses
        date: 2006-08-31
       words: 6367
      flesch: 46
     summary: A review providing the immunological grounds for a potential use of chloroquine in the clinical management of SARS Clinical progression and viral load in a community outbreak of coronavirus-associated SARS pneumonia: a prospective study In vitro inhibition of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus by chloroquine This article describes the first experiments showing an anti-SARS-CoV effect of chloroquine Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread This research article provides the mechanisms of SARS-CoV inhibition by chloroquine Using siRNA in prophylactic and therapeutic regimens against SARS coronavirus in Rhesus macaque The coronavirus replicase Binding site-based classification of coronaviral papain-like proteases Virus-encoded proteinases and proteolytic processing in the Nidovirales Intracellular localization and protein interactions of the gene 1 protein p28 during mouse hepatitis virus replication Identification and characterization of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus replicase proteins Viral RNA replication in association with cellular membranes Coronavirus main proteinase (3CLpro) structure: basis for design of anti-SARS drugs Dissection study on the severe acute respiratory syndrome 3C-like protease reveals the critical role of the extra domain in dimerization of the enzyme: defining the extra domain as a new target for design of highly specific protease inhibitors A novel auto-cleavage assay for studying mutational effects of the active site of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 3C-like protease Medical treatment of viral pneumonia including SARS in immunocompetent adult Treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome with lopinavir/ritonavir: a multicentre retrospective matched cohort study Role of lopinavir/ritonavir in the treatment of SARS: initial virological and clinical findings HIV protease inhibitor nelfinavir inhibits replication of SARS-associated coronavirus In vitro susceptibility of 10 clinical isolates of SARS coronavirus to selected antiviral compounds Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus is inhibited by IFN-α Expanding the frontiers of existing antiviral drugs: possible effects of HIV-1 protease inhibitors against SARS and avian influenza This paper reviews the information available on the use of HIV-1 protease inhibitors against SARS-CoV and provides the results of a molecular docking study Identifying inhibitors of the SARS coronavirus proteinase This bioinformatic analysis of drug/enzyme docking provides interesting insights on the use of HIV-1 protease inhibitors as lead compounds for development of 3Clpro inhibitors Old drugs as lead compounds for a new disease?
    keywords: 3clpro; chloroquine; compounds; coronavirus; cov; drug; effects; inhibitors; protease; replication; rna; sars; use
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        item: #30 of 5187
          id: cord-015503-j99cgsjt
      author: Tang, Xiaolu
       title: On the origin and continuing evolution of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-03-03
       words: 5255
      flesch: 52
     summary: Our results suggest that the development of new variations in functional sites in the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike seen in SARS-CoV-2 and viruses from pangolin SARSr-CoVs are likely caused by mutations and natural selection besides recombination. For each annotated ORF in the reference genome of SARS-CoV-2 (NC_045512), we extracted the orthologous sequences in human SARS-CoV, four bat SARS-related coronaviruses (SARSr-CoV: RaTG13, ZXC21, ZC45, and BM48-31), one Pangolin SARSr-CoV from Guangdong (GD)
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; fig; genomic; sars; sites; spike; type; viruses
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        item: #31 of 5187
          id: cord-015516-hx7ktq8j
      author: None
       title: In the Literature
        date: 2005-10-15
       words: 1500
      flesch: 42
     summary: Heterologous expression of S. aureus carotenoids in Streptococcus pyogenes conferred relative resistance to oxidants and killing by neutrophils, as well as increased virulence in an animal model of infection. The golden pigment produced by S. aureus is compromised of a group of carotenoids.
    keywords: angiotensin; patients; sars
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        item: #32 of 5187
          id: cord-015552-pm9kdqdw
      author: Kreuder-Sonnen, Christian
       title: China vs the WHO: a behavioural norm conflict in the SARS crisis
        date: 2019-05-01
       words: 8266
      flesch: 43
     summary: Nevertheless, the new IHR legalize fundamental principles of the norm of global health security at the expense of member state sovereignty. By addressing these questions, this article sheds light on the so far understudied phenomenon of behavioural norm contestation and provides first insights on its use by fundamentally different types of actors, namely states and international organizations (IOs).
    keywords: china; contestation; disease; health; health security; ihr; international; member; norm; sars; sovereignty norm; states
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        item: #33 of 5187
          id: cord-015613-ls9qus8y
      author: Macdonald, David W.
       title: Infectious disease: Inextricable linkages between human and ecosystem health
        date: 2006-06-06
       words: 6158
      flesch: 40
     summary: key: cord-015613-ls9qus8y authors: Macdonald, David W.; Laurenson, M. Karen title: Infectious disease: Inextricable linkages between human and ecosystem health date: 2006-06-06 journal: That false dichotomy has long since passed as infectious disease has become a central issue in biological conservation, which itself has become enmeshed in an inter-disciplinary web that embraces the health of ecosystems and people (e.g. Riordan et al., 2006) .
    keywords: bats; conservation; control; disease; et al; health; human; pathogens; populations; species; transmission; virus; wildlife
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        item: #34 of 5187
          id: cord-015619-msicix98
      author: None
       title: Virus Structure & Assembly
        date: 2009-02-24
       words: 3306
      flesch: 41
     summary: Meshes and nanoindentation simulations are presented for several viruses: Hepatitis B, CCMV, HK97, and Phi 29. We demonstrate these methods using coarse-grained models of the assembly of icosahedral virus capsids as well as several simpler models of generic assembly chemistry.
    keywords: assembly; capsid; connector; dna; membrane; sars; structure; virus; viruses
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        item: #35 of 5187
          id: cord-015701-0m17unfx
      author: None
       title: Neuartiges Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2)
        date: 2020-02-24
       words: 80
      flesch: 74
     summary: Von der Gabe von Kortikosteroiden wird eher abgeraten. key: cord-015701-0m17unfx authors: nan title: Neuartiges Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) date: 2020-02-24 journal:
    keywords: sars
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        item: #36 of 5187
          id: cord-016120-pz2q62i7
      author: Zhang, Jie
       title: Chai Jing: The Power of Vulnerability
        date: 2019-02-16
       words: 7943
      flesch: 48
     summary: When Chai's Insight came out in 2013, some of her disapproving readers denominated her Chai Huiyin 柴徽因, alluding to Lin Huiyin 林徽因 (1904 -1955 , one of China's celebrity intellectuals known for her literary talent and romantic relations with several high-achieving men. Chai’s embracing her own feelings of vulnerability, which dominated the beginning of her career, and using it to channel public feelings and drive news reporting has made her a distinctively controversial media personality.
    keywords: audiences; career; cctv; chai; china; chinese; documentary; dome; feelings; media; news; people; public; reporting; self; smog; state
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        item: #37 of 5187
          id: cord-016160-ugc7ce21
      author: Ching, Frank
       title: Bird Flu, SARS and Beyond
        date: 2018-03-15
       words: 19420
      flesch: 59
     summary: The Hong Kong University virologist said that his team had completed the genetic sequencing of the virus, isolated from Hong Kong patients. The Microbiology Department at Hong Kong University had had a head start, with specimens brought back to Hong Kong at the risk of their lives by Guan Yi and B.J. Zheng.
    keywords: china; department; disease; government; guangdong; h5n1; h7n9; health; hong kong; hospital; human; influenza; markets; new; outbreak; pandemic; patients; people; poultry; professor; research; sars; university; virus; viruses; world; yuen
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        item: #38 of 5187
          id: cord-016312-u47mb2h0
      author: Lu, Pu-Xuan
       title: Introduction of Emerging Infectious Diseases
        date: 2015-07-25
       words: 1781
      flesch: 45
     summary: Such contagious diseases did not exist in the past and newly emerge due to new pathogens such as AIDS, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), human infection with highly pathogenic avian infl uenza H5N1, Thirdly, new infectious diseases are incurred by various complicated reasons such as evolution of pathogens.
    keywords: diseases; eids; infl; pathogens; uenza
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        item: #39 of 5187
          id: cord-016405-86kghmzf
      author: Lai, Allen Yu-Hung
       title: Impact of Disasters and Disaster Risk Management in Singapore: A Case Study of Singapore’s Experience in Fighting the SARS Epidemic
        date: 2014-06-13
       words: 9742
      flesch: 46
     summary: ABC News Managing transboundary crises: Identifying the building blocks of an effective response system APEC partners with Singapore on disaster management HFA implementation review for ACDR 2010 Asian development outlook 2003 update Accessed 29 ADRC country report Impact of SARS on the economy, Singapore Government Avian influenza: The tip of the iceberg Severe acute respiratory syndrome -Singapore How Singapore avoided WHO advisory, Toronto star Impact to lung health of haze from forest fires: The Singapore experience SARS: Economic impacts and implications, ERD Policy Brief No. 15. Asia Development Bank Advancing disaster risk financing and insurance in ASEAN countries: Framework and options for implementation, Global facility for disaster reduction and recovery A new world now after hotel collapse, The Straits Times Epidemiology and control of SARS in Singapore Pandemic influenza preparedness and health systems challenges in Asia: Results from rapid analyses in 6 Asian countries Crisis decision making: The centralization thesis revisited Managing a Health-related Crisis: SARS in Singapore Singapore Government.
    keywords: crisis; disaster; disease; economic; epidemic; government; health; impact; management; measures; moh; outbreak; public; response; risk; sars; singapore; singapore government; structure
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        item: #40 of 5187
          id: cord-016451-k8m2xz0e
      author: Chertow, Daniel S.
       title: Influenza, Measles, SARS, MERS, and Smallpox
        date: 2020-01-03
       words: 6148
      flesch: 36
     summary: The timeline of influenza virus shedding in children and adults in a household transmission study of influenza in Managua Long-term shedding of influenza virus, parainfluenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus and nosocomial epidemiology in patients with hematological disorders Estimates of the reproduction number for seasonal, pandemic, and zoonotic influenza: a systematic review of the literature Influenza virus-induced lung injury: pathogenesis and implications for treatment The pathology of influenza virus infections Bacterial coinfection in influenza: a grand rounds review Human infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H7N9) virus, China Molecular pathogenesis of H5 highly pathogenic avian influenza: the role of the haemagglutinin cleavage site motif Immunobiology of influenza vaccines Airborne transmission of measles in a physician's office Measles virus host invasion and pathogenesis Pathological consequences of systemic measles virus infection Predominant infection of CD150+ lymphocytes and dendritic cells during measles virus infection of macaques The clinical significance of measles: a review The basic reproduction number (R0) of measles: a systematic review Early waning of maternal measles antibodies in era of measles elimination: longitudinal study Measles virus-induced suppression of immune responses Long-term measles-induced immunomodulation increases overall childhood infectious disease mortality Evidence of airborne transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome virus Model parameters and outbreak control for SARS Epithelial cells lining salivary gland ducts are early target cells of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in the upper respiratory tracts of rhesus macaques A crucial role of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in SARS coronavirus-induced lung injury Multiple organ infection and the pathogenesis of SARS Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus. Seasonal influenza virus infection is largely limited to the respiratory tract; however, H5 and H7 HPAI viruses have a polybasic cleave site within the hemagglutinin allowing for replication outside of the respiratory tract [65, 66] .
    keywords: acute; coronavirus; cov; days; disease; east; infection; influenza; measles; mers; middle; patients; sars; smallpox; syndrome; transmission
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        item: #41 of 5187
          id: cord-016844-lq2bgu7a
      author: Teksam, Ozlem
       title: Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation in Patients with High-Risk Infections and Mass Casualties in Acute Respiratory Failure: Pediatric Perspective
        date: 2013-05-29
       words: 3933
      flesch: 39
     summary: In another study from Toronto during SARS, the use of NIV was discouraged especially after clinicians contracted the disease when a patient was intubated following NIV failure [ 9 ] . The general recommendation was that early intubation of patients with evidence of NIV failure should be instituted for better results [ 21 ] .
    keywords: arf; infl; intubation; niv; patients; respiratory; uenza; ventilation
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        item: #42 of 5187
          id: cord-016897-t71f10kv
      author: Flores, Marco V.
       title: Preventing Airborne Disease Transmission: Implications for Patients During Mechanical Ventilation
        date: 2013-05-29
       words: 3664
      flesch: 40
     summary: Measures to minimize respiratory droplet transmission include using in-line suctioning to maintain the ventilator circuit as a closed system. [ 21 ] systematically reviewed the literature regarding the risk of transmitting acute respiratory infections to HCWs exposed to patients undergoing an AGP compared with the risk of transmission to HCWs caring for patients not undergoing an AGP.
    keywords: droplets; infection; niv; patients; procedures; respiratory; risk; transmission; ventilation
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        item: #43 of 5187
          id: cord-016921-64mfqks9
      author: Schillmeier, Michael
       title: Risiko-Akteur-Netzwerke
        date: 2009-08-07
       words: 3556
      flesch: 44
     summary: Das globale Risiko von SARS bestand also darin, dass es sich um eine Viruserkrankung handelte, die das Potential in sich trug, sich entlang der globalen Vernetzung weltweiter Strukturen rasend schnell zu verbreiten Die Bedeutung von SARS liegt darin, dass es sich -paradoxerweise -der
    keywords: akteur; als; auch; das; dass; den; der; des; die; durch; einer; für; gerade; ist; man; mit; nicht; oder; risiko; sars; sich; sind; sozialen; tarde; und; virus; von; werden; wie
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        item: #44 of 5187
          id: cord-016990-ot1wi3xi
      author: Zaki, Sherif R.
       title: Viral Infections of the Lung
        date: 2008
       words: 19595
      flesch: 28
     summary: Preceding respiratory infection predisposing for primary and secondary invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b disease Viral-bacterial synergistic interaction in respiratory disease Immune impairment of alveolar macrophage phagocytosis during influenza virus pneumonia Mechanisms of bacterial superinfect ions in viral pneumonias Impact of respiratory virus infections on persons with chronic underlying conditions Identification of a new North American hantavirus that causes acute pulmonary insufficiency Nipah virus: a recently emergent deadly paramyxovirus Genetic identification of a hantavirus associated with an outbreak of acute respiratory illness Varicella-related mortality in California Decline in mortality due to varicella after implementation of varicella vaccination in the United States Pneumonia caused by herpesviruses in recipients of hematopoietic cell transplants Initial genetic characterization of the 1918 Spanish influenza virus Characterization of the reconstructed 1918 Spanish influenza pandemic virus Transmission of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus by organ transplantation A morbillivirus that caused fatal disease in horses and humans Fatal West Nile virus encephalitis in a renal transplant recipient Transmission of West Nile virus from an organ donor to four transplant recipients Transmission of rabies virus from an organ donor to four transplant recipients Isolation of a cytopathogenic agent from human adenoids undergoing spontaneous degeneration in tissue culture Recovery of new agent from patients with acute respiratory illness Adenoviruses: group name proposed for new respiratory-tract viruses Adenoviruses in the immunocompromised host Fatal disseminated adenovirus infections in immunocompromised patients Respiratory disease and the adenoviruses Adenoviruses from human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals, including two strains that represent new candidate serotypes Ad50 and Ad51 of species Bl and D, respectively Infections in 18,000 infants and children in a controlled study of respiratory tract disease. 102 Multinucleated syncytial cells similar to those seen in some SARS patients can also be found in a number of virus infections, including measles, parainfluenza viruses, RSV, and Nipah virus infections.
    keywords: acute; alveolar; antigens; cases; cause; cells; children; diagnosis; disease; fever; fig; giant; hsv; human; inclusions; infection; influenza; lung; measles; nipah; patients; pneumonia; pulmonary; sars; syncytial; syndrome; tissues; tract; type; varicella; virus; virus infection; viruses
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        item: #45 of 5187
          id: cord-017070-05vlz5dn
      author: Dimitrov, Dimiter S.
       title: Human Monoclonal Antibodies Against HIV and Emerging Viruses
        date: 2008
       words: 6678
      flesch: 27
     summary: The prospects for vaccines against HIV-1: more than a field of long-term nonprogression? HIV vaccine design and the neutralizing antibody problem Antibody-based inhibitors of HIV infection Antibody neutralization and escape by HIV-1 Efficient neutralization of primary isolates of HIV-1 by a recombinant human monoclonal antibody Recognition properties of a panel of human recombinant Fab fragments to the CD4 binding site of gp120 that show differing abilities to neutralize human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Identification and characterization of a new cross-reactive human immunodeficiency virus type 1-neutralizing human monoclonal antibody Broadly cross-reactive HIV neutralizing human monoclonal antibody Fab selected by sequential antigen panning of a phage display library Access of antibody molecules to the conserved coreceptor binding site on glycoprotein gp120 is sterically restricted on primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Broadly crossreactive HIV-1-neutralizing human monoclonal Fab selected for binding to gp120-CD4-CCR5 complexes Identifying epitopes of HIV-1 that induce protective antibodies Selection of a novel gp41-specific HIV-1 neutralizing human antibody by competitive antigen panning Virus isolates during acute and chronic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection show distinct patterns of sensitivity to entry inhibitors A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS-associated coronavirus Chronological evolution of IgM, IgA, IgG and neutralisation antibodies after infection with SARS-associated coronavirus Neutralizing antibodies in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus infection Antibody responses against SARS-coronavirus and its nucleocaspid in SARS patients Development of a safe neutralization assay for SARS-CoV and characterization of S-glycoprotein SARS corona virus peptides recognized by antibodies in the sera of convalescent cases S protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus mediates entry into hepatoma cell lines and is targeted by neutralizing antibodies in infected patients Prior infection and passive transfer of neutralizing antibody prevent replication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in the respiratory tract of mice Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection of golden Syrian hamsters Replication of SARS coronavirus administered into the respiratory tract of African Green, rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys Treating severe acute respiratory syndrome with hyperimmune globulins SARS: what have we learned? Treating severe acute respiratory syndrome with hyperimmune globulins Human monoclonal antibodies to the S glycoprotein and related proteins as potential therapeutics for SARS An efficient method to make human monoclonal antibodies from memory B cells: potent neutralization of SARS coronavirus Evasion of antibody neutralization in emerging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses Potent neutralization of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus by a human mAb to S1 protein that blocks receptor association Evaluation of human monoclonal antibody 80R for immunoprophylaxis of severe acute respiratory syndrome by an animal study, epitope mapping, and analysis of spike variants Human monoclonal antibody as prophylaxis for SARS coronavirus infection in ferrets Molecular and biological characterization of human monoclonal antibodies binding to the spike and nucleocapsid proteins of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Development and characterization of a severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus-neutralizing human monoclonal antibody that provides effective immunoprophylaxis in mice Structure of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus receptor-binding domain complexed with neutralizing antibody
    keywords: activity; antibodies; antibody; binding; coronavirus; cov; hiv; hmabs; human; infection; sars; syndrome; virus
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        item: #46 of 5187
          id: cord-017108-vqbl0eov
      author: Zheng, Xiaolong
       title: Network-Based Analysis of Beijing SARS Data
        date: 2008
       words: 2428
      flesch: 49
     summary: The patient contact network analyzed in the previous section can provide insights as to SARS transmission patterns among patients. Data-driven exploration of 'spatial pattern-time process-driving forces' associations of SARS epidemic in Beijing Network theory and SARS: predicting outbreak diversity Transmission dynamics of the etiological agent of SARS in Hong Kong: impact of public health interventions Modeling the SARS Epidemic Controlling emerging infectious diseases like SARS Clustering model for transmission of the SARS virus: application to epidemic control and risk assessment
    keywords: analysis; contact; network; sars
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        item: #47 of 5187
          id: cord-017210-5nc8f3a4
      author: Pathegama, Mahinda P.
       title: Interactive Real-time Image Analysis System for Distant Operation
        date: 2005
       words: 2417
      flesch: 39
     summary: Machine vision utilised in the proposed system enables realtime monitoring of cell images, which are obtained from cameras coupled to electron microscope. Cell images having a cluttered background usually produce open edges in the cell boundaries.
    keywords: analysis; cell; data; image; object; processing; system
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        item: #48 of 5187
          id: cord-017224-naromr0a
      author: McLeish, Caitriona
       title: Evolving Biosecurity Frameworks
        date: 2016-12-06
       words: 6006
      flesch: 33
     summary: What was previously seen as two separate domains – public health and national security – have, through various events and disease outbreaks in the last 15 years, become intertwined and as a result biosecurity policies now need to address a spectrum of disease threats that encompass natural outbreaks, accidental releases and the deliberate use of disease as weapons. The UN High Level Panel report quoted above also alludes to another vulnerability that was exposed during the SARS outbreak, namely the deficiencies in the contemporary reporting system for infectious disease outbreaks.
    keywords: disease; global; health; national; new; outbreak; public; response; sars; security; states; threat; use; weapons
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        item: #49 of 5187
          id: cord-017354-cndb031c
      author: Janies, D.
       title: Large-Scale Phylogenetic Analysis of Emerging Infectious Diseases
        date: 2008
       words: 12430
      flesch: 42
     summary: Here we review the computational challenges of comparative genomic analyses, specifically sequence alignment and reconstruction of phylogenetic trees. Phylogenetic trees are represented by acyclic graphs in which the leaves of these graphs represent the observed biological entities (taxa) being compared (e.g., sequences of genes, genomes, and/or anatomy of individuals, isolates or cultivars, species, or any higher level taxonomic unit).
    keywords: alignment; analysis; avian; character; data; host; human; influenza; isolates; length; methods; number; organisms; outgroup; search; sequence; strains; taxa; tree; viruses
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        item: #50 of 5187
          id: cord-017463-repm1vw9
      author: Ungchusak, Kumnuan
       title: Public Health Surveillance: A Vital Alert and Response Function
        date: 2018-07-27
       words: 5672
      flesch: 37
     summary: key: cord-017463-repm1vw9 authors: Ungchusak, Kumnuan; Heymann, David; Pollack, Marjorie title: Public Health Surveillance: A Vital Alert and Response Function date: 2018-07-27 journal: The Palgrave Handbook of Global Health Data Methods for Policy and Practice DOI: 10.1057/978-1-137-54984-6_10 sha: doc_id: 17463 cord_uid: repm1vw9 Ungchusak, Heymann and Pollack address the critical global issue of public health surveillance. While public health surveillance originated to control spread of infectious diseases such as plague and cholera, it has evolved to include some non-communicable diseases, occupational health and injuries as well as surveillance of biological, behavioural and social determinants of these conditions.
    keywords: cases; control; countries; data; diseases; events; global; health; influenza; information; international; public; surveillance
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        item: #51 of 5187
          id: cord-017489-ftz9190a
      author: Richards, Guy A.
       title: Viruses in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU)
        date: 2005
       words: 5796
      flesch: 37
     summary: -2 % from 15-30% if initiated within the first 8 days of illness (12) and is also possibly of value in Lassa virus infection (13). Porterfield JS Clinical Practice and Public Health Control Virus induced endothelial permeability triggered by affected macrophages Hemostasis and the complement system in Argentine hemorrhagic fever Cardiovascular and pulmonary responses to Pichinde virus infection in strain 13 guinea pigs A nosocomial outbreak of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever at Tyberberg Hospital (part II).
    keywords: cytomegalovirus; days; disease; fever; hepatitis; infection; mortality; patients; pneumonia; therapy; treatment; varicella; viral; virus
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        item: #52 of 5187
          id: cord-017516-qbksb83c
      author: Si, Yain-Whar
       title: Hidden Cluster Detection for Infectious Disease Control and Quarantine Management
        date: 2009-09-30
       words: 3359
      flesch: 44
     summary: We apply information visualization and hidden cluster detection for finding cliques of potentially infected people during incubation. Given this background, this research aims to develop a decision support system which can be used to locate the source of an outbreak by mining clusters and communities from the patients' past activities (testimonies) using techniques from infectious disease control, information visualization, and database management systems.
    keywords: disease; figure; infection; information; outbreak; patients; system
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        item: #53 of 5187
          id: cord-017668-my2l85bn
      author: Cho, Yeon-Jin
       title: Rule Generation Using NN and GA for SARS-CoV Cleavage Site Prediction
        date: 2005
       words: 2087
      flesch: 54
     summary: Our experiment includes the following steps; (1) Rule extraction from a trained neural network and comparison of the rules with consensus patterns and decision trees; (2) Rule generation by GA-based model with initial knowledge from consensus patterns, decision tree and neural network rules; (3) Comparison of the rules from neural networks, decision tree and knowledge-based GA. Experimental results show that the method could generate new rules for cleavage site prediction, which are more general and accurate than consensus patterns.
    keywords: cleavage; network; neural; rules; site
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        item: #54 of 5187
          id: cord-017715-99ri6x0y
      author: Zhou, Bo-Ping
       title: SARS
        date: 2015-07-25
       words: 8861
      flesch: 42
     summary: On March 21, 2003 , Hong Kong University fi rstly separated and cultured coronavirus from the nasopharyngeal specimen of SARS patients by Vero cells, and then several laboratories of Canada and America disease center and SARS international coordination group also cultured coronavirus. According to the report of WHO, SARS epidemics was found in total 29 The main source of infection is SARS patients, and other infectious sources such as animals need to be further consolidated.
    keywords: changes; chest; coronavirus; density; disease; head; lesions; lung; patients; phase; pulmonary; ray; sars; shadows; syndrome
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        item: #55 of 5187
          id: cord-017903-92hnaiyc
      author: Cieslak, Theodore J.
       title: Communicable Diseases and Emerging Pathogens: The Past, Present, and Future of High-Level Containment Care
        date: 2018-07-07
       words: 7499
      flesch: 43
     summary: The 2014-2016 outbreak of Ebola virus disease (EVD) in West Africa involved at least 28,616 cases with 11,310 deaths [5] . The Emory Wheel Ebola outbreak in West Africa Ebola and Marburg haemorrhagic fever Clinical management of Ebola virus disease in the United States and Europe Fruit bats as reservoirs of Ebola virus Multi-National PREVAIL II Study Team, et al.
    keywords: care; cases; conditions; disease; ebola; fever; hlcc; infection; lassa; management; mortality; outbreak; patients; transmission; virus
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        item: #56 of 5187
          id: cord-017942-og0b2l6b
      author: Chen, Yi-Da
       title: Incorporating Geographical Contacts into Social Network Analysis for Contact Tracing in Epidemiology: A Study on Taiwan SARS Data
        date: 2007
       words: 3674
      flesch: 46
     summary: What are the differences in connectivity between personal and geographical contacts in the construction of contact networks for the diseases which transmit not only through personal contacts? However, for diseases which transmit not only through personal contacts, incorporating geographical contacts into SNA has been demonstrated to reveal potential contacts among patients.
    keywords: contacts; disease; network; patients; transmission
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        item: #57 of 5187
          id: cord-017995-azqjvxtu
      author: Kwong, Kim-hung
       title: Spatial Components in Disease Modelling
        date: 2010
       words: 3118
      flesch: 42
     summary: A model of SARS transmission by Riley et al. A previous study of SARS transmission in China also confirmed that modern public transport has a vital part in spreading contagious diseases like SARS [23] .
    keywords: disease; factors; hong; kong; population; sars; transmission
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        item: #58 of 5187
          id: cord-018057-p1l6xtsq
      author: Ruan, Li
       title: SARS Epidemic: SARS Outbreaks in Inner-land of China
        date: 2008
       words: 7511
      flesch: 44
     summary: A study in Guangdong found SARS cases among people, such as restaurant cooks and meat animal's vendors or purchasers, who had no history of contact with SARS patients but had been in contact with wild animals Peng et al., 2003; Yang et al., 2003 ; Leadership Group of SARS Prevention and Control in Beijing, Epidemiological features of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Beijing, 2003; Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2003) . 4. Upgrade early precautionary systems that report SARS cases so as to detect SARS patients as soon as possible and take immediate actions of prevention and control in cases of detected infections.
    keywords: cases; china; control; disease; epidemic; health; infection; patients; prevention; public; sars; treatment
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        item: #59 of 5187
          id: cord-018101-zd4v222b
      author: Kawashima, Kent
       title: Disease Outbreaks: Critical Biological Factors and Control Strategies
        date: 2016-05-31
       words: 13132
      flesch: 39
     summary: One reason of this apparent inconsistency might be the assumption of a fixed mean R. Under this assumption, increased variance in the R distribution increases both the numbers of individuals with extremely high R and low R. Individuals with low R are essentially dead ends in disease infection and high numbers of such individuals will decrease outbreak risk. The SARS example illustrates the need for extensive interdisciplinary efforts, combining expertise from physics (fluid mechanics), biology (especially understanding mechanisms of disease transmission), and building design for resilience to future outbreaks.
    keywords: cases; contact; control; disease; epidemic; et al; factors; host; human; individuals; infection; outbreak; pathogen; population; range; respiratory; sars; spread; superspreaders; transmission; virulence; virus
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        item: #60 of 5187
          id: cord-018106-5giapmcf
      author: Levin, Jacqueline
       title: Mental Health Care for Survivors and Healthcare Workers in the Aftermath of an Outbreak
        date: 2019-05-16
       words: 4253
      flesch: 33
     summary: Similar findings have been reported in multiple studies indicating acute and persistently elevated stress levels as well as other emotional sequelae of healthcare workers during and after pandemic disease outbreaks [10] [11] [12] . Communication at every level should be monitored, with systems in place to bidirectionally transmit news among healthcare workers, their administration, healthcare facilities, and the government [10] .
    keywords: disorder; healthcare; outbreak; pandemic; patients; psychiatric; stress; symptoms; workers
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        item: #61 of 5187
          id: cord-018265-twp33bb6
      author: Becker, Pablo D.
       title: Community-acquired pneumonia: paving the way towards new vaccination concepts
        date: 2007
       words: 14131
      flesch: 32
     summary: Furthermore, DNA coding for vaccine antigens appears to induce excellent immunological memory, which can be reawakened by later immunization or exposure to the pathogen. An epidermal DNA-based influenza vaccine, which contained the HA gene from A/Panama/2007/99 delivered by particle-mediated epidermal delivery was also tested in humans by PowderJect
    keywords: antibodies; antigens; cell; children; delivery; development; disease; dna; efficacy; immunity; immunization; infection; influenza; mucosal; pneumococcal; pneumoniae; protection; protein; recombinant; responses; rsv; sars; studies; vaccination; vaccine; virus
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        item: #62 of 5187
          id: cord-018441-r6wwpfcy
      author: Taylor, Milton W.
       title: Emerging Viruses
        date: 2014-07-22
       words: 3676
      flesch: 60
     summary: A phylogenic tree shows that civet and human SARS viruses are very similar and, most importantly, that both are nested within a clade of bat viruses-so the ancestor of the civet and human strains seems to have been a bat virus! Ebola virus belongs to a family of viruses known as 'filoviruses.'
    keywords: cases; ebola; fever; human; infection; outbreak; sars; virus; viruses
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        item: #63 of 5187
          id: cord-018460-wbtaoo0o
      author: Schomburg, Dietmar
       title: SARS coronavirus main proteinase 3.4.22.69
        date: 2013
       words: 6141
      flesch: 56
     summary: Crystal structure with molecular dynamics simulations Synthesis, crystal structure, structure-activity relationships, and antiviral activity of a potent SARS coronavirus 3CL protease inhibitor Structure-based drug design and structural biology study of novel nonpeptide inhibitors of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus main protease Specific plant terpenoids and lignoids possess potent antiviral activities against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Crystal structures reveal an induced-fit binding of a substrate-like aza-peptide epoxide to SARS coronavirus main peptidase A mechanistic view of enzyme inhibition and peptide hydrolysis in the active site of the SARS-CoV 3C-like peptidase Insight into the activity of SARS main protease: molecular dynamics study of dimeric and monomeric form of enzyme Correlation between dissociation and catalysis of SARS-CoV main protease Biosynthesis, purification, and substrate specificity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 3C-like proteinase Aryl methylene ketones and fluorinated methylene ketones as reversible inhibitors for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) 3C-like proteinase Structure-based virtual screening against SARS-3CL(pro) to identify novel non-peptidic hits Design, synthesis, and evaluation of trifluoromethyl ketones as inhibitors of SARS-CoV 3CL protease Evaluation of peptide-aldehyde inhibitors using R188I mutant of SARS 3CL protease as a proteolysis-resistant mutant Design, synthesis and antiviral efficacy of a series of potent chloropyridyl ester-derived SARS-CoV 3CLpro inhibitors A computational analysis of SARS cysteine proteinase-octapeptide substrate interaction: implication for structure and active site binding mechanism Development of broad-spectrum halomethyl ketone inhibitors against coronavirus main protease 3CL(pro) Design and synthesis of cinanserin analogs as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 3CL protease inhibitors Individual and common inhibitors of coronavirus and picornavirus main proteases Residues on the dimer interface of SARS coronavirus 3C-like protease: dimer stability characterization and enzyme catalytic activity analysis Structural basis of inhibition specificities of 3C and 3C-like proteases by zinccoordinating and peptidomimetic Compounds QM/QM studies for Michael reaction in coronavirus main protease (3CL Pro) Without its N-finger, the main protease of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus can form a novel dimer through its C-terminal domain Mechanism for controlling the dimer-monomer switch and coupling dimerization to catalysis of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 3C-like protease Rapid peptide-based screening on the substrate specificity of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus 3C-like protease by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry C-terminal domain of SARS-CoV main protease can form a 3D domain-swapped dimer New developments for the design, synthesis and biological evaluation of potent SARS-CoV 3CL(pro) inhibitors SARS-CoV 3CLpro inhibitory effects of quinonemethide triterpenes from Tripterygium regelii Synthesis, docking studies, and evaluation of pyrimidines as inhibitors of SARS-CoV 3CL protease Mutation of Glu-166 blocks the substrate-induced dimerization of SARS coronavirus main protease Anti-SARS coronavirus 3C-like protease effects of Rheum palmatum L. extracts Engineering a novel endopeptidase based on SARS 3CL(pro) Maturation mechanism of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus 3C-like proteinase Two adjacent mutations on the dimer interface of SARS coronavirus 3C-like protease cause different conformational changes in crystal structure [41,42] severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus main protease <2> [21] severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus main proteinase <2> [33] CAS registry number 218925-73-6 37353-41-6 porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus Mpro severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 3C-like protease <2> [41, 42] severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus main protease <2> [21] severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus main proteinase <2> [33] CAS registry number 218925-73-6 37353- 2 Source Organism <1> alphacoronavirus
    keywords: 3clpro; activity; coronavirus; cov; dimer; enzyme; protease; reversibility; sars; type
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        item: #64 of 5187
          id: cord-019048-29wzpwvr
      author: Franks, Teri J.
       title: Coronavirus
        date: 2013-08-26
       words: 2807
      flesch: 38
     summary: Since July 2003, SARS infection has been documented on several occasions. 13.4 Acute-phase DAD in SARS patient.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov; human; infection; patients; sars
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        item: #65 of 5187
          id: cord-019076-4qu9j953
      author: Ulferts, Rachel
       title: Expression and Functions of SARS Coronavirus Replicative Proteins
        date: 2009-07-22
       words: 10055
      flesch: 40
     summary: Xu et al. 2009 ). The molecular mechanisms of the dephosphorylation reaction have not been elucidated but are thought to differ from other phosphatases as there is no sequence and/or structural similarity between the respective enzymes (Allen et al. 2003; Egloff et al. 2006) .
    keywords: activity; binding; conserved; coronavirus; cov; domain; et al; genome; mhv; processing; protein; replicase; replication; residues; rna; sars; structure; syndrome; synthesis; terminal
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        item: #66 of 5187
          id: cord-020769-elzkwyz0
      author: Day, Brennan
       title: The new normal: lessons learned from SARS for corporations operating in emerging markets
        date: 2004-07-01
       words: 6424
      flesch: 51
     summary: In a letter to journalists, when Beijing was saying that only 12 people in the city were infected with SARS, Dr Jiang disclosed that the true number of SARS patients was at least 100, including ten who had died. Encephalitis outbreak in mainland China Statistics are first casualty 1918 flu pandemic hit insurers hard Emerging Markets and International Development: Options for US Foreign Policy China isn't the only alluring partner for investors: despite worries, Southeast Asia still draws firms Doing Business in Emerging Markets: Entry and Negotiation Strategies Exercise in terror Municipal Affairs Minister David Young says he hopes Ottawa will 'rethink' its compensation offer for the province's SARS outbreak How Congress coped in the age of yellow fever Emerging markets of the global marketplace The SARS outbreak: cases flare in Taiwan; China gets draconian Sales take a holiday Airline woes: SARS take toll on Cara Masked peril Europe struggles to eradicate Avian flu outbreak Five rules for winning emerging market consumers Before disaster hits: a multifaceted approach to crisis management Emerging Markets: A Practical Guide for Corporations, Lenders, and Investors Infomart (2003), available at: www.infomart.ca/doss/doss_db_display.php?key ¼ corp/cfps International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank AIDS plants crop of death in Africa Many US firms fear SARS will hurt profits this quarter Beijing imposes new SARS curbs: city's theaters and cafés are shut down as China lists another 161 cases Epidemic disease since the Black Death Hong Kong worries about Bill to curb SARS reporting China's growth may fall below 7 percent: SARS causes drop in sales of electronic products, closing of stock exchanges Crisis Management: A Diagnostic Guide for Improving Your Organization's Crisis Preparedness SARS squeezes Asia's travel sector: industry study says virus may cost economies billions of dollars, millions of jobs Emerging Markets and International Development: Options for US Foreign Policy Infection rates might drop as spring temperatures rise The high cost of illness Nokia warns of lower sales, blaming economy and SARS The Big Emerging Markets: 1996 Outlook and Sourcebook Local health official continue to plan for crisis Cumulative number of reported probable cases of SARS China cool toward MD who told SARS truth: whistleblower treated both as a hero and political threat, writes Geoffrey York in Beijing
    keywords: business; china; countries; crisis; diseases; economies; growth; health; impact; markets; outbreak; percent; sars; world
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        item: #67 of 5187
          id: cord-021055-ebcu3ywq
      author: Xu, Jianguo
       title: Inaugural editorial: Towards evidence-based biosafety and biosecurity
        date: 2019-02-20
       words: 827
      flesch: 33
     summary: We propose that the scope of biosecurity and biosafety should include all relevant areas with the potential to cause death, social disruption and panic, economic breakdown, and/or national crisis (e.g. emerging infectious diseases, bioweapons, bioterror, laboratory biosafety, antibiotic-resistant bacterial super-strains, harmful invasive plant or animal species, misuse of synthetic biological technology, misuse of human genetic information, etc.). Rev Sci Tech Analysis of Australia's new biosecurity legislation EU is a key source of biosecurity risk to the UK Biosafety and biosecurity in European containment level 3 laboratories: focus on French recent progress and essential requirements Biobanking and biosecurity initiatives in Africa
    keywords: biosafety; biosecurity; sars
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        item: #68 of 5187
          id: cord-021152-6znmkvy9
      author: Montecino-Latorre, Diego
       title: Reproduction of East-African bats may guide risk mitigation for coronavirus spillover
        date: 2020-02-07
       words: 8069
      flesch: 44
     summary: Because CoVs are found in bat species that have adapted to be in close contact with humans, such as the straw-colored fruit bat (Eidolon helvum) and the Brazilian free-tailed bat (Tadarida brasiliensis [44, 45] ), high contact bat-human interfaces currently exist around the world. Therefore, assessment of the CoV dynamics in a broader range of bat species that show different life history traits, as well as in diverse geographic and ecological circumstances, could be extremely useful.
    keywords: age; bats; coronavirus; cov; covs; data; detection; human; infection; period; risk; sampling; season; shedding; species; spillover; viruses
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        item: #69 of 5187
          id: cord-021805-2j07zw6q
      author: Epstein, Jonathan H.
       title: Emerging Diseases in Bats
        date: 2018-09-28
       words: 4161
      flesch: 42
     summary: Also, having a library of sequences from all bat CoVs, filoviruses, or Risk factors for human disease emergence Zoonoses 3 Prediction and prevention of the next pandemic zoonosis Anthropogenic change, biodiversity loss, and a new agenda for emerging diseases Origins of major human infectious diseases Anthropogenic environmental change and the emergence of infectious diseases in wildlife Host and viral traits predict zoonotic spillover from mammals Immunology of bats and their viruses: challenges and opportunities Anthropogenic epidemics: the ecology of bat borne viruses and our role in their emergence A molecular phylogeny for bats illuminates biogeography and the fossil record Filoviruses in bats: current knowledge and future directions Roosting behaviour and habitat selection of Pteropus giganteus reveal potential links to Nipah virus epidemiology Walker's bats of the world Microchiropteran bats: global status survey and conservation action plan Economic importance of bats in agriculture Flying foxes (Chiroptera, Pteropodidae): threatened animals of key ecological and economic importance A review of the global conservation status of bats Viral discovery as a tool for pandemic preparedness Nipah virus: a recently emergent deadly paramyxovirus Agricultural intensification, priming for persistence and the emergence of Nipah virus: a lethal bat-borne zoonosis Ecological aspects of Hendra Virus Risk factors for Nipah virus infection among pteropid bats, peninsular Malaysia, Emerg Infect Dis coronavirus-like virus in palm civets at an animal market and on farms Isolation and characterization of a bat SARS-like coronavirus that uses the ACE2 receptor Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus in Bats, Saudi Arabia Global patterns in coronavirus diversity Dromedary camels and the transmission of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Predictors of MERS-CoV infection: a large case control study of patients presenting with ILI at a MERS-CoV referral hospital in Saudi Arabia Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus superspreading event involving 81 persons Ecology, evolution and classification of bat coronaviruses in the aftermath of SARS Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus: an emerging and reemerging epizootic swine virus Bat Coronavirus in Brazil related to Appalachian Ridge and porcine epidemic diarrhea viruses Group C Betacoronavirus in Bat Guano Fertilizer Marburgvirus resurgence in Kitaka Mine bat population after extermination attempts The Global Virome Project Seasonal pulses of Marburg virus circulation in juvenile Rousettus aegyptiacus bats coincide with periods of increased risk of human infection Modelling filovirus maintenance in nature by experimental transmission of Marburg virus between Egyptian rousette bats Fruit bats as reservoirs of Ebola virus Molecular evidence of Ebola Reston virus infection in Philippine bats Ebola virus antibodies in fruit bats Genetically diverse filoviruses in Rousettus and Eonycteris spp Filovirus receptor NPC1 contributes to species-specific patterns of ebolavirus susceptibility in bats Oral shedding of Marburg virus in experimentally infected Egyptian fruit bats (Rousettus aegyptiacus) Human coronaviruses: what do they cause? Data are mounting to support bats as important reservoirs compared with other mammals, and large-scale surveillance efforts like PREDICT and the recently launched Global Virome Project, a 10-year effort to identify the majority of viruses in key wildlife species in emerging disease hot spots, 73 will shed more light on the total diversity of viruses in bat species and the types of human-animal interfaces that exist in different geographic and cultural contexts.
    keywords: animal; bats; cov; ebola; human; infection; niv; species; virus; viruses
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        item: #70 of 5187
          id: cord-021847-wea0qpq2
      author: Race, Jeffrey D.
       title: Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Quarantine
        date: 2015-10-23
       words: 9016
      flesch: 37
     summary: In addition to standard hospital policies already in place for infection isolation and environmental decontamination, quarantine measures may include cohorting of patients and health care workers among institutions to reduce the exposure spread to all institutions. It is also important to note the impact of quarantine measures on local business and commerce.
    keywords: care; control; disaster; disease; event; exposure; following; health; incident; individuals; isolation; management; measures; public; quarantine; spread; state
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        item: #71 of 5187
          id: cord-022003-cvawdes6
      author: Darling, Robert G.
       title: Future Biological and Chemical Weapons
        date: 2015-10-23
       words: 9056
      flesch: 40
     summary: Innovative new delivery systems taking advantage of advances in robotics include the proposed use of cyberinsects and biorobots to deliver biological agents, chemical agents, or toxins. This obviously accelerates tremendously the development of new chemical agents.
    keywords: agents; biological; biology; cause; cells; chemical; cov; disease; future; human; influenza; potential; sars; scientists; synthetic; terrorist; threat; use; virus; warfare; weapons; world
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        item: #72 of 5187
          id: cord-022084-hap7flng
      author: ARRUDA, EURICO
       title: Respiratory Tract Viral Infections
        date: 2009-05-15
       words: 19198
      flesch: 38
     summary: Although a HMPV vaccine is not available at this time, the demonstration that hamsters, ferrets, and African green monkeys are susceptible to infection by HMPV, and that hamsters vaccinated with serotype A The epidemiology of acute respiratory tract infection in young children: Comparison of findings from several developing countries Report of a workshop on respiratory viral infections: Epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment and prevention Acute respiratory viral infections in ambulatory children of urban northeast Brazil Longitudinal studies of infectious diseases and physical growth of infants in Huascar, an underprivileged peri-urban community in At the edge of Development: Health Crises in a Transitional Society Epidemiology of acute respiratory infections in children of developing countries Pan American Health Organization: Acute respiratory infections in the Americas The magnitude of mortality from acute respiratory infections in children under 5 years in developing countries Acute lower respiratory tract infections in hospitalized patients with diarrhea in Dhaka Day-care center attendance and hospitalization for lower respiratory tract illness Viral respiratory infections in young children attending day care in urban Northeast Brazil Epidemiology and seasonality of respiratory tract virus infections in the tropics The cultural context of breastfeeding: Perspectives on the recent decline in breast-feeding in Northeast and Northcentral Brazil Reduced mortality among children in Southern India receiving a small weekly dose of vitamin A Search for a solution: Blending oral rehydration therapy (ORT) and popular medicine Pathogenesis of respiratory infections due to influenza virus: Implications for developing countries Respiratory viruses predisposing to bacterial infections: Role of neuraminidase Influenza: Emergence and control Orthomyxoviridae: The viruses and their replication Influenza virus Viral vaccines for the prevention of childhood pneumonia in developing nations: Priorities and prospects The effect of influenza on hospitalizations, outpatient visits, and courses of antibiotics in children Etiology of acute respiratory infections in children in tropical southern India A community-based study of acute respiratory tract infection in Thai children Etiology of acute lower respiratory tract infection in children from Alabang, Metro Manilla Outbreak of influenza type A (H1N1) in Iporanga Antigenic and genomic relation between human influenza viruses that circulated in Argentina in the period 1995-1999 and the corresponding vaccine components Regional perspectives on influenza surveillance in Africa H5N1 influenza: A protean pandemic threat Influenza type A and B infections in hospitalized pediatric patients Influenza viruses, cell enzymes, and pathogenicity Detection of influenza virus by centrifugal inoculation of MDCK cells and staining with monoclonal antibodies Rapid detection and simultaneous subtype differentiation of influenza A viruses by real time PCR Rapid and sensitive method using multiplex real-time PCR for diagnosis of infections by influenza A and influenza B viruses, respiratory syncytial virus, and parainfluenza viruses 1, 2, 3, and 4 Rational design of potent sialidase-based inhibitors of influenza virus replication Efficacy and safety of the neuraminidase inhibitor zanamivir in the treatment of influenzavirus infections Resistant influenza 31 Up to 50% of influenza virus infections in adults are subclinical.
    keywords: acute; adults; age; cause; cell; children; clinical; cov; days; detection; disease; hcov; hmpv; hrv; human; illness; infants; infections; influenza; patients; pcr; rna; rsv; sars; studies; tract; tropical; vaccine; virus; viruses; years
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        item: #73 of 5187
          id: cord-022234-jjaqlyo5
      author: Beirman, David
       title: A Comparative Assessment of Three Southeast Asian Tourism Recovery Campaigns: Singapore Roars: Post SARS 2003, Bali Post-the October 12, 2002 Bombing, and WOW Philippines 2003
        date: 2009-11-16
       words: 9273
      flesch: 39
     summary: SE Asian tourism remained relatively buoyant throughout most of 2002 partially due to the perceived isolation of SE Asia from the Afghan and Middle East trouble spots. At the private sector level, the Bangkok-headquartered Pacific Asia Travel Association (PATA), the main travel industry body representing the Pacific Rim, placed the restoration of SE Asian tourism as its top priority project from the time of the Bali bombing and was supported by national tourist offices and peak travel industry bodies of all SE Asian nations and the International Air Transport Association (IATA).
    keywords: asia; bali; campaign; government; marketing; media; pata; philippines; recovery; regional; sars; se asia; singapore; tourism; tourism industry; travel
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        item: #74 of 5187
          id: cord-022266-nezgzovk
      author: Henderson, Joan C.
       title: Tourism and Health Crises
        date: 2009-11-16
       words: 7967
      flesch: 47
     summary: These circumstances could be a principal or secondary cause of tourism crises and indicate how certain classes of tourism crisis overlap as environmental and socio-cultural factors are also at work. Tourist health risks: Factors and forces which threaten the physical and psychological well-being of tourists.
    keywords: adventure; asia; countries; crisis; destinations; disease; dvt; health; industry; offi; passengers; risks; safety; sars; sex; tourism; tourists; travel; world
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        item: #75 of 5187
          id: cord-022316-mh4pslnv
      author: Breda, Zélia
       title: Safety and Security Issues Affecting Inbound Tourism in the People's Republic of China
        date: 2009-11-16
       words: 9169
      flesch: 49
     summary: After almost 40 years of strict restrictions on travel between the two divided states, the ban on travel via a third country was finally lifted in 1987, allowing Taiwan residents to enter mainland China for the purpose of visiting families. Despite this rapid recovery, the Qiandao Lake tragedy might have caused a long-term impact, similar to the one Tiananmen Square massacre had on the people of Hong Kong, which deeply affected the perception of mainland China, thus strengthening general feelings for independence.
    keywords: arrivals; china; chinese; country; crime; growth; impact; industry; people; safety; sars; security; taiwan; tourism; tourists; travel; travelers; world
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        item: #76 of 5187
          id: cord-022473-l4jniccw
      author: Wilder-Smith, Annelies
       title: As Travel Medicine Practitioner during the SARS Outbreak in Singapore
        date: 2009-11-16
       words: 2889
      flesch: 70
     summary: I followed up all imported cases of SARS, and all incoming flights to Singapore with SARS cases on board. Multivariate analysis showed that asymptomatic SARS was associated with lower SARS antibody titers and higher use of masks compared to SARS that presented with pneumonia.
    keywords: cases; healthcare; hospital; outbreak; sars; singapore
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        item: #77 of 5187
          id: cord-022776-fz7m177w
      author: Wong, S.F.
       title: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome and pregnancy
        date: 2003-12-22
       words: 1464
      flesch: 52
     summary: It may be associated with miscarriage in early pregnancy (as occurred in four of the five Hong Kong patients admitted in early pregnancy), fetal distress, intrauterine growth restriction and intrauterine death. However, there are concerns about its use in early pregnancy.
    keywords: infection; patients; pregnancy; sars
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        item: #78 of 5187
          id: cord-023140-ytal7wog
      author: Henderson, Joan C.
       title: Responding to crisis: severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and hotels in Singapore
        date: 2004-12-09
       words: 3950
      flesch: 43
     summary: Crisis management planning thus emerges as an essential responsibility of the tourism industry as a whole and it is hoped that this account has contributed to the debate about the principles of crisis management within a tourism context whilst also illuminating good practice in the hotel sector. Further health‐related crises seem inevitable in the modern world and some guidelines for dealing with these are proposed, based on the Singapore experience and an existing framework for tourism crisis management.
    keywords: crisis; disaster; health; hotels; industry; management; sars; singapore; stb; tourism; virus
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        item: #79 of 5187
          id: cord-023463-vr6uaw3a
      author: Liu, Wei
       title: Risk factors for SARS infection among hospital healthcare workers in Beijing: a case control study
        date: 2009-06-05
       words: 3870
      flesch: 43
     summary: Conclusions This study highlighted activities associated with increased and decreased risk for SARS infection during close contact with SARS patients. As found in univariate analysis, early contact with SARS patients increased the ORs of SARS infection significantly.
    keywords: contact; control; infection; mask; risk; sars
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        item: #80 of 5187
          id: cord-023473-ofwdzu5t
      author: Tan, Wei‐Jiat
       title: Managing threats in the global era: The impact and response to SARS
        date: 2006-06-26
       words: 8239
      flesch: 46
     summary: AIB Newsletter, Fourth Quarter Responding to new environmental uncertainties: Terrorism and SARS in the global business environment Deadly virus-The economic toll: Delayed deliveries, closed factories, and the spectre of recession Teleconference business up as SARS fuels demand Our future with SARS SARS test. National and International Perspectives United Nations Toward the flexible form: How to remain vital in hypercompetitive environments Executives in Singapore chafe at SARS-related travel bans China's handling of SARS virus concerns investors-New leadership's image suffers amid signs Beijing failed in crisis management
    keywords: asia; business; china; crisis; environment; events; firms; impact; management; planning; risk; sars; supply; uncertainty; world
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        item: #81 of 5187
          id: cord-023488-jf2xl3vl
      author: Le Duc, James W.
       title: Emerging Viral Diseases: Why We Need to Worry about Bats, Camels, and Airplanes
        date: 2016-02-12
       words: 9387
      flesch: 46
     summary: Even though the era of modern virology has been well established for more than 65 years, virus diseases continue to appear or reemerge. Ebola virus disease in West Africa-The first 9 months of the epidemic and forward projections Gene loss and adaptation to hominids underlie the ancient origin of HIV-1 Sharp PM AIDS as a zoonosis: scientific and public health implications Nef proteins of epidemic HIV-1 group O strains antagonize human tetherin Vif proteins from diverse primate lentiviral lineages use the same binding site in APOBEC3G The origins of AIDS Origins of HIV and the AIDS pandemic
    keywords: africa; agent; cases; disease; ebola; emergence; host; human; infections; influenza; new; outbreak; pandemic; population; species; spread; virus; viruses
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        item: #82 of 5187
          id: cord-023510-gd4phncm
      author: Chuo, Hsin-You
       title: Theme Park Visitors’ Responses to the SARS Outbreak in Taiwan
        date: 2007-05-02
       words: 5266
      flesch: 42
     summary: Most SARS cases have occurred in Mainland China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, and Canada. Mainland China reported the largest number of SARS infections (5,327) and deaths (348), followed by Hong Kong (1,755; 298) and Taiwan (671; 84) (CDC, 2003; WHO, 2003c) .
    keywords: outbreak; parks; respondents; risk; sars; sars outbreak; taiwan; theme; theme parks; tourism
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        item: #83 of 5187
          id: cord-023862-fakapdcc
      author: Dinman, Jonathan D.
       title: Programmed –1 Ribosomal Frameshifting in SARS Coronavirus
        date: 2009-07-22
       words: 3785
      flesch: 46
     summary: Construction of a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infectious cDNA clone and a replicon to study coronavirus RNA synthesis Towards a genetic dissection of the basis of triplet decoding, and its natural subversion: programmed reading frame shifts and hops Recoding: translational bifurcations in gene expression Programmed ribosomal frameshifting in decoding the SARS-CoV genome A -1 ribosomal frameshift element that requires base pairing across four kilobases suggests a mechanism of regulating ribosome and replicase traffic on a viral RNA Completion of the sequence of the genome of the coronavirus avian infectious bronchitis virus Ribosomal frameshifting on viral RNAs An efficient ribosomal frame-shifting signal in the polymerase-encoding region of the coronavirus IBV Characterization of an efficient coronavirus ribosomal frameshifting signal: requirement for an RNA pseudoknot Mutational analysis of the RNA pseudoknot component of a coronavirus ribosomal frameshifting signal Expression of a coronavirus ribosomal frameshift signal in Escherichia coli: influence of tRNA anticodon modification on frameshifting Ribosomal frameshifting in yeast viruses Regulation of Termination and Recoding Ribosomal frameshifting efficiency and Gag/Gag-pol ratio are critical for yeast M 1 double-stranded RNA virus propagation Translating old drugs into new treatments: identifying compounds that modulate programmed À1 ribosomal frameshifting and function as potential antiviral agents Programmed translational frameshifting SARS coronavirus: a new challenge for prevention and therapy Expression of the Rous Sarcoma Virus pol gene by ribosomal frameshifting Signals for ribosomal frameshifting in the Rous Sarcoma Virus gag-pol region Characterization of ribosomal frameshifting in HIV-1 gag-pol expression A rare tRNA-Arg(CCU) that regulates Ty1 element ribosomal frameshifting is essential for Ty1 retrotransposition in Saccharomyces cerevisiae SARS virus: the beginning of the unraveling of a new coronavirus The three transfer RNAs occupying the A, P and E sites on the ribosome are involved in viral programmed -1 ribosomal frameshift Phylogenomics and bioinformatics of SARS-CoV The genome sequence of the SARS-Associated Coronavirus A mechanical explanation of RNA pseudoknot function in programmed ribosomal frameshifting Comparative study of the effects of heptameric slippry site composition on À1 frameshifting among different translational assay systems The 9-angstrom solution: how mRNA pseudoknots promote efficient programmed À1 ribosomal frameshifting A three-stemmed mRNA pseudoknot in the SARS coronavirus frameshift signal Programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting in the SARS coronavirus Characterization of a novel Coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Unique and conserved features of genome and proteome of SARScoronavirus, an early split-off from the coronavirus group 2 lineage SARS-beginning to understand a new virus An atypical RNA pseudoknot stimulator and an upstream attenuation signal for -1 ribosomal frameshifting of SARS coronavirus mRNA helicase activity of the ribosome Mechanisms and enzymes involved in SARS coronavirus genome expression Identification and characterization of a unique ribosomal frameshifting signal in SARS-CoV ORF3a E. coli ribosomes re-phase on retroviral frameshift signals at rates ranging from 2 to 50 percent Prions and RNA viruses of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Reverse genetics with a full-length infectious cDNA of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Acknowledgments The rapid emergence and severity of the SARS-associated coronavirus led to the sharing of unpublished information at conferences and meetings which, in turn, added vigor to the field. PRF signals.
    keywords: cov; frameshifting; prf; ribosomal; sars
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        item: #84 of 5187
          id: cord-023865-6rafp3x3
      author: Surjit, Milan
       title: The Nucleocapsid Protein of the SARS Coronavirus: Structure, Function and Therapeutic Potential
        date: 2009-07-22
       words: 9217
      flesch: 36
     summary: Another study done by Wang et al. (2005) has attempted to use plasmid DNA expressing S, M, and N proteins as an efficient vaccine candidate. A bound to the amino-terminal domain of HIV-1 capsid Effects of a SARS-associated coronavirus vaccine in monkeys The nucleocapsid protein of SARS-CoV induces transcription of hfgl2 prothrombinase gene dependent on C/EBP alpha Activation of AP-1 signal transduction pathway by SARS coronavirus nucleocapsid protein Analysis of multimerization of the SARS coronavirus nucleocapsid protein Characterization of monoclonal antibody against SARS coronavirus nucleocapsid antigen and development of an antigen capture ELISA Assembly of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus RNA packaging signal into virus-like particles is nucleocapsid dependent Chronological evolution of IgM, IgA, IgG and neutralisation antibodies after infection with SARS-associated coronavirus Structure of the N-terminal RNA-binding domain of the SARS CoV nucleocapsid protein Generation and characterization of DNA vaccines targeting the nucleocapsid protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus open reading frame (ORF) 3b, ORF 6, and nucleocapsid proteins function as interferon antagonists Mass spectrometric characterization of proteins from the SARS Virus: a preliminary report Characterization of F-actin bundling activity of Tetrahymena elongation factor 1 alpha investigated with rabbit skeletal muscle actin Extremely low exposure of a community to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus: false seropositivity due to use of bacterially derived antigens Sumoylation of the nucleocapsid protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Detection of the nucleocapsid protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in serum: comparison with results of other viral markers SARS patients-derived human recombinant antibodies to S and M proteins efficiently neutralize SARS-coronavirus infectivity Activation of NF-kappaB by the full-length nucleocapsid protein of the SARS coronavirus The C-terminal portion of the nucleocapsid protein demonstrates SARS-CoV antigenicity High-yield expression of recombinant SARS coronavirus nucleocapsid protein in methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris Immunofluorescence assay for detection of the nucleocapsid antigen of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-associated coronavirus in cells derived from throat wash samples of patients with SARS Immunological characterizations of the nucleocapsid protein based SARS vaccine candidates Nucleocapsid protein of SARS coronavirus tightly binds to human cyclophilin A In vitro biochemical and thermodynamic characterization of nucleocapsid protein of SARS The nucleocapsid protein of SARS coronavirus has a high binding affinity to the human cellular heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 Carboxyl terminus of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus nucleocapsid protein: self-association analysis and nucleic acid binding characterization Lung pathology of fatal severe acute respiratory syndrome Nucleophosmin/B23 is a target of CDK2/cyclin E in centrosome duplication Protective humoral responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus: implications for the design of an effective protein-based vaccine Expression of SARS-coronavirus nucleocapsid protein in Escherichia coli and Lactococcus lactis for serodiagnosis and mucosal vaccination Use of the COOH portion of the nucleocapsid protein in an antigen-capturing enzymelinked immunosorbent assay for specific and sensitive detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Smad3 is key to TGF-beta-mediated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, fibrosis, tumor suppression and metastasis Characterization of a novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Intracellular localization of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus nucleocapsid protein: absence of nucleolar accumulation during infection and after expression as a recombinant protein in vero cells Recombinant nucleocapsid protein-based IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the serological diagnosis of SARS Characterization and application of monoclonal antibodies against N protein of SARScoronavirus Antigenic characterization of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus nucleocapsid protein expressed in insect cells: The effect of phosphorlation on immunoreactivity and specificity Inhibition of beta interferon induction by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus suggests a two-step model for activation of interferon regulatory factor 3 Antigenic cross-reactivity between the nucleocapsid protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus and polyclonal antisera of antigenic group I animal coronaviruses: implication for SARS diagnosis The nucleocapsid protein of the SARS coronavirus is capable of self-association through a C-terminal 209 amino acid interaction domain The SARS coronavirus nucleocapsid protein induces actin reorganization and apoptosis in COS-1 cells in the absence of growth factors The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus nucleocapsid protein is phosphorylated and localizes in the cytoplasm by 14-3-3-mediated translocation The nucleocapsid protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus inhibits the activity of cyclin-cyclin-dependent kinase complex and blocks S phase progression in mammalian cells Nuclear/nucleolar localization properties of C-terminal nucleocapsid protein of SARS coronavirus Specific phosphorylation of nucleophosmin on Thr(199) by cyclin-dependent kinase 2-cyclin E and its role in centrosome duplication Direct sequencing of SARScoronavirus S and
    keywords: activity; binding; cells; coronavirus; cov; et al; infection; interaction; nucleocapsid; protein; rna; sars; specific; syndrome
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        item: #85 of 5187
          id: cord-023867-ti4b03lh
      author: Zuo, Wei
       title: SARS Coronavirus and Lung Fibrosis
        date: 2009-07-22
       words: 4282
      flesch: 41
     summary: The typical clinical feature associated with SARS is diffuse alveolar damage in lung, and lung fibrosis is evident in patients who died from this disease. The mechanisms by which SARS-CoV infection causes lung fibrosis are not fully understood, but transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)-mediated lung fibrosis are among the most documented ones.
    keywords: ace2; ang; cov; fibrosis; lung; protein; sars; tgf
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        item: #86 of 5187
          id: cord-023871-9vi0m378
      author: Mizutani, Tetsuya
       title: Signaling Pathways of SARS-CoV In Vitro and In Vivo
        date: 2009-07-22
       words: 6804
      flesch: 41
     summary: Akt signaling pathways are required for establishing persistent SARS-CoV infection in Vero E6 cells Regulation of p90RSK phosphorylation by SARS-CoV infection in Vero E6 cells Characterization of persistent SARS-CoV infection in Vero E6 cells Inhibition of Cell Proliferation by SARS-CoV infection in Vero E6 cells Mechanisms of establishment of persistent SARS-CoV-infected cells Enhancement of cytotoxicity against Vero E6 cells persistently infected with SARS-CoV by Mycoplasma fermentans Constitutive activation of Stat3 in human prostate tumors and cell lines: direct inhibition of Stat3 signaling induces apoptosis of prostate cancer cells Cytokine regulation in SARS coronavirus infection compared to other respiratory virus infections Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 3a protein activates the mitochondrial death pathway through p38 MAP kinase activation Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome The severe acute respiratory syndrome mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway and its role in interferon signaling Identification of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Canada ORF61 Protein of Varicella-Zoster Virus Influences JNK/SAPK and p38/MAPK Phosphorylation Multiple routes to astrocytic differentiation in the CNS Apoptosis induced by the SARS-associated coronavirus in Vero cells is replication-dependent and involves caspase Ribosomal S6 kinase 1 (RSK1) activation requires signals dependent on and independent of the MAP kinase ERK Characterization of a novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Unravelling the activation mechanisms of protein kinase B/Akt Activation of transcription by IFNgamma: tyrosine phosphorylation of a 91-kD DNA binding protein Interferon-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation of a latent cytoplasmic transcription factor MyD88 is required for protection from lethal infection with a mouse-adapted SARS-CoV A single phosphotyrosine residue of Stat91 required for gene activation by interferon-gamma Interferon activation of the transcription factor Stat91 involves dimerization through SH2-phosphotyrosyl peptide interactions Protein kinase R (PKR) interacts with and activates mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 6 (MKK6) in response to double-stranded RNA stimulation Identification of an extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) docking site in ribosomal S6 kinase, a sequence critical for activation by ERK in vivo Role of p38 MAPK and RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR) in Hepatitis C virus core-dependent nuclear delocalization of Cyclin B1 Japanese encephalitis virus infection initiates endoplasmic reticulum stress and an unfolded protein response The SARS coronavirus nucleocapsid (N) protein induces actin reorganization and apoptosis in COS-1 cells The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus nucleocapsid protein is phosphorylated and localizes in the cytoplasm by 14-3-3-mediated translocation The nucleocapsid protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus inhibits the activity of cyclin-cyclin-dependent kinase complex and blocks S phase progression in mammalian cells FGF and stress regulate CREB and ATF-1 via a pathway involving p38 MAP kinase and MAPKAP kinase-2 Induction of apoptosis by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 7a protein is dependent on its interaction with the Bcl-XL protein Mechanisms and enzymes involved in SARS coronavirus genome expression Analysis of cell apoptosis in SARS patients is key to understanding the signaling pathways that regulate apoptosis.
    keywords: apoptosis; cells; cov; et al; infection; kinase; mapk; p38; protein; sars; signaling; vero
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        item: #87 of 5187
          id: cord-023875-5mu5ra29
      author: Keng, Choong-Tat
       title: Molecular and Biochemical Characterization of the SARS-CoV Accessory Proteins ORF8a, ORF8b and ORF8ab
        date: 2009-07-22
       words: 5237
      flesch: 37
     summary: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-like virus in Chinese horseshoe bats The 3a protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus induces apoptosis in Vero E6 cells Expression and functional characterization of the putative protein 8b of the severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus Expression, posttranslational modification and biochemical characterization of proteins encoded by subgenomic mRNA8 of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Laboratory diagnosis of four recent sporadic cases of community-acquired SARS Internal entry of ribosomes on a tricistronic mRNA encoded by infectious bronchitis virus Phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and its downstream targets in SARS coronavirus-infected cells Efficient assembly and release of SARS coronavirus-like particles by a heterologous expression system SARS coronavirus accessory proteins The 29-nucleotide deletion present in human but not in animal severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses disrupts the functional expression of open reading frame 8 The severe acute respiratory syndrome The aetiology, origins, and diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome Recurrent mutations associated with isolation and passage of SARS coronavirus in cells from non-human primates A genome sequence of novel SARS-CoV isolates: the genotype Apoptosis induced by the SARS-associated coronavirus in Vero cells is replication-dependent and involves caspase Bovine coronavirus I protein synthesis follows ribosomal scanning on the bicistronic N mRNA Unique and conserved features of genome and proteome of SARS-coronavirus, an early split-off from the coronavirus group 2 lineage Cross-host evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in palm civet and human Cellular internal ribosome entry segments: structures, trans-acting factors and regulation of gene expression Overexpression of 7a, a protein specifically encoded by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, induces apoptosis via a caspase-dependent pathway Characterization of viral proteins encoded by the SARScoronavirus genome Understanding the accessory viral proteins unique to the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus Regulation of cell death during infection by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and other coronaviruses Molecular evolution of the SARS coronavirus during the course of the SARS epidemic in China Internal ribosome entry in the coding region of murine hepatitis virus mRNA 5 Analysis of intraviral protein-protein interactions of the SARS coronavirus ORFeome Molecular evolution and multilocus sequence typing of 145 strains of SARS-CoV Pathology of the thyroid in severe acute respiratory syndrome Civets are equally susceptible to experimental infection by two different severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus isolates SARS coronavirus induces apoptosis in Vero E6 cells Bcl-xL inhibits T-cell apoptosis induced by expression of SARS coronavirus E protein in the absence of growth factors A SARS-CoV protein, ORF-6, induces Caspase-3 mediated, ER stress and JNK dependent apoptosis Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus group-specific open reading frames encode nonessential functions for replication in cell cultures and mice G0/G1 arrest and apoptosis induced by SARS-CoV 3b protein in transfected cells SARS molecular epidemiology: a Chinese fairy tale of controlling an emerging zoonotic disease in the genomics era In our laboratory, we have been successful in detecting the expression of ORF8a and ORF8b in SARS-CoV infected Vero E6 cells that were infected with an isolate from a SARS patient in Singapore (SARS CoV 2003VA2774) (Keng et al. 2006 ).
    keywords: acute; coronavirus; cov; et al; human; orf8b; proteins; sars
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        item: #88 of 5187
          id: cord-023888-w2sbyfy2
      author: Beniac, Daniel R.
       title: Structural Molecular Insights into SARS Coronavirus Cellular Attachment, Entry and Morphogenesis
        date: 2009-07-22
       words: 4357
      flesch: 47
     summary: Viral membrane fusion proteins are responsible both for binding to cellular receptors, and the subsequent fusion of viral and cellular membranes. Fusion proteins are mainly responsible for host cell receptor recognition and subsequent membrane fusion, and may perform other roles such as virus assembly and release via budding.
    keywords: ace2; binding; cov; fusion; membrane; receptor; sars; spike
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        item: #89 of 5187
          id: cord-024020-6opgzgcj
      author: Jia, Hongpeng
       title: Sustained research fund and dedicated research center for preparing next pandemic
        date: 2020-04-11
       words: 1850
      flesch: 36
     summary: If we have only had a tiny fraction of this funding but sustainable, humans will have more weapons to combat this type of emerging diseases. There is no sustained funding available for continued research into the disease pathogenesis and development of tools for diagnosis, prevention, and treatment.
    keywords: diseases; funding; pandemic; research; sars
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        item: #90 of 5187
          id: cord-024080-eh3ztsv5
      author: Dheda, Keertan
       title: Diagnosis of COVID-19: Considerations, Controversies and Challenges in South Africa
        date: 2020-04-17
       words: 3958
      flesch: 35
     summary: (6, 7) In early disease, procalcitonin may distinguish COVID-19 from bacterial infections but not from other viral diseases (data are awaited to confirm this supposition). Clinical and laboratory parameters that may suggest viral infection may include pyrexia, acute malaise and myalgia, and lymphopenia.
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; disease; infection; patients; pcr; sars; symptoms; testing
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        item: #91 of 5187
          id: cord-024100-lk67yfrp
      author: Plewczynski, Dariusz
       title: In Silico Prediction of SARS Protease Inhibitors by Virtual High Throughput Screening
        date: 2007-04-24
       words: 2416
      flesch: 35
     summary: In conclusion, a series of lead compounds as potential SARS protease inhibitors have been preliminarily identified using a structurebased in silico virtual drug discovery approach. However, it is stressed that no MPD analogs have yet been reported to date relative to SARS protease inhibitor drug discovery (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (30) (31) (32) (33) (34) .
    keywords: database; drug; inhibitors; protease; protein; sars; structure
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        item: #92 of 5187
          id: cord-024130-kgzegwon
      author: Ankita
       title: COVID-19: An Ophthalmological Update
        date: 2020-04-30
       words: 2851
      flesch: 46
     summary: According to a recently published literature on COVID-19 conjunctivitis, tear sample and conjunctival swab are reported to be positive for the novel coronavirus. The treatment of COVID-19 conjunctivitis is an ongoing research (National Institutes of Health 2020).
    keywords: care; conjunctival; conjunctivitis; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; patients
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        item: #93 of 5187
          id: cord-024133-zv0ysi8m
      author: Saxena, Shailendra K.
       title: Current Insight into the Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
        date: 2020-04-30
       words: 2227
      flesch: 39
     summary: pii: eaba9757 Discovering drugs to treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Illinois COVID-19 Investigation Team (2020) First known person-to-person transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in the USA Estimated effectiveness of symptom and risk screening to prevent the spread of COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor Identification of coronavirus isolated from a patient in Korea with COVID-19 Structural, glycosylation and antigenic variation between 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) and SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) Molecular immune pathogenesis and diagnosis of COVID-19 Ye F (2020b) Development and clinical application of a rapid IgM-IgG combined antibody test for SARS-CoV-2 infection diagnosis Safety and immunogenicity study of 2019-nCoV vaccine (mRNA-1273) to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection Veesler D (2020) However, extensive measures have been implemented by outstanding public health action to reduce person-to-person transmission of SARS-CoV-2 ( Fig. 1.2 ).
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; sars
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        item: #94 of 5187
          id: cord-024317-w1ep0wq8
      author: Ku, Zhiqiang
       title: Antibody therapies for the treatment of COVID-19
        date: 2020-04-30
       words: 2223
      flesch: 34
     summary: The New England journal of medicine 2016 Use of convalescent plasma therapy in SARS patients in Hong Kong. Figure angiotensin-converting enzyme 2; Fc: crystallizable fragment; ADE: antibody-dependent enhancement; PK: Pharmacokinetics; PD: pharmacodynamics; IL-6: Interleukine 6. SARS and MERS: recent insights into emerging coronaviruses The proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2 Origin and evolution of pathogenic coronaviruses The spike protein of SARS-CoV--a target for vaccine and therapeutic development Structure of the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain bound to the ACE2 receptor Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 is a functional receptor for the emerging human coronavirus-EMC Structure, Function, and Evolution of Coronavirus Spike Proteins.
    keywords: antibodies; coronavirus; covid-19; infection; protein; sars; spike
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        item: #95 of 5187
          id: cord-024319-isbqs7hg
      author: Zeng, Xin
       title: Isolation of a human monoclonal antibody specific for the receptor binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 using a competitive phage biopanning strategy
        date: 2020-04-30
       words: 3061
      flesch: 50
     summary: Sera from SARS-CoV S-immunized mice, not rabbits or SARS recovered patients, showed modest neutralization activity against SARS-CoV-2 [6, 11] , while sera from COVID-19 recovered patients had no effect on SARS pseudovirus [11] . The wells were washed and blocked with 1% PVA, and then the mixture of antibody library (1×10 10 pfu per well) and free RBD-His protein (100ng per well) was added.
    keywords: ace2; antibodies; antibody; binding; biopanning; cov-2; rbd; sars
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        item: #96 of 5187
          id: cord-024613-yump76qu
      author: Wu, Chunxing
       title: Recommendations for control and prevention of infections for pediatric orthopedics during the epidemic period of COVID-19
        date: 2020-04-23
       words: 3820
      flesch: 39
     summary: Pediatric orthopedic patients and accompanying personnel. Suspected patient: with a history of epidemiology and/or related symptoms, the patient should be transferred to the fever clinic in the isolation building for screening and diagnosis.
    keywords: control; coronavirus; covid-19; infection; patient; prevention; protection; sars
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        item: #97 of 5187
          id: cord-024614-6bu3zo01
      author: Tang, Daxing
       title: Prevention and control strategies for emergency, limited-term, and elective operations in pediatric surgery during the epidemic period of COVID-19
        date: 2020-03-26
       words: 5846
      flesch: 38
     summary: Pneumonia diagnosis and treatment plan for new coronavirus infection (trial version 5 revision) (in Chinese Announcement of National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China Perioperative prevention and control strategies for surgical patients in the context of new coronavirus pneumonia (in Chinese) Consensus on emergency surgery and infection prevention and control for severe trauma patients with 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia For pediatric patients that cry more often and do not cooperate, appropriate sedation can be applied before surgery to reduce the risk of transmission of saliva and droplet.
    keywords: children; control; coronavirus; covid-19; epidemic; infection; medical; operation; patients; prevention; protection; surgery
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        item: #98 of 5187
          id: cord-024649-y7nqz6vk
      author: Bösel, J.
       title: Neurologische Auswirkungen von COVID-19
        date: 2020-05-11
       words: 3040
      flesch: 34
     summary: Die Vorstellungen von Die Inaktivierung von ACE2 durch Virusbindung könnte so möglicherweise diesen Prozessen Vorschub leisten.
    keywords: ace2; als; auch; auf; aus; bei; bzw; covid-19; das; den; der; des; die; durch; eine; für; ist; mit; neurologischen; nicht; oder; patienten; patients; sars; sich; sind; und; von; werden; wie
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        item: #99 of 5187
          id: cord-024786-f33eb1nf
      author: van Rensburg, V
       title: Current evidence for directed and supportive investigational therapies against COVID-19
        date: 2020-04-24
       words: 4419
      flesch: 41
     summary: Nevertheless, owing to the possibility of potential harm by corticosteroids in viral infections, the WHO recommends against the routine use of corticosteroids in COVID-19 patients, unless used with caution for other indications where there are supportive data, such as sepsis and acute exacerbations of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or as part of clinical trials. A retrospective cohort study Clinical features and treatment of COVID-19 patients in northeast Chongqing Potential interventions for novel coronavirus in China: A systematic review A trial of lopinavir-ritonavir in adults hospitalized with severe Covid-19 A randomized, controlled trial of Ebola virus disease therapeutics Therapeutic efficacy of the small molecule GS-5734 against Ebola virus in rhesus monkeys Compassionate use of remdesivir for patients with severe Covid-19 Influenza virus polymerase inhibitors in clinical development Pharmacokinetics and concerns about clinical trials for 2019-nCoV infection Superheroes in autoimmune warfare: Biologic therapies in current SA practice The cytokine release syndrome (CRS) of severe COVID-19 and interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) antagonist tocilizumab may be the key to reduce the mortality Severe acute respiratory syndrome and the innate immune responses: Modulation of effector cell function without productive infection Bioinformatics analysis on molecular mechanism of ribavirin and interferon-α in treating MERS-CoV COVID-19: Consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression Anti-IL6R role in treatment of COVID-19-related ARDS Tocilizumab treatment in COVID-19: A single-center experience First case of COVID-19 in a patient with multiple myeloma successfully treated with tocilizumab Tocilizumab, an anti-IL6 receptor antibody, to treat Covid-19-related respiratory failure: A case report Rapid and severe Covid-19 pneumonia with severe acute chest syndrome in a sickle-cell patient successfully treated with tocilizumab Off-label use of tocilizumab in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection Systematic review of treatment effects Corticosteroids as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of influenza The influence of corticosteroid treatment on the outcome of influenza A(H1N1pdm09)-related critical illness Early administration of oral oseltamivir increases the benefits of influenza treatment Temperature-sensitive mutants of influenza virus.
    keywords: covid-19; disease; hcq; patients; study; treatment; trials; use
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        item: #100 of 5187
          id: cord-024989-0o6agnrc
      author: Li, Qihao
       title: Prediction and analysis of key protein structures of 2019-nCoV
        date: 2020-05-12
       words: 3294
      flesch: 52
     summary: Materials & methods: We obtained the structure and sequence of proteins from related databases and studied them through multiple sequence alignment, homology modeling, sequence analysis, virtual screening, reverse mutation, protein structure overlap and surface property analysis. We entered the amino acid sequence and selected the protein structure of the amino acid sequence with the highest homology to the input sequence as a template, which has been experimentally determined for protein structure.
    keywords: ace2; amino; bat; ncov; protein; sars; sequence; structure
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        item: #101 of 5187
          id: cord-025119-201ac32t
      author: Salman, Saad
       title: Virtual screening of immunomodulatory medicinal compounds as promising anti-SARS-COV-2 inhibitors
        date: 2020-05-21
       words: 3148
      flesch: 32
     summary: It was observed that, among these medicinal compounds, only six compounds showed promising interaction with the active site of SARS proteins as summarized in Table 1 and molecularly represented in Figure 1 and Supplementary Figures 1, 3 , 5 and 7, respectively. Among these agents, medicinal compounds are promising drug candidates for SARS-COV-2, as they are known for their antiviral and immunomodulatory activity since medieval times and some of them are well studied
    keywords: compounds; cov-2; docking; drug; interaction; proteins; sars; site; toxicity
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        item: #102 of 5187
          id: cord-025129-ry85kv9q
      author: Kashyap, Uddip
       title: Enhanced Design of PPE Based on Electrostatic Principle to Eliminate Viruses (SARS-CoV-2)
        date: 2020-05-23
       words: 3095
      flesch: 56
     summary: Moreover, there could be a severe issue of high voltage hazard and electrical corona, if high voltage positive charge is used continuously near the patient. To sanitize the PPE before and after the use, high voltage positive charges will be created over the modified metallic surface using a charging unit, which is installed remotely in an open space.
    keywords: charge; et al; field; sars; surface
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        item: #103 of 5187
          id: cord-025251-evnfvc0l
      author: Nemunaitis, John
       title: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection: let the virus be its own demise
        date: 2020-05-26
       words: 7329
      flesch: 30
     summary: Halstead et al., also showed how GM-CSF overexpression after IV virus infection in a GM-CSF transgene mouse model prevents mortality Relationship of GM-CSF to immune response activation against cancer and viral infection is well described [71]
    keywords: alveolar; cell; cleavage; cov-2; csf; delivery; dna; expression; furin; immune; infection; influenza; lung; macrophage; patients; pulmonary; response; sars; virus
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        item: #104 of 5187
          id: cord-025623-1v9614f8
      author: Mahapatra, Pallab Sinha
       title: Surface Treatments to Enhance the Functionality of PPEs
        date: 2020-05-29
       words: 2038
      flesch: 39
     summary: (2010) fabricated antibacterial cotton fibers using silver nanoparticle coatings. Over the last few decades, considerable research effort was made to incorporate antimicrobial coatings on the surfaces of various objects, such as garments and medical devices.
    keywords: coatings; sars; surface; tio; virus
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        item: #105 of 5187
          id: cord-025794-ckrclrwz
      author: None
       title: Mitteilungen der ÖGKJ
        date: 2020-06-02
       words: 915
      flesch: 48
     summary: In der Zeit der Pandemie profitieren Neugeborene nochmals mehr von den immunologischen Eigenschaften der Muttermilch. Termine aufgeschoben werden, oder Therapien nicht fortgesetzt werden, desto höher ist das Risiko von Hospitalisierungen dieser PatientInnen, mitunter auch eines steigenden Bedarfes von intensiv-medizinischer Betreuung aufgrund ihrer Grunderkrankung.
    keywords: das; der; die; eine; für; ist; nicht; und; von; werden
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        item: #106 of 5187
          id: cord-025948-6dsx7pey
      author: Maitra, Arindam
       title: Mutations in SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA identified in Eastern India: Possible implications for the ongoing outbreak in India and impact on viral structure and host susceptibility
        date: 2020-06-04
       words: 7221
      flesch: 48
     summary: Viral RNA sequences obtained from two samples S11 and S12 shared all mutations except a V32L mutation at ORF8 harboured by S11 and not by S12. The sequencing reads obtained in shotgun RNA-Seq experiment were mapped to reference viral sequence, variants detected and consensus sequence for each sample built using Dragen RNA pathogen detection software (version 9) in BaseSpace (Illumina Inc, USA).
    keywords: binding; chain; clade; cov-2; d614; genome; india; mirnas; mutations; protein; rna; samples; sars; sequences
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        item: #107 of 5187
          id: cord-025980-85jbwmfv
      author: Iwasaki, Sumio
       title: Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 detection in nasopharyngeal swab and saliva
        date: 2020-06-04
       words: 627
      flesch: 45
     summary: Saliva is a reliable tool to detect SARS-CoV-2 Functional assessment of cell entry and receptor usage for SARS-CoV-2 and other lineage B betacoronaviruses Consistent detection of 2019 novel coronavirus in saliva Temporal profiles of viral load in posterior oropharyngeal saliva samples and serum antibody responses during infection by SARS-CoV-2: an observational cohort study Saliva is more sensitive for SARS-CoV-2 detectionin COVID-19 patients than nasopharyngeal swabs. Nasopharyngeal swab and saliva samples were simultaneously collected from patients suspicious of COVID-19 and those with the diagnosis of COVID-19.
    keywords: nasopharyngeal; saliva
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        item: #108 of 5187
          id: cord-026099-97luq10a
      author: Kok, J
       title: Response to correspondence received on our paper:Interpret with caution: an evaluation of the commercial AusDiagnostics versus in-house developed assays for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus
        date: 2020-06-05
       words: 763
      flesch: 42
     summary: False positive results of other AusDiagnostics assays using the same methodology have been previously attributed to incorrectly calibrated equipment and poor quality power supply [Meunier] . As Stanley correctly points out, it is important that diagnostic assays have high sensitivity in order to detect all persons with suspected COVID-19 and limit further transmission of infection.
    keywords: assay; cov-2; sars
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        item: #109 of 5187
          id: cord-026111-pb3r74uq
      author: Thede, Christian
       title: Mögliche Therapiestrategien bei Covid-19-Erkrankungen mit chinesischen Arzneimitteln
        date: 2020-06-05
       words: 7621
      flesch: 44
     summary: (Qi des Fk Lunge, feiqi), mehrere weitere Arzneien bewirken die Umwandlung und Kanalisierung von humor (Feuchtigkeit, shi), unterstützt durch die Harmonisierung der Mitte durch Qi regulierende und verdauungsfördernde Ingredienzien. wird die Auffassung vertreten, dass in der Therapie der komplexe Charakter der Covid-19-Erkrankung berücksichtigt werden sollte.
    keywords: akkumulation; als; arzneien; auch; auf; aus; bei; bzw; calor; covid-19; das; dass; dekokt; dem; den; der; des; des qi; die; eine; erkrankung; feiqi; feuchtigkeit; für; herba; hitze; humor; ist; lunge; mit; mitte; pituita; pulmonale; qi pulmonale; radix; rhizoma; sars; schleim; semen; shi; tang; und; von; von humor; werden; wird; zur
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        item: #110 of 5187
          id: cord-026130-ki7bn67o
      author: Sharma, Anand Kumar
       title: Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)
        date: 2020-06-05
       words: 5082
      flesch: 56
     summary: The release of new viruses from the host cell is the final step of the virus infection cycle. The Coronaviridae Study Group (CSG) of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV), which is responsible for the classification and nomenclature of the family Coronaviridae, has assessed this virus as bat Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Viruses (SARS-CoVs) and designated it as SARS-CoV-2 [1-3].
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; people; sars; spread; symptoms; virus; viruses
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        item: #111 of 5187
          id: cord-026340-2nf97zvc
      author: Singh, Ranjana
       title: Chloroquine: A Potential Drug in the COVID-19 Scenario
        date: 2020-06-07
       words: 7557
      flesch: 47
     summary: Does CQ have anti-viral effects? This botanical has reported that anti-viral effect may aid to reduce the dose of CQ for prophylactic or therapeutic regimen.
    keywords: acid; activity; cell; chloroquine; coronavirus; cov2; covid-19; et al; hcq; host; infection; protein; sars; virus; viruses
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        item: #112 of 5187
          id: cord-026528-1ozgabwk
      author: Chen, Zhe
       title: Delivery method choice for COVID-19 pregnant women: stick to obstetric indications and avert anorectum contamination
        date: 2020-06-09
       words: 225
      flesch: 60
     summary: key: cord-026528-1ozgabwk authors: Chen, Zhe; Ma, Xiangyi; Wang, Shixuan title: Delivery method choice for COVID-19 pregnant women: stick to obstetric indications and avert anorectum contamination date: 2020-06-09 journal: Am J Obstet Gynecol DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.06.013 sha: doc_id: 26528 cord_uid: 1ozgabwk nan We stated that we did not find SARS-CoV-2 in lower female genital tract and our 18 results may provide evidence to guide the choice of delivery method for COVID-19 19 pregnant women.
    keywords: sars
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        item: #113 of 5187
          id: cord-026788-4d3r9rj8
      author: Singla, Vikas
       title: Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Manifestations of Coronavirus Disease 2019
        date: 2020-05-16
       words: 1956
      flesch: 45
     summary: The prevalence and severity of COVID-19 patients with the aforementioned diseases may be different. 23 Gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) and alkaline phosphatase may be elevated in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: covid-19; disease; liver; patients; sars
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        item: #114 of 5187
          id: cord-026792-jsqa4pmu
      author: Samanta, Jayanta
       title: 2019 Novel Coronavirus Infection: Gastrointestinal Manifestations
        date: 2020-05-16
       words: 3797
      flesch: 43
     summary: Data are not adequate yet to prove or disprove the theory of whether IBD patients are at an increased risk of infection in this COVID-19 era. The risk of SARS-CoV-2 in immunosuppressed IBD patients.
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; disease; ibd; infection; novel; patients; sars; symptoms
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        item: #115 of 5187
          id: cord-026803-p1o4qc1h
      author: Maddury, Jyotsna
       title: Need of the Hour— COVID-19 for Cardiologists
        date: 2020-04-16
       words: 1673
      flesch: 38
     summary: The main aim of this article is to summarize the available evidence of cardiac involvement in COVID-19 patients and outlay precautions to patients with underlying cardiovascular disease (CVD). Initial studies showed low association of chronic cardiac diseases (10%) in COVID-19 patients along with the acute cardiac injury accounting to 23%.
    keywords: covid-19; disease; heart; patients; sars
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        item: #116 of 5187
          id: cord-026806-pn4lwhr7
      author: Zargar, Showkat Ali
       title: Gastrointestinal Endoscopy during COVID: Do Some, Leave Most
        date: 2020-05-16
       words: 1500
      flesch: 43
     summary: We have to learn to live with such outbreaks of infectious disease. We live in global village and likely to face challenges of emergence and re-emergence of infectious disease in future because of environmental pollution, movement of refugees and immigrants, international travel, changing lifestyle, and behavior of the population.
    keywords: control; covid-19; disease; sars
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        item: #117 of 5187
          id: cord-026811-6bdzut3d
      author: Jha, Ashish K.
       title: Emerging Treatment and Prevention Strategies against COVID-19: A Brief Update
        date: 2020-05-16
       words: 2690
      flesch: 40
     summary: The FDA has issued guidance for use of COVID-19 convalescent plasma in patients with serious COVID-19. Limited evidence shows that COVID-19 convalescent plasma can be used as a treatment of COVID-19 without the occurrence of severe adverse events.
    keywords: convalescent; covid-19; hcq; patients; plasma; treatment; use
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        item: #118 of 5187
          id: cord-027253-wfmm7naa
      author: Nag, Pooja
       title: Optical Fiber Sensors for Rapid Screening of COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-19
       words: 1711
      flesch: 36
     summary: b Detection of IgG or IgM with immobilized specific proteins on gold nanoparticles/polyaniline nanofiberscoated optical fiber RNA aptamer-based sensitive detection of SARS coronavirus nucleocapsid protein Evanescent wave absorbance based fiber optic biosensor for label-free detection of E. coli at 280 nm wavelength Label free ultrasensitive optical sensor decorated with polyaniline nanofibers: Characterization and immunosensing application Hand-held optical sensor using denatured antibody coated electro-active polymer for ultra-trace detection of copper in blood serum and environmental samples Detection and differentiation of α-synuclein monomer and fibril by chitosan film coated nanogold array on optical sensor platform Development and clinical application of a rapid IgM-IgG combined antibody test for SARS-CoV-2 infection diagnosis Real-time tracking of self-reported symptoms to predict potential COVID-19 Beta-lactam antibiotics induced bacteriolysis on LSPR sensors for assessment of antimicrobial resistance and quantification of antibiotics Evanescent wave absorption based fiber-optic sensor-cascading of bend and tapered geometry for enhanced sensitivity, sensing technology: current status and future trends III LSPR based optical fiber sensor with chitosan capped gold nanoparticles on BSA for trace detection of Hg(II) in water, soil and food samples A novel nanobody targeting middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) receptor-binding domain has potent cross-neutralizing activity and protective efficacy against MERS-CoV Publisher's Note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations This report explores the possible approaches of development of a point of care, low-cost evanescent wave absorbance (EWA)-based optical fiber sensor for quick and specific diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: analyte; change; detection; fiber; sars
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        item: #119 of 5187
          id: cord-027309-8siz9rb8
      author: Paul, Debjani
       title: Developing a Point-of-Care Molecular Test to Detect SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-06-19
       words: 2269
      flesch: 44
     summary: Instead of using PCR to amplify DNA, which requires the use of a thermocycler, we used isothermal DNA amplification techniques that can be performed at a single temperature. We believe we can build on our past experience with isothermal DNA amplification techniques and paperfluidic devices to develop an isothermal amplification-based molecular diagnostic test for COVID-19 that can be deployed more easily.
    keywords: amplification; cov-2; dna; sars; tests
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        item: #120 of 5187
          id: cord-027499-mvqoarsh
      author: Navel, Valentin
       title: Coronavirus: good or bad news for ocular diseases?
        date: 2020-06-09
       words: 1397
      flesch: 34
     summary: Air pollution is a causative factor for various ocular surface complaints such as eye redness, irritation and blurring of vision, as well as various ocular diseases such as meibomian gland disease and dry eye disease, vernal keratoconjunctivitis, allergic conjunctivitis, retinal vein and artery occlusion, and glaucoma. The relationship between ambient atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and glaucoma in a large community cohort Corneal autophagy and ocular surface inflammation: a new perspective in dry eye Association of ambient particulate matter exposure with the incidence of glaucoma in childhood Incidence of retinal vein occlusion with long-term exposure to ambient air pollution Airborne nitrogen dioxide plummets over China Reductions in nitrogen dioxide associated with decreased fossil fuel use resulting from COVID-19 mitigation Air pollution remains low as Europeans stay at home Air pollution drops in India following lockdown Haemorrhagic conjunctivitis with pseudomembranous related to SARS-CoV-2 Prevalence of dry eye disease in visual display terminal workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis 2019-nCoV transmission through the ocular surface must not be ignored Evaluation of coronavirus in tears and conjunctival secretions of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection Ocular manifestations of a hospitalised patient with confirmed 2019 novel coronavirus disease The Ocular Surface and the Coronavirus Disease 2019:
    keywords: air; cov-2; patients; pollution; sars
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        item: #121 of 5187
          id: cord-027582-ygforvya
      author: Mermel, Leonard A.
       title: Disposition of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) whose respiratory specimens remain positive for severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by polymerase chain reaction assay (PCR)
        date: 2020-06-10
       words: 1421
      flesch: 34
     summary: Based on the aforementioned data, patients with COVID-19 infection who are beyond 9 days from symptom onset or beyond 9 days from the first SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive testing of a respiratory specimen in asymptomatic patients, should not undergo repeat SARS-CoV-2 PCR testing unless they are presenting several months after symptom onset or asymptomatic detection (ie, long enough time for possible reinfection), or they are otherwise severely immunocompromised. Immunocompetent patients with a SARS-CoV-2 PCRpositive respiratory specimen obtained >9 days after symptom onset, or first positive testing for asymptomatic patients, should be allowed to have procedures, surgical or otherwise, or to undergo testing as clinically indicated without the precautions used for patients with active COVID-19 infection unless they are presenting several months after either symptom onset or their initial positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR testing, or they are severely immunocompromised.
    keywords: cov-2; patients; pcr; sars
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        item: #122 of 5187
          id: cord-027649-6xn9swsq
      author: Addetia, Amin
       title: Identification of multiple large deletions in ORF7a resulting in in-frame gene fusions in clinical SARS-CoV-2 isolates
        date: 2020-06-23
       words: 453
      flesch: 27
     summary: We predict global sequencing projects may yield additional clinical SARS-CoV-2 isolates with deletions in ORF6 or ORF7a, but not both. Coast-to-Coast Spread of SARS-CoV-2 during the Early Epidemic in the United States Metagenomic analysis reveals clinical SARS-CoV-2 infection and bacterial or viral superinfection and colonization Rapid Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing during an Investigation of Hospital-Acquired Human Parainfluenza Virus 3 Infections Trimmomatic: a flexible trimmer for Illumina sequence data Geneious Basic: An integrated and extendable desktop software platform for the organization and analysis of sequence data An 81 nucleotide deletion in SARS-CoV ORF7a identified from sentinel surveillance in Arizona Structure and intracellular targeting of the SARS-coronavirus Orf7a accessory protein A dynamic nomenclature proposal for SARS-CoV-2 to assist genomic epidemiology A SARS-CoV-2 protein interaction map reveals targets for drug repurposing Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Inhibits Cellular Protein Synthesis and Activates p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase WA-UW-4570 and resulted in the fusion of ORF7a and ORF8. key: cord-027649-6xn9swsq authors: Addetia, Amin; Xie, Hong; Roychoudhury, Pavitra; Shrestha, Lasata; Loprieno, Michelle; Huang, Meei-Li; Jerome, Keith R.; Greninger, Alexander L. title: Identification of multiple large deletions in ORF7a resulting in in-frame gene fusions in clinical SARS-CoV-2 isolates date: 2020-06-23 journal: J Clin Virol DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104523 sha: doc_id: 27649 cord_uid: 6xn9swsq nan SARS-CoV-2 xGen enrichment panel (NC_045512; IDT).
    keywords: orf7a; sars
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        item: #123 of 5187
          id: cord-027650-pl6qsojf
      author: Wang, Yijin
       title: SARS-CoV-2 infection in liver-Author’s reply
        date: 2020-06-23
       words: 1066
      flesch: 29
     summary: Our study focused on COVID-19 related liver enzyme abnormality, other than acute liver injury. we know on 1st COVID-19, MERS and SARS with Concomitant Liver Injury-Systematic Review of the Existing Literature Liver Biochemistries in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19 SARS-associated viral hepatitis caused by a novel coronavirus: report of three cases Expression of elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in SARS-CoV-infected ACE2+ cells in SARS patients: relation to the acute lung injury and pathogenesis of SARS Overexpression of 7a, a protein specifically encoded by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, induces apoptosis via a caspase-dependent pathway The viral nucleocapsid protein of transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus (TGEV) is cleaved by caspase-6 and -7 during TGEV-induced apoptosis Induction of caspase-dependent apoptosis in cultured cells by the avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus Pediatric non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: the first report on the ultrastructure of hepatocyte mitochondria The zonal distribution of megamitochondria with crystalline inclusions in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis Mitochondrial abnormalities in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Autolytic Changes and Postmortem Interval in Refrigerated Cadavers Evidence for recycling of synaptic vesicle membrane during transmitter release at the frog neuromuscular junction Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus.
    keywords: ace2; covid-19; liver; sars
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        item: #124 of 5187
          id: cord-028363-7pmro8bu
      author: Tung-Chen, Yale
       title: Acute pericarditis due to COVID-19 infection: An underdiagnosed disease?
        date: 2020-07-10
       words: 1429
      flesch: 42
     summary: We want to share our findings, given the urgent need for different diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in order to better manage COVID-19 patients, and diminish the SARS-CoV-2 complications. On the other hand, in a recently published retrospective series of cases, a frequent elevation of d-dimer has been observed, which has been related to acute pulmonary thrombosis, which has dramatically worsened the prognosis in this subgroup of patients.
    keywords: acute; coronavirus; patients; pericarditis; sars
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        item: #125 of 5187
          id: cord-028525-0ckagrt1
      author: Yung, Chee Fu
       title: Household Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from Adults to Children
        date: 2020-07-04
       words: 1707
      flesch: 50
     summary: The mean interval between last exposure and the single NP swab sample date of child cases (3.5 days) and non-cases (4 days) were not biased. Young children <5 years old were at lowest risk of infection (1.3%).
    keywords: attack; children; covid-19; household
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        item: #126 of 5187
          id: cord-028711-zlj48aq7
      author: Ridgway, Jessica P.
       title: Prolonged shedding of severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA among patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
        date: 2020-06-24
       words: 1008
      flesch: 48
     summary: 4 Our findings that SARS-CoV-2 PCR tests remain positive for >3 weeks in most patients suggest that patients following the test-based strategy may remain on precautions for prolonged periods. key: cord-028711-zlj48aq7 authors: Ridgway, Jessica P.; Shah, Nirav S.; Robicsek, Ari A. title: Prolonged shedding of severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA among patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) date: 2020-06-24 journal: nan DOI: 10.1017/ice.2020.307 sha: doc_id: 28711 cord_uid: zlj48aq7 nan Early reports from China indicate that severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA may persist in the respiratory tracts of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) for several weeks after symptom onset.
    keywords: cov-2; patients; sars
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        item: #127 of 5187
          id: cord-028989-w50thois
      author: Figueira Gonçalves, Juan Marco
       title: Clinical challenges in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in patients who suffered SARS-CoV-2 infection()
        date: 2020-07-10
       words: 2008
      flesch: 31
     summary: A systemic review and meta-analysis Procoagulant activity during viral infections Abnormal coagulation parameters are associated with poor prognosis in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia Acute pulmonary embolism and COVID-19 pneumonia: a random association Prevalence of venous thromboembolism in patients with severe novel coronavirus pneumonia Analysis of Deaths During the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Epidemic in Singapore: Challenges in Determining a SARS Association of cardiac injury with mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China SARScoronavirus modulation of myocardial ACE2 expression and inflammation in patients with SARS The ACE2 expression in human heart indicates new potential mechanism of heart injury among patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 and the Heart Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study Cardiac involvement in a patient with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Altered lipid metabolism in recovered sars patients twelve years after infection Thin-section CT in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome following hospital discharge: Preliminary experience Long term outcomes in survivors of epidemic Influenza A (H7N9) virus infection 1-year pulmonary function and health status in survivors of severe acute respiratory syndrome Long-term bone and lung consequences associated with SARS Relation Between Chest CT Findings and Clinical Conditions of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pneumonia: key: cord-028989-w50thois authors: Figueira Gonçalves, Juan Marco; Golpe, Rafael title: Clinical challenges in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in patients who suffered SARS-CoV-2 infection() date: 2020-07-10 journal: Med Clin (Engl Ed) DOI: 10.1016/j.medcle.2020.04.012 sha: doc_id: 28989 cord_uid: w50thois nan Ni el manuscrito ni parte de su contenido han sido publicados previamente por ninguno de los autores, ni están en consideración para su publicación en ninguna otra revista al momento de su presentación.
    keywords: copd; cov-2; disease; infection; patients; sars
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        item: #128 of 5187
          id: cord-029167-bq6ogxyq
      author: Sarada, B. V.
       title: Fight Against COVID-19: ARCI’s Technologies for Disinfection
        date: 2020-07-14
       words: 2831
      flesch: 36
     summary: According to recent studies (Rutala and Weber 2019; Heating the best method for disinfection of N95 masks, finds study 2020), heating is viewed as the best and efficient method for COVID-19 virus disinfection of PPEs including N95 masks. Though the virus survives as aerosols and on environmental surfaces for various durations of time, it can easily be inactivated by several types of physical and chemical disinfection methods (Mackenzie 2020) including UVC disinfection (Malayeri et al. 2020) , dry-heat sterilization (Rutala and Weber 2019) and using biocidal agents (Lei Liao 2020).
    keywords: care; disinfection; hocl; sars; surfaces; uvc; virus
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        item: #129 of 5187
          id: cord-029332-yn603pvb
      author: None
       title: Full Issue PDF
        date: 2020-07-15
       words: 11336
      flesch: 34
     summary: To recognize cardiovascular complications among COVID-19 patients. We are also learning that acute kidney injury is quite prevalent and highly associated with mortality in COVID-19 patients (6).
    keywords: acute; cardiac; cardiovascular; care; case; china; coronavirus; covid-19; diagnosis; disease; dysfunction; failure; figure; heart; history; infection; mortality; myocarditis; pandemic; patients; pneumonia; risk; sars; syndrome
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        item: #130 of 5187
          id: cord-029419-b0w9nomq
      author: Matthews, Adam
       title: Review of Mark Honigsbaum (2020). The Pandemic Century—A History of Global Contagion from the Spanish Flu to Covid-19: Cambridge, MA: Penguin. 321 pp. ISBN 9780753558287
        date: 2020-07-20
       words: 3959
      flesch: 50
     summary: Epidemiologists set out on asking who, where, when, how and what, to understand the biological make-up of new diseases. The questions then, which The Pandemic Century (Honigsbaum 2020) illustrates is whether to take a posthuman perspective and pull back from technological and human development and reduce ecological disruption and work with the natural environment as equals or to push on unabated with technological developments to go beyond what has been done already to 'fix' ourselves and the planet, including new viral outbreaks.
    keywords: century; covid-19; disease; honigsbaum; media; new; outbreak; pandemic; sars; virus
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        item: #131 of 5187
          id: cord-029450-4rnrq78l
      author: Prattichizzo, Francesco
       title: Response to: Letter to the Editor on “Bonafè M, Prattichizzo F, Giuliani A, Storci G, Sabbatinelli J, Olivieri F. Inflamm-aging: Why older men are the most susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 complicated outcomes. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev” by Eugenia Quiros-Roldan, Giorgio Biasiotto and Isabella Zanella
        date: 2020-07-18
       words: 1570
      flesch: 36
     summary: Inflamm-aging: Why older men are the most susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 complicated outcomes Inflamm-aging: why older men are the most susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 complicated outcomes Clinical features and outcomes of HIV patients with coronavirus disease 2019 A Survey for COVID Among HIV/AIDS Patients in Two Districts of COVID-19 in people living with human immunodeficiency virus: a case series of 33 patients Description of COVID-19 in HIV-infected individuals: a single-centre, prospective cohort Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study Elevated exhaustion levels and reduced functional diversity of T cells in peripheral blood may predict severe progression in COVID-19 patients Targeting T-cell senescence and cytokine storm with rapamycin to prevent severe progression in COVID-19 Induction of a striking systemic cytokine cascade prior to peak viremia in acute human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection, in contrast to more modest and delayed responses in acute hepatitis B and C virus infections Increased sensitivity of SARS-coronavirus to a combination of human type I and type II interferons Potent inhibition of SARS-associated coronavirus (SCOV) infection and replication by type I interferons (IFN-alpha/beta) but not by type II interferon (IFN-gamma) Synergistic inhibition of SARS-coronavirus replication by type I and type II IFN Treatment with interferon-alpha2b and ribavirin improves outcome in MERS-CoV-infected rhesus macaques Imbalanced Host Response to SARS-CoV-2 Drives Development of COVID-19 Triple combination of interferon beta-1b, lopinavir-ritonavir, and ribavirin in the treatment of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19: an open-label, randomised, phase 2 trial Ribosomal DNA instability: In regard to this issue, preliminary data from a non-randomized clinical trial suggest a non-significant decrease in mortality in COVID-19 patients treated with the protease inhibitor Lopinavir/Ritonavir [10] .
    keywords: aging; cov-2; covid-19; patients; sars
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        item: #132 of 5187
          id: cord-029547-9ei1ram3
      author: Li, Jingwei
       title: The epidemiology and therapeutic options for the COVID-19
        date: 2020-05-28
       words: 7859
      flesch: 39
     summary: Then, the quantity of COVID-19 patients increased rapidly after Chinese New Year. According to the data collected in January 2020, the incubation stage of COVID-19 patients ranges between 2 and 14 days, and its average is about 5 days (95% credible interval: 4.2-6.0) when implementing the best-fit lognormal distribution.
    keywords: cells; characteristics; china; clinical; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; novel; patients; pneumonia; sars; symptoms; treatment; vaccine
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        item: #133 of 5187
          id: cord-029813-o2uzcuai
      author: Rusconi, Stefano
       title: COVID-19: studying the global pandemic – foreword
        date: 2020-07-27
       words: 2727
      flesch: 36
     summary: All SARS- CoV-2 five key proteins have a large homology with SARS-CoV from bats, although the lowest homology was with the S protein, which showed the highest amino acid homology with bat SARS RaTG13 reaching 97.71%. Tan et al. discuss the critical public health issue of the extent to which asymptomatically infected persons are transmitting SARS-CoV-2 to others and contrast the currently available data with the epidemiologic findings in SARS and MERS
    keywords: authors; cov-2; covid-19; rna; sars; virus
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        item: #134 of 5187
          id: cord-029965-bt87kai8
      author: Patel, Shailesh Kumar
       title: The kidney and COVID-19 patients – important considerations
        date: 2020-08-01
       words: 1053
      flesch: 39
     summary: key: cord-029965-bt87kai8 authors: Patel, Shailesh Kumar; Singh, Rohit; Rana, Jigyasa; Tiwari, Ruchi; Natesan, Senthilkumar; Harapan, Harapan; Arteaga-Livias, Kovy; Bonilla-Aldana, D. Katterine; Rodríguez-Morales, Alfonso J.; Dhama, Kuldeep title: The kidney and COVID-19 patients – important considerations date: 2020-08-01 journal: Travel Med Infect Dis DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101831 sha: doc_id: 29965 cord_uid: bt87kai8 nan Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; Renal; Kidney; Outcomes Kidney dysfunctions are also observed in a large proportion of COVID-19 patients [4] .
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; kidney; patients
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        item: #135 of 5187
          id: cord-030254-eevqclsy
      author: Mehta, Chitra
       title: Management of Coronavirus 2019
        date: 2020-04-24
       words: 4039
      flesch: 51
     summary: 14 The initial approach should be early suspicion, early recognition, immediate isolation, and institution of infection control precautions of COVID-19 patients. The use of acetaminophen or paracetamol over other antipyretics is recommended for temperature control in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; days; disease; infection; patients; risk; sars; use
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        item: #136 of 5187
          id: cord-030420-pgdmz69j
      author: Brion, Luc P.
       title: Comment on Evidence for and against vertical transmission for SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)
        date: 2020-08-13
       words: 194
      flesch: 8
     summary: 3 Evidence for and 65 against vertical transmission for SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Epub ahead of print Clinical features of patients infected 69 with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan The SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 expression of 71 maternal-fetal interface and fetal organs by single-cell transcriptome study The expression and localization of 74 the human placental prorenin/renin-angiotensin system throughout pregnancy: roles in 75 trophoblast invasion and angiogenesis? Miscarriage in a Pregnant Woman With SARS-CoV-2 Infection key: cord-030420-pgdmz69j authors: Brion, Luc P.; Chang, Christina; Adhikari, Emily title: Comment on Evidence for and against vertical transmission for SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) date: 2020-08-13 journal: Am J Obstet Gynecol DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.08.022 sha: doc_id: 30420 cord_uid: pgdmz69j nan As consistent with Lamouroux's statement that ACE2 is low in the first trimester, ACE2 37 RNA expression is developmentally regulated with extremely low expression at 6-14 weeks, 38 although there is high expression at 24 weeks of gestation.
    keywords: expression
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        item: #137 of 5187
          id: cord-030535-8o7rzb98
      author: Zhang, Sheng
       title: Structure-Based Drug Design of an Inhibitor of the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Main Protease Using Free Software: A Tutorial for Students and Scientists
        date: 2020-08-12
       words: 2721
      flesch: 51
     summary: Furthermore, cyclic peptides often exhibit greater cell permeability than the corresponding linear analogues, which is critical because M pro constitutes an intracellular target. Selecting a starting structure for inhibitor design.
    keywords: inhibitor; peptide; pro; sars; structure
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        item: #138 of 5187
          id: cord-030654-8yxa1r1c
      author: Zhang, Changhui
       title: Structural basis for the multimerization of nonstructural protein nsp9 from SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-08-20
       words: 4293
      flesch: 54
     summary: This homotetrameric structure comprised two significant styles of dimeric conformation that were found in nsp9 structures published in the last decade [19, 21] . Initially, 2 nmol DNA was incubated with different concentrations of nsp9 protein (in the native), in a solution containing 10 mM 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid (pH 8.0), 50 mM KCl, 1 mM ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), 0.05% Triton-X-100, and 5% glycerol, for 30 min at 4°C.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; fig; interface; nsp9; protein; residues; rna; sars; structure
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        item: #139 of 5187
          id: cord-030870-ao5p3ra3
      author: Paul, Suman
       title: Dynamics and risk assessment of SARS-CoV-2 in urban areas: a geographical assessment on Kolkata Municipal Corporation, India
        date: 2020-08-25
       words: 6499
      flesch: 55
     summary: Risk analysis revealed that very high vulnerability has been observed in 11 wards followed by high risk areas with 21 wards (nearly 30% to total wards under study). Wards with high containment zones are falling in those wards which have a higher degree of slum population as well as the number.
    keywords: area; cases; containment; cov-2; kolkata; lockdown; number; population; sars; urban; wards; zones
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        item: #140 of 5187
          id: cord-030923-r0lfot3w
      author: Liu, Lixin
       title: Subunit Nanovaccine with Potent Cellular and Mucosal Immunity for COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-18
       words: 3719
      flesch: 50
     summary: Vaccines Particulate delivery systems for vaccination against bioterrorism agents and emerging infectious pathogens Vaccine delivery: a matter of size, geometry, kinetics and molecular patterns Liposome-Based Adjuvants for Subunit Vaccines: Formulation Strategies for Subunit Antigens and Immunostimulators A combinatorial library of lipid-like materials for delivery of RNAi therapeutics Synthetic materials at the forefront of gene delivery Materials for oral delivery of proteins and peptides Summary of Antibody Workshop: The Role of Humoral Immunity in the Treatment and Prevention of Emerging and Extant Infectious Diseases Coronavirus infection of the central nervous system: host−virus stand-off Immune responses and immunopathology in acute and chronic viral hepatitis Lack of Peripheral Memory B Cell Responses in Recovered Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome: A Six-Year Follow-Up Study Memory T cell responses targeting the SARS coronavirus persist up to 11 years post-infection Potency of a Scalable Nanoparticulate Subunit Vaccine Development of subunit vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome Identification of a Novel Coronavirus in Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Isolation of a Novel Coronavirus from a Man with Pneumonia in Saudi Arabia Exploiting lymphatic transport and complement activation in nanoparticle vaccines Structure, Function, and Antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein Subunit Vaccines Against Emerging Pathogenic Human Coronaviruses. However, it is still hard to find research articles on subunit vaccines, let alone how the subunit antigens are delivered.
    keywords: cells; cov-2; cpg; p(m+c)−s1; sars; subunit; vaccine
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        item: #141 of 5187
          id: cord-030934-t7akdu6x
      author: Bahrami, Afsane
       title: Genetic and pathogenic characterization of SARS-CoV-2: a review
        date: 2020-08-26
       words: 6490
      flesch: 36
     summary: SARS-CoV-2 shares 80% nucleotide identity to SARS-CoV. The S, E, M, N and ORF3a genes of SARS-CoV-2 are predicted to be 3822, 228, 669, 1260 and 828 nucleotides in length, respectively.
    keywords: acute; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; covs; disease; human; infection; novel; patients; protein; response; sars; spike; treatment
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        item: #142 of 5187
          id: cord-030999-27wennun
      author: Altmann, Daniel M
       title: Adaptive immunity to SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-07-09
       words: 4378
      flesch: 38
     summary: Longitudinally profiling neutralizing antibody responses to SARS coronavirus with pseudotypes Antibody responses against SARS coronavirus are correlated with disease outcome of infected individuals Potent and persistent antibody responses against the receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV spike protein in recovered patients A systematic review of antibody mediated immunity to coronaviruses: antibody kinetics, correlates of protection, and association of antibody responses with severity of disease Serologic responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection among hospital staff with mild disease in eastern France Distinct systems serology features in children, elderly and COVID patients Prospects from systems serology research Cross-reactive antibody response between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV infections Human neutralizing antibodies elicited by SARS-CoV-2 infection A human neutralizing antibody targets the receptor binding site of SARS-CoV-2 A human monoclonal antibody blocking SARS-CoV-2 infection Broadly neutralizing antibodies for HIV prevention Safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and immunogenicity of the therapeutic monoclonal antibody mAb114 Chung and colleagues used a systems serology approach to investigate functional correlates of antibody responses across age groups and disease profile [21] .
    keywords: antibody; cell; cov-2; covid-19; disease; immunity; infection; protection; responses; sars; spike
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        item: #143 of 5187
          id: cord-031001-x4iiqq5e
      author: Hou, Fan Fan
       title: Personnel protection strategy for healthcare workers in Wuhan during the COVID-19 epidemic
        date: 2020-07-20
       words: 2513
      flesch: 44
     summary: The seropositivity for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (IgG, IgM, or both IgG/IgM positive) was 3.4% (53 out of 1571) in local healthcare workers from Wuhan with Level 2/3 PPE working in isolation areas and 5.4% (126 out of 2336) in healthcare staff with Level 1 PPE working in non-isolation medical areas, respectively. The seropositivity for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (IgG, IgM, or both IgG/IgM positive) was 3.4% (53/1571) in local healthcare workers from Wuhan with Level 2/3 PPE working in isolation areas and 5.4% (126/2336) in healthcare staff with Level 1 PPE working in non-isolation medical areas, respectively (Table 3) .
    keywords: cov-2; healthcare; ppe; sars; workers; wuhan
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        item: #144 of 5187
          id: cord-031061-48xwfr9i
      author: Abdullah, Abdullah
       title: Innate Immune-mediated Antiviral Response to SARS-CoV-2 and Convalescent sera a potential Prophylactic and Therapeutic Agent to Tackle COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-16
       words: 2530
      flesch: 34
     summary: The current situation proclaim that passive immunization or passive antibody therapy is the best option for treatment and prevention of their immunoglobulin containing sera immediately (4, 5) . Although there are limited information on the innate immune responses to COVID-19, but increase in neutrophils (38%), reduction in lymphocytes (35%), increased serum interleukin-6 (52%) and increased C-reactive protein (84%) were also investigated in a study in Administration of antibodies to the susceptible individuals to a disease, for the purpose of prevention and treatment is called passive antibody therapy and the process is called passive immunization.
    keywords: antibody; convalescent; covid-19; immune; sars; sera
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        item: #145 of 5187
          id: cord-031079-9lxhvyyb
      author: Chen, Li
       title: The effects of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine on ACE2 related coronavirus pathology and the cardiovascular system: An evidence based review
        date: 2020-07-27
       words: 5678
      flesch: 37
     summary: A virus replication by chloroquine Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread Anti-malaria drug chloroquine is highly effective in treating avian influenza A H5N1 virus infection in an animal model Effects of chloroquine on viral infections: an old drug against today's diseases? It was reported that relative delayed type I interferon (IFN-I) signaling promoted inflammatory monocyte-macrophage accumulation in BALB/c mice infected with SARS-CoV. 43 Consequently, these accumulated mononuclear macrophages produce more monocyte chemoattractants through activating the IFN-α/β receptors and mononuclear macrophage-derived proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNFα, IL-1β and IL-6, induce apoptosis of T cells. signaling or tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-death receptor 5 (DR5) signaling.
    keywords: ace2; cells; chloroquine; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; entry; hcq; hydroxychloroquine; infection; patients; receptor; sars; syndrome
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        item: #146 of 5187
          id: cord-031289-uxoz0xhk
      author: Coccolini, Federico
       title: SARS-CoV-2 Is Present in Peritoneal Fluid in COVID-19 Patients
        date: 2020-05-18
       words: 1330
      flesch: 47
     summary: As no information exist about the virus passage to peritoneal cavity and fluids, present data may suggest that potentially all people even those with mild to moderate respiratory symptoms by SARS-CoV-2 could present viral load in peritoneal fluid, thus increasing the exposure and contagion risks for the entire surgical staff. SARS-CoV-2 was detected in peritoneal fluid at a higher concentration than in respiratory tract.
    keywords: cov-2; fluid; sars; virus
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        item: #147 of 5187
          id: cord-031497-pp0p3en6
      author: Rodríguez-Fuster, Alberto
       title: Tracheal trauma in the context of the current infection by COVID-19. About 2 cases()
        date: 2020-09-06
       words: 1156
      flesch: 47
     summary: Guidelines from the Difficult Airway Society, the Association of Anaesthetists the Intensive Care Society, the Faculty of Intensive Care Medicine and the Royal College of Anaesthetists Expert recommendations for tracheal intubation in critically ill patients with noval coronavirus disease 2019 Recommendation of a practical guideline for safe tracheostomy during the COVID-19 pandemic CORONA-steps for tracheotomy in COVID-19 patients: A staff-safe method for airway management Guidance for wearing and removing personal protective equipment in healthcare settings for the care of patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 Tracheal trauma after difficult airway management in morbidly obese patients with COVID-19 [2] [3] [4] We report 2 cases of patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection and tracheal iatrogenic rupture following airway manipulation.
    keywords: cases; patients; tracheal; tracheotomy
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        item: #148 of 5187
          id: cord-031518-1w14wr0i
      author: Khodarahmi, Reza
       title: The ACE2 as a “rescue protein” or “suspect enzyme” in COVID-19: possible application of the “engineered inactive hrsACE2” as a safer therapeutic agent in the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-09-07
       words: 4657
      flesch: 41
     summary: [28] and higher serum ACE2 activity is correlated with increasing severity of heart failure [29] . In agreement with the latter observation, dramatic increase in ACE2 expression in the SARS-CoVinfected bronchial cells has been shown by bioinformatics analyses [53] .
    keywords: ace2; activity; angiotensin; cov-2; covid-19; heart; hypertension; infection; patients; sars
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        item: #149 of 5187
          id: cord-031818-lawd185l
      author: Rich, Robert Soler
       title: Expanded mesenchymal stem cells: a novel therapeutic approach for SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia (COVID-19). Concepts regarding a first case()
        date: 2020-09-12
       words: 974
      flesch: 33
     summary: Given that our research team has extensive experience in cell therapy, on 2nd April, with prior authorization and under the control of the Spanish Agency of Medicines and Medical Devices, we infused intravenously a dose of 80 x 10 E6MSC of allogeneic bone marrow (1 x 10 E6MSC/kg of weight) in suspension of 100 cc saline solution administered at a rate of 40 drops/min. Due to the interest generated, it is considered appropriate to disclose the concept, the foundations and the procedure of this innovative therapy in the experimental phase, reporting the experience of what we consider to be the first case of COVID-19 treated in our country using intravenous mesenchymal stem cell therapy.
    keywords: cells; covid-19; sars; therapy
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        item: #150 of 5187
          id: cord-032222-i6gfp4me
      author: Xue, Ling
       title: A quick look at the latest developments in the COVID-19 pandemic
        date: 2020-09-10
       words: 2885
      flesch: 41
     summary: Use of convalescent plasma therapy in SARS patients in Hong Kong Convalescent plasma treatment reduced mortality in patients with severe pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 virus infection Meta-analysis: convalescent blood products for Spanish influenza pneumonia: a future H5N1 treatment? Treatment with convalescent plasma for influenza A (H5N1) infection GS-5734 and its parent nucleoside analog inhibit Filo-, Pneumo-, and Paramyxoviruses Broad-spectrum antiviral GS-5734 inhibits both epidemic and zoonotic coronaviruses Therapeutic efficacy of the small molecule GS-5734 against Ebola virus in rhesus monkeys Prophylactic and therapeutic remdesivir (GS-5734) treatment in the rhesus macaque model of MERS-CoV infection Comparative therapeutic efficacy of remdesivir and combination lopinavir, ritonavir, and interferon beta against MERS-CoV First case of 2019 novel coronavirus in the United States Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro Remdesivir in adults with severe COVID-19: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial Baricitinib as potential treatment for 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease Potential impact of seasonal forcing on a SARS-CoV-2 pandemic Preliminary studies have suggested that the pathogenic mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 is similar to that of SARS-CoV. Both viruses bind to the cell surface receptor angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in human airway epithelial cells via the S protein on the envelope and enter the host cell.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; infection; novel; patients; sars; transmission
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        item: #151 of 5187
          id: cord-032552-rjuug7er
      author: Umviligihozo, Gisele
       title: Sub-Saharan Africa preparedness and response to the COVID-19 pandemic: A perspective of early career African scientists
        date: 2020-07-08
       words: 5931
      flesch: 38
     summary: However, a comparison of the early phases of the pandemic in some African and European countries has shown a positive impact of early interventions initiated by SSA countries resulting in distinct disease trajectories, For example a comparison of the infection dynamics in the United States, United Kingdom, Italy and Spain vs South Africa and Cameroon has shown a continual exponential peak in non-African countries but slow and gradual increase in both of the SSA countries 85 . There, consistent with the recent study by M. Njenga et al 3 which investigated the causes of low morbidity and low mortality of COVID-19 in African countries, we also suggest that other factors such as a warm climate, young population, pre-existing cross-reactive immunity may have considerably contributed to the evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic in SSA countries.
    keywords: african; countries; cov-2; covid-19; health; interventions; pandemic; response; sars; ssa; ssa countries
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        item: #152 of 5187
          id: cord-032751-pmclolvh
      author: Head, Katharine J.
       title: A National Survey Assessing SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Intentions: Implications for Future Public Health Communication Efforts
        date: 2020-09-23
       words: 5100
      flesch: 38
     summary: Of note for communication scholars, these findings suggest that social normative messaging could capitalize on the high level of vaccine intention. Importantly, because vaccine intent and/or need may be different for people who were previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 and perceived threat variables (discussed below) are usually only measured for future threats, only participants who answered no to the question do you believe that you've had COVID-19 are included in the current study (n = 3,159).
    keywords: covid-19; health; intentions; participants; ref; sars; vaccination; vaccine; variables
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        item: #153 of 5187
          id: cord-032811-sdbj26ca
      author: Hosoki, Koa
       title: Reply
        date: 2020-09-29
       words: 667
      flesch: 39
     summary: Because IFN-l contributes to loss of lung epithelial barrier function, 8 we hypothesize that entry of SARS-CoV-2 via ACE-2 can stimulate secretion of IFN-l and induce leakage of fluid into the lungs (Fig 1, A) . Thus, until the effect of SARS-CoV-2 on ACE-2 levels or functionality is thoroughly addressed in peer-reviewed publications, it is difficult to precisely determine the contributory role of ACE-2 in the bradykinin pathway during SARS-CoV-2 infection.
    keywords: covid-19; sars; type
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        item: #154 of 5187
          id: cord-032928-m0awip9y
      author: Sobh, Eman
       title: Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) non-respiratory involvement
        date: 2020-10-01
       words: 4025
      flesch: 38
     summary: Zhonghua bing li xue za zhi= Pathological findings in the testes of COVID-19 patients: clinical implications SARS-CoV-2 and the testis: similarity with other viruses and routes of infection The need for urogenital tract monitoring in COVID-19 Orchitis: a complication of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Cytokines and the immune-testicular axis Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records Neurologic manifestations of hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in Wuhan, China COVID-19 and anosmia: a review based on up-to-date knowledge Human coronaviruses: respiratory pathogens revisited as infectious neuroinvasive, neurotropic, and neurovirulent agents Middle East respiratory syndrome National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China. Several studies reported acute kidney injury (AKI) in COVID-19 patients with variable incidence rate [24, 26, 32, 34, 35] .
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; injury; kidney; manifestations; patients; sars; symptoms
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        item: #155 of 5187
          id: cord-033010-o5kiadfm
      author: Durojaye, Olanrewaju Ayodeji
       title: Potential therapeutic target identification in the novel 2019 coronavirus: insight from homology modeling and blind docking study
        date: 2020-10-02
       words: 8149
      flesch: 48
     summary: Qualitative Model Energy Analysis (QMEAN) is a composite scoring function that describes protein structures on the basis of major geometrical aspects. A novel coronavirus and SARS Crystal structures of the main peptidase from the SARS coronavirus inhibited by a substrate-like aza-peptide epoxide Dissection study on the SARS 3C-like protease reveals the critical role of the extra domain in dimerization of the enzyme: defining the extra domain as a new target for design of highly-specific protease inhibitors 3C-like proteinase from SARS coronavirus catalyzes substrate hydrolysis by a general base mechanism Only one protomer is active in the dimer of SARS 3C-like proteinase Biosynthesis, purification, and substrate specificity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 3C-like proteinase A trial of lopinavir-ritonavir in adults hospitalized with severe covid-19 EMBOSS: the European molecular biology open software suite SRS, an indexing and retrieval tool for flat file data libraries Issues in bioinformatics benchmarking: the case study of multiple sequence alignment HHblits: lightning-fast iterative protein sequence searching by HMM-HMM alignment The SWISS-PROT protein knowledgebase and its supplement TrEMBL in 2003 Toward the estimation of the absolute quality of individual protein structure models MolProbity: more and better reference data for improved all-atom structure validation Chapter 2: Protein Composition and Structure Modeling protein quaternary structure of homo-and hetero-oligomers beyond binary interactions by homology UCSF chimera-a visualization system for exploratory research and analysis Fasman GD (1974) Prediction of protein conformation Protein Identification and Analysis Tools on the ExPASy Server The rapid generation of mutation data matrices from protein sequences MEGA7:
    keywords: 2019; acid; amino; amino acid; binding; coronavirus; docking; model; ncov; protein; proteinase; sars; score; sequence; structure; target protein; template
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        item: #156 of 5187
          id: cord-033204-v17d98c9
      author: Yen, Wei‐Ting
       title: Taiwan’s COVID‐19 Management: Developmental State, Digital Governance, and State‐Society Synergy
        date: 2020-09-23
       words: 6585
      flesch: 50
     summary: Originally, the chief commander was the Director-General of Taiwan's CDC, but soon after China locked down Wuhan on January 23rd, the Minister of Ministry of Health and Welfare (MOHW), the superior unit of Taiwan CDC, became the new chief commander of CECC. Taiwan CDC Inside Taiwan's new digital democracy Coronavirus: Taiwan making progress in getting illegal migrant workers to come forward.
    keywords: china; covid-19; crisis; disease; governance; government; health; mask; policy; production; response; sars; society; taiwan
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        item: #157 of 5187
          id: cord-033244-u05rw6sk
      author: Ganesamoorthi, Arimanickam
       title: Non-availability of anesthesia scavenging system and decontamination of the outflow gas from the anesthesia machine during this COVID-19 pandemic
        date: 2020-10-06
       words: 985
      flesch: 29
     summary: key: cord-033244-u05rw6sk authors: Ganesamoorthi, Arimanickam; Vijayakumar, Vinodhadevi; Vellaichamy, Vasanthakumar; Panneerselvam, Gopalakrishnan title: Non-availability of anesthesia scavenging system and decontamination of the outflow gas from the anesthesia machine during this COVID-19 pandemic date: 2020-10-06 journal: Ain-Shams J Anesthesiol DOI: 10.1186/s42077-020-00096-5 sha: doc_id: 33244 cord_uid: u05rw6sk nan To the Editor, It is recommended that breathing system filters should be incorporated in the expiratory limb of any ventilator, when used on a patient with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) (Wilkes, 2011; Mechanical ventilation of SARS patients, 2003) . Severe acute respiratory syndrome; HEPA filter: High-efficiency particulate air filter; CO 2 : Carbon dioxide; COVID-9: Coronavirus disease 2019; SARS-CoV-2: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; LMIC:
    keywords: anesthesia; filter; system
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        item: #158 of 5187
          id: cord-033311-e5axxrm1
      author: Abenza Abildúa, M.J.
       title: Myopathy associated with serious SARS-CoV-2 infection()
        date: 2020-10-07
       words: 834
      flesch: 38
     summary: Muscle study of the right tibialis anterior revealed small motor unit potential amplitudes, without polyphasic motor unit potentials (C). Evidence of the COVID-19 virus targeting the CNS: Tissue distribution, host-virus interaction, and proposed neurotropic mechanisms Neurological manifestations of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective case series study Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with SARS-CoV2 infection: causality or coincidence? Síndrome de Guillain-Barré fatal tras infección por el virus SARS-CoV2 Infección por SARS-CoV2 asociada a diplopia y anticuerpos antirreceptor de acetilcolina Severe neurologic syndrome associated with Middle East respiratory syndrome corona virus (MERS-CoV)
    keywords: covid-19; infection; sars; virus
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        item: #159 of 5187
          id: cord-033333-880jx1bt
      author: Salman, Saad
       title: In silico analysis of protein/peptide-based inhalers against SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-10-08
       words: 3448
      flesch: 49
     summary: [19] , we report the in silico antigenicity of SPLUNC1 protein while bearing in mind the potential side effects of mAbs [13] . (ACE-2) (PDB ID:1R4L), human palate, lung and nasal epithelium clone protein (4N4X) and human neutralizing S230 light chain antibody (6NB6) and COVID spike protein (PDB ID:6VSB) was obtained from Protein Data Bank
    keywords: drug; inhalers; lung; peptide; protein; sars; spike; splunc1
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        item: #160 of 5187
          id: cord-033334-p7szd86k
      author: Mann, Jaclyn Kelly
       title: The potential of lactoferrin, ovotransferrin and lysozyme as antiviral and immune-modulating agents in COVID-19
        date: 2020-10-08
       words: 7291
      flesch: 23
     summary: Peptides in ovotransferrin that have high sequence homology with these bovine lactoferrin and human lactoferrin peptides acting against herpes simplex virus, human cytomegalovirus and adenovirus, were shown to have double the antiviral activity compared with the bovine lactoferrin peptides [72] . Damage of the outer membrane of enteric gram negative bacteria by lactoferrin and transferrin The antifungal activity of lactoferrin and its derived peptides: mechanisms of action and synergy with drugs against fungal pathogens Lactoferrin as a natural immune modulator Bovine lactoferrin supplementation supports immune and antioxidant status in healthy human males Lactoferrin accelerates reconstitution of the humoral and cellular immune response during chemotherapy-induced immunosuppression and bone marrow transplant in mice Human lactoferrin attenuates the proinflammatory response of neonatal monocyte-derived macrophages Lactoferrin in a context of inflammation-induced pathology Lactoferrin suppresses neutrophil extracellular traps release in inflammation Antihypertensive effects of lactoferrin hydrolyzates: inhibition of angiotensin-and endothelin-converting enzymes Lactoferrin, ovotransferrin & lysozyme in COVID-19 Review Aerosolized bovine lactoferrin counteracts infection, inflammation and iron dysbalance in a cystic fibrosis mouse model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa chronic lung infection Peptides affecting coagulation Antiviral activity of ovotransferrin derived peptides Ovotransferrin peptides that are conserved with peptides from bovine lactoferrin (which are also active against herpes simplex virus) were shown to be more potent than bovine lactoferrin peptides in their effect against Marek's disease virus Antiviral effect of ovotransferrin in mouse peritoneal macrophages by up-regulating type
    keywords: activity; bovine; covid-19; disease; effect; egg; human; immune; inflammation; iron; lactoferrin; lysozyme; ovotransferrin; peptides; sars; white
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        item: #161 of 5187
          id: cord-033406-xoyt7esk
      author: Wen, Wen
       title: Next-generation sequencing revealed influenza and Chlamydia infection in recurrent pneumonia in a recovered COVID-19 patient
        date: 2020-09-11
       words: 359
      flesch: 42
     summary: Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Clinical characteristics of 140 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan Co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza A Virus in Patient with Pneumonia New evidence-based clinical practice guideline timely supports hospital infection control of coronavirus disease 2019 HRCT imaging features in representative imported cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia Correlation of Chest CT and RT-PCR Testing for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China: key: cord-033406-xoyt7esk authors: Wen, Wen; Zhang, Guorong; Luo, Sihui; Bai, Zhaoqing; Tao, Wanyin; Guo, Meng; Jia, Shuafang; Liu, Wei; Zhang, Kaiguang; Weng, Jianping; Zhu, Shu title: Next-generation sequencing revealed influenza and Chlamydia infection in recurrent pneumonia in a recovered COVID-19 patient date: 2020-09-11 journal: Precis Clin Med DOI: 10.1093/pcmedi/pbaa033 sha: doc_id: 33406 cord_uid: xoyt7esk nan The patient presented to Anqing Municipal Hospital (Anhui province) with a positive result on nasopharyngeal swabs for SARS-CoV-2 and discharged in good clinical condition after consecutive negative results On February 9, 2020.
    keywords: infection; sars
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        item: #162 of 5187
          id: cord-033551-eojpkxz9
      author: Shekh, Shamasoddin
       title: In silico allicin induced S-thioallylation of SARS-CoV-2 main protease
        date: 2020-09-16
       words: 3915
      flesch: 46
     summary: Inhibition of the function of SARS-CoV-2 M pro has a direct impact on the formation of functional polypeptides which are critical in the assembly of new viruses thereby attenuating the replication and proliferation of coronavirus. Attempts have been made through a structure-based drug design approach to identify the inhibitors for SARS-CoV-2 M pro to attenuate coronavirus infection [8] .
    keywords: allicin; allyl; coronavirus; covalent; cysteine; docking; residue; sars
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        item: #163 of 5187
          id: cord-033592-j1c2brb4
      author: Alvarez Bravo, G.
       title: Encefalitis anti-NMDA-R secundaria a infección por SARS-CoV-2 Anti–NMDA receptor encephalitis secondary to SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-10-09
       words: 1077
      flesch: 35
     summary: In line with these findings, we started treatment with methylprednisolone and valproate, suspecting anti-NMDAR encephalitis. Studies performed to identify the possible paraneoplastic origin of anti-NMDAR encephalitis detected a left ovarian teratoma, which was removed by laparotomy.
    keywords: encephalitis; infection; sars
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        item: #164 of 5187
          id: cord-033780-184e64tr
      author: Smith, Rasheid
       title: Implications of current and future approaches to coronavirus disease 2019 testing
        date: 2020-10-13
       words: 3269
      flesch: 36
     summary: Emerging technologies such as graphene field-effect transistors have been used to detect as low as 1 fg/ml of SARS CoV-2 spike protein in transport medium for nasopharyngeal swabs and detect SARS-CoV-2 in clinical samples with readings obtained within 1 min Other cytokines and proteins can be implemented which are associated with increased severity of COVID-19 cases such as IL-2, IL-7, IL-10, G-CSF, IP-10 and cardiac troponin among others [13] .
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; detection; disease; patients; pcr; sars; testing; tests
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        item: #165 of 5187
          id: cord-033901-itj6v1jl
      author: Syambani Ulhaq, Z.
       title: Recurrent positive SARS-CoV-2 RNA tests in recovered and discharged patients()
        date: 2020-10-17
       words: 820
      flesch: 45
     summary: Aiming to summarize the current evidence, a meta-analysis was performed to estimate the prevalence of RP SARS-CoV-2 RNA tests among recovered patients, in addition to the days of RNA-positive conversion since last negative/discharge. These reports raise questions about whether recovered patients are at risk of relapse/reinfection, and whether they are capable of infecting others.
    keywords: patients; ref; sars
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        item: #166 of 5187
          id: cord-033951-77tfhm5b
      author: Ma, Chunlong
       title: Ebselen, Disulfiram, Carmofur, PX-12, Tideglusib, and Shikonin Are Nonspecific Promiscuous SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Inhibitors
        date: 2020-10-09
       words: 7010
      flesch: 49
     summary: [pH 7.5], 150 mM NaCl, 2 mM DTT), and PL pro protein was eluted from Ni-NTA with 300 mM imidazole. Therefore, it can be concluded that the enzymatic inhibition potency of cysteine protease inhibitors measured in the absence of DTT cannot be used to predict the cellular antiviral activity.
    keywords: a71; carmofur; compounds; cov-2; d68; dtt; ebselen; inhibition; pro; sars
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        item: #167 of 5187
          id: cord-034021-6h5h3zow
      author: Thede, Christian
       title: COVID-19 – Therapiemöglichkeiten mit chinesischen Arzneimitteln in der Akutphase und Rekonvaleszenz
        date: 2020-10-20
       words: 1620
      flesch: 35
     summary: In der Phase der Rekonvaleszenz werden sowohl bei Abhängig von der Zahl von Erkrankten und Belastung der Kliniken dürfte der Zeitpunkt der Aufnahme in klinisch-stationäre Behandlung variieren.
    keywords: bei; chinesischen; covid-19; der; des; die; einer; fatigue; für; medizin; mit; nach; sars; stadien; und; von; werden
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        item: #168 of 5187
          id: cord-034351-5br4faov
      author: Xu, Shuang-Fei
       title: Cross-Sectional Seroepidemiologic Study of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) among Close Contacts, Children, and Migrant Workers in Shanghai
        date: 2020-10-02
       words: 3454
      flesch: 46
     summary: Participants must meet the following inclusion criteria: Close contacts: The definition of close contacts is based on Prevention and Control of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (6th edition), which refers to people who had unprotected close contact (within 1 meter) with a confirmed or suspect case within two days before illness onset, or with an asymptomatic infected person within two days before sampling [10] . Three categories of study participants will be recruited in the study as they are important for case finding in communities.
    keywords: contacts; coronavirus; cov-2; district; participants; sampling; sars; school; study
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        item: #169 of 5187
          id: cord-034354-4xu97je3
      author: Wang, Hongye
       title: SARS-CoV-2 Proteome Microarray for Mapping COVID-19 Antibody Interactions at Amino Acid Resolution
        date: 2020-10-21
       words: 3694
      flesch: 44
     summary: This represents a significant decrease in time compared to the standard ∼18 h using protein microarrays. Comprehensive profiling of humoral antibody response to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus-2 (CoV-2) proteins is essential in understanding the host immunity and in developing diagnostic tests and vaccines.
    keywords: antibodies; antibody; cov-2; covid-19; epitopes; patients; proteins; sars
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        item: #170 of 5187
          id: cord-034371-j3xxmkjd
      author: Schellack, Natalie
       title: COVID-19: Guidelines for pharmacists in South Africa
        date: 2020-06-10
       words: 5044
      flesch: 49
     summary: • Safe social (and professional) distancing of at least 1 metre between queueing patients (the use of floor markings is recommended) and between pharmacy personnel and patients across the counter • Appropriate respiratory hygiene (which includes the appropriate use of personal protective equipment (PPE) amongst staff and patients Therapeutic agents of concern Current information and guidance Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) 4, 14, 23, 24, 25 • The use of ibuprofen (or other NSAIDs) in COVID-19 patients has been raised as a potential concern. In addition, COVID-19 patients have an increased risk of developing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE).
    keywords: contact; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; evidence; infection; patients; risk; treatment; use; virus
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        item: #171 of 5187
          id: cord-034481-zi9q96lj
      author: Liu, Yongjian
       title: Stability of SARS-CoV-2 on environmental surfaces and in human excreta
        date: 2020-11-01
       words: 764
      flesch: 56
     summary: The titer of virus stock and the volume of virus inoculation were related with the final results. At desired time points, 50μl of each sample was taken and virus titer was determined with the same method described above.
    keywords: cov-2; sars
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        item: #172 of 5187
          id: cord-035015-slgywe0c
      author: Nunn, Alistair V. W.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 and mitochondrial health: implications of lifestyle and ageing
        date: 2020-11-09
       words: 14677
      flesch: 27
     summary: Critically, it modulates mitochondrial function, having diverse affects depending on the tissue; it can stimulate muscle mitochondrial function [241] , but may also enhance lipid storage and adipogenesis [242] . As the immune system itself is heavily reliant on mitochondrial function, then maintaining a healthy mitochondrial system may play a key role in resisting the virus, both directly, and indirectly by ensuring a good vaccine response.
    keywords: ace2; age; anti; cell; cov-2; covid-19; data; exercise; function; health; immune; inflammasome; inflammation; key; metabolic; mitochondrial; oxidative; patients; response; role; ros; sars; stress; system; virus
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        item: #173 of 5187
          id: cord-035026-2qcsfd87
      author: Ugwueze, Chidiebere V.
       title: COVID-19 and Diabetes Mellitus: The Link and Clinical Implications
        date: 2020-10-23
       words: 5416
      flesch: 39
     summary: Diabetes mellitus is one of commonest noncommunicable diseases associated with worsening clinical status in COVID-19 patients. Pathogenetic mechanisms such as impaired immunity, microangiopathy, and glycemic variability may explain the effect of diabetes on recovery of COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: ace2; coronavirus; covid-19; diabetes; disease; effect; infection; insulin; patients; receptor; sars; type
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        item: #174 of 5187
          id: cord-035067-ic843wr9
      author: de Almeida, Joana Ferro Machado
       title: COVID-19 and the gastrointestinal tract: what do we already know?
        date: 2020-11-05
       words: 5454
      flesch: 50
     summary: SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 is an interferon-stimulated gene in human airway epithelial cells and is detected in specific cell subsets across tissues ACE-2 expression in the small airway epithelia of smokers and COPD Patients: Implications for COVID-19 COVID-19 and diabetes: Knowledge in progress Association of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker use with covid-19 diagnosis and mortality Association of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors with severity or risk of death in patients with hypertension hospitalized for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection in Wuhan, China Emerging WuHan (COVID-19) coronavirus: glycan shield and structure prediction of spike glycoprotein and its interaction with human CD26 Characterization of the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of 2019 novel coronavirus: implication for development of RBD protein as a viral attachment inhibitor and vaccine Epidemiological, clinical and virological characteristics of 74 cases of coronavirus-infected disease 2019 (COVID-19) with gastrointestinal symptoms Gastrointestinal symptoms of 95 cases with SARS-CoV-2 infection Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with digestive symptoms in Hubei, China Enteric involvement in hospitalised patients with COVID-19 outside Wuhan Prevalence and characteristics of gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection in the United States: a multicenter cohort study Gastrointestinal symptoms and COVID-19: case-control study from the United States High prevalence of concurrent gastrointestinal manifestations in patients with SARS-CoV-2: early experience from California Clinical characteristics of 140 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan Effect of gastrointestinal symptoms on patients infected with COVID-19 Gastrointestinal manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection and virus load in fecal samples from the Hong Kong cohort and systematic review and meta-analysis Imaging and clinical features of patients with 2019 novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2: a systematic review and meta-analysis COVID-19 patients' clinical characteristics, discharge rate, and fatality rate of meta-analysis Gastrointestinal infection could be new focus for coronavirus diagnosis Individual variation of the SARS-CoV2 receptor ACE2 gene expression and regulation Those infected may be asymptomatic, present typical symptoms (fever, dry cough and dyspnea), gastrointestinal symptoms (diarrhea, nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain) and viral RNA in stools.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; disease; patients; sars; studies; study; symptoms; viral; virus
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        item: #175 of 5187
          id: cord-035157-97tfcgvq
      author: Panchin, Alexander Y.
       title: Excessive G–U transversions in novel allele variants in SARS-CoV-2 genomes
        date: 2020-07-28
       words: 2813
      flesch: 49
     summary: Tables 1 and 2 give a more detailed view of the number of mutations and substitutions in SARS-CoV-2 (Methods 1 and 2 respectively). Interestingly, the data provided by Di Giorgio et al. (2020) also reveals G-U and C-A mutation asymmetry not only in SARS-CoV-2 but also in MERS-CoV. One notable cause of G-T mutations in DNA is due to reactive oxygen species that generate 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG) (Ohno et al., 2014), which can be paired not only with cytosines, but also with adenines, resulting in nucleotide mis-incorporation during DNA synthesis which could explain why the excess of G-U substitutions is not observed between SARS-CoV-2 and bat coronavirus RaTG13.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; genomes; mutations; sars
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        item: #176 of 5187
          id: cord-035163-tqh5wv12
      author: Ijaz, M. Khalid
       title: Combating SARS-CoV-2: leveraging microbicidal experiences with other emerging/re-emerging viruses
        date: 2020-09-08
       words: 6848
      flesch: 35
     summary: Our hypothesis is that, when dealing with emerging enveloped viruses, knowledge of the susceptibility of one enveloped virus to microbicides which disrupt the lipid envelope should enable one to predict which microbicides should prove efficacious for other enveloped viruses, including emerging/re-emerging viruses. Microbicides satisfying these requirements can be regarded as effective against emerging/re-emerging viruses, such as SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; data; disease; environmental; et al; health; human; respiratory; review; sars; surfaces; survival; transmission; viruses
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        item: #177 of 5187
          id: cord-035203-dnoc0xcv
      author: Vaňková, Eva
       title: Polylactic acid as a suitable material for 3D printing of protective masks in times of COVID-19 pandemic
        date: 2020-10-29
       words: 5756
      flesch: 36
     summary: Visualization of PLA mask structure under stress conditions using scanning electron microscopy To investigate the impact of possible stress factors for PLA masks, cleaning with chemicals was performed and exposure to wearing-associated contamination was simulated, as outlined below. We confirmed that the structure of PLA protective masks is compact and can be considered a sufficient barrier protection against particles of a size corresponding to microorganisms including viruses.
    keywords: disinfection; ethanol; fig; filaments; masks; material; pla; sars; sodium; structure; surface
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        item: #178 of 5187
          id: cord-035274-hu8zshq8
      author: Jadali, Zohreh
       title: Neurologic manifestations of COVID-19: what can we learn from other coronaviruses
        date: 2020-11-11
       words: 705
      flesch: 37
     summary: Neurotropic and neuroinvasive properties of SARS-CoV-2 are supported by several observations including the presence of virus particles in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with significant nervous system symptoms [3] . Therefore, understanding of neural pathways that contribute to neurologic deficits can be beneficial in promoting assessment and management of COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: cov-2; sars; virus
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        item: #179 of 5187
          id: cord-035292-pan415s7
      author: Elmessaoudi-Idrissi, Mohcine
       title: Structure-guided discovery approach identifies potential lead compounds targeting M(pro) of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-11-11
       words: 1765
      flesch: 44
     summary: To address the unmet medical needs, we explored a strategy identifying new compounds targeting the main protease (M(pro)) of SARS-CoV-2. To quickly address the unmet medical needs, in silico approaches can accelerate drug discovery and development, and can be a complementary method for the classical screening and identification of specific drugs against COVID-19
    keywords: compounds; coronavirus; covid-19; drug; residues; sars
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        item: #180 of 5187
          id: cord-035307-r74ovkbd
      author: Liu, Shuchang
       title: Attitudes towards Wildlife Consumption inside and outside Hubei Province, China, in Relation to the SARS and COVID-19 Outbreaks
        date: 2020-11-11
       words: 4135
      flesch: 48
     summary: More than half of participants (≥53.5%) reported that they had stopped eating wildlife meat because most species of wildlife are legally protected. The virus may pass onto humans when they consume wildlife meat, and subsequently may lead to the risk of human-to-human transmission (Zhang et al. 2020) .
    keywords: covid-19; hubei; meat; outbreak; participants; sars; wildlife
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        item: #181 of 5187
          id: cord-048335-5fl0rk90
      author: Thompson, Alison K
       title: Pandemic influenza preparedness: an ethical framework to guide decision-making
        date: 2006-12-04
       words: 7950
      flesch: 39
     summary: The ethical framework includes both substantive and procedural elements for ethical pandemic influenza planning. The ethical framework includes both substantive and procedural elements for ethical pandemic influenza planning.
    keywords: care; decision; ethics; framework; health; influenza; making; pandemic; planning; public; values
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        item: #182 of 5187
          id: cord-102364-t5bt2eb4
      author: Yao, Dehui
       title: Human H-ferritin presenting RBM of spike glycoprotein as potential vaccine of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-06-08
       words: 1870
      flesch: 48
     summary: After blocking with 5% BSA, ACE2 protein (concentration 0.5 μg/ml) was allowed to bind to the surface coated proteins for 2 h at 37C, followed by washing with washing buffer three times. We chose a short polypeptide sequence (72 amino acid) of spike glycoprotein RBM (S-RBM) based on latest 3-D cryo-EM studies of spike glycoprotein-ACE2 complex [8, 9] .
    keywords: ace2; cov-2; hftn; rbm; receptor; sars
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        item: #183 of 5187
          id: cord-102411-0mo1198e
      author: Moreno Borraz, LA
       title: PREVALENCIA DE INFECCIÓN POR CORONAVIRUS SARS-CoV-2 EN PACIENTES Y PROFESIONALES DE UN HOSPITAL DE MEDIA Y LARGA ESTANCIA EN ESPAÑA
        date: 2020-11-13
       words: 3432
      flesch: 39
     summary: De acuerdo con el procedimiento emitido el 24 de enero de 2020 por la Dirección General de Salud Pública del Ministerio de Sanidad de España para solicitar una PCR confirmatoria, se consideró caso en investigación por COVID-19 los pacientes que hubieran viajado a Wuham o hubieran tenido un contacto estrecho con un caso confirmado en los 14 días previos al comienzo de los síntomas sumado al criterio clínico (neumonía o fiebre con infección respiratoria aguda). Presentamos un estudio de prevalencia de la infección por SARS-CoV-2 en pacientes y profesionales de un hospital de Media y Larga Estancia realizado en los meses del pico de la pandemia en España.
    keywords: con; cov-2; del; estudio; hospital; infección; los; pacientes; para; patients; pcr; por; prevalencia; profesionales; que; sars; staff; una
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        item: #184 of 5187
          id: cord-102456-6jt4ksha
      author: Taylor-Cousar, Jennifer L.
       title: How I Do It: Restarting Respiratory Clinical Research in the Era of the COVID19 Pandemic
        date: 2020-11-13
       words: 4070
      flesch: 27
     summary: The rapid deployment of these clinical tools has allowed their application to clinical research studies, and in some cases ensuring the continued conduct of study consent, safety visits and assessments, and collection of outcome measurements. Equally important, it is imperative that clinical research staff are protected from potential risks of contracting respiratory tract infections including SARS-CoV-2 from research subjects or individuals accompanying them.
    keywords: covid-19; data; pandemic; procedures; research; safety; sars; staff; study; testing
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        item: #185 of 5187
          id: cord-102807-cxtzf5oe
      author: fiore, j. r.
       title: FAR AWAY FROM HERD IMMUNITY TO SARS-CoV-2: results from a survey in healthy blood donors in South Eastern Italy
        date: 2020-06-19
       words: 1687
      flesch: 56
     summary: These data, along with those recently reported from other countries, clearly show that we are very far from herd immunity and that the containment measures are at the moment the only realistic instrument we have to slow the spread of the pandemic. 33 These data, along with those recently reported from other countries, clearly show that we are very 34 far from herd immunity and that the containment measures are at the moment the only realistic 35 instrument we have to slow the spread of the pandemic.
    keywords: license; medrxiv; preprint
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        item: #186 of 5187
          id: cord-102833-hh4641o0
      author: Sarkis-Onofre, Rafael
       title: Decontamination of N95 respirators against SARS-CoV-2: a scoping review
        date: 2020-11-13
       words: 5950
      flesch: 30
     summary: However, there is a lack of evidence and consensus related to the best method of N95 respirator decontamination. Vaporized hydrogen peroxide and ultraviolet irradiation seem to be the current standard for N95 respirator decontamination.
    keywords: covid-19; decontamination; heat; hydrogen; masks; n95; peroxide; respirators; studies; ultraviolet; use
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        item: #187 of 5187
          id: cord-102842-51n5mnjb
      author: Węglarz-Tomczak, Ewelina
       title: Ebselen as a highly active inhibitor of PLProCoV2
        date: 2020-05-17
       words: 3336
      flesch: 50
     summary: PL Pro from SARS-CoV-1 (PL Pro SARS) and PL Pro CoV2 are closely related, with 82.9% sequence identity, and relatively distant from PL Pro from MERS (32.9% identity). in [8, 26] that showed PL Pro SARS has a catalytic triad composed of Cys112-His273-Asp287.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; cov2; ebselen; pro; protease; sars
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        item: #188 of 5187
          id: cord-102920-z5q3wo7v
      author: Sang, Eric R.
       title: Integrate Structural Analysis, Isoform Diversity, and Interferon-Inductive Propensity of ACE2 to Refine SARS-CoV2 Susceptibility Prediction in Vertebrates
        date: 2020-06-28
       words: 6466
      flesch: 39
     summary: Our current results demonstrate several previously unstudied immunogenetic properties of animal ACE2 genes and imply some domestic animals, including dogs, pigs and cattle/goats, may obtain some immunogenetic diversity to confront SARS-CoV2 infection and face less COVID-19 risk than may have been previously thought. Data show that animal ACE2 gene promoters are evolutionally different in containing IFN-or virus-stimulated response elements (ISRE, PRDI, IFRs, and/or STAT1/3 factors) and cis-elements responsive to pro-inflammatory mediators.
    keywords: ace2; animal; cov2; fig; genes; human; ifn; isoforms; rbd; sars; species; susceptibility
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        item: #189 of 5187
          id: cord-103112-m6cg67lz
      author: Schloer, Sebastian
       title: Targeting the endolysosomal host-SARS-CoV-2 interface by clinically licensed functional inhibitors of acid sphingomyelinase (FIASMA) including the antidepressant fluoxetine
        date: 2020-08-16
       words: 1557
      flesch: 35
     summary: Fig. 1 , both drug treatments were well tolerated, and cell viability was unaffected over A key feature of the late endosomal compartment is the acidic pH. We, therefore, assessed 243 whether fluoxetine treatment impacted endolysosomal pH values in Calu-3 cells, utilizing a 244 quantitative ratiometric fluorescence microscopy assay 12,13 . Calu-3 cells grown on semipermeable supports were infected with SARS-CoV-2 isolate at 0.1 449 MOI for 48 h. Cells were treated 1 h p.i.
    keywords: cells; fluoxetine; host; sars
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        item: #190 of 5187
          id: cord-103497-1ls2dvzy
      author: Ganier, C
       title: CD147 (BSG) but not ACE2 expression is detectable in vascular endothelial cells within single cell RNA sequencing datasets derived from multiple tissues in healthy individuals
        date: 2020-05-29
       words: 1431
      flesch: 32
     summary: key: cord-103497-1ls2dvzy authors: Ganier, C; Du-Harpur, X; Harun, N; Wan, B; Arthurs, C; Luscombe, NM; Watt, FM; Lynch, MD title: CD147 (BSG) but not ACE2 expression is detectable in vascular endothelial cells within single cell RNA sequencing datasets derived from multiple tissues in healthy individuals date: 2020-05-29 journal: bioRxiv DOI: 10.1101/2020.05.29.123513 sha: doc_id: 103497 cord_uid: 1ls2dvzy Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and is associated with a wide range of systemic manifestations. We found that CD147 (BSG) but not ACE2 is detectable in vascular endothelial cells within single cell sequencing datasets derived from multiple tissues in healthy individuals.
    keywords: ace2; cells
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        item: #191 of 5187
          id: cord-103545-2v89ku4o
      author: Bellos, Ioannis
       title: Maternal and perinatal outcomes in pregnant women infected by SARS-CoV-2: A meta-analysis
        date: 2020-11-13
       words: 5205
      flesch: 38
     summary: First Case in Portugal Asymptomatic COVID-19 infection in late pregnancy indicated no vertical transmission Clinical manifestations and outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy Clinical characteristics of 19 neonates born to mothers with COVID-19 Analysis of vaginal delivery outcomes among pregnant women in Wuhan, China during the COVID-19 pandemic Lack of Vertical Transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Emergency cesarean section on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) confirmed patient Association of COVID-19 infection with pregnancy outcomes in healthcare workers and general women Mortality of a pregnant patient diagnosed with COVID-19: The rate of neonatal transmission did not differ between women with and without severe disease (OR: 1.94, 95% CI: 0.50-7.60).
    keywords: analysis; case; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; neonatal; sars; studies; transmission
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        item: #192 of 5187
          id: cord-103576-g5de4fwj
      author: Kriegel, M.
       title: Predicted Infection Risk via Aerosols
        date: 2020-10-12
       words: 4014
      flesch: 56
     summary: During breathing through the nose about 117 25 particles/s was emitted and during coughing about 13,700 particles/cough, whereas it can 118 be seen that depending on the activity a wide range of particle emission rates can be found. The virus can be transported on particles in air and the emission of aerosols can be used as an 113 indicator for the emission of virus, but a correlation between q and the aerosol emission rate 114 (E) has not been investigated so far.
    keywords: aerosols; air; equation; infection; preprint; rate; risk
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        item: #193 of 5187
          id: cord-103659-wpwfqhp2
      author: Almqvist, J.
       title: Neurological manifestations of coronavirus infections: a systematic review
        date: 2020-09-01
       words: 6079
      flesch: 36
     summary: The lancet Clinical characteristics of 113 deceased patients with coronavirus disease 2019: retrospective study Dysregulation of immune response in patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China European Patients with mild-to-moderate Coronavirus Disease Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions as a clinical presentation of mild-to-moderate forms of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a multicenter European study Olfactory Bulb Magnetic Resonance Imaging in SARS-CoV-2-Induced Anosmia: The First Report Early recovery following new onset anosmia during the COVID-19 pandemic-an observational cohort study Acute-onset smell and taste disorders in the context of Covid-19: a pilot multicenter PCR-based case-control study Patterns of smell recovery in 751 patients affected by the COVID-19 outbreak Persistent Symptoms in Patients After Acute COVID-19 The emerging spectrum of COVID-19 neurology: clinical, radiological and laboratory findings COVID-19 related neuroimaging findings: A signal of thromboembolic complications and a strong prognostic marker of poor patient outcome Cerebrovascular disease in patients with COVID-19: neuroimaging, histological and clinical description Imaging in Neurological Disease of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: An Italian Multicenter Retrospective Observational Study Risk of Ischemic Stroke in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vs Patients With Influenza Neurological and neuropsychiatric complications of COVID-19 in 153 patients: a UK-wide surveillance study.
    keywords: copyright; cov-2; funder; holder; license; medrxiv; patients; peer; preprint; review; sars; september
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        item: #194 of 5187
          id: cord-103662-a4ok5wqc
      author: Tarek, M.
       title: Custommune: a web tool to design personalized and population-targeted vaccine epitopes
        date: 2020-04-29
       words: 8122
      flesch: 40
     summary: Therapeutic conserved elements (CE) DNA vaccine induces strong T-cell responses against highly conserved viral sequences during simian-human immunodeficiency virus infection HIV-1 conserved-element vaccines: relationship between sequence conservation and replicative capacity Post-therapy viral set-point abatement following combined antiproliferative and immune-boosting interventions: results from a randomised clinical trial The COVID-19 epidemic Evaluation of the establishment of herd immunity in the population by means of serological surveys and vaccination coverage NetMHCpan-4.0: Improved Peptide-MHC Class I Interaction Predictions Integrating Eluted Ligand and Peptide Binding Affinity Data Fast, scalable generation of high-quality protein multiple sequence alignments using Clustal Omega Mature HIV-1 capsid structure by cryo-electron microscopy and all-atom molecular dynamics Mechanisms of viral mutation BepiPred-2.0: improving sequencebased B-cell epitope prediction using conformational epitopes Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread New insights into the antiviral effects of chloroquine Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro Hydroxychloroquine and Azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: preliminary results of an open-label non-randomized clinical trial Substrate-based design of the first class of angiotensin-converting enzyme-related carboxypeptidase (ACE2) inhibitors ACE2 X-ray structures reveal a large hinge-bending motion important for inhibitor binding and catalysis Structural basis for the recognition of the SARS-CoV-2 by full-length human ACE2 Protein sequence alignments: a strategy for the hierarchical analysis of residue conservation Allele frequency net 2015 update: new features for HLA epitopes, KIR and disease and HLA adverse drug reaction associations The relationship between class I binding affinity and immunogenicity of potential cytotoxic T cell epitopes Screening and Identification of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Associated Coronavirus-Specific CTL Epitopes The $1,000 Genome: The Revolution in DNA Sequencing and the New Era of Personalized Medicine The epidemiological transition: the current status of infectious diseases in the developed world versus the developing world Therapeutic HIV Peptide Vaccine OpenVax: An Open-Source Computational Pipeline for Cancer Neoantigen Prediction How will country-based mitigation measures influence the course of the COVID-19 epidemic? Moreover, the choice of a highly conserved viral target as a source of vaccine epitopes should ensure a broadly effective response in those individuals for whom the vaccine should prove immunogenic.
    keywords: ace2; alleles; class; cov-2; custommune; design; epitopes; gag; hla; license; population; preprint; sars; sequences; vaccine
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        item: #195 of 5187
          id: cord-103709-86hv27vh
      author: Zhang, Dong Yan
       title: Prefusion spike protein stabilization through computational mutagenesis
        date: 2020-06-19
       words: 3245
      flesch: 45
     summary: Due to the critical role in viral-host interaction and the exposure of spike protein, it has been a focus of most vaccines’ developments. Thus, since the prefusion spike protein exists in a thermodynamically metastable state 1 , a stabilized mutant conformation is critical for the development of vaccines and drugs.
    keywords: conservation; pipeline; protein; residues; rmsf; sasa; spike; structure
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        item: #196 of 5187
          id: cord-103787-qhftb6d7
      author: Garcia, Elizabeth P.
       title: Scalable Transcriptional Analysis Routine—Multiplexed Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Platform for Gene Expression Analysis and Molecular Diagnostics
        date: 2005-10-31
       words: 7379
      flesch: 42
     summary: PCR primers are designed for each target so that the amplicon length serves as a unique identifier for each particular target. Second, because detection does not require probe hydrolysis, all restrictions related to the probe design (probe length and composition, distance to PCR primers) do not influence primer selection.
    keywords: amplification; analysis; expression; gene; multiplex; pcr; primers; reaction; rna; samples; sars; sequence; star; time
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        item: #197 of 5187
          id: cord-103837-iuvigqdx
      author: Knierman, Michael D.
       title: The Human Leukocyte Antigen Class II Immunopeptidome of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein
        date: 2020-11-13
       words: 8585
      flesch: 46
     summary: The donor ID is listed on X-axis and the total number of spike protein peptides from that particular donor denoted on the Y-axis. (A) Prevalence of peptide clusters across donors.
    keywords: cell; class; clusters; cov-2; donors; et al; glycoprotein; hla; human; peptides; protein; sars; sequence; spike; table
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        item: #198 of 5187
          id: cord-103872-yzqic5vt
      author: Liu, Zhijin
       title: Global view on virus infection in non-human primates and implication for public health and wildlife conservation
        date: 2020-05-13
       words: 1312
      flesch: 38
     summary: Non-human primates (NHPs), as our evolutionary closest relatives, are susceptible to human viruses, and a number of pathogens are known to circulate between humans and NHPs. The most prominent cases of virus transmission from wild NHPs to human are 54 simian foamy virus (SFV), yellow fever virus (YFV), Zika virus (ZIKV), and human 55 immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
    keywords: centrality; humans; nhps; virus
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        item: #199 of 5187
          id: cord-103899-6tqm99g1
      author: Mirzaei, Rasoul
       title: The emerging role of microRNAs in the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection
        date: 2020-11-13
       words: 9770
      flesch: 42
     summary: [121] Global Trends in Epidemiology of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Virus against virus: a potential treatment for 2019-nCov (SARS-CoV-2) and other RNA viruses A realistic two-strain model for MERS-CoV infection uncovers the high risk for epidemic propagation Development of genetic diagnostic methods for novel coronavirus 2019 (nCoV-2019) in Japan How miRNAs can protect humans from coronaviruses COVID-19 Overview of the current promising approaches for the development of an effective severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Immunological approaches and emerging pharmacologic treatments A novel coronavirus outbreak of global health concern Bacterial co-infections with SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19, SARS and MERS: are they closely related? Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic Exosome and exosomal microRNA: trafficking, sorting, and function Role of microRNAs in Staphylococcus aureus infection: Potential biomarkers and mechanism Role of microRNAs in the immune system, inflammation and cancer MicroRNAs and the immune response to respiratory virus infections Host Immune Response and Immunobiology of Human SARS-CoV-2 Infection The human immune system against Staphylococcus epidermidis Prevalence of atlE, ica, mecA, and mupA Genes in Staphylococcus epidermidis Isolates T cell-mediated immune response to respiratory coronaviruses Structural, glycosylation and antigenic variation between 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) and SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) T cell responses to whole SARS coronavirus in humans Profile of specific antibodies to the SARS-associated coronavirus Recent Advances in the Vaccine Development Against Middle East Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus Vaccine-elicited CD8+ T cells protect against respiratory syncytial virus strain A2-line19F-induced pathogenesis in BALB/c mice Interferon interplay helps tissue cells to cope with SARS-coronavirus infection CD8+ T cells and macrophages regulate pathogenesis in a mouse model of Middle East respiratory syndrome Dysregulation of immune response in patients with COVID-19 in Immunopathology of SARS-CoV-2 infection: immune cells and mediators, prognostic factors, and immune-therapeutic implications A contemporary review on pathogenesis and immunity of COVID-19 infection In vitro antiviral activity and projection of optimized dosing design of hydroxychloroquine for the treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Elevated exhaustion levels and reduced functional diversity of T cells in peripheral blood may predict severe progression in COVID-19 patients Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome Cytokine storm induced by SARS-CoV-2 Interferon-mediated immunopathological events are associated with atypical innate and adaptive immune responses in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome COVID-19: consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression Pattern recognition receptors and inflammation Activation of airway epithelial cells by toll-like receptor agonists NF-κB-dependent induction of microRNA miR-146, an inhibitor targeted to signaling proteins of innate immune responses Advances in microRNAs: implications for immunity and inflammatory diseases Expression and function of micro RNAs in immune cells during normal or disease state Integrating microRNAs into a system biology approach to acute lung injury miR-146a is critical for endotoxin-induced tolerance , regulates murine macrophage inflammatory responses Co-ordinated role of TLR3, RIG-I and MDA5 in the innate response to rhinovirus in bronchial epithelium Retinoic acidinducible gene I-inducible miR-23b inhibits infections by minor group rhinoviruses through downregulation of the very low density lipoprotein receptor MicroRNAs: small RNAs with big effects MicroRNAs and immunity: novel players in the regulation of normal immune function and inflammation, Seminars in cancer biology Skare, miR-181a is an intrinsic modulator of T cell sensitivity and selection Expression profiling of human immune cell subsets identifies miRNA-mRNA regulatory relationships correlated with cell type specific expression An emerging player in the adaptive immune response: microRNA-146a is a modulator of IL-2 expression and activation-induced cell death in T lymphocytes MicroRNA miR-155 affects antiviral effector and effector Memory CD8 T cell differentiation Micro-RNA 155 is required for optimal CD8+ T cell responses to acute viral and intracellular bacterial challenges Rosas-Taraco, microRNAs in viral acute respiratory infections: immune regulation, biomarkers, therapy, and vaccines A recently identified rhinovirus genotype is associated with severe respiratory-tract infection in children in Germany Structure of a human common cold virus and functional relationship to other picornaviruses Rhinovirus and dsRNA induce RIG-I-like receptors and expression of interferon β
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; expression; host; human; infection; mers; micrornas; mirnas; proteins; replication; responses; rsv; sars; study; target; virus
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        item: #200 of 5187
          id: cord-103914-ppgx7mci
      author: Maughan, Elizabeth F.
       title: Cell-intrinsic differences between human airway epithelial cells from children and adults
        date: 2020-04-20
       words: 8208
      flesch: 38
     summary: The differentiated cell types in this slow-turnover tissue are replenished by airway basal cells, which act as multipotent progenitors (Rock et al., 2010; Teixeira et al., 2013) . However, the majority of differentially expressed genes do not have previously described roles in airway basal cells.
    keywords: adult; age; airway; analysis; basal; cells; children; culture; differences; epithelium; et al; expression; figure; genes; human; lung; medium; paediatric; rna; samples
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        item: #201 of 5187
          id: cord-103940-a2cqw8kg
      author: Shi, Yuejun
       title: Insight into vaccine development for Alpha-coronaviruses based on structural and immunological analyses of spike proteins
        date: 2020-06-09
       words: 3221
      flesch: 52
     summary: Mice sera of HCoV-229E S trimer (orange) and HCoV-229E Since the S1 protein is expressed in a monomeric form, RBD is not restricted by 257 We compared the structures of S trimers and RBDs among alpha-coronaviruses 258 (Figs. 1B and 6A) .
    keywords: alpha; cov; hcov-229e; rbd; sars; trimer
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        item: #202 of 5187
          id: cord-103945-q3ry13vp
      author: de Oliveira, P. M.
       title: Evolution of spray and aerosol from respiratory releases: theoretical estimates for insight on viral transmission
        date: 2020-07-24
       words: 9285
      flesch: 50
     summary: The well-mixed approximation results in an uniform concentration of suspended viral aerosol droplets that are generated by speaking and reduced via simultaneous ventilation removal, viral inactivation and gravity, similar to Fig. 11(b) . For aerosol droplets in particular, removal by gravity starts only after 20 min with the gravitational settling rate reaching a steady-state value of about 0.39 h −1 (0.13 h −1 for suspended aerosol droplets by coughing) after 30 min. Both viral inactivation and removal by gravity have a small cleansing effect for the aerosols; hence ventilation removal must be added if continuous speaking is to be safe.
    keywords: aerosol; dose; droplet; evaporation; fig; infection; license; mass; medrxiv; preprint; settling; speaking; time
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        item: #203 of 5187
          id: cord-104081-a3fx8tyd
      author: Tang, Tiffany
       title: Proteolytic activation of the SARS-CoV-2 spike S1/S2 site: a re-evaluation of furin cleavage
        date: 2020-10-05
       words: 4017
      flesch: 45
     summary: ProP predicts furin cleavage sites based on networks derived from experimental data, whereas PiTou uses a combination of a hidden Markov model and biological knowledge-based cumulative probability score functions to characterize a 20 amino acid motif from P14 to P6' that reflects the binding strength and accessibility of the motif in the furin binding pocket. The Coronavirus Spike Protein and Acquisition of Fusion Competence Efficient Activation of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Spike Protein by the Transmembrane Protease TMPRSS2 Inhibitors of cathepsin L prevent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus entry Host cell entry of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus after two-step, furin-mediated activation of the spike protein Proteolytic processing of middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus spikes expands virus tropism Different residues in the SARS-CoV spike protein determine cleavage and activation by the host cell protease TMPRSS2 Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation Phylogenetic Analysis and Structural Modeling of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Reveals an Evolutionary Distinct and Proteolytically Sensitive Activation Loop Proprotein convertase models based on the crystal structures of furin and kexin: Explanation of their specificity The crystal structure of the proprotein processing proteinase furin explains its stringent specificity A Database of 20-residue furin cleavage site motifs, substrates and their associated drugs The pore-forming toxin proaerolysin is activated by furin SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor Article SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor Structure, Function, and Antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein Characterization of spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 on virus entry and its immune cross-reactivity with SARS-CoV Cleavage Site in the Spike Protein of SARS-CoV-2 Is Essential for Infection of Human Lung Cells TMPRSS2 and furin are both essential for proteolytic activation of SARS-CoV-2 in human airway cells Computational prediction of furin cleavage sites by a hybrid method and understanding mechanism underlying diseases Prediction of proprotein convertase cleavage sites SARS-CoV-2 and bat RaTG13 spike glycoprotein structures inform on virus evolution and furin-cleavage effects The proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2 Receptor usage and cell entry of bat coronavirus HKU4 provide insight into bat-tohuman transmission of MERS coronavirus Production of pseudotyped particles to study highly pathogenic coronaviruses in a biosafety level 2 setting Ca 2+ ions promote fusion of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus with host cells and increase infectivity Coronavirus membrane fusion mechanism offers a potential target for antiviral development Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Spike Protein Is Not Activated Directly by Cellular Furin during Viral Entry into Target Cells α1-Antitrypsin Portland, a bioengineered serpin highly selective for furin: Application as an antipathogenic agent Proteolytic Cleavage of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein and the Role of the Novel S1/S2 Site The furin cleavage site of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein is a key determinant for transmission due to enhanced replication in airway cells A Single Immunization with Nucleoside-Modified mRNA Vaccines Elicits
    keywords: cells; cleavage; cov-2; furin; protein; sars; site
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        item: #204 of 5187
          id: cord-104162-fe51v2pt
      author: Zhang, Chiyu
       title: Potential Achilles heels of SARS-CoV-2 displayed by the base order-dependent component of RNA folding energy
        date: 2020-11-02
       words: 3746
      flesch: 42
     summary: [22] were primarily concerned with the statistical significance of RNA folding, rather than with distinguishing the relative contributions of base composition and base order. Just as a local arrangement of words conveys specific meaning to a text, so base order better reflects local evolutionary pressures.
    keywords: base; composition; folding; genome; order; regions; rna; sars; structure
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        item: #205 of 5187
          id: cord-104435-y7mxyein
      author: Alabdulmonem, Waleed
       title: COVID-19: A global public health disaster
        date: 2020
       words: 597
      flesch: 43
     summary: [9] The transmission of virus can be decreased to a large extent by adopting strict infection control policies, which are basically a team base efforts and everyone has to play their roles. Inactivation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 by WHO-recommended hand rub formulations and alcohols
    keywords: sars; virus
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        item: #206 of 5187
          id: cord-104500-m0kfom0x
      author: Kyriakopoulos, Anthony M.
       title: The Potential Role of Super Spread Events in SARS-COV-2 Pandemic; a Narrative Review
        date: 2020-09-21
       words: 6850
      flesch: 31
     summary: Lessons from SARS epidemic taught us that the key to control is minimizing the time from the diagnosis of infection to prompt hospital isolation and diminishing the probability Table 3 : Key clinical and laboratory screening functions to appropriately forecast, prevent, and confront SARS! SARS epidemic taught us that control programs were inefficient in controlling the epidemic within a population, and failed to identify and provide a targeted infection diagnosis in groups causing potential SSEs (5, 17) .
    keywords: articles; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; epidemic; hepatitis; human; infection; mers; potential; sars; sses; super; syndrome; transmission
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        item: #207 of 5187
          id: cord-104501-e5e0xrou
      author: Bashash, Davood
       title: The Prognostic Value of Thrombocytopenia in COVID-19 Patients; a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
        date: 2020-09-19
       words: 2758
      flesch: 37
     summary: A modern and pragmatic definition of Laboratory Medicine The critical role of laboratory medicine during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and other viral outbreaks Abolghasemi H. Laboratory Findings in COVID-19 Diagnosis and Prognosis Prediction models for diagnosis and prognosis of covid-19 infection: systematic review and critical appraisal Mechanism of thrombocytopenia in COVID-19 patients Exploring possible mechanisms for COVID-19 induced thrombocytopenia: Unanswered Questions Thrombocytopenia in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. The Lancet respiratory medicine Summary of probable SARS cases with onset of illness from 1 November Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Real estimates of mortality following COVID-19 infection.
    keywords: analysis; covid-19; disease; patients; platelet; studies
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        item: #208 of 5187
          id: cord-104507-xx7t26rl
      author: Safari, Saeid
       title: Extracorporeal Hemoperfusion as a Potential Therapeutic Option for Severe COVID-19 patients; a Narrative Review
        date: 2020-08-22
       words: 3428
      flesch: 20
     summary: key: cord-104507-xx7t26rl authors: Safari, Saeid; Salimi, Alireza; Zali, Alireza; Jahangirifard, Alireza; Bastanhagh, Ehsan; Aminnejad, Reza; Dabbagh, Ali; Lotfi, Amir Hossein; Saeidi, Mohammad title: Extracorporeal Hemoperfusion as a Potential Therapeutic Option for Severe COVID-19 patients; a Narrative Review date: 2020-08-22 journal: In Italy, the formal recommendation is made by the Italy Brescia Renal COVID Task Force and a publication by the Italian Society of Nephrology and ERA-EDTA, to specifically use CytoSorb in severe COVID-19 patients with Stage 3 renal failure on continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) (50) .
    keywords: covid-19; cytokine; hemoperfusion; mediators; patients; shock; syndrome; therapy; treatment
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        item: #209 of 5187
          id: cord-122092-gdyt02er
      author: Fatehi, Farzad
       title: Comparing antiviral strategies against COVID-19 via multi-scale within host modelling
        date: 2020-10-18
       words: 10084
      flesch: 51
     summary: medRxiv The architecture of SARS-CoV-2 transcriptome Mathematical modeling of triphasic viral dynamics in patients with HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B showing response to 24-week clevudine therapy Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and corona virus disease-2019 (COVID-19): the epidemic and the challenges The incubation period of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from publicly reported confirmed cases: estimation and application Droplet expulsion from the respiratory tract In silico single cell dynamics of hepatitis B virus infection and clearance Viral and cellular mRNA translation in coronavirusinfected cells Modeling within-host dynamics of influenza virus infection including immune responses Comparative study of the effects of heptameric slippery site composition on -1 frameshifting among different eukaryotic systems A contemporary view of coronavirus transcription Kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 specific IgM and IgG responses in COVID-19 patients How can viral dynamics models inform endpoint measures in clinical trials of therapies for acute viral infections Therapeutic efficacy of the small molecule GS-5734 against Ebola virus in rhesus monkeys Fields Virology Exhaled droplets due to talking and coughing Epidemiologic features and clinical course of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Singapore Binding mechanism of remdesivir to SARS-CoV-2 RNA dependent RNA polymerase SARS-CoV-2 viral load in upper respiratory specimens of infected patients Exact stochastic simulation of coupled chemical reactions Coronaviruses: an overview of their replication and pathogenesis Control of translation initiation: a model-based analysis from limited experimental data Viral and cellular mRNA translation in coronavirusinfected cells A structural view of SARS-CoV-2 RNA replication machinery: RNA synthesis, proofreading and final capping The severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus replicative protein nsp9 is a single-stranded RNA-binding subunit unique in the RNA virus world Determination of host proteins composing the microenvironment of coronavirus replicase complexes by proximity-labeling Emerging coronaviruses: genome structure, replication, and pathogenesis Dynamics of coronavirus replication-transcription complexes Our stochastic model of viral infection dynamics within an infected host cell tracks the different viral and cellular components required for formation of progeny virus.
    keywords: cells; fig; infection; load; model; rate; rna; rtc; sars; therapy; time; treatment
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        item: #210 of 5187
          id: cord-124012-5zxkd2jy
      author: Schwab, Patrick
       title: predCOVID-19: A Systematic Study of Clinical Predictive Models for Coronavirus Disease 2019
        date: 2020-05-17
       words: 5102
      flesch: 24
     summary: Here, we study clinical predictive models that estimate, using machine learning and based on routinely collected clinical data, which patients are likely to receive a positive SARS-CoV-2 test, require hospitalisation or intensive care. The adoption of clinical predictive models that accurately predict who is likely to require testing, hospitalisation and intensive care from routinely collected clinical data could potentially further reduce peak demand by ensuring resources are prioritised to those individuals with the highest risk ( Figure 1 ).
    keywords: admission; cov-2; covid-19; data; hospital; models; patients; predictive; sars; test
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        item: #211 of 5187
          id: cord-126015-zc7u3g34
      author: Krieger, Elizabeth
       title: Immunological determinants of clinical outcomes in COVID-19: A quantitative perspective
        date: 2020-05-13
       words: 6427
      flesch: 28
     summary: H1N1) 2009 Pandemic: A Case-Control Study Cytomegalovirus Infection in Ireland: Seroprevalence, HLA Class I Alleles, and Implications Mathematical modeling provides kinetic details of the human immune response to vaccination A qualitatively validated mathematical-computational model of the immune response to the yellow fever vaccine Modeling Influenza Virus Infection: A Roadmap for Influenza Research Dynamical System Modeling of Immune Reconstitution after Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation Identifies Patients at Risk for Adverse Outcomes Dynamical system modeling to simulate donor T cell response to whole exome sequencing-derived recipient peptides: Understanding randomness in alloreactivity incidence following stem cell transplantation Dynamical System Modeling to Simulate Donor T Cell Response to Whole Exome Sequencing-Derived Recipient Peptides Demonstrates Different Alloreactivity Potential in HLA-Matched and -Mismatched Donor-Recipient Pairs Killer Immunoglobulin-Like Receptor-Ligand Interactions Predict Clinical Outcomes following Unrelated Donor Transplantations Stem cell transplantation as a dynamical system: are clinical outcomes deterministic? Understanding how combinations of HLA and KIR genes influence disease Direct Recognition of Cytomegalovirus by Activating and Inhibitory NK Cell Receptors Determining the Quantitative Principles of T Cell Response to Antigenic Disparity in Stem Cell Transplantation To better understand what impact these genetic variants in immune response genes may have in the differences observed in the immune response to SARS-CoV-2, a quantitative analysis of a dynamical systems model that considers both, the magnitude of viral growth, and the subsequent innate and adaptive response required to achieve control of infection is considered.
    keywords: cell; cov-2; cytokine; disease; hla; infection; kir; patients; polymorphism; receptor; response; sars; toll; virus
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        item: #212 of 5187
          id: cord-127741-h23w89h2
      author: Babuji, Yadu
       title: Targeting SARS-CoV-2 with AI- and HPC-enabled Lead Generation: A First Data Release
        date: 2020-05-28
       words: 2444
      flesch: 41
     summary: We intend to supplement this dataset in future releases with more datasets, further enrichments, tools to extract potential drugs from natural language text, and machine learning models to sift the best candidates for protein docking simulations from the billions of available molecules. In Figure 4 , we show an example of loading and display image data from a batch of files from the FFI dataset.
    keywords: cov-2; data; database; dataset; molecules; smiles; source; use
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        item: #213 of 5187
          id: cord-130351-w9mij6c6
      author: Mamidala, Estari
       title: In silico identification of clinically approved medicines against the main protease of SARS-CoV-2, causative agent of covid-19
        date: 2020-04-25
       words: 2683
      flesch: 44
     summary: Among the 47 approved drugs, 2 drugs are anti-H1N1 drugs, 4 are anti-TB drugs, 24 are anti-HIV-1 drugs and 17 are anti-malarial drugs are selected from PubChem database. Docking studies revealed that drug Oseltamivir (anti-H1N1 drug), Rifampin (anti-TB drug), Maraviroc, Etravirine, Indinavir, Rilpivirine (anti-HIV drugs) and Atovaquone, Quinidine, Halofantrine, Amodiaquine, Tetracylcine, Azithromycin, hydroxycholoroquine (anti-malarial drugs) among others binds in the active site of the protease with similar or higher affinity.
    keywords: anti; cov-2; covid-19; docking; drugs; protease; sars
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        item: #214 of 5187
          id: cord-133453-23rfdkuw
      author: Chen, Jiahui
       title: Prediction and mitigation of mutation threats to COVID-19 vaccines and antibody therapies
        date: 2020-10-13
       words: 8197
      flesch: 51
     summary: From these studies, we infer that some of S protein mutations may disrupt the binding of antibodies and S protein, which will further affect the efficacy and reliability of vaccines. To investigate the influences of existing S protein mutations on the binding free energy (BFE) of S protein and antibodies, we consider 133 mutations occurred on the S protein RBD which are relevant to the binding of SARS-CoV-2 S protein and antibodies as well as ACE2.
    keywords: ace2; antibodies; antibody; bfe; binding; cells; changes; cov-2; covid-19; figure; mutations; protein; rbd; response; s protein; sars; vaccines
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        item: #215 of 5187
          id: cord-138439-wvynetna
      author: Wei, Xiyi
       title: Sex Differences in Severity and Mortality Among Patients With COVID-19: Evidence from Pooled Literature Analysis and Insights from Integrated Bioinformatic Analysis
        date: 2020-03-30
       words: 4729
      flesch: 42
     summary: Leung et al, 68 showed that in SARS patients, men were more likely to experience adverse events. 75 Anterior studies have reported that the high expression of ACE2 receptor in idiosyncratic organs of SARS patients pertains to the corresponding specific organ failure.
    keywords: ace2; analysis; cases; clinical; coronavirus; covid-19; data; male; patients; sars; sex; studies
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        item: #216 of 5187
          id: cord-138656-8iyynbup
      author: Furuyama, Taima N.
       title: Temporal data series of COVID-19 epidemics in the USA, Asia and Europe suggests a selective sweep of SARS-CoV-2 Spike D614G variant
        date: 2020-06-20
       words: 3036
      flesch: 50
     summary: If there is a correlation between the D614G variant prevalence and higher SARS-CoV-2 transmission, then the epidemiological data might reveal a significant correlation between D614G prevalence and the growth rate coefficients of epidemic curves globally. This is observed from D614G distribution data.
    keywords: d614; east; europe; g614; time; west
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        item: #217 of 5187
          id: cord-140318-xtx8hl14
      author: Martin, Alexandra
       title: High-sensitivity COVID-19 group testing by digital PCR
        date: 2020-06-03
       words: 4254
      flesch: 49
     summary: This can prevent weakly positive specimen from being detected in group samples (3, 8) . Group testing has been proposed as a solution to expand testing capabilities but sensitivity concerns have limited its impact on the management of the pandemic.
    keywords: dpcr; groups; individual; pcr; samples; sars; testing
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        item: #218 of 5187
          id: cord-142389-t5swlp04
      author: Linden, Matthias
       title: The foreshadow of a second wave: An analysis of current COVID-19 fatalities in Germany
        date: 2020-10-12
       words: 3741
      flesch: 58
     summary: To re-establish control, and to avoid the tipping point when TTI capacity is exceeded, case numbers have to be lowered. However, already the increasing case numbers put the mitigation strategy at risk, because with case numbers being too high, local tipping points are crossed, which makes the control increasingly difficult, impedes the targeted protection of the vulnerable people, and leads to self-accelerating spread [1, 2] .
    keywords: age; cases; cov-2; deaths; der; die; fatality; groups; ifr; infection; number; rate; sars; und; wave
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        item: #219 of 5187
          id: cord-146091-kpvxdhcu
      author: Sanchez-Lorenzo, Arturo
       title: Anomalous atmospheric circulation favored the spread of COVID-19 in Europe
        date: 2020-04-26
       words: 3238
      flesch: 43
     summary: medRxiv Roles of meteorological conditions in COVID-19 transmission on a worldwide scale Spread of SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus likely to be constrained by climate. This resembles the spatial patterns described above for the current COVID-19 outbreak, both in terms of the spatial distribution of the mortality of the pandemic over Europe as well as in prevailing atmospheric circulation conditions before the major outbreak.
    keywords: conditions; covid-19; europe; figure; italy; spain; transmission; virus
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        item: #220 of 5187
          id: cord-146679-g7qioapl
      author: Jaimes, Javier A.
       title: Structural modeling of 2019-novel coronavirus (nCoV) spike protein reveals a proteolytically-sensitive activation loop as a distinguishing feature compared to SARS-CoV and related SARS-like coronaviruses
        date: 2020-02-14
       words: 3708
      flesch: 39
     summary: We have previously shown that the S1/S2 site can be modeled in other CoV S proteins and it appears to organize as a flexible exposed loop that extends from the S structure and suggest it could be easily accessible for proteolytic activation (Jaimes et al., 2020). This feature suggests that the S1/S2 loop in 2019-nCoV S could be more exposed for proteolytic processing by host cell proteases.
    keywords: 2019; coronavirus; cov; ncov; protein; sars; site
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        item: #221 of 5187
          id: cord-151024-qe7c2uks
      author: Koca, Caglar
       title: Molecular Communication Theoretical Modeling and Analysis of SARS-CoV2 Transmission in Human Respiratory System
        date: 2020-11-07
       words: 5634
      flesch: 48
     summary: Note that, since bound ACE2 receptors downregulate, large N (y) only case cannot be modelled as a linear time invariant system. These results are especially important to understand the effect of SARS-CoV2 on the different human populations at different ages who have different mucus flow rates and ACE2 receptor concentrations in the different regions of the respiratory tract.
    keywords: ace2; binding; cov2; human; mucus; receptor; sars; system; tract; virus; viruses
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        item: #222 of 5187
          id: cord-153725-jjefjlx2
      author: Sahoo, Suban K
       title: Computational evidence on repurposing the anti-influenza drugs baloxavir acid and baloxavir marboxil against COVID-19
        date: 2020-09-02
       words: 2221
      flesch: 49
     summary: The docking results supporting the ability of the influenza antiviral drugs BXA and BXM to inhibit the activity of SARS-CoV-2 RdRp protein. Therefore, the research work to search new potential drugs are also ongoing globally that can be repurposed against COVID-19.
    keywords: bxa; bxm; drugs; rdrp; sars
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        item: #223 of 5187
          id: cord-154170-7pnz98o6
      author: Ponciano, Jos'e Miguel
       title: Poverty levels, societal and individual heterogeneities explain the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic growth in Latin America
        date: 2020-05-22
       words: 3254
      flesch: 39
     summary: The models we have examined and compared included compartmental SEIR models and models with demographic stochasticity and environmental noise with added sampling error and a poverty random effect (the SEG model). We draw on prior work in conservation biology, population dynamics and epidemiological theory to complement the current suite of deterministic epidemiological models, characterize the role of urban poverty in shaping the region's SARS-CoV-2 epidemics, and develop a methodology to generate short (5-15 days), sequentially updatable, process-based forecasts.
    keywords: cases; countries; data; growth; model; number; poverty; time
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        item: #224 of 5187
          id: cord-154844-nuqx3tv6
      author: Misirli, Goksel
       title: A comparative analysis for SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-04-08
       words: 1665
      flesch: 54
     summary: The proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Recognition by the Novel Coronavirus from Wuhan: an Analysis Based on Decade-Long Structural Studies of SARS Coronavirus Announcing the worldwide Protein Data Bank Cryo-EM structures of MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV spike glycoproteins reveal the dynamic receptor binding domains Protein Data Bank, Structure of 2019-nCoV chimeric receptor-binding domain complexed with its receptor human ACE2 The European Bioinformatics Institute, COVID-19 Outbreak Structural basis of receptor recognition by SARS-CoV-2 A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China Figure 4 shows the alignment of the surface glycoprotein amino acid sequences from SARS-CoV-2 (LC528232) and SARS-CoV (AP006557).
    keywords: binding; figure; sars; sequence
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        item: #225 of 5187
          id: cord-158628-71n1tgrw
      author: Russo, Giulia
       title: In Silico Trial to test COVID-19 candidate vaccines: a case study with UISS platform
        date: 2020-05-05
       words: 5603
      flesch: 44
     summary: DC are able (through a mechanism known as nibbling process [46] ) to cross present the antigen complexed with MHC-I proteins to let adaptive immune response to recognize and kill virus infected cells. s the epicenter of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID- 19) and emerging severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) caused by novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) spread is making its way across the world, global healthcare finds itself facing tremendous challenges.
    keywords: cells; cov-2; day; infection; mab; panel; sars; silico; system; uiss; virus
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        item: #226 of 5187
          id: cord-161674-nk0wie0w
      author: Liu, Zhi
       title: Implications of the virus-encoded miRNA and host miRNA in the pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-04-10
       words: 5144
      flesch: 42
     summary: In this study, we use computational approaches to scan the SARS-CoV-2 genome for putative miRNAs and predict the virus miRNA targets on virus and human genome as well as the host miRNAs targets on virus genome. For the genes hijacked by virus genome, the functional keywords were enriched in chemotaxis, cytokine, chemokine and immune for the entire four viruses studied ( Figure S1B ), and HCoV-NL63.
    keywords: cell; cov-2; figure; genes; genome; host; human; infection; mirna; pre; sars; virus
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        item: #227 of 5187
          id: cord-167889-um3djluz
      author: Chen, Jianguo
       title: A Survey on Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Fighting Against COVID-19
        date: 2020-07-04
       words: 12258
      flesch: 46
     summary: The radiological signs of COVID-19 CXR images include airspace opacity, GGO, and later mergers. The architecture of the COVID-19 outbreak prediction model based on AI models is shown in Fig.
    keywords: cases; classification; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; cxr; data; deep; detection; disease; drug; et al; features; images; learning; lung; methods; model; patients; potential; prediction; protein; sars; sequences; website
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        item: #228 of 5187
          id: cord-171703-n22tr8f2
      author: Hanmo, Li
       title: Robust estimation of SARS-CoV-2 epidemic at US counties
        date: 2020-10-22
       words: 13242
      flesch: 54
     summary: = β i, j (t)I i, j (t)/N i, j , which quantifies the risk of a susceptible individual in county j from state i to catch SARS-CoV-2 on day t. Here the risk is in an average sense among all susceptible individuals in a region. The studies of prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies based on serology tests 14 can be used to determine the size of population that have contracted SARS-CoV-2, and thus provides estimates on death rate, as the death toll is observed.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; death; model; number; sars; toll; transmission
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        item: #229 of 5187
          id: cord-179749-qdbmpi7j
      author: Sacks, Daniel W.
       title: What can we learn about SARS-CoV-2 prevalence from testing and hospital data?
        date: 2020-08-01
       words: 10737
      flesch: 51
     summary: In practice we find that the lower bound is always higher in the non-COVID hospitalization sub-population than in the general population, so in practice this assumption implies that the lower bound on population prevalence is the confirmed positive rate among non-COVID hospitalizations. We pursue two types of assumptions that enable extrapolation from non-COVID hospital populations to the general population: (i) monotone selection into hospitalization and (ii) risk-independent hospitalization.
    keywords: bounds; covid; data; hospital; hospitalizations; population; prevalence; sample; sars; test; testing
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        item: #230 of 5187
          id: cord-184744-oyc2djxk
      author: Parvez, Md Sorwer Alam
       title: Virtual Screening of Plant Metabolites against Main protease, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and Spike protein of SARS-CoV-2: Therapeutics option of COVID-19
        date: 2020-05-22
       words: 3659
      flesch: 41
     summary: Drug discoveries & therapeutics Research and development on therapeutic agents and vaccines for COVID-19 and related human coronavirus diseases Quantitative structure-activity relationship and molecular docking revealed a potency of anti-hepatitis C virus drugs against human corona viruses From SARS to MERS, thrusting coronaviruses into the spotlight Homologous recombination within the spike glycoprotein of the newly identified coronavirus may boost cross-species transmission from snake to human Structure of SARS coronavirus spike receptor-binding domain complexed with receptor Substrate specificity profiling and identification of a new class of inhibitor for the major protease of the SARS coronavirus Design of wide-spectrum inhibitors targeting coronavirus main proteases Antiviral drugs specific for coronaviruses in preclinical development. Hence, extensive in silico studies were performed to identify potential drug candidates, for example, Prulifloxacin, Bictegravir, Nelfinavir, and Tegobuvi, were identified as repurposing candidates against COVID-19 by looking for drugs with high binding capacity with SARS-CoV main protease [28] .
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; drug; inhibitors; kcal; protease; protein; rna; sars; spike
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        item: #231 of 5187
          id: cord-189561-jhvwozsn
      author: Chechetkin, Vladimr R.
       title: Combining Detection and Reconstruction of Periodic Motifs in Genomic Sequences with Transitional Genome Mapping
        date: 2020-10-14
       words: 4190
      flesch: 49
     summary: Development and use of molecular markers: past and present Practical applications of DNA genotyping in diagnostic pathology Short tandem repeat expansions and RNA-mediated pathogenesis in myotonic dystrophy Advanced topics in forensic DNA typing: methodology Forensic use of Y-chromosome DNA: a general overview Satellites in the prokaryote world Gene prediction based on DNA spectral analysis: a literature review 10-11 bp periodicities in complete genomes reflect protein structure and DNA folding Coexistence of different base periodicities in prokaryotic genomes as related to DNA curvature, supercoiling, and transcription The 14-fold periodicity in alpha-tropomyosin and the interaction with actin Search of hidden periodicities in DNA sequences Hierarchical structure of cascade of primary and secondary periodicities in Fourier power spectrum of alphoid higher order repeats Periodic power spectrum with applications in detection of latent periodicities in DNA sequences Identification of CpG islands in DNA sequences using short-time Fourier transform Large-scale chromosome folding versus genomic DNA sequences: A discrete double Fourier transform technique Detection of large-scale noisy multi-periodic patterns with discrete double Fourier transform Detection of large-scale noisy multi-periodic patterns with discrete double Fourier transform. The study of correlation structures of DNA sequences: a critical review Study of statistical correlations in DNA sequences Repeats and correlations in human DNA sequences Information decomposition method to analyze symbolical sequences Order and correlations in genomic DNA sequences.
    keywords: genomic; motifs; sars; sequences; step; tamgi
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        item: #232 of 5187
          id: cord-190207-en96o8zo
      author: Jim'enez-Avalos, Gabriel M.
       title: High-Throughput Virtual Screening of 4487 flavonoids: New insights on the structural inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease
        date: 2020-08-30
       words: 6223
      flesch: 47
     summary: Besides, these compounds have been evaluated against different binding sites in M PRO (SBS, DBS and CBS), and the resulting binding energies were favourable for flavonoid-protein complexes. M PRO structure was procured in two distinct conformations: a free conformation (PDB: 6YB7) and another conformation induced by an inhibiting ligand in the active site (PDB: 6LU7).
    keywords: binding; compounds; docking; ligand; protease; protein; residues; sars; sbs; site; structure
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        item: #233 of 5187
          id: cord-190540-zf5ksac2
      author: Rakshit, Kausik
       title: An effective approach to reduce the penetration potential of Sars-Cov-2 and other viruses by spike protein: Through surface particle electrostatic charge negotiation
        date: 2020-06-18
       words: 2075
      flesch: 22
     summary: Reviewing the works of different authors, regarding charges, surface charge densities ({sigma}), charge mobility ({mu}) and electrostatic potentials of different aerosols under varied experimental conditions, a similar intensive study has also been carried out to investigate the electron donating and accepting (hole donating) properties of the spike proteins (S-proteins) of different RNA and DNA viruses, including SARS-COV-2. An intensive study have been carried out to find out the generation of electrostatic charges due to the surface emission of electrons (SEE), when a conducting material like silk, nylon or wool makes a friction with the Gr IV elements like Germanium or Silicon, it creates an opposite layer of charges in the outer conducting surface and the inner semiconducting surface separated by a dielectric materials.
    keywords: charges; coronavirus; electrostatic; protein; sars; spike; surface
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        item: #234 of 5187
          id: cord-191741-2vuiafv0
      author: Schifanella, L.
       title: Massive viral replication and cytopathic effects in early COVID-19 pneumonia
        date: 2020-04-30
       words: 1955
      flesch: 38
     summary: The relative contributions of virus replication and cytopathic effects or immunopathological host responses to the severe and fatal outcomes of COVID-19 lung infections have as yet to be determined. Clinical trials underway to test antiviral drugs are designed to determine if the inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 replication can prevent or mitigate the pathological consequences of lung infection and thus far these trials are aimed at people with symptomatic and often advanced disease.
    keywords: cells; fig; infection; lung; sars; virus
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        item: #235 of 5187
          id: cord-193133-puqcbf8t
      author: Piplani, Sakshi
       title: In silico comparison of spike protein-ACE2 binding affinities across species; significance for the possible origin of the SARS-CoV-2 virus
        date: 2020-05-13
       words: 3816
      flesch: 43
     summary: 29 The X-ray crystal structures of human ACE2 (recode 3SCI) and human SARS spike protein (refcode 5XLR) were retrieved from Protein Data Bank. The SARS-CoV spike protein was also docked with human ACE2 protein to obtain the docking pose for binding energy calculations.
    keywords: ace2; binding; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; human; protein; sars; species; spike
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        item: #236 of 5187
          id: cord-193136-7g6qr73e
      author: Bhattacharya, Sujit
       title: Visible Insights of the Invisible Pandemic: A Scientometric, Altmetric and Topic Trend Analysis
        date: 2020-04-22
       words: 5021
      flesch: 53
     summary: The number of research papers, clinical trials at different phases within such a short period is unprecedented and shows the intensive efforts of the global research community to understand the different aspects of this disease and address it. The present study is motivated by this and applies tools and techniques of scientometrics to uncover insights from research papers.
    keywords: covid-19; disease; google; papers; research; study; trends; virus
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        item: #237 of 5187
          id: cord-193489-u6ewlh16
      author: Wang, Rui
       title: Decoding SARS-CoV-2 transmission, evolution and ramification on COVID-19 diagnosis, vaccine, and medicine
        date: 2020-04-29
       words: 6071
      flesch: 56
     summary: The SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein, or S protein, comprised of two subunits, S1 and S2, of very different properties [13] , see Fig. 5 . bioRxiv SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor Receptor recognition by the novel coronavirus from Wuhan: an analysis based on decade-long structural studies of SARS coronavirus The crystal structure of papain-like protease of sars cov-2 Structure of the rna-dependent rna polymerase from covid-19 virus Structural model of the sars coronavirus e channel in lmpg micelles Crystal structure of rna binding domain of nucleocapsid phosphoprotein from sars coronavirus 2.
    keywords: cluster; cov-2; covid-19; genome; mutations; number; protease; protein; sars; table
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        item: #238 of 5187
          id: cord-193893-rzurz5bj
      author: Ma, Zhanshan
       title: Spatiotemporal fluctuation scaling law and metapopulation modeling of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) and SARS outbreaks
        date: 2020-03-08
       words: 3690
      flesch: 37
     summary: M 0 is the level of mean population abundance, the COVID-19 or SARS infection level in the case of this study, at which the fluctuation (dynamics) of virus infection is random (following Poisson statistical distribution generally). In the present report, we test this hypothesis and further explore possible epidemiological processes (mechanisms) underlying the outbreak of COVID-19 infections.
    keywords: covid-19; infections; level; tpl
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        item: #239 of 5187
          id: cord-196129-3zfeamgs
      author: Demertzis, Konstantinos
       title: Flattening the COVID-19 Curve: The"Greek"case in the Global Pandemic
        date: 2020-10-09
       words: 5642
      flesch: 38
     summary: Overall, provided that they yield high determination, polynomial regression models should be used in typical cases to avoid excessive solutions leading to over-fitting. Also, it proposes a hybrid spline regression and complex network model of social distance measures evaluating and interpreting the spread of the disease.
    keywords: covid-19; curve; disease; et al; greece; infection; model; regression; splines; spread; time
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        item: #240 of 5187
          id: cord-196265-mvnkkcow
      author: M'esz'aros, B'alint
       title: Short linear motif candidates in the cell entry system used by SARS-CoV-2 and their potential therapeutic implications
        date: 2020-04-21
       words: 12685
      flesch: 35
     summary: The central resource for SLiMs is the Eukaryotic Linear Motif database (ELM; http://elm.eu.org/), also serving as an exploratory server for over 280 manually curated SLiM classes with experimental evidence, each defined by a POSIX regular expression (Kumar et al., 2020) . The ACE2 sequence (UniProt:ACE2_HUMAN) was entered in the ELM server (Kumar et al., 2020) and returned several relevant candidate SLiMs in the short cytosolic C-terminal tail.
    keywords: ace2; actin; attachment; autophagy; binding; cell; coronavirus; cov-2; domain; elm; entry; et al; host; infection; inhibitors; integrin; interaction; kinase; membrane; motif; phosphorylation; protein; receptor; replication; rgd; sars; sequence; sh2; site; spike; tyrosine
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        item: #241 of 5187
          id: cord-196608-k4f79dr4
      author: Saha, Sovan
       title: Computational modeling of Human-nCoV protein-protein interaction network
        date: 2020-05-05
       words: 4389
      flesch: 43
     summary: So, our proposed model is also capable of identifying human spreader proteins in level-2 by using spreadability index which is validated by SIS model. Fuzzy PPI approach can assess protein interaction affinities at very high specificity with respect to benchmark datasets as shown in Figure 6 .
    keywords: human; interaction; model; ncov; nodes; ppin; protein; sars; spreader
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        item: #242 of 5187
          id: cord-197818-asd39zbj
      author: Wu, Kai
       title: Magnetic Immunoassays: A Review of Virus and Pathogen Detection Before and Amidst the Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19)
        date: 2020-07-09
       words: 5635
      flesch: 29
     summary: A novel magnetic bead bioassay platform using a microchip-based sensor for infectious disease diagnosis Nuclear magnetic resonance biosensor for rapid detection of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Biomed Detection of pathogen Escherichia coli O157: H7 with a wireless magnetoelastic-sensing device amplified by using chitosan-modified magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles Sens Rapid detection of Salmonella in milk by biofunctionalised magnetic nanoparticle cluster sensor based on nuclear magnetic resonance Multiplex measurement of twelve tumor markers using a GMR multi-biomarker immunoassay biosensor An integrated giant magnetoimpedance biosensor for detection of biomarker Development of a multiplexed giant magnetoresistive biosensor array prototype to quantify ovarian cancer biomarkers Magnetic detection of mercuric ion using giant magnetoresistance-based biosensing system Comparison of a prototype magnetoresistive biosensor to standard fluorescent DNA detection On the electro-dynamic qualities of metals:-Effects of magnetization on the electric conductivity of nickel and of iron Anisotropic magnetoresistance in ferromagnetic 3d alloys Electrical resistivity of ferromagnetic nickel and iron based alloys Friederich A and Chazelas J 11 Giant Magnetoresistance of (001)Fe/(001)Cr Magnetic Superlattices Enhanced magnetoresistance in layered magnetic structures with antiferromagnetic interlayer exchange Magnetically engineered spintronic sensors and memory Proc Electron microscopy of giant magnetoresistive granular Au Co alloys Microstructural influence on magnetic properties and giant magnetoresistance of melt-spun gold-cobalt Scr Giant magnetoresistance in electrodeposited Co-Ag granular films Magnetic properties and giant magnetoresistance in electrodeposited Co-Ag granular Elastic magnetic sensor with isotropic sensitivity for in-flow detection of magnetic objects Rsc Adv Direct transfer of magnetic sensor devices to elastomeric supports for stretchable electronics A theoretical study of an amorphous aluminium oxide layer used as a tunnel barrier in a magnetic tunnel junction Properties of native ultrathin aluminium oxide tunnel barriers Giant tunnelling magnetoresistance at room temperature with MgO (100) tunnel barriers High tunnel magnetoresistance at room temperature in fully epitaxial Fe/MgO/Fe tunnel junctions due to coherent spin-polarized tunneling Large area and low aspect ratio linear magnetic tunnel junctions with a soft-pinned sensing layer Tunable linear magnetoresistance in MgO magnetic tunnel junction sensors using two pinned CoFeB electrodes Wheatstone bridge sensor composed of linear MgO magnetic tunnel junctions Electrical noise in hysteretic ferromagnet-insulatorferromagnet tunnel junctions Magnetic nanoparticles in nanomedicine: a review of recent advances Biocompatibility of a Magnetic Tunnel Junction sensor array for the detection of neuronal signals in culture Advances in Magnetoresistive Biosensors Micromachines Giant Magnetoresistance-based Biosensor for Detection of Influenza A Virus Front Portable GMR Handheld Platform for the Detection of Influenza A Virus ACS Sens Portable, one-step, and rapid GMR biosensor platform with smartphone interface Quick genotyping detection of HBV by giant magnetoresistive biochip combined with PCR and line probe assay A novel HBV genotypes detecting system combined with microfluidic chip, loop-mediated isothermal amplification and GMR sensors Separable detecting of Escherichia coli O157H: H7 by a giant magneto-resistance-based bio-sensing system Sens DARPin based GMR Biosensor for the detection of ESAT-6 Tuberculosis Protein Tuberculosis Biofunctionalization of monodisperse magnetic nanoparticles and their use as biomolecular labels in a magnetic tunnel junction based sensor Quantitative detection of DNA labeled with magnetic nanoparticles using arrays of MgO-based magnetic tunnel junction sensors Detection of DNA labeled with magnetic nanoparticles using MgO-based magnetic tunnel junction sensors A 12-channel dual-lock-in platform for magneto-resistive DNA detection with ppm resolution Integrated platform for detecting pathogenic DNA via magnetic tunneling junctionbased biosensors Sens Detection of HIV-1 antigen based on magnetic tunnel junction sensor and magnetic nanoparticles Chin Multiplex biosensing based on highly sensitive magnetic nanolabel quantification: rapid detection of botulinum neurotoxins A, B, and E in liquids Magnetic Particle Spectroscopy for Detection of Influenza A Virus Subtype H1N1 Brief Communication: Magnetic Immuno-Detection of SARS-CoV-2 specific Antibodies bioRxiv Portable nuclear magnetic resonance biosensor and assay for a highly sensitive and rapid detection of foodborne bacteria in complex matrices Magnetic barcode assay for genetic detection of pathogens New type of biosensor based on magnetic nanoparticle detection Magnetic particle detection by frequency mixing for immunoassay applications Tomographic imaging using the nonlinear response of magnetic particles Magnetic particle spectroscopy-based bioassays: methods, applications, advances, and future opportunities Molecular sensing with magnetic nanoparticles using magnetic spectroscopy of nanoparticle Brownian motion Evaluating blood clot progression using magnetic particle spectroscopy Nanomagnetic lateral flow assay for high-precision quantification of diagnostically relevant concentrations of serum TSH Talanta 120961 Ultrasensitive quantitative detection of small molecules with rapid lateral-flow assay based on high-affinity bifunctional ligand and magnetic nanolabels Anal Magnetic Nanoparticle Relaxation Dynamics-Based Magnetic Particle Spectroscopy for Rapid and Wash-Free Molecular Sensing Quantification of magnetic nanoparticles by compensating for multiple environment changes simultaneously Analytical platform with selectable assay parameters based on three functions of magnetic nanoparticles: demonstration of highly sensitive rapid quantitation of staphylococcal enterotoxin B in food Rapid lateral flow assays based on the quantification of magnetic nanoparticle labels for multiplexed immunodetection of small molecules: application to the determination of drugs of abuse Microchim Magnetic dynamics of ferrofluids: mathematical models and experimental investigations Investigating the effect of magnetic dipole-dipole interaction on magnetic particle spectroscopy: implications for magnetic nanoparticle-based bioassays and magnetic particle imaging Temperature-dependent MPS measurements Temperature of the magnetic nanoparticle microenvironment: estimation from relaxation times Superparamagnetic nanoparticle-based viscosity test Relaxation-based viscosity mapping for magnetic particle imaging High-moment magnetic nanoparticles Silver and gold nanoparticles as multi-chromatic lateral flow assay probes for the detection of food allergens A smartphone readout system for gold nanoparticle-based lateral flow assays: application to monitoring of digoxigenin Microchim Magnetic quantum dot based lateral flow assay biosensor for multiplex and sensitive detection of protein toxins in food samples Quantum dot-based lateral flow test strips for highly sensitive detection of the tetanus antibody A highly sensitive dual-color lateral flow immunoassay for brucellosis using one-step synthesized latex microspheres Miniature magnetic resonance system for point-of-care diagnostics Saturation-transfer difference (STD) NMR: a simple and fast method for ligand screening and characterization of protein binding Hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx)-induced abnormalities of nucleic acid metabolism revealed by 1 H-NMR-based metabonomics NMR characterization of the interaction between Bcl-xL and the BH3-like motif of hepatitis B virus X protein Computer aided design and NMR characterization of an oligopeptide targeting the Ebola virus VP24 protein NMR interaction studies of Neu5Ac-α-(2, 6)-Gal-β-(1-4)-GlcNAc with influenza-virus hemagglutinin expressed in transfected human cells Rapid and specific influenza virus detection by functionalized magnetic nanoparticles and mass spectrometry Ferromagnetic resonance biosensor for homogeneous and volumetric detection of DNA ACS Sens A promising magnetic SERS immunosensor for sensitive detection of avian influenza virus Dendronized magnetic nanoparticles for HIV-1 capture and rapid diagnostic Multiplex immunoassays of equine virus based on fluorescent encoded magnetic composite nanoparticles Anal A magnetic molecularly imprinted optical chemical sensor for specific recognition of trace quantities of virus RSC Adv Fast and sensitive detection of Japanese encephalitis virus based on a magnetic molecular imprinted polymer-resonance light scattering sensor Simultaneous detection of multiple viruses based on chemiluminescence and magnetic separation COVID-19): role of chest CT in diagnosis and management Am Profiling early humoral response to diagnose novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) Improved molecular diagnosis of COVID-19 by the novel, highly sensitive and specific COVID-19-RdRp/Hel real-time reverse transcription-PCR assay validated in vitro and with clinical specimens The epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 Diagnosis of the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): rRT-PCR or CT? Magnetic sinusoidal magnetic field with frequency f is applied and higher odd harmonics at 3f (the 3 rd harmonic), 5f (the 5 th harmonic), 7f (the 7 th harmonic), … are observed due to the nonlinear magnetic responses of MNPs.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; detection; gmr; immunoassay; magnetoresistance; mnps; nmr; novel; platforms; sars; sensitivity; sensors; tunnel; virus
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        item: #243 of 5187
          id: cord-199630-2lmwnfda
      author: Ray, Sumanta
       title: Predicting potential drug targets and repurposable drugs for COVID-19 via a deep generative model for graphs
        date: 2020-07-05
       words: 6402
      flesch: 45
     summary: After the model is trained the drug-CoV-host links are predicted using the following equation: where A i j represents the possible links between all combination of SARS-CoV-2 nodes and drug nodes. To develop suitable therapeutic strategies and design antiviral drugs, a comprehensive understanding of the interactions between viral and human proteins is essential 2 .
    keywords: cov-2; drugs; graph; host; human; interaction; links; matrix; model; network; nodes; proteins; sars; virus
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        item: #244 of 5187
          id: cord-202687-z17knvts
      author: Angelina, Emilio
       title: Drug Repurposing to find Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease
        date: 2020-06-26
       words: 4116
      flesch: 45
     summary: In this work we exploited the available structural information about ligand binding to M pro binding cleft to guide the drug repurposing Virtual Screening experiment. Fragments from a crystallographic fragment screening as they bound to M pro binding cleft.
    keywords: binding; bond; cleft; drug; enzyme; interaction; pro; sars; sub
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        item: #245 of 5187
          id: cord-203191-7ftg6bfx
      author: Guo, Kai
       title: Identification of Repurposal Drugs and Adverse Drug Reactions for Various Courses of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Based on Single-cell RNA Sequencing Data
        date: 2020-05-16
       words: 3736
      flesch: 39
     summary: The drug connectivity score (CS) with a negative value smaller than -90 was used to determine candidate drugs and compounds. Connecting to the LINCS database of small-molecule perturbations on gene expression, we identified candidate drugs and compounds that can reverse these upregulated and downregulated genes via the CLUE platform.
    keywords: cell; coronavirus; covid-19; data; disease; drugs; inhibitor; patients; potential; sars
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        item: #246 of 5187
          id: cord-203232-1nnqx1g9
      author: Canturk, Semih
       title: Machine-Learning Driven Drug Repurposing for COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-25
       words: 5028
      flesch: 49
     summary: Using the National Center for Biotechnology Information virus protein database and the DrugVirus database, which provides a comprehensive report of broad-spectrum antiviral agents (BSAAs) and viruses they inhibit, we trained ANN models with virus protein sequences as inputs and antiviral agents deemed safe-in-humans as outputs. This undermined our assumption that drug trials are hierarchical; though, in reality this is usually the case.
    keywords: acid; amino; antivirals; cov-2; database; dataset; drug; models; sars; sequences; virus
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        item: #247 of 5187
          id: cord-206006-8l7hrany
      author: Wang, Rui
       title: Mutations on COVID-19 diagnostic targets
        date: 2020-05-05
       words: 1611
      flesch: 47
     summary: Unfortunately, Table 2 shows that all of the US CDC designated COVID-19 diagnostic primers have been compromised. Our findings enable researchers to target the most conservative SARS-CoV-2 genes and proteins for the design and development of COVID-19 diagnostic reagents, preventive vaccines, and therapeutic medicines.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; gene; primers; sars
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        item: #248 of 5187
          id: cord-208426-wz3jan5d
      author: Li, Hongying
       title: Airborne dispersion of droplets during coughing: a physical model of viral transmission
        date: 2020-08-05
       words: 4497
      flesch: 48
     summary: In a recent study based on turbulent cloud physics, cough droplets are reported to spread up to 7-8 m. 20 Further, researchers at Wuhan hospitals found corona-virus residues in floor samples up to 4 m from identified sources. Young children may be at greater risk from droplet transmission compared to adults ( Figure 1 ).
    keywords: air; cough; dispersion; droplet; figure; size; transmission
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        item: #249 of 5187
          id: cord-214854-ck61ja2t
      author: Zhong, Jing
       title: Rapid and sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2 with functionalized magnetic nanoparticles
        date: 2020-10-08
       words: 2063
      flesch: 36
     summary: The species Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus: classifying 2019-nCoV and naming it SARS-CoV-2 A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China Evolution of the novel coronavirus from the ongoing Wuhan outbreak and modeling of its spike protein for risk of human transmission Structural and functional basis of SARS-CoV-2 entry by using human ACE2 Characterization of spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 on virus entry and its immune cross-reactivity with SARS-CoV Structure of the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain bound to the ACE2 receptor Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study, The Lancet Respiratory Medicine A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China Outbreak of pneumonia of unknown etiology in Wuhan, China: The mystery and the miracle Diagnosis of the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): rRT-PCR or CT? Detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real-time RT-PCR Homogeneous biosensing based on magnetic particle labels Magnetic nanoparticle-based biomolecule imaging with a scanning magnetic particle spectrometer Binding assays with streptavidin-functionalized superparamagnetic nanoparticles and biotinylated analytes using fluxgate magnetorelaxometry Magnetic susceptibility reduction method for magnetically labeled immunoassay Dependence of biomolecule detection on magnetic nanoparticle concentration Magnetic Nanoparticle Relaxation Dynamics-Based Magnetic Particle Spectroscopy for Rapid and Wash-Free Molecular Sensing Real-time measurement of Brownian relaxation of magnetic nanoparticles by a mixing-frequency method Molecular sensing with magnetic nanoparticles using magnetic spectroscopy of nanoparticle Brownian motion Ultra-highly sensitive and wash-free bio-detection of H5N1 virus by immunomagnetic reduction assays Washfree, antibody-assisted magnetoreduction assays of orchid viruses Magnetically enhanced high-specificity virus detection using bioactivated magnetic nanoparticles with antibodies as labeling markers Homogeneous circle-to-circle amplification for real-time optomagnetic detection of SARS-CoV-2 RdRp coding sequence SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) by the numbers, Elife Magnetic nanoparticle temperature imaging with a scanning magnetic particle spectrometer Fluxgate based detection of magnetic nanoparticle dynamics in a rotating magnetic field Methods for the determination of limit of detection and limit of quantitation of the analytical methods, Chronicles of young scientists Harmonized guidelines for single-laboratory validation of methods of analysis Rapid tests for sexually transmitted infections (STIs): the way forward Detecting the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Tomographic imaging using the nonlinear response of magnetic particles First experimental evidence of the feasibility of multi-color magnetic particle imaging Dual-frequency magnetic particle imaging of the Brownian particle contribution The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Tian et al. reported on homogeneous detection of SARS-CoV-2 utilizing an opto-magnetic measurement system for the detection of the RND-dependent RNA polymerase coding Page 4 of 21 sequence of SARS-CoV-2 [26] .
    keywords: detection; harmonic; measurement; mnps; sars
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        item: #250 of 5187
          id: cord-217961-2rczhxp2
      author: Chitsaz, Mohsen
       title: A small molecule drug candidate targeting SARS-CoV-2 main protease
        date: 2020-06-16
       words: 2298
      flesch: 50
     summary: We identified a protease (4MDS) that had a small structural deviation from SARS-CoV-2 protease (0.67Å) and with a well-studied library of small molecule inhibitors against the enzyme [8] . An example of such a cocktail would consist of: monoclonal antibodies targeting the spike protein to block the virus from entry, small molecule drugs to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 main protease, and small molecule drugs to interfere with the RNA replicase to stop the virus from replicating.
    keywords: inhibitor; protease; sars; site; virus
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        item: #251 of 5187
          id: cord-218639-ewkche9r
      author: Ghavasieh, Arsham
       title: Multiscale statistical physics of the Human-SARS-CoV-2 interactome
        date: 2020-08-21
       words: 3179
      flesch: 39
     summary: The proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2 The genetic landscape of a cell Epidemiologic features and clinical course of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in singapore A trial of lopinavir-ritonavir in adults hospitalized with severe covid-19 Remdesivir, lopinavir, emetine, and homoharringtonine inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication in vitro Network medicine: a network-based approach to human disease Focus on the emerging new fields of network physiology and network medicine Human symptoms-disease network Network medicine approaches to the genetics of complex diseases The human disease network The multiplex network of human diseases Network medicine in the age of biomedical big data A SARS-CoV-2 protein interaction map reveals targets for drug repurposing Structural genomics and interactomics of 2019 wuhan novel coronavirus, 2019-ncov, indicate evolutionary conserved functional regions of viral proteins Structural analysis of sars-cov-2 and prediction of the human interactome Fractional diffusion on the human proteome as an alternative to the multi-organ damage of SARS-CoV-2 Network medicine framework for identifying drug repurposing opportunities for covid-19 Predicting potential drug targets and repurposable drugs for covid-19 via a deep generative model for graphs Network robustness and fragility: Percolation on random graphs Introduction to Percolation Theory Error and attack tolerance of complex networks Breakdown of the internet under intentional attack Identification of functional modules in a ppi network by clique percolation clustering Identifying protein complexes from interaction networks based on clique percolation and distance restriction Percolation of annotation errors through hierarchically structured protein sequence databases Infinite-order percolation and giant fluctuations in a protein interaction network Computational Analysis Of Biochemical Systems A Practical Guide For Biochemists And Molecular Biologists Propagation of large concentration changes in reversible protein-binding networks An Introduction to Systems Biology Quantifying the connectivity of a network: The network correlation function method Universality in network dynamics The statistical physics of real-world networks Classical information theory of networks The von neumann entropy of networks Structural reducibility of multilayer networks Spectral entropies as information-theoretic tools for complex network comparison Complex networks from classical to quantum Enhancing transport properties in interconnected systems without altering their structure Scale-resolved analysis of brain functional connectivity networks with spectral entropy Unraveling the effects of multiscale network entanglement on disintegration of empirical systems Under revision String v11: protein-protein association networks with increased coverage, supporting functional discovery in genome-wide experimental datasets Biogrid: a general repository for interaction datasets The biogrid interaction database: 2019 update Gene help: integrated access to genes of genomes in the reference sequence collection Competing financial interests. We consider the virus-human protein-protein interactions (PPI) as an interdependent system with two parts, human PPI network targeted by viral proteins.
    keywords: analysis; cov-2; human; network; ppi; protein; sars; viruses
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        item: #252 of 5187
          id: cord-218886-lqme2j8n
      author: Asghari, Aref
       title: Fast Accurate Point of Care COVID-19 Pandemic Diagnosis Enabled Through Advanced Lab-on-a-Chip Optical Biosensors: Opportunities and Challenges
        date: 2020-08-01
       words: 6424
      flesch: 41
     summary: On top of that, unique and ideal optical properties such as broadband and tunable absorption and polarization-dependent nonlinear optical effects make graphene a promising candidate to be employed for optical based biosensors (Fig 18) . Optical biosensors are particularly likely to become the future COVID-19 diagnostic tools [31]
    keywords: biosensors; cov-2; detection; fig; graphene; light; resonance; sars; sensing; sensitivity; surface; target; virus
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        item: #253 of 5187
          id: cord-220618-segffkbn
      author: Bonamassa, Ivan
       title: Geometric characterization of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic events
        date: 2020-07-20
       words: 8697
      flesch: 40
     summary: The unprecedented amount of epidemic data collected worldwide on SARS-CoV-2 raises nowadays a unique opportunity to quantify, in a way analogous to other extreme events [1, 2] , the catastrophic impact that a pandemic can have on the globalized world This includes epidemic data describing first-wave events whose fatality rate peak has preceded the infected one, as ob- served e.g. in Brazil, Mexico, United Arab Emirates, Iran ( Fig. 4 ) and few others.
    keywords: countries; country; cov-2; covid-19; data; epidemic; events; fig; magnitude; max; outbreak; pandemic; sars
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        item: #254 of 5187
          id: cord-221611-eeybl35x
      author: Vijayan, Ramachandran
       title: Structure-based inhibitor screening of natural products against NSP15 of SARS- CoV-2 revealed Thymopentin and Oleuropein as potent inhibitors
        date: 2020-07-28
       words: 3086
      flesch: 45
     summary: The third rank compound, Ginsenoside also binds tightly to the catalytic center of NSP15 structure. Nidovirales: a new order comprising Coronaviridae and Arteriviridae From SARS to MERS: 10 years of research on highly pathogenic human coronaviruses Middle East Respiratory Syndrome: Emergence of a Pathogenic Human Coronavirus Structural insights into SARS coronavirus proteins Unique and conserved features of genome and proteome of SARS-coronavirus, an early split-off from the coronavirus group 2 lineage Coronavirus transcription: a perspective Nidovirales: evolving the largest RNA virus genome Identification and characterization of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus replicase proteins Structural and Biochemical Characterization of Endoribonuclease Nsp15 Encoded by Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Crystal structure and mechanistic determinants of SARS coronavirus nonstructural protein 15 define an endoribonuclease family Structural and functional analyses of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus endoribonuclease Nsp15 Early endonuclease-mediated evasion of RNA sensing ensures efficient coronavirus replication Old protein with a new story: Coronavirus endoribonuclease is important for evading host antiviral defenses Biochemical and genetic analyses of murine hepatitis virus Nsp15 endoribonuclease Site-directed mutagenesis of the Nidovirus replicative endoribonuclease NendoU exerts pleiotropic effects on the arterivirus life cycle Sars-cov-2 host entry and replication inhibitors from Indian ginseng: an in-silico approach An in-silico evaluation of different Saikosaponins for their potency against SARS-CoV-2 using NSP15 and fusion spike glycoprotein as targets Identification of bioactive compounds from Glycyrrhiza glabra as possible inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein and non-structural protein-15:
    keywords: binding; compounds; coronavirus; docking; figure; nsp15; protein; sars; thymopentin
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        item: #255 of 5187
          id: cord-222664-4qyrtzhu
      author: Coban, Mathew
       title: Attacking COVID-19 Progression using Multi-Drug Therapy for Synergetic Target Engagement
        date: 2020-07-06
       words: 11330
      flesch: 36
     summary: It was identified in Wuhan city, in the Hubei province of China in December 2019 (Chen et al., 2020; Huang et al., 2020; Zhu et al., 2020) . The spike glycoprotein is a key surface protein that interacts with cell surface receptor, angiotensinconverting enzyme 2 (Ace2) mediating entrance of the virus into host cells (Zhu et al., 2018) .
    keywords: ace2; binding; caulfield; caulfield et; compounds; cov-2; covid-19; data; docking; drug; dynamics; et al; fig; inhibitors; interaction; ligand; model; patients; protein; residues; results; sars; screening; set; simulations; site; structure; target; tmprss2; virus
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        item: #256 of 5187
          id: cord-224516-t5zubl1p
      author: Daubenschuetz, Tim
       title: SARS-CoV-2, a Threat to Privacy?
        date: 2020-04-21
       words: 4800
      flesch: 41
     summary: Furthermore, aside from the danger of collecting data by the government, the crisis situation leads to increase of data collection by private companies, as people all over the world switch to remote communication and remote collaboration tools from faceto-face communications. In this, we are supporting informed consent of data subjects, because it ensures that people will only share data with institutions that kept their data safe against privacy harms.
    keywords: context; crisis; data; information; integrity; pandemic; people; privacy; protection; security; situation
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        item: #257 of 5187
          id: cord-228152-k4bw8w5g
      author: Pyzer-Knapp, Edward O.
       title: Using Bayesian Optimization to Accelerate Virtual Screening for the Discovery of Therapeutics Appropriate for Repurposing for COVID-19
        date: 2020-05-11
       words: 2983
      flesch: 42
     summary: In this communication, we demonstrate how the use of Bayesian optimization can provide a valuable service for the prioritisation of these calculations, leading to the accelerated identification of high-performing candidates, and thus expanding the scope of the utility of HPC systems for time critical screening The virus now known as SARS-CoV-2 seems to have initiated in Wuhan, in Hubei Province, China at the end of 2019. In this paper we propose the use of Bayesian optimization as such a technology, and demonstrate its potential through a demonstration on an early dataset collected on the IBM SUMMIT supercomputer by Smith, et al.
    keywords: bayesian; methodology; molecules; optimization; screening; vina
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        item: #258 of 5187
          id: cord-229246-qgp7ksq8
      author: Babino, Andres
       title: Masks and COVID-19: a causal framework for imputing value to public-health interventions
        date: 2020-06-09
       words: 3611
      flesch: 63
     summary: We interpret that the counterfactual to this intervention is that if the public had not used masks, R t would have stayed at 0.72, or in causal inference jargon do(no masks). This parameter expresses the average number of people infected from one positive case on day t. In Fig. 7 , we show R t as a function of time.
    keywords: data; framework; masks; number; use
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        item: #259 of 5187
          id: cord-232446-vvb2ffhv
      author: Mongia, Aanchal
       title: A computational approach to aid clinicians in selecting anti-viral drugs for COVID-19 trials
        date: 2020-07-03
       words: 7129
      flesch: 43
     summary: The drug-virus associations and the similarity information are assembled as three matrices: drug-virus association matrix (Y ), drug similarity matrix (S d ) and virus similarity matrix (S v ). We also demonstrate how the selected drugs change as the SARS-Cov-2 mutates over time, suggesting the importance of such a tool in drug prediction.
    keywords: association; completion; covid-19; database; drugs; graph; information; matrix; matrix completion; methods; prediction; similarity; techniques; virus; viruses
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        item: #260 of 5187
          id: cord-235691-en6fgilb
      author: Althouse, Benjamin M.
       title: Stochasticity and heterogeneity in the transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-05-27
       words: 4813
      flesch: 39
     summary: Summary of COVID-19 outbreaks at licensed long-term care facilities in King County COVID-19 pandemic on cruise ships Crowding and the epidemic intensity of COVID-19 transmission Closed environments facilitate secondary transmission of coronavirus disease What settings have been linked to SARS-CoV-2 transmission clusters? In Japan, looking at clusters of transmission, researchers found closed environments facilitate secondary transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and promote SSEs; the odds ratio of SSEs in closed environments was as high as 32.6 compared with those in open spaces 43 .
    keywords: cases; cov-2; covid-19; individuals; infections; outbreak; probability; sars; sses; transmission
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        item: #261 of 5187
          id: cord-243806-26n22jbx
      author: Vandelli, Andrea
       title: Structural analysis of SARS-CoV-2 and prediction of the human interactome
        date: 2020-03-30
       words: 5262
      flesch: 39
     summary: A significant overlap exists with the list of protein interactions reported by Gordon et al. 58 , and among the candidate partners we identified AKAP8L, involved as a DEAD/H-box RNA helicase binding protein involved in HIV infection 59 . in StatPearls Isolation and characterization of a bat SARS-like coronavirus that uses the ACE2 receptor Furin cleavage of the SARS coronavirus spike glycoprotein enhances cell-cell fusion but does not affect virion entry Isolation and Characterization of 2019-nCoV-like Coronavirus from Malayan Pangolins Structures of MERS-CoV spike glycoprotein in complex with sialoside attachment receptors Cryo-electron microscopy structure of a coronavirus spike glycoprotein trimer Characterization of spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 on virus entry and its immune cross-reactivity with SARS-CoV Identification of sialic acid-binding function for the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike glycoprotein The Structure and Functions of Coronavirus Genomic 3' and 5' Ends A high-throughput approach to profile RNA structure A Method for RNA Structure Prediction Shows Evidence for Structure in lncRNAs RNA structure drives interaction with proteins An Integrative Study of Protein-RNA Condensates Identifies Scaffolding RNAs and Reveals Players in Fragile X-Associated Tremor/Ataxia Syndrome Phase separation drives X-chromosome inactivation: a hypothesis Identification of a Coronavirus Transcription Enhancer catRAPID omics: a web server for large-scale prediction of protein-RNA interactions Quantitative predictions of protein interactions with long noncoding RNAs Predicting protein associations with long noncoding RNAs RNAct: Protein-RNA interaction predictions for model organisms with supporting experimental data Cloaked similarity between HIV-1 and SARS-CoV suggests an anti-SARS strategy Inhibition of furin-mediated cleavage activation of HIV-1 glycoprotein gp160 Differential downregulation of ACE2 by the spike proteins of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and human coronavirus NL63 Conserved structural RNA domains in regions coding for cleavage site motifs in hemagglutinin genes of influenza viruses Genome Composition and Divergence of the Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Originating in China ViennaRNA Package 2.0 The EMBL-EBI search and sequence analysis tools APIs in 2019 RNA-Seq methods for transcriptome analysis The proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2 A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin T-Coffee: a web server for the multiple sequence alignment of protein and RNA sequences using structural information and homology extension Distinct Roles for Sialoside and Protein Receptors in Coronavirus Infection Silico evidence for two receptors based strategy of SARS-CoV-2 Host cell proteins interacting with the 3' end of TGEV coronavirus genome influence virus replication Structural determinants and mechanism of HIV-1 genome packaging An Overview of Their Replication and Pathogenesis Protein aggregation, structural disorder and RNA-binding ability: a new approach for physico-chemical and gene ontology classification of multiple datasets UniProt: a worldwide hub of protein knowledge SARS-CoV-2 launches a unique transcriptional signature from in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo systems omiXcore: a web server for prediction of protein interactions with large RNA Evidence for host-dependent RNA editing in the transcriptome of SARS-CoV-2 RNA-RNA and RNAprotein interactions in coronavirus replication and transcription Insights into RNA biology from an atlas of mammalian mRNA-binding proteins HIV Gag polyprotein: processing and early viral particle assembly The GeneMANIA prediction server: biological network integration for gene prioritization and predicting gene function Viral interactions with the Notch pathway What retroviruses teach us about the involvement of c-Myc in leukemias and lymphomas The architecture of SARS-CoV-2 transcriptome. bioRxiv
    keywords: binding; coronavirus; cov-2; fig; host; human; interactions; protein; region; rna; sars; spike; structure
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        item: #262 of 5187
          id: cord-245161-xbw72k4m
      author: Castano, Nicolas
       title: Fomite transmission and disinfection strategies for SARS-CoV-2 and related viruses
        date: 2020-05-23
       words: 11563
      flesch: 37
     summary: 67 Plaque assays involve culturing cells that are susceptible to virus infection in a titration of the collected virus samples, monitoring the cytopathic effects, and counting plaque forming units (PFU). The long persistence of viruses (hours to days) on surfaces calls for an urgent need for surface disinfection strategies to intercept virus transmission and the spread of the disease.
    keywords: adsorption; contact; contamination; coronavirus; cov-2; disinfectant; disinfection; dose; effectiveness; fomites; inactivation; interactions; methods; model; particles; risk; sars; study; surfaces; transfer; transmission; virus; viruses
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        item: #263 of 5187
          id: cord-249166-0w0t631x
      author: Booss-Bavnbek, Bernhelm
       title: Dynamics and Control of Covid-19: Comments by Two Mathematicians
        date: 2020-08-17
       words: 7251
      flesch: 58
     summary: In addition to various forms of influenza and the epidemics generated by the corona virus SARS-CoV-1, SARS-CoV-2 or MERS-CoV, other epidemics occurred. They became very influential because they displayed already many basic features that reappeared later in mathematical models of epidemics in other and more complex settings.
    keywords: cases; countries; covid-19; deaths; epidemic; health; number; population; sect; strategy; vaccine
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        item: #264 of 5187
          id: cord-251581-8ubyveyt
      author: Szymkowiak, Andrzej
       title: In-store epidemic behavior: scale development and validation
        date: 2020-05-04
       words: 6042
      flesch: 44
     summary: This further indicates a more sophisticated need to measure what areas of consumer behaviors at stores are affected by the epidemic and therefore, the aim of the present study was an attempt to create such a measure. The developed scale can help counteract disinformation and assess consumer behavior compliance and understanding of the official recommendations imposed by governments, enabling more efficient educational efforts.
    keywords: consumers; covid-19; epidemic; infection; pandemic; research; respondents; scale; shopping; store; study; threat
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        item: #265 of 5187
          id: cord-251943-jzaeaxam
      author: Zhang, Jian‐San
       title: A serological survey on neutralizing antibody titer of SARS convalescent sera
        date: 2005-08-24
       words: 2546
      flesch: 46
     summary: Since standardized reagents for SARS antibody detection have not become available, the data on SARS antibody titer reported from various researchers are not applicable for SARS vaccine evaluation. Eighty‐seven serum samples were confirmed to be positive for SARS antibodies.
    keywords: antibody; assay; neutralization; sars; sera; serum; titer
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        item: #266 of 5187
          id: cord-251961-g0n85kxz
      author: Li, Guoming
       title: Safety and efficacy of Artemisinin-Piperaquine for treatment of COVID-19: an open-label, non-randomized, and controlled trial
        date: 2020-11-02
       words: 3415
      flesch: 49
     summary: AP treatment did not cause TdP and other arrhythmias in the patients. Although AP treatment can cause the QT interval prolongation in some patients, it did not cause TdP and other arrhythmias.
    keywords: control; covid-19; days; group; patients; sars; treatment
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        item: #267 of 5187
          id: cord-251986-ajlpb9li
      author: Li, Yan‐Chao
       title: The neuroinvasive potential of SARS‐CoV2 may play a role in the respiratory failure of COVID‐19 patients
        date: 2020-03-11
       words: 2255
      flesch: 32
     summary: A first step in understanding SARS pathogenesis Expression of CD26 (dipeptidyl peptidase IV) on resting and activated human T-lymphocytes The multifunctional or moonlighting protein CD26/DPPIV Persistent infection of SARS coronavirus in colonic cells in vitro The clinical pathology of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): a report from Dipeptidyl peptidase IV, which probably plays important roles in alzheimer disease (AD) pathology, is upregulated in AD brain neurons and associates with amyloid plaques Organ distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in SARS patients: implications for pathogenesis and virus transmission pathways Multiple organ infection and the pathogenesis of SARS Detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in the brain: potential role of the chemokine mig in pathogenesis Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection causes neuronal death in the absence of encephalitis in mice transgenic for human ACE2 Lethal infection of K18-hACE2 mice infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus The vagus nerve is one route of transneural invasion for intranasally inoculated influenza a virus in mice Morphogenesis of avian infectious bronchitis virus in primary chick kidney cells Microbes Infect From SARS to MERS, thrusting coronaviruses into the spotlight Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding Receptor recognition by novel coronavirus from Wuhan: an analysis based on decade-long structural studies of SARS Cryo-EM structures of MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV spike glycoproteins reveal the dynamic receptor binding domains Coronavirus spike protein and tropism changes Coronavirus infection of rat dorsal root ganglia: ultrastructural characterization of viral replication, transfer, and the early response of satellite cells Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China Novel coronavirus is putting the whole world on alert Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus causes multiple organ damage and lethal disease in mice transgenic for human dipeptidyl peptidase 4 Neurotropism of human coronavirus 229E Axonal transport enables neuron-to-neuron propagation of human coronavirus OC43 Hepatitis E virus infects neurons and brains Neurotropic virus tracing suggests a membranous-coating-mediated mechanism for transsynaptic communication Characteristics of a coronavirus (strain 67N) of pigs Immunofluorescence studies on the pathogenesis of hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus infection in pigs after oronasal inoculation Exploring the pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): the tissue distribution of the coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and its putative receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) Quantitative temporal-spatial distribution of severe acute respiratory syndromeassociated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in post-mortem tissues Cleavage of the SARS coronavirus spike glycoprotein by airway proteases enhances virus entry into human bronchial epithelial cells in vitro A novel angiotensinconverting enzyme-related carboxypeptidase (ACE2) converts angiotensin I to angiotensin 1-9 Quantitative mRNA expression profiling of ACE 2, a novel homologue of angiotensin converting enzyme Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov; infection; mers; patients; sars
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        item: #268 of 5187
          id: cord-251995-nbqukjzv
      author: Xiao, Fei
       title: Infectious SARS-CoV-2 in Feces of Patient with Severe COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-17
       words: 1451
      flesch: 45
     summary: Confirmation of infectious virus in feces affirms the potential for fecal–oral or fecal–respiratory transmission and warrants further study. Infectious virus was also isolated from urine of a patient with severe COVID-19 (8) .
    keywords: feces; patient; rna; sars; virus
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        item: #269 of 5187
          id: cord-252005-3ld5e7f5
      author: Lewis, Nathaniel M
       title: Household Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in the United States
        date: 2020-08-16
       words: 3046
      flesch: 47
     summary: People with COVID-19, particularly those with immunocompromising conditions or those with household contacts with diabetes, should take care to promptly self-isolate to prevent household transmission. First, we assumed that household transmission was responsible for infections among household contacts.
    keywords: contacts; cov-2; covid-19; household; infection; patients; sars; transmission
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        item: #270 of 5187
          id: cord-252015-9oiwcn8q
      author: Niu, Alex
       title: COVID-19 in allogeneic stem cell transplant: high false-negative probability and role of CRISPR and convalescent plasma
        date: 2020-06-15
       words: 1280
      flesch: 43
     summary: Ultrasensitive and high-throughput CRISPR-p owered COVID-19 diagnosis Compassionate Use of Remdesivir for Patients with Severe Covid-19 Remdesivir for the Treatment of Covid-19 -Preliminary Report Use of convalescent plasma therapy in SARS patients in Hong Kong Suppressed T cell-mediated immunity in patients with COVID-19: a clinical retrospective study in Wuhan Hypothesis for potential pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection-a review of immune changes in patients with viral pneumonia Treatment of 5 critically Ill patients with COVID-19 with convalescent plasma Identifier NCT04346199, Acalabrutinib Study With Best Supportive Care Versus Best Supportive Care in Subjects Hospitalized With COVID-19 The BTK inhibitor ibrutinib may protect against pulmonary injury in COVID-19-infected patients Acknowledgements We thank our patients for participating and donating the tissue samples to make this research possible. This poses the question of whether patients with objective findings consistent with COVID-19 and a negative nasopharyngeal RT-PCR assay would benefit from testing of other tissue types
    keywords: covid-19; patients; sars
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        item: #271 of 5187
          id: cord-252019-tbalg6k5
      author: Barra, Gustavo Barcelos
       title: Analytical Sensitivity and Specificity of Two RT-qPCR Protocols for SARS-CoV-2 Detection Performed in an Automated Workflow
        date: 2020-10-12
       words: 4909
      flesch: 44
     summary: In addition, we present the stepwise evolution of the assay as positive samples were obtained in the daily routine and the test results database was analyzed. To investigate the assays cross-reactivity with other respiratory viruses, pools of positive samples used in our laboratory as internal quality controls for RT-qPCR assays were tested (Influenza A, H1N1, and H3N2, parainfluenza virus 3 and 4, rhinovirus, coronavirus 229, and coronavirus HKU).
    keywords: assay; cov-2; detection; rdrp; results; samples; sars
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        item: #272 of 5187
          id: cord-252033-43fbfglt
      author: Plebani, Mario
       title: Diagnostic performances and thresholds: the key to harmonization in serological SARS-CoV-2 assays?
        date: 2020-05-30
       words: 2999
      flesch: 37
     summary: Donors (only for CLIA assays) and negative autoimmune patients results were included to verify possible analytical interferences and differences with respect to healthcare workers who repeatedly tested negative to nasopharyngeal swab. Thresholds for harmonizing assay results were determined by an in-house Rscript iterating the assessment of agreement for all the possible combinations of methods cut-offs, considering a minimum incremental delta of 0.2 kAU/L. Table 1 reports the demographic characteristics of the study subjects/ healthcare workers, SARS-CoV-2 patients autoimmune patients and donors.
    keywords: assays; clia; cov-2; iflash; liaison; patients; sars
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        item: #273 of 5187
          id: cord-252049-rgdynmla
      author: Tomar, Sakshi
       title: Ligand-induced Dimerization of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) Coronavirus nsp5 Protease (3CL(pro)): IMPLICATIONS FOR nsp5 REGULATION AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF ANTIVIRALS
        date: 2015-06-08
       words: 11873
      flesch: 43
     summary: On the contrary, noncovalent peptidomimetic compounds (for example, compounds 10 and 11) inhibit the enzymatic activity of MERS-CoV 3CL pro only at high compound concentrations. Moreover, inhibition by compound 10 occurred at lower compound concentrations when higher concentrations of enzyme were used.
    keywords: 3cl pro; activity; compound; concentrations; coronavirus; cov 3cl; data; dimer; dimerization; enzyme; fig; inhibitor; ligand; mers; monomer; sars; site; substrate
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        item: #274 of 5187
          id: cord-252103-lsaa1nx0
      author: Pearks Wilkerson, Alison J
       title: Coronavirus outbreak in cheetahs: Lessons for SARS
        date: 2004-03-23
       words: 957
      flesch: 43
     summary: In cheetahs and domestic cats, mortality is the highest in neonates, infants or subadults; 85% of cheetah cubs succumbed to the Winston outbreak [6] . The cheetah isolates were nested within a group of domestic cat viruses using pol 1a, N-7a and also in a polyphyletic intermix with the 3′ ′UTR gene segment.
    keywords: cheetahs; coronavirus; cov; sars
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        item: #275 of 5187
          id: cord-252232-vgq6gjpx
      author: Hou, Yuxuan
       title: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) proteins of different bat species confer variable susceptibility to SARS-CoV entry
        date: 2010-06-22
       words: 3224
      flesch: 48
     summary: Another important finding of our current study is the great genetic diversity of bat ACE2 proteins, which is in contrast to the genetically homogenous hACE2 [10] . Chimeric ACE2 was constructed by combining the N-terminal region of bat ACE2 with the C-terminal portion of human ACE2 at the unique BamHI site (1,070-1,075 bp).
    keywords: ace2; bat; bats; cov; human; mdace2; protein; receptor; sars
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        item: #276 of 5187
          id: cord-252234-3txk22yj
      author: Kaniyala Melanthota, Sindhoora
       title: Elucidating the microscopic and computational techniques to study the structure and pathology of SARS‐CoVs
        date: 2020-08-07
       words: 4014
      flesch: 40
     summary: MRS Online Proceedings Library Archive Structure, function, and evolution of coronavirus spike proteins Fluorescence microscopy Surface ultrastructure of SARS coronavirus revealed by atomic force microscopy Probing the structure of the SARS coronavirus using scanning electron microscopy Association of the infectious bronchitis virus 3c protein with the virion envelope Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro Lipid rafts are involved in SARS-CoV entry into Vero E6 cells Evaluation of a safe and sensitive spike protein-based immunofluorescence assay for the detection of antibody responses to SARS-CoV The molecular biology of coronaviruses Fluorescence lifetime imaging of alterations to cellular metabolism by domain 2 of the hepatitis C virus core protein Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 infections in engineered human tissues using clinical-grade soluble human ACE2 Topographic changes in SARS coronavirus-infected cells at late stages of infection Electron microscopic studies of coronavirus Past, present and future of atomic force microscopy in life sciences and medicine Recent discovery and development of inhibitors targeting coronaviruses Rapid visualization at high resolution of pathogens by atomic force microscopy: Structural studies of herpes simplex virus-1 Transmission electron microscopy imaging of SARS-CoV-2 Preliminary bioinformatics studies on the design of a synthetic vaccine and a preventative peptidomimetic antagonist against the SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV, COVID-19) coronavirus 3D electron microscopy (EM) and correlative light electron microscopy (CLEM) methods to study virus-host interactions Correlative light electron microscopy (CLEM) for tracking and imaging viral protein associated structures in cryo-immobilized cells Dissecting virus entry via endocytosis Coronaviruses: Structure and genome expression Glycan shield and epitope masking of a coronavirus spike protein observed by cryo-electron microscopy SARS coronavirus entry into host cells through a novel clathrin-and caveolae-independent endocytic pathway Structural and functional basis of SARS-CoV-2 entry by using human ACE2 Cumulative number of reported probable cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Transmission electron microscopy Molecular diversity of coronaviruses in bats Analysis of therapeutic targets for SARS-CoV-2 and discovery of potential drugs by computational methods A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China AFM as a high-resolution imaging tool and a molecular bond force probe Subcellular localization and membrane association of SARS-CoV 3a protein SARS coronavirus 7a protein blocks cell cycle progression at G0/G1 phase via the cyclin D3/pRb pathway Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia Quantitative monitoring of the cytoplasmic release of NCp7 proteins from individual HIV-1 viral cores during the early steps of infection Crystal structure of SARS-CoV-2 main protease provides a basis for design of improved α-ketoamide inhibitors Identification of novel proteolytically inactive mutations in coronavirus 3C-like protease using a combined approach Networkbased drug repurposing for novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV/SARS-CoV-2 How to cite this article Elucidating the microscopic and computational techniques to study the structure and pathology of SARS-CoVs Clustal W Progressive multiple sequence alignment Free web-based server Wu, Liu, et al., 2020; Wu, Zhao, et al., 2020 C-I-TASSER Server for protein structure prediction using multiple threading method LOMETS JPred Secondary structure prediction server Free web-based server Fahmi et al., 2020; Wu, Liu, et al., 2020; Wu, Zhao, et al., 2020
    keywords: cell; coronavirus; cov; et al; figure; microscopy; ncov; protein; sars; structure
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        item: #277 of 5187
          id: cord-252264-d9i19h8q
      author: Blackburn, Kyle M.
       title: Post-infectious neurological disorders
        date: 2020-08-30
       words: 6404
      flesch: 24
     summary: Post-infectious autoimmune disorders: Sydenham's chorea, PANDAS and beyond Environmental basis of autoimmunity The role of infections in multiple sclerosis Carbohydrate mimicry between human ganglioside GM1 and Campylobacter jejuni lipooligosaccharide causes Guillain-Barre syndrome Molecular mimicry in biological adaptation Molecular mimicry and auto-immunity Viruses and autoimmunity: a review on the potential interaction and molecular mechanisms Animal model of axonal Guillain-Barre syndrome induced by sensitization with GM1 ganglioside B cell epitope spreading: mechanisms and contribution to autoimmune diseases Epitope spreading in immune-mediated diseases: implications for immunotherapy Persistent infection with Theiler's virus leads to CNS autoimmunity via epitope spreading Low CD25 on autoreactive Tregs impairs tolerance via low dose IL-2 and antigen delivery Bystander activation and autoimmunity The blood-brain barrier in systemic inflammation Cytokines and immunity in multiple sclerosis: the dual signal hypothesis Multiple sclerosis and virus induced immune responses: autoimmunity can be primed by molecular mimicry and augmented by bystander activation A potential link between environmental triggers and autoimmunity Prevalence of hepatitis C serum antibody in autoimmune diseases Guillain-Barre syndrome Guillain-Barre syndrome Diagnosis of Guillain-Barre syndrome and validation of Brighton criteria Antecedent infections in Guillain-Barre syndrome: a singlecenter, prospective study The spectrum of antecedent infections in Guillain-Barre syndrome: a case-control study Infections and vaccinations preceding childhood Guillain-Barre syndrome: a prospective study Pathogenesis of immune-mediated neuropathies Immune attack on the Schwann cell surface in acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy Antiganglioside antibodies are associated with axonal Guillain-Barre syndrome: a Japanese-Italian collaborative study Acute motor axonal neuropathy rabbit model: immune attack on nerve root axons Anti-GM1 antibodies cause complementmediated disruption of sodium channel clusters in peripheral motor nerve fibers Pre-and postsynaptic blockade of neuromuscular transmission by Miller-Fisher syndrome IgG at mouse motor nerve terminals marrow transplantation Revision of the Jones criteria for the diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever in the era of Doppler echocardiography: a scientific statement from the American heart association Sydenham's chorea Vocal tics in Sydenham's chorea Neuropsychiatric manifestations of Sydenham's chorea: a systematic review Recurrence of Sydenham chorea: implications for pathogenesis Antibodies reacting with cytoplasm of subthalamic and caudate nuclei neurons in chorea and acute rheumatic fever Sydenham's chorea: physical and psychological symptoms of St Vitus dance Sydenham's chorea: magnetic resonance imaging of the basal ganglia Prevention of rheumatic fever and diagnosis and treatment of acute Streptococcal pharyngitis: a scientific statement from the American heart association rheumatic fever, endocarditis, and Kawasaki disease committee of the council on cardiovascular disease in the young, the interdisciplinary council on functional genomics and translational biology, and the interdisciplinary council on quality of care and outcomes research: endorsed by the American academy of pediatrics Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: an update Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: updates on an inflammatory CNS syndrome Neuromyelitis optica-IgG in childhood inflammatory demyelinating CNS disorders Clinical and neuroradiological differences of paediatric acute disseminating encephalomyelitis with and without antibodies to the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein HLA DQB1*0602 is associated with cataplexy in 509 narcoleptic patients T cells in patients with narcolepsy target selfantigens of hypocretin neurons Narcolepsy is strongly associated with the T-cell receptor alpha locus Antitribbles homolog 2 (TRIB2) autoantibodies in narcolepsy are associated with recent onset of cataplexy Elevated tribbles homolog 2-specific antibody levels in narcolepsy patients Narcolepsy onset is seasonal and increased following the 2009 H1N1 pandemic in China Zika virus: history of a newly emerging arbovirus Zika virus and other emerging arboviral central nervous system infections History, epidemiology, and clinical manifestations of Zika: a systematic review Guillain-Barre syndrome outbreak associated with Zika virus infection in French Polynesia: a case-control study Increased rates of Guillain-Barre syndrome associated with Zika virus outbreak in the journals Salvador metropolitan area, Brazil Neurologic complications associated with the Zika virus in Brazilian adults West Nile virus: a primer for the clinician West Nile virus-associated flaccid paralysis West Nile virus infection and myasthenia gravis Seropositivity for West Nile virus antibodies in patients affected by Myasthenia Gravis Neuromuscular manifestations of West Nile virus infection Guillain-Barre syndrome: an unusual presentation of West Nile virus infection Multifocal neuropathy associated with West Nile virus infection Stiff-person syndrome following West Nile fever West Nile virus infection triggering autoimmune encephalitis: pathophysiological and therapeutic implications Chikungunya: a re-emerging virus Severe manifestations of chikungunya virus in critically ill patients during the 2013-2014 Caribbean outbreak Chikungunya virus-associated encephalitis: a cohort study on La Reunion Island We also highlight post-infectious neurological disorders in the setting of recent outbreaks.
    keywords: acute; antibodies; associated; autoimmune; barre; disorders; encephalitis; gbs; guillain; infection; patients; post; sars; syndrome; virus
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        item: #278 of 5187
          id: cord-252279-0gozdv43
      author: Pal, Amit
       title: Hydroxychloroquine and Covid-19: A Cellular and Molecular Biology Based Update
        date: 2020-06-10
       words: 3866
      flesch: 31
     summary: Notably, in a mouse model of antiphospholipid syndrome, hydroxychloroquine treatment was associated with improvement in endothelial function [69, 70] . The exact molecular mechanisms by which DMARD hydroxychloroquine drug mediate their antithrombotic effects remain largely unknown and lay the platform for future prospective studies.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; disease; drugs; hydroxychloroquine; patients; sars; studies; syndrome; treatment; use
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        item: #279 of 5187
          id: cord-252286-377y9aqx
      author: Gauss, Tobias
       title: Preliminary pragmatic lessons from the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic from France
        date: 2020-05-13
       words: 2161
      flesch: 39
     summary: Those adaptations were sometimes met with distrust and anxiety by health care professionals, as they were considered as a consequence of PPE shortage and not evidence-based. Abstract The first wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic required an unprecedented and historic increase in critical care capacity on a global scale in France.
    keywords: care; crisis; pandemic; patients; professionals; sars
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        item: #280 of 5187
          id: cord-252288-klkoerfn
      author: Zhang, Bicheng
       title: Immune Phenotyping Based on the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and IgG Level Predicts Disease Severity and Outcome for Patients With COVID-19
        date: 2020-07-03
       words: 3250
      flesch: 47
     summary: As shown in Table 1 , severe patients had higher inflammatory cytokines levels including IL-2, IL-6, and IL-10 than non-severe patients, especially in the NLR hi IgG hi or NLR hi IgG lo phenotype (p < 0.05). Furthermore, severe patients with NLR(hi)IgG(hi), NLR(hi)IgG(lo) had higher inflammatory cytokines levels including IL-2, IL-6 and IL-10, and decreased CD4+ T cell count compared to those with NLR(lo)IgG(lo) phenotype (p < 0.05).
    keywords: igg; levels; nlr; patients; response; sars
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        item: #281 of 5187
          id: cord-252292-qz9msrl7
      author: Wilder-Smith, Annelies
       title: Experience of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome in Singapore: Importation of Cases, and Defense Strategies at the Airport
        date: 2006-03-08
       words: 2167
      flesch: 52
     summary: [2] [3] [4] There remains a concern that, even with such measures, prevention of transmission from imported SARS cases may be difficult for countries that receive many international travelers from areas badly affected by SARS. The country is therefore potentially vulnerable to importation of SARS cases that may initiate new outbreaks.
    keywords: cases; measures; sars; singapore
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        item: #282 of 5187
          id: cord-252305-rstxyofq
      author: Tyan, Kevin
       title: Considerations for the Selection and Use of Disinfectants Against SARS-CoV-2 in a Healthcare Setting
        date: 2020-08-31
       words: 2063
      flesch: 36
     summary: However, limited guidance exists on effective surface disinfectants or best practices for their use against SARS-CoV-2. Limited guidance exists on effective surface disinfectants or best practices for disinfectant use against SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: cov-2; disinfectants; sars
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        item: #283 of 5187
          id: cord-252389-xrdbmosj
      author: Kumar, Mukesh
       title: Neurological manifestations and comorbidity associated with COVID-19: an overview
        date: 2020-10-14
       words: 5453
      flesch: 37
     summary: The neurological manifestations reported by SARS patients, SARS-CoV was detected in samples/specimens of SARS patients. In this article, we have reviewed the neurological characteristic features of COVID-19 patients, latent neurotropic mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 involvement in the comorbidity associated with CNS disorders, and neurological manifestations associated with COVID-19.
    keywords: brain; cns; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; manifestations; patients; sars; symptoms
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        item: #284 of 5187
          id: cord-252428-w6tsf478
      author: Hayashi, Takuma
       title: Highly conserved binding region of ACE2 as a receptor for SARS-CoV-2 between humans and mammals
        date: 2020-09-29
       words: 2705
      flesch: 42
     summary: The protein ID numbers NP_001358344.1 for human ACE2 and CCP86723.1 for mink ACE2 are used to analyze the three-dimensional structures for mink and human ACE2 molecules. Structural remodeling also suggested that the G354H substitution in five key amino acid residues in the surface motif of mink ACE2 increased the binding affinity of the RBD of SARS-CoV-2 ( Figure 2(C) ).
    keywords: ace2; cov-2; human; mink; sars
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        item: #285 of 5187
          id: cord-252456-971d0sir
      author: Hemida, Maged Gomaa
       title: The SARS-CoV-2 outbreak from a one health perspective
        date: 2020-03-16
       words: 4830
      flesch: 51
     summary: Emerg Infect Dis Avian Influenza Virus Detection Rates in Poultry and Environment at Live Poultry Markets Effect of closure of live poultry markets on poultry-to-person transmission of avian influenza A H7N9 virus: an ecological study Expert consensus on preventing nosocomial transmission during respiratory care for critically ill patients infected by Controversy around airborne versus droplet transmission of respiratory viruses: implication for infection prevention Transmission of SARS and MERS coronaviruses and influenza virus in healthcare settings: the possible role of dry surface contamination Isolation and identification of human coronavirus 229E from frequently touched environmental surfaces of a university classroom that is cleaned daily Extensive Viable Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) Meanwhile, the effect of temperature on the virus infectivity/survival has great impact on the control of this class of respiratory viruses.
    keywords: control; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; health; mers; novel; sars; virus; viruses
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        item: #286 of 5187
          id: cord-252473-i4pmux28
      author: Rogers, Sharon
       title: Why can't I visit? The ethics of visitation restrictions – lessons learned from SARS
        date: 2004-08-31
       words: 1911
      flesch: 39
     summary: The ethics of visitation restrictions – lessons learned from SARS date: 2004-08-31 journal: Crit Care DOI: 10.1186/cc2930 sha: doc_id: 252473 cord_uid: i4pmux28 Patients want, need and expect that their relatives will be able to visit them during inpatient admissions or accompany them during ambulatory visits. This reflection will facilitate future decision making with respect to visitation restrictions.
    keywords: health; restrictions; sars; visitation
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        item: #287 of 5187
          id: cord-252506-8u9oiqoc
      author: Scarfò, Lydia
       title: COVID-19 severity and mortality in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a joint study by ERIC, the European Research Initiative on CLL, and CLL Campus
        date: 2020-07-09
       words: 4025
      flesch: 33
     summary: A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China Early detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in COVID-19 patients as a serologic marker of infection Clinical and immunological features of severe and moderate coronavirus disease 2019 Weathering the COVID-19 storm: lessons from hematologic cytokine syndromes Clinical characteristics and outcomes of hospitalised patients with COVID-19 treated in Hubei (epicenter) and outside Hubei (nonepicenter): a nationwide analysis of China COVID-19 in persons with haematological cancers Clinical characteristics, outcomes, and risk factors for mortality in patients with cancer and COVID-19 in Hubei, China: a multicentre, retrospective, cohort study Patients with cancer appear more vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2: a multicenter study during the COVID-19 outbreak Clinical characteristics and risk factors associated with COVID-19 disease severity in patients with cancer in Wuhan, China: a multicentre, retrospective, cohort study Survival study of hospitalised patients with concurrent COVID-19 and haematological malignancies CLL and COVID-19 at the Hospital Clinic of Barcelona: an interim report COVID-19 in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia Perturbation of the normal immune system in patients with CLL T cells from CLL patients exhibit features of T-cell exhaustion but retain capacity for cytokine production Immunomodulatory effect of ibrutinib: reducing the barrier against fungal infections The BTK inhibitor ibrutinib may protect again pulmonary injury in COVID-19-infected patients Chronic lymphocytic leukemia management in italy during the COVID-19 Pandemic. The presence of three or more comorbidities was not significantly different in patients hospitalized with severe versus nonsevere disease; moreover, the presence of hypogammaglobulinemia, a frequent laboratory finding in CLL, did not show a relevant impact on the clinical course of COVID-19 patients, probably underscoring the relevance of the inflammatory reaction rather than the viral replication (and the capacity to clear it by antibody-mediated immune response) in shaping the severity of the disease.
    keywords: cases; cll; cov-2; covid-19; disease; patients; sars; study; treatment
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        item: #288 of 5187
          id: cord-252528-rgnhfcbx
      author: Du, Fenghe
       title: COVID-19: the role of excessive cytokine release and potential ACE2 down-regulation in promoting hypercoagulable state associated with severe illness
        date: 2020-07-16
       words: 8450
      flesch: 24
     summary: Besides the enhanced levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, increased plasma levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-10, have been simultaneously detected in COVID-19 patients, suggesting a dysregulation of the adaptive immune system following the virus infection [2] . Furthermore, ACEI reduces levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine expressions in the aorta in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm, indicating the ability of ACEI to reduce vascular inflammation [102] .
    keywords: ace2; anti; cells; cov-2; covid-19; cytokine; ifn; il-6; infection; levels; patients; release; sars; serum; vascular
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        item: #289 of 5187
          id: cord-252550-yaosufpm
      author: None
       title: Correction: Unpuzzling COVID-19: tissue-related signaling pathways associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and transmission
        date: 2020-09-09
       words: 511
      flesch: 41
     summary: AT1R signals through JAK-STAT and induces fibrosis, pro-inflammatory gene expression and vasoconstriction [2, 3] . The cytokines IL-1β, IL-18 and TNF bind to specific receptors and promote further NF-κB nuclear translocation and phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, which will lead to great expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines
    keywords: ace2; sars
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        item: #290 of 5187
          id: cord-252557-f89m6xv5
      author: Ong, John
       title: Prevention of nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 transmission in endoscopy: international recommendations and the need for a gold standard
        date: 2020-04-02
       words: 1302
      flesch: 39
     summary: 2 3 Singapore previously had the largest cohort of COVID-19 patients outside China in the early phases of the outbreak. High risk=symptomatic with either contact risk of from the high-risk area.
    keywords: covid-19; endoscopy; patients; risk; sars
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        item: #291 of 5187
          id: cord-252574-7oh0k139
      author: Nicastro, Emanuele
       title: A Pediatric Emergency Department Protocol to Avoid Intra-Hospital Dispersal of SARS-CoV-2 during the Outbreak in Bergamo, Italy
        date: 2020-04-21
       words: 1597
      flesch: 31
     summary: Patients admitted for non-respiratory problems and without history of contact with COVID-19 patients also undergo diagnostic NP/OP swab for SARS-CoV-2, to detect asymptomatic carriers, and are managed with COVID-19 precautions until the swab result is available. Remarkably, during the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic, the number of pediatric patients presenting to the emergency department decreased from a mean of 62/day to a mean of 8/day (Figure 2 Remarkably, among the patients admitted electively to the hemato-oncology unit, 3/15 (20%) tested positive (2 with hepatoblastoma and 1 with rhabdoid tumour, all with fever and neutropenia following chemotherapy).
    keywords: children; covid-19; infection; patients; sars
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        item: #292 of 5187
          id: cord-252597-ea78sjcs
      author: Ramazzotti, Daniele
       title: VERSO: a comprehensive framework for the inference of robust phylogenies and the quantification of intra-host genomic diversity of viral samples
        date: 2020-10-19
       words: 10711
      flesch: 36
     summary: Homoplasy detection (clonal variants). As specified above, VERSO STEP #2 is executed on groups of samples with identical clonal genotype: the rationale is that the transmission of minor variants implicates the concurrent transfer of clonal variants, excluding the rare cases in which the VF of a clonal variant significantly decreases in a given host, for instance due to mutation losses (e.g., via recombination-associated deletions or via multiple mutations hitting an already mutated genome location [34] ) or to complex horizontal evolution phenomena (e.g., super-infections
    keywords: analysis; clonal; cov-2; data; evolution; genomic; host; intra; mutations; samples; sars; sequencing; step; transmission; variants; verso
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        item: #293 of 5187
          id: cord-252600-bvh1o64r
      author: Galasiti Kankanamalage, Anushka C.
       title: Structure-guided design of potent and permeable inhibitors of MERS coronavirus 3CL protease that utilize a piperidine moiety as a novel design element
        date: 2018-04-25
       words: 4766
      flesch: 44
     summary: S n ' correspond to the enzyme subsites on the N-terminus and C-terminus side, respectively, of the scissile bond Structure of main protease from human coronavirus NL63: insights for wide spectrum anti-coronavirus drug design Reversal of the progression of fatal coronavirus infection in cats by a broad-spectrum coronavirus protease inhibitor Efficacy of a 3C-like protease inhibitor in treating various forms of acquired feline infectious peritonitis Tripeptide aldehyde inhibitors of human rhinovirus 3C protease: design, synthesis, biological evaluation, and cocrystal structure solution of P1 glutamine isosteric replacements Structure-guided design and optimization of dipeptidyl inhibitors of norovirus 3CL protease. Inspection of the structure reveals the presence of prominent electron density consistent with the structure of inhibitor 10c; however, the N-Bocpiperidinyl moiety was disordered.
    keywords: 3clpro; compounds; coronavirus; cov; inhibitor; mers; mixture; mmol; protease; reaction; solution; structure
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        item: #294 of 5187
          id: cord-252671-uf96jgig
      author: Wang, Yi
       title: The Membrane Protein of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Functions as a Novel Cytosolic Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern To Promote Beta Interferon Induction via a Toll-Like-Receptor-Related TRAF3-Independent Mechanism
        date: 2016-02-09
       words: 7447
      flesch: 45
     summary: Early study has shown that M protein possesses a higher substitution rate than other structural proteins in SARS-CoV, and the outcome of these substitutions alters the biochemical and immunological properties of M proteins (43, 44) . Therefore, this amino acid substitution in M proteins indeed affects the interaction between M protein and the PRR for the subsequent IFN-I induction.
    keywords: cells; cov; expression; fig; gene; ifn-; induction; production; protein; sars; signaling; traf3
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        item: #295 of 5187
          id: cord-252687-7084pfqm
      author: Szelenberger, Rafal
       title: Ischemic Stroke among the Symptoms Caused by the COVID-19 Infection
        date: 2020-08-19
       words: 7350
      flesch: 34
     summary: Despite the available clinical studies evaluating the potential role of hemostatis biomarkers (i.e., von Willebrand factor (vWF), P-selectin, fibrinogen, thrombomodulin, tissue factor, d-dimer, etc.) in ischemic stroke patients, the value of studied biomarkers is still unproven and requires further investigation [26] . Ischemic stroke patients mostly received thrombolytic therapy.
    keywords: acute; blood; brain; cells; coagulation; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; endothelium; infection; ischemic; patients; response; sars; stroke; symptoms; system
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        item: #296 of 5187
          id: cord-252714-idlyl4ga
      author: Islam, M. Saiful
       title: Current knowledge of COVID-19 and infection prevention and control strategies in healthcare settings: A global analysis
        date: 2020-05-15
       words: 5670
      flesch: 45
     summary: To identify COVID-19 IPC guidelines, we visited the websites of the international public health agencies such as CDC, ECDC, WHO, as well as the Australian Government Department of Health, the Bureau of Disease Prevention and Control of the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, and Public Health England. For example, blood, saliva, and stool, of COVID-19 patients have been tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, 60,63,69 but the precise role these body fluids play in disease transmission in healthcare settings and the ways in which they may be transferred remain uncertain.
    keywords: control; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; guidelines; hcps; health; infection; ipc; patients; prevention; sars; transmission
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        item: #297 of 5187
          id: cord-252725-e3pazjdi
      author: Khalil, Ayman
       title: The upshot of Polyphenolic compounds on immunity amid COVID-19 pandemic and other emerging communicable diseases: An appraisal
        date: 2020-10-15
       words: 8801
      flesch: 31
     summary: Polydatin has numerous benefits which is widely reported including anti-inflammatory effect in chronic lung diseases, anti-oxidative, anti-platelet aggregative, anti-fibrosis, anti-cancer, benefits for neurological diseases and anxiolytic effects [207, 208] . Anti-asthmatic activity of luteolin was also reported in experimental mice [93] .
    keywords: acid; activities; activity; anti; antioxidant; compounds; covid-19; diseases; effects; fig; human; infection; inflammation; influenza; lung; respiratory; sars; virus; vitro
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        item: #298 of 5187
          id: cord-252761-ro5tj0tx
      author: Marriott, Deborah
       title: Concomitant marked decline in prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses among symptomatic patients following public health interventions in Australia: data from St Vincent’s Hospital and associated screening clinics, Sydney, NSW.
        date: 2020-08-25
       words: 1232
      flesch: 50
     summary: Despite the broadening of testing criteria, an increase in total testing numbers, and a move into cooler months, SARS- CoV-2 cases to similarly rise supports the absence of circulating SARS CoV-2 in the NSW community during that period, but the increased rhinovirus transmission does raise concern that SARS CoV-2 may also spread readily if reintroduced. key: cord-252761-ro5tj0tx authors: Marriott, Deborah; Beresford, Rohan; Mirdad, Feras; Stark, Damien; Glanville, Allan; Chapman, Scott; Harkness, Jock; Dore, Gregory J; Andresen, David; Matthews, Gail V title: Concomitant marked decline in prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses among symptomatic patients following public health interventions in Australia: data from St Vincent’s Hospital and associated screening clinics, Sydney, NSW. date: 2020-08-25 journal: Clin Infect Dis DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa1256 sha: doc_id: 252761 cord_uid: ro5tj0tx Our Australian hospital tested almost 22,000 symptomatic people over 11 weeks for SARS-CoV-2 in a multiplex PCR assay.
    keywords: cov-2; sars
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        item: #299 of 5187
          id: cord-252767-as841xo0
      author: Fischer, Bastian
       title: SARS-CoV-2 IgG seroprevalence in blood donors located in three different federal states, Germany, March to June 2020
        date: 2020-07-16
       words: 2029
      flesch: 42
     summary: Fallzahlen in Deutschland und weltweit Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 specific neutralising antibodies in blood donors from the Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in Spain (ENE-COVID): a nationwide, population-based seroepidemiological study Estimating the effects of non-pharmaceutical interventions on COVID-19 in Europe What policy makers need to know about COVID-19 protective immunity Longitudinal profile of antibodies against SARS-coronavirus in SARS patients and their clinical significance Patterns of IgG and IgM antibody response in COVID-19 patients Systemic and mucosal antibody secretion specific to SARS-CoV-2 during mild versus severe COVID-19 Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in patients with COVID-19 We gratefully thank Birgit Drawe, Ricarda Plümers, Anika Kleine, Vanessa Schmidt, Janina Tiemann, Thanh-Diep Ly, Christopher Lindenkamp and Christoph Lichtenberg for their technical assistance. It should be emphasised that the preselection of blood donors as study cohort is accompanied by limitations regarding representation of the population: Blood donors are between 18 and 65 years-old, young healthy adults are usually overrepresented and other groups (e.g. children, HIV/HCV/HBV-infected patients, older people with underlying conditions, institutionalised people) are excluded or underrepresented.
    keywords: cov-2; donors; igg; sars; seroprevalence
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        item: #300 of 5187
          id: cord-252771-6kwfulqe
      author: Yue, Jing-Li
       title: Mental health services for infectious disease outbreaks including COVID-19: a rapid systematic review
        date: 2020-11-05
       words: 7946
      flesch: 29
     summary: We sought to include any articles focusing on mental health interventions or services applied specifically for infectious disease outbreaks. Except for publications on some mental health intervention systems and psychosocial interventions, most other reports were not specifically designed to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of mental health interventions.
    keywords: care; china; covid-19; depression; disease; et al; health; healthcare; interventions; outbreak; pandemic; patients; review; risk; services; support; workers
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        item: #301 of 5187
          id: cord-252804-u7tz6xzz
      author: Ciotti, Marco
       title: COVID-19 Outbreak: An Overview
        date: 2020-04-07
       words: 3571
      flesch: 45
     summary: Nat Rev Microbiol Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Presumed asymptomatic carrier transmission of COVID-19 Concentration and detection of SARS coronavirus in sewage from Xiao Tang Shan Hospital and the 309th Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Stability of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) under different environmental conditions Washington State 2019-nCoV Case Investigation Team. Algorithm for the management of contacts of probable or confirmed COVID-19 cases Detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real-time RT-PCR Laboratory readiness and response for novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in expert laboratories in 30 EU/EEA countries Improved molecular diagnosis of COVID-19 by the novel, highly sensitive and specific COVID-19-RdRp/Hel real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay validated in vitro and with clinical specimens Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus as an agent of emerging and reemerging infection Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: another zoonotic betacoronavirus causing SARS-like disease Structural insights into coronavirus entry Isolation and characterization of a bat SARS-like coronavirus that uses the ACE2 receptor Stabilized coronavirus spikes are resistant to conformational changes induced by receptor recognition or proteolysis Cryo-EM structure of the SARS coronavirus spike glycoprotein in complex with its host cell receptor ACE2 Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus Structure of SARS coronavirus spike receptor-binding domain complexed with receptor Structure, function, and antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein The 2019-new coronavirus epidemic: evidence for virus evolution Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding Structural basis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus ADP-ribose-1′′-phosphate dephosphorylation by a conserved domain of nsP3 COV-ID-2019: the role of the nsp2 and nsp3 in its pathogenesis The global spread of 2019-nCoV: a molecular evolutionary analysis.
    keywords: acid; bat; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; novel; position; residue; sars
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        item: #302 of 5187
          id: cord-252818-1gms4zw3
      author: Bouayed, Jaouad
       title: Behavioural manipulation ‐ key to the successful global spread of the new Coronavirus SARS‐Cov‐2?
        date: 2020-08-19
       words: 2492
      flesch: 39
     summary: In the following, we briefly emphasize the possibility of COVID-19 instigated behaviour, contributing to the rapid spread of the virus we observe. Regrettably, direct scientific evidence for behavioural changes from COVID-19 infected individuals are not (yet) available, and carefully controlled studies in this domain are warranted.
    keywords: behaviour; coronavirus; covid-19; sars; spread; transmission
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        item: #303 of 5187
          id: cord-252857-vaq0kwln
      author: Rejdak, Konrad
       title: Adamantanes might be protective from COVID-19 in patients with neurological diseases: multiple sclerosis, parkinsonism and cognitive impairment
        date: 2020-04-30
       words: 1228
      flesch: 40
     summary: Hereby we report on the result of a questionaire-based study performed to assess whether adamantanes could exert protective antiviral effect against COVID-19 among different neurological disease patients including multiple sclerosis, parkinsonism and cognitive impairment. In particular, elderly patients with dementia or parkinsonism, or patients exposed to immunosuppressive treatment in the course of autoimmune-mediated demyelinating diseases might require special attention. Adamantanes, drugs containing tricyclo-bridged hydrocarbon structure, interfere with viroporin protein channel seemingly responsible for release of RNA-viruses, such as SARS coronavirus, from infected cells (Torres et al., 2007) .
    keywords: covid-19; disease; patients
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        item: #304 of 5187
          id: cord-252873-4tazhf40
      author: Kruglikov, Ilja L.
       title: The role of adipocytes and adipocyte‐like cells in the severity of COVID‐19 infections
        date: 2020-04-27
       words: 2300
      flesch: 41
     summary: TZDs are able to stabilize lipofibroblasts in their “inactive” state, preventing the transition to myofibroblasts and thereby reducing the development of pulmonary fibrosis and stimulating its resolution. At the same time, ACE2 acts as a negative regulator of pulmonary fibrosis (2) .
    keywords: ace2; fibrosis; myofibroblasts; sars
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        item: #305 of 5187
          id: cord-252910-7qvnj6c8
      author: Li, Xin
       title: The discovery of a recombinant SARS2-like CoV strain provides insights into SARS and COVID-19 pandemics
        date: 2020-09-21
       words: 4198
      flesch: 46
     summary: Recombination, Reservoirs, and the Modular Spike: Mechanisms of Coronavirus Cross-Species Transmission Bioinformatics Analysis of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Genome A Furin Cleavage Site Was Discovered in the S Protein of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Novel Coronavirus Leads to Insights into Its Virulence The Architecture of SARS-CoV-2 Transcriptome A novel bat coronavirus closely related to SARS-CoV-2 contains natural insertions at the S1/S2 cleavage site of the spike protein SARS coronavirus ORF8 protein is acquired from SARS-related coronavirus from greater horseshoe bats through recombination Attenuation of replication by a 29 nucleotide deletion in SARScoronavirus acquired during the early stages of human-to-human transmission Genomewide Association Study of Severe Covid-19 with Respiratory Failure Potential impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the thymus Discovery of a 382-nt deletion during the early evolution of SARS-CoV-2. key: cord-252910-7qvnj6c8 authors: Li, Xin; Jin, Xiufeng; Chen, Shunmei; Wang, Liangge; Yau, Tung On; Yang, Jianyi; Hong, Zhangyong; Ruan, Jishou; Duan, Guangyou; Gao, Shan title: The discovery of a recombinant SARS2-like CoV strain provides insights into SARS and COVID-19 pandemics date: 2020-09-21 journal: bioRxiv DOI: 10.1101/2020.07.22.213926 sha: doc_id: 252910 cord_uid: 7qvnj6c8
    keywords: betacoronavirus; cov; cov-2; junction; orf8; recombination; rmyn02; sars
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        item: #306 of 5187
          id: cord-252919-647zcjgu
      author: Chen, Yun
       title: Structure analysis of the receptor binding of 2019-nCoV
        date: 2020-02-17
       words: 3480
      flesch: 55
     summary: 3 aligns parts of ACE2 sequences that contain all the interaction sites in contact with SARS-CoV RBD according to the published co-crystal structure [6] . Amino acid residues in the RBD/ ACE2 binding interface plays a crucial role in determining the binding affinity.
    keywords: ace2; binding; coronavirus; glycoprotein; ncov; rbd; sars; spike
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        item: #307 of 5187
          id: cord-252922-cdhnlvxv
      author: West, Erin A.
       title: Corona Immunitas: study protocol of a nationwide program of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and seroepidemiologic studies in Switzerland
        date: 2020-10-24
       words: 5480
      flesch: 37
     summary: Seroprevalence studies to assess the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the general population and subgroups are key for evaluating mitigation and vaccination policies and for understanding the spread of the disease both on the national level and for comparison with the international community. We define our general, population-based studies as seroprevalence studies and our subpopulation studies as seroepidemiological studies per the lexicon defined by Horby et al. (2017) .
    keywords: corona; cov-2; health; immunitas; infection; pandemic; participants; population; sars; seroprevalence; studies; study; switzerland; test
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        item: #308 of 5187
          id: cord-252933-bu4oihem
      author: Xu, Jieqing Jessica
       title: Renal Infarct in a COVID‐19 Positive Kidney‐Pancreas Transplant Recipient
        date: 2020-06-01
       words: 1394
      flesch: 30
     summary: Throughout his hospitalization, he received high dose thromboembolism prophylaxis with enoxaparin 40 mg subcutaneously every 12 hours, as per institutional protocol which was modified to reflect the higher rate of thromboembolic events observed in COVID-19 patients. There is mounting evidence that COVID-19 patients are predisposed to both venous (5, 8, 9) and arterial (10) thromboembolic events.
    keywords: covid-19; disease; patients; transplant
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        item: #309 of 5187
          id: cord-252965-30pl5tx3
      author: Stutt, Richard O. J. H.
       title: A modelling framework to assess the likely effectiveness of facemasks in combination with ‘lock-down’ in managing the COVID-19 pandemic
        date: 2020-06-10
       words: 8017
      flesch: 41
     summary: We considered, therefore, the effects of varying the time of facemask adoption by the public and show that, even if facemask use began immediately while in the first lock-down period, major benefits would still be accrued by preventing the occurrence of further COVID-19 disease waves (figure 6a-c). This is clearly the worst case but we consider that, in practice, negative effects of facemask adoption are improbable, because countries where facemask use is mandatory have relatively low COVID-19 spread and numbers of deaths.
    keywords: adoption; covid-19; facemask; infection; inoculum; lock; model; population; public; sars; transmission; use; wearers
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        item: #310 of 5187
          id: cord-252980-1e28zj1d
      author: Zhang, Jiahao
       title: Insights into the cross-species evolution of 2019 novel coronavirus
        date: 2020-03-04
       words: 1046
      flesch: 45
     summary: Although the S amino acid identities of pangolin-origin coronavirus exhibited lower amino acid identities with bat/RaTG13, it was noteworthy that six amino acids associated with the receptor binding preference of human receptor angiotensin converting enzyme II-464 L, 495F, 502Q, 503S, 510 N, and 514Y (SARS-CoV-2 numbering)-in the pangolin/1 coronavirus were the same as that of SARS-CoV-2 ( Fig. 2 ), but were distinct from that of the bat-origin coronaviruses. Since its emergence in December 2019, a seventh member of the family of human coronavirus named SARS-CoV-2 was responsible for an outbreak of coronavirus disease in Wuhan, China.
    keywords: bat; cov-2; sars
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        item: #311 of 5187
          id: cord-252991-gvlyn6j7
      author: Silva, V. O.
       title: PREVALENCE OF ANTIBODIES AGAINST SARS-CoV-2 IN PROFESSIONALS OF A PUBLIC HEALTH LABORATORY AT SAO PAULO, SP, BRAZIL
        date: 2020-10-21
       words: 4155
      flesch: 44
     summary: São Paulo is the most populous State and accordantly has the largest number of COVID-19 cases in the country, with 985.628 documented cases and 35.622 thousand deaths by the end of September 2020 (SEADE, 2020) . A large study in Denmark showed an overall seroprevalence of 3.4% (CI: 2.5%-3.8%) among health care workers.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; health; license; medrxiv; preprint; sars; workers
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        item: #312 of 5187
          id: cord-253006-r2a2ozrc
      author: Yan, Xiquan
       title: Duration of SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA in asymptomatic carriers
        date: 2020-05-24
       words: 494
      flesch: 49
     summary: The long duration of asymptomatic infection with SARS-CoV-2 may warrant a reassessment of quarantine as the current outbreak. [2] , and the relatively high proportion of asymptomatic infections could have public health implications
    keywords: asymptomatic; sars
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        item: #313 of 5187
          id: cord-253035-tijcxtwx
      author: Wang, Chen
       title: A novel coronavirus outbreak of global health concern
        date: 2020-01-24
       words: 1852
      flesch: 41
     summary: However, current interim guidance from WHO on clinical management of severe acute respiratory infection when novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection is suspected (released Jan 28, 2020) advises against the use of corticosteroids unless indicated for Clinical evidence does not support corticosteroid treatment for 2019-nCoV lung injury Geneva: Geneva, World Health Organization Beijing: China National Health Commission Clinical management of severe acute respiratory infection when novel coronavirus (nCoV) infection is suspected.
    keywords: cases; coronavirus; health; infection; ncov; patients
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        item: #314 of 5187
          id: cord-253077-61fmul8c
      author: Vabret, Nicolas
       title: Immunology of COVID-19: current state of the science
        date: 2020-05-06
       words: 20264
      flesch: 30
     summary: Tan et al. proposed a prognostic model based on lymphocyte counts at two time points: patients with less than 20% lymphocytes at days 10-12 from the onset of symptoms and less than 5% at days 17-19 had the worst outcomes in this study (Tan et al., 2020a) . Antibodies binding the SARS-CoV-2 internal N protein and the external S glycoprotein are commonly detected (Amanat et al., 2020; Ju et al., 2020; .
    keywords: 2020b; antibodies; antibody; blood; cd4; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; covid-19 patients; cytokine; disease; et al; hcq; human; ifn; immune; infection; inflammatory; levels; lung; mers; patients; potential; protein; respiratory; responses; sars; sars coronavirus; severity; specific; studies; study; syndrome; t cells; treatment; vaccine
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        item: #315 of 5187
          id: cord-253124-s3pa4n8a
      author: Dhamad, Ahmed E.
       title: COVID-19: molecular and serological detection methods
        date: 2020-10-07
       words: 3377
      flesch: 40
     summary: And the top keywords that searched were: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, coronavirus, genomic RNA, protein structure, ACE2, transmission, symptoms, molecular detection methods, serological detection methods, rRT-PCR, ID NOW COVID-19, isothermal amplification, CRISPR, SARS-CoV-2 DETECTR, LAMP, recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA), Lateral flow assay (LFA) and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In this review, we summarized the current knowledge about COVID-19 detection methods aiming to highlight the advantages and disadvantages of molecular and serological methods.
    keywords: control; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; detection; igg; methods; sars
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        item: #316 of 5187
          id: cord-253178-c41xejo3
      author: Neuman, B.W.
       title: Supramolecular Architecture of the Coronavirus Particle
        date: 2016-09-15
       words: 7821
      flesch: 19
     summary: The more conserved S2 region contains the transmembrane anchor, palmitic acid acylation site (Thorp et al., 2006) that is important for membrane fusion (McBride and Machamer, 2010; Shulla and Gallagher, 2009) , and the coiled-coil fusion motor domain (Bosch et al., 2003; Duquerroy et al., 2005; Liu et al., 2004; Tripet et al., 2004; Xu et al., 2004a,b) . The fusion motor complex of S2 consisting of two hydrophobic amino acid 4-3 heptad repeat regions (HR1 and HR2) which form amphipathic helices of a coiled-coil structure has also been solved in several forms (Bosch et al., 2003; Duquerroy et al., 2005; Liu et al., 2004; Tripet et al., 2004; Xu et al., 2004a,b) .
    keywords: assembly; coronavirus; cov; domain; et al; fusion; genome; membrane; neuman; neuman et; nucleocapsid; particles; protein; rna; sars; spike; structure; syndrome; virion
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        item: #317 of 5187
          id: cord-253179-pi5uq90z
      author: Yu, Jing
       title: SARS-CoV-2 transmission in cancer patients of a tertiary hospital in Wuhan
        date: 2020-02-25
       words: 1335
      flesch: 45
     summary: Among the different disease types, cancer patients are often recalled to the hospital for treatment and disease surveillance, and the majority of cancer treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy are immunosuppressive. Among the different disease types, cancer patients are often recalled to the hospital for treatment and disease surveillance, and the majority of cancer treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy are immunosuppressive.
    keywords: cancer; patients; sars
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        item: #318 of 5187
          id: cord-253201-r6vsa0pw
      author: Nazari, S.
       title: Central Nervous System Manifestations in COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
        date: 2020-07-22
       words: 3961
      flesch: 41
     summary: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the CNS presentations in COVID-19 patients in an attempt to identify the common CNS features and provide a better overview to tackle this new pandemic. However, a growing number of COVID-19 patients are presenting with different combinations of the central nervous system (CNS) manifestations [16]
    keywords: cns; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; infection; license; medrxiv; patients; preprint
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        item: #319 of 5187
          id: cord-253238-ptmxkpae
      author: Kopel, Jonathan
       title: Clinical Insights into the Gastrointestinal Manifestations of COVID-19
        date: 2020-05-23
       words: 4158
      flesch: 41
     summary: Given the high percentage of COVID-19 patients that present with GI symptoms (e.g., nausea and diarrhea), screening patients for GI symptoms remain essential. Given the high percentage of COVID-19 patients that present with GI symptoms (diarrhea, nausea, etc.), screening these patients is essential.
    keywords: cases; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; human; infection; patients; sars; symptoms; syndrome
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        item: #320 of 5187
          id: cord-253245-433mg0ke
      author: Gao, Zhiru
       title: A systematic review of re-detectable positive virus nucleic acid among COVID-19 patients in recovery phase
        date: 2020-08-05
       words: 1855
      flesch: 46
     summary: However, there is currently insufficient knowledge about the characteristics of RP patients. In the manuscript, we reviewed characteristics, potential reasons, infectivity, treatment, and outcome of RP patients in order to explain this phenomenon.
    keywords: cov-2; patients
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        item: #321 of 5187
          id: cord-253252-s8fm5rfa
      author: Jayaweera, Mahesh
       title: Transmission of COVID-19 virus by droplets and aerosols: A critical review on the unresolved dichotomy
        date: 2020-06-13
       words: 14122
      flesch: 36
     summary: With the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, many researchers have been in the development of effective filtering mechanisms to combat SARS-CoV-2-laden aerosol transmission; however, until early May 2020, there have been no promising PPE developed to curtail such transmission. Morawska (2006) has presented a classification for virus transmission, including human-human transmission, airborne transmission, and other means of transmission such as endogenous infection, common vehicle, and vector spread.
    keywords: aerosols; air; cov-2; covid-19; disease; droplets; et al; humidity; infection; influenza; masks; particles; person; sars; temperature; transmission; virus
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        item: #322 of 5187
          id: cord-253282-zwl0safn
      author: Plant, Ewan P.
       title: Altering SARS Coronavirus Frameshift Efficiency Affects Genomic and Subgenomic RNA Production
        date: 2013-01-18
       words: 5023
      flesch: 52
     summary: In an effort to further our understanding of how the SARS frameshift signal functions we performed deletion and mutagenesis studies an analyzed the effects on frameshifting efficiency, RNA structure and viral RNA production. The observed effects in vivo should therefore reflect changes related to RNA structure within the frameshifting signal, rather than changes in the function of the encoded proteins.
    keywords: coronavirus; efficiency; frameshifting; genomic; loop; pseudoknot; rna; sequence; stem; structure
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        item: #323 of 5187
          id: cord-253331-z443e8lk
      author: Stanhope, Michael J.
       title: Evidence from the evolutionary analysis of nucleotide sequences for a recombinant history of SARS-CoV
        date: 2004-03-31
       words: 2565
      flesch: 33
     summary: Calling all coronavirologists Aetiology: Koch's postulates fulfilled for SARS virus A likelihood method for the detection of selection and recombination using nucleotide sequences Human infection by a swine influenza A (H1N1) virus in Switzerland MRBAYES: Bayesian inference of phylogenetic trees SplitsTree: analyzing and visualizing evolutionary data A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Evidence of genetic diversity generated by recombination among avian coronavirus IBV Evaluation of methods for detecting recombination from DNA sequences: empirical data MODELTEST: testing the model of DNA substitution Evaluation of methods for detecting recombination from DNA sequences: computer simulations SARS associated coronavirus has a recombinant polymerase and coronaviruses have a history of host-shifting Comparative full-length genome sequence analysis of 14 SARS coronavirus isolates and common mutations associated with putative origins of infection Identification of breakpoints in intergenotypic recombinants of HIV type 1 by bootscanning Unique and conserved features of genome and proteome of SARS-coronavirus, an early split-off from the coronavirus group 2 lineage Phylogenetic analysis of a highly conserved region of the polymerase gene from 11 coronaviruses and development of a consensus polymerase chain reaction assay PAUP * At the time of manuscript submission, there were 36 complete, or nearly complete, genomes of SARS virus available, all of which were highly similar at the DNA sequence level, thus strain selection does not affect the results of our analyses.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov; group; recombination; sars
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        item: #324 of 5187
          id: cord-253366-03cg831z
      author: Chakraborty, Hirak
       title: Mechanistic insights of host cell fusion of SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 from atomic resolution structure and membrane dynamics
        date: 2020-07-22
       words: 5043
      flesch: 39
     summary: A quantitative model for membrane fusion based on low-energy intermediates Energetics of intermediates in membrane fusion: comparison of stalk and inverted micellar intermediate mechanisms The many mechanisms of viral membrane fusion proteins Receptor binding and membrane fusion in virus entry: the influenza hemagglutinin Epidemiology, genetic recombination, and pathogenesis of coronaviruses Role of lipids in virus replication Mechanisms of coronavirus cell entry mediated by the viral spike protein Structures and mechanisms of viral membrane fusion proteins: multiple variations on a common theme Signal peptide fragments of preprolactin and HIV-1 p-gp160 interact with calmodulin Recombination, reservoirs, and the modular spike: mechanisms of coronavirus cross-species transmission Atomic structure of the ectodomain from HIV-1 gp41 Structure of the influenza virus haemagglutinin complexed with its receptor, sialic acid Genetic analysis of the SARS-coronavirus spike glycoprotein functional domains involved in cell-surface expression and cell-to-cell fusion The sweet spot: defining virus-sialic acid interactions Cellular entry of the SARS coronavirus Receptor-induced conformational changes in the SU subunit of the avian sarcoma/leukosis virus A envelope protein: implications for fusion activation Studies on the mechanism of membrane fusion: site-specific mutagenesis of the hemagglutinin of influenza virus Wild-type and mutant hemagglutinin fusion peptides alter bilayer structure as well as kinetics and activation thermodynamics of stalk and pore formation differently: mechanistic implications A specific point mutant at position 1 of the influenza hemagglutinin fusion peptide displays a hemifusion phenotype HIV-1 fusion peptide decreases bending energy and promotes curved fusion intermediates Fusion peptide from influenza hemagglutinin increases membrane surface order: an electron-spin resonance study The Gaussian curvature elastic energy of intermediates in membrane fusion Energetics of vesicle fusion intermediates: comparison of calculations with observed effects of osmotic and curvature stresses Crystal structure of HIV-1 gp41 including both fusion peptide and membrane proximal external regions gp41 transmembrane domain interacts with the fusion peptide: implication in lipid mixing and inhibition of virus-cell fusion Fusion peptides and the mechanism of viral fusion Viral fusion proteins: multiple regions contribute to membrane fusion Physiological and molecular triggers for SARS-CoV membrane fusion and entry into host cells Hypothesis: spring-loaded boomerang mechanism of influenza hemagglutinin-mediated membrane fusion The three lives of viral fusion peptides HIV entry and envelope glycoprotein-mediated fusion The polar region consecutive to the HIV fusion peptide participates in membrane fusion A host-guest system to study structure-function relationships of membrane fusion peptides Early and late HIV-1 membrane fusion events are impaired by sphinganinelipidated peptides that target the fusion site Sendai virus internal fusion peptide: structural and functional characterization and a plausible mode of viral entry inhibition Are fusion pepties good model to study viral cell fusion Lipids in biological membrane fusion Relationship between the infectivity of influenza virus and the ability of its fusion peptide to perturb bilayers Membrane structure and fusiontriggering conformational change of the fusion domain from influenza hemagglutinin The complete influenza hemagglutinin fusion domain adopts a tight helical hairpin arrangement at the lipid:water interface Structure and function of the complete internal fusion loop from Ebolavirus glycoprotein 2 The amino-terminal region of the fusion peptide of influenza virus hemagglutinin HA2 inserts into sodium dodecyl sulfate micelle with residues 16-18 at the aqueous boundary at acidic pH. Oligomerization and the conformational flexibility NMR structure, localization, and vesicle fusion of Chikungunya virus fusion peptide Interaction of the Dengue virus fusion peptide with membranes assessed by NMR: The essential role of the envelope protein Trp101 for membrane fusion Solid-state NMR spectroscopy of the HIV gp41 membrane fusion protein supports intermolecular antiparallel beta sheet fusion peptide structure in the final six-helix bundle state Fully hydrophobic HIV gp41 adopts a hemifusion-like conformation in phospholipid bilayers Structurerelated roles for the conservation of the HIV-1 fusion peptide sequence revealed by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Conformation and lipid interaction of the fusion peptide of the paramyxovirus PIV5 in anionic and negative-curvature membranes from solid-state NMR A strong correlation between fusogenicity and membrane insertion depth of the HIV fusion peptide Structure and dynamics of micelle-associated human immunodeficiency virus Membrane fusion, one of the most fundamental processes for the survival of eukaryotes, occurs when two closely apposed lipid bilayers merge into a continuous single bilayer and the inner contents are mixed with each other.
    keywords: cell; coronavirus; domain; fusion; host; membrane; peptide; protein; sars; spike; structure; virus
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        item: #325 of 5187
          id: cord-253380-oymg1bba
      author: Karataş, Ayşe
       title: Prolonged Viral Shedding in a Lymphoma Patient with COVID-19 Infection Receiving Convalescent Plasma
        date: 2020-07-03
       words: 759
      flesch: 43
     summary: A summary of 10 confirmed cases in wuhan, china Clinical impact of COVID-19 on patients with cancer (CCC19): a cohort study Convalescent plasma as a potential therapy for COVID-19 Treatment of COVID-19 patients with Convalescent Plasma Effect of convalescent plasma therapy on time to clinical improvement in patients with severe and life-threatening covid-19: A randomized clinical trial SARS-CoV-2: The viral shedding vs infectivity dilemma, Infection, Disease and Health Prolonged virus shedding even after seroconversion in a patient with covid-19 Case report: Viral shedding for 60 days in a woman with covid-19 In patients with hematological malignancies or immunosuppression, such as ASCT, may lead to prolonged viral shedding, and strict isolation is warranted for long-term SARS-CoV-2 infection control.
    keywords: covid-19; days; patients
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        item: #326 of 5187
          id: cord-253422-m18ngwbt
      author: Trimarchi, Hernán
       title: COVID-19 and acute kidney injury in pediatric subjects: is there a place for eculizumab treatment?
        date: 2020-09-29
       words: 980
      flesch: 32
     summary: [9] and elevated D-dimer and fibrinogen concentrations, suggesting a pro-coagulant state due to pulmonary microthrombosis, as described in autopsies of subjects with COVID-19 infections [1] , despite ongoing chronic eculizumab treatment. She fully recovered but needed chronic eculizumab treatment for atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS).
    keywords: complement; eculizumab; sars
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        item: #327 of 5187
          id: cord-253431-fjds5cdr
      author: Erukainure, Ochuko L.
       title: Targeting the initiation and termination codons of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein as possible therapy against COVID-19: the role of novel harpagide 5-O-β-D-glucopyranoside from Clerodendrum volubile P Beauv. (Labiatae)
        date: 2020-11-03
       words: 6238
      flesch: 36
     summary: Druglikeness properties of compounds screen-out promising ligands that are likely to be used as drugs based on some identified properties (Dong et al., 2018) . Five hydrogen bond donors and ten hydrogen bond acceptors are required for a ligand to possess a satisfactory bioavailability and the optimum number of drug-target interactions via hydrogen bonds (Dong et al., 2018) .
    keywords: binding; cases; compound; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; drug; erukainure; et al; glucopyranoside; protein; receptor; sars; spike; volubile
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        item: #328 of 5187
          id: cord-253438-k8iqv1jb
      author: Li, Yujun
       title: SARS-CoV-2 and Three Related Coronaviruses Utilize Multiple ACE2 Orthologs and Are Potently Blocked by an Improved ACE2-Ig
        date: 2020-10-27
       words: 5444
      flesch: 50
     summary: The numbering is based on human ACE2 protein, and the residues different from the corresponding ones in human ACE2 are highlighted in blue. Recombinant RBD and soluble ACE2 proteins have been shown to potently block SARS-CoV entry (26, 27) .
    keywords: ace2; catalog; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; fig; orthologs; pangolin; rbd; sars; spike
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        item: #329 of 5187
          id: cord-253447-4w6caxwu
      author: Zeng, Xin
       title: Blocking antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 RBD isolated from a phage display antibody library using a competitive biopanning strategy
        date: 2020-04-20
       words: 2892
      flesch: 50
     summary: The wells were washed and blocked with 1% PVA, and then the mixture of antibody library (10 10 pfu per well) and free RBD-His protein (100ng per well) was added. A specific binder of target protein was added during the binding step for the selection of blocking antibodies.
    keywords: ace2; antibodies; antibody; binding; biopanning; cov-2; rbd; sars
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        item: #330 of 5187
          id: cord-253456-u9num2o9
      author: Zhang, Che
       title: Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of pediatric SARS-CoV-2 infections in China: A multicenter case series
        date: 2020-06-16
       words: 4545
      flesch: 45
     summary: However, information on pediatric patients is limited. We describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of pediatric patients to provide valuable insight into the early diagnosis and assessment of COVID-19 in children.
    keywords: cases; clinical; covid-19; data; lesions; patients; sars
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        item: #331 of 5187
          id: cord-253457-gawn4s9g
      author: Yau, Kevin
       title: COVID-19 Outbreak in an Urban Hemodialysis Unit
        date: 2020-07-15
       words: 2217
      flesch: 42
     summary: Eleven of 237 (4.6%) hemodialysis patients and 11 of 93 (12%) of staff tested positive for COVID-19. Between April 11, 2020 and April 22, 2020, all remaining patients and staff who interacted with hemodialysis patients were tested for SARS-CoV-2 by nasopharyngeal swabs.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; hemodialysis; patients; sars; staff
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        item: #332 of 5187
          id: cord-253459-tcn10pho
      author: Moreau, Gregory Brett
       title: Evaluation of K18-hACE2 Mice as a Model of SARS-CoV-2 Infection
        date: 2020-07-28
       words: 2395
      flesch: 50
     summary: The major histopathology findings in infected mice were proteinaceous debris in the alveolar space, neutrophils in the interstitial space, and alveolar septal thickening ( Figure 2 ); these observations were consistent with other hACE2 mouse models, which also detected signs of lung injury including interstitial pneumonia, inflammatory cell infiltrates, and alveolar septal thickening. Our findings are consistent with other studies using hACE2 mice, which observed successful infection with SARS-CoV-2 and a milder disease severity compared with SARS-CoV-1.
    keywords: cov-2; hace2; infection; mice; mouse; sars
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        item: #333 of 5187
          id: cord-253468-pf0xubii
      author: Emara, Mohamed H
       title: Ketonuria with or without ketoacidosis as the presenting manifestation of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) among uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetic patients
        date: 2020-09-02
       words: 990
      flesch: 50
     summary: The value of urine biochemical parameters in the prediction of the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 COVID-19 in diabetic patients: Related risks and specifics of management The SARS-COV2 (COVID-19) Pandemic: What Clinicians should Know Caring for patients with diabetes during COVID-19 pandemic: Important considerations for pharmacists. The trials to predict the severity of COVID-19 patients from different urine parameters has been studied among patients from the SARS-CoV-2 first focus in Wuhan, China.
    keywords: cov-2; patients; sars
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        item: #334 of 5187
          id: cord-253472-3s142p6u
      author: Saurabh, Suman
       title: Author’s reply to correspondence regarding the article ‘Prolonged persistence of SARS-CoV-2 in the upper respiratory tract of asymptomatic infected individuals’
        date: 2020-09-18
       words: 735
      flesch: 48
     summary: Prolonged persistence of SARS-CoV-2 in the upper respiratory tract of asymptomatic infected individuals Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India COVID-19) Virological assessment of hospitalized patients with COVID-2019 Guidelines for home isolation among asymptomatic and mildly symptomatic COVID-19 patients Associations of clinical characteristics and treatment regimens with the duration of viral RNA shedding in patients with COVID-19 Shedding of infectious virus in hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): duration and key determinants Predicting infectious SARS-CoV-2 from diagnostic samples Duration of infectiousness and correlation with RT-PCR cycle threshold values in cases of COVID-19 Viral RNA load as determined by cell culture as a management tool for discharge of SARS-CoV-2 patients from infectious disease wards AUTHOR STATEMENTS Funding-The authors declare that no funding was received from any source for the study and preparation of this author's reply. Further, they go on to state that 'as per test-based strategy for asymptomatic patients, two respiratory specimens (≥ 24 hours apart) are required to be negative, irrespective of initial date of COVID-19 detection'.
    keywords: covid-19; sars
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        item: #335 of 5187
          id: cord-253502-v2hh3w3r
      author: Leung, C.W.
       title: Clinical picture, diagnosis, treatment and outcome of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in children
        date: 2004-11-05
       words: 8632
      flesch: 40
     summary: Important questions to ask in the 'peace time' include: (1) history of recent travel to pre-viously SARS-affected areas or areas with an increased likelihood of animal to human transmission of SARS-CoV infection; (2) close contact with a suspected SARS patient; (3) history of recent hospitalisation or contact with a healthcare facility; (4) individuals who are either healthcare workers or laboratory workers with potential exposure to SARS patients or live SARS-CoV; and (5) link to a cluster of cases of unexplained respiratory illness in the community. Sputum specimens appear to have a higher diagnostic yield but productive cough is uncommon in SARS patients in the early phase of illness and sputum is difficult to obtain in children.
    keywords: acute; adults; children; clinical; coronavirus; cov; diagnosis; disease; illness; infection; patients; pcr; sars; severe; syndrome; treatment
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        item: #336 of 5187
          id: cord-253513-zn87f1lk
      author: Liu, Jia
       title: Hydroxychloroquine, a less toxic derivative of chloroquine, is effective in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro
        date: 2020-03-18
       words: 2376
      flesch: 50
     summary: Time-of-addition experiment confirmed that HCQ effectively inhibited the entry step, as well as the post-entry stages of SARS-CoV-2, which was also found upon CQ treatment (Supplementary Fig. CQ treatment did not cause obvious changes in the number and size of ELs; however, the regular vesicle structure seemed to be disrupted, at least partially.
    keywords: cells; cov-2; els; hcq; infection; sars
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        item: #337 of 5187
          id: cord-253606-o8a0jhx2
      author: Mégarbane, Bruno
       title: Comment on: Rationale of a loading dose initiation for hydroxychloroquine treatment in COVID-19 infection in the DisCoVeRy trial
        date: 2020-08-07
       words: 849
      flesch: 28
     summary: Rationale of a loading dose initiation for hydroxychloroquine treatment in COVID-19 infection in the DisCoVeRy trial In vitro antiviral activity and projection of optimized dosing design of hydroxychloroquine for the treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Hydroxychloroquine, a less toxic derivative of chloroquine, is effective in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro Hydroxychloroquine for treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection? Improving our confidence in a model-based approach to dose selection Prioritization of anti-SARS-Cov-2 drug repurposing opportunities based on plasma and target site concentrations derived from their established human pharmacokinetics Connecting hydroxychloroquine in vitro antiviral activity to in vivo concentration for prediction of antiviral effect: a critical step in treating COVID-19 patients Optimizing hydroxychloroquine dosing for patients with COVID-19: an integrative modeling approach for effective drug repurposing Hydroxychloroquine in patients with mainly mild to moderate coronavirus disease 2019: open label, randomised controlled trial Hydroxychloroquine pharmacokinetic in COVID-19 critically ill patients: an observational cohort study Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as potential treatments for COVID-19; clinical status impacts the outcome
    keywords: hydroxychloroquine; sars
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        item: #338 of 5187
          id: cord-253615-qylm0koe
      author: Müller, Marcel A
       title: Human Coronavirus NL63 Open Reading Frame 3 encodes a virion-incorporated N-glycosylated membrane protein
        date: 2010-01-15
       words: 5828
      flesch: 43
     summary: Protein ORF 3 might thus constitute a structural protein itself. Moreover, truncated forms were discovered for recombinantly and virally expressed ORF 3a protein which could also be detected in virions [33] .
    keywords: anti; cells; coronavirus; cov; figure; golgi; hcov; human; membrane; nl63; orf; protein; sars
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        item: #339 of 5187
          id: cord-253618-bosb7e63
      author: Ramteke, Shobhana
       title: Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic: considerations for the biomedical waste sector in India
        date: 2020-08-01
       words: 2739
      flesch: 49
     summary: During this epidemic condition, expulsion of biomedical waste created from crisis facilities treating COVID-19 patients in like manner demands unprecedented thought as they can be potential bearers of the disease SARS-CoV-2. All together for the infection to finish section into the cell following this underlying procedure, the spike protein must be Biomedical waste is a result of medicinal services rehearses that incorporates sharps, nonsharps, blood, body parts, synthetic substances, pharmaceuticals, clinical gadgets and radioactive materials.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; figure; india; novel; sars; waste
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        item: #340 of 5187
          id: cord-253656-2x4y403o
      author: Ren, Wenlin
       title: Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike S1-Fc fusion protein induced high levels of neutralizing responses in nonhuman primates
        date: 2020-06-24
       words: 3699
      flesch: 56
     summary: On day 27, the bleeds were collected for examination of anti-S1 antibody titers. As shown in Fig. 3A , all five mice developed strong anti-S1 IgG antibody titers (64,000 to 256,000).
    keywords: anti; antibodies; day; human; protein; sars; titers
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        item: #341 of 5187
          id: cord-253665-1dn3ek34
      author: Vishnubalaji, Radhakrishnan
       title: Protein Coding and Long Noncoding RNA (lncRNA) Transcriptional Landscape in SARS-CoV-2 Infected Bronchial Epithelial Cells Highlight a Role for Interferon and Inflammatory Response
        date: 2020-07-07
       words: 5434
      flesch: 32
     summary: IPA uses precise algorithms to predict functional regulatory networks from gene expression data and provides a significance score for each network according to the fit of the network to the set of focus genes in the database. Mapping and aligning RNA-seq data to the NCBI viral genome reference sequence revealed expression of orf1ab_8, S_14, M_51, ORF67a, ORF8_8 and N_65 viral genes (Figure 5b ).
    keywords: analysis; cells; cov-2; covid-19; data; expression; figure; genes; infection; interferon; lung; nhbe; response; sars
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        item: #342 of 5187
          id: cord-253671-g3ypisig
      author: Otte, Martin Sylvester
       title: Riechstörungen bei COVID-19 – aktueller Wissensstand
        date: 2020-06-10
       words: 2536
      flesch: 46
     summary: Schmeckund Geschmacksstörungen, also eine Abgrenzung des retronasalen Aromaschmeckens über das olfaktorische System von der Dysfunktion von Geschmackspapillen und der weiterführenden Hirnnerven, wurde zumeist nicht gemacht. Die gesamte Prävalenz der Riechstörung lag in dieser Studie jedoch bei lediglich 39,2 %
    keywords: als; auch; bei; cov-2; covid-19; den; der; die; eine; mit; olfactory; patienten; riechstörungen; sars; smell; studien; taste; und; von
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        item: #343 of 5187
          id: cord-253704-y0t30xw3
      author: Lahiri, Durjoy
       title: COVID-19 Pandemic: A Neurological Perspective
        date: 2020-04-29
       words: 4350
      flesch: 36
     summary: The most vital clinical information which we gather is that impaired consciousness may be a presenting feature of COVID-19, and therefore, a high index of suspicion for such patients will be the key to prevent or, at least, lessen exposure to health care providers and other patients. Another very recent report describes the occurrence of acute hemorrhagic necrotizing encephalopathy in COVID-19 patient [15] .
    keywords: acute; cases; coronavirus; covid-19; features; infection; involvement; patients; sars
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        item: #344 of 5187
          id: cord-253777-h8wy0coq
      author: Afshar, Hale
       title: Evolution and resolution of brain involvement associated with SARS- CoV2 infection: A close Clinical – Paraclinical follow up study of a case
        date: 2020-05-21
       words: 1566
      flesch: 39
     summary: The use of IVIg in severe COVID-19 patients may prevent or ameliorate CNS involvement, as seem to happen for our patient compared to ANE case. Chest CT showed multiple peripheral patchy ground-glass opacities with typical covid-19 distribution (day 10); these opacities later formed bilateral peripheral consolidation (day 22) (figure 1).
    keywords: cases; covid-19; day; encephalitis; patient
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        item: #345 of 5187
          id: cord-253833-0lajhqn5
      author: Misra-Hebert, Anita D
       title: Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare workers risk of infection and outcomes in a large, integrated health system.
        date: 2020-08-19
       words: 2866
      flesch: 40
     summary: However, the overlap propensity score weighted proportions were 8.9 vs. 7.7 for HCW vs. non-HCW having a positive test with weighted odds ratio (OR) 1.17, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.99-1.38. Among those testing positive, weighted proportions for hospitalization were 7.4 vs.15.9 for HCW vs. non-HCW with OR of 0.42 (CI 0.26-0.66) and for ICU admission: 2.2 vs.4.5 for HCW vs. non-HCW with OR of 0.48 (CI 0.20 -1.04).
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; hcw; health; non; risk; sars; test
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        item: #346 of 5187
          id: cord-253844-y6xdcf20
      author: Yesudhas, Dhanusha
       title: COVID-19 outbreak: history, mechanism, transmission, structural studies and therapeutics
        date: 2020-09-04
       words: 7192
      flesch: 43
     summary: The lung macrophage in SARS-CoV-2 infection: a friend or a foe? SARS-coronavirus replication in human peripheral monocytes/macrophages Structural variations in human ACE2 may influence its binding with SARS-CoV-2 spike protein Intrinsically unstructured proteins and their functions Role of disordered regions in transferring tyrosine to its cognate tRNA The coronavirus nucleocapsid is a multifunctional protein Structure of the N-terminal RNA-binding domain of the SARS CoV nucleocapsid protein The SARS coronavirus nucleocapsid protein-forms and functions Receptor recognition mechanisms of coronaviruses: a decade of structural studies Pre-fusion structure of a human coronavirus spike protein The spike glycoprotein of the new coronavirus 2019-nCoV contains a furin-like cleavage site absent in CoV of the same clade The role of furin cleavage site in SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-mediated membrane fusion in the presence or absence of trypsin A review on the cleavage priming of the spike protein on coronavirus by angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 and furin Structural and functional basis of SARS-CoV-2 entry by using human ACE2 Structural basis for the recognition of SARS-CoV-2 by full-length human ACE2 Protein intrinsic disorder and influenza virulence: the 1918 H1N1 and H5N1 viruses Computational studies of drug repurposing and synergism of lopinavir, oseltamivir and ritonavir binding with SARS-CoV-2 Protease against COVID-19 Therapeutic targets and computational approaches on drug development for COVID-19 Baricitinib as potential treatment for 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Feasibility and biological rationale of repurposing sunitinib and erlotinib for dengue treatment Plasma inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in severe acute respiratory syndrome Treatment of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome with a combination of lopinavir-ritonavir and interferon-β1b (MIRACLE trial): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial Simultaneous treatment of human bronchial epithelial cells with serine and cysteine protease inhibitors prevents severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus entry Identification of the first synthetic inhibitors of the type II transmembrane serine protease TMPRSS2 suitable for inhibition of influenza virus activation Coronavirus replication complex formation utilizes components of cellular autophagy Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread Use of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine during the COVID-19 SARS coronavirus: a new challenge for prevention and therapy Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia Structure, function, and evolution of coronavirus spike proteins Coronaviruses post-SARS: update on replication and pathogenesis Receptor recognition and cross-species infections of SARS coronavirus Recombination, reservoirs, and the modular spike: mechanisms of coronavirus cross-species transmission SARS-CoV infection in a restaurant from palm civet Functional assessment of cell entry and receptor usage for SARS-CoV-2 and other lineage B betacoronaviruses Isolation and characterization of a bat SARS-like coronavirus that uses the ACE2 receptor Discovery of a rich gene pool of bat SARS-related coronaviruses provides new insights into the origin of SARS coronavirus Receptor recognition by the novel coronavirus from Wuhan: an analysis based on decade-long structural studies of SARS coronavirus Proteolytic activation of the SARS-coronavirus spike protein: cutting enzymes at the cutting edge of antiviral research The species severe acute respiratory syndrome related coronavirus: classifying 2019-nCoV and naming it SARS-CoV-2 A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus.
    keywords: ace2; binding; cell; coronavirus; cov-2; disordered; entry; host; human; infection; inhibitor; novel; protein; receptor; residues; sars; spike; structure; transmission
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        item: #347 of 5187
          id: cord-253851-27nt0op8
      author: Koh, David
       title: SARS: health care work can be hazardous to health
        date: 2003-06-17
       words: 1451
      flesch: 52
     summary: The precautionary need to home-quarantine entire health care teams upon discovery of a new cluster of SARS cases further strains resources, and may even result in hospital shut-downs. SARS patients are classified as either 'suspect' or 'probable' cases [5] .
    keywords: hcws; health; patients; sars
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        item: #348 of 5187
          id: cord-253862-jl1zhg13
      author: Khalaf, Khalil
       title: SARS-CoV-2: Pathogenesis, and Advancements in Diagnostics and Treatment
        date: 2020-10-06
       words: 14633
      flesch: 37
     summary: A cohort study Interleukin-1 blockade with high-dose anakinra in patients with COVID-19, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and hyperinflammation: a retrospective cohort study Use of convalescent plasma therapy in SARS patients in Hong Kong Treatment with convalescent plasma for influenza A (H5N1) infection Challenges of convalescent plasma infusion therapy in Middle East respiratory coronavirus infection: a single centre experience Effectiveness of convalescent plasma therapy in severe COVID-19 patients Treatment of 5 critically Ill patients with COVID-19 with convalescent plasma Safety update: COVID-19 convalescent plasma in 20,000 hospitalized patients Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus viroporin 3A activates the NLRP3 inflammasome The deadly coronaviruses: The 2003 SARS pandemic and the 2020 novel coronavirus epidemic in China Biology of IL-38 and its role in disease IL-37 is a fundamental inhibitor of innate immunity Induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1 and IL-6) and lung inflammation by COVID-19 (CoV-19 or SARS-CoV-2): anti-inflammatory strategies Baricitinib as potential treatment for 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease Use of baricitinib in patients with moderate and severe COVID-19 Evaluation of human monoclonal antibody 80R for immunoprophylaxis of severe acute respiratory syndrome by an animal study, epitope mapping, and analysis of spike variants Human monoclonal antibody as prophylaxis for SARS coronavirus infection in ferrets Human monoclonal antibody combination against SARS coronavirus: synergy and coverage of escape mutants Neutralizing epitopes of the SARS-CoV S-protein cluster independent of repertoire, antigen structure or mAb technology Monoclonal antibodies targeting the HR2 domain and the region immediately upstream of the HR2 of the S protein neutralize in vitro infection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus: target, mechanism of action, therapeutic potential Perspectives on monoclonal antibody therapy as potential therapeutic intervention for Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) Similar to SARS, infected patients presented with a variety of clinical courses, from mild upper respiratory symptoms to fulminant pneumonia and multi-organ system failure.
    keywords: acute; antibodies; antibody; antiviral; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; et al; group; host; human; infection; novel; patients; protein; receptor; respiratory; rna; sars; study; syndrome; treatment; trial; use
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        item: #349 of 5187
          id: cord-253869-1ouai07v
      author: Noorimotlagh, Zahra
       title: A systematic review of emerging human coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak: focus on disinfection methods, environmental survival, and control and prevention strategies
        date: 2020-10-02
       words: 4161
      flesch: 26
     summary: It was acknowledged that the outbreak resulted from a novel coronavirus (CoV); first, it was named as the 2019-nCoV2 and recently referred to as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and its related disease is now entitled CoV disease 2019 (COVID-19) by the WHO (Peng et al. 2020; Sohrabi et al. 2020) . As there is no approved treatment for this viral infection, prevention is essential (Singhal 2020; Smatti et al. 2018 ).
    keywords: control; coronavirus; cov-2; disinfection; et al; respiratory; sars; studies; survival
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        item: #350 of 5187
          id: cord-253876-2dc9jq79
      author: Pitocco, Dario
       title: Lack of type 1 diabetes involvement in SARS-COV-2 population: Only a particular coincidence?
        date: 2020-05-19
       words: 477
      flesch: 39
     summary: This observation needs to be confirmed and further evaluated, for example in regions with high prevalence of the disease (Scandinavian, Finland or Sardinian), but there could be a number of reasons that justify a low incidence of SARS-COV-2 in subjects with type 1 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes subjects, initially classified as a high-risk category in some countries as Italy, might have taken advantage of an early application of social distancing measures, such as smart working, indirectly supporting this kind of approach to reduce the prevalence and the negative outcomes of the infection.
    keywords: diabetes; type
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        item: #351 of 5187
          id: cord-253905-zknmfgsh
      author: Li, Xingguang
       title: Evolutionary history, potential intermediate animal host, and cross‐species analyses of SARS‐CoV‐2
        date: 2020-03-11
       words: 3850
      flesch: 37
     summary: We removed three SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences (ie, BetaCoV/Wuhan/IPBCAMS-WH-02/2019, EPI_ISL_403931; BetaCoV/Shenzhen/SZTH-001/2020, EPI_ISL_406592; BetaCoV/Shenzhen/SZTH-004/2020, EPI_ISL_406595) with potential sequencing errors, but these may have less impact on the above estimates when more substitutions of SARS-CoV-2 are accumulated over time. A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-toperson transmission: a study of a family cluster Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia Epidemiology, genetic recombination, and pathogenesis of coronaviruses Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Epidemiology and cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Guangdong, People's Republic of China Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV): announcement of the Coronavirus Study Group Ecoepidemiology and complete genome comparison of different strains of severe acute respiratory syndrome-related Rhinolophus bat coronavirus in China reveal bats as a reservoir for acute, self-limiting infection that allows recombination events Isolation and characterization of viruses related to the SARS coronavirus from animals in southern China Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-like virus in Chinese horseshoe bats Bats are natural reservoirs of SARS-like coronaviruses Cross-host evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in palm civet and human Molecular evolution of the SARS coronavirus during the course of the SARS epidemic in China SARS-CoV infection in a restaurant from palm civet MERS coronavirus neutralizing antibodies in camels MERS coronaviruses in dromedary camels Discovery of a novel coronavirus associated with the recent pneumonia outbreak in humans and its potential bat origin Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding Viral metagenomics revealed sendai virus and coronavirus infection of Malayan pangolins (Manis javanica) disease and diplomacy: GISAID's innovative contribution to global health MAFFT multiple sequence alignment software version 7: improvements in performance and usability BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT Application of phylogenetic networks in evolutionary studies jModelTest 2: more models, new heuristics and parallel computing Maximum-likelihood analysis using TREE-PUZZLE TREE-PUZZLE: maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis using quartets and parallel computing The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees A simple method for estimating evolutionary rates of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences MEGA7: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 7.0 for bigger datasets Prospects for inferring very large phylogenies by using the neighbor-joining method New algorithms and methods to estimate maximumlikelihood phylogenies: assessing the performance of PhyML 3.0 A new method for calculating evolutionary substitution rates Confidence limits on phylogenies: an approach using the bootstrap Exploring the temporal structure of heterochronous sequences using TempEst (formerly Path-O-Gen) TreeTime: maximum-likelihood phylodynamic analysis Bayesian phylogenetics with BEAUti and the BEAST 1.7 Many-core algorithms for statistical phylogenetics Moderate mutation rate in the SARS coronavirus genome and its implications Transmission and evolution of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in Saudi Arabia: a descriptive genomic study Spread, circulation, and evolution of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Relaxed phylogenetics and dating with confidence Posterior summarization in Bayesian phylogenetics using tracer 1.7 HIV-TRACE (TRAnsmission Cluster Engine): a tool for large scale molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 and other rapidly evolving pathogens Full-length human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genomes from subtype C-infected seroconverters in India, with evidence of intersubtype recombination Transmission dynamics and evolutionary history of 2019-nCoV Potential of large 'first generation' human-tohuman transmission of 2019-nCoV A single point mutation creating a furin cleavage site in the spike protein renders porcine epidemic diarrhea coronavirus trypsin independent for cell entry and fusion A fluorogenic peptide cleavage assay to screen for proteolytic activity: applications for coronavirus spike protein activation Functional analysis of potential cleavage sites in the MERS-coronavirus spike protein Structural investigation of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp160 cleavage site 3: role of sitespecific mutations Maturation of HIV envelope glycoprotein precursors by cellular endoproteases Processing and routage of HIV glycoproteins by furin to the cell surface The convertases furin and PC1 can both cleave the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 envelope glycoprotein gp160 into gp120 (HIV-1 SU) and gp41 (HIV-I TM) Evolutionary history, potential intermediate animal host, and cross-species analyses of SARS-CoV-2 The authors declare that there are no conflict of interests.
    keywords: clade; coronavirus; cov-2; dataset_70; method; sars; transmission; tree; virus
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        item: #352 of 5187
          id: cord-253933-29tedkf8
      author: David, Abel P.
       title: Tracheostomy guidelines developed at a large academic medical center during the COVID‐19 pandemic
        date: 2020-04-27
       words: 3039
      flesch: 38
     summary: Performing surgical tracheostomy and tracheostomy care requires a strategy that mitigates these risks and maintains the quality of patient care. Modified guidelines for all phases of tracheostomy care at an academic tertiary care center in the setting of COVID‐19 are presented.
    keywords: care; covid-19; pandemic; patients; ppe; risk; tracheostomy
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        item: #353 of 5187
          id: cord-253968-jtr0p930
      author: López, Verónica
       title: Recomendaciones en el manejo de la pandemia por coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) en pacientes con trasplante renal
        date: 2020-04-03
       words: 3628
      flesch: 42
     summary: El grado y la duración de la viremia y la viabilidad del virus dentro de la sangre o compartimentos de órganos específicos también afectarían al riesgo de transmisión de los donantes. Este manuscrito presenta una propuesta de actuación con recomendaciones generales y específicas para proteger y prevenir de la infección a esta población tan vulnerable como son los receptores de un trasplante renal.
    keywords: cada; casos; como; con; coronavirus; covid-19; del; dosis; día; días; infección; las; los; pacientes; para; población; por; que; renal; riesgo; sars; trasplante; tratamiento; una
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        item: #354 of 5187
          id: cord-253970-sbj869yy
      author: Agarwal, Amit
       title: Neurological emergencies associated with COVID-19: stroke and beyond
        date: 2020-08-11
       words: 2423
      flesch: 35
     summary: COVID-19 neurologic complication with CNS vasculitis-like pattern Venous and arterial thromboembolic complications in COVID-19 patients admitted to an academic hospital in The emerging threat of (micro)thrombosis in COVID-19 and its therapeutic implications Incidence of thrombotic complications in critically ill ICU patients with COVID-19 Hypercoagulability in COVID-19: identification of arterial and venous thromboembolism in the abdomen, pelvis, and lower extremities The immunology of COVID-19: is immune modulation an option for treatment? Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection causes neuronal death in the absence of encephalitis in mice transgenic for human ACE2 To our knowledge, this was the first study to systematically characterize neurological symptoms and neuroimaging findings in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: complications; covid-19; manifestations; patients; stroke; syndrome
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        item: #355 of 5187
          id: cord-253987-83h861lp
      author: Tada, Takuya
       title: A soluble ACE2 microbody protein fused to a single immunoglobulin Fc domain is a potent inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 infection in cell culture
        date: 2020-09-17
       words: 6860
      flesch: 40
     summary: Soluble ACE2 proteins (10 µg) were mixed with 20 µl nickel beads for 1 hour at 4°C. The antiviral activity of ACE2 proteins against live virus was similar to pseudotyped virus, except that in the live virus assay, the wild-type and H345A microbodies were of similar potency.
    keywords: ace2; ace2 microbody; activity; cells; cov-2; et al; figure; infection; microbody; protein; sars; soluble; spike; virus
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        item: #356 of 5187
          id: cord-253990-m75xwrz9
      author: Wang, Zhiguo
       title: Covid‐19: From structure to therapeutic targeting in studying approved drugs and local DNA vaccination
        date: 2020-10-29
       words: 1127
      flesch: 34
     summary: 1 Similar to the SARS virus and dissimilar to the seasonal influenza virus, SARS-CoV-2 causes the high rates of mortality in COVID-19 patients without evident immunodeficiency, and sequelae of survivors, instigating panic in the general population. 3, 4 The authors have found a significantly reduced risk of mortality in COVID-19 patients having statin therapy, with the risk for 28-day all-cause mortality being 5.2% in the matched statin group and 9.4% in the matched non-statin group (P = .001) 3
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; sars
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        item: #357 of 5187
          id: cord-253993-ynrthadj
      author: Belhassan, Assia
       title: Assessment of effective imidazole derivatives against SARS-CoV-2 main protease through computational approach
        date: 2020-09-18
       words: 1779
      flesch: 39
     summary: The possible mechanisms of action of 4-aminoquinolines (chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine) against Sars-Cov-2 infection (COVID-19): A role for iron homeostasis? Aminoquinolines against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine The Diagnostic Utility of Multifocal Electroretinography in Detecting Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine Retinal Toxicity Diagnostic pitfalls and laboratory test interference after hydroxychloroquine intoxication: A case report Insights from nanomedicine into chloroquine efficacy against COVID-19 Inhibitory activity of hydroxychloroquine on COVID-19 main protease: An insight from MD-simulation studies Recommendations on screening for chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine retinopathy Contemporary Progress in the Synthetic Strategies of Imidazole and its Biological Activities Comparison of Hospitalized Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Caused by COVID-19 and H1N1 Design, synthesis and antiplasmodial activity of novel imidazole derivatives based on 7-chloro-4-aminoquinoline Structural and molecular modeling studies reveal a new mechanism of action of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine against SARS-CoV-2 infection Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: results of an open-label non-randomized clinical trial Validation of the general purpose Tripos 5.2 force field A brief review and table of semiempirical parameters used in the Hueckel molecular orbital method Protein Data Bank PDB AutoDock Vina: improving the speed and accuracy of docking with a new scoring function, efficient optimization, and multithreading Repurposing of known anti-virals as potential inhibitors for SARS-CoV-2 main protease using molecular docking analysis Moroccan Medicinal plants as inhibitors of COVID-19: Computational investigations Structure of M pro from SARS-CoV-2 and discovery of its inhibitors The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Among the drugs proposed to test the antiviral effect of COVID-19, we selected imidazole derivatives
    keywords: chloroquine; cov-2; hydroxychloroquine; protease; sars
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        item: #358 of 5187
          id: cord-254017-4a6fs57r
      author: Pan, Xiu-wu
       title: Identification of a potential mechanism of acute kidney injury during the COVID-19 outbreak: a study based on single-cell transcriptome analysis
        date: 2020-03-31
       words: 871
      flesch: 45
     summary: Finally, our study clearly identified podocytes and proximal straight tubule cells as kidney host cells. In addition, comparative analysis showed that the coexpression of the receptor ACE2 and TMPRSS genes in kidney cells was no less than that in the lung, oesophagus, small intestine and colon (Fig. S2C) , suggesting that the kidney might also be an important target organ for SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: cells; cov-2; sars
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        item: #359 of 5187
          id: cord-254072-evgw0as5
      author: Hsu, Li-Yang
       title: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) in Singapore: Clinical Features of Index Patient and Initial Contacts
        date: 2003-06-17
       words: 2242
      flesch: 49
     summary: To this end, we are collecting serum from healthcare staff exposed to SARS patients. Evidence from randomized controlled trials is needed before the use of ribavirin can be advocated for routine use in SARS patients.
    keywords: chest; day; days; index; patients; sars
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        item: #360 of 5187
          id: cord-254079-pvl44u4d
      author: Marinella, Mark A.
       title: COVID-19 pandemic and the stethoscope: don't forget to sanitize
        date: 2020-04-11
       words: 740
      flesch: 30
     summary: Hospital-acquired infection with vancomycinresistant Enterococcus faecium transmitted by electronic thermometers An outbreak of mupirocin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus on a dermatology ward with an environmental reservoir Extensive severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus contamination in surrounding environment in patient rooms Recovery of respiratory syncytial virus from stethoscopes by conventional viral culture and polymerase chain reaction Aerosol and surface stability of SARS-CoV-2 as compared with SARS-CoV-1 Persistence of coronaviruses on inanimate surfaces and their inactivation with biocidal agents Transmission of SARS and MERS coronaviruses and influenza virus in healthcare settings: the possible role of dry surface contamination Bacterial contamination of hospital charts The stethoscope: a potential source of nosocomial infection? 9 Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) has been shown to survive on stethoscope diaphragms and eradicated with standard alcohol wipes.
    keywords: healthcare; sars; surfaces
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        item: #361 of 5187
          id: cord-254094-ed1epul1
      author: Mayoral, Eduardo Pérez-Campos
       title: Factors related to asymptomatic or severe COVID-19 infection
        date: 2020-09-24
       words: 1670
      flesch: 37
     summary: A higher 2D:4D ratio is associated with COVID-19 severity in men [14] , this means that sex hormones play a role in protection, thus, causing women to develop less serious complications or an asymptomatic COVID-19 Infection and NS8 are likely to be phylogenetically associated with evolution of 2019-nCoV Amino acid catabolism: a pivotal regulator of innate and adaptive immunity Nutritional modulation of age-related changes in the immune system and risk of infection COVID-19 and the creation of a new disease The Emerging Threat of (Micro)Thrombosis in COVID-19 and Its Therapeutic Implications Extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19: Radiologic and clinical overview Immune-epidemiological parameters of the novel coronavirus -a perspective SARS-CoV-2 entry factors are highly expressed in nasal epithelial cells together with innate immune genes Microthrombosis Associated with Gastrointestinal Bleeding in COVID-19 Neurological associations of COVID-19 Classification of the cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19: a rapid prospective nationwide consensus study in Spain with 375 cases Ocular manifestations and clinical characteristics of 535 cases of COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a cross-sectional study ACE2 and TMPRSS2 variants and expression as candidates to sex and country differences in COVID-19 severity in Italy Relationship between ABO blood group distribution and clinical characteristics in patients with COVID-19 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations Are Lower in Patients with Positive PCR for SARS-CoV-2 The authors thank Charlotte Grundy and Eli Cruz Parada for their assistance.
    keywords: asymptomatic; blood; covid-19; group; sars
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        item: #362 of 5187
          id: cord-254120-1q8tqeg7
      author: Iannone, Primiano
       title: The need of health policy perspective to protect Healthcare Workers during COVID-19 pandemic. A GRADE rapid review on the N95 respirators effectiveness.
        date: 2020-04-11
       words: 3241
      flesch: 41
     summary: Preparing summary of findings tables-binary outcomes Surgical mask vs N95 respirator for preventing influenza among health care workers: a randomized trial A cluster randomized clinical trial comparing fit-tested and non-fit-tested N95 respirators to medical masks to prevent respiratory virus infection in health care workers. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase and The Cochrane Library from the inception to March 21, 2020 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing N95 respirators versus surgical masks for prevention of COVID-19 or any other respiratory infection among HCWs.
    keywords: evidence; hcws; license; n95; preprint; respirators; sars
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        item: #363 of 5187
          id: cord-254162-tu81j66h
      author: Bai, Xiyuan
       title: Hypothesis: alpha-1-antitrypsin is a promising treatment option for COVID-19
        date: 2020-11-12
       words: 5552
      flesch: 25
     summary: AAT inhibition of ADAM17 also prevents shedding of ACE2 and hence may preserve ACE2 inhibition of bradykinin, reducing the ability of bradykinin to cause a capillary leak in COVID-19. Sixth, AAT inhibition of elastase can antagonize the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), a complex extracellular structure comprised of neutrophil-derived DNA, histones, and proteases, and implicated in the immunothrombosis of COVID-19; indeed, AAT has been shown to change the shape and adherence of non-COVID-19-related NETs.
    keywords: aat; ace2; acute; anti; antitrypsin; cov-2; covid-19; inhibition; injury; lung; neutrophil; sars
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        item: #364 of 5187
          id: cord-254207-uru7bkr4
      author: Singanayagam, Anika
       title: Duration of infectiousness and correlation with RT-PCR cycle threshold values in cases of COVID-19, England, January to May 2020
        date: 2020-08-13
       words: 2292
      flesch: 44
     summary: Propagating virus from clinical samples confirms the presence of infectious virus but is not widely available, requires biosafety level 3 facilities, and the results are not timely to inform public health actions. key: cord-254207-uru7bkr4 authors: Singanayagam, Anika; Patel, Monika; Charlett, Andre; Lopez Bernal, Jamie; Saliba, Vanessa; Ellis, Joanna; Ladhani, Shamez; Zambon, Maria; Gopal, Robin title: Duration of infectiousness and correlation with RT-PCR cycle threshold values in cases of COVID-19, England, January to May 2020 date: 2020-08-13 journal: Euro Surveill DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2020.25.32.2001483 sha: doc_id: 254207 cord_uid: uru7bkr4 Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 viral load in the upper respiratory tract peaks around symptom onset and infectious virus persists for 10 days in mild-to-moderate coronavirus disease (n = 324 samples analysed).
    keywords: cases; days; samples; virus
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        item: #365 of 5187
          id: cord-254318-w8wrn9lx
      author: Díez, José-María
       title: Currently available intravenous immunoglobulin contains antibodies reacting against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 antigens
        date: 2020-05-13
       words: 2694
      flesch: 40
     summary: Situation update worldwide Strategies for the prevention and management of coronavirus disease 2019 Use of human immunoglobulins as an anti-infective treatment: the experience so far and their possible re-emerging role •• A comprehensive review on the role of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) as anti-infective treatment in community and emerging diseases Global patterns in coronavirus diversity Experience of using convalescent plasma for severe acute respiratory syndrome among healthcare workers in a Taiwan hospital Use of convalescent plasma therapy in SARS patients in Hong Kong Feasibility of using convalescent plasma immunotherapy for MERS-CoV infection, Saudi Arabia An outbreak of human coronavirus OC43 infection and serological crossreactivity with SARS coronavirus. The following kits were used for the qualitative determination of IgG class antibodies against human coronaviruses: abx052609 Human Coronavirus IgG ELISA kit (Abbexa, Cambridge, UK), against an undetermined antigen; MBS9301037, HCoV-HKU-IgG ELISA kit (MyBioSource, Inc., CA, USA), against N protein; DEIA1035; SARS Coronavirus IgG ELISA kit (Creative Diagnostics, NY, USA), against virus lysate; RV-402100-1; human anti-MERS-NP IgG ELISA Kit (Alpha Diagnostic Intl., Inc., TX, USA), against N protein; RV-402400-1, human anti-MERS-receptor-binding domain (RBD) IgG
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; elisa; human; ivig; sars
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        item: #366 of 5187
          id: cord-254395-tu4aqczj
      author: Froggatt, Heather M.
       title: Development of a Fluorescence-Based, High-Throughput SARS-CoV-2 3CL(pro) Reporter Assay
        date: 2020-10-27
       words: 4215
      flesch: 43
     summary: The substrate specificity of SARS coronavirus 3C-like proteinase Chimeric exchange of coronavirus nsp5 proteases (3CLpro) identifies common and divergent regulatory determinants of protease activity NCBI viral genomes resource To develop an assay for protease inhibitor screening using our CoV reporter 3, we first needed to optimize the experimental conditions.
    keywords: 3cl; assay; cells; cleavage; coronavirus; cov-2; pro; protease; reporter; sars
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        item: #367 of 5187
          id: cord-254419-qw83atrx
      author: Bhattacharyya, Rajat
       title: The Interplay Between Coagulation and Inflammation Pathways in COVID-19-Associated Respiratory Failure: A Narrative Review
        date: 2020-08-25
       words: 5908
      flesch: 29
     summary: Statins, another group of drugs that have anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic properties, have also been studied in COVID-19 patients; a retrospective study showed a favorable recovery profile and lower all-cause mortality with the use of statins in 1219 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 A pilot trial of adding tocilizumab therapy in patients with severe COVID-19 disease in combination with standard therapy of lopinavir, methylprednisolone, and oxygen therapy showed remarkable short-term clinical responses in 20 out of 21 patients within 2 weeks of tocilizumab therapy [57] .
    keywords: acute; anticoagulation; cells; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; failure; infection; inflammatory; patients; pulmonary; study; thrombosis; trials
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        item: #368 of 5187
          id: cord-254446-yxqbe1dj
      author: Ren, Yunzhao R.
       title: A Comprehensive Updated Review on SARS‐CoV‐2 and COVID‐19
        date: 2020-05-29
       words: 6750
      flesch: 32
     summary: One study reported that IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-8 plasma concentrations in COVID-19 patients were significantly higher compared to results from four healthy In addition to the consistent trend of lower lymphocyte counts observed in severe cases of COVID-19 (Table 3 ) from different studies, total T cells, CD4 + T cells, and CD8 + T cells also were significantly lower in severe/critical COVID-19 cases than in non-severe cases 124, 127, 128 . They also found that CD8 + T cells in COVID-19 patients exhibit many aspects of exhaustion and reduced function, such as Once in the cell, the virus is not killed or neutralized; instead, it may continue to replicate, and/or stimulate or kill the target cells, causing more inflammation and damage.
    keywords: analysis; cases; china; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; days; disease; infection; novel; patients; pneumonia; review; sars; study; syndrome; transmission
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        item: #369 of 5187
          id: cord-254452-gqqdx2r5
      author: Singh, Awadhesh Kumar
       title: Remdesivir in COVID-19: A critical review of pharmacology, pre-clinical and clinical studies
        date: 2020-05-12
       words: 3178
      flesch: 40
     summary: In the first double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial (DBRCT) conducted with remdesivir versus placebo (n=236) in severe COVID-19 patients, In non-clinical reproductive toxicity studies, no adverse effect on embryo-fetal development in pregnant animal or male infertility observed with remdesivir, however at a systematically toxic dose an embryonic toxicity was seen.
    keywords: clinical; covid-19; days; patients; remdesivir; sars; trial
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        item: #370 of 5187
          id: cord-254464-6l7fwylu
      author: Shingare, Ashay
       title: COVID‐19 in recent kidney transplant recipients
        date: 2020-06-08
       words: 1712
      flesch: 47
     summary: Due to intensive immunosuppression, recent transplant recipients (< 3 months post-transplant) are at increased risk of developing severe disease due to COVID-19. Our recent LDKT recipients had minimal symptoms and no allograft dysfunction after developing COVID-19. Mortality and complications in recent transplant recipients with COVID-19 may be low in Asian populations, but more data is required to say so.
    keywords: covid-19; day; kidney; recipients; transplant
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        item: #371 of 5187
          id: cord-254469-7q6xi2xx
      author: Wang, Fuzhou
       title: An Evidence Based Perspective on mRNA-SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Development
        date: 2020-05-05
       words: 4743
      flesch: 40
     summary: Therefore, further in-depth studies are needed to elucidate the structure and corresponding physiological and immunological properties of the S protein and also other structural proteins that have a potential role in vaccine development, including mRNA based vaccines. The spike glycoprotein (S protein) is now a key target for vaccine development, therapeutic antibody generation, and the clinical diagnosis of COVID-19.
    keywords: ace2; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; development; mrna; protein; s protein; sars; vaccine; virus
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        item: #372 of 5187
          id: cord-254478-scc9wee0
      author: To, Kelvin Kai-Wang
       title: Temporal profiles of viral load in posterior oropharyngeal saliva samples and serum antibody responses during infection by SARS-CoV-2: an observational cohort study
        date: 2020-03-23
       words: 5195
      flesch: 46
     summary: A patient's reluctance to provide a sample can account for the paucity of timepoints in viral load studies of respiratory virus infections. Older age was correlated with higher viral load (Spearman's ρ=0·48, 95% CI 0·074–0·75; p=0·020).
    keywords: antibody; coronavirus; cov-2; load; onset; patients; saliva; samples; sars; specimens; study; symptom
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        item: #373 of 5187
          id: cord-254505-mjj8xrer
      author: Kannan, Saathvik R.
       title: Infectivity of SARS-CoV-2: there Is Something More than D614G?
        date: 2020-09-15
       words: 1920
      flesch: 56
     summary: The results of the temporal analysis of the mutation frequency of P323L (nsp12), C241U (5'UTR) and D614G (S-protein) show that P323L was consistently present in the viruses that had D614G mutation and C241U started coevolving with D614G sometime late January 2020 (Fig. 1b) . These interactions are expected to be lost upon D614G mutation.
    keywords: d614; mutations; nsp12; nsp8; p323l; sars
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        item: #374 of 5187
          id: cord-254630-ed5gawoj
      author: Barron, Sarah P.
       title: Single-Use (Disposable) Flexible Bronchoscopes: The Future of Bronchoscopy?
        date: 2020-09-17
       words: 4031
      flesch: 35
     summary: Pennsylvania: ECRI Institute, Health devices Contamination of single-use bronchoscopes in critically ill patients With the current COVID-19 pandemic: should we use singleuse flexible bronchoscopes instead of conventional bronchoscopes? Pediatric laryngoscopy and bronchoscopy during the COVID-19 pandemic: a four-center collaborative protocol to improve safety with perioperative management strategies and creation of a surgical tent with disposable drapes Surgery in COVID-19 patients: operational directives How severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) affected the department of anaesthesia at Singapore General Hospital Single use bronchoscopes: applications in COVID-19 pandemic Reducing maintenance and repair costs in an interventional pulmonology program Implementation of an anaesthesia quality improvement programme to reduce fibreoptic bronchoscope repair incidents Transtracheal wash and bronchoalveolar lavage Randomized clinical trial to evaluate the pathogenicity of Bibersteinia trehalosi in respiratory disease among calves Difficult Airway Society 2015 guidelines for management of unanticipated difficult intubation in adults Single use and conventional bronchoscopes for broncho alveolar lavage (BAL) in research: a comparative study (NCT 02515591) Infections and damaged flexible bronchoscopes-time for a change Cost analysis of (Ambu � aScope TM ) and reusable bronchoscopes in the ICU Decision support for the capacity management of bronchoscopy devices: optimizing the cost-efficient mix of reusable and single-use devices through mathematical modeling Comparative study on environmental impacts of reusable and single-use bronchoscopes Flexible bronchoscope damage and repair costs in a bronchoscopy teaching unit Implementing flexible bronchoscopy in least developed countries according to international guidelines is feasible and sustainable: example from Phnom-Penh, Cambodia This study confirms that SUFBs are only appropriate for single use as opposed to single patient use [22] .
    keywords: bronchoscopy; cost; covid-19; infection; patient; rfbs; risk; sufbs; transmission; use
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        item: #375 of 5187
          id: cord-254636-3lr008th
      author: Shishir, Tushar Ahmed
       title: In silico comparative genomics of SARS-CoV-2 to determine the source and diversity of the pathogen in Bangladesh
        date: 2020-08-16
       words: 2976
      flesch: 44
     summary: Rapid detection of selective pressure on individual sites of codon alignments DeepDDG: Predicting the Stability Change of Protein Point Mutations Using Neural Networks AputativediacidicmotifintheSARS-CoVORF6proteininfluencesitssubcellularlocalizationandsuppressionofexpressionofco -transfectedexpressionconstructs SARS-CoV accessory protein 7a directly interacts with human LFA-1 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Gene 7 Products Contribute to Virus-Induced Apoptosis Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus ORF7a Inhibits Bone Marrow Stromal Antigen 2 Virion Tethering through a Novel Mechanism of Glycosylation Interference The ORF8 Protein of SARS-CoV-2 Mediates Immune Evasion through Potently Downregulating MHC-I. bioRxiv The Proteins of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2 or n-COV19), the Cause of COVID-19 COVID-2019: All mutations were synonymous and found this gene conserved In summary, mutation analysis revealed point mutations as well as deletion of base pairs.
    keywords: bangladesh; cov-2; isolates; mutations; protein; sars; sequences
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        item: #376 of 5187
          id: cord-254668-szxhlejx
      author: Brogna, Barbara
       title: Unusual presentations of COVID-19 pneumonia on CT scans with spontaneous pneumomediastinum and loculated pneumothorax: a report of two cases and a review of the literature.
        date: 2020-06-13
       words: 1889
      flesch: 33
     summary: It has also been reported by Peiris 15 , who showed the occurrence of SPM in 12% of SARS patients not related to intubation and mechanical ventilation. Spontaneous PNX has been found as a complication in 1.7% of SARS patients 19 .
    keywords: covid-19; patients; pneumonia; sars; spm
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        item: #377 of 5187
          id: cord-254777-h8hw4m9f
      author: Tanner, Tamara
       title: Hyperinflammation and the utility of immunomodulatory medications in children with COVID-19
        date: 2020-07-29
       words: 4735
      flesch: 38
     summary: The Lancet Risk Factors Associated With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Death in Patients With Coronavirus Disease A retrospective cohort study of methylprednisolone therapy in severe patients with COVID-19 pneumonia Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Potential benefits of precise corticosteroids therapy for severe 2019-nCoV pneumonia Translating IL-6 biology into effective treatments Interleukin-6 as a therapeutic target Effective treatment of severe COVID-19 patients with tocilizumab Tocilizumab therapy reduced intensive care unit admissions and/or mortality in COVID-19 patients Interleukin-6 blockade for severe COVID-19. Similarly, an observational cohort study from the United States (US) describes shortness of breath, fever and cough as the most common presenting symptoms of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 infection
    keywords: children; coronavirus; covid-19; cytokine; disease; il-6; infection; patients; sars; treatment; use
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        item: #378 of 5187
          id: cord-254821-px4fe7mn
      author: Infantino, Maria
       title: Diagnostic accuracy of an automated chemiluminescent immunoassay for anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 IgM and IgG antibodies: an Italian experience
        date: 2020-05-10
       words: 1227
      flesch: 25
     summary: the need to accelerate progress in diagnostics, serological tests have been developed. On the one hand, in reference to IgM and IgG combination, the overall sensitivity of 75% may reflect that some patients may not yet develop antibodies or will never develop (the length of time from the symptoms onset to serological test ranged from 8 to 17 days); on the other hand, the 100% specificity performance of IgG antibodies makes them an appropriate test for the different immunization protocols.
    keywords: antibodies; igg; igm; tests
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        item: #379 of 5187
          id: cord-254825-c5d0wul9
      author: Kim, Sei Won
       title: Containment of a healthcare-associated COVID-19 outbreak in a university hospital in Seoul, Korea: A single-center experience
        date: 2020-08-14
       words: 3562
      flesch: 46
     summary: Severe symptoms develop in approximately 14% of COVID-19 patients, and the overall mortality is around 2% of confirmed COVID-19 cases [10] . Contact was defined as presence in the same room with COVID-19 confirmed patients, or in the same outpatient clinic or examination room, 30 minutes before and after COVID-19 confirmed patients.
    keywords: contact; cov-2; covid-19; hospital; outbreak; patients; pcr; sars
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        item: #380 of 5187
          id: cord-254855-gmy9zyad
      author: He, Sijia
       title: PSGL-1 inhibits the virion incorporation of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoproteins and impairs virus attachment and infectivity
        date: 2020-07-06
       words: 1714
      flesch: 38
     summary: Nevertheless, it remains to be determined whether PSGL-1 is expressed in SARS coronavirus target cells in the lungs, and, if 6 so, whether its expression can impair viral infection. Together, these results demonstrate that PSGL-1 expression in the virus-producer cells severely diminishes the infectivity of virions bearing SARS coronavirus S proteins.
    keywords: cells; cov; cov-2; psgl-1; sars
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        item: #381 of 5187
          id: cord-254884-5rmnwcfd
      author: Ng, S. M.
       title: Group Debriefing for People with Chronic Diseases During the SARS Pandemic: Strength-Focused and Meaning-Oriented Approach for Resilience and Transformation (SMART)
        date: 2006-01-21
       words: 2221
      flesch: 46
     summary: In dealing with adverse psychological impact of SARS on chronic patients, preventive group debriefing could be a favorable option. Group intervention in this type of event should deal more with preparing for the future than with confronting the past.
    keywords: debriefing; group; participants; people; sars; smart
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        item: #382 of 5187
          id: cord-254886-fl5ar971
      author: Arav, Y.
       title: Understanding the indoor pre-symptomatic transmission mechanism of COVID-19
        date: 2020-05-17
       words: 2229
      flesch: 51
     summary: The fact that contact transmission is the main route of pre-symptomatic transmission, suggests that the hygienic and behavioral measures (HBMs) advised to the public should focus on HBMs to diminish the contamination on the hands or somehow interrupt the virus transfer from the hand to the facial membranes. Using the model we identified the dominant driver of pre-symptomatic transmission, which was found to be contact route, while the contribution of the airborne route is negligible.
    keywords: contact; hands; model; preprint; transmission
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        item: #383 of 5187
          id: cord-254900-fg5wd0nh
      author: Havenga, M.J.E.
       title: Serum‐free transient protein production system based on adenoviral vector and PER.C6 technology: High yield and preserved bioactivity
        date: 2007-12-13
       words: 7491
      flesch: 36
     summary: Here we show that DE1/DE2A Ad5 vectors, produced on PER.E2A cells, are unable to replicate on PER.C6 cells and do not express adenoviral capsid proteins in human indicator cells. From the results, shown in Figure 1B , the following conclusions were drawn: (i) at 32, 34, and 378C both an DE1 and DE1/DE2A vector can efficiently replicate in PER.E2A cells resulting in the clear detection of viral DNA copies at 48 post-virus exposure, (ii) at 398C the replication efficiency of an DE1/ DE2A vector is significantly reduced due to the absence of functional E2A protein, (iii) an DE1/DE2A vector exposure to PER.C6 cells did not result in detection of viral copies indicative for the absence of viral replication.
    keywords: adenovirus; antibody; cells; de1; e2a; et al; expression; gene; human; per.c6; per.e2a; production; protein; recombinant; sars; vector; virus
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        item: #384 of 5187
          id: cord-254916-y1rw9q11
      author: Ogando, Natacha S.
       title: SARS-coronavirus-2 replication in Vero E6 cells: replication kinetics, rapid adaptation and cytopathology
        date: 2020-06-22
       words: 8596
      flesch: 42
     summary: The spike glycoprotein of the new coronavirus 2019-nCoV contains a furin-like cleavage site absent in CoV of the same clade The proteolytic regulation of virus cell entry by furin and other proprotein convertases A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Host cell entry of middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus after two-step, furin-mediated activation of the spike protein Furin cleavage of the SARS coronavirus spike glycoprotein enhances cell-cell fusion but does not affect virion entry Structure, function, and antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein Cathepsin L functionally cleaves the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus class I fusion protein upstream of rather than adjacent to the fusion peptide Coronavirus cell entry occurs through the endo-/ lysosomal pathway in a proteolysis-dependent manner SARS coronavirus, but not human coronavirus NL63, utilizes cathepsin L to infect ACE2-expressing cells Identification of a common deletion in the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 Characterisation of the transcriptome and proteome of SARS-CoV-2 using direct RNA sequencing and tandem mass spectrometry reveals evidence for a cell passage induced in-frame deletion in the spike glycoprotein that removes the furin-like cleavage site A hypervariable region within the 3' cis-acting element of the murine coronavirus genome is nonessential for RNA synthesis but affects pathogenesis A conserved RNA pseudoknot in a putative molecular switch domain of the 3'-untranslated region of coronaviruses is only marginally stable RNA genome conservation and secondary structure in SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-related viruses Remdesivir, lopinavir, emetine, and homoharringtonine inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication in vitro SARS-CoV-2 sensitive to type I interferon pretreatment Isolation, sequence, infectivity and replication kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 Enhanced isolation of SARS-CoV-2 by TMPRSS2-expressing cells Apical entry and release of severe acute respiratory syndromeassociated coronavirus in polarized Calu-3 lung epithelial cells Exogenous ACE2 expression allows refractory cell lines to support severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus replication SARS-Associated coronavirus replication in cell lines Discovery of novel human and animal cells infected by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus by replicationspecific multiplex reverse transcription-PCR Studies on the mechanism of the priming effect of interferon on interferon production by cell cultures exposed to poly(rI)-poly(rC) Regulation of the interferon system: evidence that Vero cells have a genetic defect in interferon production A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China The FDAapproved gold drug auranofin inhibits novel coronavirus (SARS-COV-2) replication and attenuates inflammation in human cells Overexpression of 7a, a protein specifically encoded by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, induces apoptosis via a caspase-dependent pathway Sars coronavirus 7a protein blocks cell cycle progression at G0/G1 phase via the cyclin D3/pRb pathway The ORF7b protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) is expressed in virus-infected cells and incorporated into SARS-CoV particles The SARS-coronavirus-host interactome: identification of cyclophilins as target for pan-coronavirus inhibitors The 8ab protein of SARS-CoV is a luminal ER membrane-associated protein and induces the activation of ATF6 SARS-Coronavirus open reading Frame-8b triggers intracellular stress pathways and activates NLRP3 inflammasomes Molecular evolution of the SARS coronavirus during the course of the SARS epidemic in China Isolation and characterization of viruses related to the SARS coronavirus from animals in southern China Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China Fast gapped-read alignment with Bowtie 2 Proteolytic processing of the replicase ORF1a protein of equine arteritis virus Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against the nucleocapsid protein of SARS-CoV Monoclonal antibodies to double-stranded RNA as probes of RNA structure in crude nucleic acid extracts Localization of mouse hepatitis virus nonstructural proteins and RNA synthesis indicates a role for late endosomes in viral replication Debio 025, a cyclophilin binding molecule, is highly efficient in clearing hepatitis C virus (HCV) replicon-containing cells when used alone or in combination with specifically targeted antiviral therapy for HCV (STAT-C) inhibitors The intracellular sites of early replication and budding of SARScoronavirus Sars-Coronavirus replication is supported by a reticulovesicular network of modified endoplasmic reticulum Double-Stranded RNA is produced by positive-strand RNA viruses and DNA viruses but not in detectable amounts by negativestrand RNA viruses Ultrastructure and origin of membrane vesicles associated with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus replication complex Infectious bronchitis virus generates spherules from zippered endoplasmic reticulum membranes The porcine deltacoronavirus replication organelle comprises Double-Membrane vesicles and Zippered endoplasmic reticulum with Double-Membrane spherules Replication of coronavirus MHV-A59 in sac-cells: determination of the first site of budding of progeny virions Ultrastructural characterization of SARS coronavirus Coronavirus susceptibility to the antiviral Remdesivir (GS-5734) is mediated by the viral polymerase and the proofreading exoribonuclease Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro In vitro inhibition of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus by chloroquine Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread Human coronavirus
    keywords: acute; cells; cleavage; coronavirus; cov-2; fig; genome; human; plaque; protein; reads; replication; rna; sars; site; syndrome; synthesis; vero; viruses
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        item: #385 of 5187
          id: cord-254957-jqp1gto6
      author: Klann, Kevin
       title: Growth factor receptor signaling inhibition prevents SARS-CoV-2 replication
        date: 2020-08-11
       words: 7016
      flesch: 41
     summary: Proteins exhibiting decreased protein levels were significantly enriched in cell cycle proteins. We identified viral protein phosphorylation and defined phosphorylation-driven host cell signaling changes upon infection.
    keywords: cell; changes; cov-2; drugs; et al; figure; gfr; host; infection; pathways; phosphorylation; protein; replication; sars; signaling; study
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        item: #386 of 5187
          id: cord-254968-czrgzyr3
      author: Zhang, Qiang
       title: A serological survey of SARS-CoV-2 in cat in Wuhan
        date: 2020-09-17
       words: 3152
      flesch: 50
     summary: Virus neutralization test and Western blot assay of cat serum samples for SARS-CoV-2 (A) Cat#14, Cat#15 and Cat#4 sera were 3-fold serially diluted and mixed with SARS-CoV-2; after incubated at 37°C for 1 h, the mixture was used to infect Vero E6 cells, and replaced with semi-solid media 1 h later. Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan The reproductive number of COVID-19 is higher compared to SARS coronavirus Comparing SARS-CoV-2 with SARS-CoV and influenza pandemics The origin, transmission and clinical therapies on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak -an update on the status Discovery of Bat coronaviruses through Surveillance and probe Capturebased Next-Generation Sequencing Composition and divergence of coronavirus spike proteins and host ACE2 receptors predict potential intermediate hosts of SARS-CoV-2 A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Are pangolins the intermediate host of the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2)?
    keywords: antibody; cats; cov-2; covid-19; positive; sars; sera; serum
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        item: #387 of 5187
          id: cord-255069-9xueqdri
      author: Leary, Shay
       title: Three adjacent nucleotide changes spanning two residues in SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein: possible homologous recombination from the transcription-regulating sequence
        date: 2020-04-11
       words: 1824
      flesch: 33
     summary: Transmission and accumulation of CTL escape variants drive negative associations between HIV polymorphisms and HLA HIV evolution: CTL escape mutation and reversion after transmission Molecular footprints reveal the impact of the protective HLA-A*03 allele in hepatitis C virus infection Evidence of HIV-1 adaptation to HLA-restricted immune responses at a population level Cross-species transmission of the newly identified coronavirus 2019-nCoV Recombination, reservoirs, and the modular spike: mechanisms of coronavirus cross-species transmission HIV protease resistance and viral fitness Selection of viral adaptations to polymorphic host responses mediated by T cells, NKcells, antibodies and antiviral drugs are well described for other RNA viruses such as HIV and HCV 4, 11 .
    keywords: cov-2; nucleocapsid; polymorphisms; sars; strains
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        item: #388 of 5187
          id: cord-255101-l5ssz750
      author: Daval, Mary
       title: Efficacy of local budesonide therapy in the management of persistent hyposmia in COVID-19 patients without signs of severity: A structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
        date: 2020-07-20
       words: 8952
      flesch: 48
     summary: Tout EIG doit être notifié au promoteur :  à partir de la date de signature du consentement,  jusqu'à la fin de participation à la recherche, mais également sans limitation de temps, lorsque l'EIG est susceptible d'être dû au médicament. Objectif principal: Evaluer l'efficacité du budésonide en traitement local intranasal (lavage de nez), en complément de la rééducation olfactive, dans la prise en charge de la perte d'odorat de patients COVID-19 sans signes de gravité et présentant une persistance de l'hyposmie 30 jours après le début des symptômes.
    keywords: budésonide; cas; cette; covid-19; d'un; dans; des; données; début; est; jours; l'étude; les; nez; non; olfactive; par; pas; patients; pour; promoteur; que; qui; recherche; sans; sera; seront; signes; sur; symptômes; traitement; une
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        item: #389 of 5187
          id: cord-255170-bp3irxlh
      author: Mark, John
       title: SARS coronavirus: Unusual lability of the nucleocapsid protein
        date: 2008-12-12
       words: 5280
      flesch: 77
     summary: Esch e richia coli M15 and BL21(DE3) cells, trans formed with pQE-2/NP (pQE-2 expressing the N-pro tein), were used to pro duce pro tein as pre vi ously described [17, 19] . Pro teins were eluted using 0.01% tri flu o ro ace tic acid (TFA) and a 10-90% ace to ni trile gra di ent and pro tein-con tain ing frac tions ana lyzed by LC/MS as pre vi ously described [23] .
    keywords: age; ase; cap; cleav; con; ing; pep; pro; res; sars; sid; sis; tein; tion
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        item: #390 of 5187
          id: cord-255178-mb784dam
      author: Velu, P.
       title: Rapid implementation of SARS-CoV-2 emergency use authorization RT-PCR testing and experience at an academic medical institution
        date: 2020-06-08
       words: 2353
      flesch: 52
     summary: The apparent LOD was between 1 and 10 gene copies/reaction for NP specimens and 464 between 10 and 100 gene copies/reaction for sputum specimens. The novel coronavirus SARS CoV-2 is a member of the Betacoronavirus genera in the 49 subfamily Coronavirinae, which is known to cause respiratory illness and gastroenteritis 50 in humans and other mammals [1, 2] .
    keywords: author; funder; medrxiv; perpetuity; preprint
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        item: #391 of 5187
          id: cord-255229-w2xtxo9a
      author: Edson, Daniel C
       title: Identification of SARS-CoV-2 in a Proficiency Testing Program
        date: 2020-07-20
       words: 2051
      flesch: 42
     summary: The results of this study should provide confidence in clinical laboratory test results for patient management and public health decisions. Administration (FDA)-approved and/or validated laboratory diagnostic tests.
    keywords: cov-2; laboratories; results; sars; testing
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        item: #392 of 5187
          id: cord-255252-md0avnqg
      author: Tang, Julian W.
       title: Quantitative temporal‐spatial distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome‐associated coronavirus (SARS‐CoV) in post‐mortem tissues
        date: 2007-07-02
       words: 5319
      flesch: 64
     summary: Persistent infection of SARS coronavirus in colonic cells in vitro Coronaviral hypothetical and structural proteins were found in the intestinal surface enterocytes and pneumocytes of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) SARS-associated viral hepatitis caused by a novel coronavirus: Report of three cases Viral shedding patterns of coronavirus in patients with probable severe acute respiratory syndrome ACE2 gene polymorphisms do not affect outcome of severe acute respiratory syndrome Detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus in pneumocytes of the lung Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is an essential regulator of heart function The clinical pathology of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): A report from China Organ distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in SARS patients: Implications for pathogenesis and virus transmission pathways Fatal severe acute respiratory syndrome is associated with multiorgan involvement by coronavirus Lung pathology of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): This implies that SARS-CoV RNA remains detectable in the body tissue of SARS patients for a long period after death, though infectious SARS-CoV was only cultured from the lung and bowel tissue (Table II) .
    keywords: cov; gapdh; load; ratio; rna; sars
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        item: #393 of 5187
          id: cord-255264-2kj961en
      author: Hasan, Syed Shahzad
       title: Social distancing and the use of PPE by community pharmacy personnel: Does evidence support these measures?
        date: 2020-05-01
       words: 2234
      flesch: 36
     summary: It is therefore important to assess the preventative measure directives for community pharmacies that are in place to safeguard community pharmacy personnel from SARS-CoV-2 in the various parts of the world. As community pharmacies are considered as the first point of call for cold and flu symptoms, community pharmacy personnel are likely to encounter symptomatic or asymptomatic (including carer of a symptomatic patient) carrier of SARS-CoV-2 and thus at high risk to get infected.
    keywords: community; covid-19; pharmacies; pharmacy; ppe; social
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        item: #394 of 5187
          id: cord-255284-ffh1jl40
      author: Guery, B
       title: Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère
        date: 2003-06-30
       words: 2811
      flesch: 57
     summary: Cette hypothèse était étayée par la survenue de cas, mortels, de grippe aviaire à Hong Kong le 17 février. De novembre 2002 à février 2003, dans la province de Guangdong (sud de la Chine), 305 cas de pneumonies étaient signalés.
    keywords: cas; coronavirus; dans; des; est; les; patients; sars; syndrome; une; été
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        item: #395 of 5187
          id: cord-255290-p64apuk1
      author: Matheeussen, Veerle
       title: International external quality assessment for SARS-CoV-2 molecular detection and survey on clinical laboratory preparedness during the COVID-19 pandemic, April/May 2020
        date: 2020-07-09
       words: 2131
      flesch: 36
     summary: FIND Laboratory testing for 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in suspected human cases. To analyse SARS-CoV-2 testing performance, we used an online questionnaire developed for the European Union project RECOVER to assess molecular testing capacities in clinical diagnostic laboratories.
    keywords: assays; eqa; laboratories; samples; sars; testing
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        item: #396 of 5187
          id: cord-255293-8necodtw
      author: Phakthanakanok, Krongsakda
       title: A computational analysis of SARS cysteine proteinase-octapeptide substrate interaction: implication for structure and active site binding mechanism
        date: 2009-01-30
       words: 3973
      flesch: 61
     summary: A major outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong A novel coronavirus and SARS The Genome sequence of the SARS-associated coronavirus Tellier R: Identification of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Canada Characterization of a novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Mechanisms and enzymes involved in SARS coronavirus genome expression Coronavirus main proteinase (3CLpro) structure: basis for design of anti-SARS drugs Small molecules targeting severe acute respiratory syndrome human coronavirus Conservation of substrate specificities among coronavirus main proteases The crystal structures of severe acute respiratory syndrome virus main protease and its complex with an inhibitor 3C-like Proteinase from SARS Coronavirus Catalyzed Substrate Hydrolysis by a General Base Mechanism Study on substrate specificity at subsites for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 3CL proteinase The substrate specificity of SARS coronavirus 3C-like proteinase Structure and dynamics of SARS coronavirus proteinase: The primary key to the designing and screening for anti-SARS drugs Molecular dynamics simulations of various coronavirus main proteinases Automated docking using a Lamarckian genetic algorithm and an empirical binding free energy function GROMACS: a package for molecular simulation and trajectory analysis Binding mechanism of coronavirus main proteinase with ligands and its implication to drug design against SARS Molecular modeling and chemical modification for finding peptide inhibitor against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus main proteinase The authors declare that they have no competing interests. key: cord-255293-8necodtw authors: Phakthanakanok, Krongsakda; Ratanakhanokchai, Khanok; Kyu, Khin Lay; Sompornpisut, Pornthep; Watts, Aaron; Pinitglang, Surapong title: A computational analysis of SARS cysteine proteinase-octapeptide substrate interaction: implication for structure and active site binding mechanism date: 2009-01-30 journal: BMC Bioinformatics DOI: 10.1186/1471-2105-10-s1-s48 sha: doc_id: 255293 cord_uid: 8necodtw BACKGROUND: SARS coronavirus main proteinase (SARS CoVMpro) is an important enzyme for the replication of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome virus.
    keywords: covmpro; enzyme; octapeptide; sars; simulation; structure
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        item: #397 of 5187
          id: cord-255325-tl5fm2yu
      author: Goletic, Teufik
       title: Phylogenetic pattern of SARS-CoV-2 from COVID-19 patients from Bosnia and Herzegovina: lessons learned to optimize future molecular and epidemiological approaches
        date: 2020-06-19
       words: 1727
      flesch: 41
     summary: [12] , was shown to be G in BH isolates, assigning all four BiH isolates to G clade together with European sequences (Italy, Austria, France, Sweden, Cyprus, England). [6] , and the cycle threshold (Ct) values were 17,1; 21,3; 24,6 and 20,4 for Livno, Banja Luka, Tuzla and Sarajevo samples, respectively. Livno and Banja Luka samples WGS was performed according to the ARTIC amplicon sequencing protocol for MinION for nCoV-2019, which uses two primer pools to generate the sequence, as described elsewhere [7] .
    keywords: bih; gisaid; samples; sarajevo; sars; sequences
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        item: #398 of 5187
          id: cord-255365-fog62qdu
      author: Goldstein, Neal D.
       title: On the importance of early testing even when imperfect in a pandemic such as COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-03
       words: 1483
      flesch: 40
     summary: ScholarBank@NUS Repository CDC Has Fixed Issue Delaying Coronavirus Testing In U.S., Health Officials Say Dark gray corresponds to false negative test results assuming sensitivity between 60 and 100%, light gray corresponds to false positive test results assuming specificity between 90 and 100%, and the line is the true count of cases COVID-19) > One could also consider period prevalence of test results since the pandemic's inception.
    keywords: covid-19; prevalence; results; testing
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        item: #399 of 5187
          id: cord-255371-o9oxchq6
      author: Nguyen, Thanh Thi
       title: Genomic Mutations and Changes in Protein Secondary Structure and Solvent Accessibility of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19 Virus)
        date: 2020-07-10
       words: 5655
      flesch: 52
     summary: For the mutation detection purpose, we apply a dynamic programming algorithm to protein AA sequences to get global pairwise alignments between a reference sequence and a query sequence. There have been various protein secondary structure prediction programs in the literature and many of those were developed based on artificial intelligence models using protein AA sequences such as JPred4 [29] , Spider2
    keywords: accessibility; cov-2; gene; mutations; number; protein; sars; sequences; solvent; structure; virus
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        item: #400 of 5187
          id: cord-255413-8o884nyp
      author: Hotez, Peter J.
       title: The Potential Role of Th17 Immune Responses in Coronavirus Immunopathology and Vaccine-induced Immune Enhancement
        date: 2020-04-17
       words: 1712
      flesch: 20
     summary: An emerging target of JAK2 inhibitor Fedratinib The contrasting roles of Th17 immunity in human health and disease Interleukin-17 drives pulmonary eosinophilia following repeated exposure to Aspergillus fumigatus conidia Molecular mechanisms of cytokine and chemokine release from eosinophils activated by IL-17A, IL-17F, and IL-23: implication for Th17 lymphocytesmediated allergic inflammation T(H)17-associated cytokines (IL-17A and IL-17F) in severe asthma IL-6: regulator of Treg/Th17 balance Analysis of serum cytokines in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Nucleocapsid protein of SARS-CoV activates interleukin-6 expression through cellular transcription factor NF-kappaB First case of COVID-19 in a patient with multiple myeloma successfully treated with tocilizumab Generation of IL-8 and IL-9 producing CD4(+) T cells is affected by Th17 polarizing conditions and AHR ligands Roadmap to developing a recombinant coronavirus S protein receptor-binding domain vaccine for severe acute respiratory syndrome An epidemiologic study of altered clinical reactivity to respiratory syncytial (RS) virus infection in children previously vaccinated with an inactivated RS virus vaccine Viral-Induced Enhanced Disease Illness A double-inactivated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus vaccine provides incomplete protection in mice and induces increased eosinophilic proinflammatory pulmonary response upon challenge Developing a Low-Cost and Accessible COVID-19 Vaccine for Global Health Immunization with SARS coronavirus vaccines leads to pulmonary immunopathology on challenge with the SARS virus Effects of Toll-like receptor stimulation on eosinophilic infiltration in lungs of BALB/c mice immunized with UV-inactivated severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus vaccine Yeast-Expressed SARS-CoV Recombinant Receptor-Binding Domain (RBD219-N1) Formulated with Alum Induces Protective Immunity without Significant Eosinophilic Immune Enhancement Immunization with modified vaccinia virus Ankara-based recombinant vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome is associated with enhanced hepatitis in ferrets Evaluation of modified vaccinia virus Ankara based recombinant SARS vaccine in ferrets Anti-spike IgG causes severe acute lung injury by skewing macrophage responses during acute SARS-CoV infection Vaccine efficacy in senescent mice challenged with recombinant SARS-CoV bearing epidemic and zoonotic spike variants However, the potential role of Th17 responses has a number of implications in terms of the production and clinical development of COVID-19 vaccines.
    keywords: coronavirus; enhancement; responses; sars; th17
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        item: #401 of 5187
          id: cord-255415-sr81j7my
      author: Heller, Lindsay K.
       title: Mustela Vison ACE2 Functions as a Receptor for Sars-Coronavirus
        date: 2006
       words: 1496
      flesch: 55
     summary: Our data demonstrate that mvACE2 RNA is expressed by SARS-CoV susceptible Mv1Lu cells, that it is closely related to palm civet ACE2, and that mvACE2 is a functional receptor for SARS-CoV. key: cord-255415-sr81j7my authors: Heller, Lindsay K.; Gillim-Ross, Laura; Olivieri, Emily R.; Wentworth, David E. title: Mustela Vison ACE2 Functions as a Receptor for Sars-Coronavirus date: 2006 journal: The Nidoviruses DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-33012-9_90 sha: doc_id: 255415 cord_uid: sr81j7my nan In 2002-2003, there was an outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Guangdong Province, China.
    keywords: ace2; cov; mvace2; receptor; sars
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        item: #402 of 5187
          id: cord-255440-ls1l2mlg
      author: Tindle, Courtney
       title: Adult Stem Cell-derived Complete Lung Organoid Models Emulate Lung Disease in COVID-19
        date: 2020-10-18
       words: 9984
      flesch: 41
     summary: Organoids and monolayers used for lung cell type studies were lysed using RNA lysis buffer followed by RNA CoV2 studies were lysed in TRI-Reagent and RNA was extracted using Zymo Research Direct-zol RNA Miniprep. Organoid and monolayer cell-type gene expression was measured by qRT-PCR using 2x SYBR Green qPCR Master Mix. As for personalization, our model is derived from adult lung stem cells from deep lung biopsies; each organoid line was established from one patient.
    keywords: airway; ali; alveolar; at2; cells; cov-2; covid-19; epithelial; et al; expression; fig; gene; host; human; lung; media; model; monolayers; organoids; pneumocytes; response; rna; sars; signatures; type
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        item: #403 of 5187
          id: cord-255446-wddj6hrv
      author: McDade, T. W.
       title: High seroprevalence for SARS-CoV-2 among household members of essential workers detected using a dried blood spot assay
        date: 2020-06-02
       words: 3127
      flesch: 53
     summary: Serological testing for SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in DBS samples can facilitate seroprevalence assessment in community settings to address epidemiological questions, monitor duration of antibody responses, and assess if antibodies against the spike protein correlate with protection from reinfection. We adapted this ELISA to measure IgG antibodies to the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in DBS samples.
    keywords: cov-2; dbs; license; medrxiv; perpetuity; preprint; samples; sars
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        item: #404 of 5187
          id: cord-255458-81ugj38k
      author: Doll, Michelle E.
       title: Utility of retesting for diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 in hospitalized patients: Impact of the interval between tests
        date: 2020-05-11
       words: 1169
      flesch: 42
     summary: Reports of serial patient testing indicate that the quantity of virus is highest in the first week after symptom onset, with a potential to decrease as patients recover. 3, 4 However, cases of high probability symptomatic patients with false-negative testing early in the course of illness have been reported.
    keywords: covid-19; patients; testing
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        item: #405 of 5187
          id: cord-255474-7fq9culd
      author: Alifano, Marco
       title: Renin-angiotensin system at the heart of COVID-19 pandemic
        date: 2020-04-16
       words: 2603
      flesch: 31
     summary: We decided to use the analogy of a play and speculate about the possible impact in this tragedy of 1) air pollution via the interference of nitrogen dioxide on ACE2 expression; 2) the dual role of nicotine; 3) the hypothetical involvement of ACE2 polymorphisms, the relationships of which with ethnic factors and susceptibility to cardiovascular disease seems intriguing; 4) the impact on the severity of infection of hypertension and related medications acting on the renin/angiotensin system, and, finally, 5) the possible helpful role of chloroquine, thanks to its capacity of modifying ACE2 affinity to the viral spike protein by altering glycosylation. ACE2 polymorphisms: imbrication with associated illness and possible different susceptibility to infection.
    keywords: ace2; angiotensin; covid-19; hypertension; receptor; sars; system
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        item: #406 of 5187
          id: cord-255476-p0gyyl3c
      author: Hsu, Albert L.
       title: Placental SARS‐CoV‐2 in a Pregnant Woman with Mild COVID‐19 Disease
        date: 2020-08-04
       words: 3315
      flesch: 47
     summary: Clinical Characteristics of 46 Pregnant Women with a SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Washington State Coronavirus disease 2019 among pregnant Chinese women: case series data on the safety of vaginal birth and breastfeeding BJOG Neonatal Late Onset Infection with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Coronavirus disease 2019 in pregnancy Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in pregnant women: A report based on 116 cases Public Health Agency of Sweden's brief report: pregnant and postpartum women with SARS-CoV-2 infection in intensive care in Sweden Has Sweden's controversial covid-19 strategy been successful? Vertical transmission of COVID-19: SARS-CoV-2 RNA on the fetal side of the placenta in pregnancies with COVID-19 positive mothers and neonates at birth Detection of SARS-COV-2 in Placental and Fetal Membrane Samples Second-Trimester Miscarriage in a Pregnant Woman With SARS-CoV-2 Infection SARS-CoV-2 infection of the placenta Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records Report of Positive Placental Swabs for SARS-CoV-2 in an Asymptomatic Pregnant Woman with COVID-19 Possible Vertical Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 From an Infected Mother to Her Newborn COVID-19 and its implications for thrombosis and anticoagulation Placental Pathology in Covid-19 positive mothers: Preliminary Findings Placental Pathology in Covid-19 Fetal vascular malperfusion If You Are Pregnant, Breastfeeding, or Caring for Young Children Late miscarriage as a presenting manifestation of COVID-19 Change in the Incidence of Stillbirth and Preterm Delivery During the COVID-19 Perinatal Transmission of COVID-19 Associated SARS-CoV-2: Should We Worry? Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in human breastmilk The Lancet Coronavirus disease 2019 among pregnant Chinese women: case series data on the safety of vaginal birth and breastfeeding BJOG Vaginal delivery in SARS-CoV-2-infected pregnant women in Northern Italy: a retrospective analysis BJOG This article is protected by copyright. The inexorable rise in COVID-19 cases in the United States amid decreasing adherence to public health recommendations raises concern for the possibility of viral mutations.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; disease; placental; pregnancy; sars; women
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        item: #407 of 5187
          id: cord-255495-xnoppq3y
      author: Elrashdy, Fatma
       title: On the potential role of exosomes in the COVID-19 reinfection/reactivation opportunity
        date: 2020-07-09
       words: 7538
      flesch: 35
     summary: Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness MERS-coronavirus replication induces severe in vitro cytopathology and is strongly inhibited by cyclosporin A or interferon-a treatment Possible vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from an infected mother to her newborn Eleven faces of coronavirus disease Ultrastructural evidence for direct renal infection with SARS-CoV-2 Vaginal delivery in SARS-CoV-2 infected pregnant women in Northern Italy: A retrospective analysis Spread and dynamics of the COVID-19 epidemic in Italy: Effects of emergency containment measures The role of extracellular vesicles as allies of HIV, HCV and SARS viruses Expanding our understanding of the role polyprotein conformation plays in the coronavirus life cycle Modern uses of electron microscopy for detection of viruses Ultrastructural characterization of SARS coronavirus Pathology and pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome Respiratory viral infection in lung transplantation induces exosomes that trigger chronic rejection Donorderived exosomes with lung self-antigens in human lung allograft rejection The role of extracellular vesicles in COVID-19 virus infection Recurrence of positive SARS-CoV-2 in patients recovered from COVID-19 Retest positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA of recovered patients with COVID-19: A very interesting case was recently reported, where a 78-year-old woman that was ready to be discharged after the three consecutive PCR tests on her nasopharyngeal swab samples indicated that she was SARS-CoV-2 negative, her conditions were significantly improved, and CT examination showed absorption of pulmonary exudation, but suddenly she fell into the cardiac arrest and died (Yao et al., 2020) .
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; dmvs; et al; infection; membrane; particles; patients; pcr; replication; rna; sars; vesicles; virus
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        item: #408 of 5187
          id: cord-255498-npk4zv4i
      author: Harikrishnan, Pandurangan
       title: Saliva as a Potential Diagnostic Specimen for COVID-19 Testing
        date: 2020-06-11
       words: 1787
      flesch: 46
     summary: 14 Lower respiratory tract sputum is produced by only 28% of COVID-19 patients, which indicates a strong limitation of pharyngeal specimen for diagnostic evaluation. medRxiv Combination of RT-qPCR testing and clinical features for diagnosis of COVID-19 facilitates management of SARS-CoV-2 outbreak Salivary sensors in point-of-care testing A novel coronavirus emerging in China -key questions for impact assessment Salivary glands: potential reservoirs for COVID-19 asymptomatic infection Coronavirus COVID-19 impacts to dentistry and potential salivary diagnosis Saliva: potential diagnostic value and transmission of 2019-nCoV Consistent detection of 2019 novel coronavirus in saliva Temporal profiles of viral load in posterior oropharyngeal saliva samples and serum antibody responses during infection by SARS-CoV-2: an observational cohort study Saliva as a diagnostic specimen for testing respiratory virus by a point-of-care molecular assay: a diagnostic validity study Genomic characterization of the 2019 novel human-pathogenic coronavirus isolated from a patient with atypical pneumonia after visiting Wuhan A) Sagittal section of pharynx, (B) nasopharyngeal swab and (C) oropharyngeal swab locations Molecular and serological investigation of 2019-nCoV infected patients: implication of multiple shedding routes Saliva is more sensitive for SARS-CoV-2 detection in COVID-19 patients than nasopharyngeal swabs.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; patients; saliva; sars
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        item: #409 of 5187
          id: cord-255515-7se14455
      author: Graudenzi, Alex
       title: Mutational Signatures and Heterogeneous Host Response Revealed Via Large-Scale Characterization of SARS-COV-2 Genomic Diversity
        date: 2020-07-06
       words: 8285
      flesch: 41
     summary: We employed VERSO, a framework introduced in [12] for the reconstruction of high-resolution models of viral evolution from raw sequencing data of viral samples. In this respect, raw sequencing data of viral samples can be effectively employed to deliver a high-resolution picture of intra-host heterogeneity, which might underlie different clinical outcomes and affect the efficacy of anti-viral therapies.
    keywords: analysis; cov-2; host; number; processes; samples; sars; signature; substitution; variants
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        item: #410 of 5187
          id: cord-255552-k1retwa4
      author: Gassen, Nils C.
       title: Analysis of SARS-CoV-2-controlled autophagy reveals spermidine, MK-2206, and niclosamide as putative antiviral therapeutics
        date: 2020-04-15
       words: 1215
      flesch: 11
     summary: N Engl 216 Antiviral potential of ERK/MAPK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling 218 modulation for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection as identified 219 by temporal kinome analysis The SARS-coronavirus-host interactome: identification of cyclophilins 221 as target for pan-coronavirus inhibitors As AKT1 inhibition results in BECN1 up-regulation and autophagy induction (10, 31), SARS-CoV-2 174 growth inhibition was expected.
    keywords: autophagy; coronavirus; niclosamide; protein; sars
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        item: #411 of 5187
          id: cord-255586-wshvvgxg
      author: He, Shengyang
       title: Clinical characteristics of “re-positive” discharged COVID-19 pneumonia patients in Wuhan, China
        date: 2020-10-15
       words: 2923
      flesch: 38
     summary: Re-positive patients could not be distinguished by demographic features, clinical symptoms, laboratory results, comorbidities, co-infections, treatments, Common clinical characteristics were not able to distinguish re-positive patients.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; laboratory; patients; results; sars; study; symptoms
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        item: #412 of 5187
          id: cord-255602-3pzh5ur9
      author: Moscadelli, Andrea
       title: Fake News and Covid-19 in Italy: Results of a Quantitative Observational Study
        date: 2020-08-12
       words: 4595
      flesch: 47
     summary: Links that contained fake news were shared 2,352,585 times, accounting for 23.1% of the total shares of all the articles reviewed. In order to understand the reason for the success of fake news in such situations, it is necessary to analyze the impact of the quarantine on the Italian population and the psychological strain that it caused.
    keywords: articles; covid-19; fake; health; media; news; pandemic; shares
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        item: #413 of 5187
          id: cord-255631-516epnjw
      author: Syeda, H. B.
       title: The Role of Machine Learning Techniques to Tackle COVID-19 Crisis: A Systematic Review.
        date: 2020-08-25
       words: 6760
      flesch: 40
     summary: the preprint server for health sciences Modified SEIR and AI prediction of the epidemics trend of COVID-19 in China under public health interventions Predicting COVID-19 in China Using Hybrid AI Model Modelling-based evaluation of the effect of quarantine control by the Chinese government in the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.23.20180158 doi: medRxiv preprint ML methods and identified 3 themes: models developed to address issues central to Epidemiology; models that aid the diagnosis of patients with COVID-19; and models that help prognosis of COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: chest; coronavirus; covid-19; data; disease; health; learning; license; medrxiv; patients; perpetuity; preprint; preprint server; review; studies; study
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        item: #414 of 5187
          id: cord-255665-srvz2ay0
      author: Ferrari, Marco
       title: COVID-19 screening protocols for preoperative assessment of head and neck cancer patients candidate for elective surgery in the midst of the pandemic: a narrative review with comparison between two Italian institutions
        date: 2020-10-14
       words: 2488
      flesch: 35
     summary: The ideal management of COVID-19 patients has been improved and standardized by various reports dealing with risk-stratification, therapy, and follow-up. To date, there is no clear-cut indication that blood chemistry can serve as a screening The role of CT in first-line diagnosis and screening of COVID-19 patients is a muchdebated topic.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; patients; sars; screening; surgery
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        item: #415 of 5187
          id: cord-255697-trig04hd
      author: Cheng, Vincent Chi-Chung
       title: Viral Infections, an Overview with a Focus on Prevention of Transmission
        date: 2016-10-24
       words: 6425
      flesch: 32
     summary: norovirus shedding time associated with age Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-like virus in Chinese horseshoe bats Prevention of nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infections through compliance with glove and gown isolation precautions Immunization with high-dose intradermal recombinant hepatitis B vaccine in healthcare workers who failed to respond to intramuscular vaccination Epidemiologic study and containment of a nosocomial outbreak of severe acute respiratory Prospective controlled study of four infection-control procedures to prevent nosocomial infection with respiratory syncytial virus Nonpharmaceutical interventions implemented by US cities during the 1918-1919 influenza pandemic An effective quarantine measure reduced the total incidence of influenza A H1N1 in the workplace: another way to control the H1N1 flu pandemic An outbreak of influenza aboard a commercial airliner Efficacy and effectiveness of influenza vaccination Rapid awareness and transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hanoi French Hospital, Vietnam. As the virus may survive on inanimate surfaces for 12-48 h, and on the surface of hands for 10-15 min (Kampf and Kramer, 2004; Kramer et al., 2006) , influenza virus can be transmitted indirectly by contact with hands from the contaminated environment to the pharyngeal mucosa.
    keywords: care; control; et al; health; infection; influenza; norovirus; outbreak; patients; sars; transmission; virus; viruses; workers
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        item: #416 of 5187
          id: cord-255734-038xu4hq
      author: Taylor, Deborah R.
       title: Obstacles and advances in SARS vaccine development
        date: 2006-02-13
       words: 5338
      flesch: 42
     summary: A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS-beginning to understand a new virus Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus phylogeny: toward consensus Identification of a new human coronavirus Coronaviridae: the viruses and their replication Lung pathology of fatal severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS coronavirus-infected cells in lung detected by new in situ hybridization technique Expression of lymphocytes and lymphocyte subsets in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Plasma inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in severe acute respiratory syndrome Significant changes of peripheral T lymphocyte subsets in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS-related virus predating SARS outbreak Dissection study on the severe acute respiratory syndrome 3C-like protease reveals the critical role of the extra domain in dimerization of the enzyme: defining the extra domain as a new target for design of highly specific protease inhibitors SARS in newborns and children Isolation and characterization of viruses related to the SARS coronavirus from animals in southern China Role of China in the quest to define and control severe acute respiratory syndrome Prior infection and passive transfer of neutralizing antibody prevent replication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in the respiratory tract of mice Mice susceptible to SARS coronavirus Contributions of the structural proteins of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus to protective immunity Mechanisms of host defense following severe acute respiratory syndromecoronavirus (SARS-CoV) pulmonary infection of mice Resolution of primary severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus infection requires Stat1 Virology: SARS virus infection of cats and ferrets Human monoclonal antibody as prophylaxis for SARS coronavirus infection in ferrets Mucosal immunisation of African green monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops) with an attenuated parainfluenza virus expressing the SARS coronavirus spike protein for the prevention of SARS Koch's postulates fulfilled for SARS virus Newly discovered coronavirus as the primary cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Macaque model for severe acute respiratory syndrome Replication of SARS coronavirus administered into the respiratory tract of African Green, rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys Protection of chickens after live and inactivated virus vaccination against challenge with nephropathologenic infectious bronchitis virus Safety and efficacy of a modified-live canine coronavirus vaccine in dogs Antibody-mediated enhancement of disease in feline infectious peritonitis: comparisons with dengue hemorrhagic fever Inactivated hepatitis A vaccine: active and passive immunoprophylaxis in chimpanzees Live attenuated varicella vaccine Highly infectious SARS-CoV pseudotyped virus reveals the cell tropism and its correlation with receptor expression Genetically engineered vaccines: an overview Developing new smallpox vaccines Current status and future trends in vaccine regulation-USA SARS-associated coronavirus quasispecies in individual patients SARS associated coronavirus has a recombinant polymerase and coronaviruses have a history of host-shifting Mosaic evolution of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Antibody-dependent enhancement of virus infection and disease The role of IgG subclass of mouse monoclonal antibodies in antibody-dependent enhancement of feline infectious peritonitis virus infection of feline macrophages Localization of antigenic sites of the S glycoprotein of feline infectious peritonitis virus involved in neutralization and antibody-dependent enhancement Antibody-dependent enhancement of feline infectious peritonitis virus infection in feline alveolar macrophages and human monocyte cell line U937 by serum of cats experimentally or naturally infected with feline coronavirus Interferon alfacon-1 plus corticosteroids in severe acute respiratory syndrome: a preliminary study Development and characterisation of neutralising monoclonal antibody to the SARS-coronavirus Identification of an antigenie determinant on the S2 domain of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike glycoprotein capable of inducing neutralizing antibodies Synthesis and characterization of a native, oligomeric form of recombinant severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike glycoprotein Inactivation of the coronavirus that induces severe acute respiratory syndrome, SARS-CoV Subcutaneously injected UV-inactivated SARS coronavirus vaccine elicits systemic humoral immunity in mice Inactivated SARS-CoV vaccine prepared from whole virus induces a high level of neutralizing antibodies in BALB/c mice Immune responses in Balb/c mice induced by a candidate SARS-CoV inactivated vaccine prepared from F69 strain Assembly of human severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-like particles Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein expressed by attenuated vaccinia virus protectively immunizes mice Immunization with modified vaccinia virus Ankara-based recombinant vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome is associated with enhanced hepatitis in ferrets Effects of a SARS-associated coronavirus vaccine in monkeys Retroviral vectors pseudotyped with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus S protein Induction of SARS-nucleoprotein-specific immune response by use of DNA vaccine DNA vaccine of SARS-CoV S gene induces antibody response in mice A DNA vaccine induces SARS coronavirus neutralization and protective immunity in mice Characterization of humoral responses in mice immunized with plasmid DNAs encoding SARS-CoV spike gene fragments Generation and characterization of DNA vaccines targeting the nucleocapsid protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Reverse genetics with a full-length infectious cDNA of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus SARS CTL vaccine candidates; HLA supertype-, genome-wide scanning and biochemical validation Kanta Subbarao, Edward Tabor, Miriam Darnell, Robin Levis and Hira Nakhasi are gratefully acknowledged for comments on the manuscript. [12] noted that a rapid decline of T-cell subsets in the periphery was observed in patients during the acute phase of SARS infection, but they observed restoration of T cells during recovery.
    keywords: animal; coronavirus; cov; disease; infection; mice; protein; sars; syndrome; vaccine; virus
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        item: #417 of 5187
          id: cord-255738-r8zfdsix
      author: Ge, Feng
       title: Derivation of a novel SARS–coronavirus replicon cell line and its application for anti-SARS drug screening
        date: 2007-03-30
       words: 5115
      flesch: 41
     summary: This SARS-associated replicon cell line is based on the use of SARS replicon cDNAs generated by reverse genetic techniques. Thus, these data indicate that although replicon cells may express sufficient GFP-BlaR to survive blasticidin selection, the amount of GFP BlaR protein was insufficient to be detected by flow cytometry.
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; cov; et al; expression; gene; line; replicon; replicon rna; rna; sars
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        item: #418 of 5187
          id: cord-255752-ofph98ac
      author: Chegondi, Madhuradhar
       title: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Associated With Febrile Status Epilepticus in a Child
        date: 2020-08-18
       words: 1618
      flesch: 52
     summary: In the United States, 1.7% of all confirmed COVID-19 cases are children (≤18 years), and 5%-20% of them were hospitalized [4] . Neurological involvement in COVID-19 patients has been described.
    keywords: children; coronavirus; covid-19; hcov; seizures
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        item: #419 of 5187
          id: cord-255755-5jccb3nh
      author: Saha, Sovan
       title: Detection of spreader nodes and ranking of interacting edges in Human-SARS-CoV protein interaction network
        date: 2020-04-23
       words: 3670
      flesch: 54
     summary: key: cord-255755-5jccb3nh authors: Saha, Sovan; Chatterjee, Piyali; Basu, Subhadip; Nasipuri, Mita title: Detection of spreader nodes and ranking of interacting edges in Human-SARS-CoV protein interaction network date: 2020-04-23 journal: bioRxiv DOI: 10.1101/2020.04.12.038216 sha: doc_id: 255755 cord_uid: 5jccb3nh It has been reported that SARS-CoV has ∼89% genetic similarities with n-CoV. With this hypothesis, the current work focuses on the identification of spreader nodes in SARS-CoV protein interaction network.
    keywords: cov; edges; level; network; nodes; sars; spreader
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        item: #420 of 5187
          id: cord-255774-ux3c3dzf
      author: Zhong, H.
       title: Characterization of Microbial Co-infections in the Respiratory Tract of hospitalized COVID-19 patients
        date: 2020-07-05
       words: 2904
      flesch: 34
     summary: Findings Notably, respiratory microbial co-infections were exclusively found in 84.6% of severely ill patients (11/13), among which viral and bacterial co-infections were detected by sequencing in 30.8% (4/13) and 69.2% (9/13) of the patients, respectively. Co-infection rates, the prevalence and abundance of microbial communities in these COVID-19 patients were determined.
    keywords: appendix; cases; figure; infections; microbial; patients
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        item: #421 of 5187
          id: cord-255782-w6nfkdok
      author: Chikhale, Rupesh V.
       title: Sars-cov-2 host entry and replication inhibitors from Indian ginseng: an in-silico approach
        date: 2020-06-22
       words: 5664
      flesch: 41
     summary: Though docking studies give reasonable predictions of binding modes of ligands and estimates of binding free energy, the effects of biological environments such as aqueous medium, temperature, pressure and ionic composition of the system are not accounted for docking results. In such situations, MD studies can give accurate predictions of binding modes and estimates of binding free energies.
    keywords: binding; docking; energy; et al; interactions; ligand; protein; qgrg; residues; rmsd; sars; spike
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        item: #422 of 5187
          id: cord-255791-ghrlj6b2
      author: Pruijssers, Andrea J.
       title: Remdesivir potently inhibits SARS-CoV-2 in human lung cells and chimeric SARS-CoV expressing the SARS-CoV-2 RNA polymerase in mice
        date: 2020-04-27
       words: 3469
      flesch: 41
     summary: 159 To determine whether RDV exerts antiviral 160 effect on SARS-CoV-2 in vivo, we constructed a chimeric mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-1 variant encoding 161 the target of RDV antiviral activity, the RdRp, of SARS-CoV-2 (SARS1/SARS2-RdRp) (Fig. 5A) . The lowest levels of RDV-TP were observed following RDV treatment of Vero E6 cells and were 146 approximately 4-and 20-fold lower than those observed in Calu3 2B4 and HAE cultures, respectively.
    keywords: antiviral; cells; coronavirus; cultures; ec50; fig; human; rdv; sars
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        item: #423 of 5187
          id: cord-255872-e2b7ox6b
      author: Sallam, M.
       title: Temporal increase in D614G mutation of SARS-CoV-2 in the Middle East and North Africa: Phylogenetic and mutation analysis study
        date: 2020-08-25
       words: 5132
      flesch: 46
     summary: The emergence of D614G and its increasing prevalence have been reported by several published papers and preprints including a report from North Africa by Laamarti et al., albeit with a fewer number of sequences than the one analyzed in the current study (Gong et al., 2020; Kim et al., 2020b; Laamarti et al., 2020; Maitra et al., 2020) . Some of these mutations appeared to have a significant epidemiologic value, with the replacement of aspartic acid by glycine at position 614 of the spike glycoprotein (D614G), which is associated with a higher viral shedding and increased infectivity (Korber et al., 2020; Maitra et al., 2020; Zhang et al., 2020) .
    keywords: analysis; cov-2; et al; license; medrxiv; mena; preprint; sars; sequences
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        item: #424 of 5187
          id: cord-255883-mz6nyisw
      author: Asif, Muhammad
       title: COVID-19 and therapy with essential oils having antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties
        date: 2020-08-14
       words: 5302
      flesch: 35
     summary: After the emergence of shreds of preliminary scientific evidences about anti-SARC-CoV-2 potentials of essential oils and their active components, various essential oils selling and extraction companies claimed about efficacy of their essential oils bearing products against COVID-19. MicrobiologyOpen 6:e00459 Safety of essential oils Relaxant effects of the essential oil of Eucalyptus tereticornis and its main constituent 1,8-cineole on guinea-pig tracheal smooth muscle Menthol: effects on nasal sensation of airflow and the drive to breathe SARS-CoV-2 RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) targeting: an in silico perspective Structurally related monoterpenes p-cymene, carvacrol and thymol isolated from essential oil from leaves of Lippia sidoides Cham.
    keywords: cells; cov-2; covid-19; effects; eos; et al; eucalyptus; oils; sarc; sars; study; virus
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        item: #425 of 5187
          id: cord-255888-znfgh78m
      author: Fisher, Dale
       title: Seeding of outbreaks of COVID-19 by contaminated fresh and frozen food
        date: 2020-08-18
       words: 1819
      flesch: 52
     summary: Efforts to avert the risk of COVID-19 outbreaks seeded by contaminated food must begin at the source; that is food processing premises. While it can be confidently argued that transmission via contaminated food is not a major infection route, the potential for movement of contaminated items to a region with no COVID-19 and initiate an outbreak is an important hypothesis.
    keywords: cov-2; food; sars
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        item: #426 of 5187
          id: cord-255895-6at9gelt
      author: Han, Namshik
       title: Identification of SARS-CoV-2 induced pathways reveal drug repurposing strategies
        date: 2020-08-25
       words: 4746
      flesch: 43
     summary: Our data-driven unsupervised approach and biological validation has uncovered 160 approved drugs not currently in clinical trials, which can be investigated immediately for repurposing and two drugs that show promise as anti-viral drugs. We constructed a SARS-CoV-2-induced protein (SIP) network, based on disease signatures defined by COVID-19 multi-omic datasets(Bojkova et al., 2020; Gordon et al., 2020), and cross-examined these pathways against approved drugs.
    keywords: analysis; covid-19; drugs; figure; infection; network; pathways; proteins; replication; sars; sip; sulfasalazine
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        item: #427 of 5187
          id: cord-255907-t7gpi2vo
      author: Xu, Yifei
       title: Unveiling the Origin and Transmission of 2019-nCoV
        date: 2020-02-24
       words: 1356
      flesch: 51
     summary: key: cord-255907-t7gpi2vo authors: Xu, Yifei title: Unveiling the Origin and Transmission of 2019-nCoV date: 2020-02-24 journal: Trends Microbiol DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2020.02.001 sha: doc_id: 255907 cord_uid: t7gpi2vo While our memory of the fatal severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) has not faded, a third, novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is coming into the spotlight.
    keywords: coronavirus; human; ncov
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        item: #428 of 5187
          id: cord-255909-m94j1rh4
      author: Shree, Priya
       title: Targeting COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) main protease through active phytochemicals of ayurvedic medicinal plants – Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha), Tinospora cordifolia (Giloy) and Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi) – a molecular docking study
        date: 2020-08-27
       words: 5501
      flesch: 36
     summary: Most of biological action contributed by Withaferin-A and Withanolide D, along with Withanoside I-VII, new Withanolide Glycosides, extracted from its roots (Matsuda et al., 2001) . Withanoside V is a glycoside obtained from W. somnifera roots, reported to have tachyphylaxis inhibition activity (Matsuda et al., 2001) .
    keywords: binding; cordifolia; covid-19; kcal; mol; pro; protease; sars; somnifera; study
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        item: #429 of 5187
          id: cord-255913-430lrbyx
      author: Brufsky, Adam
       title: DC/L‐SIGNs of Hope in the COVID‐19 Pandemic
        date: 2020-05-06
       words: 1520
      flesch: 39
     summary: RNA expression profiling studies demonstrate that human DC express the ACE2 receptor for SARS-CoV-2 4 . DC-SIGN mediates binding of these pseudotyped vectors to human DC with uptake into the endosome, followed by polarization of the endosome and delivery of the virus in an infectious synapse 11 .
    keywords: cov-2; sars; sign; spike
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        item: #430 of 5187
          id: cord-255940-chb4iuis
      author: Walton, David A.
       title: Facility-Level Approaches for COVID-19 When Caseload Surpasses Surge Capacity
        date: 2020-06-26
       words: 1802
      flesch: 37
     summary: 8, 9 Modeling by Cornell University and Oxford University projects up to 430,000 people in Haiti might require hospitalization, which would require more than 9,000 additional hospital beds 10 ; however, fewer than 300 hospital beds are currently available for COVID-19 patients. Haiti offers one example, but other countries have experienced similar challenges with vulnerable populations, often leveraging unique solutions to add additional bed capacity for COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: care; covid-19; health; patients; testing
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        item: #431 of 5187
          id: cord-255972-u7v0es5w
      author: Hashikawa, Andrew
       title: Child Care in the Time of COVID-19: A Period of Challenge and Opportunity.
        date: 2020-07-17
       words: 4039
      flesch: 42
     summary: JAMA Pediatr COVID-19 Planning Considerations: Guidance for School Re-entry Effect of infection control measures on the frequency of upper respiratory infection in child care: a randomized, controlled trial Appropriate time-interval application of alcohol hand gel on reducing influenzalike illness among preschool children: A randomized, controlled trial An open randomized controlled trial of infection prevention in child day-care centers Transmission and control of infections in out-of-home child care Infectious diseases in early education and child care programs COVID-19) Information for Pediatric Healthcare Providers COVID-19 in Children, Pregnancy and Neonates: A Review of Epidemiologic and Clinical Features Clinical accuracy of a non-contact infrared skin thermometer in paediatric practice. 3. Increase health support for child care programs.
    keywords: care; child; children; covid-19; ece; health; pandemic; programs; sars
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        item: #432 of 5187
          id: cord-255997-oer5lxxr
      author: Onodi, Fanny
       title: SARS-CoV-2 induces activation and diversification of human plasmacytoid pre-dendritic cells
        date: 2020-07-10
       words: 4250
      flesch: 44
     summary: First, we asked whether SARS-CoV-2 was able to induce pDC activation, and diversification into IFNproducing and/or T cell stimulating effectors, as we previously described for influenza virus A (Flu) (Alculumbre et al., 2018) . PDC activation and diversification was observed with two independent primary SARS-CoV-2 strains (Fig 1C) , which both induced similar proportions of P1-P3 subsets.
    keywords: activation; cells; cov-2; fig; ifn; infection; pdc; production; sars; type
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        item: #433 of 5187
          id: cord-256020-wrui3i2l
      author: Fadaka, Adewale Oluwaseun
       title: Understanding the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and management of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-08-26
       words: 7116
      flesch: 43
     summary: Certain classes of compounds, called surfactants, are contained in soap and have the ability to neutralize microbes such as SARS CoV-2. A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China A novel coronavirus emerging in China-key questions for impact assessment Recent insights into the biology of pancreatic cancer Paracrine and cell autonomous signalling in pancreatic cancer progression and metastasis Current and emerging therapies for patients with advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a bright future SARS and other coronaviruses as causes of pneumonia Isolation and characterization of SARS-CoV-2 from the first US COVID-19 patient Potential maternal and infant outcomes from coronavirus 2019-nCoV (SARS-CoV-2) infecting pregnant women: Lessons from SARS, MERS, and other human coronavirus infections Subunit vaccines against emerging pathogenic human coronaviruses Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding Viral and cellular mRNA translation in coronavirus-infected cells Molecular evolution of human coronavirus genomes From SARS to MERS, thrusting coronaviruses into the spotlight A complete sequence and comparative analysis of a SARS-associated virus (isolate BJ01) Ultrastructural characterization of SARS coronavirus The genome sequence of the SARS-associated coronavirus Asymptomatic cases in a family cluster with SARS-CoV-2 infection Bat origin of human coronaviruses Isolation and growth characterization of novel full length and deletion mutant human MERS-CoV strains from clinical specimens collected during Middle East Respiratory Syndrome: Emergence of a pathogenic human coronavirus Cryo-electron tomography of mouse hepatitis virus: insights into the structure of the coronavirion Supramolecular architecture of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus revealed by electron cryomicroscopy The coronavirus spike protein is a class I virus fusion protein: structural and functional characterization of the fusion core complex
    keywords: cases; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; covs; disease; figure; human; infection; mers; novel; patients; protein; receptor; sars; symptoms
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        item: #434 of 5187
          id: cord-256023-21b5hanj
      author: Dowdell, A. K.
       title: Genomic heterogeneity and clinical characterization of SARS-CoV-2 in Oregon
        date: 2020-08-04
       words: 3832
      flesch: 49
     summary: The identification of known functional variants in SARS-CoV-2 is of particular importance, especially given recent data showing increased infectivity and rapid spread of the D614G variant across the United States and worldwide. To further test possible correlations between genotype and patient outcomes, we assessed the predictive value of other prevalent SARS-CoV-2 variants identified in the cohort.
    keywords: august; author; license; medrxiv; perpetuity; preprint; sars
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        item: #435 of 5187
          id: cord-256051-87alqfkd
      author: Revzin, Margarita V.
       title: Multisystem Imaging Manifestations of COVID-19, Part 1: Viral Pathogenesis and Pulmonary and Vascular System Complications
        date: 2020-10-01
       words: 8866
      flesch: 29
     summary: The procoagulant pattern of patients with COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome Hypercoagulability of COVID-19 patients in intensive care unit: A report of thromboelastography findings and other parameters of hemostasis Thromboinflammation and the hypercoagulability of COVID-19 Advance in the Management of Sepsis-Induced Coagulopathy and Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation Difference of coagulation features between severe pneumonia induced by SARS-CoV2 and non-SARS-CoV2 Complement associated microvascular injury and thrombosis in the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19 infection: A report of five cases Cardiovascular Considerations for Patients, Health Care Workers, and Health Systems During the COVID-19 Pandemic Indirect CT Venography at 80 kVp with Sinogram-Affirmed Iterative Reconstruction Compared to 120 kVp with Filtered Back Projection: Assessment of Image Quality and Radiation Dose Combined Direct and Indirect CT Venography (Combined CTV) in Detecting Lower Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis Confirmation of the high cumulative incidence of thrombotic complications in critically ill ICU patients with COVID-19: An updated analysis Prevalence of venous thromboembolism in patients with severe novel coronavirus pneumonia Incidence of venous thromboembolism in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 D-dimer is Associated with Severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019: Chest radiography is a less sensitive modality for the detection of COVID-19 lung disease when compared with that CT, with a reported baseline chest radiography sensitivity of 69% (64).
    keywords: ards; cases; chest; complications; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; fig; findings; imaging; infection; lung; patients; pneumonia; sars
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        item: #436 of 5187
          id: cord-256075-fudeaq7y
      author: Audo, Andrea
       title: Acute Pulmonary Embolism in SARS-CoV-2 Infection Treated with Surgical Embolectomy
        date: 2020-04-28
       words: 754
      flesch: 26
     summary: Urgent echocardiography showed a severe dysfunction of the right cardiac chambers highly suggestive for acute pulmonary embolism (PE). Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Critical Care Utilization for the COVID-19 Early Experience and Forecast During an Emergency Response The response of Milan's Emergency Medical System to the COVID-19 outbreak in Italy ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of acute pulmonary embolism developed in collaboration with the Current Management of Acute Pulmonary Embolism Management of massive and submassive pulmonary embolism, iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis, and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: a scientific statement from the
    keywords: cov-2; embolism; sars
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        item: #437 of 5187
          id: cord-256092-bph9ys72
      author: Hussain, Aneela N.
       title: Role of testosterone in COVID-19 patients - a double-edged sword?
        date: 2020-09-17
       words: 1576
      flesch: 33
     summary: Low testosterone levels in males have a direct correlation with the high probability of ICU admission and the worse disease outcome (ARDS, duration of ICU stay, mortality). Low testosterone levels in males have a direct correlation with the high probability of ICU admission and the worse disease outcome (ARDS, duration of ICU stay, mortality).
    keywords: covid-19; levels; patients; testosterone
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        item: #438 of 5187
          id: cord-256109-dkp0fwe3
      author: Mazzulli, Tony
       title: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome–associated Coronavirus in Lung Tissue
        date: 2004-01-17
       words: 2564
      flesch: 47
     summary: The clinical description and RT-PCR results for the 11 patients with probable SARS from whom postmortem lung tissue samples were examined are summarized in Table 1 . By contrast, the sensitivity and specificity of the RealArt HPA-Coronavirus RT-PCR assay for detecting CoV in lung tissue samples appear to be excellent.
    keywords: cov; lung; patients; respiratory; samples; sars; tissue
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        item: #439 of 5187
          id: cord-256146-d599uera
      author: Kuiken, Thijs
       title: Newly discovered coronavirus as the primary cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome
        date: 2003-07-26
       words: 5704
      flesch: 43
     summary: Replication in SARS-CoV-infected macaques of pneumonia similar to that in human beings with SARS, combined with the high prevalence of SARS-CoV infection in SARS patients, fulfill the criteria required to prove that SARS-CoV is the primary cause of SARS. Collectively, these results of laboratory studies of SARS patients and experimental infections of macaques prove that the newly discovered SARS-CoV is the primary causal agent of SARS.
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; cov; human; infection; lung; macaques; metapneumovirus; patients; pcr; samples; sars; virus
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        item: #440 of 5187
          id: cord-256147-lfwytlj3
      author: Gabriella, di Mauro
       title: SARS-Cov-2 infection: response of human immune system and possible implications for the rapid test and treatment
        date: 2020-04-16
       words: 1648
      flesch: 45
     summary: Apart from tocilizumab, which counteracts inflammatory phenomena deriving mainly from activities of IL-6, other drugs, mainly represented by antivirals (the combined treatment lopinavir/ritonavir, remdesivir, favipiravir, umifenovir), are currently under evaluation for the treatment of SARS-Cov-2 [3] . SARS and other coronaviruses as causes of pneumonia The origin, transmission and clinical therapies on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak -an
    keywords: cov-2; infection; sars; specific
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        item: #441 of 5187
          id: cord-256152-8wla6ne4
      author: Zeng, Xiang
       title: Conducting Research During the COVID-19 Pandemic: How Scientific Community Should be Prepared?
        date: 2020-05-18
       words: 776
      flesch: 46
     summary: Our scientific community should uphold the attitude of objectivity and impartiality during research process and the subsequent peer-review process, so as to remain a scientific question as it is. The public respect unbiased scientific findings only because they respect the law of nature.
    keywords: infection; research; sars
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        item: #442 of 5187
          id: cord-256156-mywhe6w9
      author: Clausen, Thomas Mandel
       title: SARS-CoV-2 Infection Depends on Cellular Heparan Sulfate and ACE2
        date: 2020-09-14
       words: 8996
      flesch: 49
     summary: To explore if HS, ACE2 and spike interact at the cell surface, we investigated the impact of ACE2 expression on S protein cell binding. Bound protein was washed with buffer and eluted with 0.2 M imidazole in washing buffer.
    keywords: ace2; binding; cells; cov-2; et al; fig; heparin; human; infection; protein; r n; rbd; sars; site; spike; sulfate; surface; virus
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        item: #443 of 5187
          id: cord-256217-fnjer0e0
      author: Neri, Piergiorgio
       title: COVID-19 and the eye immunity: lesson learned from the past and possible new therapeutic insights
        date: 2020-04-20
       words: 1931
      flesch: 37
     summary: In addition, early use of steroids seems to exert a more than promising control of inflammatory response in other severe viral diseases [14] . Tocilizumab was used as a rescue treatment in a series of patients affected by severe interstitial pneumonia by Zhang et al.
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; disease; immune; sars
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        item: #444 of 5187
          id: cord-256224-qprj8vlc
      author: Boixeda, R.
       title: Is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease a protective factor in SARS-CoV-2 infection? The importance of bronchodilator treatment()
        date: 2020-09-26
       words: 1403
      flesch: 39
     summary: We compared the baseline treatment of patients with COPD in our COVID-19 cohort with other published series of patients with hospital admission due to COPD exacerbation related to other respiratory pathogens or those in stable clinical condition. In a systematic review of infections in patients with COPD that required hospital admission, it was observed that the rhinovirus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and influenza virus were the most prevalent agents, followed by parainfluenza and coronavirus.
    keywords: copd; corticosteroids; infection; patients; sars
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        item: #445 of 5187
          id: cord-256233-k9hdq3z8
      author: Lipsky, Martin S.
       title: Men and COVID-19: A Pathophysiologic Review
        date: 2020-09-16
       words: 4625
      flesch: 38
     summary: Inflammatory cytokines have a central role in the progression of COVID-19 infection. Several studies demonstrate that hypogonadism is associated with increased proinflammatory cytokines and that testosterone may play a role in regulating the cascade of events leading to progression of COVID-19 infection due to the cytokine storm (Mohamad et al., 2019) .
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; differences; disease; et al; men; sars; sex; women
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        item: #446 of 5187
          id: cord-256270-7e8zlt3t
      author: Choy, Ka-Tim
       title: Remdesivir, lopinavir, emetine, and homoharringtonine inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication in vitro
        date: 2020-04-03
       words: 2752
      flesch: 27
     summary: Antiviral compounds previously reported to show effect against SARS-CoV or other coronaviruses may be effective against SARS-CoV-2 (Chu et al., 2004; de Wilde et al., 2014; Dyall et al., 2014; Shen et al., 2019; Cao et al., 2015) . After 48 h incubation at 37°C, supernatants were collected to quantify viral loads by TCID 50 assay or quantitative real-time RT-PCR (TaqMan™ Fast Virus 1-Step Master Mix) following the methods described (Chu et al., 2020) .
    keywords: compounds; lopinavir; remdesivir; ritonavir; sars; virus
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        item: #447 of 5187
          id: cord-256300-emsvxxs5
      author: Tortorici, M. Alejandra
       title: Structural insights into coronavirus entry
        date: 2019-08-22
       words: 6551
      flesch: 22
     summary: A common feature observed in the glycosylation patterns of S glycoproteins is the presence of less densely glycosylated regions surrounding the S 1 /S 2 cleavage site and the conserved fusion peptide, near the S 2 ' cleavage site, probably to allow access to activating host proteases and for membrane fusion to take place (Walls et al., 2016b; Walls et al., 2019) (Fig. 5) . Proteolysis at the conserved S 2 ' site is essential for fusion activation of all characterized CoV S proteins, and it can occur at the host membrane or in internal cellular compartments of the target cell (Belouzard et al., 2009; Burkard et al., 2014; Millet and Whittaker, 2015; Park et al., 2016) .
    keywords: binding; coronavirus; cov; covs; domain; entry; et al; fusion; human; mers; protein; receptor; sars; spike; walls et
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        item: #448 of 5187
          id: cord-256303-bpa571ys
      author: Hotez, Peter J.
       title: Will COVID-19 become the next neglected tropical disease?
        date: 2020-04-10
       words: 565
      flesch: 50
     summary: Currently, the major low-and middle-income nations such as Bangladesh, Brazil, Democratic Republic of Congo, India, Indonesia, Mexico, Nigeria, Pakistan, Philippines, and South Africa, as well as Central American and other nations are beginning to report an increase in COVID-19 cases, but the numbers are still relatively small. Based on the levels of illness we have seen to date in the Northern Hemisphere, we are especially worried about the fate of thousands of dedicated doctors, nurses, and other health care providers.
    keywords: covid-19; nations
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        item: #449 of 5187
          id: cord-256307-2b1vlda8
      author: Bhardwaj, Vijay Kumar
       title: Evaluation of acridinedione analogs as potential SARS-CoV-2 main protease inhibitors and their comparison with repurposed anti-viral drugs
        date: 2020-11-12
       words: 4560
      flesch: 46
     summary: The FDA approved anti-HIV drug molecules Atazanavir, Saquinavir, Indinavir, and anti-HCV Ciluprevir, Glecaprevir, were recovered from PubChem. In the process of bond formation or protein and ligand association, energy is released and is described in the form of binding energy [55] .
    keywords: binding; cov-2; drugs; dspd; energy; molecules; mpro; protein; saquinavir; sars
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        item: #450 of 5187
          id: cord-256351-q8lkhklw
      author: Di Giorgio, Angelo
       title: Health status of patients with Autoimmune Liver Disease during SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in northern Italy
        date: 2020-05-12
       words: 1380
      flesch: 38
     summary: Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study Specific ACE2 Expression in Cholangiocytes May Cause Liver Damage After 2019-nCoV Infection The Facts During the Third Epidemic Uneventful course in IBD patients during SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in northern Italy Highlights for management of patients with Autoimmune Liver Disease during COVID-19 pandemia Risk Factors Associated With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Death in Patients With Coronavirus Disease Report 13 -Estimating the number of infections and the impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions on COVID-19 in 11 European countries: Imperial College London Care of patients with liver disease during the COVID-19 pandemic: EASL-ESCMID Position Paper Liver injury in COVID-19: management and challenges COVID-19)Treatment Guidelines Interestingly, we found that the observed incidence of cases in our cohort of patients was not different from the estimated incidence in the general population, suggesting that AILD patients are not more susceptible to COVID-19 than the general population (7).
    keywords: covid-19; disease; liver; patients
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        item: #451 of 5187
          id: cord-256374-l492w2i2
      author: Mackler, Niklas
       title: Will First-Responders Show Up for Work During a Pandemic? Lessons From a Smallpox Vaccination Survey of Paramedics
        date: 2007-05-22
       words: 2369
      flesch: 54
     summary: Every effort must be made to protect first-responders from pandemic influenza and educate them about it. Every effort must be made to protect first-responders from pandemic influenza and educate them about it.
    keywords: duty; influenza; pandemic; vaccine
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        item: #452 of 5187
          id: cord-256375-f4vrcjr1
      author: Cabrera Muras, Antonio
       title: Bilateral Facial Nerve Palsy associated with COVID‐19 and Epstein‐Barr Virus co‐infection
        date: 2020-09-30
       words: 582
      flesch: 45
     summary: Bilateral facial palsy is a rare entity, accounting for 0.3 to 2% of all peripheral facial palsies One of the reported patients had isolated bilateral facial palsy and was interpreted as a variant of GBS know as bifacial weakness with paresthesias [6] .
    keywords: infection; palsy
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        item: #453 of 5187
          id: cord-256385-g1wcfrfi
      author: Badraoui, Riadh
       title: Acute respiratory distress syndrome: a life threatening associated complication of SARS-CoV-2 infection inducing COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-05
       words: 6081
      flesch: 37
     summary: The damaged endothelia show much more permeability to both water and proteins (exudate) and disrupt the alveolar capillary barrier (Kao et al., 2015; Vasudevan et al., 2004) . Reich et al., 2008; Yang et al., 2015;
    keywords: ace2; acute; ards; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; et al; infection; protein; receptor; sars; syndrome
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        item: #454 of 5187
          id: cord-256458-3fyul3k2
      author: Kolikonda, Murali Krishnan
       title: Association of Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Stroke: A Rising Concern
        date: 2020-08-13
       words: 1170
      flesch: 37
     summary: There is an association between COVID-19 illness in people and acute stroke. Is our COVID-19-focused health care system and media currently providing less attention to other serious conditions and emergencies like acute stroke? Medical facilities are encountering unusually long delays before patients seek attention for acute emergencies
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; patients; stroke
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        item: #455 of 5187
          id: cord-256497-kyer0zjx
      author: Leyendecker, Pierre
       title: Acute adrenal infarction as an incidental CT finding and a potential prognosis factor in severe SARS-CoV-2 infection: a retrospective cohort analysis on 219 patients
        date: 2020-08-27
       words: 2781
      flesch: 44
     summary: • Retrospective • Case-control study • Performed at one institution SARS-CoV-2 and viral sepsis: observations and hypotheses COVID-19 cytokine storm: the interplay between inflammation and coagulation Use of glucocorticoids in patients with adrenal insufficiency and COVID-19 infection Sequential adrenal infarction without MRI-detectable hemorrhage in primary antiphospholipid-antibody syndrome Acute nonhemorrhagic adrenal infarction in pregnancy: 10-year MRI incidence and patient outcomes at a single institution Bilateral adrenal infarction, hypoadrenalism and splinter haemorrhages in the primary antiphospholipid syndrome Bilateral adrenal infarction in Crohn's disease Value of the CT capsular sign as a potential indicator of acute adrenal ischemia Diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of thromboembolic complications in COVID-19: report of the National Institute for Public Health of the Netherlands COVID-19 patients and the radiology department -advice from the European Society of Radiology (ESR) and the European Society of Thoracic Imaging (ESTI) Chest CT manifestations of new coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a pictorial review Relation between chest CT findings and clinical conditions of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pneumonia: a multicenter study Endothelial cell infection and endotheliitis in COVID-19 Acute pulmonary embolism in COVID-19 patients on CT angiography and relationship to D-dimer levels Abnormal coagulation parameters are associated with poor prognosis in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus. These would favor a systemic disease spread related to a high activation of blood coagulation, as seen in severe COVID-19 patients secondary to a systemic inflammatory response syndrome
    keywords: aai; adrenal; chest; cov-2; covid-19; patients; sars
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        item: #456 of 5187
          id: cord-256500-nlavfnpt
      author: Zhang, Dan
       title: COVID-19 infection induces readily detectable morphological and inflammation-related phenotypic changes in peripheral blood monocytes, the severity of which correlate with patient outcome
        date: 2020-03-26
       words: 3506
      flesch: 42
     summary: A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor Pathogenic human coronavirus infections: causes and consequences of cytokine storm and immunopathology Dysregulated Type I Interferon and Inflammatory Monocyte-Macrophage Responses Cause Lethal Pneumonia in SARS-CoV-Infected Mice A pathological report of three COVID-19 cases by minimally invasive autopsies SARS-coronavirus replication in human peripheral monocytes/macrophages SARS coronavirus spike protein-induced innate immune response occurs via activation of the NF-kappaB pathway in human monocyte macrophages in vitro SARS-CoV regulates immune function-related gene expression in human monocytic cells Aberrant pathogenic GM-CSF + T cells and inflammatory CD14 + CD16 + monocytes in severe pulmonary syndrome patients of a new coronavirus Pathogenic T cells and inflammatory monocytes incite inflammatory storm in severe COVID-19 patients The landscape of lung bronchoalveolar immune cells in COVID-19 revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing Clinical experience of IL-6 blockade in rheumatic diseases -implications on IL-6 biology and disease pathogenesis Toxicity and management in CAR T-cell therapy Effective Treatment of Severe COVID-19 Patients with Tocilizumab COVID-19: consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression Interleukin-1 Receptor Blockade Is Associated With Reduced Mortality in Sepsis Patients With Features of Macrophage Activation Syndrome: Reanalysis of a Prior Phase III Trial Baricitinib as potential treatment for 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease No reuse allowed without permission. 24.20042655 doi: medRxiv preprint To investigate the potential effects of FSC-low monocytes and FSC-low/FSC-high monocytes on the discharge of COVID-19 patients from hospital, we performed Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.
    keywords: covid-19; fsc; high; monocytes; patients; preprint; sars
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        item: #457 of 5187
          id: cord-256508-ce59ovan
      author: Asselah, Tarik
       title: COVID-19: discovery, diagnostics and drug development
        date: 2020-10-08
       words: 9235
      flesch: 42
     summary: If RT-qPCR-based molecular assays for detecting SARS CoV-2 in respiratory specimens remain the current reference standard for diagnosis, point-of care technologies, and serologic immunoassays have also rapidly emerged [57] Indeed, antibodies to this protein are frequently detected in COVID-19 patient [64]
    keywords: antibodies; cell; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; drug; human; immune; infection; liver; patients; remdesivir; samples; sars; study; testing; tests; treatment; virus
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        item: #458 of 5187
          id: cord-256537-axbyav1m
      author: Kimball, Ann Marie
       title: Emergence of Novel Human Infections: New Insights and New Challenges
        date: 2016-10-24
       words: 4980
      flesch: 47
     summary: New human infections have continued to come forth over the last decade. So what explains the apparent increased pace of emergence of new human infections?
    keywords: cases; countries; disease; emergence; health; human; infections; influenza; new; pandemic; sars
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        item: #459 of 5187
          id: cord-256556-1zea3wa1
      author: Lou, Yan
       title: Clinical Outcomes and Plasma Concentrations of Baloxavir Marboxil and Favipiravir in COVID-19 Patients: An Exploratory Randomized, Controlled Trial
        date: 2020-10-25
       words: 4234
      flesch: 43
     summary: To determine whether the apparent lack of benefits by the addition of either baloxavir marboxil or favipiravir is related to their pharmacological exposure in the COVID-19 patients, drug concentrations were measured in the patients. This study aims to evaluate the clinical outcomes and plasma concentrations of baloxavir acid and favipiravir in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: baloxavir; concentrations; covid-19; favipiravir; group; marboxil; patients; treatment; trial
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        item: #460 of 5187
          id: cord-256572-sqz8yc7b
      author: Huo, Jiandong
       title: Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 by destruction of the prefusion Spike
        date: 2020-05-06
       words: 5392
      flesch: 48
     summary: Whilst this work was being prepared for publication a paper reporting that CR3022 does not neutralise SARS-CoV-2 and describing the structure of the complex with the RBD at 3.1 Å resolution was published (Yuan et al., 2020) . (Yuan et al., 2020) .
    keywords: ace2; antibody; binding; cov-2; cr3022; epitope; et al; figure; rbd; receptor; sars; spike; structure
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        item: #461 of 5187
          id: cord-256633-vls23fu5
      author: Dimeglio, Chloé
       title: The SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence is the key factor for deconfinement in France
        date: 2020-04-29
       words: 1338
      flesch: 58
     summary: We have designed a model for predicting the evolution of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in France, which is based on seroprevalence and makes it possible to anticipate the deconfinement strategy. We have developed a method for measuring how seroprevalence affects the deconfinement strategy in France.
    keywords: cov-2; sars; seroprevalence
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        item: #462 of 5187
          id: cord-256688-yy7abob9
      author: Chavez, Summer
       title: Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): A primer for emergency physicians
        date: 2020-03-24
       words: 6440
      flesch: 47
     summary: COVID-19 pushing Italian ICUs toward collapse Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) flowchart for healthcare professionals A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster Clinical characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with digestive symptoms in Hubei, China: a descriptive, cross-sectional, multicenter study Clinical management of severe acute respiratory infection when novel coronavirus (nCoV) infection is suspected COVID-19) Interim Infection Prevention and Control Recommendations Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) healthcare infection prevention and control FAQs for COVID-19 COVID-19: what is next for public health? COVID-19): evaluating and testing persons for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) evaluating and reporting PUI COVID-19) Interim Guidance for Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Systems and 911 Public Safety Answering Points (PSAPs) for COVID-19 in the United States Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection control Surviving sepsis campaign: guidelines on the management of critically ill adults with Coronavirus Disease Infection prevention and control for coronavirus disease (COVID-19): interim guidance for acute healthcare settings Anesthesia Patient Safety Foundation Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Testing Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) information for laboratories COVID-19 requests for diagnostic panels and virus COVID-19) interim guidelines for collecting, handling, and testing clinical specimens from persons under investigation (PUIs) for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in different types of clinical specimens Correlation of chest CT and RT-PCR testing in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China: a report of 1014 cases. Up to 94% of COVID-19 cases were reported to originate from Hubei Province in December 2019; as of March 2020, the greatest number of new cases are now being reported in Italy, Spain, Germany, and the United States (U.S.) (Figs. 3 and 4)
    keywords: cases; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; emergency; health; infection; ncov; novel; patients; pneumonia; risk; sars; study; symptoms
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        item: #463 of 5187
          id: cord-256699-d2tf2g7f
      author: Brochot, Etienne
       title: Comparison of different serological assays for SARS-CoV-2 in real life
        date: 2020-08-02
       words: 1864
      flesch: 43
     summary: In addition, more than 50 days after a positive PCR for CoV-2-SARS the proportion of positive patients seem to decrease. We For these 168 samples divided into 4 groups for which the five serological techniques were performed, we compared the number of positive samples two by two and calculated the overall percent agreement (negative and positive samples) and Kappa index ( Table 2) .
    keywords: cov-2; patients
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        item: #464 of 5187
          id: cord-256702-lwxt4587
      author: Song, Lingjie
       title: A case of SARS-CoV-2 carrier for 32 days with several times false negative nucleic acid tests
        date: 2020-04-06
       words: 2040
      flesch: 54
     summary: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.31.20045401 doi: medRxiv preprint The continuing 2019-nCoV epidemic threat of novel coronaviruses to global health -The latest 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China A novel coronavirus outbreak of global health concern Negative Nasopharyngeal and Oropharyngeal Swab Does Not Rule Out COVID-19 A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster A crucial role of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in SARS coronavirus-induced lung injury Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.31.20045401 doi: medRxiv preprint pathogenic nucleic acid genomes from samples of asymptomatic and occult infected patients is also conducive to studying the virus mutations in the pathogenic genes providing a basis for subsequent virus tracing and epidemiological investigations.
    keywords: cov-2; license; medrxiv; preprint; sars
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        item: #465 of 5187
          id: cord-256737-ptjng78b
      author: McBride, Corrin E.
       title: Palmitoylation of SARS-CoV S protein is necessary for partitioning into detergent-resistant membranes and cell-cell fusion but not interaction with M protein
        date: 2010-09-01
       words: 8248
      flesch: 49
     summary: In addition, for mouse hepatitis virus (MHV), it has been shown that S protein palmitoylation is important for interaction with the M protein (Thorp et al., 2006) . To determine if SARS-CoV S partitions into DRMs and if that partitioning is dependent on S protein palmitoylation, we isolated DRMs by floatation on a sucrose step gradient after cold Triton X-100 extraction.
    keywords: cell; coronavirus; cov; cov s; et al; membrane; palmitoylation; protein; sars
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        item: #466 of 5187
          id: cord-256750-5m7psxri
      author: Park, Hye Yoon
       title: Posttraumatic stress disorder and depression of survivors 12 months after the outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome in South Korea
        date: 2020-05-15
       words: 4571
      flesch: 44
     summary: However, no studies have investigated the mental health status of MERS survivors. The present study was part of a prospective nationwide cohort study of MERS survivors conducted at multicenters in the Republic of Korea.
    keywords: depression; health; mers; months; outbreak; ptsd; study; survivors
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        item: #467 of 5187
          id: cord-256761-rjss51sq
      author: Caputo, Leonardo
       title: Repurposing therapeutic agents and herbal medicines to defeat viral nemesis
        date: 2020-03-30
       words: 1092
      flesch: 30
     summary: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7079-5994 The big push for Chinese medicine The World Health Organization's decision about traditional Chinese medicine could backfire Repurposing of clinically approved drugs for treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 in a 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) related coronavirus model Breakthrough: Chloroquine phosphate has shown apparent efficacy in treatment of COVID-19 associated pneumonia in clinical studies Effect of mass artesunate-amodiaquine distribution on mortality of patients with Ebola virus disease during west African outbreak Effect of artesunate-amodiaquine on mortality related to Ebola virus disease Angiotensin receptor blockers as tentative SARS-CoV-2 therapeutics The therapeutic potential of rutin for diabetes: An update. Thus, the retrospective clinical analysis suggested the possible repurposing of certain antimalarials against Ebola virus (Garbern et al., 2019) .
    keywords: covid-19; ebola
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        item: #468 of 5187
          id: cord-256808-lxlerb13
      author: Lim, W.S
       title: Hospital management of adults with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) if SARS re-emerges—updated 10 February 2004
        date: 2004-06-02
       words: 2427
      flesch: 49
     summary: An abnormal CXR with changes consistent with SARS would require the patient to be re-classified as having Probable SARS and be managed accordingly (see Section 2). Please discuss the classification of SARS patients with the Health Protection Agency's Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre (CDSC)
    keywords: acute; guidelines; health; patients; sars; syndrome
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        item: #469 of 5187
          id: cord-256872-jekx1czw
      author: Singh, Manvendra
       title: A single-cell RNA expression map of human coronavirus entry factors
        date: 2020-09-03
       words: 4561
      flesch: 46
     summary: While it is clear that COVID-19 is primarily a respiratory disease that causes death via pneumonia, many unknowns remain as to the extent of tissues and cell types vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2. Cell types were assigned based on the annotations provided by the original publication of samples D353, D363 and D367, giving LT/NK (n=110), Multiciliated_N (n=62), Secretory_N (n=1,354) and Suprabasal_N (n=1,461).
    keywords: ace2; cells; cov-2; expression; figure; infection; sars; tmprss2
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        item: #470 of 5187
          id: cord-256888-tdx12ccj
      author: Bradley, Benjamin T
       title: Histopathology and ultrastructural findings of fatal COVID-19 infections in Washington State: a case series
        date: 2020-07-16
       words: 5010
      flesch: 42
     summary: Patient 3 and patient 9 also had microthrombi in the trachea, although in patient 3 this was qualified by chronic tracheostomy. We hypothesise that there was a subclinical period during which lung injury was occurring in COVID-19 patients with organising diffuse alveolar disease who died in the week after symptom onset.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; diffuse; disease; findings; infection; injury; lung; particles; patients; sars
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        item: #471 of 5187
          id: cord-256893-3sh87h2x
      author: Yang, Li
       title: COVID-19: immunopathogenesis and Immunotherapeutics
        date: 2020-07-25
       words: 5360
      flesch: 33
     summary: A Novel Coronavirus from patients with Pneumonia in China Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 Novel Coronavirus-infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China Significant changes of peripheral T lymphocyte subsets in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Expression of lymphocytes and lymphocyte subsets in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Different features of Vdelta2 T and NK cells in fatal and non-fatal human Ebola infections Immune parameters and outcomes during Ebola virus disease Clinical features and progression of acute respiratory distress syndrome in coronavirus disease 2019 Laboratory abnormalities in patients with COVID-2019 infection Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome Dysregulation of immune response in patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China Immunopathological characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 cases in Guangzhou Lymphopenia predicts disease severity of COVID-19: a descriptive and predictive study Longitudinal characteristics of lymphocyte responses and cytokine profiles in the peripheral blood of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients SARS-CoV-2 infection in children Clinical characteristics and imaging manifestations of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19): A multi-center study in Wenzhou city Clinical characteristics of imported cases of COVID-19 in Jiangsu province: a multicenter descriptive Study Clinical findings in a group of patients infected with the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2) outside of Wuhan, China: retrospective case series A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records Clinical characteristics of Coronavirus disease 2019 in China Characteristics of lymphocyte subsets and cytokines in peripheral blood of 123 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) Reduction and functional exhaustion of T cells in patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Immune characteristics predict outcome of severe and critical COVID-19 patients Detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral and cellular immunity in COVID-19 convalescent individuals T cell responses to whole SARS coronavirus in humans Aberrant pathogenic GM-CSF+T cells and inflammatory CD14 +CD16+monocytes in severe pulmonary syndrome patients of a new coronavirus The significance of OX40 and OX40L to Tcell biology and immune disease 4-1BB co-stimulation enhances human CD8(+) T cell priming by augmenting the proliferation and survival of effector CD8(+) T cells Breadth of concomitant immune responses prior to patient recovery: a case report of non-severe COVID-19 Restoration of leukomonocyte counts is associated with viral clearance in COVID-19 hospitalized patients Functional exhaustion of antiviral lymphocytes in COVID-19 patients Elevated exhaustion levels and reduced functional diversity of T cells in peripheral blood may predict severe progression in COVID-19 patients Immune phenotyping based on neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and IgG predicts disease severity and outcome for patients with COVID-19 Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in patients of novel coronavirus disease 2019 Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in patients with COVID-19 Assessment of SARS-CoV-2 serological tests for the diagnosis of COVID-19 through the evaluation of three immunoassays: two automated immunoassays (Euroimmun and Abbott) and one rapid lateral flow immunoassay (NG Biotech) Immunopathogenesis of coronavirus infections: implications for SARS Fighting COVID-19 exhausts T cells COVID-19: immunopathology and its implications for therapy Immune dysfunction leads to mortality and organ injury in patients with COVID-19 in China: insights from ERS-COVID-19 study The microbiota regulates neutrophil homeostasis and host resistance to Escherichia coli K1 sepsis in neonatal mice The interplay between neutrophils and microbiota in cancer COVID-19: immunopathogenesis and Immunotherapeutics Yang Management of cytokine release syndrome related to CAR-T cell therapy Cytokine release syndrome Immune cell profiling of COVID-19 patients in the recovery stage by single-cell sequencing TH17 responses in cytokine storm of COVID-19: an emerging target of JAK2 inhibitor Fedratinib Expression of B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA) in macrophages contributes to the fulminant hepatitis caused by murine hepatitis virus strain-3 VSIG4 inhibits proinflammatory macrophage activation by reprogramming mitochondrial pyruvate metabolism Antibody-dependent enhancement of SARS coronavirus infection and its role in the pathogenesis of SARS Signals of T h 2 immune response from COVID-19 patients requiring intensive care Antibody-dependent enhancement of severe dengue disease in humans The microbiome and innate immunity IL-1beta is a key cytokine that induces trypsin upregulation in the influenza virus-cytokine-trypsin cycle A case series of children with 2019 novel coronavirus infection: clinical and epidemiological features Immune responses in COVID-19 and potential vaccines: lessons learned from SARS and MERS epidemic.
    keywords: cases; cell; clinical; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; cytokine; disease; levels; patients; sars
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        item: #472 of 5187
          id: cord-256904-uq6gy24x
      author: Bartolini, A.
       title: Immunochromatographic assays for COVID-19 epidemiological screening: our experience
        date: 2020-06-02
       words: 2687
      flesch: 37
     summary: Our aim was to evaluate the performances of two different IC assays, submitting to serological testing the 151 healthcare workers previously tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR and trying to find a correlation between the molecular method, that is considered the gold standard and rapid IC tests actually available. Even if both methods did not show a great efficiency in term of sensitivity, especially if we consider that the assays used for screening and epidemiological purposes need to have a high sensitivity, Cellex IC test seems certainly to have the best performances.
    keywords: cov-2; igg; license; medrxiv; preprint; sars
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        item: #473 of 5187
          id: cord-256940-yuja99jg
      author: Wei, Bo
       title: Long-term positive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ribonucleic acid and therapeutic effect of antivirals in patients with coronavirus disease: Case reports
        date: 2020-07-20
       words: 2000
      flesch: 50
     summary: Molecular docking-based virtual screening of all approved drugs showed that DNVr has the best binding energy to inhibit the main protease of SARS-CoV-2 14 . Herein, we present four COVID-19 cases who had positive nucleic acid results for about two months.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; results; rna; sars
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        item: #474 of 5187
          id: cord-256961-935r7w01
      author: Lu, S.
       title: Effectiveness and Safety of Glucocorticoids to Treat COVID-19: A Rapid Review and Meta-Analysis
        date: 2020-04-22
       words: 5151
      flesch: 50
     summary: The quality of evidence on the results on mortality in COVID-19 and SARS studies, of very low quality, and in MERS studies of low quality (Tables 4-6). In mild cases of SARS glucocorticoids even increased the risk of death (RR=3.6, 95% CI: 1.9 to 6.9).
    keywords: author; copyright; funder; holder; medrxiv; patients; perpetuity; preprint; review
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        item: #475 of 5187
          id: cord-256982-t6urqus7
      author: Wellinghausen, Nele
       title: Evaluation of the SARS-CoV-2-IgG response in outpatients by five commercial immunoassays
        date: 2020-09-16
       words: 2550
      flesch: 41
     summary: So, we evaluated the SARS-CoV-2-IgG response (and SARS-CoV-2 total antibody response, respectively, in one immunoassay) in 51 outpatients with past SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed by RT-PCR as well as 7 asymptomatic contact persons with past positive SARS-CoV-2-PCR. The sensitivity in serum samples, collected at a median of 24 days after onset of symptoms, detected by the Anti-SARS-CoV-2-ELISA IgG (Euroimmun), EDI™ Novel Coronavirus COVID-19 IgG ELISA (Epitope Diagnostics), Liaison(®) SARS-CoV-2 S1/S2 IgG (Diasorin), SARS-CoV-2 IgG on the Architect™ i2000 (Abbott), and Elecsys(®) Anti-SARS-CoV-2 (IgM/IgA/IgG) on the cobas™ e801 (Roche) was 84.3%, 78.4%, 74.5%, 86.3%, and 88.2%, respectively.
    keywords: cov-2; igg; patients; samples; sars
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        item: #476 of 5187
          id: cord-257008-7q5s1vu1
      author: Sharma, Virender K.
       title: Environmental chemistry is most relevant to study coronavirus pandemics
        date: 2020-05-20
       words: 1326
      flesch: 28
     summary: Very little information is currently available on the transmission of enveloped viruses via feco-oral transmission or through our sewer system. The urine samples have also shown human enveloped viruses such as the cytomegalovirus (CMV).
    keywords: coronavirus; sars; viruses; wastewater
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        item: #477 of 5187
          id: cord-257022-6vw88jib
      author: SHANG, Lei
       title: Polymorphism of SARS-CoV Genomes
        date: 2006-04-30
       words: 2741
      flesch: 55
     summary: BJ202 was phylogeneticly closer to BJ01 and LLJ-2004. Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a new infectious disease that first emerged in Guangdong province, China, in November, 2002 and then quickly spread worldwide before being successfully controlled in 2003 by classical public health measures'. Since the publication of the first complete genomic sequence of SARS-COV'~], 115 SARS-CoV genomic sequences have been completed and hun-dreds of additional partial sequences are available in the NCBI GenBank, all of which provide a strong foundation for a better understanding of the transmission and molecular evolution of SARS-CoV.
    keywords: bj202; cov; genome; sars; sequence; sites
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        item: #478 of 5187
          id: cord-257058-wf6oxzrk
      author: Kim, Sinae
       title: The Progression of SARS Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2): Mutation in the Receptor Binding Domain of Spike Gene
        date: 2020-10-26
       words: 3334
      flesch: 52
     summary: Future study with S gene mutation eventually defines how virus and human adapt each other as well as helps understand viral mutation is beneficial or deleterious to the host. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is an essential regulator of heart function A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Activation of the SARS coronavirus spike protein via sequential proteolytic cleavage at two distinct sites Coronavirus spike proteins in viral entry and pathogenesis Proteolytic activation of the SARS-coronavirus spike protein: cutting enzymes at the cutting edge of antiviral research Cryo-EM structure of the SARS coronavirus spike glycoprotein in complex with its host cell receptor ACE2 Characterization of spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 on virus entry and its immune cross-reactivity with SARS-CoV Exploring the genomic and proteomic variations of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein: a computational biology approach Structure of SARS coronavirus spike receptor-binding domain complexed with receptor Structural basis for the recognition of SARS-CoV-2 by fulllength human ACE2 Inhibitors of cathepsin L prevent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus entry Cell entry mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation Multiple Amino Acid Residues Mutations in Spike Heart block, ventricular tachycardia, and sudden death in ACE2 transgenic mice with downregulated connexins Assessing ACE2 expression patterns in lung tissues in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is an essential regulator of heart function Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus Tracking changes in SARS-CoV-2 spike: evidence that D614G increases infectivity of the COVID-19 virus Cryo-EM structures of MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV spike glycoproteins reveal the dynamic receptor binding domains The architecture of SARS-CoV-2 transcriptome https://immunenetwork.org
    keywords: cov2; d614; fig; gene; mutation; patients; sars; spike
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        item: #479 of 5187
          id: cord-257105-vrwuaknf
      author: Davies, Julie
       title: Neuropilin-1 as a new potential SARS-CoV-2 infection mediator implicated in the neurologic features and central nervous system involvement of COVID-19
        date: 2020-09-15
       words: 2648
      flesch: 32
     summary: in: eBioMedicine World Health organisation (WHo): coronavirus disease 2019 (coVid-19): Weekly epidemiological update Organ-specific manifestations of COVID-19 infection Severe acute respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SarS-coV-2) and the central nervous System neurologic manifestations of hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease The coVid-19 Pandemic: consideration for brain infection neurological implications of coVid-19 infections SarS-coV-2 cell entry depends on ace2 and TMPrSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor cell entry mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 TMPrSS2 contributes to virus spread and immunopathology in the airways of murine models after coronavirus infection Pan-cancer analysis of transmembrane protease serine 2 and cathepsin l that mediate cellular SARS-CoV-2 infection leading to COVID-19 Zhou y and cui Q: aGTr2, one possible novel key gene for the entry of SarS-coV-2 into human cells raGe receptor: May be a potential inflammatory mediator for SarS-coV-2 infection? co-expression of peripheral olfactory receptors with SarS-coV-2 infection mediators: Potential implications beyond loss of smell as a coVid-19 symptom Tumor markers as an entry for SarS coV 2 infection? neuropilin-1 in transmission process of coVid-19 neuropilin-1 facilitates SarS-coV-2 cell entry and provides a possible pathway into the central nervous system neuropilin-1 is a host factor for SarS-coV-2 infection Vander Kooi cW: neuropilin Functions as an essential cell Surface receptor Multifaceted role of neuropilins in the immune system: potential targets for immunotherapy Purification and characterization of progenitor and mature human astrocytes reveals transcriptional and functional differences with mouse FanToM consortium and the riKen PMi and clST (dGT): A promoter-level mammalian expression atlas Björk l, Breckels lM, et al: a subcellular map of the human proteome et al: a molecular census of arcuate hypothalamus and median eminence cell types S: dopamine reward circuitry: Two projection systems from the ventral midbrain to the nucleus accumbens -olfactory tubercle complex Sniffing out the contributions of the olfactory tubercle to the sense of smell: Hedonics, sensory integration, and more? Visualisation of nrP1 expression in the brain was performed using the allen brain atlas with six human donors as assessed by microarray and presented as a heat map (25) .
    keywords: brain; cns; covid-19; expression; infection; nrp1; olfactory; sars
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        item: #480 of 5187
          id: cord-257135-xt4w0baw
      author: Li, Zhengqian
       title: The brain, another potential target organ, needs early protection from SARS-CoV-2 neuroinvasion
        date: 2020-03-31
       words: 1115
      flesch: 33
     summary: Based on the existing evidence and lessons from SARS outbreak in 2003, our attention should not be confined to the general organs whose dysfunctions were relatively easy to be observed or examined such as lung, kidney, and liver; at the same time, the brain should not be neglected due to the potential neuroinvasion of SARS-CoV-2, which prompts us to keep an alert on the onset of neurological symptoms, early diagnostics, and neuroprotection. Viruses Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; patients; sars
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        item: #481 of 5187
          id: cord-257140-ge15qrqg
      author: Perkmann, T.
       title: Increasing both specificity and sensitivity of SARS-CoV-2 antibody tests by using an adaptive orthogonal testing approach
        date: 2020-11-07
       words: 3951
      flesch: 42
     summary: This algorithm offers the opportunity to significantly improve the overall performance of SARS CoV-2 antibody tests. Furthermore, the low antibody-response in some individuals requires high test sensitivity to avoid underestimating true seroprevalence.
    keywords: cov-2; medrxiv; preprint; sars; sensitivity; specificity; test
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        item: #482 of 5187
          id: cord-257142-q79yy6o5
      author: Wambier, Carlos Gustavo
       title: Androgen sensitivity gateway to COVID‐19 disease severity
        date: 2020-05-15
       words: 3202
      flesch: 36
     summary: F I G U R E 2 Proposal of host vulnerability stratification following the androgen-driven COVID-19 hypothesis, subjects with increased androgen receptor activity through androgen receptor gene polymorphism or through hyperactivation by androgen hormones would be predisposed to increased viral infectivity and cumulative viral load, which would reflect on pronounced symptoms and transmissibility from cell lining of the airways and digestive tract. Additionally, there are many medical conditions that could increase androgen activity in females and might correlate with increasing vulnerability to COVID-19.
    keywords: androgen; covid-19; disease; patients; receptor; sars; tmprss2
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        item: #483 of 5187
          id: cord-257169-1lk737lw
      author: Lau, C. S.
       title: Performance of an automated chemiluminescence SARS-COV-2 IG-G Assay
        date: 2020-09-08
       words: 4271
      flesch: 47
     summary: The interval between the last negative COI to first positive COI improved from day 2-11+ to 1-8+ when the optimized COI for reactivity was used -an improvement of 1-3 days. The difference between the COIs of HCWs and pre-pandemic samples was numerically small.
    keywords: assay; coi; cov-2; days; igg; samples; sars; sensitivity; specificity
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        item: #484 of 5187
          id: cord-257191-u5xnmsv8
      author: Farshi, Esmaeil
       title: Investigation of immune cells on elimination of pulmonary‐Infected COVID‐19 and important role of innate immunity, phagocytes
        date: 2020-09-18
       words: 2543
      flesch: 45
     summary: A mouse-adapted SARScoronavirus causes disease and mortality in BALB/c mice Mouse-passaged severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus leads to lethal pulmonary edema and diffuse alveolar damage in adult but not young mice T cell responses are required for protection from clinical disease and for virus clearance in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-infected mice Evasion by stealth: inefficient immune activation underlies poor T cell response and severe disease in SARS-CoV-infected mice Cellular immune responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) infection in senescent BALB/c mice: CD4+ T cells are important in control of SARS-CoV infection Phagocytic cells contribute to the antibody-mediated elimination of pulmonary-infected SARS coronavirus Selective long-term elimination of natural killer cells in vivo by an anti-interleukin 2 receptor beta chain monoclonal antibody in mice Lung pathology of fatal severe acute respiratory syndrome Alveolar macrophages are a major determinant of early responses to viral lung infection but do not influence subsequent disease development Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in patients of novel coronavirus disease 2019 Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Functional exhaustion of antiviral lymphocytes in COVID-19 patients Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in patients with COVID-19 How to cite this article: Farshi E, Kasmapur B, Arad A. Investigation of immune cells on elimination of pulmonary-Infected COVID-19 and important role of innate immunity, phagocytes key: cord-257191-u5xnmsv8 authors: Farshi, Esmaeil; Kasmapur, Bahram; Arad, Anya title: Investigation of immune cells on elimination of pulmonary‐Infected COVID‐19 and important role of innate immunity, phagocytes date: 2020-09-18 journal: Rev Med Virol DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2158 sha: doc_id: 257191 cord_uid: u5xnmsv8 We identified types of immune cells that contribute to clearing COVID‐19 during the acute phase of the infection in mouse model and human.
    keywords: cells; covid-19; infection; mice; patients; sars
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        item: #485 of 5187
          id: cord-257206-av2k44ig
      author: Chen, Ruey
       title: Effects of a SARS prevention programme in Taiwan on nursing staff's anxiety, depression and sleep quality: A longitudinal survey
        date: 2006-02-28
       words: 5065
      flesch: 56
     summary: This research is to describe the anxiety level, depression level, and sleep quality of nursing staff who cared for SARS patients during a sweeping epidemic and the effects of a SARS prevention program. Previously known as atypical pneumonia, the World Health Organization (WHO) began using the term SARS on March 15, 2003 (http://www.who.int/ors/ sars). In summary, nursing staff caring for SARS patients experienced tremendous physical and mental stresses because so little was known about the disease transmission and effective treatment regimens.
    keywords: anxiety; care; depression; nursing; patients; sars; sleep; staff
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        item: #486 of 5187
          id: cord-257258-hu9oxea1
      author: Chabner, Bruce A.
       title: Taking the Longer View of COVID‐19
        date: 2020-04-27
       words: 1812
      flesch: 35
     summary: While vaccine development has an obvious high priority, much attention has also been given in the press and in discussions of the White House Task Force to the development of effective antiviral drugs. COVID-19 vaccine frontrunners.
    keywords: covid-19; infection; patients; sars; trials; vaccine
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        item: #487 of 5187
          id: cord-257265-lkzytud0
      author: Zheng, Fang
       title: SARS-CoV-2 Clearance in COVID-19 Patients with Novaferon Treatment: A Randomized, Open-label, Parallel Group Trial
        date: 2020-08-03
       words: 4191
      flesch: 43
     summary: So far, only limited observations of Lopinavir/Ritonavir for coronavirus in SARS patients were reported (Chu et al.,2004) .A The peak levels of SARS virus were around 10 days after onset and then the viral level J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f began to decrease without effective antiviral treatment in SARS patients (Peiris et al., 2003) .Considering the homology of gene sequences of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS was over 90% (Zhu et al., 2020) , we assumed that the intervention of antiviral drugs in COVID-19 patients would likely enhance or shorten the time to viral clearance.
    keywords: clearance; cov-2; day; group; lopinavir; novaferon; patients; ritonavir; sars
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        item: #488 of 5187
          id: cord-257310-wqu7t44n
      author: Maideniuc, Catalina
       title: Acute necrotizing myelitis and acute motor axonal neuropathy in a COVID-19 patient
        date: 2020-08-09
       words: 1099
      flesch: 47
     summary: Repeat spinal fluid analysis demonstrated albuminocytological dissociation with elevated CSF protein (153 mg/dl) and normal white blood cell count (2/ mm 3 ), red blood cells (4 mm 3) , and glucose (79 mg/dl). The patient had a spinal fluid analysis that showed a hemorrhagic tap (red blood cells 312/mm 3 ) with normal white blood cells (3/mm 3) elevated protein (87 mg/ dl) and glucose (73 mg/dl).
    keywords: acute; covid-19; csf; patient
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        item: #489 of 5187
          id: cord-257398-fmkfo5ju
      author: Meng, Qing-Bin
       title: Clinical application of combined detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody and nucleic acid
        date: 2020-10-06
       words: 3252
      flesch: 43
     summary: Of the 652 suspected COVID-19 patients, 237 (36.3%) had positive nucleic acid tests, 311 (47.7%) were positive for IgM, and 592 (90.8%) were positive for IgG. There was a significant difference in the positive detection rate between the IgM and IgG test groups (P < 0.001). Therefore, 366 patients were considered to have COVID-19 with SARS-CoV-2 IgM and/or IgG antibody tests.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; igg; igm; patients; sars; tests
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        item: #490 of 5187
          id: cord-257399-p6of5fno
      author: Gentry, Chris A
       title: Long-term hydroxychloroquine use in patients with rheumatic conditions and development of SARS-CoV-2 infection: a retrospective cohort study
        date: 2020-09-21
       words: 4538
      flesch: 35
     summary: In this study, the proportion of patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection did not differ between people with rheumatological conditions who received hydroxychloroquine and those who did not, suggesting that chronic hydroxychloroquine might not have a role in the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection. We aimed to examine whether patients with rheumatological conditions receiving chronic hydroxychloroquine therapy are at less risk of developing SARS-CoV-2 infection than those not receiving hydroxychloroquine.
    keywords: cov-2; data; hydroxychloroquine; infection; march; patients; propensity; sars; study; variables
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        item: #491 of 5187
          id: cord-257403-jujrazsr
      author: Yin, Changchuan
       title: Genotyping coronavirus SARS-CoV-2: Methods and implications
        date: 2020-04-27
       words: 2622
      flesch: 44
     summary: In all the descendants of an SNP A , the closest descendant is the one having the minimum and BA  , then the two viruses are relatives, sharing common SNP mutations. The genome sequence of the SARS-associated coronavirus Comparative full-length genome sequence analysis of 14 SARS coronavirus isolates and common mutations associated with putative origins of infection Receptor recognition by the novel coronavirus from Wuhan: an analysis based on decade-long structural studies of SARS coronavirus A 193-amino acid fragment of the SARS coronavirus S protein efficiently binds angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 The spike glycoprotein of the new coronavirus 2019-nCoV contains a furin-like cleavage site absent in CoV of the same clade The membrane protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus acts as a dominant immunogen revealed by a clustering region of novel functionally and structurally defined cytotoxic T-lymphocyte epitopes Characterization of protein-protein interactions between the nucleocapsid protein and membrane protein of the SARS coronavirus Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China RNA virus mutations and fitness for surviva l Viral evolution and the emergence of SARS coronavirus GISAID: Global initiative on sharing all influenza data-from vision to reality Clustal Omega, accurate alignment of very large numbers of sequences, in: Multiple sequence alignment methods A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China Distance between sets Genotyping of genetically monomorphic bacteria:
    keywords: cov-2; mutations; protein; rna; sars; snp; virus
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        item: #492 of 5187
          id: cord-257408-ejhhk1iu
      author: Goss, Matthew B.
       title: The Pediatric Solid Organ Transplant Experience with COVID‐19: An Initial Multi‐Center, Multi‐Organ Case Series
        date: 2020-09-18
       words: 2295
      flesch: 39
     summary: As our patients presented with mild symptoms and most recovered within days, and less than half had evaluation of serum inflammatory biomarkers, we are unable to determine the meaning and role of assessment of inflammatory biomarkers in pediatric transplant patients. It will be critical to learn from and share our experience through the post-COVID-19 diagnosis and recovery period, with a focus on antibody kinetics and risk for re-infection, as we seek to understand the potential longterm effects of COVID-19 infection in immunosuppressed pediatric transplant patients.
    keywords: covid-19; patients; pediatric; recipients; symptoms; transplant
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        item: #493 of 5187
          id: cord-257456-15bm9psj
      author: Arumugam, Arunkumar
       title: A Rapid SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR Assay for Low Resource Settings
        date: 2020-09-24
       words: 5296
      flesch: 55
     summary: As a reference, we can detect five copies of SARS-CoV-2, positive control plasmid (CDC) per PCR reaction using primer targeting N2. Our findings in this paper with COVID-19 clinical samples suggest that it is possible to eliminate the RNA extraction step in COVID-19 testing without a significant drop in assay sensitivity for samples from symptomatic patients.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; extraction; pcr; rna; samples; sars; time
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        item: #494 of 5187
          id: cord-257468-woyycghi
      author: Basso, Trude
       title: Transmission of infection from non-isolated patients with COVID-19 to health care workers
        date: 2020-08-20
       words: 1828
      flesch: 52
     summary: These results were in accordance with other reports and should reassure HCWs and further stimulate a broader evaluation of the foundation for the current practice of home-quarantine of non-symptomatic HCWs. Our results should reassure HCWs and further stimulate a broader evaluation of the foundation for the current practice of home-quarantine of non-symptomatic HCWs.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; hcws; patient; sars
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        item: #495 of 5187
          id: cord-257487-xanqvdhn
      author: Carbajo-Lozoya, Javier
       title: Replication of human coronaviruses SARS-CoV, HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-229E is inhibited by the drug FK506
        date: 2012-02-10
       words: 2962
      flesch: 40
     summary: The EC 50 inhibitory concentration for HCoV-NL63 was about 5.1 M and replication was completely inhibited at 36 M FK506 (Fig. 1C) , reflecting a 732-fold reduction of virus replication (Fig. 1D) . 1E and F shows percentage and log reductions of inhibition of virus replication, respectively.
    keywords: cells; fk506; hcov; nl63; proteins; replication; virus
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        item: #496 of 5187
          id: cord-257533-i85dyg8n
      author: Henn, Wolfram
       title: Allocation criteria for an initial shortage of a future SARS-CoV-2 vaccine and necessary measures for global immunity
        date: 2020-06-23
       words: 1071
      flesch: 30
     summary: but anyway relevant-initial shortage of vaccine supply without creating social discomfort or even unrest. After having overcome the expected initial shortage of vaccines, the global community must take appropriate measures to rapidly generate a worldwide herd immunity against SARS-CoV-2 through implementing mandatory vaccination programs encompassing all countries and age groups.
    keywords: covid-19; sars; shortage; vaccine
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        item: #497 of 5187
          id: cord-257556-lmws8eed
      author: Rafiq, Danish
       title: Three months of COVID‐19: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
        date: 2020-05-18
       words: 3208
      flesch: 39
     summary: Phylogeny of SARS-Like Betacoronaviruses Including Novel Coronavirus (nCoV A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Angiotensinconverting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as a SARS-CoV-2 receptor: molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic target Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus. A joint research team of the Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica and Shanghai Tech University discover a group of old and traditional Chinese medicines that may be efficacious in treating the novel form of pneumonia Accelerated Emergency Use Authorization (Eua) Summary Covid-19 Rapid tests for influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, and other respiratory viruses: a systematic review and meta-analysis Diagnostic indexes of a rapid IgG/IgM combined antibody test for SARS-CoV-2 Evaluation of recombinant nucleocapsid and spice protein serological diagnosis of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Serological immunochromatographic approach in diagnosis with SARS-CoV-2 infected COVID-19 patients Development and clinical application of a rapid IgM-IgG combined antibody test for SARS-CoV-2 infection diagnosis A mathematical model for simulating the transmission of Wuhan novel coronavirus Report 2: estimating the potential Total number of novel coronavirus cases in Wuhan City A family of embedded Runge-Kutta formulae Estimating the Unreported Number of Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Cases in China in the First Half of January 2020: a data-driven Modelling analysis of the early outbreak Estimation of the transmission risk of the 2019-nCoV and its implication for public health interventions An updated estimation of the risk of transmission of the novel coronavirus The reproductive number of COVID-19 is higher compared to SARS coronavirus Epidemic analysis of COVID-19 in China by dynamical modeling Estimation of the reproductive number of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) and the probable outbreak size on the diamond princess cruise ship: a data-driven analysis A mathematical model for simulating the phase-based transmissibility of a novel coronavirus Insights from early mathematical models of 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease (COVID-19) dynamics Preliminary prediction of the basic reproduction number of the Wuhan novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV A conceptual model for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in Wuhan, China with individual reaction and governmental action Data-based analysis, Modelling and forecasting of the COVID-19 outbreak Nowcasting and forecasting the potential domestic and international spread of the 2019-nCoV outbreak originating in Wuhan, China: a modelling study Modelling the epidemic trend of the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in China Transmission dynamics of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
    keywords: china; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; novel; outbreak; patients; sars; transmission
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        item: #498 of 5187
          id: cord-257584-v38tjof3
      author: Fahmi, Muhamad
       title: Nonstructural proteins NS7b and NS8 are likely to be phylogenetically associated with evolution of 2019-nCoV
        date: 2020-03-03
       words: 2992
      flesch: 43
     summary: We then determined the presence and absence of homolog proteins of one representative set of annotated 2019-nCoV proteins against other genome sequences in a database using tblastn with a threshold of > 50 and > 25 bits score for protein sequences > The phylogenetic profiling cluster of homolog proteins of one annotated 2019-nCoV protein against other genome sequences revealed two clades of ten 2019-nCoV proteins.
    keywords: bat; coronavirus; ncov; proteins; sars; tree
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        item: #499 of 5187
          id: cord-257600-0plhquk9
      author: Calles, Antonio
       title: Outcomes of COVID-19 in Patients With Lung Cancer Treated in a Tertiary Hospital in Madrid
        date: 2020-09-16
       words: 6983
      flesch: 43
     summary: We aimed to analyze outcomes of lung cancer patients affected by COVID-19 in a tertiary hospital of a high-incidence region during the pandemic. Conclusions: Lung cancer patients represent a vulnerable population for COVID-19, according to the high rate of hospitalization, onset of ARDS, and high mortality rate.
    keywords: cancer; cancer patients; cases; cov-2; covid-19; lung; lung cancer; mortality; patients; sars; therapy; treatment
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        item: #500 of 5187
          id: cord-257611-z0sng9sx
      author: Kalantari, Hamidreza
       title: Determination of COVID-19 prevalence with regards to age range of patients referring to the hospitals located in western Tehran, Iran
        date: 2020-10-07
       words: 2801
      flesch: 54
     summary: The highest rate of recovery (65.2%) in COVID-19 patients was observed in those within the age range of 30-39 years and overall, a high rate of recovery was indicated (Table 1 and 2). In this descriptive-cross-sectional study, a total of 784 samples of naso/oropharyngeal swabs of suspected patients with COVID-19 symptoms who had referred to Imam Khomeini, Shahid Fayaz-Bakhsh and Modarres hospitals in Tehran from February 24, 2020 to March 24, 2020 were examined by RT-PCR method.
    keywords: age; covid-19; mortality; patients; rate; years
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        item: #501 of 5187
          id: cord-257613-o0q7hvn3
      author: Shafiee, Abbas
       title: Coronavirus disease 2019: A tissue engineering and regenerative medicine perspective
        date: 2020-08-21
       words: 3434
      flesch: 33
     summary: Over the COVID-19 outbreak, the funding for many TERM projects is being cut, which has a significant impact on the present and future of Current clinical trials highlight the potential benefits of stem cell therapies for COVID-19 patients. Effective multi-institutional collaboration and adequate funding from government and nongovernment sources are also needed to collect and analyze the data from ongoing and new human trials, to better understand the potential benefits of stem cell therapies for COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: acute; cells; covid-19; mesenchymal; mscs; stem; syndrome; therapies; tissue; treatment
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        item: #502 of 5187
          id: cord-257663-i7wrqh2g
      author: Principi, Nicola
       title: Effects of Coronavirus Infections in Children
        date: 2010-02-17
       words: 4210
      flesch: 36
     summary: HCoV infections can be associated with respiratory and extrarespiratory manifestations, including central nervous system involvement. HCoV infections can be associated with respiratory and extrarespiratory manifestations, including central nervous system involvement.
    keywords: children; coronavirus; hcov; infections; nl63; sars; viruses
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        item: #503 of 5187
          id: cord-257698-ed2tqn35
      author: Wong, Raymond S.M.
       title: Index Patient and SARS Outbreak in Hong Kong
        date: 2004-02-17
       words: 1500
      flesch: 47
     summary: His clinical features and laboratory parameters were similar to those of other patients with SARS (2) (3) (4) (5) . The SARS epidemic in Hong Kong A major outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Clinical features and short-term outcomes of 144 patients with SARS in the greater Toronto area Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Singapore: clinical features of index patient and initial contacts A cluster of cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS: experience at Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong Clinical progression and viral load in a community outbreak of coronavirus-associated SARS pneumonia: a prospective study Guidelines for the management of adults with community-acquired pneumonia.
    keywords: hospital; outbreak; patient; sars
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        item: #504 of 5187
          id: cord-257719-5s6acr7m
      author: Poh Ng, Lisa Fong
       title: The Virus That Changed My World
        date: 2003-12-22
       words: 1510
      flesch: 55
     summary: Referring to the high standards of medical care and the societal measures put in place, Dr David Mansoor of WHO said that if not even Singapore could contain the outbreak, it was going to be very hard for other countries to prevent SARS from spreading (Chua 2003 I was to be part of the diagnostic team, and work began almost immediately. At Changi Airport, all in-and outbound passengers from Singapore were temperature-printed (that is, they were asked to walk through scanners that picked up body temperatures above 37.4˚C) in order to curb the export and import of SARS.
    keywords: months; people; sars; singapore; work
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        item: #505 of 5187
          id: cord-257729-s0vo7dlk
      author: Bauer, Melissa
       title: Obstetric Anesthesia During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic
        date: 2020-04-20
       words: 4289
      flesch: 28
     summary: In principle, the clinical characteristics reported in pregnant women with confirmed COVID-19 infection in China have been consistent with those reported among nonpregnant adults, with better maternal and neonatal outcomes with COVID-19 infection compared with the 2002-2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak from SARS CoV 1 infection. It is imperative to establish a back-up team to care for patients without COVID-19 infection due to the time-intensive tasks of donning/doffing PPE, transporting the patient, providing anesthetic care, and performing surgery in patients with active COVID-19 infection.
    keywords: anesthesia; care; cesarean; coronavirus; covid-19; delivery; infection; labor; patients; women
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        item: #506 of 5187
          id: cord-257732-3xuy6tbn
      author: Azzi, Lorenzo
       title: Saliva is a reliable tool to detect SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-04-14
       words: 3516
      flesch: 48
     summary: This study analyzed salivary samples of COVID-19 patients and compared the results with their clinical and laboratory data. Indeed, LDH is commonly released during tissue damage, it can be associated to the lung damage that takes place in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; patients; saliva; salivary; sars; values
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        item: #507 of 5187
          id: cord-257751-n7w1psr4
      author: Halperin, Daniel T.
       title: Coping With COVID-19: Learning From Past Pandemics to Avoid Pitfalls and Panic
        date: 2020-06-30
       words: 6384
      flesch: 50
     summary: [47] [48] Because young people typically come in contact with many other children and adults, they are often efficient spreaders of respiratory pathogens. Most of those who do drive or go outdoors use masks (needlessly) even when far away from other people.
    keywords: cases; children; coronavirus; countries; covid-19; deaths; health; new; pandemic; people; risk; schools; states; transmission
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        item: #508 of 5187
          id: cord-257766-z7vcdtcq
      author: Varadhachary, Atul
       title: Salivary anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgA as an accessible biomarker of mucosal immunity against COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-11
       words: 8483
      flesch: 45
     summary: Increasing concentrations of commercially available anti-S1 and anti-NP IgA antibodies were spiked into simulated saliva in order to mimic COVID-19 patient samples. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.07.20170258 doi: medRxiv preprint True negative (pre-COVID, acquired prior to December 2019) patient saliva samples were sourced from a commercial vendor and assessed using the BRAVO assay.
    keywords: antibodies; collection; cov-2; covid-19; iga; immune; immunity; license; medrxiv; medrxiv preprint; mucosal; preprint; salivary; samples; sars
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        item: #509 of 5187
          id: cord-257789-pdybfft6
      author: Diamond, Betty
       title: SARS-CoV-2 and interferon blockade
        date: 2020-11-09
       words: 3596
      flesch: 30
     summary: In the case of a virus like SARS-CoV-2 which is transmitted by inhalation, the virus most likely enters through olfactory bulb epithelial cells (Bilinska et al. 2020) , and then enters ACE2 expressing microglia and neurons (Xu et al. 2005; Jaunmuktane et al. 2020; Ellul et al. 2020) , although other recent studies suggest that non-neuronal cell types play a role in the development of anosmic symptoms (Bilinska et al. 2020; Brann et al. 2020 ). As ACE2 is the main viral entry receptor, ACE2 receptor antagonists based on peptides from the viral spike protein are being synthesized and tested, in addition to spike protein-targeted antagonists derived from critical binding regions in the ACE2 receptor (VanPatten et al. 2020) .
    keywords: ace2; angiotensin; bradykinin; cov-2; covid-19; inflammation; interferon; sars
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        item: #510 of 5187
          id: cord-257792-m7nij17v
      author: Ng, Oi-Wing
       title: Memory T cell responses targeting the SARS coronavirus persist up to 11 years post-infection
        date: 2016-04-12
       words: 4258
      flesch: 48
     summary: Here, the identification of T cell responses against SARS-CoV structural S, N and M proteins at 9 and 11 years post-infection suggests the long-term persistence of these responses. Percentages of T cell responses represent that of CD4 + or CD8 + T cells over total T cell population after in vitro expansion in the presence of SARS peptide mixtures.
    keywords: cd8; cell; cov; infection; responses; sars
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        item: #511 of 5187
          id: cord-257802-vgizgq2y
      author: Uttamchandani, Mahesh
       title: Applications of microarrays in pathogen detection and biodefence
        date: 2008-11-12
       words: 6576
      flesch: 32
     summary: [48] also developed protein microarrays for simultaneous diagnostics using parasitic and viral antigens. [49] monitored the antibody profiles of SARS patients using protein microarrays containing 82 purified coronavirus proteins.
    keywords: agents; antibodies; antibody; antigens; biodefence; detection; diagnostics; dna; microarrays; pathogen; pestis; probes; protein; sars; specific; virus
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        item: #512 of 5187
          id: cord-257805-pcp3qgn0
      author: Mehta, Harsh
       title: Novel coronavirus-related acute respiratory distress syndrome in a patient with twin pregnancy: A case report
        date: 2020-05-16
       words: 2227
      flesch: 46
     summary: In the data available in pregnant patients from the previous coronavirus outbreaks, no vertical transmission was reported [4] . During her hospital stay, she developed progressively worsening respiratory failure, initially requiring non-invasive ventilation, and subsequently progressed to acute respiratory distress syndrome requiring mechanical ventilation.
    keywords: case; coronavirus; covid-19; manuscript; respiratory
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        item: #513 of 5187
          id: cord-257809-bq9ha4d0
      author: Mukaino, Masahiko
       title: Staying Active in Isolation: Telerehabilitation for Individuals With the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection
        date: 2020-04-08
       words: 711
      flesch: 34
     summary: With the pandemic spread of SARS-CoV-2, the number of isolated individuals is expected to increase. Using videoconferencing (Zoom by Zoom Video Communications Inc, San Jose, CA) and remote control software (TeamViewer; TeamViewer GmbH, Göppingen, Germany), a physical therapist guided each individual in a 20-min exercise program (Fig. 1) .
    keywords: exercise; individuals; program
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        item: #514 of 5187
          id: cord-257820-4qmajxtb
      author: Abate, Giulia
       title: Impact of COVID-19 on Alzheimer’s Disease Risk: Viewpoint for Research Action
        date: 2020-08-21
       words: 4089
      flesch: 37
     summary: Recent global trends in the prevalence and incidence of dementia, and survival with dementia Alzheimer's disease WHO's global action plan on the public health response to dementia: Some challenges and opportunities The Global Impact of Dementia: An Analysis of Prevalence Alzheimer's Disease International NIA-AA Research framework: Toward a biological definition of Alzheimer's disease Mild cognitive impairment as a diagnostic entity Oxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease brain: New insights from redox proteomics oxidative stress in Alzheimer disease: Evidence based on proteomics studies Alzheimer's disease: New diagnostic and therapeutic tools Mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease: Role in pathogenesis and novel therapeutic opportunities Oxidative stress, protein modification and Alzheimer disease Herpes simplex virus type 1 and other pathogens are key causative factors in sporadic Alzheimer's disease. Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors modulate the rate of progression of amnestic mild cognitive impairment Effect of antihypertensive therapy on cognitive function in early executive cognitive impairment: A double-blind randomized clinical trial Modulation of renin-angiotensin system may slow conversion from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer's disease Use of angiotensin receptor blockers and risk of dementia in a predominantly male population: Prospective cohort analysis ACE2 activation protects against cognitive decline and reduces amyloid pathology in the Tg2576 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease Nitric oxide: Exploring the contextual link with Alzheimer's disease Protein nitration profile of CD3(+) lymphocytes from Alzheimer disease patients: Novel hints on immunosenescence and biomarker detection.
    keywords: ace2; alzheimer; angiotensin; brain; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; sars
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        item: #515 of 5187
          id: cord-257876-nzjp1hrz
      author: Yang, Wenzhong
       title: Origin-independent analysis links SARS-CoV-2 local genomes with COVID-19 incidence and mortality
        date: 2020-09-14
       words: 3324
      flesch: 48
     summary: A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Rapid metagenomic characterization of a case of imported COVID-19 in Cambodia. 2020; bioRxiv SARS-CoV-2 launches a unique transcriptional signature from in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo systems Genomic diversity of SARS-CoV-2 in coronavirus disease 2019 patients Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 from patient with 2019 novel coronavirus disease United States Temporal profiles of viral load in posterior oropharyngeal saliva samples and serum antibody responses during infection by SARS-CoV-2: an observational cohort study Complete genome sequence of a 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) strain isolated in Nepal Cryptic transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Washington State Comparative tropism, replication kinetics, and cell damage profiling of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV with implications for clinical manifestations, ransmissibility, and laboratory studies of COVID-19: an observational study Coronavirus infectionsmore than just the common cold A genomic survey of SARS-CoV-2 reveals multiple introductions into Northern California without a predominant lineage COVID-19 infection: origin, transmission, and characteristics of human coronaviruses Emergence of a novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2: biology and therapeutic options Phylogenetic network analysis of SARS-CoV-2 genomes Spike mutation pipeline reveals the emergence of a more transmissible form of SARS-CoV-2 PhredEM: a phred-score-informed genotype-calling approach for next-generation sequencing studies Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation Characterization of spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 on virus entry and its immune crossreactivity with SARS-CoV Characterization of the receptorbinding domain (RBD) of 2019 novel coronavirus: implication for development of RBD protein as a viral attachment inhibitor and vaccine The proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2 Structure of the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain bound to the ACE2 receptor Structural basis for the recognition of SARS-CoV-2 by full-length human ACE2 Structural and functional basis of SARS-CoV-2 entry by using human ACE2 Structure, function, and antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein Receptor recognition by the novel coronavirus from Wuhan: an analysis based on decade-long structural studies of SARS coronavirus The HDOCK server for integrated protein-protein docking DockRMSD: an open-source tool for atom mapping and RMSD calculation of symmetric molecules through graph isomorphism The protein data Bank Ligand-guided receptor optimization The authors would like to acknowledge all the researchers who openly shared their genomic data on GenBank, SRA and GISAID. We calculated the Q30 ratio for each sample and used the 95% percentile of the Q30 ratios as the threshold for selecting high-quality reads for local genomic similarity analysis.
    keywords: cov-2; data; figure; genomes; genomic; protein; sars; viruses
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        item: #516 of 5187
          id: cord-257958-yehnlabq
      author: Barh, Debmalya
       title: Multi-omics-based identification of SARS-CoV-2 infection biology and candidate drugs against COVID-19
        date: 2020-10-10
       words: 5439
      flesch: 35
     summary: [14] and DrugMatrix (a Comprehensive Toxicogenomic Database) for gene set analysis based candidate drug enrichment. gene set analysis toolkit with revamped UIs and APIs DrugBank: a comprehensive resource for in silico drug discovery and exploration NetworkAnalyst 3.0: a visual analytics platform for comprehensive gene expression profiling and meta-analysis InnateDB: systems biology of innate immunity and beyond--recent updates and continuing curation KEGG: new perspectives on genomes, pathways, diseases and drugs PANTHER version 14: more genomes, a new PANTHER GO-slim and improvements in enrichment analysis tools The AI-Discovered Aetiology of COVID-19 and Rationale of the Irinotecan+Etoposide Combination Therapy for Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients Vulnerabilities of the SARS-CoV-2 virus to proteotoxicityopportunity for repurposed chemotherapy of COVID-19 infection, bioRxiv SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML): a Case Report and Review of ABL Kinase Involvement in Viral Infection Morphological Cell Profiling of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Identifies Drug Repurposing Candidates for COVID-19, bioRxiv Silico Discovery of Candidate Drugs against Covid-19, Viruses Prediction of repurposed drugs for treating lung injury in COVID-19 Artificial intelligence approach fighting COVID-19 with repurposing drugs COVID-19: Drug Targets and Potential Treatments The serotonin reuptake inhibitor Fluoxetine inhibits SARS-CoV-2, bioRxiv Broad anti-coronaviral activity of FDA approved drugs against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro and SARS-CoV in vivo, bioRxiv Understanding SARS CoV 2 endocytosis for COVID 19 drug repurposing Indomethacin has a potent antiviral activity against SARS CoV-2 in vitro and canine coronavirus in vivo, bioRxiv Indomethacin and resveratrol as potential treatment adjuncts for SARS CoV 2/COVID 19 Identification of novel compounds against three targets of SARS CoV-2 coronavirus by combined virtual screening and supervised machine learning Repurposing drugs for COVID-19 based on transcriptional response of host cells to SARS-CoV-2, arXiv Andrographolide as a potential inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 main protease: an in silico approach Apremilast as a potential treatment option for COVID 19: No symptoms of infection in a psoriatic patient Combination of thrombolytic and immunosuppressive therapy for coronavirus disease 2019:
    keywords: analysis; candidate; cov-2; covid-19; drugs; gene; infection; omics; pathways; potential; sars; set; table
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        item: #517 of 5187
          id: cord-257994-i6hut28h
      author: Nogee, Daniel
       title: Covid-19 and the N95 respirator shortage: Closing the gap
        date: 2020-04-13
       words: 593
      flesch: 26
     summary: key: cord-257994-i6hut28h authors: Nogee, Daniel; Tomassoni, Anthony J. title: Covid-19 and the N95 respirator shortage: Closing the gap date: 2020-04-13 journal: Infection control and hospital epidemiology DOI: 10.1017/ice.2020.124 sha: doc_id: 257994 cord_uid: i6hut28h Due to extreme shortages of personal protective equipment caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, many healthcare workers will be forced to recycle protective masks intended for disposal after a single use. The COVID-19 pandemic has created an unprecedented demand for disposable particulate filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs) typified by N95 respirators in widespread use.
    keywords: use; uvgi
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        item: #518 of 5187
          id: cord-258011-19yfwvki
      author: Deprest, Jan
       title: SARS‐CoV2 (COVID‐19) infection: is fetal surgery in times of national disasters reasonable?
        date: 2020-04-22
       words: 2093
      flesch: 42
     summary: Along this line, it would seem logical in certain places to also suspend offering fetal procedures of large complexity given their potential requirements for maternal ICU beds and/or long-term maternal hospital admission. key: cord-258011-19yfwvki authors: Deprest, Jan; Van Ranst, Marc; Lannoo, Lore; Bredaki, Emma; Ryan, Greg; David, Anna; Richter, Jute; Van Mieghem, Tim title: SARS‐CoV2 (COVID‐19) infection: is fetal surgery in times of national disasters reasonable? date: 2020-04-22 journal:
    keywords: cov2; covid-19; patients; sars; women
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        item: #519 of 5187
          id: cord-258019-njky7v5x
      author: Kinaret, Pia A.S.
       title: Covid-19 acute responses and possible long term consequences: What nanotoxicology can teach us
        date: 2020-08-10
       words: 1360
      flesch: 38
     summary: key: cord-258019-njky7v5x authors: Kinaret, Pia A.S.; Giudice, Giusy del; Greco, Dario title: Covid-19 acute responses and possible long term consequences: What nanotoxicology can teach us date: 2020-08-10 journal: Nano Today DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2020.100945 sha: doc_id: 258019 cord_uid: njky7v5x Long-term effects of Covid-19 disease are still poorly understood. Interestingly, initial evidence also points to an association between Covid-19 disease severity and exposure to particulate matter pollution.
    keywords: covid-19; exposure; fibrosis; nanomaterials; sars
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        item: #520 of 5187
          id: cord-258067-par61wwh
      author: Di Martino, Marcello
       title: Elective Surgery During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic (COVID-19): A Morbimortality Analysis and Recommendations on Patient Prioritisation and Security Measures
        date: 2020-06-20
       words: 3466
      flesch: 32
     summary: Therefore, when reporting the morbidity and mortality of surgical patients with the COVID-19 infection, the severity of complications will be indicated according to the Dindo-Clavien classification (19) ; the therapeutic measures used with each patient according to a classification of treatments required (as described in Table 1 ) and the severity of the respiratory infection according to the Brescia respiratory COVID-19 severity scale (BRCSS) (20) . A Retrospective Cohort Study in a Designated Hospital of Wuhan in China ASA classification and perioperative variables as predictors of postoperative outcome Predictive Factors of Pancreatic Fistula After Pancreaticoduodenectomy and External Validation of Predictive Scores Genetic And Morphological Evaluation (GAME) score for patients with colorectal liver metastases Predictive factors for anastomotic leakage after laparoscopic colorectal surgery Frailty and post-operative outcomes in older surgical patients: a systematic review AASLD guidelines for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma Systematic review and meta-analysis of local ablative therapies for resectable colorectal liver metastases Endoscopic resection techniques for colorectal neoplasia: Current developments A watch-and-wait approach for locally advanced rectal cancer after a clinical complete response following neoadjuvant chemoradiation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    keywords: complications; covid-19; infection; pandemic; patients; sars; surgery
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        item: #521 of 5187
          id: cord-258084-nkr3lrov
      author: Juthani, Prerak
       title: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Manifestation as Acute Myocardial Infarction in a Young, Healthy Male
        date: 2020-07-11
       words: 1759
      flesch: 42
     summary: World Health Organization, Pneumonia of Unknown Cause-China, World Health Organization e novel coronavirus 2019 (2019-NCoV) uses the SARS-coronavirus receptor ACE2 and the cellular protease TMPRSS2 for entry into target cells Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China Short-term application of tocilizumab during myocardial infarction (STAT-MI) Cardiovascular disease and COVID-19 Laboratory abnormalities in patients with COVID-2019 infection Association between multiple cardiovascular risk factors and atherosclerosis in children and young adults Risk factors for coronary heart disease in men 18 to 39 years of age Serum cholesterol in young men and subsequent cardiovascular disease Framingham risk score and prediction of coronary heart disease death in young men Impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak on ST-segmentelevation myocardial infarction care in Hong Kong, China e authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest. e incidence of acute cardiac injury in COVID-19 patients has been estimated to be approximately 8-12%
    keywords: covid-19; disease; patient; risk; sars
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        item: #522 of 5187
          id: cord-258113-mnou31j3
      author: Wang, Yaping
       title: Clinical Characteristics of Patients Infected With the Novel 2019 Coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2) in Guangzhou, China
        date: 2020-05-19
       words: 3900
      flesch: 52
     summary: Imported group patients were those who had been to Wuhan within 14 days or who were residents of Wuhan before admission, and the local group included patients who had not left Guangdong during the past month. So it is important to evaluate ALB levels dynamically in these patients. RT-PCR analysis of respiratory or fecal samples, together with serological testing, can confirm the diagnosis of SARS-CoV infection in most SARS patients.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; disease; group; patients; sars; study; wuhan
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        item: #523 of 5187
          id: cord-258128-qtmjgrml
      author: Mirjalili, Mahtabalsadat
       title: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Transplantation: Pharmacotherapeutic Management of Immunosuppression Regimen
        date: 2020-07-03
       words: 6459
      flesch: 30
     summary: Table 1 shows a summary of medications which are used or suggested for the management of COVID-19 patients, according to recent studies. Sometimes, medications other than antivirals are used for symptomatic therapy or supportive care in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; drug; effects; kidney; liver; management; patients; recipients; risk; studies; transplant; treatment; use
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        item: #524 of 5187
          id: cord-258152-3udtsvga
      author: Dawood, Ali Adel
       title: Tunicamycin, an anticancer drug and inhibitor of N- linked glycosylation proteins is reliable to treat COVID-19
        date: 2020-10-20
       words: 2968
      flesch: 44
     summary: key: cord-258152-3udtsvga authors: Dawood, Ali Adel; Altobje, Mahmood Abduljabar title: Tunicamycin, an anticancer drug and inhibitor of N- linked glycosylation proteins is reliable to treat COVID-19 date: 2020-10-20 journal: Microb Pathog DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104586 sha: doc_id: 258152 cord_uid: 3udtsvga SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks remains a medical and economic challenge, due to the lack of a suitable drug or vaccine. It has been registered that glycosylation of coronavirus S protein is essentially N-linked.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov; glycans; glycoprotein; glycosylation; protein; sars; tunicamycin
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        item: #525 of 5187
          id: cord-258160-v08cs51n
      author: Wang, Lin-Fa
       title: Review of Bats and SARS
        date: 2006-12-17
       words: 3797
      flesch: 39
     summary: Severe acute respiratory syndrome Laboratory diagnosis of four recent sporadic cases of communityacquired SARS Cross-host evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in palm civet and human Characterization of a novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome The genome sequence of the SARS-associated coronavirus A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Epidemiologic clues to SARS origin in China Prevalence of IgG antibody to SARS-associated coronavirus in animal traders Isolation and characterization of viruses related to the SARS coronavirus from animals in Southern China Molecular evolution of the SARS coronavirus during the course of the SARS epidemic in China Civets are equally susceptible to experimental infection by two different severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus isolates Koch's postulates fulfilled for SARS virus An animal model of SARS produced by infection of Macaca mulatta with SARS coronavirus Using siRNA in prophylactic and therapeutic regimens against SARS coronavirus in Rhesus macaque Mucosal immunisation of African green monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops) with an attenuated parainfluenza virus expressing the SARS coronavirus spike protein for the prevention of SARS Virology: SARS virus infection of cats and ferrets Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection of golden Syrian hamsters Pathology of guinea pigs experimentally infected with a novel reovirus and coronavirus isolated from SARS patients Aged BALB/c mice as a model for increased severity of severe acute respiratory syndrome in elderly humans Prior infection and passive transfer of neutralizing antibody prevent replication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in the respiratory tract of mice SARS-associated coronavirus transmitted from human to pig Susceptibility of pigs and chickens to SARS coronavirus Possible role of an animal vector in the SARS outbreak at Amoy Gardens Domestic poultry and SARS coronavirus, southern China SARS-CoV infection in a restaurant from palm civet Antibodies to SARS coronavirus in civets Molecular evolution analysis and geographic investigation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-like virus in palm civets at an animal market and on farms Identification of a novel coronavirus in bats The ecology of wildlife diseases Bats are natural reservoirs of SARS-like coronaviruses Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-like virus in Chinese horseshoe bats Molecular diversity of coronaviruses in bats Prevalence and genetic diversity of coronaviruses in bats from China Zoonotic viruses of wildlife: hither from yon Animal origins of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus: insight from ACE2-S-protein interactions Bats: important reservoir hosts of emerging viruses Emerging henipaviruses and flying foxes-conservation and management perspectives Emerging encephalitogenic viruses: lyssaviruses and henipaviruses transmitted by frugivorous bats European bat lyssaviruses: distribution, prevalence and implications for conservation Diseases of humans and their domestic mammals: pathogen characteristics, host range and the risk of emergence The work conducted by our multination collaborative team was jointly funded by a special For example, bat SARS-like-CoVs and another yet unknown coronavirus could coinfect an intermediate host, and the bat viruses would gain the ACE2 binding site in the S1 domain by recombination.
    keywords: bat; bats; coronaviruses; cov; covs; reservoir; sars; species
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        item: #526 of 5187
          id: cord-258167-jqm3qyfm
      author: Zhou, Peng
       title: Immunogenicity difference between the SARS coronavirus and the bat SARS-like coronavirus spike (S) proteins
        date: 2009-09-18
       words: 2338
      flesch: 50
     summary: The SARS-CoV S protein (S SARS ) is responsible for virus entry and induction of neutralizing antibodies, mediated mainly by the RBD at aa 318-510 Therefore, for the development of differential diagnosis and specific vaccines for these viruses, it is necessary and important to have a better understanding of the immunogenicity of S SL , S SARS and the difference between S SL and S SARS .
    keywords: cov; hiv; sars; sera
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        item: #527 of 5187
          id: cord-258172-p54j4zzo
      author: Barker, Harlan
       title: Bioinformatic characterization of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, the entry receptor for SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-10-28
       words: 8473
      flesch: 43
     summary: In lung, ACE2 expressing cells are generally uncommon with no cell type having a ratio of ACE2-expressing cells greater than 2.6%. [27] , whereas Sims and colleagues demonstrated ACE2 expression on the luminal surface of ciliated cells in freshly excised human nasal and tracheobronchial tissue
    keywords: ace2; analysis; angiotensin; binding; cells; cov-2; covid-19; data; expression; gene; human; lung; mrna; receptor; sars; tissues
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        item: #528 of 5187
          id: cord-258221-pn8gh73b
      author: Rocha, José Lucas Martins
       title: Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Viral Infections: Implications for COVID-19
        date: 2020-09-07
       words: 8981
      flesch: 36
     summary: The development of fibroblast colonies in monolayer cultures of Guinea-pig bone marrow and spleen cells The meaning, the sense and the significance: Translating the science of mesenchymal stem cells into medicine Plasticity of mesenchymal stem cells in immunomodulation: Pathological and therapeutic implications Immunoregulatory mechanisms of mesenchymal stem and stromal cells in inflammatory diseases Biological functions of mesenchymal stem cells and clinical implications Different populations and sources of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC): A comparison of adult and neonatal tissue-derived MSC Proteomic analysis of human mesenchymal stromal cell secretomes: A systematic comparison of the angiogenic potential Hematopoietic support capacity of mesenchymal stem cells: Biology and clinical potential The use of human mesenchymal stem cells as therapeutic agents for the in vivo treatment of immune-related diseases: A systematic review The immunomodulatory functions of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells Stem Cell Rev and Rep mediated via paracrine activity Mechanisms involved in the therapeutic properties of mesenchymal stem cells Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells hUC-MSCs exert immunosuppressive activities through a PGE2-dependent mechanism Human mesenchymal stem cells program macrophage plasticity by altering their metabolic status via a PGE 2 -dependent mechanism Mesenchymal stromal cells and their extracellular vesicles enhance the anti-inflammatory phenotype of regulatory macrophages by downregulating the production of interleukin (IL)-23 and IL-22 Apoptotic mesenchymal stromal cells induce prostaglandin E2 in monocytes: Implications for the monitoring of mesenchymal stromal cell activity Human placental mesenchymal stem cells (pMSCs) play a role as immune suppressive cells by shifting macrophage differentiation from inflammatory M1 to anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages Mesenchymal stromal cells modulate macrophages in clinically relevant lung injury models by extracellular vesicle mitochondrial transfer Mesenchymal-myeloid interaction in the regulation of immunity Properties and Function of Indoleamine 2, 3-Dioxygenase1 Efficacy of levo-1-methyl tryptophan and dextro-1-methyl tryptophan in reversing indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase-mediated arrest of T-cell proliferation in human epithelial ovarian cancer The interplay between Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 in chronic inflammation and Cancer Overexpression of COX-2 but not indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 enhances the immunosuppressive ability of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells Kynurenic acid, an IDO metabolite, controls TSG-6-mediated immunosuppression of human mesenchymal stem cells Anti-inflammatory protein TSG-6 secreted by activated MSCs attenuates zymosan-induced mouse peritonitis by decreasing TLR2/NF-κB signaling in resident macrophages MSCs inhibit bone marrow-derived DC maturation and function through the release of TSG-6 Human mesenchymal stem cells inhibit differentiation and function of monocyte-derived dendritic cells Mesenchymal stem cells inhibit generation and function of both CD34 + −derived and monocyte-derived dendritic cells The anti-inflammatory protein TSG-6 regulates chemokine function by inhibiting chemokine/ glycosaminoglycan interactions Human bone marrow stromal cells inhibit allogeneic T-cell responses by indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-mediated tryptophan degradation Interferon-γ does not break, but promotes the immunosuppressive capacity of adult human mesenchymal stem cells Cell contact, prostaglandin E2 and transforming growth factor beta 1 play non-redundant roles in human mesenchymal stem cell induction of CD4+ CD25Highforkhead box P3+ regulatory T cells Mesenchymal stem cells generate a CD4+CD25+Foxp3 + regulatory T cell population during the differentiation process of Th1 and Th17 cells Inhibition of DNA methylation enhances HLA-G expression in human mesenchymal stem cells Mesenchymal-stem-cell-induced immunoregulation involves FAS-ligand-/FAS-mediated T cell apoptosis Human leukocyte antigen-G5 secretion by human mesenchymal stem cells is required to suppress T lymphocyte and Stem Cell Rev and Rep natural killer function and to induce CD4 + CD25 high FOXP3 + regulatory T cells Mesenchymal stem cells derived from human bone marrow and adipose tissue maintain their immunosuppressive properties after Chondrogenic differentiation: Role of HLA-G Characterization of HLA-G and related immunosuppressive effects in human umbilical cord stromaderived stem cells Mesenchymal stem cells upregulate Treg cells via sHLA-G in SLE patients Signaling to heme oxygenase-1 and its antiinflammatory therapeutic potential Human mesenchymal stem cells improve rat islet functionality under cytokine stress with combined upregulation of heme oxygenase-1 and ferritin Suppression of neutrophil-mediated tissue damage-A novel skill of mesenchymal stem cells Adenosinergic immunosuppression by human mesenchymal stromal cells requires co-operation with T cells Cytokine modulation of TLR expression and activation in mesenchymal stromal cells leads to a Proinflammatory phenotype Immunobiology of mesenchymal stem cells Biogenesis, secretion, and intercellular interactions of exosomes and other extracellular vesicles Mesenchymal stromal cell secretome: Influencing therapeutic potential by cellular pre-conditioning Small non-coding RNA landscape of extracellular vesicles from human stem cells
    keywords: acute; cells; covid-19; expression; fig; human; infections; inflammatory; lung; mesenchymal; mesenchymal stem; mscs; patients; stem; stem cells; stromal; therapy; tissue; treatment; virus
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        item: #529 of 5187
          id: cord-258223-8dhtwf03
      author: Chow, Cristelle
       title: The Next Pandemic: Supporting COVID-19 Frontline Doctors Through Film Discussion
        date: 2020-09-05
       words: 4749
      flesch: 35
     summary: While study participants felt confident about PPE and hospital infection control policies, they were also worried about asymptomatically passing on the virus to their loved ones as asymptomatic transmission of SARS-CoV-2 was a real possibility, in contrast to the SARS virus. The impact of social isolation, whether self-imposed or imposed by others, could have a minimized impact on study participants compared to frontline workers during SARS, due to the current widespread use of video chats and social media, which were not available in the early 2000s.
    keywords: discussion; film; healthcare; hospital; impact; members; pandemic; participants; public; workers
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        item: #530 of 5187
          id: cord-258242-xblxjlb5
      author: Liu, Tengwen
       title: Systems Pharmacology and Verification of ShenFuHuang Formula in Zebrafish Model Reveal Multi-Scale Treatment Strategy for Septic Syndrome in COVID-19
        date: 2020-09-15
       words: 5218
      flesch: 38
     summary: Thus, SFH treatment may help to improve the coagulopathy of COVID-19 patients. This study provided additional evidence of SFH formula for treating COVID-19 patients with septic syndrome using multiple-scale estimation.
    keywords: coagulation; compounds; covid-19; formula; model; patients; sepsis; sfh; targets; treatment; zebrafish
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        item: #531 of 5187
          id: cord-258250-zueo1xfa
      author: Hirotsu, Yosuke
       title: Comparison of Automated SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Test for COVID-19 Infection with Quantitative RT-PCR using 313 Nasopharyngeal Swabs Including from 7 Serially Followed Patients
        date: 2020-08-12
       words: 3112
      flesch: 47
     summary: Antigen tests have been widely applied to detect infection with viruses other than SARS-CoV-2 [16] . Furthermore, both tests are expected to identify the asymptomatic or presymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infected persons who are likely to have high viral loads.
    keywords: antigen; cov-2; qpcr; sars; test; viral
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        item: #532 of 5187
          id: cord-258255-hzmcrenk
      author: Jiang, Xuejun
       title: Asymptomatic SARS‐CoV‐2 infected case with viral detection positive in stool but negative in nasopharyngeal samples lasts for 42 days
        date: 2020-04-24
       words: 555
      flesch: 34
     summary: was capable of transmitting the virus to others remains unknown, although her mother never became infected even though she was in contact with confirmed COVID-19 and asymptomatic patients. Asymptomatic patients may be unaware of their SARS-CoV-2 infection status and therefore transmit the virus to others unknowingly if they are not isolated for medical observation.
    keywords: cov-2; sars
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        item: #533 of 5187
          id: cord-258268-7ypq0t3d
      author: Zanin, Luca
       title: SARS-CoV-2 can induce brain and spine demyelinating lesions
        date: 2020-05-04
       words: 1484
      flesch: 43
     summary: Viruses Multiple organ infection and the pathogenesis of SARS Neurologic features in severe SARS-CoV-2 infection Neurological complications during treatment of middle east respiratory syndrome Infectious immunity in the central nervous system and brain function Neurologic manifestations of hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease COVID-19: consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression A first case of meningitis/ encephalitis associated with SARS-Coronavirus-2 SARS-CoV-2: Three-steps infection model and CSF diagnostic implication Clinical aspects and outcomes of 70 patients with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection: a single-center experience in Saudi Arabia Neurological manifestations in severe acute respiratory syndrome Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China Encephalitis as a clinical manifestation of COVID-19 Detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-associated coronavirus RNA in autopsy tissues with in situ hybridization Guillain-Barrè syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 infecion: causality or coincidence? Sudden neurological impairment with seizures in COVID-19 patients may be sustained by CNS involvement and demyelinating lesions.
    keywords: covid-19; infection; patient; sars; virus
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        item: #534 of 5187
          id: cord-258281-gxwk8jq9
      author: Wenling, Yao
       title: Pregnancy and COVID-19: management and challenges
        date: 2020-08-31
       words: 5024
      flesch: 39
     summary: Considering that SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV are all β-coronaviruses, and their genomes, pathogenesis and clinical symptoms have certain similarities, this article draws lessons from previous studies on SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV infecting pregnant women to predict the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on pregnant women and fetuses and make some suggestions. In the same hospital, another newborn had confirmed COVID-19 infection 17 days after birth and a history of close contact with two confirmed cases 55 , the infant's mother and the maternity matron.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; infection; mers; patients; pregnancy; sars; syndrome; women
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        item: #535 of 5187
          id: cord-258307-nsdhvc8w
      author: Maki, Dennis G.
       title: SARS Revisited: The Challenge of Controlling Emerging Infectious Diseases at the Local, Regional, Federal, and Global Levels
        date: 2011-10-20
       words: 5024
      flesch: 35
     summary: [20] [21] [22] Because SARS is such a unique human viral infection and induces such an unusually severe systemic inflammatory response, 18, 19 it will be important to closely follow survivors of severe SARS for considerably longer to be certain that latently expressed progressive pulmonary fibrosis does not occur. Whereas uncontrolled studies of treated cohorts in Asia have suggested that using moderate doses of corticosteroids, 1 to 2 mg/kg of a prednisone-equivalent daily, at the first evidence of severe SARS, specifically hypoxemia, may improve survival, 59,61,62 corticosteroid therapy for SARS has had serious adverse effects, 63 and a single randomized trial of preemptive pulse corticosteroid therapy did not show benefit.
    keywords: avian; control; cov; health; human; influenza; outbreak; patients; sars; spread; syndrome; virus
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        item: #536 of 5187
          id: cord-258312-3v5t4k8d
      author: Majachani, Nicole
       title: A Case of a Newborn Baby Girl Infected with SARS-CoV-2 Due to Transplacental Viral Transmission
        date: 2020-10-25
       words: 1970
      flesch: 44
     summary: Although similar viruses like severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 1 have not demonstrated the ability to cause fetal infection, SARS-CoV-2 is able to bind ACE2 with much higher affinity [11] , thus increasing the probability of transplacental transmission. Upon admission to the hospital, initial laboratory studies revealed a white blood cell count (WBC) of 10 000 cells/mm 3 (Table 1 ) and a chest X-ray showed bibasilar opacities, supporting her diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 ( Figure 1 ).
    keywords: case; cov-2; infection; sars; transmission
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        item: #537 of 5187
          id: cord-258360-fqrn02lr
      author: Lee, Jimmy
       title: No evidence of coronaviruses or other potentially zoonotic viruses in Sunda pangolins (Manis javanica) entering the wildlife trade via Malaysia
        date: 2020-06-19
       words: 2838
      flesch: 35
     summary: They were confiscated at holding facilities, ports or borders prior to shipment, and had not yet been exposed to multiple potential sources of infection, unlike the confiscated animals in China reported by Xiao et al., (2020) and Lam et al., (2020) . Recently, four different groups have identified coronaviruses in imported Sunda or Malayan pangolins (Manis javanica) seized in raids on wildlife traders in China ( Liu et al., 2019; Lam et al., 2020; Xiao et al., 2020; Zhang et al., 2020) .
    keywords: coronavirus; et al; pangolins; sars; sunda; trade; wildlife
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        item: #538 of 5187
          id: cord-258382-ep73us0e
      author: Braga, Cássia L.
       title: The renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system: Role in pathogenesis and potential therapeutic target in COVID‐19
        date: 2020-07-13
       words: 2999
      flesch: 35
     summary: (ACE2): comparative modeling of the active site, specificity requirements, and chloride dependence Human monoclonal antibodies block the binding of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein to angiotensin converting enzyme 2 receptor High expression of ACE2 receptor of 2019-nCoV on the epithelial cells of oral mucosa Single-cell RNA-seq data analysis on the receptor ACE2 expression reveals the potential risk of different human organs vulnerable to 2019-nCoV infection A crucial role of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in SARS coronavirus-induced lung injury Characterization of spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 on virus entry and its immune cross-reactivity with SARS-CoV Expression of elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in SARS-CoV-infected ACE2+ cells in SARS patients: relation to the acute lung injury and pathogenesis of SARS Structure of the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain bound to the ACE2 receptor Structural basis of receptor recognition by SARS-CoV-2 Characterization of the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of 2019 novel coronavirus: implication for development of RBD protein as a viral attachment inhibitor and vaccine Structural basis for the recognition of SARS-CoV-2 by full-length human ACE2 Characterization of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) spike glycoprotein-mediated viral entry SARS coronavirus entry into host cells through a novel clathrin-and caveolae-independent endocytic pathway Hydroxychloroquine, a less toxic derivative of chloroquine, is effective in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro Key developments in renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibition Angiotensin II signal transduction: an update on mechanisms of physiology and pathophysiology Angiotensin receptors: structure, function, signaling and clinical applications Changes in angiotensin receptors expression play a pivotal role in the renal damage observed in spontaneously hypertensive rats Attenuation of ligand-induced activation of angiotensin II type 1 receptor signaling by the type 2 receptor via protein kinase Angiotensin AT(2) receptor stimulation inhibits early renal inflammation in renovascular hypertension A human homolog of angiotensin-converting enzyme Hydrolysis of biological peptides by human angiotensin-converting enzyme-related carboxypeptidase Relative affinity of angiotensin peptides and novel ligands at AT1 and AT2 receptors Angiotensin-(1-7) reverts the stimulatory effect of angiotensin II on the proximal tubule Na(+)-ATPase activity via a A779-sensitive receptor Angiotensin-(1-7) is an endogenous ligand for the G protein-coupled receptor Mas Angiotensin-(1-7) and angiotensin-(1-9): function in cardiac and vascular remodelling Angiotensin III: a physiological relevant peptide of the renin angiotensin system Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 inhibits lung injury induced by respiratory syncytial virus ACE2 activation confers endothelial protection and attenuates neointimal lesions in prevention of severe pulmonary arterial hypertension in rats Prevention of pulmonary vascular remodeling and of decreased BMPR-2 expression by losartan therapy in shunt-induced pulmonary hypertension Dysregulated renin-angiotensin system contributes to acute lung injury caused by hind-limb ischemia-reperfusion in mice Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 prevents lipopolysaccharide-induced rat acute lung injury via suppressing the ERK1/2 and NF-kappaB signaling pathways Covid-19: risk factors for severe disease and death The renin-angiotensin system and diabetes: an update. Vasc Health Risk Manage Standards of medical care in diabetes-2018 abridged for primary care providers Angiotensin II AT1 receptor blockade ameliorates brain inflammation Angiotensin II and inflammation: the effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition and angiotensin II receptor blockade ESC/ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension The ACE2/angiotensin-(1-7)/MAS axis of the renin-angiotensin system: focus on angiotensin Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition and angiotensin II receptor blockers on cardiac angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 The vasoprotective axes of the renin-angiotensin system: Physiological relevance and therapeutic implications in cardiovascular, hypertensive and kidney diseases SARS-CoV2: should inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system be withdrawn in patients with COVID-19?
    keywords: ace2; angiotensin; converting; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; receptor; sars
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        item: #539 of 5187
          id: cord-258431-8zgwj2fa
      author: Strafella, Claudia
       title: Analysis of ACE2 Genetic Variability among Populations Highlights a Possible Link with COVID-19-Related Neurological Complications
        date: 2020-07-03
       words: 4062
      flesch: 37
     summary: Interestingly, none of ACE2 eQTL variants located in and targeting ACE2 were reported in the lung tissue, which, instead, appeared particularly enriched in TMPRSS-associated eQTL variants. The frequency of the five SNVs were similarly distributed among male and female patients in each population, as well as between different populations, indicating that there are no gender effects underlying the frequency distribution of ACE2 variants.
    keywords: ace2; analysis; cov-2; frequency; italian; populations; sars; variants
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        item: #540 of 5187
          id: cord-258435-lhn34tc4
      author: Tracy, C Shawn
       title: Public perceptions of quarantine: community-based telephone survey following an infectious disease outbreak
        date: 2009-12-16
       words: 3726
      flesch: 41
     summary: Likewise, we continue to learn from historical analyses of the 1918 influenza pandemic, with one recent study providing strong support for the hypothesis that early implementation of public health measures such as quarantine can significantly reduce influenza transmission Prior to the 2003 outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), it had been more than 50 years since mass quarantine measures had been invoked in North America [1] .
    keywords: disease; health; measures; public; quarantine; sars; use
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        item: #541 of 5187
          id: cord-258533-gds7sdc9
      author: Lytras, Theodore
       title: High prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in repatriation flights to Greece from three European countries
        date: 2020-04-16
       words: 359
      flesch: 35
     summary: An interactive web-based dashboard to track COVID-19 in real time Estimating infection prevalence in Wuhan City from repatriation flights Estimating the number of infections and the impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions on COVID-19 in 11 European countries Estimating the ascertainment rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Wuhan, China: implications for management of the global outbreak We gratefully acknowledge all GSCP personnel for facilitating the repatriation and screening process, as well as our colleagues in the reference laboratories who examined the swab samples. key: cord-258533-gds7sdc9 authors: Lytras, Theodore; Dellis, George; Flountzi, Anastasia; Hatzianastasiou, Sophia; Nikolopoulou, Georgia; Tsekou, Katerina; Diamantis, Zafiris; Stathopoulou, Grigoria; Togka, Marianthi; Gerolymatos, Gerasimos; Rigakos, George; Sapounas, Spiridon; Tsiodras, Sotirios title: High prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in repatriation flights to Greece from three European countries date: 2020-04-16 journal: J Travel Med DOI: 10.1093/jtm/taaa054 sha: doc_id: 258533 cord_uid: gds7sdc9 Passengers on repatriation flights to Greece from the UK, Spain and Turkey were screened with oropharyngeal swabs on arrival for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
    keywords: infection
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        item: #542 of 5187
          id: cord-258548-1u7v1nlr
      author: Mansueto, Gelsomina
       title: Can COVID 2019 disease induces a specific cardiovascular damage or it exacerbates pre-existing cardiovascular diseases?
        date: 2020-06-26
       words: 5929
      flesch: 25
     summary: Heart damage patients had higher mortality than those without heart damage. The 3 main symptoms of COVID-19 disease are fever, cough, and shortness of breath.
    keywords: acute; cells; cov-2; covid-19; damage; disease; heart; infection; inflammatory; patients; risk; sars; study; virus
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        item: #543 of 5187
          id: cord-258576-ywbyflas
      author: Bösmüller, Hans
       title: The evolution of pulmonary pathology in fatal COVID-19 disease: an autopsy study with clinical correlation
        date: 2020-06-30
       words: 3638
      flesch: 38
     summary: The hypercoagulability may also contribute to the observed mortality by triggering cardiovascular events before the development of severe pulmonary disease [11, 20, 21] . In addition to severe pulmonary disease, disseminated coagulation and thrombus formation triggered by multifactorial endothelial damage are frequent events in fatal SARS-CoV-2 infection.
    keywords: alveolar; autopsy; covid-19; damage; disease; failure; il-6; patients; sars
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        item: #544 of 5187
          id: cord-258595-bk35vxlr
      author: Westhaus, Sandra
       title: Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in raw and treated wastewater in Germany – Suitability for COVID-19 surveillance and potential transmission risks
        date: 2020-08-18
       words: 4968
      flesch: 45
     summary: For the content of the dry residues, a defined volume of wastewater sample was dried at 105°C for 24 h (DIN 38409-1 (1987-01)), and the residue was weighed by a Sartorius A 120 S balance. In this study, wastewater samples were analysed with two different PCRs targeting SARS-CoV-2 RdRP and M-gene.
    keywords: cases; cov-2; covid-19; gene; qpcr; rna; samples; sars; studies; wastewater
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        item: #545 of 5187
          id: cord-258614-7unadw41
      author: Ogidigo, Joyce Oloaigbe
       title: Natural phyto, compounds as possible noncovalent inhibitors against SARS-CoV2 protease: computational approach
        date: 2020-10-25
       words: 8472
      flesch: 38
     summary: The six top screened Phyto-ligands (of the 86 compounds) with high binding energy, three FDA reference drugs and the apo-enzyme (APO) of the target was subjected to MD simulation. We went further to investigate the energetic inhibitory potency of the selected natural product in comparison with reference drugs.
    keywords: binding; compounds; cov-2; drugs; et al; figure; hydrogen; inhibitors; ligand; protease; protein; residues; sars; site; systems
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        item: #546 of 5187
          id: cord-258624-041cf99j
      author: Ahmad, Sajjad
       title: Design of a Novel Multi Epitope-Based Vaccine for Pandemic Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) by Vaccinomics and Probable Prevention Strategy against Avenging Zoonotics
        date: 2020-05-23
       words: 8231
      flesch: 43
     summary: The continuing 2019-nCoV epidemic threat of novel coronaviruses to global health &#x2014; The latest 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Situation Summary | CDC A novel coronavirus outbreak of global health concern ScienceDaily: Your source for the latest research news Database resources of the national center for biotechnology information Exoproteome and secretome derived broad spectrum novel drug and vaccine candidates in Vibrio cholerae targeted by Piper betel derived compounds Combating tigecycline resistant Acinetobacter baumannii: A leap forward towards multi-epitope based vaccine discovery Predicting transmembrane protein topology with a hidden Markov model: application to complete genomes The HMMTOP transmembrane topology prediction server SPAAN: a software program for prediction of adhesins and adhesin-like proteins using neural networks Adhesins as targets for vaccine development The immune epitope database (IEDB): 2018 update Improved method for predicting linear B-cell epitopes BepiPred-2.0: improving sequencebased B-cell epitope prediction using conformational epitopes MHCPred: a server for quantitative prediction of peptide--MHC binding Identification of putative vaccine candidates against Helicobacter pylori exploiting exoproteome and secretome: a reverse vaccinology based approach VirulentPred: a SVM based prediction method for virulent proteins in bacterial pathogens Vaxign: the first web-based vaccine design program for reverse vaccinology and applications for vaccine development AllerTOP-a server for in silico prediction of allergens Multi-epitope vaccines: a promising strategy against tumors and viral infections Peptide vaccine: progress and challenges Development of a multi-epitope peptide vaccine inducing robust T cell responses against brucellosis using immunoinformatics based approaches Exploring dengue genome to construct a multi-epitope based subunit vaccine by utilizing immunoinformatics approach to battle against dengue infection SCRATCH: a protein structure and structural feature prediction server I-TASSER server for protein 3D structure prediction homology modelling of protein structures and complexes others, Galaxy: a platform for interactive large-scale genome analysis GalaxyRefine: protein structure refinement driven by side-chain repacking Disulphide bonds and protein stability Disulfide by Design 2.0: a web-based tool for disulfide engineering in proteins Codon usage: nature's roadmap to expression and folding of proteins JCat: a novel tool to adapt codon usage of a target gene to its potential expression host Novel immunoinformatics approaches to design multi-epitope subunit vaccine for malaria by investigating anopheles salivary protein In-silico design of a multi-epitope vaccine candidate against onchocerciasis and related filarial diseases Computational immunology meets bioinformatics: the use of prediction tools for molecular binding in the simulation of the immune system PATCHDOCK and SymmDock: servers for rigid and symmetric docking FireDock: fast interaction refinement in molecular docking RRDistMaps: a UCSF Chimera tool for viewing and comparing protein distance maps Discovery studio visualizer VMD: visual molecular dynamics A one-pot multicomponent facile synthesis of dihydropyrimidin-2(1: H)-thione derivatives using triphenylgermane as a catalyst and its binding pattern validation Antechamber: an accessory software package for molecular mechanical calculations The FF14SB force field Langevin stabilization of molecular dynamics A fast SHAKE algorithm to solve distance constraint equations for small molecules in molecular dynamics simulations On the Berendsen thermostat CPPTRAJ: software for processing and analysis of molecular dynamics trajectory data UCSF Chimera-Superimposing and Morphing MMPBSA.py: This was significant to evaluate as homology between virus protein (s) to be used in vaccine designing and the host is likely to cause strong autoimmune reactions in the host [58] .
    keywords: binding; candidates; cell; construct; coronavirus; covid-19; energy; epitopes; glycoprotein; host; human; mepvc; molecular; protein; receptors; score; structure; system; tlr3; tlr4; vaccine
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        item: #547 of 5187
          id: cord-258630-mvz2l3yj
      author: Liu, Tiantian
       title: A benchmarking study of SARS-CoV-2 whole-genome sequencing protocols using COVID-19 patient samples
        date: 2020-11-10
       words: 11054
      flesch: 48
     summary: Furthermore, when the samples contained high viral input, both P1 and P7 could achieve high viral genome coverage (min10X) at lower read depths as compared to all other protocols (Fig. 3b) . To evaluate the variability of viral load on the SARS-CoV-2 WGS performance, we compared the SARS-CoV-2, human, and bacterial reference mapping rates between low (1K copies) and high viral inputs (250K and 1M copies) across seven protocols (Fig. 2d-f ).
    keywords: cov-2; coverage; data; fig; genome; input; primer; protocols; reads; rna; samples; sars; sequencing; snv; suppl
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        item: #548 of 5187
          id: cord-258681-66ct8nod
      author: Warnock, David G.
       title: Clinical Trials during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic
        date: 2020-04-14
       words: 748
      flesch: 43
     summary: Clinicaltrials.gov lists >100 entries for SARS-CoV-2 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?cond = SARS-CoV+Infection&draw = 2&rank = 17#rowId16), but most trials are not yet recruiting ( Table 1 ). Furthermore, the stage will be set for trials with novel retroviral therapies, or soluble ACE2 acting as a decoy receptor to reduce the cellular uptake of SARS-CoV-2 [4] .
    keywords: covid-19; disease; sars
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        item: #549 of 5187
          id: cord-258701-jyzxu9nk
      author: Kaushal, Darwin
       title: Endoscopy in Otorhinolaryngology During Corona Outbreak: A Proposal for Safe Practice
        date: 2020-08-13
       words: 2466
      flesch: 51
     summary: Screen the temperature prior to procedure Procedure area Three rooms required • Entry through first room for Donning. Minimise the number of HCWs in the procedure room when performing a procedure on COVID-19 positive patients.
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; endoscopies; endoscopy; health; procedure; room
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        item: #550 of 5187
          id: cord-258708-da6x5rxa
      author: Hafiane, Anouar
       title: SARS-CoV-2 and the cardiovascular system
        date: 2020-07-16
       words: 4043
      flesch: 34
     summary: Accumulating data points to an increased cardiovascular disease morbidity, and mortality in COVID-19 patients. COVID-19 patients presented with mild flu-like symptoms, and a few patients rapidly develop acute respiratory distress syndrome, respiratory failure, multiple organ failure, and even deaths ( Table 1 ).
    keywords: ace2; acute; angiotensin; cardiac; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; infection; patients; sars
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        item: #551 of 5187
          id: cord-258722-1o6zhnnj
      author: Gbinigie, Kome
       title: Should azithromycin be used to treat COVID-19? A rapid review
        date: 2020-05-13
       words: 3323
      flesch: 47
     summary: In vivo studies were included assessing the effectiveness and/or safety of azithromycin for the treatment of COVID-19. The intervention was defined as the treatment of COVID-19 with azithromycin, and for inclusion, in vivo studies needed to provide data allowing comparisons to be made between patients who did and did not receive azithromycin.
    keywords: azithromycin; covid-19; hydroxychloroquine; patients; studies; treatment
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        item: #552 of 5187
          id: cord-258724-1qhen1bj
      author: Young, Barnaby E
       title: Viral dynamics and immune correlates of COVID-19 disease severity
        date: 2020-08-28
       words: 3616
      flesch: 43
     summary: Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China Interventions to mitigate early spread of SARS-CoV-2 in Singapore: a modelling study Clinical and immunological features of severe and moderate coronavirus disease 2019 Dysregulation of Immune Response in Patients With Coronavirus Longitudinal analyses reveal immunological misfiring in severe COVID-19 Longitudinal COVID-19 profiling associates IL-1RA and IL-10 with disease severity and RANTES with mild disease Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in patients of novel coronavirus disease Virological assessment of hospitalized patients with COVID-2019 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2-Specific Antibody Responses in Coronavirus Disease Patients Temporal profiles of viral load in posterior oropharyngeal saliva samples and serum antibody responses during infection by SARS-CoV-2: an observational cohort study Kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 specific IgM and IgG responses in COVID-19 patients Neutralizing Antibody Responses to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Inpatients and Convalescent Patients Impact of immune enhancement on Covid-19 polyclonal hyperimmune globulin therapy and vaccine development Viral load dynamics and disease severity in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Zhejiang province, China Shedding of infectious virus in hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): duration and key determinants SARS-CoV-2 Virus Culture and Subgenomic RNA for Respiratory Specimens from Patients with Mild Coronavirus Disease Temporal dynamics in viral shedding and transmissibility of COVID-19 Epidemiologic Features and Clinical Course of Patients Infected With SARS-CoV-2 in Singapore COVID-19 CRF -ISARIC. Studies of COVID-19 patients have described the inflammatory milieu in severe infections, with raised neutrophils, suppressed lymphocytes and elevated inflammatory mediators [3, 4] .
    keywords: c r; covid-19; disease; patients; pcr; sars; severity; study
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        item: #553 of 5187
          id: cord-258725-z79gel8h
      author: Wood, R.
       title: Sharing a household with children and risk of COVID-19: a study of over 300,000 adults living in healthcare worker households in Scotland
        date: 2020-09-22
       words: 5320
      flesch: 45
     summary: For this fully adjusted analysis, the confidence interval included the null, and so was consistent with no beneficial effect of sharing a household with young children (HR per child 0.89; 95% CI 0.74-1.06). We found an inverse association between the number of young children in the household and risk of COVID-19 requiring hospitalisation in the part-time stratum (HR per child 0.63; 95% CI 0.43-0.92) but not in the whole time stratum (1.04; 95% CI 0.84-1.28, P-interaction = 0.007).
    keywords: adults; children; covid-19; household; license; medrxiv; preprint; sars
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        item: #554 of 5187
          id: cord-258792-4lakgpxp
      author: Yoon, Sung‐Won
       title: Sovereign Dignity, Nationalism and the Health of a Nation: A Study of China's Response in Combat of Epidemics
        date: 2008-04-08
       words: 7935
      flesch: 45
     summary: The official narrative of modern China is generally a tragic tale of its fall from being the 'centre of the Universe' beginning with the Opium Wars, to the incursion of Western powers into imperial China, to the grand finale of the invasion of China by the Japanese. This sort of mentality belies a negotiated basis of existence behind the modern Chinese nation -as if to say that there are no problems that modern China cannot handle or solve.
    keywords: aids; china; chinese; disease; epidemic; government; health; national; nationalism; nations; outbreak; response; sars; world
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        item: #555 of 5187
          id: cord-258844-b4d79m1f
      author: Denning, M.
       title: DETERMINANTS OF BURNOUT AND OTHER ASPECTS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING IN HEALTHCARE WORKERS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A MULTINATIONAL CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
        date: 2020-07-18
       words: 3796
      flesch: 43
     summary: Methods From 22nd March 2020 to 18th June 2020, healthcare workers from the United Kingdom, Poland, and Singapore were invited to participate using a self-administered questionnaire comprising the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire (SAQ), Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) to evaluate safety culture, burnout and anxiety/depression. Conclusion Our findings demonstrate a significant burden of burnout, anxiety, and depression amongst healthcare workers.
    keywords: anxiety; attitudes; burnout; covid-19; depression; healthcare; safety; study; workers
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        item: #556 of 5187
          id: cord-258859-iaiosjlu
      author: Wang, Jiao
       title: Mask use during COVID-19: A risk adjusted strategy()
        date: 2020-06-25
       words: 2687
      flesch: 36
     summary: key: cord-258859-iaiosjlu authors: Wang, Jiao; Pan, Lijun; Tang, Song; Ji, John S.; Shi, Xiaoming title: Mask use during COVID-19: A risk adjusted strategy() date: 2020-06-25 journal: To achieve this goal, government should establish a risk adjusted strategy of mask use to scientifically publicize the use of masks, guarantee sufficient supply of masks, and cooperate for reducing health resources inequities.
    keywords: cases; coronavirus; covid-19; mask; pandemic; public; sars; use
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        item: #557 of 5187
          id: cord-258873-l9oxmqdp
      author: Baker, D.
       title: COVID‐19 vaccine‐readiness for anti‐CD20‐depleting therapy in autoimmune diseases
        date: 2020-08-01
       words: 6044
      flesch: 37
     summary: As such, drug‐induced B cell subset inhibition, that controls at least some autoimmunities, would not influence innate and CD8 T cell responses, which are central to SARS‐CoV‐2 elimination, nor the hypercoagulation and innate inflammation causing severe morbidity. However, while B cell responses to a variety of different vaccines are clearly inhibited by CD20 depletion despite some inhibition of CD20 T cells [99, 113] , inactivated herpes zoster vaccine can at least induce T cell responses [114] .
    keywords: cell; cov-2; covid-19; ocrelizumab; patients; people; responses; rituximab; sars; sclerosis; treatment; vaccine
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        item: #558 of 5187
          id: cord-258902-h0wrs01h
      author: Liu, Xianglei
       title: Enhanced Elicitation of Potent Neutralizing Antibodies by the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Receptor Binding Domain Fc Fusion Protein in Mice
        date: 2020-09-22
       words: 5032
      flesch: 44
     summary: The impact of his tag on the detection of RBD binding titer is marginal ( Figure. S2C) . Four groups of 8-10 week old female BALB/c mice (n=5) were immunized twice (day 0 and day 14) subcutaneously with RBD proteins (10 μg/mouse) with or without adjuvant MF59.
    keywords: antibody; cell; cov-2; day; fusion; protein; rbd; sars; sera; titer; virus
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        item: #559 of 5187
          id: cord-258905-0hgdtalg
      author: Bond, Katherine
       title: Evaluation of Serological Tests for SARS-CoV-2: Implications for Serology Testing in a Low-Prevalence Setting
        date: 2020-08-06
       words: 3669
      flesch: 37
     summary: The overall sensitivity for either IgA or IgG detection was 67.9% (95% CI, 59.4%-75.6%) and specificity was 72.8% (95% CI, 62.6%-81.6%) CONCLUSIONS: Performance characteristics for COVID-19 serological assays were generally lower than those reported by manufacturers.
    keywords: assay; cov-2; covid-19; igg; poct; samples; sars; testing
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        item: #560 of 5187
          id: cord-258914-g6pv8zz9
      author: Proud, Pamela C.
       title: Prophylactic intranasal administration of a TLR2 agonist reduces upper respiratory tract viral shedding in a SARS-CoV-2 challenge ferret model
        date: 2020-09-25
       words: 1195
      flesch: 31
     summary: Scheduled culls were performed for 6/24 ferrets on day 3 p.c. and 18/24 ferrets on Origin and evolution of pathogenic coronaviruses Evolutionary history, potential intermediate animal host, and cross-462 species analyses of SARS-CoV-2 Epidemiology and cause of severe acute respiratory 465 syndrome (SARS) in Guangdong, People's Republic of China Isolation of a Novel Coronavirus from a Man with Pneumonia 470 in Saudi Arabia Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel 473 coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding The trinity of 476 COVID-19: immunity, inflammation and intervention Clinical characteristics of 24 asymptomatic infections with COVID-479 19 screened among close contacts in Nanjing, China. bioRxiv Ferret models of viral pathogenesis Mapping influenza transmission in the ferret model 532 to transmission in humans Receptor Recognition by 534 the Novel Coronavirus from Wuhan: an Analysis Based on Decade Structural Studies of SARS Coronavirus Pathology of Experimental SARS Coronavirus 538 Infection in Cats and Ferrets Susceptibility of ferrets, cats, dogs, and other domesticated animals 541 to SARS-coronavirus 2 Are Most Highly Expressed in Nasal Goblet and Ciliated Cells within Human 545 Airways The Role of TLR2 in 547 TLR-Dependent Human Mucosal Epithelial Cell 550 Responses to Microbial Pathogens
    keywords: coronavirus; ferret; sars; urt; virus
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        item: #561 of 5187
          id: cord-259033-op94wuy4
      author: Wendling, Daniel
       title: Can SARS-CoV-2 trigger reactive arthritis?
        date: 2020-10-27
       words: 1194
      flesch: 36
     summary: The fear of infection of patients with rheumatological disease, due to rheumatological disease itself but also and above all due to the possible use of immunomodulating treatments, was at the center of the discussions and raised the question of the appropriateness of maintaining this treatment in the absence of signs of infection [1] . A few cases of acute arthritis or dactylitis have been reported, some of which may be suggestive of reactive arthritis.
    keywords: arthritis; covid-19; disease
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        item: #562 of 5187
          id: cord-259084-lwh3rww4
      author: Anderson, Cole
       title: Pooling nasopharyngeal swab specimens to increase testing capacity for SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-05-22
       words: 1007
      flesch: 41
     summary: In this study, we examined the feasibility of pooling nasopharyngeal swab specimens submitted 44 for COVID-19 testing using the CDC 2019-nCoV RT-PCR diagnostic panel without compromising 45 clinical sensitivity. Available at Update: FDA Issues first Emergency Use Authorization for Point 172 of Care Diagnostic | FDA Pooling nasopharyngeal/throat swab specimens to increase testing 176 capacity for influenza viruses by PCR Pooling of sera for human 178 immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing: An economical method for use in developing 179 countries Pooling of clinical 181 specimens prior to testing for Chlamydia trachomatis by PCR is accurate and cost saving High throughput screening of 16 million serologically negative blood 184 donors for hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus and human immunodeficiency virus type-1 185 by nucleic acid amplification testing with specific and sensitive multiplex reagent in 186 Utility of pooled urine specimens for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis 188 and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in men attending public sexually transmitted infection clinics 189 in Mumbai, India, by PCR Evaluation of COVID-19 RT-qPCR test in multi-sample pools Pooling of samples for testing for SARS-CoV-2 in asymptomatic people Increasing testing throughput and case detection with a 195 pooled-sample Bayesian approach in the context of COVID-19 BioFire COVID-19 Test Emergency Use Authorization
    keywords: covid-19; pooling; specimens; testing
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        item: #563 of 5187
          id: cord-259185-qg4jwbes
      author: Vadlamani, B. S.
       title: Functionalized TiO2 nanotube-based Electrochemical Biosensor for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-09-09
       words: 3993
      flesch: 45
     summary: Causing an Outbreak of Pneumonia Positive RT-PCR Test Results in Patients Recovered From COVID-19 A SARS-CoV-2 surrogate virus neutralization test ( sVNT ) based on antibody-mediated blockage of ACE2-spike ( RBD ) protein-protein interaction Diagnostic performance of seven rapid IgG / IgM antibody tests and the Euroimmun IgA / IgG ELISA in COVID-19 patients Coronavirus infections and immune responses Structural and functional properties of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein : potential antivirus drug development for COVID-19 Characterization of the receptorbinding domain (RBD) of 2019 novel coronavirus: implication for development of RBD protein as a viral attachment inhibitor and vaccine. Amperometry electrochemical studies indicated that the sensor could detect the protein in the concentration range 14 nM to 1400 nM. The relationship between sensor response and protein concentration was found to be linear with the limit of detection as low as ~0.7 nM levels.
    keywords: cov-2; detection; license; medrxiv; preprint; protein; rbd; sars; sensor
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        item: #564 of 5187
          id: cord-259200-65b267ic
      author: Harypursat, Vijay
       title: Six weeks into the 2019 coronavirus disease outbreak: it is time to consider strategies to impede the emergence of new zoonotic infections
        date: 2020-05-05
       words: 1724
      flesch: 34
     summary: The complete ban on market trading and sale of wild game meat in China on January 26th, 2020 will help prevent zoonotic transmission of 2019-nCoV in the current epidemic and, to a certain degree, help prevent emergence of new zoonotic infections. It is, therefore, an urgent priority for local and international health and wildlife regulatory authorities to structure and implement robust control mechanisms that effectively reduce human exposure to wild game meat and their products.
    keywords: human; ncov; outbreak; sars
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        item: #565 of 5187
          id: cord-259223-6b07qiw2
      author: Feitosa, Eduardo L
       title: COVID-19: Rational discovery of the therapeutic potential of Melatonin as a SARS-CoV-2 main Protease Inhibitor
        date: 2020-07-30
       words: 6859
      flesch: 34
     summary: In addition to its therapeutic properties on hyper-inflammation, oedema, immune dysregulation and possible sepsis in moderate-advanced stages of the disease, this drug may also be evaluated for its antiviral action in more recent stages of COVID-19 infection. WHO declares COVID-19 a pandemic Clinical course and mortality risk of severe COVID-19 Covid-19 -navigating the uncharted Covid-19: doctors are told not to perform CPR on patients in cardiac arrest A trial of lopinavir-ritonavir in adults hospitalized with severe Covid-19 Case of the index patient who caused tertiary transmission of COVID-19 infection in Korea: the application of lopinavir/ ritonavir for the treatment of COVID-19 infected pneumonia monitored by quantitative RT-PCR Patients of COVID-19 may benefit from sustained lopinavir-combined regimen and the increase of eosinophil may predict the outcome of COVID-19 progression First clinical study using HCV protease inhibitor danoprevir to treat naive and experienced COVID-19 patients Lopinavir/ritonavir combination therapy amongst symptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 patients in India:
    keywords: binding; cells; complexes; coronavirus; covid-19; immune; infection; interaction; melatonin; mpro; patients; potential; protease; protein; results; sars; site; therapeutic; treatment
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        item: #566 of 5187
          id: cord-259229-e8m8m4ut
      author: Samidurai, Arun
       title: Cardiovascular Complications Associated with COVID-19 and Potential Therapeutic Strategies
        date: 2020-09-16
       words: 10793
      flesch: 30
     summary: While the ACE2 gene is located on the X-chromosome, gender has an impact among COVID-19 patients, where men are at increased risk of susceptibility to COVID-19 infection and CVD complications due to their hemizygous allele for ACE2 compared to heterozygous allele in female [28] . Several promising therapeutics are under investigation to the overall prognosis of COVID-19 patients with high risk of cardiovascular impairment, nevertheless to date, none have shown proven clinical efficacy.
    keywords: ace2; acute; angiotensin; cardiac; cell; china; complications; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; covid-19 patients; disease; failure; heart; infection; mortality; patients; risk; sars; study; treatment; vaccine
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        item: #567 of 5187
          id: cord-259238-n2uuaof6
      author: Zhang, Bao-Zhong
       title: SARS-CoV-2 infects human neural progenitor cells and brain organoids
        date: 2020-08-04
       words: 1909
      flesch: 47
     summary: The finding that SARS-CoV-2 can productively infect human brain organoids highlights the potential of direct viral involvement in neurological symptoms in COVID-19 patients. During the submission process of this manuscript, the susceptibility of human brain organoid was similarly suggested by two independent studies.
    keywords: brain; cov-2; fig; organoids; sars
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        item: #568 of 5187
          id: cord-259261-fmuozy3w
      author: Bickler, Stephen W.
       title: AGE IS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED EXPRESSION OF PATTERN RECOGNITION RECEPTOR GENES AND ACE2, THE RECEPTOR FOR SARS-COV-2: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF COVID-19 DISEASE
        date: 2020-06-16
       words: 2041
      flesch: 43
     summary: The highest case fatality rates are in the 80 years and older age group (7.8%), with the lowest in the 0-9 years age group (0.00161%) (3) . Older age was associated with increased expression of PRR genes, ACE2 and four genes that encode proteins that have been shown to interact with SAR2-CoV-2 proteins.
    keywords: age; cov-2; expression; genes; prr; sars
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        item: #569 of 5187
          id: cord-259267-trpo5w11
      author: Vilibic-Cavlek, Tatjana
       title: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 seroprevalence among personnel in the healthcare facilities of Croatia, 2020
        date: 2020-08-26
       words: 1497
      flesch: 40
     summary: Statistical estimates of COVID-19 incidence indicated that the number of asymptomatic cases was significant 3 . participants reported contact with a confirmed COVID-19 patient, participation in large community events, and travelling to areas with documented COVID-19 transmission, respectively.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; hcws; healthcare; sars
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        item: #570 of 5187
          id: cord-259340-1ir19s25
      author: Das, Rohit Pritam
       title: Identification of peptide candidate against COVID-19 through reverse vaccinology: An immunoinformatics approach
        date: 2020-07-01
       words: 1644
      flesch: 44
     summary: In this connection, epitope based peptide design have remarkable privilege than conventional vaccine development. Prediction of B-cell epitope is a crucial step in epitope base vaccine design [28] .
    keywords: cell; cov-2; peptide; protein; sars; vaccine
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        item: #571 of 5187
          id: cord-259347-3acsko74
      author: Cheng, Qi
       title: Infectivity of human coronavirus in the brain
        date: 2020-05-28
       words: 3996
      flesch: 37
     summary: We declare no conflicts of interest. Identification of an epitope of SARS-coronavirus nucleocapsid protein Engineering the largest RNA virus genome as an infectious bacterial artificial chromosome Neuroinvasion by human respiratory coronaviruses Vacuolating encephalitis in mice infected by human coronavirus OC43 Human respiratory coronavirus OC43: genetic stability and neuroinvasion Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding Neurological manifestations in COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 Persistent infection of human oligodendrocytic and neuroglial cell lines by human coronavirus 229E Acute and persistent infection of human neural cell lines by human coronavirus OC43 Infection of primary cultures of human neural cells by human coronaviruses 229E and OC43 Murine encephalitis caused by HCoV-OC43, a human coronavirus with broad species specificity, is partly immunemediated Susceptibility of murine CNS to OC43 infection Axonal Transport Enables Neuron-to-Neuron Propagation of Human Coronavirus OC43 Detection of coronavirus in the central nervous system of a child with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis Human Coronavirus OC43 Associated with Fatal Encephalitis A rare cause of acute flaccid paralysis: human coronaviruses Susceptibility of human and rat neural cell lines to infection by SARS-coronavirus Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection causes neuronal death in the absence of encephalitis in mice transgenic for human ACE2 Mechanisms of host defense following severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) pulmonary infection of mice A mouse-adapted SARS-coronavirus causes disease and mortality in BALB/c mice Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection of mice transgenic for the human Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 virus receptor Lethal infection of K18-hACE2 mice infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Differential virological and immunological outcome of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in susceptible and resistant transgenic mice expressing human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 Generation of a transgenic mouse model of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection and disease middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus causes multiple organ damage and lethal disease in mice transgenic for human Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 Detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in the brain: potential role of the chemokine mig in pathogenesis Multiple organ infection and the pathogenesis of SARS Organ distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in SARS patients: implications for pathogenesis and virus transmission pathways Possible central nervous system infection by SARS coronavirus Detection of SARS coronavirus RNA in the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient with severe acute respiratory syndrome Severe neurologic syndrome associated with Middle East respiratory syndrome corona virus (MERS-CoV) Neurological Complications of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus: a Report of Two Cases and Review of the Literature Effect of olfactory bulb ablation on spread of a neurotropic coronavirus into the mouse brain Viremic dissemination of mouse hepatitis virus-JHM following intranasal inoculation of mice Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: another zoonotic betacoronavirus causing SARS-like disease Immunological and neuropathological significance of the Virchow-Robin space Dilated Virchow-Robin spaces in cryptococcal meningitis associated with AIDS: CT and MR findings The clinical pathology of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): a report from China Persistence of physical symptoms in and abnormal laboratory findings for survivors of severe acute respiratory syndrome Posttraumatic stress, anxiety, and depression in survivors of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Human coronavirus OC43 infection induces chronic encephalitis leading to disabilities in BALB/C mice Murine Olfactory Bulb Interneurons Survive Infection with a Neurotropic Coronavirus Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus Expression of elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in SARS-CoV-infected ACE2+ cells in SARS patients: relation to the acute lung injury and pathogenesis of SARS Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus.
    keywords: acute; brain; cns; coronavirus; cov; human; infection; sars; syndrome
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        item: #572 of 5187
          id: cord-259396-vmc2q1bi
      author: Periyasamy, Petrick
       title: Aerosolized SARS-CoV-2 transmission risk: Surgical or N95 masks?
        date: 2020-09-15
       words: 1531
      flesch: 46
     summary: A cluster randomized clinical trial comparing fit-tested and non-fit-tested N95 respirators to medical masks to prevent respiratory virus infection in health care workers Effectiveness of N95 respirators versus surgical masks in protecting health care workers from acute respiratory infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis COVID-19 and the risk to health care workers: a case report Medical masks vs N95 respirators for preventing COVID-19 in healthcare workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials Nonpharmaceutical measures for pandemic influenza in nonhealthcare settings-personal protective and environmental measures Physical interventions to interrupt or reduce the spread of respiratory viruses: systematic review Surface environmental, and personal protective equipment contamination by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) from a symptomatic patient Effectiveness of masks and respirators against respiratory infections in healthcare workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis Guidance on the use of respiratory and facial protection equipment Acknowledgments. In one study comparing fit-testing with no fittesting, there was no difference in respiratory infection risk between the 2 groups.
    keywords: covid-19; hcws; masks; sars
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        item: #573 of 5187
          id: cord-259471-lsdodl0a
      author: Pagliano, Pasquale
       title: Is Hydroxychloroquine a Possible Postexposure Prophylaxis Drug to Limit the Transmission to Healthcare Workers Exposed to Coronavirus Disease 2019?
        date: 2020-03-24
       words: 631
      flesch: 19
     summary: Repurposing of the anti-malaria drug chloroquine for Zika virus treatment and prophylaxis Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread Clinical trial analysis of 2019-nCoV therapy registered in China Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine are able to inhibit replication at early stages of viral infection, increasing endosomal pH at the time of virus/cell fusion, as well as impairing the glycosylation of cellular receptors of many viruses including coronavirus [3] .
    keywords: cov-2; hydroxychloroquine; sars
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        item: #574 of 5187
          id: cord-259523-92hz534s
      author: Pullen, Lara C.
       title: COVID‐19: transplant works toward adaptation
        date: 2020-09-29
       words: 1642
      flesch: 46
     summary: As the potential for donor-derived COVID-19 infection is not understood, transplant centers and organizations err on the side of caution. Thus, transplant centers and organ procurement organizations apply the precautionary principle and look to small studies of SARS-CoV-2 as well as studies of related coronaviruses for guidance.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; sars; transplant
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        item: #575 of 5187
          id: cord-259558-remrzrq1
      author: LeBlanc, Jason J.
       title: A combined oropharyngeal/nares swab is a suitable alternative to nasopharyngeal swabs for the detection of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-05-16
       words: 1462
      flesch: 38
     summary: The limited and unpredictable supply of NP swabs during the COVID-19 pandemic prompted the evaluation of swabs that were readily available and commonly used for sexually transmitted infections. Infectious Diseases (except HIV/AIDS) Effect of throat washings on detection of 2019 novel coronavirus Saliva is more sensitive for SARS-CoV-2 detection in COVID-19 patients than nasopharyngeal swabs Avaniss-Aghajani A. 2020.
    keywords: cov-2; sars; swabs
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        item: #576 of 5187
          id: cord-259566-qtlq7a6l
      author: Guraya, Salman Yousuf
       title: Transforming laparoendoscopic surgical protocols during COVID-19 pandemic; big data analytics, resource allocation and operational considerations; a review article
        date: 2020-06-23
       words: 2424
      flesch: 34
     summary: Regrettably, despite this profound work, so far we have neither succeeded in drawing a unified contingency management protocol nor a vaccine for combating COVID-19 disease. Parallel with the evolving guidelines for combating COVID-19 outbreak in medical field, several international surgical societies and regulatory bodies have adopted a host of surgical protocols.
    keywords: covid-19; disease; pandemic; patients; procedures; sars; surgery; transmission
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        item: #577 of 5187
          id: cord-259572-8n12n6ym
      author: Bogensperger, Christina
       title: Dealing with liver transplantation in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: Normothermic machine perfusion enables for donor, organ and recipient assessment – A Case Report
        date: 2020-07-22
       words: 936
      flesch: 39
     summary: Here we present the case of a liver transplant recipient, in whom prolonged liver preservation required for SARS-CoV-2 screening was accomplished through normothermic machine preservation (NMP), which we have recently established as a routine in liver transplantation (6). NMP offers to extend preservation times in liver transplantation while awaiting SARS-CoV-2 test results and availability of ICU capacity. exceed permissible ischemia times.
    keywords: liver; preservation; sars
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        item: #578 of 5187
          id: cord-259585-mjtxiu0t
      author: Occhipinti, Vincenzo
       title: Challenges in the Care of IBD Patients During the CoViD-19 Pandemic: Report From a “Red Zone” Area in Northern Italy
        date: 2020-04-21
       words: 2806
      flesch: 40
     summary: As a tertiary care center for IBD patients and one of the most prominent in the Milan metropolitan area, our IBD center from the very beginning of the CoViD-19 pandemic has been hit with a daily onslaught of phone calls and e-mails from our patients with concerns as to how the situation may affect them. Anecdotally, IBD patients do not appear to be at higher risk of developing CoViD-19 compared with the general population.
    keywords: covid-19; disease; hospital; ibd; patients; risk
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        item: #579 of 5187
          id: cord-259593-shrd1s7r
      author: Qin, Zhao-ling
       title: siRNAs targeting terminal sequences of the SARS-associated coronavirus membrane gene inhibit M protein expression through degradation of M mRNA
        date: 2007-06-27
       words: 4617
      flesch: 45
     summary: The results showed that the M protein is mainly located in the Golgi apparatus, and that the specific siRNAs corresponding to SCoV M gene specifically degraded M mRNA, significantly inhibiting M protein expression. The changes of SCoV M gene expression in siRNA co-transfected cells, normalized to GAPDH and relative to its expression in mock-transfected cells, were calculated for each sample.
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; egfp; expression; fluorescence; gene; protein; sars; scov; sirna
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        item: #580 of 5187
          id: cord-259603-bh198xgl
      author: Snijder, E.J.
       title: The Nonstructural Proteins Directing Coronavirus RNA Synthesis and Processing
        date: 2016-09-14
       words: 24307
      flesch: 38
     summary: Whereas the poor replication fidelity generally restricts RNA virus genome sizes, it has been postulated that nidovirus genome expansion was enabled by the acquisition of specific replicative functions that counter the error rate of the RNA polymerase (Deng et al., 2014; Eckerle et al., 2010; Snijder et al., 2003) (discussed in more detail later). A recent structural study of the arterivirus nsp10-helicase (Deng et al., 2014) will be discussed in more detail later.
    keywords: activity; binding; bouvet et; chen et; complex; conserved; coronavirus; cov; covs; domain; et al; exon; fig; genome; helicase; interactions; lehmann et; mrna; mtase; nidovirus; nsp10; nsp8; protein; rdrp; replicase; replication; residues; rna; rna synthesis; role; sars; site; structure; studies; synthesis
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        item: #581 of 5187
          id: cord-259619-sco0d5cc
      author: Ludvigsson, Johnny
       title: Corona Pandemic: Assisted Isolation and Care to Protect Vulnerable Populations May Allow Us to Shorten the Universal Lock-Down and Gradually Re-open Society
        date: 2020-09-30
       words: 2499
      flesch: 43
     summary: We suggest here that more selective assisted isolation of vulnerable populations would reduce the predictable increase in hospital admissions and more rapidly alleviate the fallout from total lockdown measures. Sweden has used a policy rather similar to our recommendations to protect vulnerable groups, without a Frontiers in Public Health | www.frontiersin.org total lock-down of the society.
    keywords: care; countries; covid-19; health; measures; people; virus
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        item: #582 of 5187
          id: cord-259620-qigfstxt
      author: Yang, Chen
       title: Kidney injury molecule-1 is a potential receptor for SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-10-10
       words: 3424
      flesch: 44
     summary: Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China Q: Product of natural evolution (SARS, MERS, and SARS-CoV-2); deadly diseases, from SARS to SARS-CoV-2 Organ distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in SARS patients: implications for pathogenesis and virus transmission pathways C: In-vitro renal epithelial cell infection reveals a viral kidney tropism as a potential mechanism for acute renal failure during Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) Consistent with our findings, latest clinical reports combined with mutational scanning suggest that V367F may lead to enhanced viral infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 28, 29 .
    keywords: ace2; binding; cov-2; figure; kidney; kim1; patients; rbd; sars
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        item: #583 of 5187
          id: cord-259660-x9sobzyw
      author: Mohakud, Nirmal K
       title: An Assumed Vertical Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 During Pregnancy: A Case Report and Review of Literature
        date: 2020-09-26
       words: 1436
      flesch: 54
     summary: The authors of one study described that three newborns born to mothers with COVID-19 infection had positive antibodies (IgM and IgG) at birth Our report shows that COVID-19 infection may possibly get transmitted vertically to the fetus.
    keywords: case; covid-19; hours; transmission
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        item: #584 of 5187
          id: cord-259668-nwezszhj
      author: Ortiz, Alberto
       title: Complement and protection from tissue injury in COVID-19
        date: 2020-10-04
       words: 2622
      flesch: 32
     summary: The case of complement activation in COVID-19 multiorgan impact COVID-19, microangiopathy, hemostatic activation, and complement COVID-19: complement, coagulation, and collateral damage Rationale for targeting complement in COVID-19 Risk factors for severity of COVID-19 in chronic dialysis patients from a multicenter French cohort Validation of distinct pathogenic patterns in a cohort of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis patients by cluster analysis Cluster analysis identifies distinct pathogenetic patterns in C3 glomerulopathies/ immune complex-mediated membranoproliferative GN Association of COVID-19 inflammation with activation of the C5a-C5aR1 axis Increased complement receptor-3 levels in monocytes and granulocytes distinguish COVID-19 patients with pneumonia from those with mild symptoms Complement and tissue factor-enriched neutrophil extracellular traps are key drivers in COVID-19 immunothrombosis Renal artery thrombosis induced by coronavirus disease 2019 Immune complement and coagulation dysfunction in adverse outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection Abnormal immunity of nonsurvivors with COVID-19: predictors for mortality The first case of COVID-19 treated with the complement C3 inhibitor AMY-101 Combination of ruxolitinib and eculizumab for treatment of severe SARS-CoV-2-related acute respiratory distress syndrome: a controlled study Eculizumab treatment in patients with COVID-19: preliminary results from real life ASL Napoli 2 While complement components are not usually assessed in routine care of COVID-19 patients, as illustrated by a recent detailed report of risk factors for severity of in chronic dialysis patients [10] , Prendecki et al.
    keywords: activation; complement; covid-19; disease; eculizumab; injury; patients
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        item: #585 of 5187
          id: cord-259699-48jg7ci7
      author: González-Calatayud, Dra Mariel
       title: Observational study of the suspected or confirmed cases of sars COV-2 infection needing emergency surgical intervention during the first months of the pandemic in a third level hospital: Case series
        date: 2020-10-24
       words: 2798
      flesch: 38
     summary: Discharge was indicated because of patient improvement in 23 cases (54.8%), death in 18 cases (42.9%), and 1 case is still hospitalized (2.4%) This can be explained because many of the General Surgery patients, in addition to their infectious process by COVID-19, had another complication, like sepsis, In the same way, we can say that pregnant patients are healthy and have a physiological condition.
    keywords: cases; covid-19; mortality; patients; sars; surgery
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        item: #586 of 5187
          id: cord-259747-sl9q63oc
      author: Remmelink, Myriam
       title: Unspecific post-mortem findings despite multiorgan viral spread in COVID-19 patients
        date: 2020-08-12
       words: 4549
      flesch: 43
     summary: key: cord-259747-sl9q63oc authors: Remmelink, Myriam; De Mendonça, Ricardo; D’Haene, Nicky; De Clercq, Sarah; Verocq, Camille; Lebrun, Laetitia; Lavis, Philomène; Racu, Marie-Lucie; Trépant, Anne-Laure; Maris, Calliope; Rorive, Sandrine; Goffard, Jean-Christophe; De Witte, Olivier; Peluso, Lorenzo; Vincent, Jean-Louis; Decaestecker, Christine; Taccone, Fabio Silvio; Salmon, Isabelle title: Unspecific post-mortem findings despite multiorgan viral spread in COVID-19 patients date: 2020-08-12 journal: Crit Care DOI: 10.1186/s13054-020-03218-5 sha: doc_id: 259747 cord_uid: sl9q63oc BACKGROUND: Post-mortem studies can provide important information for understanding new diseases and small autopsy case series have already reported different findings in COVID-19 patients. Most of the previous post-mortem studies in COVID-19 patients were conducted using needle biopsies and were therefore rather limited in terms of sampling; our complete autopsy analysis identified considerable heterogeneity of SARS-CoV-2 spread through the human body and provides a more accurate description of macroscopic and microscopic organ alterations.
    keywords: acute; covid-19; findings; lung; organs; patients; pcr; samples; sars; study
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        item: #587 of 5187
          id: cord-259808-82drb14x
      author: Andrews, Paul L R
       title: COVID‐19, nausea, and vomiting
        date: 2020-10-05
       words: 7934
      flesch: 34
     summary: Patients with digestive tract symptoms, including nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, may have delayed hospital admission and a worse clinical outcome than those without. It has been argued 3 that the value of diarrhea as a clinical symptom in the diagnosis and spread of COVID-19 may be underestimated, particularly as digestive tract symptoms may precede respiratory ones.
    keywords: ace2; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; diarrhea; incidence; infection; nausea; patients; sars; studies; symptoms; tract; vomiting
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        item: #588 of 5187
          id: cord-259852-skhoro95
      author: Oboh, Mary Aigbiremo
       title: Beyond SARS-CoV-2: Lessons That African Governments Can Apply in Preparation for Possible Future Epidemics
        date: 2020-08-18
       words: 1662
      flesch: 34
     summary: COVID-19 scientific and public health policy update Insight into 2019 novel coronavirus -an updated interim review and lessons from SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV Ebola virus disease (EVD): an unprecedented major outbreak in West Africa Infectious disease outbreaks in the African region: overview of events reported to the World Health Organization Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) situation report -26 Update on clarification of flight restriction into Nigeria due to COVID-19 pandemic Preparedness and vulnerability of African countries against importations of COVID-19: a modelling study Quagmire of epidemic disease outbreaks reporting in Nigeria World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa. For instance, issues have emerged regarding the responsiveness of African countries in closing international borders to limit trans-continental transmission of the virus.
    keywords: countries; disease; epidemic; health; sars
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        item: #589 of 5187
          id: cord-259863-ndclxrm7
      author: Cooke, William R.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 infection in very preterm pregnancy: experiences from two cases
        date: 2020-05-15
       words: 729
      flesch: 51
     summary: Preterm delivery in pregnant woman with critical COVID -19 pneumonia and vertical transmission A case of 2019 Novel Coronavirus in a pregnant woman with preterm delivery Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in pregnant women: A report based on 116 cases Non-invasive ventilation was ruled out as it risked unscheduled delivery for maternal respiratory deterioration.
    keywords: baby; hours; sars
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        item: #590 of 5187
          id: cord-259869-kwzsdhrr
      author: Baghizadeh Fini, Maryam
       title: Oral saliva and CVID-19
        date: 2020-05-27
       words: 2443
      flesch: 43
     summary: Huge saliva droplets with more mass typically fall to the ground ballistically and small saliva droplets fly by airflow like a cloud over longer distances. When speaking, coughing, sneezing, or even breathing, saliva droplets are produced and shaped as particles in a combination of moisture and droplet nuclei of microorganisms.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; droplets; saliva; salivary; sars
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        item: #591 of 5187
          id: cord-259907-yqmi0cqy
      author: Maxwell, Cynthia
       title: Management guidelines for obstetric patients and neonates born to mothers with suspected or probable severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) No. 225, April 2009
        date: 2009-10-31
       words: 3421
      flesch: 42
     summary: The outcomes in pregnant SARS patients in Hong Kong appeared to be worse than outcomes in their non-pregnant counterparts. The overall number of staff was limited, and only a specific subgroup was assigned to the care of SARS pregnant patients.
    keywords: care; evidence; health; mother; patients; pregnancy; sars; syndrome
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        item: #592 of 5187
          id: cord-259925-g28sx9qu
      author: Saleemi, Mansab Ali
       title: Emergence and molecular mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 and HIV to target host cells and potential therapeutics
        date: 2020-10-06
       words: 6884
      flesch: 36
     summary: The dramatic reduction in the peripheral CD4+ and CD8+ T cells is one of the symptoms in COVID-19 cases related to HIV infection Diao et al., 2020) . Therefore, this review reflects the latest repurpose of existing antiviral therapeutic drug choices available to combat SARS-CoV-2. Coronaviruses (CoVs) are a group of enveloped and positive single-stranded RNA genome viruses that infect both animals and humans (Smith and Denison, 2013; Xu et al., 2020) .
    keywords: cd4; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; et al; hiv; human; infected; novel; patients; sars; syndrome; transmission; virus
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        item: #593 of 5187
          id: cord-259933-ggx4v0bz
      author: Dalan, Rinkoo
       title: The ACE-2 in COVID-19: Foe or Friend?
        date: 2020-04-27
       words: 4207
      flesch: 39
     summary: The presence of higher expression of ACE-2 receptors or its upregulation although initially thought to be a risk factor for infection is unlikely the case. tioning that ACE-2 receptor upregulation due to angiotensin receptor blockers that are commonly used in hypertension could be considered to be risk factor for increased transmission of SARS-Cov-2 .
    keywords: ace; ang-(1; angiotensin; axis; covid-19; patients; receptor; sars; system
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        item: #594 of 5187
          id: cord-259935-xyo2pe4g
      author: Wang, Ching-Ying
       title: SARS coronavirus papain-like protease up-regulates the collagen expression through non-Samd TGF-β1 signaling
        date: 2017-05-02
       words: 4679
      flesch: 41
     summary: The expression of SARS-PLpro in lung tissues of mice was determined using IHC staining with anti-E. coli synthesized PLpro serum, and IHC positivity for PLpro expression within lung tissues was observed in the group infected with pSARS-PLpro ( Fig. 2A) . PLpro expression caused the STAT6 expression and induced the translation of STAT6 in the nucleus.
    keywords: cells; collagen; cov; expression; plpro; sars; tgf; type
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        item: #595 of 5187
          id: cord-259968-cr3zf4oa
      author: Harb, Roa
       title: Evaluation of Three Commercial Automated Assays for the Detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies
        date: 2020-08-06
       words: 256
      flesch: 26
     summary: B) Distribution of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody results in expected positive specimens at 0-11 (n=12) S/C: serum/calibrator; AU: arbitrary units; COI: cutoff index Cutoffs for positive samples by the Abbott, Diasorin, and Roche assays are ≥ 1.4, ≥ 15 AU/mL, and ≥ 1.0 COI, respectively.
    keywords: sars
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        item: #596 of 5187
          id: cord-259993-hlsvu1cg
      author: Qiu, Wuqi
       title: The Impacts on Health, Society, and Economy of SARS and H7N9 Outbreaks in China: A Case Comparison Study
        date: 2018-06-28
       words: 3419
      flesch: 49
     summary: CONCLUSIONS: Both SARS coronavirus and H7N9 viruses presented a global epidemic threat, but the social and economic impacts of H7N9 were not as serious as in the case of SARS because the response to H7N9 was more effective. Although the SARS coronavirus and H7N9 virus share some similarities, the control efforts for SARS were problematic and the disease spread globally [3] , while the H7N9 response was highly praised and the disease did not spread widely [4] .
    keywords: china; epidemic; h7n9; health; impacts; influenza; management; sars; virus
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        item: #597 of 5187
          id: cord-260034-a1y0enrg
      author: Karsulovic, Claudio
       title: mTORC inhibitor Sirolimus deprograms monocytes in “cytokine storm” in SARS-CoV2 secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis- like syndrome
        date: 2020-07-13
       words: 932
      flesch: 38
     summary: Recently, elevated titers of antiphospholipid antibodies in COVID-19 patients has been associated with high thrombotic risk in severe disease (10) . Human M1 monocytes in vitro were able to express higher levels of IL-6 and IL-1β after LPS stimulation (8) (Fig. 1) .
    keywords: monocytes; patients; sars; sirolimus
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        item: #598 of 5187
          id: cord-260048-yis26g81
      author: McNamara, Ryan P.
       title: High-density amplicon sequencing identifies community spread and ongoing evolution of SARS-CoV-2 in the Southern United States
        date: 2020-10-20
       words: 2282
      flesch: 23
     summary: Residues at the receptor-binding site have evolved for 84 better association with ACE2 compared to SARS-CoV (Wan, Yushun et al., 2020; Wrapp et al., 2020) 85 and can be attributed to these molecular features: five of the residues critical for binding to ACE2 are 86 different in SARS-CoV-2 as compared to SARS-CoV (Wan, Yushun et al., 2020; Wrapp et al., 2020) 87 and a functional polybasic cleavage site (RRAR) is present at the S1/S2 boundary of the SARS-CoV- Initial analyses of human SARS-CoV-2 genomes established three major variant types worldwide 98 (Forster et al., 2020) . Influenza Other Respir Viruses Structural basis of receptor recognition by SARS-CoV-2 GISAID: Global initiative on sharing all influenza data -from vision to 743 reality Whole genome and phylogenetic analysis of two SARS-746 additional clues on multiple introductions 747 and further circulation in Europe Prospects for inferring very large phylogenies by using the 749 neighbor-joining method Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Children -United States Rapid reconstruction of SARS-CoV-2 using a synthetic 754 genomics platform Aerosol and Surface Stability of SARS-CoV-757 2 as Compared with SARS-CoV-1 Emergence of genomic diversity and recurrent mutations An outbreak of severe Kawasaki CoV-2 epidemic: an observational cohort study Antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein Receptor Recognition by the Novel 769 Coronavirus from Wuhan: an Analysis Based on Decade-Long Structural Studies of SARS Coronavirus Receptor Recognition by the Novel 772 Coronavirus from Wuhan: an Analysis Based on Decade-Long Structural Studies of SARS Coronavirus A phylogenetically conserved hairpin-type 3' 775 untranslated region pseudoknot functions in coronavirus RNA replication Virological assessment of hospitalized patients with COVID-778 2019 Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China Factors 786 associated with prolonged viral RNA shedding in patients with COVID-19 Characteristics of pediatric SARS-CoV-2 infection and potential evidence for persistent fecal viral 790 shedding Genetic cluster analysis of SARS-CoV-2 and the 792 identification of those responsible for the major outbreaks in various countries Quantitative Detection and Viral Load Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 in Infected Patients Genomic characterization and phylogenetic analysis of SARS-799 COV-2 in Italy Viral and 801 host factors related to the clinical outcome of COVID-19 Clinical 804 course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a 805 retrospective cohort study A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load in Upper Respiratory Specimens of Infected Patients Genetic interactions between an 815 essential 3' cis-acting RNA pseudoknot, replicase gene products, and the extreme 3' end of the mouse 816 coronavirus genome
    keywords: analysis; coronavirus; coverage; covid-19; reads; sars; spike; u.s
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        item: #599 of 5187
          id: cord-260054-iihgc5nr
      author: Cavallo, Luigi
       title: D936Y and Other Mutations in the Fusion Core of the SARS-Cov-2 Spike Protein Heptad Repeat 1 Undermine the Post-Fusion Assembly
        date: 2020-06-08
       words: 4079
      flesch: 50
     summary: Other, less frequent, mutations were S939F and then S929I, L938F and S940F. Overall, such mutations appeared to be late ones, emerging starting from the end of February or even mid March 2020, and were mainly localized in Europe and USA. From these sequences, we extracted the nucleotide sequences of the spike protein and translated them to protein sequences with in-house scripts.
    keywords: conformation; cov-2; fusion; mutations; protein; sars; sequences; spike
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        item: #600 of 5187
          id: cord-260057-2m6jdvtc
      author: Pandey, Preeti
       title: Insights into the biased activity of dextromethorphan and haloperidol towards SARS-CoV-2 NSP6: in silico binding mechanistic analysis
        date: 2020-09-23
       words: 7847
      flesch: 48
     summary: NSP6 protein is also involved in blocking ER-induced autophagosome/ autolysosome vesicle formation that plays a protective role in checking viral production inside host cells. FEL of NSP6 protein had multiple minima with small energy barriers in a single broad valley (basin).
    keywords: binding; complex; covid-19; dextromethorphan; docking; drug; energy; fig; figure; frustration; haloperidol; interactions; nsp6; protein; residues; simulation; structure
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        item: #601 of 5187
          id: cord-260062-qajk0ov4
      author: Mocchegiani, Federico
       title: Mild impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the entire population of liver transplant recipients: the experience of an Italian Centre based in a high-risk area
        date: 2020-09-10
       words: 668
      flesch: 44
     summary: key: cord-260062-qajk0ov4 authors: Mocchegiani, Federico; Baroni, Gianluca Svegliati; Vivarelli, Marco title: Mild impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the entire population of liver transplant recipients: the experience of an Italian Centre based in a high-risk area date: 2020-09-10 journal: Updates Surg DOI: 10.1007/s13304-020-00881-9 sha: doc_id: 260062 cord_uid: qajk0ov4 nan pneumonia were detected at the chest X-ray. However, according to our observation, we suggest that for liver transplant recipients, the risk of acquiring SARS-CoV-2 infection and, in particular, of developing COVID-19 is not as remarkably high as it could have been hypothesized.
    keywords: cov-2; infection; sars
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        item: #602 of 5187
          id: cord-260077-xf4sofyc
      author: Sawalha, Amr H.
       title: Epigenetic dysregulation of ACE2 and interferon-regulated genes might suggest increased COVID-19 susceptibility and severity in lupus patients
        date: 2020-04-08
       words: 2605
      flesch: 38
     summary: Gene expression profiles extracted from a publicly available dataset (GEO accession: GSE4588) showed a significant overexpression of ACE2 mRNA in lupus CD4 + T cells compared to normal healthy controls (Fig. 1B) . Oxidative stress has been shown to inhibit DNA methylation in lupus T cells by blocking PKC-δ activation, resulting in attenuated MEK/ERK signaling and reduced expression of the main DNA methyltransferase DNMT1
    keywords: ace2; cells; lupus; methylation; patients; sars
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        item: #603 of 5187
          id: cord-260132-lqpk3ig7
      author: Quartuccio, Luca
       title: Urgent avenues in the treatment of COVID-19: Targeting downstream inflammation to prevent catastrophic syndrome
        date: 2020-04-19
       words: 2468
      flesch: 33
     summary: In general, the cytokine profile of SARS patients showed a marked elevation of the Th1 cytokine interferon (IFN)-gamma, of inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and IL-12 for at least 2 weeks after disease onset. Importantly, they proved effective in autoinflammatory diseases, and also in macrophage activation syndrome, which rarely complicates the course of autoinflammatory diseases; there is then a strong rationale for their use in SARS patients.
    keywords: acute; disease; infection; lung; patients; sars; syndrome
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        item: #604 of 5187
          id: cord-260180-kojb8efv
      author: Elsoukkary, Sarah S.
       title: Autopsy Findings in 32 Patients with COVID-19: A Single-Institution Experience
        date: 2020-09-17
       words: 4616
      flesch: 47
     summary: A first step in understanding SARS pathogenesis COVID-19 Autopsies Pulmonary Arterial Thrombosis in COVID-19 With Fatal Outcome : Results From a Prospective, Single-Center Pulmonary Pathology of Early-Phase Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pneumonia in Two Patients With Lung Cancer Dying with SARS-CoV-2 infection-an autopsy study of the first consecutive Postmortem swabs in the Sars-CoV-2 Pandemic: report on 12 complete clinical autopsy cases Ultrastructural Evidence for Direct Renal Infection with SARS-CoV-2 SARS-CoV-2 infection in conjunctival tissue -Authors' reply In situ detection of SARS-CoV-2 in lungs and airways of patients with COVID-19 Postmortem Examination of Patients With COVID-19 Molecular Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in FFPE Samples and Histopathologic Findings in Fatal SARS-CoV-2 Cases SARS-CoV-2-related deaths in routine forensic autopsy practice: histopathological patterns Postmortem examination of COVID-19 patients reveals diffuse alveolar damage with severe capillary congestion and variegated findings in lungs and other organs suggesting vascular dysfunction Autopsy Findings and Venous Thromboembolism in Patients With COVID-19: A Prospective Cohort Study Endorsed by the ISTH, NATF, ESVM, and the IUA, Supported by the ESC Working Group on Pulmonary Circulation and Right Ventricular Function. We report the clinicopathologic findings from 32 autopsy studies conducted on patients who died of COVID-19 including routine gross and microscopic examination with applicable special and immunohistochemical staining techniques.
    keywords: acute; cases; cells; cov-2; covid-19; disease; injury; patients; sars
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        item: #605 of 5187
          id: cord-260191-0u0pu0br
      author: Haas, W.
       title: „Emerging Infectious Diseases“: Dengue-Fieber, West-Nil-Fieber, SARS, Vogelgrippe, HIV
        date: 2004-05-29
       words: 2438
      flesch: 44
     summary: [19] .Diese bestehen zum einen in der frühzeitigen Identifizierung von Kontaktpersonen und gegebenenfalls in der Absonderung von Personen nach einem festgelegten Schema. In Deutschland werden derzeit Blutund Plasmaspender von der Spende zurückgestellt, wenn sie sich zwischen
    keywords: als; auf; bei; den; dengue; der; die; durch; eine; für; hiv; infektion; influenza; ist; mit; nach; sars; sich; sind; und; von; werden
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        item: #606 of 5187
          id: cord-260225-bc1hr0fr
      author: Sirpilla, Olivia
       title: SARS-CoV-2-Encoded Proteome and Human Genetics: From Interaction-Based to Ribosomal Biology Impact on Disease and Risk Processes
        date: 2020-07-20
       words: 8938
      flesch: 32
     summary: Superfamily 1 Helicase Has RNA and DNA Duplex-Unwinding Activities with 5′-to-3′ Polarity Structure-Function Analysis of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus RNA Cap Guanine-N7-Methyltransferase Functional Screen Reveals SARS Coronavirus Nonstructural Protein Nsp14 as a Novel Cap N7 Methyltransferase Characterization of the Guanine-N7 Methyltransferase Activity of Coronavirus Nsp14 on Nucleotide GTP The Cellular RNA Helicase DDX1 Interacts with Coronavirus Nonstructural Protein 14 and Enhances Viral Replication Crystal Structure and Mechanistic Determinants of SARS Coronavirus Nonstructural Protein 15 Define an Endoribonuclease Family Crystal Structure of a Monomeric Form of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Endonuclease Nsp15 Suggests a Role for Hexamerization as an Allosteric Switch Structural and Biochemical Characterization of Endoribonuclease Nsp15 Encoded by Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Binding of the Methyl Donor S-Adenosyl-l-Methionine to Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2′-O-Methyltransferase nsp16 Promotes Recruitment of the Allosteric Activator nsp10 Coronavirus Nonstructural Protein 16 Is Group 2 Bat Coronaviruses A Two-Pronged Strategy to Suppress Host Protein Synthesis by SARS Coronavirus Nsp1 Protein Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Protein Nsp1 Is a Novel Eukaryotic Translation Inhibitor That Represses Multiple Steps of Translation Initiation Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Evades Antiviral Signaling: Role of Nsp1 and Rational Design of an Attenuated Strain Unique SARS-CoV Protein Nsp1: Bioinformatics, Biochemistry and Potential Effects on Virulence Coronavirus Nonstructural Protein 1: Common and Distinct Functions in the Regulation of Host and Viral Gene Expression Protein Structure and Sequence Reanalysis of 2019-NCoV Genome Refutes Snakes as Its Intermediate Host and the Unique Similarity between Its Spike Protein Insertions and HIV-1
    keywords: blast; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; decay; figure; human; immune; information; interaction; mrna; nonsense; nucleocapsid; protein; replication; respiratory; rna; sars; sequences; structure; syndrome
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        item: #607 of 5187
          id: cord-260238-2p209g2p
      author: Peiris, J S M
       title: Severe acute respiratory syndrome
        date: 2004-11-30
       words: 6299
      flesch: 30
     summary: In vitro susceptibility of 10 clinical isolates of SARS coronavirus to selected antiviral compounds Small molecules blocking the entry of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus into host cells HIV protease inhibitor nelfinavir inhibits replication of SARSassociated coronavirus Inhibition of SARS coronavirus infection in vitro with clinically approved antiviral drugs Interferon-β 1a and SARS coronavirus replication Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus is inhibited by interferon-α The antiviral effect of interferon-β against SARS coronavirus is not mediated by MxA protein Old drugs as lead compounds for a new disease? HLA-B*4601 has been associated with severe SARS disease in Taiwan 94 but not Hong Kong 95 .
    keywords: associated; cells; coronavirus; cov; disease; health; human; individuals; infection; outbreak; protein; sars; spike; syndrome; transmission
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        item: #608 of 5187
          id: cord-260247-akujsk0s
      author: Hamed, Ehab
       title: Rates of recurrent positive SARS-CoV-2 swab results among patients attending primary care in Qatar
        date: 2020-11-02
       words: 963
      flesch: 48
     summary: The rates for recurrent positive results are reported for the total recurrent positive (62) and the total study population, (63444). Current smoking status was highly prevalent among patients with recurrent positive results.
    keywords: results; study
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        item: #609 of 5187
          id: cord-260257-phmd0u6d
      author: Siegler, Aaron J
       title: Willingness to seek laboratory testing for SARS-CoV-2 with home, drive-through, and clinic-based specimen collection locations
        date: 2020-06-30
       words: 3715
      flesch: 44
     summary: Differences in mean willingness scores across testing modalities were all significant (p<.001), with very small effect size for home saliva testing compared to home throat swab testing (d=0.12), medium effect size for home saliva testing compared to drive-through testing (d=0.55), and large effect size for home saliva testing compared to clinic-based testing (d=0.81). There was a hierarchy of willingness to test for SARS-CoV-2 that was decreased as the required degree of contact with healthcare systems increased: home testing was most preferred, followed by drive-through testing, and then by laboratory or clinicbased testing.
    keywords: collection; covid-19; drive; home; sars; specimen; testing; willingness
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        item: #610 of 5187
          id: cord-260310-0gkoanrg
      author: Kim, Jin Yong
       title: Viral Load Kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in First Two Patients in Korea
        date: 2020-02-20
       words: 2176
      flesch: 53
     summary: However, data on viral load kinetics in confirmed cases are lacking. This report suggests that viral load kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 may be different from that of previously reported other coronavirus infections such as SARS-CoV. values of rRT-PCR was converted into RNA copy number of SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: day; load; lrt; sars; specimens
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        item: #611 of 5187
          id: cord-260315-uau554jj
      author: Ramirez, Santseharay
       title: Efficient culture of SARS-CoV-2 in human hepatoma cells enhances viability of the virus in human lung cancer cell lines permitting the screening of antiviral compounds
        date: 2020-10-04
       words: 2280
      flesch: 35
     summary: We demonstrated that the Huh7.5-adapted virus exhibited a >3-Log10 increase in infectivity titers (TCID50) in Huh7.5 cells, with titers of ~8 Log10TCID50/mL, and >2-Log10 increase in the human lung cancer cell line Calu-1, with titers of ~6 Log10TCID50/mL. Culture adaptation in Huh7.5 cells further permitted efficient infection of the otherwise SARS-CoV-2 refractory human lung cancer cell line A549, with titers of ~6 Log10TCID50/mL. The enhanced ability of the virus to replicate and propagate in human cells permitted screening of a panel of nine nucs, including broad-spectrum compounds. Limited SARS-CoV-2 replication and propagation occurs in human cells, which are the most relevant testing platforms.
    keywords: cells; cov-2; huh7.5; sars; virus
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        item: #612 of 5187
          id: cord-260365-neili1bd
      author: Silverstein, Jenna S.
       title: Acute Respiratory Decompensation Requiring Intubation in Pregnant Women with SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)
        date: 2020-06-04
       words: 2216
      flesch: 44
     summary: 3 Other series from China have reported similar rates with no apparent increased risk of severe or critical illness for pregnant patients when compared with nonpregnant patients. The risks and benefits of delivery in pregnant patients with critical respiratory illness from COVID-19 infections are not yet known, but prior experience with maternal acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and viral 2009/H1N1 influenza requiring mechanical ventilation in pregnancy reveals increased risk of fetal HR abnormalities, as well as fetal and neonatal mortality.
    keywords: covid-19; day; delivery; patients
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        item: #613 of 5187
          id: cord-260376-29ih5c9v
      author: Guo, Jian-Ping
       title: SARS corona virus peptides recognized by antibodies in the sera of convalescent cases
        date: 2004-07-01
       words: 3003
      flesch: 53
     summary: key: cord-260376-29ih5c9v authors: Guo, Jian-Ping; Petric, Martin; Campbell, William; McGeer, Patrick L title: SARS corona virus peptides recognized by antibodies in the sera of convalescent cases date: 2004-07-01 journal: Virology DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2004.04.017 sha: doc_id: 260376 cord_uid: 29ih5c9v We probed these membranes with four pairs of acute and convalescent sera from recovered SARS cases.
    keywords: acute; case; convalescent; membranes; peptides; sars; serum
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        item: #614 of 5187
          id: cord-260402-9b1ltcf1
      author: Lang, Adam Edward
       title: More Than Meets the Eye: The Similarities Between COVID-19 and Smoking
        date: 2020-08-11
       words: 584
      flesch: 41
     summary: ACE-2 expression in the small airway epithelia of smokers and COPD patients: implications for COVID-19 COVID-19 and Smoking: How and Why We Implemented a Tobacco Treatment Campaign Therapeutic modulation of coagulation and fibrinolysis in acute lung injury and the acute respiratory distress syndrome ISTH interim guidance on recognition and management of coagulopathy in COVID-19 Acute effects of cigarette smoking on platelet-dependent thrombin generation Smoking-Mediated Upregulation of the Androgen Pathway Leads to Increased SARS-CoV-2 Susceptibility Mild versus severe COVID-19: key: cord-260402-9b1ltcf1 authors: Lang, Adam Edward; Yakhkind, Aleksandra title: More Than Meets the Eye: The Similarities Between COVID-19 and Smoking date: 2020-08-11 journal: Mayo Clin Proc DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2020.08.008 sha: doc_id: 260402 cord_uid: 9b1ltcf1 nan To the Editor: Research shows that cigarette smoking upregulates ACE2, the receptor by which SARS-CoV-2 gains entry to the host resulting in COVID-19, in the lungs and therefore potentially leads to increased morbidity [1] .
    keywords: covid-19; sars; smoking
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        item: #615 of 5187
          id: cord-260407-jf1dnllj
      author: Tang, Catherine So-kum
       title: Factors influencing the wearing of facemasks to prevent the severe acute respiratory syndrome among adult Chinese in Hong Kong
        date: 2004-06-11
       words: 4508
      flesch: 44
     summary: This study aimed to determine factors associating with individuals' practice of the target SARS preventive behavior (facemask wearing). The survey instrument included demographic data, measures on the five components of the Health Belief Model, and the practice of the target SARS preventive behavior.
    keywords: behaviors; facemasks; health; model; practice; sars; wearing
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        item: #616 of 5187
          id: cord-260412-yjr83ef6
      author: Hotez, Peter J.
       title: Developing a low-cost and accessible COVID-19 vaccine for global health
        date: 2020-07-29
       words: 2343
      flesch: 38
     summary: For instance, Texas Children's Center for Vaccine Development (CVD) at Baylor College of Medicine, in collaboration with its nonprofit product development partners-Seattle-based PATH and Infectious Disease Research Institute (IDRI)-have been spearheading a coronavirus vaccine program focusing on recombinant subunit protein vaccines produced in a globally available microbial fermentation platform, and optimized to maximize yield following expression and protein purification [7, 8] . Regarding the former, against SARS CoV homologous virus challenge the vaccine formulated on alum exhibits high levels of protective immunity and with evidence of minimal or no immune enhancement [10] .
    keywords: cov; cov-2; covid-19; protein; rbd; sars; vaccine
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        item: #617 of 5187
          id: cord-260429-5wsj003j
      author: Kenyon, Chris
       title: Widespread use of face masks in public may slow the spread of SARS CoV-2: an ecological study
        date: 2020-04-06
       words: 2262
      flesch: 56
     summary: key: cord-260429-5wsj003j authors: Kenyon, Chris title: Widespread use of face masks in public may slow the spread of SARS CoV-2: an ecological study date: 2020-04-06 journal: nan DOI: 10.1101/2020.03.31.20048652 sha: doc_id: 260429 cord_uid: 5wsj003j Background The reasons for the large differences between countries in the sizes of their SARS CoV2 epidemics is unknown. Individual level studies have found that the use of face masks was protective for the acquisition and transmission of a range of respiratory viruses including SARS CoV1.
    keywords: face; license; masks; preprint
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        item: #618 of 5187
          id: cord-260503-yq4dtf8n
      author: SAMARANAYAKE, LAKSHMAN P.
       title: Severe acute respiratory syndrome and dentistry A retrospective view
        date: 2004-09-30
       words: 6841
      flesch: 51
     summary: The following are general criteria for laboratory confirmation of SARS-CoV: dDetection of serum antibody to SARS-CoV by a test validated by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or CDC (for example, enzyme immunoassay); or dIsolation in cell culture of SARS-CoV from a clinical specimen; or dDetection of SARS-CoV RNA by a reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction test validated by CDC and with subsequent confirmation in a reference laboratory (for example, CDC) dProbable case: meets the clinical criteria for severe respiratory illness of unknown etiology and epidemiologic criteria for exposure; laboratory criteria confirmed or undetermined dSuspect case: meets the clinical criteria for moderate respiratory illness of unknown etiology and epidemiologic criteria for exposure; laboratory criteria confirmed or undetermined A case may be excluded as a suspect or probable SARS case if: dAn alternative diagnosis can fully explain the illness; dThe case has a convalescent-phase serum sample (that is, obtained > 28 days after symptom onset), which is negative for antibodies to SARS-CoV; dThe case was reported on the basis of contact with an index case that was subsequently excluded as a case of SARS, provided other possible epidemiologic exposure criteria are not present * Adapted from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 260503 cord_uid: yq4dtf8n ABSTRACT Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome, or SARS, which has created panic in Asia and in some parts of North America, is the first epidemic of the new century.
    keywords: care; control; coronavirus; cov; dental; disease; hand; health; infection; patients; sars; transmission; virus
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        item: #619 of 5187
          id: cord-260508-z11exbyu
      author: Wang, Hongru
       title: Synonymous mutations and the molecular evolution of SARS-Cov-2 origins
        date: 2020-10-12
       words: 4705
      flesch: 45
     summary: The 7 ML tree using sequence from the ACE2 contact residue region supports the clustering of SARS-8 CoV-2 and GD410721, but with unusual long external branches for all strains except SARS-9 CoV-2, possibly reflecting smaller recombination regions within the ACE2 contact residue region. However, 15 these analyses alone do not distinguish between recombination into RaTG13 from an unknown 16 source as previously hypothesized (Boni, et al. 2020 ) and recombination between SARS-CoV-2 17 and GD410721 as proposed as one possible explanation by Lam et al. .
    keywords: cov-2; divergence; ratg13; recombination; sars
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        item: #620 of 5187
          id: cord-260550-ld9eieik
      author: Ng, Man Wai
       title: The association of RANTES polymorphism with severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong and Beijing Chinese
        date: 2007-06-01
       words: 2850
      flesch: 55
     summary: SARS study group: Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Severe acute respiratory syndrome Pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome Mannose-binding lectin in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Association between mannose-binding lectin gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection The interferon gamma gene polymorphism +874 A/T is associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Homozygous L-SIGN (CLEC4M) plays a protective role in SARS coronavirus infection Association of SARS susceptibility with single nucleic acid polymorphisms of OAS1 and MxA genes : a case-control study Chemokine regulation of inflammation during acute viral infection Chemokine upregulation in SARS coronavirus infected human monocyte derived dendritic cells Defense against influenza A virus infection : essential role of the chemokine system Polymorphisms in the promoter region of RANTES and the regulatory region of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 among Chinese Children with systemic lupus erythematosus Selective attraction of monocytes and T lymphocytes of the memory phenotype by cytokine RANTES Cytokine RANTES released by thrombin-stimulated platelets is a potent attractant for human eosinophils Nuclear factor-kappa B potently up-regulates the promoter activity of RANTES, a chemokine that blocks HIV infection Polymorphism in RANTES chemokine promoter affects HIV-1 disease progression Chemokines -chemotactic cytokines that mediate inflammation RANTES: a versatile and controversial chemokine Characterization of cytokine/chemokine profiles of severe acute respiratory syndrome Genetic relationship of populations in China Towards a genetic history of China The genotype frequencies and allele frequencies of all the genes were compared between SARS patients and controls by a 3 × 2 chi-square test and a 2 × 2 chi-square test respectively, then logistic regression was used for calculating odds ratios (95% confidence interval) and corresponding P-values of different genotype frequencies among SARS patients and controls by adjusting for age, sex and all significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).
    keywords: -28; allele; chinese; patients; rantes; sars
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        item: #621 of 5187
          id: cord-260559-n8i52e8q
      author: Peiris, Malik
       title: What can we expect from first-generation COVID-19 vaccines?
        date: 2020-09-21
       words: 1356
      flesch: 33
     summary: key: cord-260559-n8i52e8q authors: Peiris, Malik; Leung, Gabriel M title: What can we expect from first-generation COVID-19 vaccines? date: 2020-09-21 journal: Lancet DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(20)31976-0 sha: doc_id: 260559 cord_uid: n8i52e8q nan A first generation of COVID-19 vaccines is expected to gain approval as soon as the end of 2020 or early 2021. These observations suggest that we cannot assume COVID-19 vaccines, even if shown to be effective in reducing severity of disease, will reduce virus transmission to a comparable degree.
    keywords: covid-19; infection; sars; vaccines
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        item: #622 of 5187
          id: cord-260565-cdthfl5f
      author: Burkle, Frederick M.
       title: Declining Public Health Protections within Autocratic Regimes: Impact on Global Public Health Security, Infectious Disease Outbreaks, Epidemics, and Pandemics
        date: 2020-04-02
       words: 8816
      flesch: 47
     summary: China Environment Series Wuhan seafood market may not be source of novel virus spreading globally Research: Virus did not originate at Wuhan market China's engagement with global health diplomacy: was SARS a watershed The SARS Epidemic and its Aftermath in China: A Political Perspective Disappearing the coronavirus truth tellers SARS was a watershed for China public health domestically but not globally Negotiating and Navigating Global Health: Case Studies in Global Health Diplomacy The Guardian Weekly. All autocratic regimes define public health along economic and political imperatives that are similar across borders and cultures.
    keywords: africa; china; chinese; coronavirus; countries; country; covid-19; disease; global; government; health; korea; nations; north; population; public; regimes; sars; world
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        item: #623 of 5187
          id: cord-260618-k0y0fz7k
      author: Belli, Simone
       title: Coronavirus mapping in scientific publications: When science advances rapidly and collectively, is access to this knowledge open to society?
        date: 2020-07-01
       words: 9647
      flesch: 45
     summary: If we put the number of documents provided in relation to the total number of links generated with other countries, we see proportionally higher values than in the sample for 2001-2020, going from an average of 0.96 links generated by documents in the total period to 1.16 links for the 20 countries with the largest contribution of documents to the sample for each period. Other countries that offer a low proportion of links throughout the whole period show a slight rise in 2019-2020, such as South Korea that goes from 0.34 to 0.54 links per document and 25.81% to 29.41% of documents fruit of international collaboration, or Brazil that goes from 0.38 to 0.43 links per document and 31.79% to 34.78% of international documents.
    keywords: articles; china; collaboration; countries; documents; links; number; organizations; period; publications; research
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        item: #624 of 5187
          id: cord-260624-rqjeacow
      author: Gu, Jiang
       title: Multiple organ infection and the pathogenesis of SARS
        date: 2005-08-01
       words: 5331
      flesch: 47
     summary: Differences in the severity of pathologic changes were noted among SARS cases, which varied with the duration of the disease before death. In the negative control for immunohistochemistry of spleens from confirmed SARS patients in which PBS was substituted for the anti-CD68 antibody, no positive signal was detected ( Fig. 2 F) .
    keywords: blood; cases; cells; fig; hybridization; infection; lymphocytes; patients; sars; syndrome; virus
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        item: #625 of 5187
          id: cord-260644-5moccf8c
      author: Hashemi, Seyed Ahmad
       title: Development of a PCR-RFLP method for detection of D614G mutation in SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-11-07
       words: 2178
      flesch: 60
     summary: Using bioinformatics databases and software, we designed the PCR-RFLP method for D614G mutation detection. key: cord-260644-5moccf8c authors: Hashemi, Seyed Ahmad; Khoshi, Amirhosein; Ghasemzadeh-moghaddam, Hamed; Ghafouri, Majid; Taghavi, Mohammadreza; Namdar-Ahmadabad, Hasan; Azimian, Amir title: Development of a PCR-RFLP method for detection of D614G mutation in SARS-CoV-2 date: 2020-11-07 journal: Infect Genet Evol DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104625 sha: doc_id: 260644 cord_uid: 5moccf8c In late 2019, an outbreak of respiratory disease named COVID-19 started in the world.
    keywords: samples; sars
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        item: #626 of 5187
          id: cord-260673-gf028lf6
      author: Bottemanne, Hugo
       title: Does the Coronavirus Epidemic Take Advantage of Human Optimism Bias?
        date: 2020-08-26
       words: 3399
      flesch: 36
     summary: These studies show that such belief updating is optimistically biased because favorable information is more considered than unfavorable information, which tends to be neglected (Sharot et al., 2011; Moutsiana et al., 2015; Kuzmanovic and Rigoux, 2017) . Importantly, data collected in Western countries during the peak of the COVID 19 pandemic provides direct evidence favoring the hypothesis that unrealistic optimism has played a role in the apparent discrepancy between official warnings and individual beliefs about the consequences of the pandemic for oneself: When getting infected and infecting others became frequent events as the number of cases and deaths sharply increased, citizens in the US, Europe and the United Kingdom estimated their probability of getting infected with the virus and of subsequently infecting others as lower for themselves than for someone else (Dolinski et al., 2020; Kuper-Smith et al., 2020) .
    keywords: beliefs; et al; optimism; pandemic; risk
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        item: #627 of 5187
          id: cord-260697-oepk0b1d
      author: Huang, J.
       title: COVID-19 Recurrent Varies with Different Combinatorial Medical Treatments Determined by Machine Learning Approaches
        date: 2020-08-01
       words: 5736
      flesch: 46
     summary: In supporting the notion of anti-cytokine storm may be beneficial to COVID-19 patients, the administration of anti-inflammation drug, Methylprednisolone, slowed down the disease progress and reduced death rate (19) .Findings from a preliminary, uncontrolled study revealed that IFN alfacon-1 plus corticosteroids was associated with reduced disease-associated impaired oxygen saturation, more rapid resolution of radiographic lung abnormalities in SARS patients, demonstrating antiviral activity against MERS (18, 19) . Cough (16%) and sputum (11%) were the main symptoms of recurring patients at follow-up.
    keywords: age; covid-19; drug; lopinavir; medrxiv; patients; preprint; rate; sars; treatment
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        item: #628 of 5187
          id: cord-260729-b12v3c8c
      author: de Lang, Anna
       title: Functional Genomics Highlights Differential Induction of Antiviral Pathways in the Lungs of SARS-CoV–Infected Macaques
        date: 2007-08-10
       words: 6813
      flesch: 46
     summary: A prospective study The severe acute respiratory syndrome Newly discovered coronavirus as the primary cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome An interferongamma-related cytokine storm in SARS patients Expression profile of immune response genes in patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Analysis of serum cytokines in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Plasma inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in severe acute respiratory syndrome Characterization of cytokine/chemokine profiles of severe acute respiratory syndrome A probable role for IFN-gamma in the development of a lung immunopathology in SARS Comparative host gene transcription by microarray analysis early after infection of the Huh7 cell line by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and human coronavirus 229E Cytokine responses in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-infected macrophages in vitro: Possible relevance to pathogenesis Chemokine upregulation in SARS-coronavirus-infected, monocyte-derived human dendritic cells A human in vitro model system for investigating genome-wide host responses to SARS coronavirus infection Inhibition of cytokine gene expression and induction of chemokine genes in non-lymphatic cells infected with SARS coronavirus Modeling the early events of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in vitro Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus fails to activate cytokinemediated innate immune responses in cultured human monocyte-derived dendritic cells Inhibition of beta interferon induction by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus suggests a two-step model for activation of interferon regulatory factor 3 Interaction of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus with dendritic cells Mechanisms of host defense following severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) pulmonary infection of mice Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection of mice transgenic for the human Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 virus receptor Lethal infection of K18-hACE2 mice infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus open reading frame (ORF) 3b, ORF 6, and nucleocapsid proteins function as interferon antagonists Treatment of SARS with human interferons Potent inhibition of SARS-associated coronavirus (SCOV) infection and replication by type I interferons (IFN-alpha/beta) but not by type II interferon (IFN-gamma) Ribavirin and interferon-beta synergistically inhibit SARS-associated coronavirus replication in animal and human cell lines Interferon-beta and interferon-gamma synergistically inhibit the replication of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) Pegylated interferon-alpha protects type 1 pneumocytes against SARS coronavirus infection in macaques Integrated molecular signature of disease: Analysis of influenza virus-infected macaques through functional genomics and proteomics Hybrid hierarchical clustering with applications to microarray data Analyzing microarray data using cluster analysis Inhibitors of cathepsin L prevent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus entry The acute respiratory distress syndrome Early enhanced expression of interferon-inducible protein-10 (CXCL-10) and other chemokines predicts adverse outcome in severe acute respiratory syndrome The nucleocapsid protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus inhibits the activity of cyclincyclin-dependent kinase complex and blocks S phase progression in mammalian cells Lung pathology of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): Approximately 20%-30% of SARS patients require management in intensive care units, and the overall fatality rate has approached 10%.
    keywords: animals; cells; cov; day; expression; genes; ifn; infection; lung; macaques; sars; stat1; virus
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        item: #629 of 5187
          id: cord-260772-n5q2yi7j
      author: Ji, Dong
       title: Reply to: ‘No evidence for an increased liver uptake of SARS-CoV-2 in metabolic associated fatty liver disease’
        date: 2020-05-06
       words: 406
      flesch: 40
     summary: Secondly, this is in keeping to our hypothesis that dysregulated hepatic innate immunity in patients with MAFLD contribute to the pathogenesis of COVID-19. Is this the missing link of the well-recognized comorbidity risk factors, diabetes mellitus, obesity, chronic liver diseases and age and outcome of COVID-19 in human?
    keywords: covid-19; liver
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        item: #630 of 5187
          id: cord-260793-bb4h255w
      author: Brann, David H.
       title: Non-neuronal expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry genes in the olfactory system suggests mechanisms underlying COVID-19-associated anosmia
        date: 2020-05-18
       words: 12011
      flesch: 46
     summary: medRxiv A primer on viral-associated olfactory loss in the era of COVID-19 Sudden and Complete Olfactory Loss Function as a Possible Symptom of COVID-19 European Patients with mild-to-moderate Coronavirus Disease SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection causes neuronal death in the absence of encephalitis in mice transgenic for human ACE2 Efficient replication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in mouse cells is limited by murine angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 A crucial role of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in SARS coronavirus-induced lung injury Cleavage and activation of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein by human airway trypsin-like protease Influenza and SARS-coronavirus activating proteases TMPRSS2 and HAT are expressed at multiple sites in human respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus and bat coronavirus HKU9 both can utilize GRP78 for attachment onto host cells The Laboratory Mouse Comparative anatomy, physiology, and function of the upper respiratory tract Phagocytic cells in the rat olfactory epithelium after bulbectomy Supporting cells as phagocytes in the olfactory epithelium after bulbectomy Ionic conductances in sustentacular cells of the mouse olfactory epithelium Novel role of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator in maintaining adult mouse olfactory neuronal homeostasis Olfactory epithelium: Cells, clinical disorders, and insights from an adult stem cell niche Stem and progenitor cells of the mammalian olfactory epithelium: Taking poietic license Deconstructing Olfactory Stem Cell Trajectories at Single-Cell Resolution SARS-CoV-2 entry factors are highly expressed in nasal epithelial cells together with innate immune genes A single-cell atlas of the human healthy airways A cellular census of human lungs identifies novel cell states in health and in asthma A transcriptomic atlas of mammalian olfactory mucosae reveals an evolutionary influence on food odor detection in humans Single-cell analysis of olfactory neurogenesis and differentiation in adult humans SARS-CoV-2 Entry Genes Are Most Highly Expressed in Nasal Goblet and Ciliated Cells within Human Airways Hierarchical deconstruction of mouse olfactory sensory neurons: from whole mucosa to single-cell RNA-seq Deep Sequencing of the Murine Olfactory Receptor Neuron Transcriptome Dnmt3a Regulates Global Gene Expression in Olfactory Sensory Neurons and Enables Odorant-Induced Transcription Molecular Architecture of the Mouse Nervous System Pericytes and Neurovascular Function in the Healthy and Diseased Brain Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus. If humans also exhibit a similar relationship between mRNA and protein (a reasonable possibility given the precise match in olfactory cell types that express CoV-2 cell entry genes between the two species), then ACE2 protein is likely to be broadly expressed in human dorsal sustentacular cells.
    keywords: ace2; bulb; cell types; cells; cov-2; data; dataset; entry; epithelium; expression; figure; genes; human; infection; mice; mouse; neurons; olfactory; osns; respiratory; seq; sustentacular; tmprss2; types; wom
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        item: #631 of 5187
          id: cord-260854-v7wgb6mr
      author: Colafrancesco, Serena
       title: COVID-19 gone bad: A new character in the spectrum of the hyperferritinemic syndrome?
        date: 2020-05-05
       words: 3342
      flesch: 27
     summary: A significant amount of COVID-19 patients is currently experiencing severe interstitial pneumonia possibly ending up with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). However, as noted by Mc Gonagle D and coll, the increased vascular coagulation occurring in COVID-19 patients is more close to a lung centric pulmonary intravascular coagulopathy (PIC) rather than a classical DIC
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; disease; ferritin; inflammation; inflammatory; patients; sars; syndrome
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        item: #632 of 5187
          id: cord-260866-bzdd4f5h
      author: Barceló, Damià
       title: Wastewater-Based Epidemiology to Monitor COVID-19 Outbreak: Present and Future Diagnostic Methods to be in Your Radar
        date: 2020-09-14
       words: 4680
      flesch: 44
     summary: Shortly afterwards, the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) announced nucleic acid testing as the gold standard for virus detection. Most importantly is to encourage the scientists involved in virus detection in WBE to think outside the PCR box by considering other complementary ways to detect COVID-19 outbreak in wastewaters .
    keywords: biomarkers; biosensors; cov-2; covid-19; detection; methods; pcr; sars; virus; viruses; wastewater; wbe
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        item: #633 of 5187
          id: cord-260871-dtn5t8ka
      author: Silva, Marcus Tulius T.
       title: SARS-CoV-2: Should We Be Concerned about the Nervous System?
        date: 2020-07-17
       words: 4122
      flesch: 36
     summary: [39] Typically, SARS patients exhibited a triphasic pattern of disease, initially presenting with fever, a nonproductive cough, sore throat, and myalgia. A novel syndrome Self-reported olfactory and taste disorders in SARS-CoV-2 patients: a cross-sectional study Entry of coronavirus into primate CNS following peripheral infection SARS-associated coronavirus Coronavirus pathogenesis Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors in patients with COVID-19 Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in the brain: properties and future directions Epidemiological and clinical features of human coronavirus infections among different subsets of patients Epidemiology and clinical presentations of the four human coronaviruses 229E, HKU1, NL63, and OC43 detected over 3 years using a novel multiplex real-time PCR method Detection of the human coronavirus 229E, HKU1, NL63, and OC43 between 2010 and 2013 in Yamagata Two coronaviruses isolated from central nervous system tissue of two multiple sclerosis patients Murine hepatitis virus-a model for virus-induced CNS demyelination Human coronaviruses: viral and cellular factors involved in neuroinvasiveness and neuropathogenesis Genomic characterization and infectivity of a novel SARS-like coronavirus in Chinese bats Cross-host evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in palm civet and human Phylogeny of the SARS coronavirus The genome sequence of the SARSassociated coronavirus Characterization of a novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome The severe acute respiratory syndrome Severe acute respiratory syndrome and critical care medicine: the Toronto experience Olfactory neuropathy in severe acute respiratory syndrome: report of a case Detection of SARS coronavirus RNA in the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient with severe acute respiratory syndrome Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome Multiple organ infection and the pathogenesis of SARS Persistence of physical symptoms in and abnormal laboratory findings for survivors of severe acute respiratory syndrome Hypocortisolism in survivors of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Mechanisms of host defense following severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) pulmonary infection of mice Coronavirus infection of rat dorsal root ganglia: ultrastructural characterization of viral replication, transfer, and the early response of satellite cells Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection causes neuronal death in the absence of encephalitis in mice transgenic for human ACE2 Evidence of the COVID-19 virus targeting the CNS: tissue distribution, host-virus interaction, and proposed neurotropic mechanisms The vagus nerve is one route of transneural invasion for intranasally inoculated influenza A virus in mice CNS innervation of vagal preganglionic neurons controlling peripheral airways: a transneuronal labeling study using pseudorabies virus Middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus causes multiple organ damage and lethal disease in mice transgenic for human dipeptidyl peptidase 4 Lethal infection of K18-hACE2 mice infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions as a clinical presentation of mild-to-moderate forms of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a multicenter European study Detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in the brain: potential role of the chemokine mig in pathogenesis A first case of meningitis/encephalitis associated with SARS-coronavirus-2 COVID-19: consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression Guillain-barré syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 Miller fisher syndrome and polyneuritis cranialis in COVID-19 Pearls and oysters: facial nerve palsy as a neurological manifestation of COVID-19 infection Neurologic features in severe SARS-CoV-2 infection Large-vessel stroke as a presenting feature of COVID-19 in the young COVID-19 and its implications for thrombosis and anticoagulation D-dimer levels on admission to predict in-hospital mortality in patients with COVID-19 Central nervous system involvement by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the central nervous system Neurologic alterations due to respiratory virus infections
    keywords: acute; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; covid-19; human; infection; patients; sars; syndrome
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        item: #634 of 5187
          id: cord-260886-v1ei9im8
      author: Baggett, Travis P.
       title: COVID-19 outbreak at a large homeless shelter in Boston: Implications for universal testing
        date: 2020-04-15
       words: 1106
      flesch: 49
     summary: We thank homeless shelter staff for the work they do each day. In the US, an estimated 2.3-3.5 million people experience homelessness annually, 1 and about 500,000 individuals sleep in homeless shelters each night.
    keywords: homeless; license; preprint
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        item: #635 of 5187
          id: cord-260925-puuqv6zk
      author: Wen, Feng
       title: Identification of the hyper-variable genomic hotspot for the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-03-05
       words: 1176
      flesch: 49
     summary: First, the protein sequences of SARS-CoV-2 were compared with RaTG13, human SARS (NC_004718.3), bat SARS (DQ022305.2), and human MERS (NC_019843.3) by calculating the similarity in a given sliding window ( Fig. 1 A) . The sequences NC_004718.3 of SARS coronavirus 6 genes were utilized to define the protein products of SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: cov-2; sars; sequences
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        item: #636 of 5187
          id: cord-260981-647wfa8z
      author: Torti, Lorenza
       title: Impact of SARS CoV-2 in Hemoglobinopathies with Immune Disfunction and Epidemiology. A Protective Mechanism from Beta Chain Hemoglobin Defects?
        date: 2020-07-01
       words: 1294
      flesch: 47
     summary: We report here a case of SARS-CoV-2 infection in a thalassemic patient and the effects of the local outbreak in hemoglobinopathic patients which have a higher incidence of infections due to abnormalities both of innate and adaptive immunity. The role of ORF viral proteins, essential both in viral replication and inflammation, and the interaction with the BCH and porphyrins might be one of the links to the epidemiologic distribution and mortality among hemoglobinopathic patients?
    keywords: covid-19; patients; sars
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        item: #637 of 5187
          id: cord-261025-y49su5uc
      author: Sampathkumar, Priya
       title: SARS: Epidemiology, Clinical Presentation, Management, and Infection Control Measures
        date: 2003-07-31
       words: 3955
      flesch: 46
     summary: Specific instructions for collecting specimens from suspected SARS patients are available from the CDC. In all series of SARS cases described to date, therapy has involved broad-spectrum antibiotics, including a fluoroquinolone or macrolide.
    keywords: disease; fever; health; patients; sars; severe; symptoms; syndrome; transmission
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        item: #638 of 5187
          id: cord-261029-befymalm
      author: Sultan, Keith
       title: Review of inflammatory bowel disease and COVID-19
        date: 2020-10-07
       words: 3262
      flesch: 45
     summary: The authors observed an incidence of COVID-19 positive IBD patients in the cohort of 0.0025, which was similar to the current cumulative incidence of 0.0017 in France and Italy at that time. As such, the risk of COVID-19, virus related outcomes, and appropriate management of IBD patients during the global pandemic is of immediate concern to gastroenterologists worldwide.
    keywords: bowel; cases; covid-19; disease; ibd; patients; sars
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        item: #639 of 5187
          id: cord-261059-rcpx4god
      author: Brenner, Steven Robert
       title: Erythropoietin Induced Hemoglobin Sub‐Unit Beta may Stimulate Innate Immune RNA Virus Pattern Recognition, Suppress Reactive Oxygen Species, Reduce ACE2 Viral Doorway Opening and Neutrophil Extracellular Traps against Covid‐19
        date: 2020-07-09
       words: 871
      flesch: 13
     summary: Dysfunctional epithelium appears to be a common feature of risk factors for complications or more severe illness in COVID19, such as diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, male sex, and smoking 6 . Angiotensin-(1-7), enzymatically produced by ACE2, the receptor for SARS-CoV-2 7 , acting on angiotension II, produces nitric oxide (NO) from endothelial cells 8 . HB alpha expressed in vascular endothelial (VE) cells also regulates nitric oxide effect on vascular reactivity 4 .
    keywords: endothelial; erythropoietin; sars
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        item: #640 of 5187
          id: cord-261075-wqtxhiy8
      author: Zhang, Meng
       title: The nervous system——a new territory being explored of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-10-28
       words: 3726
      flesch: 28
     summary: People are generally susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 (18) . The existing researches mainly focus on SARS-CoV. In 2004, the virus RNA was detected in the cerebrospinal fluid of a SARS patient, which led to the scientists' suspicion that SARS-CoV was neuroinvasive (29) .
    keywords: acute; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; nervous; patients; respiratory; sars; system
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        item: #641 of 5187
          id: cord-261110-cnj0e0s9
      author: Debarnot, Claire
       title: Crystallization and diffraction analysis of the SARS coronavirus nsp10–nsp16 complex
        date: 2011-02-25
       words: 2688
      flesch: 60
     summary: This positive RNA virus encodes a large replicase polyprotein made up of 16 gene products (nsp1–16), amongst which two methyltransferases, nsp14 and nsp16, are involved in viral mRNA cap formation. The crystal structure of nsp16 is unknown.
    keywords: complex; cov; nsp10; protein; rna; sars
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        item: #642 of 5187
          id: cord-261111-g1qxo01i
      author: Kowalewski, Joel
       title: Predicting novel drugs for SARS-CoV-2 using machine learning from a >10 million chemical space
        date: 2020-08-06
       words: 6034
      flesch: 48
     summary: These data are presented as a forwardlooking resource and a pipeline to evaluate chemical data with additional research. Chemical fingerprinting Extended Connectivity Fingerprints (ECFP) are a class of cheminformatic algorithms that iteratively combine chemical features that are present within a predefined radius/diameter, representing them by set of integer values.
    keywords: activity; chemicals; covid-19; data; drugs; figure; learning; machine; models; sars; targets
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        item: #643 of 5187
          id: cord-261173-lnjh56ts
      author: Misra-Hebert, Anita D.
       title: Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Healthcare Workers’ Risk of Infection and Outcomes in a Large, Integrated Health System
        date: 2020-09-01
       words: 3584
      flesch: 38
     summary: The neighborhood characteristic of population density as measured per square kilometer was similar for tested HCW vs. non-HCW while the population per housing unit was slightly higher. However, the overlap propensity score weighted proportions were 8.9 vs. 7.7 for HCW vs. non-HCW having a positive test with weighted odds ratio (OR) 1.17, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.99–1.38.
    keywords: covid-19; hcw; health; non; patient; proportion; risk; vs.
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        item: #644 of 5187
          id: cord-261180-w62mynqb
      author: Ling, L.
       title: Infection control in non‐clinical areas during the COVID‐19 pandemic
        date: 2020-04-19
       words: 483
      flesch: 44
     summary: Therefore, we believe non-clinical areas are potentially high-risk for transmission between healthcare workers, and often neglected by infection prevention and control protocols. Alcohol hand rub dispensers are placed in each office, changing room, department entrance, computer terminal and communal area.
    keywords: areas; sars
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        item: #645 of 5187
          id: cord-261193-960th627
      author: Ohnishi, Kouji
       title: Evaluation of a non-prime site substituent and warheads combined with a decahydroisoquinolin scaffold as a SARS 3CL protease inhibitor
        date: 2019-01-15
       words: 6082
      flesch: 62
     summary: The X-ray crystal structure analyses of inhibitor 2 complexed with R188I SARS 3CL pro revealed the lack of interactions covering the P3 to P4 sites of substrate-based inhibitor 1, which suggest that these missing interactions at non-prime sites might be a major reason of the moderate inhibitory activity of 2. In addition, it was demonstrated that a thioacetal warhead would be an alternative warhead to aldehyde, which has rather high reactivity causing a possibility of non-selective interactions with proteins.
    keywords: mixture; mmol; silica; solution
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        item: #646 of 5187
          id: cord-261253-btwx2vxo
      author: Yip, Timothy T. C.
       title: Application of ProteinChip Array Profiling in Serum Biomarker Discovery for Patients Suffering From Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
        date: 2007
       words: 3842
      flesch: 59
     summary: The eluted fractions were in turn spotted onto two types of protein chips, namely, copper IMAC30 Cu(II) ProteinChip array and weak cation-exchange (CM10) ProteinChip array. 5. Freeze the remaining sera at −70°C for protein chip array profiling analysis.
    keywords: array; buffer; chip; mass; patients; plate; protein; sample; sars; serum
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        item: #647 of 5187
          id: cord-261279-6mef38eo
      author: Chu, Daniel K W
       title: Molecular Diagnosis of a Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Causing an Outbreak of Pneumonia
        date: 2020-01-31
       words: 2999
      flesch: 49
     summary: Interestingly, several bat coronaviruses that are genetically similar to human SARS coronavirus were detected in horseshoe bats. This virus is genetically similar to SARS coronavirus and bat SARS-like coronaviruses.
    keywords: assays; coronavirus; human; ncov; patients; rna; samples; sars
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        item: #648 of 5187
          id: cord-261297-kbcsa9zj
      author: Chang, Shan-Chwen
       title: Clinical Findings, Treatment and Prognosis in Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)
        date: 2005-03-31
       words: 1041
      flesch: 43
     summary: However, as only patients with suspected SARS (patients without pneumonia) were transferred to the investigators' hospital during the early epidemic, the clinicians may have been able to observe clinical pictures and disease progression in SARS patients without pneumonia during the early disease course. Reports about clinical manifestations, laboratory and radiologic findings, and prognoses, for SARS patients from different parts of the affected regions showed similar clinical pictures.
    keywords: clinical; patients; sars
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        item: #649 of 5187
          id: cord-261307-qmh3wtqo
      author: Evans, Scott E.
       title: Inducible Epithelial Resistance against Coronavirus Pneumonia in Mice
        date: 2020-10-17
       words: 661
      flesch: 23
     summary: Coronavirus disease (COVID-2019) situation reports Management of critically ill adults with COVID-19 Pharmacologic treatments for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a review Lung epithelial cells: therapeutically inducible effectors of antimicrobial defense Innate immunity in the lung: how epithelial cells fight against respiratory pathogens Innate immune functions of the airway epithelium Stimulated innate resistance of lung epithelium protects mice broadly against bacteria and fungi Inducible lung epithelial resistance requires multisource reactive oxygen species generation to protect against viral infections Synergistic interactions of TLR2/6 and TLR9 induce a high level of resistance to lung infection in mice Inducible innate resistance of lung epithelium to infection Coronaviruses: an overview of their replication and pathogenesis Hosts and sources of endemic human coronaviruses Structure, function, and antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection of mice transgenic for the human Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 virus receptor Inducible epithelial resistance against acute Sendai virus infection prevents chronic asthma-like lung disease in mice However, this same strategy of manipulating lung epithelial responses can be anticipated to also protect against future emergent viruses.
    keywords: covid-19; lung; sars
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        item: #650 of 5187
          id: cord-261405-n05wjimk
      author: Lui, Grace
       title: Viral dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 across a spectrum of disease severity in COVID-19
        date: 2020-04-18
       words: 1161
      flesch: 50
     summary: 8 Secondly, viral loads in lower respiratory tract better reflected the temporal course of clinical progression in severe disease than upper respiratory tract samples. In severe/critical disease, monitoring should be performed using lower respiratory tract samples.
    keywords: disease; patients; samples; tract
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        item: #651 of 5187
          id: cord-261414-vqvctafm
      author: Ian Gallicano, G.
       title: Molecular targeting of vulnerable RNA sequences in SARS CoV-2: identifying clinical feasibility
        date: 2020-11-12
       words: 3042
      flesch: 51
     summary: Cell cycle/growth was analyzed by comparing untreated cells to cells treated with siRNA and miRNA1 + 2. Two cell types, HEK293 cells and primary human tracheal cells (hpTCs) were employed to test the hypothesis that siRNAs or miRNAs could suppress SARS CoV-2 spike expression.
    keywords: cells; cov-2; fig; mirnas; protein; sars; sirna; spike
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        item: #652 of 5187
          id: cord-261415-qxl14j2m
      author: Fu, Yajing
       title: Understanding SARS-CoV-2-Mediated Inflammatory Responses: From Mechanisms to Potential Therapeutic Tools
        date: 2020-03-03
       words: 2609
      flesch: 29
     summary: In addition, given that uncontrolled pulmonary inflammation is likely a leading cause of fatality in SARS-CoV-2 infection, we also attempt to speculate possible therapeutic interventions that may be applied to attenuate inflammatory responses in order to reduce mortality (Fig. 2) . However, previous studies in animal models have shown that in SARS-CoV infection, such anti-S protein-neutralizing antibodies (anti-S-IgG) can also cause severe lung injury by altering inflammatory responses (Liu et al. 2019) .
    keywords: cov; infection; lung; responses; sars
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        item: #653 of 5187
          id: cord-261435-wcn4bjnw
      author: Ren, Xianwen
       title: Large-scale single-cell analysis reveals critical immune characteristics of COVID-19 patients
        date: 2020-10-29
       words: 8612
      flesch: 49
     summary: We first analyzed the compositional changes of the broad categories of immune cells for 206 PBMCs in different COVID-19 patient groups. 499 500 Such interaction distinctions not only existed among epithelial cells, but also impacted their 501 interactions with immune cells.
    keywords: age; cells; cov-2; covid-19; covid-19 patients; cytokine; differences; disease; figure; patients; plasma; sars; subtypes; types
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        item: #654 of 5187
          id: cord-261470-sqxdwu6j
      author: Weichmann, Franziska
       title: Projected supportive effects of Pycnogenol® in patients suffering from multi-dimensional health impairments after a SARS-CoV2 infection
        date: 2020-10-09
       words: 5931
      flesch: 30
     summary: We propose that Pycnogenol® may be beneficial in supporting recovery and mitigating symptoms and long-term consequences resulting from a SARS-CoV2 infection in COVID-19 patients. This property of Pycnogenol ® should be helpful in COVID-19 patients as well.
    keywords: cells; clinical; coronavirus; cov2; covid-19; disease; effects; infection; patients; pycnogenol; sars; study; syndrome
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        item: #655 of 5187
          id: cord-261472-qcu73sdu
      author: Yao, Yong Xiu
       title: Cleavage and Serum Reactivity of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Spike Protein
        date: 2004-07-01
       words: 3859
      flesch: 43
     summary: To investigate SCoV S protein, full-length and individual domains of S protein were expressed on the surface of insect cells and were characterized for cleavability and reactivity with serum samples obtained from patients during the convalescent phase of SARS. No human CoV OC43 serum samples were available for the present study, so the reactivity of CoV OC43 with SARS S protein could not be assessed.
    keywords: cells; expression; patients; protein; reactivity; samples; sars; serum; use
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        item: #656 of 5187
          id: cord-261566-fn08b0y2
      author: Mudgal, Rajat
       title: Prospects for mucosal vaccine: shutting the door on SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-09-15
       words: 7065
      flesch: 27
     summary: The genes encoding structural proteins, including spike (S), envelope (E), membrane (M), and nucleocapsid (N) proteins are present at 3ˊ end of genomic RNA. 7, 8 The S protein of coronaviruses is one of the most important targets for the development of SARS vaccines and therapeutics because it is involved in receptor recognition, as well as virus attachment and entry. key: cord-261566-fn08b0y2 authors: Mudgal, Rajat; Nehul, Sanketkumar; Tomar, Shailly title: Prospects for mucosal vaccine: shutting the door on SARS-CoV-2 date: 2020-09-15 journal: Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2020.1805992 sha: doc_id: 261566 cord_uid: fn08b0y2 The sudden emergence of a highly transmissible and pathogenic coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 in December 2019 from China and its rapid global spread has posed an international health emergency.
    keywords: antigen; cells; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; development; immune; immunity; infection; mers; mucosal; protein; response; sars; syndrome; vaccine
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        item: #657 of 5187
          id: cord-261615-p81l6zvz
      author: Grabbe, Stephan
       title: Systemische Immunsuppression in Zeiten von COVID‐19: Müssen wir umdenken?
        date: 2020-08-21
       words: 2120
      flesch: 25
     summary: Die Gabe von intravenösen Immunglobulinen bildet eine weitere, besonders interessante Alternative zu herkömmlichen Immunsuppressiva. Zudem gibt es auch bereits Veröffentlichungen, die über einen erfolgreichen therapeutischen Einsatz von Immunglobulinen bei schwerem COVID-19-Erkrankungsverlauf berichten
    keywords: auch; bei; cov-2; covid-19; der; die; einer; erkrankung; für; keine; mit; oder; patienten; patients; sars; schweren; therapie; und; von
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        item: #658 of 5187
          id: cord-261619-31jk1vh6
      author: Lindholm, David A
       title: Outcomes of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Drive-Through Screening at an Academic Military Medical Center
        date: 2020-07-17
       words: 2181
      flesch: 44
     summary: Although our testing protocol focused on symptomatic patients, a universal-testing program in South Korea found that 2.6% of asymptomatic patients without a history of close contact tested positive [11] . Open Forum Infect Dis DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofaa306 sha: doc_id: 261619 cord_uid: 31jk1vh6 Drive-through coronavirus disease 2019 screening can evaluate large numbers of patients while reducing healthcare exposures and personal protective equipment use.
    keywords: covid-19; drive; patients; sars; screening; testing
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        item: #659 of 5187
          id: cord-261634-vfe1lawl
      author: Riddell, Shane
       title: The effect of temperature on persistence of SARS-CoV-2 on common surfaces
        date: 2020-10-07
       words: 4213
      flesch: 49
     summary: To verify the reduced recovery on cotton, virus was eluted 5 min after depositing on the cotton, as well as 1 h, the titre of recovered virus after 5 min was similar to that of non-porous surfaces (data not shown) suggesting the process of drying down was a significant factor for cotton material but not from the non-porous surfaces. Work by Lai et al. has shown that stability of SARS virus was enhanced with higher concentrations [25] .
    keywords: cov-2; data; days; sars; study; surfaces; temperature; virus
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        item: #660 of 5187
          id: cord-261662-d0tg9i90
      author: Andres, Cristina
       title: Naturally occurring SARS-CoV-2 gene deletions close to the spike S1/S2 cleavage site in the viral quasispecies of COVID19 patients
        date: 2020-06-08
       words: 4688
      flesch: 43
     summary: Our results indicate that the mutant S would have a large impact on the S protein, and suggest that the virus could produce free S1, which may have implications regarding the candidacy of S protein as a target for vaccination and antiviral treatment strategies. Abbreviations: ACE2, angiotensin converting enzyme 2; mRNA, messenger RNA; NAb; neutralizing antibodies; pp1a, polyprotein 1a; RdRp, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase; S, spike; S1, subunit S1 at the N-terminal domain of the S protein, which includes receptor binding domain (RBD); S2, subunit S2 located at the C-terminal domain of S protein, which includes fusion peptide (FP), heptad repeat (HR) domain 1 and 2, and the transmembrane domain (TM); ss, single stranded; ss+RNA, single-stranded positive sense RNA; TMPRS22, human serine protease TMPRSS2 Replication error, quasispecies populations and extreme evolution rates of RNA viruses Basic concepts in RNA virus evolution Infidelity of SARS-CoV Nsp14-exonuclease mutant virus replication is revealed by complete genome sequencing Attenuation of replication by a 29 nucleotide deletion in SARS-coronavirus acquired during the early stages of human-to-human transmission Covid-19 -Navigating the Uncharted A Review of SARS-CoV-2 and the Ongoing Clinical Trials Mechanisms of coronavirus cell entry mediated by the viral spike protein SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor CD209L
    keywords: cell; cov-2; deletions; human; infection; patients; protein; receptor; rna; sars; virus
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        item: #661 of 5187
          id: cord-261688-njlxrxv6
      author: Yang, Ziwei
       title: Suppression of MDA5-mediated antiviral immune responses by NSP8 of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-08-12
       words: 2541
      flesch: 38
     summary: Here, we revealed that NSP8 protein of SARS-CoV-2 directly blocks the activation of the cytosolic viral dsRNA sensor MDA5 and significantly downregulates antiviral immune responses. The polyubiquitination of MDA5 was 165 analyzed in the presence or absence of NSP8 expression.
    keywords: k63; mda5; nsp8; polyubiquitination; responses; rna; sars
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        item: #662 of 5187
          id: cord-261718-zqoggwnk
      author: Pietschmann, Jan
       title: Brief Communication: Magnetic Immuno-Detection of SARS-CoV-2 specific Antibodies
        date: 2020-06-03
       words: 1189
      flesch: 33
     summary: Specific antibodies were retained within the IFC and labelled with an isotype specific biotinylated antibody. Here, a new point-of-care approach for SARS-CoV-2 specific antibody detection in human serum based on magnetic immuno-detection is described and compared to standard ELISA.
    keywords: cov-2; detection; protein; sars
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        item: #663 of 5187
          id: cord-261750-6b1y7yxg
      author: Kwek, Seow-Khee
       title: Quality of life and psychological status in survivors of severe acute respiratory syndrome at 3 months postdischarge
        date: 2006-05-31
       words: 2799
      flesch: 55
     summary: We carried out an assessment on SARS patients after their recovery from their acute illness. This was a postal study on SARS patients who recovered from a clinical episode of the viral illness 3 months ago.
    keywords: health; hrqol; patients; physical; sars; scores
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        item: #664 of 5187
          id: cord-261834-x5ltmj30
      author: Guo, Cheng-Xian
       title: Epidemiological and clinical features of pediatric COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-06
       words: 3443
      flesch: 42
     summary: Although there are no clear guidelines for the treatment of pediatric COVID-19, our study suggests that the treatment measures for pediatric COVID-19 patients were not as complex as that of adult COVID-19 patients, but even relatively simple. However, few studies have focused on the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of pediatric COVID-19.
    keywords: children; covid-19; data; days; patients; sars; study
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        item: #665 of 5187
          id: cord-261876-7rsc803x
      author: Kaslow, David C.
       title: Certainty of success: three critical parameters in coronavirus vaccine development
        date: 2020-05-25
       words: 6468
      flesch: 17
     summary: As noted by Callow et al. 35 the human challenge data are consistent with the notion that adults have human coronavirus infections on a 2-3 year cyclic pattern and that protective amounts of antibody may have disappeared by 2 years, and that if we had been able to reinoculate the volunteers after a further year, the reinfection rate would have been even higher. In considering the “certainty of success” in development of human coronavirus vaccines, particularly SARS-CoV-2, a third, related critical parameter is proposed—infectious inoculum intensity, at an individual-level, and force of infection, at a population-level.
    keywords: certainty; coronavirus; cov-2; disease; human; incubation; infection; inoculum; period; response; sars; success; vaccine
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        item: #666 of 5187
          id: cord-261877-4y37676n
      author: Xu, Cong
       title: Conformational dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 trimeric spike glycoprotein in complex with receptor ACE2 revealed by cryo-EM
        date: 2020-06-30
       words: 8815
      flesch: 45
     summary: Unlike the observations made with SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV S trimers, we did not detect S trimer with two RBD domains up with bound ACE2 (Kirchdoerfer et al., 2018; Pallesen et al., 2017) . Our data suggested there is one RBD in the up conformation and is trapped with ACE2 in the S-ACE2 complex; ACE2 can greatly shift the conformational landscape of S trimer, and trigger continuous swing motions of ACE2-RBD in the context of the S trimer resulting in conformational dynamics in S1 subunits.
    keywords: ace2; binding; conformational; cov-2; et al; fig; particles; rbd; receptor; s trimer; sars; spike; state; structure; trimer
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        item: #667 of 5187
          id: cord-261921-c97ygxq2
      author: Souders, Colby P.
       title: Considerations for Bedside Urologic Procedures in Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2
        date: 2020-04-24
       words: 1827
      flesch: 37
     summary: key: cord-261921-c97ygxq2 authors: Souders, Colby P.; Zhao, Hanson; Ackerman, A. Lenore title: Considerations for Bedside Urologic Procedures in Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 date: 2020-04-24 journal: Urology DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2020.04.066 sha: doc_id: 261921 cord_uid: c97ygxq2 OBJECTIVE: To provide guidance when performing bedside urologic procedures on SARS-CoV-2 positive patients and offer considerations to maximize the safety of the patients and providers, conserve supplies, and provide optimal management of urologic issues. For patients who require an exam or procedure, the history and any procedural consent can be obtained prior to intervention to reduce the duration of potential exposure (for both provider and patient) and minimize the usage of personal protective equipment (PPE).
    keywords: bedside; cov-2; patients; sars
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        item: #668 of 5187
          id: cord-261941-xf1k5uj1
      author: Stackhouse, Robin A.
       title: Severe acute respiratory syndrome and tuberculosis
        date: 2005-03-01
       words: 5425
      flesch: 52
     summary: SARS patients should only be outside their room for required medical procedures. Many workers in the markets of southern China have tested positive for SARS-CoV antibody (40% wild animal traders, 20% wild animal butchers, 5% vegetable traders) without ever having evidence of SARS infection
    keywords: acute; contact; control; disease; health; infection; patient; room; sars; syndrome; treatment
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        item: #669 of 5187
          id: cord-261952-xq6qney7
      author: Mazzulli, Tony
       title: Proteomics and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS): Emerging Technology Meets Emerging Pathogen
        date: 2005-01-01
       words: 1472
      flesch: 40
     summary: For example, Kang et al. (7 ) determined the sensitivity and specificity of their assay by comparing its use in SARS patients with that in control patients. This raises the question of whether the pattern obtained in SARS patients is unique to SARS or whether a similar pattern would have been obtained with the other infectious diseases had the patients been matched for severity of disease and timing of specimen collection.
    keywords: patients; sars; seldi; tof
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        item: #670 of 5187
          id: cord-261959-pvufajw4
      author: Karathanou, Konstantina
       title: A graph-based approach identifies dynamic H-bond communication networks in spike protein S of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-09-10
       words: 9211
      flesch: 45
     summary: Given the large number of carboxylate groups and net negative charge carried by protein S sequences, we sought to find out whether protein S has patches of carboxylate and histidine groups, as such patches are of potential interest for proton binding (Bondar and Lemieux, 2019; Checover et al., 2001; Gerland et al., 2020; Guerra and Bondar, 2015; Kemmler et al., 2019; Lorch et al., 2015; Shutova et al., 2007) . Protein S binds to angiotensin-converting-enzyme 2, ACE2, of the host cell, followed by proteolysis of the spike protein, drastic protein conformational change with exposure of the fusion peptide of the virus, and entry of the virion into the host cell.
    keywords: ace2; binding; bond; clusters; conformation; et al; figure; fusion; groups; protein; rbd; sars; spike
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        item: #671 of 5187
          id: cord-261961-u4d0vvmq
      author: St-Germain, Jonathan R.
       title: A SARS-CoV-2 BioID-based virus-host membrane protein interactome and virus peptide compendium: new proteomics resources for COVID-19 research
        date: 2020-08-28
       words: 2741
      flesch: 25
     summary: A number of virus protein interactions were also detected with components of the UFMylation system (DDRGK1, CDK5RAP3, UFL1 and UFSP2), which was recently shown to play a key role in ER-phagy 10 , highlighting interesting links between specific autophagy pathways and SARS-CoV-2. As a whole, the virus-host interactome is significantly enriched in proteins associated with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)/nuclear, Golgi and plasma membranes, and ER-Golgi trafficking vesicles ( Even amongst those viral proteins that appear to localize exclusively to the ER-Golgi-PM endomembrane membrane system, specificity in virus-host interactomes was observed, likely reflecting preferences for interactions with different subsets of membrane proteins and/or localization to unique membrane lipid nanodomains.
    keywords: approaches; data; host; mass; membrane; proteins; proteomics; replication; sars; virus
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        item: #672 of 5187
          id: cord-262000-k32cb9ym
      author: Li, Xue-Ting
       title: Letter to the Editor: Increased plasma ACE2 concentration does not mean increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and increased fatality rate of COVID-19
        date: 2020-09-07
       words: 1926
      flesch: 22
     summary: In addition to ACE2 receptor, a disintegrin and metallopeptidase domain 17 (ADAM17), transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2), and host molecules such as CD147, GRP78, furin, cathepsin B and cathepsin L may mediate the viral binding and entry processes of SARS-CoV-2 infection ( Fig. 1) 2, 6 . Furthermore, increased ACE2 could bind to amino acid transporter B°AT1 and overlay the sites where ACE2 is cleaved by TMPRSS2 (Fig. 1) 2 .
    keywords: ace2; angiotensin; cov-2; covid-19; infection; sars
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        item: #673 of 5187
          id: cord-262020-ygl8xlhk
      author: McDermott, Aoibhinn
       title: Perioperative Outcomes of Urological Surgery in Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection
        date: 2020-05-16
       words: 301
      flesch: 43
     summary: Here we present our perioperative outcomes for patients undergoing urological surgery during the initial stage of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Ireland (between March 16 and May 1, 2020, inclusive). r o o f Elective surgery was prioritised according to recent European guidelines and patients were then placed on a centralised departmental theatre waiting list [1] .
    keywords: sars
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        item: #674 of 5187
          id: cord-262029-zzn74cjr
      author: Kang, Chang Kyung
       title: In vitro activity of lopinavir/ritonavir and hydroxychloroquine against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 at concentrations achievable by usual doses
        date: 2020-05-29
       words: 2580
      flesch: 45
     summary: However, the reduction in viral load by hydroxychloroquine treatment was not significant (hydroxychloroquine 1 μg/mL vs. no treatment, p = 0.341; hydroxychloroquine 2 μg/mL vs. no treatment, p = 0.894). Viral RNA load was significantly lower in the lopinavir/ ritonavir group than in the no-treatment group or hydroxychloroquine groups (all p < 0.001) (Fig. 2) .
    keywords: cov-2; hydroxychloroquine; lopinavir; ritonavir; sars
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        item: #675 of 5187
          id: cord-262043-66qle52a
      author: Basit, Abdul
       title: Truncated human angiotensin converting enzyme 2; a potential inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein and potent COVID-19 therapeutic agent
        date: 2020-05-20
       words: 4883
      flesch: 43
     summary: Another recent study has reported a 23 amino acid based peptide, a homologue of ACE2 binding interface, which successfully bind with S protein with low nanomolar affinity . Based on the HADDOCK score and the docking RMSD value, the docked complexes of ACE2 and tACE2 with RBD were analyzed for binding affinity DG (kcal mol À1 ) and stability using protein binding energy prediction (PRODIGY) server (Xue et al., 2016) .
    keywords: ace2; affinity; binding; complex; cov-2; docking; protein; rbd; residues; sars
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        item: #676 of 5187
          id: cord-262068-9ixq8hwb
      author: Gottardi, Andrea De
       title: Clinical characteristics and management of a liver transplanted patient admitted with SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-06-10
       words: 1782
      flesch: 42
     summary: Therefore, due to the potential clinical efficacy for COVID-19 patients [11] and based on SARS clinical cases in 2003 [12] , and before the publication of the LOTUS China trial [13] , we started a treatment with lopinavir 200 mg and ritonavir 50 mg 2-0-2, and hydroxychloroquine 200 mg twice daily. We discussed the option of starting a treatment with tocilizumab, an interleukin-6 inhibitor, in the case of worsening of the symptoms, although there is no efficacy or safety data yet to support its use in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: infection; liver; patient; sars; treatment
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        item: #677 of 5187
          id: cord-262090-nbxzyjvf
      author: Acharya, Arpan
       title: SARS-CoV-2 Infection Leads to Neurological Dysfunction
        date: 2020-05-23
       words: 3438
      flesch: 40
     summary: While most person with COVID-19 respiratory disease demonstrate headache, nausea and vomiting, up to 40% present also experience dizziness, confusion, cerebrovascular disease, muscle pain, ataxia and seizures. S1 contains the receptor-binding domain (RDB) and S2 forms the spike protein stalk (Luytjes et al. 1987; Abraham et al. 1990 ).
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; patients; sars; syndrome; virus
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        item: #678 of 5187
          id: cord-262104-oig3qrr7
      author: Brüssow, Harald
       title: COVID‐19: Test, Trace and Isolate‐New Epidemiological Data
        date: 2020-06-08
       words: 7130
      flesch: 50
     summary: One in ten of >1'300 accredited nursing facilities reported COVID-19 cases. The control measures that stopped the epidemic locally have included: intense infection surveillance of incoming travelers; isolation of COVID-19 cases in hospitals; contact tracing and quarantine in holiday camps; and school closure but no lock-down, thus preventing the crisis from having a negative economic impact.
    keywords: cases; china; cov-2; covid-19; deaths; epidemic; health; infection; influenza; number; population; rate; sars; transmission
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        item: #679 of 5187
          id: cord-262107-qso8ewi9
      author: Kim, In-Cheol
       title: Successful Heart Transplantation to a Fulminant Myocarditis Patient during COVID-19 Outbreak – Lessons Learned
        date: 2020-05-22
       words: 430
      flesch: 44
     summary: Algorithm of the SARS-CoV-2 Test Strategy for the brain death donor and candidate for heart transplantation during COVID-19 outbreak. The past, present and future of heart transplantation Update on heart failure management and future directions Focused update of 2016 Korean Society of Heart Failure guidelines for the management of chronic heart failure Echocardiography showing the parasternal long axis view during the support of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.
    keywords: heart; sars
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        item: #680 of 5187
          id: cord-262119-s6hc7fxs
      author: Ostaszewski, Marek
       title: COVID-19 Disease Map, a computational knowledge repository of SARS-CoV-2 virus-host interaction mechanisms
        date: 2020-10-27
       words: 12366
      flesch: 31
     summary: COVID-19 pathways featured in the previous section cover mechanisms reported so far. By aligning our efforts, we strive to provide COVID-19 specific pathway models, synchronize content with similar resources and encourage discussion and feedback at every stage of the curation process.
    keywords: activation; acute; analysis; apoptosis; cell; community; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; covid-19 disease; data; diagrams; disease; disease map; expression; host; human; infection; interactions; interferon; map; mechanisms; modelling; models; pathway; patients; protein; response; sars; syndrome; systems; type
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        item: #681 of 5187
          id: cord-262145-i29e3fge
      author: Huang, Kuan-Ying A.
       title: Breadth and function of antibody response to acute SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans
        date: 2020-10-19
       words: 2974
      flesch: 40
     summary: Data are presented as mean ± 823 standard error of the mean ACE2-blocking activity of anti-RBD antibody compared to ACE2-Fc (see methods): +, partial; ++ Abbreviations: IFA, immunofluorescence; RBD, receptor-binding domain; PRNT, plaque reduction 835 neutralisation assay The presence of pre-existing immune memory to betacoronavirus that cross-react with 322 SARS-CoV-2 is supported by the accumulation of somatic mutations in the genes 323 encoding cross-reactive antibodies isolated from COVID-19 patients (Figures 2c and 324 2d, Supplemental Tables 2 and 3 ).
    keywords: ace2; anti; antibodies; antibody; binding; mabs; rbd; sars
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        item: #682 of 5187
          id: cord-262149-qrjprsv5
      author: Sarode, Gargi S.
       title: Clinical status determines the efficacy of salivary and nasopharyngeal samples for detection of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-10-12
       words: 825
      flesch: 52
     summary: Looking at this discriminative trend, prescription of saliva samples for asymptomatic cases and NPS for symptomatic cases would be a valuable recommendation subject to validation in future randomized prospective studies. Data such as sample size, disease status, detection rate, and cycle threshold value were retrieved.
    keywords: detection; sars
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        item: #683 of 5187
          id: cord-262159-8y0q45gr
      author: Ciorba, Andrea
       title: Don’t forget ototoxicity during the SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) pandemic!
        date: 2020-07-10
       words: 956
      flesch: 33
     summary: Ototoxicity not only contributes to sensorineural hearing loss, tinnitus, or imbalance, but potentially impacts considerably the quality of life (QoL). In particular, chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine have been widely promoted and used during the pandemic; 2,3 however, in the past, data in the literature have suggested that in many treated cases side effects such as sensorineural hearing loss, tinnitus, and/or persistent imbalance were common.
    keywords: cov-2; hearing; sars
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        item: #684 of 5187
          id: cord-262180-t4akem15
      author: Cheruiyot, Isaac
       title: Comment on “Encephalopathy in patients with COVID‐19: A review”
        date: 2020-07-11
       words: 272
      flesch: 18
     summary: detection of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in CSF Encephalopathy and encephalitis associated with cerebrospinal fluid cytokine alterations and coronavirus disease Lamballerie de X. How many patients with anti-JEV IgM in cerebrospinal fluid really have Japanese encephalitis? Dengue in patients with central nervous system manifestations Importance of cerebrospinal fluid investigation during dengue infection in Brazilian Amazonia Region School of Medicine, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya Encephalopathy in patients with COVID-19: a review Status of SARS-CoV-2 in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with COVID-19 and stroke Facial diplegia, a possible atypical variant of Guillain-Barré Syndrome as a rare neurological complication of SARS-CoV-2 Guillain-Barré syndrome after SARS-CoV-2 infection Validation of SARS-CoV-2 detection across multiple specimen types Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with leptomeningeal enhancement following SARS-CoV-2 infection A first case of meningitis/encephalitis associated with SARS-Coronavirus-2 Sars-Cov-2: underestimated damage to nervous system Evaluating the accuracy of different respiratory specimens in the laboratory diagnosis and monitoring the viral shedding of 2019-nCoV infections COVID-19 encephalopathy:
    keywords: sars
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        item: #685 of 5187
          id: cord-262184-uxyb4vih
      author: Jockusch, Steffen
       title: A Library of Nucleotide Analogues Terminate RNA Synthesis Catalyzed by Polymerases of Coronaviruses that Cause SARS and COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-18
       words: 6511
      flesch: 39
     summary: The antiviral compound remdesivir potently inhibits RNA-dependent RNA polymerase from Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Remdesivir is a direct-acting antiviral that inhibits RNA-dependent RNA polymerase from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 with high potency Cellular pharmacology of 2',3'-dideoxy-2',3'-didehydrothymidine, a nucleoside analog active against human immunodeficiency virus Selective action of 2',3'-didehydro-2',3'-dideoxythymidine triphosphate on human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase and human DNA polymerases Triphosphates of the two components in DESCOVY and TRUVADA are inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 polymerase Four-color DNA sequencing by synthesis using cleavable fluorescent nucleotide reversible terminators Nucleotide analogues as inhibitors of SARS-CoV polymerase Structure of the SARS-CoV nsp12 polymerase bound to nsp7 and nsp8 co-factors Development of CMX001 for the treatment of poxvirus infections Enzymatic recognition of 2'-modified ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphates: The antiviral compound remdesivir potently inhibits RNA-dependent RNA polymerase from Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Remdesivir is a direct-acting antiviral that inhibits RNA-dependent RNA polymerase from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 with high potency Cellular pharmacology of 2',3'-dideoxy-2',3'-didehydrothymidine, a nucleoside analog active against human immunodeficiency virus Selective action of 2',3'-didehydro-2',3'-dideoxythymidine triphosphate on human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase and human DNA polymerases Triphosphates of the two components in DESCOVY and TRUVADA are inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 polymerase Four-color DNA sequencing by synthesis using cleavable fluorescent nucleotide reversible terminators Nucleotide analogues as inhibitors of SARS-CoV polymerase Structure of the SARS-CoV nsp12 polymerase bound to nsp7 and nsp8 co-factors Development of CMX001 for the treatment of poxvirus infections Enzymatic recognition of 2'-modified ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphates:
    keywords: cov-2; dutp; fig; nucleotide; polymerase; rna; sars; utp
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        item: #686 of 5187
          id: cord-262192-w86qc3fq
      author: Balkhair, Abdullah A.
       title: COVID-19 Pandemic: A New Chapter in the History of Infectious Diseases
        date: 2020-04-21
       words: 1105
      flesch: 47
     summary: The current COVID-19 pandemic and its dreadful global impact is a reminder of the potential detriment of emerging infectious diseases. Oman Med J DOI: 10.5001/omj.2020.41 sha: doc_id: 262192 cord_uid: w86qc3fq nan T hroughout history, infectious diseases have caused havoc among societies.
    keywords: covid-19; health; pandemic; world
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        item: #687 of 5187
          id: cord-262250-o7qhncic
      author: Habel, J. R.
       title: Suboptimal SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8+ T-cell response associated with the prominent HLA-A*02:01 phenotype
        date: 2020-08-19
       words: 6258
      flesch: 44
     summary: However, while CD8 + T cells from 3/6 donors were perforin-positive, evidence of modest IFN-γ + activation for the CD8 + set was found in only 1/6 donor. As it is highly unlikely that ∼80% of all CD8 + T cells in the peripheral blood during primary SARS-CoV-2 infection were antigen-specific (even if directed at several CD8 + T cell epitopes), this suggests that a high proportion of CD8 + T cells are activated via some 'bystander' .
    keywords: cd8; cells; cov-2; covid-19; hla; memory; sars; specific
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        item: #688 of 5187
          id: cord-262266-m0fjt483
      author: Peddu, Vikas
       title: Metagenomic analysis reveals clinical SARS-CoV-2 infection and bacterial or viral superinfection and colonization
        date: 2020-05-07
       words: 1859
      flesch: 43
     summary: Summary of a Report of 72 314 Cases From the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention CoV-2: virus dynamics and host response Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a singlecentered, retrospective, observational study Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Metagenomic analysis identified co-infection with human rhinovirus C and bocavirus 1 in an adult suffering from severe pneumonia Comparison of Real-Time PCR Assays with Fluorescent-Antibody Assays for Diagnosis of Respiratory Virus Infections in Children Rapid Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing during an Investigation of Hospital-Acquired Human Parainfluenza Virus 3 Infections Pavian: interactive analysis of metagenomics data for microbiome studies and pathogen identification Trimmomatic: a flexible trimmer for Illumina sequence data Fast gapped-read alignment with Bowtie 2 Faster and More Accurate Sequence Alignment with SNAP The Sequence Alignment/Map format and SAMtools metaSPAdes: a new versatile metagenomic assembler Geneious | Bioinformatics Software for Sequence Data Analysis A Metagenomic Analysis of Pandemic Influenza A (2009 H1N1) Infection in Patients from North America Moraxella catarrhalis: from Emerging to Established Pathogen Co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza A Virus in Patient with Pneumonia, China. key: cord-262266-m0fjt483 authors: Peddu, Vikas; Shean, Ryan C; Xie, Hong; Shrestha, Lasata; Perchetti, Garrett A; Minot, Samuel S; Roychoudhury, Pavitra; Huang, Meei-Li; Nalla, Arun; Reddy, Shriya B; Phung, Quynh; Reinhardt, Adam; Jerome, Keith R; Greninger, Alexander L title: Metagenomic analysis reveals clinical SARS-CoV-2 infection and bacterial or viral superinfection and colonization date: 2020-05-07 journal: Clin Chem DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/hvaa106 sha: doc_id: 262266 cord_uid: m0fjt483 BACKGROUND: More than two months separated the initial description of SARS-CoV-2 and discovery of its widespread dissemination in the United States.
    keywords: analysis; cov-2; pcr; reads; samples; sars
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        item: #689 of 5187
          id: cord-262268-gm99cadh
      author: Wang, Jingqiang
       title: Assessment of Immunoreactive Synthetic Peptides from the Structural Proteins of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus
        date: 2003-12-01
       words: 4033
      flesch: 44
     summary: Conclusions: Five peptides from SARS structural proteins, especially two from the COOH terminus of the N protein, appear to be highly immunogenic and may be useful for serologic assays. The identification of these antigenic peptides contributes to the understanding of the immunogenicity and persistence of SARS coronavirus.
    keywords: antibodies; coronavirus; elisa; n385; patients; peptides; protein; sars; sera
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        item: #690 of 5187
          id: cord-262276-5nue46dm
      author: Roussel, Yanis
       title: SARS-CoV-2: fear versus data
        date: 2020-03-19
       words: 1862
      flesch: 49
     summary: From SARS coronavirus to novel animal and human coronaviruses Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72 314 cases from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention [published online ahead of print Prospective case-control analysis of the aetiologies of acute undifferentiated fever in Vietnam Severe respiratory illness outbreak associated with human coronavirus NL63 in a long-term care facility Intensive care admission for coronavirus OC43 respiratory tract infections Human coronavirus-HKU1 infection among adults in Cleveland Human coronavirus and severe acute respiratory infection in Southern Brazil Coronavirus HKU1 and other coronavirus infections in Hong Kong Human coronaviruses associated with upper respiratory tract infections in three rural areas of Ghana Epidemiology characteristics of human coronaviruses in patients with respiratory infection symptoms and phylogenetic analysis of HCoV-OC43 during 2010-2015 in Guangzhou Epidemiology and clinical characteristics of human coronaviruses OC43, 229E, NL63, and HKU1: a study of hospitalized children with acute respiratory tract infection in Guangzhou, China Molecular characterization of human coronaviruses and their circulation dynamics in Kenya Human coronavirus NL63 molecular epidemiology and evolutionary patterns in rural coastal Kenya Human coronavirus circulation in the United States The severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS and MERS: recent insights into emerging coronaviruses Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: risk factors and determinants of primary, household, and nosocomial transmission World Health Organization. It is concluded that the problem of SARS-CoV-2 is probably being overestimated, as 2.6 million people die of respiratory infections each year compared with less than 4000 deaths for SARS-CoV-2 at the time of writing.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; mortality; rate; sars
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        item: #691 of 5187
          id: cord-262282-9xh51cd1
      author: Serwer, Philip
       title: Optimizing Anti-Viral Vaccine Responses: Input from a Non-Specialist
        date: 2020-05-15
       words: 4324
      flesch: 54
     summary: (1) Although phage uptake into human cells occurs, no evidence exists that phages replicate in human cells Pathogen homolog RNA phage vaccines, on the other hand, would have an a priori and reasonable projection (not certainty) of safety.
    keywords: antibody; objective; option; phage; sars; strategy; type; vaccine; virus; viruses
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        item: #692 of 5187
          id: cord-262328-q7mt0xve
      author: Wajnberg, Ania
       title: Humoral response and PCR positivity in patients with COVID-19 in the New York City region, USA: an observational study
        date: 2020-09-25
       words: 4421
      flesch: 46
     summary: An understanding of the duration of potential infectiousness and the time to IgG antibody response is crucial to the containment of SARS-CoV-2 and the plans for widespread antibody testing over the coming months. 19 To study the duration of IgG antibody response to SARS-CoV-2, we plan to follow our cohort for the next 6 months to track titre levels.
    keywords: antibody; cov-2; days; participants; pcr; resolution; sars; symptom
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        item: #693 of 5187
          id: cord-262338-ipvzugo8
      author: Choi, Jun-Yong
       title: The pathogenesis and alternative treatment of SARS-CoV2
        date: 2020-05-03
       words: 1156
      flesch: 46
     summary: While the impact of SARS-CoV2 infection is yet to be fathomed, SARS-CoV-2 seems to infect more but kills less than its cousins: SARS-CoV-1 that infected more than 8,000 people with 9.6% mortality (2) and MERS-CoV (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus) did about 2,500 people but killed 35% of them (3) . Since 2002, however, newly merged hCoV causes fever, dyspnea, and often organ failure, which bestow SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) to otherwise benign hCoV (5) .
    keywords: cov2; infection; lung; sars
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        item: #694 of 5187
          id: cord-262361-3f09z5pf
      author: Agbelele, Penance
       title: Use of chest CT-scan images to differentiate between SARS-CoV-2 infection and fat embolism: a clinical case
        date: 2020-07-30
       words: 1761
      flesch: 44
     summary: Endorsed by the Society of Thoracic Radiology, the American College of Radiology, and RSNA Performance of radiologists in differentiating COVID-19 from viral pneumonia on chest CT COVID-19) -L'OMS déclare que la flambée de COVID-19 constitue une pandémie Covid-19 diagnosis: clinical recommendations and performance of nasopharyngeal swab-PCR COVID-19) in China: A Report of 1014 Cases Chest CT findings in cases from the cruise ship Diamond Princess Embolies graisseuse posttraumatiques A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Time course of lung changes on chest CT during recovery from 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia COVID-19): a systematic review of imaging findings in 919 Patients Nodular pattern at lung computed tomography in fat embolism syndrome: a helpful finding Temporal changes of CT findings in 90 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia: a longitudinal study Persistent and progressive pulmonary fibrotic changes in a model of fat embolism Réponses rapides dans le cadre du COVID-19 -Indications du scanner thoracique. This case demonstrates the difficulty of differential interpretation of CT images between fatty embolism and SARS-CoV-2 infection.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; infection; sars
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        item: #695 of 5187
          id: cord-262412-bs7quwov
      author: Kaya, Gürkan
       title: Clinical and Histopathological Features and Potential Pathological Mechanisms of Skin Lesions in COVID-19: Review of the Literature
        date: 2020-06-30
       words: 3365
      flesch: 24
     summary: In a recent report, the postmortem histology of COVID-19 patients revealed lymphocytic endotheliitis in lung, heart, kidney, liver and small intestine, a pathological picture reminiscent of what is seen in skin lesions, suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 infection facilitates the induction of endothelial inflammation in several organs as a direct consequence of viral involvement and of host inflammatory response [61] . The pathological mechanisms of skin lesions in COVID-19 patients remain poorly understood.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; infection; lesions; manifestations; patients; sars; skin
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        item: #696 of 5187
          id: cord-262415-cj4pjuuc
      author: Eiros, R.
       title: Pericarditis and myocarditis long after SARS-CoV-2 infection: a cross-sectional descriptive study in health-care workers
        date: 2020-07-14
       words: 4650
      flesch: 43
     summary: Herein, in-depth investigation of the distribution of major and minor populations of immune cells in blood showed a high frequency of overall altered immune profiles. Most study participants (101 [73%]) displayed altered cell counts in blood for at least one major immune cell population as illustrated in figure 4A- Compared to healthy donors, participants with pericarditis showed the highest median counts in blood of
    keywords: cov-2; infection; license; myocarditis; participants; pericarditis; preprint; sars; study
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        item: #697 of 5187
          id: cord-262420-vw7fnguu
      author: Moey, Melissa Y.Y.
       title: Electrocardiographic Changes and Arrhythmias in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19
        date: 2020-09-15
       words: 735
      flesch: 30
     summary: None. None. coronavirus disease 2019 ICU intensive care unit QTc corrected QT interval SARS-CoV-2 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China Coronavirus fulminant myocarditis saved with glucocorticoid and human immunoglobulin Observational study of hydroxychloroquine in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 Outcomes of hydroxychloroquine usage in United States veterans hospitalized with Covid-19. Additional analysis for PR interval was performed in those who received atrioventricular nodal blocking agents (beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, amiodarone, or digoxin).
    keywords: cov-2; patients; sars
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        item: #698 of 5187
          id: cord-262428-erlmyzwn
      author: CABARKAPA, Sonja
       title: The psychological impact of COVID-19 and other viral epidemics on frontline healthcare workers and ways to address it: A rapid systematic review
        date: 2020-09-17
       words: 5593
      flesch: 46
     summary: A study 2 of 1,557 nurses identified three attitudinal factors J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f (health fear, social isolation and job stress) mediated the association between contact with SARS patients and psychological stress. The Psychiatric quarterly Prevalence of psychological symptoms among Ebola survivors and healthcare workers during the 2014-2015 Ebola outbreak in Sierra Leone: a crosssectional study The psychological impact of the SARS epidemic on hospital employees in China: exposure, risk perception, and altruistic acceptance of risk Psychological impact of the 2015 MERS outbreak on hospital workers and quarantined hemodialysis patients Psychological effects of the SARS outbreak in Hong Kong on high-risk health care workers Psychological impact of the 2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome outbreak on health care workers in a medium size regional general hospital in Singapore Risk Perception and Impact of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) on Work and Personal Lives of Healthcare Workers in Singapore
    keywords: covid-19; hcws; health; nurses; outbreak; stress; studies; study; workers
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        item: #699 of 5187
          id: cord-262441-slh52nxm
      author: Sakai, Yusuke
       title: Two-amino acids change in the nsp4 of SARS coronavirus abolishes viral replication
        date: 2017-07-21
       words: 6158
      flesch: 40
     summary: MHV nsp4 is a glycosylated protein, and the glycosylated nsp4 is important for the virus-induced membrane rearrangement and the replication complex function and assembly of DMVs (Clementz et al., 2008; Gadlage et al., 2010) . Next, to determine the role of H120 and F121 in nsp4 on the interaction with nsp3C, the expression plasmid pCAG nsp4 H120N/F121L-HA, in which H120 and F121 were replaced with N and L, respectively, was co-transfected with pCAG nsp3C-3xFLAG into 293T cells.
    keywords: cells; cov; et al; interaction; membrane; nsp3c; nsp4; pbac; pcag; replication; sars
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        item: #700 of 5187
          id: cord-262454-bccrvapy
      author: Szente Fonseca, Silvia Nunes
       title: Risk of Hospitalization for Covid-19 Outpatients Treated with Various Drug Regimens in Brazil: Comparative Analysis
        date: 2020-10-31
       words: 4704
      flesch: 44
     summary: We observed that outpatient hospitalizations of the larger group of suspected COVID-19 ER patients, from the same HMO database before vs after the protocol started, March-April vs May, decreased significantly, 23% vs 9%, and mortality declined from 1.75% to 1.39%. The comorbidity distributions of the various treatments as shown in Table 1 suggest that except for shortness of breath, patients not treated with HCQ or J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f prednisone may have been slightly less symptomatic than treated patients.
    keywords: age; covid-19; disease; hcq; medications; patients; risk; treatment; use
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        item: #701 of 5187
          id: cord-262467-epqqd8n8
      author: Chen, Jun
       title: COVID-19 infection: the China and Italy perspectives
        date: 2020-06-08
       words: 7608
      flesch: 41
     summary: Other symptoms including rhinorrhoea, sore throat, fatigue, dyspnea, muscle weakness, dizziness, and headache are also often reported in COVID-19 patients. As a viral pneumonia, respiratory tract specimens from COVID-19 patients are first of choice to collect for the detection of viral nuclear acid.
    keywords: cases; china; clinical; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; hcq; infection; patients; plasma; sars; study; tests; treatment
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        item: #702 of 5187
          id: cord-262470-nkql7h9x
      author: Muus, Christoph
       title: Integrated analyses of single-cell atlases reveal age, gender, and smoking status associations with cell type-specific expression of mediators of SARS-CoV-2 viral entry and highlights inflammatory programs in putative target cells
        date: 2020-04-20
       words: 17614
      flesch: 41
     summary: In order to avoid spurious associations in cell types with very few ACE2 + cells and due to very low expression of ACE2, we subsampled ACE2cells to the number of ACE2 + cells within each cell type and discarded cell types containing fewer than 5 cells expressing either ACE2 or fewer than 5 cells expressing the other gene being tested after the subsampling procedure. Focusing on pathogenesis, in addition to key subsets in the lung, airways and gut, we identified ACE2 + cells that co-express either TMPRSS2 or CTSL in diverse organs, many of which have been associated with severe disease.
    keywords: ace2; ace2 expression; age; airway; analysis; associations; at2 cells; cell types; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; ctsl; data; data fig; datasets; expression; fig; genes; human; infection; lung; model; patients; programs; samples; sars; secretory; seq; sex; smoking; tissue; tmprss2; type
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        item: #703 of 5187
          id: cord-262485-sx2q5ol4
      author: Davda, Jayeshkumar Narsibhai
       title: An Inexpensive RT-PCR Endpoint Diagnostic Assay for SARS-CoV-2 Using Nested PCR: Direct Assessment of Detection Efficiency of RT-qPCR Tests and Suitability for Surveillance
        date: 2020-06-08
       words: 3259
      flesch: 48
     summary: 6 In order to compare the performance of RT-nPCR with that of standard RT-qPCR we tested RNA samples that had tested positive by RT-qPCR. Based on E gene result RdRp and Orf1b were tested with 5 µl of RNA sample by following Confirmatory assay given by ICMR-NIV https://main.icmr.nic.in/sites/default/files/upload_documents/2_SOP_for_Confirmatory_As say_for_2019_nCoV.pdf.
    keywords: npcr; pcr; rna; samples; sars; test; testing
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        item: #704 of 5187
          id: cord-262499-68vmdqky
      author: Bordi, Licia
       title: Frequency and Duration of SARS-CoV-2 Shedding in Oral Fluid Samples Assessed by a Modified Commercial Rapid Molecular Assay
        date: 2020-10-20
       words: 5043
      flesch: 40
     summary: Parallel testing of 337 OF and NPS samples showed highly concordant results (κ = 0.831; 95 % CI = 0.771–0.891), and high correlation of Ct values (r = 0.921; p < 0.0001). Prolonged viral RNA shedding was observed up to 100 days from symptoms onset (DSO), with 32% and 29% positivity observed in OF and NPS samples, respectively, collected between 60 and 100 DSO.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; nps; samples; sars; values
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        item: #705 of 5187
          id: cord-262550-oip5m9br
      author: Kumar, S. Udhaya
       title: The Rise and Impact of COVID-19 in India
        date: 2020-05-22
       words: 2870
      flesch: 50
     summary: Currently, out of 32 states and eight union territories in India, 26 states and six union territories have reported COVID-19 cases. If the number of COVID-19 cases increases in the nation, it would be a catastrophe for India (22) .
    keywords: cases; china; coronavirus; covid-19; health; india; outbreak; sars
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        item: #706 of 5187
          id: cord-262556-gpnp06je
      author: Behrens, Estuardo
       title: COVID-19: IFSO LAC Recommendations for the Resumption of Elective Bariatric Surgery
        date: 2020-08-22
       words: 3201
      flesch: 37
     summary: collaborative analyses of 57 prospective studies Closed system water trap for the evacuation of smoke and aerosols OBES SURG High prevalence of obesity in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) requiring invasive mechanical ventilation Obesity in patients younger than 60 years is a risk factor for Covid-19 hospital admission [published online ahead of print Presenting characteristics, comorbidities, and outcomes among 5700 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in the New York City Obesity could shift severe COVID-19 disease to younger ages Obesity and COVID-19 severity in a designated hospital in Shenzhen Factors associated with hospitalization and critical illness among 4,103 patients with COVID-19 disease in New York City Influenza and obesity: its odd relationship and the lessons for COVID-19 pandemic Groups at higher risk for severe illness Surgical treatment of obesity and diabetes ASMBS position statement on long-term survival benefit after metabolic and bariatric surgery Metabolic surgery in the treatment algorithm for type 2 diabetes: a joint statement by international diabetes organizations Indications for surgery for obesity and weight-related diseases: position statements from the International Federation for the Surgery of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders (IFSO) Consenso de cirugía metabólica en Argentina (Consensus of Metabolic Surgery in Argentina) Long-term effects of bariatric surgery on type II diabetes, hypertension and hyperlipidemia: a meta-analysis and meta-regression study with 5-year follow-up The effectiveness and risks of bariatric surgery: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis Long-term follow-up after bariatric surgery: a systematic review Bariatric surgery in class I obesity: a position statement from the International Federation for the Surgery of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders (IFSO) Bariatric surgery: the indications in metabolic disease Obesity surgery score (OSS) for prioritization in the bariatric surgery waiting list: a need of public health systems and a literature review Bariatric surgery waiting lists in Spain What is the impact on the healthcare system if access to bariatric surgery is delayed? The resumption of elective BMS must be a priority maybe similar to oncological surgery, when hospitals reach phase I or II, treating obesity patients in a NON-COVID area, avoiding inadvertent intrahospital contagion from healthcare provider, patients, and relatives.
    keywords: covid-19; disease; hospital; obesity; pandemic; patients; risk; sars; surgery
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        item: #707 of 5187
          id: cord-262575-06i2nv0t
      author: Caracciolo, Massimo
       title: Case Report: Canakinumab for the Treatment of a Patient With COVID-19 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
        date: 2020-08-25
       words: 2166
      flesch: 33
     summary: SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with high cytokine levels, including interleukin-6 and certain subsets of immune cells, in particular, NK, distinguished according to the cell surface density of CD56. The immune response, including the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and activation of T cells, are essential for controlling the viral spread, inflammation, and tissue renewal (5, 6) .
    keywords: canakinumab; covid-19; cytokine; day; infection; patient; treatment
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        item: #708 of 5187
          id: cord-262598-zk192s0x
      author: Tatu, Laurent
       title: Guillain–Barré syndrome in the COVID-19 era: another occasional cluster?
        date: 2020-06-23
       words: 703
      flesch: 47
     summary: In our region, which spans the French-Swiss border, we have also been surprised by an abnormal number of GBS cases during the March-April 2020 period corresponding to the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic. In the public health crisis of March-April 2020, we encountered an unusually high number of GBS cases, admitting seven patients.
    keywords: covid-19; patients
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        item: #709 of 5187
          id: cord-262635-fdwd99ah
      author: Hajra Martínez, Ismael El
       title: Presence of SARS-Coronavirus-2 in the ileal mucosa: another evidence for infection of GI tract by this virus
        date: 2020-08-07
       words: 240
      flesch: 49
     summary: On April 29 th , the study was completed with an ileo-colonoscopy with ileal biopsy. However, RT-PCR test on ileal tissue was positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA.
    keywords: sars
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        item: #710 of 5187
          id: cord-262640-4vr4cm1s
      author: Nguyen, N. N.
       title: Correlation of ELISA based with random access serologic immunoassays for identifying adaptive immune response to SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-07-08
       words: 2746
      flesch: 46
     summary: 209 ELISA detected higher sero-prevalence in rtPCR negative samples than the RAIA methods. This may be 210 due to i) higher analytical sensitivity or a lower cutoff by ELISA, which triggered more positive results; 211 ii) cross reactivity to other coronavirus; iii) non-specific binding of other antibodies, for example 212 autoimmune antibodies or deposition of detection antibody on the microtiter well which led to increased 213 absorbance causing false positives 214 All rights reserved.
    keywords: elisa; igg; medrxiv; preprint; rtpcr; samples; sars
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        item: #711 of 5187
          id: cord-262673-j2ot35lt
      author: Ahmed-Hassan, Hanaa
       title: Innate Immune Responses to Highly Pathogenic Coronaviruses and Other Significant Respiratory Viral Infections
        date: 2020-08-18
       words: 8607
      flesch: 21
     summary: Furthermore, respiratory epithelial cells and lung macrophages are capable of secreting a broad range of chemokines like IL-8, Macrophage inflammatory protein-1 Interestingly, previous studies found rapid and significant restoration of lymphocyte subsets including, NK cells, in peripheral blood in patients recovering from the initial stages of SARS infection (249) .
    keywords: acute; cells; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; covid-19; disease; human; ifn; infection; influenza; lung; macrophages; mers; patients; response; role; sars; syndrome; type
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        item: #712 of 5187
          id: cord-262726-lfuxhlki
      author: Diallo, Aïssatou Bailo
       title: Daytime variation in SARS-CoV-2 infection and cytokine production
        date: 2020-09-11
       words: 1157
      flesch: 43
     summary: key: cord-262726-lfuxhlki authors: Diallo, Aïssatou Bailo; Gay, Laetitia; Coiffard, Benjamin; Leone, Marc; Mezouar, Soraya; Mege, Jean-Louis title: Daytime variation in SARS-CoV-2 infection and cytokine production date: 2020-09-11 journal: bioRxiv DOI: 10.1101/2020.09.09.290718 sha: doc_id: 262726 cord_uid: lfuxhlki S. Ray and A. Reddy recently anticipated the implication of circadian rhythm in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is the causative agent of the coronavirus disease (Covid-19). Using Cosinor analysis, we showed that Bmal1 and Clock transcripts exhibited circadian rhythm in monocytes with an acrophase and a bathyphase at Zeitgeber Time (ZT)6 and ZT17.
    keywords: cov-2; infection; sars
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        item: #713 of 5187
          id: cord-262730-1dxeg8ci
      author: Barón-Sánchez, J.
       title: Smell and taste disorders in Spanish patients with mild COVID-19
        date: 2020-10-08
       words: 3510
      flesch: 49
     summary: Some authors suggest that smell disorders may be mediated by direct infection of the olfactory mucosa, which would result in destruction of olfactory sensory neurons; recovery would therefore be slower, with olfactory alterations lasting longer and even a risk of permanent deficits. Furthermore, recovery of olfactory function was faster than and independent of recovery of gustatory function in most cases; most individuals with smell disorders experienced complete recovery.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; olfactory; participants; patients; sars; smell; taste
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        item: #714 of 5187
          id: cord-262735-xj9md751
      author: Li, Lian Yong
       title: Digestive system involvement of novel coronavirus infection: Prevention and control infection from a gastroenterology perspective
        date: 2020-05-12
       words: 1287
      flesch: 33
     summary: key: cord-262735-xj9md751 authors: Li, Lian Yong; Wu, Wei; Chen, Sheng; Gu, Jian Wen; Li, Xin Lou; Song, Hai Jing; Du, Feng; Wang, Gang; Zhong, Chang Qing; Wang, Xiao Ying; Chen, Yan; Shah, Rushikesh; Yang, He Ming; Cai, Qiang title: Digestive system involvement of novel coronavirus infection: Prevention and control infection from a gastroenterology perspective date: 2020-05-12 journal: J Dig Dis DOI: 10.1111/1751-2980.12862 sha: doc_id: 262735 cord_uid: xj9md751 An epidemic of an acute respiratory syndrome caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) in Wuhan, China, now known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), beginning in December 2019, has attracted an intense amount of attention worldwide. Diagnosis and clinical management of 2019 novel coronavirus infection: an operational recommendation of Peking Union Medical College Hospital (V2.0) Genome composition and divergence of the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) originating in China Potent neutralization of 2019 novel coronavirus by recombinant ACE2-Ig Three cases of novel coronavirus pneumonia with viral nucleic acids still positive in stool after throat swab detection turned negative Digestive system involvement of novel coronavirus infection: Prevention and control infection from a gastroenterology perspective
    keywords: coronavirus; infection; novel; sars
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        item: #715 of 5187
          id: cord-262760-mf1pn587
      author: Weber, Stefanie
       title: Signal hotspot mutations in SARS-CoV-2 genomes evolve as the virus spreads and actively replicates in different parts of the world
        date: 2020-09-24
       words: 4672
      flesch: 50
     summary: Hence, the consequences of an increase in the number of viral mutations on its pathogenicity will be very difficult to predict. Additionally, in sequence positions 28854 and 28863 a few C → T point mutations were apparent.
    keywords: china; cov-2; mutations; positions; rna; sars; sequence; table
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        item: #716 of 5187
          id: cord-262766-ndn6iwre
      author: Easom, Nicholas
       title: 68 Consecutive patients assessed for COVID-19 infection; experience from a UK regional infectious disease unit
        date: 2020-03-06
       words: 2968
      flesch: 38
     summary: Specialist Infectious Diseases consultant-delivered assessment of a group of patients who predominantly have mild illness is unlikely to be sustainable, especially as the case-definition broadens to include a wider geographical area and/or COVID-19 patients requiring inpatient care becomes more common in the UK. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.29.20029462 doi: medRxiv preprint A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster Importation and Human-to-Human transmission of a Novel Coronavirus in Vietnam Evidence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Returning Travellers From Wuhan, China Online ahead of print Novel coronavirus disease (Covid-19): the first two patients in the UK with person-to-person transmission
    keywords: cases; clinical; covid-19; patients; preprint; testing
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        item: #717 of 5187
          id: cord-262783-uhfnv532
      author: Yamamoto, Fumiichiro
       title: Blood group ABO polymorphism inhibits SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and affects COVID‐19 progression
        date: 2020-09-23
       words: 1685
      flesch: 46
     summary: Since 11 March 2020, several papers reported the association between ABO blood groups and SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19. medRxiv preprint Association between ABO blood groups and clinical outcome of coronavirus disease 2019:
    keywords: abo; anti; blood; group; sars
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        item: #718 of 5187
          id: cord-262786-otxpc46a
      author: Mohammadi, Soheil
       title: Understanding the Immunologic Characteristics of Neurologic Manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 and Potential Immunological Mechanisms
        date: 2020-09-01
       words: 6308
      flesch: 34
     summary: Neurologic manifestations of hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in Wuhan, China Neurologic features in severe SARS-CoV-2 infection Brain MRI findings in patients in the intensive care unit with COVID-19 infection Brain MRI findings in severe COVID-19: a retrospective observational study Report of EEG finding on critically ill patients with COVID-19 Intact brain network function in an unresponsive patient with COVID-19 Neurochemical evidence of astrocytic and neuronal injury commonly The hypothalamus as a hub for SARS-CoV-2 brain infection and pathogenesis Cerebrovascular and neurological dysfunction under the threat of COVID-19: is there a comorbid role for smoking and vaping? Immediate and long-term consequences of COVID-19 infections for the development of neurological disease Cranial neuropathies and COVID-19: neurotropism and autoimmunity Large artery ischaemic stroke in severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Is the collapse of the respiratory center in the brain responsible for respiratory breakdown in COVID-19 patients? Nervous system involvement after infection with COVID-19 and other coronaviruses The cognitive consequences of the COVID-19 epidemic: collateral damage? Several pathogenic mechanisms have been proposed for the neurological deficit in SARS-CoV-2: indirect CNS involvement through systemic inflammation, direct invasion of the virus into the CNS, multi-organ failure, hypoxia, sepsis, etc.
    keywords: brain; cells; cns; cov-2; covid-19; cytokine; disease; immune; infection; olfactory; patients; response; sars; virus
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        item: #719 of 5187
          id: cord-262796-syu4wbpi
      author: Wei, Xiao-Shan
       title: Diarrhea is associated with prolonged symptoms and viral carriage in COVID-19
        date: 2020-04-18
       words: 2870
      flesch: 52
     summary: In this study, we analyzed the differences of the clinical characteristics, laboratory examinations, imaging manifestations and outcomes between COVID-19 patients with diarrhea and those without diarrhea. This study has shown that diarrhea occurred in 31% of SARS-CoV-2 infectious pneumonia patients and is the first report which focus on the difference between COVID-19 patients with diarrhea and those without.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; diarrhea; group; patients; sars; stool
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        item: #720 of 5187
          id: cord-262841-nr42rs8f
      author: Li, Lanjuan
       title: SARS-coronavirus replicates in mononuclear cells of peripheral blood (PBMCs) from SARS patients
        date: 2003-12-31
       words: 2129
      flesch: 50
     summary: SARS-coronavirus replicates in mononuclear cells of peripheral blood (PBMCs) from SARS patients It has been confirmed that the pathogen for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a novel coronavirus termed SARS-coronavirus (SARS-CoV). Study design: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells collected from SARS cases infected by the same infectious source were tested for both negative-stranded RNA (minus-RNA, “replicative intermediates”) and positive-stranded RNA (genomic RNA) of SARS-CoV during the course of hospitalization by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
    keywords: cov; minus; pbmcs; rna; sars
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        item: #721 of 5187
          id: cord-262844-qeheeqe3
      author: Xia, Xuhua
       title: Extreme genomic CpG deficiency in SARS-CoV-2 and evasion of host antiviral defense
        date: 2020-04-14
       words: 3310
      flesch: 36
     summary: Second, many experimental studies (Burns et al., 2009; Ficarelli et al., 2020; Odon et al., 2019; Trus et al., 2019; Tulloch et al., 2014) Fifth, the cellular receptor for SARS-CoV-2 entry into the cell is ACE2 (angiotensin I converting enzyme 2) (Zhou et al., 2020) . ZAP inhibits viral replication and mediates viral genome degradation (Ficarelli et al., 2020; Ficarelli et al., 2019; Meagher et al., 2019; Takata et al., 2017) .
    keywords: coronavirus; cpg; et al; genomes; rna; sars; zap
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        item: #722 of 5187
          id: cord-262863-f07v5uk8
      author: Bertocchi, Ilaria
       title: The hidden role of NLRP3 inflammasome in obesity‐related COVID‐19 exacerbations: lessons for drug repurposing
        date: 2020-08-09
       words: 5448
      flesch: 13
     summary: A Trial of Lopinavir-Ritonavir in Adults Hospitalized with Severe Covid-19 Activation of the TXNIP/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway contributes to inflammation in diabetic retinopathy: a novel inhibitory effect of minocycline The Antimalarial Chloroquine Suppresses LPS-Induced NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and Confers Protection against Murine Endotoxic Shock A small-molecule inhibitor of the NLRP3 inflammasome for the treatment of inflammatory diseases Baricitinib counteracts metaflammation, thus protecting against diet-induced metabolic abnormalities in mice Cyclosporine therapy in cytokine storm due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Angiotensin II mediates angiotensin converting enzyme type 2 internalization and degradation through an angiotensin II type I receptor-dependent mechanism Immunological and inflammatory functions of the interleukin-1 family The effect of obesity on lung function Antiinflammatory role of the murine formyl-peptide receptor 2: ligand-specific effects on leukocyte responses and experimental inflammation Apoptosis, pyroptosis, and necrosis: mechanistic description of dead and dying eukaryotic cells Tofacitinib inhibits granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation in human neutrophils The role of annexin A1 in the modulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome Organ-specific distribution of ACE2 mRNA and correlating peptidase activity in rodents Mechanisms of disease: inflammasome activation and the development of type 2 diabetes Obesity Impairs the Adaptive Immune Response to Influenza Virus Azithromycin inhibits IL-1 secretion and non-canonical inflammasome activation Dexamethasone alleviate allergic airway inflammation in mice by inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China ACE2 is expressed in mouse adipocytes and regulated by a high-fat diet Chloroquine protects mice from challenge with CpG ODN and LPS by decreasing proinflammatory cytokine release Inflammation, metaflammation and immunometabolic disorders Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Tranilast directly targets NLRP3 to treat inflammasome-driven diseases Obesity and the outcome of infection Obesity and the risk and outcome of infection Differential effects of inhibition of interleukin 1 and 6 on myocardial, coronary and vascular function Mitochondrial cardiolipin is required for Nlrp3 inflammasome activation Delayed oseltamivir plus sirolimus treatment attenuates H1N1 virus-induced severe lung injury correlated with repressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation and inflammatory cell infiltration Pyroptosis triggers pore-induced intracellular traps (PITs) that capture bacteria and lead to their clearance by efferocytosis Diet-induced obesity impairs the T cell memory response to influenza virus infection The NLRP3 Inflammasome: An Overview of Mechanisms of Activation and Regulation Rapamycin regulates macrophage activation by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome-p38 MAPK-NFkappaB pathways in autophagy-and p62-dependent manners The Role of Interferons in Inflammation and Inflammasome Activation Obesity and respiratory hospitalizations during influenza seasons in Ontario, Canada: a cohort study NLRP3 inflammasome activation in inflammaging Obesity in patients younger than 60 years is a risk factor for Covid-19 hospital admission Current laboratory diagnostics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) NLRP3 inflammasome activation is involved in endothelial lysosome membrane permeabilization, cathepsin B release, impaired glycocalyx thickness (Ikonomidis et al., 2019) , thus further contributing to the enhanced susceptibility to cardiovascular injury.
    keywords: activation; cov-2; covid-19; et al; infection; inflammasome; inflammasome activation; inflammation; nlrp3; nlrp3 inflammasome; obesity; patients; response; sars
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        item: #723 of 5187
          id: cord-262904-0b0ljjq1
      author: Lon, Jerome Rumdon
       title: Prediction and evolution of B cell epitopes of surface protein in SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-10-29
       words: 5009
      flesch: 48
     summary: Coronavirus 2019-nCoV: a brief perspective from the front line The reproductive number of COVID-19 is higher compared to SARS coronavirus Recent advances in B-cell epitope prediction methods Bioinformatics resources and tools for conformational B-cell epitope prediction Comprehensive evolution and molecular characteristics of a large number of SARS-CoV-2 genomes reveal its epidemic trends RCSB Protein Data Bank: biological macromolecular structures enabling research and education in fundamental biology, biomedicine, biotechnology and energy Characterization of the SARS-CoV-2 S protein: biophysical, biochemical, structural, and antigenic analysis The Proteomics Protocols Handbook Sequence and structure-based prediction of eukaryotic protein phosphorylation sites SWISS-MODEL: homology modelling of protein structures and complexes PROCHECK: a program to check the stereochemical quality of protein structures SWISS-MODEL and the Swiss-PdbViewer: an environment for comparative protein modeling SEPPA 3.0-enhanced spatial epitope prediction enabling glycoprotein antigens ElliPro: a new structure-based tool for the prediction of antibody epitopes Prediction of chain flexibility in proteins Induction of hepatitis A virus-neutralizing antibody by a virus-specific synthetic peptide The antigenic index: a novel algorithm for predicting antigenic determinants convenient online submission • thorough peer review by experienced researchers in your field • rapid publication on acceptance • support for research data, including large and complex data types • gold Open Access which fosters wider collaboration and increased citations maximum visibility for your research: over 100M website views per year • At BMC, research is always in progress. According to the prediction, there was an outside-in transmembrane helix in 23 residues from position 1214th to position 1236th at the N-terminal of the S protein, which was almost consistent with the study indicating that the transmembrane domain of S protein was at the position from 1213 to 1237th [24] , an inside-out transmembrane helix in 23 residues from position 12th to position 34th at the N-terminal of the E protein.
    keywords: cell; cov-2; e protein; epitopes; protein; s protein; sars; structure
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        item: #724 of 5187
          id: cord-262911-e9z00y3b
      author: Delpino, M. Victoria
       title: SARS-CoV-2 Pathogenesis: Imbalance in the Renin-Angiotensin System Favors Lung Fibrosis
        date: 2020-06-12
       words: 2816
      flesch: 24
     summary: Although, during lung fibrosis, such expression by a c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)-mediated transcriptional pathway, is downregulated depending on the cell-cycle stage. In the adult lung, the major sources of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-2 are the normally quiescent alveolar epithelial type II pneumocytes, that, during lung fibrosis, proliferate actively, and downregulate the expression of this protective enzyme.
    keywords: ace2; angiotensin; fibrosis; sars; tgf
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        item: #725 of 5187
          id: cord-262936-yo6jf3ng
      author: Deng, Jia-gang
       title: Carry forward advantages of traditional medicines in prevention and control of outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic
        date: 2020-06-02
       words: 2944
      flesch: 32
     summary: It is the responsibility of our joint laboratory members to accelerate the development of traditional medicine research and industry. It is the responsibility of our joint laboratory members to accelerate the development of traditional medicine research and industry.
    keywords: chinese; control; cov-2; covid-19; development; epidemic; medicine; prevention; research; sars
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        item: #726 of 5187
          id: cord-262958-tmp6yxlv
      author: Pinto, Dora
       title: Structural and functional analysis of a potent sarbecovirus neutralizing antibody
        date: 2020-04-09
       words: 2248
      flesch: 42
     summary: Subsequently, two rounds 443 of 3D classification with 50 iterations each (angular sampling 7.5˚ for 25 iterations and 444 1.8˚ with local search for 25 iterations), using our previously reported closed SARS-445 CoV-2 S structure 6 as initial model, were carried out using Relion 51 without imposing 446 symmetry to separate distinct SARS-CoV-2 S conformations. bioRxiv Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel 605 coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding Structure of SARS coronavirus spike 608 receptor-binding domain complexed with receptor Occupancy and mechanism in antibody-611 mediated neutralization of animal viruses IgG Fc engineering to modulate antibody 614 effector functions Alveolar macrophages are critical for broadly-reactive antibody-617 mediated protection against influenza A virus in mice Differential Fc-Receptor Engagement Drives an 620 A neutralizing antibody selected from plasma cells that binds to 623 group 1 and group 2 influenza
    keywords: antibody; cells; cov-2; fig; s309; sars
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        item: #727 of 5187
          id: cord-263002-f3itn0sb
      author: Wagener, Frank A. D. T. G.
       title: Targeting the Heme-Heme Oxygenase System to Prevent Severe Complications Following COVID-19 Infections
        date: 2020-06-19
       words: 3947
      flesch: 34
     summary: We therefore postulate that free heme contributes to many of the inflammatory phenomena witnessed in critically ill COVID-19 patients, whilst induction of HO-1 or harnessing heme may provide protection. A central role for free heme in the pathogenesis of severe sepsis Heme-induced cell adhesion in the pathogenesis of sickle-cell disease and inflammation Heme protein-mediated renal injury: A protective role for 21-aminosteroids in vitro and in vivo There is blood in the water: Hemolysis, hemoglobin, and heme in acute lung injury Heme scavenging reduces pulmonary endoplasmic reticulum stress, fibrosis, and emphysema The role of red blood cells and cell-free hemoglobin in the pathogenesis of ARDS Cell-free hemoglobin: A novel mediator of acute lung injury Acute respiratory distress in adults Low levels of tissue factor lead to alveolar haemorrhage, potentiating murine acute lung injury and oxidative stress ARDS & Cell-Free Hemoglobin-The Ascorbic Acid Connection A Medical Worker Describes Terrifying Lung Failure From COVID-19 -Even in His Young Patients COVID-19 pneumonia with hemoptysis: Acute segmental pulmonary emboli associated with novel coronavirus infection Weakness and elevated creatinine kinase as the initial presentation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
    keywords: cell; cov-2; covid-19; disease; free; heme; ho-1; inflammation; patients; sars
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        item: #728 of 5187
          id: cord-263031-cco2vh0f
      author: Vultaggio, Alessandra
       title: Considerations on Biologicals for Patients with allergic disease in times of the COVID‐19 pandemic: an EAACI Statement
        date: 2020-06-05
       words: 2875
      flesch: 31
     summary: It created many issues around the optimal and safest way to treat complex patients with severe allergic disease. 36 Benralizumab and omalizumab showed an increase in AEs with low to moderate certainty in severe allergic asthma.
    keywords: asthma; biologicals; copyright; disease; patients; sars; treatment; type
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        item: #729 of 5187
          id: cord-263039-uoxaem82
      author: Perchetti, Garrett A.
       title: Stability of SARS-CoV-2 in Phosphate-Buffered Saline for Molecular Detection
        date: 2020-07-23
       words: 666
      flesch: 42
     summary: Here, we show that the stability of SARS-CoV-2 can be maintained at 4°C for up to a month when -80°C storage is not available (6, 7) . At room temperature, median cycle threshold (C T ) values for lower titers for both N1 and N2 targets remained consistent through day 28, fluctuating less than 1 median C T (Table 1) .
    keywords: sars
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        item: #730 of 5187
          id: cord-263090-29n9tsk9
      author: Roy, Susmita
       title: Dynamical asymmetry exposes 2019-nCoV prefusion spike
        date: 2020-04-21
       words: 4634
      flesch: 47
     summary: An investigation for small globular proteins SWISS-MODEL: homology modelling of protein structures and complexes The human coronavirus HCoV-229E S-protein structure and receptor binding SMOG 2: A Versatile Software Package for Generating Structure-Based Models The shadow map: a general contact definition for capturing the dynamics of biomolecular folding and function. An investigation for small globular proteins SWISS-MODEL: homology modelling of protein structures and complexes The human coronavirus HCoV-229E S-protein structure and receptor binding SMOG 2: A Versatile Software Package for Generating Structure-Based Models The shadow map: a general contact definition for capturing the dynamics of biomolecular folding and function.
    keywords: chain; head; inter; protein; rbd; sars; spike; state
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        item: #731 of 5187
          id: cord-263123-5y8cc5eb
      author: Bian, Jingwei
       title: Anti-RAS drugs and SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-04-28
       words: 772
      flesch: 45
     summary: Are patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus at increased risk for COVID-19 infection? Hypothesis: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers may increase the risk of severe COVID-19 Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition and angiotensin II receptor blockers on cardiac angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 Combination renin-angiotensin system blockade and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in experimental myocardial infarction: implications for future therapeutic directions Increased expression of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 in conjunction with reduction of neointima by angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockade AGTR2, one possible novel key gene for the entry of 2019-nCoV into human cells SARS-CoV-2 invades host cells via a novel route: CD147-spike protein. (L-SIGN) is a receptor for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus pH-dependent entry of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus is mediated by the spike glycoprotein and enhanced by dendritic cell transfer through DC-SIGN Risk of pneumonia associated with use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers: systematic review and meta-analysis There is currently no evidence that ACEI/ARB increase risk for COVID-19 infection from clinical trials It is not recommended that COVID-19 patients with hypertension or normal hypertensive patients at risk for exposure to stop using ACEI/ARB or change to other antihypertensive drugs The authors acknowledge funding support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China All authors researched data for the article and discussed its content.
    keywords: angiotensin; risk
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        item: #732 of 5187
          id: cord-263167-es806qhz
      author: Rogers, Thomas F.
       title: Isolation of potent SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies and protection from disease in a small animal model
        date: 2020-06-15
       words: 4521
      flesch: 46
     summary: In contrast, there are fewer RBD binding antibodies but a larger proportion of these neutralize SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus. Overall, the data highlight epitope RBD-A as the preferred target for eliciting neutralizing antibodies and that corresponding increases in affinity of mAbs to RBD-A will likely result in corresponding increases in neutralization potency.
    keywords: antibodies; antibody; binding; cov-2; fig; nabs; neutralization; protein; rbd; sars; virus
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        item: #733 of 5187
          id: cord-263179-uvq3hzga
      author: Malik, Zohra R
       title: A Case of a COVID-19-positive Patient
        date: 2020-04-09
       words: 1563
      flesch: 55
     summary: Two of these genera are known to infect humans: alpha coronaviruses (the human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E) and human coronavirus NL63 (HCoV-NL63)) and beta coronaviruses (human coronavirus HKU1 (HCoV-HKU1), human coronavirus OC43 (HCoV-OC43), the Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)) HCoV spreads via respiratory transmission.
    keywords: china; coronavirus; covid-19; patient; transmission
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        item: #734 of 5187
          id: cord-263224-osf0tkzr
      author: Maunder, Robert G.
       title: Long-term Psychological and Occupational Effects of Providing Hospital Healthcare during SARS Outbreak
        date: 2006-12-17
       words: 4095
      flesch: 35
     summary: The objective of the Impact of SARS Study was to assess the long-term psychological and occupational impact of SARS outbreak on HCWs and to identify personal and systemic factors that increase vulnerability. From 13 to 26 months after the SARS outbreak, 769 HCWs at 9 Toronto hospitals that treated SARS patients and 4 Hamilton hospitals that did not treat SARS patients completed a survey of several adverse outcomes.
    keywords: hcws; impact; outbreak; participants; sars; stress; survey; toronto; work
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        item: #735 of 5187
          id: cord-263245-2qub96mz
      author: Singh, D.
       title: Alcohol-based hand sanitisers as first line of defence against SARS-CoV-2: a review of biology, chemistry and formulations
        date: 2020-09-29
       words: 4789
      flesch: 35
     summary: The E protein is a multifunctional membrane protein of SARS-CoV The relationship of concentration and germicidal efficiency of ethyl alcohol Analysis of alcohol-based hand sanitizer delivery systems: efficacy of foam, gel, and wipes against influenza A (H1N1) virus on hands Inactivation of surrogate coronaviruses on hard surfaces by health care germicides Chemical disinfection of non-porous inanimate surfaces experimentally contaminated with four human pathogenic viruses Inactivation of respiratory syncytial virus by detergents and disinfectants Inactivation of SARS coronavirus by means of povidone-iodine, physical conditions and chemical reagents Stability and inactivation of SARS coronavirus Efficacy of various disinfectants against SARS coronavirus Inactivation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 by WHO-recommended hand rub formulations and alcohols Comparison of the efficacy and drying times of liquid, gel and foam formats of alcohol-based hand rubs WHO Recommended Hand-rub Formulations Temporary policy for manufacture of alcohol for incorporation into alcohol based hand sanitizer products during the Public Health Emergency (COVID-19); Guidance for industry U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER) CDC Statement for Healthcare Personnel on Hand Hygiene during the Response to the International Emergence of COVID-19 Virucidal activity of World Health Organization-recommended formulations against enveloped viruses, including Zika, Ebola, and emerging coronaviruses Efficacy of hand rubs with a low alcohol concentration listed as effective by a national hospital hygiene society in Europe The relative influences of product volume, delivery format and alcohol concentration on dry-time and efficacy of alcohol-based hand rubs Limited efficacy of alcohol-based hand gels Efficacy of ethanol-based hand foams using clinically relevant amounts: a cross-over controlled study among healthy volunteers Less and less-influence of volume on hand coverage and bactericidal efficacy in hand disinfection Impact of the amount of hand rub applied in hygienic hand disinfection on the reduction of microbial counts on hands Healthcare infection control practices advisory committee Guideline for hand hygiene in health-care settings. A mixture of ethylhexylglycerin, dexpanthenol and a fatty alcohol serves as a suitable alternative with no effect on hand rub efficacy
    keywords: activity; alcohol; coronavirus; cov-2; efficacy; ethanol; hand; isopropanol; sars; test; virus; viruses
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        item: #736 of 5187
          id: cord-263279-afdmegq0
      author: Uhteg, Katharine
       title: Comparing the analytical performance of three SARS-CoV-2 molecular diagnostic assays
        date: 2020-04-26
       words: 3181
      flesch: 42
     summary: As SARS CoV-2 assays became available for testing on existing molecular platforms, laboratories devoted unprecedented energy and resources into evaluating the analytical performance of the new tests and in some cases developed their own diagnostic assays under FDA-EUA guidance. Many questions remains to be answered about the clinical sensitivity of PCR assays for the diagnosis of COVID-19 and the minimum acceptable analytical sensitivity.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; pcr; realstar; sars; specimens
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        item: #737 of 5187
          id: cord-263292-qjfe2t9v
      author: Sansone, A.
       title: Addressing male sexual and reproductive health in the wake of COVID-19 outbreak
        date: 2020-07-13
       words: 3913
      flesch: 27
     summary: The novel angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) homolog, ACE2, is selectively expressed by adult Leydig cells of the testis Effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection upon male gonadal function: a single center-based study COVID-19 and the endocrine system: exploring the unexplored Pathological findings in the testes of COVID-19 patients: clinical implications Low testosterone levels predict clinical adverse outcomes in SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia patients A critical analysis of the role of testosterone in erectile function: from pathophysiology to treatment-a systematic review The relationship between circulating testosterone and inflammatory cytokines in men Androgen sensitivity gateway to COVID-19 disease severity The interface of systems medicine and sexual medicine for facing non-communicable diseases in a gender-dependent manner ED2: erectile dysfunction = endothelial dysfunction SARS-CoV-2: a storm is raging From inflammation to sexual dysfunctions: a journey through diabetes, obesity, and metabolic syndrome Testosterone replacement therapy: the emperor's new clothes Effect of treatment with testosterone on endothelial function in hypogonadal men: a systematic review and meta-analysis Erectile dysfunction as a predictor of cardiovascular disease Why can patients with erectile dysfunction be considered lucky? Testicular function in COVID-19 patients requires careful investigation for the unclear association with testosterone deficiency and the possible consequences for reproductive health.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; disease; dysfunction; erectile; health; infection; pandemic; patients; sars; testosterone
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        item: #738 of 5187
          id: cord-263308-q0iriid8
      author: Piano, Carla
       title: An Italian Neurology Outpatient Clinic Facing SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: Data From 2,167 Patients
        date: 2020-05-29
       words: 3567
      flesch: 30
     summary: (4) highlighted the concern of neurologists for vulnerability to COVID-19 in patients with neurological diseases. Drug classes potentially interfering with SARS-CoV-2 (9) (i.e., ACEinhibitors, sartans, NSAIDs, steroids, immunosuppressant drugs) were distinguished from other pharmacological treatments, including specific treatments for neurological disease (i.e., levodopa, anticholinesterase drugs, memantine, xenazine, riluzole, botulinum toxin injections, and antiepileptic drugs).
    keywords: covid-19; disease; individuals; infection; patients; sample; symptoms; treatments; worsening
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        item: #739 of 5187
          id: cord-263350-i02z0hgx
      author: Nagata, Noriyo
       title: Pathological and Virological Analyses of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome–Associated Coronavirus Infections in Experimantal Animals
        date: 2006
       words: 985
      flesch: 45
     summary: key: cord-263350-i02z0hgx authors: Nagata, Noriyo; Iwata, Naoko; Hasegawa, Hideki; Asahi-Ozaki, Yasuko; Sato, Yuko; Harashima, Ayako; Morikawa, Shigeru; Saijo, Masayuki; Itamura, Shigeyuki; Saito, Takehiko; Odagiri, Takato; Tashiro, Masato; Ami, Yasushi; Sata, Tetsutaro title: Pathological and Virological Analyses of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome–Associated Coronavirus Infections in Experimantal Animals date: 2006 journal: The Nidoviruses DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-33012-9_92 sha: doc_id: 263350 cord_uid: i02z0hgx nan Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a recently identified emerging infectious disease caused by SARS-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV). The susceptibility of these animals to SARS-CoV infection was evaluated to identify suitable animal models for studies of the pathogenesis and treatment of SARS.
    keywords: cov; sars; virus
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        item: #740 of 5187
          id: cord-263365-ymnbktm5
      author: Dube, Geoffrey K.
       title: COVID‐19 infection in pancreas transplant recipients
        date: 2020-06-09
       words: 2496
      flesch: 46
     summary: Several case reports and single-center series have described COVID-19 in transplant patients, with most series describing kidney transplant patients who were sick enough to require hospitalization. Diarrhea may be more commonly reported in transplant patients with COVID-19 than in the general population.
    keywords: covid-19; disease; patients; recipients; sars; transplant
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        item: #741 of 5187
          id: cord-263438-9ra94uda
      author: Snowden, Frank M.
       title: Emerging and reemerging diseases: a historical perspective
        date: 2008-09-19
       words: 14396
      flesch: 42
     summary: key: cord-263438-9ra94uda authors: Snowden, Frank M. title: Emerging and reemerging diseases: a historical perspective date: 2008-09-19 journal: Immunol Rev DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-065x.2008.00677.x sha: doc_id: 263438 cord_uid: 9ra94uda Summary: Between mid‐century and 1992, there was a consensus that the battle against infectious diseases had been won, and the Surgeon General announced that it was time to close the book. The increasing virulence of dengue fever with dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome disproved the theory of the evolution toward commensalism, and the discovery of the microbial origins of peptic ulcer demonstrated the reach of infectious diseases.
    keywords: aids; care; century; dengue; diseases; epidemic; global; health; human; infections; major; malaria; national; new; people; poverty; public; response; sars; states; surveillance; threat; time; united; world
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        item: #742 of 5187
          id: cord-263450-v6vdg8os
      author: Shegogue, Daniel
       title: Object-oriented biological system integration: a SARS coronavirus example
        date: 2005-05-15
       words: 4933
      flesch: 33
     summary: Biological systems are currently presented in a variety of forms, such as relational databases (Galperin, 2004) , diagrams (Kohn, 1999; Peleg et al., 2002) , ontology (Ashburner et al., 2000) and markup language (Hucka et al., 2003) , but they are integrated through an ill-defined, informal process. Current advanced engineering systems and biological systems have followed a convergent evolution (Csete and Doyle, 2002) .
    keywords: cell; information; object; process; sars; software; system
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        item: #743 of 5187
          id: cord-263452-y2ral8nx
      author: Watanabe, Yasunori
       title: Site-specific glycan analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 spike
        date: 2020-05-04
       words: 2075
      flesch: 39
     summary: Note that the flexible loops on which N74 and N149 glycan sites reside are represented as dashed lines with glycan sites on the loops mapped at their approximate regions. In HIV-1 immunogen research, the holes generated by unoccupied glycan sites have been shown to be immunogenic and potentially give rise to distracting epitopes (26) .
    keywords: cov-2; glycan; protein; sars; sites; spike
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        item: #744 of 5187
          id: cord-263456-lqe1yckv
      author: Craney, Arryn R.
       title: Comparison of Two High-Throughput Reverse Transcription-PCR Systems for the Detection of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2
        date: 2020-07-23
       words: 2911
      flesch: 46
     summary: SARS-CoV-2 RNA can be detected in clinical specimens using reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR), and the most common specimen types assayed are nasopharyngeal (NP) and/or oropharyngeal swabs (4) . Both platforms can analyze Ͼ1,000 NP swab specimens per day and have the potential to ensure that medical center, reference, and public health laboratories have the capability to efficiently and expediently process and analyze very high volumes of NP swab specimens for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA and thus stem the global scourge of COVID-19.
    keywords: cobas; cov-2; fusion; panther; pcr; sars
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        item: #745 of 5187
          id: cord-263457-puf8gjir
      author: Jayarangaiah, Apoorva
       title: COVID-19-Associated Coagulopathy: An Exacerbated Immunothrombosis Response
        date: 2020-07-31
       words: 5559
      flesch: 28
     summary: 2 Additionally, there have been many case reports detailing the association of both venous thromboembolism (VTE) and arterial events in COVID-19 patients. 14 Other aberrancies in coagulopathy, including elevated prothrombin time (PT), partial thromboplastin time, and fibrin-degradation products level, and fibrinogen levels, are also reported in COVID-19 patients with unclear clinical correlations.
    keywords: activation; coagulation; covid-19; endothelial; factor; figure; immunothrombosis; patients; platelet; system; thrombosis
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        item: #746 of 5187
          id: cord-263471-u3su9loz
      author: Lam, Meylin Caballeros
       title: Cardiac magnetic resonance characterization of COVID-19 myocarditis
        date: 2020-07-04
       words: 938
      flesch: 42
     summary: Since more than 7.5% of myocardial cells have positive ACE2 expression, this could mediate SARS-CoV-2 entry into cardiomyocytes and cause direct cardiotoxicity. 6 Cardiovascular manifestations and treatment considerations in covid-19 The role of cardiovascular imaging for myocardial injury in hospitalized COVID-19 patients Single-cell RNA-seq data analysis on the receptor ACE2 expression reveals the potential risk of different human organs vulnerable to 2019-nCoV infection Myocardial T1 and T2 mapping at 3 T: reference values, influencing factors and implications Native T1 and Extracellular Volume Measurements by Cardiac MRI in Healthy Adults: A Meta-Analysis Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (SCMR) guidance for the practice of cardiovascular magnetic resonance during the COVID-19 pandemic
    keywords: covid-19; myocardial; sars
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        item: #747 of 5187
          id: cord-263481-w5ytp1q7
      author: Lokman, Syed Mohammad
       title: Exploring the genomic and proteomic variations of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein: A computational biology approach
        date: 2020-06-02
       words: 3021
      flesch: 42
     summary: The spatial distribution of S protein sequences having different variation over time reveals that most of the variants (17 out of 240 S glycoprotein sequences) were reported from the US J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f Journal Pre-proof followed by 3 out of 2 sequences (including Y145 deletion) and 2 out of 50 sequences from India and China, respectively (Fig. 5) . Based on the phylogenetic studies, the SARS-CoV-2 is categorized as a member of the genus Betacoronavirus, the same lineage that includes SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV)
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; domain; glycoprotein; protein; receptor; sars; sequences; spike
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        item: #748 of 5187
          id: cord-263508-row2mn17
      author: Chan, Jasper Fuk-Woo
       title: The emerging novel Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: The “knowns” and “unknowns”
        date: 2013-07-21
       words: 4349
      flesch: 27
     summary: Announcement of the Coronavirus Study Group Genomic characterization of a newly discovered coronavirus associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome in humans Latest outbreak news from ProMED-mail: novel coronavirus e Middle East Recovery from severe novel coronavirus infection Evidence of person-to-person transmission within a family cluster of novel coronavirus infections Contact investigation of a case of human novel coronavirus infection treated in a German hospital World Health Organization. Geneva: WHO Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 is a functional receptor for the emerging human coronavirus-EMC Assays for laboratory confirmation of novel human coronavirus (hCoV-EMC) infections Crossreactive antibodies in convalescent SARS patients' sera against the emerging novel human coronavirus EMC (2012) by both immunofluorescent and neutralizing antibody tests The spike-protein of the emerging betacoronavirus EMC uses a novel coronavirus receptor for entry, can be activated by TMPRSS2 and is targeted by neutralizing antibodies Detection of a novel human coronavirus by real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction Laboratory capability for molecular detection and confirmation of novel coronavirus in Europe Inhibition of novel b coronavirus replication by a combination of interferon-a2b and ribavirin A predicted receptor-binding and critical neutralizing domain in S protein of the novel human coronavirus HCoV-EMC Global alert and response (GAR): Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) e update
    keywords: cases; coronavirus; cov; east; human; infection; mers; middle; novel; respiratory; sars
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        item: #749 of 5187
          id: cord-263509-wi0um8cm
      author: Rivera, Victor M
       title: Actitudes Terapéuticas Hacia La Esclerosis Múltiple En Centroamérica Y El Caribe Frente A La Pandemia De Sars-Cov-2
        date: 2020-07-28
       words: 923
      flesch: 36
     summary: A pesar de esta limitación, en años recientes la mayoría de los sistemas de seguridad social y algunos de atención pública en esta zona, han dedicado una gran porción de sus presupuestos a la adquisición de las variadas y onerosas terapias aprobadas por agencias internacionales para el manejo de EM². La teórica posibilidad que pacientes con EM pudieran ser especialmente vulnerables a la infección con SARS-CoV-2 considerando presencia de discapacidad neurológica y uso de tratamientos que afectan al sistema inmune, varios medicamentos de hecho causando persistente depleción linfocitaria, conllevó al Foro Centroamericano y del Caribe de Esclerosis Múltiple (FOCEM) a explorar actitudes terapéuticas en la región hispanoparlante encarando la pandemia.
    keywords: con; cov-2; del; los; sars
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        item: #750 of 5187
          id: cord-263532-q044i7ym
      author: Goyal, Bhupesh
       title: Targeting the Dimerization of the Main Protease of Coronaviruses: A Potential Broad-Spectrum Therapeutic Strategy
        date: 2020-05-13
       words: 6025
      flesch: 45
     summary: SARS CoV M pro SARS CoV M pro exists as a homodimer in its active form. In another study, Graziano et al. employed chemical crosslinking, enzyme kinetics and small-angle X-ray scattering techniques to investigate the oligomeric state of SARS CoV M pro .
    keywords: activity; cov; cov m; dimer; dimerization; pro; protease; sars
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        item: #751 of 5187
          id: cord-263538-0wozg085
      author: Cooch, P. B.
       title: Supervised self-collected SARS-CoV-2 testing in indoor summer camps to inform school reopening
        date: 2020-10-23
       words: 4441
      flesch: 45
     summary: The methods we describe suggest a scalable approach for return to school testing. Eligible participants were campers, up to two adult household contacts, and camp staff.
    keywords: camp; collection; cov-2; license; preprint; sars; school; self; staff; testing
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        item: #752 of 5187
          id: cord-263576-pn2zieek
      author: Das, Sourav
       title: An investigation into the identification of potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 main protease using molecular docking study
        date: 2020-05-13
       words: 5009
      flesch: 41
     summary: As mentioned earlier, in addition to the control drugs for the treatment of COVID-19, here we have performed the molecular docking studies of various naturally occurring compounds, anti-virals, anti-fungals, anti-nematodes and anti-protozoal drug with SARS-CoV-2 M pro . In this context, repurposing of already known drugs and molecules is an essential concept (R. J. , especially in the pandemic that has resulted due to the novel coronavirus, as it is cost-effective in terms of research and development of new novel drug molecules.
    keywords: alkyl; anti; figure; interaction; kcal; mol; sars; site
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        item: #753 of 5187
          id: cord-263583-a1zon98c
      author: Fabbris, Cristoforo
       title: Is oro/nasopharyngeal swab for SARS-CoV-2 detection a safe procedure? Complications observed among a case series of 4876 consecutive swabs
        date: 2020-10-13
       words: 763
      flesch: 46
     summary: One patient, affected by diabetes mellitus and neutropenia, developed septal abscess (case 2) and another, who later was observed to have septal deviation, had severe anterior and posterior bleeding from an arterial point of the olfactory area, possibly arising from the anterior ethmoidal artery (case 3) requiring surgical cauterization. Besides epistaxis, one of the patients experienced septal abscess, which can result in long-term morbidity.
    keywords: complications; nasal; septal
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        item: #754 of 5187
          id: cord-263594-jd9ako6c
      author: Kang, Sisi
       title: A COVID-19 antibody curbs SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein-induced complement hyper-activation
        date: 2020-09-11
       words: 2520
      flesch: 41
     summary: The complex structure of N protein RNA binding domain with the highest binding affinity mAb nCoV396 reveals the epitopes and antigen’s allosteric changes. One Sentence Summary B cell profiling, structural determination, and protease activity assays identify a functional antibody to N protein. mechanics despite the severity of hypoxemia (7).
    keywords: antibodies; antibody; complement; cov-2; fig; protein; sars
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        item: #755 of 5187
          id: cord-263616-igprqlqr
      author: Hamid, Hytham K. S.
       title: Considerations for transanal surgery during COVID‐19 pandemic
        date: 2020-07-15
       words: 150
      flesch: -86
     summary: key: cord-263616-igprqlqr authors: Hamid, Hytham K. S. title: Considerations for transanal surgery during COVID‐19 pandemic date: 2020-07-15 journal: J Surg Oncol DOI: 10.1002/jso.26085 sha: doc_id: 263616 cord_uid: igprqlqr nan To the Editor, Elective colorectal cancer surgery at the oncologic hub of Lombardy inside a pandemic COVID-19 area Gastrointestinal manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection and virus load in fecal samples from the Hong Kong cohort and systematic review and meta-analysis Prolonged presence of SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA in faecal samples Evidence for gastrointestinal infection of SARS-CoV-2 Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in different types of clinical specimens Isolation of 2019-nCoV from a stool specimen of a laboratory-confirmed case of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Detection of novel coronavirus by RT-PCR in stool specimen from asymptomatic child Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in a paucisymptomatic patient: epidemiological and clinical challenge in settings with limited community transmission
    keywords: sars
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        item: #756 of 5187
          id: cord-263719-a9mnjr3s
      author: Lee, A.
       title: Wuhan novel coronavirus (COVID-19): why global control is challenging?
        date: 2020-02-29
       words: 1282
      flesch: 51
     summary: The current concerns then regarding the 2019-nCoV outbreak must be for low-and middle-income countries where health protection systems tend to be weaker. Consequently, the risk of COVID-19 is most likely to be greatest in developing countries that are most likely to lack the means and health protection systems to protect themselves.
    keywords: countries; covid-19; disease; health
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        item: #757 of 5187
          id: cord-263738-8g5ujfaf
      author: Qian, Jing-Yi
       title: Acute Kidney Injury in the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease
        date: 2020-06-18
       words: 3517
      flesch: 46
     summary: These results provide direct evidence that the SARS-CoV-2 virus can directly infect the renal tubular epithelium and podocytes, which may induce AKI in COVID-19 patients [17] . Moreover, a study of 52 critically ill patients showed that lymphocytopenia occurred in more than 80% of COVID-19 patients [7] .
    keywords: acute; aki; clinical; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; kidney; patients; sars
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        item: #758 of 5187
          id: cord-263739-xoum5e0k
      author: Zhang, X.-Y.
       title: Analysis of the effect of proton pump inhibitors on the course of common COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-09
       words: 2582
      flesch: 57
     summary: T test was used for the 220 differences between data groups conforming to normal distribution, while Manny-221 Whitney U test was used for the differences between data groups not conforming 222 to normal distribution. Hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic liver disease and malignant tumor all increased the duration of hospital stay for COVID-19, and the HR were 1.820 (1.073-3.085), 4.370 (1.205-15.844), 9.011 (2.681-30.290) and 5.270 (1.237-22.456), respectively; the duration of hospital stay in COVID-19 patients was shortened by SARS-CoV-2 clearance, and the HR was 0.907 (0.869-0.947); all P < 0.05.
    keywords: cov-2; license; preprint; sars
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        item: #759 of 5187
          id: cord-263764-2ewz8ok4
      author: Kutter, Jasmin S
       title: Transmission routes of respiratory viruses among humans
        date: 2018-01-17
       words: 4392
      flesch: 34
     summary: Our observations underscore the urgent need for new knowledge on respiratory virus transmission routes and the implementation of this knowledge in infection control guidelines to advance intervention strategies for currently circulating and newly emerging viruses and to improve public health. Unfortunately, terms and definitions of respiratory transmission routes and isolation guidelines are not always used in a uniform way, leaving room for personal interpretation.
    keywords: aerosol; air; human; infection; influenza; outbreak; routes; sars; studies; transmission; viruses
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        item: #760 of 5187
          id: cord-263801-01goni72
      author: Sobral, Marcos Felipe Falcão
       title: Association between climate variables and global transmission oF SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-08-10
       words: 2958
      flesch: 40
     summary: • Negative association between country average temperature and COVID-19 infections. No association between deaths and country temperature or precipitation.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; sars; temperature
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        item: #761 of 5187
          id: cord-263803-0n41gylj
      author: Villoutreix, Bruno O.
       title: Prevention of COVID-19 by drug repurposing: rationale from drugs prescribed for mental disorders
        date: 2020-06-25
       words: 1287
      flesch: 39
     summary: key: cord-263803-0n41gylj authors: Villoutreix, Bruno O.; Beaune, Philippe H.; Tamouza, Ryad; Krishnamoorthy, Rajogapal; Leboyer, Marion title: Prevention of COVID-19 by drug repurposing: rationale from drugs prescribed for mental disorders date: 2020-06-25 journal: Drug Discov Today DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.06.022 sha: doc_id: 263803 cord_uid: 0n41gylj nan At present, no treatments or vaccines are available to treat or prevent the coronavirus SARS-Cov-2 infection. If we take the example of the highly debated anti-malarial Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine that have in vitro antiviral activity, these compounds are also CAD and PLD compounds (they display two ionizable amine groups while most often, psychotropic drugs contain only one ionizable amine group).
    keywords: activity; cov-2; drugs; sars
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        item: #762 of 5187
          id: cord-263840-1t4ykc01
      author: Altay, Ozlem
       title: Current status of COVID-19 therapies and drug repositioning applications
        date: 2020-06-20
       words: 2103
      flesch: 22
     summary: No specific 124 therapies for COVID-19 is approved by U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) so far but many 125 previously approved drugs, as an efficient approach to drug discovery named drug repurposing, is being 126 tested on COVID-19. In-silico drug repurposing methodologies have accelerated the studies in drug discovery through the use 250 of data mining approaches, bioinformatics techniques, and predictive models for determining the efficacy 251 and safety of the drugs.
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; discovery; drug; patients; repurposing; sars; treatment
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        item: #763 of 5187
          id: cord-263844-ixgejst2
      author: Majdic, Gregor
       title: Could Sex/Gender Differences in ACE2 Expression in the Lungs Contribute to the Large Gender Disparity in the Morbidity and Mortality of Patients Infected With the SARS-CoV-2 Virus?
        date: 2020-06-09
       words: 1704
      flesch: 37
     summary: Recently, an ad hoc study on previously collected datasets did not find sex differences in ACE2 mRNA expression between males and females (Cai G. 2020), but this was performed on samples collected for a different study and cannot be viewed as definitive proof, especially as the study did not examine either the protein expression or activity of ACE2 enzyme. However, there are no data on sex-specific differences in ACE2 expression.
    keywords: ace2; expression; sex
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        item: #764 of 5187
          id: cord-263847-kyak5cy4
      author: Shi, Tzu-Hau
       title: Andrographolide and its fluorescent derivative inhibit the main proteases of 2019-nCoV and SARS-CoV through covalent linkage
        date: 2020-08-25
       words: 3147
      flesch: 41
     summary: Moreover, the DNA sequence of 2019-nCoV M pro was cloned into a pET-29a vector to encode recombinant protease with a C-terminal His 6 -tag. 2019-nCoV M pro is a cysteine protease known to be inactivated by Michael acceptor inhibitor N3
    keywords: andrographolide; covid-19; fig; ncov; pro; protease; sars
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        item: #765 of 5187
          id: cord-263874-q0egnzwf
      author: Khan, Md. Arif
       title: Comparative molecular investigation of the potential inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2 main protease: a molecular docking study
        date: 2020-07-22
       words: 2996
      flesch: 40
     summary: I. Basis, form, scope, parameterization, and performance of MMFF94 Molecular-docking study of malaria drug target enzyme transketolase in Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 portends the novel approach to its treatment Treating diabetes mellitus: Pharmacophore based designing of potential drugs from gymnema sylvestre against insulin receptor protein Identification of potential inhibitor and enzyme-inhibitor complex on trypanothione reductase to control Chagas disease Assessment of structurally and functionally high-risk nsSNPs impacts on human bone morphogenetic protein receptor type IA (BMPR1A) by computational approach Swiss-PDB viewer (deep view) Genomic characterization of a novel SARS-CoV-2 PubChem substance and compound databases Combination therapy with lopinavir/ritonavir, ribavirin and interferona for Middle East respiratory syndrome Halting coronavirus polymerase Fast empirical pKa prediction by Ewald summation Making optimal use of empirical energy functions: Force-field parameterization in crystal space New ways to boost molecular dynamics simulations Potential inhibitors against 2019-nCoV coronavirus M protease from clinically approved medicines Exploring the potent inhibitors and binding modes of phospholipase A2 through in silico investigation Supersized virtual screening offers potent leads Computational studies of drug repurposing and synergism of lopinavir, oseltamivir and ritonavir binding with SARS-CoV-2 protease against COVID-19 Drug repurposing: Progress, challenges and recommendations The RCSB protein data bank: Moving drugs from concept to the clinic On the origin and continuing evolution of SARS-CoV-2 AutoDock Vina: Improving the speed and accuracy of docking with a new scoring function, efficient optimization, and multithreading Analysis of therapeutic targets for SARS-CoV-2 and discovery of potential drugs by computational methods Epirubicin directly promotes hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication in stable HBV-expressing cell lines: A novel mechanism of HBV reactivation following anticancer chemotherapy Computational screening of antagonists against the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) coronavirus by molecular docking The first-in-class peptide binder to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein The authors declares that they have no conflict of interest.
    keywords: beta; binding; complex; cov-2; drug; protease; protein; sars
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        item: #766 of 5187
          id: cord-263945-yli5suxb
      author: Iancu, Gabriela Mariana
       title: Viral exanthema as manifestation of SARS-CoV-2 infection: A case report
        date: 2020-08-28
       words: 2220
      flesch: 41
     summary: A meta-analysis of 19 studies published by Sachdeva et al, showed that cutaneous manifestations can precede respiratory ones by 3 days (12.50% of cases) or can appear after 13 days (69.40%) from the onset of respiratory manifestations in SARS-CoV-2. [2] All these are nonspecific and can be encountered in other viral respiratory infections but the development of pneumonia (dyspnea and bilateral infiltrates on lung imaging) several days after the onset of symptoms is highly suggestive in the present context.
    keywords: case; days; infection; manifestations; patients; sars
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        item: #767 of 5187
          id: cord-263965-i8yutik6
      author: Relf, Michael V.
       title: What's Old is New! Similarities Between SARS-CoV-2 and HIV
        date: 2020-04-09
       words: 1789
      flesch: 57
     summary: However, despite guidelines from CDC in 2006 that recommended HIV testing for everyone between the ages of 13 and 64 years as part of routine health care, we do not see people asking to be tested for HIV. Similarly, HIV providers, including nurses and nurse practitioners from around the world, are wondering what to advise persons living with HIV about this contemporary threat.
    keywords: disease; hiv; sars; world
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        item: #768 of 5187
          id: cord-263970-9w6ciglv
      author: Marquez-Miranda, Valeria
       title: Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a structure reveals chloride binding sites
        date: 2020-10-22
       words: 2886
      flesch: 51
     summary: key: cord-263970-9w6ciglv authors: Marquez-Miranda, Valeria; Rojas, Maximiliano; Duarte, Yorley; Diaz-Franulic, Ignacio; Holmgren, Miguel; Cachau, Raul E.; Gonzalez-Nilo, Fernando D. title: Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a structure reveals chloride binding sites date: 2020-10-22 journal: bioRxiv DOI: 10.1101/2020.10.22.349522 sha: doc_id: 263970 cord_uid: 9w6ciglv SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a is believed to form ion channels, which may be involved in the modulation of virus release, and has been implicated in various cellular processes like the up-regulation of fibrinogen expression in lung epithelial cells, downregulation of type 1 interferon receptor, caspase-dependent apoptosis, and increasing IFNAR1 ubiquitination. ORF3a is believed to form ion channels
    keywords: cavity; domain; ions; orf3a; potential; structure
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        item: #769 of 5187
          id: cord-264012-q2quyijg
      author: Lim, Su Bin
       title: ACE2-expressing endothelial cells in aging mouse brain
        date: 2020-07-11
       words: 2141
      flesch: 38
     summary: Overall, this work reveals an outline of ACE2 distribution in the mouse brain and identify putative brain host cells that may underlie the selective susceptibility of the aging brain to viral infection. In light of such controversy regarding neuropathological features, a more comprehensive assessment on the distribution of ACE2 in a cell type-specific manner is required to identify putative brain host cells.
    keywords: ace2; brain; cells; covid-19; human; seq
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        item: #770 of 5187
          id: cord-264013-8jnae6ig
      author: Tsilingiris, Dimitrios
       title: Telomere length, epidemiology, and pathogenesis of severe COVID‐19
        date: 2020-08-09
       words: 1908
      flesch: 37
     summary: key: cord-264013-8jnae6ig authors: Tsilingiris, Dimitrios; Tentolouris, Anastasios; Eleftheriadou, Ioanna; Tentolouris, Nikolaos title: Telomere length, epidemiology, and pathogenesis of severe COVID‐19 date: 2020-08-09 journal: 14 With each cell cycle telomeres become gradually shorter, so that decreases in telomere length following consecutive cellular divisions correspond to a constantly diminishing replicative capacity 15 .
    keywords: disease; infection; length; sars; senescence; telomere
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        item: #771 of 5187
          id: cord-264031-0y7xbgun
      author: Wierbowski, Shayne D.
       title: A 3D Structural Interactome to Explore the Impact of Evolutionary Divergence, Population Variation, and Small-molecule Drugs on SARS-CoV-2-Human Protein-Protein Interactions
        date: 2020-10-13
       words: 5081
      flesch: 22
     summary: Our finding that disease mutations and viral proteins 197 affect human proteins at distinct sites is consistent with a two-hit hypothesis of comorbidities whereby 198 proteins whose function is already affected by genetic background may be further compromised by viral 199 infection. Disruption of native protein-protein interactions is one mechanism of disease 189 pathology, and disease mutations are known to be enriched along protein interfaces 70, 71 .
    keywords: cov-2; disease; human; interaction; interactome; interface; mutations; population; protein; sars; structural; variants; viral
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        item: #772 of 5187
          id: cord-264042-4hc2i25r
      author: Chim, Harvey
       title: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome in a Naval Diver
        date: 2006-06-17
       words: 2135
      flesch: 46
     summary: Therefore, our goals were twofold: (1) to detect SARS cases early and to break any chain of transmission and (2) to prevent the onset of infection. Mil Med DOI: 10.7205/milmed.171.6.491 sha: doc_id: 264042 cord_uid: 4hc2i25r Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a highly infectious, rapidly progressive, emerging disease.
    keywords: diving; measures; patient; personnel; sars
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        item: #773 of 5187
          id: cord-264045-h0vt3r9j
      author: Pallett, Scott J C
       title: Serological assays for delayed SARS-CoV-2 case identification – Author's reply
        date: 2020-09-14
       words: 645
      flesch: 25
     summary: key: cord-264045-h0vt3r9j authors: Pallett, Scott J C; Rayment, Michael; Patel, Aatish; Charani, Esmita; Denny, Sarah J; Fitzgerald-Smith, Sophia A M; Mughal, Nabeela; Jones, Rachael; Davies, Gary W; Moore, Luke S P title: Serological assays for delayed SARS-CoV-2 case identification – Author's reply date: 2020-09-14 journal: Lancet Respir Med DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(20)30406-9 sha: doc_id: 264045 cord_uid: h0vt3r9j nan Serological assays for delayed SARS-CoV-2 case identification We read with interest the insightful comments put forward by Kay Weng Choy, raising important considerations for clinicians planning to use pointof-care serological assays for delayed case identification of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in response to those presented in our Article. Indeed, previously reported work in SARS-CoV-1 would suggest the potential for crossreactivity of autoantibodies for SARS-CoV-2 IgG. 2 Similarly, consideration has also been given to how age could affect viral load and the subsequent development of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies, 3 which is a focus of our ongoing work.
    keywords: assays; care; sars
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        item: #774 of 5187
          id: cord-264051-ps0x2es1
      author: Li, Wei
       title: Human Identical Sequences of SARS-CoV-2 Promote Clinical Progression of COVID-19 by Upregulating Hyaluronan via NamiRNA-Enhancer Network
        date: 2020-11-05
       words: 8954
      flesch: 43
     summary: Such discrepancies may be owing to the binding of hyaluronan and its ligand CD44, which can induce the death of activated T cells (McKallip et al., 2002) . Noteworthily, as the antiviral immunity guardian, T cells are reduced significantly in COVID-19 patients (Diao et al., 2020) , which is negatively correlated with survival rates.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; et al; expression; g t; gene; hek293 t; host; human; hyaluronan; level; patients; rna; sars; t c; t cells; t t; virus
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        item: #775 of 5187
          id: cord-264052-uph136sn
      author: Wilson, Mitchell P
       title: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in neurology and neurosurgery: A scoping review of the early literature
        date: 2020-04-23
       words: 2115
      flesch: 31
     summary: As the number of COVID-19 cases continues to rise dramatically across the world, we anticipate that the literature will also continue to evolve. Although uncommon, background cerebrovascular disease may be a risk factor for poor outcome in COVID-19 patients (5) .
    keywords: cases; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; sars
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        item: #776 of 5187
          id: cord-264057-z5arb1k5
      author: Goel, S.
       title: Preparations and limitations for prevention of severe acute respiratory syndrome in a tertiary care centre of India
        date: 2007-05-18
       words: 2756
      flesch: 56
     summary: A set of standard protocols for screening and management of infectious disease patients should be framed and displayed prominently. Grouping infectious patients in a centralized location in an early stage of infection may reduce the extent of an epidemic.
    keywords: control; diseases; emergency; emopd; infection; patients; sars
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        item: #777 of 5187
          id: cord-264148-qpcvxwti
      author: He, Feng
       title: Coronavirus disease 2019: What we know?
        date: 2020-03-28
       words: 2069
      flesch: 43
     summary: A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster Evaluation of coronavirus in tears and conjunctival secretions of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in tears Preliminary estimation of the basic reproduction number of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in China, from 2019 to 2020: a data-driven analysis in the early phase of the outbreak Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China Presumed asymptomatic carrier transmission of COVID-19 Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72314 cases from the Chinese center for disease control and prevention Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Correlation of chest CT and RT-PCR testing in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19 Time course of lung changes on chest ct during recovery from 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia. The analysis of samples from seven SARS-CoV-2 infected patients suggested that SARS-CoV-2 shares 79.5% sequence identity to SARS-CoV. 3 Simplot analysis showed that SARS-CoV-2 share 96.2% overall genome sequence identity to RaTG13, which is a short RdRp region from a bat CoV. 3 Phylogenetic analysis revealed that SARS-CoV-2 falls into the subgenus Sarbecovirus of the genus Betacoronavirus and is distinct from SARS-CoV. 2, 4 The envelope spike (S) protein is important for CoV. 19 The S protein mediates receptor binding and membrane fusion and is crucial for determining host tropism and transmission capacity.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov; covid-19; novel; patients; sars
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        item: #778 of 5187
          id: cord-264260-8p6pvjkn
      author: Peng, Hongbing
       title: A synergistic role of convalescent plasma and mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of severely ill COVID-19 patients: a clinical case report
        date: 2020-07-16
       words: 3168
      flesch: 44
     summary: Convalescent plasma donors come from COVID-19 patients who meet the criteria for desegregation and discharge. From admission to discharge, the researchers continue to observe and evaluate patients' dynamic changes in clinical symptoms and laboratory results, especially after receiving plasma and stem cell therapy.
    keywords: cells; convalescent; covid-19; mscs; patients; plasma; stem; treatment
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        item: #779 of 5187
          id: cord-264261-98h1bmb2
      author: Caruana, Giorgia
       title: Diagnostic strategies for SARS-CoV-2 infection and interpretation of microbiological results
        date: 2020-06-25
       words: 1419
      flesch: 32
     summary: WHO guidelines for 396 the global surveillance of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): updated 397 recommendations Serological assays for emerging 401 coronaviruses: challenges and pitfalls Novel antibody epitopes dominate the antigenicity of spike 403 glycoprotein in SARS-CoV-2 compared to SARS-CoV Potent binding of 2019 novel coronavirus spike protein by a SARS 407 coronavirus-specific human monoclonal antibody Lateral flow assays SARS-CoV-2 viral load in 413 upper respiratory specimens of infected patients Correlation of chest CT and RT-PCR testing in coronavirus disease 2019 China: a report of 1014 cases Fecal specimen diagnosis 2019 Samples like blood and urines were found to be weakly-to-none sensitive, while the virus was 231 also found in feces and perineal swabs of patients with gastro-intestinal symptoms [44] [45] , Improved molecular diagnosis of COVID-19 by the novel, highly sensitive 316 and specific COVID-19-RdRp/Hel real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain 317 reaction assay validated in vitro and with clinical specimens Ten years of R&D and full automation 320 in molecular diagnosis Letter to the editor: 322 SARS-CoV-2 detection by real-time RT-PCR Potential Rapid Diagnostics, Vaccine and Therapeutics for 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV): A Systematic Review False-Negative Rate of Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction-Based 330 SARS-CoV-2 Tests by Time Since Exposure Sources of pre-analytical, analytical and post-analytical errors in 332 the microbiology laboratory PCR inhibitors-occurrence, 336 properties and removal SARS-COV-2 diagnostic pipeline Xpert® Xpress SARS-CoV-2 has received FDA 340 Purification and enrichment of 343 virus samples utilizing magnetic beads on a microfluidic system High-speed RNA microextraction technology 346 using magnetic oligo-dT beads and lateral magnetophoresis Parallel RNA extraction 349 using magnetic beads and a droplet array Viral DNA/RNA 96 Kit; c2020 351 EZ1 Advanced XL; c2020 IDEAL96 Automated Extraction Robot; c2020 Multifunctional device for 360 nucleic acid extraction based on magnetic separation and its co-working with liquid 361 handling system for high throughput sample preparation A simple 364 magnetic nanoparticles-based viral RNA extraction method for efficient detection of 365 Profile of specific antibodies to the SARS-associated 369 coronavirus Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in patients of 373 novel coronavirus disease 2019 Longitudinal Monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG Seropositivity 378 to Detect COVID-19 Antibody 387 responses to SARS-CoV-2 in patients with COVID-19 Kinetics of serologic responses to MERS coronavirus infection in humans, South 392 Korea Antigenic relationships amongst coronaviruses.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; pcr; protein; sars
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        item: #780 of 5187
          id: cord-264266-6xvj9zey
      author: Chakrabarti, Sankha Shubhra
       title: COVID-19 in India: Are Biological and Environmental Factors Helping to Stem the Incidence and Severity?
        date: 2020-05-09
       words: 3852
      flesch: 44
     summary: However, this again raises queries on why Iran having a dry desert climate (type B) bore the brunt of COVID-19 cases [3] . The world's second-most populous country lies around the 40 th rank among nations for the number of diagnosed COVID-19 cases (www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/).
    keywords: cases; cov-2; covid-19; cross; immunity; india; patients; sars; viruses
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        item: #781 of 5187
          id: cord-264326-teahway7
      author: Eleftheriou, Phaedra
       title: In Silico Evaluation of the Effectivity of Approved Protease Inhibitors against the Main Protease of the Novel SARS-CoV-2 Virus
        date: 2020-05-29
       words: 5423
      flesch: 40
     summary: Estimated binding energies of approved or under-trial III protease inhibitors to the structure of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease structures (PDB code: 6LU7 and PDB code: 6M2N), to their initial protease target (HCV protease structure 2WF8, DPP-4 structure 2FFW, a-thrombin structure 1DWE, Factor Xa structure 4BTI) and to the HIV-1 protease structure 4RVJ. Docking analysis of 34 approved or phase III trial protease inhibitors to the SARS-CoV-2 protease revealed several drugs that may act as SARS-CoV-2 protease inhibitors, within the classes of the HCV protease, DPP-4, α-thrombin and coagulation Factor Xa inhibitors.
    keywords: acids; amino; compounds; docking; enzyme; hydrogen; hydrophobic; inhibitors; interactions; protease; sars; structure
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        item: #782 of 5187
          id: cord-264333-mgeicojq
      author: Chiotos, Kathleen
       title: Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children During the Coronavirus 2019 Pandemic: A Case Series
        date: 2020-05-28
       words: 2504
      flesch: 47
     summary: On HD 2, he received pulse dose methylprednisolone (10 mg/kg) and IVIG 2 g/kg for possible Kawasaki disease shock syndrome, then was transferred to our facility for possible extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Clinical characteristics of these cases share features with toxic shock syndrome, Kawasaki disease, and Kawasaki disease shock syndrome, including fever, shock, and variably rash, conjunctivitis, extremity edema, and gastrointestinal symptoms.
    keywords: cov-2; disease; sars; syndrome
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        item: #783 of 5187
          id: cord-264360-eroqjkoh
      author: Risku, Minna
       title: Detection of human coronaviruses in children with acute gastroenteritis
        date: 2010-03-15
       words: 2372
      flesch: 53
     summary: A new virus isolated from the human respiratory tract The morphology of three previously uncharacterized human respiratory viruses that grow in organ culture Recovery in tracheal organ cultures of novel viruses from patients with respiratory disease Growth in suckling-mouse brain of IBVlike viruses from patients with upper respiratory tract disease Occurrence and frequency of coronavirus infections in humans as determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Viruses and bacteria in the etiology of the common cold An outbreak of coronavirus OC43 respiratory infection in Normandy, France Rhinovirus and coronavirus infectionassociated hospitalizations among older adults Spectrum of clinical illness in hospitalized patients with common cold virus infections The human enteric coronaviruses Adaptation of human enteric coronavirus to growth in cell lines Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome A cluster of cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong A major outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Identification of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Canada Enteric involvement of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus infection Clinical progression and viral load in a community outbreak of coronavirus-associated SARS pneumonia: a prospective study Viral replication in the nasopharynx is associated with diarrhea in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Identification of a new human coronavirus A previously undescribed coronavirus associated with respiratory disease in humans Human coronavirus NL63 infection in Canada New human coronavirus, HCoV-NL63, associated with severe lower respiratory tract disease in Australia Human Coronavirus-NL63 infections in Korean children Human coronavirus NL63, France Croup is associated with the novel coronavirus NL63 Seroepidemiology of group I human coronaviruses in children Characterization and complete genome sequence of a novel coronavirus, coronavirus HKU1, from patients with pneumonia Human respiratory coronavirus HKU1 versus other coronavirus infections in Italian hospitalised patients A prospective hospital-based study of the clinical impact of non-severe acute respiratory syndrome (Non-SARS)-related human coronavirus infection Evidence of human coronavirus HKU1 and human bocavirus in Australian children Coronavirus HKU1 infection in the United States Detection of the new human coronavirus HKU1: a report of 6 cases Multiplex real time RT-PCR for the detection and quantitation of norovirus genogroups I and II in patients with acute gastroenteritis We thank Professor Tobias Allander and Professor Lia van der Hoek for providing control samples for setting up the PCR method. Since the discovery, NL63 has been detected in patients with respiratory tract infection in several countries around the world, including Canada, Australia, Korea and France.
    keywords: children; coronavirus; gastroenteritis; human; respiratory; samples
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        item: #784 of 5187
          id: cord-264421-799n9wqj
      author: Novelli, Antonio
       title: Analysis of ACE2 genetic variants in 131 Italian SARS-CoV-2-positive patients
        date: 2020-09-11
       words: 3324
      flesch: 46
     summary: We therefore investigated the occurrence of ACE2 variants in a cohort of 131 Italian unrelated individuals clinically diagnosed with COVID-19 and in an Italian control population, to evaluate a possible allelic association with COVID-19, by direct DNA analysis. Our results suggest that there is no strong evidence, in our cohort, of consistent association of ACE2 variants with COVID-19 severity.
    keywords: ace2; cov-2; covid-19; gene; patients; rome; sars; variants
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        item: #785 of 5187
          id: cord-264461-nzvuugls
      author: Li, Jing
       title: Puzzle of highly pathogenic human coronaviruses (2019-nCoV)
        date: 2020-02-22
       words: 2075
      flesch: 35
     summary: To view a copy of this licence, visit http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The 2019-new Coronavirus epidemic: evidence for virus evolution A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-toperson transmission: a study of a family cluster From SARS-CoV to Wuhan 2019-nCoV outbreak: similarity of early epidemic and prediction of future trends Glycyrrhizin, an active component of liquorice roots, and replication of SARS-associated coronavirus Treatment of SARS with human interferons Genomic and protein structure modelling analysis depicts the origin and infectivity of 2019-nCoV Host and infectivity prediction of Wuhan Pegylated interferon-alpha protects type 1 pneumocytes against SARS coronavirus infection in macaques From SARS to MERS: 10 years of research on highly pathogenic human coronaviruses Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. However, the outbreak of pneumonia caused by a novel 2019-nCoV virus is a reminder that importance should be given to predicting the risk of novel virus infections in humans (Thompson, 2020) .
    keywords: coronavirus; human; ncov; sars
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        item: #786 of 5187
          id: cord-264477-2onwu92a
      author: Brida, Margarita
       title: The globe on the spotlight: Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19)
        date: 2020-07-01
       words: 1972
      flesch: 37
     summary: key: cord-264477-2onwu92a authors: Brida, Margarita; Chessa, Massimo; Gu, Hong; Gatzoulis, Michael A. title: The globe on the spotlight: Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) date: 2020-07-01 journal: Int J Cardiol DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2020.04.006 sha: doc_id: 264477 cord_uid: 2onwu92a nan Throughout history, infectious diseases represent a major global threat to human life and health, knowing neither geographic nor political borders. The paper by Tan and Aboulhosn published in the current issue of the Journal, summarizes current knowledge regarding Covid-19 disease pandemic and its potential cardiovascular involvement, with a reference to adult congenital heart disease (ACHD)
    keywords: achd; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; patients
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        item: #787 of 5187
          id: cord-264497-7xz97awb
      author: Przedlacki, Jerzy
       title: Patients’ and healthcare personnel expectations for SARS-CoV-2 screening in dialysis unit during the Covid-19 pandemic
        date: 2020-07-27
       words: 1000
      flesch: 46
     summary: The Novel Coronavirus 2019 epidemic and kidneys Interim infection prevention and control recommendations for patients with suspected or confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in healthcare settings Practical indications for the prevention and management of SARS-CoV-2 in ambulatory dialysis patients: lessons from the first phase of the epidemics in Lombardy Minimizing the risk of COVID-19 among patients on dialysis Screening of healthcare workers for SARS-CoV-2 highlights the role of asymptomatic carriage in COVID-19 transmission Psychosocial predictors of nonadherence to medical management among patients on maintenance dialysis Publisher's Note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations Patients were also asked who, in their opinion, should be responsible for determining whether a swab test in a hemodialysis patient is indicated (doctors or patients).
    keywords: patients; screening; tests
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        item: #788 of 5187
          id: cord-264515-nle4axad
      author: Vlachos, J.
       title: School closures and SARS-CoV-2. Evidence from Sweden's partial school closure
        date: 2020-10-14
       words: 7581
      flesch: 52
     summary: At the onset of the pandemic, Swedish upper secondary schools moved to online instruction while lower secondary school remained open. The results for parents indicate that keeping lower secondary schools open had minor consequences for the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in society.
    keywords: closures; cov-2; license; parents; partners; preprint; sars; school; teachers
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        item: #789 of 5187
          id: cord-264614-2x7cdul3
      author: Díaz-Guio, Diego Andrés
       title: COVID-19: Biosafety in the Intensive Care Unit
        date: 2020-08-27
       words: 3860
      flesch: 44
     summary: However, the median time from intubation to death of COVID-19 patients has been reported to be on the 7th day [41] . This article aims to show the different strategies to prevent the widespread of the disease to critical care healthcare workers based on the review of the recent literature and the author's experience with the personal protective equipment (PPE) in the care of patients with COVID-19 and work on human factors in crisis management.
    keywords: care; covid-19; equipment; healthcare; icu; patients; personnel; respirators; use; workers
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        item: #790 of 5187
          id: cord-264646-d7qexyav
      author: Raza, Syed Shadab
       title: Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A new front emerge in COVID19 treatment: Mesenchymal Stem Cells therapy for SARS-CoV2 viral infection
        date: 2020-07-15
       words: 2778
      flesch: 38
     summary: Nat Rev Dis Primers Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, and Early Immune-Modulator Therapy Hyperactive immune cells (T cells) may be responsible for acute lung injury in influenza virus infections: A need for early immunemodulators for severe cases Death from Asiatic influenza in the Netherlands Network analysis of transcriptional responses induced by mesenchymal stem cell treatment of experimental sepsis Therapeutic effects of human mesenchymal stem cell-derived microvesicles in severe pneumonia in mice Mechanisms underlying dentalderived stem cell-mediated neurorestoration in neurodegenerative disorders Inflammatory cytokine-induced intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in mesenchymal stem cells are critical for immunosuppression Deletion of interleukin-6 in monocytes/macrophages suppresses the initiation of hepatocellular carcinoma in mice SARS-CoV-2: A Storm is Raging Peripheral infusion of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells rescues acute liver failure lethality in monkeys Plasticity of mesenchymal stem cells in immunomodulation: pathological and therapeutic implications The potential of mesenchymal stem cell therapy for chronic lung disease A phase I study for intravenous autologous mesenchymal stromal cell administration to patients with severe emphysema Combined bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cell therapy and one-way endobronchial valve placement in patients with pulmonary emphysema: a phase i clinical trial ?term=stem+cell&cond=COVID19&draw=2&rank=11) 2-ChiCTR2000029816 We extend our thanks to Mr. Hari Shankar, Era University for his precious advice and support for this manuscript. During cell therapy, antibiotic was given to manage the bacterial infection, and to modulate the immune system thymosin α1 was injected.
    keywords: cells; covid19; infection; mesenchymal; mscs; patients; sars; stem
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        item: #791 of 5187
          id: cord-264653-ms6zrrnd
      author: Bhatnagar, Tarun
       title: Lopinavir/ritonavir combination therapy amongst symptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 patients in India: Protocol for restricted public health emergency use
        date: 2020-04-28
       words: 2715
      flesch: 37
     summary: Studies on MERS patients with treatment regimens including lopinavir-ritonavir reported positive disease outcomes including defervescence, viral clearance from serum and sputum and survival Initial virological and clinical findings MERS-coronavirus replication induces severe in vitro cytopathology and is strongly inhibited by cyclosporin A or interferon-α treatment Treatment with lopinavir/ritonavir or interferon-β1b improves outcome of MERS-CoV infection in a nonhuman primate model of common marmoset Combination therapy with lopinavir/ritonavir, ribavirin and interferon-α for Middle East respiratory syndrome Virological and serological analysis of a recent Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection case on a triple combination antiviral regimen Comparative and kinetic analysis of viral shedding and immunological responses in MERS patients representing a broad spectrum of disease severity Treatment of Middle East respiratory syndrome with a combination of lopinavir-ritonavir and interferon-β1b (MIRACLE trial):
    keywords: combination; coronavirus; cov; covid-19; lopinavir; patients; ritonavir; treatment
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        item: #792 of 5187
          id: cord-264709-p835wf4f
      author: Menezes, A. M. B.
       title: High prevalence of symptoms among Brazilian subjects with antibodies against SARS-CoV-2: a nationwide household survey
        date: 2020-08-12
       words: 3176
      flesch: 45
     summary: The difference in reported symptoms between 251 women and men is also at odds with the higher case-fatality among males 18 . This type of bias would reduce the 320 difference in reported symptoms among subjects who tested positive and negative.
    keywords: antibodies; prevalence; sars; study; subjects; symptoms; test
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        item: #793 of 5187
          id: cord-264772-v3a2qmj5
      author: Harada, Kouji H.
       title: Letter to the Editor on “An Imperative Need for Research on the Role of Environmental Factors in Transmission of Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19)”, Back to Basics
        date: 2020-06-18
       words: 510
      flesch: 38
     summary: For example, in a study of the common cold (around a quarter caused by ordinary coronaviruses), low ventilation rates in dormitories was shown to increase the risk of infections among students. The influence of opening windows and doors on the natural ventilation rate of a residential building Lack of SARS Transmission among Public Hospital Workers
    keywords: covid-19; sars
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        item: #794 of 5187
          id: cord-264814-v4wnmg03
      author: Flanagan, Katie L.
       title: Progress and Pitfalls in the Quest for Effective SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Vaccines
        date: 2020-10-02
       words: 15157
      flesch: 34
     summary: Med Hypotheses Antibodies against trimeric S glycoprotein protect hamsters against SARS-CoV challenge despite their capacity to mediate FcgammaRII-dependent entry into B cells in vitro Early death after feline infectious peritonitis virus challenge due to recombinant vaccinia virus immunization Monoclonal antibody analysis of neutralization and antibody-dependent enhancement of feline infectious peritonitis virus Monoclonal antibodies to the spike protein of feline infectious peritonitis virus mediate antibody-dependent enhancement of infection of feline macrophages Evaluation of modified vaccinia virus ankara based recombinant SARS vaccine in ferrets Molecular mechanism for antibody-dependent enhancement of coronavirus entry Distinct systems serology features in children, elderly and COVID patients. The standardization of a range of assays to support vaccine studies, such as viral neutralization assays, to enable comparison of different vaccine candidates in different populations will be key to facilitating vaccine development, an issue which represents a current focus of the WHO (43).
    keywords: cell; challenge; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; development; disease; dna; human; immunity; infection; key; nabs; patients; phase; protein; response; safety; sars; studies; table; trials; vaccine; virus
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        item: #795 of 5187
          id: cord-264828-6w13xo2a
      author: Albini, Adriana
       title: The SARS-CoV-2 receptor, ACE-2, is expressed on many different cell types: implications for ACE-inhibitor- and angiotensin II receptor blocker-based cardiovascular therapies
        date: 2020-05-19
       words: 3696
      flesch: 31
     summary: Active smoking is not associated with severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition and angiotensin II receptor blockers on cardiac angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 Perinatally administered losartan augments renal ACE2 expression but not cardiac or renal Mas receptor in spontaneously hypertensive rats Angiotensin II up-regulates angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE), but down-regulates ACE2 via the AT1-ERK/p38 MAP kinase pathway Are patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus at increased risk for COVID-19 infection? Angiotensin receptor blockers as tentative SARS-CoV-2 therapeutics HFSA/ACC/AHA statement addresses concerns Re: using RAAS antagonists in COVID-19 Position Statement of the ESC Council on hypertension on ACE-inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers Association of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors with severity or risk of death in patients with hypertension hospitalized for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection in Wuhan Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors improve the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients with hypertension Association of inpatient use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers with mortality among patients with hypertension hospitalized with COVID-19 Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockers and the risk of Cardiovascular disease, drug therapy, and mortality in Covid-19 Association of use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers with testing positive for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors and risk of Covid-19 Acknowledgements We thank Andrea Sonaglioni (Cardiology Unit, San Giuseppe Hospital-MultiMedica, Milan, Italy) and Mario Milco D'Elios (Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy) for helpful discussion and revision of the manuscript. Do ACE-Is and ARBs display similar or quantitatively divergent effects in COVID-19 patients? 2.
    keywords: ace; angiotensin; arbs; cov-2; covid-19; disease; patients; receptor; sars
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        item: #796 of 5187
          id: cord-264915-g5ar0pwb
      author: Abrams, Rory M.C.
       title: Severe rapidly progressive Guillain-Barré syndrome in the setting of acute COVID-19 disease
        date: 2020-07-27
       words: 1600
      flesch: 34
     summary: Abbreviations COVID-19, Coronavirus disease of 2019; GBS, Guillain-Barré syndrome; HIV, Human immunodeficiency virus; IVIg, Intravenous immunoglobulin; MRC, Medical Research Council; PLEX, Therapeutic plasmapheresis; RT-PCR, Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; SARS-CoV-2, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 Safety of therapeutic plasma exchange for the treatment of Guillain-Barre syndrome in polycythemia vera Supported by the ESC Working Group on Pulmonary Circulation and Right Ventricular Function (2020) COVID-19 and thrombotic or thromboembolic disease: implications for prevention, antithrombotic therapy, and follow-up Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy Diagnosis of Guillain-Barre syndrome and validation of Brighton criteria COVID-19 and neuromuscular disorders Miller fisher syndrome and polyneuritis cranialis in COVID-19 Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone preceding Guillain-Barre syndrome Mycoplasma pneumoniae triggering the Guillain-Barre syndrome: a case-control study Guillain-Barre syndrome following COVID-19: new infection, old complication? Guillain Barre syndrome associated with COVID-19 infection: a case report Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy results in post-infusional hyperproteinemia, increased serum viscosity, and pseudohyponatremia Hematological findings and complications of COVID-19 Guillain-Barre syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 Guillain-Barre syndrome Challenges of convalescent plasma therapy on COVID-19 Guillain-Barre syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection: causality or coincidence? CSF SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR was assessed by three different commercially available assays, suggestive that this does not appear to be a useful diagnostic marker in acute GBS and that direct viral infection was not the pathophysiologic mechanism of GBS.
    keywords: covid-19; gbs; guillain; infection; sars; syndrome
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        item: #797 of 5187
          id: cord-264916-c4n0kyog
      author: Zimmerman, Keith
       title: Natural protection of ocular surface from viral infections – a hypothesis
        date: 2020-07-09
       words: 4674
      flesch: 39
     summary: Coronavirus Contamination in Air and Surrounding Environment in MERS Isolation Wards Evidence of airborne transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome virus Viral infections in workers in hospital and research laboratory settings: a comparative review of infection modes and respective biosafety aspects Airborne transmission of communicable infection--the elusive pathway Influenza virus RNA recovered from droplets and droplet nuclei emitted by adults in an acute care setting Respiratory virus shedding in exhaled breath and efficacy of face masks Recognition of aerosol transmission of infectious agents: a commentary Origin of exhaled breath particles from healthy and human rhinovirus-infected subjects Properties of Coronavirus and SARS-CoV-2 Viral Architecture of SARS-CoV-2 with Post-Fusion Spike Revealed by Characterizations of particle size distribution of the droplets exhaled by sneeze Cough aerosol in healthy participants: fundamental knowledge to optimize droplet-spread infectious respiratory disease management Airborne spread of infectious agents in the indoor environment Measurements of airborne influenza virus in aerosol particles from human coughs Exposure to influenza virus aerosols during routine patient care Physiology Humidification: Basic Concepts In: Esquinas AM (ed) Humidification in the Intensive Care Unit Thermal mapping of the airways in humans Temperature profile in the nasal cavity Simultaneous in vivo measurements of intranasal air and mucosal temperature Nasal mucosal temperature after exposure to cold, dry air and hot, humid air Kinetics and evaporation of water drops in air Interaction of Water Droplets in Air Flow at Different Degrees of Flow Turbulence Evaporation and Movement of Fine Water Droplets Influenced by Initial Diameter and Relative Humidity Exhaled breath condensate: methodological recommendations and unresolved questions Exhaled breath condensate: an overview Lipid phenotyping of lung epithelial lining fluid in healthy human volunteers Somewhat surprisingly, the majority of the viruses responsible for respiratory viral infections are not a major cause of infectious conjunctivitis [6] .
    keywords: air; conjunctivitis; cov-2; eye; human; infection; particles; potential; sars; surface; virus
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        item: #798 of 5187
          id: cord-264919-0jlg2gkc
      author: Hopp, Marie-Thérèse
       title: Unravelling the debate on heme effects in COVID-19 infections
        date: 2020-06-12
       words: 7102
      flesch: 40
     summary: Clinical observations revealed their upregulation in COVID-19 patients as well as during hemolytic events (Dutra and Bozza, 2014; Humayun et al., 2020; Ye et al., 2020) , which highlights even more the TLR4 signaling pathway in both situations. COVID-19 is caused by infections with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and is accompanied by pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) associated with a cytokine storm, and death in the most severe cases (Ye et al., 2020; Zhou et al., 2020a) .
    keywords: ace2; binding; cell; cov-2; covid-19; et al; figure; heme; interaction; motifs; patients; protein; sars; system; tmprss2
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        item: #799 of 5187
          id: cord-264924-ds6jv5ek
      author: Tambyah, Paul A
       title: Severe acute respiratory syndrome from the trenches, at a Singapore university hospital
        date: 2004-11-30
       words: 5460
      flesch: 46
     summary: The previous day, the Ministry of Health in Singapore had declared Tan Tock Seng Hospital (TTSH), where the first cluster of SARS infections happened, as the national SARS hospital. The September 2003 laboratory acquired SARS case 30 was a setback to our SARS containment plans.
    keywords: epidemic; hospital; infection; patients; sars; singapore; syndrome; transmission; virus
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        item: #800 of 5187
          id: cord-264968-ctx39vhi
      author: Woo, Patrick CY
       title: Relative rates of non-pneumonic SARS coronavirus infection and SARS coronavirus pneumonia
        date: 2004-03-13
       words: 3573
      flesch: 41
     summary: key: cord-264968-ctx39vhi authors: Woo, Patrick CY; Lau, Susanna KP; Tsoi, Hoi-wah; Chan, Kwok-hung; Wong, Beatrice HL; Che, Xiao-yan; Tam, Victoria KP; Tam, Sidney CF; Cheng, Vincent CC; Hung, Ivan FN; Wong, Samson SY; Zheng, Bo-jian; Guan, Yi; Yuen, Kwok-yung title: Relative rates of non-pneumonic SARS coronavirus infection and SARS coronavirus pneumonia date: 2004-03-13 journal: Lancet DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(04)15729-2 sha: doc_id: 264968 cord_uid: ctx39vhi BACKGROUND: An ELISA based on recombinant nucleocapsid protein for IgG detection was tested with serum from 149 healthy blood donors who donated 3 years previously and with serum positive for antibodies against SARS-CoV (by indirect immunofluorescence assay) from 106 patients with SARS-CoV pneumonia.
    keywords: antibodies; blot; cov; elisa; non; protein; sars; spike
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        item: #801 of 5187
          id: cord-264970-232stxxo
      author: Testa, Sophie
       title: Switch from oral anticoagulants to parenteral heparin in SARS-CoV-2 hospitalized patients
        date: 2020-04-15
       words: 1421
      flesch: 15
     summary: In consideration of the pharmacological characteristics of oral anticoagulant drugs, the multiple pharmacological interactions due to the treatment of acute disease and the possible necessity of mechanical ventilation with hospitalization in intensive-care units, we suggest replacing oral anticoagulant therapies (VKA and DOAC) with parenteral heparin to avoid the risk of over/under treatment. In consideration of the pharmacological characteristics of oral anticoagulant drugs, the multiple pharmacological interactions due to the treatment of acute disease, and the possible necessity of mechanical ventilation with hospitalization in intensive-care units, we suggest replacing oral anticoagulant therapies (VKA and DOAC) with parenteral low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) or unfractionated heparin (UH) to avoid the risk of over/under treatment.
    keywords: anticoagulant; drugs; patients; therapy
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        item: #802 of 5187
          id: cord-264974-hspek930
      author: Timmis, Kenneth
       title: The COVID‐19 pandemic: some lessons learned about crisis preparedness and management, and the need for international benchmarking to reduce deficits
        date: 2020-05-03
       words: 7225
      flesch: 29
     summary: • Governments and health systems must subject national health systems, and national health system crisis preparedness, to international benchmark scrutiny, and transparently strive for attainment of best international standards. The number of individuals who try to keep it in the forefront of memory, in order to institute new measures that adequately protect us from the next crisis, and there will undoubtedly be new crises (see above), will be few and far between.
    keywords: countries; cov-2; covid-19; crisis; e.g.; health; healthcare; hospitals; infection; outbreak; pandemic; patients; preparedness; public; sars; systems
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        item: #803 of 5187
          id: cord-264976-6n9cdex6
      author: Corse, Tanner
       title: Clinical Outcomes of COVID-19 Patients with Pre-existing, Compromised Immune Systems: A Review of Case Reports
        date: 2020-10-18
       words: 6122
      flesch: 35
     summary: To learn more about such individuals, we conducted a search and review of published reports on the clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients with pre-existing, compromised immune systems. Most symptomatic COVID-19 patients recover with supportive care in hospitals; however, a small but significant percentage of COVID-19 patients are at risk of developing acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) or respiratory failure [7, 8] .
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; mortality; patients; rate; recipients; sars; table; transplant
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        item: #804 of 5187
          id: cord-265022-p5cab562
      author: Kotfis, Katarzyna
       title: COVID-19: ICU delirium management during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
        date: 2020-04-28
       words: 5433
      flesch: 28
     summary: The Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist (ICDSC)--translation and validation of intensive care delirium checklist in accordance with guidelines A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Fair Allocation of Scarce Medical Resources in the Time of Covid-19 Sedative and analgesic medications are independent risk factors in ICU patients for transitioning into delirium Use of medications with anticholinergic effect predicts clinical severity of delirium symptoms in older medical inpatients Caring for critically ill patients with the ABCDEF bundle: results of the ICU liberation collaborative in over 15,000 adults The ABCDEF bundle: science and philosophy of how ICU liberation serves patients and families Improving hospital survival and reducing brain dysfunction at seven California community hospitals: implementing PAD guidelines via the ABCDEF bundle in 6,064 patients Clinical and team management in the COVID-ICU: successful strategies from the first week Organ distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in SARS patients: implications for pathogenesis and virus transmission pathways Multiple organ infection and the pathogenesis of SARS Neurotropic virus tracing suggests a membranous-coatingmediated mechanism for transsynaptic communication SARS: clinical features and diagnosis The neuroinvasive potential of SARS-CoV2 may play a role in the respiratory failure of COVID-19 patients Mechanisms of host defense following severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) pulmonary infection of mice Neuroinvasion by human respiratory coronaviruses Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus causes multiple organ damage and lethal disease in mice transgenic for human Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 Novel coronavirus is putting the whole world on alert Neurotropism of human coronavirus 229E Characteristics of a coronavirus (strain 67N) of pigs Detection of coronavirus in the central nervous system of a child with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis Neurologic complications of coronavirus infections Coronavirus infections in the central nervous system and respiratory tract show distinct features in hospitalized children COVID-19-associated Acute Hemorrhagic Necrotizing Encephalopathy: CT and MRI Features. However, the standard of care for ICU patients, including delirium management, must remain the highest quality possible with an eye towards long-term survival and minimization of issues related to post-intensive care syndrome (PICS).
    keywords: acute; brain; care; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; delirium; icu; management; patients; risk; sars; unit
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        item: #805 of 5187
          id: cord-265111-d44ireu5
      author: D’Ardes, Damiano
       title: Duration of COVID-19: Data from an Italian Cohort and Potential Role for Steroids
        date: 2020-08-31
       words: 3105
      flesch: 36
     summary: Notwithstanding the many limitations of these study, such as the small sample size, these observations could add new information to the settings of prevention and treatment of COVID-19 patients, contributing to the worldwide battle against the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. We considered a cohort of patients recovered from COVID-19 showing that the median disease duration between onset and end of COVID-19 symptoms was 27.5 days (interquartile range (IQR): 17.0–33.2) and that the median duration between onset of symptoms and microbiological healing, defined by two consecutive negative nasopharyngeal swabs, was 38 days (IQR: 31.7–50.2).
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; disease; duration; patients; sars; shedding
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        item: #806 of 5187
          id: cord-265128-i0d4lxko
      author: Gurung, Arun Bahadur
       title: Unravelling lead antiviral phytochemicals for the inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 M(pro) enzyme through in silico approach
        date: 2020-05-22
       words: 2236
      flesch: 46
     summary: The natural products such as traditional medicines and plant-derived compounds (phytochemicals) are the rich sources of promising antiviral drugs [14] . The binding energies and inhibition constants of the phytochemicals with the SARS-CoV-2 M pro enzyme were compared with that of a set of twelve FDA approved antiviral drugs-a) Viral SARS-CoV-2 and Coronavirus Disease 2019:
    keywords: coronavirus; cov; drug; enzyme; m(pro; mers; phytochemicals; sars
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        item: #807 of 5187
          id: cord-265155-jbvrcjx8
      author: Aroniadis, Olga C.
       title: Current Knowledge and Research Priorities in the Digestive Manifestations of COVID-19
        date: 2020-04-22
       words: 1609
      flesch: 29
     summary: Evidence for gastrointestinal infection of SARS-CoV-Gastroenterology Diarrhea during COVID-19 infection: pathogenesis, epidemiology, prevention and management Digestive Symptoms in COVID-19 Patients with Mild Disease Severity: Clinical Presentation, Stool Viral RNA Testing, and Outcomes Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with digestive symptoms in Hubei, China: a descriptive, cross-sectional Prolonged presence of SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA in faecal samples Liver injury in COVID-19: management and challenges Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome Pancreatic injury patterns in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia Considerations in performing endoscopy during the COVID-19 pandemic On behalf of the AGA, AGA Institute Rapid Recommendations for Gastrointestinal Procedures During the COVID-19 Pandemic Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China Microbiota-driven tonic interferon signals in lung stromal cells protect from influenza virus infection Virus detected in stool 50-55% 1,3,5 Importantly, studies suggest that a fraction of COVID-19 patients experience digestive manifestations in the absence of respiratory symptoms or fever -representing a potential source of exposure for unsuspecting health care workers.
    keywords: covid-19; endoscopy; patients; sars; symptoms
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        item: #808 of 5187
          id: cord-265164-ybh5yljw
      author: Zhao, Bin
       title: Numerical study of the transport of droplets or particles generated by respiratory system indoors
        date: 2004-11-24
       words: 2614
      flesch: 52
     summary: The main assumptions used for the simulation of particle transport include: (1) The airflow is isothermal. It is seen that the large outlet velocity will maintain a much longer distance of particle transport due to the large momentum.
    keywords: air; coughing; droplets; particles; sneezing; transport
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        item: #809 of 5187
          id: cord-265170-yv04ijsm
      author: Ceccarelli, Giancarlo
       title: Probiotics and COVID-19
        date: 2020-07-13
       words: 1128
      flesch: 30
     summary: As the world waits in semi-lockdown mode, continued scientific progress for COVID-19 prevention or treatment is highly important, and probiotics represent one option. Importantly, gut microbiome configuration was associated with COVID-19 disease severity, and altered gut microbiota persisted even after clearance of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), suggesting that the virus might inflict prolonged harm to human microbiome homoeostasis.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; probiotics; sars
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        item: #810 of 5187
          id: cord-265191-unk6rt7u
      author: Durrani, Muhammad
       title: Acute Transverse Myelitis Secondary to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): A Case Report
        date: 2020-06-22
       words: 1823
      flesch: 34
     summary: CASE REPORT: While there are currently no published reports on post-infectious ATM secondary to SARS-CoV-2, there is one report of parainfectious ATM attributed to SARS-CoV-2 in pre-print. Here, we present a case of infectious ATM attributed to SARS-CoV-2 in a 24-year-old male who presented with bilateral lower-extremity weakness and overflow urinary incontinence after confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection.
    keywords: atm; cov-2; myelitis; sars; transverse
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        item: #811 of 5187
          id: cord-265221-qtkwciym
      author: Bahadur, Gulam
       title: SARS-CoV-2: diagnostic and design conundrums, and the male factor infertility
        date: 2020-06-03
       words: 3268
      flesch: 39
     summary: There is also a report relating to SARS infection and orchitis (Xu et al. 2006) . A complication of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) COVID-19: should we continue to cryopreserve sperm during the pandemic? Molecular and serological investigation of 2019-nCoV infected patients: implication of multiple shedding routes
    keywords: cov-2; infection; patients; pcr; sars; semen; virus
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        item: #812 of 5187
          id: cord-265228-afbkp3wm
      author: Fomsgaard, Anna S.
       title: An alternative workflow for molecular detection of SARS-CoV-2 – escape from the NA extraction kit-shortage, Copenhagen, Denmark, March 2020
        date: 2020-04-09
       words: 1802
      flesch: 43
     summary: In contrast, the RealStar SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR reaction was notably inhibited by the addition of oropharyngeal swab samples without NA extraction (heat-treated or no treatment) indicating that not all RT-PCR kits are compatible with the simplified heat-processing method (data not shown). The simplified approaches showed a lower sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy, when compared with QIAcube Connect purified samples, than to MagNA Pure purified samples.
    keywords: cov-2; qpcr; sars
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        item: #813 of 5187
          id: cord-265233-v5sq5epy
      author: Cassorla, Lydia
       title: Decontamination and Reuse of N95 Filtering Facepiece Respirators: Where Do We Stand?
        date: 2020-10-15
       words: 6260
      flesch: 41
     summary: 39 Science to guide N95 FFR decontamination is scarce due to longstanding government and manufacturer recommendations for disposal following single use. Steris (Mentor, OH) developed a customized autoclave cycle for N95 FFR decontamination that limits heat to 65 ± 5 °C × 30 minutes at 50%-80% RH held at 533 mm Hg pressure.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; cycles; decontamination; ffr; fit; function; heat; methods; n95; pandemic; respirators; reuse; sars
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        item: #814 of 5187
          id: cord-265242-y8t37p0b
      author: Cui, Wei
       title: Expression of Lymphocytes and Lymphocyte Subsets in Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
        date: 2003-09-15
       words: 1785
      flesch: 59
     summary: Among the T cell subsets, CD4 + T cell counts were found to have decreased in all patients; the lowest value was cells/L. Therefore, CD8 + T cell counts should be sharply increased in patients with SARS.
    keywords: cells; count; lymphocyte; patients; sars
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        item: #815 of 5187
          id: cord-265260-n6wm54wz
      author: Cuong, Hoang Quoc
       title: Comparison of Primer-Probe Sets among Different Master Mixes for Laboratory Screening of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
        date: 2020-09-25
       words: 2076
      flesch: 49
     summary: World Health Organization Feasibility of Controlling COVID-19 Outbreaks by Isolation of Cases and Contacts Risk-adapted treatment strategy for COVID-19 patients Evaluation of WHO listed COVID-19 qPCR primers and probe in silico with 375 SERS-CoV-2 full genome sequences, medRxiv Comparative performance of SARS-CoV-2 detection assays using seven different primer/probe sets and one assay kit Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome A one step quantitative RT-PCR for detection of SARS coronavirus with an internal control for PCR inhibitors Detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real-time RT-PCR Clinical features, isolation, and complete genome sequence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 from the first two patients in Vietnam Development of standardized specimens with known concentrations for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Realtime-RT-PCR testing validation Amplification efficiency: linking baseline and bias in the analysis of quantitative PCR data Comparative Analysis of Primer-Probe Sets for the Laboratory Confirmation of SARS-CoV-2 Analytical sensitivity and efficiency comparisons of SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR primer-probe sets Comparative Performance of SARS-CoV-2 Detection Assays Using Seven Different Primer/Probe Sets and One Assay Kit, medRxiv Analytical comparisons of SARS-COV-2 detection by qRT-PCR and ddPCR with multiple primer/probe sets The effect of primer-template mismatches on the detection and quantification of nucleic acids using the 5′ nuclease assay We would like to thank colleagues at Pasteur Institute, Ho Chi Minh City for supporting the study. On the other hand, RT-qPCR assays targeting SARS-CoV-2 depended on the high similarity of SARS-CoV-2 to SARS-CoV as cross-react occurred.
    keywords: cov-2; primer; sars; sets
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        item: #816 of 5187
          id: cord-265262-r01u4jr6
      author: Cannarella, Rossella
       title: Systemic effects of the hormonal treatment of male hypogonadism with preliminary indications for the management of COVID-19 patients
        date: 2020-10-13
       words: 8743
      flesch: 42
     summary: Its diagnosis is established when specific symptoms and signs of hypogonadism combine with low T levels. 7 Based on the Systemic effects of the hormonal treatment of male hypogonadism with preliminary indications for the management of COVID-19 patients hypogonadal-obesity-adipocytokine hypothesis, central obesity (often related to MetS and T2DM) associates with lower T levels due to the aromatization into estrogens occurring in adipocytes.
    keywords: cardiovascular; disease; hypogonadism; increase; levels; low; men; patients; pca; prostate; risk; studies; study; testosterone; therapy; trt
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        item: #817 of 5187
          id: cord-265277-ymvrserl
      author: Crooke, Stephen N.
       title: Immunoinformatic identification of B cell and T cell epitopes in the SARS-CoV-2 proteome
        date: 2020-05-14
       words: 4637
      flesch: 38
     summary: Prior immunization with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-434 associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) nucleocapsid protein causes severe pneumonia in mice 435 infected with SARS-CoV Characterization of the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of 2019 novel 537 coronavirus: implication for development of RBD protein as a viral attachment inhibitor and 538 vaccine Quantitative comparison of the efficiency of antibodies against S1 and S2 540 subunit of SARS coronavirus spike protein in virus neutralization and blocking of receptor 541 binding: implications for the functional roles of S2 subunit Neutralizing epitopes of the SARS-CoV S-protein cluster independent of 543 repertoire, antigen structure or mAb technology Identification and characterization of novel neutralizing epitopes in the 545 receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV spike protein: revealing the critical antigenic 546 determinants in inactivated SARS-CoV vaccine Discovery of 548 naturally processed and HLA-presented class I peptides from vaccinia virus infection using mass 549 spectrometry for vaccine development Development of Autologous C5 Vaccine Nanoparticles to Reduce 551 Intravascular Hemolysis in Vivo Plug-and-Display: decoration of Virus-Like Particles via isopeptide 553 bonds for modular immunization A novel candidate HPV vaccine: MS2 phage VLP displaying a tandem HPV 555 L2 peptide offers similar protection in mice to Gardasil-9 Targeted 557 immunomodulation using antigen-conjugated nanoparticles Scoring function for automated assessment of protein structure 560 template quality GalaxyPepDock: a protein-peptide docking tool based 562 on interaction similarity and energy optimization World Health Organization (2020) Draft landscape of COVID-19 candidate vaccines Tortoises, hares, and vaccines: A cautionary note for SARS-CoV-2 vaccine 428 development Immunization with SARS coronavirus vaccines leads to pulmonary 430 immunopathology on challenge with the SARS virus Vaccine efficacy in senescent mice challenged with recombinant SARS-432 CoV bearing epidemic and zoonotic spike variants
    keywords: cell; class; cov-2; epitopes; hla; peptides; protein; sars; vaccine
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        item: #818 of 5187
          id: cord-265278-wf5pbvvt
      author: Fishman, Jay A.
       title: Case 29-2020: A 66-Year-Old Man with Fever and Shortness of Breath after Liver Transplantation
        date: 2020-09-17
       words: 5278
      flesch: 33
     summary: Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China Clinical findings in a group of patients infected with the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2) outside of Wuhan, China: retrospective case series A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China A novel coronavirus emerging in Chinakey questions for impact assessment Novel Coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) in the immunocompromised transplant recipient: #Flatten-ingthecurve Focus on Case Records of the Massachusetts Gener al Hospital COVID toes Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan COVID-19 in solid organ transplant recipients: a single-center case series from Spain Co-infections of SARS-CoV-2 with multiple common respiratory pathogens in infected patients Rates of co-infection between SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory pathogens The immunocompromised transplant recipient and SARS-CoV-2 infection Management of patients on dialysis and with kidney transplant during SARS-COV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic In Brescia SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor Expression of elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in SARS-CoV-infected ACE2+ cells in SARS patients: relation to the acute lung injury and pathogenesis of SARS COVID-19 in solid organ transplant recipients: initial report from the US epicenter Covid-19 and kidney transplantation Open-SAFELY: factors associated with COVID-19-related hospital death in the linked electronic health records of 17 million adult NHS patients COVID-19 in solid organ transplant recipients: dynamics of disease progression and inflammatory markers in ICU and non-ICU admitted patients Multiorgan and renal tropism of SARS-CoV-2 Early description of coronavirus 2019 disease in kidney transplant recipients in New York Human kidney is a target for novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection Complement associated microvascular injury and thrombosis in the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19 infection: a report of five cases Clinical significance of human coronavirus in bronchoalveolar lavage samples from hematopoietic cell transplant recipients and patients with hematologic malignancies Prolonged shedding of human coronavirus in hematopoietic cell transplant recipients: risk factors and viral genome evolution The epidemiology of severe acute respiratory syndrome in the 2003 Hong Kong epidemic: an analysis of all 1755 patients Viral shedding patterns of coronavirus in patients with probable severe acute respiratory syndrome Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in a liver transplant recipient and guidelines for donor SARS screening Emerging viral infections in transplant recipients MERS CoV infection in two renal transplant recipients: case report A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster Communityacquired respiratory viruses in transplant patients: diversity, impact, unmet clinical needs Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia SARS-CoV-2 viral load in upper respiratory specimens of infected patients Epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 emergence amidst community-acquired respiratory viruses Asymptomatic cases in a family cluster with SARS-CoV-2 infection Presymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections and transmission in a skilled nursing facility Diagnostic performance of CT and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction for coronavirus disease 2019: Research regarding the appropriate adjustment of exogenous immunosuppression for transplant patients, the timely start of antiviral therapies, and the deployment of antiinflammatory and immunomodulatory therapies in Covid-19 is in progress.
    keywords: acute; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; novel; organ; patients; recipients; renal; sars; transplant; transplantation
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        item: #819 of 5187
          id: cord-265322-3854ddb9
      author: Vavougios, George D.
       title: A data-driven hypothesis on the epigenetic dysregulation of host metabolism by SARS coronaviral infection: potential implications for the SARS-CoV-2 modus operandi
        date: 2020-04-23
       words: 1254
      flesch: 24
     summary: key: cord-265322-3854ddb9 authors: Vavougios, George D. title: A data-driven hypothesis on the epigenetic dysregulation of host metabolism by SARS coronaviral infection: potential implications for the SARS-CoV-2 modus operandi date: 2020-04-23 journal: Med Hypotheses DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109759 sha: doc_id: 265322 cord_uid: 3854ddb9 COVID-19, the disease caused by the novel SARS-CoV-2, a betacoronavirus structurally similar to SARS-CoV. Based on both structural and syndromic similarities with SARS-CoV, a hypothesis is formed on SARS-CoV-2 potential to affect the host’s metabolism as part of its lifecycle. Would a rose by another name smell as sweet? Receptor recognition by novel coronavirus from Wuhan: An analysis based on decade-long structural studies of SARS Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study Are patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus at increased risk for COVID-19 infection STRING v11: protein-protein association networks with increased coverage, supporting functional discovery in genome-wide experimental datasets Plasma glucose levels and diabetes are independent predictors for mortality and morbidity in patients with SARS Binding of SARS coronavirus to its receptor damages islets and causes acute diabetes Activation of the ACE2/angiotensin-(1-7)/Mas receptor axis enhances the reparative function of dysfunctional diabetic endothelial progenitors Host Lipids in Positive-Strand RNA Virus Genome Replication Dengue virus-induced autophagy regulates lipid metabolism Modulation of Lipid Droplet Metabolism-A Potential Target for Therapeutic Intervention in Infections Altered Lipid Metabolism in Recovered SARS Patients Twelve Years after Risk Factors Associated With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Death in Patients With Coronavirus Disease Epidemiological, clinical characteristics of cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection with abnormal imaging findings Prevalence of comorbidities in the novel Wuhan coronavirus (COVID-19) infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis Natural small molecules as inhibitors of coronavirus lipid-dependent attachment to host cells: a possible strategy for reducing SARS-COV-2 infectivity?
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; lipid; sars
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        item: #820 of 5187
          id: cord-265329-bsypo08l
      author: van Dorp, Lucy
       title: Emergence of genomic diversity and recurrent mutations in SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-05-05
       words: 4923
      flesch: 40
     summary: However, this lineage shares 96% identity with SARS-CoV-2, which is not sufficiently high to implicate it as the immediate ancestor of SARS-CoV-2 (2) . Betacoronaviridae comprise a large number of lineages that are found in a wide range of mammals and birds (2) , including the other human zoonotic pathogens SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-COV.
    keywords: cov-2; data; diversity; figure; genome; genomic; homoplasies; human; mutations; pandemic; sars; sites
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        item: #821 of 5187
          id: cord-265350-k9yus2sv
      author: Han, Guan-Zhu
       title: Pangolins Harbor SARS-CoV-2-Related Coronaviruses
        date: 2020-04-06
       words: 1232
      flesch: 54
     summary: If pangolins act as the intermediate host (spillover to humans once [scenario I] or multiple times [scenario II]), SARS-CoV should fall within the diversity of pangolin CoVs. If SARS-CoV-2-related viruses independently entered into humans and pangolins (scenario III), and pangolin CoVs are not the direct source of SARS-CoV-2, then SARS-CoV-2-related viruses in humans and pangolins should form distinct clusters that nest within the diversity of bat CoVs.
    keywords: cov-2; pangolins; sars
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        item: #822 of 5187
          id: cord-265353-xwpdq8wo
      author: Ramzy, Danny
       title: Commentary: Pneumatocele and Cysts in a Patient with SARS-CoV-2 Infection – Yet Another New Complication Associated with COVID.
        date: 2020-09-15
       words: 175
      flesch: -24
     summary: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID 19), is caused by the novel betacoronavirus Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is characterized by extreme virulence and a complex spectrum of pathologies ranging in severity from mild constitutional symptoms to multi-organ failure 3 A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China The outbreak of COVID-19: An overview COVID-19 Illness in Native and Immunosuppressed States: A Clinical-Therapeutic Staging Proposal Pneumatocele and cysts in a patient with SARS-CoV-2 infection Spontaneous tension pneumothorax and acute pulmonary emboli in a patient with COVID-19 infection COVID-19 Complicated by Spontaneous Pneumothorax key: cord-265353-xwpdq8wo authors: Ramzy, Danny title: Commentary: Pneumatocele and Cysts in a Patient with SARS-CoV-2 Infection – Yet Another New Complication Associated with COVID. date: 2020-09-15 journal: JTCVS Tech DOI: 10.1016/j.xjtc.2020.09.012 sha: doc_id: 265353 cord_uid: xwpdq8wo nan In December 2019, an outbreak of pneumonia traced to a wet market in Wuhan, China, proliferated into a global pandemic with seemingly exponential vehemence and in just eight months spread globally with over 800, 000 deaths 1,2 .
    keywords: covid-19
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        item: #823 of 5187
          id: cord-265366-vmuqbpkk
      author: Leibowitz, Jill
       title: Comparison of Clinical and Epidemiologic Characteristics of Young Febrile Infants with and without SARS-CoV-2 Infection
        date: 2020-10-09
       words: 2633
      flesch: 37
     summary: Febrile young infants with SARS-CoV-2 infection differ from other febrile infants in that they are younger, are more likely to be lethargic or exhibit feeding difficulties, have lower mean WBC, ANC, and ALC and have a higher likelihood of neutropenia and lymphopenia Despite performing SARS-CoV-2 testing on only 57% of the 2020 cohort of febrile infants due to limitations on availability of testing during this time, SARS-CoV-2 was detected in 38% of the entire cohort and 67% of those tested. f J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f .14 J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f .09 Mean WBC x 5 Defined as presence of any of the following: abnormal lung exam (crackles, rhonchi or wheeze), hypoxia, parenchymal infiltrate on chest X-ray 6 Defined as an ANC of < 1.0x10/ 9 L 7 Defined as an ALC of < 3.0x10/ 9 L J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan WHO Declares COVID-19 a Pandemic Novel Coronavirus in the United States Hospitalization rates and characteristics of children aged <18 years hospitalized with laboratoryconfirmed COVID-19 -COVID-NET, 14 States SARS-CoV-2 Associated Deaths Among Persons Aged <21 Years -United States Epidemiology of COVID-19 among children in China MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Febrile infant: COVID-19 in addition to the usual suspects SARS-CoV-2 infection in infants less than 90 days old SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19) in febrile infants without respiratory distress Fever without a source in a young infant due to SARS-CoV-2 Novel coronavirus infection in febrile infants aged 60 days and younger A case series of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) in 3 febrile infants in New York Early experience of COVID-19 in a US children' hospital Research electronic data capture (REDCap)-A metadata-driven methodology and workflow process for providing translational research informatics support Screening for severe combined immunodeficiency in neonates Lanzkowsky's Manual of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology 6 th ed The changing epidemiology of serious bacterial infections in young infants A clinical prediction rule to identify febrile infants 60 days and younger at low risk for serious bacterial infections Comparison of clinical features of COVID-19 vs seasonal influenza A and B in US children Infant with SARS-CoV-2 infection causing severe lung disease treated with remdesivir A 55 day old female infant infected with COVID 19: presenting with pneumonia, liver injury and heart damage SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Febrile Neonates Disparities in Incidence of COVID-19 Among Underrepresented Racial/Ethnic Groups in Counties Identified as Hotspots During Hospitalization and mortality among black patients and white patients with Covid-19 Universal screening for SARS-CoV-2 in women admitted for delivery Neonates Hospitalized with Community-Acquired SARS-CoV-2 in a Colorado Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Epidemiology, clinical features, and disease severity in patients with coronavirus disease Children's Hospital in New York City Risk of bacterial coinfections in febrile infants 60 days old and younger with documented viral infections
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; days; infants; infection; sars
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        item: #824 of 5187
          id: cord-265418-yqe9vdj1
      author: Kumar, Nilesh
       title: Integrative Network Biology Framework Elucidates Molecular Mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 Pathogenesis
        date: 2020-04-11
       words: 5303
      flesch: 47
     summary: It is also important to note that PHB is also targeted by viral proteins of SARS-CoV 34 . Human-viral interactome landscapes of several viruses have previously shown that viral proteins interact with nodes corresponding to high degree (hubs) and high betweenness (bottlenecks), and such structural features have been previously used to predict viral targets 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28 .
    keywords: cov-2; csps; fig; human; network; proteins; sars; viral
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        item: #825 of 5187
          id: cord-265473-ju81kiyw
      author: Balmeh, Negar
       title: Predicted therapeutic targets for COVID-19 disease by inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 and its related receptors
        date: 2020-08-07
       words: 2857
      flesch: 38
     summary: The results of molecular docking to compare the binding energy between the available blocking drugs and the herbal compounds investigated from the present study presented that the affinity of herbal compounds to bind to the ACE2, TMPRSS2, GRP78, and ACE2 receptors were higher. Repurposing therapeutics for COVID-19: supercomputer-based docking to the SARS-CoV-2 viral spike protein and viral spike protein-human ACE2 interface Review of Evidence Available on Hesperidin-Rich Products as Potential Tools against COVID-19 and Hydrodynamic Cavitation-Based Extraction as a Method of Increasing Their Production Analysis of therapeutic targets for SARS-CoV-2 and discovery of potential drugs by computational methods Berbamine inhibits the infection of SARS-CoV-2 and aviviruses by compromising TPRMLs-mediated endolysosomal tra cking of viral receptors Structure-based drug designing towards the identification of potential anti-viral for COVID-19 by targeting endoribonuclease NSP15 Identification and classification of differentially expressed genes reveals potential molecular signatures associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in lung adenocarcinoma cells Antiviral potential of ERK/MAPK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling modulation for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection as identified by temporal kinome analysis Diabetes in COVID-19: Prevalence, pathophysiology, prognosis and practical considerations Cell surface expression of 78-kDa glucoseregulated protein (GRP78) mediates diabetic nephropathy
    keywords: ace2; cov-2; grp78; hsa; mir-1307; receptors; sars
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        item: #826 of 5187
          id: cord-265529-0n9xxa9h
      author: John Hann, Angus
       title: Controversies regarding shielding and susceptibility to COVID‐19 disease in liver transplant recipients in the United Kingdom
        date: 2020-06-17
       words: 775
      flesch: 35
     summary: We suggest that liver transplant recipients are at high risk for severe SARS-CoV-2 infection and should continue to undergo strict isolation until the pandemic has passed, or robust evidence proves a lack of risk. In essence, completely isolate to minimise the risk of being exposed to SARS-CoV-2. essence, completely isolate to minimize the risk of being exposed to SARS-CoV-2. Age, male gender, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, and lung or kidney disease have been established as risk factors for severe SARS-CoV-2 infection; [3] [4] [5] however, immunosuppression is debated as a risk factor.
    keywords: cov-2; risk; sars
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        item: #827 of 5187
          id: cord-265595-55s19mr1
      author: Brug, Johannes
       title: Risk Perceptions and Behaviour: Towards Pandemic Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases: International Research on Risk Perception in the Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases
        date: 2009-01-06
       words: 2319
      flesch: 42
     summary: [3] in their study during the SARS outbreak found that despite the fact that both Finland and the Netherlands were unaffected by the outbreak the Finns were more likely to be knowledgeable and worried about SARS as well as to have low perceived comparative SARS risk and poor personal efficacy beliefs to prevent SARS. Risk perception and risk communication were themes in two out of nine work packages of the SARSControl project.
    keywords: disease; outbreak; perceptions; risk; sars
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        item: #828 of 5187
          id: cord-265598-4h3wx81q
      author: Hasan, Abdulkarim
       title: Histopathology Laboratory Paperwork as a Potential Risk of COVID-19 Transmission among the Lab Personnel
        date: 2020-08-06
       words: 2230
      flesch: 42
     summary: We found that 80% of paper request forms reach the laboratory from other departments within 24hours, during this time the virus may remain viable. A Retrospective Cohort Study in a Designated Hospital of Wuhan in China Aerosol and Surface Distribution of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in Hospital Wards The impact of automating laboratory request forms on the quality of healthcare services Aerosol and Surface Stability of SARS-CoV-2 as Compared with SARS-CoV-1 Stability of SARS coronavirus in human specimens and environment and its sensitivity to heating and UV irradiation Survival of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster
    keywords: covid-19; forms; laboratory; paper; risk; sars
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        item: #829 of 5187
          id: cord-265599-903w782b
      author: Woods, R.
       title: Accuracy of Healthcare Professionals Nasopharyngeal Swab Technique in SARS-CoV-2 Specimen Collection
        date: 2020-10-21
       words: 2256
      flesch: 47
     summary: Methods: A prospective study of nasopharyngeal swab technique by staff in an academic tertiary referral centre was carried out. Nasopharyngeal swab technique was evaluated by a novel design of a navigated swab on a three-dimensional model head.
    keywords: copyright; medrxiv; october; preprint; swab
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        item: #830 of 5187
          id: cord-265617-e91s6xo8
      author: Jouali, Farah
       title: SARS-CoV-2 Genome Sequence from Morocco, Obtained Using Ion AmpliSeq Technology
        date: 2020-07-30
       words: 934
      flesch: 48
     summary: key: cord-265617-e91s6xo8 authors: Jouali, Farah; Marchoudi, Nabila; El Ansari, Fatima Zahra; Kasmi, Yassine; Chenaoui, Mohamed; El Aliani, Aissam; Azami, Nawfel; Loukman, Salma; Ennaji, Moulay Mustapha; Benhida, Rachid; Fekkak, Jamal title: SARS-CoV-2 Genome Sequence from Morocco, Obtained Using Ion AmpliSeq Technology date: 2020-07-30 journal: Microbiol Resour Announc DOI: 10.1128/mra.00690-20 sha: doc_id: 265617 cord_uid: e91s6xo8 This study describes a genome sequence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) sampled from a male patient with SARS-CoV-2 who was likely infected in Casablanca, Morocco. I n December 2019, a cluster of patients with severe acute respiratory symptoms was identified in Wuhan, China. A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China COVID-19 infection: origin, transmission, and characteristics of human coronaviruses Immune responses in COVID-19 and potential vaccines: lessons learned from SARS and MERS epidemic
    keywords: genome; ion; sars; sequence
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        item: #831 of 5187
          id: cord-265682-yac7kzaf
      author: Eden, John-Sebastian
       title: An emergent clade of SARS-CoV-2 linked to returned travellers from Iran
        date: 2020-04-10
       words: 1849
      flesch: 40
     summary: This study highlights potential viral diversity driving the epidemic in Iran, and underscores the power of rapid genome sequencing and public data sharing to improve the detection and management of emerging infectious diseases. We would finally like to thank all the authors who have kindly shared genome data on GISAID, and we have included a table (Supplementary Table S2 ) outlining the authors and institutes involved.
    keywords: cov-2; data; iran; new; sars
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        item: #832 of 5187
          id: cord-265697-bbvlowyo
      author: Sang, Eric R.
       title: Integrate structural analysis, isoform diversity, and interferon-inductive propensity of ACE2 to predict SARS-CoV2 susceptibility in vertebrates
        date: 2020-08-31
       words: 7326
      flesch: 37
     summary: Our current results demonstrate several previously unstudied immunogenetic properties of animal ACE2 genes and imply some domestic animals, including dogs, pigs and cattle/goats, may obtain some immunogenetic diversity to confront SARS-CoV2 infection and face a less Figure 6 . Data show that animal ACE2 gene promoters are evolutionally different in containing IFN-or virus-stimulated response elements (ISRE, PRDI, IFRs, and/or STAT1/3 factors) and cis-elements responsive to proinflammatory mediators.
    keywords: ace2; animal; binding; cov2; figure; genes; human; ifn; isoforms; rbd; sars; species; susceptibility
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        item: #833 of 5187
          id: cord-265723-6k8196p2
      author: Yu, Chengjun
       title: Evaluation of safety, efficacy, tolerability, and treatment-related outcomes of type I interferons for Human coronaviruses (HCoVs) infection in clinical practice: An updated critical systematic review and meta-analysis
        date: 2020-06-25
       words: 2628
      flesch: 33
     summary: The study designs, treatment strategies, and outcomes of included studies for evaluation of safety, efficacy, tolerability, and treatment-related outcomes of interferon for coronavirus infection in clinical practice The severe acute respiratory syndrome Screening for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in hospital patients and their healthcare worker and family contacts: a prospective descriptive study. Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the Clinical outcomes of current medical approaches for Middle East respiratory syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China Ribavirin and interferon alfa-2a for severe Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection: a retrospective cohort study Clinical features and viral diagnosis of two cases of infection with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus: a report of nosocomial transmission Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in children Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection A hospital outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Guangzhou Inhibition of SARS coronavirus infection in vitro with clinically approved antiviral drugs Ribavirin and interferon-beta synergistically inhibit SARSassociated coronavirus replication in animal and human cell lines Inhibition of novel β coronavirus replication by a combination of interferon-α2b and ribavirin MERS-coronavirus replication induces severe in vitro cytopathology and is strongly inhibited by cyclosporin A or interferon-α treatment Treatment with interferon-α2b and ribavirin improves outcome in None.
    keywords: coronavirus; ifn; patients; studies; study; treatment; type
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        item: #834 of 5187
          id: cord-265724-fdt00qw1
      author: Varadarajan, Saranya
       title: EMMPRIN/BASIGIN as a biological modulator of oral cancer and COVID-19 interaction: novel propositions
        date: 2020-07-09
       words: 1766
      flesch: 31
     summary: Perspective on comorbidity Perspective on oral exfoliative cytology and COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 invades host cells via a novel route: CD147-spike protein Structural basis for the recognition of SARS-CoV-2 by full-length human ACE2 Emmprin (basigin/CD147): matrix metalloproteinase modulator and multifunctional cell recognition molecule that plays a critical role in cancer progression CD147/EMMPRIN overexpression and prognosis in cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis Prognostic Indications of Elevated MCT4 and CD147 across Cancer Types: A Meta-Analysis RNA interference targeting CD147 inhibits the proliferation, invasiveness, and metastatic activity of thyroid carcinoma cells by downregulating glycolysis Reprogramming energy metabolism and inducing angiogenesis: co-expression of monocarboxylate transporters with VEGF family members in cervical adenocarcinomas CD147 required for corneal endothelial lactate transport Association of increased ligand cyclophilin A and receptor CD147 with hypoxia, angiogenesis, metastasis and prognosis of tongue squamous cell carcinoma Increased EMMPRIN (CD 147) expression during oral carcinogenesis EMMPRIN expression in oral squamous cell carcinomas: correlation with tumor proliferation and patient survival Biological behavior of oral squamous cell carcinoma in the background of novel corona virus infection Prevalence of oral potentially malignant disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis Structure of the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain bound to the ACE2 receptor Resveratrol inhibits macrophage expression of EMMPRIN by activating PPARgamma Figure caption: Figure 1: Proposed role of EMMPRIN/BASIGIN as a biological modulator of oral cancer and SARS-CoV-2 interaction Moreover, differential expression of ACE-2 expression in various pathologies prompt researcher to draw many speculative conclusion in pathologies such as oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF), periodontitis, etc.
    keywords: cell; cov-2; covid-19; emmprin; sars
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        item: #835 of 5187
          id: cord-265740-wjdeps3h
      author: Radbel, Jared
       title: Detection of SARS-CoV-2 is comparable in clinical samples preserved in saline or viral transport media
        date: 2020-05-13
       words: 2253
      flesch: 43
     summary: key: cord-265740-wjdeps3h authors: Radbel, Jared; Jagpal, Sugeet; Roy, Jason; Brooks, Andrew; Tischfield, Jay; Sheldon, Michael; Bixby, Christian; Witt, Dana; Gennaro, Maria Laura; Horton, Daniel B.; Barrett, Emily S.; Carson, Jeffrey L.; Panettieri, Reynold A.; Blaser, Martin J. title: Detection of SARS-CoV-2 is comparable in clinical samples preserved in saline or viral transport media date: 2020-05-13 journal: J Mol Diagn DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2020.04.209 sha: doc_id: 265740 cord_uid: wjdeps3h As the COVID-19 pandemic sweeps across the world, the availability of viral transport media (VTM) has become severely limited, contributing to delays in diagnosis and rationing of diagnostic testing. SARS-CoV-2 detection using standard testing of upper airway secretions requires a nasopharyngeal (NP) or oropharyngeal (OP) swab that is transported to a clinical laboratory using viral transport media (VTM) (https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/emergency-situations-medical-devices/faqs-diagnostic-testingsars-cov-2#offeringtests, last accessed April 29 2020).
    keywords: cov-2; pbs; samples; sars; transport; vtm
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        item: #836 of 5187
          id: cord-265813-2onv9mvl
      author: Criado, Paulo Ricardo
       title: Are the cutaneous manifestations during or due to SARS-CoV-2 infection/COVID-19 frequent or not? Revision of possible pathophysiologic mechanisms
        date: 2020-06-02
       words: 5154
      flesch: 33
     summary: Probably due to lack of adequate personal protective equipment (PPE) for frontline health care workers, including respirators, face shields, gloves, ocular glasses, gowns, and hand sanitizers, dermatologists have not adequately registered the cutaneous findings in COVID-19 patients [18] . Other possibilities in developing ischemic/coagulopathy lesions as livedo racemosa, retiform purpura, and acroischemia in COVID-19 patients, besides activation of coagulation system [11] due to viral load, it is the presence in some subjects in selected populations with a background of thrombophilia factors.
    keywords: ace2; cell; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; human; infection; manifestations; patients; protein; sars; skin; syndrome; tmprss2
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        item: #837 of 5187
          id: cord-265855-zf52vl11
      author: Mayor-Ibarguren, Ander
       title: A Hypothesis for the Possible Role of Zinc in the Immunological Pathways Related to COVID-19 Infection
        date: 2020-07-10
       words: 5330
      flesch: 38
     summary: However, although plasma zinc concentration moderately correlates to habitual intake, the test also has limited specificity because zinc levels are depressed during inflammatory disease states or pregnancy and increase with acute catabolic states (42) . In severe infectious diseases, CRP levels can reach 100-200 mg/L, with a much greater decrease in zinc levels (40-60%) (43) .
    keywords: activation; covid-19; deficiency; disease; il-6; infection; levels; plasma; protein; response; rna; sars; treatment; zinc
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        item: #838 of 5187
          id: cord-265877-dund6unq
      author: Yang, Q.
       title: Incidence and risk factors of kidney impairment on patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis
        date: 2020-06-03
       words: 3764
      flesch: 44
     summary: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.28.20116400 doi: medRxiv preprint COVID-19 patients. Secondly, we found that the high statistic heterogeneity in the prevalence of kidney injury analysis.
    keywords: covid-19; kidney; license; medrxiv; patients; preprint; sars; version
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        item: #839 of 5187
          id: cord-265887-g5zhoyo9
      author: Mukherjee, Shruti
       title: Host-membrane interacting interface of the SARS coronavirus envelope protein: Immense functional potential of C-terminal domain
        date: 2020-08-11
       words: 9093
      flesch: 30
     summary: Analysis of constructed E gene mutants of mouse hepatitis virus confirms a pivotal role for E protein in coronavirus assembly Coronavirus pseudoparticles formed with recombinant M and E proteins induce alpha interferon synthesis by leukocytes Membrane Lipid Composition: Effect on Membrane and Organelle Structure, Function and Compartmentalization and Therapeutic Avenues Protein aggregation in a membrane environment Protein aggregation and membrane lipid modifications under lactic acid stress in wild type and OPI1 deleted Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains Biological phase separation: cell biology meets biophysics Membrane lipids: where they are and how they behave SARS coronavirus E protein in phospholipid bilayers: an x-ray study Membrane topology and insertion of membrane proteins: search for topogenic signals Another triple-spanning envelope protein among intracellularly budding RNA viruses: the torovirus E protein Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding Identifying SARS-CoV-2 Coevolution in defining the functional specificity Predicting transmembrane protein topology with a hidden Markov model: application to complete genomes Improving the accuracy of transmembrane protein topology prediction using evolutionary information Advantages of combined transmembrane topology and signal peptide prediction--the Phobius web server Analysis of membrane and surface protein sequences with the hydrophobic moment plot Trends in substitution models of molecular evolution The rapid generation of mutation data matrices from protein sequences MEGA X: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis across Computing Platforms Membrane topology of coronavirus E protein Characterization of the coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus strain A59 small membrane protein E Two deletion variants of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus found in a patient with characteristic symptoms Coronavirus pathogenesis and the emerging pathogen severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Coronavirus virulence genes with main focus on SARS-CoV envelope gene Genome-wide analysis of protein-protein interactions and involvement of viral proteins in SARS-CoV replication Hexamethylene amiloride blocks E protein ion channels and inhibits coronavirus replication 2020. (44) The absence of a canonical cleaved signal sequence suggests equal likelihood for the protein to be a type II (with its C-terminal targeted to the ER lumen) or type III (with its N-terminal targeted to the ER lumen) membrane protein.
    keywords: cell; coronavirus; cov; cov e; e protein; envelope protein; function; golgi; host; ion; lipid; membrane; membrane protein; peptide; proteins; sars; sequence; studies; terminal
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        item: #840 of 5187
          id: cord-265899-skpkuzyu
      author: Pryzdial, Edward L. G.
       title: Antiviral anticoagulation
        date: 2020-07-06
       words: 5669
      flesch: 22
     summary: While numerous factors may contribute to a reduced platelet count in virus infection, 35 thrombocytopenia is usually attributed to enhanced thrombin production with consequent platelet activation and subsequent senescence. gC is a multifunctional contributor to virus infection known to participate in virus attachment to the cell through association with heparan sulfate proteoglycan and in the evasion of host defense by complement.
    keywords: cell; coagulation; covid-19; disease; envelope; factor; fxa; herpes; hsv1; infection; patients; sars; thrombin; tissue; virus
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        item: #841 of 5187
          id: cord-266016-555e3ndo
      author: Hildenwall, Helena
       title: Paediatric COVID‐19 admissions in a region with open schools during the two first months of the pandemic
        date: 2020-06-21
       words: 969
      flesch: 45
     summary: The strategy decision to shift schools to distance learning only for children aged 16 years and older was influenced by multiple factors, including the potential impact on school closures on the availability of the healthcare work force, the increasing evidence of mainly mild infections among children and the potential negative consequences of school closures for younger children. The strategy decision to shift schools to distance learning only for children aged 16 years and older was influenced by multiple factors, including the potential impact on school closures on the availability of the healthcare work force, the increasing evidence of mainly mild infections among children and the potential negative consequences of school closures for younger children.
    keywords: children; closures; school
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        item: #842 of 5187
          id: cord-266022-aco5kpaj
      author: Matusiak, Magdalena
       title: Expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry receptors in the respiratory tract of healthy individuals, smokers and asthmatics
        date: 2020-09-29
       words: 1843
      flesch: 35
     summary: Interestingly, we found that ACE2 expression tended to be downregulated in nasal epithelium, whereas TMPRSS2 was significantly upregulated in bronchi and central airways of asthmatics ( Fig. We next aimed to compare RNA expression of these receptors and cofactors to protein expression.
    keywords: ace2; cov-2; expression; protein; sars; smokers
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        item: #843 of 5187
          id: cord-266031-tlrsco40
      author: Haghani, Milad
       title: Covid-19 pandemic and the unprecedented mobilisation of scholarly efforts prompted by a health crisis: Scientometric comparisons across SARS, MERS and 2019-nCoV literature
        date: 2020-09-21
       words: 8002
      flesch: 43
     summary: Covid-19 studies seem to have been disseminated across a broader variety of journals and across a more diverse range of subject areas. Covid-19 studies also display the involvement of authors from a broader variety of countries compared to SARS and MERS.
    keywords: cluster; coronavirus; covid-19; items; journal; literature; mers; number; publications; research; sars; studies
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        item: #844 of 5187
          id: cord-266033-gbx48scp
      author: Xu, Yu-Huan
       title: Clinical and computed tomographic imaging features of novel coronavirus pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-02-25
       words: 3096
      flesch: 48
     summary: Mild patients (29 years) were significantly (P<0.03) younger than either common (44.5 years) or severe (54.7) and critically severe (65.7 years) patients, and common patients were also significantly (P<0.03) younger than severe and critically severe patients. Mild patients were significantly ( P < 0.03) younger than either common or severe and critically severe patients, and common patients were also significantly ( P < 0.03) younger than severe and critically severe patients.
    keywords: coronavirus; imaging; lesion; ncp; patients
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        item: #845 of 5187
          id: cord-266034-811lov8f
      author: Benameur, Karima
       title: Encephalopathy and Encephalitis Associated with Cerebrospinal Fluid Cytokine Alterations and Coronavirus Disease, Atlanta, Georgia, USA, 2020
        date: 2020-09-17
       words: 2456
      flesch: 35
     summary: When we compared historical and present control subjects who had normal cognition (no viral illness) (13), we found that patients with COVID-19 and neurologic symptoms had increased CSF levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IP-10, and TNF-α ( Figure 2 , panel C). We analyzed CSF inflammatory proteins (Milli-poreSigma, https://www.emdmillipore.com) by using a Luminex-200 platform and a modified manufacturer's protocol as described (9) .
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; csf; disease; igm; levels; patients; sars
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        item: #846 of 5187
          id: cord-266036-qhlo99l7
      author: Axell-House, Dierdre B.
       title: The Estimation of Diagnostic Accuracy of Tests for COVID-19: A Scoping Review
        date: 2020-08-31
       words: 5764
      flesch: 36
     summary: A review of methods Using a combination of reference tests to assess the accuracy of a new diagnostic test Value of composite reference standards in diagnostic research Diagnostic test evaluation methodology: A systematic review of methods employed to evaluate diagnostic tests in the absence of gold standard -An update Food and Drug Administration CfDaRH. However, our scoping review also uncovered imperfect methods for estimating diagnostic test performance in the absence of a gold standard and demonstrate that the accuracy of these tests should be interpreted with caution.
    keywords: cov-2; pcr; reference; rrt; sars; standard; studies; table; test
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        item: #847 of 5187
          id: cord-266052-rcuzi70u
      author: Liu, Lilong
       title: Pit latrines may be a potential risk in rural China and low-income countries when dealing with COVID-19
        date: 2020-10-29
       words: 5752
      flesch: 28
     summary: Given that the infectious SARS-CoV-2 was found to be secreted through the human urinary system (Sun et al., 2020) and intestinal tract (Wang et al., 2020d; Xiao et al., 2020b; Zhou et al., 2020a) , and SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in wastewater worldwide (Randazzo et al., 2020), many studies have suggested the possibility of wastewater transmission of COVID-19 disease (Adelodun et al., 2020; Arslan et al., 2020; Foladori et al., 2020) . In addition, recent studies showed that human angiotensin-converting enzyme II (ACE2), which had been proved to be a cell receptor for SARS- CoV-2 (Lu et al., 2020; Zhou et al., 2020b) , was highly expressed in glandular cells of human gastric, duodenal, and rectal epithelia, supporting the entry of SARS-CoV-2 into host cells (Xiao et al., 2020a) .
    keywords: china; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; et al; excreta; human; latrines; patients; pit; potential; sars; water
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        item: #848 of 5187
          id: cord-266090-f40v4039
      author: Gao, Wei
       title: New investigation of bats-hosts-reservoir-people coronavirus model and application to 2019-nCoV system
        date: 2020-08-03
       words: 2763
      flesch: 40
     summary: The New York Times China virus death toll rises to 41, more than 1,300 infected worldwide New approach for the model describing the deathly disease in pregnant women using Mittag-Leffler function Mathematical analysis and computational experiments for an epidemic system with nonlocal and nonsingular derivative Modeling the mechanics of viral kinetics under immune control during primary infection of HIV-1 with treatment in fractional order New numerical simulations for some real world problems with Atangana-Baleanu fractional derivative A mathematical model for simulating the phase-based transmissibility of a novel coronavirus Reproduction numbers and sub-threshold endemic equilibria for compartmental models of disease transmission Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia Mathematical analysis of dengue fever outbreak by novel fractional operators with field data Application of fractional calculus to epidemiology Modelling the spread of COVID-19 with new fractal-fractional operators: can the lockdown save mankind before vaccination? HIV and shifting epicenters for COVID-19, an alert for some countries A generalization of truncated M-fractional derivative and applications to fractional differential equations Complex surfaces to the fractional (2 + 1)-dimensional Boussinesq dynamical model with local M-derivative A review on harmonic wavelets and their fractional extension Local fractional homotopy perturbation method for solving non-homogeneous heat conduction equations in fractal domains Solitons and other solutions of (3 + 1)-dimensional space-time fractional modified KdV-Zakharov-Kuznetsov equation On the fractal geometry of DNA by the binary image analysis Application of local fractional series expansion method to solve Klein-Gordon equations on Cantor sets Fractional dynamics Complex solitons in the conformable (2 + 1)-dimensional Ablowitz-Kaup-Newell-Segur equation Approximate solutions of the time fractional Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation with conformable derivative. China coronavirus: three cities join Wuhan in quarantine lockdown as Beijing tries to contain deadly outbreak 2020 Strategies for mitigating an influenza pandemic Effectiveness of control measures during the SARS epidemic in Beijing: a comparison of the Rt curve and the epidemic curve School closure to reduce influenza transmission Potent binding of 2019 novel coronavirus spike protein by a SARS coronavirus-specific human monoclonal antibody The 2019-new coronavirus epidemic: evidence for virus evolution Preliminary identification of potential vaccine targets for the COVID-19 coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) based on SARS-CoV immunological studies Modeling the dynamics of novel coronavirus (2019-nCov) with fractional derivative Is the world ready for the coronavirus?
    keywords: coronavirus; fractional; model; ncov; people
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        item: #849 of 5187
          id: cord-266104-xqvwht7c
      author: Mu, Chenglin
       title: Potential compound from herbal food of rhizoma polygonati for treatment of COVID-19 analyzed by network pharmacology and molecular docking technology
        date: 2020-08-14
       words: 2151
      flesch: 40
     summary: Then finally 23 druggable targets of corresponding active ingredients of Rhizoma Polygonati was identified to be potential Rhizoma Polygonati targets in treatment of COVID-19 ( Figure 2 ). All data is presented here. Systems biological approach of molecular descriptors connectivity: optimal descriptors for oral bioavailability prediction SwissTargetPrediction: updated data and new features for efficient prediction of protein targets of small molecules Steroid research at Syntex: the pill and cortisone RCSB Protein Data Bank: Enabling biomedical research and drug discovery Systematic and integrative analysis of large gene lists using DAVID bioinformatics resources Diosgenin: Recent Highlights on Pharmacology and Analytical Methodology PubChem 2019 update: improved access to chemical data Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus Network Pharmacology in Research of Chinese Medicine Formula: Methodology, Application and Prospective Sterols.
    keywords: anti; covid-19; diosgenin; network; polygonati; rhizoma; targets; treatment
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        item: #850 of 5187
          id: cord-266113-3fp46sov
      author: Dashti‐Khavidaki, Simin
       title: Considerations for Statin Therapy in Patients with COVID‐19
        date: 2020-05-04
       words: 1357
      flesch: 31
     summary: SARS-CoV-2 is the third coronavirus outbreak during the current century after severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronaviruses.1 Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an immunopathologic event and main cause of death following COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 is the third coronavirus outbreak during the current century, after the outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronaviruses.
    keywords: acute; covid-19; patients; sars
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        item: #851 of 5187
          id: cord-266135-jbc9nml0
      author: Princiotta Cariddi, Lucia
       title: Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) in a COVID-19 patient
        date: 2020-06-24
       words: 1145
      flesch: 36
     summary: This is the second report of hemorrhagic PRES in COVID-19, and these other two patients were very similar to ours. A reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in infection, sepsis, and shock Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) and infection: a systematic review of the literature Posterior reversible encephalopathy in the intensive care unit Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome and reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome: clinical and radiological considerations Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: clinical and radiological manifestations, pathophysiology, and outstanding questions Hemorrhagic posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome as a manifestation of COVID-19 infection Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and cardiovascular disease: a viewpoint on the potential influence of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/ angiotensin receptor blockers on onset and severity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection Hypertension, thrombosis, kidney failure, and diabetes: is COVID-19 an endothelial disease?
    keywords: cov-2; pres; sars; syndrome
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        item: #852 of 5187
          id: cord-266150-wox7pnkr
      author: Torres, Juan Pablo
       title: SARS-CoV-2 antibody prevalence in blood in a large school community subject to a Covid-19 outbreak: a cross-sectional study
        date: 2020-07-10
       words: 4206
      flesch: 46
     summary: The median percent of antibody positive students per classroom was 8.3% (IQR 1.6-14.3%). Certainly, school related outbreak studies from other settings and situations, especially after the first wave, are required to further increase our knowledge of transmission dynamics within M a n u s c r i p t 10 schools, in order to pinpoint recommendations which may end up being most effective.
    keywords: antibody; cases; children; covid-19; outbreak; positivity; school; staff; students; test
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        item: #853 of 5187
          id: cord-266156-xmf4emln
      author: Miller, Tyler E.
       title: Clinical sensitivity and interpretation of PCR and serological COVID‐19 diagnostics for patients presenting to the hospital
        date: 2020-08-28
       words: 4336
      flesch: 38
     summary: We modeled a linear daily regression trend after first positive PCR test, to estimate the time when PCR sensitivity reaches zero (foot-point analysis). Second, we also modeled how PCR sensitivity decreases over time after the first positive PCR test (Figures S3 and S5 ).
    keywords: cov-2; days; infection; onset; patients; pcr; sars; sensitivity; symptom; test
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        item: #854 of 5187
          id: cord-266168-hxu5u5op
      author: Grimaud, Emilie
       title: Delayed acute bronchiolitis in infants hospitalized for COVID‐19
        date: 2020-07-10
       words: 407
      flesch: 37
     summary: key: cord-266168-hxu5u5op authors: Grimaud, Emilie; Challiol, Marie; Guilbaud, Camille; Delestrain, Céline; Madhi, Fouad; Ngo, Julien; Epaud, Ralph; Nattes, Elodie title: Delayed acute bronchiolitis in infants hospitalized for COVID‐19 date: 2020-07-10 journal: Pediatr Pulmonol DOI: 10.1002/ppul.24946 sha: doc_id: 266168 cord_uid: hxu5u5op nan To the Editor, Because of the infant's history, a chest X-ray was performed and returned normal. These two cases of COVID-19 in infants hospitalized for poorly tolerated high fever and neurological symptoms in whom acute bronchiolitis developed following a delay of 2 to 8 days suggest that SARS-CoV-2 infection may cause acute bronchiolitis in the absence of a viral coinfection such as RSV.
    keywords: bronchiolitis; covid-19
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        item: #855 of 5187
          id: cord-266175-4jyltfus
      author: Brendish, Nathan J
       title: Clinical impact of molecular point-of-care testing for suspected COVID-19 in hospital (COV-19POC): a prospective, interventional, non-randomised, controlled study
        date: 2020-10-08
       words: 5487
      flesch: 39
     summary: In addition to testing symptomatic acute admissions to hospital, point-of-care testing could also be used for assessing elective hospital admissions, primary care patients, hospital staff, and care home staff and residents, as well as for airport screening, school screening, and even population-level screening. Initially, laboratory PCR testing used the PHE RdRp gene assay alone and subsequently used the PHE RdRp and E gene assays combined.
    keywords: care; care testing; cov-2; covid-19; group; patients; point; respiratory; sars; study; testing
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        item: #856 of 5187
          id: cord-266307-w56rii2p
      author: Acheampong, Desmond Omane
       title: Male Predisposition to Severe COVID-19: Review of Evidence and Potential Therapeutic Prospects
        date: 2020-09-09
       words: 8849
      flesch: 42
     summary: Cytokine storm is one of the pathophysiological features of severe COVID-19, and it occurs as a result of over-activation of immune cells leading to severe inflammation and tissue damage. Severe inflammation in males is reported to facilitate progression of mild to severe COVID-19.
    keywords: ace2; activity; androgen; angiotensin; cells; covid-19; estrogen; expression; females; immune; infection; levels; patients; sars; study; women
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        item: #857 of 5187
          id: cord-266308-fjpq1ljp
      author: Mondal, Priya
       title: Traditional medicinal plants against replication, maturation and transmission targets of SARS-CoV-2: computational investigation
        date: 2020-11-05
       words: 6901
      flesch: 41
     summary: The interactions of the standard drugs and medicinal plant bioactives were also similar towards hotspot residues of the ACE2 receptor as shown in Supporting Information Fig. Among them, His34, Glu35, Glu37, Asp38, Ala386, Ala387 and Arg393 show strong and stable interactions with medicinal plant bioactives (Supporting Information Fig.
    keywords: ace2; binding; bioactives; cov-2; drugs; et al; information; nelfinavir; plants; protein; receptor; sars; taraxerol
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        item: #858 of 5187
          id: cord-266313-b518n9dx
      author: Cao, Yu-chen
       title: Remdesivir for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 causing COVID-19: An evaluation of the evidence
        date: 2020-04-02
       words: 5557
      flesch: 45
     summary: bioRxiv; 2020 Plasma inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in severe acute respiratory syndrome MERS-CoV infection in humans is associated with a pro-inflammatory Th1 and Th17 cytokine profile Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome SARS-CoV-2 viral load in upper respiratory specimens of infected patients GS-5734) protects African green monkeys from Nipah virus challenge The antiviral compound remdesivir potently inhibits RNAdependent RNA polymerase from Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Comparative therapeutic efficacy of remdesivir and combination lopinavir, ritonavir, and interferon beta against MERS-CoV Prophylactic and therapeutic remdesivir (GS-5734) treatment in the rhesus macaque model of MERS-CoV infection Nucleotide prodrug GS-5734 is a broad-spectrum filovirus inhibitor that provides complete therapeutic protection against the development of Ebola virus disease (EVD) in infected non-human primates Summaries of evidence from selected experimental therapeutics A randomized, controlled trial of Ebola virus disease therapeutics The pathogenesis of Ebola virus disease Therapeutic efficacy of the small molecule GS-5734 against Ebola virus in rhesus monkeys Nucleosides for the treatment of respiratory RNA virus infections The first case of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia imported into Korea from Wuhan, China: implication for infection prevention and control measures COVID-19 control in China during mass population movements at New Year Remdesivir as a possible therapeutic option for the COVID-19 Efficacy and safety of the nucleoside analog GS-441524 for treatment of cats with naturally occurring feline infectious peritonitis Coronavirus susceptibility to the antiviral remdesivir (GS-5734) is mediated by the viral polymerase and the proofreading exoribonuclease Synthesis and antiviral activity of a series of 1'-substituted 4-aza-7,9-dideazaadenosine C-nucleosides Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease xxx The 53% fatality rate was not significantly different from the average 50% fatality rate of Ebola virus infection, and as a result, phase II clinical trials were stopped.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; drug; ebola; infection; patients; remdesivir; sars; treatment; trials; virus
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        item: #859 of 5187
          id: cord-266324-uvsmbrbf
      author: Zhang, Hu
       title: Clinical characteristics of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) patients with gastrointestinal symptoms: A report of 164 cases
        date: 2020-05-08
       words: 2338
      flesch: 43
     summary: In Wuhan, the proportion of COVID-19 patients who experience gastrointestinal symptoms is relatively high. Therefore, we determined that a retrospective analysis of cases might be useful for clinicians to identify the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with gastrointestinal symptoms.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; group; patients; sars; symptoms
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        item: #860 of 5187
          id: cord-266348-tbr2ynx0
      author: Stroemer, A.
       title: Diagnostic accuracy of six commercial SARS-CoV-2 IgG/total antibody assays and identification of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies in convalescent sera
        date: 2020-06-17
       words: 2896
      flesch: 54
     summary: key: cord-266348-tbr2ynx0 authors: Stroemer, A.; Grobe, O.; Rose, R.; Fickenscher, H.; Lorentz, T.; Krumbholz, A. title: Diagnostic accuracy of six commercial SARS-CoV-2 IgG/total antibody assays and identification of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies in convalescent sera date: 2020-06-17 journal: nan DOI: 10.1101/2020.06.15.20131672 sha: doc_id: 266348 cord_uid: tbr2ynx0 The reliable detection of immunoglobulin G (IgG) or total antibodies directed against the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is important for clinical diagnostics and epidemiological studies. However, three sera from 217 two COVID-19 patients, which were only recognized as IgG positive in the Abbott test, could not be 218 The specificities of SARS-CoV-2 IgG/total antibody tests are at a comparatively high level between 96.0 226 and 100.0%, as has also been reported by others [6,8,10].
    keywords: cov-2; igg; medrxiv; preprint; sars
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        item: #861 of 5187
          id: cord-266350-yybunc6z
      author: Sinha, Saurabh K.
       title: An in-silico evaluation of different Saikosaponins for their potency against SARS-CoV-2 using NSP15 and fusion spike glycoprotein as targets
        date: 2020-05-13
       words: 3202
      flesch: 34
     summary: Thus, both main protease and spike protein complexed with human ACE-2 receptor might be important targets for researchers to discover and develop vaccines and other therapeutic agents to control this new CoV. The interaction of ACE-2 and with spike protein with furin cleavage site resulting in the invasion of SARS-CoV-2 is also reported (Hasan et al. 2020) .
    keywords: binding; coronavirus; cov-2; protein; ring; saikosaponin; sars; spike
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        item: #862 of 5187
          id: cord-266444-rw94yls8
      author: Dominguez Andres, Ana
       title: SARS-CoV-2 ORF9c Is a Membrane-Associated Protein that Suppresses Antiviral Responses in Cells
        date: 2020-08-19
       words: 5655
      flesch: 34
     summary: Thus, to maximize the discovery of ORF9c dysregulated proteins, results from both technologies were combined. Together with the observations on cellular immune pathways, this association with 16 the UBP suggested that ORF9c induces changes in UBP components that alter the stability of cellular proteins implicated in cytokine signaling, antigen presentation, innate immunity, and the cell cycle.
    keywords: analysis; cells; changes; cov-2; data; fig; immune; mg132; orf9c; pathways; proteasome; proteins; sars; signaling; table
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        item: #863 of 5187
          id: cord-266450-g9vihgbk
      author: Tran, Michael
       title: SARS-CoV-2 and pulmonary embolism: who stole the platelets?
        date: 2020-09-03
       words: 1505
      flesch: 33
     summary: key: cord-266450-g9vihgbk authors: Tran, Michael; Sheth, Chirag; Bhandari, Rohan; Cameron, Scott J.; Hornacek, Deborah title: SARS-CoV-2 and pulmonary embolism: who stole the platelets? date: 2020-09-03 journal: Thromb J DOI: 10.1186/s12959-020-00229-8 sha: doc_id: 266450 cord_uid: g9vihgbk BACKGROUND: Patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 often develop venous and arterial thrombosis. CONCLUSIONS: Since excessive platelet activation and in situ thrombosis occur in HIT, this case underscores the need to consider that thrombocytopenia in patients with SARS-CoV-2—most of whom receive heparinoids—may be unrecognized HIT.
    keywords: heparin; hit; patient; platelet; thrombocytopenia
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        item: #864 of 5187
          id: cord-266480-u8o4eitu
      author: Colubri, Andrés
       title: Preventing outbreaks through interactive, experiential real-life simulations
        date: 2020-09-02
       words: 3169
      flesch: 41
     summary: This data reflects the spread of the virtual pathogen among the participants with a granularity that is nearly impossible to replicate in the real world--and it can be used like real outbreak data for epidemiological modeling and visualization. OO simulations at SMA.
    keywords: data; health; outbreak; pandemic; simulation; students; transmission
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        item: #865 of 5187
          id: cord-266511-g5h4tazp
      author: Deslandes, A
       title: SARS-COV-2 was already spreading in France in late December 2019
        date: 2020-05-03
       words: 1371
      flesch: 48
     summary: A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China Early Transmission Dynamics in Wuhan, China, of Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia WHO Director-General's opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19 -11 Situation update worldwide Clinical and virological data of the first cases of COVID-19 in Europe: a case series First cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in France: surveillance, investigations and control measures Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China Early Release -Co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza A Virus in Patient with Pneumonia Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: The Berlin Definition Detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real-time RT-PCR Radiological findings from 81 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Chest CT Features of COVID-19 in Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pneumonia with Hemoptysis as the Initial Symptom: CT and Clinical Features Estimating the asymptomatic proportion of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases on board the Diamond Princess cruise ship Estimation of COVID-19 outbreak size in Italy. After its onset in December 2019 in China, the new coronavirus (SARS-COV-2) spreads widely in several countries, causing COVID-19 illness.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; pcr; sars
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        item: #866 of 5187
          id: cord-266512-xh6zed03
      author: Scala, Enrico
       title: Atopic statusprotects from severe complications of COVID‐19
        date: 2020-08-16
       words: 1302
      flesch: 31
     summary: Atopic patients are genetically predisposed to mount Th2 type immune-mediated responses; theseresponsesdo not imply the expression of the main cytokines involved in the ARDS. Interestingly, the prevalence of atopic patients in our population (10.7%) appeared lower than that in the age-matched general population, although recent epidemiological data on allergy in Italy are missing.
    keywords: atopic; disease; infection; patients
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        item: #867 of 5187
          id: cord-266536-4frv2vb7
      author: Martel, Jan
       title: Could nitric oxide help to prevent or treat COVID-19?
        date: 2020-05-06
       words: 2070
      flesch: 37
     summary: An antiviral mechanism of nitric oxide: inhibition of a viral protease Inhibition of Japanese encephalitis virus infection by nitric oxide: antiviral effect of nitric oxide on RNA virus replication Inhibitory effect of nitric oxide on the replication of a murine retrovirus in vitro and in vivo Gamma interferon-induced, nitric oxide-mediated inhibition of vaccinia virus replication Inhibition of SARS-coronavirus infection in vitro by S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine, a nitric oxide donor compound Nitric oxide inhibits the replication cycle of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Dual effect of nitric oxide on SARS-CoV replication: viral RNA production and palmitoylation of the S protein are affected Nitric oxide is elicited and inhibits viral replication in pigs infected with porcine respiratory coronavirus but not porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Exhaled nitric oxide and vascular endothelial growth factor as predictors of cold symptoms after stress Inhaled nitric oxide therapy fails to improve outcome in experimental severe influenza Increased nitric oxide in exhaled air of normal human subjects with upper respiratory tract infections Increased exhaled nitric oxide in asthma is mainly derived from the lower respiratory tract Exhaled nitric oxide measurements: clinical application and interpretation Nitric oxide and virus infection Primarily nasal origin of exhaled nitric oxide and absence in Kartagener's syndrome Exhaled nitric oxide in paediatric asthma and cystic fibrosis Inhibition of viral replication by interferon-gamma-induced nitric oxide synthase Role of nitric oxide synthase type 2 in acute infection with murine cytomegalovirus Nitric oxide in exhaled air Role of exhaled nitric oxide in asthma Exhaled nitric oxide concentration is affected by age, height, and race in healthy 9-to 12-year-old children Nasal and oral contribution to inhaled and exhaled nitric oxide: a study in tracheotomized patients Rediscovering the importance of nasal breathing in sleep or, shut your mouth and save your sleep Mouth breathing: adverse effects on facial growth, health, academics, and behavior Effects of short term forced oral breathing in rat pups on weight gain, hydration and stress It takes a mouth to eat and a nose to breathe: abnormal oral respiration affects neonates' oral competence and systemic adaptation Older individuals have increased oro-nasal breathing during sleep Prevalence of upper respiratory tract infections in habitually snoring and mouth breathing children Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China Lessons learned from the 2019-nCoV epidemic on prevention of future infectious diseases Inhaled nitric oxide to improve oxygenation for safe critical care transport of adults with severe hypoxemia Inhalation of nitric oxide in the treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome: a rescue trial in Beijing Humming greatly increases nasal nitric oxide The nitrate-nitrite-nitric oxide pathway in physiology and therapeutics Metabolic effects of dietary nitrate in health and disease High nitric oxide production in human paranasal sinuses Nasal nitric oxide in man Nitric oxide and the paranasal sinuses Nitric oxide is a regulator of mucociliary activity in the upper respiratory tract Nitric oxide regulation of glycoconjugate secretion from feline and human airways in vitro Nitric oxide synthases: roles, tolls, and controls Role of epithelial nitric oxide in airway viral infection Evidence for antiviral effect of nitric oxide.
    keywords: breathing; covid-19; effects; nitric; oxide
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        item: #868 of 5187
          id: cord-266558-vd41u2t1
      author: Verdecchia, Paolo
       title: The pivotal link between ACE2 deficiency and SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-04-20
       words: 4695
      flesch: 39
     summary: The possibility that ACE inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) may be discontinued even temporarily, because these drugs appear to increase the expression of ACE2 receptors, the site of viral entry into the human organism, [72] [73] ACE2 receptors are ubiquitous and widely expressed in the heart, vessels, gut, lung (particularly in type 2 pneumocytes and macrophages), kidney, testis and brain.
    keywords: ace2; angiotensin; axis; cov-2; enzyme; lung; patients; receptor; sars
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        item: #869 of 5187
          id: cord-266564-imj1lcy9
      author: Liu, Yangli
       title: Clinical manifestations and outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy
        date: 2020-03-05
       words: 699
      flesch: 45
     summary: Efforts should be taken to reduce the infection rate of SARS-CoV-2 both in pregnant and perinatal period, and more intensive attention should be paid to pregnant patients. Clinical manifestations of the pregnant COVID-19 patients in this study varied widely from asymptomatic to very severe, similar to previous report in non-pregnant patients [4] .
    keywords: patients; sars
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        item: #870 of 5187
          id: cord-266616-boeb1xcp
      author: Liu, Yu
       title: Regulatory T cells: A potential weapon to combat COVID‐19?
        date: 2020-08-06
       words: 4173
      flesch: 41
     summary: Tregs resolve experimental lung injury in mice and are present in humans with acute lung injury Induced Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells: a potential new weapon to treat autoimmune and inflammatory diseases? Regulatory T-cell therapy in transplantation: moving to the clinic TGF-beta-induced regulatory T cells directly suppress B cell responses through a noncytotoxic mechanism Natural and induced CD4+CD25+ cells educate CD4 + CD25 − cells to develop suppressive activity: the role of IL-2, TGF-beta, and IL-10 CD4+ and CD8+ regulatory T cells generated ex vivo with IL-2 and TGF-beta suppress a stimulatory graft-versus-host disease with a lupus-like syndrome The role of Th17 and Treg responses in the pathogenesis of RSV infection Generation ex vivo of TGF-beta-producing regulatory T cells from CD4 + CD25 − precursors CD127 expression inversely correlates with FoxP3 and suppressive function of human CD4 + T reg cells Molecular control of regulatory T cell development and function Isolation of purified and live Foxp3 + regulatory T cells using FACS sorting on scatter plot Increased frequency of CD4 + CD25 high CD127 low T cells early after lung transplant is associated with improved graft survival CD4 + CD25 + CD127 low FoxP3 + regulatory T cells in Crohn's disease Decrease of CD4 + CD25 + CD127 low FoxP3 + regulatory T cells with impaired suppressive function in untreated ulcerative colitis patients Regulatory T cells and B cells: implication on autoimmune diseases IL-2 is essential for TGF-beta to convert naive CD4 + CD25 − cells to CD25 + Foxp3 + regulatory T cells and for expansion of these cells TGF-beta requires CTLA-4 early after T cell activation to induce FoxP3 and generate adaptive CD4 + CD25 + regulatory cells Cutting edge: foxp3 + CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cells induced by IL-2 and TGF-β are resistant to Th17 conversion by IL-6 Negligible effect of sodium chloride on the development and function of TGF-beta-induced CD4(+) Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells Induced T regulatory cells suppress osteoclastogenesis and bone erosion in collagen-induced arthritis better than natural T regulatory cells Promoting transplantation tolerance; adoptive regulatory T cell therapy Moving to tolerance: clinical application of T regulatory cells Adoptive T cell therapy for cancer in the clinic The host immune response in respiratory virus infection: balancing virus clearance and immunopathology Suppression of innate immune pathology by regulatory T cells during influenza A virus infection of immunodeficient mice Regulatory T cells: mechanisms of differentiation and function The composition and signaling of the IL-35 receptor are unconventional Lag-3, Tim-3, and TIGIT: co-inhibitory receptors with specialized functions in immune regulation Stimulation of CD25+ CD4+ regulatory T cells through GITR breaks immunological self-tolerance Reverse signaling through GITR ligand enables dexamethasone to activate IDO in allergy PD-1 tempers Tregs in chronic HCV infection The therapeutic potential of regulatory T cells for the treatment of autoimmune disease Characterization of protective human CD4CD25 FOXP3 regulatory T cells generated with IL-2, TGF-beta and retinoic acid Cutting edge: all-trans retinoic acid sustains the stability and function of natural regulatory T cells in an inflammatory milieu Critical role of all-trans retinoic acid in stabilizing human natural regulatory T cells under inflammatory conditions Transfer of regulatory T cells generated ex vivo modifies graft rejection through induction of tolerogenic CD4 + CD25 + cells in the recipient Specific suppression of human CD4 + key: cord-266616-boeb1xcp authors: Liu, Yu; Qi, Guangying; Bellanti, Joseph A.; Moser, René; Ryffel, Bernhard; Zheng, Song Guo title: Regulatory T cells: A potential weapon to combat COVID‐19? date: 2020-08-06 journal: MedComm (Beijing) DOI: 10.1002/mco2.12 sha: doc_id: 266616 cord_uid: boeb1xcp Since the end of December 2019, a novel coronavirus SARS‐CoV‐2 began to spread, an infection disease termed COVID‐19.
    keywords: cd25; cd4; cells; infection; patients; sars; tgf; treg
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        item: #871 of 5187
          id: cord-266648-962r0vm8
      author: Grossberg, Laurie B
       title: Review of Societal Recommendations Regarding Management of Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic
        date: 2020-07-03
       words: 3618
      flesch: 42
     summary: Coronavirus (COVID-19): what IBD patients should know About Crohn's & colitis: COVID-19 and IBD. Coronavirus (COVID-19) response Management of inflammatory bowel disease patients in the COVID-19 pandemic era: a Brazilian tertiary referral center guidance Joint GI society message on COVID-19 Aerosol and surface stability of SARS-CoV-2 as compared with SARS-CoV-1 Evidence for gastrointestinal infection of SARS-CoV-2 Prolonged presence of SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA in faecal samples Persistence and clearance of viral RNA in 2019 novel coronavirus disease rehabilitation patients Characteristics of pediatric SARS-CoV-2 infection and potential evidence for persistent fecal viral shedding Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in different types of clinical specimens Virological assessment of hospitalized patients with COVID-2019 European Crohn's and Colitis Organisation.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; disease; ibd; pandemic; patients; risk; sars
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        item: #872 of 5187
          id: cord-266695-ktbgm0p9
      author: Dawson, Liza
       title: SARS-CoV-2 Human Challenge Trials: Too Risky, Too Soon
        date: 2020-06-04
       words: 1454
      flesch: 40
     summary: There is no guarantee that any trial, or series of trials, will produce a viable vaccine: consider vaccine research for HIV or hepatitis C. There is also little precedent for FDA to license a vaccine primarily based on evidence from challenge studies (recent approval of a cholera vaccine is an exceptional case [8] ). Eyal et al. allude to other research involving risks of severe disease or death, including human challenge studies for other diseases.
    keywords: challenge; research; studies
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        item: #873 of 5187
          id: cord-266696-w9sb038q
      author: Zhou, Yi-Hua
       title: Is the Immune System Impaired in Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome?
        date: 2004-03-15
       words: 1307
      flesch: 49
     summary: [1] suggested that SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) might damage lymphocytes and concluded that the immune system was impaired during the course of SARS. [1] recently described pronounced lymphopenia and low counts of CD4 + cells, CD8 + cells, and B cells in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS).
    keywords: patients; sars; syndrome
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        item: #874 of 5187
          id: cord-266702-6oxtlzqo
      author: Cristelo, Cecília
       title: SARS-CoV-2 and Diabetes: New Challenges for the Disease
        date: 2020-05-22
       words: 4064
      flesch: 38
     summary: Taking advantage of ACE2, SARS-CoV-2 gains access to the cells, however it has been shown that soon after infection ACE2 expression is rapidly downregulated [8] . Whether this effect is caused by the virus, to prevent ACE2 protective effects [28] , or results from an indirect mechanism is not yet clear.
    keywords: ace2; angiotensin; coronavirus; covid-19; diabetes; infection; patients; receptor; risk; sars
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        item: #875 of 5187
          id: cord-266710-3wdy16tw
      author: Fintelman-Rodrigues, Natalia
       title: Atazanavir, Alone or in Combination with Ritonavir, Inhibits SARS-CoV-2 Replication and Proinflammatory Cytokine Production
        date: 2020-09-21
       words: 4855
      flesch: 48
     summary: We highlight ATV and ATV/RTV because our assay readout to quantify infectious virus particles reveals (i) a good profile of antiviral activity, (ii) higher potencies in respiratory cells, and (iii) the ability to reduce levels of proinflammation mediator in monocytes. ATV bound more spontaneously because of its hydrogen bonds with Mpro, whereas LPV depends on hydrophobic interactions (Fig. S2) .
    keywords: activity; atv; cells; cov-2; covid-19; fig; human; lpv; mpro; remdesivir; rtv; sars; virus
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        item: #876 of 5187
          id: cord-266738-8xx1xm2d
      author: None
       title: cord-266738-8xx1xm2d
        date: None
       words: 14692
      flesch: 44
     summary: Increasing reports on human PRV infection cases in China have recently indicated that PRV poses a significant threat to public health in China, especially in people in close contact with sick pigs and/or related pork products/contaminants. 3 , 8 Here we explored a simple data-driven, Boltzmann functionbased approach for estimation only based on the daily cumulative number of confirmed cases of SARS-CoV-2 (Note: the rational for Boltzmann function-based regression analysis is presented in supporting information (SI) file).
    keywords: 2019; cases; china; colistin; control; data; disease; gene; health; human; infection; isolates; laboratory; novel; number; outbreak; patients; pcr; pertussis; pjp; pneumoniae; prv; resistance; table; time; treatment
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        item: #877 of 5187
          id: cord-266755-y2lf7ssp
      author: Yehualashet, Awgichew Shewasinad
       title: ACEIs and ARBs and Their Correlation with COVID-19: A Review
        date: 2020-09-16
       words: 4176
      flesch: 37
     summary: As per Fang et al (2020), it was hypothesized that the use of ACE2 receptor increasing drugs is at higher risk for severe COVID-19 infection. ACEI initially inhibits ACE leading to decreased angiotensin I levels, causing a possible negative feedback loop that ultimately upregulates more ACE2 receptor to be able to interact with the decreased angiotensin I substrate available.
    keywords: ace2; aceis; angiotensin; arbs; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; infection; receptor; sars
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        item: #878 of 5187
          id: cord-266775-4npowkkz
      author: Xu, Jun
       title: Detection of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus in the Brain: Potential Role of the Chemokine Mig in Pathogenesis
        date: 2005-10-15
       words: 3454
      flesch: 42
     summary: This study provides direct evidence that SARS human coronavirus is capable of infecting the central nervous system, and that Mig might be involved in the brain immunopathology of SARS. [5] reported that a CSF sample obtained from a 32-year-old woman with SARS tested positive for SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) by RT-PCR, indicating that SARS-CoV might cause an infection in the CNS of patients with SARS.
    keywords: brain; coronavirus; cov; infection; mig; patient; protein; sars; tissue
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        item: #879 of 5187
          id: cord-266820-exl36jt3
      author: Rivera, Frida
       title: Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 asymptomatic infections in two large academic health systems in Wisconsin
        date: 2020-08-19
       words: 876
      flesch: 50
     summary: [2] Some studies suggest that asymptomatic infections could be responsible for amplifying the spread of the disease. [3] However, data regarding the prevalence of asymptomatic infections and their impact on transmission are still scarce.
    keywords: asymptomatic; cov-2
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        item: #880 of 5187
          id: cord-266866-z98x80zj
      author: Sohpal, Vipan Kumar
       title: Computational analysis of SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV genome using MEGA
        date: 2020-09-24
       words: 2031
      flesch: 45
     summary: The transition/transversions bias for nucleotide substitutions models varies from 0.56 to 0.59 in MEGA output. Hence the purpose of the present work is to assess the genomic relationship on the basis of statistical techniques between MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 with an objective to (1) maximized value of likelihood function of nucleotide substitution models, (2) transition/transversion bias and frequencies computation using maximum likelihood (ML) technique, (3) analyze the probability rate of substitution using ML.
    keywords: cov; model; sars; substitution
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        item: #881 of 5187
          id: cord-266869-fs8dn7ir
      author: Kim, So Young
       title: Glycosaminoglycan binding motif at S1/S2 proteolytic cleavage site on spike glycoprotein may facilitate novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) host cell entry
        date: 2020-04-15
       words: 3834
      flesch: 45
     summary: In: World Health Organization Activation of the SARS coronavirus spike protein via sequential proteolytic cleavage at two distinct sites Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Spike Protein Is Not Activated Directly by Cellular Furin during Viral Entry into Target Cells SARS coronavirus, but not human coronavirus NL63, utilizes cathepsin L to infect ACE2-expressing cells Receptor and viral determinants of SARS-coronavirus adaptation to human ACE2 Inhibition of SARS pseudovirus cell entry by lactoferrin binding to heparan sulfate proteoglycans Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 is a functional receptor for the emerging human coronavirus-EMC Glycosaminoglycans in infectious disease Mechanisms of coronavirus cell entry mediated by the viral spike protein Interaction of Zika Virus Envelope Protein with Glycosaminoglycans Proteoglycans and Sulfated Glycosaminoglycans Copper regulates the interactions of antimicrobial piscidin peptides from fish mast cells with formyl peptide receptors and heparin Molecular modeling of protein-glycosaminoglycan interactions Glycosaminoglycan-protein interactions: definition of consensus sites in glycosaminoglycan binding proteins The spike glycoprotein of the new coronavirus 2019-nCoV contains a furin-like cleavage site absent in CoV of the same clade Software News and Updates AutoDock Vina: Improving the Speed and Accuracy of Docking with a New Scoring Function, Efficient Optimization, and Multithreading Vina-Carb: Improving Glycosidic Angles during Carbohydrate Docking Matrix proteoglycans as effector molecules for epithelial cell function Comparison of Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins Prepared From Bovine Lung Heparin and Porcine Intestine Heparin Thermodynamic Analysis of the Heparin Interaction with a Basic Cyclic Peptide Using Isothermal Titration Calorimetry Kinetic Model for FGF, FGFR, and Proteoglycan Signal Transduction Complex Assembly Further evidence that periodate cleavage of heparin occurs primarily through the antithrombin binding site Furin cleavage of the SARS coronavirus spike glycoprotein enhances cell-cell fusion but does not affect virion entry Cleavage of Group 1 Coronavirus Spike Proteins: How Furin Cleavage Is Traded Off against Heparan Sulfate Binding upon Cell Culture Adaptation Heparin enhances the furin cleavage of HIV-1 gp160 peptides Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation. During this step, heavily sulfated HS chains span inter-domain channel containing GAG-binding site 2 on each monomer in the trimeric SGP and binds site 1 within the RBD in an open conformation (Fig 5) .
    keywords: binding; cell; cov-2; fig; gag; host; sars; sgp; site; surface
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        item: #882 of 5187
          id: cord-266885-a5fdeuvv
      author: Dlotko, P.
       title: Covid-19 clinical data analysis using Ball Mapper
        date: 2020-04-15
       words: 2958
      flesch: 59
     summary: As one can observe, Ball number 1 contains a lot of such patients, but also ball number 16 and 25 is clearly visible and majority of patients over there wil require ICU. In this note we provide a result of analysis of blood test data from patients with SARS-Cov-2 using Ball Mapper Algorithm.
    keywords: ball; care; license; patients; preprint
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        item: #883 of 5187
          id: cord-266888-ryvk6mte
      author: Cai, Guoshuai
       title: Tobacco Smoking Increases the Lung Gene Expression of ACE2, the Receptor of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-06-15
       words: 1445
      flesch: 48
     summary: We identified upregulation of pulmonary ACE2 gene expression in ever-smokers compared with nonsmokers in all data sets, irrespective of tissue subset or COPD status (Figure 1) . Similarly, smoking status (never, former, or current smoker) was also significantly associated with ACE2 pulmonary expression in the meta-analysis (b = 0.14, P = 2.0 3 10 26 ; Figure 1 ).
    keywords: ace2; data; expression; smoking
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        item: #884 of 5187
          id: cord-266896-unb9yvjr
      author: Nihei, Yoshihito
       title: Continuous extracorporeal treatments in a dialysis patient with COVID-19
        date: 2020-10-04
       words: 2827
      flesch: 40
     summary: Extracorporeal treatment approaches have been used to remove inflammatory cytokines in patients with septic shock and ARDS, whereas several studies have reported the efficacy of PE, PMX-DHP and CHDF in patients with COVID-19 However, until today the efficacy of removing cytokines by extracorporeal treatments in patients with COVID-19 is unclear.
    keywords: covid-19; cytokine; day; patient; storm; treatment
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        item: #885 of 5187
          id: cord-266903-lxtxqdst
      author: Lee, Jong-Hwan
       title: A novel rapid detection for SARS-CoV-2 spike 1 antigens using human angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)
        date: 2020-10-15
       words: 2551
      flesch: 52
     summary: Meanwhile, the MERS-CoV S1 antigen was not 11 detected even at relatively high concentrations (100 ng antigen); however, 100 ng antigen of SARS-12 CoV S1 was slightly detected, as shown in Figures 5b and 5c , and Supplementary Table 3 . A. We then examined the interactions of these antibodies with SARS-5 CoV-2 S1 and SARS-CoV-2 RBD.
    keywords: ace2; cov-2; detection; lfia; sars
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        item: #886 of 5187
          id: cord-266914-3eatplc2
      author: Wang, Yongjin
       title: Nsp1 proteins of group I and SARS coronaviruses share structural and functional similarities
        date: 2010-06-02
       words: 4023
      flesch: 42
     summary: key: cord-266914-3eatplc2 authors: Wang, Yongjin; Shi, Huiling; Rigolet, Pascal; Wu, Nannan; Zhu, Lichen; Xi, Xu-Guang; Vabret, Astrid; Wang, Xiaoming; Wang, Tianhou title: Nsp1 proteins of group I and SARS coronaviruses share structural and functional similarities date: 2010-06-02 journal: Infect Genet Evol DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2010.05.014 sha: doc_id: 266914 cord_uid: 3eatplc2 The nsp1 protein of the highly pathogenic SARS coronavirus suppresses host protein synthesis, including genes involved in the innate immune system. Nsp1 proteins of group I coronaviruses interacted with host ribosomal 40S subunit and did not inhibit IRF-3 activation.
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; cov; group; host; nsp1; proteins; sars
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        item: #887 of 5187
          id: cord-266923-hd1tjj6b
      author: Padroni, Marina
       title: Guillain-Barré syndrome following COVID-19: new infection, old complication?
        date: 2020-04-24
       words: 1150
      flesch: 29
     summary: WHO (2020) Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19 Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study Neurological manifestations of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective case series study Guillain-Barré syndrome The electrodiagnosis of Guillain-Barré syndrome subtypes: where do we stand? Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with SARS CoV-2 infection: causality or coincidence Chest CT for typical 2019-nCoV pneumonia: relationship to negative RT-PCR testing Toscana virus associated with Guillain-Barré syndrome: a case-control study Antiganglioside antibodies in neurological diseases Mimics and chameleons in Guillain-Barré and Miller Fisher syndromes Neurological complications during treatment of Middle East respiratory syndrome Future researches and data acquisition are needed to clarify the possible pathophysiological correlation, as well as to characterize the clinical/electrophysiological pattern of new cases of GBS observed in the context of COVID-19 pandemic.
    keywords: covid-19; data; gbs; syndrome
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        item: #888 of 5187
          id: cord-266930-a1mzxmsb
      author: Rigatti, S. J.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Prevalence and Association with Routine Laboratory Values in a Life Insurance Applicant Population
        date: 2020-09-11
       words: 2624
      flesch: 43
     summary: The causative agent was a betacoronavirus most closely related genetically to zoonotic viruses found in bats, and clinically similar to recent emergent epidemic coronaviruses which caused Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) 2 . Then, the state-specific proportion of positive tests was applied from our sample.
    keywords: license; medrxiv; population; preprint; sars
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        item: #889 of 5187
          id: cord-266948-n7sltd1b
      author: Ahamed, Jasimuddin
       title: Severe aortic stenosis patient risk during the COVID-19 pandemic
        date: 2020-09-14
       words: 1316
      flesch: 38
     summary: key: cord-266948-n7sltd1b authors: Ahamed, Jasimuddin title: Severe aortic stenosis patient risk during the COVID-19 pandemic date: 2020-09-14 journal: Open Heart DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2020-001355 sha: doc_id: 266948 cord_uid: n7sltd1b nan SARS-CoV-2 infection can be an additional and very dangerous comorbidity. 5 AS patients therefore may have increased risk for developing thromboembolic complications during the valve replacement procedure or during subsequent hospitalisation and recovery if they are infected with SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: covid-19; patients; risk; thrombosis
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        item: #890 of 5187
          id: cord-266983-hpwebkbi
      author: Mallhi, Tauqeer Hussain
       title: Risks of Zoonotic Transmission of COVID-19 During Eid-Ul-Adha in Pakistan
        date: 2020-07-27
       words: 947
      flesch: 44
     summary: 2 Since a recent investigation found the potential of zoonotic transmission of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) by farm animals, 3 we felt inclined to underscore the risks of virus transmission from humans to animals due to various activities surrounded by the festive celebration in Pakistan. Disaster medicine and public health preparedness DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2020.278 sha: doc_id: 266983 cord_uid: hpwebkbi nan P akistan is expected to celebrate Eid-ul-Adha, an annual religious festival during which millions of farm animals, including sheep, goats, cows, buffalo, and camels are sacrificed, in the end of July or early August this year.
    keywords: animals; cov-2; eid; sars
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        item: #891 of 5187
          id: cord-266987-ikt8r2o1
      author: Loeffelholz, Michael J.
       title: Laboratory diagnosis of emerging human coronavirus infections – the state of the art
        date: 2020-03-30
       words: 4745
      flesch: 40
     summary: The species severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus: classifying 2019-nCoV and naming it SARS-CoV-2 Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Epidemiology and clinical presentations of the four human coronaviruses 229E, HKU1, NL63, and OC43 detected over 3 years using a novel multiplex real-time PCR method The role of super-spreaders in infectious disease COVID-19: epidemiology, evolution, and cross-disciplinary perspectives Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Updated understanding of the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in Wuhan Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study Characteristics of COVID-19 infection in Beijing First case of 2019 novel coronavirus in the United States Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in children: experts' consensus statement Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China Practical guidance for clinical microbiology laboratories: viruses causing acute respiratory tract infections Simple method for combining sputum and nasal samples for virus detection by reverse transcriptase PCR Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in different types of clinical specimens Viral shedding patterns of coronavirus in patients with probable severe acute respiratory syndrome Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection dynamics and antibody Responses among clinically Diverse patients, Saudi Arabia Kinetics and pattern of viral excretion in biological specimens of two MERS-CoV cases Persistent shedding of viable SARS-CoV in urine and stool of SARS patients during the convalescent phase Consistent detection of 2019 novel coronavirus in saliva Growth and intracellular development of a new respiratory virus Cultivation of a novel type of common-cold virus in organ cultures A highly specific rapid antigen detection assay for on-site diagnosis of MERS Detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus nucleocapsid protein in SARS patients by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay Differentiation between human coronaviruses NL63 and 229E using a novel double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on specific monoclonal antibodies Immunofluorescence assay for detection of the nucleocapsid antigen of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-associated coronavirus in cells derived from throat wash samples of patients with SARS Comparison of immunofluorescence with monoclonal antibodies and RT-PCR for the detection of human coronaviruses 229E and OC43 in cell culture Evaluation of a commercial colloidal gold assay for detection of influenza A and B virus in children's respiratory specimens Rapid detection and monitoring of human coronavirus infections Examination of seroprevalence of coronavirus HKU1 infection with S protein-based ELISA and neutralization assay against viral spike pseudotyped virus Seroepidemiology of group I human coronaviruses in children Molecular and serological investigation of 2019-nCoV infected patients: implication of multiple shedding routes Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus quasispecies that include homologues of human isolates revealed through whole-genome analysis and virus cultured from dromedary camels in Saudi Arabia RNA based mNGS approach identifies a novel human coronavirus from two individual pneumonia cases in 2019 Wuhan outbreak A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China Identification of a novel coronavirus causing severe pneumonia in human: a descriptive study Co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus in patient with pneumonia Laboratory diagnosis of respiratory tract infections in children -the State of the Art Molecular diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome: the state of the art Emerging molecular assays for detection and characterization of respiratory viruses Molecular assays for the detection and characterization of respiratory viruses The dynamics of RNA shedding in MERS and SARS patients may reflect the specimen source, severity of illness, as well as underlying risk factors.
    keywords: cases; clinical; coronavirus; cov-2; detection; mers; novel; patients; pcr; respiratory; sars; specimens
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        item: #892 of 5187
          id: cord-266988-72uvawth
      author: Barth, Rolf F.
       title: The spectrum of pathological findings in coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-07-14
       words: 2505
      flesch: 40
     summary: Consensus guidelines are now available for prevention, antithrombotic therapy, and follow-up for thrombotic and thromboembolic disease in COVID-19 patients [30] and the damping of the hyperimmune inflammatory response by the administration of Dexamethasone [31] . Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) has been postulated to have an important role in the progression of severe COVID-19 disease [28, 29] .
    keywords: covid-19; disease; infection; pathology; patients; sars
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        item: #893 of 5187
          id: cord-266996-knwpkyg6
      author: Kipkorir, Vincent
       title: Prolonged SARS‐Cov‐2 RNA Detection in Anal/Rectal Swabs and Stool Specimens in COVID‐19 Patients After Negative Conversion in Nasopharyngeal RT‐PCR Test
        date: 2020-05-13
       words: 1053
      flesch: 49
     summary: Patients A report of three COVID-19 cases with prolonged viral RNA detection in anal swabs Anal swab findings in an infant with COVID-19. Pediatric Investigation Persistence and clearance of viral RNA in 2019 novel coronavirus disease rehabilitation patients.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; patients; sars
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        item: #894 of 5187
          id: cord-267013-nbwrl4g3
      author: Ruan, R
       title: Subacute Thyroiditis might be a complication triggered by SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-10-13
       words: 886
      flesch: 55
     summary: Insights from a case report Subacute Thyroiditis After Sars-COV-2 Infection Pathology of the thyroid in severe acute respiratory syndrome Organ distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in SARS patients: implications for pathogenesis and virus transmission pathways Histopathology and ultrastructural findings of fatal COVID-19 infections in Washington State: a case series Lancet A systematic review of pathological findings in COVID-19: a pathophysiological timeline and possible mechanisms of disease progression Mod Pathol In autopsies of patients with SARS, an extensive injury of the follicular epithelial cells and the parafollicular cells was described 7 , although SARS associated coronavirus was not found in the thyroid gland of autopsy samples 8 .
    keywords: disease; sars; thyroiditis
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        item: #895 of 5187
          id: cord-267115-6jqdi417
      author: Giobbe, Giovanni Giuseppe
       title: SARS-CoV-2 infection and replication in human fetal and pediatric gastric organoids
        date: 2020-06-24
       words: 8091
      flesch: 38
     summary: Here we show the novel derivation of fetal gastric organoids from 8-21 post-conception week (PCW) fetuses, and from pediatric biopsies, to be used as an in vitro model for SARS-CoV-2 gastric infection. While R-spondin 1,Wnt-3A and Noggin withdrawal led to more differentiated morphology, CHIR99021 (GSK-3 inhibitor) proved to be essential in the formation of fetal gastric organoids starting from single cells (Fig. 2a) .
    keywords: analysis; cells; cov-2; data; degs; expression; fig; gastric; human; infection; organoids; pcw; pediatric; rna; samples; sars; stages; virus
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        item: #896 of 5187
          id: cord-267124-8efdzlc0
      author: Wichmann, Dominic
       title: Autopsy Findings and Venous Thromboembolism in Patients With COVID-19: A Prospective Cohort Study
        date: 2020-05-06
       words: 4071
      flesch: 45
     summary: retrospective study Multiple roles of the coagulation protease cascade during virus infection Diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of thromboembolic complications in COVID-19: report of the National Institute for Public Health of the Netherlands Coagulation disorders in coronavirus infected patients: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV and lessons from the past SARS-CoV-2 and viral sepsis: observations and hypotheses German recommendations for critically ill patients with COVID-19 The stimulation of thrombosis by hypoxia Histopathologic changes and SARS-CoV-2 immunostaining in the lung of a patient with COVID-19 Pulmonary pathology of early-phase 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia in two patients with lung cancer Effectiveness of convalescent plasma therapy in severe COVID-19 patients The characteristics of 50 hospitalized COVID-19 patients with and without ARDS Organ distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in SARS patients: implications for pathogenesis and virus transmission pathways Anticoagulant treatment is associated with decreased mortality in severe coronavirus disease 2019 patients with coagulopathy COVID-19 and thrombotic or thromboembolic disease: implications for prevention, antithrombotic therapy, and follow-up Current Author Addresses Dr. Becker: Department of Pulmonology and Internal Intensive Care, Asklepios Hospital Barmbek Dr. de Weerth: Department of Internal Medicine, Agaplesion Diakonie Hospital Author Contributions: Conception and design: D Provision of study materials or patients Standard weights for men and women (adopted from Molina and DiMaio [13, 14]), respectively, are as follows (the dependence of standard organ weights on body weight was not considered here): brain, 1401 g and 1233 g; heart, 331 g and 245 g; lung (right), 445 g and 340 g; lung (left), 395 g and 299 g; liver, 1561 g and 1288 g; kidney (right), 129 g and 108 g Figure 1 . To our knowledge, only 3 case reports have been published about COVID-19 patients who have undergone complete autopsy (7, 8) .
    keywords: autopsy; cases; cov-2; covid-19; death; findings; lung; patients; sars
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        item: #897 of 5187
          id: cord-267134-5gz2dotn
      author: Sallenave, Jean-Michel
       title: Innate Immune Signaling and Proteolytic Pathways in the Resolution or Exacerbation of SARS-CoV-2 in Covid-19: Key Therapeutic Targets?
        date: 2020-05-28
       words: 5364
      flesch: 23
     summary: A first step in understanding SARS pathogenesis Pathogenic human coronavirus infections: causes and consequences of cytokine storm and immunopathology Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection of human ciliated airway epithelia: role of ciliated cells in viral spread in the conducting airways of the lungs SARS-CoV replication and pathogenesis in an in vitro model of the human conducting airway epithelium SARS-CoV replicates in primary human alveolar type II cell cultures but not in type I-like cells Innate immune response of human alveolar type II cells infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus Quantitative mRNA expression profiling of ACE 2, a novel homologue of angiotensin converting enzyme COVID-19: gastrointestinal manifestations and potential fecal-oral transmission SARS-CoV-2 productively infects human gut enterocytes Isolation and characterization of viruses related to the SARS coronavirus from animals in southern China Virology: SARS virus infection of cats and ferrets SARS-associated coronavirus transmitted from human to pig Susceptibility of ferrets, cats, dogs, and other domesticated animals to SARS-coronavirus 2 Tmprss2 is essential for influenza H1N1 virus pathogenesis in mice This manuscript has been released as a pre-print at OSF (100 Clinical and immunologic features in severe and moderate Coronavirus Disease Complex immune dysregulation in COVID-19 patients with severe respiratory failure Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Clinical and virological data of the first cases of COVID-19 in Europe: a case series Breadth of concomitant immune responses prior to patient recovery: a case report of non-severe COVID-19 Risk factors associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome and death in patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 pneumonia in Wuhan, China Elevated exhaustion levels and reduced functional diversity of T cells in peripheral blood may predict severe progression in COVID-19 patients Human coronavirus: host-pathogen interaction Host cell proteases: critical determinants of coronavirus tropism and pathogenesis Structural insights into coronavirus entry The spike glycoprotein of the new coronavirus 2019-nCoV contains a furinlike cleavage site absent in CoV of the same clade Type II transmembrane serine proteases Type II transmembrane serine proteases in cancer and viral infections Activation of influenza viruses by proteases from host cells and bacteria in the human airway epithelium Influenza virus activating host proteases: identification, localization and inhibitors as potential therapeutics Proteasemediated enhancement of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Proteolytic activation of influenza viruses by serine proteases TMPRSS2 and HAT from human airway epithelium Cleavage and activation of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein by human airway trypsin-like protease SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor Enhanced isolation of SARS-CoV-2 by TMPRSS2-expressing cells Molecular basis of binding between novel human coronavirus MERS-CoV and its receptor CD26 Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 is a functional receptor for the emerging human coronavirus-EMC Structure, function, and antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein A crucial role of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in SARS coronavirus-induced lung injury Structural basis for the recognition of the SARS-CoV-2 by full-length human ACE2 Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus.
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; epithelial; host; human; infection; influenza; lung; protein; responses; sars
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        item: #898 of 5187
          id: cord-267136-1abp6oom
      author: Lan, Yu-Ching
       title: Phylogenetic analysis and sequence comparisons of structural and non-structural SARS coronavirus proteins in Taiwan
        date: 2004-12-07
       words: 3111
      flesch: 54
     summary: A BLAST search was performed to locate SARS CoV sequences in the GenBank database. If we assume that the RBD is (a) conserved among different SCoVs, including civet SCoVs (Bonavia et al., 2002) , and (b) more than 30-50 amino acids in length (Lasky et al., 1987) , then it is possible that the RBD can be mapped onto amino acid residues 360-442. Identification of a receptor-binding domain of the spike glycoprotein of human coronavirus HCoV-229E Memoir of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Control in Taiwan Severe acute respiratory syndrome Analysis of the whole-length sequences of ten strains of SARS coronavirus in Taiwan and its epidemiological implications Amino acid comparisons of S proteins from 44 human and civet SCoVs.
    keywords: amino; civet; epidemic; human; sars; scovs; sequences
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        item: #899 of 5187
          id: cord-267246-hq7g62p5
      author: Huang, Su-Hua
       title: Phage display technique identifies the interaction of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus open reading frame 6 protein with nuclear pore complex interacting protein NPIPB3 in modulating Type I interferon antagonism
        date: 2015-07-31
       words: 3477
      flesch: 32
     summary: 4, 5 ORF 3b and ORF6 proteins modulate the host innate immune response, including inhibition of Type I IFN production and signaling. 7, 9 ORF6 protein interacts with the C terminus of karyopherin alpha 2, leading to impeding the nuclear import of phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) in response to IFN-b.
    keywords: cells; cov; domain; ifn; npipb3; orf6; phage; protein; sars; stat1
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        item: #900 of 5187
          id: cord-267261-8z4aqfff
      author: Su, John R.
       title: Emerging viral infections
        date: 2005-03-01
       words: 6891
      flesch: 39
     summary: Second lab accident fuels fears about SARS Neurotropic virus isolated from blood of native of Uganda West Nile virus: epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and prevention Origin of the West Nile virus responsible for an outbreak of encephalitis in the northeastern United States Potential North American vectors of West Nile virus West Nile virus Widespread West Nile virus activity, eastern United States Introduction of West Nile virus in the Middle East by migrating white storks Update: investigations of West Nile virus infections in recipients of organ transplantation and blood transfusion-Michigan Ebola virus: from discovery to vaccine Investigations of West Nile virus infections in recipients of blood transfusions Possible West Nile virus transmission to an infant through breast-feeding-Michigan and investigations of West Nile virus infections in recipients of blood transfusion and organ transplantation Transmission of West Nile virus from an organ donor to four transplant recipients Detection of West Nile virus in blood donations-United States West Nile virus infection transmitted by blood transfusion Clinical and laboratory observations in an outbreak of West Nile fever in Israel in 1957 The West Nile Virus outbreak of 1999 in New York: the Flushing Hospital experience West Nile virus: a primer for the clinician Neurological features of West Nile virus infection during the 2000 outbreak in a regional hospital in Israel Clinical findings of West Nile virus infection in hospitalized patients Clinical characteristics of the West Nile fever outbreak, Israel A follow-up study of persons infected with West Nile virus during a 1999 outbreak in the New York City area An introduction to Ebola: the virus and the disease Isolation and partial characterisation of a new strain of Ebola virus Short report: lack of virus replication in arthropods after intrathoracic inoculation of Ebola Reston virus Field investigations of an outbreak of Ebola hemorrhagic fever, Kikwit, Democratic Republic of the Congo, 1995: arthropod studies Treatment of Ebola virus infection with a recombinant inhibitor of factor VIIa/tissue factor: a study in rhesus monkeys Efficacy and safety of recombinant human activated protein C for severe sepsis Description of compensated and uncompensated disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) responses (non-overt and overt DIC) in baboon models of intravenous and intraperitoneal Escherichia coli sepsis and in the human model of endotoxemia: toward a better definition of DIC Protein C levels as a prognostic indicator of outcome in sepsis and related diseases Assessment of protective immunity conferred by recombinant vaccinia viruses to guinea pigs challenged with Ebola virus DNA vaccines expressing either the GP or NP genes of Ebola virus protect mice from lethal challenge Immunization for Ebola virus infection Accelerated vaccination for Ebola virus haemorrhagic fever in non-human primates Treatment of lethal Ebola virus infection in mice with a single dose of an S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase inhibitor Antiviral drug therapy of filovirus infections: Sadenosylhomocysteine hydrolase inhibitors inhibit Ebola virus in vitro and in a lethal mouse model Diagnosis of Ebola haemorrhagic fever by RT-PCR in an epidemic setting ELISA for the detection of antibodies to Ebola viruses Detection of Ebola viral antigen by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using a novel monoclonal antibody to nucleoprotein Detection and molecular characterization of Ebola viruses causing disease in human and nonhuman primates Ebola between outbreaks: intensified Ebola hemorrhagic fever surveillance in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, 1981-1985 Defense against filoviruses used as biological weapons Biohazard: the chilling true story of the largest covert biological weapons program in the world-told from inside by the man who ran it Isolation of the etiologic agent of Korean Hemorrhagic fever Etiology and epidemiology of the Four Corners hantavirus outbreak Epidemiologic linkage of rodent and human hantavirus genomic sequences in case investigations of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome Adaptation of Puumala hantavirus to cell culture is associated with point mutations in the coding region of the L segment and in the noncoding regions of the S segment Quasispecies in wild-type tula hantavirus populations Naturally occurring Sin Nombre virus genetic reassortants Genetic interaction between distinct Dobrava hantavirus subtypes in Apodemus agrarius and A. flavicollis in nature Recombination in Tula hantavirus evolution: analysis of genetic lineages from Slovakia Experimental evaluation of rodent exclusion methods to reduce hantavirus transmission to humans in rural housing Genetics of hantaviruses: implications to taxonomy Hantaviruses.
    keywords: cases; clinical; diagnosis; disease; fever; hantavirus; human; infection; mpv; nile; outbreak; patients; sars; syndrome; virus; viruses; west; wnv
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        item: #901 of 5187
          id: cord-267307-kyh0xsrp
      author: Kasting, Monica L.
       title: Public perceptions of the effectiveness of recommended non-pharmaceutical intervention behaviors to mitigate the spread of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-11-04
       words: 4354
      flesch: 48
     summary: For purposes of analyses, we divided the sample using a median split, creating two groups: those who had lower perceived effectiveness of the NPI measures (score range: 1-3.99; 47.3% of the sample) and those who had higher perceived effectiveness (score range: 4.00-5.00; 52.7% of the sample). However, little is known about public perceptions of the effectiveness of these measures, and high perceived effectiveness is likely to be critical in order to achieve widespread adoption of NPI. METHODS:
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; effectiveness; health; participants; public; sars
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        item: #902 of 5187
          id: cord-267308-rgqjolue
      author: Crovetto, F.
       title: SEROPREVALENCE AND CLINICAL SPECTRUM OF SARS-CoV-2 INFECTION IN THE FIRST VERSUS THIRD TRIMESTER OF PREGNANCY
        date: 2020-06-19
       words: 1433
      flesch: 45
     summary: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.20134098 doi: medRxiv preprint Characteristics and outcomes of pregnant women hospitalised with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in the UK: a national cohort study using the UK Obstetric Surveillance System (UKOSS) Pandemic influenza and pregnant women COVID-19 in pregnancy: a clinical management protocol and considerations for practice Diagnosis and treatment of adults with community-acquired pneumonia Coronavirus disease 2019 among asymptomatic and symptomatic pregnant women: two weeks of confirmed presentations to an affiliated pair of New York City hospitals 267308 cord_uid: rgqjolue Introduction: Case registries of pregnant women diagnosed with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) have reported that the majority experienced mild infection, but up to 9% may require critical care.
    keywords: infection; sars; women
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        item: #903 of 5187
          id: cord-267373-nzxbogga
      author: Antinori, Spinello
       title: Compassionate remdesivir treatment of severe Covid-19 pneumonia in intensive care unit (ICU) and Non-ICU patients: Clinical outcome and differences in post_treatment hospitalisation status
        date: 2020-05-11
       words: 3476
      flesch: 43
     summary: Eighteen patients started remdesivir in our ICU and seventeen in our Infectious Disease ward (IDW): most of ICU patients were undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation, and most of the IDW patients were undergoing high-flow oxygen therapy and/or non-invasive mechanical ventilation. r o o f blind clinical trial aimed at evaluating the efficacy and safety of remdesivir in hospitalised patients with mild to moderate COVID-19 respiratory disease
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; icu; idw; patients; remdesivir; sars; treatment
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        item: #904 of 5187
          id: cord-267388-jz5mm91w
      author: Cheung, Szeya
       title: Recurrent Acute Pancreatitis in a Patient with COVID-19 Infection
        date: 2020-08-24
       words: 1563
      flesch: 39
     summary: After ruling out the possible causes of acute pancreatitis, a diagnosis of idiopathic acute pancreatitis was made. The recent diagnosis of COVID-19 and the presentation of recurring acute pancreatitis in this patient with no known precipitating factors of pancreatitis raise the suspicion that there is a causal relationship between this novel virus and acute pancreatitis.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; pancreatitis; sars
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        item: #905 of 5187
          id: cord-267397-b7ogeokm
      author: Smith, E. R.
       title: Protocol for a Sequential, Prospective Meta-Analysis to Describe COVID-19 in Pregnancy and Newborn Periods
        date: 2020-11-12
       words: 5616
      flesch: 45
     summary: Where appropriate and as sample size allows, we will consider meta-regression or subgroup analyses by the following study level characteristics: study design and sampling strategy, proportion of confirmed COVID-19 cases (out of suspected and confirmed cases), national maternal mortality ratio, national neonatal mortality rate. Among the 19 included studies, ten are COVID-19 registry studies, seven are cohort or surveillance studies, and two are case-control studies.
    keywords: case; covid-19; data; license; medrxiv; pregnancy; preprint; studies; study; women
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        item: #906 of 5187
          id: cord-267402-kca05rvz
      author: South, Kieron
       title: Preceding infection and risk of stroke: An old concept revived by the COVID-19 pandemic
        date: 2020-07-24
       words: 6252
      flesch: 31
     summary: medRxiv, Epub ahead of print 2020 Dysregulation of Immune Response in Patients With Coronavirus Plasma inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in severe acute respiratory syndrome Clinical progression and cytokine profiles of middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Inflammatory cytokines and ischemic stroke risk: the REGARDS cohort Systemic infections cause exaggerated local inflammation in atherosclerotic coronary arteries: clues to the triggering effect of acute infections on acute coronary syndromes Inflammation and plaque vulnerability Infection and atherosclerosis development The role of immune cells in atrial fibrillation The role of infection in the development of non-valvular atrial fibrillation: up-regulation of Toll-like receptor 2 expression levels on monocytes Pandemic H1N1 influenza infection and vascular thrombosis Pulmonary artery thrombosis in a patient with severe acute respiratory syndrome Haematological manifestations in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome: retrospective analysis Abnormal coagulation parameters are associated with poor prognosis in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia Hypercoagulability of COVID-19 patients in intensive care unit: A report of thromboelastography findings and other parameters of hemostasis Incidence of thrombotic complications in critically ill ICU patients with COVID-19 Prevalence of venous thromboembolism in patients with severe novel coronavirus pneumonia High incidence of venous thromboembolic events in anticoagulated severe COVID-19 patients Venous and arterial thromboembolic complications in COVID-19 patients admitted to an academic hospital in C-reactive protein levels in the early stage of COVID-19 Procoagulant soluble tissue factor is released from endothelial cells in response to inflammatory cytokines The procoagulant pattern of patients with COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome Mechanisms of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-Induced Acute Lung Injury Thrombinactivatable fibrinolysis inhibitor and protein C inhibitor in interstitial lung disease Effects of inflammatory cytokines on the release and cleavage of the endothelial cell-derived ultralarge von Willebrand factor multimers under flow Inflammatory cytokines inhibit ADAMTS13 synthesis in hepatic stellate cells and endothelial cells Inflammationassociated ADAMTS13 deficiency promotes formation of ultra-large von Willebrand factor Acute respiratory tract infection leads to procoagulant changes in human subjects Analysis of thrombotic factors in severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) patients Involvement of ADAMTS13 and von Willebrand factor in thromboembolic events in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 Epub ahead of print 23 ADAMTS13 activity, von Willebrand factor, factor VIII and D-dimers in COVID-19 inpatients High VWF, low ADAMTS13, and oral contraceptives increase the risk of ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction in young women High levels of von Willebrand factor and low levels of its cleaving protease, ADAMTS13, are associated with stroke in young HIVinfected patients Thrombocytopenia and its association with mortality in patients with COVID-19 Antiplatelet Therapy After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients With COVID-19 Platelets and infection -an emerging role of platelets in viral infection Neutrophil extracellular traps in COVID-19 ADAMTS13-mediated thrombolysis of t-PA-resistant occlusions in ischemic stroke in mice Hypercoagulability is a stronger risk factor for ischaemic stroke than for myocardial infarction: a systematic review Severe COVID-19 infection associated with endothelial activation Electron microscopy of SARS-CoV-2: a challenging task -authors' reply Aberrant coagulation causes a hyper-inflammatory response in severe influenza pneumonia Immunopathogenesis of coronavirus infections: implications for SARS Complement associated microvascular injury and thrombosis in the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19 infection: A report of five cases Neurologic Manifestations of Hospitalized Patients With Coronavirus Disease Central nervous system manifestations of COVID-19: a systematic review Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection causes neuronal death in the absence of encephalitis in mice transgenic for human ACE2 Central nervous system infections and stroke -a population-based analysis The neutrophil in vascular inflammation COVID-19 and cardiovascular disease Defining causality in COVID-19 and neurological disorders Thromboprophylaxis in intensive care unit patients: a literature review Risk of Ischemic Stroke in Patients with Covid-19 versus Patients with Influenza Prevalence of comorbidities and its effects in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2: a systematic review and meta-analysis Coronavirus Infections and Type 2 Diabetes-Shared Pathways with Therapeutic Implications Obesity and impaired metabolic health in patients with COVID-19 Factors associated with death or hospitalization due to pandemic 2009 influenza A(H1N1) infection in California Increased risk of influenza among vaccinated adults who are obese Obesity, inflammation, and insulin resistance -a mini-review Tissue factor is induced by interleukin-33 in human endothelial cells: a new link between coagulation and inflammation Chest CT findings in cases from the cruise ship 'Diamond Princess' with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Association between influenza vaccination and reduced risk of brain infarction Management of acute ischemic stroke in patients with COVID-19 infection: report of an international panel There is clear evidence, from post-mortem lung pathology, of extensive thrombosis in the alveolar capillaries and small vessels in response to COVID-19 infection.
    keywords: acute; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; factor; incidence; infection; patients; risk; sars; stroke
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        item: #907 of 5187
          id: cord-267426-3eu9umx5
      author: Yao, Hangping
       title: Patient-derived mutations impact pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-04-19
       words: 4621
      flesch: 55
     summary: 123 C8782T and T28144C were found in two of our viral isolates, ZJU-2 and ZJU-8, and 124 these two are known as the founding mutations for another large group of viral isolates 125 (Capobianchi et al., 2020) . Importantly, these viral isolates show significant variation in cytopathic effects and viral load, up to 270-fold differences, when infecting Vero-E6 cells.
    keywords: author; copyright holder; display; funder; license; medrxiv preprint; peer review; preprint
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        item: #908 of 5187
          id: cord-267436-mivxm8oh
      author: Groneberg, David A
       title: Treatment and vaccines for severe acute respiratory syndrome
        date: 2005-03-10
       words: 5918
      flesch: 36
     summary: The broad-spectrum antiviral ribonucleoside ribavirin is an RNA virus mutagen A cluster of cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong A major outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Clinical progression and viral load in a community outbreak of coronavirus-associated SARS pneumonia: a prospective study Description and clinical treatment of an early outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Guangzhou, PR China Severe acute respiratory syndromerelated coronavirus is inhibited by interferon-alpha Glycyrrhizin, an active component of liquorice roots, and replication of SARS-associated coronavirus Severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus in lung tissue Common adverse events associated with the use of ribavirin for severe acute respiratory syndrome in Canada Role of lopinavir/ritonavir in the treatment of SARS: initial virological and clinical findings Treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome with lopinavir/ritonavir: a multicentre retrospective matched cohort study HIV protease inhibitor nelfinavir inhibits replication of SARS-associated coronavirus Inhibition of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARSCoV) by calpain inhibitors and beta-D-N4-hydroxycytidine Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus Novel peptide inhibitors of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 Substrate-based design of the first class of angiotensin-converting enzyme-related carboxypeptidase (ACE2) inhibitors Potent neutralization of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus by a human mAb to S1 protein that blocks receptor association Interaction between heptad repeat 1 and 2 regions in spike protein of SARS-associated coronavirus: implications for virus fusogenic mechanism and identification of fusion inhibitors Cloaked similarity between HIV-1 and SARS-CoV suggests an anti-SARS strategy Inhibiting severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus by small interfering RNA Modulation of HIV-1 replication by RNA interference Interference of hepatitis C virus RNA replication by short interfering RNAs Short interfering RNA-directed inhibition of hepatitis B virus replication Silencing SARS-CoV spike protein expression in cultured cells by RNA interference Inhibition of SARS-associated coronavirus infection and replication by RNA interference Effect of glycyrrhizin, an active component of licorice roots, on HIV replication in cultures of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from HIV-seropositive patients Long-term treatment of chronic hepatitis C with glycyrrhizin [stronger neo-minophagen C (SNMC)] for preventing liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma Lamivudine and glycyrrhizin for treatment of chemotherapy-induced hepatitis B virus (HBV) hepatitis in a chronic HBV carrier with non-Hodgkin lymphoma Induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase and proinflammatory cytokines expression by o,pЈ-DDT in macrophages Inhibition of SARS-CoV infection in vitro by S-nitroso-Nacetylpenicillamine, a nitric oxide donor compound Role of nitric oxide in allergic inflammation and bronchial hyperresponsiveness Role of nitric oxide in chronic allergen-induced airway cell proliferation and inflammation Inhibition of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus replication by niclosamide Small molecules targeting severe acute respiratory syndrome human coronavirus Pro/con clinical debate: steroids are a key component in the treatment of SARS Lung pathology of fatal severe acute respiratory syndrome Clinical features and short-term outcomes of 144 patients with SARS in the greater Toronto area Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Singapore: clinical features of index patient and initial contacts High-dose pulse versus nonpulse corticosteroid regimens in severe acute respiratory syndrome Fatal aspergillosis in a patient with SARS who was treated with corticosteroids SARS: prognosis, outcome and sequelae Avascular necrosis of bone in severe acute respiratory syndrome Role of interferons in the treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome Inhibition of SARS coronavirus infection in vitro with clinically approved antiviral drugs Interferon-beta 1a and SARS coronavirus replication Interferon alfacon-1 plus corticosteroids in severe acute respiratory syndrome: a preliminary study Pegylated interferon-alpha protects type 1 pneumocytes against SARS coronavirus infection in macaques How the SARS vaccine effort can learn from HIVspeeding towards the future, learning from the past Treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome with convalescent plasma Prior infection and passive transfer of neutralizing antibody prevent replication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in the respiratory tract of mice An efficient method to make human monoclonal antibodies from memory B cells: potent neutralization of SARS coronavirus Human monoclonal antibody as prophylaxis for SARS coronavirus infection in ferrets Caution urged on SARS vaccines A review of feline infectious peritonitis virus: molecular biology, immunopathogenesis, clinical aspects, and vaccination Effects of a SARS-associated coronavirus vaccine in monkeys Mucosal immunisation of African green monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops) with an attenuated parainfluenza virus expressing the SARS coronavirus spike protein for the prevention of SARS Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein expressed by attenuated vaccinia virus protectively immunizes mice Nucleic acid vaccines: an overview A DNA vaccine induces SARS coronavirus neutralization and protective immunity in mice Generation and characterization of DNA vaccines targeting the nucleocapsid protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Induction of SARS-nucleoproteinspecific immune response by use of DNA vaccine SARS-one year later Seasonality of infectious diseases and severe acute respiratory syndrome-what we don't know can hurt us Clinical trials and novel pathogens: lessons learned from SARS Preparing to prevent severe acute respiratory syndrome and other respiratory infections Collateral damage: the unforeseen effects of emergency outbreak policies Support from the Deutsche Atemwegsliga and the German Research Foundation (DFG GR2014/2-1) to DAG is gratefully acknowledged. 13, 14 Evidence suggests that SARS coronavirus originated from SARS-like viruses in animals in the southern Chinese province of Guangdong; the most frequently implicated animal is the Himalayan palm civet, an animal found in food markets and eaten as a delicacy.
    keywords: coronavirus; outbreak; protein; replication; ribavirin; sars; severe; spike; steroids; syndrome; treatment; vaccines
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        item: #909 of 5187
          id: cord-267458-uofy7jyx
      author: Jiang, Xiao-Lin
       title: Transmission potential of asymptomatic and paucisymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections: a three-family cluster study in China
        date: 2020-04-22
       words: 1627
      flesch: 50
     summary: A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Emergency Response Epidemiology T Transmission of 2019-nCoV Infection from an Asymptomatic Contact in Germany A familial cluster of infection associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating potential person-to-person transmission during the incubation period Potential Presymptomatic Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Presymptomatic Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 -Singapore Presumed Asymptomatic Carrier Transmission of COVID-19 Covert coronavirus infections could be seeding new outbreaks Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding RAxML version 8: a tool for phylogenetic analysis and post-analysis of large phylogenies Advice on the use of masks in the community, during home care and in healthcare settings in the context of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak Surface Environmental, and Personal Protective Equipment Contamination by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) From a Symptomatic Patient Aerosol and Surface Stability of SARS-CoV-2 as Compared with SARS-CoV-1 All close contacts of SARS-CoV-2 positive patients were traced, including family members who lived with the patients and individuals who had contact with the patients within 1 meter without wearing proper personal protection.
    keywords: asymptomatic; cov-2; patients; sars; transmission
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        item: #910 of 5187
          id: cord-267476-j59tm40d
      author: Yong, Sarah Ee Fang
       title: Connecting clusters of COVID-19: an epidemiological and serological investigation
        date: 2020-04-21
       words: 3569
      flesch: 44
     summary: We have highlighted the importance of serological testing for epidemiological investigation of COVID-19 cases, and we urge further development of serological testing capabilities. We present findings of investigations from Jan 29 to Feb 24, 2020, that linked two people with COVID-19 from Wuhan, China, to three clusters of COVID-19 cases in Singapore.
    keywords: cases; church; clusters; cov-2; covid-19; sars; singapore; testing
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        item: #911 of 5187
          id: cord-267482-afqfymbq
      author: Ryu, Seungjin
       title: Ketogenesis restrains aging-induced exacerbation of COVID in a mouse model
        date: 2020-09-12
       words: 8214
      flesch: 40
     summary: For example, epithelial cell specific induction of hACE2 (K18-hACE2) as a model of SARS-CoV-2 infection demonstrated that post intranasal inoculation, animals develop lung inflammation and pneumonia driven by infiltration of monocytes, neutrophils and T cells . Interestingly, some of the most striking changes occurred in T cells, where ketogenesis led to a substantial increase in ϒδ but not αβ T cells ( Figure 6C and Figure S6B ).
    keywords: a59; aging; cells; cov-2; covid-19; et al; expression; figure; infection; inflammasome; inflammation; mcov; mice; model; mouse; nlrp3; sars; ϒδ t
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        item: #912 of 5187
          id: cord-267509-w7nfbnbb
      author: Tian, Yuan
       title: Review article: gastrointestinal features in COVID‐19 and the possibility of faecal transmission
        date: 2020-03-31
       words: 1583
      flesch: 43
     summary: We included data on COVID-19 patients who have confirmed in case reports and retrospective clinical studies relating to the digestive system that were published in English or Chinese from the end of December 2019 to the end of February 2020. The epidemiological characteristics of an outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) in China Macroscopic autopsy findings in a patient with COVID-19 Enteric involvement of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus infection First case of 2019 novel coronavirus in the United States Three cases of novel coronavirus pneumonia with viral nucleic acids still positive in stool after throat swab detection turned negative Persistence and clearance of viral RNA in 2019 novel coronavirus disease rehabilitation patients Fecal specimen diagnosis 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with digestive symptoms in Hubei, China: a descriptive, cross-sectional, multicenter study Epidemiological characteristics of 2143 pediatric patients with 2019 coronavirus disease in China Air, surface environmental, and personal protective equipment contamination by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) from a symptomatic patient Aerosol and surface stability of HCoV-19 (SARS-CoV-2) compared to SARS-CoV-1.
    keywords: coronavirus; gastrointestinal; patients; symptoms
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        item: #913 of 5187
          id: cord-267511-tb69dwg8
      author: Talebian, Sepehr
       title: Why Go NANO on COVID-19 Pandemic?
        date: 2020-09-02
       words: 1968
      flesch: 38
     summary: These NANOvaccines are examples as to how NANOtechnology can further enhance the therapeutic effect of COVID-19 vaccines. Currently, there are no specific vaccine or anti-viral treatments available for COVID-19, but a wide range of fields of science and technology, such as NANOtechnology, has great potential to help in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of COVID-19.
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; nanotechnology; vaccine; virus
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        item: #914 of 5187
          id: cord-267533-nmgtan4e
      author: Hu, Zhigang
       title: Delayed hospital admission and high-dose corticosteroids potentially prolong SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection duration of patients with COVID-19
        date: 2020-10-29
       words: 3608
      flesch: 39
     summary: By shrinking down to zero coefficient weights, LASSO regression analysis has the ability to eliminate exposures that are non-related to the outcome [9, 11] . In the first step of our study, we identified the independent risk factors of long-term positive SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection by using LASSO logistic regression analysis and SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection duration by using LASSO Cox regression analysis.
    keywords: covid-19; detection; duration; patients; rna; rna detection; sars
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        item: #915 of 5187
          id: cord-267566-gdjl0qmu
      author: Kweon, Oh Joo
       title: Antibody kinetics and serologic profiles of SARS-CoV-2 infection using two serologic assays
        date: 2020-10-22
       words: 3604
      flesch: 46
     summary: Rigorous verification study with serially collected serum from COVID-19 patients is required to ensure analytic performance and clinical accuracy. In addition, both assays showed 94.2~96.4% of IgG specificities and increased IgG titers in COVID-19 patients were maintained.
    keywords: assays; cov-2; covid-19; igg; igm; patients; pso; sars
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        item: #916 of 5187
          id: cord-267579-gkvd0fol
      author: Yang, Xiaoyu
       title: Asymptomatic Carrier Transmission of COVID-19 and The Multi-Point Aerosol Sampling to Assess Risks in OR During Pandemic Period
        date: 2020-07-27
       words: 472
      flesch: 31
     summary: Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China Clinical characteristics of 24 asymptomatic infections with COVID-19 screened among close contacts in Nanjing SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load in Upper Respiratory Specimens of Infected Patients Projecting the transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 through the postpandemic period Evidence of airborne transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome virus Systematic Comparison of Two Animal-to-Human Transmitted Human Coronaviruses: SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV Practical recommendations for critical care and anesthesiology teams caring for novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) patients Bioaerosol Sampling for Respiratory Viruses in Singapore's Mass Rapid Transit To achieve this, asymptomatic patients has been comprised in the daily report and released by the government of the People's Republic of China from 1 April 2020.
    keywords: patients
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        item: #917 of 5187
          id: cord-267587-hag6qydb
      author: Lau, Susanna K.P.
       title: Engineering Coronaviruses to Evaluate Emergence and Pathogenic Potential
        date: 2016-04-16
       words: 1987
      flesch: 43
     summary: This mutability, coupled with rapid evolution, helps RNA viruses ensure their survival. The clone was shown to be able to generate infectious virus in primary human airway epithelial cell culture, confirming its ability to efficiently replicate in human cells.
    keywords: cov; covs; potential; sars; viruses
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        item: #918 of 5187
          id: cord-267588-ruuzr6l1
      author: Garnett, Lauren
       title: Comparison analysis of different swabs and transport mediums suitable for SARS-CoV-2 testing following shortages
        date: 2020-08-08
       words: 3099
      flesch: 40
     summary: key: cord-267588-ruuzr6l1 authors: Garnett, Lauren; Bello, Alexander; Tran, Kaylie N.; Audet, Jonathan; Leung, Anders; Schiffman, Zachary; Griffin, Bryan D.; Tailor, Nikesh; Kobasa, Darwyn; Strong, James E. title: Comparison analysis of different swabs and transport mediums suitable for SARS-CoV-2 testing following shortages date: 2020-08-08 journal: J Virol Methods DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2020.113947 sha: doc_id: 267588 cord_uid: ruuzr6l1 On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) assessed COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, as a pandemic. To tackle this issue, we evaluated the utility of different swabs and transport mediums for the molecular detection of SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: cov-2; detection; sars; swabs; testing; transport; virus
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        item: #919 of 5187
          id: cord-267610-bzbr9ios
      author: Anastassopoulou, Cleo
       title: SARS-CoV-2 transmission, the ambiguous role of children and considerations for the reopening of schools in the fall
        date: 2020-09-03
       words: 2475
      flesch: 27
     summary: School children are nonetheless anticipated to contribute to the community transmission of SARS-CoV-2 through their large numbers of daily social contacts, some of which are intergenerational, with older age groups where the risk for more severe illness is increased. Primary or elementary school children aged 6-11 years were less likely to transmit the virus compared with high school aged children who could transmit the virus as efficiently as adults.
    keywords: children; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; sars; school; transmission
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        item: #920 of 5187
          id: cord-267613-hsc2x36j
      author: Dittmar, Mark
       title: Drug repurposing screens reveal FDA approved drugs active against SARS-Cov-2
        date: 2020-06-19
       words: 7574
      flesch: 43
     summary: Remdesivir and hydroxylchloroquine were antiviral against SARS-CoV-2 in Huh7.5 cells with IC50s that were greater than 10-fold lower than those observed in Vero cells (Fig 2b) . However, the majority of the antivirals that were validated in Huh7.5 cells were not active in Vero cells.
    keywords: activity; antiviral; calu-3; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; cyclophilin; cyclosporine; drugs; entry; fig; huh7.5; infection; sars; vero; virus
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        item: #921 of 5187
          id: cord-267666-i7uuf3ck
      author: Sarkar, Bishajit
       title: Engineering a Novel Subunit Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 by Exploring Immunoformatics Approach
        date: 2020-11-11
       words: 1874
      flesch: 32
     summary: ImmunoTargets 1340 and therapy Recombinant and epitope-based vaccines on the road to the 1343 market and implications for vaccine design and production Physicochemical characterization and functional analysis of 1347 some snake venom toxin proteins and related non-toxin proteins of other chordates cell differentiation and plasticity during visceral leishmaniasis infection. 7, 1352 Another Decade, Another Coronavirus Amino acid neighbours and detailed 1356 conformational analysis of cysteines in proteins ElliPro: a new structure-based tool for the prediction of antibody epitopes More than one reason to rethink the use of 1364 peptides in vaccine design Computational immunology meets 1369 bioinformatics: the use of prediction tools for molecular binding in the simulation of the immune 1370 system Reverse 1376 vaccinology 2.0: Human immunology instructs vaccine antigen design Therapeutic and vaccine 1380 strategies against SARS-CoV-2: past, present and future.
    keywords: design; epitopes; figure; protein; sars; structure; vaccine
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        item: #922 of 5187
          id: cord-267690-g0kesgjm
      author: Mueller, Sarina K.
       title: Considerations for Continuing Semielective and Emergency Otolaryngological Procedures During the COVID-19 Pandemic
        date: 2020-09-07
       words: 2809
      flesch: 47
     summary: All semielective surgery patients were screened preoperatively for COVID-19 symptoms and COVID-19 associated risk factors (contact with confirmed COVID-19 patients, stay in one of the international risk areas within the last 14 days) according to the daily updated recommendations of the Robert Koch Institute-a federal institute within the German Federal Ministry of Health. We consider a posttest probability of below 5% sufficiently low to continue operating on semielective patients.
    keywords: covid-19; emergency; health; patients; sars; surgeries; surgery
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        item: #923 of 5187
          id: cord-267723-loj718vd
      author: Kloc, Małgorzata
       title: Macrophages in diabetes mellitus (DM) and COVID-19: do they trigger DM?
        date: 2020-10-17
       words: 2307
      flesch: 30
     summary: Islet macrophages are situated in the vicinity of the blood vessels, and they communicate with the cellular and acellular components of the blood through the filopodia that extend to the lumen of the vessels. Islet macrophages express both stimulatory and suppressive ligands and receptors, chemokines, and cytokines including IL-1β, TNFα, and a high level of major histocompatibility complex MHC-II, and as such are the key regulator of the activation and recruitment of the lymphocytes, and additional monocyte/macrophages into the islets during the infection (Calderon et al. 2011 (Calderon et al. , 2015 Carrero et al. 2017; Ferris et al. 2017; Vomund et al. 2015) .
    keywords: cells; diabetes; macrophages; sars
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        item: #924 of 5187
          id: cord-267735-y3832u9e
      author: Sun, Wuping
       title: Management of Immunity Alteration-Induced Chronic Pain During the Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic
        date: 2020-09-24
       words: 3077
      flesch: 27
     summary: Strengthening the patient's confidence could be necessary to relieve psychological stress in chronic pain patients during the COVID-19 outbreak. Chronic pain patients have received limited treatment and discounted services during the COVID-19 outbreak due to limit the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
    keywords: covid-19; et al; individuals; infection; pain; patients; sars; treatment
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        item: #925 of 5187
          id: cord-267744-asjvf123
      author: Lee, Yu-Ching
       title: Chicken single-chain variable fragments against the SARS-CoV spike protein
        date: 2007-07-23
       words: 4062
      flesch: 44
     summary: Phage libraries displaying scFv antibodies were constructed according to published protocols with minor modifications (Andris-Widhopf et al., 2000; Barbas et al., 2001) . 1A and B, the expression and presence of scFv antibodies were examined by Coomassie blue staining and western blot analysis.
    keywords: antibodies; antibody; chain; clones; cov; et al; fig; protein; sars; scfv
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        item: #926 of 5187
          id: cord-267762-mzon01fd
      author: Ferreira, A.
       title: Chronic treatment with hydroxychloroquine and SARS-CoV-2 infection.
        date: 2020-06-29
       words: 2942
      flesch: 46
     summary: Cross linking the two sets of data has allowed us to compare the proportion of HCQ chronic treatment (at least 2 grams per month) in laboratory confirmed cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection with laboratory confirmed negative cases. The proportion of HCQ chronic treatment was higher in negative patients is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.
    keywords: hcq; license; medrxiv; patients; preprint
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        item: #927 of 5187
          id: cord-267770-ik1ib3zb
      author: Koo, Hyun Jung
       title: RadioGraphics Update: Radiographic and CT Features of Viral Pneumonia
        date: 2020-06-05
       words: 2764
      flesch: 39
     summary: In this updated review, we expand on the information presented in our 2018 article (4) and focus on the clinical features and chest CT findings of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia to help radiologists detect the disease at its early stage. During the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic situation in China, the sensitivity of chest CT for identifying SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia cases has been reported to be 97% (95% confidence interval: 95%, 98%) (6).
    keywords: chest; cov-2; infection; patients; pneumonia; sars
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        item: #928 of 5187
          id: cord-267782-4pjfnund
      author: Lan, Fan-Yun
       title: Association between SARS-CoV-2 infection, exposure risk and mental health among a cohort of essential retail workers in the USA
        date: 2020-10-30
       words: 5060
      flesch: 42
     summary: This is the first study to demonstrate the significant asymptomatic infection rate, exposure risks and associated psychological distress of grocery retail essential workers during the pandemic, which supports the policy recommendations that employers and government officials should take actions on implementing preventive strategies and administrative arrangements, such as methods to reduce interpersonal contact, repeat and routine SARS-CoV-2 employee testing, to ensure the health and safety of essential workers. key: cord-267782-4pjfnund authors: Lan, Fan-Yun; Suharlim, Christian; Kales, Stefanos N; Yang, Justin title: Association between SARS-CoV-2 infection, exposure risk and mental health among a cohort of essential retail workers in the USA date: 2020-10-30 journal:
    keywords: anxiety; cov-2; covid-19; depression; employees; exposure; health; sars; study; testing; workers
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        item: #929 of 5187
          id: cord-267815-4fw7xgnt
      author: Peña, Juan A.
       title: A Survey of Labor and Delivery Practices in New York City during the COVID-19 Pandemic
        date: 2020-06-09
       words: 2896
      flesch: 49
     summary: Fetal testing in COVID-19 patients varied. There was less consensus on antepartum fetal surveillance in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; pandemic; patients; sars; sites
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        item: #930 of 5187
          id: cord-267831-uu883ofc
      author: Kang, Yuan-Lin
       title: Inhibition of PIKfyve kinase prevents infection by Zaire ebolavirus and SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-06-15
       words: 1272
      flesch: 5
     summary: Lassa virus entry requires a trigger-induced 658 receptor switch Old world 660 arenaviruses enter the host cell via the multivesicular body and depend on the 661 endosomal sorting complex required for transport Coincidence detection in phosphoinositide signaling PIKfyve, a mammalian ortholog of 665 yeast Fab1p lipid kinase, synthesizes 5-phosphoinositides. Analogues as Inhibitors by Virtual Drug Screening and Chemical Synthesis Vacuolin-1 potently and reversibly inhibits autophagosome-703 lysosome fusion by activating RAB5A Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of the 705 oral interleukin-12/23 inhibitor apilimod mesylate for treatment of active Crohn's 706 disease Apilimod inhibits the production of IL-12 and IL-23 and 708 reduces dendritic cell infiltration in psoriasis The phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate 5-kinase inhibitor 710 apilimod blocks filoviral entry and infection Ebola virus requires phosphatidylinositol (3,5) bisphosphate 712 production for efficient viral entry Visualization of Ebola Virus Fusion Triggering in the Endocytic Pathway A phase 1/2A trial of STA 5326 inhibitor, in patients with active moderate to severe Crohn's disease Brief report: a phase IIa, randomized, double-blind, 720 placebo-controlled trial of apilimod mesylate patients with rheumatoid arthritis Arbidol and Other Low-Molecular-Weight Drugs That 723 Inhibit Lassa and Ebola Viruses Identification of Combinations of Approved Drugs With Synergistic Activity Against Ebola Virus in Cell Cultures Characterization of VPS34-IN1, a selective inhibitor of 728 Vps34, reveals that the phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate-binding SGK3 protein 729 kinase is a downstream target of class III phosphoinositide 3-kinase Evidence that TMPRSS2 activates the severe acute 732 respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein for membrane fusion and reduces 733 viral control by the humoral immune response A transmembrane serine protease is linked to the severe 735 acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus receptor and activates virus entry Efficient activation of the severe acute respiratory 738 syndrome coronavirus spike protein by the transmembrane protease TMPRSS2 SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and 741 TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor Characterization of severe acute respiratory syndrome-744 associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) spike glycoprotein-mediated viral entry Identification of apilimod as a first-in-class PIKfyve kinase 747 inhibitor for treatment of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma The VP1 750 subunit of JC polyomavirus recapitulates early events in viral trafficking and is a 751 novel tool to study polyomavirus entry The Phosphoinositide Kinase PIKfyve Promotes 753 Small molecule inhibitors reveal Niemann-Pick C1 is 756 essential for Ebola virus infection Endosome-to-cytosol transport of viral nucleocapsids Protease inhibitors targeting coronavirus and filovirus entry Tracking the Fate of Genetically Distinct Vesicular 762 Stomatitis Virus Matrix Proteins Highlights the Role for Late Domains in 763 Assembly Uptake of rabies virus into 765 epithelial cells by clathrin-mediated endocytosis depends upon actin A 768 forward genetic strategy reveals destabilizing mutations in the Ebolavirus 769 glycoprotein that alter its protease dependence during cell entry Efficient recovery of infectious 772 vesicular stomatitis virus entirely from cDNA clones Genome engineering using the CRISPR-Cas9 system Identification and characterization of a novel broad 777 spectrum virus entry inhibitor A highly conserved cryptic epitope in the receptor-binding 779 domains of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV The first five seconds in the 781 life of a clathrin-coated pit 614 We thank Walter J. Atwood for providing the parental SVG-A cells, Eric Marino, Justin 615 H. Houser and Tegy John Vadakkan for maintaining the spinning disc confocal *** ** ** *** *** *** *** A Table I Table II
    keywords: cell; entry; kinase; pikfyve; sars; virus
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        item: #931 of 5187
          id: cord-267845-18hb5ndr
      author: Resende, Paola Cristina
       title: SARS-CoV-2 genomes recovered by long amplicon tiling multiplex approach using nanopore sequencing and applicable to other sequencing platforms
        date: 2020-05-01
       words: 1621
      flesch: 38
     summary: Demultiplexed Fastq files generated from the Illumina sequencing data were used as an input for the analysis. The protocols described herein can be applied to different sequencing platforms, such as Sanger, Illumina and Oxford Nanopore, and therefore are useful, accessible and adaptable to laboratories with different resources and sequencing facilities.
    keywords: genomes; pcr; protocol; samples; sars; sequencing
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        item: #932 of 5187
          id: cord-267856-t3ksa18w
      author: Funk, Colin D.
       title: A Novel Strategy to Mitigate the Hyperinflammatory Response to COVID-19 by Targeting Leukotrienes
        date: 2020-08-06
       words: 4358
      flesch: 30
     summary: Several drug candidates have already been ruled out as effective agents, based on early trial results (e.g., hydroxychloroquine), with only two (the antiviral remdesivir and the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone) showing partial efficacy in randomized clinical trials (Goldman et al., 2020; Recovery Collaborative Group, 2020; Wang et al., 2020) . This pricing is still much less than a 5-day course of the antiviral drug remdesivir (over $3,000 USD) 6 , which has shown limited efficacy to date (Goldman et al., 2020) .
    keywords: cells; cov-2; covid-19; disease; et al; leukotriene; montelukast; patients; receptor; sars; vascular; zileuton
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        item: #933 of 5187
          id: cord-267887-ntwvquqz
      author: Yang, Ren
       title: Development and effectiveness of Pseudotyped SARS-CoV-2 system as determined by neutralizing efficiency and entry inhibition test in vitro
        date: 2020-08-21
       words: 1313
      flesch: 38
     summary: [1, 2, 3] , named as SARS-CoV-2 (also called as COVID-19 virus in China) We then compared the results of the analysis conducted using the ppNT and the live virus ( Figure 4B ) and found that the results from the ppNT were strongly correlated with those obtained using live virus (R 2 = 0.6931 and p < 0.005).
    keywords: cells; cov-2; entry; sars; virus
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        item: #934 of 5187
          id: cord-267917-belkwihy
      author: Peters, Alexandra
       title: Putting some context to the aerosolization debate around SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-04-30
       words: 888
      flesch: 51
     summary: A letter to the editor entitled Aerosol and Surface Stability of SARS-CoV-2 as Compared with SARS-CoV-1 was recently published in in the New England Journal of Medicine. The usefulness of such a comparison is without argument, and knowing the relative tenacity of SARS-CoV-2 versus SARS-CoV-1 in the healthcare environment will no doubt help put the SARS-CoV-2 virus in perspective, and help guide protocols for environmental hygiene.
    keywords: air; sars; virus
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        item: #935 of 5187
          id: cord-267960-r5m7o9dp
      author: Hourdel, Véronique
       title: Rapid Genomic Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 by Direct Amplicon-Based Sequencing Through Comparison of MinION and Illumina iSeq100(TM) System
        date: 2020-09-25
       words: 4469
      flesch: 43
     summary: The RAMPART tool (Read Assignment, Mapping, and Phylogenetic Analysis in Real Time) developed by the ARTIC network has been used to visualize genome coverage in real time and reference matching for each barcode. Concerning the bioinformatics analysis, the RAMPART tool (Read Assignment, Mapping and Phylogenetic Analysis in Real Time) developed by the ARTIC network was helpful and time-saving to visualize genome coverage in real time and allowed to stop the run when sufficient data were generated.
    keywords: cov-2; genome; illumina; iseq100; minion; samples; sars; sequencing; system; time
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        item: #936 of 5187
          id: cord-267971-xgwmda8e
      author: Tan, Shing Cheng
       title: Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients
        date: 2020-04-07
       words: 2857
      flesch: 51
     summary: This paper aimed to pool the available data to provide a more complete picture of the characteristics of COVID-19 patients. Conclusions: Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 patients were mostly heterogeneous and non-specific.
    keywords: covid-19; data; disease; license; patients; preprint
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        item: #937 of 5187
          id: cord-268034-7id7sfsu
      author: Auerswald, Heidi
       title: Assessment of Inactivation Procedures for SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-05-28
       words: 1620
      flesch: 35
     summary: Untreated virus isolates had a concentration of viable virus up to 6.67 x 10 5 187 (isolate 2310) before treatment (Table 1) Previous studies have been conducted on the effectiveness of chemical inactivation 220 techniques on SARS-CoV-2 [11, 12] , the majority of these based on infectious agents of concern 221 such as Ebola Therefore, formaldehyde treatment does not appear to be a 247 solution for increased molecular SARS-CoV-2 testing; however, it does remain a viable alternative 248 for sample inactivation or disinfection.
    keywords: cov-2; inactivation; sars; treatment; virus
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        item: #938 of 5187
          id: cord-268049-7xqln70d
      author: Montrief, Tim
       title: COVID-19 respiratory support in the emergency department setting
        date: 2020-08-08
       words: 5201
      flesch: 38
     summary: [24] [25] [26] HFNC is an emerging support modality for patients with COVID-19 and has been associated with increased survival in COVID-19 patients when compared to either NIV or invasive mechanical ventilation. 38 International guidelines on the use of NIV for COVID-19 patients vary, with many guidelines recommending against the routine use of NIV due to increased risk of virus aerosolization and unproven utility in patients with ARDS.
    keywords: airway; covid-19; failure; intubation; management; niv; oxygen; patients; risk; sars
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        item: #939 of 5187
          id: cord-268065-mxvbbkc4
      author: Wei, Maoti
       title: Epidemiology of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
        date: 2020-05-18
       words: 4411
      flesch: 51
     summary: Although the data of SARS cases were analyzed by epidemiological models, the results showed that the spread of SARS infection was not supported by aerosols, but by droplets. Peoples Government of Hubei Province website Genetic evolution analysis of 2019 novel coronavirus and coronavirus from other species Wuhan seafood market may not be source of novel virus spreading globally Kraemer M. epidemiological data from the ncov-2019 outbreak: early descriptions from publicly available data Estimates of the clock and TMRCA for 2019-nCoV based on 27 genomes Importation and human-tohuman transmission of a novel coronavirus in Vietnam A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster Determining SARS sub-clinical infection: a longitudinal seroepidemiological study in recovered SARS patients and controls after an outbreak in a general hospital Viral load dynamics and disease severity in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Zhejiang province Temporal profiles of viral load in posterior oropharyngeal saliva samples and serum antibody responses during infection by SARS-CoV-2: an observational cohort study A novel coronavirus outbreak of global health concern Transmission of COVID-19 infection from an asymptomatic contact in Germany Presymptomatic transmission of SARS-CoV-2 -Singapore Super-spreading events of MERS-CoV infection Nowcasting and forecasting the potential domestic and international spread of the COVID-19 outbreak originating in Wuhan, China: a modeling study The presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the feces of COVID-19 patients First case of 2019 novel coronavirus in the United States Modelling the epidemic trend of the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in China Coronavirus disease (COVID-2019) situation reports Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Epidemiological characteristics of confirmed avian influenza A (H7N9) cases in mainland China-A Preliminary Report]
    keywords: cases; china; covid-19; epidemic; infection; market; sars; transmission
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        item: #940 of 5187
          id: cord-268071-ow2aijmj
      author: Pachetti, Maria
       title: Emerging SARS-CoV-2 mutation hot spots include a novel RNA-dependent-RNA polymerase variant
        date: 2020-04-22
       words: 4460
      flesch: 48
     summary: Viruses with RdRp mutation have a median of 3 point mutations [range: 2–5], otherwise they have a median of 1 mutation Interestingly, viral genomes present in North American patients carrying RdRp mutation (14%) do not carry any of the European specific mutations.
    keywords: cov-2; drug; genomes; mutation; number; patients; positions; rdrp; rna; sars
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        item: #941 of 5187
          id: cord-268074-9mact9br
      author: Bi, Qifang
       title: Epidemiology and transmission of COVID-19 in 391 cases and 1286 of their close contacts in Shenzhen, China: a retrospective cohort study
        date: 2020-04-27
       words: 5311
      flesch: 47
     summary: We characterise differences in demographics and severity between cases identified through symptom-based surveillance and monitoring of close case contacts, and estimate the time to key events, such as confirmation, isolation, and recovery. Estimates of the distribution of time between symptom onset and case isolation by surveillance type reveal that heightened surveillance combined with case isolation could plausibly account for these low rates of transmission.
    keywords: cases; contacts; days; onset; surveillance; symptom; time
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        item: #942 of 5187
          id: cord-268075-kbislbx0
      author: Song, Limin
       title: Cardiovascular Changes in Patients With COVID-19 From Wuhan, China
        date: 2020-09-02
       words: 4063
      flesch: 40
     summary: Further evidence is needed to evaluate the safety and potential effects of ACEIs/ARBs in COVID-19 patients with hypertension. Autopsy of COVID-19 patients found interstitial mononuclear inflammatory infiltrates in the heart tissue and epicardial edema (35) .
    keywords: covid-19; data; hypertension; injury; patients; sars; study
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        item: #943 of 5187
          id: cord-268085-vpzrk8u7
      author: Mandal, Amrendra
       title: Gastrointestinal Manifestations in COVID-19 Infection and Its Practical Applications
        date: 2020-06-21
       words: 3115
      flesch: 36
     summary: In a study that analyzed COVID-19 patients, 39 (53.4%) were found to be positive for COVID-19 in stool, with a duration of positive stool ranging between 1 and 12 days However, the histopathological study of liver tissue from COVID-19 patients did not show viral inclusions in the liver specimens [20] .
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; infection; liver; patients; sars; symptoms
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        item: #944 of 5187
          id: cord-268098-71g1w1mc
      author: Beckman, M. F.
       title: Comorbidities and Susceptibility to COVID-19: A Generalized Gene Set Meta-Analysis Approach
        date: 2020-09-15
       words: 4204
      flesch: 44
     summary: Significant genes had high levels of association with each pathway. For the VEP matched gene STRINGv11.0 analysis, there were four distinct biological groupings recognized within the mapped network based on the closeness of protein interactions (Figure 2b ).
    keywords: analysis; author; comorbidities; funder; genes; medrxiv; pathways; perpetuity; preprint; protein; review
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        item: #945 of 5187
          id: cord-268140-s5lailkp
      author: Atal, Shubham
       title: IL-6 Inhibitors in the Treatment of Serious COVID-19: A Promising Therapy?
        date: 2020-06-13
       words: 5184
      flesch: 36
     summary: Furthermore, tissue necrosis and interstitial macrophages and monocyte infiltrations in the lungs, heart and gastrointestinal mucosa have been demonstrated in postmortem pathology in COVID-19 patients [25, 31] . It has been proposed that early diagnosis of CRS in COVID-19 patients through screening tools like the H-score used for HLH, and prompt immunomodulation with IL-6 inhibitors may be beneficial, as in HLH [37] .
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; drugs; evidence; il-6; inhibitors; lung; patients; sars; tocilizumab; treatment
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        item: #946 of 5187
          id: cord-268144-maa8c4a4
      author: Zhang, Yuan
       title: Computational characterization and design of SARS coronavirus receptor recognition and antibody neutralization
        date: 2007-02-17
       words: 2565
      flesch: 24
     summary: In silico prediction based on homology modelling and energy calculations A crucial role of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in SARS coronavirus-induced lung injury Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in lung diseases Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2: a functional receptor for SARS coronavirus Pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus Structure of SARS coronavirus spike receptor-binding domain complexed with receptor Receptor and viral determinants of SARS-coronavirus adaptation to human ACE2 Conformational states of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein ectodomain Surface ultrastructure of SARS coronavirus revealed by atomic force microscopy Retroviruses pseudotyped with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein efficiently infect cells expressing angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 Structure of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus receptor-binding domain complexed with neutralizing antibody The FoldX web server: an online force field 10 Potent neutralization of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus by a human mAb to S1 protein that blocks receptor association Evaluation of human monoclonal antibody 80R for immunoprophylaxis of severe acute respiratory syndrome by an animal study, epitope mapping, and analysis of spike variants ACE2 X-ray structures reveal a large hinge-bending motion important for inhibitor binding and catalysis ACE2: from vasopeptidase to SARS virus receptor A 193-amino acid fragment of the SARS coronavirus S protein efficiently binds angiotensinconverting enzyme 2 Immunological responses against SARS-coronavirus infection in humans Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus entry into host cells: opportunities for therapeutic intervention Immunogenicity of a receptor-binding domain of SARS coronavirus spike protein in mice: Implications for a subunit vaccine A study on antigenicity and receptor-binding ability of fragment 450-650 of the spike protein of SARS coronavirus The SWISS-MODEL workspace: a web-based environment for protein structure homology modelling Structural insights into SARS coronavirus proteins Architecture of the SARS coronavirus prefusion spike The protein data bank The SARS coronavirus S glycoprotein receptor binding domain: fine mapping and functional characterization Potential antivirals and antiviral strategies against SARS coronavirus infections Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus pathogenesis, disease and vaccines: an update Receptorbinding domain of SARS-CoV spike protein induces long-term protective immunity in an animal model The SH3-fold family: experimental evidence and prediction of variations in the folding pathways Predicting changes in the stability of proteins and protein complexes: a study of more than 1000 mutations SWISS-MODEL and the Swiss-PdbViewer: an environment for comparative protein modeling Identification of critical active-site residues in angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) by site-directed mutagenesis Membrane-associated zinc peptidase families: comparing ACE and ACE2 Identification of critical determinants on ACE2 for SARS-CoV entry and development of a potent entry inhibitor Vaccine design for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV spike protein induces highly potent neutralizing antibodies: implication for developing subunit vaccine Receptor-binding domain of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein contains multiple conformation-dependent epitopes that induce highly potent neutralizing antibodies Identification of a critical neutralization determinant of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-associated coronavirus: importance for designing SARS vaccines Identification and characterization of novel neutralizing epitopes in the receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV spike protein: revealing the critical antigenic determinants in inactivated SARS-CoV vaccine Antigenic and immunogenic characterization of recombinant baculovirus-expressed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein: implication for vaccine design A single amino acid substitution (R441A) in the receptor-binding domain of SARS coronavirus spike protein disrupts the antigenic structure and binding activity Crossneutralization of human and palm civet severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses by antibodies targeting the receptor-binding domain of spike protein Design and biological activities of novel inhibitory peptides for SARS-CoV spike protein and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 interaction Cellular entry of the SARS coronavirus Structure-based discovery of a novel angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 inhibitor Structural basis of neutralization by a human anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome spike protein antibody, 80R Angiotensinconverting enzyme 2 protects from severe acute lung failure SARS vaccine development Identification of novel small-molecule inhibitors of severe acute respiratory syndromeassociated coronavirus by chemical genetics
    keywords: binding; coronavirus; rbd; receptor; sars
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        item: #947 of 5187
          id: cord-268169-xry3nhzt
      author: Couturier, Aymeric
       title: Indirect effects of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 on the kidney in coronavirus disease patients
        date: 2020-05-22
       words: 3095
      flesch: 43
     summary: Here we report two cases of collapsing glomerulopathy and tubulointerstitial lesions in living COVID-19 patients. Our results are in line with a recent inpress report that describes the presence of collapsing glomerulopathy and tubulointerstitial lesions in living COVID-19 patients of African origin, homozygous for APOL1 risk allele G1 and evidence of chronicity on kidney biopsy
    keywords: apol1; cov-2; covid-19; kidney; level; patients; proteinuria; sars
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        item: #948 of 5187
          id: cord-268193-xwptzgvl
      author: Wang, Tzong-Luen
       title: Establishing a clinical decision rule of severe acute respiratory syndrome at the emergency department()
        date: 2003-12-29
       words: 3226
      flesch: 45
     summary: The febrile patients who consulted our institutes (3 university teaching hospitals, accounting for a population of 700,000 in Taipei, Taiwan) and met with the WHO criteria of suspected SARS were prospectively enrolled in this study beginning March 2003. A total of 232 patients with suspected SARS were enrolled to test the predictive capacity of the scoring system in fied by stepwise logistic regression.
    keywords: cases; patients; sars; scoring; scoring system; system
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        item: #949 of 5187
          id: cord-268206-ino9srb6
      author: Hamed, Manal A.
       title: An overview on COVID-19: reality and expectation
        date: 2020-06-01
       words: 6090
      flesch: 35
     summary: However, there is no clear evidence that the BCG vaccine protects people against infection with COVID-19 virus. In a study involving patients with pandemic influenza (H1N1) and SARS virus, treatment of severe infection with convalescent plasma was associated with reduced respiratory viral load, serum cytokine response, and mortality (Cheng et al. 2005; Hung et al. 2011) .
    keywords: angiotensin; chloroquine; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; enzyme; et al; infection; novel; obesity; patients; protein; sars; treatment
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        item: #950 of 5187
          id: cord-268211-egy8rgtl
      author: Barrasa, Helena
       title: SARS-Cov-2 in Spanish Intensive Care: Early Experience with 15-day Survival In Vitoria
        date: 2020-04-09
       words: 2691
      flesch: 47
     summary: Reports describing ICU patients with SARS-CoV-2 out of China are still limited [3, 4] . Early on this disease, non-intubated patients may benefit from prone position before intubation.
    keywords: cov-2; icu; intubation; mortality; non; patients; sars; ventilation
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        item: #951 of 5187
          id: cord-268224-5tbb8df1
      author: Di Gioacchino, Andrea
       title: The heterogeneous landscape and early evolution of pathogen-associated CpG dinucleotides in SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-08-27
       words: 7109
      flesch: 54
     summary: The absence of a straightforward correlation between global CpG force and the pathology of a coronavirus in humans calls for a finer, local analysis of CpG forces we report below. CpG forces could be related to the evolutionary constraint to lower or increase CpG number, under the pressure of host PRRs that recognize a pathogen.
    keywords: codon; cov-2; cpg; evolution; fig; force; genome; human; mutations; sars; sequence
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        item: #952 of 5187
          id: cord-268254-1mg7a17c
      author: Liu, Li
       title: High neutralizing antibody titer in intensive care unit patients with COVID-19
        date: 2020-07-20
       words: 3480
      flesch: 49
     summary: Furthermore, by comparing ICU and non-ICU patients, we have shown that NAb response rose significantly earlier and to a much greater extent in severe patients than in mild patients. Furthermore, NAb titer increased significantly at earlier infection stages among ICU patients than among non-ICU patients.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; disease; icu; nab; patients; response; sars; titer
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        item: #953 of 5187
          id: cord-268283-eja8fkwv
      author: Iftikhar, Hafsa
       title: Identification of potential inhibitors of three key enzymes of SARS-CoV2 using computational approach
        date: 2020-06-09
       words: 4828
      flesch: 40
     summary: In this regard, several recent studies have been conducted using computational methods to screen libraries of approved drugs or drug-like molecules to identify potential inhibitors of different viral proteins, particularly, RdRp and 3CL-protease [13] Moreover, several other studies have also been reported contributing to the efforts in identifying approved drugs for repurposing or drug candidates or leads to develop drugs against SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: 3cl; binding; cov-2; docking; drug; helicase; potential; protease; proteins; sars; structure
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        item: #954 of 5187
          id: cord-268324-86a0n0dc
      author: Charitos, Ioannis A
       title: Special features of SARS-CoV-2 in daily practice
        date: 2020-09-26
       words: 6120
      flesch: 38
     summary: Current studies are investigating the relationship between different variables and the risk of death of COVID-19 patients hospitalized for pneumonia. COVID-19 patients are often very complex and require a multidisciplinary medical team which includes at least the following specialists: emergency doctor, pulmonologist, infectious disease specialist, critical care physician, and medical laboratory technician [72]
    keywords: cases; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; health; infection; management; patients; pneumonia; risk; sars; symptoms; treatment; use; world
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        item: #955 of 5187
          id: cord-268329-apl6n6jl
      author: Antunes, Douglas Eulálio
       title: Will cases of leprosy reaction increase with COVID-19 infection?
        date: 2020-07-17
       words: 1509
      flesch: 36
     summary: In both reactions, we warn of the possible effect that COVID-19 infection may have on the number of cases of these immunological events because the presence of infection is an important risk factor for triggering leprosy reactions [8] . These precautions will aid prevention of the spread of COVID-19 infection-and its severe manifestations, including leprosy reactions. Evaluation and Treatment Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    keywords: covid-19; disease; leprosy; patients; reactions
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        item: #956 of 5187
          id: cord-268330-mo5myrz4
      author: Gentile, Pietro
       title: Adipose-derived stromal stem cells (ASCs) as a new regenerative immediate therapy combating coronavirus (COVID-19)-induced pneumonia
        date: 2020-04-29
       words: 4633
      flesch: 42
     summary: Arch Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell yield and growth characteristics are affected by the tissue-harvesting procedure Comparing mesenchymal stromal cells from different human tissues: bone marrow, adipose tissue and umbilical cord blood Functional studies of mesenchymal stem cells derived from adult human adipose tissue Stromal cells from the adipose tissue-derived stromal vascular fraction and culture expanded adipose tissue-derived stromal/stem cells: a joint statement of the International Federation for Adipose Therapeutics and Science (IFATS) and the International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT) Survival after mesenchymal stromal cell therapy in steroid-refractory acute graft-versus-host disease: systematic review and meta-analysis CT-04 Safety and efficacy of allogeneic umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: results of an open-label phase I study Application of enhanced stromal vascular fraction and fat grafting mixed with PRP in post-traumatic lower extremity ulcers Autologous stem cells (adipose) and fibrin glue used to treat widespread traumatic calvarial defects: case report Fat graft supplemented with adipose-derived stromal cells in the rehabilitation of patients with craniofacial microsomia Clinical treatment of radiotherapy tissue damage by lipoaspirate transplant: a healing process mediated by adipose-derived adult stem cells Prospective trial of adipose-derived regenerative cell (ADRC)-enriched fat grafting for partial mastectomy defects: the RESTORE-2 trial A comparative translational study: the combined use of enhanced stromal vascular fraction and platelet-rich plasma improves fat grafting maintenance in breast reconstruction Breast reconstruction with enhanced stromal vascular fraction fat grafting: what is the best method? Engineered fat graft enhanced with adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction cells for regenerative medicine: clinical, histological and instrumental evaluation in breast reconstruction An article about the impact of the Engineered Fat Graft Enhanced with Adipose-Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction Cells in breast reconstruction Concise review: adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) and adipocyte-secreted exosomal microRNA (A-SE-miR) modulate cancer growth and promote wound repair adipocytes and breast cancer: focus on inflammation and anti-tumor immunity Adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction cells and platelet-rich plasma: basic and clinical evaluation for cell-based therapies in patients with scars on the face Impact of the different preparation methods to obtain human adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction cells (AD-SVFs) and human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs): enzymatic digestion versus mechanical centrifugation Intravenous hMSCs improve myocardial infarction in mice because cells embolized in lung are activated to secrete the anti-inflammatory protein TSG-6 Novel insights on systemic and brain aging, stroke, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Alzheimer's disease Emerging anti-aging strategies -scientific basis and efficacy Contributions of age-related thymic involution to immunosenescence and inflammaging Aging and the immune system: the impact of immunosenescence on viral infection, immunity and vaccine immunogenicity Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan A new mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) paradigm: polarization into a pro-inflammatory MSC1 or an Immunosuppressive MSC2 phenotype Mesenchymal stem cells: a double-edged sword in regulating immune responses Mesenchymal stromal cells: clinical challenges and therapeutic opportunities Concise review: adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) and adipocyte-secreted exosomal microRNA (A-SE-miR) modulate cancer growth and proMote wound repair The authors would like to thank the group of Chinese investigators led by Doctor Zikuan Leng and Professor Zhao, on the precious scientific contributions published, with the possibility to promote the MSCs, ASCs infusion as COVID-19 therapy. Additionally, a higher quantity of stem cells has been observed in fat compared to bone marrow [24] .
    keywords: adipose; ascs; cells; coronavirus; covid-19; mesenchymal; mscs; patients; sars; stem; stromal; tissue
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        item: #957 of 5187
          id: cord-268335-mfcjldu3
      author: Dimeglio, Chloé
       title: Children are protected against SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-05-20
       words: 557
      flesch: 46
     summary: As infants and young children infected with respiratory tract viruses are particularly at risk of hospitalization (3) the paucity of pediatric patients with COVID-19 has raised many questions for clinicians, epidemiologists and scientists. key: cord-268335-mfcjldu3 authors: Dimeglio, Chloé; Mansuy, Jean-Michel; Charpentier, Sandrine; Claudet, Isabelle; Izopet, Jacques title: Children are protected against SARS-CoV-2 infection date: 2020-05-20 journal: J Clin Virol DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104451 sha: doc_id: 268335 cord_uid: mfcjldu3 nan 1 Chloé Dimeglio 1,2* , Jean-Michel Mansuy 2 , Sandrine Charpentier 3,4 , Isabelle Claudet 4,5 , and Jacques Izopet 1 Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in Wuhan, China in December 2019.
    keywords: children; sars
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        item: #958 of 5187
          id: cord-268339-jxm69ndw
      author: Karamitros, Timokratis
       title: SARS-CoV-2 exhibits intra-host genomic plasticity and low-frequency polymorphic quasispecies
        date: 2020-03-28
       words: 3766
      flesch: 46
     summary: In detail, intra-host SNVs colocalized with the probe of RdRP_SARSr reaction (15, The de novo assembly of the viral genomes revealed intra-host genomic rearrangements. Here, we explore intra-host genomic variants and low-frequency polymorphic quasispecies in Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) data derived from patients infected by SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: c c; g c; genome; genomic; host; intra; sars; u c; u g; u u
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        item: #959 of 5187
          id: cord-268340-xwj8ge5t
      author: Ozaki, Masayuki
       title: Reducing Aerosol Generation During Ventilator Weaning in a Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patient Using a Supraglottic Airway: A Case Report
        date: 2020-05-21
       words: 1038
      flesch: 41
     summary: Reducing patients' coughing cases-anesthesia-analgesia.org a & a pRaCtICe and avoiding this aerosol-generating procedure during tracheal extubation may reduce occupational infection. Safety for health care workers is crucial for maintaining continued care for patients with COVID-19.
    keywords: coronavirus; health; ventilation
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        item: #960 of 5187
          id: cord-268370-kfjujs4z
      author: Huang, Yu-Tung
       title: Hospitalization for Ambulatory-care-sensitive Conditions in Taiwan Following the SARS Outbreak: A Population-based Interrupted Time Series Study
        date: 2009-05-31
       words: 3294
      flesch: 41
     summary: In conclusion, we found that the impact of SARS on hospital admission rates after the SARS outbreak varied among different conditions. Since SARS is associated with the respiratory system, people with respiratory conditions were more likely to avoid hospital contact compared with people with other conditions.
    keywords: conditions; outbreak; period; post; rates; sars
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        item: #961 of 5187
          id: cord-268390-npuvodd4
      author: Rehman, Aziz ul
       title: The role of primary and secondary bio-molecules in optical diagnosis of pandemic COVID-19 outbreak
        date: 2020-08-17
       words: 1279
      flesch: 36
     summary: key: cord-268390-npuvodd4 authors: Rehman, Aziz ul; Qureshi, Shahzad Ahmad title: The role of primary and secondary bio-molecules in optical diagnosis of pandemic COVID-19 outbreak date: 2020-08-17 journal: Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101953 sha: doc_id: 268390 cord_uid: npuvodd4 • Primary and secondary biomarkers for optical diagnosis in of COVID-19 infected patients for early diagnosis of disease. This letter to the editor aims to introduce primary and secondary biomarkers whose reflectance, transmittance and fluorescence signals can be used for optical diagnosis of COVID-19 to the scientific community and persuade to build portable, cost effective, label free and real time optical devices for its detection.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; detection; devices; diagnosis; sars
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        item: #962 of 5187
          id: cord-268406-3v309r41
      author: Grajewski, Rafael S.
       title: A missing link between SARS‐CoV‐2 and the eye?: ACE2 expression on the ocular surface
        date: 2020-06-12
       words: 668
      flesch: 41
     summary: In summary, our results provide an important addition to the results of Lange et al 1 and other works by clearly demonstrating specific ACE2 expression in conjunctival epithelial cells, providing the receptor for direct entry of SARS-CoV-2. ACE2 expression on the ocular surface date: 2020-06-12 journal: J Med Virol DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26136 sha: doc_id: 268406 cord_uid: 3v309r41 We applaud Lange et al.1 for their extensive efforts to analyse entry factors for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) into conjunctival epithelial cells covering the ocular surface, which is an important albeit controversially discussed issue1,2 .
    keywords: ace2; cov-2; sars
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        item: #963 of 5187
          id: cord-268425-xg8xnjf9
      author: DiNicolantonio, James J.
       title: Harnessing Adenosine A2A Receptors as a Strategy for Suppressing the Lung Inflammation and Thrombotic Complications of COVID-19: Potential of Pentoxifylline and Dipyridamole
        date: 2020-07-02
       words: 3896
      flesch: 30
     summary: 79 Supplemental glucosamine may likewise up-regulate the type 1 interferon responses to viruses, while exerting anti-inflammatory effects that render it protective in rodent models of sepsis and lung inflammation induced by LPS or cigarette smoke. Although PTX is known to have broad anti-inflammatory activity, it is employed primarily in the treatment of intermittent claudication; by lessening neutrophil activation, PTX renders these cells more distensible, so that they can more readily pass through narrow capillaries in affected legs.
    keywords: adenosine; cells; covid-19; dip; effects; inflammatory; lung; patients; ptx; sars
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        item: #964 of 5187
          id: cord-268453-87b298uk
      author: Ibáñez, Sebastián
       title: Hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine in COVID-19: should they be used as standard therapy?
        date: 2020-06-03
       words: 3503
      flesch: 42
     summary: The world health organization international clinical trials registered organization registered platform A pilot study of hydroxychloroquine in treatment of patients with common coronavirus disease-19 Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: results of an openlabel non-randomized clinical trial Reply to Gautret et al. 2020: a Bayesian reanalysis of the effects of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin on viral carriage in patients with Clinical and microbiological effect of a combination of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin in 80 COVID-19 patients with at least a six-day follow up: an observational study No evidence of rapid antiviral clearance or clinical benefit with the combination of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin in patients with severe COVID-19 infection Hydroxychloroquine in patients with COVID-19: an open-label, randomized No evidence of clinical efficacy of hydroxychloroquine in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 infection with oxygen requirement: results of a study using routinely collected data to emulate a target trial The QT interval in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection treated with hydroxychloroquine/ azithromycin Safety of hydroxychloroquine, alone and in combination with azithromycin, in light of rapid wide-spread use for COVID-19: a multinational, network cohort and self-controlled case series study | medRxiv Chloroquine diphosphate in two different dosages as adjunctive therapy of hospitalized patients with severe respiratory syndrome in the context of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection: preliminary safety results of a randomized, double-blinded, phase IIb clinical trial (CloroCovid-19 Study) Publisher's note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations In the absence of a vaccine and specifically designed antivirals, the medical community has proposed the use of various previously available medications in order to reduce the number of patients requiring prolonged hospitalizations, oxygen therapy, and mechanical ventilation and to decrease mortality from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
    keywords: chloroquine; coronavirus; covid-19; day; group; hcq; hydroxychloroquine; patients
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        item: #965 of 5187
          id: cord-268468-036i1082
      author: Asif, Muhammad
       title: The role of biosensors in COVID-19 outbreak
        date: 2020-09-18
       words: 3210
      flesch: 32
     summary: The more precise and targeted detection of the virus can be carried out using biosensor based approaches. A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Differential Sensitivities of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)
    keywords: antibodies; biosensors; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; detection; diagnosis; patients; sars; surface
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        item: #966 of 5187
          id: cord-268476-3lxsh1zz
      author: Skoog, Hunter
       title: Tracheotomy in the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic
        date: 2020-04-29
       words: 1505
      flesch: 39
     summary: Our priorities in establishing these guidelines included: optimal patient care, protection of medical personnel, minimizing further spread of the virus and preservation of important resources (ICU beds, ventilators, and PPE). The goals of these recommendations are to provide optimal patient care, protection of medical personnel, minimizing further spread of the virus, and preservation of important resources (ICU beds, ventilators, and PPE).
    keywords: cov-2; patients; sars; tracheotomy
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        item: #967 of 5187
          id: cord-268483-joiajgs4
      author: Shah, Vibhuti Kumar
       title: Overview of Immune Response During SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Lessons From the Past
        date: 2020-08-07
       words: 10674
      flesch: 31
     summary: A randomized trial of hydroxychloroquine as postexposure prophylaxis for covid-19 Treatment of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome with a combination of lopinavir-ritonavir and interferon-β1b (MIRACLE trial): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial Cinanserin is an inhibitor of the 3c-like proteinase of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and strongly reduces virus replication in vitro Inhibition of SARS-CoV 3CL protease by flavonoids Diarylheptanoids from Alnus japonica inhibit papain-like protease of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Network-based drug repurposing for novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV/SARS-CoV-2 Feasibility of using convalescent plasma immunotherapy for MERS-CoV infection, Saudi Arabia Treatment with convalescent plasma for influenza A (H5N1) infection The convalescent sera option for containing COVID-19 Breadth of concomitant immune responses prior to patient recovery: a case report of non-severe COVID-19 Effectiveness of convalescent plasma therapy in severe COVID-19 patients Use of convalescent plasma therapy in SARS patients in Hong Kong Available online at SARS vaccines: where are we? Neutralizing antibody against severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-coronavirus spike is highly effective for the protection of mice in the murine SARS model SARS corona virus peptides recognized by antibodies in the sera of convalescent cases Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus: application of monoclonal antibodies and development of an effective vaccine Subunit vaccines against emerging pathogenic human coronaviruses Development of an inactivated vaccine candidate for SARS-CoV-2 ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination prevents SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in rhesus macaques Safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of a recombinant adenovirus type-5 vectored COVID-19 vaccine: a dose-escalation, open-label, non-randomised, first-in-human trial A double-inactivated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus vaccine provides incomplete protection in mice and induces increased eosinophilic proinflammatory pulmonary response upon challenge Immunization with SARS coronavirus vaccines leads to pulmonary immunopathology on challenge with the SARS virus Effects of toll-like receptor stimulation on eosinophilic infiltration in lungs of BALB/c mice immunized with UV-inactivated severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus vaccine Neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and other human coronaviruses Potent binding of 2019 novel coronavirus spike protein by a SARS coronavirus-specific human monoclonal antibody Detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral and cellular immunity in COVID-19 convalescent individuals A human monoclonal antibody blocking SARS-CoV-2 infection Identification of human single-domain antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 Microneedle array delivered recombinant coronavirus vaccines: immunogenicity and rapid translational development SARS-CoV-2 vaccines: status report Induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1 and IL-6) and lung inflammation by Coronavirus-19 (COVI-19 or SARS-CoV-2): anti-inflammatory strategies Mast cells contribute to coronavirus-induced inflammation: new anti-inflammatory strategy Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan A phase 3, single-arm, prospective study of remestemcel-l, ex vivo culture-expanded adult human mesenchymal stromal cells for the treatment of pediatric patients who failed to respond to steroid treatment for acute graft-versus-host disease Remestemcel-L: Human mesenchymal stem cells as an emerging therapy for Crohn's disease Transplantation of ACE2-mesenchymal stem cells improves the outcome of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia (2020) Immune responses in COVID-19 and potential vaccines: lessons learned from SARS and MERS epidemic People Who Are at Higher Risk for Severe Illness | Coronavirus | COVID-19 Severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus in lung tissue Multiple organ infection and the pathogenesis of SARS SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children Vulnerability of children with COVID-19 infection and ACE2 profiles in lungs Possible causes for decreased susceptibility of children to coronavirus Diagnosis and treatment recommendations for pediatric respiratory infection caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus Characteristics and outcomes of children with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection admitted to US and canadian pediatric intensive care units Outbreak of Kawasaki disease in children during COVID-19 pandemic: a prospective observational Features of COVID-19 post-infectious cytokine release syndrome in children presenting to the emergency department Links between innate and adaptive immunity via type I interferon Interferon and cytokine responses to SARScoronavirus infection SARS-CoV regulates immune function-related gene expression in human monocytic cells Profiles of antibody responses against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus recombinant proteins and their potential use as diagnostic markers Early detection of antibodies against various structural proteins of the SARSassociated coronavirus in SARS patients Serological assays for emerging coronaviruses : challenges and pitfalls Profile of specific antibodies to the SARS-associated coronavirus T cell responses to whole SARS coronavirus in humans Temporal profiles of viral load in posterior oropharyngeal saliva samples and serum antibody responses during infection by SARS-CoV-2 : an observational cohort study Profiling early humoral response to diagnose novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) Viral kinetics and antibody responses in patients with COVID-19 Protective humoral immunity in SARS-CoV-2 infected pediatric patients The potential danger of suboptimal antibody responses in COVID-19 Medical countermeasures analysis of 2019-nCoV and vaccine risks for antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) Antibody-dependent enhancement of SARS coronavirus infection and its role in the pathogenesis of SARS Molecular mechanism for antibody-dependent enhancement of coronavirus entry Avoiding pitfalls in the pursuit of a COVID-19 vaccine Novel immunodominant peptide presentation strategy: a featured HLA-A * 2402-restricted cytotoxic t-lymphocyte epitope stabilized by intrachain hydrogen bonds from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus nucleocapsid protein Association of human leukocyte antigen class II alleles with severe acute respiratory syndrome in the Vietnamese population Epidemiological and genetic correlates of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in the hospital with the highest nosocomial infection rate in Taiwan in 2003 Humanleukocyte antigen class
    keywords: acute; antibodies; antibody; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; host; human; immune; infection; mers; novel; patients; protein; response; sars; study; syndrome; treatment
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        item: #968 of 5187
          id: cord-268484-hf4zflsy
      author: Davanzo, Riccardo
       title: Breast feeding at the time of COVID-19: do not forget expressed mother’s milk, please
        date: 2020-04-06
       words: 730
      flesch: 45
     summary: First, the primary concern is not whether the virus can be transmitted through breast milk, but rather whether an infected mother can transmit the virus through respiratory droplets during the period of breast feeding. Moreover, Chinese colleagues who have recently coped with COVID-19 just do not consider the breast feeding option, nor the use of expressed breast milk for newborn infants.
    keywords: breast; feeding; mother
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        item: #969 of 5187
          id: cord-268492-0rbmqarx
      author: Alberer, Martin
       title: Cats and kids: how a feline disease may help us unravel COVID-19 associated paediatric hyperinflammatory syndrome
        date: 2020-09-02
       words: 1534
      flesch: 36
     summary: Similarities to children presenting with Kawasaki disease (KD) have been reported in some of these critically ill children while some of them predominantly display features of toxic shock, such as seen in severe staphylococcal or streptococcal infection. In human COVID-19, these cytokines have been associated with a severe course of disease and deemed to be the hallmark cytokines of the cytokine storm.
    keywords: covid-19; fip; infection; sars
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        item: #970 of 5187
          id: cord-268501-z4oztgi0
      author: Palatnik-de-Sousa, Clarisa B.
       title: What Would Jenner and Pasteur Have Done About COVID-19 Coronavirus? The Urges of a Vaccinologist
        date: 2020-08-26
       words: 6333
      flesch: 36
     summary: It was concluded that, the immunopathology of SARS vaccines was a consequence to a Th2 type of response to the antigen and it was avoided in vaccines that drive the response to a Th1 immunity, with or without adjuvants (53) . In fact, inactivated vaccines preserve the intact structure of the antigens and their B-cell epitopes that enable them to interact with the antibody paratopes, and promote the synthesis of neutralizing antibodies.
    keywords: antibodies; chadox1; cov-2; disease; efficacy; human; inactivated; phase; protein; sars; sinovac; trials; vaccine; virus
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        item: #971 of 5187
          id: cord-268540-wrjzr3ws
      author: Park, You Jeong
       title: Fighting the War Against COVID-19 via Cell-Based Regenerative Medicine: Lessons Learned from 1918 Spanish Flu and Other Previous Pandemics
        date: 2020-08-13
       words: 16386
      flesch: 42
     summary: Clinical improvement following stem cell treatment will be assessed via frequency of adverse incidents, mortality rate, the number of ventilator and ICU free days, total hospital and ICU days, and improvement in oxygenation. The potent binding of SP to ACE2 and subsequent cellular infection may explain the prevalence of respiratory symptoms in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: ace2; acute; cells; convalescent; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; covid-19 patients; disease; human; immune; infection; lung; mesenchymal; mscs; patients; plasma; sars; stem; stem cells; symptoms; syndrome; therapy; treatment; vaccine; virus
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        item: #972 of 5187
          id: cord-268561-vq1uhj5i
      author: da Silva, Severino Jefferson Ribeiro
       title: Clinical and Laboratory Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2, the Virus Causing COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-04
       words: 9935
      flesch: 36
     summary: Structure, Function, and Antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein Novel antibody epitopes dominate the antigenicity of spike glycoprotein in SARS-CoV-2 compared to SARS-CoV Protocol and Reagents for Pseudotyping Lentiviral Particles with SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein for Neutralization Assays Cross-reactive Antibody Response between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV Infections Lack of cross-neutralization by SARS patient sera towards SARS-CoV-2 Analysis of the first cluster of cases in a family of novel coronavirus pneumonia in Gansu Province Profiling Early Humoral Response to Diagnose Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) SARS-CoV-2 Seroconversion in Humans: A Detailed Protocol for a Serological Assay, Antigen Production, and Test Setup Serological assays for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Test performance evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 serological assays Diagnostic performance of 7 rapid IgG/IgM antibody tests and the Euroimmun IgA/IgG ELISA in COVID-19 patients Development and Clinical Application of A Rapid IgM-IgG Combined Antibody Test for SARS-CoV-2 Infection Diagnosis Clinical Performance of Two SARS-CoV-2 Serologic Assays Serological immunochromatographic approach in diagnosis with SARS-CoV-2 infected COVID-19 patients Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2-Specific Antibody Responses in Coronavirus Disease Clinical performance of different SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody tests Evaluation of two automated and three rapid lateral flow immunoassays for the detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies Establishment and validation of a pseudovirus neutralization assay for SARS-CoV-2 Characterization of spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 on virus entry and its immune cross-reactivity with SARS-CoV Evaluation of novel antigen-based rapid detection test for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 in respiratory samples Evaluation of rapid antigen test for detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus Development of a Portable, Ultra-Rapid and Ultra-Sensitive Cell-Based Biosensor for the Direct Detection of the SARS-CoV-2 S1 Microfluidic Immunoassays for Sensitive and Simultaneous Detection of IgG/IgM/Antigen of SARS-CoV-2 within 15 min 2020) In addition, several studies have been used to evaluate the clinical sensitivity of serological tests with COVID-19 patient samples collected on different days after the onset of symptoms.
    keywords: assays; cases; clinical; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; days; detection; diagnosis; disease; genome; infection; novel; patients; results; samples; sars; study; symptoms; tests
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        item: #973 of 5187
          id: cord-268572-uhak283t
      author: Woo, Marcel S.
       title: Control of SARS-CoV-2 infection in rituximab-treated neuroimmunological patients
        date: 2020-07-11
       words: 1308
      flesch: 43
     summary: However, for individuals with B cell depletion uncertainty remains towards the robustness of viral control, the degree of immunity and risk of reinfection. She had a B cell count of 25/µL (Ref. 80-500/µL, Supplementary Table 2) at the day of admission and tested negative for SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies (3.5 AU/mL; Ref. < 15 AU/mL) on April 7th, 2020, which converted to detectable antibodies on April 29th, 2020 (71.5 AU/mL).
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; sars
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        item: #974 of 5187
          id: cord-268622-3jireyep
      author: Babadaei, Mohammad Mahdi Nejadi
       title: The expression level of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 determines the severity of COVID-19: lung and heart tissue as targets
        date: 2020-06-01
       words: 4082
      flesch: 39
     summary: Figure 2C also shows the SARS-CoV-2 infection-related sensitive organs which can explain about the non-respiratory symptoms identified in COVID-19 patients . Pinto et al. (2020) also declared that ACE2 expression is enhanced in the lungs of COVID-19 patients with comorbidities.
    keywords: ace2; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; et al; infection; patients; sars
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        item: #975 of 5187
          id: cord-268645-5op2m7pu
      author: Wu, Zhiqiang
       title: Deciphering the bat virome catalog to better understand the ecological diversity of bat viruses and the bat origin of emerging infectious diseases
        date: 2015-08-11
       words: 5953
      flesch: 40
     summary: key: cord-268645-5op2m7pu authors: Wu, Zhiqiang; Yang, Li; Ren, Xianwen; He, Guimei; Zhang, Junpeng; Yang, Jian; Qian, Zhaohui; Dong, Jie; Sun, Lilian; Zhu, Yafang; Du, Jiang; Yang, Fan; Zhang, Shuyi; Jin, Qi title: Deciphering the bat virome catalog to better understand the ecological diversity of bat viruses and the bat origin of emerging infectious diseases date: 2015-08-11 journal: The ISME Journal DOI: 10.1038/ismej.2015.138 sha: doc_id: 268645 cord_uid: 5op2m7pu Studies have demonstrated that ~60%–80% of emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) in humans originated from wild life. In conclusion, the understanding of the viral community characteristics, genetics and ecological distribution of bat viruses could enable the rapid identification of novel viruses with variant genomes and could thus facilitate the tracing of EIDs in bats.
    keywords: bat; bats; covs; et al; figure; human; novel; reads; samples; sars; species; table; viruses
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        item: #976 of 5187
          id: cord-268653-mje0rysp
      author: Chen, Miaomiao
       title: Changes in physiology and immune system during pregnancy and coronavirus infection: a review
        date: 2020-10-16
       words: 2924
      flesch: 40
     summary: The COVID-19 Risk Communication Package For Healthcare Facilities Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia COVID-19: what is next for public health? Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in pregnant women: A report based on 116 cases Pneumonia during pregnancy Safe delivery for pregnancies affected by COVID-19 Static compliance before and after vaginal delivery Physiological changes in pregnancy Should the Functional Residual Capacity be Ignored Respiratory physiology in pregnancy Respiratory physiologic changes in pregnancy Effects of human pregnancy on the ventilatory chemoreflex response to carbon dioxide Global, regional, and national trends in haemoglobin concentration and prevalence of total and severe anaemia in children and pregnant and non-pregnant women for 1995-2011: a systematic analysis of population-representative data Pregnancy and infection Regulation of immunity and inflammation by hypoxia in immunological niches Nutrition and maternal mortality in the developing world A Red Carpet for Iron Metabolism Iron and immunity: a double-edged sword A systematic analysis of global anemia burden from 1990 to 2010 The role of Toll-like receptors during pregnancy Regulation of type I interferon responses Twist mediates suppression of inflammation by type I IFNs and Axl Type I Interferon Regulates the Placental Inflammatory Response to Bacteria and is Targeted by Virus: Mechanism of Polymicrobial Infection-Induced Preterm Birth Lowering the threshold of lung innate immune cell activation alters susceptibility to secondary bacterial superinfection The role of infection in preterm labour and birth Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection During Pregnancy: A Report of 5 Cases From Saudi Arabia Coronavirus in pregnancy and delivery: rapid review SARS during pregnancy, United States
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; infection; inflammatory; pneumonia; pregnancy; sars; women
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        item: #977 of 5187
          id: cord-268661-a56u5e2o
      author: Nadeau, S. A.
       title: The origin and early spread of SARS-CoV-2 in Europe
        date: 2020-06-12
       words: 5410
      flesch: 50
     summary: We see that under sustained risk of case migration from Hubei, isolated cases were confirmed throughout Europe beginning in late January 2020 but did not immediately cause large outbreaks. Finally, before the first border closures in Europe, we estimate the risk of new cases arising from within-region transmission to be within the estimated range for the risk of new migration cases.
    keywords: cases; europe; hubei; migration; region; sars; sequences; transmission
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        item: #978 of 5187
          id: cord-268718-tt07cwrf
      author: Tan, Heng Wee
       title: Angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2: The old door for new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection
        date: 2020-06-30
       words: 6373
      flesch: 41
     summary: So far, three CoVs (HCoV-NL63, SARS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2) have shown to utilize human ACE2 receptor. The known and suspected hosts of human coronaviruses that utilized human ACE2 receptors (HCoV-NL63, SARS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2) are shown.
    keywords: ace2; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; covid-19; covs; enzyme; expression; host; human; patients; protein; receptor; sars; spike
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        item: #979 of 5187
          id: cord-268740-ldz5366v
      author: Sun, Mei
       title: Anal swab as the potentially optimal specimen for SARS-CoV-2 detection to evaluate the hospital discharge of COVID-19 patients
        date: 2020-08-14
       words: 2397
      flesch: 39
     summary: Coronavirus pathogenesis Genomic characterization and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): the epidemic and the challenges Clinical, laboratory and imaging features of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis High proportion of asymptomatic and presymptomatic COVID-19 infections in travelers and returning residents to Brunei Quadruple therapy for asymptomatic COVID-19 infection patients SARS-CoV-2 asymptomatic and symptomatic patients and risk for transfusion transmission National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China Detection and analysis of nucleic acid in various biological samples of COVID-19 patients Molecular and serological investigation of 2019-nCoV infected patients: implication of multiple shedding routes Positive RT-PCR Test Results in Patients Recovered From COVID-19 RT-PCR) test results in four health professionals discharged from hospitalization or quarantine after two negative RT-PCR test results and resolution of clinical COVID-19 infection Methodology for Sputum Induction and Laboratory Processing Potential preanalytical and analytical vulnerabilities in the laboratory diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Gemelli-pediatric COVID-19 team. Future microbiology DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2020-0090 sha: doc_id: 268740 cord_uid: ldz5366v Since December 2019, an outbreak of SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) began in Wuhan, and has rapidly spread worldwide.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; detection; patients; sars; swabs
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        item: #980 of 5187
          id: cord-268750-kox3uah2
      author: Wong, S. F.
       title: Measures to Prevent Healtcare Workers from Contracting Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome During High-Risk Surgical Procedures
        date: 2004-01-08
       words: 1585
      flesch: 52
     summary: Although the CDC provided guidelines for the prevention and control of SARS infection on 6 May 2003 [4] , those guidelines have, to the best of our knowledge, never been tested for the procedure described here. Maternal SARS infection was clearly labeled on the laboratory forms.
    keywords: hcws; operating; operation; sars; theatre
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        item: #981 of 5187
          id: cord-268755-13xmmin1
      author: Meltzer, Martin I.
       title: Multiple Contact Dates and SARS Incubation Periods
        date: 2004-02-17
       words: 1522
      flesch: 43
     summary: I used published data reporting possible incubation periods for 17 patients (6,7) plus data from two casepatients in an unpublished database maintained at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). key: cord-268755-13xmmin1 authors: Meltzer, Martin I. title: Multiple Contact Dates and SARS Incubation Periods date: 2004-02-17 journal: Emerg Infect Dis DOI: 10.3201/eid1002.030426 sha: doc_id: 268755 cord_uid: 13xmmin1 Many severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) patients have multiple possible incubation periods due to multiple contact dates.
    keywords: incubation; periods; sars
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        item: #982 of 5187
          id: cord-268760-31i0mpvn
      author: Zhang, Qian
       title: Anosmia and Ageusia as the Only Indicators of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
        date: 2020-05-01
       words: 2112
      flesch: 51
     summary: What are the symptoms of COVID-19 There's an unexpected loss of smell and taste in coronavirus patients Neurological manifestations of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective case series study Anosmia and ageusia: common findings in COVID-19 patients Isolated sudden onset anosmia in COVID-19 infection. Symptoms of COVID-19 patients range widely from fever, respiratory symptoms, to newly reported findings of anosmia and ageusia from South Korea, Italy, and France.
    keywords: ageusia; anosmia; covid-19; patients; symptoms
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        item: #983 of 5187
          id: cord-268795-tjmx6msm
      author: Sardar, Rahila
       title: Comparative analyses of SAR-CoV2 genomes from different geographical locations and other coronavirus family genomes reveals unique features potentially consequential to host-virus interaction and pathogenesis
        date: 2020-03-21
       words: 2258
      flesch: 40
     summary: As a host defense mechanism, a repertoire of host miRNAs also target invading viruses. To predict host miRNAs targeting the virus, we collected a list of experimentally verified antiviral miRNAs with their targets from VIRmiRNA database (11) .
    keywords: analysis; coronavirus; cov2; genomes; host; mirnas; sars
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        item: #984 of 5187
          id: cord-268809-plgip4h6
      author: Bielecki, Michel
       title: Social distancing alters the clinical course of COVID-19 in young adults: A comparative cohort study
        date: 2020-06-29
       words: 2610
      flesch: 46
     summary: A prospective contact-tracing study Exploration of the effectiveness of social distancing on respiratory pathogen transmission implicates environmental contributions Simulation suggests that rapid activation of social distancing can arrest epidemic development due to a novel strain of influenza Risk factors for SARS infection among hospital healthcare workers in Beijing: a case control study Handwashing and respiratory illness among young adults in military training1 1The full text of this article is available via AJPM Online at www.elsevier.com/locate/ajpmonline Physical interventions to interrupt or reduce the spread of respiratory viruses Assessing the airborne survival of bacteria in populations of aerosol droplets with a novel technology A new transmission route for the propagation of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster Surface Environmental, and Personal Protective Equipment Contamination by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) From a Symptomatic Patient Initial viral load and the outcomes of SARS Short term outcome and risk factors for adverse clinical outcomes in adults with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) The Incubation Period of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) From Publicly Reported Confirmed Cases: Estimation and Application Impact assessment of non-pharmaceutical interventions against coronavirus disease 2019 and influenza in Hong Kong: an observational study The effect of control strategies to reduce social mixing on outcomes of the COVID-19 epidemic in Wuhan, China: a modelling study Temporal dynamics in viral shedding and transmissibility of COVID-19 Follow-up of asymptomatic patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection Estimating the asymptomatic proportion of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases on board the Diamond Princess cruise ship The contribution of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections to transmission-a model-based analysis of the Diamond Princess outbreak Asymptomatic and Presymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infections in Residents of a Long-Term Care Skilled Nursing Facility Asymptomatic cases in a family cluster with SARS-CoV-2 infection Herd immunity -estimating the level required to halt the COVID-19 epidemics in affected countries Repeated seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in While both groups show evidence of infection, the rate of symptomatic COVID-19 amongst the infected soldiers differed significantly amongst the two groups and was much lower in the cohort where infection happened after the implementation of these measures.
    keywords: covid-19; p t
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        item: #985 of 5187
          id: cord-268817-wx96wwpg
      author: Karp, Donna Grace
       title: Sensitive and Specific Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies Using a High-Throughput, Fully Automated Liquid-Handling Robotic System
        date: 2020-08-20
       words: 3619
      flesch: 42
     summary: Here, we present an ultrasensitive and high-throughput automated liquid biopsy assay based on the Hamilton Microlab ADAP STAR automated liquid-handling platform, which was developed and validated for the qualitative detection of total antibodies against spike protein 1 (S1) of SARS-CoV-2 that uses as little as 4 µL of serum. The S1 protein is a high-quality antigen in that it shares less homology with other coronaviruses (~64% with S1 protein from SARS 2003), 11 whereas the nucleocapsid (N) protein shares extremely high homology (~91% with SARS 2003).
    keywords: adap; antibodies; antibody; assay; cov-2; covid-19; sars; specimens; total
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        item: #986 of 5187
          id: cord-268827-qwcbvtna
      author: Ibanez, Agustin
       title: COVID-19 in older people with cognitive impairment in Latin America
        date: 2020-08-18
       words: 1469
      flesch: 45
     summary: The situation with professional health workers provides little solace. Other explanations point to economic inequality and inadequate public health systems 4 but fail to men tion the near absence of long-term care facilities and programmes for the cog ni tively impaired.
    keywords: covid-19; health; sars; synuclein
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        item: #987 of 5187
          id: cord-268874-ldja6aa4
      author: Park, Sun Hee
       title: Personal Protective Equipment for Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic
        date: 2020-06-24
       words: 6755
      flesch: 41
     summary: To protect HCWs against the splash/ spray of blood or bodily fluids as well as airborne particles (i.e., during an operation on a patient with COVID-19), surgical respirators with fluid resistance properties should be used [49] . Conventionally, respiratory transmission is classified as either droplet or airborne transmission
    keywords: covid-19; gowns; hcws; healthcare; masks; n95; ppe; protection; respirators; sars; transmission; use; virus
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        item: #988 of 5187
          id: cord-268886-mpceglk1
      author: Bourne, T.
       title: ISUOG Consensus Statement on rationalization of gynecological ultrasound services in context of SARS‐CoV‐2
        date: 2020-04-08
       words: 3088
      flesch: 42
     summary: While the provision of ultrasound is an essential service and all individuals with gynecological complaints deserve high-quality investigation, the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic warrants triaging of referrals for gynecological ultrasound assessment. If there is suspicion of a procedure-related complication (e.g. perforation) or the patient experiences an adverse event post-procedure, such as after placement of an intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) (e.g. severe pain, bleeding, infection), gynecological ultrasound should be offered immediately.
    keywords: covid-19; evaluation; ovarian; pandemic; patients; symptoms; ultrasound
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        item: #989 of 5187
          id: cord-268894-amfv3z2y
      author: Nguyen-Contant, Phuong
       title: S protein-reactive IgG and memory B cell production after human SARS-CoV-2 infection includes broad reactivity to the S2 subunit
        date: 2020-07-21
       words: 4676
      flesch: 45
     summary: Our key findings are as follows: (i) the presence of IgG 223 reactive to the S2 subunit of SARS-CoV-2 in most unexposed subjects, likely reflecting cross-224 reactivity to HCoVs, (ii) markedly increased levels of IgG against the SARS-CoV-2 S and N 225 proteins, including reactivity to the RBD and S2 subunit of S, in convalescent subjects, (iii) 226 increased IgG binding to the S protein of the OC43 HCoV, but not 229E HCoV, in convalescent 227 subjects, reflecting greater cross-reactivity between S2 subunits of betacoronaviruses, (iv) strong 228 formation of IgG MBCs reactive with the RBD and S2 subunit of the SARS-CoV-2 S protein in 229 convalescent subjects, and (v) formation of IgG MBCs reactive with the S protein of OC43, but 230 not 229E, in convalescent subjects, consistent with S2 subunit cross-reactivity between 231 Approximately one-third of our cohort of non-SARS-CoV-2-exposed subjects had low 233 levels of IgG against the SARS-CoV-2 S and N proteins. (D) Comparison of serum 533 IgG concentrations (upper panels) and IgG MBC numbers CoV-2 S (left-hand side) and N (right-hand side) proteins.
    keywords: cov-2; igg; infection; mbcs; rbd; sars; subjects
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        item: #990 of 5187
          id: cord-268895-m97zsodx
      author: Duan, Ping
       title: Safety considerations during return to work in the context of stable COVID-19 epidemic control: an analysis of health screening results of all returned staff from a hospital
        date: 2020-09-18
       words: 3219
      flesch: 40
     summary: After reexamination and evaluation, four were at high risk (asymptomatic infections) and were scheduled to transfer to a designated hospital, and three were at low risk (infectivity could not be determined) and were scheduled for home isolation observation. Asymptomatic infections are a major risk factor for returning to work.
    keywords: asymptomatic; cov-2; covid-19; examination; infections; results; sars
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        item: #991 of 5187
          id: cord-268935-4obwu75u
      author: Lepak, Alexander J.
       title: Implementation of infection control measures to prevent healthcare-associated transmission of severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
        date: 2020-10-12
       words: 969
      flesch: 36
     summary: key: cord-268935-4obwu75u authors: Lepak, Alexander J.; Shirley, Daniel K.; Buys, Ashley; Stevens, Linda; Safdar, Nasia title: Implementation of infection control measures to prevent healthcare-associated transmission of severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) date: 2020-10-12 journal: Infection control and hospital epidemiology DOI: 10.1017/ice.2020.1262 sha: doc_id: 268935 cord_uid: 4obwu75u Care of SARS-CoV-2-positive patients in healthcare institutions is challenging because of potential risk of transmission to other vulnerable patients. We describe infection control measures which were associated with no instances of hospital transmission.
    keywords: inpatient; patients; testing
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        item: #992 of 5187
          id: cord-268939-ws74xprt
      author: Ozoner, Baris
       title: Neurosurgery Practice During Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic
        date: 2020-05-28
       words: 5145
      flesch: 41
     summary: Screening is crucial in all patients since the surgical outcome is highly mortal in COVID-19 patients. In this way, hub hospitals are available to manage neurosurgical emergencies, whereas spoke hospitals concentrate on COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: cases; china; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; level; medical; neurosurgery; pandemic; patients; practice; sars
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        item: #993 of 5187
          id: cord-268970-uz7q6z2f
      author: Ott, Isabel M.
       title: Simply saliva: stability of SARS-CoV-2 detection negates the need for expensive collection devices
        date: 2020-08-04
       words: 2794
      flesch: 48
     summary: Prior work from saliva samples, however, has indicated that some buffers optimized for host nucleic acid stabilization may actually inhibit viral RNA detection, 4-6 particularly in extraction-free PCR workflows. To explore the viability of broadly deploying affordable saliva-based surveillance approaches 8 , we characterized SARS-CoV-2 RNA stability and virus infectivity from saliva samples stored in widely available, sterile, nuclease-free laboratory plastic (polypropylene) tubes.
    keywords: cov-2; preprint; rna; saliva; sars; testing
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        item: #994 of 5187
          id: cord-269001-m4mpcoab
      author: Zullo, Fabrizio
       title: COVID-19 Antibody Testing in Pregnancy
        date: 2020-05-18
       words: 587
      flesch: 33
     summary: 1, 2 Almost all patients with COVID-19 infection test positive for 23 antiviral immunoglobulin-G (IgG) within about 10-20 days after symptom onset (Figure 1 ), but the 24 clinical value of antibody testing has not yet been completely elucidated, either in non-pregnant or 25 even more pregnant patients. In summary, we recommend testing for antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 for pregnant women Clinical course of severe and critical COVID-19 in hospitalized pregnancies: a 95 US cohort study COVID-19 infection among asymptomatic and symptomatic pregnant women: 101 Two weeks of confirmed presentations to an affiliated pair of New York City hospitals Interpreting Diagnostic Tests for SARS-CoV-2 Diagnostic value 106 and dynamic variance of serum antibody in coronavirus disease 2019 Development and Clinical Application of A Rapid IgM-IgG Combined Antibody 111 Test for SARS-CoV-2 Infection Diagnosis Privileges and Immunity Certification During the COVID-19
    keywords: antibody; women
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        item: #995 of 5187
          id: cord-269009-0i2bvt77
      author: D’Souza, Rohan
       title: A critical review of the pathophysiology of thrombotic complications and clinical practice recommendations for thromboprophylaxis in pregnant patients with COVID‐19
        date: 2020-08-05
       words: 3302
      flesch: 28
     summary: The origin of the very elevated D-dimer levels in COVID-19 patients may at least in part be the pneumocytes, which can produce urokinase. COVID-19 patients have a higher thromboembolic risk, which is further increased by the pregnancy and postpartum situation.
    keywords: coagulation; covid-19; patients; pregnancy; pulmonary; risk; thromboprophylaxis; vte; women
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        item: #996 of 5187
          id: cord-269021-juh2qkm0
      author: Bai, Zhihua
       title: The Rapid Assessment and Early Warning Models for COVID-19
        date: 2020-04-01
       words: 4607
      flesch: 37
     summary: The most classic infectious disease prediction and early warning models are the susceptible-infectious-recovered (SIR), susceptible-infectious-susceptible (SIS) and susceptible-infectious-recoverd-susceptible (SIRS) models. The establishment of a comprehensive assessment model, and the use of model analysis prediction, is very efficient for the early warning of infectious diseases.
    keywords: cases; cov-2; data; epidemic; et al; model; outbreak; sars; transmission
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        item: #997 of 5187
          id: cord-269025-2j37561h
      author: Pratelli, Annamaria
       title: Canine coronavirus inactivation with physical and chemical agents
        date: 2007-05-21
       words: 6160
      flesch: 40
     summary: When incubated at +37°C for 24 h, virus infectivity was scarcely affected by pH 6.5 but when kept at +4°C for the same length of time, it remained unchanged between pH 5.0 and 8.0. Germicidal ultra-violet (UV–C) light exposure demonstrated no significant effects on virus inactivation for up to 3 days.
    keywords: ccov; coronavirus; et al; glutaraldehyde; infectivity; min; tcid; virus
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        item: #998 of 5187
          id: cord-269045-i7vijtol
      author: Martínez‐Murcia, A.
       title: Comparative in silico design and validation of GPS™ CoVID‐19 dtec‐RT‐qPCR test
        date: 2020-07-29
       words: 3902
      flesch: 47
     summary: The phylogenetic relationships of selected SARS-CoV-2 genomes and other betacoronavirus as SARS-CoV, Bat SARS-like-CoV, Bat-CoV and Pangolin-CoV are shown in Fig. Chan et al. 2020 CoVID-19 dtec-RT-qPCR Test, respect to the SARS-CoV-2 and selected sequences of Bat SARS-like-CoV, SARS-CoV, Bat-CoV and Pangolin-CoV is shown in Fig.
    keywords: bat; cov; cov-2; gps; qpcr; sars
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        item: #999 of 5187
          id: cord-269071-jbxbknyt
      author: Giorgianni, Andrea
       title: Transient acute-onset tetraparesis in a COVID-19 patient
        date: 2020-06-02
       words: 786
      flesch: 37
     summary: As described in this case, the neuroinvasive and neurotrophic potential of SARS-CoV-2 could have a synergistic and promoter role in determining neuro-irritative and neuro-shocking effects, without necessarily causing neuroimaging evident organic damage. In addition, the endothelial ruptures in cerebral capillaries, due to the endotheliitis process, can contribute to the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 brain damage [3] .
    keywords: acute; cov-2; sars
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        item: #1000 of 5187
          id: cord-269087-f9hyntvf
      author: Li, X.
       title: A Mini Review on Current Clinical and Research Findings for Children Suffering from COVID-19
        date: 2020-04-04
       words: 4282
      flesch: 45
     summary: Yet, in more general, infectious diseases often tend to behave less aggressively in child patients. A single child patient passed away; for other child patients, progression of the disease was observed as mild [9, 10] .
    keywords: cases; children; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; diagnosis; infection; patients; sars
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        item: #1001 of 5187
          id: cord-269101-7altkx5u
      author: Jakhmola Mani, Ruchi
       title: Deciphering underlying mechanism of Sars-CoV-2 infection in humans and revealing the therapeutic potential of bioactive constituents from Nigella sativa to combat COVID19: in-silico study
        date: 2020-10-28
       words: 4941
      flesch: 42
     summary: Since ACE2 is a target site for SARS-CoV-2 therefore a network was generated around this protein to depict a disease network and N. sativa constituents was used as a treatment network. On the other end, N. sativa constituents collectively were also targeting these as well other families such as Nuclear receptors, Cytochrome P450, Oxidoreductases, Erasers, Lyases, Enzymes, Family A G protein coupled receptors, calcium signaling pathways, Circadian pathways, Foxo pathway etc.
    keywords: ace2; constituents; cov-2; covid-19; network; protein; receptor; sars; sativa; study
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        item: #1002 of 5187
          id: cord-269114-mdsiv6tr
      author: Pattabiraman, C.
       title: Genomic epidemiology reveals multiple introductions and spread of SARS-CoV-2 in the Indian state of Karnataka
        date: 2020-07-11
       words: 3144
      flesch: 55
     summary: Genomic analysis of COVID-19 spread Data, disease and diplomacy: GISAID's innovative contribution to global health Phylodynamic Analysis | 176 genomes Spread of SARS-CoV-2 in the Icelandic population Genomic Epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in Guangdong Province, China Coast-to-Coast Spread of SARS-CoV-2 during the Early Epidemic in the United States Cryptic transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Washington State Laboratory surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 in India: Performance of testing & descriptive epidemiology of detected COVID-19 Full-genome sequences of the first two SARS-CoV-2 viruses from India Genomic analysis of SARS-CoV-2 strains among Indians returning from Italy, Iran & China, & Italian tourists in India A distinct phylogenetic cluster of Indian SARS-CoV-2 isolates Analysis of RNA sequences of 3636 SARS-CoV-2 collected from 55 countries reveals selective sweep of one virus type nCoV-2019 sequencing protocol v2 V.2. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.10.20150045 doi: medRxiv preprint COVID19 by January 30, 2020 and sustained local transmission was observed in multiple states including Delhi, Maharashtra, and Gujarat 12 .
    keywords: cov-2; india; medrxiv; preprint; sars; state
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        item: #1003 of 5187
          id: cord-269130-zsem29ss
      author: Lingappan, K.
       title: Understanding the age divide in COVID-19: why are children overwhelmingly spared?
        date: 2020-07-01
       words: 3124
      flesch: 34
     summary: Adult murine lungs had significantly lower IL-10 and IL-13 levels before infection than young murine lungs and produced high levels of proinflammatory mediators leading to macrophage and neutrophil infiltration and activation (25) . On the other hand, the heightened immune response to the virus in many adult patients can lead to the worsening of lung disease with SARS-CoV-2 infection (37) .
    keywords: adults; children; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; infection; lung; sars
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        item: #1004 of 5187
          id: cord-269143-8j3m03gc
      author: Brindisi, Giulia
       title: Pills to think about in allergic rhinitis children during COVID‐19 era
        date: 2020-07-05
       words: 632
      flesch: 38
     summary: So far, we do not have data demonstrating a higher risk in the development of Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) in allergic children, except for those with uncontrolled symptoms. Instead it can be continued, as usual, in allergic children without clinical symptoms of COVID-19 and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review Association of Respiratory Allergy, Asthma and Expression of the SARS-CoV-2 Receptor, ACE2 Olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions as a clinical presentation of mild-to-moderate forms of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a multicenter European study Intranasal corticosteroids in allergic rhinitis in COVID-19 infected patients: An ARIA-EAACI statement Handling of allergen immunotherapy in the COVID-19 pandemic: An ARIA-EAACI statement
    keywords: children; covid-19
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        item: #1005 of 5187
          id: cord-269187-lt0uo7q3
      author: Saha, Indrajit
       title: Genome-wide analysis of Indian SARS-CoV-2 genomes for the identification of genetic mutation and SNP
        date: 2020-07-11
       words: 2306
      flesch: 51
     summary: Further, it has been classified into three groups (a) cluster of mutation points if the mutation appears more than two times in consecutive genomic positions (b) point mutations as substitution, deletion and insertion that are not present in clusters (c) Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) that appeared more than 1% of the population of SARS-CoV-2 used in our study. In this section, we have discussed the source of data or genomic sequence of virus and methods used in systemic way to accomplish this task of finding mutation points as substitution, deletion, insertion as well as SNPs.
    keywords: cov-2; mutation; sars; sequence; substitution; virus
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        item: #1006 of 5187
          id: cord-269202-re2djjrc
      author: Sapino, Anna
       title: The autopsy debate during the COVID-19 emergency: the Italian experience
        date: 2020-04-29
       words: 1142
      flesch: 40
     summary: We acknowledged that safety of operators must be the main goal to confront with, and we defined the criteria to perform the post-mortem studies in suspect, probable, or confirmed COVID-19 cases Apart from suspect, probable, or confirmed COVID-19 cases, autopsies might be requested for patients not suspected to be SARS-Cov2 positive.
    keywords: autopsy; cases; covid-19; sars
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        item: #1007 of 5187
          id: cord-269206-160ddfsc
      author: Ceylan, Rahmiye Figen
       title: Historical evidence for economic effects of COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-04
       words: 4555
      flesch: 49
     summary: key: cord-269206-160ddfsc authors: Ceylan, Rahmiye Figen; Ozkan, Burhan; Mulazimogullari, Esra title: Historical evidence for economic effects of COVID-19 date: 2020-06-04 journal: Thus, discussing economic effects of previous global and regional epidemics is considered beneficial.
    keywords: consumption; covid-19; demand; effects; flu; impact; income; labour; loss; services
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        item: #1008 of 5187
          id: cord-269213-tsm6zoe3
      author: Slaughter, Laura
       title: A framework for capturing the interactions between laypersons’ understanding of disease, information gathering behaviors, and actions taken during an epidemic
        date: 2005-01-30
       words: 8442
      flesch: 49
     summary: Within the domain of health information seeking, the models that relate to a gap in knowledge alone were found to be insufficient because they focus exclusively on rational processes. Case report On user studies and information needs Communication for health and behavior change: A developing country perspective Question-negotiation and information seeking in libraries Ask for information retrieval Models in information behaviour research EMR: Re-engineering the organization of health information Reasoning about childhood nutritional deficiencies by mothers in rural India:
    keywords: actions; analysis; data; epidemic; events; information; narrative; outbreak; participants; people; sars; time; understanding
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        item: #1009 of 5187
          id: cord-269234-8twdx4g2
      author: Koyama, Takahiko
       title: Variant analysis of SARS-CoV-2 genomes
        date: 2020-07-01
       words: 4026
      flesch: 61
     summary: Métodos Entre el 1 de febrero y el 1 de mayo de 2020, se registraron 10 022 genomas del CoV-2 del SARS en cuatro bases de datos. K529E E554D T573I T572I E583D Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 genomes Takahiko Koyama et al. 14 other variants besides D614G. Almost all strains with D614G mutation also have a mutation in the protein responsible for replication (ORF1ab P4715L; RdRp P323L), which might affect replication speed of the virus.
    keywords: analysis; china; clades; coronavirus; cov-2; d614; deletions; frame; genome; mutations; protein; samples; sars; spike; variants
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        item: #1010 of 5187
          id: cord-269275-b7xxk48t
      author: Tang, Xiaojia
       title: Neurological manifestations in COVID-19 and its possible mechanism
        date: 2020-09-27
       words: 4640
      flesch: 39
     summary: Four formal reports have described neurological problems in SARS patients, including polyneuropathy The symptoms of hypoxia in COVID-19 patients are very obvious, and critical patients need ventilator support.
    keywords: acute; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; human; infection; novel; patients; rhabdomyolysis; sars; syndrome; system
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        item: #1011 of 5187
          id: cord-269283-jm18lj5t
      author: Uddin, Md Bashir
       title: Ancestral origin, antigenic resemblance and epidemiological insights of novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2): Global burden and Bangladesh perspective
        date: 2020-07-01
       words: 2746
      flesch: 43
     summary: Immunogenicity and epitope conservancy analyses of coronavirus proteins were performed to determine the potential B-cell epitopes that would interact efficiently with B lymphocytes to initiate the immune response against specific viral pathogens The cross-checked conservancy analysis of SARS-CoV-2 antigenic epitopes showed significant conservancy with antigenic epitopes derived from SARS-CoV.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; novel; proteins; sars
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        item: #1012 of 5187
          id: cord-269289-6uog10j4
      author: Mabillard, Holly
       title: Electrolyte Disturbances in SARS-CoV-2 Infection
        date: 2020-07-22
       words: 5686
      flesch: 37
     summary: Common symptoms include fever (43% of patients), cough (50%) and dyspnoea (29%) but other features such as myalgia (36%), diarrhoea (19%), anosmia and hypogeusia (10%) are also common 1 . The most frequent serious manifestation of infection is pneumonia with 15% of patients developing serious manifestations such as hypoxia, dyspnoea, extensive pulmonary involvement and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) 2-5 .
    keywords: cov-2; disease; hypokalaemia; infection; patients; potassium; renal; sars; sodium
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        item: #1013 of 5187
          id: cord-269377-ylgyvxtd
      author: Matos, Ana R.
       title: COVID-19 Associated Central Nervous System Vasculopathy
        date: 2020-06-02
       words: 943
      flesch: 27
     summary: ARM: acquisition of data, clinical data review, literature review, and final manuscript writing; MQ-N: acquisition of data, imaging data review, literature review, and final manuscript writing; AIO: clinical data review, acquisition of data, and literature review; LD: clinical data review, and literature review; SM: clinical data review, acquisition of data, and literature review; RC: acquisition of data and imaging data review; JNA: clinical data review, literature review and final manuscript writing. Primary angiitis of the central nervous system was also considered, but the absence of obvious large vessel irregularities, normal CSF cellular count, and concomitant SARS-CoV-2 infection led us consider a COVID-19-related vasculopathy as the most probable diagnosis, potentially induced by misdirected immune mediated-vasoconstriction of medium-/ small-sized arteries; we believe this represents a new imaging presentation of a SARS-CoV-2-related complication.
    keywords: cov-2; data; review; sars
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        item: #1014 of 5187
          id: cord-269383-1tyorrb0
      author: Lai, Christopher K C
       title: Prospective study comparing deep-throat saliva with other respiratory tract specimens in the diagnosis of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19)
        date: 2020-08-01
       words: 2848
      flesch: 50
     summary: They found that 6/58 (10.3%) of saliva specimens were falsely negative. We suggest DTS to be differentiated from saliva specimens collected from anterior buccal cavity, or those collected by the -drooling technique‖ where saliva was collected intraorally with the use of a pipette [26] .
    keywords: dts; patients; saliva; sars; specimens; sputum; throat
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        item: #1015 of 5187
          id: cord-269408-6qncy0nd
      author: Khonyongwa, Kirstin
       title: Incidence and outcomes of healthcare-associated COVID-19 infections: significance of delayed diagnosis and correlation with staff absence
        date: 2020-10-13
       words: 4132
      flesch: 48
     summary: Early diagnosis and isolation of COVID-19 patients would help reduce transmission. Cohort areas were segregated by at least a passageway and the beds allocated to COVID-19 patients clearly signposted as the cohort area.
    keywords: cases; covid-19; hospital; incidence; patients; rna; sars; staff; study
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        item: #1016 of 5187
          id: cord-269454-9gthf2jl
      author: Kulkarni, Rajesh
       title: Early-onset symptomatic neonatal COVID-19 infection with high probability of vertical transmission
        date: 2020-08-02
       words: 1780
      flesch: 54
     summary: Vertical transmission has been proven in only a couple of cases so far. We describe early—onset, severe COVID-19 disease in a neonate with very strong evidence of vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: baby; day; sars; transmission
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        item: #1017 of 5187
          id: cord-269465-3fdjqnhb
      author: Leth-Larsen, Rikke
       title: The SARS coronavirus spike glycoprotein is selectively recognized by lung surfactant protein D and activates macrophages
        date: 2007-05-15
       words: 7178
      flesch: 53
     summary: After washing, bound proteins were eluted with imidazole following the manufacturer's instructions. Bound proteins were eluted with imidazole.
    keywords: binding; cells; macrophages; protein; sars
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        item: #1018 of 5187
          id: cord-269470-emzr3dzb
      author: Menéndez, Cintia A.
       title: Molecular characterization of ebselen binding activity to SARS-CoV-2 main protease
        date: 2020-09-11
       words: 4736
      flesch: 47
     summary: Second, we evaluate the role of different binding sites on molecular stiffness and molecular strain. Figure 3C shows that the strain is primarily localized at the two loops flanking the catalytic site (44-52 and 185-201 loops), as well as a loop in catalytic site (residues 22 to 25).
    keywords: binding; catalytic; domains; ebselen; iii; pro; protein; site; water
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        item: #1019 of 5187
          id: cord-269474-94c1mudi
      author: Nasef, Nehad
       title: Lessons from SARS: A retrospective study of outpatient care during an infectious disease outbreak
        date: 2010-07-20
       words: 3171
      flesch: 48
     summary: Charts for all infants enrolled in the program during the SARS outbreak (SARS group) were reviewed for the accuracy of developmental assessment for the period before, during and after the SARS containment period. SARS group infants were identified as those whose NNFU appointments were planned but subsequently cancelled during the period of April and May 2003 due to SARS.
    keywords: assessment; developmental; group; infants; non; sars
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        item: #1020 of 5187
          id: cord-269488-7fy6exsd
      author: Zhen, Wei
       title: Development of a New Multiplex Real Time RT-PCR Assay for SARS-CoV-2 Detection
        date: 2020-09-19
       words: 1423
      flesch: 38
     summary: While there has been a trend toward dual-target design in commercial assays for the detection of this highly contagious pathogen (6, 10, 11) , occasional monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 sequences to verify that mutations have not developed in the region targeted by the NWHL LDT primers and probe is an adequate quality monitor to ensure continued consistent analytical performance. The final LOD of modified CDC assay was 1249±14 GE/mL in accordance with the result interpretation algorithm.
    keywords: assay; cdc; cov-2; nwhl; sars
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        item: #1021 of 5187
          id: cord-269496-tnw7sxlh
      author: Sen Gupta, Parth Sarthi
       title: Binding mechanism and structural insights into the identified protein target of COVID-19 and importin-α with in-vitro effective drug ivermectin
        date: 2020-10-28
       words: 4918
      flesch: 42
     summary: But the exact mechanism and the specific target which Ivermectin inhibits were not known. Importin-a targeting compound Ivermectin inhibits by binding to the NLS-binding site of Importin-a, precluding Importin-a/b1 heterodimer formation and subsequently its combination with coronavirus followed by transportation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus through the nuclear pore complex (Atkinson et al., 2018; King et al., 2020; Shechter et al., 2017; Wagstaff et al., 2011; Yang et al., 2020) .
    keywords: complex; et al; figure; helicase; importin; ivermectin; protein; rdrp; rna; sars; targets
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        item: #1022 of 5187
          id: cord-269519-8hr8wyrr
      author: Hirotsu, Yosuke
       title: Analysis of Covid-19 and non-Covid-19 viruses, including influenza viruses, to determine the influence of intensive preventive measures in Japan
        date: 2020-07-07
       words: 1599
      flesch: 48
     summary: key: cord-269519-8hr8wyrr authors: Hirotsu, Yosuke; Maejima, Makoto; Shibusawa, Masahiro; Amemiya, Kenji; Nagakubo, Yuki; Hosaka, Kazuhiro; Sueki, Hitomi; Mochizuki, Hitoshi; Tsutsui, Toshiharu; Kakizaki, Yumiko; Miyashita, Yoshihiro; Omata, Masao title: Analysis of Covid-19 and non-Covid-19 viruses, including influenza viruses, to determine the influence of intensive preventive measures in Japan date: 2020-07-07 journal: J Clin Virol DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104543 sha: doc_id: 269519 cord_uid: 8hr8wyrr BACKGROUND: Severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread and caused death worldwide. However, the extent to which SARS-CoV-2, influenza viruses and other causative viruses have prevailed since implementing preventive measures is unclear.
    keywords: cov-2; influenza; patients; sars; viruses
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        item: #1023 of 5187
          id: cord-269521-vq2m4c8q
      author: Lucchese, Guglielmo
       title: Molecular mimicry between SARS-CoV-2 and respiratory pacemaker neurons
        date: 2020-05-01
       words: 819
      flesch: 32
     summary: In the context of this peptide sharing between the preBötc, and SARS-CoV-2, it appears possible that immunological targeting of DAB1, AIFM1, and SURF1 might contribute to brainstem-related respiratory failure in COVID-19 patients and that a therapeutic benefit might come from immunomodulatory agents. To test this hypothesis, sera and cerebrospinal fluid from COVID-19 patients suffering from respiratory distress and/or neurological symptoms might be examined for immunoreactivity against the shared protein sequences.
    keywords: covid-19; failure; sars
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        item: #1024 of 5187
          id: cord-269522-38dhwggn
      author: Hong, Xia
       title: Posttraumatic stress disorder in convalescent severe acute respiratory syndrome patients: a 4-year follow-up study()
        date: 2009-08-27
       words: 4280
      flesch: 53
     summary: Summary table of SARS cases by country Severe acute respiratory syndrome Hindsight: a reanalysis of the severe acute respiratory syndrome outbreak in Beijing Evaluation of control measures implemented in the severe acute respiratory syndrome outbreak on Beijing Posttraumatic stress disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey Twelve-month prevalence, severity, and unmet need for treatment of mental disorders in metropolitan China Longitudinal study of earthquake-related PTSD in a randomly selected community sample in north China An epidemiologic study of posttraumatic stress disorder in flood victims in Hunan China Prevalence and characteristics of trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder in female prisoners in China Quality of life in the anxiety disorders: a meta-analytic review Health disparities in military veterans with PTSD: influential sociocultural factors Dynamic changes of serum SARS-coronavirus IgG, pulmonary function and radiography in patients recovering from SARS after hospital discharge Factors of avascular necrosis of femoral head and osteoporosis in SARS patients' convalescence Quality of life and psychological status in survivors of severe acute respiratory syndrome at 3 months postdischarge Posttraumatic stress, anxiety, and depression in survivors of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Posttraumatic stress after SARS Stress and psychological distress among SARS survivors 1 year after the outbreak Adjustment outcomes in Chinese patients following one-month recovery from severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Psychological distress and negative appraisals in survivors of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Several studies suggest that SARS survivors still had elevated levels of general psychological distress 1, 3, 12 and 18 months after hospital discharge, but the rate of PTSD is unspecified in these studies [18]
    keywords: criteria; health; months; ptsd; sars; study; subjects; survivors; syndrome
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        item: #1025 of 5187
          id: cord-269526-3npk3u5t
      author: Dehghanbanadaki, Hojat
       title: Bibliometric analysis of global scientific research on Coronavirus (COVID-19)
        date: 2020-05-23
       words: 3315
      flesch: 39
     summary: The global distribution of COVID-19 documents is depicted in Figure 1 . In addition, Table 1 lists the first top 10 countries in the number of COVID-19 documents as well In addition, to illustrate the international collaboration between all 125 countries that published COVID-19 documents, we considered the countries with at least 5 documents (n = 32).
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; documents; repeats
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        item: #1026 of 5187
          id: cord-269537-h3lzl1un
      author: Banerjee, Aditi
       title: Crosstalk between endoplasmic reticulum stress and anti-viral activities: A novel therapeutic target for COVID-19
        date: 2020-05-23
       words: 2941
      flesch: 31
     summary: The Lancet Respiratory Medicine Pathology and pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Disease Pathogenesis ER stress activates the NLRP3 inflammasome via an UPR-independent pathway Coronavirus infection, ER stress, apoptosis and innate immunity Endoplasmic reticulum stress and IRE-1 signaling cause apoptosis in colon cancer cells in response to andrographolide treatment The Role of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Human Pathology Roles of endoplasmic reticulum stress in immune responses Insights Into the Role of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Infectious Diseases The emerging roles of viroporins in ER stress response and autophagy induction during virus infection Cell death and endoplasmic reticulum stress: disease relevance and therapeutic opportunities Reverse genetic characterization of the natural genomic deletion in SARS-Coronavirus strain Frankfurt-1 open reading frame 7b reveals an attenuating function of the 7b protein in-vitro and in-vivo Inhibitory effect of melatonin on lung oxidative stress induced by respiratory syncytial virus infection in mice Reactive Species in Viral Pneumonitis: Lessons From Animal Models Treatment of ebola and other infectious diseases: melatonin goes viral Melatonin induces anti-inflammatory effects via endoplasmic reticulum stress in RAW264.7 macrophages Melatonin modulates the autophagic response in acute liver failure induced by the rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus Inhibitory effect of melatonin on Mst1 ameliorates myocarditis through attenuating ER stress and mitochondrial dysfunction Andrographolide, a diterpene lactone from Andrographis paniculata and its therapeutic promises in cancer Andrographolide suppresses proliferation of human colon cancer SW620 cells through the TLR4/NF-κB/MMP-9 signaling pathway Alterations of protein folding in the ER due to physiological stress such as disturbances in redox, Ca ++ levels, glycosylation or other environmental elements cause accumulation of misfolded proteins leading to ER stress.
    keywords: andrographolide; anti; cells; covid-19; infection; melatonin; sars; stress; virus
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        item: #1027 of 5187
          id: cord-269553-d3hozs14
      author: Khan, Suliman
       title: The spread of novel coronavirus has created an alarming situation worldwide
        date: 2020-04-30
       words: 1492
      flesch: 44
     summary: According to Danmeng and Jia (2020), the total number of health workers infected are twice (more than 3000) as reported by the Chinese Government. In the current scenario of the outbreak in Wuhan, healthcare workers are at the highest risk of contracting an infection.
    keywords: health; individuals; infection; workers
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        item: #1028 of 5187
          id: cord-269555-29t956ik
      author: Zaconeta, Alberto
       title: Letter to the editor“SARS-CoV-2: What prevents this highly contagious virus from reaching the fetus?”
        date: 2020-09-22
       words: 187
      flesch: 15
     summary: Wang Factors preventing 55 materno-fetal transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in 58 different types of clinical specimens Clinical features of patients 61 infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan SARS-CoV-2 RNA detected in blood samples from patients with COVID-19 is not 65 associated with infectious virus The trinity of COVID-19: immunity, 68 inflammation and intervention Building on 39 their masterful analysis, we would like to extend the discussion to another important risk factor 40 for vertical transmission, namely viral load in blood.
    keywords: sars
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        item: #1029 of 5187
          id: cord-269563-2979u47a
      author: Caetano Silva-Filho, José
       title: The influence of ABO blood groups on COVID-19 susceptibility and severity: a molecular hypothesis based on carbohydrate-carbohydrate interactions
        date: 2020-08-02
       words: 4621
      flesch: 29
     summary: Supported by an extensive bibliographic review highlighting (i) the mode of binding of SARS-CoV-2 to cell receptors, as well as (ii) the biochemical aspects of ABO blood group system and its association to infection and some circulatory conditions, we hypothesize that the influence of blood type on COVID-19 severity relies on the differential clustering of glycoproteins receptors to SARS-CoV-2 on host cell surface, induced by ABH antigens through carbohydrate-carbohydrate interactions with the glycan portions of these receptors, which could modulate virus binding to the target cell. In summary, this work proposes that the molecular mechanism underlying the influence of ABO blood groups on COVID-19 susceptibility and severity relies on carbohydrate-carbohydrate interactions between ABH antigens and sialoside glycans present on host cell receptors.
    keywords: abo; binding; blood; carbohydrate; cell; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; host; protein; sars; spike
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        item: #1030 of 5187
          id: cord-269564-r5mmsnbx
      author: Hans, Diana
       title: Rapidly Fatal Infections
        date: 2008-05-31
       words: 7557
      flesch: 44
     summary: During the 2003 to 2004 influenza season, the CDC received reports of severe pneumonia caused by S aureus and MRSA among previously healthy children and adults after influenza virus infection [75] . In addition, a dramatic increase in the median age of patients with bacterial meningitis has been observed.
    keywords: aureus; cases; disease; encephalitis; group; infections; influenza; meningitis; mrsa; patients; pneumonia; streptococcus; syndrome; treatment; tss
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        item: #1031 of 5187
          id: cord-269568-vwkawh6x
      author: Ten Hulzen, Richard D.
       title: Impact of Hearing Loss and Universal Face Masking in the COVID-19 Era.
        date: 2020-08-03
       words: 1085
      flesch: 33
     summary: There are three major categories of masks being used to limit the airborne transmission of large respiratory droplets and infectious agents: a respirator, or filtering face piece (FFP), such as a N95 mask; medical face masks, such as a surgical or procedure mask; and nonmedical masks, such as commercially-or self-made masks usually made of cloth or other textiles. 2 Hearing loss impacts all age groups, yet it is more prevalent among unscreened older adults-who are also likely to be without hearing assistance.
    keywords: hearing; loss; sound
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        item: #1032 of 5187
          id: cord-269612-pmzdovna
      author: Pennington, Hugh
       title: Politics, media and microbiologists
        date: 2004
       words: 3829
      flesch: 48
     summary: Pandemics with significantly lower mortalities occurred in 1957 (Asian flu, subtype H2N2), 1968 (Hong Kong flu, subtype H3N2) and 1977 (Russian flu, subtype H1N1) (TABLE 1). In Singapore, 206 (76%) SARS cases were nosocomially Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) took everybody by surprise.
    keywords: cases; disease; hong; influenza; kong; lessons; outbreak; report; sars; virus
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        item: #1033 of 5187
          id: cord-269707-titu9lm4
      author: Hsieh, Ching-Lin
       title: Structure-based design of prefusion-stabilized SARS-CoV-2 spikes
        date: 2020-07-23
       words: 2137
      flesch: 38
     summary: Previous successes using proline substitutions inspired us to investigate 14 individual variants wherein a proline was substituted into flexible loops or the N-termini of helices in the fusion peptide, HR1, and the region connecting them (CR) (Fig. 2 , D and G, and table S1). This result is reminiscent of previous successful applications of proline substitutions to class I
    keywords: expression; fig; proline; protein; s-2p; structure; substitutions; variants
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        item: #1034 of 5187
          id: cord-269718-e1mxmo3a
      author: Wang, Jingquan
       title: Impact of hydrological factors on the dynamic of COVID-19 epidemic: A multi-region study in China
        date: 2020-11-13
       words: 864
      flesch: 34
     summary: Water transmission oF SARS-CoV-2 Evaluation of hydrologic and meteorological impacts on 469 dengue fever incidences in southern Taiwan using time-frequency analysis 470 methods Temperature significant change COVID-19 Transmission in 472 429 cities. Influence of Estuarine Sediment on Virus Survival 426 Routes of transmission of influenza A H1N1, SARS CoV, and 429 norovirus in air cabin: Comparative analyses Hydrologic, land cover, and seasonal patterns of 431 waterborne pathogens in Great Lakes tributaries Early Transmission Dynamics in Wuhan, China Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia Impact of meteorological factors on the COVID-19 transmission: 435
    keywords: cases; sars; transmission; water
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        item: #1035 of 5187
          id: cord-269723-gm65p1op
      author: Tzeng, Nian-Sheng
       title: What could we learn from SARS when facing the mental health issues related to the COVID-19 outbreak? A nationwide cohort study in Taiwan
        date: 2020-10-06
       words: 4381
      flesch: 37
     summary: SARS patients aged 45-64 years, ≧65 years, with the CCI score ≧2, and care from the medical centers and regional hospitals, were associated with an increased risk for psychiatric disorders and suicide. On the other hand, the severe sequela in SARS patients, especially the lung fibrosis, may be not common in COVID-19 6, 7 .
    keywords: cohort; disorders; patients; psychiatric; risk; sars; study; suicide; years
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        item: #1036 of 5187
          id: cord-269726-z0frgm7s
      author: Gidari, Anna
       title: Is recurrence possible in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)? Case series and systematic review of literature
        date: 2020-10-10
       words: 6714
      flesch: 47
     summary: Long-term effects of COVID-19 in a patient on maintenance dialysis Glucocorticoid-induced relapse of COVID-19 in a patient with sarcoidosis Reevaluation of retested nucleic acid-positive cases in recovered COVID-19 patients: Report from a designated transfer hospital in Chongqing Recurrence of positive SARS-CoV-2 RNA in COVID-19: a case report Clinical recurrences of COVID-19 symptoms after recovery: viral relapse, reinfection or inflammatory rebound? Positive SARS-CoV-2 RNA recurs repeatedly in a case recovered from COVID-19: dynamic results from 108 days of follow-up Persistent SARS-COV-2 RNA positivity in a patient for 92 days after disease onset: a case report Positive conversion of COVID-19 after two consecutive negative RT-PCR results: a role of low-dose CT Recurrent presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in a 33-year-old man Repositive cases of nucleic acid tests in discharged patients with COVID-19: a follow-up study Positive SARS-Cov-2 test in a woman with COVID-19 at 22 days after hospital discharge: a case report Low humoral immune response and ineffective clearance of SARS-Cov-2 in a COVID-19 patient with CLL during a 69-day follow-up Recurrent positive nucleic acid detection in a recovered COVID-19 patient: a case report and literature review Successful recovery of recurrence of positive SARS-CoV-2 RNA in COVID-19 patient with systemic lupus erythematosus: a case report and review Clinical characteristics of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 reactivation Absent immune response to SARS-CoV-2 in a 3-month recurrence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) case Recurrence of SARS-CoV-2 infection with a more severe case after mild COVID-19, reversion of RT-qPCR for positive and late antibody response: case report Repeated COVID-19 relapse during post-discharge surveillance with viral shedding lasting for 67 days in a recovered patient infected with SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 infection recurrence presenting with meningoencephalitis Post discharge positive re-tests in COVID-19: common but clinically non-significant Progressive CT findings and positive RT-PCR again of recovered and discharged patients with COVID-19 Changes in RT-PCR test results and symptoms during the menstrual cycle of female individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2: report of two cases Incidence, clinical course and risk factor for recurrent PCR positivity in discharged COVID-19 patients in Guangzhou, China: a prospective cohort study COVID-19 re-infection by a phylogenetically distinct SARS-coronavirus-2 strain confirmed by whole genome sequencing The treatment and follow-up of 'recurrence' with discharged COVID-19 patients: data from Guizhou Recurrent recurrence of positive SARS-CoV-2 RNA in a COVID-19 patient Recurrence or relapse of COVID-19 in older patients: a description of three cases Recurrent pneumonia in a patient with new coronavirus infection after discharge from hospital for insufficient antibody production: a case report A case presentation for positive SARS-CoV-2 RNA recurrence in a patient with a history of type 2 diabetes that had recovered from severe COVID-19 Clinical features of discharged COVID-19 patients with an extended SARS-CoV-2 RNA positive signal in respiratory samples The dilemma of COVID-19 recurrence after clinical recovery Persistent positivity and fluctuations of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in clinically-recovered COVID-19 patients Probable causes and risk factors for positive SARS-CoV-2 test in recovered patients: evidence from Brunei Darussalam Epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 patients in convalescence period Chest CT study of fifteen COVID-19 patients with positive RT-PCR retest results after discharge Rate of re-positive RT-PCR test among patients recovered from COVID-19 Discontinuation of antiviral drugs may be the reason for recovered COVID-19 patients testing positive again Changes in serum virus-specific IgM/IgG antibody in asymptomatic and discharged patients with reoccurring positive COVID-19 nucleic acid test (RPNAT) Chest CT and clinical follow-up of discharged patients with COVID-19 in Wenzhou City A cluster of the Corona Virus Disease 2019 caused by incubation period transmission in Wuxi Re-positive coronavirus disease 2019 PCR test: could it be a reinfection? Diagnostic testing and screening for SARS-CoV-2 Growth kinetics of SARS-coronavirus in Vero E6 cells Detection and isolation of SARS-CoV-2 in serum, urine, and stool specimens of COVID-19 patients from the Republic of Korea Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement Positive result of Sars-Cov-2 in faeces and sputum from discharged patient with COVID-19 in Yiwu Song S Recurrence of positive SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA in recovered COVID-19 patients during medical isolation observation Positive RT-PCR test results in discharged COVID-19 patients: reinfection or residual Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in a paucisymptomatic patient: Epidemiological and clinical challenge in settings with limited community transmission Seven discharged patients turning positive again for SARS-CoV-2 on quantitative RT-PCR Serial CT features in discharged COVID-19 patients with positive RT-PCR re-test A case series of recurrent viral RNA positivity in recovered COVID-19 Chinese patients The clinical features and outcomes of discharged coronavirus disease 2019 patients: a prospective cohort study Re-infection by COVID-19: a real threat for the future management of pandemia? Letter to the Editor: Three cases of re-detectable positive SARS-CoV-2 RNA in recovered COVID-19 Microbiol Infect Dis patients with antibodies Two cases of COVID-19 with positive salivary and negative pharyngeal or respiratory swabs at hospital discharge: a rising concern Persistent viral RNA positivity during recovery period of a patient with SARS-CoV-2 infection Recurrent PCR positivity after hospital discharge of people with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Rehospitalization of a recovered coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) child with positive nucleic acid detection
    keywords: assay; cases; cov-2; covid-19; nasopharyngeal; patients; pcr; positive; recurrence; rna; sars; swab
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        item: #1037 of 5187
          id: cord-269756-tid8a464
      author: Basso, Luis G. M.
       title: SARS-CoV fusion peptides induce membrane surface ordering and curvature
        date: 2016-11-28
       words: 12265
      flesch: 41
     summary: I viral membrane fusion Mechanisms of Virus Membrane Fusion Proteins Virus membrane-fusion proteins: more than one way to make a hairpin Structure and function of membrane fusion peptides Are fusion peptides a good model to study viral cell fusion? Structural and dynamic characterization of the interaction of the putative fusion peptide of the S2 SARS-CoV virus protein with lipid membranes A second SARS-CoV S2 glycoprotein internal membrane-active peptide. Calorimetric and Monolayer Studies Interaction of the C2 domain from protein kinase C epsilon with model membranes Network formation of lipid membranes: Triggering structural transitions by chain melting Some aspects of the phase behavior of charged lipids Lipid bilayer pre-transition as the beginning of the melting process Membrane fusion between liposomes composed of acidic phospholipids and neutral phospholipids induced by melittin: A differential scanning calorimetric study Effects of the antimalarial drug primaquine on the dynamic structure of lipid model membranes Interaction of a peptide model of a hydrophobic transmembrane alpha-helical segment of a membrane protein with phosphatidylethanolamine bilayers: differential scanning calorimetric and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic studies Nature of the thermal pretransition of synthetic phospholipids: dimyristolyl-and dipalmitoyllecithin Thermal analysis of lipids, proteins and biological membranes.
    keywords: bilayer; changes; curvature; fig; fusion; fusion peptides; group; head; ifp; lipid; membrane; membrane fusion; ordering; peptides; phase; sars; sars fp; spin; water
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        item: #1038 of 5187
          id: cord-269766-arjoemla
      author: Dutescu, R. Michael
       title: Detection of Coronavirus in Tear Samples of Hospitalized Patients With Confirmed SARS-CoV-2 From Oropharyngeal Swabs
        date: 2020-09-08
       words: 2144
      flesch: 51
     summary: In our study, despite high levels of viral RNA in tears, we were unable to confirm the presence of viral conjunctivitis in patients with proven SARS-CoV AQ : 7 infection. Therefore, clinicians and patients are advised to stay in quarantine if COVID-19 is suspected, even if they had initially tested negative.
    keywords: cov-2; patients; rna; sars; study; tear
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        item: #1039 of 5187
          id: cord-269771-hffxb7bm
      author: Cheung, Ka Shing
       title: Gastrointestinal Manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Virus Load in Fecal Samples from the Hong Kong Cohort and Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
        date: 2020-04-03
       words: 4805
      flesch: 38
     summary: We previously reported the high prevalence of enteric symptoms in patients with SARS and demonstrated acute viral replication in the small intestinal mucosa of SARS patients. The sewage concentrates of two hospitals receiving SARS patients in Beijing were also found to have SARS-CoV RNA detected at that time.
    keywords: clinical; coronavirus; covid-19; gastrointestinal; patients; rna; sars; stool; symptoms; viral
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        item: #1040 of 5187
          id: cord-269825-k685efoh
      author: Hu, Parker
       title: Early comprehensive testing for COVID-19 is essential to protect trauma centers
        date: 2020-07-01
       words: 3293
      flesch: 44
     summary: As additional cases were identified, all patients in the TBICU were moved to the Neurosurgical ICU which was repurposed to care for COVID-19 positive trauma patients. We recorded the daily number of trauma patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection, the presence of clinical symptoms or radiological signs of COVID-19, and the results of verbal symptom screen (for new admissions).
    keywords: care; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; patients; sars; testing; trauma
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        item: #1041 of 5187
          id: cord-269835-mz7i66qp
      author: Furfaro, Federica
       title: SFED recommendations for IBD endoscopy during COVID-19 pandemic: Italian and French experience
        date: 2020-06-11
       words: 7284
      flesch: 30
     summary: ESGE and ESGENA Position Statement on Gastrointestinal Endoscopy and the COVID-19 Pandemic Implications of COVID-19 for patients with pre-existing digestive diseases Practice of endoscopy during COVID-19 pandemic: position statements of the Asian Pacific Society for Digestive Endoscopy (APSDE-COVID statements) COVID-19 and gastrointestinal endoscopies: current insights and emergent strategies Endoscopy in inflammatory bowel diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic and postpandemic period Coronavirus COVID-19 Global Cases Report of the WHO-China Joint Mission on Coronavirus Disease Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with digestive symptoms in Hubei, China: a descriptive, cross-sectional, multicenter study Sensitivity of nasopharyngeal, nasal and throat swab for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 Respiratory virus shedding in exhaled breath and efficacy of face masks Société Française d'Endoscopie Digestive. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol DOI: 10.1038/s41575-020-0319-3 sha: doc_id: 269835 cord_uid: mz7i66qp The current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has required a complete change in the management of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) who need to undergo endoscopic procedures.
    keywords: bowel; colitis; cov-2; covid-19; crohn; disease; endoscopy; faecal; ibd; infection; pandemic; patients; risk; sars; symptoms
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        item: #1042 of 5187
          id: cord-269862-krcu3hfa
      author: Wang, Shui-Mei
       title: APOBEC3G cytidine deaminase association with coronavirus nucleocapsid protein
        date: 2009-05-25
       words: 6903
      flesch: 44
     summary: Like HIV-1 NC, the SARS-CoV or HCoV-229E N-associated with hA3G depends on the presence of RNA, with the first linker region essential for hA3G packaging into both HIV-1 and SARS-CoV VLPs. However, replacing NC with a leucine-zipper motif that does not encapsidate RNA abolishes hA3G packaging without significantly affecting HIV-1 virion production (Zennou et al., 2004) , suggesting RNA involvement in hA3G incorporation.
    keywords: cov; et al; gst; ha3; human; packaging; rna; sars; vlps
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        item: #1043 of 5187
          id: cord-269871-w41o1krr
      author: Aggarwal, Shyam
       title: High Viral Load and Poor Ventilation: Cause of High Mortality From COVID-19
        date: 2020-07-25
       words: 837
      flesch: 52
     summary: As a result, people living in developed countries tend to build up high viral load in their nasal cavity and nasopharynx. These factors indicate a strong association between high viral load and poor ventilation, which, in turn, leads to high mortality from COVID-19 in developed Western nations.
    keywords: countries; load
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        item: #1044 of 5187
          id: cord-269902-sbp18486
      author: Springer, Steffen
       title: Google Trends reveals: Focus of interest in the population is on treatment options rather than theories about COVID-19 animal origin
        date: 2020-05-06
       words: 791
      flesch: 56
     summary: No significant data were found for search terms domestic cat and domestic cat (data not shown). However, this potential fear is not reflected in Google searches for domestic cats or dogs.
    keywords: covid-19; interest; search
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        item: #1045 of 5187
          id: cord-269909-1cso5cl4
      author: Amatya, Shaili
       title: Management of newborns exposed to mothers with confirmed or suspected COVID-19
        date: 2020-05-21
       words: 5556
      flesch: 39
     summary: More definitive evidence is needed An analysis of 38 pregnant women with COVID-19, their newborn infants, and maternal-fetal transmission of SARS-CoV-2: maternal coronavirus infections and pregnancy outcomes Potential maternal and infant outcomes from coronavirus 2019-nCoV (SARS-CoV-2) infecting pregnant women: Lessons from SARS, MERS, and other human coronavirus infections Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during pregnancy: a case series Clinical analysis of 10 neonates born to mothers with 2019-nCoV pneumonia Coronavirus in pregnancy and delivery: rapid review A case report of neonatal COVID-19 infection in China Perinatal transmission of COVID-19 associated SARS-CoV-2: should we worry? For symptomatic PUIs and COVID-19 infected newborns, additional tests such as CBC and CRP should be performed, as well as other tests that are clinically indicated [15] .
    keywords: care; children; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; mothers; neonatal; neonates; newborns; patients; risk; sars
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        item: #1046 of 5187
          id: cord-269939-8nvrt5y7
      author: Tan, Boon Fei
       title: Personal View: Managing The Covid-19 Pandemic As A National Radiation Oncology Centre In Singapore
        date: 2020-04-23
       words: 1928
      flesch: 49
     summary: Cancer patients, who are often immunocompromised, are at risk of contracting the disease and becoming seriously ill. At the same time, delaying treatment such as radiotherapy in cancer patients can be detrimental.
    keywords: cancer; covid-19; oncology; patients; singapore
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        item: #1047 of 5187
          id: cord-269946-zb7gcw0m
      author: Boscolo-Rizzo, Paolo
       title: New onset of loss of smell or taste in household contacts of home-isolated SARS-CoV-2-positive subjects
        date: 2020-05-24
       words: 1779
      flesch: 47
     summary: Moreover, the objective evaluation of the sense of smell showed that self-reporting surveys may even underestimate the prevalence of anosmia in COVID-19 patients Neurologic manifestations of hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in Wuhan, China Olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions as a clinical presentation of mild-to-moderate forms of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a multicenter European study Objective evaluation of anosmia and ageusia in COVID-19 patients: single-center experience on 72 cases Smell dysfunction: a biomarker for COVID-19 Home care for patients with COVID-19 presenting with mild symptoms and management of their contacts n Eur Cent Dis Prev Control n Estimation of the asymptomatic ratio of novel coronavirus infections (COVID-19) Alterations in smell or taste in mildly symptomatic outpatients with SARS-CoV-2 infection SARS-CoV-2 receptor and entry genes are expressed by sustentacular cells in the human olfactory neuroepithelium The characteristics of household transmission of COVID-19 Household transmission of SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19: track coronavirus cases.
    keywords: patients; sars; smell; taste
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        item: #1048 of 5187
          id: cord-269973-sntnmqqd
      author: To, Kelvin Kai-Wang
       title: Unique SARS-CoV-2 clusters causing a large COVID-19 outbreak in Hong Kong
        date: 2020-08-05
       words: 1862
      flesch: 55
     summary: All the genomes from cases imported from the Philippines did not contain nsp3 A85V or NP A12G that define cluster HK1, while those from Kazakhstan lack the mutation C28269T that define cluster HK2. However, resurgence of COVID-19 cases has been seen in many parts of the world after the relaxation of these social distancing measures.
    keywords: cases; cluster; covid-19
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        item: #1049 of 5187
          id: cord-270015-5gtxfkoz
      author: Mahmood Shah, Sayed Mustafa
       title: Pandemics and prayer: The impact of cattle markets and animal sacrifices during the muslim Eid festival on COVID‐19 transmission and public health
        date: 2020-08-20
       words: 1004
      flesch: 41
     summary: These policies must encompass controlled and regulated transport of sacrificial animals, with strict health checks of both the animals and personnel transporting them. We may still mitigate the risks of surges in transmission by public outreach; encouraging households to arrange for slaughter of sacrificial animals in remote facilities, equipped with veterinary and disinfection facilities.
    keywords: animal; cov-2; sars; spike
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        item: #1050 of 5187
          id: cord-270019-er70ehk4
      author: Yang, Kunyu
       title: Clinical characteristics, outcomes, and risk factors for mortality in patients with cancer and COVID-19 in Hubei, China: a multicentre, retrospective, cohort study
        date: 2020-05-29
       words: 4271
      flesch: 44
     summary: First case of 2019 novel coronavirus in the United States Transmission of 2019-nCoV infection from an asymptomatic contact in Germany COVID-19) pandemic Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China Epidemic situation of COVID-19 (in Chinese) There should be no ESKAPE for febrile neutropenic cancer patients: the dearth of effective antibacterial drugs threatens anticancer efficacy Diagnostic strategy for hematology and oncology patients with acute respiratory failure: randomized controlled trial Infectious complications in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia: pathogenesis, spectrum of infection, and approaches to prophylaxis Acute respiratory distress syndrome in patients with malignancies Cancer patients in SARS-CoV-2 infection: a nationwide analysis in China Clinical characteristics of COVID-19-infected cancer patients: a retrospective case study in three hospitals within Wuhan, China Clinical management of severe acute respiratory infection when novel coronavirus (nCoV) infection is suspected: interim guidance Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China International Severe Acute Respiratory and emerging Infection Consortium. Patients with haematological malignancies were younger than those with solid tumours ( of 177 patients) were more frequently seen in patients with haematological malig nancies than in those with solid tumours.
    keywords: cancer; clinical; covid-19; data; hospital; onset; patients; risk; study; weeks
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        item: #1051 of 5187
          id: cord-270035-1e1wzdri
      author: Cazzaniga, Marco
       title: SARS-COV-2 Infection and Kawasaki Disease: Case Report of a Hitherto Unrecognized Association
        date: 2020-07-03
       words: 2078
      flesch: 35
     summary: SARS-CoV-2 infection in children Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) in Italy Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China Missed or delayed diagnosis of Kawasaki disease during the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic COVID-19 and Kawasaki disease: novel virus and novel case Diagnosis, treatment, and long-term management of Kawasaki disease, a scientific statement for health professionals from the American heart Kawasaki disease: guidelines of the Italian society of pediatrics, part I -definition, epidemiology, etiopathogenesis, clinical expression and management of the acute phase Viral infections associated with Kawasaki disease Concurrent respiratory viruses and Kawasaki disease COVID-19: immunopathology and its implications for therapy The surgical manifestations of the intestinal tract in Kawasaki disease Gallbladder hydrops associated with Kawasaki disease: a case report and literature review Intestinal involvement in Kawasaki disease Gastrointestinal presentation of Kawasaki disease: a red flag for severe disease? Epidemiological characteristics of 2143 pediatric patients with 2019 coronavirus disease in China Kawasaki disease complicated with macrophage activation syndrome: a systematic review On the alert for cytokine storm: immunopathology in COVID-19 MC wrote the manuscript and designed the topic. A registry of KD cases associated with SARS-COV-2 infection is currently ongoing in Italy, and hopefully results will shed light on this unusual association.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; disease; kawasaki; sars
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        item: #1052 of 5187
          id: cord-270049-54t3w94z
      author: Campione, Elena
       title: Pleiotropic effect of Lactoferrin in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 infection: randomized clinical trial, in vitro and in silico preliminary evidences
        date: 2020-08-17
       words: 2029
      flesch: 35
     summary: Coronavirus are spherical, enveloped viruses Then, the efficacy of different concentrations of bLf in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 infection was tested 161 on Vero E6 and Caco-2 cells according to different experimental procedures: i) control: untreated 162 SARS-CoV-2 and cells; ii) bLf pre-incubated with virus inoculum for 1 h at 37°C before cell 163 infection; iii) cells pre-incubated with bLf for 1 h at 37°C before virus infection; iv) bLf added 164 together with virus inoculum at the moment of infection step; v) virus and cells separately pre-165 incubated with bLf for 1 h at 37°C before infection. key: cord-270049-54t3w94z authors: Campione, Elena; Lanna, Caterina; Cosio, Terenzio; Rosa, Luigi; Conte, Maria Pia; Iacovelli, Federico; Romeo, Alice; Falconi, Mattia; Del Vecchio, Claudia; Franchin, Elisa; Lia, Maria Stella; Minieri, Marilena; Chiaramonte, Carlo; Ciotti, Marco; Nuccetelli, Marzia; Terrinoni, Alessandro; Iannuzzi, Ilaria; Coppeda, Luca; Magrini, Andrea; Moricca, Nicola; Sabatini, Stefano; Rosapepe, Felice; Bartoletti, Pier Luigi; Bernardini, Sergio; Andreoni, Massimo; Valenti, Piera; Bianchi, Luca title: Pleiotropic effect of Lactoferrin in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 infection: randomized clinical trial, in vitro and in silico preliminary evidences date: 2020-08-17 journal: bioRxiv DOI: 10.1101/2020.08.11.244996 sha: doc_id: 270049 cord_uid: 54t3w94z The current treatments against SARS-CoV-2 have proved so far inadequate.
    keywords: blf; cov-2; figure; lactoferrin; sars
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        item: #1053 of 5187
          id: cord-270064-hidirfkv
      author: Tort, Fernando L.
       title: A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF GENOME COMPOSITION AND CODON USAGE PATTERNS OF EMERGING CORONAVIRUSES
        date: 2020-04-12
       words: 4321
      flesch: 49
     summary: Comparative genomic analysis MERS CoV isolated from humans and camels with special reference to virus encoded helicase The Galaxy platform for accessible, reproducible and collaborative biomedical analyses On the biased nucleotide composition of the human coronavirus RNA genome The evolution of codon usage in structural and non-structural viral genes: the case of Avian coronavirus and its natural host Gallus gallus Genome-wide analysis of codon usage bias in Bovine Coronavirus Coronavirus avian infectious bronchitis virus A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster Genomic characterization of the 2019 Microbes & Infec Emerging coronaviruses: genome structure, replication, and pathogenesis Analysis of the codon usage pattern in Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Bovine coronavirus Spread, circulation, and evolution of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Origin and evolution of pathogenic coronaviruses Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus: The species and its viruses -a statement of the Analysis of synonymous codon usage in SARS Coronavirus and other viruses in the Nidovirales The extent of codon usage bias in human RNAviruses and its evolutionary origin From SARS and MERS CoVs to SARS-CoV-2, moving toward more biased codon usage in viral structural and nonstructural genes To sense or not to sense viral RNA-essentials of coronavirusinnate immune evasion MEGA-X: Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis across computing platforms Extensive diversity of coronaviruses in bats from China Severe acute respiratory syndrome CAIcal: a combined set of tools to assess codon usage adaptation E-CAI: a novel server to estimate an expected value of Codon Adaptation Index (eCAI) Genome structure and transcriptional regulation of human coronavirus NL63 Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding Clustvis: a web tool for visualizing clustering of multivariate data using Principal Component Analysis and heatmap Posterior summarization in Bayesian phylogenetics using Tracer MACSE: Multiple alignment of coding sequences accounting for frameshifts and stop codons The codon adaptation index -a measure of directional synonymous codon usage bias, and its potential applications Analysis of preferred codon usage in the coronavirus N genes and their implications for genome evolution and vaccine design Epidemiology, genetic recombination, and pathogenesis of coronaviruses Bayesian phylogenetic and phylodynamic data integration using BEAST 1.10 Virus Evol. 4,vey016 Analysis of codon usage bias and base compositional constraints in iridovirus genomes The biased nucleotide composition of HIV-1 triggers type I interferon response and correlates with subtype D increased pathogenicity On the nucleotide compositionand structure of retroviral RNA genomes The A-nucleotide preference of HIV-1 in the context of its structured RNA genome Free Statistics Software, Office for Research Development and Education, version 1.1.23-r7 Analysis of codon usage in bovine viral diarrhea virus Global Epidemiology of Bat Coronaviruses World Health Organization (2020) Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak.
    keywords: codon; cov-2; human; sars; studies; usage; βcov
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        item: #1054 of 5187
          id: cord-270112-o2exvfy5
      author: Ferrarese, Carlo
       title: An Italian multicenter retrospective-prospective observational study on neurological manifestations of COVID-19 (NEUROCOVID)
        date: 2020-05-19
       words: 2467
      flesch: 26
     summary: The estimate of the prevalence of neurological manifestations and the estimate of the risk of developing them will be calculated overall and for specific disorders, along with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (using the total of COVID-19 patients in the centers involved in the study). Indeed, neurologists need to pay close attention to COVID-19 neurological manifestations, which may have contributed to their demise, especially for those with severe infections.
    keywords: covid-19; data; manifestations; patients; sars; study
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        item: #1055 of 5187
          id: cord-270116-r2rnnsfh
      author: Lippi, Giuseppe
       title: Current laboratory diagnostics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
        date: 2020-05-11
       words: 4754
      flesch: 22
     summary: As concerns serological testing, promising information can be garnered from preliminary investigations, showing that the vast majority of COVID-19 patients seem to develop a sustained immune response against the virus, characterized especially by emergence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgA, 1 to 2 weeks after the onset of fever and/or respiratory symptoms. Guo et al have first shown that the median time of antibodies appearance in serum or plasma of COVID-19 patients begins 3-6 days after the onset of symptoms for both IgM and IgA, whilst it is delayed to 10-18 days for IgG (42) .
    keywords: antibodies; clinical; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; laboratory; patients; sars; tests
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        item: #1056 of 5187
          id: cord-270122-xijsj0d8
      author: Hogan, Robert Edward
       title: COVID-19 in Patients With Seizures and Epilepsy: Interpretation of Relevant Knowledge of Presenting Signs and Symptoms
        date: 2020-08-24
       words: 1641
      flesch: 32
     summary: However, relative lack of cohort studies in patients with a history of epileptic seizures limit conclusions about effects of COVID-19 patients with epilepsy. Despite findings from studies in the general population, there is great heterogeneity of neurological presentation for individual patients with viral illnesses, so a minority of COVID-19 patients may present with neurological signs and symptoms.
    keywords: covid-19; epilepsy; patients; seizures
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        item: #1057 of 5187
          id: cord-270123-m8utyd1m
      author: Enmozhi, Sukanth Kumar
       title: Andrographolide as a potential inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 main protease: an in silico approach
        date: 2020-05-05
       words: 3880
      flesch: 39
     summary: During a search for such potent plant compounds we found a recent study on potential plant compounds which are able to inhibit the M pro is in a process of publication (Khaerunnisa et al., 2020) , while discussing the findings on the paper with group of Siddha and Ayurvedic doctors, they have advised us to examine the properties of the traditional available plant, several plant molecules obtained from medicinal plants were explored. Plant compounds are an ideal of finding drug components of interest and most economical one to produce quickly as possible.
    keywords: andrographolide; anti; compound; cov-2; drug; hydroxychloroquine; mol; protease; sars
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        item: #1058 of 5187
          id: cord-270218-578lsck9
      author: Gentile, Davide
       title: Putative Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease from A Library of Marine Natural Products: A Virtual Screening and Molecular Modeling Study
        date: 2020-04-23
       words: 5887
      flesch: 38
     summary: Another class of promising M pro inhibitors has been identified in flavonoids such as Apigenin-7-O-neohesperidoside, Luteolin-7-rutinoside, and Resinoside. To further validate the pharmacophore model descriptors, validate the poses and binding energies, and comprehensively investigate the interactions of the new ligands within the catalytic site of the protease, we conducted a parallel docking study, with Autodock4, and MD simulations on those compounds (1-17) that showed a better affinity (Table 1) .
    keywords: bond; compounds; cov-2; docking; energy; figure; inhibitors; ligand; model; pharmacophore; sars; site; structure
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        item: #1059 of 5187
          id: cord-270257-5f95gve3
      author: Jeon, Sangeun
       title: Identification of antiviral drug candidates against SARS-CoV-2 from FDA-approved drugs
        date: 2020-03-28
       words: 1148
      flesch: 44
     summary: Drug repositioning represents the only feasible option to address this global challenge and a panel of 48 FDA-approved drugs that have been pre-selected by an assay of SARS-CoV was screened to identify potential antiviral drug candidates against SARS-CoV-2 infection. key: cord-270257-5f95gve3 authors: Jeon, Sangeun; Ko, Meehyun; Lee, Jihye; Choi, Inhee; Byun, Soo Young; Park, Soonju; Shum, David; Kim, Seungtaek title: Identification of antiviral drug candidates against SARS-CoV-2 from FDA-approved drugs date: 2020-03-28 journal: bioRxiv DOI: 10.1101/2020.03.20.999730 sha: doc_id: 270257 cord_uid: 5f95gve3 COVID-19 is an emerging infectious disease and was recently declared as a pandemic by WHO.
    keywords: coronavirus; drug; sars
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        item: #1060 of 5187
          id: cord-270278-d61n3v90
      author: Choi, S.M.Y.
       title: Enhancing legal preparedness for the prevention and control of infectious diseases: Experience from severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong
        date: 2009-03-31
       words: 4225
      flesch: 41
     summary: It appears that, in general, public health emergency powers focus mainly on control and management of property and information, rather than on individuals. A further protection against abuse of powers is that any exercise of power under public health legislation or any exercise of discretionary power will be subject to judicial review.
    keywords: control; disease; health; legislation; powers; public; sars
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        item: #1061 of 5187
          id: cord-270329-t60t639i
      author: Schloer, Sebastian
       title: Drug synergy of combinatory treatment with remdesivir and the repurposed drugs fluoxetine and itraconazole effectively impairs SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro
        date: 2020-10-16
       words: 1057
      flesch: 26
     summary: While remdesivir and the host-directed drugs itraconazole or fluoxetine target independent 297 pathways, we found that drug combinations together with remdesivir (ItraRem and 298 FluoRem) showed stronger antiviral activities against SARS-CoV-2 than the remdesivir 299 monotherapy. Drug treatments were well-tolerated and potent impaired viral replication was observed with all drug treatments.
    keywords: drug; itraconazole; remdesivir; sars
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        item: #1062 of 5187
          id: cord-270348-5804ffwx
      author: Angelino, Andrew F.
       title: Design and implementation of a regional inpatient psychiatry unit for asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 positive patients.
        date: 2020-07-02
       words: 5821
      flesch: 56
     summary: The PAPR can be worn without a mask, allowing the patient to see the provider's face, which we think is comforting to psychiatric patients, so we most often use PAPRs on the unit. Dr. Weiser had opened a psychiatric unit at his hospital to receive SARS-CoV-2 infected patients without COVID-19 patients from all other hospitals in Israel 6 , just as we sought to do for Maryland.
    keywords: care; cov-2; covid-19; inpatient; medical; patients; ppe; psychiatry; rooms; sars; staff; unit
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        item: #1063 of 5187
          id: cord-270355-5mljrk1h
      author: Fontanet, Arnaud
       title: Les enseignements du SRAS
        date: 2007-02-28
       words: 2339
      flesch: 53
     summary: L'analyse de cette épidémie et de la réponse qui lui a été apportée devrait permettre de mieux nous préparer à de nouvelles menaces, telle la grippe aviaire. Il est important d'agir tôt et fort sur un foyer épidémique émergent, car il est vraisemblable qu'un agent infectieux n'est pas adapté à l'homme lors du premier franchissement de la barrière interespèces, et donc plus facile à maîtriser à ce stade.
    keywords: des; les; que; sars; sras; syndrome; été
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        item: #1064 of 5187
          id: cord-270377-lfcoy8n1
      author: Novazzi, Federica
       title: SARS-CoV-2 positivity in rectal swabs implication for possible transmission
        date: 2020-07-02
       words: 425
      flesch: 43
     summary: Currently, the diagnosis is based on molecular detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in respiratory samples such as nasal swab (NS) From the past coronavirus epidemics (SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV) we learned that viral RNA could be also detected in several clinical specimens such as rectal swab (RS) other than respiratory samples
    keywords: cov-2; sars
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        item: #1065 of 5187
          id: cord-270399-yfko8mpc
      author: Foster, Allison
       title: It’s complicated: A case report on a COVID-19-positive HIV patient presenting with rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury
        date: 2020-10-15
       words: 3402
      flesch: 42
     summary: Recent studies have demonstrated that approximately 20%-40% of COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) develop acute kidney injury (AKI). In a recent histopathologic examination of COVID-19 patients, 9 SARS-CoV-2-associated pulmonary lesions manifest as inflammation of the parenchyma and interstitium, with hyperplasia of the alveolar epithelium and formation of hyaline membranes.
    keywords: aki; cov-2; covid-19; hiv; injury; kidney; patient; sars
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        item: #1066 of 5187
          id: cord-270458-7imgvale
      author: Franchini, Massimo
       title: The impact of the SARS‐CoV‐2 outbreak on the safety and availability of blood transfusions in Italy
        date: 2020-04-13
       words: 1526
      flesch: 45
     summary: With the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak spreading in all European Countries, we recommend defining common European guidelines that establish screening criteria for blood donors. The current SARS-CoV-2 outbreak has stimulated further discussion on this issue, particularly on the safety of blood donations in endemic countries [8] .
    keywords: blood; cns; coronavirus; sars
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        item: #1067 of 5187
          id: cord-270462-d9l3agr0
      author: Zeng, Zhi
       title: Pulmonary Pathology of Early Phase COVID‐19 Pneumonia in a Patient with a Benign Lung Lesion
        date: 2020-05-06
       words: 2738
      flesch: 51
     summary: The replication of a mouse adapted sars-cov in a mouse cell line stably expressing the murine SARS-CoV receptor mACE2 efficiently induces the expression of proinflammatory cytokines Expression of elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in SARS-CoV-infected ACE2+ cells in SARS patients: Relation to the acute lung injury and pathogenesis of SARS SARS-Coronavirus open reading frame-9b suppresses innate immunity by targeting mitochondria and the MAVS/TRAF3/TRAF6 signalosome T-cell immunity of SARS-CoV: Implications for vaccine development against MERS-CoV The clinical pathology of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): A report from China However, fibrinous exudate and hyaline membrane formation, which were typical pulmonary features of SARS pneumonia, were not evident in this case.
    keywords: cells; figure; lung; patient; pneumonia; sars
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        item: #1068 of 5187
          id: cord-270474-jaurhjvr
      author: Xiang, Zhen
       title: Glucocorticoids improve severe or critical COVID-19 by activating ACE2 and reducing IL-6 levels
        date: 2020-06-27
       words: 4425
      flesch: 42
     summary: We verified the efficacy of nine chemicals on regulating ACE2 expression in human GES-1, an upper digestive tract epithelial cell line, and THP-1, a human monocyte cell line, and found that several glucocorticoids imparted activating effects on ACE2 in both cell lines. The drugs triciribine and kinetin riboside activate ACE2 expression or inhibit IL-6 production in macrophages to some extent.
    keywords: ace2; cell; covid-19; effect; expression; glucocorticoids; human; hydrocortisone; il-6; macrophages
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        item: #1069 of 5187
          id: cord-270475-mkpn9tz6
      author: Requena, Manuel
       title: COVID-19 and Stroke: incidence and etiological description in a high-volume center.
        date: 2020-08-05
       words: 2428
      flesch: 42
     summary: Our aim is to uncover the rate of acute stroke in COVID-19 patients and identify those cases in which a possible causative relationship could exist. Our aim is to uncover the rate of acute stroke in COVID-19 patients admitted in a highvolume center and identify those cases in which a possible causative relationship could exist.
    keywords: covid-19; hospital; infection; patients; risk; sars; stroke
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        item: #1070 of 5187
          id: cord-270495-2u072mtp
      author: Lokida, Dewi
       title: Diagnosis of COVID-19 in a Dengue-Endemic Area
        date: 2020-08-05
       words: 1750
      flesch: 48
     summary: A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China Coinfection between dengue and COVID-19: need for approach in endemic zones Covert COVID-19 and false-positive dengue serology in Singapore Force of infection and true infection rate of dengue in Singapore: implications for dengue control and management Dengue viral infection in Indonesia: epidemiology, diagnostic challenges, and mutations from an observational cohort study Clinical and laboratory diagnosis of dengue virus infection The epidemiology, virology and clinical findings of dengue virus infections in a cohort of Indonesian adults in western Java Prolonged persistence of IgM against dengue virus detected by commonly used commercial assays Accuracy of dengue clinical diagnosis with and without NS1 antigen rapid test: comparison between human and Bayesian network model decision COVID-19 and dengue co-infection in a returning traveller To estimate the extent of this problem, we evaluated sera from 42 confirmed COVID-19 patients for evidence of DENV infection.
    keywords: covid-19; dengue; denv; igm; infection
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        item: #1071 of 5187
          id: cord-270510-z6qg48nz
      author: Lauro, A.
       title: Emergency Endoscopy During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic in the North of Italy: Experience from St. Orsola University Hospital—Bologna
        date: 2020-04-22
       words: 1680
      flesch: 32
     summary: Emergency endoscopy procedures were due to life-threatening gastrointestinal bleeding, foreign body ingestion, food bolus impaction, intestinal obstruction, caustic ingestion, and ascending cholangitis as reported in Table 1 . We were forced to deal with these challenges through emergency brainstorming sessions, acting as a united medical-surgical community in order to define our action plan that was based on a practical strategy, reorganizing the hospital pathways of emergency endoscopy in order to avoid virus dissemination.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; endoscopy; patients; sars
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        item: #1072 of 5187
          id: cord-270515-bfjdvfuq
      author: Deng, Chu-Xia
       title: The global battle against SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19
        date: 2020-03-15
       words: 1055
      flesch: 42
     summary: COVID-19 patients exhibit flu-like symptoms, such as persistent coughing, fever, shortness of breath, and difficulty breathing, which are similar to the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), and the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS). Understanding the knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of residents towards COVID-19 during the early stage of disease outbreak could help the authority effectively implement preventive and control measures.
    keywords: covid-19; outbreak; sars
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        item: #1073 of 5187
          id: cord-270528-3rsv3jlh
      author: Yazdanpanah, Fereshteh
       title: The immune system and COVID-19: Friend or foe?
        date: 2020-06-02
       words: 3138
      flesch: 36
     summary: Another noteworthy point is the increased level of enzymes in the liver, heart, and kidneys in COVID-19 patients with pneumonia, which is consistent with the tissue expression profile of the ACE2 receptor (10) ; this could also explain the occurrence of multi-organ failure in some patients (11). Overall, general lymphopenia is seen in COVID-19 patients, especially in severe cases (27, 28) .
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; inflammatory; patients; sars
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        item: #1074 of 5187
          id: cord-270533-s2d3q4ob
      author: Lau, Yu-Lung
       title: SARS: future research and vaccine
        date: 2004-11-05
       words: 3001
      flesch: 40
     summary: Further understanding of the ecology of SARS CoV in human and animals will help prevent future cross species transmission. Further understanding of the ecology of SARS CoV in human and animals will help prevent future cross species transmission.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov; disease; research; response; sars; syndrome
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        item: #1075 of 5187
          id: cord-270550-if748w2n
      author: Bailey, Adam L.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 Infects Human Engineered Heart Tissues and Models COVID-19 Myocarditis
        date: 2020-11-05
       words: 5824
      flesch: 40
     summary: Figure 1 : ACE2 is expressed in the human heart and in stem cell derived cardiomyocytes. After infection with SARS-CoV-2, engineered tissues display typical features of myocarditis, including cardiomyocyte cell death, impaired cardiac contractility, and innate immune cell activation.
    keywords: ace2; cardiomyocytes; cell; cms; cov-2; expression; fig; hpsc; human; infected; infection; mock; sars; tissues
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        item: #1076 of 5187
          id: cord-270588-c9rxmo44
      author: Algarroba, Gabriela N.
       title: Visualization of SARS-CoV-2 virus invading the human placenta using electron microscopy
        date: 2020-05-13
       words: 827
      flesch: 38
     summary: Preterm delivery 125 in pregnant woman with critical COVID-19 pneumonia and vertical transmission From an Infected Mother to Her Newborn Clinical characteristics and intrauterine 130 vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective 131 review of medical records Evidence for and against 133 vertical transmission for SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Distribution of 136 angiotensin-(1-7) and ACE2 in human placentas of normal and pathological pregnancies Fibroblasts and myofibroblasts: what are we talking about? The risk of vertical transmission from infected pregnant women to their fetuses is 32 controversial.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; sars
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        item: #1077 of 5187
          id: cord-270591-0szbkhiz
      author: Shi, Chen
       title: Comprehensive Landscape of Heparin Therapy for COVID-19
        date: 2020-10-22
       words: 6217
      flesch: 30
     summary: This review discusses the pharmacological mechanisms of heparin regarding its anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory and direct antiviral activities, providing current evidence concerning the effectiveness and safety of heparin therapy for this major public health emergency. On the basis of these critical functions of heparin, we illustrate both the preclinical and clinical evidence that heparin therapy has multiple effects for COVID-19.
    keywords: anticoagulant; binding; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; effects; et al; heparin; infection; low; patients; sars; sulfate; therapy
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        item: #1078 of 5187
          id: cord-270606-r46pbaf0
      author: Rashed, Mohamed Z.
       title: Rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies using electrochemical impedance-based detector
        date: 2020-10-07
       words: 3139
      flesch: 34
     summary: The platform was able to differentiate spikes in impedance measurements from a negative control (1% milk solution) for all CR3022 samples. Impedance measurements with respect to time, , were acquired continuously at 10 kHz and 22 mV. Results herein are reported as a change in impedance magnitude between the real-time measured impedance ( ) with respect to a measured background impedance, Δ = − .
    keywords: antibodies; binding; cov-2; detection; impedance; measurements; sars
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        item: #1079 of 5187
          id: cord-270613-vnjuubt4
      author: Poon, Terence C.W.
       title: Proteomic analysis reveals platelet factor 4 and beta‐thromboglobulin as prognostic markers in severe acute respiratory syndrome
        date: 2012-06-28
       words: 3361
      flesch: 47
     summary: Our results suggest that PF4 and beta‐TG may also play similar roles in the development of ARDS in SARS patients. These two CXC chemokines may play important roles in the development of ARDS in SARS patients.
    keywords: beta; features; patients; pf4; proteomic; sars; serum
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        item: #1080 of 5187
          id: cord-270622-aofva2ab
      author: Li, Qizhang
       title: Potential clinical drugs as covalent inhibitors of the priming proteases of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-08-26
       words: 2833
      flesch: 39
     summary: [11] and MERS-CoV Historically, the drug discovery practice mainly focuses on non-covalent drugs due to potential off-64 target effects and toxicity issues of irreversible covalent drugs However, recent years have 65 witnessed the resurgence of covalent drugs because many people have realized that compared to non-66 covalent drugs, covalent drugs might have extra advantages including: (i) better biochemical 67 efficiency since they are more competitive than non-covalent endogenous substrates and co-factors 68 [14]; (ii) lower patient burden and less drug resistance due to lower and less frequent dosing To 70 help the discovery of covalent drugs, we previously established a steric-clashes alleviating receptor 71 (SCAR) strategy [17] for the in silico docking and screening of covalent drugs enlightened by in 72 silico protein design org) containing approved and in-trial drugs with known warhead groups targeting 77 cysteine (CatB/CatL) or serine (TMPRSS2).
    keywords: catb; covalent; drugs; inhibitors; protein; sars; tmprss2
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        item: #1081 of 5187
          id: cord-270635-l8380adr
      author: Maggi, Enrico
       title: COVID-19: unanswered questions on immune response and pathogenesis
        date: 2020-05-08
       words: 881
      flesch: 51
     summary: -Relative higher frequency of CD8+ than CD4+ T cells in recovered patients. -Highly activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells with predominant type 1 or type 3 profiles in severe patients. -Time of onset, phenotype, repertoire, functional profile and amplitude of T cell response still unknown.
    keywords: cells; patients; virus
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        item: #1082 of 5187
          id: cord-270645-tzctvs9q
      author: Martelletti, Luigi
       title: Air Pollution and the Novel Covid-19 Disease: a Putative Disease Risk Factor
        date: 2020-04-15
       words: 947
      flesch: 41
     summary: The assumption that air pollution conditions facilitate the spread of the virus was shown and supported by Cui et al. A recent study from the SIMA (Società Italiana di Medicina Ambientale) reported that the specificity of the high spread of the contagious virus in some areas of Northern Italy is likely to be linked to air pollution conditions.
    keywords: air; covid-19; pollution; virus
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        item: #1083 of 5187
          id: cord-270661-e83xe4sp
      author: Falahi, Shahab
       title: Transmission routes for SARS-COV-2 infection: Review of Evidence
        date: 2020-10-06
       words: 1275
      flesch: 46
     summary: key: cord-270661-e83xe4sp authors: Falahi, Shahab; Kenarkoohi, Azra title: Transmission routes for SARS-COV-2 infection: Review of Evidence date: 2020-10-06 journal: New Microbes New Infect DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2020.100778 sha: doc_id: 270661 cord_uid: e83xe4sp • Airborne transmission of SARS-COV-2 emphasizes the importance of using face masks in public, crowded and closed places as the most important preventive measure. The high transmission rate of SARS-COV-2 has raised many questions about the possible routes of infection transmission.
    keywords: covid-19; sars; transmission
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        item: #1084 of 5187
          id: cord-270665-z4l3lq39
      author: Tian, Qing
       title: Endoscopic mask innovation and protective measures changes during the COVID‐19 pandemic: experience from a Chinese hepato‐biliary‐pancreatic unit
        date: 2020-07-23
       words: 1835
      flesch: 33
     summary: According to epidemiological investigations, the main source of infection is patients with a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, which may also include asymptomatic infection 2, 3 . Therefore, to minimize infections among patients and medical personnel, identifying an orderly and safe method for emergency endoscopy treatments has become an urgent concern.
    keywords: article; covid-19; endoscopy; infection; patients; treatment
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        item: #1085 of 5187
          id: cord-270683-982eqtog
      author: Pavel, Shaikh Terkis Islam
       title: Isolation and characterization of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in Turkey
        date: 2020-09-16
       words: 5535
      flesch: 56
     summary: The diluted sample was inoculated onto monolayers of Vero E6 cells and gently agitated at 37˚C for 1 h. Consequently, DMEM with 2% FBS was added and the infected cells were monitored for the appearance of cytopathic effect (CPE). Twenty-four-well plates were seeded with Vero E6 cells and incubated at 37˚C with 5% CO 2 .
    keywords: cell; coronavirus; cov-2; fig; infection; lines; ma-104; sars; turkey; vero; virus
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        item: #1086 of 5187
          id: cord-270698-9w3ap3gz
      author: Guo, Hua
       title: Evolutionary arms race between virus and host drives genetic diversity in bat SARS related coronavirus spike genes
        date: 2020-05-13
       words: 2501
      flesch: 40
     summary: In 537 this study, bat ACE2 sequences were either amplified or downloaded from NCBI and 538 SARSr-CoV spike sequences were downloaded from NCBI; the database accession 539 numbers are listed in Table S2 . Pseudoviruses or SARSr-CoVs carrying different spike proteins showed different infection efficiency in cells transiently expressing bat ACE2 variants.
    keywords: ace2; bat; coronavirus; cov; human; sars; spike
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        item: #1087 of 5187
          id: cord-270743-yyl50z94
      author: Haseli, Sara
       title: Reply to “MRI evaluation of the olfactory clefts in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection revealed an unexpected mechanism for olfactory function loss”
        date: 2020-06-10
       words: 623
      flesch: 33
     summary: The olfactory sensory neurons do not express ACE2 and TMPRSS2, which is in contrast to nasal respiratory epithelium, stem cells and olfactory epithelial support cells 6 . bioRxiv Non-neural expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry genes in the olfactory epithelium suggests mechanisms underlying anosmia in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: anosmia; olfactory
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        item: #1088 of 5187
          id: cord-270776-oulnk1b3
      author: Chau, Tai-nin
       title: Value of initial chest radiographs for predicting clinical outcomes in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome
        date: 2004-08-15
       words: 2776
      flesch: 40
     summary: Patients with more than two zones of lung involvement presented significantly later than patients with fewer zones of involvement (6 Ϯ 3 days vs. 4 Ϯ 2 days after onset of symptoms, P ϭ 0.001) Philadelphia Defining community acquired pneumonia severity on presentation to hospital: an international derivation and validation study Defining prognostic factors in the elderly with community acquired pneumonia: a case controlled study of patients aged Ͼ or ϭ 75 yrs Simplified prediction rule for prognosis of patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia in ICUs Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome: radiographic appearances and pattern of progression in 138 patients Clinical features and short-term outcomes of 144 patients with SARS in the Greater Toronto area Quantitative analysis and prognostic implication of SARS-coronavirus RNA in the plasma and serum of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Interobserver variability in applying a radiographic definition for ARDS Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) in Singapore: clinical features of index patient and initial contacts Prognostic Features of Chest Radiographs in SARS/Chau et al
    keywords: acute; chest; involvement; patients; sars; zones
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        item: #1089 of 5187
          id: cord-270788-w0pewq52
      author: Chou, Chih-Fong
       title: A novel cell-based binding assay system reconstituting interaction between SARS-CoV S protein and its cellular receptor
        date: 2004-11-05
       words: 4765
      flesch: 55
     summary: A first step in understanding SARS pathogenesis Quantitative mRNA expression profiling of ACE2, a novel homologue of angiotensin converting enzyme Amino acids 1055 to 1192 in the S2 domain of SARS coronavirus S protein induces neutralizing antibodies: implications for the development of vaccine and anti-viral agent Localization of neutralizing epitopes and the receptor-binding site within the amino-terminal 330 amino acids of the murine coronavirus spike protein Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus Comparative full-length genome sequence analysis of 14 SARS coronavirus isolates and common mutations associated with putative origins of infection Unique and conserved features of genome and proteome of SARScoronavirus, an early split-off from the coronavirus group 2 lineage Molecular modelling of S1 and S2 subunits of SARS coronavirus spike glycoprotein Localization of neutralizing epitopes and receptor-binding site in murine coronavirus spike protein Gene expression in mammalian cells Profile of antibody responses against SARS-Coronavirus recombinant proteins and their potential use as dianostic markers A novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus protein, U274, is transported to the cell surface and undergoes endocytosis A 193-amino-acid fragment of the SARS coronavirus S protein efficiently binds angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 The SARS-CoV S glycoprotein: expression and functional characterization Identification of a novel protein 3a from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Virus-encoded proteinases and proteolytic processing in the Nidovirales We thank Dr. Eng Eong Ooi (Environmental Health Institute, National Environmental Agency, Singapore) for providing inactivated SARS RNA; Drs. CHO cells provide the advantages not only because they can be easily maintained and genetically manipulated, but also because they produce proteins with glycans similar to those native glycoproteins found in humans.
    keywords: anti; binding; cells; cho; egfp; protein; sars
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        item: #1090 of 5187
          id: cord-270837-xvauo76d
      author: Hui, David S.
       title: The 1-Year Impact of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome on Pulmonary Function, Exercise Capacity, and Quality of Life in a Cohort of Survivors
        date: 2005-10-31
       words: 5832
      flesch: 46
     summary: Tests of data quality, scaling assumptions, and reliability across diverse patient groups Tests of scaling assumptions and construct validity of the Chinese (HK) version of the SF 36 health survey Population based norming of the Chinese (HK) version of the SF 36 health survey Standardization of spirometry, 1994 update Lung function testing: selection of reference values and interpretative strategies Pulmonary function studies in healthy Chinese adults in Singapore Maximal respiratory pressures: normal values and relationships to age and sex Statement on respiratory muscle testing Comparison of two different mouthpieces for the measurement of Pimax and Pemax in normal and weak subjects Transdiaphragmatic pressure in young adult Singaporean subjects-normal values and a comparison between different respiratory manoeuvres Respiratory muscles Severe acute respiratory syndrome: radiographic appearances and pattern of progression in 138 patients Reference equations for the sixminute walk in healthy adults Treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome Severe acute respiratory syndrome: epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment Thin section CT of severe acute respiratory syndrome: evaluation of 73 patients exposed to or with the disease Lung pathology of fatal severe acute respiratory syndrome The clinical pathology of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): a report from China Lung pathology of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): a study of 8 autopsy cases from Singapore Pulmonary pathological features in coronavirus associated severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Six month radiological and physiological outcomes in severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) survivors Severe acute respiratory syndrome: thin-section computed tomography features, temporal changes and clinico-radiological correlation during convalescent period Dynamic changes of serum SARS-coronavirus IgG, pulmonary function and radiography in patients recovering from SARS after hospital discharge Long-term follow-up and bronchial reactivity testing in survivors of the adult respiratory distress syndrome Pulmonary function following the adult respiratory distress syndrome Clinical determinants of abnormalities in pulmonary functions in survivors of the adult respiratory distress syndrome Radiological and pulmonary function outcomes of children with SARS Long-term follow-up of survivors of acute lung injury: lack of effect of a ventilation strategy to prevent barotraumas Left ventricular performance in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome: a 30 day echocardiographic follow-up study The impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome on the physical profile and quality of life in a cohort of survivors Pulmonary function and exercise capacity in survivors of severe acute respiratory syndrome Osteonecrosis of hip and knee in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome treated with steroids Weakness of respiratory and skeletal muscles after a short course of steroids in patients with acute lung rejection Acute steroidinduced tetraplegia following status asthmaticus Neuromuscular disorders in severe acute respiratory syndrome Stress and psychological impact on SARS patients during the outbreak Psychiatric complications in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) during the acute treatment phase: a series of 10 cases Factors associated with psychosis among patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome: a case-control study ACKNOWLEDGMENT: We thank the following colleagues who have provided help in this ongoing study: M. Tong, RN; P.Y. Chan, RN; M.S. Cheng, RN; T.Y. Cheong, RN; M.Y. Leung; EN; E Lee (clerk); and C Ho (research assistant). These results suggest that the inability to exercise in recovered SARS patients is primarily due to extrapulmonary causes such as physical deconditioning and possibly steroid myopathy.
    keywords: acute; dlco; function; lung; months; patients; sars; study; survivors; syndrome
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        item: #1091 of 5187
          id: cord-270857-8424oq4x
      author: Hui, David S.
       title: Exhaled Air Dispersion During Oxygen Delivery Via a Simple Oxygen Mask
        date: 2007-08-31
       words: 4040
      flesch: 43
     summary: The results of air particle dispersion distances are presented with reference to the median sagittal plane. Probability contours of air leakage distribution around the HPS and oxygen mask in the median sagittal plane when oxygen was delivered at 6, 8, and 10 L/min are shown in Figure 2 The relationships between different oxygen flows and the resultant leakage plume distances are shown in Figure 3 .
    keywords: air; dispersion; hps; light; mask; min; oxygen; patients; smoke; study
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        item: #1092 of 5187
          id: cord-270858-ozvdz9ew
      author: Altmann, Daniel M
       title: What policy makers need to know about COVID-19 protective immunity
        date: 2020-04-27
       words: 1564
      flesch: 41
     summary: 13 Some of the uncertainty about COVID-19 protective immunity could be addressed by monitoring the frequency of reinfection with SARS-CoV-2. Specific T-lymphocyte immunity against Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, however, can be detectable for 4 years, considerably longer than antibody responses.
    keywords: antibody; covid-19; immunity; sars; virus
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        item: #1093 of 5187
          id: cord-270866-olc5r2yx
      author: Mallet, Jasmina
       title: Addictions in the COVID-19 era: Current evidence, future perspectives a comprehensive review
        date: 2020-08-12
       words: 6846
      flesch: 43
     summary: Most experts fear an on-going « Opioid Crisis » that could endanger and further marginalize an already at-risk population (Alexander et al., 2020; Becker and Fiellin, 2020; Jenkins et al., 2020; Sun et al., 2020; Wilson et al., 2020) . Persons receiving take-home methadone could be co-prescribed naloxone, an opioid reversal agent that may mitigate the risks of fatal overdose among those at high risk (Alexander et al., 2020) .
    keywords: alcohol; covid-19; et al; increase; lockdown; opioid; pandemic; review; risk; smoking; study; tobacco; use
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        item: #1094 of 5187
          id: cord-270880-azslipmp
      author: Cozzupoli, Grazia Maria
       title: Possible Retinal Impairment Secondary to Ritonavir Use in SARS-CoV-2 Patients: A Narrative Systematic Review
        date: 2020-08-22
       words: 2818
      flesch: 37
     summary: Retinal toxicity has been described by some authors in case reports and series, but it is a rare and little-known complication of ritonavir. Because of the shortage of reports found in PubMed about the association between ritonavir and retinal toxicity, we adhered to the Preferred Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines [11] , but we did not need to create a flow diagram.
    keywords: case; patients; retina; review; ritonavir; rpe; sars; toxicity
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        item: #1095 of 5187
          id: cord-270886-m9na7cbm
      author: Quadeer, Ahmed Abdul
       title: Immunodominant epitopes based serological assay for detecting SARS-CoV-2 exposure: Promises and challenges
        date: 2020-08-15
       words: 1221
      flesch: 26
     summary: key: cord-270886-m9na7cbm authors: Quadeer, Ahmed Abdul title: Immunodominant epitopes based serological assay for detecting SARS-CoV-2 exposure: Promises and challenges date: 2020-08-15 journal: EBioMedicine DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102947 sha: doc_id: 270886 cord_uid: m9na7cbm nan The ongoing pandemic of COVID-19, caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, is a matter of global concern. In such cases, serological assays, which detect SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies in blood samples of patients, could play a significant role by facilitating the identification of previous exposure to SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; sars
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        item: #1096 of 5187
          id: cord-270888-8j17ul7k
      author: Fernández-González, Sara Mª
       title: ¿Infección Por Sars-Cov-2 Como Desencadenante De Un Síndrome Inflamatorio Sistémico?
        date: 2020-09-09
       words: 862
      flesch: 30
     summary: En conclusión, aunque los niños suelen presentarse de forma paucisintomática, en ciertos casos pueden desarrollar una respuesta inflamatoria sistémica secundaria que precise Page 4 of 5 J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f soporte hemodinámico y respiratorio, si bien el caso expuesto respondió satisfactoriamente al tratamiento con inmunoglobulinas y ácido acetilsalicílico. No obstante, más estudios son necesarios para entender la relación causal entre ambas patologías y el tratamiento óptimo.
    keywords: como; con; sars
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        item: #1097 of 5187
          id: cord-270909-wb7mwklo
      author: Cheng, Vincent C.C.
       title: Absence of nosocomial transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to SARS-CoV-2 in the pre-pandemic phase in Hong Kong
        date: 2020-05-24
       words: 2269
      flesch: 40
     summary: Press release of the Department of Health Accessed 16 World Health Organization Exploring the reasons for healthcare workers infected with novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China List of medical professionals who died during the SARS outbreak Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus as an agent of emerging and reemerging infection SARS cases with onset of illness from 1 Report of the Select Committee to inquire into the handling of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome outbreak by the Government and the Hospital Authority Daily statistics on SARS patients with breakdown by healthcare workers, Amoy Gardens residents and others Escalating infection control response to the rapidly evolving epidemiology of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to SARS-CoV-2 in Hong Kong Coronavirus disease (COVID-2019) situation reports Preparedness and proactive infection control measures against the emerging novel coronavirus in China Prevention of nosocomial transmission of swine-origin pandemic influenza virus A/H1N1 by infection control bundle Infection control preparedness for human infection with influenza A H7N9 in Hong Kong Improved molecular diagnosis of COVID-19 by the novel, highly sensitive and specific COVID-19-RdRp/Hel real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay validated in vitro and with clinical specimens Evidence/documents provided by the Administration and related persons for the Select Committee to inquire into the handling of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome outbreak by the Government and the Hospital Authority Infectious diseases in healthcare workers -an analysis of the standardised data set of a German compensation board Long-term psychological and occupational effects of providing hospital healthcare during SARS outbreak Clinical management and infection control of SARS: Compared with SARS outbreak in 2003, the SARS-CoV-2 case load constituted 8.9% (130 SARS-CoV-2/1458 SARS-CoV) of SARS-CoV infected cases at day 72 of the outbreak.
    keywords: cov-2; day; hong; infection; kong; sars
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        item: #1098 of 5187
          id: cord-270919-0hldozml
      author: Cortey, Martí
       title: SARS-CoV-2 amino acid substitutions widely spread in the human population are mainly located in highly conserved segments of the structural proteins
        date: 2020-05-17
       words: 1066
      flesch: 36
     summary: The species of origin of SARS-CoV-2 has not been fully 32 identified, but the virus seems to be related to SARS-CoV and other coronaviruses found 33 in bats and other mammal species, although different from them (Chan et The SARS-CoV-2 genome size is around 30 kb with the typical gene structure known in 36 other betacoronaviruses: starting from the 5′, more than two-thirds of the genome 37 comprises orf1ab encoding polyproteins (nsp1 to nsp15), while the last third consists of 38 genes encoding major structural proteins; including spike (S or ORF2), envelope (E or 39 ORF4), membrane (M or ORF5), and nucleocapsid (N or ORF9) proteins. key: cord-270919-0hldozml authors: Cortey, Martí; Li, Yanli; Díaz, Ivan; Clilverd, Hepzibar; Darwich, Laila; Mateu, Enric title: SARS-CoV-2 amino acid substitutions widely spread in the human population are mainly located in highly conserved segments of the structural proteins date: 2020-05-17 journal: bioRxiv DOI: 10.1101/2020.05.16.099499 sha: doc_id: 270919 cord_uid: 0hldozml The Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic offers a unique opportunity to study the introduction and evolution of a pathogen into a completely naïve human population.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; protein; sars
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        item: #1099 of 5187
          id: cord-270935-t9pym9k0
      author: Dumyati, Ghinwa
       title: Does Universal Testing for COVID-19 Work for Everyone?
        date: 2020-08-15
       words: 2683
      flesch: 45
     summary: We review the tests available to diagnose COVID-19 infections, the implications of universal testing for nursing home staff and residents, interpretation of test results, issues around repeat testing, and incorporation of test results as part of a long-term response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Efforts by states to relax stay-at-home orders, reopen businesses, and even 298 encourage tourism 38 contribute to increased spread of SARS-CoV-2 in the community which in 299 turn means increased risk for nursing home staff to acquire and transmit the virus to their 300 residents.
    keywords: covid-19; nursing; residents; results; staff; testing; tests
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        item: #1100 of 5187
          id: cord-270951-6nq3jwgr
      author: Amerio, Paolo
       title: COVID‐19 and psoriasis: Should we fear for patients treated with biologics?
        date: 2020-05-05
       words: 2259
      flesch: 44
     summary: The importance of the role of massive release of proinflammatory cytokines (cytokine storm) is underlined by the fact that there is a significant difference in the concentration of serum of IFN-γ, IL-1, IL-6, IL-12, and TGFβ and of chemokines such as CCL2, CXCL10, CXCL9, and IL-8 between severe disease SARS patients compared to uncomplicated SARS patients. Cytokines such as IL-1, IL-6 and IL-12, and chemokines such as IL-8, CCL2 and CXCL10 were elevated in SARS patients 6 and diminished in patients that recovered, accompanied by a robust anti-virus antibody response.
    keywords: covid-19; disease; patients; psoriasis; sars; treatment
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        item: #1101 of 5187
          id: cord-270964-kxze0470
      author: Lau, Kwok-Kwong
       title: Possible Central Nervous System Infection by SARS Coronavirus
        date: 2004-02-17
       words: 1559
      flesch: 51
     summary: Cerebrospinal fluid tested positive for SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) by reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction. Emerg Infect Dis DOI: 10.3201/eid1002.030638 sha: doc_id: 270964 cord_uid: kxze0470 On day 22 of illness, generalized tonic-clonic convulsion developed in a 32-year-old woman with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS).
    keywords: cov; day; patient; sars; serum
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        item: #1102 of 5187
          id: cord-270994-1mmqfp7g
      author: ul Qamar, Muhammad Tahir
       title: Structural basis of SARS-CoV-2 3CL(pro) and anti-COVID-19 drug discovery from medicinal plants
        date: 2020-03-26
       words: 2031
      flesch: 42
     summary: Recent studies revealed that the genome sequence of SARS-CoV-2 is very similar to that of SARS-CoV. Therefore, herein, we analysed the 3CL(pro) sequence, constructed its 3D homology model, and screened it against a medicinal plant library containing 32,297 potential anti-viral phytochemicals/traditional Chinese medicinal compounds. Therefore, it was essential to discover novel compounds that may inhibit SARS-CoV-2 3CL pro 164 and serve as potential anti-COVID-19 drug compounds.
    keywords: 3cl; coronavirus; cov; pro; protein; sars; sequence
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        item: #1103 of 5187
          id: cord-271014-xzpvupms
      author: Erikstrup, Christian
       title: Estimation of SARS-CoV-2 infection fatality rate by real-time antibody screening of blood donors
        date: 2020-06-25
       words: 2369
      flesch: 52
     summary: The objective was to perform nationwide real-time seroprevalence surveying among blood donors as a tool to estimate previous SARS-CoV-2 infections and the population based IFR. Blood donors comprise approximately 4.7% of the Danish population in the same age group [2].
    keywords: blood; cov-2; sars; seroprevalence
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        item: #1104 of 5187
          id: cord-271027-4omocd8q
      author: Fronza, R.
       title: Spatial-temporal variations of atmospheric factors contribute to SARS-CoV-2 outbreak
        date: 2020-05-01
       words: 5725
      flesch: 51
     summary: Conditioning plots were then applied to graphically assess the dependence of the number of infected cases per million of one factor conditioned to different levels of another factor. A generalized Poisson model was fitted to estimate the association among the data showing the number of infected cases per million and the atmospheric factors.
    keywords: atmospheric; cases; cov-2; figure; number; pm2.5; preprint; provinces; sars
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        item: #1105 of 5187
          id: cord-271090-91lzr4tz
      author: Edwards, Kathryn M.
       title: Anticipating SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Testing, Licensure, and Recommendations for Use
        date: 2020-06-19
       words: 2694
      flesch: 40
     summary: As we quickly embark on the pursuit of vaccines to prevent COVID-19 disease, many are concerned that the rapidity with which these studies are being conducted will mean that vaccine safety will be sacrificed. The FDA poses specifically focused questions to the VRBPAC that relate to both vaccine efficacy and vaccine safety.
    keywords: cov-2; phase; safety; sars; studies; vaccine
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        item: #1106 of 5187
          id: cord-271174-886xc1n3
      author: Lipworth, Brian
       title: Weathering the Cytokine Storm in Susceptible Patients with Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection
        date: 2020-04-18
       words: 2347
      flesch: 27
     summary: ACE-2 expression in the small airway epithelia of smokers and COPD patients: Implications for COVID-19 A trial of lopinavir-ritonavir in adults hospitalized with severe COVID-19 Compassionate use of remdesivir for patients with severe COVID-19 Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: results of an open-label non-randomized clinical trial In vitro antiviral activity and projection of optimized dosing design of hydroxychloroquine for the treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Hydroxychloroquine, a less toxic derivative of chloroquine, is effective in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro Selective regulation of cytokine secretion by hydroxychloroquine: inhibition of interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1-alpha) and IL-6 in human monocytes and T cells TMPRSS2: a potential target for treatment of influenza virus and coronavirus infections Oncedaily single-inhaler triple versus dual therapy in patients with COPD Current appraisal of single inhaler triple therapy in COPD Corticosteroid suppression of antiviral immunity increases bacterial loads and mucus production in COPD exacerbations Inhaled corticosteroid suppression of cathelicidin drives dysbiosis and bacterial infection in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Precision medicine urgency: the case of inhaled corticosteroids in COPD Pneumonia risk in asthma patients using inhaled corticosteroids: a quasi-cohort study The inhaled corticosteroid ciclesonide blocks coronavirus RNA replication by targeting viral NSP15 Acute lung injury induces cardiovascular dysfunction: effects of IL-6 and budesonide/formoterol Differences between asthmatics and nonasthmatics hospitalised with influenza A infection Blood eosinophil guided prednisolone therapy for exacerbations of COPD: a further analysis Glucocorticosteroids enhance replication of respiratory viruses: effect of adjuvant interferon COVID-19: consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression Level of IL-6 predicts respiratory failure in hospitalized symptomatic COVID-19 patients Effective treatment of severe COVID-19 patients with tocilizumab B. Lipworth had the idea and is responsible for the overall content as guarantor. Having said that compassionate use of iv remdesivir in 53 patients with severe COVID-19 infection resulted in 68% having improved oxygenation status and 18% mortality among those receiving invasive ventilation, albeit with no control arm for comparison.
    keywords: covid-19; hydroxychloroquine; il-6; infection; patients; risk; sars
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        item: #1107 of 5187
          id: cord-271188-ewlxy5po
      author: Liu, Wei
       title: Depriving Iron Supply to the Virus Represents a Promising Adjuvant Therapeutic Against Viral Survival
        date: 2020-04-20
       words: 4264
      flesch: 35
     summary: Thus, limiting iron represents a promising adjuvant strategy in treating viral infection through oral uptake or venous injection of iron chelators, or through the manipulation of the key iron regulators. The first strategy is to deplete iron directly by iron chelators which have strong and selective affinity with iron ions [47, 48] .
    keywords: cells; chelators; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; covs; human; infection; iron; protein; replication; rna; sars
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        item: #1108 of 5187
          id: cord-271211-frkk6w0a
      author: Han, Yu
       title: The transmission and diagnosis of 2019 novel coronavirus infection disease (COVID‐19): A Chinese perspective
        date: 2020-03-12
       words: 2116
      flesch: 46
     summary: The notice of launching guideline on diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 Return of the coronavirus: 2019-nCoV Clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of spreaders of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus during the 2015 outbreak in Korea A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster Scientists are racing to model the next moves of a coronavirus that's still hard to predict Asymptomatic SARS coronavirus infection among healthcare workers MERS-CoV outbreak in Jeddah-a link to health care facilities Transmission of 2019-nCoV Infection from an asymptomatic contact in Germany Infectivity of an asymptomatic patient with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Zhang Wenhong, leader of Shanghai medical treatment expert panel: Studies have shown that SARS-CoV may be detected in the feces of most SARS patients, 15 and the virus within feces could survive at room temperature for at least 1 to 2 days.
    keywords: asymptomatic; coronavirus; cov-2; patients; sars; transmission
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        item: #1109 of 5187
          id: cord-271243-8cfyen86
      author: Xiao, Y.
       title: Pathological Changes in Masked Palm Civets Experimentally Infected by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Coronavirus
        date: 2008-05-31
       words: 3377
      flesch: 44
     summary: The clinical pathology of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): a report from Aetiology: Koch's postulates fulfilled for SARS virus Lung pathology of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): a study of 8 autopsy cases from Singapore Pneumonitis and multi-organ system disease in common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) infected with the severe acute respiratory syndromeassociated coronavirus Isolation and characterization of viruses related to the SARS coronavirus from animals in southern China A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Newly discovered coronavirus as the primary cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-like virus in Chinese horseshoe bats Bats are natural reservoirs of SARS-like coronaviruses Receptor and viral determinants of SARS-coronavirus adaptation to human ACE2 Study on the animal model for severe acute respiratory syndrome Virology: SARS virus infection of cats and ferrets Replication of SARS coronavirus administered into the respiratory tract of African Green, rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys Time course and cellular localization of SARS-CoV nucleoprotein and RNA in lungs from fatal cases of SARS Lung pathology of fatal severe acute respiratory syndrome The aetiology, origins, and diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome An animal model of SARS produced by infection of Macaca mulatta with SARS coronavirus Aged BALB/c mice as a model for increased severity of severe acute respiratory syndrome in elderly humans Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection of golden Syrian hamsters Cross-host evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in palm civet and human Prior infection and passive transfer of neutralizing antibody prevent replication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in the respiratory tract of mice Tissue and cellular tropism of the coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome: an in-situ hybridization study of fatal cases Pulmonary pathological features in coronavirus associated severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Antibodies to SARS coronavirus in civets. The aetiological agent of this syndrome was a newly emerged and previously unrecognized coronavirus, now known as SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV)
    keywords: civets; cov; dpi; infected; infection; sars
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        item: #1110 of 5187
          id: cord-271259-6kkzh1tp
      author: Chen, Shuai
       title: Liberation of SARS-CoV main protease from the viral polyprotein: N-terminal autocleavage does not depend on the mature dimerization mode
        date: 2010-01-01
       words: 7835
      flesch: 45
     summary: Since these residues contribute to the active dimer conformation of mature M pro mainly by electrostatic interactions, we mutated them into oppositely charged residues and evaluated the influence of these mutations on the N-terminal autocleavage activity of M pro . In order to better explain these results and elucidate the autocleavage mechanism of M pro , the contributions of these residues to dimerization and trans-cleavage activity of mature M pro needed to be further investigated.
    keywords: activity; autocleavage; cov; dimer; et al; fig; mature; pro; protease; sars; terminal
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        item: #1111 of 5187
          id: cord-271338-v2k9zn87
      author: Pujadas, E.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load Predicts COVID-19 Mortality
        date: 2020-06-12
       words: 1008
      flesch: 47
     summary: The need for reliable and widely available SARS-CoV-2 testing is well recognized, but it will be equally necessary to develop quantitative methods that determine viral load in order to guide patient triage and medical decision making. Viral loads should be used to identify higher-risk patients that may require more aggressive care and should be included as a key biomarker in the development of predictive algorithms.
    keywords: load; preprint; sars
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        item: #1112 of 5187
          id: cord-271339-wt5o9sgm
      author: Chen, Chao-Ju
       title: Optimization of the CDC Protocol of Molecular Diagnosis of COVID-19 for Timely Diagnosis
        date: 2020-05-21
       words: 2094
      flesch: 48
     summary: The event rate of nonspecific signals in E gene assay was significantly reduced from 63.1% (301/477) to 12% (226/1890) after adding BSA. Diagnostics 2020, 10, x FOR PEER REVIEW 3 of 6 The event rate of nonspecific signals in E gene assay was significantly reduced from 63.1% (301/477) to 12% (226/1890) after adding BSA.
    keywords: assay; coronavirus; covid-19; gene; pcr
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        item: #1113 of 5187
          id: cord-271371-qs7zge3l
      author: Gao, Jia
       title: Repurposing Low-Molecular-Weight Drugs against the Main Protease of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2
        date: 2020-07-28
       words: 2221
      flesch: 40
     summary: Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China Coronavirus main proteinase (3CL(pro)) structure: Basis for design of anti-SARS drugs From SARS to MERS: crystallographic studies on coronaviral proteases enable antiviral drug design Structural basis for the inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 main protease by antineoplastic drug carmofur Crystal structure of SARS-CoV-2 main protease provides a basis for design of improved alphaketoamide inhibitors Therapeutic options for the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) The rise of fragment-based drug discovery Prediction of the SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV) 3C-like protease (3CL pro) structure: virtual screening reveals velpatasvir, ledipasvir, and other drug repurposing candidates Virtual screening and repurposing of FDA approved drugs against COVID-19 main protease Potential covalent drugs targeting the main protease of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus Unrevealing sequence and structural features of novel coronavirus using in silico approaches: The main protease as molecular target Rapid Identification of Potential Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease by Deep Docking of 1.3 Billion Compounds In silico screening of Chinese herbal medicines with the potential to directly inhibit 2019 novel coronavirus NMR characterization of weak interactions between RhoGDI2 and fragment screening hits Fluorine Pseudocontact Shifts Used for Characterizing the Protein-Ligand Interaction Mode in the Limit of NMR Intermediate Exchange Ligand Proton Pseudocontact Shifts Determined from Paramagnetic Relaxation Dispersion in the Limit of NMR Intermediate Exchange NMR Fragment-Based Screening against Tandem RNA Recognition Motifs of TDP-43 Automated NMR fragment based screening identified a novel interface blocker to the LARG/RhoA complex H-1, C-13 and N-15 resonance assignments of SARS-CoV main protease N-terminal domain Foldon unfolding mediates the interconversion between M(pro)-C monomer and 3D domain-swapped dimer Design, synthesis and crystallographic analysis of nitrilebased broad-spectrum peptidomimetic inhibitors for coronavirus 3C-like proteases Mechanism for controlling the dimer-monomer switch and coupling dimerization to catalysis of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 3C-like protease Structure of Mpro from COVID-19 virus and discovery of its inhibitors Hilgenfeld, R. alpha-Ketoamides as Broad-Spectrum Inhibitors of Coronavirus and Enterovirus Replication: Structure-Based Design, Synthesis, and Activity Assessment GC-376, and calpain inhibitors II, XII inhibit SARS-CoV-2 viral replication by targeting the viral main protease However, the severe signal overlap was observed in the heteronuclear single-quantum correlation (HSQC) spectrum of the 15 N labeled full-length SARS-CoV-2 M pro .
    keywords: cov-2; drugs; figure; sars; weight
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        item: #1114 of 5187
          id: cord-271404-tu8u1b1d
      author: Gaunkar, Ridhima B
       title: COVID-19 in Smokeless Tobacco Habitués: Increased Susceptibility and Transmission
        date: 2020-06-25
       words: 3096
      flesch: 45
     summary: It is imperative to prioritize research aimed at exploring the potential association of SLT use with COVID-19 to develop evidence-based policy options. Issuing rigorous regulations to restrict the use of various forms of SLT products and the obnoxious act of spitting in public can assist in arresting the spread of COVID-19.
    keywords: covid-19; habitués; saliva; sars; slt; tobacco; transmission; use
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        item: #1115 of 5187
          id: cord-271411-h3k7r2ia
      author: Pelletier, Jesse S.
       title: Reducing transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in ophthalmology with nasal and oral decontamination
        date: 2020-08-26
       words: 1331
      flesch: 39
     summary: Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China SARS-CoV-2 reverse genetics reveals a variable infection gradient in the respiratory tract Stepping up infection control measures in ophthalmology during the novel coronavirus outbreak: an experience from Hong Kong Rapid in-vitro inactivation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) using povidone-iodine oral antiseptic rinse Prevention of upper respiratory tract infections by gargling: a randomized trial The effect of 1% povidone iodine as a preprocedural mouthrinse in 20 patients with varying degrees of oral hygiene Topical povidone-iodine as an adjunctive treatment for recalcitrant chronic rhinosinusitis Preventing surgical site infections: a randomized, open-label trial of nasal mupirocin ointment and nasal povidone-iodine solution Antimicrobial effectiveness of povidone-iodine and consequences for new application areas Povidone iodine skin absorption: an ex-vivo study Is povidone iodine mouthwash effective against SARS-CoV-2? Nasal and oral decontamination is currently a routine step used to reduce postoperative infectious contamination across many surgical subspecialties.
    keywords: iodine; nasal; pvp; sars
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        item: #1116 of 5187
          id: cord-271419-v6dfel3l
      author: Adachi, Shun
       title: Commentary: Origin and evolution of pathogenic coronaviruses
        date: 2020-04-21
       words: 1213
      flesch: 44
     summary: The type of adaptation phenomena in virus evolution is testable either in clinical medicine or in vitro evolution system. Since RNA viruses are easy to mutate and coronaviruses have high potentials for recombination, we can easily see the track of mutations and evolutions of the viruses, especially for SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. RNA recombination by RNA-dependent RNA polymerase with a low fidelity is widely observed and is supposed to shape current viruses by rearranging their genomes or disseminating functional modules (6) .
    keywords: coronaviruses; cov; sars; viruses
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        item: #1117 of 5187
          id: cord-271469-lozvq3y6
      author: Shaikh, Faiq
       title: Current landscape of Imaging and the potential role for Artificial intelligence in the management of COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-27
       words: 3043
      flesch: 38
     summary: The Journal of Clinical Investigation Imaging Profile of the COVID-19 Infection: Radiologic Findings and Literature Review Frequency and distribution of chest radiographic findings in COVID-19 positive patients Chest CT findings in coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19): relationship to duration of infection Findings of acute pulmonary embolism in COVID-19 patients. The clinical presentation of COVID-19 COVID-19 is primarily a respiratory tract infection caused by the SARS-CoV2 virus.
    keywords: covid-19; disease; imaging; infection; patients; sars
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        item: #1118 of 5187
          id: cord-271495-5906wju4
      author: Beldomenico, Pablo M.
       title: Do superspreaders generate new superspreaders? a hypothesis to explain the propagation pattern of COVID-19
        date: 2020-05-11
       words: 1995
      flesch: 42
     summary: Exposure to high viral loads may result in infections of high intensity, which exposes new cases to high viral loads, and so on. The severity of the disease caused by high viral loads is expected to be high.
    keywords: infection
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        item: #1119 of 5187
          id: cord-271504-t3y1w9ef
      author: Luo, Zichao
       title: Combating the Coronavirus Pandemic: Early Detection, Medical Treatment, and a Concerted Effort by the Global Community
        date: 2020-06-16
       words: 14501
      flesch: 38
     summary: Structural basis of influenza virus fusion inhibition by the antiviral drug Arbidol New small-molecule drug design strategies for fighting resistant influenza A Characteristics of arbidol-resistant mutants of influenza virus: implications for the mechanism of anti-influenza action of arbidol Mechanism of inhibition of enveloped virus membrane fusion by the antiviral drug arbidol Membranotropic effects of arbidol, a broad antiviral molecule, on phospholipid model membranes Clinical characteristics and therapeutic procedure for four cases with 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia receiving combined Chinese and Western medicine treatment Discovering drugs to treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Effects of chloroquine on viral infections: an old drug against today's diseases Effect of weak bases on the intralysosomal pH in mouse peritoneal macrophages Mechanisms of action of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine: implications for rheumatology Chloroquine inhibits autophagic flux by decreasing autophagosomelysosome fusion New insights into the antiviral effects of chloroquine Anti-HIV effects of chloroquine: inhibition of viral particle glycosylation and synergism with protease inhibitors Hydroxychloroquine, a less toxic derivative of chloroquine, is effective in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread In vitro inhibition of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus by chloroquine Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro Breakthrough: chloroquine phosphate has shown apparent efficacy in treatment of COVID-19 associated pneumonia in clinical studies Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine as available weapons to fight COVID-19 In vitro antiviral activity and projection of optimized dosing design of hydroxychloroquine for the treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Effects of chronic exposure to hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine on inner retinal structures Animal toxicity and pharmacokinetics of hydroxychloroquine sulfate Retroviral proteases and their roles in virion maturation Host cell proteases: critical determinants of coronavirus tropism and pathogenesis Influenza and SARS-coronavirus activating proteases TMPRSS2 and HAT are expressed at multiple sites in human respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts Research and development on therapeutic agents and vaccines for COVID-19 and related human coronavirus diseases Virusencoded proteinases and proteolytic processing in the Nidovirales The SARS-coronavirus papain-like protease: structure, function and inhibition by designed antiviral compounds Crystal Structures of the Main Peptidase from the SARS Coronavirus Inhibited by a Substrate-like Aza-peptide Epoxide Simultaneous treatment of human bronchial epithelial cells with serine and cysteine protease inhibitors prevents severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus entry Protease inhibitors targeting coronavirus and filovirus entry Efficacy of camostat mesilate compared with famotidine for treatment of functional dyspepsia: is camostat mesilate effective? Camostat mesilate attenuates pancreatic fibrosis via inhibition of monocytes and pancreatic stellate cells activity Recent research by Hoffmann et al. showed a promising in vitro inhibitory effect of this serine protease inhibitor in SARS-CoV and 2019-nCoV on human lung cells, showing potential as a viable option for COVID-19 treatment [113] .
    keywords: amplification; antibodies; antiviral; cells; china; chloroquine; coronavirus; covid-19; crispr; detection; disease; dna; drug; genome; host; infection; lamp; mers; ncov; novel; nucleic; patients; pcr; potential; protease; protein; rna; sars; syndrome; therapeutic; treatment
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        item: #1120 of 5187
          id: cord-271505-eot38721
      author: Wang, Hongliang
       title: Molecular pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome
        date: 2006-09-28
       words: 4963
      flesch: 45
     summary: A DNA vaccine encoding S protein can elicit neutralizing antibodies and induce T cell response, which can protect mice from SARS infection Neutralizing antibodies (IgG) have been detected in SARS patients, suggesting that humoral immunity plays an important role in the elimination of the virus.
    keywords: ace2; acute; cells; coronavirus; cov; infection; lung; patients; protein; sars; spike; virus
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        item: #1121 of 5187
          id: cord-271536-pscw933i
      author: Guo, Zhen-Dong
       title: Aerosol and Surface Distribution of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in Hospital Wards, Wuhan, China, 2020
        date: 2020-07-17
       words: 1688
      flesch: 56
     summary: Furthermore, we found that rates of positivity differed by air sampling site, which reflects the distribution of virus-laden aerosols in the wards ( Figure 2 , panel A). Contamination was greater in intensive care units than general wards.
    keywords: air; area; dressing; icu; room
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        item: #1122 of 5187
          id: cord-271544-i20105lq
      author: Poston, Daniel
       title: Absence of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing activity in pre-pandemic sera from individuals with recent seasonal coronavirus infection
        date: 2020-10-11
       words: 1369
      flesch: 39
     summary: Accordingly, none of the samples tested had any neutralization activity 155 against SARS-CoV-2 whose spike protein shares 24%-29% amino acid identity with the seasonal 156 . It is possible that neutralizing antibodies 54 induced by seasonal HCoV infection could cross-react with similar epitopes in SARS-CoV-2 S. 55 Such antibodies could potentially afford some level of protection against and perhaps contribute 56 to the wide range of outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
    keywords: license; medrxiv; preprint
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        item: #1123 of 5187
          id: cord-271551-bj2db91j
      author: Tomczyk, Samuel
       title: Social Distancing and Stigma: Association Between Compliance With Behavioral Recommendations, Risk Perception, and Stigmatizing Attitudes During the COVID-19 Outbreak
        date: 2020-08-11
       words: 5339
      flesch: 28
     summary: Three latent classes were identified: high compliance (25%) with all recommendations; public compliance (51%), with high compliance regarding public but not personal behaviors; and low compliance (24%) with most recommendations. [RRR = 0.72 (0.57; 0.93)], and expressing lower support for discrimination [RRR = 0.21 (0.05; 0.88)], whereas public compliance (class 3) and high compliance did not differ on sociodemographic data, stigmatizing attitudes or risk perception, although support for discrimination was considerably lower in public compliers than in high compliers
    keywords: behaviors; class; compliance; et al; public; recommendations; risk; sars
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        item: #1124 of 5187
          id: cord-271648-m2c5bvuj
      author: Ashour, Hossam M.
       title: Insights into the Recent 2019 Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) in Light of Past Human Coronavirus Outbreaks
        date: 2020-03-04
       words: 7550
      flesch: 53
     summary: Implications for virus origins and receptor binding Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation Efficient activation of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein by the transmembrane protease TMPRSS2 Host cell proteases: Critical determinants of coronavirus tropism and pathogenesis Elastase-mediated activation of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein at discrete sites within the S2 domain Host cell entry of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus after two-step, furin-mediated activation of the spike protein The spike glycoprotein of the new coronavirus 2019-nCoV contains a furin-like cleavage site absent in CoV of the same clade Protease-mediated enhancement of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Identification of a broad-spectrum antiviral small molecule against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and Ebola, Hendra, and Nipah viruses by using a novel high-throughput screening assay Functional analysis of potential cleavage sites in the MERS-coronavirus spike protein Generation and characterization of human monoclonal neutralizing antibodies with distinct binding and sequence features against SARS coronavirus using XenoMouse Identification of human neutralizing antibodies against MERS-CoV and their role in virus adaptive evolution Identification of an antigenic determinant on the S2 domain of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike glycoprotein capable of inducing neutralizing antibodies Human monoclonal antibodies against highly conserved HR1 and HR2 domains of the SARS-CoV spike protein are more broadly neutralizing Fully human monoclonal antibody directed to proteolytic cleavage site in severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) That sort of adaptation required a set of amino acid changes in the RBD of S protein of SARS viruses that were circulating in bats [65] .
    keywords: china; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; covs; human; mers; outbreak; protein; sars; syndrome; viruses
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        item: #1125 of 5187
          id: cord-271701-tx0lqgff
      author: te Velthuis, Aartjan J.W.
       title: The SARS-coronavirus nsp7+nsp8 complex is a unique multimeric RNA polymerase capable of both de novo initiation and primer extension
        date: 2011-10-29
       words: 7431
      flesch: 46
     summary: Given the absence of classical RdRp A and C motifs in the nsp8 sequence (12), we screened an alignment of CoV nsp8 sequences for conserved D/ExD/E motifs. Mutagenesis of nsp8 was performed to identify residues that may contribute to the catalytic centre of the nsp(7+8) polymerase, while differently tagged nsp8 recombinant proteins were constructed to explain some striking differences with previous observations.
    keywords: activity; binding; complex; cov; figure; nsp(7; nsp7; nsp8; polymerase; protein; rdrp; rna; sars; terminal
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        item: #1126 of 5187
          id: cord-271723-8qoozmgk
      author: Gelman, Ram
       title: Targeting SARS-CoV-2 receptors as a means for reducing infectivity and improving antiviral and immune response: an algorithm-based method for overcoming resistance to antiviral agents
        date: 2020-06-18
       words: 6279
      flesch: 30
     summary: Like other coronaviruses, SARS-CoV-2 uses the S protein as the main interacting protein with host cell receptors, including the SARS-CoV receptor ACE2 for entry, and the serine protease TMPRSS2 for S protein priming [16] . The process of entry into a host cell is important for the life cycle of most viruses, and broad-spectrum antiviral approaches which target host cell proteins and pathways are being used.
    keywords: ace2; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; dpp4; drug; grp78; immune; protein; receptor; resistance; response; sars
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        item: #1127 of 5187
          id: cord-271751-46oo9xv5
      author: Ingraham, Nicholas E.
       title: Shining a light on the evidence for hydroxychloroquine in SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-04-28
       words: 1115
      flesch: 48
     summary: In the hydroxychloroquine group, 5 of 26 (19.2%) of COVID-19 patients suffered death, medical deterioration, or adverse event compared with 0 (0%) in the control arm (Barnard's test: p = 0.07) with a number needed to harm (NNH) of 5.2. key: cord-271751-46oo9xv5 authors: Ingraham, Nicholas E.; Boulware, David; Sparks, Matthew A.; Schacker, Timothy; Benson, Bradley; Sparks, Jeffrey A.; Murray, Thomas; Connett, John; Chipman, Jeffrey G.; Charles, Anthony; Tignanelli, Christopher J. title: Shining a light on the evidence for hydroxychloroquine in SARS-CoV-2 date: 2020-04-28 journal: Crit Care DOI: 10.1186/s13054-020-02894-7 sha: doc_id: 271751 cord_uid: 46oo9xv5 nan The 2020 COVID-19 pandemic has stunned the world, financial markets, and healthcare systems.
    keywords: covid-19; hydroxychloroquine; patients; sars
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        item: #1128 of 5187
          id: cord-271781-cfv0ta10
      author: Patel, Kishan P.
       title: Transmission of SARS-CoV-2: an update of current literature
        date: 2020-07-07
       words: 4478
      flesch: 39
     summary: Environmental contamination through airflow may perpetuate viral transmission through infectious droplets [25] . A study analyzing COVID-19 patients from three hospitals in China demonstrated higher positive rates of viral RNA in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, sputum, and
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; patients; rna; sars; study; transmission
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        item: #1129 of 5187
          id: cord-271813-nroflfmc
      author: Deng, Wang
       title: Positive results for patients with COVID-19 discharged form hospital in Chongqing, China
        date: 2020-06-19
       words: 2428
      flesch: 41
     summary: In addition, there is a lack of clinical characteristics, the potential impact and significance of positive patients recovered from COVID-19, which makes it difficult to provide clinical evidence and experience for the management of patients with COVID-19 in the recovery period. With the increasing number of recovered patients, more attention should be paid to the follow-up of these patients.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; hospital; patients; results; sars
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        item: #1130 of 5187
          id: cord-271815-yr1dq258
      author: Hulkower, Rachel L.
       title: Inactivation of surrogate coronaviruses on hard surfaces by health care germicides
        date: 2011-06-30
       words: 4205
      flesch: 42
     summary: These findings are consistent with previous studies of coronavirus disinfection, but this study provides more precise estimates of inactivation on surfaces than have been previously observed with other human coronaviruses, such as 229E. Some previous studies of chemical disinfection of 229E have been limited by cytotoxicity problems that limited the ability to measure infectious virus reduction. 7 Data from surrogate coronaviruses suggest that these viruses can survive for long periods on hard surfaces, potentially posing a continued risk of infection if health care surfaces are not adequately disinfected.
    keywords: coronaviruses; ethanol; germicides; log; reduction; sars; surfaces; virus; viruses
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        item: #1131 of 5187
          id: cord-271849-wxmr8eki
      author: Meysman, Pieter
       title: Tracking SARS-CoV-2 T cells with epitope-T-cell receptor recognition models
        date: 2020-09-09
       words: 2930
      flesch: 50
     summary: In addition, using such models on longitudinal data reveals a potential difference in temporal dynamics between T cells predicted to react against epitopes that are unique to SARS-CoV-2 and those that are shared among other coronaviruses. T-cell immunity of SARS-CoV: Implications for vaccine development against MERS-CoV Understanding the T cell immune response in SARS coronavirus infection Long-lived effector/central memory T-cell responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) S antigen in recovered SARS patients SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell immunity in cases of COVID-19 and SARS, and uninfected controls T cell responses in patients with COVID-19 Kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 specific IgM and IgG responses in COVID-19 patients Convergent Antibody Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibody Responses to SARS-CoV-2 in a COVID-19 Recovered Patient Cohort and Their Implications medRxiv Selective and cross-reactive SARS-CoV-2 T cell epitopes in unexposed humans In silico identification of vaccine targets for 2019-nCoV Bioinformatic prediction of potential T cell epitopes for SARS-Cov-2 Preliminary Identification of Potential Vaccine Targets for the COVID-19 Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) Based on SARS Immunoinformatics-aided identification of T cell and B cell epitopes in the surface glycoprotein of 2019-nCoV Potential T-cell and B-cell Epitopes of 2019-nCoV SARS-CoV-2 epitopes are recognized by a public and diverse repertoire of human T-cell receptors.
    keywords: cell; cov-2; data; epitopes; sars; tcr
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        item: #1132 of 5187
          id: cord-271871-8grkln6o
      author: Singer, J. S.
       title: Low Prevalence (0.13%) of COVID-19 Infection in Asymptomatic Pre-operative/Pre-procedure Patients at a Large Academic Medical Center Informs Approaches to Perioperative Care
        date: 2020-08-14
       words: 2844
      flesch: 36
     summary: The overall very low numbers of COVID-19 positive patients in our data set 374 preclude the ability to extrapolate significance of this finding. The prevalence of asymptomatic COVID-19 infection was 0.13%.
    keywords: asymptomatic; covid-19; infection; patients; pre; procedures; testing
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        item: #1133 of 5187
          id: cord-271915-nvilxnzl
      author: Adachi, D.
       title: Comprehensive detection and identification of human coronaviruses, including the SARS-associated coronavirus, with a single RT-PCR assay
        date: 2004-12-01
       words: 3599
      flesch: 43
     summary: Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Case cluster of the severe acute respiratory syndrome Koch's postulates fulfilled for SARS virus A previously undescribed coronavirus associated with respiratory disease in humans Molecular epidemiology of the novel coronavirus that causes severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronaviruses Comprehensive PCR-based assay for detection and species identification of human herpesviruses A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in a liver transplant recipient and guidelines for donor SARS screening A major outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Mounting lab accidents raise SARS fears Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Clinical progression and viral load in a community outbreak of coronavirus associated SARS pneumonia: a prospective study National Microbiology Laboratory, Canada, Canadian Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Study Team Comparative full-length genome sequence analysis of 14 SARS coronavirus isolates and common mutations associated with putative origins of infections Comparison of immunofluorescence with monoclonal antibodies and RT-PCR for the detection of human coronaviruses 229E and OC43 in cell culture Unique and conserved features of genome and proteome of SARS-coronavirus, an early split-off from the coronavirus group 2 lineage Interpretation of diagnostic laboratory tests for severe acute respiratory syndrome: the Toronto experience The ClustalX Windows interface: flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools A cluster of cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong TREECON for Windows: a software package for the construction and drawing of evolutionary trees for the Microsoft Windows environment Identification of a new human coronavirus SARS in Northern Vietnam Update: severe acute respiratory syndrome-Toronto World Health Organization Multicentre Collaborative Network for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Diagnosis, 2003. key: cord-271915-nvilxnzl authors: Adachi, D.; Johnson, G.; Draker, R.; Ayers, M.; Mazzulli, T.; Talbot, P.J.; Tellier, R. title: Comprehensive detection and identification of human coronaviruses, including the SARS-associated coronavirus, with a single RT-PCR assay date: 2004-12-01 journal: J Virol Methods DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2004.07.008 sha: doc_id: 271915 cord_uid: nvilxnzl The SARS-associated human coronavirus (SARS-HCoV) is a newly described, emerging virus conclusively established as the etiologic agent of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS).
    keywords: assay; coronavirus; hcov; pcr; sars; sequence
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        item: #1134 of 5187
          id: cord-271919-pbs95hy0
      author: Desenclos, Jean-Claude
       title: Introduction of SARS in France, March–April, 2003
        date: 2004-02-17
       words: 3414
      flesch: 49
     summary: Global Surveillance of Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) SARS emergence from uncertainty Use of laboratory methods for SARS diagnosis World Health Organization. Four contacts of SARS cases had an episode of transient, mild or low-grade fever without other signs, including three healthcare workers of the hospital where patient D had been admitted and the passenger seated next to patient A during the AF171 flight.
    keywords: case; contact; days; patient; pcr; persons; sars
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        item: #1135 of 5187
          id: cord-271920-1dzkgt6w
      author: Carpenter, Christopher R.
       title: Diagnosing COVID‐19 in the Emergency Department: A Scoping Review of Clinical Exam, Labs, Imaging Accuracy and Biases
        date: 2020-06-16
       words: 7256
      flesch: 41
     summary: For example, among COVID-19 patients from cruise ships evaluated with CT, those with symptoms more commonly had COVID-19 CT findings than those without symptoms (80% vs. 40%). Emergency departments (ED) encountered decreased patient volumes before some in Seattle, New York City, New Orleans, and Detroit experienced waves of COVID-19 patients mixed with asymptomatic patients or those concerned about potential exposures.
    keywords: accuracy; article; copyright; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; negative; patients; pcr; rrt; sars; sensitivity; tests
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        item: #1136 of 5187
          id: cord-271930-9a18h2tr
      author: Licari, Amelia
       title: Allergy and asthma in children and adolescents during the COVID outbreak: What we know and how we could prevent allergy and asthma flares
        date: 2020-05-28
       words: 1178
      flesch: 40
     summary: Allergic children had a significantly higher (P < .0001) eosinophil count than COVID-19 patients. Even five (12.5%) COVID-19 children have no (0) eosinophil.
    keywords: children; covid-19; patients
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        item: #1137 of 5187
          id: cord-271944-oxtus5vb
      author: Joseph, Rudman
       title: Seizure And COVID-19: Association and Review of Potential Mechanism
        date: 2020-10-13
       words: 2363
      flesch: 42
     summary: We will be concluding the paper by briefly discussing the three possible seizure development mechanisms in patients infected with SARS- COV 2, which includes - (a) Direct Mechanism (b) Indirect Mechanism and (c) Exacerbation of Seizure in Patients with Epilepsy (PWE). We have discussed the electroencephalogram (EEG), imaging, and Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings in COVID-19 patients presenting with seizure.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; patients; sars; seizures
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        item: #1138 of 5187
          id: cord-271978-j5enftje
      author: Zoltán, Köntös
       title: In Vitro Efficacy of “Essential Iodine Drops” Against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
        date: 2020-11-10
       words: 2912
      flesch: 40
     summary: The virucidal activity of Essential Iodine Drops against SARS-CoV-2 was tested in three dilutions; 1:1; 2:1 and 3:1. Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic: Built Environment Considerations To Reduce Transmission Transmission Potential of SARS-CoV-2 in Viral Shedding Observed at the University of Aerosol and Surface Stability of SARS-CoV-2 as Compared with SARS-CoV-1 Air, Surface Environmental, and Personal Protective Equipment Contamination by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) From a Symptomatic Patient Modality of human expired aerosol size distributions Small droplet aerosols in poorly ventilated spaces and SARS-CoV-2 transmission Physical distancing, face masks, and eye protection to prevent person-to-person transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis Mask use during COVID-19: A risk adjusted strategy The Use of Povidone Iodine Nasal Spray and Mouthwash During the Current COVID-19 Pandemic May Protect Healthcare Workers and Reduce Cross Infection A Comparison of the Effectiveness of Tincture of Iodine and Potassium Iodide on Chronic Sinusitis Patients with Biofilm Povidone-Iodine Use in Sinonasal and Oral Cavities: A Review of Safety in the COVID-19 Era In Vitro Efficacy of Povidone-Iodine Nasal And Oral Antiseptic Preparations Against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Rapid In-Vitro Inactivation of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Using Povidone-Iodine Oral Antiseptic Rinse ACE2 receptor expression and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection depend on differentiation of human airway epithelia An unusual complication of late onset allergic contact dermatitis to povidone iodine in oral & maxillofacial surgery -a report of 2 cases Anaphylactic reaction to povidone secondary to drug ingestion in a young child I am particularly grateful for the service given by Jonna B. Westover with The Institute for Antiviral Research at Utah State University.
    keywords: covid-19; eid; iodine; pvp; sars; seconds; virus
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        item: #1139 of 5187
          id: cord-271998-hdkmwihu
      author: Rabenau, H. F.
       title: SARS-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and the safety of a solvent/detergent (S/D) treated immunoglobulin preparation
        date: 2005-06-30
       words: 3075
      flesch: 45
     summary: Furthermore, the purpose of this validation study was to investigate the impact of a significantly lowered concentration of TNBP and Octoxynol (75% of standard SD concentration, i.e. 0.23% (w/w) TNBP/0.75% (w/w) Octoxynol) on virus inactivation. This starting material (with only 0.23% [w/w] TNBP and 0.75% [w/w] Octoxynol) was incubated at 6.0 G 0.5 C for 30 min. To determine the kinetics of virus inactivation, test samples were taken at predefined intervals during the process (1, 3, 5, 10, 20 and 30 min).
    keywords: cov; inactivation; process; sars; treatment; virus; viruses
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        item: #1140 of 5187
          id: cord-272009-yxjhfg7m
      author: Cui, Jie
       title: Evolutionary Relationships between Bat Coronaviruses and Their Hosts
        date: 2007-10-17
       words: 3547
      flesch: 48
     summary: We examined the evolutionary relationships between bat CoVs and their hosts by using sequence data of the virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase gene and the bat cytochrome b gene. We examined the evolutionary relationships between bat CoVs and their hosts by using sequence data of the virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase gene and the bat cytochrome b gene.
    keywords: bats; covs; host; sars; shifts; species; viruses
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        item: #1141 of 5187
          id: cord-272010-kc0gi3cj
      author: Anand, Sai Priya
       title: Interaction of Human ACE2 to Membrane-Bound SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 S Glycoproteins
        date: 2020-09-29
       words: 3691
      flesch: 43
     summary: A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Furin Cleavage Site Is Key to SARS-CoV-2 Pathogenesis Structural basis of receptor recognition by SARS-CoV-2 A pH-dependent switch mediates conformational masking of SARS-CoV-2 spike Structures and distributions of SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins on intact virions Characterization of the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of 2019 novel coronavirus: Implication for development of RBD protein as a viral attachment inhibitor and vaccine Trimeric SARS-CoV-2 Spike interacts with dimeric ACE2 with limited intra-Spike avidity SARS-CoV-2 and three related coronaviruses utilize multiple ACE2 orthologs and are potently blocked by an improved ACE2-Ig Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 spike pseudotyped virus by recombinant ACE2-Ig The membrane-proximal intracytoplasmic tyrosine residue of HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein is critical for basolateral targeting of viral budding in MDCK cells Cross-sectional evaluation of humoral responses against SARS-CoV-2 Spike The Hill equation revisited: Uses and misuses Cooperativity in Binding Processes: New Insights from Phenomenological Modeling Tracking Changes in SARS-CoV-2 Spike: Evidence that D614G Increases Infectivity of the COVID-19 Virus Decline of humoral responses against SARS-CoV-2 Spike in convalescent individuals The D614G mutation in the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein reduces S1 shedding and increases infectivity Potent binding of 2019 novel coronavirus spike protein by a SARS coronavirus-specific human monoclonal antibody Human monoclonal antibody combination against SARS coronavirus: Synergy and coverage of escape mutants Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 by Destruction of the Prefusion Spike The sequence of human ACE2 is suboptimal for binding the S spike protein of SARS coronavirus 2 Engineering human ACE2 to optimize binding to the spike protein of SARS coronavirus 2 Controlling the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein conformation Cryo-EM structure of the SARS coronavirus spike glycoprotein in complex with its host cell receptor ACE2 We observed a higher neutralization potency of sACE2 against SARS-CoV-2 S (wt or D614G) when compared to SARS-CoV-1 (Table 1) .
    keywords: ace2; binding; cells; cov-2; rbd; rbds; receptor; sars; spike; state
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        item: #1142 of 5187
          id: cord-272019-4uua0zgp
      author: Sun, Wei
       title: Changes in coagulation and fibrinolysis of post-SARS osteonecrosis in a Chinese population
        date: 2006-03-18
       words: 2231
      flesch: 43
     summary: [27] studied early and late stage Chinese ON patients and found blood changes in these patients and thought thrombophilia and hypofibrinolysis was present at every stage of ON patients in China. A majority of post-SARS ON patients have the tendency to develop thrombophilia and hypofibrinolysis.
    keywords: coagulation; hypofibrinolysis; osteonecrosis; patients; sars
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        item: #1143 of 5187
          id: cord-272113-j82z4q8x
      author: Akaji, Kenichi
       title: Design and Evaluation of Anti-SARS-Coronavirus Agents Based on Molecular Interactions with the Viral Protease
        date: 2020-08-27
       words: 6474
      flesch: 38
     summary: Design, synthesis, biological evaluation, and docking studies Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel dipeptide-type SARS-CoV 3CL protease inhibitors: Structure-activity relationship study Design, synthesis and crystallographic analysis of nitrile-based broad-spectrum peptidomimetic inhibitors for coronavirus 3C-like proteases Peptide aldehyde inhibitors challenge the substrate specificity of the SARS-coronavirus main protease Synthesis, modification and docking studies of 5-sulfonyl isatin derivatives as SARS-CoV 3C-like protease inhibitors Chalcones isolated from Angelica keiskei inhibit cysteine proteases of SARS-CoV Evaluation of polyphenols from Broussonetia papyrifera as coronavirus protease inhibitors Virtual screening identification of novel severe acute respiratory syndrome 3C-like protease inhibitors and in vitro confirmation Structure-based virtual screening against SARS-3CL(pro) to identify novel non-peptidic hits Identification of novel drug scaffolds for inhibition of SARS-CoV 3-Chymotrypsin-like protease using virtual and high-throughput screenings Discovery, synthesis, and structure-based optimization of a series of N-(tert-butyl)-2-(N-arylamido)-2-(pyridin-3-yl) acetamides (ML188) as potent noncovalent small molecule inhibitors of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) 3CL protease Discovery of N-(benzo[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl)-N-(benzyl)acetamido)phenyl) carboxamides as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) 3CL pro inhibitors: Identification of ML300 and noncovalent nanomolar inhibitors with an induced-fit binding Design and synthesis of a series of serine derivatives as small molecule inhibitors of the SARS coronavirus 3CL protease Fused-ring structure of decahydroisoquinolin as a novel scaffold for SARS 3CL protease inhibitors Evaluation of a non-prime site substituent and warheads combined with a decahydroisoquinolin scaffold as a SARS 3CL protease inhibitor Inhibition of SARS-CoV 3CL protease by flavonoids COVID-19: Recent studies on the catalytic mechanism of the SARS-CoV 3CL pro and MERS-CoV 3CL pro revealed detailed insights regarding the difference in catalytic efficiencies between 3CL pro from SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, and identified a potential allosteric site for inhibitor design.
    keywords: 3cl; 3cl pro; coronavirus; cov; cov 3cl; group; inhibitor; pro; protease; sars; site; structure; substrate
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        item: #1144 of 5187
          id: cord-272135-a09bf50o
      author: Brouqui, Philippe
       title: Infection control in the management of highly pathogenic infectious diseases: consensus of the European Network of Infectious Disease
        date: 2009-04-22
       words: 6631
      flesch: 39
     summary: The examination should be kept as short as possible to answer the clinical questions • For HLIU-admitted patients, bedside radiography should be provided to avoid transport of patients; radiographic equipment should then be kept in the HLIU • Radiographs should be interpreted only by a designated radiologist who is aware of infection-control procedures, and by use of a picture-archiving and communication system, if available 84 • For ultrasound scanning, a sonographic scanner should be designated as a portable radiograph to be used only for HID patients • For CT or MRI, we strongly recommend that the department appoints a staff member to monitor and ensure that all department staff fully comply with the infection-control measures according to the guidelines • Designated sessions or hours, either out of offi ce hours or at the end of a session, should be assigned for such patients • Treat HID patients who require dialysis at their bedside with either peritoneal dialysis or haemodialysis • Designate dedicated haemodialysis machines • Decontaminate dialysate as infectious waste Post-mortem examination • Risks and benefi ts must be carefully considered • Limited autopsy or post-mortem collection of blood and percutaneous biopsy are preferred • The topics selected were as follows: patient's criteria for admission to the HLIU, admission to the emergency department, safe sampling for laboratory investigation, isolation of suspected HID patient in HLIU, intensive-care management of HID patients, HID in paediatric patients, practice of invasive procedures such as bronchoscopy and gastroscopy, radio imaging, renal dialysis, and post-mortem examination of HID patients.
    keywords: care; control; health; hid; hliu; infection; isolation; laboratory; patients; respiratory; risk; sars; syndrome; transmission
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        item: #1145 of 5187
          id: cord-272179-wvw5mmy3
      author: Calderaro, Adriana
       title: Human respiratory viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, circulating in the winter season 2019-2020 in Parma, Northern Italy
        date: 2020-10-02
       words: 1098
      flesch: 38
     summary: Coronavirus Disease Genomic characterization of the 2019 novel human-pathogenic coronavirus isolated from a patient with atypical pneumonia after visiting Wuhan First two months of the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) epidemic in China: real-time surveillance and evaluation with a second derivative model Epidemiology of human respiratory viruses in children with acute respiratory tract infection in a 3-year hospital-based survey in Northern Italy Mammalian Diaphanous-related formin-1 restricts early phases of influenza A/NWS/33 virus (H1N1) infection in LLC-MK2 cells by affecting cytoskeleton dynamics Risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 among patients in the Oxford Royal College of General Practitioners Research and Surveillance Centre primary care network: a cross-sectional study Coronaviruses and SARS-COV-2 Incidence and seasonality of respiratory viruses causing acute respiratory infections in the Northern United Arab Emirates Positive rate of RT-PCR detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection in 4880 cases from one hospital in Multiple versus single virus respiratory infections: viral load and clinical disease severity in hospitalized children Viruses as Sole Causative Agents of Severe Acute Respiratory Tract Infections in Children Mixed respiratory virus infections Cresce la popolazione del Parmense 2019-nCoV (Wuhan virus), a novel Coronavirus: human-to-human transmission, travel-related cases, and vaccine readiness Etiology and clinical outcomes of acute respiratory virus infection in hospitalized adults The outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia calls vaccines Respiratory viral infections in infants: causes, clinical symptoms, virology, and immunology Respiratory virus surveillance in hospitalised pneumonia patients on the Thailand-Myanmar border World Health Organization. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of respiratory virus infections, including SARS-CoV-2, during December 2019 – March 2020, in a tertiary care hospital-based survey in Parma (Northern Italy).
    keywords: cov-2; infections; sars; viruses
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        item: #1146 of 5187
          id: cord-272211-nkv6irr7
      author: Hagan, Liesl M.
       title: Mass Testing for SARS-CoV-2 in 16 Prisons and Jails — Six Jurisdictions, United States, April–May 2020
        date: 2020-08-21
       words: 3021
      flesch: 35
     summary: Mass testing increased total known cases from 642 (range = 2-181, median = 19) before mass testing to 8,239 (range = 10-2,193, median = 403) after mass testing ( Figure) , representing a 1.5-157-fold increase (median 12.3-fold) in each facility. In two federal prisons, all persons who had tested negative during mass testing events and had subsequently been quarantined as close contacts of persons testing positive were retested after 7 days.
    keywords: cov-2; facilities; mass; persons; sars; testing
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        item: #1147 of 5187
          id: cord-272241-2fwz8z8n
      author: Kumar, Amit
       title: Exploring the SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins for multi-epitope vaccine development: an in-silico approach
        date: 2020-09-09
       words: 4612
      flesch: 42
     summary: WHO | Coronavirus disease World Health Organization Immunization with SARS Coronavirus vaccines leads to pulmonary immunopathology on challenge with the SARS virus Insights into the immunological properties of intrinsically disordered malaria proteins using proteome scale predictions The authors would like to thank IIT Mandi for research facilities. Microbes Infect Molecular basis of COVID-19 relationships in different species: a one health perspective Structural and evolutionary analysis indicate that the SARS-CoV-2 Mpro is a challenging target for small-molecule inhibitor design Probable molecular mechanism of remdesivir for the treatment of COVID-19: need to know more Preliminary identification of potential vaccine targets for the COVID-19 Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) based on SARS-CoV immunological studies A DNA vaccine induces SARS coronavirus neutralization and protective immunity in mice This important paper detail about vaccine development Identification of an epitope of SARS-coronavirus nucleocapsid protein Long-lived memory T lymphocyte responses against SARS coronavirus nucleocapsid protein in SARS-recovered patients Lack of peripheral memory B cell responses in recovered patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome: a six-year follow-up study Virus-specific memory CD8 T cells provide substantial protection from lethal severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Designing B-and T-cell multi-epitope based subunit vaccine using immunoinformatics approach to control Zika virus infection Strategic development of a next-generation multi-epitope vaccine to prevent nipah virus zoonotic infection In silico/
    keywords: cell; complex; construct; coronavirus; cov-2; epitopes; prediction; protein; residues; sars; server; structure; vaccine
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        item: #1148 of 5187
          id: cord-272292-k0ugjb6f
      author: Liu, Shih-Jen
       title: Immunological characterizations of the nucleocapsid protein based SARS vaccine candidates
        date: 2006-04-12
       words: 4978
      flesch: 51
     summary: Like other viruses with spike proteins on the viral surface, coronaviruses have been shown to elicit enhancement of disease through non-neutralizing spike protein-specific antibodies [3] , so vaccines that elicit T-cell immunity against SARS proteins are likely to receive more-favorable clinical attention. The generation of IgG2a antibodies following DNA immunization of N protein suggested that there was a significant Th1-type response [16] .
    keywords: cell; cpg; epitopes; isa; mice; peptides; protein; residues; sars
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        item: #1149 of 5187
          id: cord-272318-8yfg1j0o
      author: Reddy, Sujan T.
       title: Cerebrovascular Disease in Patients with COVID-19: A Review of the Literature and Case Series
        date: 2020-06-11
       words: 3399
      flesch: 39
     summary: In addition, patients with severe pneumonia (as defined by American Thoracic Society guidelines for community-acquired pneumonia) from COVID-19 infection were also more likely to develop new-onset CVD. Viral neurotropism, endothelial dysfunction, coagulopathy and inflammation are plausible proposed mechanisms of CVD in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: brain; case; covid-19; cvd; disease; infection; patients; series; stroke
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        item: #1150 of 5187
          id: cord-272405-jmwn8pdn
      author: Parvez, Mohammad K.
       title: Evolution and Emergence of Pathogenic Viruses: Past, Present, and Future
        date: 2017-08-04
       words: 4198
      flesch: 37
     summary: The established natural reservoirs of human viruses are mainly farm animals, and, to a lesser extent, wild animals and arthropods. The established natural reservoirs of human viruses are mainly farm animals, and, to a lesser extent, wild animals and arthropods.
    keywords: control; emergence; human; infections; new; novel; pathogens; reservoirs; transmission; virus; viruses
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        item: #1151 of 5187
          id: cord-272414-oo8kcuf3
      author: Chiocchetti, Roberto
       title: ACE2 Expression in the Cat and the Tiger Gastrointestinal Tracts
        date: 2020-08-13
       words: 3034
      flesch: 42
     summary: Gastroenterology COVID-19: focus on the lungs but do not forget the gastrointestinal tract Differential expression of neuronal ACE2 in transgenic mice with overexpression of the brain renin-angiotensin system Does SARS-Cov-2 invade the brain? bioRxiv Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Evidence for gastrointestinal infection of SARS-CoV-2 Persistent infection of SARS coronavirus in colonic cells in vitro Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus.
    keywords: ace2; cats; cells; cov-2; gastrointestinal; human; sars
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        item: #1152 of 5187
          id: cord-272419-y3ebt4jm
      author: Monari, Caterina
       title: A Focus on the Nowadays Potential Antiviral Strategies in Early Phase of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19): A Narrative Review
        date: 2020-08-09
       words: 6494
      flesch: 40
     summary: However, currently, there are very few data regarding the efficacy and safety profile of DRV/c in COVID-19 patients. However, a recent paper by Stauffer et al. has highlighted the relevant role that ivermectine may play in COVID-19 patients in preventing Strongyloides hyperinfection, which is a potential fatal complication secondary to the administration of dexamethasone [77] .
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; efficacy; hcq; infection; lpv; patients; remdesivir; sars; study; treatment; trial
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        item: #1153 of 5187
          id: cord-272423-o5yinjcz
      author: Mao, Xiao-Yuan
       title: iPSCs-Derived Platform: A Feasible Tool for Probing the Neurotropism of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-08-25
       words: 1224
      flesch: 37
     summary: With respect to human brain organoids employed by Yuen and colleagues, a previous study also unambiguously proved the neurotrophic property of SARS-CoV-2 in the brain, 9 which once again highlights the advantages of brain organoids in the evaluation of CNS infection by the virus. Brain organoids could also be employed in this work to evaluate whether SARS-CoV-2 infected the human brain.
    keywords: brain; cov-2; sars
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        item: #1154 of 5187
          id: cord-272445-0xauff51
      author: Naaber, Paul
       title: Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody response in PCR positive patients: Comparison of nine tests in relation to clinical data
        date: 2020-10-27
       words: 2752
      flesch: 45
     summary: Given the large variability in antibody tests, discrepancies between test results are expected. We found a remarkable variation in the sensitivity of antibody tests with the following performance: LIPS N (91.8%), Epitope (85.6%), Abbott and in-house LIPS S-RBD (both 84.5%), Roche (83.5%), Euroimmun (82.5%), DiaSorin (81.4%), SNIBE (70.1%), and Biosensor (64.9%).
    keywords: antibody; covid-19; patients; results; tests
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        item: #1155 of 5187
          id: cord-272450-8a3ir06y
      author: Iwen, Peter C
       title: Safety Considerations in the Laboratory Testing of Specimens Suspected or Known to Contain the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
        date: 2020-03-19
       words: 1734
      flesch: 26
     summary: The purpose of this report is to provide a clear and concise understanding of laboratory biosafety practices necessary to prepare laboratorians to safely process clinical specimens from a patient that might contain this new pathogen. As a part of this, ❚Table 2❚ defines some of the other core processes that need to be in place to support laboratory biosafety practices when handling a specimen from a patient under investigation for COVID-19.
    keywords: cov-2; laboratory; practices; sars; specimens
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        item: #1156 of 5187
          id: cord-272501-byfxqsbu
      author: Motta, Juan Camilo
       title: Adenovirus and novel coronavirus (SARS-Cov2) coinfection: A case report
        date: 2020-08-22
       words: 1510
      flesch: 42
     summary: key: cord-272501-byfxqsbu authors: Motta, Juan Camilo; Gómez, Carmen Cecilia title: Adenovirus and novel coronavirus (SARS-Cov2) coinfection: A case report date: 2020-08-22 journal: IDCases DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2020.e00936 sha: doc_id: 272501 cord_uid: byfxqsbu SARS-Cov2 coinfection with other respiratory viruses is very rare. Although SARS-Cov2 coinfection with other respiratory viruses is rare, it is associated with a worse clinical outcome.
    keywords: coinfection; cov2; covid-19; patients; sars
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        item: #1157 of 5187
          id: cord-272566-rtnhndw3
      author: Robertson, M.
       title: A national prospective cohort study of SARS/COV2 pandemic outcomes in the U.S.: The CHASING COVID Cohort
        date: 2020-05-04
       words: 5164
      flesch: 50
     summary: Following baseline questionnaire completion, study participants will be contacted monthly (for 6 months) to complete assessments of engagement in non-pharmaceutical interventions (e.g., use of cloth masks, avoiding large gatherings); COVID-19 symptoms; SARS/COV2 testing and diagnosis; hospitalizations; healthcare access; and uptake of health messaging. Study participants were recruited via social media platforms (e.g., Facebook, Instagram, and Scruff) or via referral to the study.
    keywords: cov2; covid-19; funder; license; medrxiv; participants; perpetuity; preprint; sars; study; version
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        item: #1158 of 5187
          id: cord-272573-wxqly479
      author: Maia Chagas, Andre
       title: Leveraging open hardware to alleviate the burden of COVID-19 on global health systems
        date: 2020-04-24
       words: 5088
      flesch: 48
     summary: Most of the technology discussed above is classed as a medical device when used in a diagnostic or clinical setting; a challenge faced by only a small number of existing open hardware devices and therefore in need of further research. [Internet Return on investment for open source scientific hardware development How poorer countries are scrambling to prevent a coronavirus disaster 3D printing and milling a real-time PCR device for infectious disease diagnostics A Customized Bolus Produced Using a 3-Dimensional Printer for Radiotherapy A low-cost and small USV platform for water quality monitoring A Portable 3D Printer System for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria A versatile and low-cost open source pipetting robot for automation of toxicological and ecotoxicological bioassays Smart Citizen Kit and Station: An open environmental monitoring system for citizen participation and scientific experimentation PlasmoTron: an open-source platform for automated culture of malaria parasites Open(G)PIAS: An Open-Source Solution for the Construction of a High-Precision Acoustic Startle Response Setup for Tinnitus Screening and Threshold Estimation in Rodents Open-source automated external defibrillator RSG Safety-EN Standards & Approvals European standards for medical supplies freely available.
    keywords: community; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; detection; example; fosh; hardware; masks; rna; sars; source; testing; use; ventilators
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        item: #1159 of 5187
          id: cord-272602-rywg9mek
      author: Allison, James R
       title: Evaluating aerosol and splatter following dental procedures: addressing new challenges for oral healthcare and rehabilitation
        date: 2020-09-23
       words: 4958
      flesch: 42
     summary: OBJECTIVE(S): To develop a robust, reliable and valid methodology to evaluate distribution and persistence of dental aerosol and splatter, including the evaluation of clinical procedures. Hence, dental aerosols and splatter are likely to be a high-risk mode of transmission for SARS-CoV-2, and it is highly likely that international clinical protocols across the spectrum of dental practice will need to be significantly modified to allow a safe return to routine care.
    keywords: aerosol; air; analysis; contamination; dental; distribution; filter; papers; procedures; splatter; suction
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        item: #1160 of 5187
          id: cord-272603-nbosceoz
      author: Lin, Qiuyuan
       title: Microfluidic Immunoassays for Sensitive and Simultaneous Detection of IgG/IgM/Antigen of SARS-CoV-2 within 15 min
        date: 2020-07-02
       words: 1883
      flesch: 36
     summary: The determination of specific antibodies (such as immunoglobulin G/M, IgG/M) and antigen is an easy, fast, reliable, and accessible strategy for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 as well as efficient and large-scale screening of suspected cases at point-of-care settings. The combination of multiple biomarker detection offers outstanding performance such as improving the sensitivity and accuracy for SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis.
    keywords: cov-2; detection; figure; fluorescence; sars
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        item: #1161 of 5187
          id: cord-272626-bw9lbzvt
      author: Pizzorno, Andrés
       title: Characterization and treatment of SARS-CoV-2 in nasal and bronchial human airway epithelia
        date: 2020-04-02
       words: 2057
      flesch: 24
     summary: On top of that, we observed an additional 1.3 log10 reduction in nasal HAE viral titers for the remdesivir-diltiazem combination when compared with remdesivir monotherapy. As previously observed in structural studies of other coronaviruses, notably SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV (15-18), we distinguished characteristic clusters in the perinuclear region of infected HAE cells.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; fig; hae; nasal; remdesivir; sars
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        item: #1162 of 5187
          id: cord-272633-2vmdf9j6
      author: Wong, Gary W.K.
       title: Out of the East – Emerging infections
        date: 2006-06-05
       words: 1365
      flesch: 46
     summary: Lack of H5N1 avian influenza transmission to hospital employees Human disease from influenza A (H5N1) Pathology of fatal human infection associated with avian influenza A H5N1 virus Before the outbreak of human infection of avian influenza started in Hong Kong in 1997, there were reports of outbreaks of fatal avian influenza in chicken farms in Hong Kong.
    keywords: avian; h5n1; human; influenza
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        item: #1163 of 5187
          id: cord-272653-01wck9f3
      author: Isaacs, David
       title: Apocalypse perhaps
        date: 2020-08-24
       words: 1894
      flesch: 55
     summary: The exact starting date of the novel coronavirus pandemic COVID-19 will never be known, but China informed the World Health Organization (WHO) about the disease on New Year's Eve, 31 December 2019. National pandemic responses vary depending on priorities: different leaders have prioritised saving lives and saving the economy differently.
    keywords: covid-19; health; pandemic; people; war
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        item: #1164 of 5187
          id: cord-272654-hh29olk7
      author: Bošnjak, Berislav
       title: Low serum neutralizing anti-SARS-CoV-2 S antibody levels in mildly affected COVID-19 convalescent patients revealed by two different detection methods
        date: 2020-11-02
       words: 6125
      flesch: 44
     summary: Positive correlation between total anti-S1 protein and neutralizing antibody levels in sera of convalescent individuals with mild COVID- 19 We then analyzed the correlation between total levels of anti-S1 IgG and IgA and the amount of neutralizing antibodies in our cohort of mild COVID-19 convalescent patients and healthy controls. Combining pVNT and sVNT, we found that~90% of recovered patients with mild COVID-19 possessed neutralizing serum antibodies.
    keywords: antibodies; antibody; convalescent; cov-2; covid-19; fig; igg; levels; patients; sars; svnt
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        item: #1165 of 5187
          id: cord-272681-u3p0hsla
      author: Vargas-Gandica, Jair
       title: Ageusia and anosmia, a common sign of COVID-19? A case series from four countries
        date: 2020-07-14
       words: 1513
      flesch: 40
     summary: Recent data suggest that smell and taste disorders may be significantly more frequent among COVID-19 patients than influenza patients (Hopkins et al. 2020; Lechner et al. 2020; Lee et al. 2020; Moein et al. 2020; Reinhard et al. 2020; Tong et al. 2020 ). Clinical, laboratory and imaging features of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis Tracing new clinical manifestations in patients with COVID-19 in Chile and its potential relationship with the SARS-CoV-2 divergence Postviral olfactory loss The prevalence of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis The olfactory nerve: a shortcut for influenza and other viral diseases into the central nervous system Guillain-Barre syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection: causality or coincidence? Publisher's note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations
    keywords: covid-19; patients
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        item: #1166 of 5187
          id: cord-272690-r8lv1zzx
      author: St. John, Ronald K.
       title: Border Screening for SARS
        date: 2005-01-17
       words: 2648
      flesch: 48
     summary: To mitigate the risk of importing SARS cases from other internationally affected areas, Health Canada distributed passenger health alert notices (HANs) for incoming passengers from affected areas in Southeast Asia on March 18, 2003. With the advent of SARS transmission in Toronto, Health Canada implemented similar HANs in a different color (cherry) to mitigate the risk of exporting SARS cases.
    keywords: canada; health; measures; passengers; sars; screening
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        item: #1167 of 5187
          id: cord-272702-7uc4ozjy
      author: Graham, T. G. W.
       title: Inexpensive, versatile and open-source methods for SARS-CoV-2 detection
        date: 2020-09-18
       words: 8080
      flesch: 51
     summary: It is conceivable that sample degradation contributed to the observed reduction in sensitivity, as RNA samples were frozen after being assayed with TaqPath, stored at -80°C for 1 week, and thawed for testing with BEARmix. . Probe mixture (Integrated DNA Technologies, Cat. #10006606), RNA sample, and water to a final volume of 20 µl.
    keywords: addition; amplification; cov-2; fig; min; qpcr; rna; samples; sars; swab
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        item: #1168 of 5187
          id: cord-272734-kawim93f
      author: Freire-Paspuel, Byron
       title: Evaluation of nCoV-QS (MiCo BioMed) for RT-qPCR detection of SARS-CoV-2 from nasopharyngeal samples using CDC FDA EUA qPCR kit as a gold standard: an example of the need of validation studies
        date: 2020-05-22
       words: 1249
      flesch: 51
     summary: key: cord-272734-kawim93f authors: Freire-Paspuel, Byron; Vega-Mariño, Patricio; Velez, Alberto; Castillo, Paulina; Cruz, Marilyn; Garcia-Bereguiain, Miguel Angel title: Evaluation of nCoV-QS (MiCo BioMed) for RT-qPCR detection of SARS-CoV-2 from nasopharyngeal samples using CDC FDA EUA qPCR kit as a gold standard: an example of the need of validation studies date: 2020-05-22 journal: J Clin Virol DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104454 sha: doc_id: 272734 cord_uid: kawim93f BACKGROUND: Several qPCR kits are available for SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis, mostly lacking of evaluation due to covid19 emergency. Both CoV-QS and 2019-nCoV CDC EUA kits were used at SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis laboratory LabGal at Agencia de Regulación y Control de la Bioseguridad y Cuarentena para Galápagos at Puerto Ayora in Galapagos Islands (Ecuador), where we considered this validation necessary to guarantee the sensibility of SARS-CoV-2 during the surveillance.
    keywords: cdc; kit; ncov; sars
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        item: #1169 of 5187
          id: cord-272759-dqkjofw2
      author: Small, Michael
       title: Super-spreaders and the rate of transmission of the SARS virus
        date: 2006-03-15
       words: 7582
      flesch: 57
     summary: An alternative approach [8] , particularly popular for the study of sexually transmitted diseases [9] [10] [11] , is to build an explicit network and model disease transmission along the links. • Theoretical results and model simulations are unlike the true data, unless exposure time is significantly greater than an average of three days (Sections 2.2 and 3.3).
    keywords: infection; model; number; probability; sars; transmission
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        item: #1170 of 5187
          id: cord-272902-kdkyzfjv
      author: Naghibzadeh, Mahmoud
       title: Developing an ultra-efficient microsatellite discoverer to find structural differences between SARS-CoV-1 and Covid-19
        date: 2020-05-21
       words: 5415
      flesch: 55
     summary: Kmer-SSR is a package which detects simple sequence repeats of all sizes. For example, when a microsatellite with core subsequence TCG with 20 times repetition is reported, geneticists can easily interpret that for example, there is a microsatellite with core sequence CGT which is repeated 19 (or 20) times, and there is no need to highly increase the number of reported microsatellites.
    keywords: core; coronavirus; covid-19; genome; microsatellites; number; repeats; sequence
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        item: #1171 of 5187
          id: cord-272956-0yumc7em
      author: Gnavi, Roberto
       title: Therapy With Agents Acting on the Renin-Angiotensin System and Risk of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection
        date: 2020-05-22
       words: 1772
      flesch: 40
     summary: The study was conducted using data retrieved from the regional surveillance system of confirmed CVi cases. However, as studies gathering a large population of confirmed cases require time and may be demanding, smaller but more timely studies can contribute to give answers to urgent public health questions.
    keywords: agents; angiotensin; cases; cvi; patients
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        item: #1172 of 5187
          id: cord-272986-ebgusf3o
      author: Cao, Yipeng
       title: Computational Study of Ions and Water Permeation and Transportation Mechanisms of the SARS-CoV-2 Pentameric E Protein Channel
        date: 2020-05-17
       words: 4342
      flesch: 48
     summary: A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China Structure validation by Cα geometry: ϕ, ψ and Cβ deviation Molecular dynamics simulations of membrane channels and transporters A single polar residue and distinct membrane topologies impact the function of the infectious bronchitis coronavirus E protein SARS coronavirus E protein forms cation-selective ion channels MERS coronavirus envelope protein has a single transmembrane domain that forms pentameric ion channels Ion channels of excitable membranes Theoretical and computational models of biological ion channels Functional annotation of ion channel structures by molecular simulation Permeation process of small molecules across lipid membranes studied by molecular dynamics simulations Molecular transport through membranes: Accurate permeability coefficients from multidimensional potentials of mean force and local diffusion constants Effect of field direction on electrowetting in a nanopore Voltage gating of a biomimetic nanopore: Electrowetting of a hydrophobic barrier Viroporins: structure and biological functions Ion channel voltage sensors: structure, function, and pathophysiology Designing a hydrophobic barrier within biomimetic nanopores STIM1 activates CRAC channels through rotation of the pore helix to open a hydrophobic gate 376-Relaxation studies on cell membranes and lipid bilayers in the high electric field range CAVER 3.0: a tool for the analysis of transport pathways in dynamic protein structures COVID-19 infection: origin, transmission, and characteristics of human coronaviruses The disintegration of the ion equilibrium of the intracellular area affect the charges coming from the cell through ion channels in the cell membrane, changing the pH and making it easier for the virus to fuse with the cell membrane.
    keywords: channel; coronavirus; e protein; ion; ions; pore; protein; sars; water
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        item: #1173 of 5187
          id: cord-273035-sewfb3q8
      author: Kang, Xixiong
       title: Proteomic Fingerprints for Potential Application to Early Diagnosis of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
        date: 2005-01-01
       words: 4137
      flesch: 44
     summary: Among the retrospective samples, only 74 were selected from probable patients whose blood samples were collected with onset of fever within 7 days at the time of admission (acute SARS patients; Table 1 ). Serum samples were grouped into acute SARS (n = 74; <7 days after onset of fever) and non-SARS [n = 1067; fever and influenza A (n = 203), pneumonia (n = 176); lung cancer (n = 29); and healthy controls (n = 659)] cohorts.
    keywords: mass; non; patients; peak; samples; sars; serum; set; spectra
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        item: #1174 of 5187
          id: cord-273064-c58nf9vb
      author: Hallowell, Benjamin D.
       title: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Prevalence, Seroprevalence, and Exposure among Evacuees from Wuhan, China, 2020
        date: 2020-09-17
       words: 3535
      flesch: 39
     summary: key: cord-273064-c58nf9vb authors: Hallowell, Benjamin D.; Carlson, Christina M.; Jacobs, Jesica R.; Pomeroy, Mary; Steinberg, Jonathan; Tenforde, Mark W.; McDonald, Emily; Foster, Loretta; Feldstein, Leora R.; Rolfes, Melissa A.; Haynes, Amber; Abedi, Glen R.; Odongo, George S.; Saruwatari, Kim; Rider, Errin C.; Douville, Gina; Bhakta, Neenaben; Maniatis, Panagiotis; Lindstrom, Stephen; Thornburg, Natalie J.; Lu, Xiaoyan; Whitaker, Brett L.; Kamili, Shifaq; Sakthivel, Senthilkumar K.; Wang, Lijuan; Malapati, Lakshmi; Murray, Janna R.; Lynch, Brian; Cetron, Martin; Brown, Clive; Roohi, Shahrokh; Rotz, Lisa; Borntrager, Denise; Ishii, Kenta; Moser, Kathleen; Rasheed, Mohammad; Freeman, Brandi; Lester, Sandra; Corbett, Kizzmekia S.; Abiona, Olubukola M.; Hutchinson, Geoffrey B.; Graham, Barney S.; Pesik, Nicki; Mahon, Barbara; Braden, Christopher; Behravesh, Casey Barton; Stewart, Rebekah; Knight, Nancy; Hall, Aron J.; Killerby, Marie E. title: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Prevalence, Seroprevalence, and Exposure among Evacuees from Wuhan, China, 2020 date: 2020-09-17 journal: Emerg Infect Dis DOI: 10.3201/eid2609.201590 sha: doc_id: 273064 cord_uid: c58nf9vb To determine prevalence of, seroprevalence of, and potential exposure to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) among a cohort of evacuees returning to the United States from Wuhan, China, in January 2020, we conducted a cross-sectional study of quarantined evacuees from 1 repatriation flight. To determine prevalence of, seroprevalence of, and potential exposure to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) among a cohort of evacuees returning to the United States from Wuhan, China, in January 2020, we conducted a cross-sectional study of quarantined evacuees from 1 repatriation flight.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; evacuees; sars; states; united; wuhan
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        item: #1175 of 5187
          id: cord-273074-k8m917i4
      author: Fu, Chao-Yang
       title: Preparation and evaluation of anti-SARS coronavirus IgY from yolks of immunized SPF chickens
        date: 2005-12-01
       words: 1666
      flesch: 44
     summary: After immunization of SPF chickens with SARS coronavirus antigen, there were no detectable antibodies against SARS coronavirus in the yolks of eggs laid in the first 3 weeks after the first immunization. As high-titer human antiserum against SARS coronavirus has been found to be capable of * Corresponding author.
    keywords: antibody; coronavirus; igy; sars; yolk
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        item: #1176 of 5187
          id: cord-273083-xrydkiu4
      author: Pahmeier, Felix
       title: A versatile reporter system to monitor virus infected cells and its application to dengue virus and SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-09-01
       words: 1003
      flesch: 38
     summary: key: cord-273083-xrydkiu4 authors: Pahmeier, Felix; Neufeldt, Christoper J; Cerikan, Berati; Prasad, Vibhu; Pape, Costantin; Laketa, Vibor; Ruggieri, Alessia; Bartenschlager, Ralf; Cortese, Mirko title: A versatile reporter system to monitor virus infected cells and its application to dengue virus and SARS-CoV-2 date: 2020-09-01 journal: bioRxiv DOI: 10.1101/2020.08.31.276683 sha: doc_id: 273083 cord_uid: xrydkiu4 Positive-strand RNA viruses have been the etiological agents in several major disease outbreaks over the last few decades. In order to generate a reporter system that can specifically indicate virus infection, we 219 designed a construct expressing a GFP fusion protein that could selectively be cleaved 220 by viral proteases.
    keywords: reporter; system; virus
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        item: #1177 of 5187
          id: cord-273114-eanwxkvt
      author: Perrone, Serafina
       title: Report of a series of healthy term newborns from convalescent mothers with COVID-19
        date: 2020-05-11
       words: 1670
      flesch: 49
     summary: CONCLUSIONS: Findings from our series of cases indicated that adverse effects on foetuses from pregnancies complicated by COVID-19 infection in late pregnancy are unlikely. Another report of 10 babies born to mothers with COVID-19 infection described one death in a baby born at 34+5 weeks, however none of the babies tested were positive for SARS-CoV-2 (4).
    keywords: covid-19; infection; pregnancy; sars
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        item: #1178 of 5187
          id: cord-273126-gceffbfp
      author: Yuan, Kehu
       title: Suppression of SARS-CoV entry by peptides corresponding to heptad regions on spike glycoprotein
        date: 2004-07-02
       words: 3269
      flesch: 52
     summary: They form a six-helix bundle structure and are important in the process of virus fusion. At the intermediate state, soluble synthesized HR1, HR2 or homologues can bind the exposed HR1 or HR2 region and block the formation of the six-helix bundle, thus inhibiting virus fusion with the target cell
    keywords: cov; entry; fusion; hr1; hr2; peptides; sars; virus
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        item: #1179 of 5187
          id: cord-273182-djb0ozrt
      author: Díez, José María
       title: Cross-neutralization activity against SARS-CoV-2 is present in currently available intravenous immunoglobulins
        date: 2020-09-09
       words: 4331
      flesch: 41
     summary: Neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and other human coronaviruses Identification of the receptor-binding domain of the spike glycoprotein of human betacoronavirus HKU1 Characterization of spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 on virus entry and its immune cross-reactivity with SARS-CoV Structure of SARS coronavirus spike receptor-binding domain complexed with receptor Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and MERS-COV: a comparative overview Phylogenetic analysis and structural modeling of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein reveals an evolutionary distinct and proteolytically sensitive activation loop An outbreak of human coronavirus OC43 infection and serological cross-reactivity with SARS coronavirus. A report to understand the key role of antibody cross-reactivity in emerging viral disease Antigenic cross-reactivity between severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus and human coronaviruses 229E and OC43 • A report to understand the key role of antibody cross-reactivity in emerging viral disease Currently available intravenous immunoglobulin contains antibodies reacting against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 antigens time report of significant cross-reactivity of currently available IVIG products to components of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (CoV-2), severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome-CoV Construction of a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infectious cDNA clone and a replicon to study coronavirus RNA synthesis Search for SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors in currently approved drugs to tackle COVID-19 pandemia Engineering a replication-competent, propagation-defective Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus as a vaccine candidate Genomic characterization of a newly discovered coronavirus associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome in humans Comparative host gene transcription by microarray analysis early after infection of the Huh7 cell line by SARS coronavirus and human coronavirus 229E The life cycle of SARS coronavirus in Vero E6 cells Polyclonal intravenous immunoglobulin for the prophylaxis and treatment of infection in critically ill adults.
    keywords: antibodies; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; cross; human; ivig; mers; neutralization; reactivity; sars
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        item: #1180 of 5187
          id: cord-273251-k3ltbpnb
      author: Phipps, Meaghan M.
       title: Acute Liver Injury in COVID‐19: Prevalence and Association with Clinical Outcomes in a Large US Cohort
        date: 2020-05-30
       words: 4027
      flesch: 44
     summary: Patients with severe liver injury had a more severe clinical course, including higher rates of ICU admission (69%), intubation (65%), renal replacement therapy (33%), and mortality (42%). However, among the 6.4% of patients with severe liver injury, a severe disease course should be anticipated. 1.14, p=0.044), controlling for age, body mass index, diabetes, hypertension, intubation, and renal replacement therapy.
    keywords: alt; injury; liver; patients; peak; times; uln
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        item: #1181 of 5187
          id: cord-273253-rgqvdzna
      author: Skowronski, D. M.
       title: Low SARS-CoV-2 sero-prevalence based on anonymized residual sero-survey before and after first wave measures in British Columbia, Canada, March-May 2020
        date: 2020-07-15
       words: 4191
      flesch: 45
     summary: [39] [40] , but study populations, sampling approach, time frame, as well as antibody assays and algorithms must be taken into account when comparing findings. This included two screening assays, one targeting the S1 and another the nucleocapsid, with a third CLIA applied to positive specimens that targeted the S1-RBD
    keywords: age; assay; preprint; prevalence; sars; sero; specimens
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        item: #1182 of 5187
          id: cord-273311-dl9u85nh
      author: Boscolo‐Rizzo, Paolo
       title: Challenges in interpreting the diagnostic performance of symptoms to predict COVID‐19 status: the case of anosmia
        date: 2020-06-25
       words: 431
      flesch: 27
     summary: While the pooled sensitivity was 61% (95% CI, 55-68%), the pooled specificity reached 87% (95% CI, 80-92%); publication bias is possible (Figure 1b In conclusion, despite we believe that the new onset of smell and/or taste loss during COVID-19 pandemic should be considered a manifestation of SARS-CoV-2 infection until proven otherwise, sufficient to justify testing, self-isolation and the use of personal protective equipment by medical personnel interacting with these subjects, taken into account the above considerations, diagnostic performance of single symptoms should be fully understood and considered with caution when predicting SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with flu-like symptoms. Alterations in Smell or Taste in Mildly Symptomatic Outpatients With SARS-CoV-2 Infection Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Different Types of Clinical Specimens Contribution of anosmia and dysgeusia for diagnostic of COVID-19 in outpatients Virological assessment of hospitalized patients with COVID-2019 Common pitfalls in statistical analysis: Understanding the properties of diagnostic tests -Part 1 Strong associations and moderate predictive value of early symptoms for SARS-CoV-2 test positivity among healthcare workers, the Netherlands Association of chemosensory dysfunction and COVID-19 in patients presenting with influenza-like symptoms Utility of hyposmia and hypogeusia for the diagnosis of COVID-19 Smell and taste symptom-based
    keywords: covid-19; sars
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        item: #1183 of 5187
          id: cord-273314-p1dlzoh1
      author: Gadiparthi, Chiranjeevi
       title: Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Patients with Severe SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-06-04
       words: 1469
      flesch: 40
     summary: Nevertheless, GIB in COVID-19 patients poses unique challenges to patients due to high-risk of concomitant respiratory failure and to endoscopy personnel due to risk of airborne transmission during endoscopic procedures. In this case series, we attempt to discuss the important clinical implications related to the management of GIB in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: covid-19; gib; patients; sars
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        item: #1184 of 5187
          id: cord-273349-penb65x7
      author: Zhang, Chao
       title: Liver injury in COVID-19: management and challenges
        date: 2020-05-31
       words: 1544
      flesch: 36
     summary: Liver diseases including chronic viral hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and alcohol-related liver disease affect approximately 300 million people in China. However, the exact cause of pre-existing liver conditions has not been outlined in the case studies of COVID-19 and the interaction between existing liver disease and COVID-19 has not been studied.
    keywords: covid-19; liver; patients; sars
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        item: #1185 of 5187
          id: cord-273351-vq3budip
      author: Farré, Núria
       title: Prolonged QT Interval in SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Prevalence and Prognosis
        date: 2020-08-21
       words: 4373
      flesch: 45
     summary: As expected from previous research, age and comorbidities were associated with prolonged QTc interval and worse prognosis [23] The majority of studies have focused on QTc interval and risk of arrhythmias, especially in the setting of hydroxychloroquine treatment.
    keywords: infection; interval; mortality; patients; qtc; sars; treatment
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        item: #1186 of 5187
          id: cord-273367-gl266pvt
      author: Gunawardana, M.
       title: Longitudinal COVID-19 Surveillance and Characterization in the Workplace with Public Health and Diagnostic Endpoints
        date: 2020-07-28
       words: 5742
      flesch: 53
     summary: Related exploratory study goals include: characterizing the rate of SARS-CoV-2 459 acquisition in employee and household members; quantifying antibody-specific responses in 460 blood at baseline (previously exposed) and while on study (to capture asymptomatic/pre-461 symptomatic, newly infected); characterizing viral shedding parameters in saliva and stool 462 Clinical SARS-CoV-2 RNA test kits that have received Emergency Use Authorization 464 (EUA) by the FDA and are processed in a laboratory certified according to the Clinical 465 Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA). Study participants (27 employees and 27 household members) consented to provide frequent nasal or oral swab samples that were analyzed by RT-qPCR for SARS-CoV-2 RNA using CDC protocols.
    keywords: author; copyright holder; funder; license; medrxiv; medrxiv preprint; peer; peer review; preprint; version
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        item: #1187 of 5187
          id: cord-273373-5elel6qo
      author: Wang, Haofeng
       title: Recent progress in the discovery of inhibitors targeting coronavirus proteases
        date: 2016-02-19
       words: 3087
      flesch: 35
     summary: Papain-like protease (PL pro ) ( Figure 1A ) exists as a functional domain within the large nsp3, which also encodes a ubiquitin-like fold, an ADP-ribose-1d-phosphatase domain, a SARS-CoV-unique domain, and a transmembrane domain (Lee et al., 2015) . PL pro recognizes a specific site comprising the consensus cleavage sequence LXGG between nsp1/2, nsp2/3 and nsp3/4 (Lee et al., 2015) .
    keywords: coronavirus; cov; et al; inhibitors; pro; sars
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        item: #1188 of 5187
          id: cord-273382-7w8fli6w
      author: Guderian, Daniela B.
       title: In vitro comparison of surgical techniques in times of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: electrocautery generates more droplets and aerosol than laser surgery or drilling
        date: 2020-09-07
       words: 3945
      flesch: 41
     summary: During drilling, the slide is covered with a lot of rinsing liquid, but only a small amount of tissue particles are thrown along. The dispersion of tissue particles during drilling was also observed previously in cadaver studies at the frontal and lateral skull base [11, 13] .
    keywords: aerosol; electrocoagulation; formation; intervention; laser; particle; sars; tissue; treatment
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        item: #1189 of 5187
          id: cord-273408-jtpaue0z
      author: Romeyke, Tobias
       title: COVID-19 Case Report: An 84-Year-Old Man with Exacerbation of Multiple Comorbidities Due to COVID-19 Managed by a Multidisciplinary Team Using Patient-Reported Outcomes
        date: 2020-08-21
       words: 3053
      flesch: 43
     summary: Our objective here was to obtain data on COVID-19 patients with multiple health conditions who did not require invasive mechanical ventilation. Unusual clinical course BACKGROUND: When treating patients with comorbidities who are infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome as a result of SARS-CoV-2, it is crucial to offer multidisciplinary treatment that takes into consideration all of the health conditions with which they have been diagnosed.
    keywords: care; chronic; health; pain; patient; pros; sars; treatment
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        item: #1190 of 5187
          id: cord-273426-55vu6b3u
      author: Iba, Toshiaki
       title: Coagulopathy of Coronavirus Disease 2019
        date: 2020-05-26
       words: 4539
      flesch: 22
     summary: Platelet counts in COVID-19 patients are variable depending on the reported studies. The potential for increases in platelet counts in COVID-19 patients is suspected to be caused by increased proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 produced by the macrophages and monocytes in the lung (26) , and activated platelets may contribute to the lung injury (27) .
    keywords: acute; coagulation; coagulopathy; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; levels; patients; thrombosis
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        item: #1191 of 5187
          id: cord-273451-xnce010o
      author: Salisbury-Afshar, Elizabeth M.
       title: Vulnerable Populations: Weathering the Pandemic Storm
        date: 2020-04-22
       words: 1659
      flesch: 40
     summary: In addition to the measures taken inside correctional facilities, authorities must move quickly to reassess security and public health risks. Individuals who use opioids may be more interested in initiating medication for opioid use disorder.
    keywords: cov-2; health; individuals; populations; sars; use
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        item: #1192 of 5187
          id: cord-273492-i483r91m
      author: Fulzele, Sadanand
       title: COVID-19 Virulence in Aged Patients Might Be Impacted by the Host Cellular MicroRNAs Abundance/Profile
        date: 2020-05-09
       words: 3641
      flesch: 45
     summary: In this study, we performed in silico analysis of human cellular miRNAs targeting SARS and COVID-19 (isolates) genome and identified some novel miRNAs. To identify the biological relevance of COVID-19 targeting human cellular miRNAs, KEGG pathway annotation, and GO analysis was performed on target gene pools.
    keywords: analysis; cellular; covid-19; genome; human; isolates; mirnas; sars; table
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        item: #1193 of 5187
          id: cord-273505-pcsw3vmx
      author: Liu, Xiaosheng
       title: High-Dose Intravenous Immunoglobulins in the Treatment of Severe Acute Viral Pneumonia: The Known Mechanisms and Clinical Effects
        date: 2020-07-14
       words: 10785
      flesch: 21
     summary: In severe SARS patients, the activation of Th1-related cytokines and chemokines (e.g., IL-1, IL-6, IL-12) was involved in hyperinflammatory conditions (141) . In a randomized controlled trial, IVIg therapy efficiently improved the serum IgG concentration of severe SARS patients compared to the control group (222) .
    keywords: cells; covid-19; cytokine; dose; effects; high; igg; immune; immunoglobulin; infection; inflammatory; influenza; intravenous; ivig; patients; sars; syndrome; therapy; treatment; virus
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        item: #1194 of 5187
          id: cord-273553-xp4nfnq3
      author: Ramatillah, D. L.
       title: TREATMENT PROFILES AND CLINICAL OUTCOMES OF COVID-19 PATIENTS AT PRIVATE HOSPITAL IN JAKARTA
        date: 2020-10-16
       words: 3973
      flesch: 49
     summary: Objectives: To find out the effective treatment as an antiviral agent for COVID-19, to determine the correlation between sociodemography with clinical outcomes and duration of treatment, and to determine the relationship between comorbidities with clinical outcomes and duration of treatment for COVID-19 patients. The survival analysis for COVID-19 patients using the Kaplan Meier method showed that patients receiving Oseltamivir + Hydroxychloroquine had an average survival rate of about 83% after undergoing treatment for about ten days.
    keywords: covid-19; oseltamivir; patients; people; study; treatment
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        item: #1195 of 5187
          id: cord-273604-0w5shxmf
      author: Psevdos, George
       title: Halting a SARS-CoV-2 Outbreak in a U.S. Veterans Affairs Nursing Home
        date: 2020-11-03
       words: 1242
      flesch: 43
     summary: Interim SARS-CoV-2 testing guidelines for nursing home residents and healthcare personnel Although nationally the virus spreads like wildfire in nursing homes (among residents and working staff), the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) reported lower COVID-19 rates in their affiliated nursing homes in a U.S. Congressional hearing.
    keywords: care; covid-19; nursing; outbreak; veterans
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        item: #1196 of 5187
          id: cord-273613-cpiveo7j
      author: Cao, Xia
       title: Discovery and Development of Human SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies using an Unbiased Phage Display Library Approach
        date: 2020-09-29
       words: 3518
      flesch: 34
     summary: The parental nAb STI-1499 and the affinity-matured derivative STI-2020 were characterized for their biochemical and function properties in vitro and in vivo against prevalent clinical isolates of SARS CoV-2. Antibody treatments were administered intravenously (i.v.) with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against SARS-CoV-2 Spike, or isotype control mAb in up to 350 µl of sterile PBS at 1 hour-post inoculation.
    keywords: animals; antibodies; antibody; binding; nabs; sars; spike; sti-1499; sti-2020; treatment; virus
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        item: #1197 of 5187
          id: cord-273614-qmp2tqtb
      author: Tahir, Faryal
       title: Cardiac Manifestations of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Comprehensive Review
        date: 2020-05-08
       words: 7182
      flesch: 49
     summary: This high viability time period on different surfaces can lead to indirect transmission of SARS-CoV-2 to healthy individuals if they come into contact with objects used on COVID-19 patients, such as stethoscope or thermometer [18] . To intercept fatality among COVID-19 patients, the authors suggested close monitoring of the cardiac functioning of all patients, especially the severe and critical ones, and to seek possible interventions for patients evincing features of abnormal cardiac injury
    keywords: cardiac; cases; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; injury; levels; median; mortality; patients; sars
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        item: #1198 of 5187
          id: cord-273626-zy8qjaai
      author: Gong, Shu‐ran
       title: The battle against SARS and MERS coronaviruses: Reservoirs and Animal Models
        date: 2018-07-28
       words: 3259
      flesch: 45
     summary: Regarding priorities for research on vaccines and antivirals for both coronaviruses, suitable MERS-CoV models should be considered first. 12M-006), the Chinese National Major S & T Project Wild animal surveillance for coronavirus HKU1 and potential variants of other coronaviruses Prevalence and genetic diversity of coronaviruses in bats from China Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-like virus in Chinese horseshoe bats Discovery of a rich gene pool of bat SARS related coronaviruses provides new insights into the origin of SARS coronavirus Isolation of a Novel Coronavirus from a Man with Pneumonia in Saudi Arabia Genetic characterization of Betacoronavirus lineage C viruses in bats reveals marked sequence divergence in the spike protein of pipistrellus bat coronavirus HKU5 in Japanese pipistrelle: implications for the origin of the novel Middle East respiratory syn Rooting the phylogenetic tree of middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus by characterization of a Conspecific virus from an African Bat Re-emerging Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: The hibernating bat hypothesis Possible role of an animal vector in the SARS outbreak at Amoy Gardens Prevalence of IgG antibody to SARS-associated coronavirus in animal traders Civets are equally susceptible to experimental infection by two different severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus isolates Comments to the predecessor of human SARS coronavirus in 2003-2004 epidemic Cross-host evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in palm civet and human Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in dromedary camels: an outbreak investigation Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus neutralising serum antibodies in dromedary camels: a comparative serological study Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in dromedary camels in Saudi Arabia Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) origin and animal reservoir High proportion of MERS-CoV shedding dromedaries at slaughterhouse with a potential epidemiological link to human cases MERS-CoV Infection of Alpaca in a Region Where MERS-CoV is Endemic Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) coronavirus seroprevalence in domestic livestock in Saudi Arabia Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) serology in major livestock species in an affected region in Jordan Discovery of seven novel Mammalian and avian coronaviruses in the genus deltacoronavirus supports bat coronaviruses as the gene source of alphacoronavirus and betacoronavirus and avian coronaviruses as the gene source of gammacoronavirus and deltacoronavirus Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) causes transient lower respiratory tract infection in rhesus macaques Pneumonia from human coronavirus in a macaque model Treatment with interferon-a2b and ribavirin improves outcome in MERS-CoV-infected rhesus macaques An animal model of MERS produced by infection of rhesus macaques with MERS Coronavirus Macaque Model for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome An animal model of SARS produced by infection of Macaca mulatta with SARS coronavirus Treatment With Lopinavir/Ritonavir or Interferon-b1b Improves Outcome of MERS-CoV Infection in a Nonhuman Primate Model of Common Marmoset Infection with MERS-CoV Causes Lethal Pneumonia in the Common Marmoset Intratracheal exposure of common marmosets to MERS-CoV Jordan-n3/2012 or MERS-CoV EMC/2012 isolates does not result in lethal disease Pneumonitis and multiorgan system disease in common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) infected with the severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus Replication of SARS coronavirus administered into the respiratory tract of African Green, rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys Prior infection and passive transfer of neutralizing antibody prevent replication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in the respiratory tract of Mice Aged BALB/c Mice as a model for increased severity of severe acute respiratory syndrome in elderly humans Glycosylation of mouse DPP4 plays a role in inhibiting Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection of golden Syrian hamsters Therapy with a severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus-neutralizing human monoclonal antibody reduces disease severity and viral burden in golden Syrian Hamsters Pathology of experimental SARS coronavirus infection in cats and ferrets Animal models for SARS Studies of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus pathology in human cases and animal models Infection, replication, and transmission of middle east respiratory syndrome Coronavirus in Alpacas Replicative Capacity of MERS Coronavirus in Livestock Cell Lines Asymptomatic Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in rabbits Inoculation of Goats, Sheep, and Horses with MERS-CoV Does Not Result in Productive Viral Shedding Bats as animal reservoirs for the SARS coronavirus: hypothesis proved after 10 years of virus hunting Phylogenetic perspectives on the epidemiology and origins of SARS and SARS-like coronaviruses How to cite this article: Gong SR, Bao LL. key: cord-273626-zy8qjaai authors: Gong, Shu‐ran; Bao, Lin‐lin title: The battle against SARS and MERS coronaviruses: Reservoirs and Animal Models date: 2018-07-28 journal:
    keywords: animal; coronavirus; cov; infection; mers; models; sars; syndrome
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        item: #1199 of 5187
          id: cord-273645-czh3zfb3
      author: Lu, Shuaiyao
       title: Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 infections among 3 species of non-human primates
        date: 2020-07-17
       words: 2204
      flesch: 60
     summary: Most of swab samples saw the second peaks of viral RNA on 6-8 dpi. In some swab samples from old world monkeys, viral RNA was still detectable on 14 dpi ( Figure 3A ).
    keywords: cov-2; monkeys; sars
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        item: #1200 of 5187
          id: cord-273675-0oiq44gl
      author: Wu, Di
       title: To alert coinfection of COVID-19 and dengue virus in developing countries in the dengue-endemic area
        date: 2020-05-04
       words: 568
      flesch: 58
     summary: Thus, COVID-19 patients can present the same clinical signs as dengue patients. 1 Gabriel Yan et al 2 reported 2 cases of COVID-19 patients coinfected with dengue fever in Singapore.
    keywords: dengue; fever
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        item: #1201 of 5187
          id: cord-273685-oxvfxmtr
      author: Fan, Qihong
       title: Anal swab findings in an infant with COVID‐19
        date: 2020-03-17
       words: 1255
      flesch: 57
     summary: We conclude that when discharged patients are isolated at home, their family members should pay very close attention to hand hygiene and avoid sharing a toilet with patients wherever possible. Previous studies have proved the presence of viral nucleic acids in fecal samples and anal swabs of patients with COVID-19, but the implications of this require further investigation.
    keywords: cov-2; sars; swab; transmission
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        item: #1202 of 5187
          id: cord-273723-srfypn7j
      author: Omar, Sarah
       title: Duration of SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection in COVID-19 patients in home isolation, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, 2020 – an interval-censored survival analysis
        date: 2020-07-30
       words: 2935
      flesch: 40
     summary: Only one of the nine reviewed studies had looked at COVID-19 patients with mild disease in an outpatient setting; it found viral RNA to be detectable in symptomatic patients for a mean duration of 25.2 days. key: cord-273723-srfypn7j authors: Omar, Sarah; Bartz, Christoph; Becker, Sabine; Basenach, Silke; Pfeifer, Sandra; Trapp, Corinna; Hamm, Hildegard; Schlichting, Hans Christoph; Friederichs, Magdalena; Koch, Ulrich; Jestrabek, Christian; Hilger, Ernst; Vogt, Manfred; Jahn, Klaus; Chen, Simiao; Bärnighausen, Till; Zanger, Philipp title: Duration of SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection in COVID-19 patients in home isolation, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, 2020 – an interval-censored survival analysis date: 2020-07-30 journal: Euro Surveill DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2020.25.30.2001292 sha: doc_id: 273723 cord_uid: srfypn7j We analysed consecutive RT-qPCR results of 537 symptomatic coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients in home quarantine.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; patients; qpcr; rna
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        item: #1203 of 5187
          id: cord-273726-24mi50rv
      author: Aaroe, Ashley
       title: Potential Neurologic and Oncologic Implications of the Novel Coronavirus
        date: 2020-04-16
       words: 1091
      flesch: 49
     summary: A similar phenomenon may be evident in SARS-CoV2, as an estimated 63% of COVID-19 patients develop lymphopenia, and recent data shows a trend to worsened lymphopenia in patients with CNS symptoms compared with those without [5] . SARS-CoV1, which is more structurally similar to SARS-CoV2 than other human coronaviruses, has also been demonstrated in the CSF of SARS patients in the early 2000s
    keywords: covid-19; patients; sars
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        item: #1204 of 5187
          id: cord-273751-61eeykj1
      author: Yang, Zhenwei
       title: The effect of corticosteroid treatment on patients with coronavirus infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
        date: 2020-04-10
       words: 3009
      flesch: 45
     summary: A retrospective study showed that the vast majority of SARS patients received satisfactory results from the use of corticosteroids. The Lancet Respiratory medicine Role of glucocorticoids on inflammatory response in nonimmunosuppressed patients with pneumonia: a pilot study Glucocorticoid-mediated control of the activation and clonal deletion of peripheral T cells in vivo Preexisting influenza-specific CD4 + T cells correlate with disease protection against influenza challenge in humans Effects of early corticosteroid treatment on plasma SARS-associated coronavirus RNA concentrations in adult patients Persistence and clearance of viral RNA in 2019 novel coronavirus disease rehabilitation patients SARS: systematic review of treatment effects The effect of corticosteroids on mortality of patients with influenza pneumonia: a systematic review and metaanalysis Steroid therapy and the risk of osteonecrosis in SARS patients: a dose-response meta-analysis None.
    keywords: analysis; coronavirus; corticosteroids; patients; sars
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        item: #1205 of 5187
          id: cord-273764-itu39mln
      author: Li, Taisheng
       title: Long-Term Persistence of Robust Antibody and Cytotoxic T Cell Responses in Recovered Patients Infected with SARS Coronavirus
        date: 2006-12-20
       words: 2663
      flesch: 44
     summary: Neutralizing antibodies in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus infection Antibody responses against SARS coronavirus are correlated with disease outcome of infected individuals Antibody response of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) targets the viral nucleocapsid Antibody responses against SARS-coronavirus and its nucleocaspid in SARS patients Longitudinal profile of immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgM, and IgA antibodies against the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus nucleocapsid protein in patients with pneumonia due to the SARS coronavirus Detection of specific antibodies to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus nucleocapsid protein for serodiagnosis of SARS coronavirus pneumonia Clinical progression and viral load in a community outbreak of coronavirus-associated SARS pneumonia: a prospective study Significant changes of peripheral T lymphocyte subsets in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome We feel in debt to patients' willingness to participate our study. 3B summarizes results for all the samples tested and four peptide pools, namely NX4, NX6, NY6, and NY7, were found to be preferentially recognized by recovered SARS patients (Fig. 3B ).
    keywords: changes; fig; patients; responses; sars
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        item: #1206 of 5187
          id: cord-273784-sr6afv60
      author: Cazares, Lisa H.
       title: Development of a Parallel Reaction Monitoring Mass Spectrometry Assay for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein and Nucleoprotein
        date: 2020-09-23
       words: 5801
      flesch: 48
     summary: As alternatives to the detection of the viral genome through molecular amplification, serological tests, which detect antibodies to SARS CoV-2 in blood samples, have been developed. Indirect methods are used for the detection of antibodies to SARS CoV-2 and can be performed using immunoassays such as ELISA or lateral flow.
    keywords: analysis; assay; cov-2; detection; min; mucus; peptides; prm; protein; samples; sars; virus
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        item: #1207 of 5187
          id: cord-273828-557vlq9d
      author: Brito, Carlos Antunes
       title: Mechanisms and consequences of COVID-19 associated liver injury: What can we affirm?
        date: 2020-08-27
       words: 3096
      flesch: 47
     summary: key: cord-273828-557vlq9d authors: Brito, Carlos Antunes; Barros, Fabio Marinho; Lopes, Edmundo Pessoa title: Mechanisms and consequences of COVID-19 associated liver injury: What can we affirm? date: 2020-08-27 journal: Since the first reports of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases in December 2019 in China, numerous papers have been published describing a high frequency of liver injury associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, many of them proposing a link between these findings and patient outcomes.
    keywords: covid-19; disease; injury; levels; liver; patients
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        item: #1208 of 5187
          id: cord-273859-tr4s5i7h
      author: Luis García Garmendia, José
       title: DETECCIÓN VIRAL Y RESPUESTA SEROLÓGICA EN PACIENTES CRÍTICOS INTUBADOS CON SARS-CoV-2. IMPLICACIONES PARA RETIRADA DE AISLAMIENTO
        date: 2020-04-29
       words: 1382
      flesch: 46
     summary: El CDC propone como una pauta segura la determinación de 2 rRT-PCR negativas consecutivas para valorar la necesidad de aislamiento de los pacientes con COVID-19 (8). Tabla 1: Características y pruebas diagnósticas de los casos de pacientes críticos con SARS-CoV-2 con ventilación mecánica Figura 1.
    keywords: con; del; los; pacientes; pcr; sars
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        item: #1209 of 5187
          id: cord-273882-tqdcb3oo
      author: Pratibha,
       title: Ubiquitous Forbidden Order in R-group classified protein sequence of SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses
        date: 2020-08-21
       words: 1959
      flesch: 55
     summary: Next, we analyzed protein sequences of 26 viruses (Figures 2, 3 , and Supplementary Figures 1 -4) to search for a ubiquitous forbidden order in each one of them. COVID-19 case study A novel numerical representation for proteins: Three-dimensional Chaos Game Representation and its Extended Natural Vector Chaos game representation of protein sequences based on the detailed HP model and their multifractal and correlation analyses Could an unrelated live attenuated vaccine serve as a preventive measure to dampen septic inflammation associated with COVID-19 infection?
    keywords: cov-2; order; protein; sars; sequence
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        item: #1210 of 5187
          id: cord-273891-7w334xgt
      author: Kirchdoerfer, Robert N.
       title: Receptor binding and proteolysis do not induce large conformational changes in the SARS-CoV spike
        date: 2018-03-31
       words: 3321
      flesch: 42
     summary: We were 136 further able to identify S1 RBD conformations at the non-ACE2 occupied RBD positions to 137 represent each population of S1 RBD conformations among ACE2-bound S. 138 As hypothesized by previous structural work 15-17,22 , the S1 RBD recognizes ACE2 with 139 an 'up' S1 RBD conformation. Fine sorting of S1 RBD positions of the trypsin-224 cleaved S reveals a very similar distribution of 'up' S1 RBD conformations available for receptor 225 binding as in the uncleaved samples, although we additionally observe a small proportion of S1 226 RBD in the all-'down' conformation (Fig. 5c) .
    keywords: ace2; coronavirus; cov; host; rbd; sars
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        item: #1211 of 5187
          id: cord-273893-3nd6ptrg
      author: Lu, Guangwen
       title: Molecular basis of binding between novel human coronavirus MERS-CoV and its receptor CD26
        date: 2013-07-07
       words: 4682
      flesch: 50
     summary: By a pairwise comparison, we unexpectedly found that all those CD26 residues identified in the virus-receptor interface are also involved in ADA binding, indicating a competition between ADA and the virus for CD26 receptor. The complex structure was solved by molecular replacement module of Phaser 33 , with the solved RBD structure and previously reported CD26 structure (PDB code, 2BGR) as the search models.
    keywords: binding; cd26; complex; coronavirus; cov; cov rbd; fig; mers; protein; rbd; receptor; sars; structure
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        item: #1212 of 5187
          id: cord-273898-i7icvsg1
      author: Parcell, B.
       title: Drive-through testing for SARS-CoV-2 in symptomatic health and social care workers and household members: an observational cohort study in Tayside, Scotland
        date: 2020-05-11
       words: 1756
      flesch: 53
     summary: There have been few systematic studies of infections in healthcare staff, but one such study reported by Reuksen et al at two hospitals in the Netherlands found 4% of healthcare workers were infected. In most cases, particularly during the early stages of a pandemic, most respiratory illnesses will not be caused by SARS-CoV-2 and the rapid availability of testing would allow SARS-CoV-2 to be excluded and for critical healthcare staff to return to work.
    keywords: healthcare; hscws; staff; testing
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        item: #1213 of 5187
          id: cord-273906-s7l0yxc0
      author: Ranga, Vipin
       title: Immunogenic SARS-CoV-2 Epitopes: In Silico Study Towards Better Understanding of COVID-19 Disease—Paving the Way for Vaccine Development
        date: 2020-07-23
       words: 7109
      flesch: 41
     summary: Furthermore, the latest experimental reports suggest that the S glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 is both O-and N-glycosylated, especially on the RDB domain, which could mask immunogenic epitopes and may play an important role in SARS-CoV-2 immune evasion [61] MHC-I allotypes are known to bind epitopes with lengths of 8 to 11 amino acids.
    keywords: a*02:01; allotypes; binding; cell; class; complex; cov-2; epitopes; hla; iedb; mhc; protein; sars; table
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        item: #1214 of 5187
          id: cord-273913-xem3alih
      author: Marraha, Farah
       title: A Review of the Dermatological Manifestations of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
        date: 2020-08-11
       words: 4237
      flesch: 47
     summary: Clinical and pathological features in 20 COVID-19 patients Cutaneous signs in COVID-19 patients: a review Anticoagulant treatment is associated with decreased mortality in severe coronavirus disease 2019 patients with coagulopathy Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and adolescents temporally related to COVID-19 Hyperinflammatory shock in children during COVID-19 pandemic Selfreported hand eczema in a hospital population e adverse skin reactions of health care workers using personal protective equipment for COVID-19 Breakthrough: chloroquine phosphate has shown apparent efficacy in treatment of COVID-19 associated pneumonia in clinical studies Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: results of an open-label non-randomized clinical trial A pilot study of hydroxychloroquine in treatment of patients with moderate COVID-19 Efficacy of hydroxychloroquine in patients with COVID-19: results of a randomized clinical trial Should chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine be used to treat COVID-19? Healthcare institutions and policymakers developed various plans to control the pandemic, including preparing hospitals and clinics, developing a strategy for the identification of suspected COVID-19 cases, and implementing a strategy to reduce the spread [24] .
    keywords: cases; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; infection; lesions; manifestations; patients; sars; skin; syndrome
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        item: #1215 of 5187
          id: cord-273918-knlc3bxh
      author: Holmes, Emily A
       title: Multidisciplinary research priorities for the COVID-19 pandemic: a call for action for mental health science
        date: 2020-04-15
       words: 10283
      flesch: 29
     summary: Terms 'physical distancing' and 'emotional closeness' should be used and not 'social distancing' when defeating the Covid-19 pandemic The global syndemic of obesity, undernutrition, and climate change: The Lancet Commission report The impact of communications about swine flu (influenza A H1N1v) on public responses to the outbreak: results from 36 national telephone surveys in the UK Avoidance behaviors and negative psychological responses in the general population in the initial stage of the H1N1 pandemic in Hong Kong Social isolation in mental health: a conceptual and methodological review Loneliness as a specific risk factor for depressive symptoms: crosssectional and longitudinal analyses Patients with mental health disorders in the COVID-19 epidemic Annual research review: secular trends in child and adolescent mental health Cross-cohort change in adolescent outcomes for children with mental health problems Mental health interventions in schools in high-income countries Preventing childhood anxiety disorders: is an applied game as effective as a cognitive behavioral therapy-based program? COVID-19 and the consequences of isolating the elderly Survivors' priority themes and questions for research The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is having a profound effect on all aspects of society, including mental health and physical health.
    keywords: anxiety; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; data; effects; experience; groups; health; infection; interventions; media; need; pandemic; people; priorities; research; risk; sars; suicide; wellbeing
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        item: #1216 of 5187
          id: cord-273961-ja8xggnd
      author: Nakagawara, Kensuke
       title: Acute Onset Olfactory/Taste Disorders are Associated with a High Viral Burden in Mild or Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infections
        date: 2020-07-26
       words: 786
      flesch: 47
     summary: Specifically, Ct values from qPCR tests conducted on nasopharyngeal or sputum specimens of patients on admission were negatively associated with disease severity and progression to severe illness, and mild patients showed an early viral clearance using Ct values (1, 2) . We retrospectively assessed the association between symptoms and Ct values or the period to negative qPCR.
    keywords: patients; sars; values
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        item: #1217 of 5187
          id: cord-274007-zndtddty
      author: Rasmussen, Sonja A.
       title: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and pregnancy: what obstetricians need to know
        date: 2020-02-24
       words: 5921
      flesch: 46
     summary: Available at: https:// Expert Review ajog.org www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novelcoronavirus-2019 Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus: the species and its viruses-a statement of the Coronavirus Study Group Severe acute respiratory syndrome: Historical, epidemiologic, and clinical features the role of superspreaders in infectious disease Pregnancy and perinatal outcomes of women with severe acute respiratory syndrome Infants born to mothers with severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS in newborns and children Emergency cesarean section in an epidemic of the middle east respiratory syndrome: a case report A casecontrolled study comparing clinical course and outcomes of pregnant and non-pregnant women with severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS and pregnancy: a case report SARS during pregnancy, United States Severe acute respiratory syndrome in pregnancy Specific immunoglobulin g antibody detected in umbilical blood and amniotic fluid from a pregnant woman infected by the coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Possible central nervous system infection by SARS coronavirus The effect of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome on a hospital obstetrics and gynaecology service Managing obstetrical patients during severe acute respiratory syndrome outbreak First confirmed cases of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection in the United States, updated information on the epidemiology of MERS-CoV infection, and guidance for the public, clinicians, and public health authorities Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) For severe acute respiratory syndrome, the largest series of 12 pregnancies had a case-fatality rate of 25%.
    keywords: cases; coronavirus; covid-19; infection; mers; patients; pregnancy; sars; syndrome; transmission; women
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        item: #1218 of 5187
          id: cord-274008-p3st70u3
      author: Mann, E. R.
       title: Longitudinal immune profiling reveals distinct features of COVID-19 pathogenesis
        date: 2020-06-16
       words: 6008
      flesch: 44
     summary: This is the first detailed longitudinal analysis of COVID-19 patients of varying severity and outcome, revealing common features and aspects that track with severity. This is the first detailed longitudinal analysis of COVID-19 patients of varying severity and outcome, revealing common features and aspects that track with severity.
    keywords: admission; blood; cells; covid-19; data; disease; figure; immune; medrxiv; monocytes; patients; preprint; severity
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        item: #1219 of 5187
          id: cord-274028-dvsvtsn0
      author: Del Brutto, Oscar H.
       title: SARS-CoV-2-related mortality in a rural Latin American population
        date: 2020-08-08
       words: 1220
      flesch: 53
     summary: A sudden increase in adult mortality associated with respiratory diseases was noticed in Atahualpa (a rural Ecuadorian village), coinciding with the introduction of SARS-CoV-2 in the region. A sudden increase in adult mortality associated with respiratory diseases was noticed in Atahualpa, a rural Ecuadorian village (2º18'S, 80º46'W), coinciding with the introduction of SARS-CoV-2 in the region [5] .
    keywords: cov-2; mortality; sars
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        item: #1220 of 5187
          id: cord-274053-406dfdih
      author: Srivastava, Kamna
       title: Association between COVID-19 and cardiovascular disease
        date: 2020-07-14
       words: 2583
      flesch: 35
     summary: COVID-19 patients with pre-existing heart disease may suffer a heart attack or develop congestive heart failure. Identifier: NCT04312009 Sick sinus syndrome induced by interferon and ribavirin therapy in a patient with chronic hepatitis C Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients with 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China Altered lipid metabolism in recovered SARS patients twelve years after infection Sex differences in the aging pattern of renin-angiotensin system serum peptidases Incidence of thrombotic complications in critically ill ICU patients with COVID-19
    keywords: ace2; angiotensin; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; heart; patients; sars
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        item: #1221 of 5187
          id: cord-274090-eab7i4f6
      author: Gaspari, Valeria
       title: Can Covid‐19 be a sexually transmitted disease? Posterity will judge
        date: 2020-05-24
       words: 567
      flesch: 32
     summary: Moreover, the positivity for SARS-CoV-2 on vaginal swab raises the possibility of both sexual and mother-to-child transmission 7 , although further studies are needed on these issues since no definitive proofs have been found. In conclusion, it would be useful to confirm the possibility of other alternative ways of viral transmission.
    keywords: cov-2; sars
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        item: #1222 of 5187
          id: cord-274097-11hvriqy
      author: Katz, Louis M.
       title: Is SARS‐CoV‐2 transfusion transmitted?
        date: 2020-06-16
       words: 2026
      flesch: 42
     summary: Vigorous attempts are needed to isolate the virus from donated blood and/or demonstrate its infectivity in animal models and/or tissue culture when RNA-positive donors are identified. lkatz@mvrbc.org 1 Mississippi Valley Regional Blood Center, Davenport, IA Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in different types of clinical specimens Molecular and serological investigation of 2019-nCoV infected patients: implication of multiple shedding routes Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 RNA detected in blood donations Post-donation COVID-19 identification in blood donors Updated information for blood establishments regarding the novel coronavirus outbreak.
    keywords: blood; coronavirus; cov-2; donors; rna; sars
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        item: #1223 of 5187
          id: cord-274114-fglyfz8p
      author: Minervina, Anastasia A.
       title: Longitudinal high-throughput TCR repertoire profiling reveals the dynamics of T cell memory formation after mild COVID-19 infection
        date: 2020-10-01
       words: 5579
      flesch: 49
     summary: Theravajan et al. showed that activated CD8+HLA-DR+CD38+ T cells in a mild case of COVID-19 significantly expand following symptom onset, reaching their peak frequency of 12% of CD8+ T cells on day 9 after symptom onset, and contract thereafter From each blood sample we isolated PBMCs (peripheral blood mononuclear cells, in two biological replicates), CD4+, and CD8+ T cells.
    keywords: cd4; cd8; cells; clones; day; fig; infection; memory; sars; tcrbeta
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        item: #1224 of 5187
          id: cord-274122-n9jnu2ah
      author: Mielech, Anna M.
       title: MERS-CoV papain-like protease has deISGylating and deubiquitinating activities
        date: 2014-02-01
       words: 4861
      flesch: 43
     summary: Importantly, we show that coronavirus PLpro activity can modulate the innate immune response. We recently described expression and protease activity of MERS-CoV PLpro in cell culture (Kilianski et al., 2013) .
    keywords: activity; cells; coronavirus; cov; et al; mers; plpro; protease; sars; syndrome
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        item: #1225 of 5187
          id: cord-274141-vujx538o
      author: Chinsembu, Kazhila C.
       title: Coronaviruses and Nature’s Pharmacy for the Relief of Coronavirus Disease 2019
        date: 2020-10-06
       words: 11364
      flesch: 42
     summary: Evid Based In vitro susceptibility of 10 clinical isolates of SARS coronavirus to selected antiviral compounds Binding interaction of quercetin-3-βgalactoside and its synthetic derivatives with SARS-CoV 3CL pro : structure-activity relationship studies reveal salient pharmacophore features A report of clinical diagnosis and treatment of nine cases of coronavirus disease 2019 Statistical evidence for the usefulness of Chinese medicine in the treatment of SARS Antiviral effects of saikosaponins on human coronavirus 229E in vitro Plants as antimalarial agents in Sub-Saharan Africa Green Medicines: pharmacy of natural products for HIV and five AIDS-related infections Chemical diversity and activity profiles of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitors from plants Evaluation of antiviral activities of Houttuynia cordata Thunb. Learning from the experience of using supplementary treatment with Chinese medicine on SARS or SARS-like infectious disease in 2003 The lesson of supplementary treatment with Chinese medicine on severe laboratory-confirmed SARS patients SARS coronavirus, but not human coronavirus NL63, utilizes cathepsin L to infect ACE2-expressing cells Applications of the phytomedicine Echinacea purpurea (purple coneflower) in infectious diseases Inhibitory activities of Cassia tora and its anthraquinone constituents on angiotensin-converting enzyme Ginseng, the natural effectual antiviral: protective effects of Korean red ginseng against viral infection Natural products and their derivatives against coronavirus: a review of the non-clinical and pre-clinical data cytotoxicity and active compound of Pechuel-loeschea leubnitziae O. Hoffm.
    keywords: 2019; 3cl; activity; anti; antiviral; compounds; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; covid-19; drug; entry; et al; hcov; human; infection; inhibitors; medicinal; plants; pro; products; protein; replication; sars; tcm; treatment
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        item: #1226 of 5187
          id: cord-274156-c0c4rjfa
      author: Chau, J.P.C.
       title: Infection control practices among hospital health and support workers in Hong Kong
        date: 2010-08-31
       words: 3105
      flesch: 44
     summary: key: cord-274156-c0c4rjfa authors: Chau, J.P.C.; Thompson, D. R.; Lee, D.T.F.; Twinn, S. title: Infection control practices among hospital health and support workers in Hong Kong date: 2010-08-31 journal: Journal of Hospital Infection DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2009.10.014 sha: doc_id: 274156 cord_uid: c0c4rjfa Summary A report by the Hong Kong government noted that hospital infection control standards were inadequate, requiring audit, development and implementation. The SARS Expert Committee in Hong Kong found that hospital infection control standards were inadequate and in need of audit, development and implementation and that hospital staff needed training in infection control measures.
    keywords: compliance; control; equipment; hospital; infection; patient; workers
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        item: #1227 of 5187
          id: cord-274184-hm516x6p
      author: Elli, Luca
       title: Endoscopy during the Covid-19 outbreak: experience and recommendations from a single center in a high-incidence scenario
        date: 2020-04-27
       words: 4847
      flesch: 44
     summary: To face the new scenario all the hospitals have been re-organised in order to reduce all the outpatient services and to devote almost all their personnel and resources to the management of Covid-19 patients. Establishing maximum prevention within the endoscopy unit is a necessary countermeasure to the large spectrum of signs and symptoms expressed by Covid-19 patients (fever, cough but also, in smaller percentages, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea and even neurological symptoms) and the large quantity of asymptomatic carriers [1, 2, 27, 28] .
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; endoscopy; infection; outbreak; patients; pcr; risk; route; sars
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        item: #1228 of 5187
          id: cord-274205-e2r38v29
      author: Tsunetsugu-Yokota, Yasuko
       title: Large-Scale Preparation of UV-Inactivated SARS Coronavirus Virions for Vaccine Antigen
        date: 2007-11-28
       words: 2181
      flesch: 55
     summary: Thus, these cases from China highlighted the risk of SARS transmission from laboratory-acquired infection and were a good reminder of the need to handle infectious SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) with great care. We have learned many lessons from the recent outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS).
    keywords: cov; formalin; laboratory; sars; virion
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        item: #1229 of 5187
          id: cord-274231-2s7ki6g7
      author: Ziebuhr, John
       title: SARS – Unprecedented global response to a newly emerging disease
        date: 2003-12-31
       words: 1215
      flesch: 41
     summary: A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome The genome sequence of the SARS-associated coronavirus Lung pathology of fatal severe acute respiratory syndrome HKU/UCH SARS Study Group: Clinical progression and viral load in a community outbreak of coronavirus-associated SARS pneumonia: a prospective study SARS study group: Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Characterization of a novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Comparative full-length genome sequence analysis of 14 SARS coronavirus isolates and common mutations associated with putative origins of infection Mechanisms and enzymes involved in SARS coronavirus genome expression A 3D model of SARS-CoV 3CL proteinase and its inhibitors design by virtual screening key: cord-274231-2s7ki6g7 authors: Ziebuhr, John title: SARS – Unprecedented global response to a newly emerging disease date: 2003-12-31 journal: International Journal of Medical Microbiology DOI: 10.1078/1438-4221-00270 sha: doc_id: 274231 cord_uid: 2s7ki6g7
    keywords: coronavirus; cov; sars
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        item: #1230 of 5187
          id: cord-274252-h4occy7h
      author: de Lima Menezes, Gabriela
       title: Identification of potential drugs against SARS-CoV-2 non-structural protein 1 (nsp1)
        date: 2020-07-13
       words: 4149
      flesch: 48
     summary: Thus, it is reasonable to suggest that these compounds will not bind with the same energy score to human proteins when compared to nsp1 protein. Among these compounds, 16 were present in all replicas, which means that these molecules have a good energy score independent of nsp1 protein conformation.
    keywords: compounds; cov-2; energy; figure; interaction; nsp1; protein; sars; score
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        item: #1231 of 5187
          id: cord-274279-f99nd3dx
      author: Fantini, Jacques
       title: Structural and molecular modelling studies reveal a new mechanism of action of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine against SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-04-03
       words: 4460
      flesch: 49
     summary: A similar situation was observed with CLQ-OH, which occupies the same binding site as CLQ Fig. 4 (f). Using a combination of structural and molecular modelling approaches, this study showed that chloroquine (CLQ), one of the drugs currently under investigation for SARS-CoV-2 treatment, binds sialic acids and gangliosides with high affinity.
    keywords: acid; binding; clq; cov-2; fig; ganglioside; ntd; sars
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        item: #1232 of 5187
          id: cord-274280-x5s4l0pp
      author: Yang, Jinsung
       title: Molecular interaction and inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 binding to the ACE2 receptor
        date: 2020-09-11
       words: 7353
      flesch: 50
     summary: Here, we analyze the biophysical properties of the SARS-CoV-2 S-glycoprotein binding, on model surfaces and on living cells, to ACE2 receptors using force-distance (FD) curve-based atomic force microscopy (FD-curve-based AFM) (Fig. 1c) . As SARS-CoV-2 binding to ACE2 receptors is thought to play a key role in the first binding step at the cellular membrane 3 Fig.
    keywords: a549; ace2; afm; binding; cells; cov-2; data; fig; force; glycoprotein; interaction; rbd; receptor; sars; subunit
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        item: #1233 of 5187
          id: cord-274284-mi4n7xty
      author: Pang, Khang Wen
       title: Frequency and Clinical Utility of Olfactory Dysfunction in COVID-19: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
        date: 2020-10-13
       words: 4406
      flesch: 43
     summary: To investigate the estimated frequency of OD amongst COVID-19 patients, meta-analysis B included studies if they described the frequency of OD in COVID-19 positive patients and if smell tests were performed or if OD symptoms were explicitly asked in questionnaires or interviews. With reference to Fig. 4 , the overall pooled frequency of OD amongst COVID-19 patients was 0.56 (0.47 to 0.64).
    keywords: covid-19; dysfunction; frequency; olfactory; patients; smell; studies; study; symptoms
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        item: #1234 of 5187
          id: cord-274286-07arhrv9
      author: Hosier, H.
       title: First case of placental infection with SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-05-05
       words: 3940
      flesch: 45
     summary: The imbalance of the RAS system seen in Covid-19 patients may therefore contribute to hypertensive complications including preeclampsia in pregnant patients with Covid-19. However, the massive macrophage infiltration alongside fibrin deposition has recently been observed in lung tissue examined at autopsy from patients with severe Covid-19, raising the possibility of a common immunopathology leading to macrophage recruitment and activation causing tissue damage 18 . .
    keywords: author; license; medrxiv; perpetuity; preprint; version
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        item: #1235 of 5187
          id: cord-274313-mrvk9r4w
      author: Li, Hui
       title: SARS-CoV-2 and viral sepsis: observations and hypotheses
        date: 2020-04-17
       words: 2434
      flesch: 36
     summary: Diagnosis and treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia in China A pathological report of three COVID-19 cases by minimally invasive autopsies A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in different types of clinical specimens A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus. 8, 9 SARS-CoV-2 infectious virus particles have been isolated from respiratory samples, 10 as well as from faecal 11 and urine (Zhao J, Guangzhou Medical University, personal communication) specimens from COVID-19 patients, suggesting that multiple organ dysfunction in severe COVID-19 patients is at least partially caused by a direct attack from the virus.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; infection; patients; sars
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        item: #1236 of 5187
          id: cord-274326-msbdrp3e
      author: Ren, Xiaohan
       title: Multiple Expression Assessments of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 SARS-CoV-2 Entry Molecules in the Urinary Tract and Their Associations with Clinical Manifestations of COVID-19
        date: 2020-11-04
       words: 4907
      flesch: 39
     summary: Also, IHC results revealed that ACE2 was overexpressed in kidney tubule cells, as well as seminiferous duct cells and Leydig cells in the testis (Figure 2A -B). Elevated levels of staining for TMPRSS2 were observed in kidney tubule cells ( Figure 2C ).
    keywords: ace2; cells; cov-2; covid-19; expression; figure; human; infection; kidney; patients; sars; testis; tmprss2
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        item: #1237 of 5187
          id: cord-274341-vrwmxwvm
      author: Frank, Carlos Henrique Michiles
       title: Guillain–Barré Syndrome Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a Pediatric Patient
        date: 2020-07-12
       words: 1756
      flesch: 39
     summary: Notably prevalent in northern Brazil, arboviruses (especially the Zika virus) are also related to the increase in GBS cases. Until now, few studies reported pediatric neurological symptoms of COVID-19.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; gbs; infection; limbs; sars
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        item: #1238 of 5187
          id: cord-274343-y9zqbefu
      author: Petersen, Irene
       title: Three Quarters of People with SARS-CoV-2 Infection are Asymptomatic: Analysis of English Household Survey Data
        date: 2020-10-08
       words: 2198
      flesch: 50
     summary: We evaluated the value of COVID-19 symptoms as a marker for SARS-CoV-2 infection from a representative English survey. We estimated sensitivity, specificity, the proportion of asymptomatic cases (1 – sensitivity), positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of COVID-19 symptoms as a marker of infection using results of the SARS-CoV-2 test as the “gold standard”.
    keywords: covid-19; sars; symptoms; test
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        item: #1239 of 5187
          id: cord-274366-t138l6px
      author: Benetti, Elisa
       title: ACE2 gene variants may underlie interindividual variability and susceptibility to COVID-19 in the Italian population
        date: 2020-07-17
       words: 4534
      flesch: 40
     summary: Taking advantage of the Network of Italian Genomes (NIG), here we mined whole-exome sequencing data of 6930 Italian control individuals from five different centers looking for ACE2 variants. In order to shed light on the role of ACE2 variants on interindividual variability and susceptibility to COVID-19 in Italian population we performed WES analysis on a cohort of 131 patients and 258 controls who agreed in participating to the study (see Materials and methods).
    keywords: ace2; clinical; coronavirus; covid-19; data; disease; human; patients; population; protein; receptor; sars; spike; variants
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        item: #1240 of 5187
          id: cord-274396-l611eisi
      author: Park, Su-Jin
       title: Antiviral Efficacies of FDA-Approved Drugs against SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Ferrets
        date: 2020-05-22
       words: 4377
      flesch: 37
     summary: Comparisons of virus titers and shedding periods in antiviral-drug-treated ferrets. To further evaluate virus titers in tissues, three ferrets from each group were euthanized at 4 and 8 dpi, and virus titers were measured in nasal turbinate and lungs.
    keywords: control; cov-2; dpi; ferrets; group; infection; pbs; sars; titers; virus
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        item: #1241 of 5187
          id: cord-274399-cd7cmpoj
      author: Barzin, Amir
       title: SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence among a Southern U.S. Population Indicates Limited Asymptomatic Spread under Physical Distancing Measures
        date: 2020-09-29
       words: 3308
      flesch: 41
     summary: When comparing the ScreenNC population and patient populations accessing UNC Health in 2020, there were some notable differences. ScreenNC2 samples were sera obtained from UNC patients for indications other than COVID-19.
    keywords: asymptomatic; cov-2; igg; patients; population; sars; seroprevalence; study; unc
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        item: #1242 of 5187
          id: cord-274409-4ugdxbmy
      author: Laskar, Rezwanuzzaman
       title: Mutational analysis and assessment of its impact on proteins of SARS-CoV-2 genomes from India
        date: 2020-10-19
       words: 3300
      flesch: 53
     summary: The maximum variants affecting protein sequence were present in NSP3 (63) followed by Spike (S) protein with 49 variants. Composition and distribution of variable sites (Table 1 ) and its negative value indicated the significance of these variable sites.
    keywords: disease; genome; mutations; protein; samples; sars; sites; variants
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        item: #1243 of 5187
          id: cord-274416-bmvazgj7
      author: Trevisanuto, Daniele
       title: Neonatal Resuscitation Where the Mother Has a Suspected or Confirmed Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) Infection: Suggestion for a Pragmatic Action Plan
        date: 2020-04-24
       words: 3769
      flesch: 45
     summary: Lancet Clinical analysis of 10 neonates born to mothers with 2019-nCoV pneumonia Neonatal Early-Onset Infection With SARS-CoV-2 in 33 Neonates Born to Mothers With COVID-19 in Wuhan, China Possible Vertical Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 From an Infected Mother to Her Newborn A case report of neonatal COVID-19 infection in China Neonati ricoverati con infezione sospetta o accertata da SARS-CoV-2. Urgent questions that need to be addressed promptly include whether pregnant women who have confirmed COVID-19 infection are more likely to experience lifethreatening events, and whether SARS-CoV-2 could spread vertically and pose risks to the fetus and neonate [12, 13] .
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; delivery; disease; infection; mother; neonatal; sars
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        item: #1244 of 5187
          id: cord-274439-y9jrdg5n
      author: Aoyama, Kazuyoshi
       title: Estimating the risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission to pediatric anesthesiologists: a microsimulation model
        date: 2020-07-27
       words: 594
      flesch: 34
     summary: Although we considered aerosol transmission and environmental contamination of SARS-CoV-2 in the model, we did not account for transmission risks among HCWs in operating rooms, which is our future work. We estimated that cancelling elective surgeries during those three weeks reduced the cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 transmission to an anesthesiologist by more than six times (2.1% with cancellation compared with 13.5% without cancellation) (Figure) .
    keywords: covid-19; model; transmission
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        item: #1245 of 5187
          id: cord-274459-781by93r
      author: Khalifa, Shaden A. M.
       title: Comprehensive Overview on Multiple Strategies Fighting COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-11
       words: 5470
      flesch: 48
     summary: On 9 June 2020, the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW) announced that 266,598 confirmed COVID-19 cases and 7471 deaths from 32 states especially the states of Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Delhi, and Gujarat. An intensified surveillance system was developed to monitor COVID-19 cases between hospital and primary care pneumonia patients.
    keywords: care; cases; china; coronavirus; countries; covid-19; disease; government; health; pandemic; people; public; transmission
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        item: #1246 of 5187
          id: cord-274474-u2fdicgz
      author: Majumder, Joydeb
       title: Targeted Nanotherapeutics for Respiratory Diseases: Cancer, Fibrosis, and Coronavirus
        date: 2020-10-13
       words: 10114
      flesch: 42
     summary: [89] Here, we have summarized recent reports of several lipid-based nanosystems including liposome, nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs), and micelles and their application as targeted drug delivery systems. [1, 2] Therefore, methods of developing new therapeutic solutions as well as improving the current therapies for the common lung diseases such as asthma, cystic fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer, and coronavirus infections remain the main focus in the fields of targeted drug delivery.
    keywords: anticancer; cancer; cancer cells; cells; delivery; drug; figure; gene; lipid; lung; lung cancer; nanoparticles; sars; system; targeting; therapeutics; treatment; tumor
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        item: #1247 of 5187
          id: cord-274508-nigru1o8
      author: Lally, Michelle
       title: Metformin is associated with Decreased 30-day Mortality among Nursing Home Residents Infected with SARS-CoV2
        date: 2020-10-26
       words: 940
      flesch: 33
     summary: The COVID-19 infected residents were divided into groups: 1) residents administered metformin alone or in combination with other medications, 2) residents who used long acting or daily insulin, 3) residents administered other diabetes medications, and 4) residents not administered diabetes medication, including non-diabetics and untreated diabetics. These findings suggest a relative survival benefit in nursing home residents on metformin, potentially through its mTOR inhibition effects.
    keywords: metformin; residents; sars
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        item: #1248 of 5187
          id: cord-274510-fo7p98np
      author: Spadera, Lucrezia
       title: Potential Role of GcMAF in suppressing the severity of COVID-19-induced immune responses: lesson learned from HIV
        date: 2020-09-24
       words: 4060
      flesch: 35
     summary: Meanwhile, in COVID-19 patients, in addition to the reduced peripheral lymphocyte counts, mainly CD4 + T and CD8 + T cells, there were found significant high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] . What we postulated could also explain hypercoagulability with elevated concentrations of D-dimer, fibrin degradation products increase, PT and aPTT prolongation, observed in COVID-19 patients [37]
    keywords: actin; activity; cov-2; covid-19; dbp; gcmaf; lung; macrophage; patients; protein; vitamin
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        item: #1249 of 5187
          id: cord-274513-0biyfhab
      author: Baumgartner, M. T.
       title: Assessing the relative contributions of healthcare protocols for epidemic control: an example with network transmission model for COVID-19
        date: 2020-07-22
       words: 5079
      flesch: 37
     summary: Radiology The effect of control strategies to reduce social mixing on outcomes of the COVID-19 epidemic in Wuhan, China: a modelling study R: A language and environment for statistical computing Critical Supply Shortages -The Need for Ventilators and Personal Protective Equipment during the Covid-19 Pandemic The epidemiology and pathogenesis of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak GEMFsim: A stochastic simulator for the generalized epidemic modeling framework Individual-based network model for Rift Valley fever in Kabale District Social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic: Staying home save lives COVID-19 infection: the perspectives on immune responses Projecting demand for critical care beds during COVID-19 outbreaks in Canada Estimates of the severity of coronavirus disease 2019: a model-based analysis Urban mobility and neighborhood isolation in America's 50 largest cities Rational use of personal protective equipment for coronavirus disease ( COVID-19) and considerations during severe shortages Can we contain the COVID-19 outbreak with the same measures as for SARS? The increasing number of COVID-19 cases threatens human life and requires retainment actions that control the spread of the virus in the absence of effective medical therapy or a reliable vaccine.
    keywords: covid-19; distancing; et al; individual; infection; model; number; people; rate
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        item: #1250 of 5187
          id: cord-274520-c674wkmt
      author: Moelling, Karin
       title: Air Microbiome and Pollution: Composition and Potential Effects on Human Health, Including SARS Coronavirus Infection
        date: 2020-05-28
       words: 6731
      flesch: 45
     summary: Directive 2008/50/EC of the European Parliament and of the council of 21 may 2008 on ambient air quality and cleaner air for Europe Ambient (outdoor) air pollution Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic WHO: 92% of the world's population breathe polluted air A preliminary review of gas-to-particle conversion monitoring and modelling efforts in the USA e contribution of outdoor air pollution sources to premature mortality on a global scale e Lancet Commission on pollution and health World Health Organization, Regional Office for Europe, World Health Organization An investigation of particulate matter and relevant cardiovascular risks in Abadan and Khorramshahr in 2014-2016 Mortality and morbidity due to ambient air pollution in Iran An evaluation of hospital admission respiratory disease attributed to sulfur dioxide ambient concentration in Ahvaz from An association between ambient pollutants and hospital admitted respiratory cases in Ahvaz, Iran Characteristics, sources, and health risks of atmospheric PM10-bound heavy metals in a populated middle eastern city Health risk assessment on human exposed to heavy metals in the ambient air PM10 in Ahvaz, southwest Iran China wakes up to the crisis of air pollution A comparative study of hospital admissions for respiratory diseases during normal and dusty days in Iran Ambient atmospheric particles in the airways of human lungs PM2.5 air pollution and cause-specific cardiovascular disease mortality Is ambient air pollution associated with onset of suddent infant death syndrome: a case-crossover study in the UK A work group report on ultrafine particles (American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology): why ambient ultrafine and engineered nanoparticles should receive special attention for possible adverse health outcomes in human subjects Long-term exposure to ultrafine particles and incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease in a prospective study of a Dutch cohort Effects of environmental pollutants on gut microbiota Role of antioxidants and free radicals in health and disease Household air pollution and health International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) Air pollution may also be linked to cancer and reduced life expectancy.
    keywords: air; bacterial; communities; diseases; exposure; fungal; health; human; microbiome; pollution; sars; study; viruses
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        item: #1251 of 5187
          id: cord-274521-u8p5lz9o
      author: Lee, Abby C.
       title: Tobacco, but Not Nicotine and Flavor-Less Electronic Cigarettes, Induces ACE2 and Immune Dysregulation
        date: 2020-07-31
       words: 5736
      flesch: 45
     summary: These results suggest that tobacco smokers may be more vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 infection than e-cigarette smokers if infection susceptibility is based upon ACE2 abundance. The Kruskal-Wallis analysis test was applied to determine differential expression of ACE2 between e-cig users and non-e-cig users for both of these datasets (p < 0.05).
    keywords: cells; cig; cigs; covid-19; expression; flavor; nicotine; smokers; smoking; tobacco
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        item: #1252 of 5187
          id: cord-274528-mr81o9cu
      author: Li, Fei
       title: Distinct mechanisms for TMPRSS2 expression explain organ-specific inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 infection by enzalutamide
        date: 2020-09-12
       words: 6496
      flesch: 43
     summary: Moreover, we observed distinct AR binding patterns between prostate cells and lung cells and a lack of direct binding of AR to TMPRSS2 in human lung cells. Camostat mesylate but not enzalutamide inhibited infection of LuOs with SARS-CoV-2-S, 41 confirming that enzalutamide could not protect lung cells against SARS-CoV-2 infection (Fig.
    keywords: cells; cov-2; entry; enzalutamide; expression; fig; infection; lung; mice; prostate; sars; tmprss2
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        item: #1253 of 5187
          id: cord-274536-fv7mltj7
      author: Tong, Yongqing
       title: Necessity for detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in multiple types of specimens for the discharge of the patients with COVID-19
        date: 2020-11-02
       words: 3129
      flesch: 47
     summary: In addition to the 5 cases, another 1 case (P8 at Table 2 ) was only detected ORF1ab gene RNA from nasopharynx swab and N gene RNA from oropharyngeal swab in the quarantine time, this patient did not meet the criteria of viral carrier. All of the 6 patients showed positive viral RNA for at least one gene in nasopharyngeal swab, 2 patients had both ORF1ab and N gene positive, another 3 patients only showed ORF1ab positive and 2 patients showed N gene positive.
    keywords: cov-2; patients; rna; sars; specimens; swab
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        item: #1254 of 5187
          id: cord-274542-fpzk5k79
      author: Patti, Giuseppe
       title: Questions and Answers on Practical Thrombotic Issues in SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Guidance Document from the Italian Working Group on Atherosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology
        date: 2020-11-03
       words: 5631
      flesch: 26
     summary: Bruxelles: European Society of Cardiology Efficacy of various treatment modalities for nCOV-2019: a systematic review and metaanalysis Swinging the pendulum: lessons learned from public discourse concerning hydroxychloroquine and COVID-19 Screening of an FDA-approved compound library identifies four small-molecule inhibitors of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus replication in cell culture Treatment with lopinavir/ ritonavir or interferon-β1b improves outcome of MERSCoV infection in a nonhuman primate model of common marmoset Treatment of Middle East respiratory syndrome with a combination of lopinavirritonavir and interferon-β1b (MIRACLE trial): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial Post-exposure prophylaxis for Middle East respiratory syndrome in healthcare workers A trial of lopinavir-ritonavir in adults hospitalized with severe Covid-19 Broad-spectrum antiviral GS-5734 inhibits both epidemic and zoonotic coronaviruses Prophylactic and therapeutic remdesivir (GS-5734) treatment in the rhesus macaque model of MERS-CoV infection Comparative therapeutic efficacy of remdesivir and combination lopinavir, ritonavir, and interferon beta against MERS-CoV Effectiveness of remdesivir for the treatment of hospitalized Covid-19 persons: a network meta-analysis Novel coronavirus treatment with ribavirin: groundwork for evaluation concerning COVID-19 Treatment with hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, and combination in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 Dexamethasone in hospitalized patients with Covid-19-preliminary report Tocilizumab treatment in COVID-19: a single center experience Antithrombotic treatments in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection: from current evidence to reasonable recommendations-a position paper from the Italian Working Group on Atherosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology Edoxaban for the treatment of cancer-associated venous thromboembolism Direct oral anticoagulant plasma levels' striking increase in severe COVID-19 respiratory syndrome patients treated with antiviral agents: the Cremona experience Hepatotoxicity of tocilizumab and anakinra in rheumatoid arthritis: management decisions COVID-19 and treatment with NSAIDs and corticosteroids: should we be limiting their use in the clinical setting? Pathophysiological basis and rationale for early outpatient treatment of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Infection Systematic review of the efficacy and safety of antiretroviral drugs against SARS, MERS or COVID-19: initial assessment Current overview on hypercoagulability in COVID-19 COVID-19 and thrombotic or thromboembolic disease: Finally, general practitioners were not able to immediately assist patients on VKAs in need of INR adjustments, as they were also fully involved in the management of COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; infection; patients; risk; ritonavir; sars; score; therapy; treatment; use; vte
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        item: #1255 of 5187
          id: cord-274591-p34kk4up
      author: Horby, Peter W,
       title: Prospects for Emerging Infections in East and Southeast Asia 10 Years after Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
        date: 2013-06-17
       words: 4268
      flesch: 27
     summary: It is 10 years since severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) emerged, and East and Southeast Asia retain a reputation as a hot spot of emerging infectious diseases. These changes might facilitate the emergence and transmission of new pathogens, but it would be simplistic and disingenuous to present the extensive changes in East and Southeast Asia as inevitably increasing the risk of emerging infectious diseases.
    keywords: asia; disease; east; emergence; global; health; infectious; influenza; sars; southeast; southeast asia
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        item: #1256 of 5187
          id: cord-274602-q9i2k304
      author: Iqbal, Yousaf
       title: Psychiatric presentation of patients with acute SARS-CoV-2 infection: a retrospective review of 50 consecutive patients seen by a consultation-liaison psychiatry team
        date: 2020-09-10
       words: 3719
      flesch: 40
     summary: Thirty-one patients were symptomatic (upper respiratory tract symptoms or pneumonia) for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and 19 were asymptomatic (no characteristic physical symptoms of COVID-19 infection). As such it offers a broad clinical picture of the psychiatric problems associated with acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, occurring in a general hospital setting, and including patients who are symptomatic and asymptomatic for COVID-19 infection.
    keywords: consultation; cov-2; covid-19; infection; patients; sars; symptoms
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        item: #1257 of 5187
          id: cord-274648-e0daf8w6
      author: Madeddu, Paolo
       title: Cardiovascular complications of COVID-19: evidence, misconceptions, and new opportunities
        date: 2020-06-08
       words: 1942
      flesch: 37
     summary: As yet, the possibility that severity and type of complications are influenced by ACE2 expression levels in different organs is contradictory and unsupported by causative evidence. A negative correlation between ACE2 expression and COVID-19 related morbidity and mortality has been reported in population studies, with low-risk categories (children and women) having high ACE2 levels and highrisk categories (elderly people and men) having low ACE2 levels.
    keywords: ace2; cells; covid-19; disease; sars; virus
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        item: #1258 of 5187
          id: cord-274668-lh7c9izt
      author: Wang, Chaofu
       title: Alveolar macrophage dysfunction and cytokine storm in the pathogenesis of two severe COVID-19 patients
        date: 2020-06-20
       words: 4606
      flesch: 38
     summary: A graded decrease of T cells was found with increased clinical severity. Third, in this study, no ACE2-expression was found on the surface of T cells, which might be considered as an argument for the absence of direct toxic effect of SARS-CoV-2 on distinct T cell populations.
    keywords: alveolar; anti; cells; cov-2; covid-19; fig; human; lung; macrophages; patients; sars; tissues
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        item: #1259 of 5187
          id: cord-274680-6pui91uu
      author: Gao, Chun
       title: Proinflammatory cytokines are associated with prolonged viral RNA shedding in COVID-19 patients
        date: 2020-10-14
       words: 2208
      flesch: 46
     summary: [10] [11] Therefore, this retrospective study aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients who experienced prolonged viral shedding and to investigate the contributing risk factors. In our study, we found that COVID-19 patients with prolonged viral shedding were older (p<0.001) and presented with a higher rate of hypertension (p<0.001).
    keywords: covid-19; cytokines; patients; rna; shedding
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        item: #1260 of 5187
          id: cord-274707-mxh38hwd
      author: Laureano, Ana Flávia Santarine
       title: The different tests for the diagnosis of COVID-19 - A review in Brazil so far
        date: 2020
       words: 3741
      flesch: 42
     summary: Most rapid tests use colloidal gold particles in a technique known as immunochromatography, also called lateral flow immunoassay, a type of sandwich assay that relies on a pair of antibodies used to recognize two independent epitopes of a protein, and therefore it can achieve high specificity (Zhou et al., 2012) . This kind of test is being used for pregnancy (Puertas et al., 2010) , HIV (Granade et al., 2010) , bacterial infections (Huang, 2007) , drugs of abuse (Gonzalez et al., 2011) , food contaminants and dengue virus (Cuzzubbo et al., 2001) , and many tests are commercially available (Zhou et al., 2012) .
    keywords: antibody; coronavirus; covid-19; dna; igm; pcr; sars; tests
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        item: #1261 of 5187
          id: cord-274708-w6gmscv4
      author: Mathewson, Alison C.
       title: Interaction of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus and NL63 coronavirus spike proteins with angiotensin converting enzyme-2
        date: 2008-11-17
       words: 2817
      flesch: 46
     summary: (2005) showed that while ACE-2 leads to efficient NL63 S-mediated entry, the binding of NL63 S was apparently lower than that of SARS-CoV S. They later suggested that this may be the consequence of NL63 S protein binding to a different region of ACE-2 (Hofmann et al., 2006) . We observed that while SARS-CoV S and S1 pulled down ACE-2 effectively, NL63 S proteins pulled down between 10-and 100-fold less ACE-2 on a weightfor-weight basis (Fig. 2a) .
    keywords: cov; nl63; sars
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        item: #1262 of 5187
          id: cord-274715-dcs1rgd0
      author: Mani Mishra, Pushpendra
       title: Serum albumin-mediated strategy for the effective targeting of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-04-24
       words: 2151
      flesch: 34
     summary: Although some people infected with SARS CoV-2 have no symptoms, the spectrum of symptomatic infection ranges from mild to critical, with most COVID-19 infections being not severe. Although some people infected with SARS CoV-2 have no symptoms, the spectrum of symptomatic infection ranges from mild to critical, with most COVID-19 infections being not severe.
    keywords: albumin; covid-19; curcumin; infection; sars; strategy; virus
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        item: #1263 of 5187
          id: cord-274750-fynxciwg
      author: Peterson, Danielle
       title: Calm before the storm: understanding the role of JAK inhibitors in COVID-19
        date: 2020-04-25
       words: 467
      flesch: 39
     summary: Important to note is that the 64 theoretical benefit of JAK inhibitors in this setting is not limited to upadacitinib and baricitinib but also 65 applies to other JAK inhibitors including ruxolitinib and tofacitinib. We strongly agree that there may be a 56 role for JAK inhibitors in treating SARS-CoV-2-associated CRS.
    keywords: sars
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        item: #1264 of 5187
          id: cord-274761-c2hgkbg6
      author: Rosenberg, Eli S.
       title: Cumulative incidence and diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection in New York
        date: 2020-06-17
       words: 3437
      flesch: 40
     summary: Estimates of COVID-19 cumulative incidence (i.e. prevalence of previous or current infection) can inform the extent of epidemic spread as well as the number of persons still susceptible and progress towards herd immunity, which are critical for parameterizing simulation models and informing policies, including those for altering societal restrictions [5] . Following weighting, 12.5% were estimated reactive and following further adjustment for test characteristics, estimated cumulative incidence was 14 (Table 2 ).
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; incidence; infection; non; nys; population; sars; testing
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        item: #1265 of 5187
          id: cord-274788-oyk8js16
      author: Bae, Sanghyuk
       title: Epidemiological Characteristics of COVID-19 Outbreak at Fitness Centers in Cheonan, Korea
        date: 2020-08-05
       words: 3255
      flesch: 53
     summary: Vienna: R Foundation for Statistical Computing Coronavirus disease outbreak in call center Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia Epidemiologic characteristics of early cases with 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) disease in Korea Serial interval of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infections Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China Association of public health interventions with the epidemiology of the COVID-19 outbreak in Wuhan, China Flattening-the-curve associated with reduced COVID-19 case fatality rates-an ecological analysis of 65 countries We would like to express appreciation to Hyunok Baek, Younglim Jeong, Hyeongi Lee, Youngmi Kim, Jeongdong Shin, Wontae Cho, Kwanyong Jeong (Chungnam Epidemiology and Case Management Team), Yeongju Na, Sohee Lee, Jinseon Choi (Cheonan Seo-buk-gu Public Health Center), Asan Public Health Center, and Sejong Special Self-Governing City Public Health Center for their efforts to investigate and respond to this outbreak of COVID-19. The attack rate among home contacts was higher than that reported at an outbreak at a call center in Seoul, Korea (16.2%).
    keywords: cases; contacts; covid-19; fitness; korea; outbreak; zumba
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        item: #1266 of 5187
          id: cord-274802-7ioiwsd8
      author: Varghese, Praveen Mathews
       title: Host-pathogen interaction in COVID-19: Pathogenesis, potential therapeutics and vaccination strategies
        date: 2020-08-19
       words: 19710
      flesch: 31
     summary: Unlike SARS, COVID-19 patients had the highest viral load near presentation, which could account for the fast-spreading nature of this epidemic. In a study involving COVID-19 patients in Hong Kong recorded high viral load on presentation with the onset of symptoms and also when the symptoms are mild (83) .
    keywords: activation; acute; antibodies; case; cells; china; complement; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; covid-19 patients; disease; dose; drug; high; human; infection; inflammation; injury; levels; novel; pathogenesis; patients; plasma; pneumonia; protein; response; sars; spike; studies; study; syndrome; system; transmission; treatment; trial; vaccine
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        item: #1267 of 5187
          id: cord-274824-kaefedl1
      author: Turski, Waldemar A.
       title: AhR and IDO1 in pathogenesis of Covid-19 and the “Systemic AhR Activation Syndrome:” a translational review and therapeutic perspectives
        date: 2020-09-24
       words: 5957
      flesch: 20
     summary: However, since CoV activates AhR, it may also lead to up-regulation of downstream effectors such as tissue factor (TF) and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) in endothelial cells, consistent with the role for AhR activation of AhR-TF/PAI-1 axis as a part of the host response to CoV infection (Belghasem et al., 2019) . IDO1 is a rate-limiting enzyme converting tryptophan to kynurenine, which is an endogenous ligand activating AhR. Inflammatory factors, such as tumor necrosis factor-␣ (TNF␣) and interleukins activate IDO1, whereas AhR also enhance their own activity through activation of a IDO1-AhR-IDO1 positive feedback loop prolonging the effects of AhR activation by other factors, including pathogens (Larigot, Jurice, Dairou, & Coumoul, 2018; Neavin, Liu, Ray, & Weinshilboum, 2018) .
    keywords: activation; ahr; ahrs; cov; cov-2; covid-19; et al; expression; ido1; infection; pathway; sars
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        item: #1268 of 5187
          id: cord-274834-24v2b509
      author: Lima, Rosiane
       title: Establishment of a pediatric COVID-19 biorepository: unique considerations and opportunities for studying the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children
        date: 2020-09-11
       words: 5596
      flesch: 36
     summary: The methodology described here, details the importance of establishing collaborations between the clinical and research teams to harmonize protocols for patient recruitment and sample collection, processing and storage. Cornerstones of the biorepository included open dialogue between research and clinical team members, a sensitivity to procedures required for specimen collection in children, and clear documentation of study participation and sample collection.
    keywords: biorepository; blood; children; clinical; collection; cov-2; covid-19; infection; patients; pediatric; research; samples; sars
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        item: #1269 of 5187
          id: cord-274839-r4jg6wac
      author: Azam, Faizul
       title: An in-silico analysis of ivermectin interaction with potential SARS-CoV-2 targets and host nuclear importin α
        date: 2020-11-02
       words: 5163
      flesch: 32
     summary: In particular, in recent times, molecular docking coupled with molecular dynamics simulation studies have played vital roles in interpreting the mechanism of binding interactions of potential molecules with the target proteins for lead optimization as well as design and the discovery of novel molecules (Eid et al., 2019; Shushni et al., 2013) . Therefore, the current study seeks to employ molecular docking, molecular mechanics generalized Born surface area (MM-GBSA) analysis and molecular dynamics simulation studies for decrypting the binding mode, key interacting residues as well as mechanistic insights on IVM interaction with 15 potential drug targets associated with COVID-19 as well as IMPα.
    keywords: binding; cov-2; docking; drug; et al; impa; ivm; nsp9; potential; protein; sars; simulation
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        item: #1270 of 5187
          id: cord-274841-rcdoewwv
      author: Tay, Matthew Zirui
       title: The trinity of COVID-19: immunity, inflammation and intervention
        date: 2020-04-28
       words: 7201
      flesch: 31
     summary: Prior immunization with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) nucleocapsid protein causes severe pneumonia in mice infected with SARS-CoV A double-inactivated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus vaccine provides incomplete protection in mice and induces increased eosinophilic proinflammatory pulmonary response upon challenge Developing Covid-19 vaccines at pandemic speed Breadth of concomitant immune responses prior to patient recovery: a case report of non-severe COVID-19 Profiles of antibody responses against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus recombinant proteins and their potential use as diagnostic markers Early detection of antibodies against various structural proteins of the SARS-associated coronavirus in SARS patients Neutralizing antibodies in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated Nature reviews | Immunology coronavirus infection Longitudinally profiling neutralizing antibody response to SARS coronavirus with pseudotypes Expert: recovered coronavirus patients are still prone to reinfection The Straits Times. The Straits Times Japanese man tests positive for coronavirus again China puts 245 COVID-19 patients on convalescent plasma therapy Use of convalescent plasma therapy in SARS patients in Hong Kong Retrospective comparison of convalescent plasma with continuing high-dose methylprednisolone treatment in SARS patients Experience of using convalescent plasma for severe acute respiratory syndrome among healthcare workers in a Taiwan hospital Potent cross-reactive neutralization of SARS coronavirus isolates by human monoclonal antibodies A human monoclonal antibody blocking SARS-CoV-2 infection Potent binding of 2019 novel coronavirus spike protein by a SARS coronavirus-specific human monoclonal antibody Structure of SARS coronavirus spike receptor-binding domain complexed with receptor Characterization of the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of 2019 novel coronavirus: implication for development of RBD protein as a viral attachment inhibitor and vaccine The keypoints in treatment of the critical coronavirus disease 2019 patient Chinese doctors 'using plasma therapy' on COVID-19 patients 3B11-N, a monoclonal antibody against MERS-CoV, reduces lung pathology in rhesus monkeys following intratracheal inoculation of MERS-CoV Jordan-n3/2012 Press release details: Vir Biotechnology applying multiple platforms to address public health risk from Wuhan coronavirus Can an anti-HIV combination or other existing drugs outwit the new coronavirus Coronavirus treatment: vaccines/drugs in the pipeline for COVID-19 Neutralizing epitopes of the SARS-CoV S-protein cluster independent of repertoire, antigen structure or mAb technology Antibody responses to individual proteins of SARS coronavirus and their neutralization activities Receptor binding surveillance for high quality genomes Mutations in the spike protein of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus transmitted in Korea increase resistance to antibodymediated neutralization Escape from human monoclonal antibody neutralization affects in vitro and in vivo fitness of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Evasion of antibody neutralization in emerging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses Neutralizing antibody response and SARS severity Is COVID-19 receiving ADE from other coronaviruses?
    keywords: acute; antibody; cells; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; lung; patients; protein; responses; sars; severe; syndrome
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        item: #1271 of 5187
          id: cord-274852-84m62t4x
      author: Hogan, Catherine A.
       title: Retrospective Screening for SARS-CoV-2 RNA in California, USA, Late 2019
        date: 2020-10-17
       words: 1085
      flesch: 37
     summary: However, monitoring for early community transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in the United States was challenging because the clinical manifestations of COVID-19 are similar to those of other respiratory virus infections, and emergence of COVID-19 overlapped with the annual respiratory virus season. The study period corresponded to the onset of the 2019-2020 respiratory virus season, during which the number of cases of influenza A, influenza B, and respiratory syncytial virus increased and the frequency To investigate the possibility of earlier cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection than previously recognized, we retrospectively tested pooled samples from 1,700 persons with respiratory signs/symptoms seen at Stanford Health Care, Palo Alto, California, USA, during the last 2 months of 2019.
    keywords: cov-2; samples; sars
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        item: #1272 of 5187
          id: cord-274945-6p5de7o2
      author: Clevers, Hans
       title: COVID-19: organoids go viral
        date: 2020-06-01
       words: 1375
      flesch: 43
     summary: Such an approach will minimize the impact of coronavirus research on these endangered species and may prepare us better for a next pandemic. Identification of new respiratory viruses in the new millennium Organogenesis in a dish: modeling development and disease using organoid technologies Replication of human noroviruses in stem cell-derived human enteroids Consequences of congenital Zika virus infection Tropism, replication competence, and innate immune responses of influenza virus: an analysis of human airway organoids and ex-vivo bronchus cultures Differentiated human airway organoids to assess infectivity of emerging influenza virus Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 infections in engineered human tissues using clinical-grade soluble human ACE2 SARS-CoV-2 productively infects human gut enterocytes TMPRSS2 and TMPRSS4 promote SARS-CoV-2 infection of human small intestinal enterocytes Infection of bat and human intestinal organoids by SARS-CoV-2 The author is inventor on several patents related to organoid technology. This confirmed previous observations that the established culture conditions for human intestinal organoids are broadly applicable to mammalian spe cies.
    keywords: cell; human; organoids; sars; viruses
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        item: #1273 of 5187
          id: cord-274948-ze6scnae
      author: Segondy, Michel
       title: Les Coronavirus humains
        date: 2020-10-31
       words: 2470
      flesch: 52
     summary: Les manifestations neurologiques sont fréquemment observées au cours de la Covid-19. Ainsi, si en Europe le taux de létalité de la Covid-19 peut être supérieur à 10 %, il est compris entre 2 et 3 % à l'échelon mondial et, en tenant compte des cas asymptomatiques, il pourrait être en fait globalement de l'ordre de 0,5 %
    keywords: coronavirus; dans; des; est; les; par; plus; sars; sont
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        item: #1274 of 5187
          id: cord-275004-qzg03dvg
      author: Veras, Flavio Protasio
       title: SARS-CoV-2–triggered neutrophil extracellular traps mediate COVID-19 pathology
        date: 2020-09-14
       words: 6397
      flesch: 42
     summary: Production of NETs by isolated neutrophils Neutrophils (10 6 cells) obtained from COVID-19 patients or healthy controls were incubated with RPMI 1640 supplemented with 0.1% BSA treated or not with Cl-Amidine (200 µM; Sigma-Aldrich; cat. 506282), tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF; 10 µM; as described in Clososki et al., 2020) , neutralizing anti-ACE2 antibody (αACE2; 0.5 µg/ml; Rhea Biotech; cat. IM-0060), camostat mesylate (Camostat; 10 µM; Sigma-Aldrich; cat. SML0057). The concentration of NETs was augmented in plasma, tracheal aspirate, and lung autopsies tissues from COVID-19 patients, and their neutrophils released higher levels of NETs.
    keywords: cells; controls; cov-2; covid-19; covid-19 patients; et al; fig; lung; nets; neutrophils; patients; release; sars
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        item: #1275 of 5187
          id: cord-275023-0z219rcy
      author: Cerofolini, Linda
       title: Orientation of immobilized antigens on common surfaces by a simple computational model: Exposition of SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein RBD epitopes
        date: 2020-07-29
       words: 3488
      flesch: 32
     summary: Therefore, the possibility to control and manipulate the exposition of the relevant residues and protein surfaces plays an important role in the rational design of devices based on immobilized proteins. A more detailed experimental verification of the predictions of protein orientation at surfaces represents a significant challenge for the current biophysical methodologies.
    keywords: cov-2; gold; immobilization; interaction; orientation; protein; sars; state; structure; surface
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        item: #1276 of 5187
          id: cord-275088-wbqznzj7
      author: Garrido, Pablo F.
       title: The Lord of the NanoRings: cyclodextrins and the battle against SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-07-25
       words: 9666
      flesch: 29
     summary: The ability of these CDs to reduce viral infectivity has also been demonstrated against human metapneumovirus (HMPV) , herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) , varicella-zooster virus (VZV) (Hambleton et al., 2007) and a less common one, the Newcastle disease virus (NDV) (Cantín et al., 2007; Martín et al., 2012) . Other CD derivatives with antiviral activity include conjugate compounds of γ-CD with fullerenes showing significant antiviral activity for influenza and twice as much for OSV or terpene derivatives (Tian et al., 2017; Xiao et al., 2016)
    keywords: activity; antiviral; cds; cells; cholesterol; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; cyclodextrin; delivery; drug; et al; figure; influenza; lipid; role; sars; treatment; use; virus
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        item: #1277 of 5187
          id: cord-275108-snqbrxgr
      author: Daverio, Marco
       title: Testing for Novel Coronavirus Antibodies: A Necessary Adjunct
        date: 2020-05-22
       words: 509
      flesch: 40
     summary: Public health measures to slow community spread of COVID-19 COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Economic impacts of Wuhan 2019-nCoV on China and the world Estimation of COVID-19 outbreak size in Italy Correcting under-reported COVID-19 case numbers [1] about the use of proactive public health measures to help slow the spread of the novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) over the world.
    keywords: individuals; sars
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        item: #1278 of 5187
          id: cord-275111-38hgg0jz
      author: Kumar, Abhishek
       title: Pattern of liver function and clinical profile in COVID-19: A cross-sectional study of 91 patients
        date: 2020-10-06
       words: 2304
      flesch: 55
     summary: A systematic review ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction in Patients With COVID-19: Clinical and Angiographic Outcomes Neurological manifestations of COVID-19 and other coronavirus infections: A systematic review Review article: COVID-19 and liver disease-what we know on 1st key: cord-275111-38hgg0jz authors: Kumar, Abhishek; Kumar, Piyush; Dungdung, Ajit; Kumar Gupta, Anitesh; Anurag, Aditya; Kumar, Abhinav title: Pattern of liver function and clinical profile in COVID-19: A cross-sectional study of 91 patients date: 2020-10-06 journal: Diabetes Metab Syndr DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2020.10.001 sha: doc_id: 275111 cord_uid: 38hgg0jz BACKGROUND: – COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 leads to myriad range of organ involvement including liver dysfunction.
    keywords: cases; covid-19; levels; liver; patients; study
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        item: #1279 of 5187
          id: cord-275128-620wf0pb
      author: White, J. R.
       title: PI3K/mTOR and topoisomerase inhibitors with potential activity against SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-09-03
       words: 2405
      flesch: 42
     summary: Among those drugs with the strongest associated reductions in ACE2 expression, we identified two major categories: (i) 55 topoisomerase inhibitors, and (ii) PI3K/mTOR pathway inhibitors (Table 1) . Topoisomerase inhibitors including camptothecin, SN-38, and Genz-644282 demonstrated significant reductions in ACE2 expression, often with a dose dependent relationship (Fig. 1 ).
    keywords: ace2; cov-2; medrxiv; patients; preprint; sars
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        item: #1280 of 5187
          id: cord-275173-ely3aen3
      author: Pickering, Brad S.
       title: Susceptibility of domestic swine to experimental infection with SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-09-10
       words: 1919
      flesch: 39
     summary: Nat Microbiol Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 383 in Domestic Cats A pneumonia outbreak associated with 385 a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Hematology and biochemistry 389 reference intervals for Ontario commercial nursing pigs close to the time of weaning The biomedical piglet: 392 establishing reference intervals for haematology and clinical chemistry parameters of two age groups 393 with and without iron supplementation Recombinant 395 nipah virus vaccines protect pigs against challenge Experimental inoculation study indicates swine as a 397 potential host for Hendra virus Detection of 2019 novel 399 coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real-time RT-PCR A Genomic Perspective on the Origin and Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 SARS-CoV-2 in fruit bats, 403 ferrets, pigs, and chickens: an experimental transmission study. Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases Nipah virus: a recently 370 emergent deadly paramyxovirus Fatal encephalitis due to 372 Nipah virus among pig-farmers in Malaysia Japanese encephalitis 374 virus infection, diagnosis and control in domestic animals Veterinary Vaccines and Their Importance to Animal Health and Public Health.
    keywords: animals; blood; cov-2; dpi; sars; study
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        item: #1281 of 5187
          id: cord-275185-9br8lwma
      author: Zeng, Hao
       title: The efficacy assessment of convalescent plasma therapy for COVID-19 patients: a multi-center case series
        date: 2020-10-06
       words: 6621
      flesch: 46
     summary: Herein, we performed a retrospective observational study involving eight critical or severe patients with COVID-19 from four designated hospitals in the southwest region of China, aiming to explore the potential efficacy and safety of CP therapy, and to provide more evidence for the quality control of donated plasma and reasonable clinical application of CP transfusion. As the patients have been treated by antiviral drugs and oxygen support before CP therapy, the body temperature, heart rate, and systolic pressure were normal even prior to CP transfusion, and kept unchanged within 5 days after CP transfusion as indicated in Table 4 .
    keywords: convalescent; cov-2; covid-19; days; igg; patients; plasma; sars; specific; therapy; transfusion; treatment
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        item: #1282 of 5187
          id: cord-275191-lgze4zex
      author: Al-Sadeq, Duaa W.
       title: The incidence of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 among asymptomatic patients: a systematic review
        date: 2020-07-02
       words: 3294
      flesch: 40
     summary: medRxiv COVID-19 infection among asymptomatic and symptomatic pregnant women: Two weeks of confirmed presentations to an affiliated pair of New York City hospitals 18 F-FDG PET/CT findings of COVID-19: a series of four highly suspected cases Comparative serological study for the prevalence of anti-MERS coronavirus antibodies in high-and low-risk groups in Qatar A serological assay to detect SARS-CoV-2 seroconversion in humans The relative transmissibility of asymptomatic COVID-19 infections among close contacts Almost 75% of people on board Diamond Princess with COVID-19 may have been asymptomatic Estimating the asymptomatic proportion of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases on board the Diamond Princess cruise ship It worth mentioning that there is a high percent of COVID-19 asymptomatic patients who could transmit the infection to all communities.
    keywords: asymptomatic; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; infection; patients; sars; studies
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        item: #1283 of 5187
          id: cord-275199-y7b12vml
      author: Suárez-Fariñas, Mayte
       title: Intestinal inflammation modulates the expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and potentially overlaps with the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 related disease
        date: 2020-09-25
       words: 5705
      flesch: 35
     summary: Compared to baseline ACE2 expression, post-infliximab (week 6) colonic ACE2 gene expression was significantly lower and this decrease was observed predominantly in endoscopic responders ( Figure S5 ). Consistent with the protein data, ACE2 gene expression was higher in the uninflamed ileum compared to the uninflamed colon or rectum.
    keywords: ace2; associated; colon; covid-19; disease; expression; figure; genes; ibd; inflammation; non; patients; sars; subnetworks; tmprss2
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        item: #1284 of 5187
          id: cord-275216-dnt88ycw
      author: Zhang, Xue-Yan
       title: Biological, clinical and epidemiological features of COVID-19, SARS and MERS and AutoDock simulation of ACE2
        date: 2020-07-20
       words: 4910
      flesch: 46
     summary: The continuing 2019-nCoV epidemic threat of novel coronaviruses to global health -The latest 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China SARS and MERS: recent insights into emerging coronaviruses Preliminary prediction of the basic reproduction number of the Wuhan novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV The battle against SARS and MERS coronaviruses: Reservoirs and Animal Models The epidemiology and pathogenesis of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak Feasibility of controlling COVID-19 outbreaks by isolation of cases and contacts Applications of google search trends for risk communication in infectious disease management: a case study of COVID-19 outbreak in Taiwan Geographical tracking and mapping of coronavirus disease COVID-19/severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) epidemic and associated events around the world: how 21st century GIS technologies are supporting the global fight against outbreaks and epidemics Clinical trial analysis of 2019-nCoV therapy registered in China Retracted: clinical and epidemiological characteristics of 34 children with 2019 novel coronavirus infection in Shenzhen Uncanny similarity of unique inserts in the 2019-nCoV spike protein to HIV-1 gp120 and gag Broad Spectrum antiviral agent Niclosamide and its therapeutic potential Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro Patients of COVID-19 may benefit from sustained lopinavir-combined regimen and the increase of eosinophil may predict the outcome of COVID-19 progression Structural basis for the recognition of the SARS-CoV-2 by full-length human ACE2 COVID-19: gastrointestinal manifestations and potential fecal-oral transmission Review article: gastrointestinal features in COVID-19 and the possibility of faecal transmission Molecular and serological investigation of 2019-nCoV infected patients: implication of multiple shedding routes Acknowledgments AJE edited the manuscript for grammar, punctuation and spelling. Transmission route Viruses can directly infect people but can also infect one or more kinds of animals.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; epidemic; mers; novel; outbreak; patients; sars; transmission; treatment
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        item: #1285 of 5187
          id: cord-275250-ilmgy7ce
      author: Xia, Yong
       title: Dynamics of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in a case with SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-05-17
       words: 730
      flesch: 55
     summary: On Feb 17, reactivity to IgG antibody was significantly positive, but reactivity to IgM antibody was still weak by using Kit A. Reactivity to IgM antibody was obviously positive by using Kit B. IgM and IgG antibody levels were 0.74 AU/mL, 6.90 AU/mL, respectively. As shown in Table 1 , on Feb 14, reactivity to IgM/ IgG antibodies was very weak and invisible to the naked eye by using Kit A, C. Reactivity to IgM antibody was positive and visible to the naked eye by using Kit B. IgM and IgG antibodies had been assayed by using Kit D, and IgM and IgG antibody levels were 0.62 AU/mL, 2.41 AU/mL, respectively (normal IgM and IgG <1.1 AU/mL).
    keywords: cov-2; sars
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        item: #1286 of 5187
          id: cord-275252-4e3cn50u
      author: Rad SM, Ali Hosseini
       title: Implications of SARS-CoV-2 mutations for genomic RNA structure and host microRNA targeting
        date: 2020-05-16
       words: 4369
      flesch: 45
     summary: While perfect matches of miRNA to target viral sequences results in miRNA-induced silencing complex (miRISC)-mediate destruction of viral RNA, imperfect matches interfere with translation [15] . C=18.4%) and enrichment of codons in in pyrimidines is likely due to APOBEC editing of viral RNA and the fact that Nsp14 (proof-reading) does not remove U (the product of cytosine deamination)
    keywords: cov-2; figure; genome; host; mirna; mutations; rna; sars; sites; structure; target; virus
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        item: #1287 of 5187
          id: cord-275257-upj8mvzn
      author: Hwang, E. Shelley
       title: Surgical Oncologists and the COVID-19 Pandemic: Guiding Cancer Patients Effectively through Turbulence and Change
        date: 2020-06-14
       words: 8502
      flesch: 36
     summary: key: cord-275257-upj8mvzn authors: Hwang, E. Shelley; Balch, Charles M.; Balch, Glen C.; Feldman, Sheldon M.; Golshan, Mehra; Grobmyer, Stephen R.; Libutti, Steven K.; Margenthaler, Julie A.; Sasidhar, Madhu; Turaga, Kiran K.; Wong, Sandra L.; McMasters, Kelly M.; Tanabe, Kenneth K. title: Surgical Oncologists and the COVID-19 Pandemic: Guiding Cancer Patients Effectively through Turbulence and Change date: 2020-06-14 journal: Ann Surg Oncol DOI: 10.1245/s10434-020-08673-6 sha: doc_id: 275257 cord_uid: upj8mvzn BACKGROUND: A summary of key measures that have established a framework from which to address these issues is provided, as well as additional strategies for managing resumption of surgical care in cancer patients.
    keywords: cancer; care; covid-19; covid-19 pandemic; guidelines; healthcare; hospitals; lung; pandemic; patients; risk; surgery; telemedicine; therapy; time; treatment; use; visits
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        item: #1288 of 5187
          id: cord-275336-lnhkux0m
      author: Marino Gammazza, Antonella
       title: Human molecular chaperones share with SARS-CoV-2 antigenic epitopes potentially capable of eliciting autoimmunity against endothelial cells: possible role of molecular mimicry in COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-04
       words: 1939
      flesch: 28
     summary: We compared viral proteins with human molecular chaperones, many of which are heat shock proteins, to determine if they share amino acid-sequence segments with immunogenic-antigenic potential, which can elicit cross-reactive antibodies and effector immune cells with the capacity to damage-destroy human cells by a mechanism of autoimmunity. It has been demonstrated that stress agents induce HSP90 localization on the surface of primary human endothelial cells (Profumo et al. 2018) , and HSP60 is present on the surface of arterial endothelial cells, initiating atherosclerosis by the recognition of atherogenic HSP60 epitopes (Almanzar et al. 2012) .
    keywords: cell; chaperones; covid-19; human
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        item: #1289 of 5187
          id: cord-275340-q8d7rvnj
      author: Sun, JingKang
       title: Advances in the use of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine for the treatment of COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-21
       words: 6638
      flesch: 44
     summary: In a randomized clinical trial from Wuhan about HCQ treatment of mild COVID-19 [50] , 31 out of 62 patients received HCQ (200 mg/2 times/day for 5 days). In the initial trial from France, of the 84 patients receiving HCQ treatment, 8 patients discontinued HCQ owing to ECG modifications within 4 days.
    keywords: activity; azithromycin; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; group; hcq; patients; results; sars; studies; study; treatment
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        item: #1290 of 5187
          id: cord-275348-jna496x7
      author: Kapadia, Sagar U.
       title: SARS vaccine based on a replication-defective recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus is more potent than one based on a replication-competent vector
        date: 2008-06-20
       words: 5987
      flesch: 45
     summary: VSV G protein is the target of VSV neutralizing antibodies (Kelley et al., 1972) . VSVΔG-EGFP1 pseudotyped with either SΔtail-HA or VSV G proteins were incubated with antiserum from mice immunized with wt VSV, VSV-S or SARS-CoV as indicated.
    keywords: cells; cov; infection; mice; protein; sars; virus; vsv; vsvδg
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        item: #1291 of 5187
          id: cord-275357-yx8lsfdv
      author: Lu, J.
       title: Saliva is less sensitive than nasopharyngeal swabs for COVID-19 detection in the community setting
        date: 2020-05-15
       words: 2351
      flesch: 50
     summary: The use of saliva collection for SARS-CoV-2 diagnostics in the ambulatory setting provides several advantages when compared to nasopharyngeal swabs (NPS), including ease of self-collection and reduced use of personal protective equipment (PPE). We investigated the utility of saliva collection in the community setting at Renown Health in a prospective Diagnostic Cohort of 88 patients and in a Convalescent Cohort of 24 patients.
    keywords: assay; detection; nps; preprint; rna; saliva
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        item: #1292 of 5187
          id: cord-275360-uphdzj5l
      author: Sahajpal, Nikhil Shri
       title: Proposal of Reverse Transcription-PCR–Based Mass Population Screening for SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)
        date: 2020-07-30
       words: 1676
      flesch: 41
     summary: Herein, we propose a mass population screening approach, based on sample pooling strategy for rapid and wide-scale population screening that may be adopted by laboratories currently using RT-PCR based methods to test for SARS-CoV-2. To minimize this, use of a minimum of two identifiers and well documented workflows to ensure traceability of all pooled samples is essential.
    keywords: covid-19; pooling; samples; sars; testing
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        item: #1293 of 5187
          id: cord-275404-hv3y4x4g
      author: Zumla, Alimuddin
       title: Infection control and MERS-CoV in health-care workers
        date: 2014-05-20
       words: 1528
      flesch: 37
     summary: World Health Organization Guidelines for environmental infection control in health-care facilities. key: cord-275404-hv3y4x4g authors: Zumla, Alimuddin; Hui, David S title: Infection control and MERS-CoV in health-care workers date: 2014-05-20 journal: Lancet DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(14)60852-7 sha: doc_id: 275404 cord_uid: hv3y4x4g nan The recent exponential rise in the number of reported cases of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is of major global concern.
    keywords: control; cov; health; infection; mers
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        item: #1294 of 5187
          id: cord-275420-zkxyxiv5
      author: Crabtree, Scott J.
       title: The role of multidisciplinary infection prevention teams in identifying community transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in the United States
        date: 2020-07-23
       words: 1191
      flesch: 45
     summary: key: cord-275420-zkxyxiv5 authors: Crabtree, Scott J.; Cohen, Stuart H. title: The role of multidisciplinary infection prevention teams in identifying community transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in the United States date: 2020-07-23 journal: Infection control and hospital epidemiology DOI: 10.1017/ice.2020.360 sha: doc_id: 275420 cord_uid: zkxyxiv5 Antimicrobial stewardship handshake rounds, involving the regular in-person interaction between stewardship teams and frontline providers, were first rolled out at Children's Hospital Colorado in 2013, with good results.
    keywords: case; patient; team
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        item: #1295 of 5187
          id: cord-275438-drywzvx8
      author: Satış, Hasan
       title: Prognostic value of interleukin-18 and its association with other inflammatory markers and disease severity in COVID-19
        date: 2020-09-29
       words: 3544
      flesch: 42
     summary: However, exuberant immune response with features of macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) lead detrimental consequences in COVID-19 patients. Serum IL-18 levels were remarkably higher in COVID-19 patients compared to healthy subjects with being highest in severe pneumonia group (p < 0.001).
    keywords: covid-19; cytokine; disease; il-18; il-6; outcome; patients; sars; serum
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        item: #1296 of 5187
          id: cord-275439-cdlcv1c9
      author: Iwasaki, S.
       title: Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 detection in nasopharyngeal swab and saliva
        date: 2020-05-19
       words: 1852
      flesch: 60
     summary: Nasopharyngeal swab samples and saliva samples were simultaneously collected from patients suspicious of COVID-19 and from patients who were referred to our hospital with the diagnosis of COVID-19. Saliva samples were self-collected by the patients except one patient, in whom saliva was collected by swab due to inability of self-collection, and spit into a sterile PP Screw cup 50 (ASIAKIZAI Co., Tokyo, Japan).
    keywords: nasopharyngeal; patients; saliva; samples
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        item: #1297 of 5187
          id: cord-275452-ymimvoq9
      author: Ameen, Fuad
       title: Covid-19 pandemic outburst in Saudi Arabia: A Glimpse
        date: 2020-07-30
       words: 2465
      flesch: 42
     summary: Extensive and continuous studies going on covid-19 infections have specified initial and later disease syndromes (Fig. 2) . In broader sense the warning signs of covid-19 infection normally emerge out following an incubation time of roughly two to fourteen days ).
    keywords: cases; coronavirus; covid-19; novel; sars; saudi
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        item: #1298 of 5187
          id: cord-275454-an8xvow3
      author: Clark, Andrew E
       title: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Screening With Specimen Pools: Time to Swim, or Too Deep for Comfort?
        date: 2020-09-28
       words: 1608
      flesch: 40
     summary: If people misinterpret negative test results as justification to relax their nonpharmacologic interventions (mask wearing), especially at traditionally social times like lunch and coffee breaks, the magnitude of disease spread could be significant. The study demonstrates sample pooling as a mechanism for both cost reduction and resource conservation, using a commercial molecular platform with a rapid turnaround time and strong analytical sensitivity.
    keywords: pooling; sample; sars; screening; testing
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        item: #1299 of 5187
          id: cord-275482-ncrhb75f
      author: Jia, Hong Peng
       title: Infection of Human Airway Epithelia by Sars Coronavirus is Associated with ACE2 Expression and Localization
        date: 2006
       words: 2145
      flesch: 35
     summary: Although both DC-SIGN (CD209) and DC-SIGN (L-SIGN, CD209L) can enhance SARS-CoV infection of ACE2 expressing cells, these proteins are not sufficient to support infection in the absence of ACE2. 9 To understand the potential role for ACE2 as the SARS-CoV receptor in the respiratory tract, we first looked for evidence of ACE2 protein expression in human lung tissue by Western blot.
    keywords: ace2; airway; cov; epithelia; sars
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        item: #1300 of 5187
          id: cord-275495-h60x89zi
      author: Bocksberger, S.
       title: Temporäre Hyposmie bei COVID-19-Patienten
        date: 2020-05-25
       words: 1302
      flesch: 51
     summary: Die Autoren gehen davon aus, dass diese Inzidenz niedriger ist als die Rate an Hyposmie in unserer Kohorte; dies entspricht der persönlichen klinischen Erfahrung wie auch der Erfahrung der Mitglieder der Die geringe Inzidenz von gleichzeitiger Rhinitis bei den Hyposmiepatienten in unserer Testgruppe sowie die Persistenz der Hyposmie nach dem Abschwellen der Nasenschleimhäute bei den meisten Patienten deuten eher auf eine neurogene als eine rhinitische Ursache der COVID-19-assoziierten Riechstörung hin.
    keywords: bei; covid-19; der; die; hyposmia; patienten; patients; und; von
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        item: #1301 of 5187
          id: cord-275506-3t5gf66c
      author: Agbuduwe, Charles
       title: Hematolological Manifestations of COVID‐19: From Cytopenia to Coagulopathy
        date: 2020-07-14
       words: 4288
      flesch: 27
     summary: [17] In addition to a significant reduction in both CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte subsets in COVID-19 patients, severe cases had much lower CD8+ lymphocytes and a subsequent increase positively correlated with improved clinical outcomes. [14] Similar findings were reported in a French cohort study with mild thrombocytopenia identified in about a quarter of COVID-19 patients on admission to hospital and this was independently predictive of the risk of admission to ICU, mechanical ventilation or death.
    keywords: article; blood; cases; cov-2; covid-19; disease; patients; sars; study
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        item: #1302 of 5187
          id: cord-275521-dlp055z8
      author: Goldman, Emanuel
       title: Exaggerated risk of transmission of COVID-19 by fomites
        date: 2020-07-03
       words: 738
      flesch: 44
     summary: I declare no competing interests. Professor of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, New Jersey Medical School -Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103, USA Stability and inactivation of SARS coronavirus Stability of SARS coronavirus in human specimens and environment and its sensitivity to heating and UV irradiation Aerosol and surface stability of SARS-CoV-2 as compared with SARS-CoV-1 Human coronavirus 229E remains infectious on common touch surface materials Measurements of airborne influenza virus in aerosol particles from human coughs Survival of human coronaviruses 229E and OC43 in suspension and after drying on surfaces: a possible source of hospital-acquired infections Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus on hospital surfaces Persistence of coronaviruses on inanimate surfaces and their inactivation with biocidal agents key: cord-275521-dlp055z8 authors: Goldman, Emanuel title: Exaggerated risk of transmission of COVID-19 by fomites date: 2020-07-03 journal: Lancet Infect Dis DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(20)30561-2 sha: doc_id: 275521 cord_uid: dlp055z8 nan A clinically significant risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission by fomites (inanimate surfaces or objects) has been assumed on the basis of studies that have little resemblance to real-life scenarios.
    keywords: surfaces; virus
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        item: #1303 of 5187
          id: cord-275552-ijxxeo27
      author: Yen, Zui-Shen
       title: How much would you be willing to pay for preventing a new dangerous infectious disease: A willingness-to-pay study in medical personnel working in the emergency department
        date: 2007-10-10
       words: 2706
      flesch: 51
     summary: CONCLUSIONS: Medical personnel in the ED reported that they would be willing to pay substantial monetary amounts for preventing nosocomial SARS. In conclusion, medical personnel in the ED reported that they would be willing to pay substantial monetary amounts for preventing nosocomial SARS.
    keywords: pay; personnel; sars; study; vaccine; wtp
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        item: #1304 of 5187
          id: cord-275565-xerr4vki
      author: Kumar, Manish
       title: Decay of SARS-CoV-2 RNA along the wastewater treatment outfitted with Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) system evaluated through two sample concentration techniques
        date: 2020-09-15
       words: 3459
      flesch: 38
     summary: These all warrants a study that can track the genetic loading after each wastewater treatment stage in Indian settings and highlight the effects of wastewater treatment on RNA decay of the corona virus. In wastewater treatment ponds, viruses are removed through various mechanisms, including adsorption, predation and sunlight inactivation (Verbyla and Mihelcic, 2015) .
    keywords: cov-2; method; rna; sars; treatment; uasb; wastewater
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        item: #1305 of 5187
          id: cord-275569-i5y23mmz
      author: de Bernardis, E.
       title: A putative role for the tobacco mosaic virus in smokers’ resistance to COVID-19
        date: 2020-07-31
       words: 1501
      flesch: 31
     summary: Though it is intuitively tempting, on the basis of physiopathological common knowledge, to predict a greater risk of contracting the SARS-CoV-2 infection in tobacco smokers, an analysis of studies from various countries shows that hospitalized COVID-19 patients have a lower, and apparently inversely proportional, rate of current tobacco smoking, in comparison with the respective general population, although once the disease has developed meta-analyses suggest that smoking is associated with a worse prognosis Apart from nicotine or other chemicals contained in tobacco smoke, we propose that a single-stranded RNA virus that infects tobacco leaves, tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), might be implicated in this effect.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; tobacco
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        item: #1306 of 5187
          id: cord-275604-5u4kikov
      author: Feehan, Amy K.
       title: Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 and Infection Fatality Ratio, Orleans and Jefferson Parishes, Louisiana, USA, May 2020
        date: 2020-11-17
       words: 1421
      flesch: 46
     summary: Our study found the overall SARS-CoV-2 exposure rate in this area to be 7.8% and confirmed a recent report of overrepresentation of Black persons with COVID-19 in the New Orleans area (5) . Study participants for whom either or both tests were positive were considered to be infected with SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: infection; participants; persons; sars; seroprevalence
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        item: #1307 of 5187
          id: cord-275690-83nrzfon
      author: Stanifer, Megan L.
       title: Critical role of type III interferon in controlling SARS-CoV-2 infection, replication and spread in primary human intestinal epithelial cells
        date: 2020-04-24
       words: 4699
      flesch: 40
     summary: SARS-CoV-2 infection of the gastrointestinal tract is supported by the fact that ACE2, the virus receptor (Hoffmann et al., 2020) , is expressed in intestinal epithelial cells (Zhao et al., 2020) (Lukassen et al., 2020) (Wu et al., 2020a) (Venkatakrishnan et al., 2020) and single cell sequencing analysis suggest that its expression is even higher on intestinal cells compared to lung cells (Xu et al., 2020a) Here, we engaged in studying SARS-CoV-2 infection of human intestinal cells.
    keywords: cells; cov-2; fig; ifn; infection; sars; type
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        item: #1308 of 5187
          id: cord-275708-17cz3agx
      author: Babyn, Paul S.
       title: Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): chest radiographic features in children
        date: 2003-11-18
       words: 5766
      flesch: 44
     summary: Forty-one patients (66.1%) were in close contact with other probable, suspect, or quarantined cases; 10 patients (16.1%) had recently traveled to WHO-designated affected areas within 10 days; and 7 patients (11.2%) were transferred from other hospitals that had SARS patients. Forty-one patients (66.1%) were in close contact with other probable, suspect, or quarantined cases; 10 patients (16.1%) had recently traveled to WHO-designated affected areas within 10 days; and 7 patients (11.2%) were transferred from other hospitals that had SARS patients.
    keywords: cases; children; contact; disease; findings; hong; kong; patients; sars; syndrome
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        item: #1309 of 5187
          id: cord-275746-3sgbpn13
      author: Shimamoto, Yasuhiro
       title: Fused-ring structure of decahydroisoquinolin as a novel scaffold for SARS 3CL protease inhibitors
        date: 2015-02-15
       words: 6636
      flesch: 61
     summary: decahydroisoquinolin inhibitors (41 vs 44). Digestion of the substrate peptide with R188I SARS 3CL pro in the presence of decahydroisoquinolin derivatives of different concentrations was conducted according to the published procedure.
    keywords: 3cl; acoet; decahydroisoquinolin; inhibitor; mixture; mmol; pro
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        item: #1310 of 5187
          id: cord-275760-hi9sj0d7
      author: Ng, Siew C
       title: Screening FMT donors during the COVID-19 pandemic: a protocol for stool SARS-CoV-2 viral quantification
        date: 2020-04-22
       words: 645
      flesch: 43
     summary: We developed a screening protocol that combines a questionnaire to identify donors who might be at risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection with an RT-PCR assay for detecting SARS-CoV-2 in donor stool. key: cord-275760-hi9sj0d7 authors: Ng, Siew C; Chan, Francis K L; Chan, Paul K S title: Screening FMT donors during the COVID-19 pandemic: a protocol for stool SARS-CoV-2 viral quantification date: 2020-04-22 journal: Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol DOI: 10.1016/s2468-1253(20)30124-2 sha: doc_id: 275760 cord_uid: hi9sj0d7 nan We read with interest the Correspondence by Christopher Green and colleagues 1 suggesting the need for a molecular test to screen faecal microbiota transplant (FMT ) donors for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to prevent the potential risk of transmission.
    keywords: cov-2; sars
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        item: #1311 of 5187
          id: cord-275784-n6jv72l7
      author: Spina, Alfio
       title: The Management Of Neurosurgical Patients During The Covid-19 Pandemic
        date: 2020-04-30
       words: 2231
      flesch: 39
     summary: It is well known that COVID-19 patients harbor a higher risk of thrombosis and secondary pulmonary infections, hence adequate treatment has to be warranted. Case selection, operating room and postoperative management of neurosurgical patients were discussed.
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; healthcare; pandemic; patients; surgery
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        item: #1312 of 5187
          id: cord-275846-7onenxg7
      author: Kamikubo, Yasuhiko
       title: Epidemiological Tools that Predict Partial Herd Immunity to SARS Coronavirus 2
        date: 2020-03-27
       words: 2303
      flesch: 51
     summary: Notably, only 1 out of 27 (3.7%) viral strains isolated from Wuhan was S type, while 10 out of 31 (32.3%) from other places in China and 18 out of 45 (40.0%) outside the country were S type. The L type has accumulated more mutations than the S type and the orf1ab replicase/transcriptase gene of L type has a codon that is more preferred for translation than S type, suggesting that the L type replicates and/or transmits faster than the S type.
    keywords: cov-2; preprint; sars; type
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        item: #1313 of 5187
          id: cord-275858-46jzw94p
      author: Leung, Janice M.
       title: COVID-19 and COPD
        date: 2020-08-13
       words: 3026
      flesch: 23
     summary: The epidemiological data emerging from China and other early epicentres have not yet provided the necessary granularity required to determine whether these medications are harmful or beneficial in COVID-19 patients with COPD. Because of the results of the RECOVERY trial, however, it is likely that dexamethasone will become standard of care treatment for COVID-19 patients including those with COPD.
    keywords: characteristics; china; clinical; copd; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; patients; sars
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        item: #1314 of 5187
          id: cord-275862-1aqtqaod
      author: Yang, Xiaodong
       title: A case of COVID-19 patient with the diarrhea as initial symptom and literature review
        date: 2020-04-15
       words: 1320
      flesch: 48
     summary: Possible mechanism for diarrhea in NCIP patients was also discussed. 4 in all 38 NCIP patients in our hospital had diarrhea symptoms, with a incidence rate of about 10.8%, which is consistent with the reports of other researchers [1, [3] [4] [5] 7] .
    keywords: 2019; diarrhea; novel; patient
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        item: #1315 of 5187
          id: cord-275888-6u1o6414
      author: Tan, Kian Teo
       title: N95 acne
        date: 2004-06-29
       words: 2075
      flesch: 46
     summary: A diagnosis of sarcoidosis involving the central nervous system, lacrimal gland, nasal septum, vocal cord, lung and scalp was made, and the patient was treated with 20 mg of methylprednisone on alternate days with intralesional triamcinolone injection for skin lesions. added disseminated porokeratosis with palmar and plantar involvement (PPPD) to the spectrum.
    keywords: acne; lesions; porokeratosis; sarcoidosis; sars; skin
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        item: #1316 of 5187
          id: cord-275894-puwaty70
      author: Wajnberg, A.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 infection induces robust, neutralizing antibody responses that are stable for at least three months
        date: 2020-07-17
       words: 2495
      flesch: 52
     summary: This is encouraging, and further validates our use of antibody titers to refer 120 for plasma donation and for further investigation into protective effects at the various titer levels. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.14.20151126 doi: medRxiv preprint with authentic SARS-CoV-2 virus, and the vast majority of individuals with antibody titers of 1:320 167 or higher show neutralizing activity in their serum.
    keywords: antibody; cov-2; medrxiv; preprint; sars; titers
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        item: #1317 of 5187
          id: cord-275926-rj23z7po
      author: Fontanella, Marco M.
       title: Neurosurgical practice during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: a worldwide survey
        date: 2020-05-05
       words: 4017
      flesch: 44
     summary: COVID-19 positive Italian health professionals have reached more than 13,000, with more than 100 deaths of physicians (most of them are general practitioners) and almost 30 nurses. These data show how most countries acted according to international guidelines in the management of elective procedures.
    keywords: cases; country; covid-19; emergency; health; patients; respondents; sars; survey
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        item: #1318 of 5187
          id: cord-275946-ofd2ipvs
      author: Cheng, Matthew P.
       title: Serodiagnostics for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome–Related Coronavirus-2: A Narrative Review
        date: 2020-06-04
       words: 5287
      flesch: 27
     summary: The time course of the immune response to experimental coronavirus infection of man The convalescent sera option for containing COVID-19 Use of convalescent plasma therapy in SARS patients in Hong Kong The feasibility of convalescent plasma therapy in severe COVID-19 patients: a pilot study Effectiveness of convalescent plasma therapy in severe COVID-19 patients Testing an old therapy against a new disease: convalescent plasma for COVID-19 Deployment of convalescent plasma for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 Anti-influenza immune plasma for the treatment of patients with severe influenza A: a randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial Anti-influenza hyperimmune intravenous immunoglobulin for adults with influenza A or B infection (FLU-IVIG): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial Subunit vaccines against emerging pathogenic human coronaviruses SARS CoV subunit vaccine: antibody-mediated neutralisation and enhancement Anti-spike IgG causes severe acute lung injury by skewing macrophage responses during acute SARS-CoV infection Prospects for a MERS-CoV spike vaccine A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Current status of epidemiology, diagnosis, therapeutics, and vaccines for novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Analysis and interpretation of the data Drafting of the article Administrative, technical, or logistic support: C. Caya. The figure shows a decision tree for interpreting antibody test results by symptomatology (symptomatic, postsymptomatic, asymptomatic or subclinical) and whether the patient is a suspected case.
    keywords: antibodies; antibody; assays; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; patients; sars; serologic; studies; test
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        item: #1319 of 5187
          id: cord-275960-1m6poddy
      author: Thieme, C. J.
       title: The SARS-CoV-2 T-cell immunity is directed against the spike, membrane, and nucleocapsid protein and associated with COVID 19 severity
        date: 2020-05-16
       words: 3256
      flesch: 43
     summary: Interestingly, the pattern observed for S-, N-, and M-protein reactivity of CD4 + T cells were not found in CD8 + T cells (Fig. 2j-o) . a-f) Frequencies of (a) CD154 + CD137 + CD4 + T cells (antigen-specific CD4 + T cells), (b) interferon γ (IFNγ)-, (c) tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα)-, (d) interleukin (IL)
    keywords: cd4; cd8; cells; covid-19; patients; sars
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        item: #1320 of 5187
          id: cord-275978-pezm1tnw
      author: Riccardo, Flavia
       title: Epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 cases in Italy and estimates of the reproductive numbers one month into the epidemic
        date: 2020-04-11
       words: 5551
      flesch: 49
     summary: key: cord-275978-pezm1tnw authors: Riccardo, Flavia; Ajelli, Marco; Andrianou, Xanthi; Bella, Antonino; Del Manso, Martina; Fabiani, Massimo; Bellino, Stefania; Boros, Stefano; Mateo Urdiales, Alberto; Marziano, Valentina; Rota, Maria Cristina; Filia, Antonietta; D'Ancona, Fortunato (Paolo); Siddu, Andrea; Punzo, Ornella; Trentini, Filippo; Guzzetta, Giorgio; Poletti, Piero; Stefanelli, Paola; Castrucci, Maria Rita; Ciervo, Alessandra; Di Benedetto, Corrado; Tallon, Marco; Piccioli, Andrea; Brusaferro, Silvio; Rezza, Giovanni; Merler, Stefano; Pezzotti, Patrizio title: Epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 cases in Italy and estimates of the reproductive numbers one month into the epidemic date: 2020-04-11 journal: nan DOI: 10.1101/2020.04.08.20056861 sha: doc_id: 275978 cord_uid: pezm1tnw Background Due to the high concordance (99%) among confirmation results with the engaged laboratories, the policy was then changed allowing selected Regions with demonstrated confirmation capacity to directly confirm COVID-19 cases (17) .
    keywords: age; cases; covid-19; data; disease; epidemic; italy; license; number; preprint; regions; transmission
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        item: #1321 of 5187
          id: cord-275979-cx2h5bsw
      author: Scutelnic, Adrian
       title: Vascular Events, Vascular Disease and Vascular Risk Factors—Strongly Intertwined with COVID-19
        date: 2020-10-08
       words: 6757
      flesch: 42
     summary: At present, current guidelines do not recommend to prophylactically prescribe ACEIs/ARBs to decrease COVID-19 infection risk and to improve outcome of COVID-19, and they do not recommend to switch an established treatment for these antihypertensive drugs in COVID-19 patients Studies have found pathological laboratory test results in COVID-19 patients, especially in those with severe COVID-19, such as elevated leukocyte counts, reduced lymphocyte counts and elevated levels of C-reactive protein, Ddimer levels, ferritin and lactate dehydrogenase, indicating hypercoagulability Patient with ischaemic stroke because of large vessel occlusion.
    keywords: analysis; covid-19; diabetes; disease; factors; patients; risk; sars; stroke; study
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        item: #1322 of 5187
          id: cord-275993-isff6lp2
      author: Han, Dong P
       title: Development of a safe neutralization assay for SARS-CoV and characterization of S-glycoprotein
        date: 2004-08-15
       words: 5610
      flesch: 42
     summary: Antibodies against SARS proteins have been shown to appear as early as 9 days after the onset of illness (Hsueh et al., 2003) . Vesicular stomatitis virus G glycoprotein pseudotyped retroviral vectors: concentration to very high titer and efficient gene transfer into mammalian and nonmammalian cells Identification of the epitope region capable of inducing neutralizing antibodies against the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus Macrophage tropism of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and utilization of the CC-CKR5 coreceptor Subunit protein vaccines: theoretical and practical considerations for HIV-1 Membrane rearrangement and vesicle induction by recombinant poliovirus 2C and 2BC in human cells Monoclonal antibodies to murine hepatitis virus-4 (strain JHM) define the viral glycoprotein responsible for attachment and cell -cell fusion Protection from lethal coronavirus infection by affinity-purified spike glycoprotein of murine hepatitis virus, strain A59 Assembly of coronavirus spike protein into trimers and its role in epitope expression Identification of a major co-receptor for primary isolates of HIV-1 Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome The V5A13.1 envelope glycoprotein deletion mutant of mouse hepatitis virus type-4 is neuroattenuated by its reduced rate of spread in the central nervous system Antigenic relationships of murine coronaviruses: analysis using monoclonal antibodies to JHM (MHV-4) virus Aetiology: Koch's postulates fulfilled for SARS virus Eukaryotic transient-expression system based on recombinant vaccinia virus that synthesizes bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase Alteration of the pH dependence of coronavirus-induced cell fusion: effect of mutations in the spike glycoprotein Major receptorbinding and neutralization determinants are located within the same domain of the transmissible gastroenteritis virus (coronavirus) spike protein Detection of SARS coronavirus in plasma by real-time RT-PCR Isolation and characterization of viruses related to the SARS coronavirus from animals in southern China Microbiologic characteristics, serologic responses, and clinical manifestations in severe acute respiratory syndrome Location of antigenic sites defined by neutralizing monoclonal antibodies on the S1 avian infectious bronchitis virus glycopolypeptide Development of a safe and rapid neutralization assay using murine leukemia virus pseudotyped with HIV type 1 envelope glycoprotein lacking the cytoplasmic domain Protective immunity against murine hepatitis virus (MHV) induced by intranasal or subcutaneous administration of hybrids of tobacco mosaic virus that carries an MHV epitope A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Neutralization and fusion inhibition activities of monoclonal antibodies specific for the S1 subunit of the spike protein of neurovirulent murine coronavirus JHMV c1-2 variant Localization of neutralizing epitopes and the receptor-binding site within the amino-terminal 330 amino acids of the murine coronavirus spike protein Coronviridae: the viruses and their replication A real-time PCR for SARS-coronavirus incorporating target gene pre-amplification The C12 mutant of MHV-A59 is very weakly demyelinating and has five amino acid substitutions restricted to the spike and replicase genes Role of pH in syncytium induction and genome uncoating of avian infectious bronchitis coronavirus (IBV) Coronavirus IBV-induced membrane fusion occurs at near-neutral pH Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus Virology: SARS virus infection of cats and ferrets New mammalian expression vectors Entry of mouse hepatitis virus into cells by endosomal and nonendosomal pathways Quantitative analysis and prognostic implication of SARS coronavirus RNA in the plasma and serum of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome N-linked glycosylation sites adjacent to and within the V1/ V2 and the V3 loops of dualtropic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolate DH12 gp120 affect coreceptor usage and cellular tropism Initial events in bovine coronavirus infection: analysis through immunogold probes and lysosomotropic inhibitors Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Foamy virus envelope glycoprotein-mediated entry involves a pH-dependent fusion process Early diagnosis of SARS Coronavirus infection by real time RT-PCR Rapid diagnosis of a coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Identification of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Canada A role for carbohydrates in immune evasion in AIDS Characterization of a novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Targeted recombination demonstrates that the spike gene of transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus is a determinant of its enteric tropism and virulence Pseudotyping of murine leukemia virus with the envelope glycoproteins of HIV generates a retroviral vector with specificity of infection for CD4-expressing cells Characterization of severe acute respiratory syndromeassociated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) spike glycoprotein-mediated viral entry Unique and conserved features of genome and proteome of SARScoronavirus, an early split-off from the coronavirus group 2 lineage Localization of major neutralizing epitopes on the S1 polypeptide of the murine coronavirus peplomer glycoprotein Interpretation of diagnostic laboratory tests for severe acute respiratory syndrome: the Toronto experience A 12-amino acid stretch in the hypervariable region of the spike protein S1 subunit is critical for cell fusion activity of mouse hepatitis virus Assessment of immunoreactive synthetic peptides from the structural proteins of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Summary of probable SARS cases with onset of illness from 1 The SARS-CoV S glycoprotein: expression and functional characterization Evaluation of reverse transcription-PCR assays for rapid diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome associated with a novel coronavirus Requirement of proteolytic cleavage of the murine coronavirus MHV-2 spike protein for fusion activity We are grateful to CDC for providing plasmids encoding SARS-CoV S gene and convalescent sera, to Dr. Bernard Moss for vTF7-3, to Dr. Franc ßois-Loïc Cosset for TELCeB6 cell line, and to Drs.
    keywords: antibodies; cells; coronavirus; cov; et al; fig; glycoprotein; infection; protein; pseudoviruses; sars; virus
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        item: #1323 of 5187
          id: cord-276013-8dhqa2gj
      author: Luo, Yung-Hung
       title: Overview of coronavirus disease 2019: Treatment updates and advances
        date: 2020-08-17
       words: 3776
      flesch: 40
     summary: Initial CT findings and temporal changes in patients with the novel coronavirus pneumonia (2019-nCoV): a study of 63 patients in Wuhan, China Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study Risk factors associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome and death in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia in Wuhan, China Patients of COVID-19 may benefit from sustained lopinavir-combined regimen and the increase of eosinophil may predict the outcome of COVID-19 progression Arbidol combined with LPV/r versus LPV/r alone against corona virus disease 2019: a retrospective cohort study A trial of lopinavirritonavir in adults hospitalized with severe Covid-19 A case series of children with 2019 novel coronavirus infection: clinical and epidemiological features Public health might be endangered by possible prolonged discharge of SARS-CoV-2 in stool Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding Baricitinib as potential treatment for 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease Breakthrough: Chloroquine phosphate has shown apparent efficacy in treatment of COVID-19 associated pneumonia in clinical studies Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread In vitro antiviral activity and projection of optimized dosing design of hydroxychloroquine for the treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Urgent guidance for navigating and circumventing the QTcprolonging and torsadogenic potential of possible pharmacotherapies for coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) Hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine with or without a macrolide for treatment of COVID-19: a multinational registry analysis Characteristics of Arbidolresistant mutants of influenza virus: implications for the mechanism of anti-influenza action of Arbidol PALM Writing Group; PALM Consortium Study Team. 2 Taiwan is only 130 km from the coast of mainland China; due to its geographical proximity and the frequent travel between these two areas, Taiwan was initially predicted to exhibit the second highest number of COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: 2019; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; patients; pneumonia; sars; treatment
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        item: #1324 of 5187
          id: cord-276017-2375ipkk
      author: Chen, Dongsheng
       title: Single-cell screening of SARS-CoV-2 target cells in pets, livestock, poultry and wildlife
        date: 2020-06-14
       words: 4133
      flesch: 50
     summary: Furthermore, we screened the expression patterns of receptors for 144 viruses, resulting in a comprehensive atlas of virus target cells. Taken together, our work provides a novel and fundamental strategy to screen virus target cells and susceptible species, based on single-cell transcriptomes we generated for domesticated animals and wildlife, which could function as a valuable resource for controlling current pandemics and serve as an early warning system for coping with future infectious disease threats.
    keywords: ace2; cat; cells; cov-2; lung; sars; target; tmprss2; ¢ â; � ¢
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        item: #1325 of 5187
          id: cord-276034-a8pixbuc
      author: Zhi, Yan
       title: Identification of murine CD8 T cell epitopes in codon-optimized SARS-associated coronavirus spike protein
        date: 2005-04-25
       words: 6232
      flesch: 42
     summary: key: cord-276034-a8pixbuc authors: Zhi, Yan; Kobinger, Gary P.; Jordan, Heather; Suchma, Katie; Weiss, Susan R.; Shen, Hao; Schumer, Gregory; Gao, Guangping; Boyer, Julie L.; Crystal, Ronald G.; Wilson, James M. title: Identification of murine CD8 T cell epitopes in codon-optimized SARS-associated coronavirus spike protein date: 2005-04-25 journal: Virology DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2005.01.050 sha: doc_id: 276034 cord_uid: a8pixbuc The causative agent of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) has been identified as a new type of coronavirus, SARS-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV). CD8 T cells play an important role in controlling diseases caused by other coronaviruses and in mediating vaccine-induced protective immunity in corresponding animal models.
    keywords: cd8; cell; cov; epitopes; ifn; mice; protein; sars; spike
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        item: #1326 of 5187
          id: cord-276057-427ji6ze
      author: Effenberger, Maria
       title: Faecal calprotectin indicates intestinal inflammation in COVID-19
        date: 2020-04-20
       words: 913
      flesch: 41
     summary: In this pilot study, we explored a relation between GI symptoms, intestinal inflammation (determined by FC) and faecal SARS-CoV-2-RNA in hospitalised patients with COVID-19 who did not require intensive care measures. COVID-19 patients with ceased diarrhoea (group B) and to a larger extent patients with ongoing diarrhoea (group C) displayed elevated FC concentrations when compared with COVID-19 patients without diarrhoea (group A) (figure 1A, p<0.001).
    keywords: cov-2; patients; sars
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        item: #1327 of 5187
          id: cord-276058-1mpp7sbt
      author: Shlomai, A.
       title: Global versus focused isolation during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic-A cost-effectiveness analysis
        date: 2020-04-01
       words: 3800
      flesch: 51
     summary: Therefore, decisionmakers must carefully weigh their options with the knowledge that avoiding those extreme steps and choosing global quarantine strategies comes with a very high economical price that might seriously threaten the nation's economy. Objective: To compare the cost-effectiveness of global isolation of the whole population to focused isolation of individuals at high risk of being exposed, augmented by thorough PCR testing.
    keywords: individuals; isolation; number; population; preprint; strategy
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        item: #1328 of 5187
          id: cord-276061-7b8h2sjw
      author: Zammit, M
       title: A rise in facial nerve palsies during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic
        date: 2020-10-01
       words: 2480
      flesch: 49
     summary: A retrospective review was conducted of VIIth cranial nerve palsies from January to June 2020 and the findings were compared to those cases reviewed in the previous year. Patients with VIIth cranial nerve palsies were retrospectively reviewed from 1st January to 30th June 2020.
    keywords: cent; covid-19; nerve; palsy; patients
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        item: #1329 of 5187
          id: cord-276090-n8c2jpr6
      author: Patel, Hiren N.
       title: Cerebellar Infarction Requiring Surgical Decompression in patient with COVID 19 Pathological Analysis, Brief Review
        date: 2020-07-29
       words: 2875
      flesch: 36
     summary: Larger studies will be helpful to examine the impact of diabetes in COVID-19 patients as a risk factor for development of anti-phospholipid antibodies, coagulopathy and stroke. There are currently ten clinical trials underway worldwide as per clinicaltrials.gov that are looking at the efficacy of dexamethasone in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; disease; patient; sars; stroke; thrombosis
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        item: #1330 of 5187
          id: cord-276132-tv5y1eqc
      author: Ray, Upasana
       title: COVID-19: The Impact in Oncology Care
        date: 2020-10-23
       words: 5705
      flesch: 33
     summary: The crisis stage deals with when the system over surpluses with the COVID-19 cases and deprived of its ability to provide cancer patient care. With the increasing risk of cancer patients acquiring infection during receiving the essential care, the debate ensues on how to balance the risk factors and benefits out of the oncologic emergencies in cancer patients.
    keywords: cancer; cancer patients; care; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; guidelines; health; infection; pandemic; patients; risk; treatment
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        item: #1331 of 5187
          id: cord-276139-l13hbucu
      author: Hashem, A. M.
       title: Early Humoral Response Correlates with Disease Severity and Outcomes in COVID-19 Patients
        date: 2020-09-23
       words: 4646
      flesch: 47
     summary: Interestingly, there is a report linking higher anti-N antibody response to severe and fatal outcomes [20] . Nonetheless, these findings clearly indicate that early high anti-N antibodies could be an indicator of disease severity and could be used as a prognostic marker of disease outcomes, however, the implications and underlying mechanisms of such high levels of anti-N antibody responses require further studies.
    keywords: anti; igg; igm; license; patients; preprint
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        item: #1332 of 5187
          id: cord-276147-30buoweg
      author: Avancini, Joao
       title: Absence of specific cutaneous manifestations of SARS-Cov-2 in a reference center in Brazil
        date: 2020-09-15
       words: 278
      flesch: 37
     summary: To the editor: We read with interest the letters from the New York City report regarding the absence of COVID toes lesions on their patients and the recommendation of caution when concluding that cutaneous findings are specifically due to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). key: cord-276147-30buoweg authors: Avancini, Joao; Miyamoto, Denise; Arnone, Marcelo; Villas-Boas Gabbi, Tatiana; Ferreira, Paula Silva; Neta, Cyro Festa; Sanches, Jose Antonio title: Absence of specific cutaneous manifestations of SARS-Cov-2 in a reference center in Brazil date: 2020-09-15 journal: J Am Acad Dermatol DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.09.030 sha: doc_id: 276147 cord_uid: 30buoweg nan Contents of the manuscript have not been previously published and are not currently submitted elsewhere.
    keywords: cov-2
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        item: #1333 of 5187
          id: cord-276209-5999g9gp
      author: Poland, Gregory A.
       title: Tortoises, hares, and vaccines: A cautionary note for SARS-CoV-2 vaccine development
        date: 2020-06-02
       words: 1609
      flesch: 49
     summary: What does history teach us in regard to vaccine development? In vaccine development, we need only look back a handful of decades to recall failed vaccines against measles and RSV that used inactivated virus approaches.
    keywords: risk; studies; vaccine; virus
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        item: #1334 of 5187
          id: cord-276234-2nkeq4ud
      author: Siedlecki, Jakob
       title: COVID-19: Ophthalmological Aspects of the SARS-CoV 2 Global Pandemic
        date: 2020-05-06
       words: 3707
      flesch: 39
     summary: Indeed, ophthalmologists seem to rank among the medical specialties with the highest risk for COVID-19 infection, probably due to close patient contact during examination, e.g., at the slit lamp In a recent survey of ophthalmology practitioners in the UK, 80 % of participants stated that they felt at high risk of COVID-19 transmission
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; disease; eye; ophthalmology; pandemic; patients; recommendations; sars; symptoms; transmission
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        item: #1335 of 5187
          id: cord-276267-77903fld
      author: Al‐Ani, Aysha H.
       title: Review article: prevention, diagnosis and management of COVID‐19 in the IBD patient
        date: 2020-05-26
       words: 5501
      flesch: 30
     summary: The clinical impact of coronavirus infection in patients with hematologic malignancies and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients Risk factors for opportunistic infections in patients with inflammatory bowel disease Clinical assessment of risk factors for infection in inflammatory bowel disease patients Methods to avoid infections in patients with inflammatory bowel disease Increased incidence of systemic serious viral infections in patients with inflammatory bowel disease associates with active disease and use of thiopurines Evidence that vitamin D supplementation could reduce risk of influenza and COVID-19 infections and deaths Letter: Covid-19, and vitamin D Letter: Covid-19 and vitamin D-authors' reply Quantitative proteomic analysis reveals the deregulation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide metabolism and CD38 in inflammatory bowel disease Protection of 318 inflammatory bowel disease patients from the outbreak and rapid spread of COVID-19 infection in Wuhan Secure-IBD Database Public Data Update Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with digestive symptoms in Hubei, China CDC_AA_refVa l=https %3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2F-cor onavi rus%2F201 9-ncov%2Fcli nical -crite ria Sulphasalazine and mesalazine: serious adverse reactions re-evaluated on the basis of suspected adverse reaction reports to the Committee on Safety of Medicines SARS: systematic review of treatment effects Corticosteroid therapy for critically Ill patients with middle east respiratory syndrome The effect of corticosteroids on mortality of patients with influenza pneumonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis Factors associated with psychosis among patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome: a case-control study Effects of early corticosteroid treatment on plasma SARS-associated Coronavirus RNA concentrations in adult patients Glucocorticoid-induced diabetes in severe acute respiratory syndrome: the impact of high dosage and duration of methylprednisolone therapy Relationship between glucocorticoid receptor and deficiency syndrome and the regulation of traditional Chinese medicine Increased risk of influenza and influenza-related complications among 140,480 patients with inflammatory bowel disease Increased risk of pneumonia among patients with inflammatory bowel disease Prevention of infection caused by immunosuppressive drugs in gastroenterology The historical role and contemporary use of corticosteroids in inflammatory bowel disease Budesonide for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease Efficacy and safety of oral beclomethasone dipropionate in ulcerative colitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis Oral prolonged release beclomethasone dipropionate and prednisone in the treatment of active ulcerative colitis: results from a double-blind, randomized, parallel group study Comparative safety of systemic and low-bioavailability steroids in inflammatory bowel disease: Systematic review and network meta-analysis Risk of serious and opportunistic infections associated with treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases Incidence of benign upper respiratory tract infections, HSV and HPV cutaneous infections in inflammatory bowel disease patients treated with azathioprine Thiopurine analogs and mycophenolic acid synergistically inhibit the papain-like protease of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Risk of infection with methotrexate therapy in inflammatory diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis Methotrexate use and risk of lung disease in psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease: systematic literature review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials Serious infection and mortality in patients with Crohn's disease: more than 5 years of follow-up in the TREAT registry Risk for overall infection with anti-TNF and anti-integrin agents used in IBD: a systematic review and meta-analysis Comparative risk of serious infections with biologic and/or immunosuppressive therapy in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis Anti-TNF-alpha therapy for patients with sepsis: a systematic meta-analysis Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus as an agent of emerging and reemerging infection Ustekinumab as induction and maintenance therapy for Crohn's disease Risk of serious infection with biologic and systemic treatment of psoriasis: results from the psoriasis longitudinal assessment and registry IM-UNITI: three-year efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of ustekinumab treatment of Crohn's disease Systematic review: the safety of vedolizumab for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease Safety profile of biologic drugs in the therapy of Crohn disease: a systematic review and network meta-analysis Safety profile of biologic drugs in the therapy of ulcerative colitis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis The safety of vedolizumab for ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease Differential expression of adhesion molecules and chemokines between nasal and small intestinal mucosae: implications for T-and sIgA+ B-lymphocyte recruitment Switch to adalimumab in patients with Crohn's disease controlled by maintenance infliximab: prospective randomised SWITCH trial Herpes zoster infection in patients with ulcerative colitis receiving tofacitinib Safety and efficacy of tofacitinib for up to 9.5 years in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: final results of a global, open-label, long-term extension study Tofacitinib as induction and maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis Growing evidence of the safety of JAK inhibitors in patients with rheumatoid arthritis Real-world experience with tofacitinib in IBD at a Tertiary Center COVID-19: combining antiviral and anti-inflammatory treatments Guidance for discharge and ending isolation in the context of widespread community transmission of COVID-19 -first update Infection-related hospitalizations are associated with increased mortality in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases Nonpharmaceutical measures for pandemic influenza in nonhealthcare settings-social distancing measures Effectiveness of workplace social distancing measures in reducing influenza transmission: a systematic review Virtually perfect? In China healthcare workers made up 3.5% of COVID-19 patients and Italy have reported that 20% of its responding healthcare work force is being infected.
    keywords: bowel; clinical; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; ibd; infection; patients; review; risk; sars; transmission; treatment
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        item: #1336 of 5187
          id: cord-276316-7ot9ds34
      author: Lei, Chunliang
       title: Factors associated with clinical outcomes in patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Guangzhou, China
        date: 2020-10-14
       words: 2381
      flesch: 50
     summary: CONCLUSIONS: Most of COVID-19 patients in Guangzhou are mild/moderate, and presence of extrapulmonary virus and higher CD4/CD8 ratio are associated with higher risk of worse outcomes. 7 One of the main challenges for the clinicians is how to quickly identify COVID-19 patients at high risk for worse outcomes.
    keywords: cells; covid-19; patients
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        item: #1337 of 5187
          id: cord-276327-wyevh4xv
      author: Sheng, Calvin C
       title: Canakinumab to reduce deterioration of cardiac and respiratory function in SARS‐CoV‐2 associated myocardial injury with heightened inflammation (canakinumab in Covid‐19 cardiac injury: The three C study)
        date: 2020-08-24
       words: 3243
      flesch: 27
     summary: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): situation report Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72 314 cases from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Case-fatality rate and characteristics of patients dying in relation to COVID-19 in Italy Clinical characteristics of Covid-19 in New York city Clinical, laboratory and imaging features of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis Hydroxychloroquine in patients with COVID-19: an open-label, randomized, controlled trial A trial of lopinavir-ritonavir in adults hospitalized with severe Covid-19 Compassionate use of remdesivir for patients with severe Covid-19 Remdesivir for the treatment of Covid-19 -preliminary report Effect of convalescent plasma therapy on time to clinical improvement in patients with severe and lifethreatening COVID-19: a randomized clinical trial Dexamethasone in hospitalized patients with Covid-19 -preliminary report COVID-19 and the cardiovascular system Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Community-Acquired Pneumonia-China Network. Association between cardiac injury and mortality in hospitalized patients infected with avian influenza a (H7N9) virus Clinical predictors of mortality due to COVID-19 based on an analysis of data of 150 patients from Wuhan China Clinical characteristics of 113 deceased patients with coronavirus disease 2019: retrospective study Association of cardiac injury with mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China Prognostic value of NT-proBNP in patients with severe COVID-19 Cardiovascular implications of fatal outcomes of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) COVID-19: consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression.
    keywords: canakinumab; cardiac; clinical; covid-19; inflammation; injury; patients; study; trial
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        item: #1338 of 5187
          id: cord-276335-e1xlwcvc
      author: Poh, W.P.
       title: Characterization of cytotoxic T‐lymphocyte epitopes and immune responses to SARS coronavirus spike DNA vaccine expressing the RGD‐integrin‐binding motif
        date: 2009-05-27
       words: 6081
      flesch: 46
     summary: key: cord-276335-e1xlwcvc authors: Poh, W.P.; Narasaraju, T.; Pereira, N.A.; Zhong, F.; Phoon, M.C.; Macary, P.A.; Wong, S.H.; Lu, J.; Koh, D.R.; Chow, Vincent T.K. title: Characterization of cytotoxic T‐lymphocyte epitopes and immune responses to SARS coronavirus spike DNA vaccine expressing the RGD‐integrin‐binding motif date: 2009-05-27 journal: J Med Virol DOI: 10.1002/jmv.21571 sha: doc_id: 276335 cord_uid: e1xlwcvc Integrins are critical for initiating T‐cell activation events. Hence, the S2 subunit is complementary to the S1 domain, which has been demonstrated to be crucial for the development of immunogenic vaccines against SARS-CoV. Amino acids 270 to 510 of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein are required for interaction with receptor The JHM strain of mouse hepatitis virus induces a spike protein-specific Db-restricted cytotoxic T cell response Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein expressed by attenuated vaccinia virus protectively immunizes mice Contributions of the structural proteins of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus to protective immunity CD8þ T-cell epitopes within the surface glycoprotein of a neurotropic coronavirus and correlation with pathogenicity Response of memory CD8þ T cells to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus in recovered SARS patients and healthy individuals Recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara expressing the spike glycoprotein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus induces protective neutralizing antibodies primarily targeting the receptor binding region Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus induces differential host gene expression responses associated with pathogenesis DNA-based immunization induces continuous secretion of hepatitis B surface antigen and high levels of circulating antibody The secret life of ACE2 as a receptor for the SARS virus DNA vaccines: Protective immunizations by parenteral, mucosal, and gene-gun inoculations An RGD-oligolysine peptide: A prototype construct for integrin-mediated gene delivery Receptor-binding domain of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein contains multiple conformation-dependent epitopes that induce highly potent neutralizing antibodies Immunization with SARS-CoV S DNA vaccine generates memory CD4þ and CD8þ T cell immune responses SARS-CoV spike protein-expressing recombinant vaccinia virus efficiently induces neutralizing antibodies in rabbits preimmunized with vaccinia virus Immune responses to plasmid DNA encoding the hepatitis C virus core protein Microarray and real-time RT-PCR analyses of differential human gene expression patterns induced by severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus infection of Vero cells The SARS coronavirus spike glycoprotein is selectively recognized by lung surfactant protein D and activates macrophages Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus Laminin-10 is crucial for hair morphogenesis DNA vaccines: Recent developments and future possibilities Immunological characterization of the spike protein of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Laminins and human disease Immunological capabilities of skeletal muscle cells Sequence analysis reveals extensive polymorphism and evidence of deletions within the E2 glycoprotein gene of several strains of murine hepatitis virus A model of the ACE2 structure and function as a SARS-CoV receptor Integrins and T cell-mediated immunity RGD and other recognition sequences for integrins Targeted recombination demonstrates that the spike gene of transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus is a determinant of its enteric tropism and virulence Rapid response research-SARS coronavirus vaccines and application of processes to other emerging infectious diseases The nucleocapsid protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus inhibits the activity of cyclin-cyclin-dependent kinase complex and blocks S phase progression in mammalian cells Immunological properties of the thymopentin-like fragments of HLA-DQ Characterization of viral proteins encoded by the SARS-coronavirus genome Human monoclonal antibody combination against SARS coronavirus: Synergy and coverage of escape mutants HLA-A*0201 T-cell epitopes in severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus nucleocapsid and spike proteins Gene inoculation generates immune responses against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Identification of an HLA-A*0201-restricted CD8þ T-cell epitope Ssp-1 of SARS-CoV spike protein Identification of two neutralizing regions on the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike glycoprotein produced from the mammalian expression system A 193-amino acid fragment of the SARS coronavirus S protein efficiently binds angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 Vaccination with a plasmid vector carrying the rabies virus glycoprotein gene induces protective immunity against rabies virus A DNA vaccine induces SARS coronavirus neutralization and protective immunity in mice Identification of murine CD8 T cell epitopes in codon-optimized SARS-associated coronavirus spike protein High expression level of soluble SARS spike protein mediated by adenovirus in HEK293 cells An exposed domain in the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein induces neutralizing antibodies We are grateful to Dr. Y.H. Chan for statistical analyses, N.P. Ramachandran, and Kelly Lau for technical assistance.
    keywords: cells; cov; dna; epitopes; mice; peptide; protein; responses; rgd; rma; sars; spike
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        item: #1339 of 5187
          id: cord-276345-xsjh3766
      author: Arshad, Yasir
       title: Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in ophthalmic secretions in Pakistan: A preliminary report
        date: 2020-08-25
       words: 669
      flesch: 53
     summary: World Health Organization Declares COVID-19 a 'Pandemic COVID-19 CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC COVID-19: Limiting the risks for eye care professionals Emerging threats from zoonotic coronaviruses-from SARS and MERS to 2019-nCoV The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in tears SARS-CoV-2 in the ocular surface of COVID-19 patients. All 35 oropharyngeal swab samples were detected positive for SARS CoV-2, however out of total 35 conjunctival swab samples, 3(8.5%) were detected positive by using real-time RT-PCR.
    keywords: cov-2; sars
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        item: #1340 of 5187
          id: cord-276350-lcl9jn35
      author: Acharya, Dhiraj
       title: Dysregulation of type I interferon responses in COVID-19
        date: 2020-05-26
       words: 1610
      flesch: 31
     summary: Future studies should explore how IFN dysregulation during COVID-19 might shape T cell responses and, given that CD4 + T cell activation is crucial for the development of B cell immunity, how this may in turn affect antibody responses. While patients with severe COVID-19 showed profound depletion and functional exhaustion of NK cells 8 , it is unclear whether this NK cell dysfunction is due to dysregulation of IFN responses.
    keywords: cells; covid-19; ifn; sars
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        item: #1341 of 5187
          id: cord-276358-so390gp4
      author: Nieto-Torres, Jose L.
       title: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus E protein transports calcium ions and activates the NLRP3 inflammasome
        date: 2015-11-30
       words: 7188
      flesch: 37
     summary: A virus lacking M2 protein as a live attenuated vaccine Recombinant respiratory syncytial virus bearing a deletion of either the NS2 or SH gene is attenuated in chimpanzees Hexamethylene amiloride blocks E protein ion channels and inhibits coronavirus replication SARS coronavirus E protein forms cationselective ion channels A 193-amino acid fragment of the SARS coronavirus S protein efficiently binds angiotensinconverting enzyme 2 Intracellular proton conductance of the hepatitis C virus p7 protein and its contribution to infectious virus production Participation of c-FLIP in NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasome activation Molecular physiology of the SERCA and SPCA pumps Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus group-specific open reading frames encode nonessential functions for replication in cell cultures and mice Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia Viral calciomics: interplays between Ca 2 þ and virus The work done by the authors was supported by Grants from the Government of Spain (BIO2013-42869-R, FIS2013-40473-P), Generalitat Valenciana (Prometeo 2012/069), Fundació Caixa Castelló-Bancaixa (P1-1B2012-03) and a U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) project (5P01 AI060699). Therefore, E protein channel is equally selective for Cl À and Ca 2 þ in neutral membranes.
    keywords: channel; coronavirus; cov; e protein; et al; golgi; il-1β; inflammasome; ion; membranes; protein; sars
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        item: #1342 of 5187
          id: cord-276361-77cylm1o
      author: Yamamoto, Norio
       title: HIV protease inhibitor nelfinavir inhibits replication of SARS-associated coronavirus
        date: 2004-06-04
       words: 2277
      flesch: 51
     summary: A major outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong National Microbiology Laboratory, T. Canadian Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Study, Identification of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Canada A cluster of cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Epidemiological determinants of spread of causal agent of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Aetiology: Koch's postulates fulfilled for SARS virus Effects of a SARS-associated coronavirus vaccine in monkeys Development of a standard treatment protocol for severe acute respiratory syndrome Clinical presentations and outcome of severe acute respiratory syndrome in children Antiviral treatment of SARS: can we draw any conclusions? Clinical features and short-term outcomes of 144 patients with SARS in the greater Toronto area Treatment of SARS with human interferons Interferon alfacon-1 plus corticosteroids in severe acute respiratory syndrome: a preliminary study Pegylated interferon-alpha protects type 1 pneumocytes against SARS coronavirus infection in macaques Glycyrrhizin, an active component of liquorice roots, and replication of SARS-associated coronavirus Mechanisms and enzymes involved in SARS coronavirus genome expression Characterization of a novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Protease inhibitors: a therapeutic breakthrough for the treatment of patients with human immunodeficiency virus Virological and immunological responses to HAART in asymptomatic therapy-naive HIV-1-infected subjects according to CD4 cell count A randomized trial comparing initial HAART regimens of nelfinavir/nevirapine and ritonavir/saquinavir in combination with two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors Prospective comparison of first-line nelfinavir therapy versus nelfinavir introduction in rescue antiretroviral regimens Long-term kinetics of T cell production in HIV-infected subjects treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy Viracept (nelfinavir mesylate, AG1343): a potent, orally bioavailable inhibitor of HIV-1 protease This work was supported by grants from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture and the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare of Japan. Several groups, including the authors, isolated a novel coronavirus from SARS patients [2, 6, 7] .
    keywords: cells; cov; infection; nelfinavir; replication; sars
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        item: #1343 of 5187
          id: cord-276394-s9y11oep
      author: Liang, W.
       title: Hindsight: A re-analysis of the severe acute respiratory syndrome outbreak in Beijing
        date: 2007-10-31
       words: 2971
      flesch: 46
     summary: 3 Not surprisingly, the densely populated mainland of the People's Republic of China sustained the largest burden of SARS cases, an estimated 5327 cases, followed by China's Hong Kong-SAR, with 1755 confirmed cases. When the attack rates were examined by three age groupings (young, 0-19 years; younger adult, 20-49 years; older, 50280þ), adults and elderly people constituted higher rates of SARS cases (6.1, 24.0 and 17.5, respectively) (Po0.00001).
    keywords: analysis; cases; contact; epidemic; phase; sars
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        item: #1344 of 5187
          id: cord-276402-ymxvtyll
      author: Wei, Jia
       title: SARS-CoV-2 infection in immunocompromised patients: humoral versus cell-mediated immunity
        date: 2020-07-29
       words: 3523
      flesch: 44
     summary: However, COVID-19 patients with underlying hematological malignancies, receiving chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, were not yet reported. Our findings may contribute to additional information on COVID-19 patients in different immunocompromised states.
    keywords: car; cell; cov-2; covid-19; patient; pneumonia; sars; therapy
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        item: #1345 of 5187
          id: cord-276403-yomjm2gg
      author: Woo, Patrick CY
       title: Infectious diseases emerging from Chinese wet-markets: zoonotic origins of severe respiratory viral infections
        date: 2006-10-30
       words: 3642
      flesch: 42
     summary: Although the molecular basis of the transmissibility of avian influenza viruses to mammals and humans is not completely understood, the increasing virulence of H5N1 influenza virus strains isolated in ducks in southern China is of great concern. Since 1998, no live ducks and geese have been allowed in retail markets in Hong Kong, as they are natural carriers of avian influenza viruses.
    keywords: animals; avian; cov; human; influenza; markets; sars; viruses
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        item: #1346 of 5187
          id: cord-276414-kicu0tv5
      author: Bahadur Gurung, Arun
       title: In silico screening of FDA approved drugs reveals ergotamine and dihydroergotamine as potential coronavirus main protease enzyme inhibitors
        date: 2020-06-10
       words: 2429
      flesch: 45
     summary: key: cord-276414-kicu0tv5 authors: Bahadur Gurung, Arun; Ajmal Ali, Mohammad; Lee, Joongku; Abul Farah, Mohammad; Mashay Al-Anazi, Khalid title: In silico screening of FDA approved drugs reveals ergotamine and dihydroergotamine as potential coronavirus main protease enzyme inhibitors date: 2020-06-10 journal: In the present study, we have explored the possibilities of FDA approved drugs as potential inhibitors of the coronavirus main protease, a therapeutically important drug target playing a salient role in the maturation and processing of the viral polyproteins and are vital for viral replication and transcription.
    keywords: coronavirus; drugs; kcal; mol; sars
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        item: #1347 of 5187
          id: cord-276481-os1nf3cs
      author: Ishizaki, Tatsuro
       title: Estimation of the impact of providing outpatients with information about SARS infection control on their intention of outpatient visit
        date: 2004-09-30
       words: 4943
      flesch: 33
     summary: There were two questions asking about perceived knowledge about the likelihood of SARS infection by direct infection or indirect infection: Do you suppose that SARS is likely to be transmitted by exposure of respiratory secretions from SARS patients? and Do you suppose that SARS is likely to be transmitted by surface contamination by touching a handrail? Based on this model, we hypothesized that, if non-SARS outpatients consider that they are less likely to catch SARS infection in a hospital where a SARS patient stays because of completeness of SARS infection control in the hospital, patients are likely to continue to visit the hospital.
    keywords: hospital; information; outpatient; sars; sars infection; sars patient
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        item: #1348 of 5187
          id: cord-276487-8vkrh70j
      author: Kang, Sisi
       title: Crystal structure of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein RNA binding domain reveals potential unique drug targeting sites
        date: 2020-04-20
       words: 4094
      flesch: 40
     summary: World Health Organization COVID-2019 situation reports Coronavirus genome structure and replication Origin and evolution of pathogenic coronaviruses The origin, transmission and clinical therapies on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak-an update on the status Recent development of 3C and 3CL protease inhibitors for anti-coronavirus and anti-picornavirus drug discovery Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation High affinity interaction between nucleocapsid protein and leader/intergenic sequence of mouse hepatitis virus RNA Specific interaction between coronavirus leader RNA and nucleocapsid protein Nucleocapsid protein recruitment to replication-transcription complexes plays a crucial role in coronaviral life cycle Background paper: functions of the coronavirus nucleocapsid protein The coronavirus nucleocapsid is a multifunctional protein Biochemical and immunological studies of nucleocapsid proteins of severe acute respiratory syndrome and 229E human coronaviruses Priming with rAAV encoding RBD of SARS-CoV S protein and boosting with RBD-specific peptides for T cell epitopes elevated humoral and cellular immune responses against SARS-CoV infection The nucleocapsid protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus inhibits the activity of cyclin-cyclin-dependent kinase complex and blocks S phase progression in mammalian cells Assembly of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus RNA packaging signal into virus-like particles is nucleocapsid dependent Preliminary identification of potential vaccine targets for the COVID-19 coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) based on SARS-CoV immunological studies Immunological characterizations of the nucleocapsid protein based SARS vaccine candidates Characterization and application of monoclonal antibodies against N protein of SARS-coronavirus Identification of an epitope of SARS-coronavirus nucleocapsid protein Oligomerization of the carboxyl terminal domain of the human coronavirus 229E nucleocapsid protein Crystal structure-based exploration of the important role of Arg106 in the RNA-binding domain of human coronavirus OC43 nucleocapsid protein Transient oligomerization of the SARS-CoV N protein-implication for virus ribonucleoprotein packaging Modular organization of SARS coronavirus nucleocapsid protein Phosphorylation of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus nucleocapsid protein Ribonucleocapsid formation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus through molecular action of the N-terminal domain of N protein X-ray structures of the N-and C-terminal domains of a coronavirus nucleocapsid protein: implications for nucleocapsid formation The nucleocapsid protein of coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus: crystal structure of its N-terminal domain and multimerization properties Coronavirus N protein N-terminal domain (NTD) specifically binds the transcriptional regulatory sequence (TRS) and melts TRS-cTRS The common domain architectures of coronavirus N protein consists of three distinct but highly conserved parts: an N-terminal RNA-binding domain (NTD), a C-terminal dimerization domain (CTD), and an intrinsically disordered central Ser/Arg (SR)-rich linker.
    keywords: binding; coronavirus; cov-2; fig; ntd; nucleocapsid; protein; rna; sars; structure
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        item: #1349 of 5187
          id: cord-276493-hoaxv5e0
      author: Jeong, Gi Uk
       title: Therapeutic Strategies Against COVID-19 and Structural Characterization of SARS-CoV-2: A Review
        date: 2020-07-14
       words: 5702
      flesch: 43
     summary: (Dai et al., 2020; Jin et al., 2020; Zhang et al., 2020b) . (Dai et al., 2020; Jin et al., 2020; Zhang et al., 2020b) .
    keywords: binding; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; et al; hace2; pro; protein; rbd; rna; sars; structure
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        item: #1350 of 5187
          id: cord-276548-bh3w7oas
      author: Ramkumar, K.
       title: Elevated AXL expression following SARS-CoV-2 infection in non-small cell lung cancer
        date: 2020-09-30
       words: 1118
      flesch: 39
     summary: Additionally, we determined the effect of EMT induction, ZEB1 modulation, and SARS-CoV-2 infection on ACE2 expression. The miR-200 family e zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) pathway, which is an established regulator of EMT, also directly regulates ACE2 expression, likely via putative ZEB1 repressor sites located in the ACE2 promoter.
    keywords: ace2; cancer; research; sars
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        item: #1351 of 5187
          id: cord-276619-6ndkz1da
      author: Perrone, Serafina
       title: Lack of viral transmission to preterm newborn from a COVID‐19 positive breastfeeding mother at 11 days postpartum
        date: 2020-06-02
       words: 914
      flesch: 51
     summary: The use of expressed breast milk for is a valid strategy to continue breastfeeding in security. Taking into account her provenience from a high-risk area, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay for SARS-CoV-2 acid nucleic on mother nasopharyngeal swab was performed, resulting in positive (Department of Medicine and Surgery, Hygiene and Public Health Laboratory, University of Parma).
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; milk; mother
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        item: #1352 of 5187
          id: cord-276630-qci7khki
      author: Lima, William Gustavo
       title: The potential of drug repositioning as a short-term strategy for the control and treatment of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2): a systematic review
        date: 2020-06-08
       words: 3740
      flesch: 46
     summary: Abidol and darunavir can effectively inhibit coronavirus Going global-Travel and the 2019 novel coronavirus Lopinavir/ritonavir: a review of its use in the management of HIV infection Screening of an FDA-approved compound library identifies four smallmolecule inhibitors of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus replication in cell culture Treatment With Lopinavir/Ritonavir or Interferon-β1b improves outcome of MERS-CoV infection in a nonhuman primate model of common marmoset Arbidol: a broad-spectrum antiviral compound that blocks viral fusion Arbidol as a broadspectrum antiviral: An update Antiviral activity of arbidol and its derivatives against the pathogen of severe acute respiratory syndrome in the cell cultures Therapeutic strategies to target the Ebola virus life cycle Coronavirus susceptibility to the antiviral remdesivir (GS-5734) is mediated by the viral polymerase and the proofreading exoribonuclease Mechanisms of action of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine: implications for rheumatology In vitro inhibition of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus by chloroquine Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread Publisher's Note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations The promising in vitro results of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine have motivated the initiation of clinical studies of these substances ( Table 4) .
    keywords: activity; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; drugs; lopinavir; sars; studies
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        item: #1353 of 5187
          id: cord-276758-k2imddzr
      author: Siegel, Jane D.
       title: 2007 Guideline for Isolation Precautions: Preventing Transmission of Infectious Agents in Health Care Settings
        date: 2007-12-07
       words: 46244
      flesch: 27
     summary: Infection transmission risks are present in all hospital settings. 480, 481 Opportunites exist to conduct research in home care related to infection transmission risks.
    keywords: acute; agents; air; aureus; blood; care facilities; care settings; care unit; care workers; contact; contact precautions; contamination; control practices; disease; environmental; epidemiology; equipment; exposure; facility; factors; gloves; hand; hcws; health care; home care; hospital; hygiene; infection control; infection transmission; infections; influenza; isolation; measures; methicillin; nursing; outbreak; pathogens; patient care; patient transmission; patients; person; person transmission; practices; precautions; prevention; procedures; protection; recommendations; risk; room; safety; sars; standard; staphylococcus; studies; study; surveillance; term care; transmission; tuberculosis; use; vancomycin; virus
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        item: #1354 of 5187
          id: cord-276769-th7iou21
      author: Khan, Suliman
       title: Coronaviruses disease 2019 (COVID-19): causative agent, mental health concerns, and potential management options
        date: 2020-07-25
       words: 3381
      flesch: 40
     summary: In this paper, we discuss the transmission, health consequences, and potential management (therapeutic and preventive) options for COVID-19 disease. In this article, we briefly describe the consequences of highly infectous human corona viruses, and elaborate the transmission and health consequences (both physical and mental health) of COVID-19 disease.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; health; sars; transmission
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        item: #1355 of 5187
          id: cord-276784-8lmg97zc
      author: Boziki, Marina Kleopatra
       title: COVID-19 Immunopathology and the Central Nervous System: Implication for Multiple Sclerosis and Other Autoimmune Diseases with Associated Demyelination
        date: 2020-06-04
       words: 4784
      flesch: 24
     summary: Tocilizumab as a Potential Therapy Against COVID-19 Tocilizumab for the management of immune mediated adverse events secondary to PD-1 blockade Multiple sclerosis and the risk of infection: Considerations in the threat of the novel coronavirus, COVID-19/SARS-CoV-2 Neuroinvasion by human respiratory coronaviruses Epidemiologic evidence for multiple sclerosis as an infection An Italian programme for COVID-19 infection in multiple sclerosis Viruses and endogenous retroviruses in multiple sclerosis: Although most of COVID-19 patients exhibit normal leukocyte count, leucopenia
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; immune; infection; patients; potential; sars; system
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        item: #1356 of 5187
          id: cord-276797-86hc3lbi
      author: Jamieson, Denise J.
       title: Emerging infectious disease outbreaks: Old lessons and new challenges for obstetrician-gynecologists
        date: 2006-06-30
       words: 7274
      flesch: 44
     summary: The outbreak of West Nile virus infection in the New York City area in 1999 West Nile virus encephalitis in America West Nile virus West Nile virus: Where are we now? Possible West Nile virus transmission to an infant through breast-feeding: Michigan Intrauterine West Nile virus: ocular and systemic findings West Nile virus meningoencephalitis during pregnancy West Nile virus encephalitis during pregnancy West Nile virus infection: a pediatric perspective West Nile virus infection transmitted by blood transfusion Transmission of West Nile virus from an organ donor to four transplant recipients Interim guidelines for the evaluation of infants born to mothers infected with West Nile virus during pregnancy DEET: a review and update of safety and risk in the general population DEET-based insect repellents: safety implications for children and pregnant and lactating women Safety of the insect repellent N,N-diethyl-Mtoluamide (DEET) in pregnancy Index case of fatal inhalational anthrax due to bioterrorism in the United States Death due to bioterrorism-related inhalational anthrax: report of 2 patients Bioterrorism on the home front: a new challenge for American medicine Clinical presentation of inhalational anthrax following bioterrorism exposure: report of 2 surviving patients Anthrax as a biological weapon, 2002: updated recommendations for management Investigation of bioterrorism-related anthrax, United States, 2001: epidemiologic findings Update: Investigation of bioterrorism-related anthrax and adverse events from antimicrobial prophylaxis anthrax crisis in Washington DC: pharmacists' role in screening patients and selecting prophylaxis Anthrax as a biological weapon: medical and public health management: working group on civilian biodefense Update: Investigation of bioterrorism-related anthrax and interim guidelines for exposure management and antimicrobial therapy Anthrax during pregnancy: case reports and review Anthrax peritonitis Case records of the Pahlavi hospitals Updated recommendations for antimicrobial prophylaxis among asymptomatic pregnant women after exposure to Bacillus anthracis management of asymptomatic pregnant or lactating women exposed to anthrax Fluoroquinolone toxicity profiles: a review focusing on newer agents Teratogenic effect of drugs: a resource for clinicians TERIS Safety of the new quinolones in pregnancy Updated recommendations for antimicrobial prophylaxis among asymptomatic pregnant women after exposure to Bacillus anthracis Relationship between prepregnancy anthrax vaccination and pregnancy and birth outcomes among US Army women Status of US Department of Defense preliminary evaluation of the association of anthrax vaccination and congenital anomalies Epidemiologic clues to bioterrorism Ideally, SARS patients should be placed in private rooms, which maintain the negative pressure, and the number of healthcare workers who care for the patient and the number of visitors should be limited.
    keywords: anthrax; cases; disease; infection; nile; nile virus; patients; pregnancy; sars; syndrome; virus; west; west nile; women
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        item: #1357 of 5187
          id: cord-276820-l7bd5y8y
      author: So, Winnie K.W.
       title: The knowledge level and precautionary measures taken by older adults during the SARS outbreak in Hong Kong
        date: 2004-11-30
       words: 4510
      flesch: 51
     summary: The perceptions of older adults in one district in Hong Kong about SARS transmission routes, the likelihood of contracting and the precautionary measures taken to prevent transmission of SARS were explored. It has infected over 8000 people and caused more than 900 deaths (Hong Kong SARS Expert Committee (HKSARSEC), 2003) .
    keywords: adults; health; hong; kong; measures; participants; sars; transmission
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        item: #1358 of 5187
          id: cord-276857-i948aq4b
      author: Chung, Grace TY
       title: A simple and rapid approach for screening of SARS-coronavirus genotypes: an evaluation study
        date: 2005-10-18
       words: 2335
      flesch: 44
     summary: Koch's postulates fulfilled for SARS virus Genotype of SARS-CoV culture isolates from 30 patients determined by Taqman Allelic Discrimination assays Petric M, Skowronski DM Characterization of a novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Quantitative analysis and prognostic implication of SARS coronavirus RNA in the plasma and serum of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Rapid and sensitive detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus by rolling circle amplification Early diagnosis of SARS coronavirus infection by real time RT-PCR Genomic sequencing of a SARS coronavirus isolate that predated the Metropole Hotel case cluster in Hong Kong Molecular evolution of the SARS coronavirus during the course of the SARS epidemic in China Tracing SARS-coronavirus variant with large genomic deletion Molecular epidemiology of the novel coronavirus that causes severe acute respiratory syndrome Molecular epidemiology of SARS--from Amoy Gardens to Taiwan Comparative full-length genome sequence analysis of 14 SARS coronavirus isolates and common mutations associated with putative origins of infection Coronavirus genomic-sequence variations and the epidemiology of the severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS Transmission Pattern in Singapore Reassessed by Viral Sequence Variation Analysis Common BRCA2 variants and modification of breast and ovarian cancer risk in BRCA1 mutation carriers A biologically important single nucleotide polymorphism within the toll-like receptor-4 gene is not associated with rheumatoid arthritis Real-time PCR for simultaneous detection and genotyping of bovine viral diarrhea virus Detection and genotyping of varicella-zoster virus by Taq-Man allelic discrimination real-time PCR Detection and typing of Herpes Simplex virus (HSV) in mucocutaneous samples by TaqMan PCR targeting a gB segment homologous for HSV types 1 and 2 A recent study illustrated the use of mass spectrometry-based technology in characterizing SARS sequence variations [14] .
    keywords: allelic; cov; discrimination; sars; t c; t g; t t
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        item: #1359 of 5187
          id: cord-276870-gxtvlji7
      author: Bobrowski, Tesia
       title: Learning from history: do not flatten the curve of antiviral research!
        date: 2020-07-15
       words: 5092
      flesch: 43
     summary: Additionally, modern computational techniques, such as quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) modeling, molecular docking, and machine-learning approaches are being used now in COVID-19 drug discovery efforts [17, 40, 41] . HIVGov 30 AIDSinfo (2018) FDA-Approved HIV Medicines The application of structural optimization strategies in drug design of HIV NNRTIs EASY-HIT: HIV full-replication technology for broad discovery of multiple classes of HIV inhibitors Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Bromhexine Hydrochloride Tablets Combined With Standard Treatment/ Standard Treatment in Patients With Suspected and Mild Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (COVID-19) COVID-19 Ring-based Prevention Trial With Lopinavir/Ritonavir Pre-exposure Prophylaxis for SARS-Coronavirus-2 HIV epidemiology and the effects of antiviral therapy on longterm consequences Viral evolution and the emergence of SARS coronavirus Immunity Passports' in the Context of COVID-19 Structure of Mpro from COVID-19 virus and discovery of its inhibitors Artificial intelligence and machine learning to fight COVID-19 Mapping the landscape of artificial intelligence applications against Improving Health and Reducing Poverty Trump disbanded NSC pandemic unit that experts had praised CDC to cut by 80 percent efforts to prevent global disease outbreak Tecovirimat for the Treatment of Smallpox Disease Antimicrobial Division Advisory Committee Meeting.
    keywords: covid-19; data; epidemics; hiv; number; publications; research; response; sars; time
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        item: #1360 of 5187
          id: cord-276874-9rjbmsvb
      author: Ng, M.L.
       title: Topographic Changes in SARS Coronavirus–infected Cells at Late Stages of Infection
        date: 2004-11-17
       words: 3173
      flesch: 44
     summary: Other reports have described double-membrane vesicles as sites of replication for coronavirus (Linder strain) (13), mouse hepatitis virus (14) , and SARS virus (15) . Online Figure 3D (available at http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/EID/vol10no11/04-0195-G3.htm) shows virus particles were also exported out from the surface of the pseudopodia (arrows).
    keywords: cells; electron; force; infection; microscopy; particles; sars; virus
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        item: #1361 of 5187
          id: cord-276895-p85obwp2
      author: Carriazo, Sol
       title: Kidney disease and electrolytes in COVID-19: more than meets the eye
        date: 2020-07-16
       words: 3643
      flesch: 38
     summary: Hospitals were overwhelmed by COVID-19 patients and healthcare personnel were not provided with appropriate protective equipment, becoming one of the hardest hit communities ( Figure 3 ). Hyponatraemia is common in COVID-19 patients and the cause appears to be outside the kidneys, as occurrence of the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) has been well characterized by Ravioli et al.
    keywords: acute; aki; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; injury; kidney; patients; syndrome
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        item: #1362 of 5187
          id: cord-276908-9jthjf24
      author: Gupta, Akanksha
       title: COVID‐19: Emergence of Infectious Diseases, Nanotechnology Aspects, Challenges, and Future Perspectives
        date: 2020-07-06
       words: 5182
      flesch: 52
     summary: [92] Au NPs based materials are well known for the detection of various viruses such as dengue virus, influenza virus, bovine viral diarrhea coronavirus, etc. The viral infection encountered with present‐day challenges and futuristic approaches with the help of nanotechnology to minimize the spread of infectious viruses.
    keywords: antiviral; coronavirus; covid-19; covs; disease; drugs; hcov; host; human; infection; protein; rna; sars; virus; viruses
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        item: #1363 of 5187
          id: cord-276957-pk33dl8q
      author: Hu, Xuejiao
       title: Development and Clinical Application of a Rapid and Sensitive Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Test for SARS-CoV-2 Infection
        date: 2020-08-26
       words: 5659
      flesch: 39
     summary: RT-LAMP primers for COVID-19 were specific and had a 9.14% to 37.56% nucleotide mismatching with SARS, MERS, and other coronavirus sequences (see Table S2 ). Application of RT-LAMP for SARS-CoV-2 (ii) Cohort II.
    keywords: assay; cov-2; covid-19; detection; lamp; lamp assay; patients; qpcr; results; samples; sars
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        item: #1364 of 5187
          id: cord-276969-mdry8qzv
      author: Chirumbolo, Salvatore
       title: Might the many positive COVID19 subjects in Italy have been caused by resident bat‐derived zoonotic β‐coronaviruses instead of the Wuhan (China) outbreak?
        date: 2020-03-27
       words: 868
      flesch: 33
     summary: Preparing for the next disease outbreak, workshop summary Composition and divergence of coronavirus spike proteins and host ACE2 receptors predict potential intermediate hosts of SARS-CoV-2 Evolutionary history, potential intermediate animal host, and cross-species analyses of SARS-CoV-2 Chinese Migration to Europe: Prato, Italy and Beyond Coronavirus and paramyxovirus in bats from Northwest Italy Detection of a virus related to betacoronaviruses in Italian greater horseshoe bats Detection of coronaviruses in bats of various species in Italy Detection and full genome characterization of two beta CoV viruses related to Middle East respiratory syndrome from bats in Italy Adaptive evolution of the spike gene of SARS coronavirus: changes in positively selected sites in different epidemic groups 2019-novel Coronavirus severe adult respiratory distress syndrome in two cases in Italy: an uncommon radiological presentation Possible SARS coronavirus transmission during cardiopulmonary resuscitation In this respect, authorities should inform the social collectivity about the correct patients' stratification, how many hospitalized because of COVID19 and how many deaths because of COVID19. SARS-CoV2 genome shares about 70% similarity with SARS coronavirus 5 but probably, its completely new emergence via the mechanism of jumping species, is not a novelty in the biology of human Beta-coronaviridae.
    keywords: coronavirus; italy; sars
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        item: #1365 of 5187
          id: cord-276980-k8xi2zvh
      author: Koh, David
       title: Occupational Health Response to SARS
        date: 2005-01-17
       words: 1121
      flesch: 40
     summary: To the Editor: Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), an occupational disease risk for healthcare workers, warrants an occupational health response, as clearly described by Esswein et al. In Singapore, 2 taxi drivers were infected after ferrying SARS patients to healthcare facilities, and 1 Singapore Airlines cabin attendant came down with the infection after a flight with infected passengers on board.
    keywords: health; patients; sars; specimens
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        item: #1366 of 5187
          id: cord-276991-gv1k7u7j
      author: Zhang, Xu
       title: Strategies to trace back the origin of COVID-19
        date: 2020-04-08
       words: 747
      flesch: 46
     summary: Detection and profiling of antibodies against the novel coronavirus, in the sera of human individuals before December 2019, present in Wuhan hospital (the sera kept in the hospital during physical examination or medical treatment, especially fever clinic), might confer scopes to determine as when the event of viral transmission to human population had originally occurred, thus, unraveling its enigmatic origin. Emergence of SARS-like coronavirus poses new challenge in China A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster A family cluster of SARS-CoV-2 infection involving 11 patients in Nanjing, China Novel coronavirus disease (Covid-19): the first two patients in the UK with person to person transmission A novel coronavirus outbreak of global health concern Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China The British Infection Association Emergence of SARS-like coronavirus in china: an update A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Isolation and characterization of 2019-nCoV-like coronavirus from Malayan pangolins key: cord-276991-gv1k7u7j authors: Zhang, Xu; Chen, Xiaoyuan; Zhang, Zhipeng; Roy, Ayan; Shen, Yongyi title: Strategies to trace back the origin of COVID-19 date: 2020-04-08 journal: J Infect DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.032 sha: doc_id: 276991 cord_uid: gv1k7u7j nan The recent outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the SARS-CoV-2, had raised great concern.
    keywords: coronavirus; human
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        item: #1367 of 5187
          id: cord-276995-b003vcdc
      author: Wiese, Andrew D
       title: Social distancing measures: evidence of interruption of seasonal influenza activity and early lessons of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
        date: 2020-06-20
       words: 819
      flesch: 25
     summary: key: cord-276995-b003vcdc authors: Wiese, Andrew D; Everson, Jordan; Grijalva, Carlos G title: Social distancing measures: evidence of interruption of seasonal influenza activity and early lessons of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic date: 2020-06-20 journal: Clin Infect Dis DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa834 sha: doc_id: 276995 cord_uid: b003vcdc nan M a n u s c r i p t The unprecedented enactment of social distancing measures in response to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic -including city lockdowns, school closures, stay-at-home orders, case isolation, quarantine of contacts, etc.was aimed at reducing the transmission of the virus and its burden on healthcare systems. In this issue of the journal, Hyunju Lee and colleagues describe the use of national influenza surveillance data to assess the impact of social distancing measures, implemented in response to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, on seasonal influenza activity in Korea.
    keywords: influenza; measures; surveillance
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        item: #1368 of 5187
          id: cord-277014-iz8jo44e
      author: Hu, Weihua
       title: Disorders of sodium balance and its clinical implications in COVID-19 patients: a multicenter retrospective study
        date: 2020-10-16
       words: 3650
      flesch: 39
     summary: In addition, hyponatremia patients required extensive treatment with oxygen, antibiotics, and corticosteroids. In addition, hyponatremia patients required intensive oxygen treatment compared to normonatremia patients (87.1 vs 60.1%) including the use of oxygen inhalation, oxygen absorption by mask, high-influx oxygen absorption, and non-invasive and invasive ventilation ( Table 3 ).
    keywords: clinical; covid-19; hyponatremia; normonatremia; patients; sodium; study; table; total
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        item: #1369 of 5187
          id: cord-277025-gmy51dx4
      author: Pfefferle, Susanne
       title: Complete Genome Sequence of a SARS-CoV-2 Strain Isolated in Northern Germany
        date: 2020-06-04
       words: 954
      flesch: 48
     summary: After 1 h at 37°C, the ESwab medium was replaced by cell culture medium (Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium containing 3% fetal calf serum, 1% penicillinstreptomycin, 1% L-glutamine A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China The species Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus: classifying 2019-nCoV and naming it SARS-CoV-2 Infection control and virological assessment of the first cluster of COVID-19 in northern Germany Evaluation of a quantitative RT-PCR assay for the detection of the emerging coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 using a high throughput system Trimmomatic: a flexible trimmer for Illumina sequence data Complete genome characterisation of a novel coronavirus associated with severe human respiratory disease in Wuhan SPAdes: a new genome assembly algorithm and its applications to single-cell sequencing NCBI Prokaryotic Genome Annotation Pipeline Haplotype-based variant detection from shortread sequencing We are grateful to Svenja Reucher and Kerstin Reumann for excellent technical assistance.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; genome; reads; sars
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        item: #1370 of 5187
          id: cord-277039-yo5ojr0s
      author: Mendenhall, Ian H.
       title: Discovery and Characterization of Novel Bat Coronavirus Lineages from Kazakhstan
        date: 2019-04-17
       words: 2425
      flesch: 49
     summary: In addition, two distinct lineages of Kazakhstan bat coronaviruses were detected. Both lineages are closely related to bat coronaviruses from China, France, Spain, and South Africa, suggesting that co-circulation of coronaviruses is common in multiple bat species with overlapping geographical distributions.
    keywords: bat; bats; cave; coronaviruses; cov; kazakhstan; sequences; species
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        item: #1371 of 5187
          id: cord-277076-yvsyo4l9
      author: Berger, A.
       title: SARS
        date: 2019-09-12
       words: 4350
      flesch: 41
     summary: It was obvious that the majority of human SARS cases were acquired through transmission from other SARS sufferers (which proved key to its eventual control). Low risk of SARS-CoV emergence or introduction -Countries/areas that never reported cases or reported only imported cases during the 2002-03 epidemic, and that do not conduct research using live SARS-CoV-like viruses or store clinical samples from SARS cases.
    keywords: agent; antibody; cases; cov; emergence; human; illness; infection; sars; test
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        item: #1372 of 5187
          id: cord-277110-e27lm7rr
      author: Iria, Neri
       title: Major cluster of pediatric “ true ” primary chilblains during the COVID‐19 pandemic: a consequence of lifestyle changes due to lockdown
        date: 2020-06-13
       words: 2907
      flesch: 47
     summary: We were not able to test other patients due to the difficulties to access the hospital. The observation of other cases, with a careful clinical examination and an accurate history will provide further diagnostic clues and will be necessary to verify our hypothesis.
    keywords: cases; chilblain; children; covid-19; infection; lesions; patients
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        item: #1373 of 5187
          id: cord-277113-pykf7iw1
      author: Wang, Xingyu
       title: The Clinical Features and Outcomes of Discharged Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients：A Prospective Cohort Study
        date: 2020-05-22
       words: 3567
      flesch: 52
     summary: To investigate clinical outcomes, distribution of quarantine locations, and the infection status of the contacts of COVID-19 patients after discharge. The majority of COVID-19 patients after discharge were in the course of recovery.
    keywords: chest; cov-2; covid-19; discharge; patients
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        item: #1374 of 5187
          id: cord-277137-k3jj5vom
      author: Anand, Praveen
       title: SARS-CoV-2 strategically mimics proteolytic activation of human ENaC
        date: 2020-05-26
       words: 2719
      flesch: 42
     summary: Calculating the cosine similarity metric for protease cleavage site The position frequency matrix (PFM) of the individual proteases obtained from the MEROPS database (Rawlings et al., 2018) was converted to a probability weight matrix (PWM) (normalized and scaled) (Supplementary file 1b) . Strikingly, examining over 10 million peptides (8-mers) of 20,350 canonical human proteins from UniProtKB shows that the peptide of interest (RRARSVAS) is present exclusively in human ENaC-a, also known as SCNN1A (p-value=4E-4) (see Materials and methods).
    keywords: ace2; cells; cov-2; enac; human; sars
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        item: #1375 of 5187
          id: cord-277186-sj8ngpk8
      author: He, Qigai
       title: Characterization of monoclonal antibody against SARS coronavirus nucleocapsid antigen and development of an antigen capture ELISA
        date: 2005-04-19
       words: 4206
      flesch: 48
     summary: Therefore, more effort should be directed towards developing a simple and inexpensive assay for the detection of SARS CoV proteins. The specificity of the blocking was confirmed if the percentage of inhibition was greater than 50. Detection of SARS CoV protein from human infected cells was mimicked using Sf-9 cells expressing recombinant nucleocapsid, protein according to our previous report (He et al., 2005) .
    keywords: antibody; antigen; cov; elisa; mab; n195; protein; sars; serum
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        item: #1376 of 5187
          id: cord-277188-t33nw4zb
      author: Fang, Jie
       title: Efficacy of Early Combination Therapy With Lianhuaqingwen and Arbidol in Moderate and Severe COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study
        date: 2020-09-18
       words: 4643
      flesch: 43
     summary: Undoubtedly, great efforts have been made to identify effective medical products, such as drugs and vaccines, to diagnose and treat COVID-19 patients. One clinical study found that COVID-19 patients in the Arbidol group had a shorter duration of positivity on RNA tests than those in the lopinavir/ritonavir group (Zhu Z. et al., 2020) .
    keywords: arbidol; combination; covid-19; group; lhqw; patients; study; therapy; time; treatment
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        item: #1377 of 5187
          id: cord-277197-njy99jh4
      author: Song, Fang
       title: COVID‐19: Recommended sampling sites at different stage of the disease
        date: 2020-04-16
       words: 549
      flesch: 16
     summary: 15 Due to the long time of Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for NovelCoronavirus Pneumonia (Trial Version 7) Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Different Types of Clinical Specimens Stability Issues of RT-PCR Testing of SARS-CoV-2 for Hospitalized Patients Clinically Diagnosed with COVID-19 Positive RT-PCR Test Results in Patients Recovered From Molecular and serological investigation of 2019-nCoV infected patients: implication of multiple shedding routes Viral load of SARS-CoV-2 in clinical samples SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load in Upper Respiratory Specimens of Infected Patients Evaluating the accuracy of different respiratory specimens in the laboratory diagnosis and monitoring the viral shedding of 2019-nCoV infections Prolonged presence of SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA in faecal samples Persistence and clearance of viral RNA in 2019 novel coronavirus disease rehabilitation patients Detectable SARS-CoV-2 Viral RNA in Feces of Three Children during Recovery Period of COVID-19 Pneumonia Interim Guidelines for Collecting, Handling, and Testing Clinical Specimens from Persons for Coronavirus Disease Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study On the use of corticosteroids for 2019-nCoV pneumonia At present, it mainly relies on Real‐time RT‐PCR to detect SARS‐CoV‐2 virus nucleic acid collected from the clinical specimens of patients as the standard for diagnosis, discontinuation of quarantine and discharge.(1,2)
    keywords: patients; specimens
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        item: #1378 of 5187
          id: cord-277210-xaj2623u
      author: Weinkove, Robert
       title: Managing haematology and oncology patients during the COVID‐19 pandemic: interim consensus guidance
        date: 2020-05-13
       words: 6047
      flesch: 32
     summary: 10 Atypical clinical presentations of other infections are common among cancer patients receiving highly immunosuppressive therapies, 13 although whether this applies to COVID- 19 is not yet known. This may be of particular relevance to patients with lung cancer, who made up the majority of cancer patients affected by COVID-19 in an early report.
    keywords: cancer; care; cell; clinicians; cov-2; covid-19; guidance; health; infection; pandemic; patients; risk; sars; transfusion; treatment
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        item: #1379 of 5187
          id: cord-277239-cedoi5jr
      author: Bray, R. A.
       title: Development and validation of a multiplex bead based assay for the detection of antibodies directed against SARS-CoV-2 proteins
        date: 2020-09-03
       words: 4455
      flesch: 43
     summary: Initial report from the US epicenter HLA antibody detection with solid phase assays: great expectations or expectations too great? Out with the old, in with the new: Virtual versus physical crossmatching in the modern era Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoVspike in the perfusion conformation Phylogenetic analysis and structural modeling of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein reveals evolutionary distinct and proteolytically sensitive activation loop Rapid generation of neutralizing antibody responses in COVID-19 patients Deployment of convalescent plasma for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 A neutralizing human antibody binds to the N-terminal domain of the Spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 The proteins of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2 or n-COV19), the cause of COVID-19 Multiplex detection and dynamics of IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV2 and the highly pathogenic human coronaviruses SARS However, recent studies reveal that a positive antibody test is not necessarily adequate to determine current or future immunity to SARS CoV-2.
    keywords: antibodies; cov-2; license; medrxiv; preprint; sars
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        item: #1380 of 5187
          id: cord-277253-vy0mvzeb
      author: Liu, Hongbo
       title: Scutellaria baicalensis extract and baicalein inhibit replication of SARS-CoV-2 and its 3C-like protease in vitro
        date: 2020-04-11
       words: 2280
      flesch: 42
     summary: A Review of Historical Classics, Research Evidence and Current Prevention Programs A comprehensive review on phytochemistry, pharmacology, and flavonoid biosynthesis of Scutellaria baicalensis Baicalein and baicalin as Zika virus inhibitors Anti-H1N1 virus, cytotoxic and Nrf2 activation activities of chemical constituents from Scutellaria baicalensis Inhibition of HIV replication by baicalin and S. baicalensis extracts in H9 cell culture Extract of Scutellaria baicalensis inhibits dengue virus replication Efficacy of Scutellaria baicalensis for the Treatment of Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease Associated with Encephalitis in Patients Infected with EV71: A Multicenter, Retrospective Analysis A targeted strategy to analyze untargeted mass spectral data: Rapid chemical profiling of Scutellaria baicalensis using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with hybrid quadrupole orbitrap mass spectrometry and key ion filtering Inhibition of SARS-CoV 3CL protease by flavonoids Characteristics of flavonoids as potent MERS-CoV 3C-like protease inhibitors 3C-like proteinase from SARS coronavirus catalyzes substrate hydrolysis by a general base mechanism Therapeutic Effects of Breviscapine in Cardiovascular Diseases: A Review Identification of myricetin and scutellarein as novel chemical inhibitors of the SARS coronavirus helicase, nsP13 Metabolism of constituents in Huangqin-Tang, a prescription in traditional Chinese medicine, by human intestinal flora Hepatic metabolism and disposition of baicalein via the coupling of conjugation enzymes and transporters-in vitro and in vivo evidences Biosynthesis, purification, and substrate specificity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 3C-like proteinase Maturation mechanism of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus 3C-like proteinase In Vitro Antiviral Activity and Projection of Optimized Dosing Design of Hydroxychloroquine for the Treatment of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Within the 20 years of the 21st century, there are already three outbreaks of CoV-causing global epidemics, including SARS, MERS, and COVID-19.
    keywords: 3cl; activity; baicalensis; cov-2; pro; sars
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        item: #1381 of 5187
          id: cord-277260-7se220oz
      author: Gosain, Rohit
       title: COVID-19 and Cancer: a Comprehensive Review
        date: 2020-05-08
       words: 5943
      flesch: 35
     summary: However, in cancer patients on active treatment or even during watchful observation, lymphopenia (an independent poor prognostic indicator in COVID-19 patients) Emerging data highlighting concerns of coagulopathy in COVID-19 patients is becoming available, but it is too early to infer if these are more or less common in cancer patients [77] .
    keywords: cancer; china; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; pandemic; patients; risk; sars; syndrome; therapy; treatment; trials; use
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        item: #1382 of 5187
          id: cord-277278-lg38l5gh
      author: Tang, Olive
       title: Outcomes of nursing home COVID-19 patients by initial symptoms and comorbidity: Results of universal testing of 1,970 residents
        date: 2020-10-14
       words: 2165
      flesch: 42
     summary: The respiratory surveillance line list is used 90 to monitor staff and resident symptoms during a respiratory disease outbreak or cluster. Setting and Participants 1,970 residents from 15 nursing home facilities with universal COVID-19 testing in Maryland.
    keywords: cov-2; residents; sars; testing
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        item: #1383 of 5187
          id: cord-277307-wabruzfs
      author: Gu, Wei
       title: Associations of Early COVID-19 Cases in San Francisco with Domestic and International Travel
        date: 2020-05-21
       words: 1098
      flesch: 43
     summary: key: cord-277307-wabruzfs authors: Gu, Wei; Deng, Xianding; Reyes, Kevin; Hsu, Elaine; Wang, Candace; Sotomayor-Gonzalez, Alicia; Federman, Scot; Bushnell, Brian; Miller, Steve; Chiu, Charles title: Associations of Early COVID-19 Cases in San Francisco with Domestic and International Travel date: 2020-05-21 journal: Clin Infect Dis DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa599 sha: doc_id: 277307 cord_uid: wabruzfs In early-to-mid March 2020, 20 of 46 (43%) COVID-19 cases at a tertiary care hospital in San Francisco, California were travel-related. In particular, New York cases in the United States quickly surged from 22 to >10,000 between March 10 and 22 2 .
    keywords: cases; new; sars
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        item: #1384 of 5187
          id: cord-277309-kelebqr6
      author: Wang, Lin-Fa
       title: Viruses in bats and potential spillover to animals and humans
        date: 2019-01-18
       words: 6083
      flesch: 41
     summary: Here we provide a brief review of the latest findings in bat viruses and their potential risk of cross-species transmission. Here we provide a brief review of the latest findings in bat viruses and their potential risk of crossspecies transmission.
    keywords: bats; coronavirus; cov; disease; humans; novel; outbreak; potential; sars; species; spillover; transmission; viruses; zoonotic
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        item: #1385 of 5187
          id: cord-277313-5f5lrn3c
      author: Hayakawa, Satoshi
       title: Covid‐19 pandemic and pregnancy
        date: 2020-08-10
       words: 4627
      flesch: 46
     summary: Available from URL Focus on receptors for coronaviruses with special reference to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 as a potential drug target-a perspective Origins of major human infectious diseases Phylogenetic network analysis of SARS-CoV-2 genomes On the origin and continuing evolution of SARS-CoV-2 Spread of SARS-CoV-2 in the Icelandic population SARS-CoV-2 productively infects human gut enterocytes Targeting SARS-CoV-2 Receptors as a means for reducing infectivity and improving antiviral and immune response: An algorithm-based method for overcoming resistance to antiviral agents Risk factors for mortality in 244 older adults with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: A retrospective study The pathogenesis and treatment of the 'cytokine Storm' in COVID-19 Back to the future: Lessons learned from the 1918 influenza pandemic Gross examination report of a COVID-19 death autopsy Coagulopathy in COVID-19 Endothelial cell infection and endotheliitis in COVID-19 The unique immunological and microbial aspects of pregnancy Type 1 interferons as a potential treatment against COVID-19 Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: A retrospective review of medical records Clinical manifestations and outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy Neonatal early-onset infection with SARS-CoV-2 in 33 neonates born to mothers with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China Antibodies in infants born to mothers with COVID-19 pneumonia Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in pregnant women: A report based on 116 cases Maternal and perinatal outcomes with COVID-19: A systematic review of 108 pregnancies Executive management summary and short report of outcome Severe COVID-19 during pregnancy and possible vertical transmission Mortality of a pregnant patient diagnosed with COVID-19: A case report with clinical, radiological, and histopathological findings COVID-19 infection among asymptomatic and symptomatic pregnant women: Two weeks of confirmed presentations to an affiliated pair of new York City hospitals Pregnancy and perinatal outcomes of women with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pneumonia: A preliminary analysis Maternal death due to COVID-19 disease Clinical course of severe and critical COVID-19 in hospitalized pregnancies: A US cohort study Second-trimester miscarriage in a pregnant woman with SARS-CoV-2 infection SARS-CoV-2 infection of the placenta Possible vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from an infected mother to her newborn What are the risks of COVID-19 infection in pregnant women? Viral infections during pregnancy First antibody surveys draw fire for quality, bias Current laboratory diagnostics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) However, in an Italian study, among 42 deliveries, 24 (57%) women delivered vaginally, with three cases undergoing induction of labor for obstetric reasons, while elective cesarean section was performed in 18 (43%) cases: in 8 cases, the indication was unrelated to COVID-19 infection, but in 10 cases, the indications were worsening dyspnea or other COVID-19-related symptoms.
    keywords: cases; china; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; infection; patients; pregnancy; sars; transmission; women
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        item: #1386 of 5187
          id: cord-277342-40d24mvm
      author: Chen, Yu
       title: SARS-CoV-2: virus dynamics and host response
        date: 2020-03-23
       words: 804
      flesch: 44
     summary: For example, immunocompromised patients might have higher viral load, prolonged viral shedding, and impaired antibody response. Viral load was also shown to correlate with age.
    keywords: cov-2; patients; sars
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        item: #1387 of 5187
          id: cord-277345-bbgerem6
      author: Pan, A.
       title: Disparities in COVID-19 Hospitalizations and Mortality among Black and Hispanic Patients: Cross-Sectional Analysis from the Greater Houston Metropolitan Area
        date: 2020-08-22
       words: 4222
      flesch: 39
     summary: Table 1 presents the baseline sociodemographic and comorbidity characteristics among SARS-CoV-2 PCR-confirmed cases, stratified by non-Hispanic race and Hispanic ethnicity. A greater proportion of NHBs resided in areas with lower income and higher population density.
    keywords: hispanic; hospital; medrxiv; mortality; nhbs; non; preprint; sars
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        item: #1388 of 5187
          id: cord-277357-lpurk7pe
      author: González-González, Everardo
       title: Portable and accurate diagnostics for COVID-19: Combined use of the miniPCR thermocycler and a well-plate reader for SARS-CoV-2 virus detection
        date: 2020-08-13
       words: 4008
      flesch: 44
     summary: The blueGel1 has several important advantages and represents a valid and portable solution for detecting PCR amplification products. Our results suggest that using a commercial plate reader to determine the extent of advance of PCR amplifications is a practical, reliable, reproducible, and robust alternative to the use of gel electrophoresis.
    keywords: amplification; cov-2; covid-19; detection; fluorescence; minipcr; plate; reader; sars
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        item: #1389 of 5187
          id: cord-277399-0w8is9xm
      author: Esteves, Sandro C.
       title: SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic and repercussions for male infertility patients: A proposal for the individualized provision of andrological services
        date: 2020-05-22
       words: 4162
      flesch: 31
     summary: key: cord-277399-0w8is9xm authors: Esteves, Sandro C.; Lombardo, Francesco; Garrido, Nicolás; Alvarez, Juan; Zini, Armand; Colpi, Giovanni M.; Kirkman‐Brown, Jackson; Lewis, Sheena E. M.; Björndahl, Lars; Majzoub, Ahmad; Cho, Chak‐Lam; Vendeira, Pedro; Hallak, Jorge; Amar, Edouard; Cocuzza, Marcello; Bento, Fabiola C.; Figueira, Rita C.; Sciorio, Romualdo; Laursen, Rita J.; Metwalley, Ahmad M.; Jindal, Sunil K.; Parekattil, Sijo; Ramasamy, Ranjith; Alviggi, Carlo; Humaidan, Peter; Yovich, John L.; Agarwal, Ashok title: SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic and repercussions for male infertility patients: A proposal for the individualized provision of andrological services date: 2020-05-22 journal: Andrology DOI: 10.1111/andr.12809 sha: doc_id: 277399 cord_uid: 0w8is9xm The prolonged lockdown of health facilities providing non‐urgent gamete cryopreservation—as currently recommended by many reproductive medicine entities and regulatory authorities due to the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic will be detrimental for subgroups of male infertility patients.
    keywords: banking; cov-2; fertility; male; men; patients; sars; semen; services; sperm
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        item: #1390 of 5187
          id: cord-277410-lt19mijb
      author: Salvatore, Phillip P
       title: Epidemiological Correlates of PCR Cycle Threshold Values in the Detection of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-09-28
       words: 3289
      flesch: 44
     summary: While quantitative interpretation of Ct values is dependent on multiple factors including reaction conditions and amplification efficiency, a common theoretical value can provide a useful benchmark for interpreting Ct values: an increase of 3.3 units in Ct value corresponds to 10-fold less target RNA under optimum conditions [3] . Given the paucity of data examining associations of these factors with Ct value at the time of diagnosis, we sought to identify relationships between Ct values and time since onset, demographic factors, and symptoms among laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases identified in a multistate investigation of SARS-CoV-2 household transmission. and Wisconsin between March 23 and May 13, 2020 who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 on an nasopharyngeal (NP) swab at enrollment or during follow-up, including index cases and household members [10] [11] [12] .
    keywords: collection; cov-2; participants; sars; symptoms; time; values
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        item: #1391 of 5187
          id: cord-277440-9nehpbg2
      author: Grimm, Christian
       title: Could an endo-lysosomal ion channel be the Achilles heel of SARS-CoV2?
        date: 2020-05-06
       words: 1327
      flesch: 47
     summary: Viral escape from endosomes and host detection at a glance Characterization of the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of 2019 novel coronavirus: implication for development of RBD protein as a viral attachment inhibitor and vaccine The Two-pore channel (TPC) interactome unmasks isoform-specific roles for TPCs in endolysosomal morphology and cell pigmentation High susceptibility to fatty liver disease in twopore channel 2-deficient mice The two-pore channel TPC1 is required for efficient protein processing through early and recycling endosomes Two-pore channels control Ebola virus host cell entry and are drug targets for disease treatment NAADP-dependent Ca2+ signaling regulates Middle East Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus pseudovirus translocation through the endolysosomal system Characterization of spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 on virus entry and its immune cross-reactivity with SARS-CoV Ebola Virus and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Display Late Cell Entry Kinetics: Evidence that Transport to NPC1+ TPC antagonists affect trafficking between endo-lysosomal organelles with TPC2 inhibition affecting in particular the late endosome step of EBOV GP proteolysis, preventing virus entry into the cytoplasm, and retaining the virus within NPC1+ endosomes.
    keywords: cov; lysosomal; mers; sars; tpc2
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        item: #1392 of 5187
          id: cord-277443-mv7sk5aa
      author: Kumaki, Yohichi
       title: Prophylactic and therapeutic intranasal administration with an immunomodulator, Hiltonol(®) (Poly IC:LC), in a lethal SARS-CoV-infected BALB/c mouse model
        date: 2016-12-09
       words: 10074
      flesch: 48
     summary: Mice were weighed every day from 24 h prior to virus infection to day 21 post virus exposure. These treated, SARS-CoVinfected mice receiving the various Hiltonol ® dosing regimens were also significantly protected against weight loss due to virus infection (Table 1 , p < 0.05-p<0.001) from days 0e3 post virus exposure when the greatest weight loss occurred in this mouse model.
    keywords: cov; day; et al; hiltonol; infection; interferon; lung; mice; mouse; sars; virus
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        item: #1393 of 5187
          id: cord-277486-12uah5qi
      author: Kopp, Kristen
       title: Interdisciplinary Model for Scheduling Post-discharge Cardiopulmonary Care of Patients Following Severe and Critical SARS-CoV-2 (Coronavirus) Infection
        date: 2020-08-14
       words: 3182
      flesch: 20
     summary: In another CT study of convalescing SARS patients 51 days after symptom start, follow-up CT showed air trapping (92%) ground-glass opacities As no guidelines on the timing of follow-up care for Covid-19 patients yet exist, this model schedules follow-up to occur at 1-2 months post-discharge based on several considerations.
    keywords: care; covid-19; discharge; disease; follow; infection; patients; pulmonary; sars
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        item: #1394 of 5187
          id: cord-277487-jgbjxgh1
      author: Graham, Simon P.
       title: Evaluation of the immunogenicity of prime-boost vaccination with the replication-deficient viral vectored COVID-19 vaccine candidate ChAdOx1 nCoV-19
        date: 2020-06-20
       words: 5084
      flesch: 44
     summary: For analysis of T cell responses in pigs, overlapping 16mer peptides offset by 4 residues based on the predicted amino acid sequence of the entire S protein from SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan-Hu-1 isolate (NCBI Reference Sequence: NC_045512.2) were designed and synthesised (Mimotopes, Melbourne, Australia) and reconstituted in sterile 40% acetonitrile (Sigma-Aldrich) at a concentration of 3 mg/mL. Three pools of synthetic peptides representing residues 1-331 (Pool 1), 332-748 (Pool 2) and 749-1273 (Pool 3) were prepared for use to stimulate T cells in IFN-γ ELISpot and intracellular cytokine staining (ICS) assays. We show here that T cell responses are higher in pigs that received a prime-boost vaccination when compared to prime only at day 42, whilst comparing responses 14 days after last immunisation demonstrates the prime-boost regimen trended toward a higher response.
    keywords: antibody; boost; cells; chadox1; cov-2; mice; ncov-19; pigs; prime; responses; sars; titres
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        item: #1395 of 5187
          id: cord-277490-xrgnt6l5
      author: Huang, Zhongwei
       title: Optimal temperature zone for the dispersal of COVID-19
        date: 2020-05-16
       words: 426
      flesch: 40
     summary: Visualizing Speech-Generated Oral Fluid Droplets with Laser Light Scattering The effect of travel restrictions on the spread of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak The global oxygen budget and its future projection Transmission of 2019-NCOV infection from an asymptomatic contact in Germany SARS-Cov-2 RNA Found on Particulate Matter of Transmission of a 2009 Pandemic Influenza Virus Shows a Sensitivity to Temperature and Humidity Similar to That of an H3N2 Seasonal Strain Evidence that higher temperatures are associated with lower incidence of COVID-19 in pandemic state, cumulative cases reported up to A seasonal model to simulate influenza oscillation in Tokyo Association between ambient temperature and COVID-19 infection in 122 cities from China key: cord-277490-xrgnt6l5 authors: Huang, Zhongwei; Huang, Jianping; Gu, Qianqing; Du, Pengyue; Liang, Hongbin; Dong, Qing title: Optimal temperature zone for the dispersal of COVID-19 date: 2020-05-16 journal: Sci Total Environ DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139487 sha: doc_id: 277490 cord_uid: xrgnt6l5
    keywords: covid-19; sars
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        item: #1396 of 5187
          id: cord-277491-q18b88lm
      author: Cao, Ying-Li
       title: Identification and Characterization of Three Novel Small Interference RNAs That Effectively Down-Regulate the Isolated Nucleocapsid Gene Expression of SARS Coronavirus
        date: 2011-02-11
       words: 4010
      flesch: 46
     summary: Similarly, si-N863, which targeted at the 3' half of N gene, also dramatically inhibited N protein expression by about four-fold when the molar ratio of si-N863: N reached 6:1 (Figure 5a and 5b) . Therefore, N gene has long been thought an ideal target for the design of small interference RNA (siRNA).
    keywords: coronavirus; cov; expression; gene; protein; sars; sequence; sirna
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        item: #1397 of 5187
          id: cord-277496-9ss09g6h
      author: Thaweerat, Wajana
       title: Current evidence on pancreatic involvement in SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-05-27
       words: 947
      flesch: 32
     summary: May Cause Pancreatic Damage After SARS-CoV-2 Infection Review of Infectious Etiology of Acute Pancreatitis Don't Overlook Digestive Symptoms in Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Classification of acute pancreatitis-2012: revision of the Atlanta classification and definitions by international consensus Pancreatic injury patterns in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) associated with severe acute pancreatitis: Case report on three family members COVID-19 presenting as acute pancreatitis PANCREATITIS OR NOT?--Elevated lipase and amylase in ICU patients Binding of SARS coronavirus to its receptor damages islets and causes acute diabetes Glycemic Characteristics and Clinical Outcomes of COVID-19 Patients Hospitalized in the United States Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus Organ distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in SARS patients: implications for pathogenesis and virus transmission pathways Diverse clinical manifestations other than respiratory symptoms were reported in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: covid-19; patients; sars
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        item: #1398 of 5187
          id: cord-277498-hdhq99k2
      author: Chua, Melvin L.K.
       title: Follow-up and management of head and neck cancer patients during the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) disease pandemic
        date: 2020-05-15
       words: 3347
      flesch: 40
     summary: Cancer patients constitute a particularly vulnerable population during this outbreak due to their potentially compromised immune system and the frequency of their healthcare visits. Several groups have shared their approach to managing cancer patients during this global outbreak 3, 4 .
    keywords: cancer; head; neck; patients; radiation; sars; treatment; visits
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        item: #1399 of 5187
          id: cord-277509-khvuiwl1
      author: Hashemi, Seyyed Alireza
       title: Ultra-sensitive viral glycoprotein detection NanoSystem toward accurate tracing SARS-CoV-2 in biological/non-biological media
        date: 2021-01-01
       words: 5379
      flesch: 42
     summary: The method do not require any extraction and/or biomarkers for detection of target viruses and can identify trace of different pathogenic viruses in about 1 min. The method do not require any extraction and/or biomarkers for detection of target viruses and can identify trace of different pathogenic viruses in about 1 min.
    keywords: cov-2; detection; fig; glycoproteins; nanosensor; samples; sars; viral; viruses
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        item: #1400 of 5187
          id: cord-277529-z2r14w2k
      author: Stella, Alessandro
       title: Familial Mediterranean Fever and COVID-19: Friends or Foes?
        date: 2020-09-18
       words: 3643
      flesch: 31
     summary: The pyrin inflammasome in health and disease Lack of clear and univocal genotype-phenotype correlation in familial Mediterranean fever patients: a systematic review The population genetics of familial mediterranean fever: a meta-analysis study MEFV mutations and their relation to major clinical symptoms of Familial Mediterranean Fever A novel cluster of patients with familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) in southern Italy Genetic epidemiology of familial Mediterranean fever through integrative analysis of whole genome and exome sequences from Middle East and North Africa Global epidemiology of Familial Mediterranean fever mutations using population exome sequences A population genetics study of the familial Mediterranean fever gene: evidence of balancing selection under an overdominance regime NLRP3-associated autoinflammatory diseases: phenotypic and molecular characteristics of germline versus somatic mutations Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of cryopyrinassociated periodic syndrome: a series of 136 patients from the Eurofever Registry Lessons Learned to Date on COVID-19 Hyperinflammatory Syndrome: considerations for Interventions to Mitigate SARS-CoV-2 Viral Infection and Detrimental Hyperinflammation Expression of elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in SARS-CoV-infected ACE2+ cells in SARS patients: relation to the acute lung injury and pathogenesis of SARS Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus ORF3a protein activates the NLRP3 inflammasome by promoting TRAF3-dependent ubiquitination of ASC SARS-CoV-2 and ORF3a: nonsynonymous Mutations, Functional Domains, and Viral Pathogenesis. In addition, colchicine and IL-1 inhibitors treatments that are effective in controlling inflammation in FMF patients have recently been proposed for off-label use in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: covid-19; fever; fmf; mediterranean; mefv; nlrp3; patients; pyrin; sars
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        item: #1401 of 5187
          id: cord-277539-xt2nt11e
      author: Kochhar, Anuraj Singh
       title: Dentistry during and after COVID-19 Pandemic: Pediatric Considerations
        date: 2020
       words: 4508
      flesch: 41
     summary: It is highly likely that dental professionals in upcoming days will come across COVID-19 patients and SARS-CoV-2 carriers, and hence must ensure a tactful handling of such patients to prevent its nosocomial spread. It is speculated that dental professionals will come across COVID-19 patients and SARS-CoV-2 carriers, and hence must ensure a careful handling of such patients to prevent its nosocomial spread.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; pandemic; patients; practice; sars; transmission; use
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        item: #1402 of 5187
          id: cord-277549-sg7tzhdm
      author: Stanley, Kate E.
       title: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and fertility: viral host entry protein expression in male and female reproductive tissues
        date: 2020-05-08
       words: 5371
      flesch: 41
     summary: In ovarian tissue, the mass spectrometry found high levels of ACE2 protein expression in ovarian cells while the IHC method did not detect the protein in either follicular or stromal ovarian cells (Figure 4A) . Protein expression in ovarian, testicular, endometrial and placental tissue was correlated with bulk cell RNA expression data from four publicly available datasets: the HPA and GTEx datasets, which both use RNAseq, the FANTOM5 dataset, which uses cap analysis gene expression (CAGE) and the HPA consensus dataset, a consensus dataset of the other three RNA datasets.
    keywords: ace2; cells; cov-2; data; expression; figure; human; sars; tmprss2
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        item: #1403 of 5187
          id: cord-277564-x5qfxag3
      author: Kim, Si-Hyun
       title: Infection prevention and control practices for emergency surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic in a tertiary care hospital in South Korea
        date: 2020-10-24
       words: 1313
      flesch: 40
     summary: Guidelines for Surgery of Confirmed or Suspected COVID-19 Patients Preparedness for COVID-19 infection prevention in Korea: a single-centre experience In accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki 2013, all research involving human participants has to be registered in a publicly accessible database. Patients with findings suggestive of COVID-19 should be placed in a negative-pressure isolation room in the ED until the results of the rRT-PCR test for SARS-CoV-2 are confirmed as negative.
    keywords: covid-19; patients; risk; surgery
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        item: #1404 of 5187
          id: cord-277585-evw3pu87
      author: Malavolta, Marco
       title: Exploring the Relevance of Senotherapeutics for the Current SARS-CoV-2 Emergency and Similar Future Global Health Threats
        date: 2020-04-08
       words: 4195
      flesch: 26
     summary: Although this observation may suggest the hypothesis that senescent cells easily accumulate in aged lungs, understanding the extent and kind of senescent cell accumulation in aging lung tissue is still a challenge. The senescence-associated secretory phenotype: The dark side of tumor suppression Diversity of the Senescence Phenotype of Cancer Cells Treated with Chemotherapeutic Agents Cellular senescence: Immunosurveillance and future immunotherapy Senescence of Activated Stellate Cells Limits Liver Fibrosis Natural killer cells limit the clearance of senescent lung adenocarcinoma cells Survey of senescent-cell markers with age in human tissues Cellular senescence and lung function during aging: Yin and Yang Lung cellular senescence is independent of aging in a mouse model of COPD/emphysema Failure of immunosurveillance accelerates aging Tissue specificity of senescent cell accumulation during physiologic and accelerated aging of mice Integrating cellular senescence with the concept of damage accumulation in aging: Relevance for clearance of senescent cells Emerging roles of extracellular vesicles in cellular senescence and aging Cellular senescence contributes to age-dependent changes in circulating extracellular vesicle cargo and function Senescence cell-associated extracellular vesicles serve as osteoarthritis disease and therapeutic markers Small extracellular vesicles deliver miR-21 and miR-217 as pro-senescence effectors to endothelial cells Senolytics improve physical function and increase lifespan in old age Exosome Biogenesis and Biological Function in Response to Viral Infections An antiviral defense that is tumor suppressive?
    keywords: aging; cells; cellular; cov; human; infection; sars; sasp; senescent; virus
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        item: #1405 of 5187
          id: cord-277611-3iynrfzq
      author: Buetti, Niccolò
       title: Risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 detection in blood of critically ill patients
        date: 2020-09-02
       words: 812
      flesch: 59
     summary: This model takes into account the clustering effect of multiple sampling per patient. patients were male and the median age was 58 (IQR: 46; 67); 22 (52%) had a cardiovascular comorbidity and eight (19%) were immunosuppressed.
    keywords: patients; sars
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        item: #1406 of 5187
          id: cord-277619-83bve5z0
      author: Huang, Victoria W.
       title: Head and neck survivorship care in the times of the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic
        date: 2020-05-02
       words: 2307
      flesch: 43
     summary: Psychological distress is also particularly prevalent in HNC patients as nearly 35% of patients suffer from symptoms of depression and anxiety. This terminology encourages providers and patients to consider the impact of diagnosis and treatment earlier as multiple studies have highlighted the unique experience of HNC patients as they progress through changes in swallowing, speech, and nutrition.
    keywords: cancer; head; hnc; neck; patients; sars
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        item: #1407 of 5187
          id: cord-277640-vy7ex5lv
      author: Calderaro, Adriana
       title: SARS-CoV-2 infection diagnosed only by cell culture isolation before the local outbreak in an Italian seven-week-old suckling baby
        date: 2020-05-14
       words: 1177
      flesch: 38
     summary: To the best of our knowledge, no literature evidence of SARS-CoV-2 virus infection diagnosed including virus isolation is present for suckling babies and very little evidence for new-borns (Lu and Shi, 2020, Wang et al., 2020); in these reported cases, laboratory diagnosis was only done by molecular methods. To the best of our knowledge, in the international literature at the time of the manuscript submission, no other reports of infants of this age describing the laboratory diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection including virus isolation together with RNA detection were present.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; infection; sars
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        item: #1408 of 5187
          id: cord-277659-afysef1e
      author: Hamilton, F.
       title: Kinetics and performance of the Abbott Architect SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody assay
        date: 2020-07-04
       words: 3098
      flesch: 47
     summary: Total nucleic acids were recovered from nose and throat swabs in viral transport medium or lower respiratory samples using a KingFisher Flex (Thermofisher) and tested for SARS CoV-2 RNA by real time PCR. For PCR confirmed hospitalised patients (n = 114), early sensitivity was low: <5 days: 44.4% (95%CI: 18.9%-73.3%), 5-9 days: 32.6% (95%CI, 20.5%-47.5%), 10-14 days: 65.2% (95% CI 44.9%-81.2%), 15-20 days: 66.7% (95% CI: 39.1%-86.2%) but by day 20, sensitivity was 100% (95%CI, 86.2-100%).
    keywords: assay; days; pcr; preprint; sars; sensitivity
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        item: #1409 of 5187
          id: cord-277669-uujny2dm
      author: Lumpuy-Castillo, Jairo
       title: Cardiovascular Damage in COVID-19: Therapeutic Approaches Targeting the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System
        date: 2020-09-04
       words: 7451
      flesch: 32
     summary: The Science Underlying COVID-19: Implications for the Cardiovascular System SARS-CoV-2 Receptor ACE2 Is an Interferon-Stimulated Gene in Human Airway Epithelial Cells and Is Detected in Specific Cell Subsets across Tissues A Suspicious Role of Interferon in the Pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 by Enhancing Expression of ACE2 Structural Variations in Human ACE2 May Influence Its Binding With SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein ACE2 Receptor Polymorphism: Susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2, Hypertension, Multi-Organ Failure, and COVID-19 Disease Outcome ACE2 Gene Variants May Underlie Interindividual Variability and Susceptibility to COVID-19 in the Italian Population The Expression and Polymorphism of Entry Machinery for COVID-19 in Human: Juxtaposing Population Groups, Gender, and Different Tissues Molecular Simulation of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Binding to Pangolin ACE2 or Human ACE2 Natural Variants Reveals Altered Susceptibility to Infection Human ACE2 Receptor Polymorphisms Predict SARS-CoV-2 Susceptibility. In addition, the presence of ACE2 receptors on the myocardium provides a theoretical mechanism for direct SARS-CoV-2 infection [23, 54] (Figure 1 ).
    keywords: ace2; ang-(1; angiotensin; cells; cov-2; covid-19; disease; endothelial; hypertension; infection; patients; receptor; sars; system
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        item: #1410 of 5187
          id: cord-277679-sc9hugxr
      author: Khateb, Mohamed
       title: Coronaviruses and Central Nervous System Manifestations
        date: 2020-06-23
       words: 4211
      flesch: 32
     summary: Similarly, the prevalence of psychiatric morbidity at 30 months after SARS infection was reported to reach up to one-third of the total survivors who presented with signs of various psychiatric diagnoses. In another case series of COVID-19 patients with AIS during their hospitalization (27) , all six had risk factors for stroke, and were detected with LVO.
    keywords: acute; cns; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; demyelination; human; infection; patients; sars; syndrome
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        item: #1411 of 5187
          id: cord-277683-9cg90zbo
      author: Panettieri, Reynold A.
       title: Asthma and COVID: What are the Important Questions?
        date: 2020-06-22
       words: 946
      flesch: 36
     summary: Since asthma 72 sufferers tend to be younger than those with other co-morbidities, is age a factor in explaining 73 why asthma patients may not be at greater risk? Surprisingly, limited data exist 46 that severe asthma patients with markedly diminished lung function and receiving monoclonal antibodies are at greater risk than those with less severe disease.
    keywords: asthma; cov-2; covid-19
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        item: #1412 of 5187
          id: cord-277705-6lgt2i7f
      author: Luan, Junwen
       title: A potential inhibitory role for integrin in the receptor targeting of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-04-10
       words: 1152
      flesch: 55
     summary: In current study, we found RGD/KGD motif presents not only in S protein but also in its receptor ACE2. First, we performed sequence analysis of S proteins from SARS-CoV-2 (YP_009724390.1) and SARS-CoV (NP_828851.1).
    keywords: ace2; protein; sars
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        item: #1413 of 5187
          id: cord-277731-thazunob
      author: Smith, Matthew L.
       title: Biosurfactants: A Covid-19 Perspective
        date: 2020-06-09
       words: 4703
      flesch: 30
     summary: key: cord-277731-thazunob authors: Smith, Matthew L.; Gandolfi, Stefano; Coshall, Philippa M.; Rahman, Pattanathu K. S. M. title: Biosurfactants: A Covid-19 Perspective date: 2020-06-09 journal: In this case, the use of biosurfactants in dealing with this pandemic justifies extensive study with their potential applications being in the prevention of viral spread; dealing with the symptoms that develop after the incubation period; directly targeting viral infected cells and preventing the spread of the virus throughout the host, all in addition to also acting as potential drug delivery systems and cleaning agents.
    keywords: applications; biosurfactants; drug; et al; infection; membrane; pandemic; potential; use; virus
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        item: #1414 of 5187
          id: cord-277735-a9gkath5
      author: Leung, Danny Tze Ming
       title: Antibody Response of Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Targets the Viral Nucleocapsid
        date: 2004-07-15
       words: 4032
      flesch: 52
     summary: Recombinant viral antigens. Similar results were obtained when the purified N2 and N3 antigens were used as the inhibitor in the WB analysis ( figure 3A) .
    keywords: antibodies; antigens; elisa; figure; patients; samples; sars; serum; virus
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        item: #1415 of 5187
          id: cord-277739-eb4z3u66
      author: Hu, Ke
       title: Efficacy and Safety of Lianhuaqingwen Capsules, a repurposed Chinese Herb, in Patients with Coronavirus disease 2019: A multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled trial
        date: 2020-05-16
       words: 3673
      flesch: 41
     summary: To determine the safety and efficacy of LH capsule in patients with Covid-19. We did a prospective multicenter open-label randomized controlled trial on LH capsule in confirmed cases with Covid-19.
    keywords: capsules; covid-19; group; patients; rate; recovery; sars; study; treatment
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        item: #1416 of 5187
          id: cord-277759-zbmzjsvs
      author: Wang, Luwen
       title: Coronavirus Disease 19 Infection Does Not Result in Acute Kidney Injury: An Analysis of 116 Hospitalized Patients from Wuhan, China
        date: 2020-03-31
       words: 3254
      flesch: 47
     summary: Data as reported by 16 A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan Clinical management of severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) when COVID-19 disease is suspected: Interim guidance V 1.2 KDIGO clinical practice guidelines for acute kidney injury Optimum methodology for estimating baseline serum creatinine for the acute kidney injury classification. Based on the clinical, pathologic study, and laboratory features of SARS-CoV infection in SARS patients in 2003, the data showed that AKI was uncommon, but carried a formidably high mortality (91.7%, 33 of 36 cases)
    keywords: aki; ckd; covid-19; infection; patients; sars; study; wuhan
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        item: #1417 of 5187
          id: cord-277760-i4xjk61t
      author: Castillo, Andrés E.
       title: Phylogenetic analysis of the first four SARS‐CoV‐2 cases in Chile
        date: 2020-04-08
       words: 1213
      flesch: 51
     summary: We consider 218 full complete genome sequences available in the GISAID platform plus the full genome sequences from the first four Chilean cases. where the presence of the virus was confirmed and with an increasing number of cases. Also, a phylogenetic study was performed with worldwide SARS-CoV-2 sequences and the full genomes from Chilean isolates, to identify their genetic similarity.
    keywords: cases; coronavirus; genome; isolates; sars
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        item: #1418 of 5187
          id: cord-277763-ihg3te63
      author: Moynan, David
       title: The role of healthcare staff COVID-19 screening in infection prevention & control
        date: 2020-06-25
       words: 655
      flesch: 34
     summary: The role of COVID-19 surveillance of asymptomatic HCW has recently been highlighted and may become increasingly pertinent with new infection waves 2,3 . key: cord-277763-ihg3te63 authors: Moynan, David; Cagney, Maura; Dhuthaigh, Aoife Ni; Foley, Margaret; Salter, Aisling; Reidy, Niamh; Reidy, Paul; de Barra, Eoghan; Fitzpatrick, Fidelma title: The role of healthcare staff COVID-19 screening in infection prevention & control date: 2020-06-25 journal: J Infect DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.06.057 sha: doc_id: 277763 cord_uid: ihg3te63 nan The current COVID-19 pandemic presents many unique challenges for occupational health medicine and infection prevention and control (IPC) in hospitals.
    keywords: covid-19; hcw; sars
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        item: #1419 of 5187
          id: cord-277774-kec1o4ys
      author: Wang, Shangqian
       title: The need for urogenital tract monitoring in COVID-19
        date: 2020-04-20
       words: 1532
      flesch: 39
     summary: Patients with severe disease predominantly present with pneumonia-related symptoms. In December 2019, a series of patients with symptoms resembling viral pneumonia presented in Wuhan, Hubei province, China; however, the cause of this disease was unknown and it spread rapidly throughout China.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; patients; sars
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        item: #1420 of 5187
          id: cord-277796-9ddi0mm9
      author: Cheng, Hao
       title: Organ‐protective effect of angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 and its effect on the prognosis of COVID‐19
        date: 2020-04-05
       words: 2299
      flesch: 36
     summary: Because of these protective effects of ACE2 on chronic underlying diseases and ARDS, the development of spike protein‐based vaccine and drugs enhancing ACE2 activity may become one of the most promising approaches for the treatment of COVID‐19 in the future. However, ACEIs do not directly affect ACE2 activity.
    keywords: ace2; angiotensin; covid-19; enzyme; patients; sars
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        item: #1421 of 5187
          id: cord-277812-4cz2hziz
      author: Sieni, Elena
       title: Favourable outcome of coronavirus disease 2019 in a 1‐year‐old girl with acute myeloid leukaemia and severe treatment‐induced immunosuppression
        date: 2020-05-19
       words: 1349
      flesch: 39
     summary: Epidemiology of COVID-19 among children in China Flash survey on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infections in paediatric patients on anticancer treatment COVID-19) -Infection Nevertheless, the management of COVID-19 in young patients with comorbidities, particularly cancer, remains a challenge for the clinician; further data are required to optimize the clinical approach to these cases.
    keywords: covid-19; day; disease; sars
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        item: #1422 of 5187
          id: cord-277816-ncdy9qgb
      author: Wang, Ji-gan
       title: Gastrointestinal symptoms and fecal nucleic acid testing of children with 2019 coronavirus disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
        date: 2020-10-20
       words: 3604
      flesch: 39
     summary: Although gastrointestinal symptoms are often ignored, in children with diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and other gastrointestinal symptoms accompanied by a low fever, attention should be paid to their epidemiological history with screening of suspected patients. The positive rate of fecal nucleic acid testing in COVID-19 children was relatively high at 85.8% (91/106).
    keywords: children; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; nucleic; patients; sars; symptoms
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        item: #1423 of 5187
          id: cord-277830-6fsz9iy7
      author: Saikatendu, Kumar Singh
       title: Structural Basis of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus ADP-Ribose-1″-Phosphate Dephosphorylation by a Conserved Domain of nsP3
        date: 2005-11-08
       words: 6571
      flesch: 46
     summary: One of its sequence homologs, Poa1p (YBR022) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, was recently functionally characterized as a highly specific phosphatase that removes the 1 00 phosphate group of ADP-ribose-1 00 -phosphate (Appr-1 00 -p) in the latter half of the tRNA splicing pathway in yeast (Shull et al., 2005) , hinting at a similar substrate specificity for SARS ADRP. (L-SIGN) is a receptor for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Improved methods for building protein models in electron density maps and the location of errors in these models A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2: a functional receptor for SARS coronavirus Structure and mechanism of ADP-ribose-1 00 -monophosphatase (Appr-1 00 -pase), a ubiquitous cellular processing enzyme Coronaviruses Automated refinement for protein crystallography Emergence of epidemic O'nyong-nyong fever in Uganda after a 35-year absence: genetic characterization of the virus PROCHECK: a program to check the stereochemical quality of protein structures Structural genomics of the Thermotoga maritima proteome implemented in a high-throughput structure determination pipeline SMART 4.0: towards genomic data integration Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus A biochemical genomics approach for identifying genes by the activity of their products A highly specific phosphatase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae implicated in tRNA splicing Peptidase activity of Escherichia coli aminopeptidase
    keywords: adp; adrp; conserved; domain; et al; figure; nsp3; phosphate; protein; residues; ribose; rna; sars; site; structure; yeast
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        item: #1424 of 5187
          id: cord-277841-7sp8ftbc
      author: Kumari, Pratibha
       title: Potential diagnostics and therapeutic approaches in COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-12
       words: 4881
      flesch: 40
     summary: While the level of E gene confirms the presence of SARS related virus. Like most immunological diagnostic protocols, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) for COVID-19 detection uses IgM and IgG antibody against nucleocapsid (N) and receptor binding domain spike proteins (S) of SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: clinical; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; detection; diagnosis; infection; novel; patients; rna; sars; test; treatment; virus
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        item: #1425 of 5187
          id: cord-277860-vzyrcmu4
      author: Pizzorno, Andrés
       title: In vitro evaluation of antiviral activity of single and combined repurposable drugs against SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-07-15
       words: 965
      flesch: 15
     summary: In vitro evaluation of antiviral activity of single and combined repurposable drugs against SARS-CoV-2 date: 2020-07-15 journal: Antiviral Res DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104878 sha: doc_id: 277860 cord_uid: vzyrcmu4 In vitro evaluation of antiviral activity of single and combined repurposable drugs 1 against SARS-CoV-2 2 3 Authors: Andrés Pizzorno a , Blandine Padey a,b , Julia Dubois a , Thomas Julien a,c , Aurélien 4 Traversier a , Victoria Dulière a,c , Pauline Brun a,c , Bruno Lina a,d , Manuel Rosa-Calatrava a,c* † , 5 Olivier Terrier a* † 6 7 Author affiliations:
    keywords: antiviral; remdesivir; sars
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        item: #1426 of 5187
          id: cord-277870-o79wph9r
      author: Han, Yanqiang
       title: Potential inhibitors for the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2)
        date: 2020-09-18
       words: 3820
      flesch: 39
     summary: In addition, from Table 1 , the enthalpy and binding free energy of the newly proposed inhibitor 13b are higher than those of all selected clinically approved drug molecules, indicating the strongest binding affinity of 13b with 3CL Mpro. Then, according to the sorting of binding energy of ligand and protein, the structure with the lowest binding energy was selected for MD simulation.
    keywords: 13b; 3cl; binding; chloroquine; cov-2; energy; ligand; mpro; protein; sars
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        item: #1427 of 5187
          id: cord-277873-4819g00y
      author: Matson, M. Jeremiah
       title: Effect of Environmental Conditions on SARS-CoV-2 Stability in Human Nasal Mucus and Sputum
        date: 2020-09-17
       words: 1419
      flesch: 42
     summary: In surface sputum, SARS-CoV-2 t 1/2 also was significantly longer at 4°C/40% RH than at 21°C/40% RH (p = 0.0042) and In addition, SARS-CoV-2 t 1/2 was significantly longer at 21°C/40% RH than 27°C/85% RH (p = 0.0027) in surface sputum.
    keywords: cov-2; sars
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        item: #1428 of 5187
          id: cord-277874-cr53ycrm
      author: Neault, N.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 Protein in Wastewater Mirrors COVID-19 Prevalence.
        date: 2020-09-03
       words: 7086
      flesch: 39
     summary: Ultimately, determining to what extent wastewater viral protein can serve as a prevalence leading indicator will require a longer study with more frequent sampling over rising and falling community prevalence in order to assess robustly. Moreover, the PEG precipitated influent solid viral RNA signal when detected did not correlate with viral RNA signal from PEG precipitated primary sludge, viral protein signal, or public health data (data not shown).
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; influent; license; medrxiv; preprint; primary; protein; rna; samples; sars; signal; sludge; viral; wastewater
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        item: #1429 of 5187
          id: cord-277889-8u685f45
      author: Costela-Ruiz, Víctor J.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 infection: the role of cytokines in COVID-19 disease
        date: 2020-06-02
       words: 9237
      flesch: 42
     summary: With respect to viral infections that target the respiratory system, Bot et al. observed that its expression during infection with an influenza virus had negative effects on CD8 + memory T cells [71] .Various studies of COVID-19 patients have detected elevated IL-4 levels as part of the cytokine storm associated with severe respiratory symptoms [16, 17, 43, 72] . f a subunit of the murine GM-CSF receptor A human high affinity interleukin-5 receptor (IL5R) is composed of an IL5-specific alpha chain and a beta chain shared with the receptor for GM-CSF Molecular analysis of the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor Alveolar macrophages develop from fetal monocytes that differentiate into long-lived cells in the first week of life via GM-CSF Induction of the nuclear receptor PPAR-γ by the cytokine GM-CSF is critical for the differentiation of fetal monocytes into alveolar macrophages Studies on the bone marrow colony stimulating factor (CSF): relation of tissue CSF to serum CSF IL-4, IL-5, and granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor, in allergen-induced late-phase cutaneous reactions in atopic subjects Pivotal roles of GM-CSF in autoimmunity and inflammation IP-10 in autoimmune thyroiditis TRAIL and IP-10 as biomarkers of viral infections in the emergency J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f department Interferon gamma in autoimmunity: A complicated player on a complex stage MERS-CoV infection in humans is associated with a pro-inflammatory Th1 and Th17 cytokine profile Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1): an overview Hypothesis for potential pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection-a review of immune changes in patients with viral pneumonia Transcriptomic characteristics of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and peripheral blood mononuclear cells in COVID-19 patients Targeting TNF and TNF Receptor Pathway in HIV-1 Infection: from Immune Activation to Viral Reservoirs COVID-19:
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; csf; cytokines; disease; factor; il-10; il-6; infection; levels; lung; patients; sars; study
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        item: #1430 of 5187
          id: cord-277907-x6387i7b
      author: Tham, Sai Meng
       title: Four Patients with COVID-19 and Tuberculosis, Singapore, April–May 2020
        date: 2020-11-17
       words: 932
      flesch: 44
     summary: The IGRA for TB result was positive. All 4 patients were workers who resided in dormitories and had COVID-19 but atypical radiographic features; typical radiographic features for COVID-19 patients include ground-glass opacities, multifocal patchy consolidation, and peripheral interstitial changes (3).
    keywords: covid-19; fluid
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        item: #1431 of 5187
          id: cord-277911-x916hsg6
      author: Wu, Di
       title: Coinfection of Influenza Virus and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2)
        date: 2020-04-13
       words: 616
      flesch: 47
     summary: 3 During the SARS pandemic in 2003, Yang et al 4 found that the patients with fever, cough or sore throat had a 5% of influenza virus positive rate, and with SARS infection reportedly increasing at the meantime. However, despite the concern focused on SARS-CoV-2, influenza virus continues to circulate and cause disease.
    keywords: influenza; sars
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        item: #1432 of 5187
          id: cord-278045-hr3r17mz
      author: Yokota, Isao
       title: Mass screening of asymptomatic persons for SARS-CoV-2 using saliva
        date: 2020-09-25
       words: 2276
      flesch: 40
     summary: Saliva samples were self-collected in a sterilized 15mL polystyrene sputum collection tube (Toyo Kizai, Warabi, Japan) at partitioned booth. Previous studies comparing the viral load between NPS and saliva samples report Investigation of a COVID-19 outbreak in Germany resulting from a single travel-associated primary case: a case series Presumed Asymptomatic Carrier Transmission of COVID-19 The implications of silent transmission for the control of COVID-19 outbreaks The promise and peril of antibody testing for COVID-19 Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Different Types of Clinical Specimens Comparison of nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs for SARS-CoV-2 detection in 353 patients received tests with both specimens simultaneously Consistent detection of 2019 novel coronavirus in saliva Saliva is a reliable tool to detect SARS-CoV-2 Saliva as a Noninvasive Specimen for Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Swabs collected by patients or health care workers for SARS-CoV-2 testing Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 detection in nasopharyngeal swab and saliva Clinical evaluation of self-collected saliva by RT-qPCR, direct RT-qPCR, RT-LAMP, and a rapid antigen test to diagnose COVID-19 Loop-mediated isothermal amplification of DNA Development of Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assays
    keywords: asymptomatic; detection; nps; pcr; saliva; sars
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        item: #1433 of 5187
          id: cord-278050-wl83d6gs
      author: Morgenstern, Birgit
       title: Ribavirin and interferon-β synergistically inhibit SARS-associated coronavirus replication in animal and human cell lines
        date: 2005-01-28
       words: 2405
      flesch: 46
     summary: Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Ribavirin in the treatment of SARS: a new trick for an old drug? Glycyrrhizin, an active component of liquorice roots, and replication of SARS-associated coronavirus Severe acute respiratory syndrome related coronavirus is inhibited by interferon alpha In vitro susceptibility of 10 clinical isolates of SARS coronavirus to selected antiviral compounds HKU/UCH SARS Study Group, role of lopinavir/ritonavir in the treatment of SARS: initial virological and clinical findings Role of interferons in the treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome Treatment of SARS with human interferons Inhibition of SARS coronavirus infection in vitro with clinically approved antiviral drugs Interferon alfacon-1 plus corticosteroids in severe acute respiratory syndrome: a preliminary study Safety of interferon beta treatment for chronic HCV hepatitis Isolation of proximal and distal tubule cells from human kidney by immunomagnetic separation Quantitative analysis of dose effect relationship: the combined effects of multiple drugs or enzyme inhibitors Retroviral vectors pseudotypes with acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus S protein Severe acute respiratory syndrome: scientific and anecdotal evidence for drug treatment NTU) College of Medicine/NTU Hospital, temporal relationship of viral load, ribavirin, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and clinical progression in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Ribavirin (1-b-D D-ribofuranosyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide), a synthetic guanosine analogue and broad-spectrum inhibitor of RNA and DNA viruses, was frequently used for treatment of SARS patients [2] .
    keywords: cells; cov; ifn; replication; ribavirin; sars
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        item: #1434 of 5187
          id: cord-278055-v2ed3tei
      author: Sia, Sin Fun
       title: Pathogenesis and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in golden Syrian hamsters
        date: 2020-05-14
       words: 5406
      flesch: 50
     summary: Contact hamsters showed the maximal mean weight loss (mean ± SD, −10.68 ± 3.42%, N=3) on 6 dpc; all animals returned to the original weight after 11 dpc (Fig. 2d) . c, Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 to naïve hamsters (N=3) that were each co-housed with one inoculated donor on 1 dpi; infectious viral load and viral RNA copy numbers detected in the nasal washes of contact hamsters were shown.
    keywords: cells; contact; cov-2; donor; dpi; fig; hamsters; nasal; rna; sars; virus
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        item: #1435 of 5187
          id: cord-278093-0twnkv93
      author: Perveen, Shagufta
       title: Coronavirus nCOVID-19: A Pandemic Disease and the Saudi precautions
        date: 2020-06-18
       words: 3157
      flesch: 52
     summary: nCOVID-19 is the name of a new respiratory disease, abbreviated from coronavirus disease 2019, while n stand for new or novel and the causative agent of this disease is Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (nCOVID-19). Asymptomatic carrier state, acute respiratory disease, and pneumonia due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): Facts and myths Coronaviruses: Important Emerging Human Pathogens A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China Homologous recombination within the spike glycoprotein of the newly identified coronavirus may boost cross-species transmission from snake to human Host and infectivity prediction of Wuhan 2019 novel coronavirus using deep learning algorithm SARS:
    keywords: cases; coronavirus; disease; health; ncovid-19; saudi; spread; virus
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        item: #1436 of 5187
          id: cord-278106-ev1nx60h
      author: Cancarevic, Ivan
       title: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Cancer Patients
        date: 2020-04-26
       words: 2480
      flesch: 46
     summary: Cancer patients have weaker immune systems compared to the general population, both due to the disease itself as well as the treatment. As such, morbidity and mortality of any serious infections would be expected to be high among cancer patients.
    keywords: cancer; cov-2; covid-19; patients; sars
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        item: #1437 of 5187
          id: cord-278123-mq56em3z
      author: Hasan, Mohammad Rubayet
       title: Detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA by direct RT-qPCR on nasopharyngeal specimens without extraction of viral RNA
        date: 2020-07-24
       words: 3941
      flesch: 45
     summary: RNA extraction is preferable to the use of direct specimens because the extraction process concentrates and purifies the RNA targets and excludes PCR inhibitory substances. This could potentially be due to interfering substances concentrated by the SARS-CoV-2 detection by RT-qPCR without RNA extraction extraction process.
    keywords: approach; cov-2; qpcr; rna; sars; specimens; standard
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        item: #1438 of 5187
          id: cord-278129-bpuyrsza
      author: De Haan, Cornelis A. M.
       title: Hosting the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus: specific cell factors required for infection
        date: 2006-06-27
       words: 4486
      flesch: 32
     summary: Whether cathepsin L (-like) cleavage is essential for the activation of S proteins of coronaviruses in general or, for instance, just for those not processed by furin enzymes has yet to be established. Once the replication-transcription complexes are formed, coronaviral RNA replication and transcription not only involves viral proteins, but also several cellular proteins.
    keywords: cell; coronavirus; cov; et al; protein; replication; sars; syndrome
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        item: #1439 of 5187
          id: cord-278169-elhz77ek
      author: Zhou, Dapeng
       title: Identification of 22 N-glycosites on spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 and accessible surface glycopeptide motifs: implications for vaccination and antibody therapeutics
        date: 2020-06-10
       words: 4223
      flesch: 40
     summary: We further analyzed the surface accessibility of spike proteins according to cryogenic electron microscopy and homolog-modeled structures, and available antibodies that bind to SARS-CoV-1. Several antibodies targeting spike proteins of SARS-CoV-1 have shown promising efficacy in preclinical trials (Berry et al. 2010 , Bian et al. 2009 , Greenough et al. 2005 ,
    keywords: binding; cov-1; domain; et al; glycosylation; protein; receptor; sars; spike
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        item: #1440 of 5187
          id: cord-278176-o9glkhyv
      author: Houng, Huo-Shu H
       title: Development and evaluation of an efficient 3′-noncoding region based SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) RT-PCR assay for detection of SARS-CoV infections
        date: 2004-09-01
       words: 4788
      flesch: 45
     summary: Detection of yellow fever virus: a comparison of quantitative real-time PCR and plaque assay Clinical features and short-term outcomes of 144 patients with SARS in the greater Toronto area CDC update: outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome-worldwide Severe acute respiratory syndrome-Singapore A simple micro-culture method for the study of group B arboviruses Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Quantitative RT-PCR: pitfalls and potential Detection of specific polymerase chain reaction product by utilizing the 5 -3 exonuclease activity of Thermus aquaticus DNA polymerase Quantitative detection of dengue 2 virus using fluorogenic RT-PCR based on 3 -noncoding sequence Development of a fluorogenic RT-PCR system for quantitative identification of dengue virus serotypes 1-4 using conserved and serotype-specific 3 -noncoding sequences The SARS working group Coronavirus confirmed as cause of SARS A major outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Dengue virus structural differences that correlate with pathogenesis Transmission dynamics and control of severe acute respiratory syndrome Real-time PCR in virology Molecular and in vitro analysis of eight dengue type 2 viruses isolated from patients exhibiting different disease severities The Genome Sequence of the SARS-associated Coronavirus Epidemic spread of adenovirus type 4-associated acute respiratory disease between US Army installations Theoretical uncertainty of measurements using quantitative polymerase chain reaction Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Clinical progression and viral load in a community outbreak of coronavirus-associated SARS pneumonia: a prospective study Detection of SARS coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome by conventional and real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR assays Early diagnosis of SARS coronavirus infection by real-time RT-PCR A plaque technique for the titration of yellow fever virus and antisera Transmission dynamics of the etiological agent of SARS in Hong Kong: impact of public health interventions Comparative full-length genome sequence analysis of 14 SARS coronavirus isolates and common mutations associated with putative origins of infection A single nucleotide change in the E protein gene of dengue virus 2 Mexican strain affects neurovirulence in mice Effectiveness of precautions against droplets and contact in prevention of nosocomial transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) SARS-CoV could be isolated and cultivated from sputum specimens and respiratory secretions of SARS patients using Vero cell cultures before the appearance of SARS-specific antibodies in serum, average 21 days following exposure (Peiris et al., 2003b; Booth et al., 2003) .
    keywords: assay; cdna; cov; patients; pcr; pfu; sars; study
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        item: #1441 of 5187
          id: cord-278182-75u57fw1
      author: Goh, Gerard Kian-Meng
       title: Shell disorder analysis predicts greater resilience of the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) outside the body and in body fluids
        date: 2020-03-31
       words: 4617
      flesch: 53
     summary: WHO, Novel coronavirus Rigidity of outer shell predicted by protein disorder model sheds light on COVID-19(Wuhan-2019-nCoV) infectivity Evolutionary history, potential intermediate animal host, and cross-species analyses of SARS-CoV-2 A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Understanding viral transmission behavior via protein intrinsic disorder prediction: Coronaviruses Viral Shapeshifters: Strange Behavoirs of Hiv and Other Viruses, Simplicity Research Institute Prediction of intrinsic disorder in MERS-CoV/ HCoV-EMC supports a high oral-fecal transmission WHO, Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Identification of MERS-CoV in dromedary camels Intrinsically unstructured proteins Why are natively unfolded proteins unstructured under the physiological conditions? Intrinsically unstructured proteins: Re-assessing the protein structure-paradigm Predicting protein disorder for N-, C-, and internal regions Predicting binding regions within disordered proteins Sequence complexity of disordered protein Mining alpha-helix-forming molecular recognition features with cross species sequence alignments Coupled folding and binding with alpha-helix-forming molecular recognition elements Viral disorder or disordered viruses: do viral proteins possess unique features? The N protein is also important for our model, as it has been shown that greater disorder in the inner shell is associated with the mode of infection and virulence in other viruses
    keywords: cov; cov-2; pid; protein; sars; transmission; virus; viruses
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        item: #1442 of 5187
          id: cord-278225-d0gxb6bx
      author: Meng, Yifan
       title: Value and Challenges: Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests for SARS–CoV-2 in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients
        date: 2020-04-30
       words: 901
      flesch: 48
     summary: The clinical sampling frequency for inpatients with COVID-19 should be Viral dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 across a spectrum of disease severity in COVID-19 Report from the American Society for Value of Diagnostic Testing for SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China COVID-19) Stability issues of RT-PCR testing of SARS-CoV-2 for hospitalized patients clinically diagnosed with COVID-19 Potential false-negative nucleic acid testing results for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 from thermal inactivation of samples with low viral loads We would like to show our great respect to all the workers and volunteers in the fight against COVID-19, especially to the medical workers who work with the authors on the frontline. It has been emphasized that diagnostic testing for SARS-CoV-2 was an especially important tool in the diagnosis and management of patients with COVID-19.
    keywords: covid-19; patients; sars
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        item: #1443 of 5187
          id: cord-278238-w1l8h8g8
      author: Okba, Nisreen MA
       title: Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus vaccines: current status and novel approaches
        date: 2017-04-13
       words: 5103
      flesch: 33
     summary: key: cord-278238-w1l8h8g8 authors: Okba, Nisreen MA; Raj, V Stalin; Haagmans, Bart L title: Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus vaccines: current status and novel approaches date: 2017-04-13 journal: Curr Opin Virol DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2017.03.007 sha: doc_id: 278238 cord_uid: w1l8h8g8 Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a cause of severe respiratory infection in humans, specifically the elderly and people with comorbidities. Noteworthy to mention is Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus vaccines: current status and novel approaches Okba, Raj and Haagmans 51 Ad/hDPP4-mice, mice transduced with hDPP4 in an adenoviral vector; alum, aluminum hydroxide; E, envelope protein; hDPP4, human dipeptidyl peptidase 4; i.m., intramuscular; i.n., intranasal; M, matrix protein; MERS-CoV, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus; Nab, neutralizing antibodies; ND, not done; NHP, non-human primate; rNTD, recombinant N-terminal domain; RBD, receptor-binding domain; rRBD, recombinant RBD; RBD-Fc, RBD fused to the antibody crystallizable fragment of human IgG; S, spike protein; S1, S1 domain of spike protein; S367-606, amino acid residues 367-606 of the S protein; S736-761-KLH, peptide S736-761 coupled to keyhole limpet haemocyanin; s.c., subcutaneous; VLPs, Virus-like particles; a i.m.;alum/CpG ODN produced higher neutralizing antibody responses than s.c.; IFA/CpG ODN.
    keywords: cell; coronavirus; cov; east; infection; mers; middle; neutralizing; responses; syndrome; vaccine
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        item: #1444 of 5187
          id: cord-278249-vvhq9vgp
      author: Blot, Mathieu
       title: CXCL10 could drive longer duration of mechanical ventilation during COVID-19 ARDS
        date: 2020-11-02
       words: 6261
      flesch: 38
     summary: COVID-19 ARDS patients required mechanical ventilation (MV) for significantly longer, even after adjustment for potential confounders. It should be evaluated as a candidate biomarker that may predict the duration of MV in COVID-19 ARDS patients.
    keywords: ards; ards patients; concentrations; covid-19; covid-19 ards; csf; cxcl10; cytokine; dna; elf; immune; non; patients; plasma; sars
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        item: #1445 of 5187
          id: cord-278256-dmrtsxik
      author: Qiu, Haiyan
       title: Clinical and epidemiological features of 36 children with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Zhejiang, China: an observational cohort study
        date: 2020-03-25
       words: 3460
      flesch: 47
     summary: Fewer children with COVID-19 had obvious symptoms compared with adult patients with COVID-19 and paediatric patients with H1N1 influenza described in previous studies. The comparison of paediatric patients with COVID-19 with adult patients with COVID-19 in the same city (table 3) showed that paediatric patients had a significantly lower prevalence of abnormal values of several variables indicating disease severity, such as fever (36% for children and 86% for adults), cough (19% and 62%), pneumonia (53% and 95%), elevated C-reactive protein (3% and 49%), and severe disease type (0% and 23%; p<0·0001 for all features).
    keywords: children; coronavirus; covid-19; fever; patients; pneumonia; sars
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        item: #1446 of 5187
          id: cord-278260-3o91v72a
      author: Halstead, Scott B
       title: COVID 19 Vaccines: Should we fear ADE?
        date: 2020-08-12
       words: 2334
      flesch: 31
     summary: I. Clinical and physiologic manifestations of dengue hemorrhagic fever in Thailand Immunologic enhancement of dengue virus replication In vivo enhancement of dengue virus infection in Rhesus monkeys by passively transferred antibody Pathologic highlights of dengue hemorrhagic fever in 13 autopsy cases from Myanmar The Good, the Bad, and the Shocking: The Multiple Roles of Dengue Virus Nonstructural Protein 1 in Protection and Pathogenesis Association of Endothelial Glycocalyx and Tight and Adherens Junctions with Severity of Plasma Leakage in Dengue Infection Dengue virus NS1 cytokine-independent vascular leak is dependent on endothelial glycocalyx components Dengue in Vietnamese infants--results of infectionenhancement assays correlate with age-related disease epidemiology, and cellular immune responses correlate with disease severity A T164S mutation in the dengue virus NS1 protein is associated with greater disease severity in mice Pathogenesis of feline infectious peritonitis: nature and development of viremia Atypical measles in children previously immunized with inactivated measles virus vaccines Field evaluation of a respiratory syncytial virus vaccine and a trivalent parainfluenza virus vaccine in a pediatric population Production of atypical measles in rhesus macaques: evidence for disease mediated by immune complex formation and eosinophils in the presence of fusion-inhibiting antibody Immunization with SARS coronavirus vaccines leads to pulmonary immunopathology on challenge with the SARS virus A double-inactivated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus vaccine provides incomplete protection in mice and induces increased eosinophilic proinflammatory pulmonary response upon challenge Antibody-dependent SARS coronavirus infection is mediated by antibodies against spike proteins Anti-SARS-CoV IgG response in relation to disease severity of severe acute respiratory syndrome Anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike antibodies trigger infection of human immune cells via a pH-and cysteine protease-independent FcgammaR pathway Risk factors in dengue shock syndrome: a prospective epidemiologic study in Rayong, Thailand.
    keywords: antibody; dengue; disease; infection; sars; vaccine; virus
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        item: #1447 of 5187
          id: cord-278271-rpq62xhl
      author: Lyu, Jinglu
       title: Reflection on lower rates of COVID-19 in children: does childhood immunizations offer unexpected protection?
        date: 2020-05-15
       words: 4649
      flesch: 38
     summary: Eleven T and B lymphocyte tests were used to analyze the changes of specific immune cells. Immune cells are able to clear the pathogen without causing a severe inflammatory response, resulting in covert infection or mild to moderate symptoms with short course, which is called immune fitness (41) .The severity of the infection is not necessarily related to the load of infection, but rather to host fitness, the balance between killing the pathogen and tolerance.
    keywords: cases; cells; children; coronavirus; covid-19; immune; immunity; infection; patients; response; sars
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        item: #1448 of 5187
          id: cord-278325-ykcd7d59
      author: Cheung, Carmen Ka Man
       title: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Haematologist's Perspective
        date: 2020-07-28
       words: 7682
      flesch: 35
     summary: Thrombocytopenia, coagulation abnormalities, and disseminated intravascular coagulation were observed in COVID-19 patients, especially those with critical illness and non-survivors. [45] evaluated lymphocyte subsets in 103 patients, which revealed that CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T cells and NK cells were significantly decreased in COVID-19 patients with a more severe decrease in CD8+ T cells compared with CD4+ T cells.
    keywords: admission; blood; cells; clinical; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; lymphocyte; non; patients; platelet; risk; sars; study; treatment
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        item: #1449 of 5187
          id: cord-278362-pwi48i20
      author: Khan, Abbas
       title: Combined drug repurposing and virtual screening strategies with molecular dynamics simulation identified potent inhibitors for SARS-CoV-2 main protease (3CLpro)
        date: 2020-06-18
       words: 5144
      flesch: 49
     summary: A total of 31 FDA approved anti-HIV drugs, and Traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) database were screened to find potential inhibitors. Literature mining was carried out to collect anti-HIV drugs for screening against 3CLpro (SARS-COV-2).
    keywords: 3clpro; binding; compounds; coronavirus; cov-2; drugs; energy; hiv; residues; sars
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        item: #1450 of 5187
          id: cord-278370-fuu20ae7
      author: Palao, M.
       title: Multiple Sclerosis following SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-07-07
       words: 1547
      flesch: 39
     summary: Our own experience along with the animal models described earlier, reinforce the idea of SARS-CoV-2, as with other viral infections, being a trigger of neurological autoimmunity. In our case, the patient presented symptoms attributed to COVID-19 infection (anosmia and dysgeusia) prior to the visual manifestations.
    keywords: covid-19; infection; patient; sars
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        item: #1451 of 5187
          id: cord-278406-n5e3a09i
      author: Macauley, Precious
       title: CORTICOSTEROIDS IN THE TREATMENT OF SEVERE COVID-19 LUNG DISEASE: THE PULMONOLOGY PERSPECTIVE FROM THE FIRST UNITED STATES EPICENTER
        date: 2020-08-21
       words: 1495
      flesch: 15
     summary: While caring for scores of severe COVID-19 lung disease patients and repeatedly witnessing a striking clinicoradiographic response to pulse corticosteroids, we were disheartened by the initial negativity towards corticosteroids expressed by, among others, our infectious disease colleagues (Massachusetts General Hospital, 2020; the use of corticosteroids in pulmonary medicine, including at pulse dose, for certain diffuse lung diseases, a practice that is readily applied even to novel entities such as e-cigarette or vaping product-use associated lung injury (EVALI) that lack any evidence base (Layden et al, 2020) . It is worth considering that corticosteroids were administered based on clinicians' discretion a median of three days into ICU stay at a median dose in methylprednisolone equivalents of 60mg, very different from the one gram of methylprednisolone starting on the day of ICU arrival and continued for three days that has been our practice with severe COVID-19 lung disease.
    keywords: acute; covid-19; disease; lung; syndrome
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        item: #1452 of 5187
          id: cord-278440-vti6xp9v
      author: Paraiso, Ines L
       title: Potential use of polyphenols in the battle against COVID-19
        date: 2020-09-09
       words: 2342
      flesch: 37
     summary: An in silico strategy unveils a hope against CORONA Structure of Mpro from SARS-CoV-2 and discovery of its inhibitors The SARS-CoV-2 main protease as drug target Diarylheptanoids from Alnus japonica inhibit papain-like protease of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus A: An investigation into the identification of potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 main protease using molecular docking study This study screened a total of 33 molecules using a blind molecular docking approach to identify possible inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease Tanshinones as selective and slow-binding inhibitors for SARS-CoV cysteine proteases Papain-like protease (PLpro) inhibitory effects of cinnamic amides from Tribulus terrestris fruits Chalcones isolated from Angelica keiskei inhibit cysteine proteases of SARS-CoV Phenolic phytochemical displaying SARS-CoV papain-like protease inhibition from the seeds of Psoralea corylifolia Evaluation of polyphenols from Broussonetia papyrifera as coronavirus protease inhibitors Flavonoid-mediated inhibition of SARS coronavirus 3C-like protease expressed in Pichia pastoris Evaluation of green tea polyphenols as novel corona virus (SARS CoV-2) main protease (Mpro) inhibitors -an in silico docking and molecular dynamics simulation study Mechanism of inhibition of Ebola virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase by remdesivir Effective inhibition of MERS-CoV infection by resveratrol This study is the first to demonstrate that resveratrol is a potent anti-MERS agent in vitro Candidate drugs against SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Indomethacin and resveratrol as potential treatment adjuncts for SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 Plant-derived natural polyphenols as potential antiviral drugs against SARS-CoV-2 via RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) inhibition: An in-silico analysis Reducing mortality from 2019-nCoV: host-directed therapies should be an option IL-6 The newly emerged SARS-like coronavirus HCoV-EMC also has an Achilles' heel: current effective inhibitor targeting a 3C-like protease Structure-based design of antiviral drug candidates targeting the SARS-CoV-2 main protease Identification of potent COVID-19 main protease (Mpro) inhibitors from natural polyphenols:
    keywords: ace2; cov-2; covid-19; polyphenols; potential; pro; protease; sars
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        item: #1453 of 5187
          id: cord-278453-ogbmaw3o
      author: Spiller, Tobias R.
       title: Development of health care workers' mental health during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Switzerland: two cross-sectional studies
        date: 2020-08-13
       words: 1504
      flesch: 47
     summary: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic poses a significant challenge to health care workers (HCWs) all around the globe, affecting their workload and mental health (Ayanian, 2020; Kisely et al., 2020) . [Computer software Occurrence, prevention, and management of the psychological effects of emerging virus outbreaks on healthcare workers: Rapid review and meta-analysis The PHQ-9: Validity of a brief depression severity measure Factors associated with mental health outcomes among health care workers exposed to coronavirus disease 2019 Monitoring depression treatment outcomes with the patient health questionnaire-9 Relationships between multiple variables for two matched samples of 812 HCWs each at T1 and T2.
    keywords: health; hours; pandemic; working
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        item: #1454 of 5187
          id: cord-278457-yrm5hi3v
      author: Sung, Heungsup
       title: Nationwide External Quality Assessment of SARS-CoV-2 Molecular Testing, South Korea
        date: 2020-10-17
       words: 3753
      flesch: 40
     summary: Because the lower respiratory tract sample with the highest dilution (nCoV-2041) showed 78.8% (93/118) agreement compared with the expected results, lower respiratory tract sample results were excluded from the final analysis. Dilution matrices were established by using pooled nasopharyngeal aspirates, to represent upper respiratory tract samples, and pooled sputum or bronchoalveolar lavage fluids, to represent lower respiratory tract samples.
    keywords: cov-2; eqa; kit; laboratories; ncov; results; samples; sars
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        item: #1455 of 5187
          id: cord-278467-c0jw9dkw
      author: Tulchinsky, Mark
       title: The American College of Nuclear Medicine Guidance on Operating Procedures for a Nuclear Medicine Facility During COVID-19 Pandemic
        date: 2020-05-01
       words: 2108
      flesch: 38
     summary: 3. Provide to the patient and/or guardian as much information as possible by phone in advance of arrival to an NMF, including screening questions for COVID-19 risk and explanation of the test or therapy to be performed, in order to minimize the time spent in close in-person contact. The British Nuclear Medicine Society Guidance and best practices for nuclear cardiology laboratories during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic: an information Statement from ASNC and SNMMI How imaging should properly be used in COVID-19 outbreak: an Italian experience Radiology department preparedness for COVID-19: radiology scientific expert panel A rapid advice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infected pneumonia (standard version)
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; medicine; patients; sars
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        item: #1456 of 5187
          id: cord-278491-cnqxsno8
      author: Wang, K.
       title: Longitudinal dynamics of the neutralizing antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-07-17
       words: 3157
      flesch: 50
     summary: Moreover, a SARS-CoV antigen-specific memory B cell response was not detectable in recovered SARS patients at 6-years after disease onset, whereas SARS-CoV-specific memory T cells persisted in recovered SARS patients. Currently, adaptive immunotherapy using convalescent plasma (CP) from recovered COVID-19 patients is being employed as a potential therapeutic approach to confer antiviral protection.
    keywords: cov-2; license; medrxiv; nab; patients; preprint; sars
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        item: #1457 of 5187
          id: cord-278509-k62bsk9b
      author: Manikandan, Natesan
       title: Are social distancing, hand washing and wearing masks can mitigate the transmission of COVID-19?
        date: 2020-09-12
       words: 590
      flesch: 35
     summary: Going global -Travel and the 2019 novel corona virus Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China Two metres or one: what is the evidence for physical distancing in covid-19? Interventions to mitigate early spread of SARS-CoV-2 in Singapore: a modelling study Evaluating the effectiveness of social distancing interventions to delay or flatten the epidemic curve of coronavirus disease Non pharmaceutical measures for pandemic influenza in non healthcare settingspersonal protective and environmental measures Absence of Apparent Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from Two Stylists After Exposure at a Hair Salon with a Universal Face Covering Policy DOI Factors Associated with Cloth Face Covering Use Among Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic -United States SARS-CoV-2 viral load in upper respiratory specimens of infected patients The role of community-wide wearing of face mask for control of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic due to SARS-CoV-2 Impact of self-imposed prevention measures and short-term governmentimposed social distancing on mitigating and delaying a COVID-19 epidemic: A modelling study Can self-imposed prevention measures mitigate the COVID-19 epidemic Solidarity clinical trial for COVID-19 treatments Update on treatments and vaccines against COVID-19 under development A report from the United States suggested that social distancing interventions can give communities vital time to mitigate the spread of COVID-19 pandemic.
    keywords: covid-19; distancing
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        item: #1458 of 5187
          id: cord-278522-e4qa19o6
      author: Park, Se Yoon
       title: Persistent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 detection after resolution of coronavirus disease 2019-associated symptoms/signs
        date: 2020-06-19
       words: 1616
      flesch: 50
     summary: This case represents the longest duration of SARS-CoV-2 detection, and highlights the need for long-term follow up of COVID-19 patients despite resolution of symptoms to confirm SARS-CoV-2 clearance. This study was conducted at the Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, which is a 738-bed university-affiliated hospital with an eight-bed airborne infection isolation room (AIIR) for COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: covid-19; patients; sars; symptoms
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        item: #1459 of 5187
          id: cord-278540-gy65bvot
      author: Chen, I-Yin
       title: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Viroporin 3a Activates the NLRP3 Inflammasome
        date: 2019-01-29
       words: 4676
      flesch: 37
     summary: First, the disturbances in intracellular ionic concentrations, including K + efflux and Ca 2+ influx, play an important role (Fernandes-Alnemri et al., 2007; Petrilli et al., 2007; Arlehamn et al., 2010; Ichinohe et al., 2010; Ito et al., 2012; Murakami et al., 2012; Munoz-Planillo et al., 2013) . It is increasingly evident that NLRP3 detects RNA viruses by sensing the cellular damage or distress induced by viroporins (Ichinohe et al., 2010; Ito et al., 2012; Triantafilou et al., 2013; Nieto-Torres et al., 2015) , transmembrane pore-forming proteins, encoded by certain RNA viruses; these proteins alter membrane permeability to ions by forming membrane channels (Tan et al., 2005;
    keywords: activation; cells; cov; et al; inflammasome; nlrp3; protein; sars; virus
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        item: #1460 of 5187
          id: cord-278542-vqp6ec6e
      author: Coyne, Carolyn
       title: Recommendations for future university pandemic responses: What the first COVID-19 shutdown taught us
        date: 2020-08-27
       words: 2565
      flesch: 43
     summary: In doing so, university leaders were thrust into unchartered waters and forced them to make unprecedented decisions. Successes and failures along the way highlighted how the autonomous nature of the American academic research enterprise and skillsets normally required of university leaders were ill-suited to mounting an emergency response.
    keywords: decisions; faculty; leaders; shutdown; students; universities
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        item: #1461 of 5187
          id: cord-278618-7tu5c7m1
      author: Romano-Bertrand, Sara
       title: Sustainability of SARS-CoV-2 in aerosols: Should we worry about airborne transmission?
        date: 2020-06-12
       words: 1340
      flesch: 37
     summary: key: cord-278618-7tu5c7m1 authors: Romano-Bertrand, Sara; Aho-Glele, Ludwig-Serge; Grandbastien, Bruno; Gehanno, Jean-François; Lepelletier, Didier title: Sustainability of SARS-CoV-2 in aerosols: Should we worry about airborne transmission? date: 2020-06-12 journal: J Hosp Infect DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2020.06.018 sha: doc_id: 278618 cord_uid: 7tu5c7m1 nan SARS-CoV-2 is predominantly transmitted by respiratory droplets and contact with contaminated surfaces but the role of aerosol is debated. Models assessing viral infectivity in aerosols and droplets, focused mainly on influenza virus, showed that respiratory droplets, usually of size between 10 to 100μm at their emission, can rapidly shrink even more when poorly concentrated in organic substances, depending on humidity
    keywords: air; droplets; particles; sars
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        item: #1462 of 5187
          id: cord-278648-hkvurb2k
      author: Menachery, Vineet D.
       title: Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Nonstructural Protein 16 Is Necessary for Interferon Resistance and Viral Pathogenesis
        date: 2017-11-15
       words: 5209
      flesch: 39
     summary: A combination of structural and biochemical approaches has established a critical role for CoV NSP16 in 2=O-MTase activity (Fig. 1A) . However, absence of NSP16 activity severely attenuated dNSP16 mutant virus replication at both days 2 and 4 postinfection (Fig. 3C ).
    keywords: activity; attenuation; cov; dnsp16; ifn; infection; mers; mutant; replication; sars; vaccine; virus
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        item: #1463 of 5187
          id: cord-278649-ge9ike2c
      author: Makaronidis, Janine
       title: Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in people with an acute loss in their sense of smell and/or taste in a community-based population in London, UK: An observational cohort study
        date: 2020-10-01
       words: 4283
      flesch: 54
     summary: A total of 80.4% of participants with smell loss and 86.0% (n = 307) of those with complete smell loss had a positive test result. Seropositivity for SARS-CoV-2 was 3 times more likely in participants with smell loss (OR 2.86; 95% CI 1.27–6.36; p < 0.001) compared with those with taste loss.
    keywords: antibodies; cov-2; covid-19; loss; participants; sars; smell; taste
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        item: #1464 of 5187
          id: cord-278678-ivye1qao
      author: Calvez, R. M.
       title: Molecular detection of SARS-CoV-2 using a reagent-free approach
        date: 2020-05-02
       words: 3243
      flesch: 46
     summary: In routine diagnostics, the whole virus is spiked at a fixed concentration in the lysis buffer prior to sample extraction and detected using an in-house TaqMan hydrolysis probe-based assay targeting the granulin gene of AoGV. However, all the red-cap tubes for swab samples tested (Copan swabs resuspended in UTM-RT medium, Copan Diagnostics) failed to produce any detectable signal despite a significant viral load (Ct>37).
    keywords: cov-2; heat; pcr; samples; sars
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        item: #1465 of 5187
          id: cord-278682-s4gfbsqy
      author: Chan, W-M
       title: Precautions in ophthalmic practice in a hospital with a major acute SARS outbreak: an experience from Hong Kong
        date: 2005-04-29
       words: 4133
      flesch: 42
     summary: For patients presenting with fever, contact history of SARS patients within 10 days, or recovered SARS patients shortly discharged from hospital, we have adopted a special outpatient follow-up strategy based on initial epidemiological and microbiological evidences that the main mode of transmission of SARS is by droplets, direct contact with patient's secretions, and subsequent inoculation into mucous membranes. The ultimate infectivity of the tears secretion and ocular discharge from SARS patients may bring impacts on not only the daily ophthalmic practice but also the universal infection control measures practiced by general public and health-care workers.
    keywords: care; contact; control; eye; health; infection; measures; outbreak; patients; sars
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        item: #1466 of 5187
          id: cord-278721-g5zqebju
      author: Jakhmola, Shweta
       title: Comorbidity Assessment Is Essential During COVID-19 Treatment
        date: 2020-08-04
       words: 3750
      flesch: 38
     summary: Emerging data depicts that COVID-19 patients have various aspects associated with hospitalization and severity. Interestingly, an increase in the number of COVID-19 patients with comorbidities is reported .
    keywords: comorbidities; covid-19; diseases; et al; patients
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        item: #1467 of 5187
          id: cord-278759-pykihnup
      author: Koh, Yiwen
       title: Nurses' perceptions of risk from emerging respiratory infectious diseases: A Singapore study
        date: 2012-03-21
       words: 4900
      flesch: 44
     summary: The influence of the perceived lethality of the virus on risk perceptions has been examined in several studies, which found that HCWs who perceived higher risks of death from SARS virus had higher overall risk perceptions. Communicable respiratory threats in the ED: Tuberculosis, influenza, SARS, and other aerosolized infections Nurses' ability and willingness to work during pandemic flu Healthcare workers' perceptions of the duty to work during an influenza pandemic Preventing local transmission of SARS: Lessons from Singapore Nonpharmaceutical public health interventions for pandemic influenza: An evaluation of the evidence base SARS: Prudence, not panic Risk perceptions and their relation to risk behavior Qualitative Research and the Generalizability Question: Standing Firm with Proteus
    keywords: diseases; h1n1; nurses; participants; perceptions; risk; sars; study
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        item: #1468 of 5187
          id: cord-278812-5jps95q9
      author: Edwards, Sarah J L
       title: Anthroponotic risk of SARS-CoV-2, precautionary mitigation, and outbreak management
        date: 2020-07-02
       words: 658
      flesch: 48
     summary: Taking an ecological view, individual animals (eg, foxes) could act as vectors between groups of animals. Evidence of infection of animals with SARS-CoV-2 has been shown experimentally both in vivo and in vitro for mammals including monkeys, cats, ferrets, rabbits, foxes, and hamsters, while bioinformatic studies also predict infectivity of pigs and wild boar among other mammals.
    keywords: cov-2; sars
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        item: #1469 of 5187
          id: cord-278839-uu2wlpmp
      author: Alberca, Ricardo Wesley
       title: Pregnancy, Viral Infection, and COVID-19
        date: 2020-07-07
       words: 7256
      flesch: 30
     summary: retrospective cohort study Thrombocytopenia is associated with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections: a meta-analysis Antibodies in infants born to mothers with COVID-19 pneumonia Lack of vertical transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, China First case of neonatal infection due to COVID 19 in Spain COVID-19 vaginal delivery-a case report Analysis of the pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women with COVID-19 in Hubei Province Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during pregnancy: a case series COVID-19 in a 26-week preterm neonate COVID-19 Infection in First Trimester of Pregnancy Marked by a Liver Cytolysis: A Case Report Evidence of mother-to-newborn infection with COVID-19 Maternal death due to COVID-19 Clinical features and obstetric and neonatal outcomes of pregnant patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective, single-centre, descriptive study Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records Testicular effects following in utero exposure to the antivirals acyclovir and ganciclovir in rats Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome Interleukin-2 receptor serum concentrations in normal pregnancy and pre-eclampsia The involvement of inflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of recurrent miscarriage Abnormal IL-2 receptor levels in non-pregnant women with a history of recurrent miscarriage IL-7/IL-7R signaling pathway might play a role in recurrent pregnancy losses by increasing inflammatory Th17 cells and decreasing Treg cells Association of tumor necrosis factoralpha 308G/A polymorphism with recurrent miscarriages in women Human tumour necrosis factor: physiological and pathological roles in placenta and endometrium Tumor necrosis factor-α and pregnancy complications: a prospective study Placental TNF-α signaling in illness-induced complications of pregnancy Programming of fetal insulin resistance in pregnancies with maternal obesity by ER stress and inflammation TNF-alpha is a predictor of insulin resistance in human pregnancy Maternal circulating concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, leptin, and adiponectin in gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis Prenatal immune challenge affects growth, behavior, and brain dopamine in offspring In utero exposure to virus infections and the risk of developing anorexia nervosa Maternal infection: window on neuroimmune interactions in fetal brain development and mental illness Prenatal exposure to maternal infection alters cytokine expression in the placenta, amniotic fluid, fetal brain Prenatal LPS-exposurea neurodevelopmental rat model of schizophrenia-differentially affects cognitive functions, myelination and parvalbumin expression in male and female offspring Prenatal lipopolysaccharide exposure promotes dyslipidemia in the male offspring rats Prenatal viral exposure followed by adult stress produces glucose intolerance in a mouse model Prenatal initiation of endotoxin airway exposure prevents subsequent allergeninduced sensitization and airway inflammation in mice Thrown off balance: the effect of antenatal inflammation on the developing lung and immune system Maternal stress during pregnancy increases neonatal allergy susceptibility: role of glucocorticoids Hertz-Picciotto I. Is maternal influenza or fever during pregnancy associated with autism or developmental delays? Although there is little knowledge about placental findings associated with the common coronaviruses, Ng et al. reported placental pathology in seven women with SARS infection in Hong Kong (43) .
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; expression; infection; inflammatory; influenza; maternal; placental; pregnancy; response; sars; syndrome; virus; women
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        item: #1470 of 5187
          id: cord-278923-u4gv2e7w
      author: da Silva, Joyce Kelly R.
       title: Essential Oils as Antiviral Agents, Potential of Essential Oils to Treat SARS-CoV-2 Infection: An In-Silico Investigation
        date: 2020-05-12
       words: 6393
      flesch: 39
     summary: ex Tanaka (Cleopatra mandarin) cultivated in Egypt Virucidal activity of essential oils from aromatic plants of Evaluation of chemical and antiviral properties of essential oils from South American plants Liposomal incorporation of Artemisia arborescens L. essential oil and in vitro antiviral activity Antiherpevirus activity of Artemisia arborescens essential oil and inhibition of lateral diffusion in Vero cells Antiviral activity of some plant oils against herpes simplex virus type 1 in Vero cell culture Antiviral activities of Artemisia princeps var. orientalis essential oil and its α-thujone against norovirus surrogates Inhibitory effect of essential oils obtained from plants grown in Colombia on yellow fever virus replication in vitro Ayapana triplinervis essential oil and its main component thymohydroquinone dimethyl ether inhibit Zika virus at doses devoid of toxicity in zebrafish Phytochemical analysis and in vitro evaluation of the biological activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) of Cedrus libani A. Rich Essential oils as complementary and alternative medicines for the treatment of influenza Plant products as topical microbicide candidates:
    keywords: activity; components; composition; cov-2; docking; essential; farnesene; influenza; oil; oils; protein; sars; type; virus
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        item: #1471 of 5187
          id: cord-278939-z6kiee09
      author: Mani, Janice S.
       title: Natural product-derived phytochemicals as potential agents against coronaviruses: a review
        date: 2020-04-30
       words: 8177
      flesch: 30
     summary: The antiviral activity of extracts from plant species against the avian IBV viral strains have been extensively studied (Chen et al., 2014; Jackwood et al., 2010; Lelesius et al., 2019; Li et al., 2011; Nguyen et al., 2015; Yang et al., 2010; Yang et al., 2011; Yin et al., 2011) . Recent reviews have suggested that traditional Chinese medicine could be used for the prevention or treatment (Yang et al., 2020a ) of COVID-19; while still acknowledging that many studies involving clinical trials are poorly designed or controlled, and the choice of treatments is largely empirically based.
    keywords: activity; antiviral; compounds; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; ec50; et al; extracts; human; inhibition; mers; potential; protein; sars; studies; treatment
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        item: #1472 of 5187
          id: cord-278945-q5lzf5o4
      author: Hashemi, Seyed Ahmad
       title: Report of death in children with SARS‐CoV‐2 and Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) co‐infection: is hMPV the trigger?
        date: 2020-08-07
       words: 1287
      flesch: 47
     summary: In some papers, researchers hypothesized the role of chronic respiratory tract inflammation and asthma as a predisposing factor for other respiratory infections (7) . To investigate the presence of other respiratory viruses, we performed a panel of virus detection through PCR and RT‐PCR tests to detect influenza virus, parainfluenza virus, Human metapneumovirus, Human bocavirus, adenovirus, and respiratory syncytial virus on nasopharyngeal swabs of all 74 SARS‐CoV‐2 positive dead patients.
    keywords: children; hmpv; infection; sars
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        item: #1473 of 5187
          id: cord-278951-vxrwrzlj
      author: Huang, Hsien-Hao
       title: Declining Emergency Department Visits and Costs During the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Outbreak
        date: 2006-12-31
       words: 2738
      flesch: 49
     summary: In contrast, an increase of about 30% in daily visits was reported during the early SARS outbreak period at a public hospital in Singapore 14 designated for treatment and hospitalization of SARS patients only. First, how the duration or percentage decreases in patient attendances and costs in the ED might have been affected by a longer duration or greater number of SARS patients remains unclear.
    keywords: epidemic; mean; patients; sars
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        item: #1474 of 5187
          id: cord-278960-3xw4qjoy
      author: Evangelista, A. T.
       title: The Seasonal End of Human Coronavirus Hospital Admissions with Implications for SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-05-20
       words: 3845
      flesch: 47
     summary: The relationship of influenza virus transmission and temperature/humidity also has been demonstrated using a guinea pig model showing that transmission proceeded more rapidly under cold, dry conditions (3). F -64% 45-60% Zero or >99% Reduc Aver for mo of July 26 0 C/79 0
    keywords: coronaviruses; human; indoor; influenza; week
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        item: #1475 of 5187
          id: cord-278987-3s5p9yw6
      author: Hirotsu, Yosuke
       title: Environmental cleaning is effective for the eradication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus in contaminated hospital rooms: A patient from the Diamond Princess cruise ship
        date: 2020-04-17
       words: 517
      flesch: 47
     summary: key: cord-278987-3s5p9yw6 authors: Hirotsu, Yosuke; Maejima, Makoto; Nakajima, Masumi; Mochizuki, Hitoshi; Omata, Masao title: Environmental cleaning is effective for the eradication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus in contaminated hospital rooms: A patient from the Diamond Princess cruise ship date: 2020-04-17 journal: Infection control and hospital epidemiology DOI: 10.1017/ice.2020.144 sha: doc_id: 278987 cord_uid: 3s5p9yw6 nan oxygen from day 4 to day 15. In summary, our data indicate the effectiveness of environmental cleaning for SARS-CoV-2 decontamination.
    keywords: cov-2; sars
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        item: #1476 of 5187
          id: cord-279001-l5ogbl5p
      author: Wilder-Smith, Annelies
       title: Can we contain the COVID-19 outbreak with the same measures as for SARS?
        date: 2020-03-05
       words: 4388
      flesch: 47
     summary: Genomic characterization of the 2019 novel humanpathogenic coronavirus isolated from a patient with atypical pneumonia after visiting Wuhan ACE2 receptor expression and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection depend on differentiation of human airway epithelia A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirusinfected pneumonia Transmission dynamics and control of severe acute respiratory syndrome Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study First case of 2019 novel coronavirus in the United States Time course of lung changes on chest CT during recovery from 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID19) pneumonia Isolation, quarantine, social distancing and community containment: pivotal role for oldstyle public health measures in the novel coronavirus (2019nCoV) outbreak Battling 21stcentury scourges with a 14thcentury toolbox Viral shedding patterns of coronavirus in patients with probable severe acute respiratory syndrome Predicting super spreading events during the 2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome epidemics in Hong Kong and Singapore Modelling strategies for controlling SARS outbreaks Household transmission of SARS Epidemiology and control of SARS in Singapore Hospitalized patients with bacterial infections: a potential focus of SARS transmission during an outbreak Public health and ethical considerations in planning for quarantine Public health measures to control the spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome during the outbreak in Toronto SARS: public health measures in Hong Kong Controlling SARS: a review on China's response compared with other SARSaffected countries The impact of public health control measures during the SARS epidemic in mainland China A tale of two cities: community psychobehavioral surveillance and related impact on outbreak control in Hong Kong and Singapore during the severe acute respiratory syndrome epidemic The epidemiology of severe acute respiratory syndrome in the 2003 Hong Kong epidemic: an analysis of all 1755 patients SARS in healthcare facilities SARS in Singapore-key lessons from an epidemic Experience of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Singapore: importation of cases, and defense strategies at the airport The severe acute respiratory syndrome: impact on travel and tourism SARS to novel coronavirus-old lessons and new lessons A novel coronavirus outbreak of global health concern China's response to a novel coronavirus stands in stark contrast to the 2002 SARS outbreak response Travelers give wings to novel coronavirus (2019nCoV) Potential for global spread of a novel coronavirus from China Pneumonia of unknown etiology in Wuhan, China: potential for international spread via commercial air travel Asymptomatic SARS coronavirus infection among healthcare workers Transmission of 2019nCoV infection from an asymptomatic contact in Germany Importation and humantohuman transmission of a novel coronavirus in Vietnam Effectiveness of airport screening at detecting travellers infected with novel coronavirus The reproductive number of COVID19 is higher compared to SARS coronavirus COVID19 outbreak on the Diamond Princess cruise ship: estimating the epidemic potential and effectiveness of public health countermeasures The Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Emergency Response Epidemiology Team. To accommodate the large number of patients with SARS (both probable and suspect), Beijing rapidly constructed the 1000bed Xiaotangshan hospital within a week, which admitted a seventh of SARS patients in the country within 2 months.
    keywords: china; community; covid19; measures; outbreak; patients; quarantine; sars; transmission
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        item: #1477 of 5187
          id: cord-279105-e2zjxjox
      author: Lee, Cheryl Yi-Pin
       title: Serological Approaches for COVID-19: Epidemiologic Perspective on Surveillance and Control
        date: 2020-04-24
       words: 3889
      flesch: 33
     summary: SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG antibodies, on the other hand, can be present as early as 4 days pio, and peak after 17 days pio (10, 11) (Figure 2) . These findings indicate that SARS-CoV-specific antibodies targeting these discontinuous regions may not be able to cross-react with SARS-CoV-2 (3, 36) .
    keywords: antibodies; antibody; coronavirus; cov-2; infection; patients; pio; protein; sars
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        item: #1478 of 5187
          id: cord-279106-3ffa9djf
      author: Syatila Ab Ghani, Nur
       title: Side chain similarity comparisons for integrated drug repositioning and potential toxicity assessments in epidemic response scenarios: the case for COVID-19
        date: 2020-10-21
       words: 6982
      flesch: 40
     summary: 33 34 3. Results and Discussion 35 In this study, sub-structural similarity searches and docking analyses were carried out to: (i) identify 36 potential targets and drug binding sites in SARS-CoV-2 proteins; (ii) identify off-targets for proposed drug 37 compounds for COVID-19; (iii) identify other approved drugs with similar structure to proposed drugs that 38 are potentially useful for COVID-19 treatment. In this work, the three-dimensional arrangements of amino acid side chains in known drug binding sites (substructures) were used to search for similarly arranged sites in SARS-CoV-2 protein structures in the Protein Data Bank for the potential repositioning of approved compounds.
    keywords: binding; compounds; cov-2; covid-19; docking; drug; pdbid; potential; protein; sars; similarity; sites; structures; target
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        item: #1479 of 5187
          id: cord-279115-eyk8sxk7
      author: Cecconi, Maurizio
       title: Ten things we learned about COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-05
       words: 1622
      flesch: 46
     summary: Characterization of the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of 2019 novel coronavirus: implication for development of RBD protein as a viral attachment inhibitor and vaccine Quantifying SARS-CoV-2 transmission suggests epidemic control with digital contact tracing Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study Immunology of COVID-19: current state of the science Interpreting diagnostic tests for SARS-CoV-2 Venous and arterial thromboembolic complications in COVID-19 patients admitted to an academic hospital in Endothelial cell infection and endotheliitis in COVID-19 Understanding pathophysiology of hemostasis disorders in critically ill patients with COVID-19 WHO (2020) WHO Immunity passports in the context of COVID-19 The incubation period of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from publicly reported confirmed cases: estimation and application Baseline characteristics and outcomes of 1591 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 admitted to ICUs of the Lombardy Region Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China Surviving sepsis campaign: guidelines on the management of critically ill adults with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Developing Covid-19 vaccines at pandemic speed Managing ICU surge during the COVID-19 crisis: rapid guidelines Critical care utilization for the COVID-19 outbreak in Lombardy, Italy: early experience and forecast during an emergency response REMAP-CAP response to novel COVID-10 Evidence suggests that during COVID-19 T cells undergo functional exhaustion with lymphopenia, skewing towards a Th17 phenotype, inappropriate for antiviral immunity and suppression ( Fig. 1 )
    keywords: cells; covid-19; immunity; patients; sars
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        item: #1480 of 5187
          id: cord-279131-1unb0z79
      author: Buijsers, Baranca
       title: Beneficial non-anticoagulant mechanisms underlying heparin treatment of COVID-19 patients
        date: 2020-08-25
       words: 3995
      flesch: 23
     summary: The role of heparanase and the endothelial glycocalyx in the development of proteinuria Properties of the Glomerular barrier and mechanisms of Proteinuria Pathological evidence of pulmonary thrombotic phenomena in severe COVID-19 Pulmonary Pathology of early-phase 2019 novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pneumonia in two patients with Lung Cancer Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China Effect of Dexamethasone in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: preliminary report Incidence of thrombotic complications in critically ill ICU patients with COVID-19 ISTH interim guidance on recognition and management of coagulopathy in COVID-19 Low molecular weight heparins and their clinical applications Therapeutic use of heparin beyond anticoagulation Anticoagulant treatment is associated with decreased mortality in severe coronavirus disease 2019 patients with coagulopathy Heparin therapy improving hypoxia in COVID-19 patients -a case series Association of treatment dose Anticoagulation with in-hospital survival among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 The versatile heparin in COVID-19 Inhibition of heparanase-mediated degradation of extracellular matrix heparan sulfate by non-anticoagulant heparin species The Glomerular Endothelium in Diabetic Nephropathy: Role of Heparanase: Pathophysiology and Clinical Aspects Endothelial glycocalyx dysfunction in disease: albuminuria and increased microvascular permeability Heparanase: roles in cell survival, extracellular matrix remodelling and the development of kidney disease The pulmonary endothelial glycocalyx regulates neutrophil adhesion and lung injury during experimental sepsis Increased plasma heparanase activity in COVID-19 patients Both UFH and NAH alleviate shedding of endothelial glycocalyx and coagulopathy in LPS-induced sepsis Dengue virus NS1 disrupts the Endothelial Glycocalyx, leading to Hyperpermeability Effect of unfractionated heparin on endothelial glycocalyx in a septic shock model Inhibition of inflammation induced shedding of the endothelial glycocalyx with low molecular weight heparin Heparanase Is Essential for the Development of Acute Experimental Glomerulonephritis Kinetic analysis and molecular modeling of the inhibition mechanism of roneparstat (SST0001) on human heparanase Structural requirements for inhibition of melanoma lung colonization by heparanase inhibiting species of heparin Chemically modified heparins as inhibitors of heparan sulfate specific endo-beta-glucuronidase (heparanase) of metastatic melanoma cells The anti-inflammatory effects of heparin and related compounds Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Heparin and Its Derivatives: a Systematic Review Protective effect of low molecular weight heparin on experimental colitis: role of neutrophil recruitment and TNF-alpha production Versatile role of heparanase in inflammation Glycosaminoglycans interact selectively with chemokines and modulate receptor binding and cellular responses Role of heparanase-driven inflammatory cascade in pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy Heparanase augments insulin receptor signaling in breast carcinoma Soluble heparan sulfate fragments generated by heparanase trigger the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines through TLR-4 Macrophage activation by heparanase is mediated by TLR-2 and TLR-4 and associates with plaque progression Heparanase is essential for the development of diabetic nephropathy in mice Heparanase-2 protects from LPS-mediated endothelial injury by inhibiting TLR4 signalling COVID-19: consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression Regulation of interleukin-8 binding and function by heparin and alpha2-macroglobulin Binding of Interleukin-8 to Heparan Sulfate and Chondroitin Sulfate in Lung Tissue In-vitro suppression of IL-6 and IL-8 release from human pulmonary epithelial cells by non-anticoagulant fraction of enoxaparin Kinins and Cytokines in COVID-19: a comprehensive Pathophysiological approach Local bradykinin formation is controlled by glycosaminoglycans Clinical observations of low molecular weight heparin in relieving inflammation in COVID-19 patients: A retrospective cohort study.
    keywords: binding; cov-2; covid-19; endothelial; heparanase; heparin; hpse; lmwh; patients; sars
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        item: #1481 of 5187
          id: cord-279132-florvm7z
      author: K., Branimir
       title: From apparent to true – from frequency to distributions (II)
        date: 2020-08-17
       words: 2394
      flesch: 36
     summary: Bayesian approaches have also been used to assess the effects of social distancing measures on the dynamics of the epidemic in several affected countries. Feroze (7) used Bayesian structural time series models to investigate the pattern of SARS-CoV-2 spread in India, Brazil, USA, Russia, and the UK between March 1 and June 29, 2020 to assess the impact of mitigation measures and predict the dynamics of the epidemic over the next 30 days.
    keywords: approach; bayesian; cases; covid-19; data; epidemic; model
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        item: #1482 of 5187
          id: cord-279158-dsnniuo6
      author: Luo, Y.
       title: Low blood sodium increases risk and severity of COVID-19: a systematic review, meta-analysis and retrospective cohort study
        date: 2020-05-22
       words: 3906
      flesch: 38
     summary: In conclusion, we found that people with low serum sodium (hyponatremia) may be related to the susceptibility of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the development of severity of disease. key: cord-279158-dsnniuo6 authors: Luo, Y.; Li, Y.; Dai, J. title: Low blood sodium increases risk and severity of COVID-19: a systematic review, meta-analysis and retrospective cohort study date: 2020-05-22 journal: nan DOI: 10.1101/2020.05.18.20102509 sha: doc_id: 279158 cord_uid: dsnniuo6 Background Novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infects human lung tissue cells through angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2), and the body sodium is an important factor for regulating the expression of ACE2.
    keywords: covid-19; medrxiv; patients; preprint; review; sars; serum; sodium; study
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        item: #1483 of 5187
          id: cord-279172-d2algx16
      author: Zheng, Kewen
       title: Insight into the activity of SARS main protease: Molecular dynamics study of dimeric and monomeric form of enzyme
        date: 2006-11-02
       words: 6386
      flesch: 49
     summary: In this research, by comparing the process of the MD simulation of monomer with dimer, our aim is to (i) find the structural variations and dynamics of the active site residues in SARS M pro monomer in contrast to the dimer, which result in an inactive monomer and provide useful information for receptor based drug design; (ii) investigate the detailed specific interactions involving the two monomers within the dimer and its functional roles in maintaining the activity of the dimer, which provides insights for the design of specific protease inhibitors using the interface of the dimer as a new target. This longer distance deviates the experimental observations made by X-ray crystallography so much that the capability of substrate hydrolysis by SARS M pro monomer might be decreased.
    keywords: dimer; glutamine; his163; hydrogen; monomer; sars; site; substrate
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        item: #1484 of 5187
          id: cord-279180-xad53zht
      author: Kumaravel, Santhosh Kumar
       title: Investigation on the impacts of COVID-19 quarantine on society and environment: Preventive measures and supportive technologies
        date: 2020-08-17
       words: 11414
      flesch: 49
     summary: The spread of COVID-19 disease was announced by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a public health emergency of international concern on 30th January 2020 (World Health Organisation 2020b). But it is reliable only in the first week of COVID-19 disease because after the first week it slowly starts to disappear on the throat and begins to multiply in the lungs.
    keywords: cases; china; coronavirus; covid-19; data; disease; et al; fig; health; human; intelligence; learning; lockdown; online; outbreak; pandemic; patients; people; quarantine; spread; technologies; transmission; world
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        item: #1485 of 5187
          id: cord-279223-qvih5qas
      author: Hascoët, Jean-Michel
       title: Case Series of COVID-19 Asymptomatic Newborns With Possible Intrapartum Transmission of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-09-29
       words: 3064
      flesch: 44
     summary: Front Pediatr DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.568979 sha: doc_id: 279223 cord_uid: qvih5qas Background: Despite the pandemic, data are limited regarding COVID-19 infection in pregnant women and newborns. However, limited data are available regarding pregnant women with COVID-19 infection and their newborns (1) .
    keywords: baby; covid-19; infection; mother; pcr
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        item: #1486 of 5187
          id: cord-279255-v861kk0i
      author: Dhama, Kuldeep
       title: Coronavirus Disease 2019–COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-24
       words: 23944
      flesch: 36
     summary: Overlapping and discrete aspects of the pathology and pathogenesis of the emerging human pathogenic coronaviruses SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and 2019-nCoV Fusion mechanism of 2019-nCoV and fusion inhibitors targeting HR1 domain in spike protein Animal models for SARS and MERS coronaviruses Recent advances in the vaccine development against Middle East respiratory syndromecoronavirus Virology: SARS virus infection of cats and ferrets A live attenuated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus is immunogenic and efficacious in golden Syrian hamsters Animal models and vaccines for SARS-CoV infection Infection with MERS-CoV causes lethal pneumonia in the common marmoset Vaccines for the prevention against the threat of MERS-CoV Molecular basis of coronavirus virulence and vaccine development Mice transgenic for human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 provide a model for SARS coronavirus infection Genetically engineering a susceptible mouse model for MERS-CoV-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome Prospects for a MERS-CoV spike vaccine A mouse model for MERS coronavirus-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome Replicative capacity of MERS coronavirus in livestock cell lines Entry of human coronavirus NL63 into the cell China's response to a novel coronavirus stands in stark contrast to the 2002 SARS outbreak response Novel coronavirus is putting the whole world on alert Early epidemiological analysis of the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak based on crowdsourced data: a population-level observational study Estimation of the transmission risk of the 2019-nCoV and its implication for public health interventions The mental health of medical workers in Wuhan, China dealing with the 2019 novel coronavirus The progress of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) event in China Nowcasting and forecasting the potential domestic and international spread of the 2019-nCoV outbreak originating in Wuhan, China: a modelling study Response to the emerging novel coronavirus outbreak Potential for global spread of a novel coronavirus from China Novel coronavirus, poor quarantine, and the risk of pandemic Novel Coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China, 2020: intense surveillance is vital for preventing sustained transmission in new locations Risk for transportation of 2019 novel coronavirus disease from Wuhan to other cities in China Infections without borders: a new coronavirus in Wuhan, China An interactive web-based dashboard to track COVID-19 in real time Limiting spread of COVID-19 from cruise ships-lessons to be learnt from Japan Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records A case of 2019 novel coronavirus in a pregnant woman with preterm delivery Clinical features and obstetric and neonatal outcomes of pregnant patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective, single-centre, descriptive study A pregnant woman with COVID-19 in Central America Latin American Network of Coronavirus Disease 2019-COVID-19 Research (LANCOVID-19). CEPI to fund three programmes to develop vaccines against the novel coronavirus, nCoV-2019 Moderna announces funding award from CEPI to accelerate development of messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine against novel coronavirus Novel inhibitors of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus entry that act by three distinct mechanisms Treatment with interferon-␣2b and ribavirin improves outcome in MERS-CoV-infected rhesus macaques Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV): challenges in identifying its source and controlling its spread COVID-19, an emerging coronavirus infection: advances and prospects in designing and developing vaccines, immunotherapeutics, and therapeutics Potential antiviral therapeutics for 2019 novel coronavirus A novel coronavirus outbreak of global health concern Coronavirusesdrug discovery and therapeutic options Treatment with lopinavir/ritonavir or interferon-␤1b improves outcome of MERS-CoV infection in a nonhuman primate model of common Marmoset Treatment of Middle East respiratory syndrome with a combination of lopinavir-ritonavir and interferon-␤1b (MIRACLE trial): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial Clinical management of severe acute respiratory infection when novel coronavirus (nCoV) infection is suspected Clinical characteristics and therapeutic procedure for four cases with 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia receiving combined Chinese and Western medicine treatment Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro Broad-spectrum antiviral GS-5734 inhibits both epidemic and zoonotic coronaviruses Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread Breakthrough: chloroquine phosphate has shown apparent efficacy in treatment of COVID-19 associated pneumonia in clinical studies Towards a solution to MERS: protective human monoclonal antibodies targeting different domains and functions of the MERS-coronavirus spike glycoprotein Characterization of novel monoclonal antibodies against MERScoronavirus spike protein Crossneutralization of SARS coronavirus-specific antibodies against bat SARS-like coronaviruses New coronavirus threat galvanizes scientists Potent binding of 2019 novel coronavirus spike protein by a SARS coronavirus-specific human monoclonal antibody Cell-based antiviral screening against coronaviruses: developing virus-specific and broad-spectrum inhibitors Passive immunotherapy with dromedary immune serum in an experimental animal model for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Potential interventions for novel coronavirus in China: a systemic review Human transbodies that interfere with the functions of Ebola virus VP35 protein in genome replication and transcription and innate immune antagonism Inhibitors of RAS might be a good choice for the therapy of COVID-19 pneumonia Screening of an FDA-approved compound library identifies four small-molecule inhibitors of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus replication in cell culture
    keywords: acute; animal; bat; cases; cell; china; control; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; covs; disease; drugs; health; host; human; infection; mers; ncov; novel; novel coronavirus; outbreak; patients; pneumonia; potential; protein; respiratory; risk; sars; sars coronavirus; spread; studies; study; syndrome; transmission; treatment; vaccine; viruses; wuhan
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        item: #1487 of 5187
          id: cord-279260-tdvb0fhv
      author: Lv, Huibin
       title: COVID‐19 vaccines: knowing the unknown
        date: 2020-05-21
       words: 1480
      flesch: 41
     summary: Here we discuss areas that need to be addressed for COVID‐19 vaccine development, and what can be learned from examples of vaccine development in the past. The current status of COVID-19 vaccine development and factors that need to be considered are discussed.
    keywords: cov-2; development; sars; vaccine
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        item: #1488 of 5187
          id: cord-279290-wtnnlp4i
      author: Solorio-Pineda, Saúl
       title: Pituitary macroadenoma apoplexy in a severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2-positive testing: Causal or casual?
        date: 2020-09-25
       words: 1375
      flesch: 44
     summary: Another study from the same group confirmed that ACD, including ischemic stroke, cerebral venous thrombosis, and cerebral hemorrhage, was typical in elderly COVID-19 patients. Surg Neurol Int DOI: 10.25259/sni_305_2020 sha: doc_id: 279290 cord_uid: wtnnlp4i BACKGROUND: In December 2019, in Wuhan, a new virus emerged, causing severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) secondary to infection by a type of coronavirus, causing coronavirus disease (COVID-19).
    keywords: covid-19; pituitary; sars
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        item: #1489 of 5187
          id: cord-279316-xz7aawem
      author: MIZUTANI, T.
       title: Signal Transduction in SARS‐CoV‐Infected Cells
        date: 2007-04-23
       words: 3158
      flesch: 38
     summary: Several studies have shown that SARS-CoV infection of Vero E6 cells induces apoptosis, detected by DNA fragmentation and caspase activation. There may be other substrates of p38 MAPK that are inducible on apoptosis of Vero E6 cells caused by SARS-CoV infection.
    keywords: apoptosis; cells; cov; p38; protein; sars; vero
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        item: #1490 of 5187
          id: cord-279334-j0i9ozsz
      author: McCreary, Erin K
       title: Coronavirus Disease 2019 Treatment: A Review of Early and Emerging Options
        date: 2020-03-23
       words: 8289
      flesch: 41
     summary: The diagnosis and treatment guide of COVID-19 pneumonia caused by new coronavirus infection 7th Edition Epidemiologic features and clinical course of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Singapore Case of the index patient who caused tertiary transmission of COVID-19 infection in Korea: the application of lopinavir/ritonavir for the treatment of COVID-19 infected pneumonia monitored by quantitative RT-PCR The course of clinical diagnosis and treatment of a case infected with coronavirus disease 2019 Clinical characteristics and therapeutic procedure for four cases with 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia receiving combined Chinese and Western medicine treatment Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study A trial of lopinavir-ritonavir in adults hospitalized with severe Covid-19 Pharmacokinetics of lopinavir/ritonavir crushed versus whole tablets in children Nitazoxanide, a new drug candidate for the treatment of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Effect of nitazoxanide in adults and adolescents with acute uncomplicated influenza: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2b/3 trial Efficacy and safety of nitazoxanide in addition to standard of care for the treatment of severe acute respiratory illness Tocilizumab for the treatment of chimeric antigen receptor T cell-induced cytokine release syndrome ASTCT consensus grading for cytokine release syndrome and neurologic toxicity associated with immune effector cells Cytokine release syndrome grade as a predictive marker for infections in patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated with chimeric antigen receptor T cells FDA approval summary: tocilizumab for treatment of chimeric antigen receptor T cell-induced severe or life-threatening cytokine release syndrome Effective treatment of severe COVID-19 patients with tocilizumab SARS: systematic review of treatment effects Treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome with glucosteroids: the Guangzhou experience Effects of early corticosteroid treatment on plasma SARS-associated coronavirus RNA concentrations in adult patients The use of corticosteroid as treatment in SARS was associated with adverse outcomes: a retrospective cohort study Corticosteroid therapy for critically ill patients with Middle East respiratory syndrome Risk factors associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome and death in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia in Wuhan, China On the use of corticosteroids for 2019-nCoV pneumonia Clinical features and short-term outcomes of 144 patients with SARS in the greater Toronto area There are 4 clinical trials currently enrolling patients in the United States (Table 1) .
    keywords: activity; clinical; cov-2; covid-19; data; day; disease; hydroxychloroquine; lpv; patients; sars; therapy; treatment; use; vitro
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        item: #1491 of 5187
          id: cord-279346-7del8d2p
      author: Callendret, Benoît
       title: Heterologous viral RNA export elements improve expression of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus spike protein and protective efficacy of DNA vaccines against SARS
        date: 2007-07-05
       words: 10753
      flesch: 39
     summary: In contrast, S protein expression could be detected in Vero E6 cells after transfection of the pCI-S construct (Fig. 1, lane 4) . In all cell lines examined, the impact of WPRE on S protein expression was consistently better than that of CTE, reflecting synergistic effects of this element on cytoplasmic mRNA levels and mRNA translation.
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; cov; cte; dna; et al; expression; fig; intron; mice; mrna; pci; plasmid; protein; rna; sars; spike; viral; virus; wpre
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        item: #1492 of 5187
          id: cord-279363-4almssg6
      author: Crespo, Roland Mojica
       title: Pandemia COVID-19, la nueva emergencia sanitaria de preocupación internacional: una revisión
        date: 2020-05-16
       words: 5186
      flesch: 44
     summary: Estas estructuras están constituidas por complejos triméricos de la glicoproteína viral S (Spike) 5,14,15 . Concretamente la RNVE en su informe n°29 del día 7 de mayo enumera los principales síntomas presentados por el conjunto de la población española, hasta la fecha y a base de una muestra de 217,543 casos, de la siguiente manera: Entre estos hallazgos, es comúnmente observar la leucopenia y linfopenia, siendo esta última característica de COVID-19.
    keywords: 2019; 2020; casos; china; como; con; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; del; disease; enfermedad; entre; esta; este; han; hasta; health; infección; las; los; más; neumonía; novel; oms; pacientes; para; por; publicado; que; sars; son; una
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        item: #1493 of 5187
          id: cord-279406-wwdqh9qs
      author: Guzman, Norberto A.
       title: A Two-Dimensional Affinity Capture and Separation Mini-Platform for the Isolation, Enrichment, and Quantification of Biomarkers and Its Potential Use for Liquid Biopsy
        date: 2020-07-30
       words: 17193
      flesch: 28
     summary: Recent advances in enhancing the sensitivity of electrophoresis and electrochromatography in capillaries and microchips Laser-induced fluorometry for capillary electrophoresis Recent trends of capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry in proteomics research Advances in capillary electrophoresis for the life science Capillary electrophoresis-based approaches for the study of affinity interactions combined with various sensitive and nontraditional detection techniques Multivalent aptamers: Versatile tools for diagnostic and therapeutic applications Advances in affinity ligand-functionalized nanomaterials for biomagnetic separation Review on biomimetic affinity chromatography with short peptide ligands and its application to protein purification Metal-organics framework-based affinity materials in proteomics Modified bacteriophage tail fiber proteins for labeling, immobilization, capture, and detection of bacteria Rational design of affinity ligands for bioseparation A capture and release method based on noncovalent ligand cross-linking and facile filtration for purification of lectins and glycoproteins The use of a concentration step to collect urinary components separated by capillary electrophoresis and further characterization of collected analytes by mass spectrometry Automated Capillary Electrophoresis Apparatus Immunoaffinity capillary electrophoretic analysis of cyclosporin in tears New approaches in clinical chemistry: On-line analyte concentration and microreaction capillary electrophoresis for the determination of drugs, metabolic intermediates, and biopolymers in biological fluids Affinity capillary electrophoresis: Important application areas and some recent developments Immunoaffinity CE in clinical analysis of body fluids and tissues Microfluidic immunoaffinity separations for bioanalysis Bioanalytical methods for food allergy diagnosis, allergen detection and new allergen discovery Automated microfluidic devices integrating solid-phase extraction, fluorescent labeling, and microchip electrophoresis for preterm birth biomarker analysis Capillary electrophoresis-based immunoassay and aptamer assay: A review Clinical and pharmaceutical applications of affinity ligands in capillary electrophoresis: A review Red diode laser induced fluorescence detection with a confocal microscope on a microchip for capillary electrophoresis Capillary-scale monolithic immunoaffinity columns for immunoextraction with in-line laser induced fluorescence detection Magnetic beads based immunoaffinity capillary electrophoresis of total serum IgE with laser-induced fluorescence detection Demonstration of a direct capture immunoaffinity separation for C-reactive protein using a capillary-based microfluidic device Immunoaffinity extraction of testosterone by antibody immobilized monolithic capillary with on-line laser-induced fluorescence detection Ultrasensitive on-column laser-induced fluorescence in capillary electrophoresis using multiparameter confocal detection Analysis of serum transthyretin by on-line immunoaffinity solid-phase extraction capillary electrophoresis mass spectrometry using magnetic beads Measurement of inflammatory chemokines in micro-dissected tissue biopsy samples by chip-based immunoaffinity capillary electrophoresis Immunoaffinity capture couples with capillary electrophoresis-Mass spectrometry to study therapeutic protein stability in vivo Confocal laser-induced fluorescence detector for narrow capillary system with yoctomole limit of detection Separation of urinary constituents by capillary electrophoresis and further characterization of collected analytes by mass spectrometry Capillary electrophoresis for the analytical separation and semi-preparative collection of monoclonal antibodies Affinity capillary electrophoresis: Two semi-preparative approaches to concentrate samples on the capillary column and to recover microgram quantities of material Fabrication of an analyte concentrator-reaction chamber containing immobilized S. aureus V8 protease: On-column proteolytic digestion of nanogram quantities of substrate using capillary electrophoresis Enzymophoresis of nucleic acids by tandem capillary enzyme reactor-capillary zone electrophoresis Determination of prolyl 4-hydroxylase beta-subunit at the zeptomole level using capillary electrophoresis On-line peptide mapping of antibodies by capillary electrophoresis Selective preconcentration for capillary zone electrophoresis using protein G immunoaffinity capillary electrophoresis Consecutive protein digestion and peptide derivatization employing an on-line analyte concentrator to map proteins using capillary electrophoresis On-line protein digestion by immobilized enzyme microreactor capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry On-line immobilized microreactor for evaluating inhibitory activity of phenolic acids by capillary electrophoresis and molecular docking Disease Detection System and Method Method and System for Simultaneous Determination of Multiple Measurable Biomarkers during the Development of a Communicable Disease Real-time imaging through optical fiber array-assisted laser-induced fluorescence of capillary electrophoretic enantiomer separations Chip-based immunoaffinity capillary electrophoresis: Application to the measurement of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in skin biopsies Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and its clinical implications Brain-derived neurotropic factor in brain disorders: Focus on neuroinflammation On-line immunoaffinity capillary electrophoresis based on magnetic beads for the determination of alpha-1-acid glycoprotein isoforms profile to facilitate its use as biomarker Glycoform analysis of alpha-1-acid glycoprotein by capillary electrophoresis Differential glycosylation of alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP-I) contributes to its functional diversity Review on the potential health impact of �-casomorphins and related peptides Impact of milk derived �-casomorphins on physiological functions and trends in research: A review Aytekin, I. A1 and A2 bovine milk, the risk of beta-casomorphin-7 and its possible effects on human health: (I) A1 and A2 milk and the risk of beta-casomorphin-7 A1/A2 milk and �-casomorphins: The resurgence of controversy Milk A1 �-casein and health related outcomes in humans: A systematic review biological properties and other potential effects on human health of �-casomorphin 7: Current knowledge and concerns A method for identifying discriminative isoform-specific peptides for clinical proteomics application An isoform of AIF1 involved in breast cancer PTEN proteoforms in biology and disease How many human proteoforms are there? N-terminal proteoforms in human disease Origins and clinical relevance of proteoforms in pediatric malignancies False positive circumsporozoite protein ELISA: A challenge for the estimation of the entomological inoculation rate of malaria and for vector incrimination High false positive rate of an ELISA screen for the detection of anti-factor VIII antibodies in congenital hemophilia A Preventing intense false positive and negative reactions attributed to the principle of ELISA to re-investigate antibody studies in autoimmune diseases Urea-mediated dissociation alleviate the false-positive Treponema pallidum-specific antibodies detected by ELISA Properties and function of polyreactive antibodies and polyreactive antigen-binding B cells Antibody polyreactivity in health and disease: Status variabilis Natural antibodies-Facts known and unknown. Holding promise for precision medicine and P4 medicine Comparison of ELISA and HPLC-MS methods for the determination of exenatide in biological and biotechnology-based formulation matrices A direct comparison of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry with clinical routine testing immunoassay methods for the detection and quantification of thyroid hormones in blood serum The pathway through LC-MS method development: In-house or ready-to-use kit-based methods? Current state of bioanalytical chromatography in clinical analysis Detection of 8-OHdG as a diagnostic biomarker High-performance liquid chromatography and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniques for detection and quantification of aflatoxin B1 in feed samples: A comparative study LC-MSMS assays of urinary cortisol, a comparison between four in-house assays Comparison of an HPLC-MS/MS method with multiple commercial ELISA kits on the determination of levels of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2 -deoxyguanosine in human urine Protein biomarker quantification by immunoaffinity liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry: Current state and future vision A brief history of medical diagnosis and the birth of the clinical laboratory Biomedicines 2020 An historical perspective on the clinical diagnostic laboratory Existing and emerging technologies for point-of-care testing The accuracy of point-of-care glucose measurements Physicians'views of self-monitoring of blood glucose in patients with Type 2 diabetes not on insulin Point-of-care diagnostics in low resource settings: Present status and future role of microfluidics Current status and future prospects of point-of-care testing around the globe The clinical and health economic value of clinical laboratory diagnostics Sample preparation in microstructures devices Microchips, microarrays, biochips and nanochips: Personal laboratories for the 21st century Clinically relevant advances in on-chip affinity-based electrophoresis and electrochromatography Fang, Q. A low-cost palmtop high-speed capillary electrophoresis bioanalyzer with laser induced fluorescence detection Capillary Electrophoresis Technology Review on the development of truly portable and in-situ capillary electrophoresis systems Applications of capillary electrophoresis for the early diagnosis of cancer Urinary proteomics and precision medicine for chronic kidney disease: Current status and future perspectives Microfluidic chip electrophoresis for biochemical analysis 3D printed microfluidics Immunoaffinity CE for proteomics studies Immunoaffinity capillary electrophoresis as a powerful strategy for the quantification of low-abundance biomarkers, drugs, and metabolites in biological matrices Applications of microfluidics and microchip electrophoresis for potential clinical biomarker analysis Recent advances in CE and microchip-CE in clinical applications: 2014 to mid-2017 Analysis of inflammatory mediators in newborn dried blood spot samples by chip-base immunoaffinity capillary electrophoresis Recent trends in the quantification of biogenic amines in biofluids as biomarkers of various disorders: A review Biocatalytic amplification of UV signal in capillary electrophoresis of microRNA Enhancement of concentration limits of detection in capillary electrophoresis: Examples of on-line sample preconcentration, cleanup, and microreactor technology in protein characterization On-line solid-phase preconcentration for sensitivity enhancement in capillary electrophoresis On-line preconcentration methods for capillary electrophoresis Lowering the concentration limits of detection by on-line solid-phase extraction-capillary electrophoresis-electrospray mass spectrometry Getting the best sensitivity from on-capillary fluorescence detection in capillary electrophoresis-A tutorial A critical retrospective and prospective review of designs and materials in-line solid-phase extraction capillary electrophoresis Ten principles for conservative, care-full diagnosis Sensitivity enhancement and second-dimensional information from solid-phase extraction-capillary electrophoresis of entire high-performance liquid chromatography fractions
    keywords: acm; affinity; analysis; antibodies; bdnf; biomarkers; cancer; capture; cells; detection; device; diagnosis; disease; electrophoresis; exosomes; figure; iace; immunoaffinity; instrument; potential; protein; sample; separation; system; technology; transport; use; vesicles; viruses
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        item: #1494 of 5187
          id: cord-279435-ffgd2ets
      author: ALBalawi, Hani B
       title: COVID-19: Precautionary Guidelines for Ophthalmologists
        date: 2020-06-25
       words: 3188
      flesch: 46
     summary: Highrisk or COVID-19 positive patients with urgent ophthalmic problems can be seen but after following local hospital guidelines and precautions for treating patients with COVID-19 or that of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) such as using an N95 mask, eye protection, and gowns ( Figure 1 ) In 99 patients with COVID-19 virus infection, chest pain, confusion, and nausea-vomiting were noted in addition to previous findings [15] .
    keywords: contact; coronavirus; covid-19; health; human; infection; ophthalmologists; patients; risk
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        item: #1495 of 5187
          id: cord-279439-h4ji0ttm
      author: Viotti, Manuel
       title: HUMAN PRE-IMPLANTATION EMBRYOS ARE PERMISSIVE TO SARS-COV-2 ENTRY
        date: 2020-09-30
       words: 519
      flesch: 40
     summary: These results encourage further investigation into the potential of SARS-CoV-2 infection in human embryos and may have wider implications in natural conception and ART practice. Assessment of expression levels of SARS-CoV-2 entry mediators in human embryo biopsies by RNAseq analysis, and infection of cultured embryos with SARS-CoV-2 Spike glycoprotein pseudotyped reporter virions expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP).
    keywords: embryos; sars
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        item: #1496 of 5187
          id: cord-279443-2e4gz2bo
      author: Khan, Suliman
       title: Transmission of SARS-CoV-2, Required Developments in Research and Associated Public Health Concerns
        date: 2020-06-09
       words: 4944
      flesch: 36
     summary: The proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2 Emergence of a novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2: biology and therapeutic options Development of animal models against emerging coronaviruses: from SARS to MERS coronavirus Interim Infection Prevention and Control Recommendations for Patients with Suspected or Confirmed Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Healthcare Settings Advice for the Public Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72314 cases from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention The neuroinvasive potential of SARS-CoV2 may play a role in the respiratory failure of COVID-19 patients Impact of PD-1 blockade on severity of COVID-19 in patients with lung cancers COVID-19 in people living with human immunodeficiency virus: a case series of 33 patients People Who Are at Higher Risk for Severe Illness (Older Adults) Association of COVID-19 infection with pregnancy outcomes in healthcare workers and general women Possible vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from an infected mother to her newborn Team 2019-nCoV CDC response. Until now, researchers have unveiled some of the important biological and clinical features for COVID-19 infection, including the characterization of the whole genome (8) and spike glycoproteins (9) , investigation of clinical features and evaluation of different broad-spectrum antiviral drugs in combination with either antibacterial, antimalarial and/or traditional Chinese medicines (10) .
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; human; individuals; infection; novel; patients; sars; transmission
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        item: #1497 of 5187
          id: cord-279474-c5y2lygj
      author: Bozzo, Caterina Prelli
       title: IFITM proteins promote SARS-CoV-2 infection of human lung cells
        date: 2020-08-18
       words: 1116
      flesch: 35
     summary: (D) Alignment of the Spike amino acid sequences from SARS-CoV-2 Alanine substitutions are color coded. IFITM-Family Proteins: The Cell's First Line of Antiviral Defense Severe respiratory illness caused by a novel 649 coronavirus Imbalanced host response to SARS-CoV-2 drives 653 development of COVID-19 A sensitive and specific enzyme-based assay 655 detecting HIV-1 virion fusion in primary T lymphocytes High-efficiency transformation of mammalian cells by plasmid 657 DNA Regulation of the trafficking and 659 antiviral activity of IFITM3 by post-translational modifications The broad-spectrum antiviral functions of IFIT and IFITM 661 proteins PSGL-1 restricts HIV-1 infectivity by blocking virus particle attachment to target cells More than meets the I: The diverse antiviral and 737 cellular functions of interferon-induced transmembrane proteins Opposing activities of IFITM proteins in SARS-CoV-740 2 infection IFITM proteins -Cellular inhibitors of 742 viral entry Intracellular detection of viral nucleic acids Vpu modulates DNA repair to suppress 747 innate sensing and hyper-integration of HIV-1 IFITM proteins inhibit entry driven by the 749 Spike protein: Evidence for Cholesterol-Independent Mechanisms Palmitoylome profiling reveals S-palmitoylation-dependent antiviral activity of IFITM3 Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase suppresses SARS-CoV-2 replication by blocking 756 membrane fusion Antiviral Protection by IFITM3
    keywords: cells; cov-2; infection; proteins; sars
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        item: #1498 of 5187
          id: cord-279476-h7zi82a8
      author: Wang, Xueliang
       title: Limits of Detection of Six Approved RT–PCR Kits for the Novel SARS-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)
        date: 2020-04-13
       words: 599
      flesch: 46
     summary: To examine whether LoD is a factor contributing to the observed false-negative results, we evaluated and compared the LoDs of these six kits using real viral RNA. Viral RNA was extracted from cultured SARS-CoV-2 (SARS-CoV-2/ZJU-01/Human/2020) with the QIAamp Viral RNA Mini Kit (Qiagen).
    keywords: kits; sars
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        item: #1499 of 5187
          id: cord-279518-z3k7zaw4
      author: Xue, Xiaotong
       title: High expression of ACE2 on the keratinocytes reveals skin as a potential target for SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-05-23
       words: 1512
      flesch: 38
     summary: The public RNA-seq data of ACE2 expression in various normal tissues were obtained from Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis 2 (GEPIA2, http://gepia2.cancer-pku.cn/ #index). The public RNA-seq data of ACE2 expression in various cell types of different tissues were obtained from All RNA-seq and CHIP-seq Sample Search Space (ARCHS4, https://amp.pharm.mssm.edu/archs4/data.html), a web source providing the majority of published RNA-seq data from human and mouse at the gene and transcript levels (Lachmann et al., 2018) .
    keywords: ace2; cov-2; expression; sars; skin
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        item: #1500 of 5187
          id: cord-279519-4ad8ubrt
      author: Poochi, Saravana Prabha
       title: Employing bioactive compounds derived from Ipomoea obscura (L.) to evaluate potential inhibitor for SARS‐CoV‐2 main protease and ACE2 protein
        date: 2020-07-06
       words: 2366
      flesch: 41
     summary: The refined target protein structure (PDB ID: 6LU7, 6M0J) was utilized as the receptor, and prepared bioactive compounds from medicinal plant I. obscura (L.) were docked with an active site of target proteins by the Glide XP model . Employing bioactive compounds derived from Ipomoea obscura (L.) to evaluate potential inhibitor for SARS-CoV-2 main protease and ACE2 protein
    keywords: ace2; compounds; drug; glide; obscura; protein; sars; structure
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        item: #1501 of 5187
          id: cord-279520-zccd1mq5
      author: Christian, Michael D.
       title: Possible SARS Coronavirus Transmission during Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
        date: 2004-02-17
       words: 4053
      flesch: 39
     summary: Of particular concern are procedures performed on SARS patients that may aerosolize SARS-CoV and lead to limited airborne transmission or enhanced contact and droplet transmission (9) . On the basis of the results of this investigation and previous reports of SARS transmission during aerosol-generating procedures, a systematic approach to the problem is outlined, including the use of the following: 1) administrative controls, 2) environmental engineering controls, 3) personal protective equipment, and 4) quality control.
    keywords: control; equipment; healthcare; patient; protection; resuscitation; sars; transmission; workers
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        item: #1502 of 5187
          id: cord-279550-7u2hksxm
      author: Wang, Kai
       title: Longitudinal dynamics of the neutralizing antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-08-03
       words: 2671
      flesch: 47
     summary: Moreover, a SARS-CoV A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t 14 antigen-specific memory B cell response was not detectable in recovered SARS patients at 6-years after disease onset, whereas SARS-CoV-specific memory T cells persisted in recovered SARS patients. NAb titers increased over time in parallel with the rise in IgG antibody levels, correlating well at week 3 (r = 0·41, p & 0·05).
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; levels; nab; nabs; patients; sars
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        item: #1503 of 5187
          id: cord-279563-4lu1n0s7
      author: Gorzalski, Andrew J.
       title: High-Throughput Transcription-mediated amplification on the Hologic Panther is a highly sensitive method of detection for SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-06-10
       words: 1722
      flesch: 39
     summary: Reports of false negative results from real time PCR testing indicate that even the high analytical sensitivity of RT-PCR may be challenged by the pathology of COVID-19 (6, 7) . The Hologic Panther SARS-CoV-2 transcription mediated amplification test showed higher analytical sensitivity when compared to real time PCR for the detection of SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: cov-2; detection; pcr; sars; specimens
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        item: #1504 of 5187
          id: cord-279569-289fu2yb
      author: Lei, Yu
       title: Clinical features of imported cases of coronavirus disease 2019 in Tibetan patients in the Plateau area
        date: 2020-03-13
       words: 2294
      flesch: 53
     summary: No patient had a history of exposure to COVID-19 patients from Wuhan or had travelled to Wuhan. Despite the publication of many articles regarding the clinical features of COVID-19 patients, most of these patients were considered in the context of Wuhan.
    keywords: medrxiv; patients; preprint; wuhan
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        item: #1505 of 5187
          id: cord-279576-wt4crton
      author: Fajardo, Álvaro
       title: Evaluation Of SYBR Green Real Time PCR For Detecting SARS-CoV-2 From Clinical Samples
        date: 2020-05-13
       words: 4858
      flesch: 42
     summary: Since all these protocols are based on the use of fluorogenic probes and one-step reagents (cDNA synthesis followed by PCR amplification in the same tube), these techniques can be difficult to perform given the limited supply of reagents in low and middle income countries. Since all these protocols are based on the use of fluorogenic probes and one-step reagents (cDNA synthesis followed by PCR amplification in the same tube), these techniques are limited to the use of more specific reagents and can be quite expensive.
    keywords: amplification; cov-2; detection; green; qpcr; samples; sars; sybr; time
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        item: #1506 of 5187
          id: cord-279584-9x1d1kp1
      author: Anderson, E. M.
       title: Seasonal human coronavirus antibodies are boosted upon SARS-CoV-2 infection but not associated with protection
        date: 2020-11-10
       words: 2952
      flesch: 40
     summary: We then quantified pre-pandemic antibody levels in serum from a separate cohort of 252 individuals who became PCR-confirmed infected with SARS-CoV-2. Pre-pandemic antibody levels against the 229E 77 and NL63 alphacoronavirus S proteins were similar among individuals with and without SARS-78 CoV-2 reactive antibodies (Figure 1f-g) .
    keywords: antibodies; cov-2; license; preprint; sars
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        item: #1507 of 5187
          id: cord-279616-8gtumtxb
      author: Wu, Kitty K.
       title: Posttraumatic Stress after SARS
        date: 2005-08-17
       words: 1749
      flesch: 47
     summary: Previous studies showed that 10%-35% of SARS survivors reported having features of anxiety, depression, or both at 1 month after discharge (3) (4) (5) (6) . The occurrence rate of PTSD features for SARS survivors is in the middle of the range reported in previous samples of other medical diseases (2) .
    keywords: anxiety; discharge; month; sars
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        item: #1508 of 5187
          id: cord-279629-t1xjy12y
      author: Nazneen Akhand, Mst Rubaiat
       title: Genome based Evolutionary study of SARS-CoV-2 towards the Prediction of Epitope Based Chimeric Vaccine
        date: 2020-04-15
       words: 6731
      flesch: 37
     summary: ( Figure 10E ) indicated low chance of deformation of vaccine protein V3. Protein sequence of the spike, envelope, membrane and nucleocapsid were also retrieved from the corresponding genome sequences found in NCBI (Supplementary File 1).
    keywords: analysis; cell; coronavirus; covid-19; different; epitopes; et al; figure; novel; prediction; protein; sars; server; spike; study; table; vaccine
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        item: #1509 of 5187
          id: cord-279642-0j5828ah
      author: Stafford, Emma G.
       title: Pharmacovigilance in Patients with Diabetes: A Data-Driven Analysis Identifying Specific RAS Antagonists with Adverse Pulmonary Safety Profiles That Have Implications for COVID-19 Morbidity and Mortality
        date: 2020-06-01
       words: 1918
      flesch: 35
     summary: Based on this data mining, Captopril was found to have a statistically significantly higher incidence of pulmonary ADEs compared to other ACEIs (P = 0.005) as well as ARBs (P = 0.012), though other specific drugs also had important pulmonary ADEs associated with their use. 32 significantly higher incidence of pulmonary ADEs compared to other ACEIs (P = 0.005) as well as ARBs 38 (P = 0.012), though other specific drugs also had important pulmonary ADEs associated with their use.
    keywords: aceis; ades; arbs; diabetes; patients
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        item: #1510 of 5187
          id: cord-279691-v5kpmk0b
      author: Hagemeijer, Marne C.
       title: Biogenesis and Dynamics of the Coronavirus Replicative Structures
        date: 2012-11-21
       words: 9053
      flesch: 36
     summary: [151] [152] [153] can all be applied to investigate the CoV RTCs and the membranous replicative structures at the ultrastructural level using fluorescently-tagged proteins, while EU-labeling of viral RNA in combination with correlative light-electron microscopy may provide the resolution to indisputably pinpoint the exact location of viral RNA synthesis [154] . Organelle-Like Membrane Compartmentalization of Positive-Strand RNA Virus Replication Factories Cytoplasmic Viral Replication Complexes Modification of Intracellular Membrane Structures for Virus Replication SARS-Coronavirus Replication is Supported by a Reticulovesicular Network of Modified Endoplasmic Reticulum Identification of a Novel Coronavirus in Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome A Novel Coronavirus Associated with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Isolation and Characterization of Viruses Related to the SARS Coronavirus from Animals in Southern China Bats are Natural Reservoirs of SARS-Like Coronaviruses Evolving the Largest RNA Virus Genome A Contemporary View of Coronavirus Transcription Coronaviruses use Discontinuous Extension for Synthesis of Subgenome-Length Negative Strands Sequence Motifs Involved in the Regulation of Discontinuous Coronavirus Subgenomic RNA synthesis Coronavirus Minus-Strand RNA Synthesis and Effect of Cycloheximide on Coronavirus RNA Synthesis The RNA Structures Engaged in Replication and Transcription of the A59 Strain of Mouse Hepatitis Virus The Primary Structure and Expression of the Second Open Reading Frame of the Polymerase Gene of the Coronavirus MHV-A59; a Highly Conserved Polymerase is Expressed by an Efficient Ribosomal Frameshifting Mechanism Characterization of an Efficient Coronavirus Ribosomal Frameshifting Signal: Requirement for an RNA Pseudoknot Virus-Encoded Proteinases and Proteolytic Processing in the Nidovirales Processing of Open Reading Frame 1a Replicase Proteins nsp7 to nsp10 in Murine Hepatitis Virus Strain A59 Replication Functional and Genetic Analysis of Coronavirus Replicase-Transcriptase Proteins The RNA Polymerase Activity of SARS-Coronavirus nsp12 is Primer Dependent Non-Canonical RNA-Dependent RNA Superfamily 1 Helicase has RNA and DNA Duplex-Unwinding Activities with 5'-to-3' Polarity The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Coronavirus NTPase/helicase Belongs to a Distinct Class of 5' to 3' Viral Helicases Multiple Enzymatic Activities Associated with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Helicase Human Coronavirus 229E Nonstructural Protein 13: Characterization of Duplex-Unwinding, Nucleoside Triphosphatase, and RNA 5'-Triphosphatase Activities Functional Screen Reveals SARS Coronavirus Nonstructural Protein nsp14 as a Novel Cap N7 Methyltransferase Coronavirus Nonstructural Protein 16 is a Cap-0 Binding Enzyme Possessing (Nucleoside-2'O)-Methyltransferase Activity In Vitro Reconstitution of SARS-Coronavirus mRNA Cap Methylation Molecular Mapping of the RNA Cap 2'-O-Methyltransferase Activation Interface between Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus nsp10 and nsp16 Discovery of an RNA Virus 3'→5' Exoribonuclease that is Critically Involved in Coronavirus RNA Synthesis Major Genetic Marker of Nidoviruses Encodes a Replicative Endoribonuclease RNA Recognition and Cleavage by the SARS Coronavirus Endoribonuclease Infidelity of SARS-CoV Nsp14-Exonuclease Mutant Virus Replication is Revealed by Complete Genome Sequencing An RNA Proofreading Machine Regulates Replication Fidelity and Diversity RNA 3'-End Mismatch Excision by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Nonstructural Protein nsp10/nsp14 Exoribonuclease Complex Identification of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Replicase Products and Characterization of Papain-Like Protease Activity Topology and Membrane Anchoring of the Coronavirus Replication Complex:
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; cov; dmvs; hepatitis; membrane; nsp3; nsp4; protein; replication; rna; rna synthesis; sars; sites; structures; synthesis; viruses
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        item: #1511 of 5187
          id: cord-279725-d82sj80v
      author: Ströher, Ute
       title: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Related Coronavirus Is Inhibited by Interferon-α
        date: 2004-04-01
       words: 2238
      flesch: 46
     summary: The genome sequence of the SARS-associated coronavirus Characterization of a novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome A major outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Identification of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Canada A cluster of cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Glycyrrhizin, an active component of liquorice roots, and replication of SARS-associated coronavirus Inhibitory effects of ribavirin alone or combined with human alpha interferon on feline infectious peritonitis virus replication in vitro Prospects for treatment of viral hemorrhagic fevers with ribavirin, a broad-spectrum antiviral drug Effect of ribavirin on bunyavirus reproduction in cell culture and in an experiment on white mice Inhibitory effect of selected antiviral compounds on arenavirus replication in vitro The biological relationship of mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) strains and interferon: in vitro induction and sensitivities Comparative susceptibility of respiratory viruses to recombinant interferons-alpha 2b and -beta Inhibitory effects of recombinant feline interferon on the replication of feline enteropathogenic viruses in vitro Antiviral action of interferon-alpha against porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus Mass spectrometric characterization of proteins from the SARS virus: a preliminary report Clinical pharmacokinetics of interferons Plasma exchange and interferon-alpha pharmacokinetics in patients with hepatitis C virus-associated systemic vasculitis Transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of exogenous human beta interferon gene in simian cells defective in interferon synthesis Koch's postulates fulfilled for SARS virus In contrast, IFN-α showed an in vitro inhibitory effect starting at concentrations of 1000 IU/mL. In conclusion, ribavirin alone is unlikely to be beneficial in the prophylaxis or treatment of SARS CoV infections.
    keywords: cov; ifn; sars
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        item: #1512 of 5187
          id: cord-279750-if9vphb2
      author: Savić, Dragan
       title: Ruptured cerebral pseudoaneurysm in an adolescent as an early onset of COVID-19 infection: case report
        date: 2020-07-27
       words: 2048
      flesch: 46
     summary: We speculate that the formation and the rupture of cerebral pseudoaneurysm could be linked to COVID-19 infection. As far as we know, this is the first reported case of an adolescent with ruptured cerebral pseudoaneurysm as the initial presentation of COVID-19 infection.
    keywords: brain; cerebral; covid-19; infection; pseudoaneurysm; sars
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        item: #1513 of 5187
          id: cord-279754-95zawygq
      author: Hsu, Yu-Chen
       title: Risk and Outbreak Communication: Lessons from Taiwan's Experiences in the Post-SARS Era
        date: 2017-04-01
       words: 3387
      flesch: 42
     summary: In addition, WHO emphasized that risk communication is one of the 8 core functions that WHO member states must fulfill as signatories to the International Health Regulations (IHR) (2005) . Risk communication is also a component of global and country preparedness for an influenza pandemic, as part of the Pandemic Influenza Preparedness (PIP) framework.
    keywords: cdc; communication; health; outbreak; public; risk; sars; taiwan
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        item: #1514 of 5187
          id: cord-279765-sb1ifyfx
      author: Isakova-Sivak, Irina
       title: A promising inactivated whole-virion SARS-CoV-2 vaccine
        date: 2020-10-15
       words: 1089
      flesch: 28
     summary: As has been shown for other inactivated vaccines, improper inactivation processes can alter the antigenic properties of epitopes, resulting in the induction of non-neutralising antibodies, which can lead to the disease enhancement rather than protection. It is generally accepted that only vaccines can halt the spread of the pandemic virus; thus, several groups have already published interim results of phase 1/2 clinical trials of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines generated on various vaccine platforms.
    keywords: sars; vaccine; years
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        item: #1515 of 5187
          id: cord-279766-s3ms5f56
      author: Ye, Zhongde
       title: A SARS-CoV protein, ORF-6, induces caspase-3 mediated, ER stress and JNK-dependent apoptosis
        date: 2008-07-28
       words: 3415
      flesch: 42
     summary: The exact mechanism whereby SARS proteins induce apoptosis must be identified in order to begin to develop SARS targeted drugs. Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome A major outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Clinical progression and viral load in a community outbreak of coronavirusassociated SARS pneumonia: a prospective study Identification of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Canada Characterization of a novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome A cluster of cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong The expanding role of mitochondria in apoptosis Viruses and apoptosis Regulation of apoptosis by viral gene products Cytochrome c and dATP-dependent formation of Apaf-1/caspase-9 complex initiates an apoptotic protease cascade The Bcl2 family: regulators of the cellular life-or-death switch Protein translation and folding are coupled by an endoplasmic-reticulum-resident kinase Protein folding in the cell Tripartite management of unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum Regulation of cell death during infection by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and other coronaviruses Characterization of a unique group-specific protein (U122) of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Overexpression of 7a, a protein specifically encoded by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, induces apoptosis via a caspase-dependent pathway The 3a protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus induces apoptosis in Vero E6 cells The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)-coronavirus 3a protein may function as a modulator of the trafficking properties of the spike protein Mitochondrial location of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 3b protein G0/G1 arrest and apoptosis induced by SARS-CoV 3b protein in transfected cells Structure and intracellular targeting of the SARS-coronavirus Orf7a accessory protein The nonstructural protein 8 (nsp8) of the SARS coronavirus interacts with its ORF6 accessory protein Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus protein 6 accelerates murine coronavirus infections Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus ORF6 antagonizes STAT1 function by sequestering nuclear import factors on the rough endoplasmic reticulum/Golgi membrane Signaling the unfolded protein response from the endoplasmic reticulum Open reading frame 8a of the human severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus not only promotes viral replication but also induces apoptosis Tyrosine dephosphorylation of STAT3 in SARS coronavirus-infected Vero E6 cells Transgenic expression of survivin in keratinocytes counteracts UVB-induced apoptosis and cooperates with loss of p53 A C-terminal signal prevents secretion of luminal ER proteins Many cuts to ruin: a comprehensive update of caspase substrates Attenuation of delayed neuronal death after mild focal ischemia in mice by inhibition of the caspase family Caspase inhibition reduces myocyte cell death induced by myocardial ischemia and reperfusion in vivo Caspase inhibition reduces apoptosis and increases survival of nigral transplants In a search for SARS proteins that could induce apoptosis, the SARS protein, ORF-6 was tagged with GFP at the N-terminus and was transfected into Vero E6 and COS-7 cells.
    keywords: apoptosis; caspase-3; cells; cov; orf-6; orf-7a; protein; sars
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        item: #1516 of 5187
          id: cord-279861-gk8cow8k
      author: Glasser, John W.
       title: Modeling and public health emergency responses: Lessons from SARS
        date: 2011-01-28
       words: 4362
      flesch: 32
     summary: As observations are most familiar to policymakers, here we endeavor to support heuristic arguments about the contribution of various public health measures to SARS outbreak control by descriptive analyses of salient observations. Another mistake was repeatedly fitting otherwise appropriate gamma distributions to times to event regardless of whether they were stationary or not, particularly onset-isolation intervals whose progressive reduction evidently contributed to SARS control.
    keywords: contacts; control; health; modeling; onset; sars
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        item: #1517 of 5187
          id: cord-279932-bilr71ay
      author: Plotkin, Stanley A
       title: The Value of Human Challenges in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Vaccine Development
        date: 2020-07-16
       words: 1120
      flesch: 41
     summary: [7] elsewhere, have proposed the use of human challenge trials as a way of confirming the protective ability of candidate vaccines, in order to allow emergency use in high-risk groups and to facilitate the way to eventual licensure and use in the general population. The idea behind human challenge trials is to recruit young, healthy volunteers who have the lowest chance of serious disease, who would be given vaccine candidates and then be challenged with SARS-CoV-2 in order to determine whether the vaccines protect.
    keywords: challenge; disease; vaccine
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        item: #1518 of 5187
          id: cord-279940-i2rgjpxf
      author: Comentale, Giuseppe
       title: Sars-Cov-2 interference in HEME production: is it the time for an early predictive biomarker?
        date: 2020-06-29
       words: 1351
      flesch: 36
     summary: a meta-analysis COVID-19 and thrombotic or thromboembolic disease: implications for prevention, antithrombotic therapy, and followup Incidence of thrombotic complications in critically ill ICU patients with COVID-19 Venous thromboembolism in COVID-19 patients The versatile heparin in COVID-19 Will complement inhibition be the new target in treating COVID-19 related systemic thrombosis? This hypothesis is confirmed using clinical and autoptic evidence of diffuse arterial and vein thrombosis among Covid-19 patients [6] who benefit greatly from anticoagulant therapy [7] .
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; patients; sars
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        item: #1519 of 5187
          id: cord-279976-juz9jnfk
      author: Xie, Mingxuan
       title: Insight into 2019 novel coronavirus — an updated intrim review and lessons from SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV
        date: 2020-04-01
       words: 3921
      flesch: 42
     summary: JAMA 2020a Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro Decoding the evolution and transmissions of the novel pneumonia coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) using whole genomic data Summary of probable SARS cases with onset of illness from 1 WHO . MedRxiv(preprint) 2020 MERS transmission and risk factors: a systematic review Lung pathology and pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome: a report of six full autopsies A report on the general observation of a 2019 novel coronavirus autopsy Comparative therapeutic efficacy of remdesivir and combination lopinavir, ritonavir, and interferon beta against MERS-CoV Potent neutralization of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus by a human mAb to S1 protein that blocks receptor association Evaluation of Convalescent Plasma for Ebola Virus Disease in Guinea Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China.
    keywords: 2019; clinical; coronavirus; covid-19; mers; ncov; novel; patients; sars
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        item: #1520 of 5187
          id: cord-279989-swsxez0a
      author: Sokolov, Elisaveta
       title: Non-convulsive status epilepticus: COVID-19 or clozapine induced?
        date: 2020-10-04
       words: 2670
      flesch: 49
     summary: In addition, we discuss the possible effects of clozapine on the electroclinical presentation by way of possible seizure induction as well as discuss the possible EEG changes and we highlight that this needs to be kept in mind especially during rapid titration. In addition, we discuss the possible effects of clozapine on the electroclinical presentation by way of possible seizure induction as well as discuss the possible EEG changes and we highlight that this needs to be kept in mind especially during rapid titration.
    keywords: case; clozapine; cov-2; eeg; sars; seizures
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        item: #1521 of 5187
          id: cord-280001-y7pvj2l1
      author: Patel, Robin
       title: Report from the American Society for Microbiology COVID-19 International Summit, 23 March 2020: Value of Diagnostic Testing for SARS–CoV-2/COVID-19
        date: 2020-03-26
       words: 1786
      flesch: 38
     summary: Most tests currently used for direct detection of SARS-CoV-2 identify viral RNA through nucleic acid amplification, usually using PCR. An important consideration is exactly what gets tested for viral RNA.
    keywords: patients; rna; testing; tests
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        item: #1522 of 5187
          id: cord-280003-ndpuezpo
      author: Lou, Bin
       title: Serology characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 infection since the exposure and post symptoms onset
        date: 2020-03-27
       words: 3027
      flesch: 54
     summary: The serology characteristics and complement diagnosis value of antibody test to RNA test needs to be demonstrated. The diagnosis value of antibody test remains to be clearly demonstrated.
    keywords: antibody; author; funder; medrxiv; perpetuity; preprint
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        item: #1523 of 5187
          id: cord-280025-4hmecfi0
      author: Korber, B
       title: Spike mutation pipeline reveals the emergence of a more transmissible form of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-05-05
       words: 11191
      flesch: 46
     summary: Because Spike mutations are rare, we set a low threshold for a site to be deemed of interest for further tracking. The same tree expanded to show interesting patterns of Spike mutations that we are tracking against the backdrop of the phylogenetic tree based on the full genome.
    keywords: analysis; antibody; coronavirus; cov-2; d614; data; et al; fig; form; g614; gisaid; mutation; recombination; sars; sequences; sites; spike; time
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        item: #1524 of 5187
          id: cord-280029-g1k3zlax
      author: Gabutti, Giovanni
       title: Coronavirus: Update Related to the Current Outbreak of COVID-19
        date: 2020-04-08
       words: 5020
      flesch: 50
     summary: As of March 9, 2020, considering that new cases of COVID-19 registered in Italy had started to increase considerably and national restrictive measures had not yet been put in place, the Council of Ministers issued a decree law with measures to prohibit access to and exit from the country as well as suspension of all the activities that were not strictly necessary [46, 47] . Patients with COVID-19 should receive supportive care to help relieve symptoms, and, for severe cases, treatment should include care to support vital organ functions
    keywords: cases; china; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; health; infection; mers; patients; sars; transmission
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        item: #1525 of 5187
          id: cord-280043-bm0qkrod
      author: Esagian, Stepan M.
       title: Challenges in Abdominal Organ Transplantation During the COVID-19 Pandemic
        date: 2020-06-04
       words: 4222
      flesch: 30
     summary: Meanwhile, the lack of data surrounding many aspects of COVID-19 disease and its effects on transplant patients further complicate the situation and may necessitate the application of more drastic measures. Transplant recipients are most often on life-long immunosuppressants, which predispose them to infections, while transplant candidates usually have a combination of underlying comorbidities and tend to be older compared to the general population.
    keywords: covid-19; disease; liver; organ; patients; recipients; sars; transplant; transplantation
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        item: #1526 of 5187
          id: cord-280050-fktc778q
      author: Tahir, Shumaila
       title: Epidemiological and Clinical Features of SARS-CoV-2: A Retrospective Study from East Karachi, Pakistan
        date: 2020-06-17
       words: 3425
      flesch: 49
     summary: Our study primarily highlights the scenario of COVID-19 cases in the East district of Karachi, Pakistan. Almost a quarter (23.3%) of Italy's population is over 65 years where a significantly higher number of COVID-19 cases and deaths were reported with case fatality rate (CFR) of 0.7% in 40-49 years, 27.7% in >80 years, and 96.9% deaths occurring in adults aged 60 years and greater [15] .
    keywords: cases; covid-19; disease; pakistan; patients; sars; study; symptoms
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        item: #1527 of 5187
          id: cord-280062-1qrav1d5
      author: McClenaghan, Elliot
       title: The global impact of SARS-CoV-2 in 181 people with cystic fibrosis
        date: 2020-11-04
       words: 1709
      flesch: 53
     summary: When comparing the post-transplant to non-transplant patients, a significantly higher proportion of people with an organ transplant were hospitalised compared with non-transplants (20 (74%) vs 66 (46%), p=0.009). In post-transplant patients there were twice as many males in the cohort, with 83% having been hospitalised compared with 56% of females (Table 3) .
    keywords: cov-2; people; transplant
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        item: #1528 of 5187
          id: cord-280068-rszu1c48
      author: Twomey, Julianne D.
       title: COVID-19 update: The race to therapeutic development
        date: 2020-10-24
       words: 6208
      flesch: 26
     summary: Heparin, previously approved as a blood thinner, was originally used in COVID-19 clinical trials to limit lung injury and prevent blood clot formation (Ayerbe et al., 2020; . We highlight two major lines of therapeutic strategies for COVID-19 treatment: 1) repurposing the existing drugs for use in COVID-19 patients, such as antiviral medications (e.g., remdesivir) and immunomodulators (e.g., dexamethasone) which were previously approved for other disease conditions, and 2) novel biological products that are designed to target specific molecules that are involved in SARS-COV-2 viral entry, including neutralizing antibodies against the spike protein of SARS-COV-2, such as REGN-COV2 (an antibody cocktail) and LY-COV555, as well as recombinant human soluble ACE2 protein to counteract SARS-COV-2 binding to the transmembrane ACE2 receptor in target cells.
    keywords: ace2; antibodies; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; et al; human; infection; patients; potential; protein; sars; spike; treatment; virus
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        item: #1529 of 5187
          id: cord-280147-xvzi1i0v
      author: Consoli, Letizia
       title: 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia complications: the importance of lung ultrasound
        date: 2020-06-19
       words: 1390
      flesch: 41
     summary: In addition to these primary imaging methods, lung ultrasound (LUS) provides a timely bedside evaluation of COVID-19 patients, both in the primary assessment and during monitoring to adjust treatment plan [10] . Moreover, chest radiography and computed tomography (CT) scan complete the diagnostic approach to COVID-19 patients, usually showing groundglass opacities, sometimes associated with consolidative patterns
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; lung; patients; ultrasound
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        item: #1530 of 5187
          id: cord-280172-6o1gqe8v
      author: Sanami, Samira
       title: Design of a Multi-epitope Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 using Immunoinformatics approach
        date: 2020-07-15
       words: 5871
      flesch: 50
     summary: The study of vaccine structure in this complex showed high RMSF in most of its amino acids. KK and GPGPG linkers joined the screened T and B-cell epitopes in a structure of multi-epitope vaccine, respectively.
    keywords: amino; cell; epitopes; fig; hla; model; protein; sars; server; simulation; structure; vaccine
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        item: #1531 of 5187
          id: cord-280198-bhjw6xc5
      author: Olaleye, Omonike A.
       title: Discovery of Clioquinol and Analogues as Novel Inhibitors of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection, ACE2 and ACE2 - Spike Protein Interaction In Vitro
        date: 2020-08-14
       words: 1831
      flesch: 23
     summary: The crystal structure of full length human ACE2 revealed that the RBD on SARS-CoV-2 419 S1 binds directly to the metallopeptidase domain (MPD) of ACE2 receptor 40,41 , that consists of 420 amino acid residues that coordinates zinc, providing further support for the utility of zinc chelators The strengths of our study includes, the use of a rapid multi-prong approach via three World Health Organization (WHO) Director-General's opening remarks at the media briefing on 520 COVID-19 Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Situation Report A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Potential Effects of Coronaviruses 527 on the Cardiovascular System: A Review Neurological Manifestations of Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, 530 China: A Retrospective Case Series Study Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China Potential Antiviral Drugs Under Evaluation for the Treatment of COVID-19 COVID-19 Treatment Guidelines Current updates on the European and WHO registered clinical trials of 544 coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Clioquinol, an alternative antimicrobial agent against 550 common pathogenic microbe Effect of clioquinol, an 8-hydroxyquinoline derivative, on 552 rotavirus infection in mice RNA dependent DNA polymerase 554 (reverse transcriptase) from avian myeloblastosis virus: a zinc metalloenzyme Characterization of Clioquinol and Analogs as Novel Inhibitors of Methionine 557 Aminopeptidases from Mycobacterium tuberculosis Killing of non-replicating Mycobacterium tuberculosis by 8-33 Structure and function of the methionine aminopeptidases Control of protein life-span by N-terminal methionine 599 excision Zinc supplementation for the treatment or prevention of 601 disease: Current status and future perspectives Pyrithione and 8-hydroxyquinolines transport lead 603 across erythrocyte membranes Clioquinol and pyrithione activate TRPA1 605 by increasing intracellular Zn2+ Zinc-binding compounds induce cancer cell death via 608 distinct modes of action Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation Structural basis for the recognition of SARS-CoV-2 by full-length human ACE2 Structural and Functional Basis of SARS-CoV-2 Entry by Using Human ACE2 Quantitative mRNA expression profiling of 621 ACE 2, a novel homologue of angiotensin converting enzyme Angiotensin converting 624 enzyme-2 Structure of SARS coronavirus 631 spike receptor-binding domain complexed with receptor Receptor Recognition Mechanisms of Coronaviruses: a Decade of Structural Studies Cryo-EM structure of the SARS coronavirus spike 635 glycoprotein in complex with its host cell receptor ACE2 Cleavage of the SARS coronavirus spike glycoprotein by airway proteases 638 enhances virus entry into human bronchial epithelial cells in vitro Cryo-electron microscopy structures of the SARS-CoV spike glycoprotein reveal a 647 prerequisite conformational state for receptor binding Host cell proteases: Critical determinants of coronavirus tropism 649 and pathogenesis Characterization of a Highly 651 Conserved Domain within the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Spike Protein 652 S2 Domain with Characteristics of a Viral Fusion Peptide Adapting Cell-Based Assays to the High-654 Throughput Screening Platform:
    keywords: ace2; analogues; clq; coronavirus; covid-19; sars
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        item: #1532 of 5187
          id: cord-280231-jo3grxd5
      author: Hardenberg, Jan‐Hendrik
       title: Covid‐19, ACE2 and the kidney
        date: 2020-08-02
       words: 3911
      flesch: 51
     summary: 25 That Covid-19 patients develop acute kidney injury (AKI) would not be a surprise. A brief overview of Covid-19 patients, acute kidney injury (AKI) and renal-replacement therapies (RRT) Stepwise multivariate binary logistic regression analyses showed that severity of pneumonia was the risk factor most commonly associated with lower odds of proteinuric or haematuric remission and recovery from AKI.
    keywords: ace2; acute; aki; angiotensin; cov-2; covid-19; disease; enzyme; kidney; patients; sars
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        item: #1533 of 5187
          id: cord-280280-9jr7ekbu
      author: Bertoncelli, Deborah
       title: COVID19: potential cardiovascular issues in pediatric patients
        date: 2020-05-11
       words: 3395
      flesch: 20
     summary: Children do not seem to count for a large proportion of COVID-19 disease infections. According to a morbidity/mortality report by the Centers for Disease Control of the United States, among the pediatric cases with information on underlying conditions, the most common underlying condition after chronic lung disease was cardiovascular disease (58, 59) .
    keywords: acute; children; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; patients; sars
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        item: #1534 of 5187
          id: cord-280350-ay4cnzn5
      author: Chan, Jasper F.W.
       title: Broad-spectrum antivirals for the emerging Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus
        date: 2013-10-03
       words: 5166
      flesch: 34
     summary: 73 Is the discovery of the novel human betacoronavirus 2c EMC/2012 (HCoV-EMC) the beginning of another SARS-like pandemic The emerging novel Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: the knowns and unknowns Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV); announcement of the coronavirus study group Global alert and response: Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) e update e as of 4 October Comparative analysis of twelve genomes of three novel group 2c and group 2d coronaviruses reveals unique group and subgroup features Genetic relatedness of the novel human lineage C betacoronavirus to Tylonycteris bat coronavirus HKU4 and Pipistrellus bat coronavirus HKU5 Genetic characterization of Betacoronavirus lineage C viruses in bats revealed marked sequence divergence in the spike protein of Pipistrellus bat coronavirus HKU5 in Japanese pipistrelle: implications on the origin of the novel Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Interspecies transmission and emergence of novel viruses: lessons from bats and birds Genomic characterization of a newly discovered coronavirus associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome in humans Human betacoronavirus 2c EMC/2012-related viruses in bats, Ghana and Europe Coronaviruses in bats from Mexico Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV): challenges in identifying its source and controlling its spread Differential cell line susceptibility to the emerging novel human betacoronavirus 2c EMC/2012: implications on disease pathogenesis and clinical manifestation Human coronavirus EMC does not require the SARScoronavirus receptor and maintains broad replicative capability in mammalian cell lines Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus neutralizing serum antibodies in dromedary camels: a comparative serological study Update: severe respiratory illness associated with middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) e Worldwide Clinical features and viral diagnosis of two cases of infection with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus: a report of nosocomial transmission Family cluster of middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infections Hospital outbreak of middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus A family cluster of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus infections related to a likely unrecognized asymptomatic or mild case First cases of middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infections in France, investigations and implications for the prevention of human-to-human transmission Clinical features and virological analysis of a case of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Epidemiological, demographic, and clinical characteristics of 47 cases of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus disease from Saudi Arabia: a descriptive study Identification of influenza A nucleoprotein as an antiviral target Two years after pandemic influenza A/2009/H1N1: what have we learned? Avian influenza A H5N1 virus: a continuous threat to humans Human infections with the emerging avian influenza A H7N9 virus from wet market poultry: clinical analysis and characterisation of viral genome The emergence of influenza A (H7N9) sixteen years after influenza A(H5N1) in humans: a tale of two cities Clinical, virological, and histopathological manifestations of fatal human infections by avian influenza A(H7N9) virus Delayed antiviral plus immunomodulator treatment still reduces mortality in mice infected by high inoculum of influenza A/H5N1 virus Role of lopinavir/ritonavir in the treatment of SARS: initial virological and clinical findings Thiopurine analogues inhibit papain-like protease of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus as an agent of emerging and reemerging infection In vitro susceptibility of 10 clinical isolates of SARS coronavirus to selected antiviral compounds Treatment of SARS with human interferons Interferon-gamma and interleukin-4 downregulate expression of the SARS coronavirus receptor ACE2 in Vero E6 cells Characterization of SARS-CoV main protease and identification of biologically active small molecule inhibitors using a continuous fluorescence-based assay Identification of novel small-molecule inhibitors of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus by chemical genetics Inhibition of novel b coronavirus replication by a combination of interferon-a2b and ribavirin Mycophenolate mofetil: an update Identification of active antiviral compounds against a New York isolate of West Nile virus Mycophenolic acid inhibits replication of Japanese encephalitis virus The predominant mechanism by which ribavirin exerts its antiviral activity in vitro against flaviviruses and paramyxoviruses is mediated by inhibition of IMP dehydrogenase Mycophenolic acid inhibits dengue virus infection by preventing replication of viral RNA Cellular IMPDH enzyme activity is a potential target for the inhibition of Chikungunya virus replication and virus induced apoptosis in cultured mammalian cells Antiviral or proviral action of mycophenolic acid in hepatitis B infection?
    keywords: acid; coronavirus; cov; east; human; interferon; mers; middle; ribavirin; sars; syndrome
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        item: #1535 of 5187
          id: cord-280392-ij5gtesw
      author: Gultom, Mitra
       title: Susceptibility of well-differentiated airway epithelial cell cultures from domestic and wildlife animals to SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-11-10
       words: 2258
      flesch: 29
     summary: Longitudinal Fecal Screening In Malayan Tigers Composition and divergence of coronavirus spike proteins and host ACE2 receptors predict 354 potential intermediate hosts of SARS-CoV-2 SARS-CoV-2 spike protein predicted to form complexes with host receptor protein 356 orthologues from a broad range of mammals Livestock susceptibility to infection 358 with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Limited susceptibility of chickens, turkeys, and mice to pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus Susceptibility of pigs and chickens to SARS coronavirus The contribution of animal models to the understanding of the host 364 range and virulence of influenza A viruses Influenza virus reservoirs and intermediate hosts: dogs, 366 horses, and new possibilities for influenza virus exposure of humans Emerging influenza D virus threat: What we know so far! For both rhesus macaques and cats, SARS-141 CoV-2 antigen-positive cells predominantly overlapped with the non-ciliated cell populations, 142 irrespective of the incubation temperature.
    keywords: ace2; aec; cat; cells; cov-2; sars; species
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        item: #1536 of 5187
          id: cord-280408-0ze1lfnf
      author: Leon, A.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 infection may mask another infection
        date: 2020-05-16
       words: 148
      flesch: 31
     summary: Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis DOI: 10.1016/j.anorl.2020.05.005 sha: doc_id: 280408 cord_uid: 0ze1lfnf nan Brain CT, axial scan with bone window setting. Neurological Complications of Acute and Chronic Sinusitis Neurologic Features in Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection Incidence of thrombotic complications in critically ill ICU patients with COVID-19 European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps Intraoperative bacterial analysis in nasal polyposis: Clinical and functional impact
    keywords: sinus
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        item: #1537 of 5187
          id: cord-280423-v3r7vo0o
      author: Desmazes‐Dufeu, Nadine
       title: Discordant courses of COVID‐19 in a cohabiting couple of lung transplant recipients
        date: 2020-07-31
       words: 1778
      flesch: 41
     summary: Further studies, however, are needed to confirm this role, to optimize the management of ISDs in COVID-19 lung transplant recipients, and to better understand the immuno-pathological mechanisms involved. She had no other symptoms and did not report any history of travels abroad nor any exposure to COVID-19 patients, save for her husband with whom she cohabited in a small apartment.
    keywords: covid-19; isds; lung; patients; recipients; transplant
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        item: #1538 of 5187
          id: cord-280427-smqc23vr
      author: Singla, Rubal
       title: Human animal interface of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) transmission: a critical appraisal of scientific evidence
        date: 2020-09-14
       words: 7198
      flesch: 52
     summary: Various cases of human to animal transmission have also come up indicating the risk of the virus to domestic animals or pets (Oreshkova et al. 2020) . With the increasing reports of transmission of COVID-19 from infected humans to pets (like cats and dogs) and tigers and lions, there is an urgent need for public health officials to identify and investigate the possibility of virus transmission from pets to humans.
    keywords: animals; cats; cov-2; covid-19; et al; ferrets; humans; pets; rna; sars; transmission; virus
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        item: #1539 of 5187
          id: cord-280454-etf32afd
      author: Moustaqil, Mehdi
       title: SARS-CoV-2 proteases cleave IRF3 and critical modulators of inflammatory pathways (NLRP12 and TAB1): implications for disease presentation across species and the search for reservoir hosts
        date: 2020-06-05
       words: 10177
      flesch: 51
     summary: (*) the protein sequences for Cotton rats (Sigmodon hispidus) and Minks (Neovison vison) were found using tblastn against shotgun genomes, with the Query AAH7172.1 for IRF3 protein [(Isoform 1) Homo sapiens] and NP_653288.1 for NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 12 (C) Schematic representation of TAB1 protein structure with the location of the identified cleavage sites on the primary sequence.
    keywords: 3clpro; cell; cleavage; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; expression; fig; fragments; gfp; human; irf3; nlrp12; plpro; protease; proteins; sars; sites; species; tab1; terminal
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        item: #1540 of 5187
          id: cord-280518-2tl0mtb8
      author: Xia, Jianhua
       title: Evaluation of coronavirus in tears and conjunctival secretions of patients with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection
        date: 2020-03-12
       words: 1370
      flesch: 53
     summary: In 2004, some researchers found that the tears of SARS patients tested positive for viral nucleic acid, some patients only showed positive results with tear samples, 8 and the chromosome of SARS-CoV-2 was 82% similar to that of SARS-CoV. 9 On 11 February 2020, the WHO officially named infection due to the virus as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID- 19) 5 Study Group of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses named 2019-nCoV severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2, or SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: 2019; conjunctival; coronavirus; patients
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        item: #1541 of 5187
          id: cord-280528-7ivw72l0
      author: TUFAN, Abdurrahman
       title: COVID-19, immune system response, hyperinflammation and repurposing antirheumatic drugs
        date: 2020-04-21
       words: 7073
      flesch: 37
     summary: Potential benefits of precise corticosteroids therapy for severe 2019-nCoV pneumonia Adjuvant corticosteroid therapy for critically ill patients with COVID-19 Factors associated with prolonged viral RNA shedding in patients with COVID-19 Chloroquine analogues in drug discovery: new directions of uses, mechanisms of actions and toxic manifestations from malaria to multifarious diseases Heart conduction disorders related to antimalarials toxicity: an analysis of electrocardiograms in 85 patients treated with hydroxychloroquine for connective tissue diseases Myasthenia gravis due to hydroxychloroquine Chloroquine cardiomyopathy a review of the literature Simultaneous quantitation of hydroxychloroquine and its metabolites in mouse blood and tissues using LC-ESI-MS/ MS: an application for pharmacokinetic studies The use of antimalarial drugs against viral infection Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread Influenza A virus H5N1 entry into host cells is through clathrin-dependent endocytosis pH-dependent entry of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus is mediated by the spike glycoprotein and enhanced by dendritic cell transfer through DC-SIGN Fibronectin receptor modulates cyclindependent kinase activity Mechanisms of action of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine: implications for rheumatology In two small observational study, use of corticosteroids did not show a survival benefit in COVID-19 patients even increased mortality rates when used in high doses [51]
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; cytokine; disease; hcq; il-6; immune; infection; patients; protein; sars; studies; syndrome; treatment; use
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        item: #1542 of 5187
          id: cord-280544-1rhu478r
      author: Korte, Wolfgang
       title: SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgA antibody response is gender dependent; and IgG antibodies rapidly decline early on
        date: 2020-08-25
       words: 822
      flesch: 35
     summary: Upon the first blood sampling (corresponding to the median of 5 weeks after the PCR test (95% CI 5-6 weeks)), 4·6%, 4·6% and 6·5% of participants have not developed measurable anti-SP IgG, anti-SP IgA or anti-NC IgG, respectively. We speculate that the overall course of anti-SP IgA (with no further decline despite IgG declining, Figure 1c ) as well as the sex specific differences with an early, pronounced peak in men and a subpopulation of men with significantly higher IgA titers than the remainder (figure 2c) may be the result of an ongoing infection, which needs further attention and clarification (previous work has shown that IgA has a protective role against influenza A 9 ).
    keywords: iga; igg; sars
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        item: #1543 of 5187
          id: cord-280621-tph5n7ak
      author: Kim, Yunjeong
       title: Reversal of the Progression of Fatal Coronavirus Infection in Cats by a Broad-Spectrum Coronavirus Protease Inhibitor
        date: 2016-03-30
       words: 7435
      flesch: 50
     summary: These results on viral titers show that FIPV 3CLpro is a valid target for FIPV antiviral drugs and GC376 can effectively reduce the virus load in the macrophages from the ascites and the omentum of cats with FIP. This supportive treatment was discontinued before antiviral drug treatment commenced.
    keywords: 3clpro; cats; coronavirus; cov; drug; feline; fig; fipv; gc376; npi52; sars; study; treatment
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        item: #1544 of 5187
          id: cord-280627-dfnc9g2c
      author: Wang, Xiong
       title: Comparison of nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs for SARS-CoV-2 detection in 353 patients received tests with both specimens simultaneously
        date: 2020-04-18
       words: 1847
      flesch: 46
     summary: Two consecutively negative RT-PCR test results in respiratory tract specimens is required for the evaluation of discharge from hospital, and oropharyngeal swabs were the most common sample. Higher positive rate (positive tests/total tests) was observed in nasopharyngeal swabs than oropharyngeal swabs, especially in inpatients.
    keywords: covid-19; nasopharyngeal; patients; swabs
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        item: #1545 of 5187
          id: cord-280628-ok62havd
      author: Groß, Sonja
       title: SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2-dependent implications on the cardiovascular system: From basic science to clinical implications
        date: 2020-04-30
       words: 4463
      flesch: 34
     summary: This, and the fact that SARS-CoV-2 hijacks ACE2 for cell-entry, have spurred controversial discussions on the role of ACE2 in COVID-19 patients. We further highlight currently investigated and upcoming therapy options for COVID-19 patients with cardiac disease conditions. launched to determine the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.
    keywords: ace2; angiotensin; cardiac; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; infection; patients; receptor; sars; system
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        item: #1546 of 5187
          id: cord-280662-gakayv6e
      author: Bian, Jingwei
       title: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2): SARS-CoV-2 receptor and RAS modulator
        date: 2020-10-13
       words: 5289
      flesch: 34
     summary: A first step in understanding SARS pathogenesis Single-cell RNA-seq data analysis on the receptor ACE2 expression reveals the potential risk of different human organs vulnerable to 2019-nCoV infection AGTR2, one possible novel key gene for the entry of 2019-nCoV into human cells Expression of genes coding for selected amino acid transporters in small intestine, liver, and skeletal muscle of pigs fed excess branched-chain amino acids SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor A recombinant VSV-vectored MERS-CoV vaccine induces neutralizing antibody and T cell responses in rhesus monkeys after single dose immunization Characterization of spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 on virus entry and its immune cross-reactivity with SARS-CoV Regulated internalization of caveolae Lipid rafts are involved in SARS-CoV entry into Vero E6 cells TMPRSS2 contributes to virus spread and immunopathology in the airways of murine models after coronavirus infection Proteolytic ectodomain shedding of membrane proteins in mammals-hardware, concepts, and recent developments Protease-mediated ectodomain shedding A disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 in the cardiovascular and central nervous systems Cell entry mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 A multibasic cleavage site in the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 is essential for infection of human lung cells Comparative genetic analysis of the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV/SARS-CoV-2) receptor ACE2 in different populations Angiotensin II induced proteolytic cleavage of myocardial ACE2 is mediated by TACE/ADAM-17: a positive feedback mechanism in the RAS Soluble angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in human heart failure: relation with myocardial function and clinical outcomes Renin-angiotensin system and J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f cardiovascular functions Fiend and friend in the renin angiotensin system: an insight on acute kidney injury Angiotensin II receptor subtypes and cardiac function AT2 receptors in cardiovascular and renal diseases Counter-regulatory renin-angiotensin system in cardiovascular disease Drug discovery in renin-angiotensin system intervention: past and future Hydrolysis of biological peptides by human angiotensin-converting enzyme-related carboxypeptidase /MAS For example, ACE2 protein is abundantly expressed in the lung and heart which are the vulnerable organs for SARS-CoV-2 33 .
    keywords: ace2; angiotensin; converting; coronavirus; cov-2; enzyme; expression; infection; protein; receptor; sars; virus
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        item: #1547 of 5187
          id: cord-280671-0b1qcdwk
      author: Calderone, Alba
       title: Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators in COVID-19: A Possible Therapeutic Option?
        date: 2020-07-15
       words: 1557
      flesch: 27
     summary: These changes were also associated with elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines in lungs of male mice. Besides Th17 responses, patients diagnosed with COVID-19 showed marked rise of the Th1 subset (inflammatory cytokines IL-1b, IL-6, and IL-12) for more than 2 weeks after the infection onset (Russell et al., 2020) .
    keywords: covid-19; estrogen; sars
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        item: #1548 of 5187
          id: cord-280697-tovty20e
      author: Rodríguez‐Martínez, Carlos E.
       title: Efficacy, safety and cost‐effectiveness of hydroxychloroquine in children with COVID‐19: A call for evidence
        date: 2020-06-03
       words: 930
      flesch: 37
     summary: At a time of great uncertainty, evidence is urgently needed to inform treatment options, and therefore, randomised controlled trials are necessary to clarify further the clinical benefit of HCQ in paediatric patients with SARS-CoV-2 infections. As the pandemic draws to a close, the societal and economic impact of COVID-19 will have generational effects on child health and well-being.
    keywords: covid-19; hydroxychloroquine; sars
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        item: #1549 of 5187
          id: cord-280774-r2xm164s
      author: Gallizzi, Romina
       title: Management of pernio‐like cutaneous manifestations in children during the outbreak of covid‐19.
        date: 2020-09-19
       words: 2085
      flesch: 40
     summary: Different longitudinal patterns of nucleic acid and serology testing results based on disease severity of COVID-19 patients A clinical, histopathological and laboratory study of 19 consecutive Italian paediatric patients with chilblain-like lesions: lights and shadows on the relationship with COVID-19 infection Diversity of clinical appearance of cutaneous manifestations in the course of COVID-19 The first, holistic immunological model of COVID-19: implications for prevention, diagnosis, and public health measures Type I interferons (a/b) in immunity and autoimmunity COVID-19) infection-induced chilblains: A case report with histopathologic findings COVID-19 a proteiform disease inducing also molecular mimicry phenomena? Guillain Barre syndrome associated with COVID-19 infection: A case report COVID-19 and molecular mimicry: The Columbus' egg? Molecular mimicry between SARS-CoV-2 and respiratory pacemaker neurons Molecular mimicry may explain multi-organ damage in COVID-19 Immunobiology: the immune system in health and disease Leukocytoclastic vasculitis LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS aCL: anti-cardiolipin antibodies AIFM: Apoptosis-inducing factor 1, mitochondrial ANA: antinuclear antibodies anti-β2GP1: anti β-2-glycoprotein1 antibodies aPL: antiphospholipid antibodies C3a: complement factor 3 anaphylotoxin C5a: complement factor 5 anaphylotoxin CBC: Skin lesions observed were purplish, erythematous and oedematous, in some cases painful and itchy.
    keywords: covid-19; infection; lesions; patients; pernio; sars
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        item: #1550 of 5187
          id: cord-280819-z6ucnwk0
      author: Achilonu, Ikechukwu
       title: Targeting the SARS-CoV-2 main protease using FDA-approved Isavuconazonium, a P2-P3 α-ketoamide derivative and Pentagastrin: an in-silico drug discovery approach
        date: 2020-09-02
       words: 5421
      flesch: 45
     summary: Annual review of biochemistry DrugBank: a knowledgebase for drugs, drug actions and drug targets DrugBank: a comprehensive resource for in silico drug discovery and exploration PubChem substance and compound databases PubChem as a public resource for drug discovery. Proteases are attractive targets in a rational approach to COVID-19 drug discovery.
    keywords: covid-19; discovery; drug; dynamics; energy; ligand; protease; sars; structure; studies; study
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        item: #1551 of 5187
          id: cord-280821-kc0ut4oy
      author: Venturini, Elisabetta
       title: Treatment of children with COVID-19: position paper of the Italian Society of Pediatric Infectious Disease
        date: 2020-09-24
       words: 5485
      flesch: 38
     summary: At present, few clinical trials for COVID-19 treatment involving children are ongoing [8] . Currently, American guidelines on COVID-19 treatment published in May 2020, recommend both in children and adults to use lopinavir/ritonavir only in the context of clinical trials, given the lack of effectiveness reported now in literature [9, 12] .
    keywords: children; cov-2; covid-19; days; hydroxychloroquine; infection; patients; sars; therapy; treatment; use
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        item: #1552 of 5187
          id: cord-280914-6k8gpp4y
      author: Alpaslan Kocamemi, B.
       title: First Data-Set on SARS-CoV-2 Detection for Istanbul Wastewaters in Turkey
        date: 2020-05-06
       words: 2158
      flesch: 57
     summary: SARS-CoV-2 copy numbers per liter and calculated indexes in wastewater samples were summarized in Table 1 and shown in Figure 1 together with case number observed at the sampling district against influent flowrate of WWTPs. SARS-CoV-2 virus genome was detected in wastewater samples.
    keywords: cases; cov-2; covid-19; samples; sars; wastewater
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        item: #1553 of 5187
          id: cord-280915-yk872yaz
      author: Flaherman, Valerie J
       title: Infant Outcomes Following Maternal Infection with SARS-CoV-2: First Report from the PRIORITY Study
        date: 2020-09-18
       words: 1529
      flesch: 40
     summary: Our cohort of 263 infants included 179 and 84, respectively, born to mothers testing positive or negative for SARS CoV-2. t 5 See the Table for other clinical and demographic characteristics by maternal SARS CoV-2 status.
    keywords: cov-2; infants; mothers; sars
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        item: #1554 of 5187
          id: cord-280922-w6a5ec06
      author: Sen, Sanjana
       title: Predicting COVID-19 Severity with a Specific Nucleocapsid Antibody plus Disease Risk Factor Score
        date: 2020-10-29
       words: 4144
      flesch: 46
     summary: Here, ELISA and coronavirus antigen microarray (COVAM) analysis mapped antibody epitopes in the plasma of COVID-19 patients (n = 86) experiencing a wide-range of disease states. Here, ELISA and coronavirus antigen microarray (COVAM) analysis mapped antibody epitopes in the plasma of COVID-19 patients (n = 86) experiencing a wide-range of disease states.
    keywords: abs; cov-2; covid-19; disease; epitopes; patients; sars; severity; αep9
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        item: #1555 of 5187
          id: cord-280924-g6062fwk
      author: Hachim, Mahmood Yaseen
       title: Interferon-Induced Transmembrane Protein (IFITM3) Is Upregulated Explicitly in SARS-CoV-2 Infected Lung Epithelial Cells
        date: 2020-06-10
       words: 2857
      flesch: 31
     summary: Interestingly valproic acid, carbon nanotubes, nickel, and tert-butylhydroperoxide were shown to upregulate IFITM3 expression while pirinixic acid, acetaminophen, and Ethinyl estradiol decreased such an expression ( Table 5) . IFITM3 polymorphisms have been linked with hospitalization and mortality during influenza virus infection (29) .
    keywords: acid; cells; cov-2; covid-19; genes; ifitm3; infected; sars
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        item: #1556 of 5187
          id: cord-280939-d478p8u6
      author: Abe, Kento T.
       title: A simple protein-based surrogate neutralization assay for SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-10-02
       words: 7601
      flesch: 46
     summary: Coronavirus Spike Protein and Tropism Changes Structure, Function, and Antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor Neutralizing Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and Other Human Coronaviruses Broadly neutralizing antiviral antibodies Deployment of convalescent plasma for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 Two Detailed Plaque Assay Protocols for the Quantification of Infectious SARS-CoV-2 Protocol and Reagents for Pseudotyping Lentiviral Particles with SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein for Neutralization Assays Pseudotype Neutralization Assays: From Laboratory Bench to Data Analysis A serological assay to detect SARS-CoV-2 seroconversion in humans Evidence for sustained mucosal and systemic antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 antigens in COVID-19 patients Dynamics of neutralizing antibody titers in the months after SARS-CoV-2 infection Longitudinal evaluation and decline of antibody responses in SARS-CoV-2 infection Neutralizing and binding antibody kinetics of COVID-19 patients during hospital and convalescent phases SARS-CoV-2 infection induces robust, neutralizing antibody responses that are stable for at least 3 months A SARS-CoV-2 surrogate virus neutralization test based on antibody-mediated blockage of ACE2-spike protein-protein interaction Convergent antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in convalescent individuals Structural Basis for Potent Neutralization of Betacoronaviruses by Single-Domain Camelid Antibodies Clinical and immunological assessment of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections Potent neutralizing antibodies from COVID-19 patients define multiple targets of vulnerability A neutralizing human antibody binds to the N-terminal domain of the Spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 A human monoclonal antibody blocking SARS-CoV-2 infection A noncompeting pair of human neutralizing antibodies block COVID-19 virus binding to its receptor ACE2. While ELISA-based assays to detect and quantitate antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in patient samples have been developed, the detection of neutralizing antibodies typically requires more demanding cell-based viral assays.
    keywords: ace2; antibodies; antibody; assay; binding; cov-2; figure; neutralization; protein; rbd; samples; sars; serum; snelisa; spike
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        item: #1557 of 5187
          id: cord-280958-36ytqapi
      author: Decker, Summer J
       title: 3D Printed Alternative to the Standard Synthetic Flocked Nasopharyngeal Swabs Used for COVID-19 testing
        date: 2020-09-10
       words: 3517
      flesch: 55
     summary: As this study was developed in response to a critical shortage of testing swabs, our hospitals were unable to provide large FLNP swab samples to be used for clinical trial. However, disruption in the medical supply chain [13] caused by this crisis resulted in test kit shortages, including FLNP swabs.
    keywords: 3dp; covid-19; flnp; swab; testing
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        item: #1558 of 5187
          id: cord-280961-fka8c69p
      author: Zhang, Rui
       title: CT features of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia according to clinical presentation: a retrospective analysis of 120 consecutive patients from Wuhan city
        date: 2020-04-11
       words: 3670
      flesch: 46
     summary: Severe patients were 20 years older on average and had comorbidities and an elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level. These findings may help clinicians to identify severe patients quickly at admission.
    keywords: 2019; cases; coronavirus; disease; findings; patients; pneumonia; sars
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        item: #1559 of 5187
          id: cord-280970-gy0kfhy6
      author: Peng, Fujun
       title: Management and Treatment of COVID-19: The Chinese Experience
        date: 2020-04-17
       words: 2634
      flesch: 32
     summary: Clinical management of severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) when COVID-19 disease is suspected2020 Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan Clinical characteristics of 140 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study Clinical features and progression of acute respiratory distress syndrome in coronavirus disease 2019. The Lancet On the use of corticosteroids for 2019-nCoV pneumonia Retrospective study of side effects of low-dose glucocorticoids in rheumatoid arthritis Early, low-dose and short-term application of corticosteroid treatment in patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia: single-center experience from Wuhan, China.
    keywords: china; coronavirus; covid-19; novel; patients; pneumonia; sars; treatment; wuhan
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        item: #1560 of 5187
          id: cord-280979-0vaarrji
      author: Gauttier, V.
       title: Tissue-resident memory CD8 T-cell responses elicited by a single injection of a multi-target COVID-19 vaccine
        date: 2020-08-14
       words: 4320
      flesch: 18
     summary: Our in-vivo results showed that a single injection of selected CD8 T cell epitopes induces memory viral-specific T-cell responses with a phenotype of tissue-resident memory T cells (Trm). Th1-biasing immunization using CD8 T cells optimized peptide vaccination may offer an important alternative and complementary approach with a history of safe administration, may be developed and updated rapidly, and should avoid safety pitfalls in the pursuit of a COVID-19 vaccine 8, 13, 14 .
    keywords: cd8; cell; covid-19; epitopes; hla; memory; peptide; responses; sars; vaccine; virus
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        item: #1561 of 5187
          id: cord-280994-w8dtfjel
      author: Peng, Qi
       title: Structural and biochemical characterization of nsp12-nsp7-nsp8 core polymerase complex from COVID-19 virus
        date: 2020-04-23
       words: 2124
      flesch: 41
     summary: Python-based system for macromolecular structure solution Mechanism of nucleic acid unwinding by SARS-CoV helicase Biochemical characterization of a 555 recombinant SARS coronavirus nsp12 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase capable of copying 556 viral RNA templates Shaping the flavivirus replication complex: It is 558 curvaceous! Fast and accurate defocus estimation from 621 electron micrographs Transmission of 2019-nCoV infection from an 624 asymptomatic contact in Germany Insights into RNA 626 synthesis, capping, and proofreading mechanisms of SARS-coronavirus Viral RNA polymerase: a promising antiviral target 628 for influenza A virus One severe acute respiratory syndrome 631 coronavirus protein complex integrates processive RNA polymerase and exonuclease activities Coronaviridae and SARS-associated coronavirus strain HSR1 Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel 638 coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China Structural basis for the inhibition of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 641 from SARS-CoV-2 by Remdesivir.
    keywords: cov; nsp12; nsp7; nsp8; polymerase; rna; sars
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        item: #1562 of 5187
          id: cord-280996-anq680a1
      author: Agarwal, Arnav
       title: High-flow nasal cannula for acute hypoxemic respiratory failure in patients with COVID-19: systematic reviews of effectiveness and its risks of aerosolization, dispersion, and infection transmission
        date: 2020-06-15
       words: 7124
      flesch: 34
     summary: The effects of high-flow nasal cannula on intubation and re-intubation in critically ill patients: a systematic review, meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis The impact of high-flow nasal cannula on the outcome of immunocompromised patients with acute respiratory failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis High flow nasal therapy in immunocompromised patients with acute respiratory failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis Use high-flow nasal cannula for acute respiratory failure patients in the emergency department: a meta-analysis study Effect of high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy in immunocompromised subjects with acute respiratory failure High-flow nasal oxygen vs standard oxygen therapy in immunocompromised patients with acute respiratory failure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Efficacy of high-flow nasal cannula therapy in intensive care units: a meta-analysis of physiological and clinical outcomes High-flow nasal cannula versus conventional oxygen therapy in patients with dyspnea and hypoxemia before hospitalization a systematic review and metaanalysis The impact of high flow nasal oxygen in the immunocompromised critically ill: a systematic review and metaanalysis The impact of high-flow nasal oxygen in the immunocompromised critically ill: a systematic review and metaanalysis High flow nasal cannula oxygen vs. conventional oxygen therapy and non-invasive ventilation in emergency department patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis High-flow nasal cannula in adults with acute respiratory failure and after extubation: a systematic review and meta-analysis Non-invasive oxygenation strategies in immunocompromised patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure: a pairwise and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Initial non-invasive oxygenation strategies in subjects with de novo acute hypoxemic respiratory failure Use of high-flow nasal cannula for immunocompromise and acute respiratory failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis High-flow nasal cannula: a promising oxygen therapy for patients with severe bronchial asthma complicated with respiratory failure Value and safety of high flow oxygenation in the treatment of inpatient asthma: a randomized, double-blind, pilot study High-flow nasal cannula versus conventional oxygen therapy in relieving dyspnea in emergency palliative patients with do-not-intubate status: a randomized crossover study High-flow nasal cannula versus conventional oxygen therapy in emergency department patients with cardiogenic pulmonary edema: a randomized controlled trial
    keywords: acute; aerosol; cannula; certainty; covid-19; dispersion; failure; flow; hfnc; nasal; oxygen; patients; review; studies; therapy; ventilation
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        item: #1563 of 5187
          id: cord-281005-6gi18vka
      author: Singh, Praveen Kumar
       title: Mutations in SARS-CoV-2 Leading to Antigenic Variations in Spike Protein: A Challenge in Vaccine Development
        date: 2020-09-01
       words: 3164
      flesch: 48
     summary: 4, 5 In the present study, we found that although multiple genetic variants were identified in the same country, yet there were some unique mutations found in a particular country, which suggests that diversity of S protein mutations might have significant role in the pathogenicity of this virus in countries with high or low mortality rates, as proposed by others also. Conclusion S protein is the major target for vaccine development, but several mutations were predicted in the antigenic epitopes of S protein across all genomes available globally.
    keywords: antigenic; domain; genomes; mutations; protein; sars; spike; virus
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        item: #1564 of 5187
          id: cord-281081-rifr5uub
      author: Deng, Junhua
       title: Serological survey of SARS‐CoV‐2 for experimental, domestic, companion and wild animals excludes intermediate hosts of 35 different species of animals
        date: 2020-05-07
       words: 1525
      flesch: 47
     summary: After confirming the specificity, sensitivity and suitability of SARS-CoV-2 ELISA kit for different species of experimental animals, clinical serum samples from domestic livestock (pig, cow, sheep, horse), poultry (chicken, duck, goose), experimental animal (mice, rat and rhesus monkey), companion animal (dog and cat) and wild animals (camel, fox, mink, alpaca, ferret, bamboo rat, peacock, eagle, tiger rhinoceros, pangolin, leopard cat, jackal, giant panda, masked civet, porcupine, bear, yellow-throated marten, weasel, red pandas and wild boar) were used for antibody detection. One pet dog was reported to be SARS-CoV-2-positive detected by RT-PCR in Hongkong (https://www.news.gov.hk/eng/2020/02/20200 228/20200 228_093205_796.html).
    keywords: animals; cov-2; elisa; samples; sars
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        item: #1565 of 5187
          id: cord-281101-gv1sgbk1
      author: Shin, Gu-Choul
       title: Preparation and characterization of a novel monoclonal antibody specific to severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus nucleocapsid protein
        date: 2006-08-30
       words: 5936
      flesch: 42
     summary: SARS N proteins exist as phosphorylated forms in mature viral particles, whereas, in host cells, this protein exists in both the dephosphorylated form and the phosphorylated form (Kalicharran and Dales, 1995; Surjit et al., 2005) . Three IgG(2b) mAbs were recognized within the N-terminus of N protein, whereas the epitope of two IgG(1) mAbs localized within the C-terminus.
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; cov; elisa; mabs; n protein; protein; sars
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        item: #1566 of 5187
          id: cord-281106-vzb5xzza
      author: Zerwes, S.
       title: COVID-19-Infektion – Risiko für thrombembolische Komplikationen
        date: 2020-09-01
       words: 1943
      flesch: 29
     summary: The aim of the present review article is to summarize the most relevant vascular complications in COVID-19 patients. With a rate of approximately 20%, deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of the leg is one of the most common thromboembolic events in COVID-19 patients requiring intensive care treatment.
    keywords: bei; cov-2; covid-19; der; die; eine; mit; nicht; patients; sars; syndrome; thrombosis; und; von
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        item: #1567 of 5187
          id: cord-281113-t450ccnq
      author: Mattar, Rejane
       title: Breath tests for gastrointestinal diseases - will it be safe to conduct breath tests after the COVID-19 pandemic?
        date: 2020-06-16
       words: 757
      flesch: 42
     summary: key: cord-281113-t450ccnq authors: Mattar, Rejane title: Breath tests for gastrointestinal diseases - will it be safe to conduct breath tests after the COVID-19 pandemic? date: 2020-06-16 journal: Clinics (Sao Paulo) DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2020/e2092 sha: doc_id: 281113 cord_uid: t450ccnq nan intolerance, a genetic test is a safer choice than the lactose breath test (8) . It would be better to wait for a vaccine before resuming breath tests again, but it is unknown how long that will take.
    keywords: breath; patient; test
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        item: #1568 of 5187
          id: cord-281141-ouno4jpl
      author: Mahajan, Swapnil
       title: Immunodominant T-cell epitopes from the SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen reveal robust pre-existing T-cell immunity in unexposed individuals
        date: 2020-11-05
       words: 6239
      flesch: 46
     summary: Stained cells were analyzed in BD Accuri C6 Plus to detect the expression of activation markers IFN- and CD137 (4-1BB) on CD4 and CD8 T cells. medRxiv Revealing factors determining immunodominant responses against dominant epitopes Identifying specificity groups in the T cell receptor repertoire Clonally diverse CTL response to a dominant viral epitope recognizes potential epitope variants Narrowed TCR repertoire and viral escape as a consequence of heterologous immunity Limited T cell receptor repertoire diversity in tuberculosis patients correlates with clinical severity A molecular basis for the control of preimmune escape variants by HIV-specific CD8+ T cells Direct link between mhc polymorphism, T cell avidity, and diversity in immune defense SARS-CoV-2 T cell immunity: Specificity, function, durability, and role in protection Convergent antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in convalescent individuals Altered cytokine levels and immune responses in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and related conditions Disease severity dictates SARS-CoV-2-specific neutralizing antibody responses in COVID-19 High neutralizing antibody titer in intensive care unit patients with COVID-19 The Immune Epitope Database (IEDB): 2018 update NetMHCpan, a method for MHC class I binding prediction beyond humans Reliable prediction of T-cell epitopes using neural networks with novel sequence representations A simple method for displaying the hydropathic character of a protein NetMHCpan-4.1 and NetMHCIIpan-4.0: improved predictions of MHC antigen presentation by concurrent motif deconvolution and integration of MS MHC eluted ligand data
    keywords: cd8; cd8 t; cell; cov-2; donors; epitopes; figure; hla; peptide; response; sars; spike
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        item: #1569 of 5187
          id: cord-281161-u896icp9
      author: Wang, Jing
       title: The Adjuvanticity of an O. volvulus-Derived rOv-ASP-1 Protein in Mice Using Sequential Vaccinations and in Non-Human Primates
        date: 2012-05-17
       words: 6880
      flesch: 41
     summary: A number of microbial products, including bacterial LPS, peptidoglycan, dsRNA, muramyl peptides, CpG, flagellin and microbial proteins, were shown to act as vaccine adjuvants [41] [42] Alum's adjuvant action: grease is the word Alum interaction with dendritic cell membrane lipids is essential for its adjuvanticity Immunological mechanisms of vaccination Vaccine adjuvants: putting innate immunity to work Adjuvants for the future Recent advances in vaccine adjuvants Rationally-designed vaccine adjuvants: separating efficacy from toxicity Enhancing oral vaccine potency by targeting intestinal M cells Diversity and dialogue in immunity to helminths Immune regulation by helminth parasites: cellular and molecular mechanisms T helper type-2 cytokine responses: potential therapeutic targets Helminth antigens modulate TLR-initiated dendritic cell activation TLR11 activation of dendritic cells by a protozoan profilin-like protein rOv-ASP-1, a recombinant secreted protein of the helminth Onchocerca volvulus, is a potent adjuvant for inducing antibodies to ovalbumin, HIV-1 polypeptide and SARS-CoV peptide antigens Immune evasion genes from filarial nematodes Helminth parasites-masters of regulation A novel therapeutic approach targeting articular inflammation using the filarial nematode-derived phosphorylcholine-containing glycoprotein ES-62 ES-62, a filarial nematode-derived immunomodulator with anti-inflammatory potential Modulation of a heterologous immune response by the products of Ascaris suum Taenia crassiceps carbohydrates stimulate IL-6 expression in naive murine macrophages via Toll-like receptors (TLRs)
    keywords: adjuvant; antibodies; antibody; asp-1; cpg; mice; protein; responses; rov; rrbd; sars; th1; th2; vaccine
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        item: #1570 of 5187
          id: cord-281216-7t647fww
      author: Goldust, Mohamad
       title: Performing dermoscopy in the COVID‐19 pandemic
        date: 2020-05-05
       words: 501
      flesch: 50
     summary: It is advisable to wear adequate eye protection (goggles or visor) considering that exposed mucous membranes and unprotected eyes can increase the risk of SARS-CoV2 transmission. to disinfect hands with 60-70% isopropyl alcohol, provide verbal consents, and wear surgical masks before entering procedure rooms.
    keywords: copyright; dermoscopy; rights
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        item: #1571 of 5187
          id: cord-281241-k1adcls8
      author: Döhla, M.
       title: Rapid point-of-care testing for SARS-CoV-2 in a community screening setting shows low sensitivity
        date: 2020-04-18
       words: 1993
      flesch: 53
     summary: There was no statistically significant correlation between rapid test results and time from potential exposure (exact test, p ¼ 0.636), presence of symptoms (exact test, p ¼ 0.689), age (exact test, p ¼ 0.145) or gender (exact test, p ¼ 0.531). Positive individuals reported five symptoms in median (IQR: 3e7), while negative individuals reported only 4 (IQR: 2e5) symptoms.
    keywords: cov-2; individuals; infection; sars; test
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        item: #1572 of 5187
          id: cord-281248-z2gisufl
      author: Buonsenso, Danilo
       title: A Pediatric Strategy for the Next Phase of the SARS–CoV-2 Pandemic
        date: 2020-10-09
       words: 2974
      flesch: 37
     summary: The collaboration between experts in different fields from different countries was pivotal in writing a comprehensive manuscript on a particularly important topic on child health. (3) provide unique evidence to implement new guidelines and new routines to provide child education at school.
    keywords: children; cov-2; covid-19; health; sars; school; services
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        item: #1573 of 5187
          id: cord-281254-x7ivjvti
      author: Chang, Zhijie
       title: Therapeutic and Prophylactic Potential of Small Interfering RNAs against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome: Progress to Date
        date: 2012-08-16
       words: 3809
      flesch: 48
     summary: This had a further beneficial Therefore, this approach may enhance the development of siRNAs effect since it appears that the combination of the different siRNAs as a therapeutic intervention for SARS-CoV. had a synergistic effect on the inhibition of SARS-CoV replication. Challenges to In Vivo Application of siRNA siRNA duplexes were maintained in the cells.
    keywords: cells; cov; gene; replication; sars; sirna; targeting
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        item: #1574 of 5187
          id: cord-281281-knelqmzx
      author: Villas-Boas, Gustavo R.
       title: The New Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2): A Comprehensive Review on Immunity and the Application of Bioinformatics and Molecular Modeling to the Discovery of Potential Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Agents
        date: 2020-09-07
       words: 15802
      flesch: 36
     summary: Spike features determining 'host jump' of coronaviruses SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and beyond The spike protein of SARS-CoV-A target for vaccine and therapeutic development Cell responses to whole SARS coronavirus in Humans T-cell immunity of SARS-CoV: Implications for vaccine development against MERS-CoV Canine coronavirus highly pathogenic for dogs Experimental infection of dogs with a novel strain of canine coronavirus causing systemic disease and lymphopenia Prolonged depletion of circulating CD4+ T lymphocytes and acute monocytosis after pantropic canine coronavirus infection in dogs Canine Coronavirus: Not Only an Enteric Pathogen Molecular characterization of HLJ-073, a recombinant canine coronavirus strain from China with an ORF3abc deletion Genotypic Characterization of Canine Coronaviruses Associated with Fatal Canine Neonatal Enteritis in the United States Natural history of a recurrent feline coronavirus infection and the role of cellular immunity in survival and disease Acquisition of macrophage tropism during the pathogenesis of feline infectious peritonitis is determined by mutations in the feline coronavirus spike protein An update on canine coronaviruses: Viral evolution and pathobiology Epstein-Barr virus-Specific CD8+ T cells that re-express CD45RA are apoptosis-resistant memory cells that retain replicative potential Decreased CCR5 expression on CD4+ T Cells of SIV-Infected sooty mangabeys Expression of lymphocytes and lymphocyte subsets in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Renin-angiotensin system: The unexpected flaw inside the human immune system revealed by SARS-CoV-2 Immunity after natural exposure to enteric canine coronavirus does not provide complete protection against infection with the new pantropic CB/05 strain The Thymus Is a Common Target Organ Articles Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: Implications for virus origins and receptor binding First Cases of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) in Brazil, South America (2 Genomes The origins of bioinformatics Multiple sequence alignment modeling: Despite little understanding about the pathophysiology and high pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 infection, early studies have shown that increased amounts of proinflammatory cytokines in serum (e.g., (interleukin IL) IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, interferon-γ (IFNγ), Interferon-inducible protein 10 (IP10), and monocytic chemotactic protein 1 (MCP1)) were associated with pulmonary inflammation and extensive lung damage in patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)
    keywords: analysis; bioinformatics; cell; compounds; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; data; development; drugs; figure; host; human; infection; patients; potential; proteins; receptor; sars; spike; studies; system; target; treatment
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        item: #1575 of 5187
          id: cord-281285-5g1rw202
      author: Simonis, Alexander
       title: A comparative analysis of remdesivir and other repurposed antivirals against SARS‐CoV‐2
        date: 2020-11-03
       words: 9524
      flesch: 35
     summary: Several studies could show that entry, as shown for SARS-CoV before, depends on binding of the receptor-binding domain (RBD) (subunit S1) of the S-protein to the human angiotensin converting enzyme receptor 2 (ACE2; Hoffmann et al, 2020a; Walls et al, 2020) . intracellular release of genomic RNA Burkard et al, 2014; Ou et al, 2020) .
    keywords: activity; antiviral; cell; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; drugs; effects; efficacy; entry; et al; hcq; patients; rdv; replication; rna; sars; treatment; virus
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        item: #1576 of 5187
          id: cord-281294-dnaith3a
      author: Röhr, Susanne
       title: Psychosoziale Folgen von Quarantänemaßnahmen bei schwerwiegenden Coronavirus-Ausbrüchen: ein Rapid Review
        date: 2020-04-27
       words: 3079
      flesch: 41
     summary: Zahlreiche Modelle belegen den puffernden sowohl direkten als auch indirekten Effekt von adaptiven Bewältigungsstrategien auf die psychischen Folgen von belastenden Lebensereignissen Einige Studien untersuchten Determinanten der psychosozialen Folgen von Quarantänemaßnahmen
    keywords: als; auf; bei; coronavirus; covid-19; das; den; der; die; eine; folgen; für; health; ist; mit; personen; psychische; quarantänemaßnahmen; sars; studien; und; von; zusammenhang
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        item: #1577 of 5187
          id: cord-281346-bjhdy8mg
      author: Palacios Cruz, M.
       title: COVID-19, a worldwide public health emergency()
        date: 2020-04-21
       words: 3513
      flesch: 45
     summary: The WHO requests that national authorities report confirmed cases of novel coronavirus infection within 24 h of identifying them and provide the patients' minimum basic data set. The diagnosis of the disease has been reached based on virus-induced pneumonia based on the clinical symptoms observed in patients (similar to that of other respiratory viruses), to their history of exposure to other people with the virus, and the history of visits to areas affected.
    keywords: cases; china; coronavirus; disease; health; infection; ncov; novel; patients; sars
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        item: #1578 of 5187
          id: cord-281391-0qkku2jd
      author: Miller-Handley, Hilary
       title: Treatment Options for COVID-19 in Patients with Reduced or Absent Kidney Function
        date: 2020-09-17
       words: 4721
      flesch: 41
     summary: Janssen Medical Information Face Sheet The FDA-approved drug ivermectin inhibits the replication of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro Clinical predictors of mortality due to COVID-19 based on an analysis of data of 150 patients from Wuhan, China Clinical Features of 69 Cases with Coronavirus Disease ASTCT Consensus Grading for Cytokine Release Syndrome and Neurologic Toxicity Associated with Immune Effector Cells FDA Approval Summary: Tocilizumab for Treatment of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell-Induced Severe or Life-Threatening Cytokine Release Syndrome Effective treatment of severe COVID-19 patients with tocilizumab Tocilizumab therapy reduced intensive care unit admissions and/or mortality in COVID-19 patients ACTEMRA® (tocilizumab) injection, for intravenous or subcutaneous use JAK-inhibitors. Corticosteroids usage in COVID-19 was originally controversial, because some data in SARS patients found no difference between steroid usage and no steroid usage in clinical outcomes; although studies were small, and mostly non-randomized [40] .
    keywords: clinical; covid-19; disease; hydroxychloroquine; patients; sars; therapy; treatment; trials
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        item: #1579 of 5187
          id: cord-281393-96j70n2z
      author: Capai, L.
       title: Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies, in Corsica (France), April and June 2020.
        date: 2020-09-30
       words: 3686
      flesch: 47
     summary: As of September 4th, 2020, the number of SARS-CoV-2 confirmed cases exceeds 26 million and more than 800,000 deaths had been reported. Seroprevalence data based on ELISA assay provided information about previous exposure to SARS-CoV-2 but not about protection.
    keywords: age; cov-2; license; population; preprint; sars; seroprevalence
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        item: #1580 of 5187
          id: cord-281487-x0a9qgjs
      author: Kim, Min Young
       title: General Approach to the Clinical Care of Solid Organ Transplant Recipients with COVID-19 Infection: Management for Transplant Recipients
        date: 2020-10-29
       words: 5918
      flesch: 32
     summary: Kidney injury is common in COVID-19 patients. At autopsy of COVID-19 patients, segmental fibrin thrombosis in glomeruli was observed in renal findings [41] .
    keywords: care; covid-19; disease; infection; kidney; mortality; organ; patients; recipients; risk; sars; transplant; transplant recipients; transplantation
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        item: #1581 of 5187
          id: cord-281500-5mm1nnwv
      author: Spadera, Lucrezia
       title: Sudden olfactory loss as an early marker of COVID-19: a nationwide Italian survey
        date: 2020-08-04
       words: 3627
      flesch: 47
     summary: SOL was identified as a significant sign of infection in COVID-19 patients, mainly aged between 30 and 40 years, even in the absence of other symptoms. Additionally, findings such as an altered sense of smell or hyposmia in uncomplicated early stage COVID-19 patients should be investigated thoroughly for CNS involvement [22] .
    keywords: cases; coronavirus; covid-19; fever; olfactory; patients; sars; sol; subjects
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        item: #1582 of 5187
          id: cord-281501-ca9oxl7f
      author: Khan, Shumayila
       title: Neuropathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-07-30
       words: 3218
      flesch: 34
     summary: It appears that a correlation exists between COVID-19 patients and the concomitant encephalopathy and cerebropathy observed without any obvious cause other than the viral infection. Nevertheless, hypoxic injury to the brain caused by respiratory failure in COVID-19 patients is of serious concern.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; patients; sars; study; virus
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        item: #1583 of 5187
          id: cord-281508-zl2url8z
      author: Pearce, N.
       title: Is death from Covid-19 a multistep process?
        date: 2020-06-03
       words: 5003
      flesch: 47
     summary: These characteristics of Covid-19 death are consistent with the multistep model of disease, a model which has primarily been used for cancer, and more recently for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Thus, there are some notable features of Covid-19 death which suggest that it has a markedly different relationship with age than is the case for most other severe respiratory pathogens.
    keywords: age; covid-19; death; disease; influenza; license; log; preprint
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        item: #1584 of 5187
          id: cord-281512-79g22dk6
      author: Aguirre, A. Alonso
       title: Illicit Wildlife Trade, Wet Markets, and COVID‐19: Preventing Future Pandemics
        date: 2020-07-05
       words: 3830
      flesch: 49
     summary: Although there are crucial differences between cigarettes and meats from animal markets in terms of addiction and their places in different cultures, the concept may have applicability in convincing people not to buy food from wild animal markets. Live animal markets create the perfect conditions for novel viruses such as COVID‐19 to emerge.
    keywords: animals; bats; diseases; health; humans; markets; trade; wildlife
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        item: #1585 of 5187
          id: cord-281528-xy8j5jiv
      author: Di Paola, Luisa
       title: The Discovery of a Putative Allosteric Site in the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Using an Integrated Structural/Dynamic Approach
        date: 2020-06-17
       words: 6724
      flesch: 46
     summary: Red triangles represent the position of AMR residues on the S1 protein sequence. Therefore, we propose that the different allosteric properties of AMR residues were due to mutations in the S-ACE2 interface.
    keywords: ace2; ace2 complex; affinity; allosteric; amr; complex; cov; cov-2; figure; protein; residues; s protein; sars; spike
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        item: #1586 of 5187
          id: cord-281536-8y7yxcp4
      author: Lim, Hocheol
       title: Hot spot profiles of SARS-CoV-2 and human ACE2 receptor protein protein interaction obtained by density functional tight binding fragment molecular orbital method
        date: 2020-10-08
       words: 3534
      flesch: 47
     summary: In this work, to find common hot spot amino acids on the interfaces between the RBD domain and hACE2 of the three complexes, RBD-SARS-CoV-2/hACE2 (twelve experimental structural data), RBD-SARS-CoV-1/ hACE2 (four experimental structural data), and RBD-HCoV-NL63/hACE2 (one experimental structural data), we performed FMO-DFTB3/D/PCM calculations. In order to find common hot spot amino acids in RBD-SARS-CoV-1 against hACE2 and SARS-CoV-1 antibodies, we illustrated the FMO results with a 3D-SPIEs-based map.
    keywords: amino; cov-1; fmo; hace2; method; rbd; results; sars; spot
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        item: #1587 of 5187
          id: cord-281551-0aj2zwx8
      author: Schlagenhauf, Patricia
       title: Repurposing antimalarials and other drugs for COVID-19
        date: 2020-04-02
       words: 1436
      flesch: 42
     summary: key: cord-281551-0aj2zwx8 authors: Schlagenhauf, Patricia; Grobusch, Martin P.; Maier, Julian D.; Gautret, Philippe title: Repurposing antimalarials and other drugs for COVID-19 date: 2020-04-02 journal: Travel Med Infect Dis DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101658 sha: doc_id: 281551 cord_uid: 0aj2zwx8 nan Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/tmaid Editorial Repurposing antimalarials and other drugs for COVID-19 The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, now affects countries on six continents. It will not just be enough to have candidate drugs that work in vitro against SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: antimalarials; covid-19; drugs; sars; treatment
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        item: #1588 of 5187
          id: cord-281552-zfjy3m3i
      author: Alsaadi, Entedar A. J.
       title: Identification of a Membrane Binding Peptide in the Envelope Protein of MHV Coronavirus
        date: 2020-09-22
       words: 4795
      flesch: 42
     summary: Retention of the avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus envelope protein in the pre-Golgi compartments and physical interaction between the envelope and membrane proteins Assembly of the coronavirus envelope: For many coronaviruses, including MHV, E protein also functions as an ion channel, a viroporin [14, 15] , affecting the trafficking of virions in the secretory pathways and membrane permeability, both of which are essential for virus growth [3, 16, 17] .
    keywords: binding; cells; coronavirus; expression; guvs; interaction; membrane; mhv; peptide; protein; region; sars
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        item: #1589 of 5187
          id: cord-281561-r10y2sgb
      author: Tiwari, Nidhi
       title: Novel β-Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2): Current and Future Aspects of Pharmacological Treatments
        date: 2020-08-27
       words: 6887
      flesch: 34
     summary: The drugs at present used in COVID-19 patients and ongoing clinical trials focusing on drug repurposing of various therapeutic classes of drug e.g. antiviral, anti-inflammatory and/or immunomodulatory drugs along with adjuvant/supportive care. From this review, our aim is to provide a basic overview about currently available drugsand drugs under clinical trial for COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; drug; efficacy; et al; infection; novel; patients; safety; sars; studies; study; treatment
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        item: #1590 of 5187
          id: cord-281571-vob1bu9c
      author: Tam, Theresa W.S
       title: The Canadian Pandemic Influenza Plan: an evolution to the approach for national communicable disease emergencies
        date: 2004-06-30
       words: 1844
      flesch: 30
     summary: After the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 and the subsequent anthrax attacks in the United States, national authorities became acutely aware of the need to strengthen public health infrastructure to respond to health emergencies. Establishing the security of medical and other supplies, e.g. through stockpiling and multiple suppliers, should be an integral part of logistics planning for health emergencies.
    keywords: health; influenza; pandemic; public; sars
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        item: #1591 of 5187
          id: cord-281619-fhyamruq
      author: Burlacu, Alexandru
       title: Unpuzzling COVID-19 Prothrombotic State: Are Preexisting Thrombophilic Risk Profiles Responsible for Heterogenous Thrombotic Events?
        date: 2020-08-25
       words: 2021
      flesch: 22
     summary: Alexandru Burlacu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3424-1588 Iolanda Valentina Popa https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0597-8839 Role of inherited thrombophilic profile on survival of patients with sepsis SARS-CoV-2 and viral sepsis: observations and hypotheses Scientific and standardization committee communication: clinical guidance on the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolism in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 Evidence-based practical guidance for the antithrombotic management in patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in 2020 COVID-19: coagulopathy, risk of thrombosis, and the rationale for anticoagulation Clinical management of COVID-19 Acute respiratory distress syndrome The alveolar epithelium can initiate the extrinsic coagulation cascade through expression of tissue factor Tissue factor in infection and severe inflammation Immunothrombosis in acute respiratory distress syndrome: cross talks between inflammation and coagulation Therapeutic modulation of coagulation and fibrinolysis in acute lung injury and the acute respiratory distress syndrome High risk of thrombosis in patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection: a multicenter prospective cohort study Autopsy findings and venous thromboembolism in patients with COVID-19 Postmortem examination of COVID-19 patients reveals diffuse alveolar damage with severe capillary congestion and variegated findings in lungs and other organs suggesting vascular dysfunction Pulmonary arterial thrombosis in COVID-19 with fatal outcome: results from a prospective, single-center, clinicopathologic case series Catastrophic intracranial hemorrhage in two critically Ill patients with COVID-19. Additionally, unrecognized glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase genetic deficiency may impact venous thrombosis risk in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: covid-19; factor; patients; risk; sars; thrombosis
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        item: #1592 of 5187
          id: cord-281677-pspmmrq7
      author: Schulze-Koops, Hendrik
       title: Handlungsempfehlungen der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Rheumatologie e. V. für die Betreuung von Patienten mit entzündlich rheumatischen Erkrankungen im Rahmen der SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19-Pandemie – Update Juli 2020
        date: 2020-08-05
       words: 1207
      flesch: 33
     summary: ZRheumatol 79 Serious infection risk in rheumatoid arthritis compared with non-inflammatory rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases: a US national cohort study Infections in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with biologic agents Incidence and prevalence of vaccine preventable infections in adult patients with autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases (AIIRD): a systemic literature review informing the 2019 update of the EULAR recommendations for vaccination in adult patients with AIIRD Clinical course of COVID-19 in a series of patients with chronic arthritis treated with immunosuppressive targeted therapies Covid-19 in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases-case series from New York Rheumatic disease and COVID-19: initial data from the COVID-19 global rheumatology alliance provider registries Treatment with biological therapies and risk of being admitted to the hospital for COVID19 infection Incidence of COVID-19 in a cohort of adult and paediatric patients with rheumatic diseases treated with targeted biologic and synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs Clinical features of rheumatic patients infected with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China Biologics increase the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and hospitalization, but not ICU admission and death: real-life data from a large cohort during red-zone declaration High disease activity is associated with an increased risk of infection in patients with rheumatoid arthritis Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and rheumatic disease: a comparative cohort study from a US 'hot spot for the COVID-19 Task Force of the German Society for Rheumatology. The national registry for patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IRD) infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Germany (ReCoVery): a valuable mean to gain rapid and reliable knowledge of the clinical course of SARS-CoV-2 Cardiovascular comorbidity in rheumatic diseases Cardiometabolic comorbidities in RA and PsA: lessons learned and future directions Covid-19: risk factors for severe disease and death Characteristics associated with hospitalisation for COVID-19 in people with rheumatic disease: data from the COVID-19 Global Rheumatology Alliance physician-reported registry Long, relapsing, and atypical symptomatic course of COVID-19 in a B-cell-depleted patient after rituximab.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; der; mit; patienten; patients; recommendations; sars
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        item: #1593 of 5187
          id: cord-281679-xmbnpawj
      author: Meekins, David A.
       title: Susceptibility of swine cells and domestic pigs to SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-08-16
       words: 3412
      flesch: 40
     summary: In the current study, we determined the ability of SARS-CoV-2 to (i) replicate in porcine cell lines, (ii) establish infection in domestic pigs via experimental oral/intranasal/intratracheal inoculation, and (iii) transmit to co-housed naive sentinel pigs. SARS-CoV-2 is a member of the Betacoronavirus genus that includes the pathogenic human viruses SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV
    keywords: animal; cell; coronavirus; cov-2; infection; pigs; porcine; sars; study
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        item: #1594 of 5187
          id: cord-281684-m3m4mhye
      author: Fagre, Anna C.
       title: A potent SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing human monoclonal antibody that reduces viral burden and disease severity in Syrian hamsters
        date: 2020-09-28
       words: 3726
      flesch: 32
     summary: respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike glycoprotein to avoid neutralization escape Structure, function, and antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein The establishment of reference sequence for SARS-CoV-2 and variation analysis Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD mutants that enhance viral infectivity through increased human ACE2 receptor binding affinity Structure of the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain bound to the ACE2 receptor Structure of SARS coronavirus spike receptor-binding domain complexed with receptor Structural basis of receptor recognition by SARS-CoV-2 Evaluation of human monoclonal antibody 80R for immunoprophylaxis of severe acute respiratory syndrome by an animal study, epitope mapping, and analysis of spike variants Human monoclonal antibody as prophylaxis for SARS coronavirus infection in ferrets Potent binding of 2019 novel coronavirus spike protein by a SARS coronavirusspecific human monoclonal antibody Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation Pathogenesis and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in golden hamsters Simulation of the clinical and pathological manifestations of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in golden Syrian hamster model: implications for disease pathogenesis and transmissibility Syrian hamsters as a small animal model for SARS-CoV-2 infection and countermeasure development Respiratory disease in rhesus macaques inoculated with SARS-CoV-2 Detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real-time RT-PCR Potent neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 identified by high-throughput single-cell sequencing of convalescent patients' B cells Cross-neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 by a human monoclonal SARS-CoV antibody Human neutralizing antibodies elicited by SARS-CoV-2 infection A human monoclonal antibody blocking SARS-CoV-2 infection A human neutralizing antibody targets the receptor binding site of SARS-CoV-2 Isolation of potent SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies and protection from disease in a small animal model A SARS-CoV-2 infection model in mice demonstrates protection by neutralizing antibodies Massive transient damage of the olfactory epithelium associated with infection of sustentacular cells by SARS-CoV-2 in golden Syrian hamsters Identification of oxidative stress and Toll-like receptor 4 signaling as a key pathway of acute lung injury SARS-CoV-2 and myocardial injury: a role for Nox2? Prospects for the use of regulators of oxidative stress in the comprehensive treatment of the novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its complications Is macrophages heterogeneity important in determining COVID-19 lethality? We identified a panel of human monoclonal antibody clones from a yeast display library with specificity to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor binding domain that neutralized the virus in vitro.
    keywords: ace2; antibody; avgn; binding; coronavirus; cov-2; human; infection; protein; receptor; sars; spike
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        item: #1595 of 5187
          id: cord-281686-edpyn8fd
      author: Dalamaga, Maria
       title: 19 treatment regimens?
        date: 2020-05-08
       words: 1454
      flesch: 13
     summary: These agents could attenuate ARDS and help control SARS-CoV-2 via multiple mechanisms including: 1) inhibition of viral replication; 2) decrease of iron availability; 3) upregulation of B cells; 4) improvement of the neutralizing anti-viral antibody titer; 5) inhibition of endothelial inflammation and 6) prevention of pulmonary fibrosis and lung decline via reduction of pulmonary iron accumulation. In animal models, fibrosis and lung function decline are associated with pulmonary iron accumulation in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis (21) .
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; iron; patients; sars
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        item: #1596 of 5187
          id: cord-281699-pxof67pl
      author: Eskier, Doğa
       title: Mutations of SARS-CoV-2 nsp14 exhibit strong association with increased genome-wide mutation load
        date: 2020-08-13
       words: 3093
      flesch: 43
     summary: We propose nsp14 as a priority research target for understanding genomic variance rate in SARS-CoV-2 isolates, and nsp14 mutations as potential predictors for high mutability strains. Our results show that nsp14 mutations show the most consistent association with mutations between MoE and the whole genome.
    keywords: cov-2; genome; isolates; moe; mutations; sars
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        item: #1597 of 5187
          id: cord-281717-kzd9vvci
      author: Digard, Paul
       title: Intra-genome variability in the dinucleotide composition of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-05-08
       words: 4475
      flesch: 34
     summary: Across the Coronaviridae, E genes display remarkably high variation in CpG composition, with those of SARS and SARS-CoV-2 having much higher CpG content than other coronaviruses isolated from humans. No differences in CpG composition between coronavirus genera were 104 apparent, although the gamma genus exhibited a tighter range (Fig 2B) .
    keywords: composition; coronavirus; cov-2; cpg; host; human; sars; sequences; viruses
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        item: #1598 of 5187
          id: cord-281726-s1o5l7ns
      author: Yu, Ignatius T. S.
       title: Temporal-Spatial Analysis of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome among Hospital Inpatients
        date: 2005-05-01
       words: 3530
      flesch: 54
     summary: We checked the bed movements (transfers) of the inpatients during the study period and found that none of the inpatients with SARS were moved to other beds after the onset of fever and, thus, could not have played a role in the spread of the infection to other bays. Lebanon, NH: Fluent Insights into the epidemiology and control of infection with vancomycin-resistant enterococci Epidemiology of Clostridium difficile-associated infections Clinical progress and viral load in a community outbreak of coronavirus-associated SARS pneumonia: a prospective study Index patient and SARS outbreak in Hong Kong Airborne transmission of communicable infection-the elusive pathway SARS: experience at Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong We gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Xinghua Huang (Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai) and Hua Qian (University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR) with CFD simulations and field measurements.
    keywords: case; index; inpatients; march; sars; spread; ward
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        item: #1599 of 5187
          id: cord-281727-elartlro
      author: Sun, Jing
       title: Isolation of infectious SARS-CoV-2 from urine of a COVID-19 patient
        date: 2020-05-18
       words: 979
      flesch: 51
     summary: Viral RNA was detected in multiple organs in COVID-19 patients. Although viral RNA can be detected in multiple organs in COVID-19 patients, infectious SARS-CoV-2 has only been isolated from respiratory specimens [3, 4] .
    keywords: patient; sars; urine
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        item: #1600 of 5187
          id: cord-281754-auqh3vtr
      author: None
       title: EMERGING RESPIRATORY DISEASE - CORONAVIRUSES
        date: 2017-09-12
       words: 3627
      flesch: 45
     summary: By the end of 2003, according to the CDC report of WHO data, reports of SARS infections from 29 countries and regions revealed 8,096 persons with probable SARS resulting in 774 deathswith an estimated case fatality rate just below 10% (higher in elderly, infirm patients). SARS CoV
    keywords: avian; coronavirus; cov; h7n9; human; illness; infections; influenza; sars; syndrome
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        item: #1601 of 5187
          id: cord-281793-tj4m01s4
      author: Ho, Mitchell
       title: Perspectives on the development of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-05-20
       words: 3756
      flesch: 45
     summary: Future therapeutic applications could include cocktail therapy by combining Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study The race is on for antibodies that stop the new coronavirus Antibody therapies for the treatment of COVID-19 Isolation of a human monoclonal antibody specific for the receptor binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 using a competitive phage biopanning strategy Induction of neutralizing antibodies by human papillomavirus vaccine generated in mammalian cells Construction and next-generation sequencing analysis of a large phage-displayed VNAR single-domain antibody library from six naive nurse sharks Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors in patients with Covid-19 Receptor recognition by the novel coronavirus from Wuhan: an analysis based on decadelong structural studies of SARS coronavirus The proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2 Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation Structural basis for the recognition of SARS-CoV-2 by full-length human ACE2 Structure, function, and antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein Characterization of spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 on virus entry and its immune cross-reactivity with SARS-CoV Human neutralizing antibodies elicited by SARS-CoV-2 infection A highly conserved cryptic epitope in the receptor-binding domains of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV A human monoclonal antibody blocking SARS-CoV-2 infection Structural and functional analysis of a potent sarbecovirus neutralizing antibody Structural basis for potent neutralization of Betacoronaviruses by single-domain Camelid antibodies Crystal structure of a shark single-domain antibody V region in complex with lysozyme A cold-blooded view of adaptive immunity Ancient species offers contemporary therapeutics: an update on shark VNAR single domain antibody sequences, phage libraries and potential clinical applications General strategy to humanize a Camelid single-domain antibody and identification of a universal humanized nanobody scaffold Phylogenetic network analysis of SARS-CoV-2 genomes Patient-derived mutations impact pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 Spike mutation pipeline reveals the emergence of a more transmissible form of SARS-CoV-2 A potent neutralizing human antibody reveals the N-terminal domain of the Spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 as a site of vulnerability Monoclonal antibodies targeting the HR2 domain and the region immediately upstream of the HR2 of the S protein neutralize in vitro infection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 (previously 2019-nCoV) infection by a highly potent pan-coronavirus fusion inhibitor targeting its spike protein that harbors a high capacity to mediate membrane fusion Therapeutic strategies in an outbreak scenario to treat the novel coronavirus originating in Wuhan Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 spike pseudotyped virus by recombinant ACE2-Ig Inhibition of SARS pseudovirus cell entry by lactoferrin binding to heparan sulfate proteoglycans Glypicans as cancer therapeutic targets Isolation of antibodies to Heparan Sulfate on Glypicans by phage display Human monoclonal antibody targeting the heparan sulfate chains of Glypican-3 inhibits HGF-mediated migration and motility of hepatocellular carcinoma cells Epitope mapping by a Wnt-blocking antibody: evidence of the Wnt binding domain in heparan sulfate Infectious entry and neutralization of pathogenic JC polyomaviruses Human monoclonal antibody combination against SARS coronavirus: synergy and coverage of escape mutants Towards a solution to MERS: protective human monoclonal antibodies targeting different domains and functions of the MERS-coronavirus spike glycoprotein antibodies (including multiple single domain antibodies) that target different epitopes via different mechanisms. The group used a competitive screening strategy to isolate human antibodies from a phage display library.
    keywords: ace2; antibodies; antibody; cov-2; human; neutralizing; rbd; sars
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        item: #1602 of 5187
          id: cord-281860-zjvrohgg
      author: Peng, Jing
       title: Direct Clinical Evidence Recommending the Use of Proteinase K or Dithiothreitol to Pretreat Sputum for Detection of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-09-18
       words: 2498
      flesch: 44
     summary: Taken together, we provide direct evidence recommending the use of PK or DTT to pretreat sputum samples to facilitate SARS-CoV-2 detection by clinical laboratories. Without being homogenized sufficiently, sputum samples can have multiple adverse effects, such as introducing cross-contamination to the automatic nucleic acid extraction instrument, and causing pipetting errors, clot formation, or failed amplification (2) .
    keywords: cov-2; detection; dtt; samples; sars; sputum
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        item: #1603 of 5187
          id: cord-281887-b511bjdy
      author: Ribeiro, Reitan
       title: Perioperative Cancer Care in the Context of Limited Resources during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Brazilian Society of Surgical Oncology Recommendations
        date: 2020-09-26
       words: 4744
      flesch: 40
     summary: The rational use of resources to reduce the risk of surgical cancer patients being operated on during the incubation period of a corona virus infection is important in this context. We present a protocol, focused on the patients’ outcomes, for safe and rational use of resources to reduce the risk of surgical cancer patients being operated on during the virus incubation period, in the context of areas with limited resources. Discussion.
    keywords: areas; cancer; covid-19; pandemic; patients; prevalence; resources; risk; screening; surgery; testing
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        item: #1604 of 5187
          id: cord-281937-yztlb0fn
      author: Sheahan, Timothy P
       title: The continued epidemic threat of SARS-CoV-2 and implications for the future of global public health
        date: 2020-06-04
       words: 2462
      flesch: 43
     summary: This is in part due to perception that there is not a need for medical counter measures for emerging viruses which can rapidly emerge, cause devastating epidemic disease and then seemingly disappear from the human population as happened with SARS-CoV in 2003. For instance, the broad-spectrum antiviral, remdesivir, targets the viral RNA dependent RNA polymerase and is potently antiviral against Ebola, respiratory syncytial virus, Nipah and Hendra viruses and multiple endemic and emerging CoV in cell culture models 25-30 .
    keywords: china; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; emergence; human; sars
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        item: #1605 of 5187
          id: cord-281948-xv7vuypd
      author: Hoang, Ansel
       title: COVID-19 in 7780 pediatric patients: A systematic review
        date: 2020-06-26
       words: 4070
      flesch: 43
     summary: Compared to that review and other COVID-19 pediatric systematic reviews, [18À21] this manuscript has several key advantages: (1) we summarize 131 studies that includes 7780 children from 26 different countries, (2) this report synthesizes underlying pediatric medical conditions and delineates bacterial and viral coinfections, (3) we quantitatively describe clinical symptoms and imaging findings, (4) herein, we conglomerate the mean and standard deviation of frequently used laboratory analytes in COVID-19 positive children, (5) our report presents antiviral therapies by specific agents, and (6) our systematic review offers a preliminary comparison of patients with/without MIS-C. Although SARS-CoV-2 infection was first identified in China, the United States has now amassed the highest number of confirmed cases [18] . Statistical analyses between COVID-19 pediatric patients with/ without MIS-C was conducted on STATA v¢13.
    keywords: children; clinical; covid-19; data; disease; laboratory; mis; patients; review; studies
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        item: #1606 of 5187
          id: cord-282009-a83mun7u
      author: Pundir, Hemlata
       title: Using Chou’s 5-steps rule to study pharmacophore-based virtual screening of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro inhibitors
        date: 2020-10-20
       words: 6230
      flesch: 48
     summary: After that, to screen novel compounds against COVID-19, the molecular docking of 11 screened compounds was performed with target protein Mpro using PyRx. Based on our work’s findings, we propose that these compounds can be considered as lead molecules for targeting Mpro enzyme and they can be potential SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors.
    keywords: binding; complex; complexes; compounds; cov-2; energy; ligand; mpro; pharmacophore; protein; sars; x77
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        item: #1607 of 5187
          id: cord-282043-cs1oyohu
      author: Giustino, Gennaro
       title: Coronavirus and Cardiovascular Disease, Myocardial Injury, and Arrhythmia: JACC Focus Seminar
        date: 2020-10-27
       words: 1930
      flesch: -10
     summary: A survey by the European Society of Cardiology Fewer hospitalizations for acute cardiovascular conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic Dysregulation of immune response in patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China Tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 1beta are responsible for in vitro myocardial cell depression induced by human septic shock serum Role of interleukin 6 in myocardial dysfunction of meningococcal septic shock Endotoxin and tumor necrosis factor challenges in dogs simulate the cardiovascular profile of human septic shock Effects of TNFalpha on [Ca2þ]i and contractility in isolated adult rabbit ventricular myocytes Dysregulation of intracellular calcium transporters in animal models of sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy TNF alpha receptor expression in rat cardiac myocytes: TNF alpha inhibition of L-type Ca2þ current and Ca2þ transients Drug-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiotoxicity Characteristics and clinical significance of myocardial injury in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 Echocardiographic findings in patients with COVID-19 with significant myocardial injury Echocardiographic findings in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia Spectrum of cardiac manifestations in COVID-19: a systematic echocardiographic study STsegment elevation in patients with Covid-19-a case series ST-elevation myocardial infarction in patients with COVID-19: clinical and angiographic outcomes Takotsubo cardiomyopathy in males with Covid-19 The variety of cardiovascular presentations of COVID-19 Fulminant COVID-19-related myocarditis in an infant Acute myocarditis associated with COVID-19 infection Myocarditis detected after COVID-19 recovery Diffuse myocardial inflammation in COVID-19 associated myocarditis detected by multiparametric cardiac magnetic resonance imaging Fulminant myocarditis due to COVID-19 Outcomes of cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in patients recently recovered from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) COVID-19 and thrombotic or thromboembolic disease: implications for prevention, antithrombotic therapy, and follow-up: JACC State-of-the-Art Review Thromboembolic risk and anticoagulant therapy in COVID-19 patients: emerging evidence and call for action Hypoxia downregulates protein S expression Severe arterial thrombosis associated with Covid-19 infection Venous and arterial thromboembolic complications in COVID-19 patients admitted to an academic hospital in Cardiovascular adverse events in patients with cancer treated with bevacizumab: a meta-analysis of more than 20 000 patients Multifaceted effects of hydroxychloroquine in human disease Acute pulmonary embolism and COVID-19 pneumonia: a random association? retrospective study Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China Risk of myocardial infarction and stroke after acute infection or vaccination Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China Prevalence and impact of myocardial injury in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 infection Presenting characteristics, comorbidities, and outcomes among 5700 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in the New York City area Acute myocardial injury in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 infection: a review Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2: SARS-CoV-2 receptor and regulator of the renin-angiotensin system: celebrating the 20th anniversary of the discovery of ACE2 Host cell proteases: critical determinants of coronavirus tropism and pathogenesis The science underlying COVID-19: implications for the cardiovascular system SARS-coronavirus modulation of myocardial ACE2 expression and inflammation in patients with SARS COVID-19-related myocarditis in a 21-year-old female patient Typical takotsubo syndrome triggered by SARS-CoV-2 infection Cardiac involvement in a patient with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Myocardial localization of coronavirus in COVID-19 cardiogenic shock Detection of viral SARS-CoV-2 genomes and histopathological changes in endomyocardial biopsies.
    keywords: acute; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; infection; injury; patients
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        item: #1608 of 5187
          id: cord-282045-pf08iakf
      author: Chen, Haoyan
       title: Single cell transcriptome revealed SARS-CoV-2 entry genes enriched in colon tissues and associated with coronavirus infection and cytokine production
        date: 2020-07-08
       words: 1681
      flesch: 51
     summary: This identified cell clusters that, through marker genes, could be readily assigned to known cell lineages: in addition to cancer cells, we identified immune cells (CD4+ T cells, B cells, CD8+ T cells, dendritic cells, macrophage, and plasma cells), fibroblasts, and epithelial cells ( Supplementary Fig. For each biopsy, we isolated single cells without prior selection for cell types and used the 10x Chromium platform to generate RNA-seq data.
    keywords: cells; cov-2; entry; genes; sars
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        item: #1609 of 5187
          id: cord-282058-it0ojdk3
      author: Yu, Yuanqiang
       title: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Neonates and Children From China: A Review
        date: 2020-05-15
       words: 7506
      flesch: 41
     summary: (COVID-19) in Zhejiang, China: an observational cohort study A case report of neonatal COVID-19 infection in China Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72 314 cases from the Chinese center for disease control and prevention SARS-CoV-2 infection in children Neonatal early-onset infection with SARS-CoV-2 in 33 neonates born to mothers with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China Report of the first cases of mother and infant infections with 2019 novel coronavirus in Xinyang City Henan Province SARS-CoV-2 infection with gastrointestinal symptoms as the first manifestation in a neonate Antibodies in infants born to mothers with COVID-19 Pneumonia Possible vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from an infected mother to her newborn Nowcasting and forecasting the potential domestic and international spread of the 2019-nCoV outbreak originating in Wuhan, China: a modelling study Preliminary prediction of the basic reproduction number of the Wuhan novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV Estimation of the transmission risk of the 2019-nCoV and its implication for public health interventions The progress of 2019 novel coronavirus event in China Mitigate the effects of home confinement on children during the COVID-19 outbreak Initial public health response and interim clinical guidance for the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak -United States US emergency legal responses to novel coronavirus: balancing public health and civil liberties Emerging coronaviruses: genome structure, replication, and pathogenesis Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Genomic characterization of the 2019 novel human-pathogenic coronavirus isolated from a patient with atypical pneumonia after visiting Wuhan Identifying SARS-CoV-2 related coronaviruses in malayan pangolins Genome composition and divergence of the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) originating in China Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation Structural basis for the recognition of the SARS-CoV-2 by full-length human ACE2 Characteristics of pediatric SARS-CoV-2 infection and potential evidence for persistent fecal viral shedding Virological assessment of hospitalized patients with COVID-2019 SARS-CoV-2 viral load in upper respiratory specimens of infected patients Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome Emerging respiratory infections: the infectious disease pathology of SARS, MERS, pandemic influenza, and Legionella Diarrhoea may be underestimated: a missing link in 2019 novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 productively infects human gut enterocytes Clinical analysis of 10 neonates born to mothers with 2019-nCoV pneumonia Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records Clinical features and obstetric and neonatal outcomes of pregnant patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective, single-centre, descriptive study What are the risks of COVID-19 infection in pregnant women? However, at least five neonates born to COVID-19 pregnant women tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 (23, 26, 27) .
    keywords: cases; children; china; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; neonates; novel; patients; sars; women
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        item: #1610 of 5187
          id: cord-282106-7k088cqv
      author: Yang, Zhi-yong
       title: A DNA vaccine induces SARS coronavirus neutralization and protective immunity in mice
        date: 2004
       words: 3747
      flesch: 41
     summary: These findings indicate that immune T cells do not control pulmonary virus replication in this animal model, although it remains possible that T cells contribute to viral clearance if replication persists. Consensus document on the epidemiology of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Characterization of a novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome The genome sequence of the SARS-associated coronavirus Unique and conserved features of genome and proteome of SARS-coronavirus, an early split-off from the coronavirus group 2 lineage in Fields Virology Coronavirus immunogens Immune response of sows vaccinated with attenuated transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) and recombinant TGEV spike protein vaccines and protection of their suckling pigs against virulent TGEV challenge exposure Active immunity and T-cell populations in pigs intraperitoneally inoculated with baculovirus-expressed transmissible gastroenteritis virus structural proteins in Fields Virology pH-dependent entry of SARS coronavirus is mediated by the Spike glycoprotein and enhanced by dendritic cell-mediated transfer through DC-SIGN Aetiology: Koch's postulates fulfilled for SARS virus Virology: SARS virus infection of cats and ferrets Prior infection and passive transfer of neutralizing antibody prevent replication of SARS coronavirus in the respiratory tract of mice Pathogenesis of coronavirus-induced infections.
    keywords: cell; cov; dna; immune; mice; replication; sars
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        item: #1611 of 5187
          id: cord-282108-hhnnloxp
      author: Heister, Paula M.
       title: Pharmacological hypothesis: TPC2 antagonist tetrandrine as a potential therapeutic agent for COVID‐19
        date: 2020-09-15
       words: 4041
      flesch: 40
     summary: Investigation into its mode of action Effect of tetrandrine on cellular electrophysiology and calcium uptake of myocardium in guinea pigs and dogs NAADP-regulated two-pore channels drive phagocytosis through endo-lysosomal Ca(2+) nanodomains, calcineurin and dynamin Clinical efficacy of acetylcysteine combined with tetrandrine tablets in the treatment of silicosis and the effect on serum IL-6 and TNF-alpha Effects of tetrandrine combined with acetylcysteine on exercise tolerance, pulmonary function and serum TNF-beta1 and MMP-7 in silicosis patients Tetrandrine, a plant alkaloid, inhibits the production of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (cachectin) hy human monocytes Tetrandrine suppresses articular inflammatory response by inhibiting pro-inflammatory factors via NF-kappaB inactivation Suppression of human monocyte interleukin 1 production by the plant alkaloid tetrandrine Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Suppressed T cell-mediated immunity in patients with COVID-19: a clinical retrospective study in Wuhan The trinity of COVID-19: immunity, inflammation and intervention Immunotherapies for COVID-19: lessons learned from sepsis The modulatory effect of tetrandrine on the CD23, CD25 and HLA-DR expression and cytokine production in different groups of asthmatic patients Effect of tetrandrine on immunological responses and cardiac transplant rejection in mice Antihypertensive agents acting on the renin-angiotensin system and the risk of sepsis Preadmission use of calcium channel blocking agents is associated with improved outcomes in patients with sepsis: a population-based propensity score-matched cohort study Calcium ion channels: roles in infection and sepsis mechanisms of calcium channel blocker benefits in immunocompromised patients at risk for infection High susceptibility to fatty liver disease in two-pore channel 2-deficient mice Studies of the chronic toxicity of tetrandrine in dogs: an inhibitor of silicosis Acute and subchronic toxicity of tetrandrine in intravenously exposed female BALB/c mice Pulmonary toxicity and metabolic activation of tetrandrine in CD-1 mice Tetrandrine achieved plasma concentrations capable of reversing MDR in vitro and had no apparent effect on doxorubicin pharmacokinetics in mice Interaction of calcium channel blockers and grapefruit juice in healthy adults Pharmacokinetic interactions between indinavir plus ritonavir and calcium channel blockers Delineating Ebola entry Self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system of tetrandrine for improved bioavailability: physicochemical characterization and pharmacokinetic study Pharmacological actions of tetrandrine in inflammatory pulmonary diseases An UPLC-MS/MS method for quantifying tetrandrine and its metabolite berbamine in human blood: application to a human pharmacokinetic study Study on the pharmacokinetics of tetrandrine tablets in healthy volunteers Cyclic AMP Inhalation of tetrandrine-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes for pulmonary fibrosis treatment Quantitative MALDI imaging of spatial distributions and dynamic changes of tetrandrine in multiple organs of rats Department of Health and Human Services Food and Drug Administration Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER) Estimating the Maximum Safe Starting Dose in Initial Clinical Trials for Therapeutics in Adult Healthy Volunteers Medicines (Aristolochia and Mu Tong etc.)
    keywords: calcium; channel; concentration; cov-2; drug; human; infection; sars; studies; study; tetrandrine; tpc2
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        item: #1612 of 5187
          id: cord-282133-5dzzm9s8
      author: Watzky, Manon
       title: Assessing the consequences of environmental exposures on the expression of the human receptor and proteases involved in SARS-CoV-2 cell-entry
        date: 2020-10-15
       words: 5719
      flesch: 31
     summary: Genomic and interactions data were analysed using the UCSC Genome Browser (Lee et al., 2020) and the GeneHancer database (Fishilevich et al., 2017) . Interactions between GeneHancer regulatory elements (promoters and enhancers) and genes reported in the GeneHancer database were collected from different sources, including expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) from the genotype-tissue expression (GTEX) project (version v6p), chromosome conformation capture (capture Hi-C) long range interactions, FANTOM eRNA-gene expression correlation or distance based associations (Fishilevich et al., 2017) .
    keywords: ace2; ahr; cell; cov-2; entry; et al; expression; genes; human; infection; proteases; receptor; sars; tmprss2
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        item: #1613 of 5187
          id: cord-282142-76jr4p7n
      author: Wang, Yun
       title: Potential Effect of COVID-19 on Maternal and Infant Outcome: Lesson From SARS
        date: 2020-08-07
       words: 5514
      flesch: 38
     summary: Arch Dis Childh Fetal Neonatal Ed Pregnancy and perinatal outcomes of women with severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS in newborns and children Clinical analysis of pregnancy in second and third trimesters complicated severe acute respiratory syndrome A case-controlled study comparing clinical course and outcomes of pregnant and non-pregnant women with severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS and pregnancy: a case report SARS during pregnancy, United States Severe acute respiratory syndrome in pregnancy Infants born to mothers with severe acute respiratory syndrome The placentas of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome: a pathophysiological evaluation Clinical analysis of 10 neonates born to mothers with 2019-nCoV pneumonia Single-cell RNAsequencing analysis identifies host long noncoding RNA MAMDC2-AS1 as a co-factor for HSV-1 nuclear transport A pregnant woman with COVID-19 in Central America Detection of specific antibodies to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus nucleocapsid protein for serodiagnosis of SARS coronavirus pneumonia Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in china Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding What are the risks of COVID-19 infection in pregnant women? Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records Potential maternal and infant outcomes from (Wuhan) coronavirus 2019-nCoV infecting pregnant women: lessons from SARS, MERS, and other human coronavirus infections Clinical characteristics of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in China Coronaviridae Study Group of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; infection; maternal; patients; pregnancy; sars; transmission; women
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        item: #1614 of 5187
          id: cord-282177-8l7zukg4
      author: Lin, Yi-Chun
       title: A case of transient existence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the respiratory tract with the absence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody response
        date: 2020-05-26
       words: 371
      flesch: 33
     summary: Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: results of an open-label non-randomized clinical trial Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China Asymptomatic carrier state, acute respiratory disease, and pneumonia due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): Facts and myths A case of COVID-19 and pneumonia returning from Macau in Taiwan: clinical course and anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG dynamic Dynamics of anti-SARS-Cov-2 IgM and IgG antibodies among COVID-19 patients Laboratory diagnosis of emerging human coronavirus infections-the state of the art Lymphopenia predicts disease severity of COVID-19: a descriptive and predictive study Temporal profiles of viral load in posterior oropharyngeal saliva samples and serum antibody responses during infection by SARS-CoV-2: An observational cohort study Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in patients of novel coronavirus disease 2019 ABSTRACT We report a patient who had travelled to Japan presented mild respiratory symptom during the COVID-19 infection outbreak period.
    keywords: covid-19; sars
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        item: #1615 of 5187
          id: cord-282272-wy8do2z6
      author: Nelson, Atiba
       title: Environmental Detection of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) from Medical Equipment in Long-Term Care Facilities undergoing COVID-19 Outbreaks
        date: 2020-07-06
       words: 953
      flesch: 36
     summary: Future studies focusing on environmental contamination with SARS-CoV-2 are required to confirm these results and explore other mechanisms of environmental transmission in the long-term care environment. 1 Environmental contamination with SARS-CoV-2 virus has been hypothesized to propagate spread; however, the extent to which environmental contamination occurs in long-term care settings has yet to be fully understood.
    keywords: cov-2; environmental; sars
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        item: #1616 of 5187
          id: cord-282317-k9mtf6yl
      author: Srivastava, Vivek
       title: Molecular Docking and ADMET Study of Bioactive Compounds of Glycyrrhiza glabra Against Main Protease of SARS-CoV2
        date: 2020-10-14
       words: 3967
      flesch: 45
     summary: The aim of the present study demonstrates molecular docking study of Glycyrrhiza glabra (Gg) active compounds such as Glycyrrhizic acid (GA), Liquiritigenin (L) and Glabridin (G) against the M(pro). The main objective of the present study is to carry out molecular docking analysis of Glycyrrhiza glabra active compounds, Glycyrrhizic acid, Liquiritigenin and Glabridin against the main protease (M pro ) one by one followed by molecular interaction study (hydrogen bond prediction between target and drugs), drug-likeness behaviour and ADMET prediction to confirm the efficiency and efficacy of these active compound against SARS-CoV2. Glycyrrhizic acid (PubChem CID: 14982), Liquiritigenin (PubChem CID: 114829), and Glabridin (PubChem CID: 124052) were recognized as potential SARS-CoV inhibitors from literature survey and maybe also effective against SARS-CoV2.
    keywords: acid; compounds; cov2; drug; non; pro; protease; sars; site; virus
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        item: #1617 of 5187
          id: cord-282318-890mltl8
      author: Richard, Mathilde
       title: Factors determining human-to-human transmissibility of zoonotic pathogens via contact
        date: 2017-02-28
       words: 3647
      flesch: 38
     summary: Treponema pallidum pertenue (TPE) for skin contact transmission, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) for sexual contact transmission, coronaviruses (CoV) for respiratory contact transmission and Ebola virus for contact transmission via multiple routes. Common factors, as well as specific factors, that promoted the transmissibility via contact amongst humans of the following pathogens via the following routes are described and categorised under pathogen, host and environmental factors: Treponema pallidum pertenue for skin contact transmission, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 for sexual contact transmission, coronaviruses for respiratory contact transmission and Ebola virus for contact transmission via multiple routes.
    keywords: contact; cov; ebola; factors; human; respiratory; transmission; virus
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        item: #1618 of 5187
          id: cord-282338-u01qv3uc
      author: Cherry, James. D.
       title: The chronology of the 2002–2003 SARS mini pandemic
        date: 2004-11-05
       words: 3530
      flesch: 49
     summary: Eighty-seven per cent of all probably SARS cases occurred in Hong Kong or China and information relating to these cases in presented elsewhere in this symposium. Summary of probable SARS cases with onset of illness from 1 World Health Organization.
    keywords: case; cov; criteria; days; illness; sars; transmission
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        item: #1619 of 5187
          id: cord-282371-39qo9afy
      author: Khulood, Daulat
       title: Convalescent plasma appears efficacious and safe in COVID-19
        date: 2020-09-28
       words: 3098
      flesch: 45
     summary: Epub ahead of print 15 National Library of Medicine (US) Early safety indicators of COVID-19 convalescent plasma in 5,000 patients Safety update: COVID-19 convalescent plasma in 20,000 hospitalized patients EMPADE study: evaluation of medical prescriptions and adverse drug events in COPD patients admitted to intensive care unit Use of convalescent plasma therapy in two COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome in Korea Treatment with convalescent plasma for COVID-19 patients in Wuhan Treatment of 5 critically ill patients with COVID-19 with convalescent plasma Treatment with convalescent plasma for critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. A total of eight studies conducted on CP therapy in patients with COVID-19 were reviewed wherein 25,028 patients above 18 years of age were involved.
    keywords: convalescent; covid-19; patients; plasma; sars; therapy; treatment
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        item: #1620 of 5187
          id: cord-282372-nmii30mc
      author: Youk, Jeonghwan
       title: Robust three-dimensional expansion of human adult alveolar stem cells and SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-07-10
       words: 5127
      flesch: 42
     summary: Bulk RNA and single cell RNA sequencing datasets will be uploaded on the European Genome-Phenome Archive (EGA). We have established feeder-free, 3D hAT2 organoids (hereafter referred to as hAOs; definition of organoid is available at ref. 24 ) with defined factors which support molecular and functional identity of hAT2 cells over multiple passages, showing substantial improvements from the previous application of co-culture models [25] [26] [27] .
    keywords: alveolar; cells; cov-2; data; dpi; fig; genes; haos; hat2; human; infected; infection; rna; sars
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        item: #1621 of 5187
          id: cord-282384-qbcqbhk4
      author: Savastano, Alfonso
       title: Peripapillary Retinal Vascular Involvement in Early Post-COVID-19 Patients
        date: 2020-09-08
       words: 3745
      flesch: 39
     summary: According to our results, post-COVID-19 patients have a lower RPCP PD and a normal RPCP FI compared to the general population. According to our results, post-COVID-19 patients have a lower RPCP PD and a normal RPCP FI compared to the general population.
    keywords: covid-19; group; patients; peripapillary; post; rpcp; sars; thickness
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        item: #1622 of 5187
          id: cord-282421-yialyuav
      author: Alcoba-Florez, Julia
       title: Sensitivity of different RT-qPCR solutions for SARS-CoV-2 detection
        date: 2020-08-01
       words: 1051
      flesch: 41
     summary: Thus, we are confident that the differences in sensitivity among solutions were due to their different components (i.e. primers-sets, buffers, enzymes and reagent contents in general). That of best sensitivity was also assessed with direct nasopharyngeal swab viral transmission medium (VTM) heating, overcoming the RNA extraction step.
    keywords: sensitivity
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        item: #1623 of 5187
          id: cord-282433-p6jl9gxf
      author: Tu, Xinyi
       title: Functional polymorphisms of the CCL2 and MBL genes cumulatively increase susceptibility to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection
        date: 2015-03-27
       words: 4620
      flesch: 35
     summary: 9 SARS-associated coronavirus Pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome Mannose-binding lectin in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Lack of support for an association between CLEC4M homozygosity and protection against SARS coronavirus infection Lack of support for an association between CLEC4M homozygosity and protection against SARS coronavirus infection IL-12 RB1 genetic variants contribute to human susceptibility to severe acute respiratory syndrome infection among Chinese Homozygous L-SIGN (CLEC4M) plays a protective role in SARS coronavirus infection The association of RANTES polymorphism with severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong and Beijing Chinese Association between mannose-binding lectin gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Genetic variation of the human alpha-2-Heremans-Schmid glycoprotein (AHSG) gene associated with the risk of SARS-CoV infection Genetic susceptibility to infectious disease: Therefore, although the highly significant associations between CCL2 G-2518A and susceptibility to SARS-CoV infection were biologically plausible, and strengthened by our 4 independent caseecontrol studies, it remains interesting to investigate that whether there exist population-specific differences for this polymorphism to SARS susceptibility between Chinese and Europeans.
    keywords: ccl2; cov; genotype; infection; mbl; polymorphisms; risk; sars; susceptibility
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        item: #1624 of 5187
          id: cord-282449-7mxp3sdy
      author: A, Amouroux
       title: Evidence for and against vertical transmission for SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)
        date: 2020-05-04
       words: 1512
      flesch: 45
     summary: We identified 12 articles published between February 10th and April 4th 2020 reporting on 68 deliveries and 71 neonates with maternal infection in the third trimester of pregnancy. The dynamic of the pandemic has not allowed for any meaningful cohort following maternal infection in the second trimester of pregnancy to be reported with perinatal outcomes, and the largest numbers relate to cases of infection and delivery in the third trimester of pregnancy.
    keywords: infection; sars
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        item: #1625 of 5187
          id: cord-282530-55lhjfm8
      author: Carsana, Luca
       title: Pulmonary post-mortem findings in a series of COVID-19 cases from northern Italy: a two-centre descriptive study
        date: 2020-06-08
       words: 3436
      flesch: 34
     summary: The predominant pattern of lung lesions in patients with COVID-19 patients is diffuse alveolar damage, as described in patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronaviruses. Baseline characteristics and outcomes of 1591 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 admitted to ICUs of the Lombardy region Overlapping and discrete aspects of the pathology and pathogenesis of the emerging human pathogenic coronaviruses SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and 2019-nCoV Pulmonary pathology of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Toronto Histopathology of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection-clinicopathological and ultrastructural study Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China COVID-19 autopsies Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome Histopathologic changes and SARS-CoV-2 immunostaining in the lung of a patient with COVID-19 Pulmonary pathology of early-phase 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia in two patients with lung cancer Management of the corpse with suspect, probable or confirmed COVID-19 respiratory infection-Italian interim recommendations for personnel potentially exposed to material from corpses, including body fluids, in morgue structures and during autopsy practice Lung pathology of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): a study of 8 autopsy cases from Singapore Megakaryocytes and platelet homeostasis in diffuse alveolar damage The intracellular sites of early replication and budding of SARS-coronavirus Immunohistochemical, in situ hybridization, and ultrastructural localization of SARS-associated coronavirus in lung of a fatal case of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Taiwan Incidence of thrombotic complications in critically ill ICU patients with COVID-19 Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study Anticoagulant treatment is associated with decreased mortality in severe coronavirus disease 2019 patients with coagulopathy Anticoagulant therapy in acute respiratory distress syndrome Thromboembolic risk and anticoagulant therapy in COVID-19 patients: emerging evidence and call for action SARScoronavirus-2 replication in Vero E6 cells: replication kinetics, rapid adaptation and cytopathology
    keywords: cases; covid-19; damage; diffuse; features; lung; patients; sars
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        item: #1626 of 5187
          id: cord-282539-skzosh6u
      author: Casadevall, Arturo
       title: Implications of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Antibody Dynamics for Immunity and Convalescent Plasma Therapy
        date: 2020-08-17
       words: 1590
      flesch: 44
     summary: Longitudinal dynamics of the neutralizing antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 infection Kinetics of viral load and antibody response in relation to COVID-19 severity Convalescent plasma treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection: analysis of the first 436 donors in England Immune responses during measles virus infection Duration of immunity to norovirus gastroenteritis Exploiting the redundancy in the immune system: vaccines can mediate protection by eliciting 'unnatural' immunity Effectiveness of convalescent plasma therapy in severe COVID-19 patients Effect of convalescent plasma therapy on time to clinical improvement in patients with severe and life-threatening COVID-19: a randomized clinical trial Mortality reduction in 46 severe COVID-19 patients treated with hyperimmune plasma: a proof of concept single arm multicenter trial SARS-CoV-2 viral load and antibody responses: the case for convalescent plasma therapy Given that current recommendations for plasma donation advise waiting 4 weeks after the resolution of symptoms to ensure viral clearance and a rise in convalescent antibody titer, the preferred window for plasma collection begins at 4 weeks and could narrow rapidly by 12 weeks.
    keywords: antibody; cov-2; plasma; sars
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        item: #1627 of 5187
          id: cord-282560-tofppr3b
      author: Henderson, Jack A.
       title: Assessment of proton-coupled conformational dynamics of SARS and MERS coronavirus papain-like proteases: Implication for designing broad-spectrum antiviral inhibitors
        date: 2020-09-21
       words: 6257
      flesch: 47
     summary: Consistent with our previous work, 36 we found that the protonation states of His residues converge rapidly within 10 ns per replica, and those of Cys converge more slowly due to the formation of hydrogen bonds that are not present in the crystal structure (see later discussion). 4 Crystal structures show that BL2 is open in the unbound SARS-CoV PLpro and it closes by about 1.5 Å-2 Å in the bound form, which allows hydrogen bonds to form between Tyr269/Gln270 and the inhibitor.
    keywords: bl2; cov; cov plpro; cov-2; fig; hydrogen; mers; pka; plpro; sars; simulations
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        item: #1628 of 5187
          id: cord-282571-ilf73g71
      author: Ni, Wentao
       title: Role of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in COVID-19
        date: 2020-07-13
       words: 5443
      flesch: 39
     summary: Cloning and functional expression as a captopril-insensitive carboxypeptidase ACE2 links amino acid malnutrition to microbial ecology and intestinal inflammation Angiotensinconverting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation Cryo-EM structure of the SARS coronavirus spike glycoprotein in complex with its host cell receptor ACE2 Structure of SARS coronavirus spike receptor-binding domain complexed with receptor Trilogy of ACE2: a peptidase in the renin-angiotensin system, a SARS receptor, and a partner for amino acid transporters Ectodomain shedding of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 in human airway epithelia TMPRSS2 and ADAM17 cleave ACE2 differentially and only proteolysis by TMPRSS2 augments entry driven by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor Structure, function, and evolution of coronavirus spike proteins Surface vimentin is critical for the cell entry of SARS-CoV Clathrindependent entry of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus into target cells expressing ACE2 with the cytoplasmic tail deleted Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus. ACE2 is associated with multi-organ injury in COVID-19 Autopsies of SARS patients showed that SARS-CoV infection can cause injury to multiple organs, such as the heart, kidney, liver, skeletal muscle, central nervous system, and adrenal and thyroid glands, besides the lungs
    keywords: ace2; acute; angiotensin; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; injury; patients; receptor; sars
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        item: #1629 of 5187
          id: cord-282576-mcx0xq0w
      author: Boutin, Catherine-Audrey
       title: Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 detection from combined nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swab samples by a laboratory-developed real-time RT-PCR test and the Roche SARS-CoV-2 assay on a cobas 8800 instrument
        date: 2020-09-04
       words: 1366
      flesch: 47
     summary: The correlation between Ct values obtained in the LD RT-PCR test and cobas SARS CoV-2 ORF-1 target for positive samples in both assays was good (r 2 = 0.82, data not shown). An excellent correlation (r(2) = 0.98) was obtained between Ct values of the ORF-1 and E targets in the cobas assays and a good correlation was obtained between LD RT-PCR test and cobas SARS CoV-2 ORF-1 target (r(2) = 0.82).
    keywords: cobas; pcr; samples; sars
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        item: #1630 of 5187
          id: cord-282604-xp71rkxc
      author: Nikolaev, EN
       title: Mass Spectrometric detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus in scrapings of the epithelium of the nasopharynx of infected patients via Nucleocapsid N protein
        date: 2020-05-25
       words: 2185
      flesch: 47
     summary: [6] , which has a structure similar to SARS-CoV-2 structure, it can be concluded that the number of copies of E, M, and N proteins is much larger than that of S, but the E and M are relatively short and tightly membrane-bound proteins, what makes them difficult to extract, detect, and identify. The detection of viral proteins in body fluids by mass-spectrometry based methods could serve as a complementary diagnostic tool.
    keywords: detection; mass; proteins; samples; sars; virus
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        item: #1631 of 5187
          id: cord-282635-ffq8kpij
      author: Tierraseca, Melody Sánchez
       title: MANIFESTACIÓN GASTROINTESTINAL EXCLUSIVA COMO FORMA DE PRESENTACIÓN DE INFECCIÓN POR CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19)
        date: 2020-05-11
       words: 536
      flesch: 36
     summary: Actualización de la situación epidemiológica de la infección por SARS-CoV-2 en España. Cristina Calvo, Algredo Tagarro, Enrique Otheo, Cristina Esparza y Grupo de Seguimiento de la Infección por SARS-CoV-2 en la Comunidad de Madrid.
    keywords: por; sars
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        item: #1632 of 5187
          id: cord-282724-zzkqb0u2
      author: Moore, Jason H.
       title: Ideas for how informaticians can get involved with COVID-19 research
        date: 2020-05-12
       words: 7598
      flesch: 28
     summary: These are organized under sub-disciplines for biomedical informatics including Bioinformatics that focuses on basic science questions, Clinical Informatics that focuses on the delivery of healthcare, Clinical Research Informatics that focuses on research using clinical data, Consumer Health Informatics that focuses on the use of mobile devices and telemedicine, and Public Health informatics that focuses on research questions at the population or community level. Secure informatics platforms such as Integrating Bench to Bedside (i2b2) and the Shared Health Research Information Network (SHRINE), Trinetix, and Atlas play an important role in standardizing and harmonizing clinical data to common data models (CDMs) including i2b2, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Network (PCORnet), Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resource (FHIR), and Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP).
    keywords: analysis; cov-2; covid-19; data; disease; efforts; health; healthcare; informatics; models; pandemic; patients; public; research; researchers; sars; social; testing; tools
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        item: #1633 of 5187
          id: cord-282732-qym6wji7
      author: McLaughlin, Katie-May
       title: COVID-19-Related Coagulopathy—Is Transferrin a Missing Link?
        date: 2020-07-30
       words: 2931
      flesch: 40
     summary: Free Radic Transferrin plays a central role in coagulation balance by interacting with clotting factors The emerging spectrum of cardiopulmonary pathology of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Report of 3 autopsies from Houston, Texas, and review of autopsy findings from other United States cities Iron metabolism and lymphocyte characterisation during Covid-19 infection in ICU patients: An observational cohort study Transferrin synthesis by inducer T lymphocytes Regulation of transferrin gene expression during lung development and injury Iron metabolism in the lower respiratory tract Regulation of the tissue-specific expression of transferrin gene Adipose Tissue Transferrin and Insulin Resistance Transferrin isoforms in cerebrospinal fluid and their relation to neurological diseases Iron-Deficiency and Estrogen Are Associated with Ischemic Stroke by Up-Regulating Transferrin to Induce Hypercoagulability COVID-19: Linear models were generated to estimate the relationship between gene expression and age using the base R function lm, which generated p-values indicating the significance of the relationship.
    keywords: age; covid-19; expression; females; males; sars; transferrin
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        item: #1634 of 5187
          id: cord-282738-aqc9gxlw
      author: Liu, Anding
       title: Seropositive Prevalence of Antibodies Against SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan, China
        date: 2020-10-23
       words: 180
      flesch: 42
     summary: key: cord-282738-aqc9gxlw authors: Liu, Anding; Li, Ying; Wan, Zhengce; Wang, Wenjie; Lei, Xiaomei; Lv, Yongman title: Seropositive Prevalence of Antibodies Against SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan, China date: 2020-10-23 journal: Total RNAs from nasal swab specimens was extracted by a viral nucleic acid kit All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 20.0.
    keywords: cov-2
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        item: #1635 of 5187
          id: cord-282750-d9sb7o63
      author: Benhadou, F.
       title: Improvement of SARS‐CoV2 symptoms following Guselkumab injection in a psoriatic patient
        date: 2020-05-07
       words: 552
      flesch: 17
     summary: Interestingly, the cytokine profile associated with SARS-CoV2 infection severity is characterised by increased levels of tumor necrosis factor , IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, IL-7, granulocyte colony stimulating factor, interferon(IFN)-γ inducible protein 10, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, and macrophage inflammatory protein 1-α among others 4 By targeting the IL-23p19 subunit, Guselkumab does not increase the risk for viral, bacterial or fungal infections among psoriasis patients 5 . In the eye of the COVID-19 cytokine storm COVID-19: consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression Efficacy and safety of guselkumab, an anti-interleukin-23 monoclonal antibody, compared with adalimumab for the continuous treatment of patients with moderate to severe psoriasis:
    keywords: infection; symptoms
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        item: #1636 of 5187
          id: cord-282771-iwpx02v3
      author: Dietzel, Steffen
       title: A joint action in times of pandemic: the German BioImaging recommendations for operating imaging core facilities during the SARS‐Cov‐2 emergency
        date: 2020-06-24
       words: 2245
      flesch: 52
     summary: Thus, all surfaces that might get touched by different users during operating a microscope are to be disinfected before and after each usage to avoid potential spread of SARS-CoV-2 via this route. We recommend offering user support in terms of project discussions, advice on image analysis, and microscopy-related education via remote tools.
    keywords: german; gloves; sars; srl; srls; surfaces; users
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        item: #1637 of 5187
          id: cord-282795-kje7rn57
      author: Zheng, Yue
       title: Neutralization Assay with SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 Spike Pseudotyped Murine Leukemia Virions
        date: 2020-09-21
       words: 491
      flesch: 37
     summary: Enveloped viruses are known to efficiently package their core elements with heterologous 30 envelope glycoproteins, giving rise to the so called 'pseudotypes' or 'pseudoviruses ' Neutralization titers NT50 and NT80 were calculated using Prism 8 (GraphPad, US). None of these sera had Characterization of 162 spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 on virus entry and its immune cross-reactivity with 163 SARS-CoV Veesler D: Structure, Function, and 165 Antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein The 167 D614G mutation in the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein reduces S1 shedding and increases 168 infectivity High-efficiency gene 170 transfer into CD34
    keywords: cov-2; sars; virus
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        item: #1638 of 5187
          id: cord-282817-vtzpf2wr
      author: Byrne, Hannah
       title: A tale of two specificities: bispecific antibodies for therapeutic and diagnostic applications
        date: 2013-10-02
       words: 8434
      flesch: 25
     summary: Met antibody blocks tumor-promoting phenotypic effects induced by resistance to EGFR inhibition and has potent antitumor activity The Bs20 Â 22 anti-CD20-CD22 bispecific antibody has more lymphomacidal activity than do the parent antibodies alone Domain order of a bispecific diabody dramatically enhances its antitumor activity beyond structural format conversion: the case of the hEx3 diabody Molecular characterization of novel trispecific ErbB-cMet-IGF1R antibodies and their antigen-binding properties Single domain antibody-based and linker-free bispecific antibodies targeting FcgammaRIII induce potent antitumor activity without recruiting regulatory T cells Novel humanized and highly efficient bispecific antibodies mediate killing of prostate stem cell antigenexpressing tumor cells by CD8 + and CD4 + T cells A dual-targeting PDGFRbeta/VEGF-A molecule assembled from stable antibody fragments demonstrates anti-angiogenic activity in vitro and in vivo A novel bispecific antibody recruits T cells to eradicate tumors in the 'immunologically privileged' central nervous system Systemic administration of a bispecific antibody targeting EGFRvIII successfully treats intracerebral glioma Development of a two-part strategy to identify a therapeutic human bispecific antibody that inhibits IgE receptor signaling A bispecific antibody against human IgE and human FcgammaRII that inhibits antigen-induced histamine release by human mast cells and basophils Reversal of airway inflammation and remodeling in asthma by a bispecific antibody fragment linking CCR3 to CD300a Development of tetravalent, bispecific CCR5 antibodies with antiviral activity against CCR5 monoclonal antibodyresistant HIV-1 strains Heavy chain-only antibodies and tetravalent bispecific antibody neutralizing Staphylococcus aureus leukotoxins T-cell activation and cytokine production via a bispecific single-chain antibody fragment targeted to blood-stage malaria parasites Human domain antibodies against virulence traits of Candida albicans inhibit fungus adherence to vaginal epithelium and protect against experimental vaginal candidiasis Engineering of stable bispecific antibodies targeting IL-17A and IL-23 Therapeutic control of B cell activation via recruitment of Fcgamma receptor IIb (CD32B) inhibitory function with a novel bispecific antibody scaffold Molecular construction and optimization of antihuman IL-1alpha/beta dual variable domain immunoglobulin (DVD-Ig) molecules Depletion of CCR5-expressing cells with bispecific antibodies and chemokine toxins: a new strategy in the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases and HIV A bispecific antibody against IL-1beta and IL-17A is beneficial for experimental rheumatoid arthritis A phase-I trial of the epidermal growth factor receptor directed bispecific antibody MDX-447 without and with recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor in patients with advanced solid tumors Antitumor activity of a novel bispecific antibody that targets the ErbB2/ErbB3 oncogenic unit and inhibits heregulin-induced activation of ErbB3 CD19 as an attractive target for antibody-based therapy Cancer immunotherapy by retargeting of immune effector cells via recombinant bispecific antibody constructs Clinical and pharmacologic aspects of blinatumomab in the treatment of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia EpCAM/CD3-Bispecific T-cell engaging antibody MT110 eliminates primary human pancreatic cancer stem cells Buy buy bispecific antibodies BiTEs: bispecific antibody constructs with unique anti-tumor activity MT110: a novel bispecific single-chain antibody construct with high efficacy in eradicating established tumors Development and approval of the trifunctional antibody catumaxomab (anti-EpCAM Â anti-CD3) as a targeted cancer immunotherapy Immunotherapy of recurrent B-cell malignancies after allo-SCT with Bi20 (FBTA05), a trifunctional anti-CD3 Â anti-CD20 antibody and donor lymphocyte infusion Ganglioside GD2-specific trifunctional surrogate antibody Surek demonstrates therapeutic activity in a mouse melanoma model Trifunctional bispecific antibodies induce tumor-specific T cells and elicit a vaccination effect Transient lymphocyte decrease due to adhesion and migration following catumaxomab (anti-EpCAM Â anti-CD3) treatment in vivo Cancer therapy with trifunctional antibodies: linking innate and adaptive immunity Improved targeting of pancreatic cancer: experimental studies of a new bispecific antibody, pretargeting enhancement system for immunoscintigraphy Antibody pretargeting advances cancer radioimmunodetection and radioimmunotherapy Bispecific antibody pretargeting of radionuclides for immuno single-photon emission computed tomography and immuno positron emission tomography molecular imaging: an update Bispecific antibody pretargeting PET (immunoPET) with an 124 I-labeled hapten-peptide Imaging experimental atherosclerotic lesions in ApoE knockout mice: enhanced targeting with Z2D3-anti-DTPA bispecific antibody and 99mTc-labeled negatively charged polymers Targeting very small model lesions pretargeted with bispecific antibody with 99mTc-labeled highspecific radioactivity polymers Imaging small human prostate cancer xenografts after pretargeting with bispecific bombesin-antibody complexes and targeting with high specific radioactivity labeled polymer-drug conjugates Pretargeted gamma imaging of murine metastatic melanoma lung lesions with bispecific antibody and radiolabeled polymer drug conjugates Interferon-gamma release assays for the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection in HIV-infected individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis Nucleic acid amplification tests for diagnosis of smear-negative TB in a high HIV-prevalence setting: a prospective cohort study A bispecific antibody based assay shows potential for detecting tuberculosis in resource constrained laboratory settings Rapid detection of hepatitis B virus surface antigen by an agglutination assay mediated by a bispecific diabody against both human erythrocytes and hepatitis B virus surface antigen Comparative evaluation of different chromogenic/fluorogenic media for detecting Escherichia coli O157:H7 in food Monospecific and bispecific antibodies against E. coli O157 for diagnostics Use of bispecific antibodies in molecular velcro assays whose specificity approaches the theoretical limit of immunodetection for Bordetella pertussis Detection of Bordetella pertussis in a clinical laboratory by culture, polymerase chain reaction, and direct fluorescent antibody staining; accuracy, and cost Bispecific antibody-mediated detection of the Staphylococcus aureus thermonuclease Isolation and characterization of viruses related to the SARS coronavirus from animals in southern China Review of bats and SARS The aetiology, origins, and diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome Evaluation of reverse transcription-PCR assays for rapid diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome associated with a novel coronavirus Immunofluorescence assay for serologic diagnosis of SARS Growth kinetics of SARS-coronavirus in Vero E6 cells Susceptibility of human and rat neural cell lines to infection by SARS-coronavirus A rapid point of care immunoswab assay for SARS-CoV detection Quantitative and sensitive detection of the SARS-CoV spike protein using bispecific monoclonal antibody-based enzyme-linked immunoassay Bispecific antibodies and ADCs: once and future kings?
    keywords: activity; antibodies; antibody; antigen; assay; bispecific; bsab; cancer; cd3; cells; chain; detection; diabody; domain; formats; human; receptor; sars; targeting; tumor
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        item: #1639 of 5187
          id: cord-282821-qvtvpnrr
      author: Thijsen, Steven
       title: Elevated nucleoprotein-induced interferon-γ release in COVID-19 patients detected in a SARS-CoV-2 enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot assay
        date: 2020-06-12
       words: 787
      flesch: 50
     summary: A clinical retrospective study in Wuhan Dysregulation of immune response in patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China Targets of T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus in humans with COVID-19 disease and unexposed individuals Interestingly, in a recent published study by Grifoni et al.(5) SARS-CoV-2 epitope pools were used to probe CD4+ T cell responses.
    keywords: sars
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        item: #1640 of 5187
          id: cord-282839-3ii79g6j
      author: Moreno-Fernández Ayala, Daniel J.
       title: Age-related mitochondrial dysfunction as a key factor in COVID-19 disease
        date: 2020-11-07
       words: 10253
      flesch: 20
     summary: Further, T cell exhaustion associated with dendritic cell dysfunction has been also associated with the immunopathology of COVID-19 (Zheng et al., 2020a , Zheng et al., 2020b and an active role of local SARS-CoV-2 infected neutrophils and macrophages in inflammatory reactions has been recently proposed (Jafarzadeh et al., 2020) . This chronic inflammation has been associated with the inhibition of antigen-specific immunity and the low response of aged people to vaccines (Akbar and Gilroy, 2020; Parmigiani et al., 2013) .
    keywords: activation; activity; age; aging; autophagy; cells; coq; covid-19; diseases; dysfunction; et al; inflammation; levels; metabolic; mitochondrial; patients; proinflammatory; response; system
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        item: #1641 of 5187
          id: cord-282853-l0c69uul
      author: Massad, Eduardo
       title: Forecasting versus projection models in epidemiology: The case of the SARS epidemics
        date: 2005-03-30
       words: 3086
      flesch: 49
     summary: key: cord-282853-l0c69uul authors: Massad, Eduardo; Burattini, Marcelo N.; Lopez, Luis F.; Coutinho, Francisco A.B. title: Forecasting versus projection models in epidemiology: The case of the SARS epidemics date: 2005-03-30 journal: Med Hypotheses DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2004.09.029 sha: doc_id: 282853 cord_uid: l0c69uul In this work we propose a simple mathematical model for the analysis of the impact of control measures against an emerging infection, namely, the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Projection models should be seen in a counterfactual way, that is, their projections cannot be tested because they will never happen.
    keywords: cases; control; model; number; sars
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        item: #1642 of 5187
          id: cord-282858-zikoui4h
      author: Graudenz, Gustavo Silveira
       title: SARS-CoV-2. Long Distance Airborne Transmission and its Public Health Implications
        date: 2020-11-02
       words: 1667
      flesch: 33
     summary: In health care settings, the Center for Disease Control's recommendations for prevention of airborne transmission include maintaining a negative pressure environment, fine filtering of exhaust air from infected patients' rooms, maintaining high air exchange rates (12 air exchanges per hour), shutting recirculation ducts, and establishing pressure cascades (2) in these settings until further evidence of long distance transmission is obtained Unfortunately, these precautionary measures have not yet been applied in most health care facilities in Brazil. Currently, there is no clear evidence of airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: air; cov-2; particles; sars; transmission
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        item: #1643 of 5187
          id: cord-282862-kve6fa49
      author: Pastick, Katelyn A
       title: A Systematic Review of Treatment and Outcomes of Pregnant Women with COVID-19 – A Call for Clinical Trials
        date: 2020-08-13
       words: 3317
      flesch: 39
     summary: We then evaluated the proportion of COVID-19 clinical trials (from Clinicaltrials.gov) excluding pregnant or breastfeeding persons (both through June 29(th), 2020). A second search was conducted to identify COVID-19 clinical trials as of June 29th, 2020 that reported pregnancy/breastfeeding as an exclusion criterion.
    keywords: breastfeeding; covid-19; outcomes; pregnancy; studies; trials; women
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        item: #1644 of 5187
          id: cord-282867-kbyxdegu
      author: Shah, Sayed Zulfiqar Ali
       title: Scaling the Need, Benefits, and Risks Associated with COVID-19 Acute and Postacute Care Rehabilitation: A Review
        date: 2020-08-26
       words: 4550
      flesch: 35
     summary: Persistence of coronaviruses on inanimate surfaces and their inactivation with biocidal agents Rehabilitation Research and Practice Impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) on pulmonary function, functional capacity and quality of life in a cohort of survivors Six month radiological and physiological outcomes in severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) survivors A major outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Rehabilitation and respiratory management in the acute and early post-acute phase Pathogenesis and natural history of osteonecrosis Avascular necrosis of bone in severe acute respiratory syndrome Steroidinduced osteonecrosis in severe acute respiratory syndrome: a retrospective analysis of biochemical markers of bone metabolism and corticosteroid therapy Chest physiotherapy for pneumonia in adults Chest physiotherapy in primary pneumonia Epidemiology and outcome of acute respiratory failure in intensive care unit patients Effects of sputum on pulmonary function A randomised controlled trial of the effectiveness of an exercise training program in patients recovering from severe acute respiratory syndrome Pulmonary rehabilitation for patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Acute care physiotherapy management of COVID-19 patients in Qatar: consensus-based recommendations A randomized evaluation of the acute efficacy, acceptability and tolerability of flutter and active cycle of breathing with and without postural drainage in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis Endotracheal suction in intubated critically ill adult patients undergoing mechanical ventilation: a systematic review Chest physiotherapy in mechanically ventilated patients without pneumonia-a narrative review Chest physical therapy for children hospitalised with acute pneumonia: a randomised controlled trial Long-term comparative trial of two different physiotherapy techniques; postural drainage with percussion and autogenic drainage, in the treatment of cystic fibrosis Efficacy and safety of early prone positioning combined with HFNC or NIV in moderate to severe ARDS: a multi-center prospective cohort study Respiratory physiotherapy in patients with COVID-19 infection in acute setting: a position paper of the Italian Association of Respiratory Physiotherapists (ARIR) According to consensus-based acute care physiotherapy recommendations developed in Qatar, rehabilitation patients could be categorized into the following six categories: Category A (paralyzed, ventilated, and sedated), Category B (ventilated and minimally sedated), Category C (no mechanical ventilation), Category C.1 (bedridden but minimally conscious), Category C.2 (conscious and active but dependent), and Category C.3 (independent, active, and conscious).
    keywords: acute; chest; coronavirus; covid-19; patients; physiotherapy; pneumonia; rehabilitation; sars; syndrome; techniques; treatment
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        item: #1645 of 5187
          id: cord-282878-8qgsq2km
      author: Fignani, Daniela
       title: SARS-CoV-2 receptor Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme type 2 (ACE2) is expressed in human pancreatic β-cells and in the human pancreas microvasculature
        date: 2020-10-23
       words: 7592
      flesch: 31
     summary: We also identified ACE2 positive cells in the pancreatic ducts, even though only some scattered cells with a clear ACE2 signal were detected (Figure 1, panel-c and -d) . The elaboration process consisted in the comparison between the peak list obtained in silico considering the expected aminoacidic sequence of human ACE2 protein (Uniprot ID: Q9BYF1), trypsin as digestion enzyme and eventual modifications (carbamidomethylation, oxidation, etc.).
    keywords: ace2; analysis; cells; cov-2; diabetes; endoc; expression; figure; human; infection; insulin; islets; pancreas; protein; sars; βh1
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        item: #1646 of 5187
          id: cord-282895-85if4mnu
      author: Xiao, Xiaodong
       title: The SARS-CoV S glycoprotein: expression and functional characterization
        date: 2003-12-26
       words: 3836
      flesch: 50
     summary: key: cord-282895-85if4mnu authors: Xiao, Xiaodong; Chakraborti, Samitabh; Dimitrov, Anthony S; Gramatikoff, Kosi; Dimitrov, Dimiter S title: The SARS-CoV S glycoprotein: expression and functional characterization date: 2003-12-26 journal: Biochem Biophys Res Commun DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2003.11.054 sha: doc_id: 282895 cord_uid: 85if4mnu We have cloned, expressed, and characterized the full-length and various soluble fragments of the SARS-CoV (Tor2 isolate) S glycoprotein. These data indicate significant glycosylation as observed for S glycoproteins from other coronaviruses.
    keywords: cells; cov; fragments; glycoprotein; length; residues; sars; soluble
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        item: #1647 of 5187
          id: cord-282899-kp114q7n
      author: Biswas, Saurav
       title: Blood clots in COVID-19 patients: Simplifying the curious mystery
        date: 2020-11-06
       words: 2503
      flesch: 26
     summary: key: cord-282899-kp114q7n authors: Biswas, Saurav; Thakur, Vikram; Kaur, Parneet; Khan, Azhar; Kulshrestha, Saurabh; Kumar, Pradeep title: Blood clots in COVID-19 patients: Simplifying the curious mystery date: 2020-11-06 journal: Med Hypotheses DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.110371 sha: doc_id: 282899 cord_uid: kp114q7n The universal phenomenon of blood clotting is well known to be protective in external cellular/ tissue injury. The mechanism of blood clotting is like a two-edged sword, wherein the case of severe external injury, clotting is very crucial for preventing the blood loss, whereas, in the case of internal blood vessels injury, it, unfortunately, leads to the formation of blood clots, causing vascular blockades and thrombosis, expanding to every organ leading to severe and fatal outcomes.
    keywords: blood; cov-2; covid-19; patients; sars
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        item: #1648 of 5187
          id: cord-282920-s4yixzuy
      author: Rubin, Elizabeth S.
       title: Detection of COVID-19 in a Vulvar Lesion
        date: 2020-07-02
       words: 971
      flesch: 40
     summary: Whatever the primary etiology, the detectability of SARS RNA in a vulvar lesion may have implications for health care workers' exposure to SARS-CoV-2 during pelvic examinations and/or vaginal deliveries. key: cord-282920-s4yixzuy authors: Rubin, Elizabeth S.; Sansone, Stephanie A.; Hirshberg, Adi; Clement, Elizabeth G.; Srinivas, Sindhu K. title: Detection of COVID-19 in a Vulvar Lesion date: 2020-07-02 journal: Am J Perinatol DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1713665 sha: doc_id: 282920 cord_uid: s4yixzuy As new information about coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is rapidly discovered, clinicians are better equipped to make informed decisions for their patients.
    keywords: covid-19; sars; vulvar
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        item: #1649 of 5187
          id: cord-282947-3hgku2e4
      author: Wong, Hui Hui
       title: Accessory proteins 8b and 8ab of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus suppress the interferon signaling pathway by mediating ubiquitin-dependent rapid degradation of interferon regulatory factor 3
        date: 2017-12-30
       words: 8733
      flesch: 38
     summary: Infection of cells with rIBV-8bm did not result in similar reductions in IRF3 protein levels, despite a similar replication efficiency of the two recombinant viruses (Fig. 6a) . Expression of protein 8b or 8ab could not be detected in cells infected with rIBV8a/b using Western blot analysis (data not shown), further supporting our previous observation that 8b is not expressed from this construct (Le et al., 2007) .
    keywords: 8ab; cells; coronavirus; cov; et al; expression; fig; ifn; infection; irf3; protein; sars; virus
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        item: #1650 of 5187
          id: cord-282964-dmc8mlxu
      author: Wathore, Roshan
       title: Understanding air and water borne transmission and survival of coronavirus: Insights and way forward for SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-08-04
       words: 3368
      flesch: 22
     summary: Such type of probable routes of transmissions should be thoroughly researched for virus transmission and survival in these mediums as these possibilities may aggravate the problem to community transmissions (Heller et al., 2020) . Therefore, fomite transmission would depend on the surface characteristics, which can affect virus survival and can help determine extent of spread of the disease.
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; sars; surfaces; transmission; virus
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        item: #1651 of 5187
          id: cord-282965-xguotf4m
      author: O’Callaghan-Gordo, Cristina
       title: COVID-19: The Disease of the Anthropocene
        date: 2020-05-15
       words: 1586
      flesch: 39
     summary: South China Morning Post Human health impacts of ecosystem alteration Human health: ecosystem regulation of infectious diseases Emerging human infectious diseases and the links to global food production Origins of HIV and the AIDS pandemic. Preventing cross-transmission of viruses from non-human animal species to humans becomes another compelling reason to urgently advocate for the preservation of natural ecosystems and stop the massive extinction of endangered species.
    keywords: diseases; humans; species
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        item: #1652 of 5187
          id: cord-282990-qb4wk4yb
      author: Chen, Zhuo
       title: Safety considerations in the bioanalytical laboratories handling specimens from coronavirus disease 2019 patients
        date: 2020-08-21
       words: 1973
      flesch: 41
     summary: No viral RNA was detected from serum in the mild or severe cohort, which may represent the majority of COVID-19 patient samples. Therefore, bioanalysis of COVID-19 patient samples, including both respiratory specimens and nonrespiratory specimens, should be performed in a BSL-2 laboratory [8] .
    keywords: blood; cov-2; covid-19; patients; sars; specimens
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        item: #1653 of 5187
          id: cord-283034-ebely0rx
      author: Brunet, E
       title: Ileitis as the exclusive manifestation of covid-19. The first reported case
        date: 2020-10-19
       words: 451
      flesch: 43
     summary: Abdominal CT scan showed inflammatory signs in the distal ileum (figure 1b). A SARS-CoV-2 control NAAT in rectal swab was negative before discharge from hospital.
    keywords: patient; sars
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        item: #1654 of 5187
          id: cord-283109-ka3n9pft
      author: Arumugam, Arunkumar
       title: The Potential Use of Unprocessed Sample for RT-qPCR Detection of COVID-19 without an RNA Extraction Step
        date: 2020-04-08
       words: 1728
      flesch: 47
     summary: Our data using both high (Ct < 35) and low (Ct >35) target concentrations suggest that since RT-qPCR is highly sensitive, using raw samples or minimal sample preparation steps might not reduce the test sensitivity as most patients tend to have a higher viral load. Long assay time, partly caused by slow sample preparation steps, has created a large backlog when testing patient samples suspected of COVID-19.
    keywords: cov-2; samples; sars
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        item: #1655 of 5187
          id: cord-283116-ib5c3lbi
      author: Koh, David
       title: Occupational health responses to COVID‐19: What lessons can we learn from SARS?
        date: 2020-05-13
       words: 3394
      flesch: 52
     summary: coronavirus, COVID-19, health care, occupational health, outbreaks, public health, SARS-CoV-2 confirmed cases and over 62 000 deaths spread over 200 countries and territories. Other than health care workers, anyone who are physically present or associated with health care institutions were at high risk of infection by SARS-CoV. Worldwide, HCWs comprised a significant 21% of all SARS patients, but in countries such as Canada and Singapore, more than 40% of the patients were HCWs.
    keywords: care; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; hcws; health; sars; workers
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        item: #1656 of 5187
          id: cord-283120-hyzk59qv
      author: Sharma, Ashish
       title: Liver disease and outcomes among COVID-19 hospitalized patients- a systematic review and meta-analysis
        date: 2020-10-16
       words: 2636
      flesch: 38
     summary: Future studies should evaluate changing levels of biomarkers amongst liver disease patients to predict poor outcomes of COVID-19 and causes of liver injury during COVID-19 infection. In severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic 60% of patients had hepatic injury, due to phylogenetic similarities of the viruses it is assumed that COVID-19 is associated with acute liver injury.
    keywords: covid-19; disease; injury; liver; outcomes; patients; study
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        item: #1657 of 5187
          id: cord-283127-jetmocvk
      author: Wang, Denong
       title: Targeting N-Glycan Cryptic Sugar Moieties for Broad-Spectrum Virus Neutralization: Progress in Identifying Conserved Molecular Targets in Viruses of Distinct Phylogenetic Origins
        date: 2015-03-12
       words: 4002
      flesch: 39
     summary: Antibody domain exchange is an immunological solution to carbohydrate cluster recognition Rational antibody-based HIV-1 vaccine design: Current approaches and future directions The broadly neutralizing anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 antibody 2G12 recognizes a cluster of alpha1-->2 mannose residues on the outer face of gp120 The mannose-dependent epitope for neutralizing antibody 2G12 on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 glycoprotein gp120 A limited number of antibody specificities mediate broad and potent serum neutralization in selected HIV-1 infected individuals Structure and function of broadly reactive antibody PG16 reveal an H3 subdomain that mediates potent neutralization of HIV-1 PGV04, an HIV-1 gp120 CD4 binding site antibody, is broad and potent in neutralization but does not induce conformational changes characteristic of cd4 Rapid development of glycan-specific, broad, and potent anti-HIV-1 gp120 neutralizing antibodies in an R5 SIV/HIV chimeric virus infected macaque A potent and broad neutralizing antibody recognizes and penetrates the HIV glycan shield Broad neutralization coverage of HIV by multiple highly potent antibodies Synthetic carbohydrate antigens for HIV vaccine design Human monoclonal antibody 2G12 defines a distinctive neutralization epitope on the gp120 glycoprotein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Structure of HIV-1 gp120 V1/V2 domain with broadly neutralizing antibody PG9 Glycan arrays lead to the discovery of autoimmunogenic activity of SARS-CoV The genome sequence of the SARS-associated coronavirus Characterization of a novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome The SARS-COV S glycoprotein: Expression and functional characterization Identification of N-linked carbohydrates from severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) spike glycoprotein Alpha-(1-3)-and alpha-(1-6)-D-mannose-specific plant lectins are markedly inhibitory to human immunodeficiency virus and cytomegalovirus infections in vitro Marked depletion of glycosylation sites in HIV-1 gp120 under selection pressure by the mannose-specific plant lectins of Hippeastrum hybrid and Galanthus nivalis Profile of resistance of human immunodeficiency virus to mannose-specific plant lectins Mannose-specific plant lectins from the amaryllidaceae family qualify as efficient microbicides for prevention of human immunodeficiency virus infection Plant lectins are potent inhibitors of coronaviruses by interfering with two targets in the viral replication cycle Expression, glycoform characterization, and antibody-binding of HIV-1 V3 glycopeptide domain fused with human IgG1-Fc Inhibition of mammalian glycan biosynthesis produces non-self antigens for a broadly neutralising, HIV-1 specific antibody Envelope glycans of immunodeficiency virions are almost entirely oligomannose antigens The lectin helix pomatia agglutinin recognizes O-GlcNAc containing glycoproteins in human breast cancer Anti-glycan antibodies or biotinylated lectins were pre-titrated in 1% BSA, PBST for ELISA.
    keywords: binding; carbohydrate; cov; epitopes; glycan; gna; moieties; sars; specific; virus
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        item: #1658 of 5187
          id: cord-283138-18q23z8l
      author: Balasubramanian, S.
       title: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Children - What We Know So Far and What We Do Not
        date: 2020-04-09
       words: 3468
      flesch: 40
     summary: COVID-19 IN CHILDREN children [19] . I COVID-19 IN CHILDREN children with COVID-19 are likely to need any specific therapy other than supportive treatment, and the decision to start antiviral or immunomodulatory treatment should therefore be made carefully in consultation with experts in pediatric infectious disease and immunology.
    keywords: adults; cases; children; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; infection; patients; sars
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        item: #1659 of 5187
          id: cord-283152-wav0d0ws
      author: Patel, Sanjay K. S.
       title: Deploying Biomolecules as Anti-COVID-19 Agents
        date: 2020-06-09
       words: 3099
      flesch: 46
     summary: Initially, the screening of COVID-19 infection has done through measurements of temperature and related symptoms. The antibody test targets the production of antibodies such as IgA, IgM, and IgG in response to COVID-19 infection in blood samples, which takes around 14 days after infection or needs to wait for the onset of symptoms.
    keywords: cases; china; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; covs; human; infection; sars; transmission
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        item: #1660 of 5187
          id: cord-283193-8qj41kpp
      author: Chak-Yiu Lee, Andrew
       title: Oral SARS-CoV-2 inoculation establishes subclinical respiratory infection with virus shedding in golden Syrian hamsters
        date: 2020-09-22
       words: 2328
      flesch: 35
     summary: Utilizing Syrian hamster model, we demonstrate that the severity of pneumonia induced by intranasal inhalation of SARS-CoV-2 increases with virus inoculum. A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus 640 origins and receptor binding Genomic 642 characterization of the 2019 novel human-pathogenic coronavirus isolated from a patient with atypical 643 pneumonia after visiting Wuhan Infection of bat and human intestinal organoids by SARS-CoV-2 Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-like virus in Chinese horseshoe 648 bats Severe acute respiratory syndrome 650 coronavirus as an agent of emerging and reemerging infection SARS-CoV-2 shedding and seroconversion among passengers quarantined after 653 disembarking a cruise ship: a case series The role of community-wide wearing of face mask for control 656 of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic due to SARS-CoV-2 Simulation of the clinical and pathological manifestations of Coronavirus Disease 659 2019 (COVID-19) in golden Syrian hamster model: implications for disease pathogenesis and 660 transmissibility Air and environmental sampling for SARS-CoV-2 around hospitalized 664 patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Gastrointestinal Manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Virus Load 667 Fecal Samples From a Hong Kong Cohort: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Syrian hamsters as a small animal model for SARS-CoV-2 671 infection and countermeasure development Pathogenesis and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in golden 674 hamsters Manifestations and prognosis of gastrointestinal and liver involvement in patients with COVID-19: 677 a systematic review and meta-analysis Herpes simplex virus 1 targets the murine olfactory neuroepithelium for host entry Infectious Chikungunya Virus in the Saliva of Mice, Monkeys and 683 Humans Histopathological Scoring Scheme for an Animal-Model of Acute Mycoplasma-Pneumoniae Pulmonary 686 Infection Avian Influenza A H7N9 Virus Induces Severe Pneumonia in Mice without 689 Prior Adaptation and Responds to a Combination of Zanamivir and COX-2 Inhibitor Pattern of exposure and measles mortality in Senegal Varicella zoster in Guinea-Bissau: intensity of exposure and severity of infection Intensity of exposure and severity of 696 whooping cough Unique epidemiological and clinical 698 features of the emerging 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) implicate special control 699 measures Aerosol and Surface Stability CoV-2 as Compared with SARS-CoV-1 A Mouse Model of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Pathogenesis Human intestinal tract serves as an alternative infection route for Middle East 708 respiratory syndrome coronavirus Prediction of Intrinsic Disorder CoV/HCoV-EMC Supports a High Oral-Fecal Transmission Treatment with proton pump inhibitors increases the 714 risk of secondary infections and ARDS in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: coincidence or 715 underestimated risk factor? Surgical mask partition reduces the risk of non-contact transmission in a golden Syrian 719 hamster model for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
    keywords: coronavirus; figure; hamsters; lung; pfu; sars; virus
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        item: #1661 of 5187
          id: cord-283196-laerx0n2
      author: Bedford, Juliet
       title: Living with the COVID-19 pandemic: act now with the tools we have
        date: 2020-10-08
       words: 1696
      flesch: 30
     summary: COVID-19 vaccines, therapeutics, and diagnostics are important for the pandemic response, and if any of the COVID-19 vaccine candidates are shown to be safe and effective, they will probably be deployed before full approval through emergency use authorisations or other strategies. With current knowledge, even in the absence of COVID-19 vaccines or treatments and comprehensive knowledge of the immune response to SARS-CoV-2, countries can navigate pathways to reduced transmission, decreased severe illness and mortality, and less economic disruption in the short and longer term.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; health; sars; transmission
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        item: #1662 of 5187
          id: cord-283197-jjye8t6j
      author: Ingraham, Nicholas E.
       title: Fact Versus Science Fiction: Fighting Coronavirus Disease 2019 Requires the Wisdom to Know the Difference
        date: 2020-04-29
       words: 1871
      flesch: 37
     summary: Widespread use and misconception of hydroxychloroquine being a cure may result in reduced enrollment in hydroxychloroquine trials or hesitation to enroll in other drug trials that are not hydroxychloroquine. This commentary uses a recent study of hydroxychloroquine to demonstrate the dire need for randomized clinical trials, but more importantly, to explore the potential consequences of misinformation, how fear fuels its impact, and offer guidance to maintain scientific integrity without relinquishing hope. Chloroquine, and its less toxic metabolite hydroxychloroquine, are chemotherapeutic agents used to treat malaria (1).
    keywords: community; covid-19; hydroxychloroquine; misinformation; sars; trials
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        item: #1663 of 5187
          id: cord-283249-pk5sc2ca
      author: Yoshida, Wataru
       title: Homogeneous DNA sensing using enzyme-inhibiting DNA aptamers
        date: 2006-09-15
       words: 5418
      flesch: 51
     summary: DNA aptamers are easily and inexpensively synthesized; therefore, it is easy to add a probe DNA to a DNA aptamer. Additionally, DNA aptamers have a distinctive advantage, in that they are singlestranded DNAs, and therefore the way their structure changes is easy to design.
    keywords: aes; aptamer; dna; loop; sars; structure; target; thrombin
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        item: #1664 of 5187
          id: cord-283253-qdq4mfz3
      author: Davlantes, Elizabeth
       title: Notes from the Field: COVID-19 Prevention Practices in State Prisons — Puerto Rico, 2020
        date: 2020-08-21
       words: 659
      flesch: 32
     summary: The protocol featured wide-ranging measures, from visitor restrictions to enhanced cleaning; this report focuses specifically on COVID-19 mitigation measures directed toward incarcerated persons. Incarcerated persons who leave the prison grounds for any reason (e.g., medical appointments or court appearances) must restart the intake process upon their return.
    keywords: covid-19; persons
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        item: #1665 of 5187
          id: cord-283310-5wam14aa
      author: Bevova, M. R.
       title: The New Coronavirus COVID-19 Infection
        date: 2020-09-09
       words: 4819
      flesch: 48
     summary: Situation Report -83, World Health Organization Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia Estimates of the reproduction number for seasonal, pandemic, and zoonotic influenza: A systematic review of the literature Transmission of COVID-19 in the terminal stage of incubation period: A familial cluster Substantial undocumented infection facilitates the rapid dissemination of novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV2) Transmission of 2019-nCoV infection from an asymptomatic contact in Germany Aerosol and surface stability of SARS-CoV-2 as compared with SARS-CoV-1 Genomic characterization and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: Implications for virus origins and receptor binding Probable pangolin origin of SARS-CoV-2 associated with the COVID-19 outbreak The proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2 Epidemiology, genetic recombination, and pathogenesis of coronaviruses International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV Coronaviruses post-SARS: Update on replication and pathogenesis Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor Labs rush to study coronavirus in transgenic animals: Some are in short supply Susceptibility of ferrets, cats, dogs, and other domesticated animals to SARS-coronavirus 2 Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: Summary of a report of 72314 cases from the Chinese center for disease control and prevention Case-fatality rate and characteristics of patients dying in relation to COVID-19 in Italy World Health Organization Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: A retrospective cohort study Clinical features and obstetric and neonatal outcomes of pregnant patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: A retrospective, single-center, descriptive study Neonatal early-onset infection with SARS-CoV-2 in 33 neonates born to mothers with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China Clinical analysis of 10 neonates born to mothers with 2019-nCoV pneumonia Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records Novel coronavirus infection in hospitalized infants under 1 year of age in China Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: A descriptive study Unique epidemiological and clinical features of the emerging 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) implicate special control measures COVID-19 infection: The perspectives on immune responses Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China Detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real-time RT-PCR A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Specific Primers and Probes for Detection 2019 Novel Coronavirus, Chinese National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention Fast, portable tests come online to curb coronavirus pandemic Coronavirus tests: Researchers chase new diagnostics to fight the pandemic Initial CT findings and temporal changes in patients with the novel coronavirus pneumonia (2019-nCoV):
    keywords: cases; clinical; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; number; patients; sars; virus
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        item: #1666 of 5187
          id: cord-283352-0l1ggmhx
      author: Javelot, H
       title: Panic and pandemic: narrative review of the literature on the links and risks of panic disorder as a consequence of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
        date: 2020-08-10
       words: 4442
      flesch: 27
     summary: Preliminary validation of Ley's model Panic disorder and the respiratory system: clinical subtype and challenge tests Respiratory manifestations of panic disorder: causes, consequences and therapeutic implications Panic disorder respiratory subtype: psychopathology, laboratory challenge tests, and response to treatment Laboratory, clinical and therapeutic features of respiratory panic disorder subtype The Deakin/Graeff hypothesis: focus on serotonergic inhibition of panic Panic disorder following torture by suffocation is associated with predominantly respiratory symptoms Association of panic disorder with a history of traumatic suffocation Major affective disorders in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease compared with other chronic respiratory diseases The role of panic-fear in comorbid asthma and panic disorder Hyperventilation in panic disorder and asthma: empirical evidence and clinical strategies Prospective impact of panic disorder and panicanxiety on asthma control, health service use, and quality of life in adult patients with asthma over a 4-year follow-up Psychiatric co-morbidity and asthma: These patients should be closely monitored, as these anxiety symptoms may transform into panic respiratory disorders.
    keywords: anxiety; asthma; covid-19; disorder; pandemic; panic; panic disorder; patients; risk
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        item: #1667 of 5187
          id: cord-283367-azzy2t1a
      author: Rahman, Asma
       title: Neurological manifestations in COVID-19: A narrative review
        date: 2020-09-10
       words: 4452
      flesch: 48
     summary: 14 Awareness by clinicians of the possibility of CVD in COVID-19 patients may lead to more timely management decisions and thus a reduction in both morbidity and mortality. Reports an association between stroke and pneumonia severity in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: acute; cov-2; covid-19; csf; manifestations; patients; sars; stroke
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        item: #1668 of 5187
          id: cord-283372-c20i99qa
      author: Sanchis-Gomar, Fabian
       title: Amiodarone in the COVID-19 Era: Treatment for Symptomatic Patients Only, or Drug to Prevent Infection?
        date: 2020-08-01
       words: 2615
      flesch: 32
     summary: We present here the rationale for amiodarone use in the COVID-19 scenario, as well as whether or not amiodarone administration represents a potential strategy to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection, rather than simply used to treat patients already symptomatic and/or with severe COVID-19, based on current evidence. Amiodarone has been associated with hepatic transaminitis, thyroid dysfunction, and pulmonary toxicity, although these adverse effects are directly related to the duration of treatment (amiodarone toxicity is cumulative and dose-dependent)
    keywords: amiodarone; covid-19; effects; infection; patients; sars; use
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        item: #1669 of 5187
          id: cord-283376-6wolrfvk
      author: Yin, M.
       title: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection During Pregnancy In China: A Retrospective Cohort Study
        date: 2020-04-11
       words: 4117
      flesch: 51
     summary: Fever was the most common symptom in both groups, but pregnant patients had a significantly lower proportion of fever than non-pregnant patients (54·8% vs. 87·5%, p=0·006). Moreover, pregnant patients had a shorter average interval from onset to hospitalization than non-pregnant patients (7·80 ±7·0d vs. 13·2 ± 8·2d, p=0·005), while a higher proportion of pregnant patients was diagnosed as severe or critical COVID-19 than non-pregnant patients (32·3% vs. 11·4%, p=0·039).
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; patients; preprint; sars; women
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        item: #1670 of 5187
          id: cord-283380-l60yyr6l
      author: Grabbe, Stephan
       title: Systemic immunosuppression in times of COVID‐19: Do we need to rethink our standards?
        date: 2020-08-02
       words: 2579
      flesch: 25
     summary: Although this is the normal case also in COVID-19 patients, in individual patients the virus can cause hyperactivation of the immune system, which then triggers the clinical picture of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). A report on Covid-19 disease in 86 patients with a range of autoimmune diseases of the skin, joints and intestines treated with various immunosuppressive drugs showed a hospitalization rate comparable to that of COVID-19 patients in the general population [24] .
    keywords: course; covid-19; disease; patients; sars; therapy
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        item: #1671 of 5187
          id: cord-283411-40ojqv1y
      author: Ben-Shmuel, Amir
       title: Detection and infectivity potential of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) environmental contamination in isolation units and quarantine facilities
        date: 2020-09-10
       words: 1176
      flesch: 46
     summary: 283 International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for 284 Infectious Diseases Detection of airborne severe 286 acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus and environmental contamination in SARS outbreak 287 units. In this study, viral RNA contamination was found in 46% of the surface and air samples.
    keywords: contamination; patients; sars
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        item: #1672 of 5187
          id: cord-283413-xapzer5s
      author: Chan, A. K. M.
       title: Social media for rapid knowledge dissemination: early experience from the COVID‐19 pandemic
        date: 2020-03-31
       words: 1214
      flesch: 32
     summary: To address these limitations, we propose criteria to be implemented by users of professional social medial platforms to promote the responsible use of social mediadisseminated information (Box 1). During the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) epidemic, 21% of the global cumulative case total were healthcare workers [2], while a recent study from Wuhan, China reported that 1716 healthcare workers were infected with COVID-19, representing 3.8% of confirmed cases [3].
    keywords: healthcare; information; sars; workers
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        item: #1673 of 5187
          id: cord-283430-k1ex9fes
      author: Smithgall, Marie C.
       title: Third Trimester Placentas of SARS‐CoV‐2‐Positive Women: Histomorphology, including Viral Immunohistochemistry and in Situ Hybridization
        date: 2020-07-21
       words: 1300
      flesch: 33
     summary: 16 Placental pathologic features described in association with SARS, e.g., increases in intervillous or subchorionic fibrin and avascular fibrotic villi, 17 A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China Universal screening for SARS-CoV-2 in women admitted for delivery Potential maternal and infant outcome from coronavirus 2019-nCoV (SARS-CoV-2) infecting pregnant women: Lessons from SARS, MERS, and other human coronavirus infections Placental Pathology in Covid-19 Positive Mothers: In this study, third trimester placentas from SARS‐CoV‐2‐positive women were more likely to show evidence of maternal/fetal vascular malperfusion; however, no evidence of direct viral involvement or vertical transmission was noted by ISH and IHC. SARS-CoV-2 testing was positive in 15.4% of women presenting to L&D, 87.9% of whom were asymptomatic.
    keywords: cov-2; placentas; sars; women
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        item: #1674 of 5187
          id: cord-283432-od5nnxvg
      author: Morawska, Lidia
       title: How can airborne transmission of COVID-19 indoors be minimised?
        date: 2020-05-27
       words: 5053
      flesch: 25
     summary: For naturally ventilated public buildings, particularly in cold climates, other challenges will arise, but these can also be addressed in order to reduce the risk of airborne infection transmission. In a mechanically ventilated building, ventilation air is typically provided by a heating, ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC) system.
    keywords: air; control; cov-2; et al; infection; risk; room; sars; transmission; ventilation; virus
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        item: #1675 of 5187
          id: cord-283439-hqdq2qrh
      author: Rahman, Mohammad Tariqur
       title: Can Zn Be a Critical Element in COVID-19 Treatment?
        date: 2020-05-26
       words: 5258
      flesch: 44
     summary: Zinc is widely distributed in human tissues, where virtually all Zn is present in intracellular compartments such as the nucleus (30-40%), cytosol, and other organelles and specialized vesicles (50%), and the rest is bound with cell membrane proteins On March 11, 2020 , the World Health Organization (WHO) declared Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak as pandemic caused by another member of the Coronaviridae family-SARS-CoV-2. SARS-CoV-2 primarily infects cells of the small air sacs known as alveoli consisting of alveolar cells and alveolar macrophages.
    keywords: cells; chloroquine; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; hydroxychloroquine; infection; patients; proteins; replication; rna; sars; treatment; zinc
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        item: #1676 of 5187
          id: cord-283440-8du0s33p
      author: Ciuca, Ioana M
       title: COVID-19 in Children: An Ample Review
        date: 2020-06-25
       words: 5646
      flesch: 38
     summary: A total of 147 published papers were found on SARS-CoV-2 in general populations, 48 full-text articles that involved children were published between January 1, 2020 and April, 1 2020 and 44 considered relevant were reviewed for this study. To be used for screening, chest CT scans should detect lung changes in asymptomatic children as well as in symptomatic cases, but the median sensitivity of CT of 60% in pediatric patients with confirmed COVID-19 is not sufficient to expose asymptomatic children to harmful radiation.
    keywords: adults; cases; children; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; lung; sars; study
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        item: #1677 of 5187
          id: cord-283485-xit6najq
      author: Van Damme, Wim
       title: The COVID-19 pandemic: diverse contexts; different epidemics—how and why?
        date: 2020-07-27
       words: 9634
      flesch: 46
     summary: Cluster of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) in the French Alps Investigation of a COVID-19 outbreak in Germany resulting from a single travelassociated primary case: a case series A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating personto-person transmission: a study of a family cluster High SARS-CoV-2 attack rate following exposure at a Choir practice Estimating the overdispersion in COVID-19 transmission using outbreak sizes outside China Why do some COVID-19 patients infect many others, whereas most don't spread the virus at all? What we already know The available information on SARS-CoV-2 and the spectrum of COVID-19 disease is summarised in tables 6 and 7.
    keywords: coronavirus; countries; cov-2; covid-19; disease; epidemic; health; human; immunity; influenza; measles; pandemic; sars; spread; transmission; virus
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        item: #1678 of 5187
          id: cord-283486-ji0e8yoo
      author: Radulesco, Thomas
       title: Safety and Impact of Nasal Lavages During Viral Infections Such as SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-08-27
       words: 1603
      flesch: 39
     summary: 22 Interestingly, NL tends to decrease nasal viral loads and, therefore, could reduce systemic or bronchopulmonary dissemination. Recently, Ramalingam et al reported that antiviral activity against viral infections can be augmented by increasing availability of NaCl.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; nasal; patients; sars
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        item: #1679 of 5187
          id: cord-283491-y6t64pux
      author: Brzezinski, Dariusz
       title: Covid‐19.bioreproducibility.org: A web resource for SARS‐CoV‐2‐related structural models
        date: 2020-09-27
       words: 3186
      flesch: 35
     summary: The protocol and decisions made for each structure are based on our extensive experience in protein structure determination, 14-16 crystallographic software development, 17, 18 published guidelines on structure refinement and structure quality, 7, 19, 20 and previous campaigns of PDB structure re-refinement: 21,22 If raw diffraction data are available, the results of automatic processing of images by HKL-3000auto are examined to verify that the structure was determined in the correct space group and at optimal resolution. The website also serves as a repository for examined and, if found to be suboptimal, corrected versions of PDB structures of SARS-CoV-2 proteins and RNA fragments, with a focus on assessing the smallmolecule ligands modeled in those structures.
    keywords: data; density; diffraction; electron; models; pdb; protein; sars; structures
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        item: #1680 of 5187
          id: cord-283512-qly8iclf
      author: Na, Ki Ryang
       title: Acute Kidney Injury and Kidney Damage in COVID-19 Patients
        date: 2020-07-07
       words: 3180
      flesch: 54
     summary: In a meta-analysis of COVID-19 patients reported by Hu et al., 21 the results were similar to those of AKI occurring in 2.1% of patients. Patients A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Single-cell RNA-seq data analysis on the receptor ACE2 expression reveals the potential risk of different human organs vulnerable to 2019-nCoV infection Acute renal impairment in coronavirusassociated severe acute respiratory syndrome Renal complications and their prognosis in Korean patients with Middle East respiratory syndrome-coronavirus from the central MERS-CoV designated hospital Coronavirus disease 19 infection does not result in acute kidney injury: an analysis of 116 hospitalized patients from Wuhan, China Prevalence and severity of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a systematic review and meta-analysis Renal albumin absorption in physiology and pathology Factors associated with major adverse kidney events in patients who underwent veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation Acute kidney disease stage predicts outcome of patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support Vancomycin and the risk of AKI: a systematic review and meta-analysis Imaging-based monitoring of the renal graft Renal diseases
    keywords: aki; infection; patients; sars; scr
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        item: #1681 of 5187
          id: cord-283579-aejbfk3l
      author: Hilda, Awoyelu Elukunbi
       title: Phyloevolutionary analysis of SARS-CoV-2 in Nigeria
        date: 2020-06-14
       words: 1710
      flesch: 40
     summary: The strain from Nigeria and Wuhan strain (WH05/2020) had more genome sequence similarity as compared with strain WH01/2020. Establishment of the phyloevolutionary relationship of the Nigerian obtained reference sequence for SARS-CoV-2 could benefit biological study of this virus, diagnosis, clinical monitoring and intervention of SARS-CoV-2 in Nigeria.
    keywords: nigeria; sars; sequences; strain; wuhan
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        item: #1682 of 5187
          id: cord-283590-xvnv17zy
      author: Chen, Dabiao
       title: Recurrence of positive SARS-CoV-2 RNA in COVID-19: A case report
        date: 2020-03-05
       words: 1506
      flesch: 40
     summary: Oropharyngeal swab tests of SARS-CoV-2 RNA were performed repeatedly for surveillance (Table 1) . Given the possibility of recurrently positive SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the clinical course and to reduce the risk of transmission in other COVID-19 cases, we suggest that: (1) both nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs test for SARS-CoV-2 RNA should be performed to reduce the false-negative rate.
    keywords: covid-19; national; rna; sars; test
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        item: #1683 of 5187
          id: cord-283699-c4jjdj5o
      author: Eslami, Gholamali
       title: The impact of sofosbuvir/daclatasvir or ribavirin in patients with severe COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-19
       words: 3480
      flesch: 47
     summary: In silico study of various antiviral drugs, vitamins, and natural substances as potential binding compounds with SARS-CoV-2 main protease The in vitro antiviral activity of the anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) drugs daclatasvir and sofosbuvir against SARS-CoV-2 Adverse events associated with highdose ribavirin: evidence from the Toronto outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome SD1000: high sustained viral response rate in 1361 patients with hepatitis C genotypes 1, 2, 3, and 4 using a low-cost, fixed-dose combination tablet of generic sofosbuvir and daclatasvir: a multicenter, phase III clinical trial The combination of sofosbuvir and daclatasvir is effective and safe in treating patients with hepatitis C and severe renal impairment A trial of lopinavir-ritonavir in adults hospitalized with severe COVID-19 Remdesivir for the treatment of COVID-19-preliminary report Remdesivir in adults with severe COVID-19: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial Favipiravir versus arbidol for COVID-19: a randomized clinical trial The authors express their thanks to the patients who participated in this study and Abadan Faculty of Medical Sciences for providing the funding. This trial evaluated the effectiveness of sofosbuvir in combination with daclatasvir in treating patients with COVID-19.
    keywords: covid-19; daclatasvir; group; patients; ribavirin; sars; sofosbuvir; study
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        item: #1684 of 5187
          id: cord-283705-ia65pade
      author: de Gabory, Ludovic
       title: Le virus influenza, le SARS-CoV2 et les voies aériennes : mise au point pour l’Otorhinolaryngologiste
        date: 2020-06-05
       words: 3389
      flesch: 59
     summary: Enfin, si des gouttelettes sont inhalées, elles devront suivre les lois de la dynamique des fluides (filtration) pour se déposer dans l’arbre respiratoire. Les coronavirus appartiennent à la famille des
    keywords: dans; des; gouttelettes; influenza; les; par; patients; pour; sars; une; virus
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        item: #1685 of 5187
          id: cord-283716-tleh9323
      author: Amatore, F.
       title: SARS‐CoV‐2 infection presenting as a febrile rash
        date: 2020-05-27
       words: 830
      flesch: 39
     summary: Indeed, the annular, polycyclic and circinate appearance of the skin lesions differed from classic paraviral rashes in adults, as did the papules on the palms. For instance, some patients with Covid-19 associated cutaneous manifestation have been reported, but there is a lack of iconographic and histological documentation.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; sars
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        item: #1686 of 5187
          id: cord-283749-j4600733
      author: Itoyama, Satoru
       title: ACE1 polymorphism and progression of SARS
        date: 2004-10-22
       words: 2978
      flesch: 48
     summary: Genotypic distribution and allele frequency of the ACE I/D polymorphism in SARS cases and controls with or without contact history to SARS patients were compared (Table 4 ). Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE1) insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism was previously reported to show association with the adult respiratory distress syndrome, which is also thought to play a key role in damaging the lung tissues in SARS cases.
    keywords: ace; allele; cases; lung; sars; study
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        item: #1687 of 5187
          id: cord-283779-mudwcypl
      author: Lauretani, Fulvio
       title: Assessment and treatment of older individuals with COVID-19 multi-system disease: clinical and ethical implications
        date: 2020-05-11
       words: 9739
      flesch: 35
     summary: As a consequence of multimorbidity, polypharmacy defined as the number of drugs reported at hospital admission and the potential drug-drug interactions require a careful evaluation in older COVID-19 patients. These principles have been often ignored, especially in older COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: acute; care; coronavirus; covid-19; day; days; disease; infection; mortality; nutritional; patients; phase; pulmonary; risk; sars; symptoms; syndrome; treatment; use; virus
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        item: #1688 of 5187
          id: cord-283786-d65njv7b
      author: Toptan, Tuna
       title: Optimized qRT-PCR Approach for the Detection of Intra- and Extra-Cellular SARS-CoV-2 RNAs
        date: 2020-06-20
       words: 5268
      flesch: 45
     summary: We and others [8] (personal communication) determined certain drawbacks of the two-step PCR protocol recommended by the WHO, including unspecific signals for E-gene PCR arising due to a combination of several factors including primer dimers, the unspecific binding of the primers and probes, the RT-PCR kit and thermocycler-dependent differences. We and others [8] (personal communication) determined certain drawbacks of the two-step PCR protocol recommended by the WHO, including unspecific signals for E-gene PCR arising due to a combination of several factors including primer dimers, the unspecific binding of the primers and probes, the RT-PCR kit and thermocycler-dependent differences.
    keywords: cov-2; figure; gene; gene pcr; pcr; rdrp; rna; sars
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        item: #1689 of 5187
          id: cord-283818-4m9p717r
      author: Yan, Chao
       title: Rapid and visual detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) by a reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay
        date: 2020-04-08
       words: 1600
      flesch: 49
     summary: Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) situation report-7: 27 293 Genomic characterisation and 295 epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor 296 binding The global 298 spread of 2019-nCoV: a molecular evolutionary analysis Divergence of the Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Originating in China Laboratory readiness and response for novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in expert 305 laboratories in 30 EU/EEA countries Loop-mediated isothermal amplification of DNA Rapid and sensitive detection of 311 novel avian-origin influenza A (H7N9) virus by reverse transcription loop-mediated 312 isothermal amplification combined with a lateral-flow device A Rapid and Specific Assay 315 for the Detection of Visual detection of west nile 317 virus using reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification combined 318 with a vertical flow visualization strip Rapid and specific detection of Asian-and African-lineage Zika 321 viruses Survey and Visual Detection of 323 Zaire ebolavirus in Clinical Samples Targeting the Nucleoprotein Gene in Sierra 324 A real-time 326 reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for the rapid 327 detection of yellow fever virus Loop-mediated isothermal amplification 329 (LAMP): principle, features, and future prospects Detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real-time RT-PCR Molecular 334 Diagnosis of a Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) key: cord-283818-4m9p717r authors: Yan, Chao; Cui, Jinghua; Huang, Lei; Du, Bing; Chen, Lu; Xue, Guanhua; Li, Shaoli; Zhang, Weiwei; Zhao, Linqing; Sun, Yu; Yao, Hailan; Li, Nannan; Zhao, Hanqing; Feng, Yanling; Liu, Shiyu; Zhang, Qun; Liu, Di; Yuan, Jing title: Rapid and visual detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) by a reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay date: 2020-04-08 journal: Clin Microbiol Infect DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2020.04.001 sha: doc_id: 283818 cord_uid: 4m9p717r OBJECTIVE: To evaluate a reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and compare it with RT polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
    keywords: assay; coronavirus; detection; sars
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        item: #1690 of 5187
          id: cord-283823-8n1cy0hj
      author: Parikh, Bijal A.
       title: The Brief Case: “Not Positive” or “Not Sure”—COVID-19-Negative Results in a Symptomatic Patient
        date: 2020-07-23
       words: 1619
      flesch: 43
     summary: Paired NP swabs have been used to evaluate the efficacy of other specimen types, and the need to establish equivalency to NP swab testing has even been made a requirement by the FDA for validation of select specimen types. It has become clear that negative NP swabs alone do not rule out SARS-CoV-2 infection, and as of now, there is no single ideal specimen for the diagnosis of COVID-19 (5) .
    keywords: cov-2; sars; swabs; testing
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        item: #1691 of 5187
          id: cord-283824-c7y9zf7o
      author: Opitz, Sven
       title: Regulating epidemic space: the nomos of global circulation
        date: 2015-02-20
       words: 8621
      flesch: 39
     summary: The first concerns the referent object of governmental practice: the regulatory effort to secure global public health does not focus on human life so much as it does on post-human materialities of global traffic. Taking into account the 'ecologies of pathogenicity' (Collier and Lakoff 2008: 9) , the IHR extend the concept of global public health to all the materialities involved in the planetary movements that they seek to secure.
    keywords: article; bodies; circulation; disease; foucault; health; ihr; international; law; order; quarantine; screening; security; space; spatial; traffic; world
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        item: #1692 of 5187
          id: cord-283850-kt8n6pg2
      author: Steardo, Luca
       title: Psychiatric face of COVID-19
        date: 2020-07-30
       words: 7892
      flesch: 19
     summary: An excessive glial reactivity due to persistent exposure to pro-inflammatory cytokines also contributes to synapse loss and neuronal death 63, 64 . Ageing substantially affects the levels and the activity of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the CNS.
    keywords: analysis; brain; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; disorder; il-6; infection; inflammation; levels; patients; psychiatric; sars; stress; subjects
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        item: #1693 of 5187
          id: cord-283861-kcv1bmyx
      author: Zou, J.
       title: Antibodies to SARS/CoV-2 in arbitrarily-selected Atlanta residents
        date: 2020-05-06
       words: 3198
      flesch: 54
     summary: 136 Conversely, test samples having values within the range of the archived samples reflects an 137 individual's lack of exposure to SARS/CoV-2 or that the antibody response an individual 138 generated at the time of blood collection was not sufficient to rise above the range of the 139 archived samples. key: cord-283861-kcv1bmyx authors: Zou, J.; Bretin, A.; Gewirtz, A. title: Antibodies to SARS/CoV-2 in arbitrarily-selected Atlanta residents date: 2020-05-06 journal: nan DOI: 10.1101/2020.05.01.20087478 sha: doc_id: 283861 cord_uid: kcv1bmyx
    keywords: cov-2; license; preprint; samples; sars
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        item: #1694 of 5187
          id: cord-283895-1p5uog38
      author: Trottier, J.
       title: Post-lockdown detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the wastewater of Montpellier, France
        date: 2020-07-09
       words: 1929
      flesch: 46
     summary: Next, we evaluated the relative efficiency of RNA extraction and RT-qPCR reaction for each sample by adding 10 7 copies of synthetic Ebo Std RNA before RNA extraction. RNA extraction using the NucleoSpin RNA Virus kit (Macherey-Nagel) and RT-qPCR was performed on 10 µl of purified RNA using the TaqPath One-Step RT-qPCR, CG master mix (ThermoFisher Scientific).
    keywords: covid-19; primer; rna; sars; wastewater
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        item: #1695 of 5187
          id: cord-283912-ha2xwjzy
      author: Zheng, Meijuan
       title: Serum inflammatory factors are positively correlated with the production of specific antibodies in coronavirus disease 2019 patients
        date: 2020-09-22
       words: 1525
      flesch: 36
     summary: 12 More notably, convalescent plasma from recovered COVID-19 patients with high levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies has been used for the treatment of COVID-19 patients, but this treatment has at least a theoretical possibility of being associated with ADE 13 and may therefore have the unintended consequence of enhancing the severity of COVID-19 infection. Collectively, these results indicated that severe COVID-19 illness induced strong humoral immune responses, which is consistent with previous studies showing higher IgG titers in severe patients than in nonsevere patients.
    keywords: covid-19; levels; patients; rbd
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        item: #1696 of 5187
          id: cord-283948-rb9rrkxb
      author: Gavriilidis, Paschalis
       title: The Impact of COVID-19 Global Pandemic on Morbidity and Mortality of Liver Transplant Recipients Children and Adults: A Systematic Review of Case Series
        date: 2020-06-25
       words: 1597
      flesch: 43
     summary: The number of reported cases of liver transplant patients with COVID-19 is very few and the reported clinical manifestation and symptoms do not differ from those of the general population. So far there is no ample evidence to report any remarkable differences in the manifestation of disease in liver transplant patients compared to general population.
    keywords: covid-19; liver; sars; transplant
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        item: #1697 of 5187
          id: cord-283956-zgrtux7i
      author: Amin, Sk. Abdul
       title: Fight against novel coronavirus: A perspective of medicinal chemists
        date: 2020-06-12
       words: 5115
      flesch: 47
     summary: SKP2 attenuates autophagy through Beclin1-ubiquitination and its inhibition reduces MERS-Coronavirus infection Endoribonuclease from SARS CoV-2. The crystal structure of papainlike protease of SARS CoV-2 6W9C Deposited It is a challenging task to identify effective anti-COVID-19 drugs urgently.
    keywords: anti; binding; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; discovery; drug; inhibitors; novel; protein; receptor; sars; screening; structure
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        item: #1698 of 5187
          id: cord-283984-jch0ja1o
      author: Loizzo, Monica R.
       title: Phytochemical Analysis and in vitro Antiviral Activities of the Essential Oils of Seven Lebanon Species
        date: 2008-03-20
       words: 1501
      flesch: 56
     summary: Recently, the anti-herpesvirus activity of several essential oils of different plant sources as well as of various constituents of essential oils was demonstrated [1] [2] . Essential oils have been evaluated for their inhibitory activity against SARS‐CoV and HSV‐1 replication in vitro by visually scoring of the virus‐induced cytopathogenic effect post‐infection.
    keywords: activity; oil; oils; oxycedrus
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        item: #1699 of 5187
          id: cord-284008-vlwdtjbe
      author: Li, Na
       title: The Application of Corticosteroids in COVID-19: A Two-edged Sword
        date: 2020-06-25
       words: 3107
      flesch: 43
     summary: The use of corticosteroid as treatment in SARS was associated with adverse outcomes: a retrospective cohort study SARS: systematic review of treatment effects Steroid therapy and the risk of osteonecrosis in SARS patients: a dose-response meta-analysis Treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome with glucosteroids: the Guangzhou experience Corticosteroid Therapy for Critically Ill Patients with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Clinical predictors of mortality of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection: A cohort study Corticosteroids as Adjunctive Therapy in the Treatment of Influenza: An Updated Cochrane Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Effect of low-tomoderate-dose corticosteroids on mortality of hospitalized adolescents and adults with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viral pneumonia Adjuvant Corticosteroid Treatment in Adults With Influenza A (H7N9) Viral Pneumonia Clinical evidence does not support corticosteroid treatment for 2019-nCoV lung injury Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome Clinical features and progression of acute respiratory distress syndrome in coronavirus disease COVID-19 with Different Severity: A Multi-center Study of Clinical Features The Treatment and Outcomes of Patients with COVID-19 in Hubei, China: A Multi-Centered, Retrospective, Observational Study (2/26/2020) [24] So far, whether the patients with COVID-19 could benefit from corticosteroids therapy is not clear.
    keywords: corticosteroids; covid-19; patients; study; therapy; treatment
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        item: #1700 of 5187
          id: cord-284028-l0r7f9sr
      author: Lee, Chi-Wei
       title: A loophole in international quarantine procedures disclosed during the SARS crisis
        date: 2004-12-30
       words: 2798
      flesch: 41
     summary: Records from at the Emergency Department of E-Da Hospital, in Southern Taiwan, of patients suffering from symptoms of respiratory tract infection who had departed recently from SARS areas from March 19, 2003 onwards were analyzed. key: cord-284028-l0r7f9sr authors: Lee, Chi-Wei; Tsai, Yen-Shuo; Wong, Tai-Wai; Lau, Chor-Chiu title: A loophole in international quarantine procedures disclosed during the SARS crisis date: 2004-12-30 journal:
    keywords: diseases; health; hong; kong; quarantine; sars; spread
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        item: #1701 of 5187
          id: cord-284037-nj5jo1ev
      author: Kwee, Thomas C.
       title: Chest CT in COVID-19: What the Radiologist Needs to Know
        date: 2020-10-23
       words: 7673
      flesch: 29
     summary: The authors describe imaging and managing care of patients with COVID-19, with topics including (a) chest CT protocol, (b) chest CT findings of COVID-19 and its complications, (c) the diagnostic accuracy of chest CT and its role in diagnostic decision making and prognostication, and (d) reporting and communicating chest CT findings. In this article, we provide an overview of chest CT in imaging and managing care of patients with COVID-19 and discuss topics including (a) chest CT protocol, (b) chest CT findings in COVID-19 and its complications, (c) the diagnostic accuracy of chest CT and its role in diagnostic decision making and prognostication, and (d) reporting and communicating chest CT findings.
    keywords: chest; chest ct; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; findings; imaging; patients; pcr; pneumonia; sars; test
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        item: #1702 of 5187
          id: cord-284038-93s3ffoy
      author: Keyhanian, Kiandokht
       title: SARS-CoV-2 and nervous system: From pathogenesis to clinical manifestation
        date: 2020-11-07
       words: 11721
      flesch: 30
     summary: Viruses Organ distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in SARS patients: implications for pathogenesis and virus transmission pathways Coupling viruses to dynein and kinesin-1. A first step in understanding SARS pathogenesis Propagation of swine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus and pseudorabies virus in dorsal root ganglia cells Expression of the monoclonal antibody against nucleocapsid antigen of SARS-associated coronavirus in autopsy tissues from SARS patients.
    keywords: acute; brain; case; cells; cns; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; csf; disease; encephalitis; et al; human; infection; patients; pcr; r n; receptor; sars; study; symptoms; syndrome; system
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        item: #1703 of 5187
          id: cord-284042-awl5bb0j
      author: Carrascosa, J.M.
       title: Cutaneous Manifestations in the Context of SARS-CoV-2 Infection (COVID-19)()
        date: 2020-10-15
       words: 3954
      flesch: 39
     summary: A description of 74 cases from a tertiary university hospital in Spain Varicella-like exanthem as a specific COVID-19-associated skin manifestation: multicenter case series of 22 patients Clinical and histological characterization of vesicular COVID-19 rashes: A prospective study in a tertiary care hospital Acute urticaria with pyrexia as the first manifestations of a COVID-19 infection Acute urticaria with pyrexia as the first manifestations of a COVID-19 infection: Urticaria-like lesions in COVID-19 patients are not really urticaria. Hedou et al., 9 in response to the aforementioned article, reported skin lesions attributable to COVID-19 in 4.9% of patients with a positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test result in a series of 103 patients.
    keywords: cases; cov-2; covid-19; infection; lesions; manifestations; patients; sars; skin; symptoms
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        item: #1704 of 5187
          id: cord-284045-scd3f8vk
      author: Pape, Constantin
       title: Microscopy-based assay for semi-quantitative detection of SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies in human sera
        date: 2020-10-07
       words: 5631
      flesch: 46
     summary: 506 507 Quantitation and Scoring 508 To distinguish infected cells from control cells we use the dsRNA virus marker channel: infected 510 cells show a signal in this channel while the non-infected control cells should ideally be invisible 511 (see Fig. 3 ). Preferential 129 antibody binding to infected compared to non-infected cells indicates the presence of specific 130 SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the examined serum.
    keywords: analysis; antibodies; cells; control; cov-2; detection; fig; images; sars; sera; serum
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        item: #1705 of 5187
          id: cord-284068-sbon3aes
      author: Mok, Chee Keng
       title: Calcitriol, the active form of vitamin D, is a promising candidate for COVID-19 prophylaxis
        date: 2020-06-22
       words: 1803
      flesch: 33
     summary: Using this method, we identified 31 compounds from the pre-infection treatment screen and 90 compounds from the post-infection treatment screen with activity against SARS-CoV-2 (Table S4) . To expand this arsenal, we screened 4 compound libraries: a United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved drug library, an angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) targeted compound library, a flavonoid compound library as well as a natural product library.
    keywords: compounds; cov-2; infection; library; sars; vitamin
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        item: #1706 of 5187
          id: cord-284091-1dj4yxkz
      author: Duart, Gerard
       title: SARS-CoV-2 envelope protein topology in eukaryotic membranes
        date: 2020-09-09
       words: 2894
      flesch: 39
     summary: Several topological parameters have been proposed to govern membrane protein topology, among which the preferential distribution of positively charged residues in the cytosol ( positive-inside rule) has been established as the primary topology determinant both experimentally [21] and statistically The cytoplasmic tails of infectious bronchitis virus E and M proteins mediate their interaction Molecular code for transmembrane-helix recognition by the Sec61 translocon Recognition of transmembrane helices by the endoplasmic reticulum translocon Predicting transmembrane protein topology with a hidden markov model: application to complete genomes Transmembrane protein topology prediction using support vector machines The HMMTOP transmembrane topology prediction server A combined transmembrane topology and signal peptide prediction method The TOPCONS web server for consensus prediction of membrane protein topology and signal peptides Membrane insertion and topology of the translocating chain-associating membrane protein (TRAM) Acknowledgements.
    keywords: coronavirus; figure; glycosylation; membrane; protein; sars; sequence; site; topology
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        item: #1707 of 5187
          id: cord-284102-rovyvv45
      author: Wagner, Teresa R.
       title: NeutrobodyPlex - Nanobodies to monitor a SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing immune response
        date: 2020-09-28
       words: 2921
      flesch: 36
     summary: From this, we can assume that 227 our RBD Nbs covering large parts of the RBD:ACE2 interface might be suitable to monitor the 228 emergence and presence of neutralizing antibodies in patients. In contrast, NM1228 169 (Nb-Set1) as well as NM1230 (Nb-Set2) contacted the RBD at amino acid residues overlapping 170 with the RBD:ACE2 binding interface, whereas NM1230 additionally covers parts of the spike-171 like loop region on one edge of the ACE2 interface at the top front/ lower left side (Front View, 172 which did not contact any amino acid residues involved in the RBD:ACE2 interface but rather 179 binds to the opposite site (Front View, Figure 5 ).
    keywords: ace2; binding; cov-2; nbs; rbd; sars
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        item: #1708 of 5187
          id: cord-284163-3jmqzemf
      author: Seffer, Malin-Theres
       title: Heparin 2.0: A New Approach to the Infection Crisis
        date: 2020-07-02
       words: 2986
      flesch: 36
     summary: This narrative review will give a brief overview regarding some of the extracorporeal devices that could be used to treat COVID-19 patients, including the Seraph® 100 Microbind® Affinity Blood Filter, produced by ExThera Medical (Martinez, CA, USA), first licensed in the European Economic Area in 2019. Interestingly detectable serum SARS-Cov-2 RNA in the blood of COVID-19 patients has been shown to be associated with elevated IL-6 concentration and poor prognosis
    keywords: blood; covid-19; extracorporeal; heparin; patients; seraph; surface
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        item: #1709 of 5187
          id: cord-284191-05djnz4p
      author: Bert, Nina Le
       title: Different pattern of pre-existing SARS-COV-2 specific T cell immunity in SARS-recovered and uninfected individuals
        date: 2020-05-27
       words: 1959
      flesch: 42
     summary: Half of them (9/18) possess T cells targeting the ORF-1 coded proteins NSP7 and 13, which were rarely detected in COVID-19- and SARS-recovered patients. All of them trigger antibody and T cell responses in infected patients: however, antibody levels appear to wane relatively quicker than T cells.
    keywords: cells; cov-2; covid-19; sars
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        item: #1710 of 5187
          id: cord-284234-9cd2v6bt
      author: Sebastian, S
       title: Safety of drugs during previous and current coronavirus pandemics: Lessons for IBD
        date: 2020-06-10
       words: 4490
      flesch: 29
     summary: One of the key challenges needing addressing is the quantification of the risks of immunosuppressive and biologic therapies in IBD patients during the pandemic. Although clinical, immunological and pharmacological data from the experience with the previous coronavirus outbreaks cannot be automatically translated to predict the safety of IBD therapies during COVID-19 pandemic, the signals so far from these outbreaks on IBD patients who are on immunomodulators and biologics are reassuring to patients and clinicians alike.
    keywords: bowel; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; ibd; infection; mers; patients; risk; sars
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        item: #1711 of 5187
          id: cord-284302-odvv2yn3
      author: Minagorre, Pedro J. Alcalá
       title: CAMBIOS A PARTIR DE LA COVID-19. UNA PERSPECTIVA DESDE LA PEDIATRÍA INTERNA HOSPITALARIA
        date: 2020-06-19
       words: 3135
      flesch: 36
     summary: Durante la primera etapa de la epidemia Con respecto a la incertidumbre de algunos aspectos terapéuticos de la COVID-19, los parámetros para iniciar tratamientos sin indicación establecida son, aparte de la imposibilidad inmediata para llevar a cabo ensayos clínicos, el tener referencia de la inocuidad en animales, un adecuado análisis riesgo-beneficio por los comités de ética de investigación y el consentimiento informado por el paciente o tutores legales.
    keywords: adultos; con; covid-19; crisis; del; esta; hospital; hospitalaria; las; los; pacientes; para; pediatría; personal; por; que; sars; una
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        item: #1712 of 5187
          id: cord-284366-snajbvr9
      author: Han, Zhiyong
       title: Discharged COVID‐19 Patients Testing Positive Again for SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA: A Minireview of Published Studies from China
        date: 2020-07-01
       words: 2020
      flesch: 53
     summary: To better understand what is happening and to provide public health policy planners and clinicians timely information, we have searched and reviewed published studies about discharged patients testing positive again for the SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA. Our review of these reports indicates the presence of discharged patients who remain asymptomatic but test positive.
    keywords: discharged; patients; pcr; sars
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        item: #1713 of 5187
          id: cord-284376-plwyjhl8
      author: Fu, Xinmiao
       title: Simulating and forecasting the cumulative confirmed cases of SARS-CoV-2 in China by Boltzmann function-based regression analyses
        date: 2020-05-31
       words: 14755
      flesch: 44
     summary: Increasing reports on human PRV infection cases in China have recently indicated that PRV poses a significant threat to public health in China, especially in people in close contact with sick pigs and/or related pork products/contaminants. Potential total numbers of confirmed cases in different regions were estimated.
    keywords: 2019; cases; china; colistin; control; data; disease; gene; health; human; infection; isolates; laboratory; novel; number; outbreak; patients; pcr; pertussis; pjp; pneumoniae; resistance; sars; table; time; treatment
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        item: #1714 of 5187
          id: cord-284387-cjziykrz
      author: Garcia-Castrillo, Luis
       title: European Society For Emergency Medicine position paper on emergency medical systems’ response to COVID-19
        date: 2020-05-04
       words: 2353
      flesch: 38
     summary: Potential case definition A person with acute respiratory infection and no other causes for the infection and at least one of the following: (1) travel or stay in countries with known outbreak, or in one of the countries where the virus has spread in the previous 14 days or (2) the patient is a member of a medical team working on patients infected with coronavirus or with a respiratory infection of an unknown cause or (3) has worked with or has been in close contact with patients with respiratory infections of unknown origin or of known SARS-CoV-2 origin in the previous 14 days. The suspected patients who will be sent to isolation wards or ICU, or transferred to a dedicated centre ward, or isolated at home should remain in a specific isolated area, minimising movements and contact with other patients within the ER.
    keywords: cases; coronavirus; emergency; healthcare; patients; sars
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        item: #1715 of 5187
          id: cord-284398-rhfwbyav
      author: Aboubakr, Hamada A.
       title: Stability of SARS‐CoV‐2 and other coronaviruses in the environment and on common touch surfaces and the influence of climatic conditions: A review
        date: 2020-07-14
       words: 6436
      flesch: 43
     summary: The effects of temperature and relative humidity on the viability of the SARS coronavirus SARS-CoV-2-positive sputum and feces after conversion of pharyngeal samples in patients with COVID-19 Viral replication in the nasopharynx is associated with diarrhea in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Stability of SARS-CoV-2 in different environmental conditions The SRAS-COV-2 nucleic acid detected for the first time on the surface of door handle in Guangzhou and cleaning taken attention Physico-chemical properties of murine hepatitis virus, strain A59 Inactivation of the coronavirus that induces severe acute respiratory syndrome, SARS-CoV Building a COVID-19 Vulnerability Index SARS-CoV-2: A novel deadly virus in a globalised world Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Stability of SARS coronavirus in human specimens and environment and its sensitivity to heating and UV irradiation The effect of UVB irradiation on antibody responses during herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infections of mice. No Evidence for Temperature-Dependence of the COVID-19 Epidemic Coronavirus Resource Center Inactivation of SARS coronavirus by means of povidone-iodine, physical conditions and chemical reagents Changes to taxonomy and the international code of virus classification and nomenclature ratified by the international committee on taxonomy of viruses Projecting the transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 through the postpandemic period Reduced antigen-presenting function of human Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-B cells and monocytes after UVB radiation is accompanied by decreased expression of B7, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and LFA-3 Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and corona virus disease-2019 (COVID-19): The epidemic and the challenges Survival of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Effect of pH and temperature on the infectivity of human coronavirus 229E Thermal inactivation studies of a coronavirus, transmissible gastroenteritis virus Heat inactivation of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; days; et al; human; sars; study; temperature; transmission; virus
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        item: #1716 of 5187
          id: cord-284429-d7qxfo6d
      author: Trezza, Alfonso
       title: An integrated drug repurposing strategy for the rapid identification of potential SARS-CoV-2 viral inhibitors
        date: 2020-08-17
       words: 4730
      flesch: 38
     summary: The proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2 Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): the epidemic and the challenges The outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia calls for viral vaccines Structure, function, and antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein Structural biology: Structure of SARS coronavirus spike receptor-binding domain complexed with receptor Structural basis for the recognition of SARS-CoV-2 by full-length human ACE2 SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor Structure, function, and evolution of coronavirus spike proteins Characterization of spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 on virus entry and its immune cross-reactivity with SARS-CoV Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation A possible strategy to fight COVID-19: interfering with spike glycoprotein trimerization Synthetic peptides outside the spike protein heptad repeat regions as potent inhibitors of SARS-associated coronavirus Potent cross-reactive neutralization of SARS coronavirus isolates by human monoclonal antibodies Potent neutralization of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus by a human mAb to S1 protein that blocks receptor association Network-based drug repurposing for novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV/SARS-CoV-2 Structural and functional basis of SARS-CoV-2 entry by using human ACE2 PyMod 2.0: improvements in protein sequence-structure analysis and homology modeling within PyMOL PROCHECK: a program to check the stereochemical quality of protein structures GROMACS: a message-passing parallel molecular dynamics implementation Fast prediction and visualization of protein binding pockets with PASS ps:surface, sasa, cavity, software, hole, channel, tunnel POVME 3.0: software for mapping binding pocket flexibility Software news and updates AutoDock4 and AutoDockTools4: automated docking with selective receptor flexibility DrugBank 5.0: a major update to the DrugBank database Implementation of XBSF, new empirical halogen bond scoring function, into AutoDock Vina Open babel: an open chemical toolbox Supervised molecular dynamics (SuMD) approaches in drug design Two small molecules restore stability to a subpopulation of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator with the predominant disease-causing mutation Direct anti-HCV agents GC-376, and calpain inhibitors II, XII inhibit SARS-CoV-2 viral replication by targeting the viral main protease In silico molecular dynamics docking of drugs to the inhibitory active site of SARS-CoV-2 protease and their predicted toxicology and ADME Trials of anti-tumour necrosis factor therapy for COVID-19 are urgently needed In a similar attempt to overcome limitations of classic in silico docking, they adopted a complex approach combining virtual drug screening, molecular docking and supervised machine learning techniques 44 .
    keywords: ace2; binding; coronavirus; cov-2; drugs; interaction; lumacaftor; protein; rbd; sars; simeprevir; simulations
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        item: #1717 of 5187
          id: cord-284444-mgxxbm0u
      author: Reychler, G.
       title: Nebulization: A potential source of SARS-CoV-2 transmission
        date: 2020-08-04
       words: 1124
      flesch: 48
     summary: Experts can't agree Aerosol and surface stability of SARS-CoV-2 as compared with SARS-CoV-1 Index patient and SARS outbreak in Hong Kong Exhaled air and aerosolized droplet dispersion during application of a jet nebulizer Exposure of healthcare workers to aerosolized pentamidine Air, surface environmental, and personal protective equipment contamination by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) from a symptomatic patient Aerodynamic characteristics and RNA concentration of SARS-CoV-2 aerosol in Wuhan Hospitals during COVID-19 outbreak COVID-19 outbreak associated with air conditioning in restaurant Dubus c , on behalf of the group Aerosoltherapy (GAT) of the French Language Respiratory Society Faculté de Médecine, 37032 Tours cedex, France c Pneumologie Pédiatrique Marseille Cedex 5, France * Respir Med Res DOI: 10.1016/j.resmer.2020.100778 sha: doc_id: 284444 cord_uid: mgxxbm0u nan The risk of airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 by patients with Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) is unclear [1] .
    keywords: cov2; nebulization; nebulizer; sars
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        item: #1718 of 5187
          id: cord-284449-z7r4n0w7
      author: Ma, L.
       title: Effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection upon male gonadal function: A single center-based study
        date: 2020-03-24
       words: 2859
      flesch: 47
     summary: Clinical characteristics of 81 male patients with COVID-19 COVID-19 patients median (25 th ~75 th percentile) -yrs , range) White blood cell count Lymphocyte Alanine transaminase (ALT, IU/L) 43 (13~799) Although serum testosterone levels did not statistically change in the COVID-19 group, a significant increase in serum LH level and a dramatic decrease in serum T: LH were observed.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; sars; serum; study
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        item: #1719 of 5187
          id: cord-284464-avriske3
      author: Liu, Tao
       title: Recurrent positive SARS‐CoV‐2: Immune certificate may not be valid
        date: 2020-06-09
       words: 296
      flesch: 48
     summary: There were no differences in the prevalence of IgM or IgG to SARS-CoV-2 ( Figure S1 ) or serum levels of these antibodies (Table 1) The presence of SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 patients is usually confirmed using real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method.2
    keywords: sars; test
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        item: #1720 of 5187
          id: cord-284478-c1uj3jra
      author: Schub, David
       title: High levels of SARS-CoV-2–specific T cells with restricted functionality in severe courses of COVID-19
        date: 2020-10-15
       words: 7359
      flesch: 41
     summary: Consistent with primary induction, specific T cells had a restricted cytokine pattern with a low percentage of multifunctional cells and a relative dominance of single or dual cytokine-producing cells expressing IL-2, which is different from reactivations, where the loss in multifunctional cells is associated with a shift toward cells exclusively expressing IFN-γ (18, 30) . Although this functional profile of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells in patients with severe disease has several characteristics of an exhausted phenotype found in patients with symptomatic disease in the context of chronic infections and/or reactivations, exhaustion is frequently associated with a quantitative decrease in specific T cells (15, 17) .
    keywords: cd4; cd8; cells; convalescent; cov-2; disease; levels; patients; sars; t cells
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        item: #1721 of 5187
          id: cord-284498-54j6ys8s
      author: Ihsanullah, Ihsanullah
       title: Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in water environments: Current status, challenges and research opportunities
        date: 2020-10-16
       words: 5704
      flesch: 40
     summary: Although the major transmission routes of SARS-CoV-2 are through respiratory droplets and direct contact [3] [4] [5] , recent studies have reported the presence of viral RNA of SARS-CoV-2 in untreated and treated wastewater and human feces [3, [6] A recent study reported that there is a negative correlation between sunlight UV dose and percent positive of SARS-CoV-2 [117] .
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; detection; potential; presence; research; sars; sewage; transmission; treatment; virus; wastewater; wwtps
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        item: #1722 of 5187
          id: cord-284526-a5kgo4ct
      author: Gavriilaki, Eleni
       title: Endothelial Dysfunction in COVID-19: Lessons Learned from Coronaviruses
        date: 2020-08-27
       words: 6013
      flesch: 26
     summary: Translational lessons from animal models Central nervous system involvement by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) Clin Microbiol Infect: the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases COVID-19-associated acute hemorrhagic necrotizing encephalopathy: CT and MRI features A first case of meningitis/encephalitis associated with SARS-Coronavirus-2 Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis after SARS-CoV-2 infection Severe COVID-19 infection and thrombotic microangiopathy: success does not come easily A case-series study describing a possible pathophysiologic mechanism of severe COVID-19 infection unravelled the catastrophic microvascular injury syndrome mediated by complement cascade Pulmonary vascular endothelialitis, thrombosis, and angiogenesis in Covid-19 Microvascular COVID-19 lung vessels obstructive thromboinflammatory syndrome (MicroCLOTS): an atypical acute respiratory distress syndrome working hypothesis Post-mortem examination of COVID19 patients reveals diffuse alveolar damage with severe capillary congestion and variegated findings of lungs and other organs suggesting vascular dysfunction Autopsy findings and venous thromboembolism in patients with COVID-19 Incidence of thrombotic complications in critically ill ICU patients with COVID-19 Prevalence of venous thromboembolism in patients with severe novel coronavirus pneumonia Anticoagulant treatment is associated with decreased mortality in severe coronavirus disease 2019 patients with coagulopathy Pulmonary embolism in COVID-19 patients: awareness of an increased prevalence Incidence of venous thromboembolism in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 High risk of thrombosis in patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection: a multicenter prospective cohort study High incidence of venous thromboembolic events in anticoagulated severe COVID-19 patients Venous and arterial thromboembolic complications in COVID-19 patients admitted to an academic hospital in Milan Systematic assessment of venous thromboembolism in COVID-19 patients receiving thromboprophylaxis: incidence and role of D-dimer as predictive factors Thromboembolism and anticoagulant therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic: interim clinical guidance from the anticoagulation forum Scientific and standardization committee communication: clinical guidance on the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolism in hospitalized patients with COVID In parallel with autopsy findings, high rates of VTE (10 to 43%, especially PE) have been clinically diagnosed in COVID-19 patients in intensive care units (ICUs)
    keywords: acute; case; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; dysfunction; endothelial; icu; infection; patients; sars; study; syndrome
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        item: #1723 of 5187
          id: cord-284559-g9szoh3g
      author: Bartoloni, Elena
       title: Hypertension and SARS-Cov-2 infection: is inflammation the missing link?
        date: 2020-09-23
       words: 617
      flesch: 20
     summary: In this setting, patients with severe disease exhibit high serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-6, and their elevated concentrations closely relates to worse outcome. Indeed, the contribution of aberrant innate immune system activation and consequent downstream signalling cascade leading to pro-inflammatory cytokine release has been recognized in various experimental models of HTN.
    keywords: covid-19; patients
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        item: #1724 of 5187
          id: cord-284573-w0sk622m
      author: Caduff, Carlo
       title: What Went Wrong: Corona and the World after the Full Stop
        date: 2020-07-21
       words: 9279
      flesch: 55
     summary: But health care workers deserve more than patriotic feelings and symbolic gestures; they deserve better health care policies. Outsourced production capacity and insufficient stockpiles of personal protective equipment put nursing home residents, community health care workers, and hospital staff at risk, weakening health care systems further.
    keywords: care; case; countries; covid-19; deaths; disease; health; lockdown; pandemic; people; public; rate; response; testing; virus; world
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        item: #1725 of 5187
          id: cord-284589-j1609xlu
      author: Sedova, Mayya
       title: Coronavirus3D: 3D structural visualization of COVID-19 genomic divergence
        date: 2020-05-29
       words: 1304
      flesch: 46
     summary: While there are no confirmed clinical differences between SARS-CoV-2 from different clades, the ongoing growth of the number of mutations create a high demand for the systematic analysis of nonsynonymous mutations and their possible influence on the COVID-19 pandemics. As the COVID-19 pandemics is spreading around the world, the SARS-CoV-2 virus is evolving with mutations that potentially change and fine-tune functions of the proteins coded in its genome.
    keywords: mutations; proteins; sars; structure
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        item: #1726 of 5187
          id: cord-284625-to6w5hm2
      author: Duan, Xiaopei
       title: A retrospective study of the initial 25 COVID-19 patients in Luoyang, China
        date: 2020-05-26
       words: 3357
      flesch: 52
     summary: GGO was the typical chest CT findings of COVID-19 patients. In addition, COVID-19 patients were not found to have combined a On the admission day, the unenhanced CT scan shows diffuse bilateral multiple patchy GGO (white arrow), and the partial boundary is clear while some have unclear boundaries, which are especially significant in the lower lobes of both lungs; strip consolidative opacities (black arrow) are in the focal area.
    keywords: ggo; patients; pcr; results; sars; symptoms
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        item: #1727 of 5187
          id: cord-284627-qvz63m93
      author: Banerjee, Shuvam
       title: Decoding the lethal effect of SARS-CoV-2 (novel coronavirus) strains from global perspective: molecular pathogenesis and evolutionary divergence
        date: 2020-04-09
       words: 3697
      flesch: 54
     summary: A C>T G>T T>C C>T C>T AGC>AGT TTT>TAT TAC>TAT GGA>GTA TTT>TTC GAC>GAT TCA>TTA S2839S F3071Y Y346Y G196V F87F D128D S197L S NS S On the origin and continuing evolution of SARS-CoV-2 Genetic diversity and evolution of SARS-CoV-2 Mechanisms of viral mutation The lethality of different viral strains is found to vary in different geographical locations but the molecular mechanism is yet to be known.
    keywords: cov-2; genome; mutations; protein; sars
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        item: #1728 of 5187
          id: cord-284702-reu77suz
      author: Lau, Suet-Ting
       title: Tachycardia amongst subjects recovering from severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)
        date: 2005-04-08
       words: 739
      flesch: 40
     summary: Normal thyroid function tests excluded thyrotoxicosis. Patients recovering from SARS had palpitation in the form of sinus tachycardia.
    keywords: function; patients; tachycardia
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        item: #1729 of 5187
          id: cord-284734-qioy7eso
      author: Pourahmad, Ramtin
       title: Efficacy of Plasmapheresis and Immunoglobulin Replacement Therapy (IVIG) on Patients with COVID-19
        date: 2020-07-31
       words: 3077
      flesch: 40
     summary: 4433 cases Experience of using convalescent plasma for severe acute respiratory syndrome among healthcare workers in a Taiwan hospital Treatment with convalescent plasma for COVID-19 patients in Wuhan The convalescent sera option for containing COVID-19 Molecular mechanism for antibody-dependent enhancement of coronavirus entry Extensive complement-dependent enhancement of HIV-1 by autologous non-neutralising antibodies at early stages of infection Antibodydependent enhancement of Ebola virus infection The convalescent sera option for containing COVID-19 Management of COVID-19 virus infection by convalescent plasma Immune-epidemiological parameters of the novel coronavirus -a perspective Temporal dynamics in viral shedding and transmissibility of COVID-19 Publisher's Note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations Acknowledgments Based on these reports, the administration of plasmapheresis and IVIG should be promptly administered to COVID-19 patients in order to have the highest efficacy in their treatment [7, 26, 27] .
    keywords: convalescent; covid-19; immunoglobulin; ivig; patients; plasmapheresis; therapy; treatment
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        item: #1730 of 5187
          id: cord-284791-bgodmbru
      author: Whitworth, Carrie
       title: Persistence of Bacteriophage Phi 6 on Porous and Nonporous Surfaces and the Potential for Its Use as an Ebola Virus or Coronavirus Surrogate
        date: 2020-08-18
       words: 5177
      flesch: 47
     summary: World Health Organization Transmission characteristics of MERS and SARS in the healthcare setting: a comparative study Assessment of the risk of Ebola virus transmission from bodily fluids and fomites Ebola virus RNA detection on fomites in close proximity to confirmed Ebola patients; N'Zerekore, Guinea Environmental contamination and persistence of Ebola virus RNA in an Ebola treatment center Evaluation of phi6 persistence and suitability as an enveloped virus surrogate The use of bacteriophages of the family Cystoviridae as surrogates for H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in persistence and inactivation studies The cystovirus phi6 as a simulant for Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus Survival of an enveloped virus on toys Evaluation of eluents for the recovery of an enveloped virus from hands by whole-hand sampling Survival of a surrogate virus on N95 respirator material Assessment of self-contamination during removal of personal protective equipment for Ebola patient care Virus transfer from personal protective equipment to healthcare employees' skin and clothing Ebola virus stability on surfaces and in fluids in simulated outbreak environments The survival of filoviruses in liquids, on solid substrates and in a dynamic aerosol Persistence of Ebola virus in sterilized wastewater Persistence in darkness of virulent alphaviruses, Ebola virus, and Lassa virus deposited on solid surfaces Survival of the enveloped virus Phi6 in droplets as a function of relative humidity, absolute humidity, and temperature Inactivation of avian influenza viruses on porous and non᎑porous surfaces is enhanced by elevating absolute humidity Effects of air temperature and relative humidity on coronavirus survival on surfaces Stability of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) under different environmental conditions Evaluating environmental persistence and disinfection of the Ebola virus Makona variant Ebola virus persistence in the environment: state of the knowledge and research needs Differences in the comparative stability of Ebola virus Makona-C05 and Yambuku-Mayinga in blood Stability of SARS-CoV-2 in different environmental conditions Survival of human coronaviruses 229E and OC43 in suspension and after drying on surfaces: a possible source of hospital-acquired infections Environmental temperature and case fatality of patients with Ebola virus disease in Sierra Leone and Liberia Persistence of the 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus on N95 respirators Absolute humidity modulates influenza survival, transmission, and seasonality Role of the air-watersolid interface in bacteriophage sorption experiments Bacteriophage inactivation at the airwater-solid interface in dynamic batch systems Inactivation of some bacterial and animal viruses by exposure to liquid-air interfaces Relationship between humidity and influenza A viability in droplets and implications for influenza's seasonality Mechanical properties of viruses analyzed by atomic force microscopy: a virological perspective Evaluating the environmental persistence and inactivation of MS2 bacteriophage and the presumed Ebola virus surrogate phi6 using low concentration hydrogen peroxide vapor Survival of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Survival of enteric viruses on environmental fomites The persistence of phi 6 was evaluated as a surrogate for Ebola virus (EBOV) and coronaviruses on porous and nonporous hospital surfaces.
    keywords: conditions; ebola; log; persistence; pfu; phi; surrogate; virus
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        item: #1731 of 5187
          id: cord-284829-dge21g0g
      author: Dinakaran, Damodharan
       title: Neuropsychiatric aspects of COVID-19 Pandemic: A Selective Review
        date: 2020-05-30
       words: 2291
      flesch: 30
     summary: Smell and taste disorders were reportedly more common in COVID-19 patients than in influenza (38). The Lancet Neurology Guillain Barre syndrome associated with COVID-19 infection: A case report Clinical characteristics of 113 deceased patients with coronavirus disease 2019:
    keywords: covid-19; infection; neuropsychiatric; patients; sars; study; syndrome
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        item: #1732 of 5187
          id: cord-284841-flhfagp3
      author: Nicol, Thomas
       title: Assessment of SARS-CoV-2 serological tests for the diagnosis of COVID-19 through the evaluation of three immunoassays: two automated immunoassays (Euroimmun and Abbott) and one rapid lateral flow immunoassay (NG Biotech)
        date: 2020-06-15
       words: 2811
      flesch: 50
     summary: [ELISA] or chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassays [CLIA]) or rapid detection test (lateral flow immunoassays, LFIA). Serological tests can be used for symptomatic individuals for which RT-PCR testing was either not performed at the time of acute illness or for which nasopharyngeal swab result was found to be negative, and also for epidemiological studies (close contacts screening, screening of health care workers …)
    keywords: assays; cov-2; igg; lfia; sars
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        item: #1733 of 5187
          id: cord-284862-nhihxog0
      author: Kroemer, Marie
       title: COVID-19 patients display distinct SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cell responses according to disease severity
        date: 2020-08-25
       words: 1045
      flesch: 40
     summary: Specific T-cell responses for S, M and N proteins were simultaneously shown for 70.0% of severe pneumonia patients while only for 37.9% of mild illness patients (P=0.0191) (Fig. 1E) . key: cord-284862-nhihxog0 authors: Kroemer, Marie; Spehner, Laurie; Vettoretti, Lucie; Bouard, Adeline; Eberst, Guillaume; Floury, Sebastien Pili; Capellier, Gilles; Lepiller, Quentin; Orillard, Emeline; Mansi, Laura; Clairet, Anne-Laure; Westeel, Virginie; Limat, Samuel; Dubois, Maxime; Malinowski, Léa; Bohard, Louis; Borg, Christophe; Chirouze, Catherine; Bouiller, Kevin title: COVID-19 patients display distinct SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cell responses according to disease severity date: 2020-08-25 journal: J Infect DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.08.036 sha: doc_id: 284862 cord_uid: nhihxog0 Adaptive Immune responses generated by SARS-CoV-2 virus in convalescent patients according to disease severity remain poorly characterized.
    keywords: patients; pneumonia; responses
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        item: #1734 of 5187
          id: cord-284867-p4jgyusp
      author: Schöler, Lara
       title: A Novel In-Cell ELISA Assay Allows Rapid and Automated Quantification of SARS-CoV-2 to Analyze Neutralizing Antibodies and Antiviral Compounds
        date: 2020-10-09
       words: 4356
      flesch: 35
     summary: In addition to its genetic similarity, SARS-CoV-2 not only shares some clinical characteristics with SARS-CoV-1 (4) but also exhibits some highly relevant particularities such as an increased spreading efficacy and the length of the course of disease (5) . However, to our knowledge, these assays rely on laborious microscopic counting of virus plaques or antibody-stained foci by trained personnel (20) (21) (22) or on genetically modified viruses such as transgenic SARS-CoV-2 mutants (23) or pseudo-typed viruses [e.g., vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)] expressing the S protein of SARS-CoV-2 (24, 25) .
    keywords: antibodies; cells; cov-2; human; icelisa; icnt; infection; nabs; neutralization; sars; virus
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        item: #1735 of 5187
          id: cord-284873-m1ehdydr
      author: Cadegiani, Flavio A.
       title: Spironolactone: An Anti-androgenic and Anti-hypertensive Drug That May Provide Protection Against the Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) in COVID-19
        date: 2020-07-28
       words: 2544
      flesch: -8
     summary: Translational lessons from animal models Neurologic features in severe SARS-CoV-2 infection Gastrointestinal symptoms of 95 cases with SARS-CoV-2 infection Gastrointestinal manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection and virus load in fecal samples from a Hong Kong Cohort: systematic review and meta-analysis Evidence for gastrointestinal infection of SARS-CoV-2 Cutaneous manifestations in COVID-19: a first perspective COVID-19 and cutaneous manifestations Cardiovascular complications in patients with COVID-19: consequences of viral toxicities and host immune response COVID-19-related myocarditis in a 21-year-old female patient Cardiac and arrhythmic complications in patients with COVID-19 First case of COVID-19 complicated with fulminant myocarditis: a case report and insights Liver injury during highly pathogenic human coronavirus infections Gastrointestinal and liver manifestations in patients with COVID-19 Hepatic and gastrointestinal involvement in coronavirus disease Acute kidney injury in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients Acute renal impairment in coronavirus-associated severe acute respiratory syndrome Does COVID-19 affect male fertility? SARS-CoV-2 and the testis: similarity with other viruses and routes of infection Incidence of thrombotic complications in critically ill ICU patients with COVID-19 High incidence of venous thromboembolic events in anticoagulated severe COVID-19 patients Hypercoagulability of COVID-19 patients in intensive care unit: a report of thromboelastography findings and other parameters of hemostasis Prevalence of venous thromboembolism in patients with severe novel coronavirus pneumonia Pulmonary embolism in patients with COVID-19: time to change the paradigm of computed tomography Coagulation disorders in coronavirus infected patients: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV and lessons from the past Mineralocorticoid antagonists in ESRD: an overview of clinical trial evidence Non-genomic effects of spironolactone and eplerenone in cardiomyocytes of neonatal Wistar rats: do they evoke cardioprotective pathways? Pneumonia in Wuhan, China Analysis of factors associated with disease outcomes in hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus disease Are patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus at increased risk for COVID-19 infection? China medical treatment expert group for Covid-19.
    keywords: ace2; angiotensin; cov-2; covid-19; patients; receptor; sars; spironolactone
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        item: #1736 of 5187
          id: cord-284879-sjkni2uc
      author: Song, Suk-Kyoon
       title: IgG Seroprevalence of COVID-19 among Individuals without a History of the Coronavirus Disease Infection in Daegu, Korea
        date: 2020-07-16
       words: 2564
      flesch: 45
     summary: Only 3.5% of study subjects reported the presence of confirmed COVID-19 cases among close contacts such as family, friends, or coworkers. 1 During an epidemic of infectious diseases, seroprevalence studies are important in demonstrating the widespread and undiagnosed infection in the general population.
    keywords: cases; covid-19; korea; number; seroprevalence; study
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        item: #1737 of 5187
          id: cord-284925-vy2li9lz
      author: Lam, Dennis Shun Chiu
       title: COVID-19: Special Precautions in Ophthalmic Practice and FAQs on Personal Protection and Mask Selection
        date: 2020-04-29
       words: 4723
      flesch: 48
     summary: 37 Conjunctivitis was reported to be present in 0.8% to 5.2% of COVID-19 patients. Conjunctivitis could be present in COVID-19 patients, and virus may even be present in their tears and conjunctival secretion.
    keywords: air; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; infection; masks; n95; patients; respiratory; sars; transmission
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        item: #1738 of 5187
          id: cord-284950-qqje5s04
      author: Venkataraman, Thiagarajan
       title: The role of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling in SARS coronavirus-induced pulmonary fibrosis
        date: 2017-07-31
       words: 6628
      flesch: 34
     summary: Autopsies of SARS patients also showed lung fibrosis in various stages of progression (Gu and Korteweg, 2007; Hwang et al., 2004; Tse et al., 2004) . A similar protective effect was seen in infections involving a mutant MHV-68 that was defective for reactivation from latency suggesting a connection between virus life cycle and lung fibrosis for this virus (Mora et al., 2007) .
    keywords: acute; cov; egfr; et al; factor; fibrosis; infection; lung; mice; patients; sars; signaling; syndrome
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        item: #1739 of 5187
          id: cord-284954-uuqchon4
      author: Plebani, Mario
       title: SARS-CoV-2 antibody-based SURVEILLANCE: New light in the SHADOW
        date: 2020-11-05
       words: 964
      flesch: 30
     summary: However, as for any diagnostic test, a careful validation of the analytical and clinical performance (in particular, sensitivity and specificity) of SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing is required in view of currently available evidence of major weaknesses in many commercialised serological tests, particularly pointof-care tests [10] . On the other hand, the accurate evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies provides not only important population-based data on pathogen exposure, on the prevalence of the infection, also in asymptomatic subjects, and on the selection of convalescent plasma donors, but also valuable information for tracking transmission dynamics, gaining knowledge on population immunity levels and informing disease control policies [4] .
    keywords: covid-19; sars; testing
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        item: #1740 of 5187
          id: cord-284978-vh1x6pg9
      author: Jang, Hongje
       title: Discovery of Hepatitis C Virus NS3 Helicase Inhibitors by a Multiplexed, High‐Throughput Helicase Activity Assay Based on Graphene Oxide
        date: 2013-02-18
       words: 2983
      flesch: 46
     summary: Herein, we developed a multiplexed helicase assay based on graphene oxide (GO) for high-throughput screening of inhibitors of HCV NS3 helicase and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS CoV) helicase. [10] Herein, we show that the GOHA can be used for measuring the activities of HCV NS3 helicase and SARS CoV helicase in a single mixed solution using two distinct DNA substrates tethered to different fluorophores, and furthermore, for multiplexed high-throughput screening to discover highly selective small-molecule inhibitors of these helicases ( Figure 1 ).
    keywords: cov; figure; hcv; helicase; inhibitors; ns3; sars
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        item: #1741 of 5187
          id: cord-285018-l26px1bc
      author: Ong, David S.Y.
       title: Comparison of the GeneFinder(TM) COVID-19 Plus RealAmp Kit on the sample-to-result Platform ELITe InGenius to the national reference method: an added value of N gene target detection?
        date: 2020-09-07
       words: 1496
      flesch: 46
     summary: In these samples, the InGenius® platform detected all three genes in 47 (84%) samples, E gene and N gene only in 1 (2%), RdRp and N gene only in 2 (3%), and N gene only in 8 (14%). key: cord-285018-l26px1bc authors: Ong, David S.Y.; Claas, Eric C.J.; Breijer, Simone; Vaessen, Norbert title: Comparison of the GeneFinder(TM) COVID-19 Plus RealAmp Kit on the sample-to-result Platform ELITe InGenius to the national reference method: an added value of N gene target detection? date: 2020-09-07 journal: J Clin Virol DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104632 sha: doc_id: 285018 cord_uid: l26px1bc BACKGROUND: Due to the emergence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic there is an urgent need for rapid and accurate testing on the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
    keywords: covid-19; gene; ingenius; platform
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        item: #1742 of 5187
          id: cord-285053-ah9z9luw
      author: Freedman, David O
       title: In-flight transmission of SARS-CoV-2: a review of the attack rates and available data on the efficacy of face masks
        date: 2020-09-25
       words: 2064
      flesch: 48
     summary: This review presents a comprehensive table summarizing all peer-reviewed or public health publication of flights with likely, possible or unproven in-flight SARS-CoV-2 transmission from 24 January 2020 to 21 September 2020. Summary data on peer-reviewed or public health publication of flights with suspected or possible in-flight SARS-CoV-2 transmission from January 2020 to 21 September 2020 incomplete as it is, support the concept of proximity to a SARS-Co-V infected person as a key factor in in-flight transmission.
    keywords: cases; flight; passengers; sars; transmission
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        item: #1743 of 5187
          id: cord-285111-qjclp51i
      author: Davanzo, Riccardo
       title: Breastfeeding and coronavirus disease‐2019: Ad interim indications of the Italian Society of Neonatology endorsed by the Union of European Neonatal & Perinatal Societies
        date: 2020-04-26
       words: 3625
      flesch: 42
     summary: In the light of current available scientific data and the protective potential of breast milk, a woman with suspected or confirmed The hospital management of mothers suspected of or with confirmed COVID-19 must foresee two options: rooming-in or separation between mother and neonate. A recent paper from JAMA Pediatrics reports that among 33neonates of COVID-19 mothers, three presented respiratory symptoms in the first days of life and tested positive for COVID-19 on Day 2after childbirth (Zeng, Xia, & Yuan, 2020) .
    keywords: breastfeeding; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; infection; mother; neonate; sars
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        item: #1744 of 5187
          id: cord-285159-gytebbua
      author: Eydoux, Cecilia
       title: A Fluorescence-based High Throughput-Screening assay for the SARS-CoV RNA synthesis complex
        date: 2020-07-07
       words: 3620
      flesch: 51
     summary: Picogreen kinetic assay was based on polymerase activity of SARS nsp12 in complex with nsp7L8, which catalyzed the reaction using a poly (A) template and uridine triphosphate (UTP). The current Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic revealed a new pathogen whose RNA synthesis machinery is highly (>96% aa identity) homologous to SARS-CoV.
    keywords: assay; concentration; cov; nsp12; nsp7l8; rna; sars
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        item: #1745 of 5187
          id: cord-285162-srkd3wh0
      author: Jung, F.
       title: How we should respond to the Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 outbreak: A German perspective
        date: 2020-06-05
       words: 4638
      flesch: 57
     summary: The effect on the viral spread of the German measures taken and the impact on the peak of new infection cases is shown. How we should respond to the Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 outbreak A decade after SARS: strategies for controlling emerging coronaviruses Summary of probable SARS cases with onset of illness from 1 Rapidly increasing cumulative incidence of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in the European Union/European Economic Area and the United Kingdom First cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in France: surveillance, investigations and control measures Potential scenarios for the progression of a COVID-19 epidemic in the European Union and the European Economic Area Influenza-associated pneumonia as reference to assess seriousness of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) Transmission of 2019-nCoV Infection from an Asymptomatic Contact in Germany Covid-19 National Emergency Response Center E, Case Management Team KCfDC, Prevention.
    keywords: cases; cov-2; covid-19; day; germany; lockdown; march; sars; time
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        item: #1746 of 5187
          id: cord-285168-qkadqohe
      author: Delatorre, Edson
       title: Tracking the onset date of the community spread of SARS-CoV-2 in Western Countries
        date: 2020-04-23
       words: 2552
      flesch: 44
     summary: (10) These results suggest that early community transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Europe could have been fueled by the rapid dissemination of few regional clades. (23) Hence, the estimates presented here should be closer to the upper limit of the likely time range when virus community transmission has started.
    keywords: community; countries; cov-2; sars; transmission
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        item: #1747 of 5187
          id: cord-285179-26ey3fm8
      author: Chan, Kwok-Hung
       title: Cross-reactive antibodies in convalescent SARS patients' sera against the emerging novel human coronavirus EMC (2012) by both immunofluorescent and neutralizing antibody tests
        date: 2013-04-10
       words: 5283
      flesch: 43
     summary: A severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-like disease due to a novel betacoronavirus, human coronavirus EMC (HCoV-EMC), has emerged recently. As with other highly pathogenic viruses which are capable of causing epidemics such as SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and avian H5N1 influenza A virus, an animal source of the virus leading to interspecies jumping to humans is possible.
    keywords: acute; antibodies; antibody; coronavirus; emc; hcov; human; oc43; patients; sars; sera; titers
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        item: #1748 of 5187
          id: cord-285203-ilxd0ih9
      author: Paradiso, Angelo Virgilio
       title: Clinical meanings of rapid serological assay in patients tested for SARS-Co2 RT-PCR
        date: 2020-04-06
       words: 3079
      flesch: 43
     summary: Results Rapid serological test showed a sensitivity of 30% and a specificity of 89% with respect to the standard assay but, interestingly, these performances improve after 8 days of symptoms appearance. After 10 days of symptoms the predictive value of rapid serological test is higher than that of standard assay.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; igg; igm; preprint; sars; test
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        item: #1749 of 5187
          id: cord-285254-8a1cia8s
      author: Parry, Nicola M.A.
       title: COVID-19 and pets: When pandemic meets panic
        date: 2020-12-31
       words: 3632
      flesch: 52
     summary: The Hong Kong Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals issued a statement to inform the public that there is no evidence to show that pets can transmit the virus to people, and warning people against compromising animal welfare [5] . [4] The animal welfare impact And while the pandemic has resulted in devastating consequences for health systems and economic stability throughout the world, it has also had undesirable, but perhaps not surprising, ramifications for animal welfare.
    keywords: animal; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; health; pets; sars
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        item: #1750 of 5187
          id: cord-285315-7r44j3q9
      author: Bein, Berthold
       title: SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19: Empfehlungen zu Diagnostik und Therapie
        date: 2020-04-09
       words: 2255
      flesch: 41
     summary: Angesteckten pro Infizierten über der von SARS. Intensive Care Med Empfehlungen zur intensivmedizinischen Therapie von Patienten mit COVID-19 Extravascular lung water predicts progression to acute lung injury in patients with increased risk Best practice & research clinical anaesthesiology:
    keywords: bei; china; clinical; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; das; der; die; eine; mit; patienten; patients; sars; sich; und; von; werden
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        item: #1751 of 5187
          id: cord-285362-7dc2gox0
      author: Jacot, Damien
       title: Viral load of SARS-CoV-2 across patients and compared to other respiratory viruses
        date: 2020-09-07
       words: 1231
      flesch: 42
     summary: 80 We observed a broad distribution of viral load values ( individuals, when tested, were likely to be proportionally more frequently positive than the rest of 98 the population, while young children showed very low percentages of positivity despite being rarely 99 tested ( Fig. S1C-D) . Although limited by the low samples size, the 101 pediatric age groups showed viral loads values comparable to adults.
    keywords: cov-2; load; patients; sars
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        item: #1752 of 5187
          id: cord-285426-iyl12ber
      author: Ghavami, Shaghayegh Baradaran
       title: IBD Patients Could Be Silent Carriers for Novel Coronavirus and Less Prone to its Severe Adverse Events: True or False?
        date: 2020-09-08
       words: 1974
      flesch: 40
     summary: Inflammatory bowel disease: epidemiology, pathogenesis, and therapeutic opportunities Inflammatory bowel disease: between genetics and microbiota Care of inflammatory bowel disease patients in remission Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus Evidence for gastrointestinal infection of SARS-CoV-2 Organ-specific distribution of ACE2 mRNA and correlating peptidase activity in rodents Viruses and interferon: a fight for supremacy Recruitment of an interferon molecular signaling complex to the mitochondrial membrane: disruption by hepatitis C virus NS3-4A protease SARS coronavirus and innate immunity Cross-regulation of TNF and IFN-α in autoimmune diseases Are patients with inflammatory bowel disease at increased risk for Covid-19 infection? key: cord-285426-iyl12ber authors: Ghavami, Shaghayegh Baradaran; Shahrokh, Shabnam; Hossein-Khannazer, Nikoo; Shpichka, Anastasia; Asadzadeh Aghdaei, Hamid; Timashev, Peter; Vosough, Massoud title: IBD Patients Could Be Silent Carriers for Novel Coronavirus and Less Prone to its Severe Adverse Events: True or False? date: 2020-09-08 journal:
    keywords: ace2; covid-19; ibd; patients; sars
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        item: #1753 of 5187
          id: cord-285430-o086q2qa
      author: Gribble, Karleen
       title: Mistakes from the HIV pandemic should inform the COVID-19 response for maternal and newborn care
        date: 2020-07-25
       words: 2625
      flesch: 44
     summary: Policy makers in the developing world followed suit and HIV-positive women were supplied with free infant formula despite there being no knowledge of the magnitude of risk of HIV transmission through breastfeeding [8] . It is clear that in order to maximise infant health and wellbeing, COVID-19 policies should support skin-to-skin contact, maternal proximity, and breastfeeding.
    keywords: breastfeeding; covid-19; hiv; infant; pandemic; transmission
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        item: #1754 of 5187
          id: cord-285440-srtkqr13
      author: Zhang, Jianguo
       title: Web-based electronic patient records for collaborative medical applications
        date: 2004-12-20
       words: 3526
      flesch: 41
     summary: Fig. 11 shows an expert in the remote expert center, which was located in Xinhua Hospital, talking to the SARS physician about SARS patient images with the system. For more difficult or complicated cases, the medical record usually contains medical images with other related records, which come from hospital information system (HIS) and other clinical information systems (CIS).
    keywords: epr; hospital; infection; medical; sars; system; web
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        item: #1755 of 5187
          id: cord-285449-frft2h85
      author: Guillon, Patrice
       title: Inhibition of the interaction between the SARS-CoV Spike protein and its cellular receptor by anti-histo-blood group antibodies
        date: 2008-09-25
       words: 6044
      flesch: 46
     summary: The ABO gene stands out among the genes involved since O blood group individuals were shown to have very low odds of infection compared to non-O individuals in a hospital outbreak that occurred in March 2003 in Hong Kong (Cheng et al. 2005) . The arrow shows the expected molecular size of the EGFP-SP fusion protein. postponed the starting time of the epidemic in blood group O individuals as compared with the other blood groups.
    keywords: anti; antibodies; blood; cells; cho; effect; fut2; group; individuals; protein; sars
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        item: #1756 of 5187
          id: cord-285459-fph03r22
      author: Patel, Ami B
       title: SARS-CoV-2 Point Prevalence among Asymptomatic Hospitalized Children and Subsequent Healthcare Worker Evaluation
        date: 2020-08-28
       words: 1599
      flesch: 48
     summary: Our objectives were to characterize: 1) prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in hospitalized children without symptoms of COVID-19; 2) the frequency of secondary infection among healthcare workers (HCW) exposed to asymptomatic children with SARS-CoV-2; and 3) environmental contamination in rooms of asymptomatic children with COVID-19. The risk of transmission 3 from asymptomatic children remains unknown.
    keywords: children; cov-2; covid-19; sars
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        item: #1757 of 5187
          id: cord-285467-uxfk6k3c
      author: Ragni, Enrico
       title: Management of osteoarthritis during COVID‐19 pandemic
        date: 2020-05-21
       words: 7081
      flesch: 25
     summary: OA patients often show a large array of concomitant pathologies such as diabetes, inflammation and cardiovascular diseases that are again shared with COVID‐19 patients and may therefore increase complications. Predisposing comorbidities in OA patients At the moment, no studies have investigated a potential relationship between respiratory viral infections and the development of OA, as described for parainfluenza and coronavirus and the incidence of rheumatoid arthritis (30) .
    keywords: article; copyright; covid-19; disease; drugs; infection; nsaids; opioids; osteoarthritis; patients; pneumonia; rights; risk; sars; treatment; use
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        item: #1758 of 5187
          id: cord-285469-b61y9ezi
      author: Hernández-Fernández, Francisco
       title: Cerebrovascular disease in patients with COVID-19: neuroimaging, histological and clinical description
        date: 2020-07-09
       words: 7016
      flesch: 37
     summary: Although our observed incidence of CVD in COVID-19 patients is slightly lower than reported (Mao et al., 2020) , deferred medical care, and the lower number of patients admitted with lacunar infarctions could have underestimated the actual incidence of CVD. Bivariates studies were designed to contrast the main variables among CVD patients, between ischaemic/haemorrhagic subtypes within the COVID-19 group, and to assess clinical prognosis.
    keywords: brain; cases; cerebral; cov-2; covid-19; cvd; et al; findings; infection; patients; sars; stroke; study
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        item: #1759 of 5187
          id: cord-285486-99trkti1
      author: Abd-Elsalam, Sherief
       title: Hydroxychloroquine in the Treatment of COVID-19: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Study
        date: 2020-08-14
       words: 2929
      flesch: 47
     summary: Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that HCQ treatment was not significantly associated with decreased mortality in COVID-19 patients. Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for COVID-19 G*Power 3: a flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences Chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine for prophylaxis of COVID-19 Hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19: what is our current state of knowledge? Characteristics, treatment outcomes and role of hydroxychloroquine among 522 COVID-19 hospitalized patients in Jaipur city: an epidemio-clinical study Observational study of hydroxychloroquine in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 COVID-19 coronavirus research has overall low methodological quality thus far: case in point for chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine Hydroxychloroquine in patients with mainly mild to moderate coronavirus disease 2019: open label, randomised controlled trial Virological and clinical cure in COVID-19 patients treated with hydroxychloroquine: a systematic review and meta-analysis Effect of hydroxychloroquine in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: preliminary results from a multi-centre, randomized A randomized trial of hydroxychloroquine as postexposure prophylaxis for COVID-19 Hydroxychloroquine as postexposure prophylaxis for COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2: the path of prevention and control APASL COVID Task Force, APASL COVID Liver Injury Spectrum Study, 2020.
    keywords: care; covid-19; group; hcq; hydroxychloroquine; patients; treatment
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        item: #1760 of 5187
          id: cord-285490-tpsf05ca
      author: Solís, José Gabriel
       title: Case Report: Rhabdomyolysis in a Patient with COVID-19: A Proposed Diagnostic-Therapeutic Algorithm
        date: 2020-07-29
       words: 1796
      flesch: 33
     summary: We recommend measuring CK levels in COVID-19 patients with suggestive clinical or analytical alterations, especially in those with AKI, in which it can be a pathophysiological mechanism that requires early and aggressive treatment to prevent chronic kidney damage or death. The diagnosis of COVID-19 and severe rhabdomyolysis complicated with AKI was made.
    keywords: acute; covid-19; muscle; patients; rhabdomyolysis; sars
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        item: #1761 of 5187
          id: cord-285527-1mceq6v0
      author: Kinloch, Natalie N
       title: Suboptimal biological sampling as a probable cause of false-negative COVID-19 diagnostic test results
        date: 2020-06-28
       words: 1917
      flesch: 41
     summary: We used droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) to demonstrate that human DNA levels, a stable molecular marker of sampling quality, were significantly lower in samples from 40 confirmed or suspected COVID-19 cases that yielded negative diagnostic test results (i.e. suspected false-negative test results) compared to a representative pool of 87 specimens submitted for COVID-19 testing. As diagnoses may not have been made in a consistent manner across treating physicians, these samples may be less likely to represent false negative results.
    keywords: test
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        item: #1762 of 5187
          id: cord-285557-my16g91c
      author: Berger, A.
       title: Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)—paradigm of an emerging viral infection
        date: 2004-01-31
       words: 6386
      flesch: 40
     summary: Koch's postulates fulfilled for SARS virus Critically ill patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS genome patent: symptom or disease? Isolation and characterization of viruses related to the SARS coronavirus from animals in southern China Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): breath-taking progress Electron microscopy for rapid diagnosis of infectious agents in emergent situations SARS coronavirus: a new challenge for prevention and therapy Clinical presentations and outcome of severe acute respiratory syndrome in children Hong Kong Department of Health. Hong Kong researchers reported at the WHO Global Conference on SARS in Kuala Lumpur in June 2003 that SARS patients treated with Kaletra (lopinavir with low-dose ritonavir) plus ribavirin experienced a 50% reduction in death rate.
    keywords: cases; coronavirus; cov; et al; health; human; organization; patients; sars; syndrome; transmission; world
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        item: #1763 of 5187
          id: cord-285569-ei9w19i7
      author: Shah, Aditya
       title: Guide to Understanding the 2019 Novel Coronavirus
        date: 2020-02-28
       words: 2062
      flesch: 47
     summary: 27, 28 Deaths appear to be occurring predominantly in the elderly, with a median age of 75 years in reported cases, but lately, younger patients have died as well. World Health Organization website Severe acute respiratory syndrome The severe acute respiratory syndrome Summary of probable SARS cases with onset of illness from 1 Lack of SARS transmission among healthcare workers, United States SARS: epidemiology, clinical presentation, management, and infection control measures Coronavirus susceptibility to the antiviral remdesivir (GS-5734) is mediated by the viral polymerase and the proofreading exoribonuclease.
    keywords: cases; coronavirus; cov; covid-19; infection; sars
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        item: #1764 of 5187
          id: cord-285574-i0dh1u5i
      author: Ferini-Strambi, Luigi
       title: COVID-19 and neurological disorders: are neurodegenerative or neuroimmunological diseases more vulnerable?
        date: 2020-07-21
       words: 6804
      flesch: 33
     summary: The neuroinvasive potential of SARS-CoV2 may play a role in the respiratory failure of COVID-19 patients Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus causes multiple organ damage and lethal disease in mice transgenic for human dipeptidyl peptidase 4 Differential expression of neuronal ACE2 in transgenic mice with overexpression of the brain renin-angiotensin system Angiotensin type 2 receptors: role in aging and neuroinflammation in the substantia nigra Cerebrospinal fluid antibodies to coronavirus in patients with Parkinson's disease Outcome of Parkinson's disease patients affected by COVID-19 Staging of brain pathology related to sporadic Parkinson's disease Movement disorders in the world of COVID-19 Management of advanced therapies in Parkinson's disease patients in times of humanitarian crisis: the COVID-19 experience Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Parkinson's disease and movement disorders Influence of Parkinsonism on outcomes of elderly pneumonia patients Effects of COVID-19 on Parkinson's disease clinical features: a community-based case-control study Incidence of anxiety in parkinson's disease during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Parkinson's disease: hidden sorrows and emerging opportunities Effect of high-intensity treadmill exercise on motor symptoms in patients with de novo Parkinson disease Effectiveness of home-based and remotely supervised aerobic exercise in Parkinson's disease: adouble-blind, randomised controlled trial Mental health, physical activity, and quality of life in Parkinson's disease during COVID-19 pandemic Parkinson's disease and COVID-19: perceptions and implications in patients and caregivers Increased dependence of action selection on recent motor history in Parkinson's disease Cognitive deficits in Parkinson's disease: a cognitive neuroscience perspective Movement disorder societyunified Parkinson's disease rating scale use in the covid-19 Era E-Rehabilitation: One Solution for Patients With Parkinson's Disease in COVID-19 Era Implementation of telemedicine for urgent and ongoing healthcare for patients With Parkinson's disease during the COVID-19 pandemic: new expectations for the future Is the brain a reservoir organ for SARS2-CoV2? Disruption of cellular proteostasis by H1N1 influenza A virus causes α-synuclein aggregation Transient aggregation of ubiquitinated proteins is a cytosolic unfolded protein response to inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress The possible protective role of α-synuclein against the SARS-CoV-2 infections in patients with Parkinson's disease Lack of alpha-synuclein modulates microglial phenotype in vitro Qualitative and quantitative ultrastructural analysis of the membrane rearrangements induced by coronavirus Conductance and amantadine binding of a pore formed by a lysineflanked transmembrane domain of SARS coronavirus envelope protein The G8 dementia research summita starter for eight? Case-fatality rate and characteristics of patients dying in relation to COVID-19 in Italy Clinical features of COVID-19 in elderly patients: a comparison with young and middle-aged patients Risk factors for predicting mortality in elderly patients with COVID-19: a review of clinical data in China Coronavirus disease 2019 in elderly patients: characteristics and prognostic factors based on 4-week follow-up Clinical characteristics and prognostic factors in COVID-19 patients aged ≥80 years Clinical presentation of COVID19 in dementia patients Neuropsychiatric disturbance in Alzheimer's disease clusters into three groups: the cache county study The effects of confinement on neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's disease during the COVID-19 crisis Neuropsychiatric signs and symptoms of Alzheimer's disease: new treatment paradigms Neuropsychiatric symptoms and quality of life in spanish patients with Alzheimer's disease during the COVID-19 lockdown Atypical presentation of covid-19 in an older adult with severe Alzheimer disease Delirium in hospitalized older adults Telemedicine in neurology: telemedicine work Group of the American Academy of neurology update Dementia care and COVID-19 pandemic: a necessary digital revolution Disability through COVID-19 pandemic: neurorehabilitation cannot wait Potential novel role of COVID-19 in Alzheimer's disease and preventative mitigation strategies A claims databased comparison of comorbidity in individuals with and without dementia Barrientos RMThe impact of nutrition on COVID-19 susceptibility and long-term consequences Anticipating and mitigating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on alzheimer's disease and related dementias Multiple sclerosis and the risk of infection: considerations in the threat of the novel coronavirus, COVID-19/SARS-CoV-2 Infections in patients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis: A multi-database study Infection risks among patients with multiple sclerosis treated with fingolimod, natalizumab, rituximab, and injectable therapies Disease-modifying drugs for multiple sclerosis and infection risk: a cohort study Risk of COVID-19 infection in MS and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders COVID-19 pandemic and the risk of infection in multiple sclerosis patients on disease modifying therapies: what the bleep do we know? Taken together, these finding suggest dementia, especially in the advanced stages of the disease, might represent an important risk factor for mortality in COVID-19 patients (Fig. 1) .
    keywords: age; covid-19; dementia; disease; disorders; infection; pandemic; patients; risk; sars
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        item: #1765 of 5187
          id: cord-285580-gq7400tq
      author: Pieretti, Joana C.
       title: Nitric oxide (NO) and nanoparticles – potential small tools for the war against COVID-19 and other human coronavirus infections
        date: 2020-10-18
       words: 4886
      flesch: 37
     summary: The use of NO donors and nanomaterials increases the stability of NO and enables targeted, controlled NO release at desirable concentrations, which is fundamental for NO bioactivity (Quinn et al., 2015) . NO has already been reported as a potential candidate for the treatment against coronaviruses and other respiratory viral diseases, such as influenza (Arabi et al., 2015; Keyaerts et al., 2004; Murphy et al., 1998) .
    keywords: covid-19; donors; et al; nitric; oxide; patients; sars; treatment
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        item: #1766 of 5187
          id: cord-285603-f4572w5m
      author: Ortega, Joseph T.
       title: Class A G Protein-Coupled Receptor Antagonist Famotidine as a Therapeutic Alternative against SARS-CoV2: An In Silico Analysis
        date: 2020-06-24
       words: 5999
      flesch: 42
     summary: However, weak binding affinity of famotidine to these proteases suggests that a successful famotidine therapy could likely be achieved only in combination with other antiviral drugs. Thus, it seems that, similarly to ribavirin, the best therapeutic effect of famotidine could be achieved in combination therapy with other antiviral drugs [64, 65] .
    keywords: analysis; binding; cov2; drugs; famotidine; hiv; inhibitors; lopinavir; protease; replication; sars; viral
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        item: #1767 of 5187
          id: cord-285636-cs26uuwx
      author: Singh, N. K.
       title: Hitting the diagnostic sweet spot: Point-of-care SARS-CoV-2 salivary antigen testing with an off-the-shelf glucometer
        date: 2020-09-25
       words: 7869
      flesch: 45
     summary: A Comparative Review of SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus Laboratory and Point-of-Care Diagnostics Rapid Scaling Up of Covid-19 Diagnostic Testing in the United States -The NIH RADx Initiative Projected health-care resource needs for an effective response to COVID-19 in 73 low-income and middle-income countries: a modelling study Low performance of rapid antigen detection test as frontline testing for COVID-19 diagnosis Point-of-care serological assays for delayed SARS-CoV-2 case identification among health-care workers in the UK: a prospective multicentre cohort study Four point-of-care lateral flow immunoassays for diagnosis of COVID-19 and for assessing dynamics of antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 Transforming the blood glucose meter into a general healthcare meter for in vitro diagnostics in mobile health Using personal glucose meters and functional DNA sensors to quantify a variety of analytical targets Detection of Protein Biomarker Using a Blood Glucose Meter Investigation of the Accuracy of 18 Marketed Blood Glucose Monitors Temporal profiles of viral load in posterior oropharyngeal saliva samples and serum antibody responses during infection by SARS-CoV-2: an observational cohort study SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load in Upper Respiratory Specimens of Infected Patients Overview on self-monitoring of blood glucose Use of Saliva for Diagnosis and Monitoring the SARS-CoV-2: A General Perspective Aptamer Based Method for Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein Discovery of Aptamers Targeting Receptor-Binding Domain of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein Methods for the determination of limit of detection and limit of quantitation of the analytical methods Mfold web server for nucleic acid folding and hybridization prediction Studies on Identifying the Catalytic Role of Glu-204 in the Active Site of Yeast Invertase COVID-19 screening strategies that permit the safe re-opening of college campuses Replacing antibodies with aptamers in lateral flow immunoassay The proposed workflow is illustrated in Figure 1 , where aptamers directed at the viral S or N protein are pre-conjugated to invertase through a small antisense oligonucleotide strand that is complementary to a portion of the aptamer's binding domain (aptatope).
    keywords: antigen; antisense; aptamer; assay; buffer; cov-2; glucose; international; invertase; license; medrxiv; preprint; protein; saliva; sars; version
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        item: #1768 of 5187
          id: cord-285647-9tegcrc3
      author: Estrada, Ernesto
       title: Fractional diffusion on the human proteome as an alternative to the multi-organ damage of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-08-17
       words: 9192
      flesch: 50
     summary: Proteins mainly expressed outside the lungs are significantly perturbed during diffusive processes that have started at other proteins expressed in the lungs. A first step in understanding SARS pathogenesis A SARS-CoV-2-human protein-protein interaction map reveals drug targets and potential drug-repurposing Network medicine framework for identifying drug repurposing opportunities for COVID-19 Specificity and stability in topology of protein networks Perturbation waves in proteins and protein networks: Applications of percolation and game theories in signaling and drug design Predicting perturbation patterns from the topology of biological networks Modeling and simulating networks of interdependent protein interactions Network medicine: A networkbased approach to human disease Protein interaction networks in medicine and disease Human diseases through the lens of network biology Stochastic model of protein-protein interaction: Why signaling proteins need to be colocalized Accounting for conformational changes during protein-protein docking Inferring novel tumor suppressor genes with a protein-protein interaction network and network diffusion algorithms Information flow in interaction networks Sampling the cell with anomalous diffusion-The discovery of slowness Understanding biochemical processes in the presence of sub-diffusive behavior of biomolecules in solution and living cells Protein motion in the nucleus: From anomalous diffusion to weak interactions Random diffusivity from stochastic equations: Comparison of two models of Brownian yet non-Gaussian diffusion Anomalous protein diffusion in living cells as seen by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy Anomalous subdiffusion is a measure for cytoplasmic crowding in living cell Elucidating the origin of anomalous diffusion in crowded fluids In a mirror dimly: Tracing the movements of molecules in living cells Protein entrapment in polymeric mesh: Diffusion in crowded environment with fast process on short scales From continuous time random walks to fractional Fokker-Planck equation A mathematical analysis of obstructed diffusion within skeletal muscle Fractional Calculus and Waves in Linear Viscoelasticity.
    keywords: cov-2; diffusion; human; lungs; network; ppi; process; processes; proteins; sars; time
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        item: #1769 of 5187
          id: cord-285700-9q6vwoct
      author: Grzelak, Ludivine
       title: SARS-CoV-2 serological analysis of COVID-19 hospitalized patients, pauci-symptomatic individuals and blood donors.
        date: 2020-04-24
       words: 6534
      flesch: 49
     summary: Statistical analysis were calculated using Prism 8. Sera from pre-epidemic individuals sampled between 2017 and 2019 (first row), hospitalized cases with confirmed COVID-19 (second row), paucisymptomatics individual from the Crépy-en-Vallois epidemic cluster (third row) and healthy blood donors (last row) were surveyed for anti-SARS-Cov-2 antibodies using four serological assays. The kinetics of anti-N response was described to be similar to that of anti-S, although N responses might appear earlier [15] [16]
    keywords: anti; antibodies; assay; cov-2; elisa; fig; individuals; license; patients; preprint; sars; sera
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        item: #1770 of 5187
          id: cord-285711-2utcn0hw
      author: Elliott, Robert
       title: COVID-19 Related Mortality During Management of a Hepatic Abscess
        date: 2020-09-22
       words: 2073
      flesch: 37
     summary: Should mandates related to in-hospital universal masking eventually ease, we hope that safeguards are in place such that our healthcare systems can quickly J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f reintegrate universal masking; one option we put forth might be to follow disease activity in the region such that when some arbitrary threshold is passed, we return to universal hospital masking. For background, the need for universal masking is driven by what appears to be a feature of Covid-19 such that asymptomatic or paucisymptomatic individuals appear to be able to harbor significant viral loads.
    keywords: covid-19; hospital; masking; patient; universal
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        item: #1771 of 5187
          id: cord-285739-0enn5bzn
      author: Gutiérrez Rodríguez, José
       title: Variables asociadas a mortalidad en una población de pacientes mayores de 80 años y con algún grado de dependencia funcional hospitalizados por COVID-19 en un Servicio de Geriatría
        date: 2020-07-16
       words: 3927
      flesch: 35
     summary: El día 30 de enero de 2020 la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) declaró el brote de nuevo coronavirus 2019 (nCoV) en China como una Emergencia de Salud Pública de Importancia Internacional 1 . Tal como en otros estudios se ha objetivado, esta técnica microbiológica presenta ciertas limitaciones (momento de recogida de la muestra con respecto al inicio de los síntomas, muestra insuficiente o deterioro de la misma) que disminuyen la capacidad de diagnosticar la totalidad de los casos.
    keywords: años; cognitivo; como; con; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; del; dependencia; deterioro; estudio; funcional; las; los; mayores; mortalidad; pacientes; patients; población; por; que; sars; una
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        item: #1772 of 5187
          id: cord-285748-us5do6c2
      author: Cheng, Yongqian
       title: SARS-CoV-2-Related Kidney Injury: Current Concern and Challenges
        date: 2020-09-23
       words: 5333
      flesch: 44
     summary: The prevalence of CKD was 0-5.6%, which represents a minor proportion in COVID-19 patients [6, [8] Some studies about renal function in COVID-19 patients have shown common manifestations of kidney dysfunctions and incidental acute kidney injury
    keywords: ace2; ckd; covid-19; disease; infection; injury; kidney; patients; renal; sars; study
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        item: #1773 of 5187
          id: cord-285755-zblitbo0
      author: Zhang, F.
       title: Myocardial injury is associated with in-hospital mortality of confirmed or suspected COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: A single center retrospective cohort study
        date: 2020-03-24
       words: 3071
      flesch: 37
     summary: Studies focused on cardiac injury in COVID-19 patients are scarce. Short-term prognosis of COVID-19 patients are discrepancy and in-hospital mortality risk are high in severe cases[1]
    keywords: cardiac; covid-19; ctni; disease; hospital; injury; patients
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        item: #1774 of 5187
          id: cord-285758-c18arb6s
      author: Jiang, Shibo
       title: SARS Vaccine Development
        date: 2005-07-17
       words: 2308
      flesch: 30
     summary: CD209L (L-SIGN) is a receptor for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Interaction between the heptad repeat 1 and 2 regions in spike protein of SARSassociated coronavirus: implication for virus fusogenic mechanism and identification of fusion inhibitors Structural characterization of the SARS-coronavirus spike S fusion protein core Crystal structure of SARS-CoV spike protein fusion core A DNA vaccine induces SARS coronavirus neutralization and protective immunity in mice Identification of two neutralizing regions on the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike glycoprotein produced from the mammalian expression system Amino acids 1055 to 1192 in the S2 region of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus s protein induce neutralizing antibodies: implications for the development of vaccines and antiviral agents B-cell responses in patients who have recovered from severe acute respiratory syndrome target a dominant site in the S2 domain of the surface spike glycoprotein Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein expressed by attenuated vaccinia virus protectively immunizes mice Mucosal immunisation of African green monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops) with an attenuated parainfluenza virus expressing the SARS coronavirus spike protein for the prevention of SARS Identification of immunodominant sites on the spike protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus: implication for developing SARS diagnostics and vaccines Identification of antigenic sites mediating antibody-dependent enhancement of feline infectious peritonitis virus infectivity Enhancement of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) infection by antisera to peptides from the envelope glycoproteins gp120/gp41 Immunization with modified vaccinia virus Ankara-based recombinant vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome is associated with enhanced hepatitis in ferrets Identification of a critical neutralization determinant of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-associated coronavirus: importance for designing SARS vaccines Recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara expressing the spike glycoprotein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus induces protective neutralizing antibodies primarily targeting the receptor binding region Receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV spike protein induces highly potent neutralizing antibodies: implication for developing subunit vaccine Receptor-binding domain of SARS coronavirus spike protein contains multiple conformationdependent epitopes that induce highly potent neutralizing antibodies Molecular and biological characterization of human monoclonal antibodies binding to the spike and nucleocapsid proteins of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Severe acute respiratory syndrome Unique and conserved features of genome and proteome of SARS-coronavirus, an early split-off from the coronavirus group 2 lineage Isolation and characterization of viruses related to the SARS coronavirus from animals in southern China Molecular evolution of the SARS coronavirus during the course of the SARS epidemic in China Molecular epidemiology of the novel coronavirus that causes severe acute respiratory syndrome Evasion of antibody neutralization in emerging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses Effectiveness of precautions against droplets and contact in prevention of nosocomial transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Immunogenicity of SARS inactivated vaccine in BALB/c mice Inactivated SARS-CoV vaccine elicits high titers of spike protein-specific antibodies that block receptor binding and virus entry Epitope mapping and biological function analysis of antibodies produced by immunization of mice with an inactivated Chinese isolate of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) Intranasal immunization with inactivated SARS-CoV (SARS-associated coronavirus) induced local and serum antibodies in mice Caution urged on SARS vaccines Glycan arrays lead to the discovery of autoimmunogenic activity of SARS-CoV SARS-associated coronavirus Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus A model of the ACE2 structure and function as a SARS-CoV receptor A 193-amino-acid fragment of the SARS coronavirus S protein efficiently binds angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 The SARS-CoV S glycoprotein: expression and functional characterization The secret life of ACE2 as a receptor for the SARS virus pH-dependent entry of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus is mediated by the spike glycoprotein and enhanced by dendritic cell transfer through DC-SIGN
    keywords: antibodies; cov; protein; rbd; sars
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        item: #1775 of 5187
          id: cord-285787-xvi5miqw
      author: Bell, Jennifer AH
       title: SARS and hospital priority setting: a qualitative case study and evaluation
        date: 2004-12-19
       words: 3100
      flesch: 45
     summary: A deadly communicable disease outbreak, such as the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) in Toronto in 2003, amplifies the difficulties of hospital priority setting. A deadly communicable disease outbreak, such as SARS in Toronto in 2003, amplifies the difficulties of hospital priority setting.
    keywords: accountability; decisions; hospital; priority; sars; setting
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        item: #1776 of 5187
          id: cord-285806-363ivs67
      author: Magro, Giuseppe
       title: SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19: is interleukin-6 (IL-6) the 'culprit lesion' of ARDS onset? What is there besides Tocilizumab? SGP130Fc
        date: 2020-05-14
       words: 5173
      flesch: 27
     summary: This diagram shows the classic signaling pathway (mediated by the membrane-bound form of IL-6 receptor, mIL6R) which is believed to be the antiinflammatory one and the trans-signaling pathway (mediated by the soluble form of IL-6 receptor, sIL6-R) which is believed to be the pro-inflammatory one. Since all cells express gp130, all of them are in theory possible target cells of IL-6 trans signaling 52 .
    keywords: cells; covid-19; disease; il-6; inflammatory; interleukin-6; pathway; patients; receptor; sars; signaling; trans
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        item: #1777 of 5187
          id: cord-285822-b5itedu3
      author: Carlos Marín-Gabriel, José
       title: Documento de posicionamiento AEG-SEED para el reinicio de la actividad endoscópica tras la fase pico de la pandemia de COVID-19
        date: 2020-05-27
       words: 7449
      flesch: 39
     summary: 2. ¿Es preciso realizar una revaluación de la indicación de la endoscopia previo al inicio de la reprogramación de actividad tras superar el pico de pandemia por SARS-CoV-2? Las UE de acceso abierto sufren, desde hace un largo período, una sobrecarga asistencial que se ha incrementado con la llegada de los programas de cribado de cáncer colorrectal (CCR). En la situación actual de alto riesgo de transmisión de la infección por SARS-CoV-2 en el entorno hospitalario, es crítico revisar los protocolos de la UE en relación con la circulación de los pacientes y acompañantes, las estrategias de cribado de COVID-19, la disponibilidad de EPI y las medidas de desinfección de las salas y equipos de endoscopia.
    keywords: actividad; alta; años; cada; casos; ccr; colonoscopia; como; con; cov-2; covid-19; cribado; cuando; de la; de los; debe; del; durante; eii; en el; en los; endoscopia; epi; este; estos; infección; la infección; las; los; más; pacientes; para; personal; por; procedimientos; que; recomienda; riesgo; sala; sars; sin; situación; una
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        item: #1778 of 5187
          id: cord-285848-37dmv4ep
      author: Fu, Xiao-Wei
       title: Review of possible psychological impacts of COVID-19 on frontline medical staff and reduction strategies
        date: 2020-08-06
       words: 4406
      flesch: 40
     summary: On the other hand, the professional beliefs of frontline medical staff can be enhanced to strengthen their conviction that taking care of patients is the right choice and to convince people around them that as medical staff, they know how to protect themselves and their families from infection. World J Clin Cases DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i15.3188 sha: doc_id: 285848 cord_uid: 37dmv4ep Like soldiers, frontline medical staff provide a first line of defense and have played a critical role in responses to the outbreak of coronavirus disease-2019 in December 2019.
    keywords: diseases; epidemic; frontline; outbreak; pressure; sars; staff; stress
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        item: #1779 of 5187
          id: cord-285849-jg43tcfh
      author: Chan, Ben Chong Pun
       title: Universal SARS preventive measures in an obstetrics unit: Experience of health care staff
        date: 2004-10-30
       words: 1293
      flesch: 50
     summary: Four weeks after implementation of universal precautionary measures at a teaching hospital in Hong Kong, a survey of the health care staff was conducted to identify their feelings and opinions. In spite of general knowledge about SARS epidemics and related mortality, most respondents stated that universal precautionary measures were not very necessary, especially in the obstetrics ward.
    keywords: measures; sars; staff
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        item: #1780 of 5187
          id: cord-285852-ocu69od2
      author: Luqman, Zubair
       title: Disinfection of corona virus in histopathology laboratories
        date: 2020-06-25
       words: 600
      flesch: 32
     summary: As this virus has been reported to be 75-80% similar to SARS-CoV and it is transmitted mainly via inanimate objects and large droplets, it has become widespread in the Effects of natural environment on reproductive histo-morphometric dynamics of female dromedary camel Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Inactivation of the coronavirus that induces severe acute respiratory syndrome, SARS-CoV Stability of SARS coronavirus in human specimens and environment and its sensitivity to heating and UV irradiation Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus-The species and its viruses, a statement of the Coronavirus Study Group Three emerging coronaviruses in two decades: The story of SARS, MERS, and now COVID-19 A survival guide for laboratory professionals Ebola and histotechnologists Coronavirus disinfection in histopathology Efficacy of ethanol against viruses in hand disinfection Persistence of coronaviruses on inanimate surfaces and its inactivation with biocidal agents Laboratory-acquired severe acute respiratory syndrome Another decade, another coronavirus SARS returns to China. Researchers working in histopathology laboratories, dealing with morbid samples, are particularly vulnerable to infection unless they have very strong immunity.
    keywords: sars; syndrome
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        item: #1781 of 5187
          id: cord-285865-1gsy43a0
      author: Wu, Guang
       title: Reasoning of spike glycoproteins being more vulnerable to mutations among 158 coronavirus proteins from different species
        date: 2004-12-09
       words: 4311
      flesch: 50
     summary: # indicates the difference between actual and predicted values in spike glycoprotein group is statistically different from other protein groups at p<0.05 level, except for envelope protein group proteins. In this study, we do not consider the situation that individual variation within the other protein groups could not in specific cases lead to similar values as observed for specific spike proteins.
    keywords: amino; difference; glycoprotein; mutations; proteins; spike; values
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        item: #1782 of 5187
          id: cord-285896-lb8toc1m
      author: Beurton, Alexandra
       title: Limiting positive end-expiratory pressure to protect renal function in SARS-CoV-2 critically ill patients
        date: 2020-07-10
       words: 1014
      flesch: 45
     summary: The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients requiring RRT at day 14. The statistical analysis compared patient's baseline characteristics, therapeutic management and the proportion of patients with AKI.
    keywords: aki; patients; peep
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        item: #1783 of 5187
          id: cord-285907-xoiju5ub
      author: Chang, Shang-Miao
       title: Comparative study of patients with and without SARS WHO fulfilled the WHO SARS case definition
        date: 2005-05-31
       words: 3610
      flesch: 55
     summary: SARS patients with an initially normal chest X-ray study developed infiltrates at a mean of 5 ± 3.44 days after onset of fever (21/22 SARS vs. 0/5 non-SARS). Being a health care worker and visiting a hospital where SARS patients had been treated were risk factors for SARS.
    keywords: chest; disease; fever; non; patients; sars
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        item: #1784 of 5187
          id: cord-285944-8lapwnuw
      author: Suwanwongse, Kulachanya
       title: Hyperpyrexia in COVID‐19 patients
        date: 2020-06-10
       words: 2175
      flesch: 36
     summary: To date, the impact of hyperpyrexia on the clinical course and prognoses of COVID-19 patients has not yet been reported. ACE2 receptors are highly expressed in airway epithelia, lung parenchyma, and gastrointestinal epithelia explaining why dyspnea, cough, and GI complaints are predominately symptoms in COVID-19 patients [12] .
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; hyperpyrexia; injury; patients; sars
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        item: #1785 of 5187
          id: cord-285960-1zuhilmu
      author: Conly, John
       title: Use of medical face masks versus particulate respirators as a component of personal protective equipment for health care workers in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic
        date: 2020-08-06
       words: 4926
      flesch: 32
     summary: Copenhagen: World Health Organization Effectiveness of precautions against droplets and contact in prevention of nosocomial transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Lack of SARS transmission among public hospital workers Epidemiologic study and containment of a nosocomial outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in a medical center in Kaohsiung The outbreak of SARS at Tan tock Seng hospital--relating epidemiology to control Cluster of severe acute respiratory syndrome cases among protected health-care workers -Toronto, Canada Control measures for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Taiwan Cluster of cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome among Toronto healthcare workers after implementation of infection control precautions: a case series Infection control and SARS transmission among healthcare workers World Health Organization.
    keywords: care; contact; cov-2; covid-19; health; masks; ppe; respirators; sars; transmission; use
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        item: #1786 of 5187
          id: cord-285965-mar8zt2t
      author: Su, Liang
       title: The different clinical characteristics of corona virus disease cases between children and their families in China – the character of children with COVID-19
        date: 2020-03-25
       words: 2756
      flesch: 53
     summary: During the SARS outbreak, there were less children patients and the symptoms are significantly milder in children than in adults [13] Battling SARS on the frontlines Epidemiology and cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in People's Republic of China Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia Clinical features and short-term outcomes of 144 patients with SARS in the greater Toronto area Summary of probable SARS cases with onset of illness from 1 Severe acute respiratory syndrome in children: experience in a regional hospital in Hong Kong Clinical presentations and outcome of severe acute respiratory syndrome in children New and emerging infectious diseases The Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Emergency Response Epidemiology Team.
    keywords: children; cov-2; families; patients; sars; study; virus
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        item: #1787 of 5187
          id: cord-285979-ha5nszxi
      author: Rojas, Manuel
       title: Convalescent plasma in Covid-19: Possible mechanisms of action
        date: 2020-05-05
       words: 5827
      flesch: 37
     summary: C5a anaphylatoxins: a novel effector function of immunoglobulins Complement Activation Contributes to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Pathogenesis Anti-cytokine nature of natural human immunoglobulin: one possible mechanism of the clinical effect of intravenous immunoglobulin therapy Antibody-Dependent Enhancement of Viral Infections BT -Dynamics of Immune Activation in Viral Diseases Original antigenic sin: A comprehensive review Antibody-dependent SARS coronavirus infection is mediated by antibodies against spike proteins The convalescent sera option for containing COVID-19 Anti-inflammatory actions of intravenous immunoglobulin The FcRn inhibitor rozanolixizumab reduces human serum IgG concentration: A randomized phase 1 study Influence of FCRN expression on lung decline and intravenous immunoglobulin catabolism in common variable immunodeficiency patients The MHC class I-like Fc receptor promotes humorally mediated autoimmune disease Effects of intravenous immunoglobulin on platelet count and antiplatelet antibody disposition in a rat model of immune thrombocytopenia Intravenous immunoglobulin mediates an increase in anti-platelet antibody clearance via the FcRn receptor FcγRIIb expression on B cells is associated with treatment efficacy for acute rejection after kidney transplantation Role of activating FcγR gene polymorphisms in Kawasaki disease susceptibility and intravenous immunoglobulin response Anti-inflammatory activity of immunoglobulin G resulting from Fc sialylation Sialylation may be dispensable for reciprocal modulation of helper T cells by intravenous immunoglobulin Inhibition of maturation and function of dendritic cells by intravenous immunoglobulin Intravenous immunoglobulin-induced IL-33 is insufficient to mediate basophil expansion in autoimmune patients Intravenous immunoglobulin treatment in humans suppresses dendritic cell function via stimulation of IL-4 and IL-13 production Therapeutic normal IgG intravenous immunoglobulin activates Wnt-β-catenin pathway in dendritic cells Intravenous immunoglobulin abrogates dendritic systemic lupus erythematosus Interferon-α inhibition by intravenous immunoglobulin is independent of modulation of the plasmacytoid dendritic cell population in the circulation: comment on the article by Wiedeman et al Indirect inhibition of in vivo and in vitro Tcell responses by intravenous immunoglobulins due to impaired antigen presentation Intravenous IgG (IVIG) and subcutaneous IgG (SCIG) preparations have comparable inhibitory effect on T cell activation, which is not dependent on IgG sialylation, monocytes or B cells Effect of Intravenous immunoglobulin on Th1 and Th2 lymphocytes and improvement of pregnancy outcome in recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) Hyperimmune IV immunoglobulin treatment: a multicenter double-blind randomized controlled trial for patients with severe 2009 influenza A(H1N1) infection Effective treatment with intravenous immunoglobulins reduces autoreactive T-cell response in patients with CIDP Intravenous immunoglobulin modulates the expansion and cytotoxicity of CD8+ T cells Intravenous immunoglobulin treatment responsiveness depends on the degree of CD8+ T cell activation in Kawasaki disease Inhibition of differentiation, amplification, and function of human TH17 cells by intravenous immunoglobulin Comparison of different IVIg preparations on IL-17 production by human Th17 cells Intravenous immunoglobulin G modulates peripheral blood Th17 and Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells in pregnant women with recurrent pregnancy loss Impaired inhibitory Fcgamma receptor IIB expression on B cells in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy Intravenous immunoglobulin up-regulates the expression of the inhibitory FcgammaIIB receptor on B cells TLR9 responses of B cells are repressed by intravenous immunoglobulin through the recruitment of phosphatase Therapeutic preparations of normal polyspecific IgG (IVIg) induce apoptosis in human lymphocytes and monocytes: a novel mechanism of action of IVIg involving the Fas apoptotic pathway Inhibition of B cellmediated antigen presentation by intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) IVIg modulates BCR signaling through CD22 and promotes apoptosis in mature human B lymphocytes Imbalanced host response to SARS-CoV-2 drives development of COVID-19 Intravenous immunoglobulin skews macrophages to an antiinflammatory, IL-10-producing activation state High-dose intravenous immunoglobulins reduce nerve macrophage Immunotherapy in clinical medicine: historical perspective and current status Mechanisms of immunotherapy: a historical perspective IVIG in autoimmunity and cancer--efficacy versus safety Safety of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy Use of Convalescent Plasma Therapy in Two COVID-19 Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Korea Challenges of convalescent plasma infusion therapy in Middle East respiratory coronavirus infection: a single centre experience Anti-Idiotypes to Autoantibodies in Therapeutic Preparations of Normal Polyspecific Human IgG (Intravenous Immunoglobulin, IVIg) Treatment with convalescent plasma for COVID-19 patients in Wuhan Treatment of 5 Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19 With Convalescent Plasma Effectiveness of convalescent plasma therapy in severe COVID-19 patients Retrospective comparison of convalescent plasma with continuing highdose methylprednisolone treatment in SARS patients Use of convalescent plasma therapy in SARS patients in Hong Kong Experience of using convalescent plasma for severe acute respiratory syndrome among healthcare workers in a Taiwan hospital Epidemiologic features, clinical diagnosis and therapy of first cluster of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome in Beijing area Letter to editor Treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome with convalescent plasma Convalescent plasma treatment reduced mortality in patients with severe pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 virus infection Hong Kong's experience on the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for the treatment of influenza A (H1N1) Clinical characteristics of 26 human cases of highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) virus infection in China Successful treatment of avian influenza with convalescent plasma
    keywords: antibodies; cells; convalescent; coronavirus; covid-19; immunoglobulin; intravenous; ivig; patients; plasma; sars; treatment
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        item: #1788 of 5187
          id: cord-286001-pu1fetq7
      author: Zang, Ruochen
       title: TMPRSS2 and TMPRSS4 mediate SARS-CoV-2 infection of human small intestinal enterocytes
        date: 2020-04-23
       words: 2056
      flesch: 33
     summary: bioRxiv Structure, Function, and Evolution of Coronavirus Spike Proteins The 676 cutting edge: membrane-anchored serine protease activities in the pericellular 677 microenvironment TMPRSS2 activates the human coronavirus 229E for 679 cathepsin-independent host cell entry and is expressed in viral target cells in the 680 respiratory epithelium Simultaneous treatment of human bronchial epithelial cells with serine and 683 cysteine protease inhibitors prevents severe acute respiratory syndrome 684 coronavirus entry Fields Virology Enteric involvement of severe acute respiratory syndrome-689 associated coronavirus infection Viral Shedding and Antibody Response in 37 Patients With 691 Clinical infectious 692 diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 693 62 Site-specific N-glycosylation Characterization of Recombinant SARS CoV-2 Spike Proteins using High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry. A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of 584 probable bat origin SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 Functional assessment of cell entry and receptor 588 usage for SARS-CoV-2 and other lineage B betacoronaviruses Structure, Function, and Antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Peyrin-Biroulet, Diarrhea during 600 COVID-19 infection: pathogenesis, epidemiology, prevention and management Clinical characteristics 604 of COVID-19 patients with digestive symptoms in Hubei, China: a 605 descriptive, cross-sectional, multicenter study Gastrointestinal Manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Virus Load in Fecal Samples from the Hong Kong Cohort and Systematic Review 608 and Meta-analysis First Case of 2019 Novel Coronavirus in the United States Molecular and serological investigation of 2019-nCoV infected 612 patients: implication of multiple shedding routes Prolonged presence of SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA in faecal samples Evidence for Gastrointestinal Infection of SARS-CoV-2 Virological assessment of hospitalized patients with COVID-619 2019 Tissue-specific amino acid transporter partners ACE2 and 621 collectrin differentially interact with hartnup mutations ACE2 links amino acid malnutrition to microbial ecology and 624 intestinal inflammation Rotavirus VP3 targets MAVS for degradation to inhibit type III 626 interferon expression in intestinal epithelial cells Innate immune response to homologous rotavirus infection in the 628 small intestinal villous epithelium at single-cell resolution Controlling Epithelial Polarity: A Human Enteroid Model for Host-632 Human VP8*
    keywords: cell; cov-2; fig; infection; sars; tmprss4; virus
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        item: #1789 of 5187
          id: cord-286006-t5gj0k54
      author: Nicholas, David B.
       title: Pediatric epidemic crisis: Lessons for policy and practice development
        date: 2008-12-31
       words: 5027
      flesch: 41
     summary: Despite placing themselves at risk by providing SARS care, some health care providers perceived limited institutional recognition, which resulted in, unrest [among health care providers] who thought they were not appreciated and that nobody listened to them. Clearly, SARS resulted in substantial changes to health care practice and frequent shifts in infection control requirements, with health care providers reporting substantial frustration and anxiety [6] .
    keywords: care; children; crisis; health; information; patient; policy; practice; providers; sars
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        item: #1790 of 5187
          id: cord-286014-cc99e24x
      author: Jang, T.-N
       title: Severe acute respiratory syndrome in Taiwan: analysis of epidemiological characteristics in 29 cases
        date: 2003-11-05
       words: 3031
      flesch: 51
     summary: Among the patients, 10 (34.5%) had been to hospitals with known SARS outbreak, 6 (20.7%) were healthcare workers, 4 (13.8%) were household contacts, 4 (13.8%) were unknown, 3 (10.3%) had recently traveled to mainland China or Hong Kong, and 2 (6.9%) had social contact with SARS patients. However, when seven cases of SARS were reported among healthcare workers at Hospital A on April 22, 2003 , the incidence of SARS cases in Taiwan increased dramatically.
    keywords: cases; hospital; outbreak; patients; sars; syndrome; taiwan
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        item: #1791 of 5187
          id: cord-286015-oonfpa0c
      author: Verbeure, Birgit
       title: Patent pools and diagnostic testing
        date: 2006-01-27
       words: 4329
      flesch: 37
     summary: key: cord-286015-oonfpa0c authors: Verbeure, Birgit; van Zimmeren, Esther; Matthijs, Gert; Van Overwalle, Geertrui title: Patent pools and diagnostic testing date: 2006-01-27 journal: Following this, we will explore patent pools in the diagnostic field in more detail, and examine some existing and novel examples of patent pools in genetics.
    keywords: genetics; guidelines; licenses; patent; patent pool; pool; property; technology; testing
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        item: #1792 of 5187
          id: cord-286029-rafcdzhm
      author: Bogaards, Johannes Antonie
       title: The potential of targeted antibody prophylaxis in SARS outbreak control: A mathematic analysis()
        date: 2006-05-05
       words: 5580
      flesch: 40
     summary: We therefore investigated the robustness of control through admission interval reduction and patient isolation procedures in the containment of SARS transmission over a range of basic reproduction numbers. Reduction of the admission interval is insufficient to contain SARS outbreaks with R 0 ¼ 3 at c ¼ 0:20. key: cord-286029-rafcdzhm authors: Bogaards, Johannes Antonie; Putter, Hein; Jan Weverling, Gerrit; ter Meulen, Jan; Goudsmit, Jaap title: The potential of targeted antibody prophylaxis in SARS outbreak control: A mathematic analysis() date: 2006-05-05 journal: Travel Med Infect Dis DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2006.01.007 sha: doc_id: 286029 cord_uid: rafcdzhm BACKGROUND: Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus-like viruses continue to circulate in animal reservoirs.
    keywords: admission; control; hospital; outbreak; prophylaxis; sars; transmission
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        item: #1793 of 5187
          id: cord-286038-a62k3lma
      author: Klimke, A.
       title: Hydroxychloroquine as an aerosol might markedly reduce and even prevent severe clinical symptoms after SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-04-27
       words: 2339
      flesch: 36
     summary: From a pharmacological standpoint, however, the major problems of oral treatment with these drugs are possible severe side effects and toxicity. Finally, HCQ as aerosol could be tested preferentially as co-medication in more severely ill patients where an indication for oral HCQ treatment is given.
    keywords: aerosol; covid-19; hcq; sars; treatment
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        item: #1794 of 5187
          id: cord-286072-kgpvdb42
      author: Sa Ribero, Margarida
       title: Interplay between SARS-CoV-2 and the type I interferon response
        date: 2020-07-29
       words: 7034
      flesch: 36
     summary: A virus-cell protein interaction map performed with 26 of the 29 SARS-CoV-2 proteins expressed in human embryonic kidney (HEK)293T identified several innate immune signaling proteins as partners of viral proteins cells (Fig 1) Science. 2020: eabc3545 Regulation of TLR7/9 responses in plasmacytoid dendritic cells by BST2 and ILT7 receptor interaction Epstein-Barr virusencoded EBNA1 modulates the AP-1 transcription factor pathway in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells and enhances angiogenesis in vitro Natural amines inhibit activation of human plasmacytoid dendritic cells through CXCR4 engagement Mozobil(R) (Plerixafor, AMD3100), 10 years after its approval by the US Food and Drug Administration TRIM8 is required for virusinduced IFN response in human plasmacytoid dendritic cells Development of Pin1 inhibitors and their potential as therapeutic agents Disease-promoting effects of type I interferons in viral, bacterial, and coinfections A critical role for the sphingosine analog AAL-R in dampening the cytokine response during influenza virus infection Endothelial cells are central orchestrators of cytokine amplification during influenza virus infection Targets of T Cell Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus in Humans with COVID-19 Disease and Unexposed Individuals We thank Nathalie J. Arhel for helpful discussion.
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; human; ifn; infection; interferon; isgs; patients; replication; respiratory; response; sars; type
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        item: #1795 of 5187
          id: cord-286084-2275xvxb
      author: Dixit, Alok
       title: Ivermectin: Potential Role as Repurposed Drug for COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-19
       words: 2244
      flesch: 35
     summary: Apart from above discussed drugs, an additional drug which has property to inhibit the replication of RNA viruses found in several studies is ivermectin (IVM). Studies are available for its use against RNA virus and have also been tested for its effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; ivm; sars; treatment; virus; vitro
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        item: #1796 of 5187
          id: cord-286121-ltaxmp3u
      author: Xu, Ke
       title: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus accessory protein 9b is a virion-associated protein
        date: 2009-06-05
       words: 5291
      flesch: 49
     summary: Further analysis shows that sufficient incorporation of 9b protein into VLPs is dependent upon the co-expression of E and M proteins, but not upon the presence of either S or N protein. 1C N(9b − )), 9b protein was not expressed while the expression level of N protein showed little change.
    keywords: accessory; cells; coronavirus; cov; protein; sars
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        item: #1797 of 5187
          id: cord-286130-4f7otdx1
      author: Xavier, Joilson
       title: The ongoing COVID-19 epidemic in Minas Gerais, Brazil: insights from epidemiological data and SARS-CoV-2 whole genome sequencing
        date: 2020-08-11
       words: 4674
      flesch: 44
     summary: To better understand the recent epidemic in the second most populous state in southeast Brazil - Minas Gerais (MG) - we sequenced 40 complete SARS-CoV-2 genomes from MG cases and examined epidemiological data from three Brazilian states. Overall these numbers suggest that in MG cases and deaths have been reported only in a subset of the overall population, while in the other states
    keywords: brazil; cases; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; data; epidemic; samples; sars; sequences; state; time
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        item: #1798 of 5187
          id: cord-286168-019rcbpg
      author: Vindegaard, Nina
       title: COVID-19 pandemic and mental health consequences: systematic review of the current evidence
        date: 2020-05-30
       words: 4110
      flesch: 33
     summary: The two studies investigating COVID-19 patients found a high level of post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) (96.2%) and significantly higher level of depressive symptoms (p=0.016). Only two studies had investigated mental health issues in COVID-19 patients finding a high level of PTSS (96.2%) and significantly higher level of depressive symptoms (29.2%).
    keywords: covid-19; health; mental; patients; sars; studies; symptoms; workers
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        item: #1799 of 5187
          id: cord-286217-3uklf2u2
      author: Jiang, He-wei
       title: SARS-CoV-2 proteome microarray for global profiling of COVID-19 specific IgG and IgM responses
        date: 2020-07-14
       words: 6841
      flesch: 49
     summary: One part of a sub-microarray showed the IgG responses of two controls, i.e., LC169 and NC96 against N proteins, N-Cter and N-Nter indicates the C-terminal and N-terminal of N protein, respectively. Indeed, a variety of protein microarrays have already been constructed and successfully applied to serum antibody profiling, such as the Mycobacterium tuberculosis proteome microarray 21 , the SARS-CoV protein microarray 12 , the Dengue virus protein microarray 22 and the influenza virus protein microarray 23 .
    keywords: antibody; convalescent; coronavirus; cov-2; fig; igg; igm; microarray; patients; proteins; responses; sars; serum; values
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        item: #1800 of 5187
          id: cord-286269-vrjyj2y1
      author: Sagheb, Setareh
       title: Two seriously ill neonates born to mothers with COVID-19 pneumonia- a case report
        date: 2020-09-21
       words: 2782
      flesch: 57
     summary: Furthermore, another study conducted on a limited number of patients showed a high level of SARS-COV-2 IgM in neonates born from COVID-19 infected mothers within 2 first hours of their birth [7] , which may indicate infection transmission from mother to fetus. It was reported that Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) similar to SARS-COV and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-COV), does not have vertical transmission from mother diagnosed with COVID-19 infection to her fetus
    keywords: birth; cov-2; covid-19; infection; neonates; pcr; sars
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        item: #1801 of 5187
          id: cord-286290-85l99l13
      author: Goddard, N.L.
       title: Lessons learned from SARS: The experience of the Health Protection Agency, England
        date: 2005-11-16
       words: 3394
      flesch: 40
     summary: Key components of the UK response to SARS Collaboration at an international level was fundamental to the prompt recognition of SARS cases throughout the global outbreak. Despite this, 368 reports of potential SARS cases were made to the Health Protection Agency (HPA) between March and July 2003.
    keywords: cases; health; hpa; outbreak; public; response; sars
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        item: #1802 of 5187
          id: cord-286298-pn9nwl64
      author: Helmy, Yosra A.
       title: The COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comprehensive Review of Taxonomy, Genetics, Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Control
        date: 2020-04-24
       words: 9320
      flesch: 44
     summary: The other third of SARS CoV-2 includes four genes (in green) that encode four structural proteins (S, M, E, N), and six accessory genes (in blue) that encode six accessory proteins (orf3a, orf6, orf7a, orf7b, orf8, and orf10). While the SARS-CoV-2 S2 subunit was conserved, the S1 subunit shares an overall 70% identity with those of bat and human SARS-CoV.
    keywords: 2019; analysis; bat; cases; china; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; genome; human; infection; mers; novel; patients; protein; rna; sars; transmission; viruses
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        item: #1803 of 5187
          id: cord-286301-7sjw5ci7
      author: Sadasivan, Jibin
       title: Cytoplasmic tail of coronavirus spike protein has intracellular targeting signals
        date: 2017-04-18
       words: 6283
      flesch: 41
     summary: There is evidence to suggest that the localization signal in S protein is only active in the unfolded structure in ER, and its specific interactions in the folded form between the M protein leads to its incorporation into the virion, where the retention signals are no longer recognized causing excess S protein to go to the surface. A similar dibasic motif (KXHXX) in the cytoplasmic tail of S protein from alpha-coronavirus TGEV and from the newly emerging pathogen SARS, an outlier of beta-coronavirus, localizes the S protein in the ERGIC (Teasdale and Jackson 1996;
    keywords: cells; hcov; intracellular; localization; motif; oc43; protein; s protein; sars; signal; spike
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        item: #1804 of 5187
          id: cord-286341-16tghl48
      author: CONCHA-MEJIA, A.
       title: CCOFEE-GI Study: Colombian COVID19 First Experience in Gastroentrology. Characterization of digestive manifestations in patients diagnosed with COVID-19 at a highly complex institution in Bogota D.C., Colombia
        date: 2020-07-24
       words: 2014
      flesch: 39
     summary: Studies have reported digestive symptoms in patients with COVID-19 such as anorexia 39.7%-50.2%, diarrhea 2%-49.5%, nausea 1%-10.1%, vomiting 1%-15.9%, and abdominal pain 0.96%-6% (2, (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) . Patients with digestive symptoms have a long time from the onset of symptoms to admission to hospital services, and the presence of these gastrointestinal manifestations is associated with a longer duration and severity of the clinical presentation of COVID-19 (16) , with increased stay in the intensive care unit (10).
    keywords: cov-2; patients; preprint; sars; symptoms
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        item: #1805 of 5187
          id: cord-286343-s8n1ldol
      author: Martin, Javier
       title: Tracking SARS-CoV-2 in Sewage: Evidence of Changes in Virus Variant Predominance during COVID-19 Pandemic
        date: 2020-10-09
       words: 5931
      flesch: 44
     summary: We were able to detect co-circulating virus variants, some specifically prevalent in England, and to identify changes in viral RNA sequences with time consistent with the recently reported increasing global dominance of Spike protein G614 pandemic variant. We conclude that viral RNA sequences found in sewage closely resemble those from clinical samples and that environmental surveillance can be used to monitor SARS-CoV-2 transmission, tracing virus variants and detecting virus importations.
    keywords: concentration; cov-2; npcr; nucleotide; results; rna; samples; sars; sequences; sewage; viral; virus; wastewater
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        item: #1806 of 5187
          id: cord-286365-fy0a8mb4
      author: ElHawary, Hassan
       title: Bibliometric Analysis of Early COVID-19 Research: The Top 50 Cited Papers
        date: 2020-10-13
       words: 2635
      flesch: 37
     summary: Global coalition to accelerate COVID-19 clinical research in resource-limited settings A bibliometric analysis of top-cited journal articles in obstetrics and gynecology The top 100 cited neurorehabilitation papers The research scientific community has reacted promptly as evidenced by an outstanding number of COVID-19 related publications.
    keywords: articles; coronavirus; covid-19; publications; research; sars
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        item: #1807 of 5187
          id: cord-286390-ytgw3j4s
      author: Case, James Brett
       title: Neutralizing antibody and soluble ACE2 inhibition of a replication-competent VSV-SARS-CoV-2 and a clinical isolate of SARS-CoV-2.
        date: 2020-07-03
       words: 1674
      flesch: 11
     summary: Lassa virus entry requires a 676 trigger-induced receptor switch Live attenuated recombinant vaccine 680 protects nonhuman primates against Ebola and Marburg viruses Human immunodeficiency viral vector pseudotyped with the spike envelope of severe acute 684 respiratory syndrome coronavirus transduces human airway epithelial cells and dendritic cells Therapeutic strategies in an outbreak scenario to treat the novel coronavirus 687 originating in Wuhan, China CoV-2 spike pseudotyped virus by recombinant ACE2-Ig Functional assessment of cell entry and receptor 693 usage for SARS-CoV-2 and other lineage B betacoronaviruses Structure of SARS coronavirus spike 696 receptor-binding domain complexed with receptor The Sequence Alignment/Map format and SAMtools A unique strategy for mRNA cap methylation used 703 by vesicular stomatitis virus Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is 707 a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus Intracellular targeting signals contribute to 710 localization of coronavirus spike proteins near the virus assembly site The cytoplasmic tail of the severe acute 713 respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein contains a novel endoplasmic reticulum retrieval 714 signal that binds COPI and promotes interaction with membrane protein Synthetic antibodies neutralize SARS-CoV-2 718 infection of mammalian cells Retroviruses pseudotyped with the severe acute respiratory 722 syndrome coronavirus spike protein efficiently infect cells expressing angiotensin-converting 723 enzyme 2 Enhancing dengue virus maturation using a stable furin over-expressing cell line Establishment and validation of a pseudovirus neutralization assay for Emerging microbes & infections 9 Characterization of spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 on virus entry and its immune cross-735 reactivity with SARS-CoV Cross-neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 by a human 742 monoclonal SARS-CoV antibody Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 is a functional receptor for the 746 emerging human coronavirus-EMC The coronavirus E protein: assembly and beyond. 749 Viruses Treatment of 5 Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19 With Convalescent Plasma A recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus 756 bearing a lethal mutation in the glycoprotein gene uncovers a second site suppressor that 757 restores fusion Specificity, cross-reactivity, and function of 761 antibodies elicited by Zika virus infection Identification of protective epitopes on ebola virus glycoprotein at the 765 single amino acid level by using recombinant vesicular stomatitis viruses Tailored tetravalent antibodies potently and specifically 769 activate Wnt/Frizzled pathways in cells, organoids and mice Human monoclonal antibody 773 combination against SARS coronavirus: synergy and coverage of escape mutants Structural insights into coronavirus entry An efficient method to make human 780 monoclonal antibodies from memory B cells: potent neutralization of SARS coronavirus Chimeric Viruses with Vesicular Stomatitis 785 Virus: Actions in the Brain Function, and Antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein Site-specific 791 glycan analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 spike Efficient recovery of infectious 794 vesicular stomatitis virus entirely from cDNA clones Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation A highly conserved cryptic epitope in the receptor-binding domains of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-802 SARS-CoV-2 infection of human small intestinal enterocytes Probable Pangolin Origin of SARS-CoV-2 Associated 809 with the COVID-19 Outbreak A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat 813 origin • Neutralization can be assessed by BSL2 and BSL3 high-throughput assays • SARS-CoV-2 and VSV-SARS-CoV-2-based neutralization assays correlate eTOC Blurb generate a replication-competent vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) expressing the SARS-CoV-2 spike and compare the neutralizing activity of antibodies with VSV-SARS-CoV-2 to fully infectious SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; sars; spike; vesicular; virus; vsv
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        item: #1808 of 5187
          id: cord-286429-voem879q
      author: Shao, Yi‐Ming
       title: Structure‐Based Design and Synthesis of Highly Potent SARS‐CoV 3CL Protease Inhibitors
        date: 2007-08-23
       words: 2045
      flesch: 42
     summary: [2] The polyproteins, pp1a (486 kDa) and pp1ab (790 kDa), encoded by the viral replicase gene, are subject to extensive proteolytic processing by viral proteases to produce multiple functional subunits, which are responsible for the formation of the replicase complex. However, computational structures of compound 4 with the 3CL protease were constructed by use of the preliminary X-ray protein structure obtained in the presence of compound 4.
    keywords: complex; compound; ligand; protease; protein; structure
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        item: #1809 of 5187
          id: cord-286441-nl3kuqw3
      author: Murray, D. D.
       title: Design and implementation of the multi-arm, multi-stage Therapeutics for Inpatients with COVID-19 (TICO) platform master protocol: An Accelerating COVID-19 Therapeutic Interventions and Vaccines (ACTIV) initiative
        date: 2020-11-12
       words: 5564
      flesch: 40
     summary: Two additional agents will enter the study in November 2020, with other agents planned. Two additional agents will enter the study in November 2020, with other agents planned.
    keywords: agents; covid-19; efficacy; license; medrxiv; preprint; protocol; safety; stage; study; tico
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        item: #1810 of 5187
          id: cord-286466-scokdxp2
      author: Tani, Hideki
       title: Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies using a vesicular stomatitis virus possessing SARS-CoV-2 spike protein
        date: 2020-08-23
       words: 2559
      flesch: 43
     summary: Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 279 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Remdesivir for the treatment of COVID-19: A systematic review 282 of the literature Current epidemiological and clinical features of 284 COVID-19; a global perspective from Virology, epidemiology, 286 pathogenesis, and control of COVID-19 Current status on the development of 288 pseudoviruses for enveloped viruses Pseudotyped lentiviral vectors: One vector Generation of VSV pseudotypes using recombinant DeltaG-VSV for 292 studies on virus entry, identification of entry inhibitors, and immune responses to vaccines Recombinant nucleoprotein-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of 296 immunoglobulin G antibodies to Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus Vesicular stomatitis virus pseudotyped with severe acute respiratory 300 syndrome coronavirus spike protein Protease-mediated entry via the 302 endosome of human coronavirus 229E Involvement of ceramide in the propagation of Japanese encephalitis virus Development of genetic diagnostic 308 methods for detection for novel coronavirus 2019(nCoV-2019) in Japan Analysis of VSV pseudotype virus infection mediated by 311 rubella virus envelope proteins Analysis of Lujo virus cell entry using 314 pseudotype vesicular stomatitis virus Characterization of glycoprotein-mediated entry of severe fever with 317 thrombocytopenia syndrome Virus Protocol and 320 reagents for pseudotyping lentiviral particles with SARS-CoV-2 spike protein for 321 neutralization assays indicated dilutions of sera from two different convalescent . As a result, the inhibition of pseudotyped virus infection was specifically observed in both serum and whole blood and was also correlated with the results of the IFA.
    keywords: blood; cov-2; covid-19; crnt; sars; sera
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        item: #1811 of 5187
          id: cord-286472-pqtem19t
      author: McFee, R.B.
       title: MIDDLE EAST RESPIRATORY SYNDROME (MERS) CORONAVIRUS
        date: 2020-07-28
       words: 5367
      flesch: 40
     summary: Of note, co-infection with other respiratory viruses and a few cases of co-infection with communityacquired bacteria at admission has been reported in MERS CoV patients. Patients recently returning from the Middle East, presenting with significant respiratory illness, with CT findings of peribronchial region abnormalities, organizing pneumonia, should be considered for MERS CoV infection, and if possible, queried about international travel and occupational exposures.
    keywords: cases; coronavirus; cov; east; infection; mers; middle; patients; sars; serum; specimen; syndrome; testing; treatment
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        item: #1812 of 5187
          id: cord-286537-7ri2p5b8
      author: Lee, Ting-Wai
       title: Crystal Structures of the Main Peptidase from the SARS Coronavirus Inhibited by a Substrate-like Aza-peptide Epoxide
        date: 2005-11-11
       words: 7037
      flesch: 51
     summary: 24, 26, 27 Based on the M pro :APE structures, we built models of each of the four diastereomers of APE at the active site of M pro to explain the results of our trials (Figure 7(a) to (d) ). A recent mutagenesis study has confirmed that M pro is a cysteine peptidase with a Cys-His catalytic dyad at the active site.
    keywords: ape; ape complex; atom; epoxide; group; m pro; peptidase; pro; protomer; sars; structures
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        item: #1813 of 5187
          id: cord-286555-rz88g3ze
      author: Petrovan, Vlad
       title: Evaluation of Commercial qPCR Kits for Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Pooled Samples
        date: 2020-07-11
       words: 3549
      flesch: 50
     summary: One such alternative is sample pooling. Sample pooling represents one of the approaches that can easily be applied in order to increase the number of tests.
    keywords: gene; kit; pcr; rdrp; samples
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        item: #1814 of 5187
          id: cord-286573-k4khwvt7
      author: Peng, Michael
       title: The Role of the Ocular Tissue in SARS-CoV-2 Transmission
        date: 2020-10-02
       words: 4365
      flesch: 49
     summary: For example, COVID-19 patients or suspects with only mild respiratory or ocular symptoms might not seek medical assistance, especially if their visual function was not impaired. 2) Another limitation is the heterogeneity in sample collection methods. Similarly, our literature review showed that ocular viral detection rate ranged from 0% to 8% among confirmed COVID-19 patients (Table 1) .
    keywords: ace2; conjunctival; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; patients; sars; studies
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        item: #1815 of 5187
          id: cord-286631-3fmg3scx
      author: Pormohammad, Ali
       title: Comparison of confirmed COVID‐19 with SARS and MERS cases ‐ Clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, radiographic signs and outcomes: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
        date: 2020-06-05
       words: 3676
      flesch: 28
     summary: Clinical presentation and outcomes of Middle East respiratory syndrome in the Republic of Korea Hospital-associated outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: a serologic, epidemiologic, and clinical description Clinical aspects and outcomes of 70 patients with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection: a single-center experience in Saudi Arabia Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Mortality risk factors for Middle East respiratory syndrome outbreak, South Korea Association between severity of MERS-CoV infection and incubation period Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: a case-control study of hospitalized patients Identified transmission dynamics of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection during an outbreak: implications of an overcrowded emergency department The epidemiology of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Acute Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: temporal lung changes observed on the chest radiographs of 55 patients The predictors of 3-and 30-day mortality in 660 MERS-CoV patients Diagnostic delays in 537 symptomatic cases of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in Saudi Arabia Risk factors for primary Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus illness in humans, Saudi Arabia Preliminary epidemiologic assessment of MERS-CoV outbreak in South Korea Clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of spreaders of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus during the 2015 outbreak in Korea Transmission of MERScoronavirus in household contacts Association of higher MERS-CoV virus load with severe disease and death, Saudi Arabia Predictors of MERS-CoV infection: a large case control study of patients presenting with ILI at a MERS-CoV referral hospital in Saudi Arabia Hospital outbreaks of middle east respiratory syndrome Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in Al-Madinah City, Saudi Arabia: demographic, clinical and survival data Spatial modelling of contribution of individual level risk factors for mortality from Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in the Arabian Peninsula Presentation and outcome of Middle East respiratory syndrome in Saudi intensive care unit patients Outbreaks of Middle East respiratory syndrome in two hospitals initiated by a single patient in Daejeon Covid-19: WHO declares pandemic because of alarming levels of spread, severity, and inaction Comparison of severe and non-severe COVID-19 pneumonia: review and meta-analysis. A novel coronavirus outbreak of global health concern Three Emerging Coronaviruses in Two Decades: the Story of SARS, MERS, and Now COVID-19 Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): epidemiology and clinical features Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: risk factors and determinants of primary, household, and nosocomial transmission A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-toperson transmission: a study of a family cluster Responding to Covid-19-A once-in-a-century pandemic? Rational use of personal protective equipment for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Virtual Screening of an FDA Approved Drugs Database on Two COVID-19 Coronavirus Proteins Potential COVID-2019 3C-like Protease Inhibitors Designed Using Generative Deep Learning Approaches Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement The development of a critical appraisal tool for use in systematic reviews: addressing questions of prevalence Statistical aspects of the analysis of data from retrospective studies Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Early epidemiological analysis of the 2019-nCoV outbreak based on a crowdsourced data Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-Infected pneumonia in Wuhan Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Clinical characteristics of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in China Epidemiological and clinical features of the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in China Analysis of clinical features of 29 patients with 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia.
    keywords: acute; clinical; coronavirus; covid-19; east; mers; middle; outbreak; patients; sars; syndrome
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        item: #1816 of 5187
          id: cord-286638-bqxyb61p
      author: Singh, Awadhesh Kumar
       title: Diabetes in COVID-19: Prevalence, pathophysiology, prognosis and practical considerations
        date: 2020-04-09
       words: 4831
      flesch: 40
     summary: Based on these findings and acknowledging the higher morbidities and mortality associated with comorbidities, researchers have recently proposed that the course of treatment and prognosis of COVID-19 should be stratified based on the absence or presence of co-morbidities in to type A, B and C. While Type A represents COVID-19 patients with pneumonia with no comorbidities, Type B denotes COVID-19 pneumonia with comorbidities; and Type C denotes COVID-19 pneumonia with multi-organ dysfunction [30] . High prevalence of diabetes makes it an important comorbidity in patients with COVID-19.
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; diabetes; disease; glucose; infection; patients; pneumonia; risk; sars; study
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        item: #1817 of 5187
          id: cord-286655-5vorrnq3
      author: Vivek-Ananth, R.P.
       title: In Silico Identification of Potential Natural Product Inhibitors of Human Proteases Key to SARS-CoV-2 Infection
        date: 2020-08-22
       words: 12982
      flesch: 49
     summary: The hydrogen bonds and π-π stacking are displayed using yellow and red dotted lines, respectively, Figure S4 : Cartoon representation of the protein-ligand interactions of the phytochemical inhibitors of cathepsin L. Interactions of cathepsin L residues with atoms of (a) C7, (b) C8, and (c) C9. Interactions of cathepsin L residues with atoms of (c) PC-0626568, (d) E-64d, and (e) GH4.
    keywords: binding; bonds; cathepsin; energy; figure; forms; hydrogen; hydrogen bonds; inhibitors; kcal; ligand; mol; phytochemical; protein; residues; tmprss2
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        item: #1818 of 5187
          id: cord-286683-mettlmhz
      author: Ortiz-Prado, Esteban
       title: Clinical, molecular and epidemiological characterization of the SARS-CoV2 virus and the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a comprehensive literature review
        date: 2020-05-30
       words: 13331
      flesch: 37
     summary: medRxiv Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study Temporal dynamics in viral shedding and transmissibility of COVID-19 Presumed asymptomatic carrier transmission of COVID-19 Potential presymptomatic transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Interferon-stimulated genes and their antiviral effector functions RIG-I in RNA virus recognition RNA recognition and signal transduction by RIG-I-like receptors Recognition of viral single-stranded RNA by Toll-like receptors Mechanisms of innate immune evasion in re-emerging RNA viruses Viral Innate Immune Evasion and the Pathogenesis of Emerging RNA Virus Infections Immunopathogenesis of coronavirus infections: implications for SARS Pathogenic human coronavirus infections: causes and consequences of cytokine storm and immunopathology Middle East respiratory syndrome Interaction of SARS and MERS coronaviruses with the antiviral interferon response SARS and MERS: recent insights into emerging coronaviruses Dysregulation of immune response in patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan Plasma inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in severe acute respiratory syndrome MERS-CoV infection in humans is associated with a pro-inflammatory Th1 and Th17 cytokine profile Interleukin-1 receptor blockade is associated with reduced mortality in sepsis patients with features of the macrophage activation syndrome: Re-analysis of a prior Phase III trial A multicenter, randomized controlled trial for the efficacy and safety of tocilizumab in the treatment of new coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) Effects of chloroquine on viral infections: an old drug against today's diseases Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread In vitro antiviral activity and projection of optimized dosing design of hydroxychloroquine for the treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Baricitinib as potential treatment for 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease COVID-19: consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression. Three recent examples of these viral jumps include SARS CoV, MERS-CoV and SARS CoV-2 virus.
    keywords: acute; cases; cells; china; clinical; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; health; human; infection; influenza; mers; ncov; novel; novel coronavirus; patients; pneumonia; protein; r n; responses; sars; study; syndrome; treatment; use; vaccine; wuhan
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        item: #1819 of 5187
          id: cord-286703-ipoj13va
      author: de Wilde, Adriaan H.
       title: Alisporivir inhibits MERS- and SARS-coronavirus replication in cell culture, but not SARS-coronavirus infection in a mouse model
        date: 2017-01-15
       words: 3357
      flesch: 38
     summary: The outcome of the clinical use of interferons was variable, with some reports questioning the long-term survival benefits (Al-Tawfiq et al., 2014; Omrani et al., 2014; Shalhoub et al., 2015) , whereas others suggested that further investigation is warranted (Khalid et al., 2016) , possibly in combination with the use of lopinavir/ritonavir (Kim et al., 2015) . Among these, alisporivir (ALV) showed increased sustained viral response during treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in phase III clinical trials, when treatment with ribavirin and pegylated interferon was combined with ALV (Buti et al., 2015; Flisiak et al., 2012; Pawlotsky et al., 2015; Zeuzem et al., 2015) .
    keywords: alv; cells; coronavirus; cov; et al; mers; replication
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        item: #1820 of 5187
          id: cord-286713-14i38xtt
      author: Guarner, Jeannette
       title: Three Emerging Coronaviruses in Two Decades: The Story of SARS, MERS, and Now COVID-19
        date: 2020-02-13
       words: 1182
      flesch: 51
     summary: Nine years later, a new coronavirus that causes respiratory disease appeared in the Middle East, thus the name of MERS-CoV. Symptoms of MERS-CoV are nonspecific, but many patients end up with severe acute respiratory distress. Other tests, such as CBC count, chemistries, and microbiology (including molecular testing for other respiratory viruses), can be handled using universal precautions (face protection, gloves, and disposable gowns) in hospital laboratories, so as not to delay other necessary treatment.
    keywords: cov; mers; patients; sars
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        item: #1821 of 5187
          id: cord-286854-0s7oq0uv
      author: Jin, Xi
       title: Virus strain from a mild COVID-19 patient in Hangzhou represents a new trend in SARS-CoV-2 evolution potentially related to Furin cleavage site
        date: 2020-07-03
       words: 6027
      flesch: 49
     summary: Further comparative alignment analysis of GZ02 (SARS viral strain), Wuhan-Hu-1 (the earliest sequenced SARS-CoV-2), RaTG13, HKU9-1 (the potential ancestor of SARS and SARS-CoV-2), HKU-1 and OC43 showed that the variation of FCS sequence had certain regularity in coronavirus evolution ( Figure 4(B) ). Phylogenetic analysis suggested that SARS, RATG13, and SARS-CoV-2 exhibited remarkable evolutionary divergence, with potential evolutionary branches within SARS-CoV-2 ( Figure 1(A) ).
    keywords: cell; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; expression; fcs; furin; protein; sars; site; wuhan; zj01
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        item: #1822 of 5187
          id: cord-286870-92eckkhk
      author: Gul, Seref
       title: In silico identification of widely used and well-tolerated drugs as potential SARS-CoV-2 3C-like protease and viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitors for direct use in clinical trials
        date: 2020-08-05
       words: 6590
      flesch: 40
     summary: Critical amino acid residues of the target proteins that interact with bound drugs were then identified. We also monitored distances between Val 398 /Thr 324 and the geometric center of bound drugs.
    keywords: 3cl; activity; binding; cov-2; docking; drugs; et al; figure; kcal; mol; pro; protease; rdrp; sars
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        item: #1823 of 5187
          id: cord-286895-i3g4ad4z
      author: Panciani, Pier Paolo
       title: SARS-CoV-2: “Three-steps” infection model and CSF diagnostic implication
        date: 2020-05-05
       words: 773
      flesch: 46
     summary: In our Department we observed 3 different clinical pictures in SARS-CoV-2 infection with neurological impairment: cerebral thrombosis (CTh) with hemorrhagic infarction, demyelinating lesions and encephalopathy. Currently the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection is based on real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) performed on nasopharyngeal swab.
    keywords: sars
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        item: #1824 of 5187
          id: cord-286901-whvq8y1p
      author: Vidali, Sofia
       title: D-dimer as an indicator of prognosis in SARS-CoV-2 infection: a systematic review
        date: 2020-07-13
       words: 4281
      flesch: 31
     summary: D-dimer was increased and significantly higher in COVID-19 patients compared with healthy controls, in COVID-19 patients with severe disease or a composite end-point compared with non-severe disease, in ARDS compared with non-ARDS patients and in deceased ARDS patients compared with ARDS patients who survived (all p<0.001). COVID-19 patients treated with anticoagulants demonstrated lower mortality compared with those not treated (p=0.017).
    keywords: ards; coagulation; coronavirus; covid-19; dimer; disease; patients; sars; work
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        item: #1825 of 5187
          id: cord-286919-fny060vk
      author: Lahfaoui, M
       title: Syndrome de détresse respiratoire aiguë secondaire à une infection à SARS-COV-2 chez un nourrisson
        date: 2020-04-27
       words: 1020
      flesch: 53
     summary: Les enfants semblent donc avoir une forme plus légère de la maladie causée par les coronavirus, y compris le SARS-CoV-2 [2, 3] . Il ne s'agit pas du premier cas rapporté depuis le début de la pandémie mondiale.
    keywords: cov-2; des; les; sars
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        item: #1826 of 5187
          id: cord-286923-o4fj8kx0
      author: Berhan, Yifru
       title: What immunological and hormonal protective factors lower the risk of COVID-19 related deaths in pregnant women?
        date: 2020-07-18
       words: 4552
      flesch: 25
     summary: Emphatic E3 increases the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10 and IL-5) and reduces the production of proinflammatory cytokines (like TNF-α) The immune modulating and anti-inflammatory actions of estradiol (E2) and estriol (E3) is also well noted during pregnancy.
    keywords: cells; covid-19; cytokines; disease; immune; inflammatory; pregnancy; risk; vitamin; women
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        item: #1827 of 5187
          id: cord-287043-53oy5w34
      author: Reyes‐Bueno, José Antonio
       title: Miller‐Fisher syndrome after SARS‐CoV‐2 infection
        date: 2020-06-05
       words: 1425
      flesch: 42
     summary: Most of the neurological symptoms in acute patients are non-specific and probably have a systemic origin (e.g. headaches, myalgia, fatigue, dizziness). The disease can go unnoticed in asymptomatic infected patients or a Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) with high lethality, especially in older patients with other comorbidities like This article is protected by copyright.
    keywords: cases; covid-19; guillain; syndrome
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        item: #1828 of 5187
          id: cord-287054-zmxpuynv
      author: Li, Ning
       title: Molecular diagnosis of COVID-19: Current situation and trend in China (Review)
        date: 2020-08-25
       words: 6832
      flesch: 30
     summary: Nucleic acid detection technology. Due to antibody preparation requiring additional time, faster breakthroughs are expected in pathogen nucleic acid detection technology (79) .
    keywords: acid; amplification; coronavirus; cov-2; detection; diagnosis; epidemic; ncov; novel; nucleic; patients; pcr; sars; sequencing; technology
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        item: #1829 of 5187
          id: cord-287091-a3nieh5p
      author: Kumar, Anuj
       title: Identification of phytochemical inhibitors against main protease of COVID-19 using molecular modeling approaches
        date: 2020-06-04
       words: 5560
      flesch: 39
     summary: For the MD simulation, we followed the protocol described by Gajula, 2008; Gajula et al., 2016; . MD simulations are one of proven in-silico methods for obtaining dynamic data at atomic spatial resolution and picoseconds or finer temporal resolution (Benson & Daggett, 2012; Gajula et al., 2016) .
    keywords: acid; binding; carvacrol; coronavirus; covid-19; docking; drug; energy; et al; molecules; protease; protein; sars; simulation; study
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        item: #1830 of 5187
          id: cord-287100-xkp8a9b9
      author: López-Díaz, Álvaro
       title: COVID-19 Infection During Pregnancy and Risk of Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Offspring: Time for Collaborative Research
        date: 2020-10-31
       words: 1395
      flesch: 18
     summary: Thus, the pandemic provides an unprecedented context for clinical and translational research to further explore the mechanisms underlying breakdowns in fetal neurodevelopment during maternal infection, unknown partly because of methodological constraints of previous studies (3, 6) . Such information would help determine the extent to which maternal infection, in addition to genetic vulnerability, contributes to an increased risk of neuropsychiatric disturbance in the offspring, and would improve our understanding of the role of immune-inflammatory mechanisms during pregnancy in the etiology of neurodevelopmental disorders (10).
    keywords: covid-19; infection; offspring; risk
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        item: #1831 of 5187
          id: cord-287101-k3zq75zc
      author: Micheli, V.
       title: Geographic reconstruction of the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in Lombardy (Italy) during the early phase
        date: 2020-07-24
       words: 2403
      flesch: 40
     summary: A total of 20 samples from different subjects were successfully sequenced and included in phylogenetic analysis, attributing the progressive ID HSacco-N (from HSacco-2 to HSacco-21). A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin World Health Organization; WHO Director-General's remarks at the media briefing on 2019-nCoV on World Health Organization; WHO Director-General's opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19 -11 International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses; Virus Taxonomy Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding SARS and MERS: recent insights into emerging coronaviruses Coronaviridae Study Group of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses; The species Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus: classifying 2019-nCoV and naming it SARS-CoV-2 Dipartimento della Protezione Civile; COVID-19 Italia -Monitoraggio della situazione Trimmomatic: a flexible trimmer for Illumina sequence data A framework for variation discovery and genotyping using next-generation DNA sequencing data disease and diplomacy: GISAID's innovative contribution to global health 2490-2492) Parallelization of MAFFT for large-scale multiple sequence alignments Selection of conserved blocks from multiple alignments for their use in phylogenetic analysis RAxML version 8: a tool for phylogenetic analysis and post-analysis of large phylogenies Exploring the temporal structure of heterochronous sequences using TempEst jModelTest 2: more models, new heuristics and parallel computing Bayesian phylogenetic and phylodynamic data integration using BEAST 1.10 Virus Evolution 4 Posterior summarisation in Bayesian phylogenetics using Tracer 1.7.
    keywords: cov-2; license; medrxiv; preprint; sars; version
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        item: #1832 of 5187
          id: cord-287156-3plpi6i9
      author: Lassandro, Giuseppe
       title: Children in Coronaviruses’ Wonderland: What Clinicians Need to Know
        date: 2020-07-01
       words: 8034
      flesch: 36
     summary: Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children in COVID-19-associated immune thrombocytopenia Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP) in a SARS-CoV-2 Positive Pediatric Patient Covid-19 and Children with Immune Thrombocytopenia: Emerging Issues Evans syndrome in a patient with COVID-19 COVID-19 infection associated with autoimmune hemolytic anemia Chest computed tomography in children with COVID-19 respiratory infection Clinical and CT imaging features of the COVID-19 pneumonia: Influenza Other Respir Viruses Epidemiology characteristics of human coronaviruses in patients with respiratory infection symptoms and phylogenetic analysis of HCoV-OC43 during 2010-2015 in Guangzhou Human Coronavirus Infections in Israel: Epidemiology, Clinical Symptoms and Summer Seasonality of HCoV-HKU1.
    keywords: acute; cases; children; clinical; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; east; human; infection; mers; middle; novel; patients; sars; symptoms; syndrome
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        item: #1833 of 5187
          id: cord-287172-h8zoplkm
      author: Ghobrial, Moheb
       title: The human brain vasculature shows a distinct expression pattern of SARS-CoV-2 entry factors
        date: 2020-10-21
       words: 7030
      flesch: 42
     summary: Most interestingly, the viral entry-associated protease CTSB but not TMPRSS2 is highly expressed in brain vascular endothelial cells whereas CTSL but not TMPRSS2 is highly expressed in vascular endothelial cells of peripheral organs. Moreover, CTSB was co-expressed in adult and fetal brain endothelial cells with genes and pathways involved in innate immunity and inflammation, angiogenesis, blood-brain-barrier permeability, vascular metabolism, and coagulation, providing a potential explanation for the role of brain endothelial cells in clinically observed (neuro)vascular symptoms in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: c c; c t; e c; f c; k c; l c; s c; s e; s f; s l; s s; t s
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        item: #1834 of 5187
          id: cord-287205-k64svq6n
      author: Pollet, Jeroen
       title: SARS-CoV-2 RBD219-N1C1: A Yeast-Expressed SARS-CoV-2 Recombinant Receptor-Binding Domain Candidate Vaccine Stimulates Virus Neutralizing Antibodies and T-cell Immunity in Mice
        date: 2020-11-05
       words: 4302
      flesch: 42
     summary: This demonstrates that bound RBD proteins are structurally and possibly functionally 308 active and that after adsorption the protein does not undergo any significant conformational changes 309 that could result in the loss of possible key epitopes around the receptor-binding motif (RBM). Currently, there are several types of COVID-19 vaccine candidates in 444 advanced clinical trials 6,40-45 .
    keywords: alhydrogel; antigen; binding; covid-19; n1c1; protein; rbd219; sars; titers; vaccine
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        item: #1835 of 5187
          id: cord-287210-sars5dmi
      author: Woo, Patrick C. Y.
       title: Clinical and Molecular Epidemiological Features of Coronavirus HKU1–Associated Community-Acquired Pneumonia
        date: 2005-12-01
       words: 3384
      flesch: 50
     summary: key: cord-287210-sars5dmi authors: Woo, Patrick C. Y.; Lau, Susanna K. P.; Tsoi, Hoi-wah; Huang, Yi; Poon, Rosana W. S.; Chu, Chung-ming; Lee, Rodney A.; Luk, Wei-kwang; Wong, Gilman K. M.; Wong, Beatrice H. L.; Cheng, Vincent C. C.; Tang, Bone S. F.; Wu, Alan K. L.; Yung, Raymond W. H.; Chen, Honglin; Guan, Yi; Chan, Kwok-hung; Yuen, Kwok-yung title: Clinical and Molecular Epidemiological Features of Coronavirus HKU1–Associated Community-Acquired Pneumonia date: 2005-12-01 journal: J Infect Dis DOI: 10.1086/497151 sha: doc_id: 287210 cord_uid: sars5dmi BackgroundRecently, we described the discovery of a novel group 2 coronavirus, coronavirus HKU1 (CoV-HKU1), from a patient with pneumonia. NL63 infection in Canada New human coronavirus, HCoV-NL63, associated with severe lower respiratory tract disease in Australia Detection of human coronavirus NL63 in young children with bronchiolitis Clinical progression and viral load in a community outbreak of coronavirus-associated SARS pneumonia: a prospective study Epidemiology and cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Guangdong, People's Republic of China Molecular epidemiology of the novel coronavirus causes severe acute respiratory syndrome Lung pathology of fatal severe acute respiratory syndrome Relative rates of non-pneumonic SARS coronavirus infection and SARS coronavirus pneumonia Isolation and characterization of viruses related to the SARS coronavirus from animals in southern China Viral replication in the nasopharynx is associated with diarrhea in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Characterization and complete genome sequence of a novel coronavirus, coronavirus HKU1, from patients with pneumonia Evaluation of reverse transcription-PCR assays for rapid diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome associated with a novel coronavirus Cost-effectiveness of rapid diagnosis of viral respiratory tract infections in pediatric patients Viral loads in clinical specimens and SARS manifestations
    keywords: community; coronavirus; cov; hku1; patients; pneumonia; pol; sars
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        item: #1836 of 5187
          id: cord-287220-mpnuhqwg
      author: Giuliani, C.
       title: Breastfeeding during the COVID-19 pandemic: suggestions on behalf of Woman Study Group of AMD
        date: 2020-05-30
       words: 2760
      flesch: 41
     summary: Position Statement on Breastfeeding from the Italian Pediatric Societies Intrauterine vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2: what we know so far A case report of neonatal COVID-19 infection in China Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records Infants Born to Mothers With a New Coronavirus (COVID-19). Woman Study Group of AMD, after reviewing current knowledge about COVID-19 vertical transmission and the compatibility of breastfeeding in COVID-19 mother, the available recommendations from Health Care Organizations and main experts opinions, issued the following suggestions on breastfeeding during the COVID-19 pandemic, addressed both to mothers with and without diabetes It should be considered that following suggestions may change in the future when more evidence is acquired regarding SARS-Cov2 infection.
    keywords: breastfeeding; covid-19; infection; milk; mother; sars; women
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        item: #1837 of 5187
          id: cord-287222-wojyisu0
      author: Zhou, Min
       title: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a clinical update
        date: 2020-04-02
       words: 5692
      flesch: 34
     summary: Unlike influenza pneumonia, which usually exhibited unilateral GGO and significant solid nodules, only 6% of COVID-19 patients had solid nodules A majority of COVID-19 patients showed normal leucocyte count, and nearly one third had leucopenia
    keywords: china; clinical; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; infection; novel; patients; plasma; pneumonia; sars; study; syndrome; treatment; ventilation
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        item: #1838 of 5187
          id: cord-287228-0qm939ve
      author: Hong, Ke
       title: Prolonged presence of viral nucleic acid in clinically recovered COVID-19 patients was not associated with effective infectiousness
        date: 2020-10-27
       words: 3623
      flesch: 45
     summary: Our study has its limitation that a relatively small number of patients were included, which makes it difficult to associate any demographic features with increased risk of prolonged viral RNA in COVID-19 patients. Infectiousness in COVID-19 patients with prolonged presence of viral nucleic acid should not solely be evaluated by RT–PCR.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; infection; patients; pcr; rna; sars
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        item: #1839 of 5187
          id: cord-287247-vv0zc0gd
      author: Gutman, Julie R.
       title: Malaria and Parasitic Neglected Tropical Diseases: Potential Syndemics with COVID-19?
        date: 2020-06-01
       words: 4251
      flesch: 33
     summary: Susceptibility to malaria in highly endemic areas differs by age: younger children are more vulnerable to malaria infections and at a higher risk for severe malaria. Importantly, malaria infections in endemic areas frequently result in chronic, afebrile disease in older children and adults.
    keywords: children; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; lmics; malaria; ntds; sars
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        item: #1840 of 5187
          id: cord-287256-hgqz1bcs
      author: Magurano, Fabio
       title: SARS-CoV-2 infection: the environmental endurance of the virus can be influenced by the increase of temperature
        date: 2020-11-05
       words: 1180
      flesch: 48
     summary: Viral titre of the daily collections of 0, 24, 48 and 72 hours at RT were determined also by plaque assay in Vero E6 cells. Several studies have shown that viral spread could be influenced by climatic conditions since enveloped viruses tend to reduce their circulation in summertime due to high temperature and solar radiation (2, 3) .
    keywords: hours; sars
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        item: #1841 of 5187
          id: cord-287289-zgehbwve
      author: Schmidt, M.
       title: FACT- Frankfurt adjusted COVID-19 testing- a novel method enables high-throughput SARS-CoV-2 screening without loss of sensitivity
        date: 2020-05-01
       words: 2385
      flesch: 54
     summary: Conclusions: Our proposed FACT- protocol did not cause a significant loss in analytic or diagnostic sensitivity compared to single sample testing in multiple setups. SARS CoV-2 virus concentration did not differ significantly between both samples. .
    keywords: license; medrxiv; mini; preprint
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        item: #1842 of 5187
          id: cord-287304-h6wj7m8u
      author: Keil, Roger
       title: Governing the Sick City: Urban Governance in the Age of Emerging Infectious Disease
        date: 2007-12-07
       words: 11691
      flesch: 39
     summary: They define, to a large degree, the agenda of global city health governance. We suggest adding two important dimensions of the analysis which we believe increase our understanding of the role of urban health governance in the fight against EIDs.
    keywords: cities; city; crisis; disease; fidler; global; governance; health; health governance; healthcare; human; new; outbreak; policy; public; sars; state; system; time; toronto; urban; world
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        item: #1843 of 5187
          id: cord-287321-1ro10ujr
      author: Alpaydin, Aylin Ozgen
       title: Clinical and Radiological Diagnosis of Non‐SARS‐CoV‐2 Viruses in the Era of Covid‐19 Pandemic
        date: 2020-08-08
       words: 3291
      flesch: 44
     summary: In this study, indeterminate CT diagnosis group was combined with atypical and typical for COVID-19 groups and analyzed for two options each to suggest better management of the indeterminate group. When the indeterminate CT diagnosis group was combined with the atypical for the COVID-19 group, the number of false-negative patients for SARS-CoV-2 was more (n=3) concerning the combination of indeterminate group and typical for COVID-19 group (n=1), in the cost of increased false-positive results (n=15).
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; group; non; pathogens; patients; pneumonia; sars
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        item: #1844 of 5187
          id: cord-287338-pws42iay
      author: Gendelman, Omer
       title: Continuous hydroxychloroquine or colchicine therapy does not prevent infection with SARS-CoV-2: Insights from a large healthcare database analysis
        date: 2020-05-05
       words: 2021
      flesch: 37
     summary: Pneumonia of unknown cause-C The Coronavirus Pandemic in Israel: Implications for Radiation Oncology Departments Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72 314 cases from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China Clinical, laboratory and imaging features of COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis COVID-19: epidemiology, evolution, and crossdisciplinary perspectives Prevalence of comorbidities in the novel Wuhan coronavirus (COVID-19) infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis The epidemiological characteristics of an outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19)-China Prevalence and impact of cardiovascular metabolic diseases on COVID-19 in China Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Italy Factors associated with hospitalization and critical illness among 4,103 patients with COVID-19 disease Severe outcomes among patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-United States Preliminary estimates of the prevalence of selected underlying health conditions among patients with coronavirus disease 2019-United States Covid-19: risk factors for severe disease and death The gendered dimensions of COVID-19 COVID-19) time musings: Our involvement in COVID-19 pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and vaccine planning Hospitalization Rates and Characteristics of Patients Hospitalized with Laboratory-Confirmed Coronavirus Disease 2019-COVID-NET, 14 States Country Comparison :: Median age -The World Factbook -Central Intelligence Agency On the other hand, these surveys mainly deal with clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients, in terms of related risk factors or underlying co-morbidities, whereas unsatisfactory information is provided regarding the therapeutic interventions adopted.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; disease; patients; sars
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        item: #1845 of 5187
          id: cord-287349-1zcq7kzx
      author: Chen, James
       title: Structural basis for helicase-polymerase coupling in the SARS-CoV-2 replication-transcription complex
        date: 2020-07-28
       words: 2970
      flesch: 27
     summary: In Family Coronaviridae Crystal structure of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus helicase From SARS to MERS: 10 years of research on highly 1162 pathogenic human coronaviruses Structure 1165 of replicating SARS-CoV-2 polymerase Dali server update Human Coronavirus 229E Nonstructural Protein 13: 1170 Characterization of Duplex-Unwinding, Nucleoside Triphosphatase, and RNA 5′-Triphosphatase Enzymatic Activities Associated with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Helicase Delicate structural coordination of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 1179 Nsp13 upon ATP hydrolysis Structural basis of transcription arrest by coliphage HK022 nun in an 1183 DnaB Drives DNA Branch Migration and Dislodges 1186 Structure of the SARS-CoV nsp12 polymerase bound 1192 to nsp7 and nsp8 co-factors Transcriptional arrest: Escherichia coli RNA 1195 polymerase translocates backward, leaving the 3' end of the RNA intact and extruded RNA polymerase switches between inactivated and 1200 activated states By translocating back and forth along the DNA and the RNA Molecular Evolution of Multisubunit RNA Polymerases: 1204 Structural Analysis Cooperative 1207 translocation enhances the unwinding of duplex DNA by SARS coronavirus helicase nsP13 Discovery of an essential nucleotidylating activity associated with a newly delineated conserved 1213 domain in the RNA polymerase-containing protein of all nidoviruses What we know but 1217 do not understand about nidovirus helicases The EMBL-EBI search and sequence analysis tools APIs in 1221 2019 Bayesian deconvolution of mass and ion mobility spectra: from binary interactions to 1229 polydisperse ensembles Discovery of an RNA virus 3'->5' exoribonuclease that is critically involved in 1233 coronavirus RNA synthesis Collaboration gets the most out of software Discovery of the first insect nidovirus, a missing evolutionary 1240 link in the emergence of the largest RNA virus genomes Cell the register of transcription by preventing backtracking of RNA polymerase Structure 1252 and function of the transcription elongation factor GreB bound to bacterial RNA polymerase Sequence 1256 requirements for RNA strand transfer during nidovirus discontinuous subgenomic RNA 1257 synthesis Analyzing resistance to 1264 design selective chemical inhibitors for AAA proteins cryoSPARC: algorithms for 1267 rapid unsupervised cryo-EM structure determination High-Throughput Deconvolution of Native Mass Spectra A 1274 planarian nidovirus expands the limits of RNA genome size Mechanistic basis of 1277 5'-3' translocation in SF1B helicases Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology RELION: implementation of a Bayesian approach to cryo-EM structure 1283 determination Sequence logos: a new way to display consensus 1286 sequences Biochemical Characterization 1289 of the Equine Arteritis Virus Helicase Suggests a Close Functional The human coronavirus 229E superfamily 1 helicase has RNA and DNA duplex-unwinding activities with 5′-to-3′ polarity Remdesivir and SARS-CoV-2: structural requirements at 1302 both nsp12 RdRp and nsp14 Exonuclease active-sites Structure and Mechanism of 1305 Helicases and Nucleic Acid Translocases Coronaviruses lacking exoribonuclease 1308 activity are susceptible to lethal mutagenesis: evidence for proofreading and potential 1309 therapeutics Thinking Outside the Triangle: Replication Coronavirus RNA Synthesis and Processing Continuous and Discontinuous RNA 1318 Synthesis in Coronaviruses Protein AMPylation by an Evolutionarily Conserved 1322 One severe acute respiratory syndrome 1326 coronavirus protein complex integrates processive RNA polymerase and exonuclease activities The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) In this case backtracking is energetically disfavored since it only 291 shortens the product RNA duplex without recovering duplex nucleic acids somewhere else.
    keywords: coronavirus; figure; helicase; nsp13; polymerase; rdrp; rna; sars; structural; transcription
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        item: #1846 of 5187
          id: cord-287372-ya5uvoki
      author: Böszörményi, Kinga P.
       title: Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 infection in two non-human primate species: rhesus and cynomolgus macaques
        date: 2020-11-05
       words: 3984
      flesch: 48
     summary: However, in the second week of infection, cynomolgus macaques 188 showed more, but still mild, clinical symptoms than rhesus macaques. Comparative pathogenesis of COVID-19, MERS, and SARS in a nonhuman primate model Epub 2020/04/19 Hydroxychloroquine use against SARS-CoV-2 infection in non-human primates CoV-2 infection protects against rechallenge in rhesus macaques Ocular conjunctival inoculation of 620 SARS-CoV-2 can cause mild COVID-19 in rhesus macaques 623 Clinical benefit of remdesivir in rhesus macaques infected with SARS-CoV-2 Development of an inactivated 630 vaccine candidate for SARS-CoV-2 Alphavirus-derived replicon RNA vaccine induces SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody and T cell 635 responses in mice and nonhuman primates Ad26 vaccine protects against SARS-CoV-2 in rhesus macaques DNA 642 vaccine protection against SARS-CoV-2 in rhesus macaques Intradermal-646 delivered DNA vaccine provides anamnestic protection in a rhesus macaque SARS-CoV-2 647 challenge model 649 Evaluation of the mRNA-1273 Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 in Nonhuman Primates A vaccine targeting the RBD of the S 653 protein of SARS-CoV-2 induces protective immunity A 656 macaque model of HIV-1 infection SIV infection of rhesus macaques of 660 Chinese origin: a suitable model for HIV infection in humans Nonhuman Primate Model of Tuberculosis Experimental animal modelling for TB vaccine development Pandemic Swine-Origin H1N1 Influenza Virus Replicates to Higher Levels and Induces More 671 Fever and Acute Inflammatory Cytokines in Cynomolgus versus Rhesus Monkeys and Can 672 Replicate in Common Marmosets C-reactive protein levels in the early stage of COVID-19 Kidney involvement in COVID-19 and rationale for extracorporeal 679 therapies Management of acute kidney injury in patients with 682 COVID-19 Kidney disease is associated 685 with in-hospital death of patients with COVID-19 Severe Hypercoagulability in Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Unit for Acute Respiratory 690 COVID-19 and its implications for thrombosis and 693 anticoagulation Respiratory disease in rhesus macaques inoculated with SARS-CoV-2 The cytokine storm in COVID-701 19: An overview of the involvement of the chemokine/chemokine-receptor system Clinical features of patients infected 705 with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan A role for CT in COVID-19?
    keywords: animals; cov-2; covid-19; cynomolgus; infection; macaques; rhesus; sars; species; study
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        item: #1847 of 5187
          id: cord-287410-boxxlopy
      author: Devi, Arpita
       title: In silico designing of multi-epitope vaccine construct against human coronavirus infections
        date: 2020-08-10
       words: 7221
      flesch: 55
     summary: The antigenicity of the epitopes and vaccine constructs was predicted using Vaxigen v2.0 (Doytchinova & Flower, 2007) webserver. The allergenicity of the epitopes and vaccine construct was predicted using AllerTOP v2.0 (Dimitrov et al., 2014) webserver.
    keywords: binding; cell; construct; coronavirus; cov; epitopes; level; protein; sars; score; server; structure; vaccine
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        item: #1848 of 5187
          id: cord-287447-5lzzobl3
      author: Keyaerts, Els
       title: In vitro inhibition of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus by chloroquine
        date: 2004-10-08
       words: 2170
      flesch: 46
     summary: Summary of probable SARS cases with onset of illness from 1 Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS Working Group, A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Characterization of a novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome with lopinavir/ ritonavir: a multicentre retrospective matched cohort study Role of lopinavir/ritonavir in the treatment of SARS: initial virological and clinical findings Role of interferons in the treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome Antiviral treatment of SARS: can we draw any conclusions? Glycyrrhizin, an active component of liquorice roots, and replication of SARS-associated coronavirus Inhibition of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus replication by niclosamide HIV protease inhibitor nelfinavir inhibits replication of SARS-associated coronavirus Inhibition of SARS-coronavirus infection in vitro by S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine, a nitric oxide donor compound Effects of chloroquine on viral infections: an old drug against todayÕs diseases? Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus infectivity by chloroquine Chloroquine inhibits HIV-1 replication in human peripheral blood lymphocytes The anti-HIV-1 activity of chloroquine Treatment of chronic active hepatitis B (CAH B) with chloroquine: a preliminary report Mechanism of enhancement of the antiviral action of interferon against herpes simplex virus-1 by chloroquine Human Coronavirus HCoV-229E enters susceptible cells via the endocytic pathway A method for the rapid construction of cRNA standard curves in quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction Rapid and automated tetrazolium-based colorimetric assay for the detection of anti-HIV compounds Microculture tetrazolium assays: a comparison between two new tetrazolium salts, XTT and MTS Proliferative growth of SARS coronavirus in Vero E6 cells Treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Africa (except cerebral malaria Chloroquine treatment in rheumatoid arthritis. Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) has recently emerged as a new highly contagious human disease with a major impact all over the world [1] .
    keywords: antiviral; chloroquine; coronavirus; cov; replication; sars; treatment
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        item: #1849 of 5187
          id: cord-287448-hwsr1804
      author: Bigaut, Kévin
       title: Guillain-Barré syndrome related to SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-05-27
       words: 906
      flesch: 47
     summary: Nerve conduction studies at day 9 showed 2 conduction blocks (>50%) in both peroneal nerves, decreased motor conduction velocities in both peroneal and tibial nerves approximately 30-37 m/s, a sural sparing pattern, abolition of the H-reflex, and slightly increased of F-wave latencies supporting demyelinating pattern (table e-1, links.lww.com/NXI/A267). Nerve conductions studies at day 7 showed a typical demyelinating pattern with a conduction block in the left median nerve, temporal dispersion, upper limb increased motor distal latencies, diffuse decreased motor and sensory conduction velocities lower than 38 m/s in 9 nerves of 10 tested (table e-1, links.lww. com/NXI/A267), and neurogenic pattern on EMG.
    keywords: day; days; sars; symptoms
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        item: #1850 of 5187
          id: cord-287459-k9x3z2h1
      author: Abu-Farha, Mohamed
       title: The Role of Lipid Metabolism in COVID-19 Virus Infection and as a Drug Target
        date: 2020-05-17
       words: 4839
      flesch: 36
     summary: The role lipids play in viral infection involves the fusion of the viral membrane to the host cell, viral replication, and viral endocytosis and exocytosis. Even though lipid-lowering capabilities might impact viral replication, statins can also help in mitigating the impact of viral infection through their immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties [60] .
    keywords: cell; coronavirus; covid-19; host; infection; lipid; membrane; replication; role; sars; statins; virus
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        item: #1851 of 5187
          id: cord-287477-aios0h8s
      author: Sicari, Daria
       title: Role of the early secretory pathway in SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-07-28
       words: 6498
      flesch: 35
     summary: Several protein disulfide isomerase inhibitors are available, including PACMA31, which specifically targets the cysteine residue present in the active site of protein disulfide isomerase proteins and blocking their capability to bind cargoes (Kaplan et al., 2015) . Among the 66 U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs, they suggested PS30613 (ER protein processing, Sec61 inhibitor); IHVR-19029 (ER protein processing); FK-506 (FKBP binder); zotatifin (EIF4E2/H, eiF4a inhibitor); rapamycin and rapalogs (LARP1, FKBP15, FKBP7/10, mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor); diverse SIGMAR1/2 modulators, such as chloroquine, PB28, and haloperidol E-52862, PD-144418, and RS-PPCC; as well as diverse SIGMAR1/2 direct modulators, such as the antagonist PD-144418 and the agonist RS-PPCC (Gordon et al., 2020) .
    keywords: cell; coronavirus; cov-2; et al; golgi; host; infection; membrane; pathway; protein; sars; secretory; stress; table; virus
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        item: #1852 of 5187
          id: cord-287488-h102xn29
      author: Araujo, Danielle Bastos
       title: SARS-CoV-2 isolation from the first reported patients in Brazil and establishment of a coordinated task network
        date: 2020-10-23
       words: 3940
      flesch: 44
     summary: We used NP swab specimen for virus isolation. The preparation of VIS and VLS stocks was performed as described above for virus isolation.
    keywords: brazil; cell; coronavirus; cov-2; genome; isolation; paulo; rna; sars; são; vero; virus
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        item: #1853 of 5187
          id: cord-287497-93oiiqqi
      author: Tagliamento, Marco
       title: Italian survey on managing immune checkpoint inhibitors in oncology during COVID‐19 outbreak
        date: 2020-06-14
       words: 3231
      flesch: 40
     summary: Immunotherapy blockade on severity of COVID-19 in patients with lung cancers Outcome of cancer patients infected with COVID-19, including toxicity of cancer treatments Clinical impact of COVID-19 on patients with cancer (CCC19): a cohort study. Cancer patients have been reported to experience a more severe COVID‐19 syndrome; moreover, there are concerns of an interference between immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and SARS‐CoV‐2 pathogenesis.
    keywords: cancer; cov-2; covid-19; icis; patients; respondents; sars
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        item: #1854 of 5187
          id: cord-287499-zcizdc7s
      author: Thompson, Hayley A
       title: SARS-CoV-2 infection prevalence on repatriation flights from Wuhan City, China
        date: 2020-08-24
       words: 1400
      flesch: 32
     summary: Therefore, prevalence from repatriated flights can be considered a conservative estimate of infection prevalence in the wider population. Although not representative of the wider population we believe these estimates are helpful in providing a conservative estimate of infection prevalence in Wuhan City, China, in the absence of large-scale population testing early in the epidemic.
    keywords: flights; infection; prevalence; wuhan
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        item: #1855 of 5187
          id: cord-287501-7it4kh0e
      author: Roh, Changhyun
       title: A facile inhibitor screening of SARS coronavirus N protein using nanoparticle-based RNA oligonucleotide
        date: 2012-05-03
       words: 2965
      flesch: 38
     summary: key: cord-287501-7it4kh0e authors: Roh, Changhyun title: A facile inhibitor screening of SARS coronavirus N protein using nanoparticle-based RNA oligonucleotide date: 2012-05-03 journal: Int J Nanomedicine DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s31379 sha: doc_id: 287501 cord_uid: 7it4kh0e Hundreds of million people worldwide have been infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), and the rate of global death from SARS has remarkably increased. Quantitative and sensitive detection of SARS coronavirus nucleocapsid protein using quantum dots-conjugated RNA aptamer on chip Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome The spike protein of SARS-CoV -a target for vaccine and therapeutic development Are drugs for SARS on the horizon? Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS):
    keywords: coronavirus; cov; gallate; oligonucleotide; protein; qds; rna; sars
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        item: #1856 of 5187
          id: cord-287604-w0ktwl8q
      author: Patel, Chirag N.
       title: Identification of potential inhibitors of coronavirus hemagglutinin-esterase using molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation and binding free energy calculation
        date: 2020-09-29
       words: 4942
      flesch: 42
     summary: The best dock pose (binding energy = 5.23 kcal/mol) with RMSD of 1.84 Å was obtained which depicted the robustness of the docking procedure to develop native-like poses as close as possible. We sought NPACT compounds better than co-crystal ligand in terms of binding energy and key receptor contacts (Fig. 2) .
    keywords: binding; bond; compounds; contacts; coronavirus; crystal; docking; dynamics; energy; hydrogen; ligand; npact; protein; simulations
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        item: #1857 of 5187
          id: cord-287628-lzqsh3jf
      author: Gomersall, Charles D.
       title: Transmission of SARS to healthcare workers. The experience of a Hong Kong ICU
        date: 2006-02-25
       words: 2611
      flesch: 55
     summary: It was a retrospective audit of the outcome of measures to prevent SARS infection amongst ICU staff. Duration of exposure to SARS patients was obtained from nursing and medical rosters.
    keywords: healthcare; icu; infection; patients; sars; staff
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        item: #1858 of 5187
          id: cord-287644-ay0vv27m
      author: Blackall, Douglas
       title: Rapid Establishment of a COVID‐19 Convalescent Plasma Program in a Regional Healthcare Delivery Network
        date: 2020-08-04
       words: 3771
      flesch: 45
     summary: 7 Without a vaccine or effective medications to ameliorate COVID-19, the establishment of convalescent plasma transfusion programs has taken on greater urgency. The species Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus: classifying 2019-nCoV and naming it SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) situation summary New cases of COVID-19 in world countries Current targeted therapeutics against COVID-19: based on first-line experience in China COVID-19, an emerging coronavirus infection: advances and prospects in designing and developing vaccines, immunotherapeutics, and therapeutics Convalescent plasma: therapeutic hope or hopeless strategy in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic Evaluation of convalescent plasma for Ebola virus disease in Guinea COVID-19 expanded access program Fair allocation of scarce medical resources in the time of Covid-19 Effectiveness of convalescent plasma therapy in severe COVID-19 patients Treatment of 5 critically ill patients with COVID-19 convalescent plasma COVID-19 convalescent plasma: now is the time for better science Antibody-dependent enhancement of severe dengue disease in humans Current studies of convalescent plasma therapy for COVID-19 may underestimate risk of antibody-dependent enhancement Viral-induced enhanced disease illness The authors acknowledge the outstanding contributions made by regional pharmacy staff for the recruitment of convalescent plasma donors, regional blood bank staff for processing and distributing convalescent plasma, information technology staff for developing the system to manage all aspects of the hospital transfusion process, and the staff at Mississippi Valley Regional Blood Center for rapidly implementing a system to collect convalescent plasma.
    keywords: article; ccp; convalescent; covid-19; patients; plasma; program; rights; transfusion
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        item: #1859 of 5187
          id: cord-287653-69nfi379
      author: Lacy, J. Matthew
       title: COVID-19: POSTMORTEM DIAGNOSTIC AND BIOSAFETY CONSIDERATIONS
        date: 2020-04-24
       words: 5207
      flesch: 39
     summary: 10-13 A variety of electronic databases provide ongoing daily monitoring of COVID-19 cases tabulated by country. Currently every state in the U.S. has reported COVID-19 cases, resulting in a total of over 7600 deaths to date.
    keywords: autopsy; bag; body; cases; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; isolation; ppe; sars; scene; testing; transmission
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        item: #1860 of 5187
          id: cord-287658-c2lljdi7
      author: Lopez-Rincon, Alejandro
       title: Classification and Specific Primer Design for Accurate Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Using Deep Learning
        date: 2020-09-10
       words: 4786
      flesch: 46
     summary: These methods rely on the assumption that cDNA sequences share common features, and their order prevails among different sequences 19, 20 . We then validate the discovered sequences on datasets not used during the training of the CNN, and show how to exploit them to create a novel, highly informative set of sequence features (e.g. viral sequences).
    keywords: bps; coronavirus; cov-2; data; learning; primer; samples; sars; sequences; set; virus
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        item: #1861 of 5187
          id: cord-287682-97fquq16
      author: Daubin, Cédric
       title: Is a COPD patient protected against SARS-CoV-2 virus?
        date: 2020-10-03
       words: 745
      flesch: 41
     summary: Therefore, how can one explain that COPD patients are under-represented in patients with We could hypothesize that the low prevalence of COPD patients in intensive care settings could be the consequence of pre-existing poor prognosis and decisions to limit the treatment to palliative care. ACE-2 Expression in the Small Airway Epithelia of Smokers and COPD Patients: Implications for COVID-19 Inhaled corticosteroids and COVID-19: a systematic review and clinical perspective Low incidence of daily active smokers in patients with symptomatic COVID19 Nicotine and the reninangiotensin system
    keywords: copd; patients; sars
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        item: #1862 of 5187
          id: cord-287742-y1j9x5ne
      author: Lee, Kai Wei
       title: Stroke and Novel Coronavirus Infection in Humans: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
        date: 2020-10-06
       words: 6552
      flesch: 38
     summary: Ischemic stroke was the predominant stroke, and it was observed in 90.3% of stroke cases as compared to 9.7% patients presenting with hemorrhagic stroke. The following data were extracted from every study: the last name of the first author, year of publication, country, severity status, study design, patient characteristics (ethnicity composition, gender, and mean age), comorbidities (diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, heart failure, previous stroke, chronic kidney disease/end-stage renal disease, number of stroke patients per overall participants, any information relevant to strokes such as the location of stroke [arterial or venous]), types of stroke (ischemic or haemorrhagic), classification of stroke, mortality rate, and blood parameters.
    keywords: analysis; coronavirus; covid-19; data; disease; infection; ischemic; meta; patients; review; risk; stroke; studies
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        item: #1863 of 5187
          id: cord-287758-da11ypiy
      author: Mônica Vitalino de Almeida, Sinara
       title: COVID-19 therapy: what weapons do we bring into battle?
        date: 2020-09-10
       words: 17493
      flesch: 35
     summary: More preclinical and clinical studies are required to prove whether dasatinib is really promising for COVID-19 patient treatment. SBV is also combined with other antiviral drugs, such as ledipasvir, velpatasvir and voxilaprevir.
    keywords: action; activity; antiviral; binding; cells; clinical; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; drug; entry; fig; host; human; infection; inhibitor; mechanism; new; novel; patients; potential; pro; protein; receptor; replication; results; rna; sars; studies; study; syndrome; synthesis; targets; therapy; treatment
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        item: #1864 of 5187
          id: cord-287819-qzg4bhoy
      author: Priftis, Konstantinos
       title: COVID-19 presenting with agraphia and conduction aphasia in a patient with left-hemisphere ischemic stroke
        date: 2020-09-28
       words: 1167
      flesch: 44
     summary: We sustain that specific neuropsychological signs can be observed in patients with COVID-19. Indeed, neurological disorders have been reported in patients with COVID-19.
    keywords: covid-19; patient; signs
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        item: #1865 of 5187
          id: cord-287847-rmhvc5n5
      author: Miles, Brett A.
       title: Tracheostomy during SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic: Recommendations from the New York Head and Neck Society
        date: 2020-04-20
       words: 3463
      flesch: 23
     summary: The effectiveness of the N95 mask in the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection during tracheostomy procedures remains unknown, but given the high risk and the reported size of thevirus ranging from 70-90 nm, consideration for power air-purifying respirator (PAPR) systems for personnel performing tracheostomy should be entertained. The rapid rise in endotracheal intubations coupled with prolonged ventilation requirements will certainly lead to an increase in tracheostomy procedures in the coming weeks and months.
    keywords: care; coronavirus; cov-2; health; infection; patients; sars; tracheostomy
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        item: #1866 of 5187
          id: cord-287991-10jz1dz2
      author: Goshen-Lago, Tal
       title: The Potential Role of Immune Alteration in the Cancer–COVID19 Equation—A Prospective Longitudinal Study
        date: 2020-08-26
       words: 4504
      flesch: 41
     summary: Cancer patients who were SARS-CoV-2 IgG+ (n = 4) were matched to cancer patients who were SARS-CoV-2 IgG-in terms of age, gender, cancer type, and treatment protocol (n = 4). key: cord-287991-10jz1dz2 authors: Goshen-Lago, Tal; Szwarcwort-Cohen, Moran; Benguigui, Madeleine; Almog, Ronit; Turgeman, Ilit; Zaltzman, Nelly; Halberthal, Michael; Shaked, Yuval; Ben-Aharon, Irit title: The Potential Role of Immune Alteration in the Cancer–COVID19 Equation—A Prospective Longitudinal Study date: 2020-08-26 journal: Cancers (Basel) DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092421 sha: doc_id: 287991 cord_uid: 10jz1dz2 SIMPLE SUMMARY: Despite lack of concrete evidence, cancer patients were considered at the onset of the COVID19 pandemic as high-risk population for COVID19 infection.
    keywords: cancer; cells; cov-2; covid19; healthcare; patients; sars; study; workers
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        item: #1867 of 5187
          id: cord-288010-i9zrojoo
      author: Jia, Yuanyuan
       title: Characterization of eight novel full-length genomes of SARS-CoV-2 among imported COVID-19 cases from abroad in Yunnan, China
        date: 2020-05-15
       words: 1134
      flesch: 49
     summary: Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the six isolates, including one from France (YN_Im02), two from Spain (YN_Im01 and YN_Im03), and three from the United States (YN_Im06-08) were clustered as G clade with a high bootstrap value of 99%, one strain from Cambodia (YN_Im04) was grouped into S clade with a bootstrap value of 80%, and the remaining one from Sri Lanka was classified within other clade, a large unclassified sequences because lack the signature variants (Fig.1C) . 7 G clade containing D614G variant in S protein is predominant in Europe, V clade possessing G251V mutation in ORF3 is more common in Asia and Europe, and S clade having L84S substitution in ORF8 is move prevalent in North America.
    keywords: china; clade; covid-19; sars
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        item: #1868 of 5187
          id: cord-288017-f9b3t0ts
      author: Kabeerdoss, Jayakanthan
       title: Understanding immunopathological fallout of human coronavirus infections including COVID‐19: Will they cross the path of rheumatologists?
        date: 2020-08-10
       words: 4290
      flesch: 36
     summary: medRxiv Complex immune dysregulation in COVID-19 patients with severe respiratory failure Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study On the alert for cytokine storm: immunopathology in COVID-19 Potential effect of blood purification therapy in reducing cytokine storm as a late complication of critically ill COVID-19 Genomic analysis reveals age-dependent innate immune responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Exacerbated innate host response to SARS-CoV in aged non-human primates Inflamm-aging: Why older men are the most susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 complicated outcomes An outbreak of severe Kawasaki-like disease at the Italian epicentre of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic: an observational cohort study Clinical characteristics of 58 children with a pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 Paediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 mimicking Kawasaki disease (Kawa-COVID-19): a multicentre cohort Pediatric Kawasaki disease and adult human immunodeficiency virus Kawasaki-like syndrome are likely the same malady Coagulopathy and antiphospholipid antibodies in patients with Covid-19 Novel paediatric presentation of COVID-19 with ARDS and cytokine storm syndrome without respiratory symptoms Characteristics of ischaemic stroke associated with COVID-19 Lupus anticoagulant is frequent in patients with Covid-19 Lupus anticoagulant and abnormal coagulation tests in patients with Covid-19 Neutrophil extracellular traps in COVID-19 COVID-19 and aPL Ab -Hematology.org [Internet Mechanisms of action of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine: implications for rheumatology Chloroquine attenuates TLR3/IFN-β signaling in cultured normal human mesangial cells: A possible protective effect against renal damage in lupus nephritis Poly(I:C) induces human lung endothelial barrier dysfunction by disrupting tight junction expression of claudin-5 Small molecules targeting the innate immune cGAS-STING-TBK1 signaling pathway Cutting edge: antimalarial drugs inhibit IFN-β production through blockade of cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-DNA interaction SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 is an interferon-stimulated gene in human airway epithelial cells and is detected in specific cell subsets across tissues Hydroxychloroquine, a less toxic derivative of chloroquine, is effective in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread A pilot study of hydroxychloroquine in treatment of patients with moderate COVID-19. Injection of convalescent sera from SARS patients to rhesus macaques also causes lung injury with similar histopathological features as in human disease.
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; hcq; ifn; infection; patients; response; sars; type
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        item: #1869 of 5187
          id: cord-288025-skkpkqw6
      author: Eslami, Hadi
       title: The role of environmental factors to transmission of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)
        date: 2020-05-15
       words: 4862
      flesch: 45
     summary: Studies show that SARS-CoV-2 stays for more than 9 days and be resistant, like other coronaviruses such as SARS and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), can live on inanimate surfaces such as metals, glass, and plastic at room temperature. Its results show that with a 1 °C increase of the minimum ambient air temperature, the cumulative number of cases decreases by 0.86% ( Fig. 1 ) (Wang et al. 2020b ).
    keywords: air; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; et al; food; sars; surfaces; transmission; virus
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        item: #1870 of 5187
          id: cord-288051-wp8v2mc5
      author: Sánchez-González, Álvaro
       title: What Should Be Known by a Urologist About the Medical Management of COVID-19’s Patients?
        date: 2020-09-01
       words: 3624
      flesch: 45
     summary: The infection and isolation of many physicians reduced its availability to struggle against COVID-19, so it became essential to recruit surgical staff to assist COVID-19 patients. A trial of lopinavir-ritonavir in adults hospitalized with severe Covid-19 A systematic review on the efficacy and safety of chloroquine for the treatment of COVID-19 Infectious Diseases Society of America Guidelines on the Treatment and Management of Patients with COVID-19 Pharmacologic treatments for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) a review COVID-19) outbreak: what the department of radiology should know Compassionate use of remdesivir for patients with severe Covid-19 Remdesivir in adults with severe COVID-19: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial Effective treatment of severe COVID-19 patients with tocilizumab Why tocilizumab could be an effective treatment for severe COVID -19 ?
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; days; disease; fig; infection; management; patients; sars; treatment
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        item: #1871 of 5187
          id: cord-288066-sh6n2c3n
      author: Mohamed, Mohamed S.
       title: Sex differences in COVID-19: the role of androgens in disease severity and progression
        date: 2020-11-11
       words: 2495
      flesch: 35
     summary: Androgen receptors are transcription promoters for TMPRSS2 and can, therefore, facilitate SARS-COV2 entry. The interaction between these genes juxtaposes the androgen receptor elements present in their code, causing the ERG gene to be also controlled by androgen receptor signalling [9] .
    keywords: androgen; cov2; covid-19; levels; receptor; sars; sensitivity
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        item: #1872 of 5187
          id: cord-288070-qwax5tg9
      author: Robilotti, E. V.
       title: Determinants of Severity in Cancer Patients with COVID-19 Illness
        date: 2020-05-08
       words: 2656
      flesch: 41
     summary: In this study, we report on the epidemiology of COVID-19 illness experienced at our cancer center over the last month, during the height of incident cases in New York City, and offer an analysis of risk factors for severe infection that is pertinent to cancer patient populations. Overall, 40% out of 423 patients with cancer were hospitalized for COVID-19 illness, 20% developed severe respiratory illness, including 9% that required mechanical ventilation, and 9% that died.
    keywords: cancer; covid-19; disease; illness; medrxiv; patients; preprint
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        item: #1873 of 5187
          id: cord-288146-xqxznv1r
      author: Kohyama, Shunsuke
       title: Efficient induction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes specific for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-associated coronavirus by immunization with surface-linked liposomal peptides derived from a non-structural polyprotein 1a
        date: 2009-09-11
       words: 6169
      flesch: 49
     summary: Here, we attempted to identify HLA-A*0201-restricted CTL epitopes derived from a non-structural polyprotein 1a (pp1a) of SARS-CoV, and investigated whether liposomal peptides derived from pp1a were effective for CTL induction. In the case of immunization with liposomal peptides, mice were subcutaneously (s.c.) immunized once or several times at one-week intervals with each of (Rammensee et al., 1999) at http://www.syfpeithi.de/. b Peptide binding scores to HLA-A2.1 were determined by the BIMAS database (Parker et al., 1994) at http://www-bimas.cit.nih.gov/molbio/hla bind/. c Data of peptide binding assays are shown as BL50, indicating a concentration of each peptide that yields the half-maximal MFI of T2 cells pulsed with a control peptide, NS3-1585.
    keywords: cd8; cells; fig; hla; liposomal; mice; peptides; pp1a; sars
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        item: #1874 of 5187
          id: cord-288153-2qsh2dlk
      author: Hays, Priya
       title: Clinical sequelae of the novel coronavirus: does COVID-19 infection predispose patients to cancer?
        date: 2020-05-27
       words: 4325
      flesch: 37
     summary: In the cancer-immunity cycle ( Figure 5 ), the cancer presents antigens which antigen-presenting cells present to MHC to activate cytotoxic CD8 + T cells, to ultimately destroy cancer cells in a cyclic process [24] . In cancer, the cancer-immunity cycle is dysfunctional with the accumulation of inhibitors of T-cell response and promoters of cancer cell growth.
    keywords: cancer; cells; coronavirus; cov; immune; infection; pathway; patients; response; signaling
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        item: #1875 of 5187
          id: cord-288197-drto66xt
      author: Chen, Huijun
       title: Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records
        date: 2020-02-12
       words: 3939
      flesch: 51
     summary: Considering that SARS-CoV-2 has up to 85% sequence similarity with SARS, [11] [12] [13] [14] although none of our patients developed severe pneumonia or died of COVID-19 infection, we should be alert to the possibility that the disease course and prognosis of COVID-19 pneumonia could follow the same trend as SARS in pregnant women. Answers to these questions are essential for formulating the principles of obstetric treatment for pregnant women with COVID-19 infection.
    keywords: clinical; covid-19; infection; patients; pneumonia; samples; sars; women
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        item: #1876 of 5187
          id: cord-288231-vg8bwed9
      author: Haagmans, Bart L.
       title: The Application of Genomics to Emerging Zoonotic Viral Diseases
        date: 2009-10-26
       words: 3414
      flesch: 27
     summary: Understanding the relationship between genetic diversity and antigenic properties of these viruses [13] may help to predict the emergence of influenza viruses and to develop effective vaccines. The host evasion and evolution of influenza virus is further discussed in [20] .
    keywords: host; humans; influenza; sars; species; transmission; virus; viruses
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        item: #1877 of 5187
          id: cord-288255-p8uzrsbd
      author: Goossens, Gijs H.
       title: Obesity and COVID-19: A Perspective from the European Association for the Study of Obesity on Immunological Perturbations, Therapeutic Challenges, and Opportunities in Obesity
        date: 2020-08-13
       words: 7056
      flesch: 32
     summary: COVID-19: consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression Validation of predictors of disease severity and outcomes in COVID-19 patients: a descriptive and retrospective study APOE e4 genotype predicts severe COVID-19 in the UK Biobank community cohort Apolipoprotein E -a multifunctional protein with implications in various pathologies as a result of its structural features Possible involvement of the adipose tissue renin-angiotensin system in the pathophysiology of obesity and obesity-related disorders Angiotensin II receptors and angiotensin II receptor antagonists Physiology and pathophysiology of the adipose tissue renin-angiotensin system The renin-angiotensin system in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes Role of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and proinflammatory mediators in cardiovascular disease Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2: SARS-CoV-2 Receptor and Regulator of the Renin-Angiotensin System: Celebrating the 20th Anniversary of the Discovery of ACE2 Newly recognized components of the renin-angiotensin system: potential roles in cardiovascular and renal regulation Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Evolution of the novel coronavirus from the ongoing Wuhan outbreak and modeling of its spike protein for risk of human transmission. In COVID-19 patients, elevated plasma concentrations of both proinflammatory Th1 and anti-inflammatory Th2 cytokines were found [3] .
    keywords: adipose; angiotensin; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; immune; infection; obesity; patients; people; risk; sars; tissue; treatment
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        item: #1878 of 5187
          id: cord-288271-p074ffpt
      author: Mathies, D.
       title: A Case of SARS‐CoV‐2‐pneumonia with successful antiviral therapy in a 77‐year‐old male with heart transplant
        date: 2020-04-21
       words: 2485
      flesch: 46
     summary: key: cord-288271-p074ffpt authors: Mathies, D.; Rauschning, D.; Wagner, U.; Mueller, F.; Maibaum, M.; Binnemann, C.; Waldeck, S.; Thinnes, K.; Braun, M.; Schmidbauer, W.; Hagen, RM.; Bickel, C. title: A Case of SARS‐CoV‐2‐pneumonia with successful antiviral therapy in a 77‐year‐old male with heart transplant date: 2020-04-21 journal: Am J Transplant DOI: 10.1111/ajt.15932 sha: doc_id: 288271 cord_uid: p074ffpt The SARS‐CoV‐2‐infection can be seen as a single disease but also affects patients with relevant comorbidities who may have an increased risk of a severe course of infection. Only a fistful of cases of a SARS-CoV 2-Infection in patients who received a solid organ transplant has been published so far [9, 10] .
    keywords: days; medication; patient; sars; therapy; transplant
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        item: #1879 of 5187
          id: cord-288284-fghu8ouc
      author: Hawryluck, Laura
       title: Clinical review: SARS – lessons in disaster management
        date: 2005-01-13
       words: 4270
      flesch: 42
     summary: Some refused to care for SARS patients, and some refused to even enter wards containing SARS patients [22] . Although the designation of outbreak hospitals does place a greater toll on front-line workers in these institutions, those health care providers caring for greater numbers of SARS patients in Toronto actually experienced less anxiety in the form of post-traumatic stress disorder symptomatology [29] .
    keywords: care; critical; disaster; health; management; outbreak; patients; sars
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        item: #1880 of 5187
          id: cord-288357-3mqoexcr
      author: Liu, Pei
       title: Potent inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 3C-like protease derived from N-substituted isatin compounds
        date: 2020-08-01
       words: 1897
      flesch: 53
     summary: A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Coronaviruses -drug discovery and therapeutic options An overview of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) 3CL protease inhibitors: Peptidomimetics and small molecule chemotherapy From SARS to MERS: Crystallographic studies on coronaviral proteases enable antiviral drug design Coronavirus main proteinase (3CL pro ) structure: Basis for design of anti-SARS drugs Polyprotein cleavage mechanism of SARS CoV M pro and chemical modification of the octapeptide Structure of M pro from COVID-19 virus and discovery of its inhibitors Synthesis and evaluation of phenylisoserine derivatives for the SARS-CoV 3CL protease inhibitor Evaluation of a non-prime site substituent and warheads combined with a decahydroisoquinolin scaffold as a SARS 3CL protease inhibitor Evaluation of an octahydroisochromene scaffold used as a novel SARS 3CL protease inhibitor Isatin compounds as noncovalent SARS coronavirus 3C-like protease inhibitors Crystal structure of SARS-CoV-2 main protease provides a basis for design of improved alphaketoamide inhibitors Structure-based design of antiviral drug candidates targeting the SARS-CoV-2 main protease Extract and baicalein inhibit replication of SARS-CoV-2 and its 3C-like protease, bioRxiv Discovery of baicalin and baicalein as novel, natural product inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 3CL protease bioRxiv Über isonitrosoacetanilide und deren Kondensation zu Isatinen 3C-like proteinase from SARS coronavirus catalyzes substrate hydrolysis by a general base mechanism CoV-2 3C-like protease is a key target for drug discovery against COVID-19 substituted isatin compounds are potent SARS-CoV-2 3C-like protease inhibitors. In order to verify whether isatin compounds can inhibit SARS-CoV-2 3CL pro , we selected a series of isatin compounds from an in-house synthetic compound library, synthesized a few new compounds, tested their inhibitory effects against SARS-CoV-2 3CL pro , and analyzed their structure-activity relationship (SAR).
    keywords: 3cl; compounds; inhibitors; pro; protease; sars
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        item: #1881 of 5187
          id: cord-288398-vnra553x
      author: Yogeswaran, Athiththan
       title: Impact of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on pulmonary hypertension out-patient clinics in Germany: a multi-centre study
        date: 2020-07-23
       words: 1169
      flesch: 38
     summary: PH patients are already facing a substantial delay from onset of symptom to definite diagnosis and treatment initiation in PH centres. 9, 10 In essence, while SARS-CoV-2-associated restrictions implemented in Germany might have prevented from an uncontrolled spread of the virus in the general population, and was well received by the majority of the society as well as by health care professionals, social distancing and potential other concerns which reduce the number of patient referrals to PH specialised centres might have a negative impact on the best care for the fragile PH patients.
    keywords: control; patients; period
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        item: #1882 of 5187
          id: cord-288403-m6qe57he
      author: Abbas, K. M.
       title: Benefit-risk analysis of health benefits of routine childhood immunisation against the excess risk of SARS-CoV-2 infections during the Covid-19 pandemic in Africa
        date: 2020-05-26
       words: 7121
      flesch: 45
     summary: key: cord-288403-m6qe57he authors: Abbas, K. M.; Procter, S. R.; van Zandvoort, K.; Clark, A.; Funk, S.; LSHTM CMMID Covid-19 Working Group,; Mengistu, T.; Hogan, D.; Dansereau, E.; Jit, M.; Flasche, S. title: Benefit-risk analysis of health benefits of routine childhood immunisation against the excess risk of SARS-CoV-2 infections during the Covid-19 pandemic in Africa date: 2020-05-26 journal: nan DOI: 10.1101/2020.05.19.20106278 sha: doc_id: 288403 cord_uid: m6qe57he Background: National immunisation programmes globally are at risk of suspension due to the severe health system constraints and physical distancing measures in place to mitigate the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Our aim is to compare the health benefits of sustaining routine childhood immunisation in Africa against the risk of acquiring SARS-CoV-2 infections through visiting routine vaccination service delivery points.
    keywords: childhood; children; covid-19; deaths; immunisation; license; preprint; risk; routine; sars; vaccination
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        item: #1883 of 5187
          id: cord-288484-qy619tfg
      author: Bernard‐Valnet, R.
       title: Two patients with acute meningoencephalitis concomitant with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection
        date: 2020-05-30
       words: 1144
      flesch: 35
     summary: To conclude, we report the first temporal association between acute SARS-CoV-2 infection and aseptic encephalitis with focal neurological symptoms and signs. We report here two patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 who presented with neurological symptoms and signs.
    keywords: cov-2; patients; sars; symptoms
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        item: #1884 of 5187
          id: cord-288500-ko4eda9w
      author: Zheng, Ruijun
       title: Prevalence and associated factors of depression and anxiety among nurses during the outbreak of COVID-19 in China: A cross-sectional study
        date: 2020-10-23
       words: 4693
      flesch: 43
     summary: However, the rate of depression among nurses who cared for the patients was almost the same as Lai et al study (Lai et al., 2020) , and higher than that of nurses caring for SARS patients in China (Lung et al., 2009; Su et al., 2007; Chen et al., 2005; Nickell et al., 2004; Lin et al., 2007) . Most of the previous studies (Chan et al., 2005; Chong et al., 2004; Lung et al., 2009; Su et al., 2007; Chen et al., 2005; Lin et al., 2007 ) had focused on nurses mental health at the mid-stage and final-stage of SARS pandemic, comparing with our study at the early stage of COVID-19 pandemic.
    keywords: anxiety; covid-19; depression; et al; health; nurses; risk; sars
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        item: #1885 of 5187
          id: cord-288553-fez60jyn
      author: Colaneri, Marta
       title: Lack of SARS-CoV-2 RNA environmental contamination in a tertiary referral hospital for infectious diseases in Northern Italy.
        date: 2020-03-19
       words: 539
      flesch: 36
     summary: Table 1 indicates which surfaces and objects were subjected to swabbing and Fig. 1 Stability and inactivation of SARS coronavirus Environmental Contamination and Viral Shedding in MERS Patients during MERS-CoV Outbreak in South Korea Early phylogenetic estimate of the effective reproduction number of SARS-CoV-2 Survival of human coronaviruses 229E and OC43 in suspension and after drying on surfaces: A possible source of hospital-acquired infections Human coronavirus 229E remains infectious on common touch surface materials Transmission of SARS and MERS coronaviruses and influenza virus in healthcare settings: the possible role of dry surface contamination We thank nurses for collaboration. In this regard, studies suggest that surfaces and suspensions can carry HCoVs, increasing the risk of contact transmission that could lead to hospital acquired HCoVs infections
    keywords: cov-2; sars; surfaces
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        item: #1886 of 5187
          id: cord-288558-rthnj6wd
      author: Cheng, V. C. C.
       title: Viral Replication in the Nasopharynx Is Associated with Diarrhea in Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
        date: 2004-02-15
       words: 3807
      flesch: 42
     summary: Summary table of SARS cases by country A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Koch's postulates fulfilled for SARS virus Newly discovered coronavirus as the primary cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Clinical progression and viral load in a community outbreak of coronavirus-associated SARS pneumonia: a prospective study Detection of SARS coronavirus (SCoV) by RT-PCR, culture, and serology in patients with acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) The lung and the gastrointestinal tract may react differently to SARS coronavirus infection.
    keywords: coronavirus; days; diarrhea; onset; patients; sars; severe; symptoms; syndrome
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        item: #1887 of 5187
          id: cord-288584-wql253d8
      author: Rivera-Oyola, Ryan
       title: Dermatologic findings in two patients with COVID-19
        date: 2020-04-28
       words: 365
      flesch: 29
     summary: Similarly, we observed a diversity of morphological presentations and variability in time to onset of cutaneous manifestations in the literature (4) (5) (6) . It is unlikely that our patients' rashes were due to a medication reaction as there had been no changes to their medication regimen, the rashes had an acute onset following COVID-19 symptom onset, and, in Case 1, the biopsy did not illustrate tissue eosinophilia.
    keywords: covid-19; sars
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        item: #1888 of 5187
          id: cord-288632-2aliqy8p
      author: Phillips, Nicole
       title: The Perfect Storm: COVID-19 Health Disparities in US Blacks
        date: 2020-09-23
       words: 4587
      flesch: 28
     summary: Population-specific risk in Black communities is clearly multifactorial; however, recent research on the prevalence and risk in the UK indicates that comorbidity and social determinants of health only tell part of the story when it comes to accounting for disease risk and mortality in vulnerable populations While this theoretical threshold model of disease risk is a vast oversimplification, rapid advances in computational biology, facilitated by artificial intelligence, may enable researchers to capture nuanced interactions not shown in Fig. 2 in order to greatly enhance predictive power.
    keywords: ace2; cov-2; covid-19; disease; health; il-6; mortality; polymorphisms; risk; sars; stress
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        item: #1889 of 5187
          id: cord-288639-wy07nao0
      author: Earnest, Arul
       title: Using autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models to predict and monitor the number of beds occupied during a SARS outbreak in a tertiary hospital in Singapore
        date: 2005-05-11
       words: 2798
      flesch: 45
     summary: As a result, the number of admissions and isolation beds required during management of SARS outbreaks can be expected to significantly exceed that used for actual SARS cases. During SARS outbreak in Singapore from 1 Mar to 31 May 2003, the Communicable Disease Centre (CDC) was the initial designated facility for the screening management of all SARS cases, beginning on 14 Mar 2003, two days after the WHO alert was sounded on 12 Mar
    keywords: arima; beds; day; model; number; outbreak; sars
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        item: #1890 of 5187
          id: cord-288644-ywaefpe8
      author: Rodon, Jordi
       title: Pre-clinical search of SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors and their combinations in approved drugs to tackle COVID-19 pandemic
        date: 2020-10-20
       words: 7597
      flesch: 44
     summary: To detect any drugassociated cytotoxic effect, Vero E6 cells were equally cultured in the presence of increasing drug concentrations, but in the absence of virus. A constant concentration of a clinical isolate of SARS-CoV-2 (ID EPI_ISL_510689) was mixed with increasing concentrations of hydroxychloroquine and added to Vero E6 cells.
    keywords: activity; cells; cov-2; drugs; effect; inhibitors; sars; supp; table; vero
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        item: #1891 of 5187
          id: cord-288651-bgo8istm
      author: SHI, Yi
       title: Inhibition of genes expression of SARS coronavirus by synthetic small interfering RNAs
        date: 2005-03-17
       words: 3070
      flesch: 47
     summary: Specific inhibition of cellular mRNA by RNAi can be triggered in mammalian cells by the introduction of synthetic 21-to 23-nucleotide duplexes of RNA N genes of SARS-CoV and evaluated their effects on viral genes expression in Vero E6 cells. Results suggest that siRNA is capable of inhibiting SARS coronavirus genes expression and thus may be a new therapeutic strategy for treatment of SARS.
    keywords: cells; cov; duplexes; expression; genes; sars; sirna
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        item: #1892 of 5187
          id: cord-288660-z0k2ui3y
      author: Edler, Alice A.
       title: Avian flu (H5N1): its epidemiology, prevention, and implications for anesthesiology
        date: 2006-02-28
       words: 2410
      flesch: 45
     summary: Probable person-toperson transmission of avian influenza A (H5N1) Avian influenza infection in human Genesis of a highly pathogenic and potentially pandemic H5N1 influenza virus in eastern Asia Avian influenza-situation in Indonesia-update 31 Identification of a novel corona virus A (H5N1) in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Human disease from influenza A (H5N1) Pandemic risks from bird flu Recent avian influenza outbreaks in Asia Evolution of H5N1 avian influenza viruses in Asia Public health measures to control the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome during the outbreak in Toronto Applied epidemiology: theory to practice Interim recommendations for infection control in health-care facilities caring for patients with known or suspected avian influenza Infection control measures for operative procedures in severe acute respiratory syndrome-related patients Infection control and anesthesia: Avian flu infections present with fever, sore throat, malaise, nonproductive cough, and occasionally conjunctivitis and diarrhea.
    keywords: avian; flu; h5n1; health; influenza; sars
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        item: #1893 of 5187
          id: cord-288670-1vlowf2n
      author: Yang, Naidi
       title: Targeting the Endocytic Pathway and Autophagy Process as a Novel Therapeutic Strategy in COVID-19
        date: 2020-03-15
       words: 4521
      flesch: 40
     summary: One key element in viral infection is the process of viral entry into the host cells. A first step in understanding SARS pathogenesis Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro Localization of mouse hepatitis virus nonstructural proteins and RNA synthesis indicates a role for late endosomes in viral replication Characterization of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) spike glycoprotein-mediated viral entry pH-dependent entry of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus is mediated by the spike glycoprotein and enhanced by dendritic cell transfer through DC-SIGN Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread SARS coronavirus, but not human coronavirus NL63, utilizes cathepsin L to infect ACE2-expressing cells Endosomal proteolysis by cathepsins is necessary for murine coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus type 2 spike-mediated entry Role of endocytosis and low pH in murine hepatitis virus strain A59 cell entry Amiodarone alters late endosomes and inhibits SARS coronavirus infection at a post-endosomal level Mouse hepatitis virus type 2 enters cells through a clathrin-mediated endocytic pathway independent of Eps15 Coronavirus cell entry occurs through the endo-/lysosomal pathway in a proteolysis-dependent manner ATP1A1-mediated Src signaling inhibits coronavirus entry into host cells Glycopeptide Antibiotics Potently Inhibit Cathepsin L in the Late Endosome/Lysosome and Block the Entry of Ebola Virus, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV)
    keywords: autophagy; cells; coronavirus; cov; covs; entry; infection; pathway; replication; sars
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        item: #1894 of 5187
          id: cord-288692-v471648u
      author: Yip, Shea Ping
       title: Use of Dual TaqMan Probes to Increase the Sensitivity of 1-Step Quantitative Reverse Transcription-PCR: Application to the Detection of SARS Coronavirus
        date: 2005-10-01
       words: 2401
      flesch: 34
     summary: This simple modification using dual TaqMan probes for quantification has wide applications in areas in which ultrasensitivity is critically required. In conclusion, we report the use of dual TaqMan probes for quantification purposes and apply it to the detection of Clinical Chemistry 51, No. 10, 2005 SARS-CoV with a detection limit of 1 copy RNA per reaction.
    keywords: assay; coronavirus; detection; pcr; probe; rna; sars; taqman
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        item: #1895 of 5187
          id: cord-288731-x2cwyvb7
      author: Puenpa, Jiratchaya
       title: Molecular epidemiology of the first wave of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in Thailand in 2020
        date: 2020-10-06
       words: 4217
      flesch: 53
     summary: Eight of the patients had pneumonia, and 7 of the samples from these 8 patients were SARS-CoV-2 type T. One patient with type T SARS-CoV-2 required admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). Available at Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China Clinical phenotypes of SARS-CoV-2: implications for clinicians and researchers A single center observational study of the clinical characteristics and short-term outcome of 20 kidney transplant patients admitted for SARS-CoV2 pneumonia Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the EU/EEA and the UK -eight update Viral and host factors related to the clinical outcome of COVID-19 Summary of probable SARS cases with onset of illness from 1 Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection: epidemiology, pathogenesis and clinical characteristics Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72 314 cases from the Chinese Center for disease control and prevention Cross-country comparison of case fatality rates of COVID-19/SARS-COV-2.
    keywords: cases; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; outbreak; samples; sars; study; thailand; type
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        item: #1896 of 5187
          id: cord-288733-c51lfwd6
      author: Kavanagh, Oisín
       title: Inhaled Hydroxychloroquine to Improve Efficacy and Reduce Harm in the Treatment of COVID-19
        date: 2020-07-15
       words: 774
      flesch: 30
     summary: Concerns associated with severe side effects 41 are such that the FDA and EMA now formally recommend against taking HCQ for COVID- Effects of chloroquine on 178 viral infections: An old drug against today's diseases? New insights into the 181 antiviral effects of chloroquine Hydroxychloroquine in SLE: Old drug, new perspectives. Further, almost all of the trials registered do not consider dosage adjustment in the elderly, a patient population most likely to require HCQ treatment.
    keywords: covid-19; effects; hydroxychloroquine
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        item: #1897 of 5187
          id: cord-288756-r96izsyq
      author: Wu, Zhiqiang
       title: ORF8-Related Genetic Evidence for Chinese Horseshoe Bats as the Source of Human Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus
        date: 2016-02-15
       words: 2262
      flesch: 50
     summary: This finding provides new genetic evidence for Chinese horseshoe bats as the source of human SARS-CoV. The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) pandemic in 2002-2003 spread to 29 countries, caused 8098 cases, and led to 774 deaths. The ORF8s found in SARS-CoVs from human patients in the early phase of the first epidemic of SARS in 2003 (represented by the GZ02 and GD01 isolates) and the 4 patients during the 2003-2004 outbreak (represented by the GZ0401 isolate) are nearly identical to those of the 2 newly identified CoVs, Rs-betacoronavirus/ Yunnan2013 and Rs-betacoronavirus/Guangxi2013, with a few single-nucleotide mutations (98% and 99% nucleotide sequence identities, respectively; Figure 2B ).
    keywords: covs; nucleotide; orf8s; sars; type
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        item: #1898 of 5187
          id: cord-288758-onis9xmo
      author: Peng, Z.
       title: Exhaled CO2 as COVID-19 infection risk proxy for different indoor environments and activities
        date: 2020-09-10
       words: 3174
      flesch: 48
     summary: Since background (ambient) CO2 level is stable and indoor excess CO2 is usually only from human exhalation, measurements of indoor CO2 concentration by low-cost CO2 sensors can often be good indicators of infection risk and suitable for mass deployment (9, 10) . Even if CO2 and SARS-CoV-2 concentrations are the same as in the infected student case, a susceptible person in the PE class case can still inhale a larger dose of SARS-CoV-2 and more excess CO2, and have a remarkably different P. As a result, a single recommendation of indoor CO2 threshold is not valid even for a series of school settings.
    keywords: case; co2; infection; medrxiv; preprint; risk; sars
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        item: #1899 of 5187
          id: cord-288818-6uvb4qsk
      author: Tanveer, Faouzia
       title: Ethics, pandemic and environment; looking at the future of low middle income countries
        date: 2020-10-15
       words: 7005
      flesch: 41
     summary: World Health Organization US emergency legal responses to novel coronavirus: balancing public health and civil liberties Responding to COVID-19: how to navigate a public health emergency legally and ethically Combating COVID-19: health equity matters Ethical standards for research during public health emergencies: distilling existing guidance to support COVID-19 R&D: During a pandemic, standard crises care protocols should be developed by public health institutions to establish a systematic and evidence based procedure which ensures fair distribution of health care resources.
    keywords: care; cases; countries; cov-2; covid-19; data; health; information; pandemic; public; research; resources; response; sars; spread
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        item: #1900 of 5187
          id: cord-288824-sygnmiun
      author: Lam, SD
       title: SARS-CoV-2 spike protein predicted to form complexes with host receptor protein orthologues from a broad range of mammals
        date: 2020-08-19
       words: 7363
      flesch: 48
     summary: Previous work contrasted the binding energy of the S-protein of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 with human ACE2 protein [24, 25, 32] . We show the residues that P(2)-PPI2 reports as stabilising or destabilising for the SARS-CoV-2 S-protein:ACE2 animal complex for DC ( Supplementary Fig. 8 ) and DCEX (Supplementary Fig. 9 ) residues.
    keywords: ace2; animals; binding; complex; cov-2; human; infection; protein; residues; sars; species; supplementary; δδg
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        item: #1901 of 5187
          id: cord-288862-upcsvjuo
      author: Wang, Junmei
       title: Fast Identification of Possible Drug Treatment of Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) through Computational Drug Repurposing Study
        date: 2020-04-21
       words: 4372
      flesch: 48
     summary: The detailed ligand−residue interaction profile, as well as the decomposition of binding free energy into different components, provides insight into rationally designing potent and selective inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 main protease. Predicting binding free energies and poses of protein-RNA complexes Assessing the Performance of MM/PBSA, MM/GBSA, and QM-MM/GBSA Approaches on Protein/Carbohydrate Complexes: Effect of Implicit Solvent Models, QM Methods, and Entropic Contributions Assessing the performance of MM/PBSA and MM/GBSA methods.
    keywords: binding; cov-2; docking; drug; energy; ligand; pbsa; protease; sars
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        item: #1902 of 5187
          id: cord-288920-xkfcc2dx
      author: Broxmeyer, L
       title: SARS: Just another viral acronym?
        date: 2003-08-31
       words: 2363
      flesch: 40
     summary: Cluster of cases of servere acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Low DE identification of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Canada Managing SARS amidst uncertainty Thin-section CT of severe acute respiratory syndrome: evaluation of 73 patients exposed to or with the disease High resolution CT findings of miliary tuberculosis Mycobacterium tuberculosis versus nontuberculous mycobacterial infection of the lung in AIDS patients: CT and HRCT patterns Tuberculosis and the atypical pneumonia syndrome Tuberculous pneumonia in children Miliary tuberculosis: clinical manifestations, diagnosis and outcome in 38 adults A case of miliary tuberculosis complicated by acute respiratory failure after bronchofiberscopy The cause of death in patients with non-MDR pulmonary tuberculosis in our hospital Crazy-paving appearance at thinsection CT: spectrum of disease and pathologic findings The adult respiratory distress syndrome associated with miliary tuberculosis Deloffre Prognosis of acute tuberculosis respiratory distress syndrome, 4 cases Miliary tuberculosis and acute respiratory distress syndrome Cell Wall Deficient Forms -Stealth Pathogens Origin, development and significance of L-forms in bacterial cultures Anti-tuberculosis Drug Resistance in the World. key: cord-288920-xkfcc2dx authors: Broxmeyer, L title: SARS: Just another viral acronym? date: 2003-08-31 journal: Medical Hypotheses DOI: 10.1016/s0306-9877(03)00195-6 sha: doc_id: 288920 cord_uid: xkfcc2dx Abstract Recent observations and experimental evidence have purported that a virus causes SARS, but such viruses have been isolated in only less than half of SARS patients in some studies and virologist Vincent Plummer of Winnipeg’s National Microbiology Laboratory found that indeed 1 in 5 perfectly healthy Canadians with a history of recent travel to Asia had the virus.
    keywords: mycobacteria; sars; syndrome; tuberculosis; virus
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        item: #1903 of 5187
          id: cord-288998-0by0bkgs
      author: Colarusso, Chiara
       title: A lesson from a saboteur: high molecular weight kininogen (HMWK) impact in COVID‐19
        date: 2020-06-04
       words: 3862
      flesch: 31
     summary: In the first published cohort of 41 laboratory-confirmed cases infected with SARS-CoV-2 (Huang et al. 2020) , it was reported that infected patients had a median age of 49.0 years and 73% of them were men. The morbidity is mainly due to respiratory failure typical of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), but the mortality underlies multiple organ failure due to coagulation alteration with ensuing thrombosis and embolism, consequences of septic shock and/or cardiovascular alterations (Huang et al. 2020 ).
    keywords: ace2; angiotensin; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; patients; receptor; sars
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        item: #1904 of 5187
          id: cord-289003-vov6o1jx
      author: Burdet, C.
       title: Need for integrative thinking to fight against emerging infectious diseases. Proceedings of the 5th seminar on emerging infectious diseases, March 22, 2016 – current trends and proposals
        date: 2018-02-28
       words: 8328
      flesch: 44
     summary: vov6o1jx Abstract We present here the proceedings of the 5th seminar on emerging infectious diseases, held in Paris on March 22nd, 2016, with seven priority proposals that can be outlined as follows: encourage research on the prediction, screening and early detection of new risks of infection; develop research and surveillance concerning transmission of pathogens between animals and humans, with their reinforcement in particular in intertropical areas (“hot-spots”) via public support; pursue aid development and support in these areas of prevention and training for local health personnel, and foster risk awareness in the population; ensure adapted patient care in order to promote adherence to treatment and to epidemic propagation reduction measures; develop greater awareness and better education among politicians and healthcare providers, in order to ensure more adapted response to new types of crises; modify the logic of governance, drawing from all available modes of communication and incorporating new information-sharing tools; develop economic research on the fight against emerging infectious diseases, taking into account specific driving factors in order to create a balance between preventive and curative approaches. Seven priority proposals can be outlined as follows: encourage research on the prediction, screening and early detection of new risks of infection; develop research and surveillance concerning transmission of pathogens between animals and humans, with their reinforcement in particular in intertropical areas ('hot-spots') thanks to public support; pursue aid development and support in these areas of prevention and training for local health personnel, and to foster risk awareness in the population; ensure adapted patient care in order to promote adherence to treatment and to epidemic propagation reduction measures; develop greater sensitization and training among politicians and healthcare providers, in order to better prepare them to respond to new types of crises; modify the logic of governance, drawing from all available modes of communication and incorporating new information-sharing tools; develop economic research on the fight against EIDs, taking into account specific determining factors in order to create a balance between preventive and treatment approaches.
    keywords: animal; areas; case; cov; emergence; epidemic; health; healthcare; human; management; public; risk; state; transmission; virus
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        item: #1905 of 5187
          id: cord-289038-15yp9uqy
      author: Chow, Jonathan Tak-Sum
       title: Prediction and Analysis of SARS-CoV-2-Targeting MicroRNA in Human Lung Epithelium
        date: 2020-08-26
       words: 5326
      flesch: 47
     summary: For instance, hsa-miR-196, hsa-miR-296, hsa-miR-351, hsa-miR-431, and hsa-miR-448 were observed to attenuate hepatitis C (HCV) viral replication in vitro. hsa-miR-16-1-3p hsa-miR-15b-3p hsa-miR-103a-2-5p hsa-miR-1208 hsa-miR-6736-5p hsa-let-7b-5p hsa-let-7f-5p hsa-miR-1185-2-3p hsa-miR-1273g-3p hsa-miR-122-5p hsa-miR-197-5p hsa-miR-129-5p hsa-miR-1976 hsa-miR-4262 hsa-miR-1229-5p hsa-miR-1322 hsa-miR-1202 hsa-miR-301a-3p hsa-miR-1273e hsa-miR-6511a-5p hsa-miR-1275 hsa-miR-4665-5p hsa-miR-206 hsa-miR-17-3p hsa-miR-1269a hsa-miR-196a-5p hsa-miR-1267 hsa-miR-98-5p hsa-miR-1304-3p hsa-miR-4420 hsa-miR-1305 hsa-miR-1231 hsa-miR-4500 hsa-miR-19a-5p hsa-miR-1301-3p hsa-miR-152-5p hsa-miR-1238-5p hsa-miR-147a hsa-miR-1302 hsa-miR-1256 hsa-miR-3132 hsa-miR-1197 hsa-miR-124-5p hsa-miR-197-5p hsa-miR-129-5p hsa-miR-1976 hsa-miR-4262 hsa-miR-1229-5p hsa-miR-1322 hsa-miR-1202 hsa-miR-301a-3p hsa-miR-1273e hsa-miR-6511a-5p hsa-miR-1275 hsa-miR-4665-5p hsa-miR-206 hsa-miR-17-3p hsa-miR-1269a hsa-miR-196a-5p hsa-miR-1267 hsa-miR-98-5p hsa-miR-1304-3p hsa-miR-4420 hsa-miR-1305 hsa-miR-1231 hsa-miR-4500 hsa-miR-155-3p hsa-miR-145-3p hsa-miR-1233-3p hsa-miR-1293 hsa-miR-203b-3p hsa-miR-4458 hsa-miR-454-3p hsa-miR-4518 hsa-miR-1291 hsa-let-7a-3p hsa-miR-16-2-3p hsa-miR-193b-3p hsa-miR-1283 hsa-miR-1285-5p hsa-miR-1246 hsa-miR-1197 hsa-miR-124-5p To gain insight into the baseline levels of candidate miRNA in human lung epithelia
    keywords: 5p hsa; cov-2; expression; genome; hsa; infection; mirna; sars; target
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        item: #1906 of 5187
          id: cord-289064-435bp4rt
      author: Muniangi-Muhitu, Hermine
       title: Covid-19 and Diabetes: A Complex Bidirectional Relationship
        date: 2020-10-08
       words: 5755
      flesch: 32
     summary: We consider roles for the immune system, the observed phenomenon of microangiopathy in severe Covid-19 infection and the potential for direct viral toxicity on metabolically-relevant tissues including pancreatic beta cells and targets of insulin action. The most common comorbidities with Covid-19 infection are metabolic diseases including diabetes, hypertension, obesity and cardiovascular disease (9, 10, 13) .
    keywords: ace2; cells; covid-19; diabetes; disease; immune; infection; insulin; patients; receptor; risk; sars; type
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        item: #1907 of 5187
          id: cord-289076-8iymevqm
      author: Marjanovic, Zdravko
       title: The relevance of psychosocial variables and working conditions in predicting nurses’ coping strategies during the SARS crisis: An online questionnaire survey
        date: 2007-08-31
       words: 4581
      flesch: 35
     summary: Nurses, physicians, technicians, and aides all played a role in the struggle against SARS; however, nurses were predominant in this group. key: cord-289076-8iymevqm authors: Marjanovic, Zdravko; Greenglass, Esther R.; Coffey, Sue title: The relevance of psychosocial variables and working conditions in predicting nurses’ coping strategies during the SARS crisis: An online questionnaire survey date: 2007-08-31 journal: International Journal of Nursing Studies DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2006.02.012 sha: doc_id: 289076 cord_uid: 8iymevqm Abstract Objectives The purpose of this investigation was to examine the relationship between psychosocial variables and working conditions, and nurses’ coping methods and distress in response to the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) crisis in Canada.
    keywords: behavior; levels; nurses; sars; support
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        item: #1908 of 5187
          id: cord-289079-m417oxpc
      author: Waggershauser, Constanze H.
       title: Letter: immunotherapy in IBD patients in a SARS‐CoV‐2 endemic area
        date: 2020-08-14
       words: 407
      flesch: 49
     summary: Therefore, soon two questions raised great concern: are IBD patients who receive immunotherapies more susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infections than the general population and are infected patients exposed to a more severe course? key: cord-289079-m417oxpc authors: Waggershauser, Constanze H.; Tillack‐Schreiber, Cornelia; Berchtold‐Benchieb, Christine; Szokodi, Daniel; Howaldt, Stefanie; Ochsenkühn, Thomas title: Letter: immunotherapy in IBD patients in a SARS‐CoV‐2 endemic area date: 2020-08-14 journal:
    keywords: ibd; patients
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        item: #1909 of 5187
          id: cord-289101-ko1knslk
      author: Fu, Weihui
       title: An open-label, randomized trial of the combination of IFN-κ plus TFF2 with standard care in the treatment of patients with moderate COVID-19
        date: 2020-09-20
       words: 6202
      flesch: 42
     summary: This was an open-label, randomized clinical trial conducted from March 23, 2020, for virologically confirmed COVID-19 patients Evidence before this study We searched Pubmed and China National Knowledge Infrastructure database for articles that use TFF2, IFN-k, or the combination of both, to treat COVID-19 patients on March 23, 2020 using the search terms (novel coronavirus OR SARS-CoV-2 00 OR COVID-19 00 ) AND (TFF2 OR IFN-k) with no language or time restrictions. Unfortunately, most studies have shown limited therapeutic effects in COVID-19 patients, and some effective therapeutics in published papers have been questioned for various reasons [33] .
    keywords: aerosol; control; covid-19; days; group; ifn; inhalation; patients; study; tff2; treatment
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        item: #1910 of 5187
          id: cord-289114-ifnk41oq
      author: Singh, Angaraj
       title: Effect of pre‐existing diseases on COVID‐19 infection and role of new sensors and biomaterials for its detection and treatment
        date: 2020-10-28
       words: 6903
      flesch: 48
     summary: All rights reserved Treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome with lopinavir/ritonavir: a multicentre retrospective matched cohort study Use of convalescent plasma therapy in SARS patients in Hong Kong Clinical Trials. All rights reserved A novel human coronavirus: Middle East respiratory syndrome human coronavirus Loneliness as a public health issue: the impact of loneliness on health care utilization among older adults Isolation and characterization of a bat SARS-like coronavirus that uses the ACE2 receptor The mechanism of resistance to favipiravir in influenza The antiviral compound remdesivir potently inhibits RNA-dependent RNA polymerase from Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Critical care utilization for the COVID-19 outbreak in Lombardy, Italy: early experience and forecast during an emergency response Isolation and characterization of viruses related to the SARS coronavirus from animals in Southern China Myocardial injury may be key in predicting COVID-19 fatalities The origin, transmission and clinical therapies on coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) outbreak -an update on the Status Expression of elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in SARS-CoV-infected ACE2 cells in SARS patients: relation to the acute lung injury and pathogenesis of SARS Radiological findings from 81 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Accepted Article
    keywords: article; copyright; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; detection; et al; infection; novel; patients; pcr; plasma; rights; sars; treatment
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        item: #1911 of 5187
          id: cord-289134-ne3tjt5g
      author: Xing, Yue
       title: Natural Polymorphisms Are Present in the Furin Cleavage Site of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein
        date: 2020-07-17
       words: 1632
      flesch: 45
     summary: From 45828 SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences available in the GISAID database as of June 13, 2020, 103 strains of SARS-CoV-2 1 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Class/Structure/aa/aa_explorer.cgi carried various DNA mutations including 25 unique ones that may affect the furin cleavage site located at the amino acid residual positions 680-689 (S1/S2 region) Specifically, 96 SARS-CoV-2 strains were identified to carry a total of 23 unique point mutations in the furin cleavage site (each mutant strain carried only one non-synonymous point mutation in the furin cleavage site).
    keywords: cleavage; cov-2; furin; site
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        item: #1912 of 5187
          id: cord-289144-d6fgs8qg
      author: Sieńko, Jerzy
       title: COVID-19: The Influence of ACE Genotype and ACE-I and ARBs on the Course of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Elderly Patients
        date: 2020-07-21
       words: 5138
      flesch: 42
     summary: Given the lack of Angiotensin II, an increase in ACE2 receptors and a reduction in general inflammation. In 2007, Danser et al proposed ACE phenotyping to explain 69 Due to many variables such as age, gender and comorbidities, they were unable to determine the effect of these drugs on the development of infection, but they proved that patients using ACE-I had an increase in the number of ACE2 receptors.
    keywords: ace2; angiotensin; arbs; covid-19; disease; hypertension; infection; patients; receptor; sars; treatment
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        item: #1913 of 5187
          id: cord-289216-g4kqi560
      author: Malecki, M.
       title: Analysis of external quality assessment samples revealed crucial performance differences between commercial RT-PCR assays for SARS-CoV-2 detection when taking extraction methods and real-time-PCR instruments into account
        date: 2020-09-23
       words: 1931
      flesch: 45
     summary: Ever since the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was identified as the causative agent of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the number of commercial kits detecting the virus from clinical samples keeps growing (1, 2) . Clinical samples may be reported falsely as negative, unlike indicated by the sensitivity values published in predated studies.
    keywords: cov-2; pcr; preprint; samples; sars
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        item: #1914 of 5187
          id: cord-289255-qwzg7prx
      author: Seligman, Stephen J.
       title: Evidence for Quasi Species in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-associated Coronavirus Deletion Mutants
        date: 2007-02-15
       words: 647
      flesch: 46
     summary: The concept of quasi species was described by Eigen et al. to indicate a complex, self-perpetuating population of diverse related entities that act as a whole [4, p. 42; for review, see 5]. [3] have also found multiple viral sequences in the same sample that they attributed to quasi species.
    keywords: deletion; quasi; species
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        item: #1915 of 5187
          id: cord-289282-4oz6r7op
      author: Hon, Kam Lun
       title: Overview: The history and pediatric perspectives of severe acute respiratory syndromes: Novel or just like SARS
        date: 2020-06-01
       words: 3561
      flesch: 51
     summary: Summary of probable SARS cases with onset of illness from The SARS epidemic in Hong Kong Laboratory diagnosis of SARS Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): Development of diagnostics and antivirals Severe acute respiratory syndrome in children Clinical presentations and outcome of severe acute respiratory syndrome in children Severe acute respiratory syndrome among children Severe acute respiratory syndrome in children: Experience in a regional hospital in Hong Kong IpPL-S. Osteonecrosis in children with severe acute respiratory syndrome Clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and short-term outcome of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in children Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in children: epidemiology, presentation and management Childhood SARS in Hong Kong Middle East respiratory syndrome World Health Organization. 19 Follow-up of SARS patients at 6 months after the illness only showed mild residual changes in exercise tolerance and pulmonary function.
    keywords: cases; children; coronavirus; covid-19; novel; patients; sars; symptoms; syndrome
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        item: #1916 of 5187
          id: cord-289332-hvakv08t
      author: Chen, Guoqian
       title: Pathogenic role of HMGB1 in SARS?
        date: 2004-04-30
       words: 1672
      flesch: 29
     summary: The kinetics of HMGB1 release from activated macrophages/monocytes is significantly delayed, with HMGB1 accumulation first detectable at 8 h after stimulation For instance, if immunoassays using anti-HMGB1 antibodies indicate a potential elevation of pulmonary HMGB1 levels in SARS patients, it will support the above hypothesis.
    keywords: acute; hmgb1; release; sars
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        item: #1917 of 5187
          id: cord-289349-imkgpwn0
      author: Qiu, Li
       title: Strong immunity in the early two years of age links to frequent immunization of routine vaccines
        date: 2020-08-08
       words: 2047
      flesch: 45
     summary: The two groups with children aged under 2 years tended to have shorter periods between the first positive SARS-CoV-2 detection and 5 subsequent negative SARS-CoV-2 PCR results than the other groups of older children ( Fig. 1c ). Notably, our study found that children under 2 years old appeared to have stronger immunity against COVID-19 than older children.
    keywords: children; covid-19; immunity; patients; years
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        item: #1918 of 5187
          id: cord-289364-p31gt533
      author: AlFehaidi, Alanoud
       title: A case of SARS-CoV-2 re-infection
        date: 2020-10-25
       words: 967
      flesch: 48
     summary: Our case presented with symptoms, positive contact history and positive swab results with a timeline significantly longer than any reported case. Positive result does not necessitate the presence of infection and viral RNA shedding declines following the resolution of symptoms.
    keywords: pcr; results; sars
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        item: #1919 of 5187
          id: cord-289377-2vqqabum
      author: Yubero, P.
       title: Evidence for immunity to SARS-CoV-2 from epidemiological data series
        date: 2020-07-24
       words: 4974
      flesch: 47
     summary: Theoretical alternative approaches to detecting immunity would be desirable in these circumstances; and in principle identifying immunity times should be as simple as inferring the value of a free parameter by fitting an epidemiological model to field data. We then estimate the capacity of EAKF techniques to infer the duration of this memory and then apply this approach to mortality time series from New York City, discerning immunity times against SARS-CoV-2 with reasonable accuracy.
    keywords: data; epidemic; immunity; license; medrxiv; model; preprint
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        item: #1920 of 5187
          id: cord-289407-8fje16z1
      author: Moore, G.
       title: Detection of SARS-CoV-2 within the healthcare environment: a multicentre study conducted during the first wave of the COVID-19 outbreak in England
        date: 2020-09-25
       words: 4723
      flesch: 48
     summary: [19] [20] [21] The detection of viral RNA in air samples differs with study with some reporting widespread airborne contamination 14, 18, 21 but many reporting low or non-detectable concentrations 13, 15, 16, 19 even in samples collected 10 cm from the face of positive patients. Air samples were taken using two types of active air sampler: a Coriolis µ air sampler (bertin Instruments, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France), operating at 300 L/min and collecting into 15 ml RNase-free phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and an MD8 air sampler (Sartorius, Göttingen, Germany), operating at 50 L/min and collecting onto a gelatine membrane filter.
    keywords: air; cov-2; medrxiv; patients; preprint; rna; samples; sars; surfaces
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        item: #1921 of 5187
          id: cord-289476-8wh3hn0n
      author: Leiker, Brenna
       title: COVID - 19 BRIEF INTRODUCTION IN MENTAL HEALTH CONSIDERATIONS FOR HEALTH CARE WORKERS AND PATIENTS
        date: 2020-07-28
       words: 3756
      flesch: 42
     summary: Keep all used swabs away from the bulk swab container to avoid contamination. Do not use calcium alginate swabs or swabs with wooden shafts, as they may contain substances that inactivate some viruses and inhibit PCR testing.
    keywords: cdc; cov-2; covid-19; infection; patient; sars; specimen; swab; testing
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        item: #1922 of 5187
          id: cord-289490-u0f0zyad
      author: Lumba, Rishi
       title: Neonate Born to a Mother with a Diagnosis of Suspected Intra-Amniotic Infection versus COVID-19 or Both
        date: 2020-07-18
       words: 1446
      flesch: 36
     summary: Intra-amniotic infection, also known as chorioamnionitis or more recently as intra-amniotic infection and inflammation (Triple I) American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with digestive symptoms in Hubei, China: a descriptive, cross-sectional, multicenter study Evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in returning travelers from Wuhan, China Clinical outcome of 55 asymptomatic cases at the time of hospital admission infected with SARS-coronavirus-2 in Shenzhen, China Presumed asymptomatic carrier transmission of COVID-19 Universal screening for SARS-CoV-2 in women admitted for delivery Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records Clinical manifestations and outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy e authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest regarding the publication of this paper.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; infection; sars
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        item: #1923 of 5187
          id: cord-289520-i6pv90s9
      author: Harris, Carlyn
       title: An evidence-based framework for priority clinical research questions for COVID-19
        date: 2020-03-31
       words: 4709
      flesch: 42
     summary: Three bibliographic databases were searched to identify clinical studies published on SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV in the outbreak setting. Overall, clinical characterisation studies commonly found bilateral involvement with ground glass opacity, though a range of presentations were reported [8] [9] [10] 15] .
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; health; mers; novel; outbreak; patients; research; sars; studies
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        item: #1924 of 5187
          id: cord-289522-7u3d6nfc
      author: Ebrahimi, Mina
       title: COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Laboratory Findings, Comorbidities, and Clinical Outcomes Comparing Medical Staff versus the General Population
        date: 2020-10-17
       words: 2463
      flesch: 37
     summary: key: cord-289522-7u3d6nfc authors: Ebrahimi, Mina; Malehi, Amal Saki; Rahim, Fakher title: COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Laboratory Findings, Comorbidities, and Clinical Outcomes Comparing Medical Staff versus the General Population date: 2020-10-17 journal: It has been reported in a case without typical COVID-19 clinical characteristics and laboratory results, that the virus was detected in the stool sample suggesting that suspected cases of COVID-19 where diarrhea was present but no laboratory abnormalities are observed should be considered for follow up COVID-19 testing [37] .
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; medical; patients; staff; studies
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        item: #1925 of 5187
          id: cord-289535-srrfr1es
      author: Tregoning, J. S.
       title: Vaccines for COVID‐19
        date: 2020-10-18
       words: 14346
      flesch: 38
     summary: Identity of blood and tissue leukocytes supporting in vitro infection New insights into the immunopathology and control of dengue virus infection Lack of antibody affinity maturation due to poor Toll-like receptor stimulation leads to enhanced respiratory syncytial virus disease Immunization with SARS coronavirus vaccines leads to pulmonary immunopathology on challenge with the SARS virus Immunization with modified vaccinia virus Ankara-based recombinant vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome is associated with enhanced hepatitis in ferrets Anti-spike IgG causes severe acute lung injury by skewing macrophage responses during acute SARS-CoV infection Molecular mechanism for antibodydependent enhancement of coronavirus entry A perspective on potential antibody-dependent enhancement of SARS-CoV-2 Is there an ideal animal model for SARS? Lovastatin-mediated G1 arrest is through inhibition of the proteasome, independent of hydroxymethyl glutaryl-CoA reductase Caution urged on SARS vaccines Aged BALB/c mice as a model for increased severity of severe acute respiratory syndrome in elderly humans Lethal infection of K18-hACE2 mice infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Development of animal models against emerging coronaviruses: from SARS to MERS coronavirus Blocking transmission of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in llamas by vaccination with a recombinant spike protein Humoral immunogenicity and efficacy of a single dose of ChAdOx1 MERS vaccine candidate in dromedary camels The pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 in hACE2 transgenic mice SARS-CoV-2 infection in farmed minks, the Netherlands Susceptibility of ferrets, cats, dogs, and other domesticated animals to SARS-coronavirus 2 Reinfection could not occur in SARS-CoV-2 infected rhesus macaques Ethical guidelines for deliberately infecting volunteers with COVID-19 Human challenge studies to accelerate coronavirus vaccine licensure SARS-CoV-2 controlled human infection models: ethics, challenge agent production and regulatory issues Effect of dexamethasone in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 Criner GJet al, for the GSUSI. Clinical vaccine trials conventionally undergo four broad Phases, from early safety in small numbers of volunteers (Phase I) to wide-scale post-licensure monitoring (Phase IV).
    keywords: antibodies; antibody; cell; challenge; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; development; disease; dna; human; immune; immunity; infection; mers; mice; phase; protein; responses; rna; sars; spike; studies; syndrome; trials; vaccination; vaccine; virus
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        item: #1926 of 5187
          id: cord-289574-engwi8h3
      author: An, Peng-jiao
       title: Biochemical indicators of coronavirus disease 2019 exacerbation and the clinical implications
        date: 2020-05-23
       words: 3196
      flesch: 30
     summary: Unlike the cytokines profile of SARS patients, COVID-19 patients have a remarkable increase of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 (Table 1) , which has been often seen in HLH patients in previous studies [61, 67, 68] . At the beginning of the epidemic, Huang et al reported that the plasma levels of IL2, IL7, GSCF, CXCL10, MCP1, MIP1A, and TNF-α were higher in COVID-19 patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) than those of COVID-19 patients outside the ICU
    keywords: cells; clinical; coronavirus; covid-19; cytokine; il-6; infection; patients; sars
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        item: #1927 of 5187
          id: cord-289588-n61gz7pi
      author: Samudrala, Pavan Kumar
       title: Virology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and in-line treatment of COVID-19
        date: 2020-07-17
       words: 3903
      flesch: 41
     summary: The Journal 849 of hospital infection Nsp3 of coronaviruses: Structures and functions of a 851 large multi-domain protein Functional assessment of cell entry and receptor 853 usage for SARS-CoV-2 and other lineage B betacoronaviruses Structure of SARS coronavirus spike 856 receptor-binding domain complexed with receptor Molecular immune pathogenesis and 862 diagnosis of COVID-19 Development and Clinical Application of 866 A Rapid IgM-IgG Combined Antibody Test for SARS-CoV-2 Infection Diagnosis Potential preanalytical and analytical 869 vulnerabilities in the laboratory diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Receptor usage and cell entry of porcine epidemic diarrhea coronavirus Hydroxychloroquine, a less toxic derivative of chloroquine, is effective in inhibiting 876 SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro Overlapping and discrete aspects of the pathology and pathogenesis of the 879 emerging human pathogenic coronaviruses SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and 2019-nCoV COVID-19 vaccines: knowing the unknown Neurological Manifestations of Hospitalized Patients with China: a retrospective case series study Coronavirus (COVID-19): managing stress and anxiety Trypsin Treatment Unlocks Barrier for Zoonotic Bat This The clinical symptoms of COVID-19 infection can be seen after 5 to 6 days of incubation 272 which mainly differs from age and immune system of the person.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; infection; novel; pathogenesis; patients; protein; sars; spike
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        item: #1928 of 5187
          id: cord-289598-t8upoq9a
      author: Yoon, Jane C
       title: COVID-19 Prevalence among People Experiencing Homelessness and Homelessness Service Staff during Early Community Transmission in Atlanta, Georgia, April–May 2020
        date: 2020-09-08
       words: 2985
      flesch: 46
     summary: Shelter staff were counseled on best practices to prevent transmission in the shelter. Shelter clients might not have disclosed symptoms due to fears that they would be removed from shelters.
    keywords: cov-2; peh; sars; shelters; staff; testing
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        item: #1929 of 5187
          id: cord-289599-7vsynfgn
      author: Kostoff, Ronald N.
       title: COVID-19 vaccine safety
        date: 2020-09-18
       words: 2715
      flesch: 35
     summary: Questions have been raised as to whether an accelerated vaccine development can be accomplished safely, preventing potential adverse vaccine effects not only in the short-term, but also in the mid-and long-term (https://smartech.gatech.edu/handle/1853/63710). Regulatory Affairs Professionals Society Towards effective cOVId-19 vaccines: Updates, perspectives and challenges (Review)
    keywords: covid-19; effects; mid; population; potential; term; vaccine
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        item: #1930 of 5187
          id: cord-289612-4x5t4c5u
      author: Alsuliman, Tamim
       title: COVID-19 paraclinical diagnostic tools: Updates and future trends
        date: 2020-06-20
       words: 7370
      flesch: 45
     summary: Therefore, it may be important to routinely detect viral RNA in stool specimens of COVID-19 patients during the hospitalization and recovery stage, and to perform transmission-based precautions for patients until the negative conversion of viral RNA in feces. Probably, combining RNA and antibody detections may significantly improve the sensitivity of pathogenic diagnosis for COVID-19 patients (p < 0.001), even in the early phase of 1-week since onset (p = 0.007).
    keywords: assay; cases; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; diagnosis; disease; infection; patients; pcr; results; rna; rrt; sars; study
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        item: #1931 of 5187
          id: cord-289711-4ab3d00h
      author: Yarmarkovich, Mark
       title: Identification of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Epitopes Predicted to Induce Long-term Population-Scale Immunity
        date: 2020-06-08
       words: 5296
      flesch: 29
     summary: 263 Constructs can be designed to contain a combination of optimal B and/or T cell 264 epitopes, or deployed as a construct consisting of the top scoring T cell epitopes to be 265 used in combination with the vaccines currently being developed targeting spike protein 266 in order to drive the adaptive memory response. We further prioritize genomic regions that generate highly dissimilar peptides from the human proteome, and are also predicted to produce B cell epitopes.
    keywords: 33mer; cell; cov-2; epitopes; hla; peptides; population; sars; spike; table; vaccine
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        item: #1932 of 5187
          id: cord-289716-nleql08z
      author: Tsitsilonis, Ourania E.
       title: Seroprevalence of Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 among the Personnel and Students of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece: A Preliminary Report
        date: 2020-09-21
       words: 3235
      flesch: 35
     summary: Although focused on the specific population of NKUA members, our study shows that the prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 Igs for the period June–July 2020 remained low and provides knowledge of public health importance for the NKUA members. Plasma samples were analyzed using the CE-IVD Roche Cobas Elecsys ® Anti-SARS-CoV-2, an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) for the qualitative detection of total Igs (IgG, IgM and IgA; pan-Ig) generated against SARS-CoV-2 (Roche Diagnostics, Indianapolis, IN, USA).
    keywords: cov-2; health; members; nkua; samples; sars; seroprevalence; study
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        item: #1933 of 5187
          id: cord-289719-64ugdvfe
      author: Tenforde, Mark W.
       title: Characteristics of Adult Outpatients and Inpatients with COVID-19 — 11 Academic Medical Centers, United States, March–May 2020
        date: 2020-07-03
       words: 3172
      flesch: 41
     summary: Few studies have systematically collected data on COVID-19 patients from varied health care settings in the United States. A majority of COVID-19 patients reported working during the 2 weeks preceding illness, and few had the ability to telework, underscoring the need for enhanced measures to ensure workplace safety.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; outpatients; patients; sars; symptoms; testing
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        item: #1934 of 5187
          id: cord-289740-nsiycudn
      author: Smithgall, Marie C.
       title: Comparison of Cepheid Xpert Xpress and Abbott ID Now to Roche cobas for the Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-05-13
       words: 2231
      flesch: 45
     summary: Influenza Other Respir Viruses Evaluation of the molecular Xpert Xpress Flu/RSV assay vs. Alere i Influenza A & B assay for rapid detection of influenza viruses Multicenter Clinical Evaluation of the Alere i Respiratory Syncytial Virus Isothermal Nucleic Acid Amplification Assay Direct Comparison of Alere i and cobas Liat Influenza A and B Tests for Rapid Detection of Influenza Virus Infection Table 2: Positive and negative agreement of Abbott ID Now SARS-CoV-2 and Cepheid Xpert Xpress SARS-CoV-2 with Roche cobas SARS Total Total Positive 65 (73.9 Declarations of interest: none J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f However, robust data are lacking on the relative performance of available rapid molecular tests across a full range of viral concentrations.
    keywords: cov-2; sars; xpert
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        item: #1935 of 5187
          id: cord-289813-kq3ayyip
      author: Arnaez, Juan
       title: The Impact of the Current SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic on Neonatal Care
        date: 2020-04-30
       words: 1966
      flesch: 28
     summary: Healthcare providers' perspectives on moral distress The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence Effectiveness of family integrated care in neonatal intensive care units on infant and parent outcomes: a multicentre, multinational, clusterrandomised controlled trial Expert consensus for managing pregnant women and neonates born to mothers with suspected or confirmed novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infection Chinese expert consensus on the perinatal and neonatal management for the prevention and control of the 2019 novel coronavirus infection Perinatal-neonatal management of COVID-19 infection -guidelines of the Federation of Obstetric and Gynecological Societies of India (FOGSI), National Neonatology Forum of India (NNF), and Indian Academy of Pediatrics (IAP) Perinatal aspects on the covid-19 pandemic: a practical resource for perinatal-neonatal specialists Ad interim indications of the Italian Society of Neonatology endorsed by the Union of European Neonatal & Perinatal Societies Available online at US NICUs and donor milk banks brace for COVID-19 Pasteurized donated milk (milk bank) is a crucial resource for intensive care infants whose mothers are unable to provide their own milk temporarily.
    keywords: care; health; infants; neonatal; sars
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        item: #1936 of 5187
          id: cord-289852-4uxb70rh
      author: Kassem, Dina H.
       title: Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Extracellular Vesicles: A Potential Game Changer for the COVID-19 Crisis
        date: 2020-09-30
       words: 6972
      flesch: 34
     summary: Thus, harnessing the immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to ameliorate that cytokine-storm can indeed provide a golden key for the treatment of COVID-19 patients, especially severe cases. Antimicrobial activity of mesenchymal stem cells: current status and new perspectives of antimicrobial peptide-based therapies Immunopathology of SARS-CoV-2 infection: immune cells and mediators, prognostic factors, and immune-therapeutic implications Corticosteroid therapy for critically Ill patients with middle east respiratory syndrome Mesenchymal stromal cell infusion modulates systemic immunological responses in stable COPD patients: a phase I pilot study Expanded umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) as a therapeutic strategy in managing critically ILL COVID-19 patients: the case for compassionate use Mesenchymal stem/stromal cell secretome for lung regeneration: the long way through pharmaceuticalization for the best formulation Human Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells show unique gene expression compared with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells using single-cell RNA-sequencing Immunoinformatics-aided identification of T cell and B cell epitopes in the surface glycoprotein of 2019-nCoV Secretome of mesenchymal stromal cells prevents myofibroblasts differentiation by transferring fibrosis-associated microRNAs within extracellular vesicles Remdesivir for the treatment of covid-19 -preliminary report Extracellular vesicles, exosomes and shedding vesicles in regenerative medicine -a new paradigm for tissue repair International society for extracellular vesicles and international society for cell and gene therapy statement on extracellular vesicles from mesenchymal stromal cells and other cells: considerations for potential therapeutic agents to suppress coronavirus disease-19 Pathogenic role of HMGB1 in SARS?
    keywords: cells; cov-2; covid-19; cytokine; et al; immune; infection; lung; mesenchymal; mscs; patients; sars; stem; storm
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        item: #1937 of 5187
          id: cord-289890-sf2uxubd
      author: Rushworth, S. A.
       title: Performance and health economic evaluation of the Mount Sinai COVID-19 serological assay identifies modification of thresholding as necessary to maximise specificity of the assay
        date: 2020-06-12
       words: 3956
      flesch: 46
     summary: To further understand the results from the two unexpected Mount Sinai assay SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody positive patient samples from our auto-antibody control group, we next performed the SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody assay using the same serum on our Abbott SARS-CoV-2 IgG system. Finally, we conducted a health economic probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA) on the costs of producing the tests, and the mean cost we estimate to be 13.63 pounds sterling (95%CI 9.63 - 18.40), allowing its cost effectiveness to be tested against other antibody tests.
    keywords: antibody; assay; cov-2; covid-19; patients; preprint; samples; sars; test
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        item: #1938 of 5187
          id: cord-289892-yh1lioyz
      author: Bai, Bingke
       title: Virus-Like Particles of SARS-Like Coronavirus Formed by Membrane Proteins from Different Origins Demonstrate Stimulating Activity in Human Dendritic Cells
        date: 2008-07-16
       words: 5461
      flesch: 49
     summary: The observed difference in DC-stimulating activity between BVLPs and SARS CoV VLPs was very likely due to the S protein. Therefore, we compared the phenotypic and functional changes of immature DCs inoculated with BVLPs or with SARS CoV VLPs.
    keywords: bvlps; cells; coronavirus; cov; dcs; human; protein; sars; study
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        item: #1939 of 5187
          id: cord-289905-dvl2pud2
      author: Gan, Rosemary
       title: COVID-19 as a Viral Functional ACE2 Deficiency Disorder with ACE2 Related Multi-organ Disease
        date: 2020-06-23
       words: 4360
      flesch: 29
     summary: This group of patients may well carry higher risk for COVID-19 renal disease. The viral destruction of ACE2 expressing cells may lead to the profound loss of the protective AT(1-7) effects in an environment of ATII effect dominance (Fig. 1) .
    keywords: ace2; angiotensin; cells; covid-19; disease; patients; risk; sars; thrombosis
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        item: #1940 of 5187
          id: cord-289947-z2dw2eaz
      author: Wong, River Chun-Wai
       title: Evaluation on testing of deep throat saliva and lower respiratory tract specimens with Xpert Xpress SARS-CoV-2 assay
        date: 2020-08-16
       words: 802
      flesch: 52
     summary: Emerg Microbes Infect Deep throat saliva as an alternative diagnostic specimen type for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 Saliva as an Alternate Specimen Source for Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Symptomatic Patients Using Cepheid Xpert Xpress SARS-CoV-2 Saliva as a Noninvasive Specimen for Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Posterior oropharyngeal saliva for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 Multicenter Evaluation of the Cepheid Xpert Xpress SARS-CoV-2 Test Clinical Evaluation of Three Sample-to-Answer Platforms for Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Brief validation of the novel GeneXpert Xpress SARS We would like to thank all the technical staff who provide technical assistance and contribute to SARS-CoV-2 testing in our department. Xpert® Xpress SARS-CoV-2 assay is only validated on nasopharyngeal specimens for detection of SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: assay; sars; xpress
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        item: #1941 of 5187
          id: cord-290001-603qy8ml
      author: Pimentel, Lígia L.
       title: Cholesterol, inflammation, and phospholipids: COVID-19 share traits with cardiovascular disease
        date: 2020-10-17
       words: 1839
      flesch: 35
     summary: Thus, this research letter aims to present and discuss the current information about observed changes in lipid metabolites in COVID-19 patients. Interestingly, many research studies had reported that COVID-19 patients, previously presented comorbidities as type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases (CVD)
    keywords: cells; covid-19; disease; patients; sars; system
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        item: #1942 of 5187
          id: cord-290056-x74cq2k5
      author: Delgado-Roche, Livan
       title: Oxidative Stress as Key Player in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) infection
        date: 2020-04-30
       words: 1913
      flesch: 33
     summary: Respiratory viral infections are, in general, associated with cytokine production, inflammation, cell death, and other pathophysiological processes, which could be link with a redox imbalance or oxidative stress. Respiratory viral infections are, in general, associated with cytokine production, inflammation, cell death, and other pathophysiological processes, which could be link with a redox imbalance or oxidative stress (OS).
    keywords: acute; cov; oxidative; patients; sars; stress
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        item: #1943 of 5187
          id: cord-290066-umthoftd
      author: Jia, Xingwang
       title: False Negative RT-PCR and False Positive Antibody Tests ——Concern and Solutions in the Diagnosis of COVID-19
        date: 2020-10-08
       words: 519
      flesch: 39
     summary: False negative RT-PCR and false positive antibody tests are a concern. We also identified five patients with false antibody results, who had nasopharyngeal carcinoma, colon cancer, duodenal carcinoma, diabetes, and diffuse bronchitis, respectively.
    keywords: antibody; sars
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        item: #1944 of 5187
          id: cord-290068-s1gdbsfx
      author: Hon, KLE
       title: Clinical presentations and outcome of severe acute respiratory syndrome in children
        date: 2003-05-17
       words: 1902
      flesch: 52
     summary: All paediatric patients had clinically important lymphopenia, 3 Clinical features and treatment outcomes among SARS children children. We adopted a treatment regimen of ribavirin and steroids similar to that used in adult SARS patients.
    keywords: children; patients; sars
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        item: #1945 of 5187
          id: cord-290123-scd9u8ix
      author: Mustafa, Mujahed I.
       title: Cytokine Storm in COVID-19 Patients, Its Impact on Organs and Potential Treatment by QTY Code-Designed Detergent-Free Chemokine Receptors
        date: 2020-09-23
       words: 3559
      flesch: 38
     summary: The main advantage of QTY receptors is to serve as an antibody-like structure to decrease the excessive cytokine levels related with cytokine storm syndrome in COVID-19 infection. The novel coronavirus is not only causing respiratory problems, but it may also damage the heart, kidneys, liver, and other organs; in Wuhan, 14 to 30% of COVID-19 patients have lost their kidney function and now require either dialysis or kidney transplants.
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; covid-19; cytokine; disease; patients; qty; receptors; sars; storm
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        item: #1946 of 5187
          id: cord-290148-6cxndab8
      author: Rossi, Gian Paolo
       title: Potential harmful effects of discontinuing ACE-inhibitors and ARBs in COVID-19 patients
        date: 2020-04-06
       words: 3173
      flesch: 23
     summary: Compelling evidence from animal models of ARDS, lung fibrosis, asthma, and chronic obstructive lung disease indicate that these effects are essential for ARDS to develop and that both ACEIs and ARBs block the disease-propagating effect of Ang II (Dhawale et al., 2016; Imai et al., 2005; Kaparianos and Argyropoulou, 2011) . Thus, blunting the ACE-1-Ang II-AT 1 R axis while enhancing the ACE-1-Ang II-AT 2 R, the ACE-2-Ang(1-7)-AT 2 R or the ACE-2-Ang(1-7)-MasR receptor axes ( Figure 1 , panel B) likely protects from ARDS triggered by infectious pathogens, including coronaviruses (Dhawale et al., 2016; Imai et al., 2005; Kaparianos and Argyropoulou, 2011; Meng et al., 2014) .
    keywords: angiotensin; converting; patients; receptor; sars
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        item: #1947 of 5187
          id: cord-290170-s6wjitfo
      author: Kuhrt, Katy
       title: Placental abruption in a twin pregnancy at 32 weeks’ gestation complicated by COVID-19, without vertical transmission to the babies.
        date: 2020-05-08
       words: 306
      flesch: 50
     summary: Outcome 186 of Coronavirus spectrum infections (SARS, MERS, COVID 1 -19) during 187 pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis MERS-CoV Infection in a Pregnant Woman in Korea Infection With SARS-CoV-2 in 33 Neonates Born to Mothers With COVID-19 in 198 Possible Vertical Transmission 202 of SARS-CoV-2 From an Infected Mother to Her Newborn Evaluating the accuracy 206 of different respiratory symptoms in the laboratory diagnosis and monitoring the 207 viral shedding of 2019-nCoV infections Placental 210 abruption in twin pregnancies, risk factors and perinatal outcomes key: cord-290170-s6wjitfo authors: Kuhrt, Katy; McMicking, Jess; Nanda, Surabhi; Nelson-Piercy, Catherine; Shennan, Andrew title: Placental abruption in a twin pregnancy at 32 weeks’ gestation complicated by COVID-19, without vertical transmission to the babies.
    keywords: covid-19; sars
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        item: #1948 of 5187
          id: cord-290195-8uaai9nv
      author: Stebbing, Justin
       title: Mechanism of baricitinib supports artificial intelligence‐predicted testing in COVID‐19 patients
        date: 2020-05-30
       words: 6616
      flesch: 39
     summary: Collectively, this limited case series provides preliminary evidence that baricitinib treatment may lower inflammatory burden and may result in a reduction in disease severity in COVID-19 patients. Following the recent publications by Stebbing et al.(Richardson et al., 2020a, Stebbing et al., 2020) , COVID-19 patients were treated with baricitinib in a pilot study in Milan, Italy.
    keywords: anti; baricitinib; cells; cov-2; covid-19; cytokine; data; disease; et al; fig; human; il-6; patients; sars; treatment
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        item: #1949 of 5187
          id: cord-290209-gkx57lyq
      author: Losurdo, Pasquale
       title: Impact of lockdown for SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) on surgical site infection rates: a monocentric observational cohort study
        date: 2020-09-14
       words: 4098
      flesch: 39
     summary: Care bundles and prevention of surgical site infection in colorectal surgery Intraoperative surgical site infection control and prevention: a position paper and future addendum to WSES intra-abdominal infections guidelines Effect of the application of a bundle of three measures (intraperitoneal lavage with antibiotic solution, fascial closure with Triclosan-coated sutures and Mupirocin ointment application on the skin staples) on the surgical site infection after elective laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery Modification of the World Health Organization global guidelines for prevention of surgical site infection is needed Intraoperative interventions for preventing surgical site infection: an overview of Cochrane Reviews Knowledge, awareness, and attitude towards infection prevention and management among surgeons: identifying the surgeon champion 2018: a focus on surgical antibiotic prophylaxis prolongation A proposal for a comprehensive approach to infections across the surgical pathway A comprehensive updated review on SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Cluster randomised controlled trial to examine medical mask use as source control for people with respiratory illness Societa Italiana di Anestesia Analgesia Rianimazione e Terapia Intensiva Airway Management Research G. Prevention is better than the cure, but the cure cannot be worse than the disease: fibreoptic tracheal intubation in COVID-19 patients The Italian coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak: recommendations from clinical practice Postoperative surgical site infections: understanding the discordance between surveillance systems CDC/NHSN surveillance definition of health care-associated infection and criteria for specific types of infections in the acute care setting CDC definitions of nosocomial surgical site infections, 1992: a modification of CDC definitions of surgical wound infections Early arrhythmic events in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy Prognostic modeling with logistic regression analysis: in search of a sensible strategy in small data sets Confidence intervals after multiple imputation: combining profile likelihood information from logistic regressions An introduction to recursive partitioning: rationale, application, and characteristics of classification and regression trees, bagging, and random forests Strategies to prevent surgical site infections in acute care hospitals: 2014 update A randomized trial comparing skin antiseptic agents at cesarean delivery Discordance between perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis and wound infection cultures in patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy Randomized controlled trial of two alcohol-based preparations for surgical site antisepsis in colorectal surgery Risk factors and prediction model for inpatient surgical site infection after major abdominal surgery A novel, validated risk score to predict surgical site infection after pancreaticoduodenectomy Impact of surgical site infection on healthcare costs and patient outcomes: a systematic review in six European countries Risk factors for superficial vs deep/organ-space surgical site infections: implications for quality improvement initiatives Surgical site infections after colorectal surgery: do risk factors vary depending on the type of infection considered? Updated recommendations for control of surgical site infections A statewide assessment of surgical site infection following colectomy: the role of oral antibiotics Mechanical bowel preparation for elective colorectal surgery. Surgical site infections (SSIs) are the most common in-hospital acquired infections, adding up to 46.4% of all infections, as reported by the CDC [1] .
    keywords: covid-19; era; infection; patients; risk; sars; site; ssis; study; surgery
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        item: #1950 of 5187
          id: cord-290218-dvyeg5fk
      author: Jiang, Yi
       title: RNA-dependent RNA polymerase: Structure, mechanism, and drug discovery for COVID-19
        date: 2020-09-04
       words: 2259
      flesch: 38
     summary: Remdesivir is a direct-acting antiviral that inhibits RNA-dependent RNA polymerase from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 with high potency High-throughput screening identification of poliovirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitors Favipiravir: Pharmacokinetics and Concerns About Clinical Trials for 2019-nCoV Infection Analysis of therapeutic targets for SARS-CoV-2 and discovery of potential drugs by computational methods High throughput virtual screening reveals SARS-CoV-2 multi-target binding natural compounds to lead instant therapy for COVID-19 treatment SARS-CoV-2 RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) targeting: an in silico perspective All third-party financial support for the work in the submitted manuscript All financial relationships with any entities that could be viewed as relevant to the general area of the submitted manuscript All sources of revenue with relevance to the submitted work who made payments to you, or to your institution on your behalf Any other interactions with the sponsor of outside of the submitted work should also be reported. China Novel Coronavirus, T. Research, A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Identifying SARS-CoV-2-related coronaviruses in Malayan pangolins Probable Pangolin Origin of SARS-CoV-2 Associated with the COVID-19 Outbreak Polymerase as a Target for COVID-19 Drug Discovery Structural basis for the recognition of SARS-CoV-2 by full-length human ACE2 Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation Structure of the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain bound to the ACE2 receptor Structural basis of receptor recognition by SARS-CoV-2 Structure, Function, and Antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein Tracking Changes in SARS-CoV-2 Spike: Evidence that D614G Increases Infectivity of the COVID-19 Virus Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro Washington State -nCo, First Case of 2019 Novel Coronavirus in the United States Broad-spectrum antiviral GS-5734 inhibits both epidemic and zoonotic coronaviruses Structure of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase from COVID-19 virus Structural basis for inhibition of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase from SARS-CoV-2 by remdesivir Structural Basis for RNA Replication by the SARS-CoV-2 Polymerase Structural and Biochemical Characterization of the nsp12-nsp7-nsp8 Core Polymerase Complex from SARS-CoV-2 Structural basis for translational shutdown and immune evasion by the Nsp1 protein of SARS-CoV Nonstructural protein 1 of SARS-CoV-2 is a potent pathogenicity factor redirecting host protein synthesis machinery toward viral RNA Crystal structure of the SARS-CoV-2 non-structural protein 9 Structures of the SARS-CoV-2 Endoribonuclease Nsp15 The crystal structure of nsp10-nsp16 heterodimer from SARS-CoV-2 in complex with S-adenosylmethionine One severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus protein complex integrates processive RNA polymerase and exonuclease activities Structure of the SARS-CoV nsp12 polymerase bound to nsp7 and nsp8 co-factors Emerging SARS-CoV-2 mutation hot spots include a novel RNA-dependent-RNA polymerase variant RdRp mutations are associated with SARS-CoV Crystal structure of Zika virus NS5 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase Structural Insights into Bunyavirus Replication and Its Regulation by the vRNA Promoter Insights into SARS-CoV transcription and replication from the structure of the nsp7-nsp8 hexadecamer Viral replication.
    keywords: complex; polymerase; rdrp; replication; rna; sars; structure
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        item: #1951 of 5187
          id: cord-290254-m9l8ntur
      author: Rodriguez-Manzano, J.
       title: A handheld point-of-care system for rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 in under 20 minutes
        date: 2020-06-30
       words: 5626
      flesch: 47
     summary: In this work, we report the development of a rapid PoC diagnostic test (< 20 min) based on reverse transcriptase loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) and semiconductor technology for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 from extracted RNA samples. To evaluate performance of the proposed diagnostic test compared to reference methods, a total of 183 extracted RNA samples from nasopharyngeal, throat and nose swabs were screened by RT-qLAMP and RT-qPCR (CDC assay) (9) .
    keywords: amplification; assay; cov-2; detection; fig; poc; qlamp; qpcr; rna; samples; sars; sequences
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        item: #1952 of 5187
          id: cord-290257-2u228xe9
      author: Hsu, Chih-Cheng
       title: Confidence in controlling a SARS outbreak: Experiences of public health nurses in managing home quarantine measures in Taiwan
        date: 2006-05-05
       words: 3085
      flesch: 45
     summary: On May 26, 2003, 1 questionnaire was mailed to each of the 361 health centers to be completed by the head nurse or the nurse in charge of SARS epidemic control. One section of the questionnaire was designed to collect baseline information, including (1) demographics, (2) number of quarantined cases managed and responsibilities within the previous week (itemizing quarantine-related extra workload), and (3) the date the nurses predicted SARS epidemic would end.
    keywords: control; epidemic; health; nurses; public; sars; taiwan
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        item: #1953 of 5187
          id: cord-290277-ndfoppoq
      author: Bahl, Prateek
       title: Airborne or droplet precautions for health workers treating COVID-19?
        date: 2020-04-16
       words: 3498
      flesch: 52
     summary: Management of ill travellers at points of entryinternational airports, seaports and ground crossings -in the context of COVID-19 outbreak: interim guidance World Health Organization Cluster randomised controlled trial to examine medical mask use as source control for people with respiratory illness Interim Healthcare Infection Prevention and Control Recommendations for Patients Under Investigation for 2019 Novel Coronavirus Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement Study on transport characteristics of saliva droplets calm indoor environment How far droplets can move in indoor environments -revisiting the Wells evaporation-falling curve Theoretical analysis of the motion and evaporation of exhaled respiratory droplets of mixed composition Violent expiratory events: On coughing and sneezing Enhanced spread of expiratory droplets by turbulence in a cough jet Evaporation and dispersion of respiratory droplets from coughing. A systematic review was conducted for evidence of horizontal distance travelled by respiratory droplets, using the PRISMA criteria
    keywords: control; droplet; health; sars; studies
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        item: #1954 of 5187
          id: cord-290290-wyx9ib7s
      author: Sinegubova, Maria V.
       title: High-level expression of the monomeric SARS-CoV-2 S protein RBD 320-537 in stably transfected CHO cells by the EEF1A1-based plasmid vector
        date: 2020-11-05
       words: 6012
      flesch: 43
     summary: We developed a simple purification scheme that consistently yielded up to 30 mg of RBD protein per liter of the simple shake flask cell culture. This All cell populations, secreting RBD proteins, were analyzed by the quantitative PCR and it was found, that increased productivity of populations, adapted to higher concentrations of MTX corresponds to higher copy numbers of target gene (Fig 3C) .
    keywords: antigen; cell; cho; cov-2; culture; days; domain; expression; fig; protein; rbd; rbdv2; sars; spike; target; tests
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        item: #1955 of 5187
          id: cord-290333-996tmrgo
      author: Chiu, Cheng-Hsun
       title: Fecal microbiota transplantation and donor screening for Clostridioides difficile infection during COVID-19 pandemic
        date: 2020-07-23
       words: 1051
      flesch: 45
     summary: Emerging infections program Clostridioides difficile infection working group Clostridioides difficile in COVID-19 patients Optimization of fecal sample processing for microbiome studyeThe journey from bathroom to bench Covid-19 and immunomodulation in IBD Screening of faecal microbiota transplant donors during the COVID-19 outbreak: suggestions for urgent updates from an international expert panel Safety alert regarding use of fecal microbiota for transplantation and additional safety protections pertaining to SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Screening faecal microbiota transplant donors for SARS-CoV-2 by molecular testing of stool is the safest way forward Additional safety protections relating to COVID-19 for faecal microbiota transplant (FMT) products OpenBiome updates on COVID-19 Screening FMT donors during the COVID-19 pandemic: a protocol for stool SARS-CoV-2 viral quantification Drug-resistant E. coli bacteremia transmitted by fecal microbiota transplant Drug-resistant bacteremia after fecal microbiota transplant Characteristics of patients with asymptomatic vs symptomatic coronavirus disease While there is currently little evidence for an increased frequency or severity of CDI in COVID-19 patients, death has been reported in patients with co-infection.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; sars
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        item: #1956 of 5187
          id: cord-290378-h4cof32m
      author: Guy, Tiphaine
       title: High-flow nasal oxygen: a safe, efficient treatment for COVID-19 patients not in an ICU
        date: 2020-08-28
       words: 1396
      flesch: 47
     summary: Of the 4 unweaned patients, 2 remained on HFNO unit and 2 were transferred to the ICU. Above all, the experience of HCWs with HFNO management and continued training in anti-airborne precautions undoubtedly help minimize the risk of contamination in the respiratory unit.
    keywords: hfno; icu; patients; sars
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        item: #1957 of 5187
          id: cord-290414-8i8g0xdc
      author: Chuan, Ong Sze
       title: Do slit lamp shields and face masks protect ophthalmologists amidst COVID-19?
        date: 2020-06-21
       words: 398
      flesch: 41
     summary: key: cord-290414-8i8g0xdc authors: Chuan, Ong Sze; Bin Razali, Muhammad Azri; Shaffiee, Lyana; Xing, Yap Jun; Yin Fei, Terrence Tay; Chee, Loon Seng; Koh, Victor title: Do slit lamp shields and face masks protect ophthalmologists amidst COVID-19? date: 2020-06-21 journal: Ophthalmology DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2020.06.031 sha: doc_id: 290414 cord_uid: 8i8g0xdc Unlike face masks which provided some protection against both aerosols and droplets, slit lamp shields conferred protection only against direct large droplet transmission, with a limited role in reducing aerosol transmission risk. However, there is lack of 4 evidence regarding the true efficacy of slit lamp shields.
    keywords: lamp; slit
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        item: #1958 of 5187
          id: cord-290428-zrlqzbss
      author: de Faria Coelho-Ravagnani, Christianne
       title: Dietary recommendations during the COVID-19 pandemic
        date: 2020-07-12
       words: 6421
      flesch: 39
     summary: Furthermore, water intake comes mostly from beverages (about 75%) and food intake (about 25%), especially from fresh food such as fruits and vegetables. Consume other foods of animal origin in moderation; Consume nuts, seeds, and olive oil; Avoid processed foods and fast food NA NA ASBRAN (2020) 13
    keywords: covid-19; diet; disease; food; fruits; guidelines; health; immune; nutrition; pandemic; risk; vegetables; vitamin; water; zinc
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        item: #1959 of 5187
          id: cord-290429-0d34abdo
      author: Elengoe, Asita
       title: COVID-19 Outbreak in Malaysia
        date: 2020-06-17
       words: 1336
      flesch: 52
     summary: The Star Malaysia Braces for Coronavirus Infections to Peak in Mid Cases in Malaysia 'likely to peak soon The Straits Times COVID-19: Increase of total cases are not the 'third wave' -Health DG COVID-19: MOH detects new cluster in Sendayan The origin, transmission, and clinical therapies on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak -An update on the status A review of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) Coronavirus disease (COVID-2019) situation reports Clinical Virology An overview of their replication and pathogenesis Human coronaviruses: A review of virus-host interactions Characterization of spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 on virus entry and its immune cross-reactivity with SARS-CoV ViPR: An open bioinformatics database and analysis resource for virology research Detection and full genome characterization of two beta CoV viruses related to Middle East respiratory syndrome from bats in Italy Systematic comparison of two animal-to-human transmitted human coronaviruses: SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV Differences and similarities between Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)-CoronaVirus (CoV) and SARS-CoV-2. Would a rose by another name smell as sweet? From SARS to MERS, thrusting coronaviruses into the spotlight Epidemiology, causes, clinical manifestation and diagnosis, prevention, and control of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) during the early outbreak period: a scoping review COVID-19: A new challenge for human beings Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China Asymptomatic carrier state, acute respiratory disease, and pneumonia due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): Facts and myths Learning from the past: possible urgent prevention and treatment options for severe acute respiratory infections caused by 2019-nCoV Drug treatment options for the 2019-new coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Chloroquine, and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of COVID-19 with or without diabetes: a systematic search and a narrative review with a special reference to India and other developing countries Covid-19 (Maklumat Terkini).
    keywords: cases; coronavirus; covid-19; malaysia; sars
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        item: #1960 of 5187
          id: cord-290443-naulq6q7
      author: Battistoni, Allegra
       title: Might renin–angiotensin system blockers play a role in the COVID-19 pandemic?
        date: 2020-04-14
       words: 2225
      flesch: 42
     summary: Implications to SARS-CoV-2-related cardiovascular complications Upregulation of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 after myocardial infarction by blockade of angiotensin II receptors Perinatally administered losartan augments renal ACE2 expression but not cardiac or renal Mas receptor in spontaneously hypertensive rats Urinary angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in hypertensive patients may be increased by olmesartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker Renin-angiotensin system blockers and the COVID-19 pandemic: at present there is no evidence to abandon renin-angiotensin system blockers Effects of spironolactone and eprosartan on cardiac remodeling and angiotensin-converting enzyme isoforms in rats with experimental heart failure COVID-19 and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers: what is the evidence? Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in lung diseases A crucial role of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in SARS coronavirus-induced lung injury Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 protects from severe acute lung failure ACE2 and microbiota: emerging targets for cardiopulmonary disease therapy Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury by regulating the balance between angiotensin-converting enzyme and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and inhibiting mitogen-activated protein kinase activation Rapid response: use of angiotensin receptor blockers such as telmisartan, losartsan in nCoV Wuhan corona virus infections-novel mode of treatment. ACE, angiotensin converting enzyme; ACE2, angiotensin converting enzyme type 2; ACEi, ACE inhibitors; AT I, angiotensin I; AT II, angiotensin II; AT 1-9, angiotensin 1-9; AT 1-7, angiotensin 1-7; AT1R, angiotensin type I receptor; AT2R, angiotensin type 2 receptor; ARB, angiotensin type I receptor inhibitors.
    keywords: ace2; angiotensin; covid-19; enzyme; lung; sars
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        item: #1961 of 5187
          id: cord-290445-vb53bih9
      author: Ahmed, Shiek SSJ
       title: Interplay of host regulatory network on SARS-CoV-2 binding and replication machinery
        date: 2020-04-23
       words: 3796
      flesch: 37
     summary: This result confirms the hijack of host hub proteins and their molecular pathways for SARS-CoV2 machinery. For instance, eight differentially expressed hub proteins were noticed in the receptor-mediated network (S1 Table) .
    keywords: cov-2; cov2; host; hubs; network; proteins; receptor; replication; sars
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        item: #1962 of 5187
          id: cord-290472-w77cmljm
      author: Sharon, Donald
       title: Systems Biology Approaches to Disease Marker Discovery
        date: 2010-06-09
       words: 8676
      flesch: 33
     summary: Traditionally, discovery and detection of these disease markers relied on low throughput technologies such as Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbant Assay (ELISA) or 2D-gel plus Edman degradation for protein markers, Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) for mRNA markers, and restriction enzyme digestion, cloning and Sanger sequencing for DNA markers. Overall, this study demonstrated for the first time that protein microarrays could be used to diagnose and monitor human antibodies as protein markers that are generated during the course of a disease.
    keywords: autoantibodies; autoantibody; breast; cancer; detection; discovery; disease; genome; identification; markers; mass; microarrays; patients; protein; rna; samples; sequencing; serum; studies; technology
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        item: #1963 of 5187
          id: cord-290598-wquwtovs
      author: li, s.
       title: Seroprevalence of immunoglobulin M and G antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in ophthalmic patients
        date: 2020-09-23
       words: 1769
      flesch: 40
     summary: In order to understanding the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and ocular diseases, estimating the prevalence of the COVID-19 in ocular disease patients is urgently needed. In this study, we assay the IgG and IgM antibodies in ocular disease patients undiagnosed COVID-19 (people have no symptom of COVID-19 and negative result for viral RNA testing) to estimate the seropositivity rate in different type of ocular disease.
    keywords: cov-2; diseases; patients; sars
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        item: #1964 of 5187
          id: cord-290671-6p23qxb8
      author: Jiang, Shibo
       title: An emerging coronavirus causing pneumonia outbreak in Wuhan, China: calling for developing therapeutic and prophylactic strategies
        date: 2020-01-31
       words: 1136
      flesch: 32
     summary: A peptide derived from the HR2 domain of SARS-CoV S protein (SC-1) can interact with HR1 region in viral S protein to form heterologous 6-HB, resulting in the inhibition of homologous 6-HB formation between HR1 and HR2 domains in viral S protein and thus blocking the viral fusion with the host cell [6] . The RBDs of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV contain multiple conformation-dependent neutralizing epitopes that induce more potent neutralizing antibodies and protective efficacy against SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV infections, respectively, than other regions in S protein [5, 8, 9] .
    keywords: cov; ncov; sars
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        item: #1965 of 5187
          id: cord-290677-3gdcyrrz
      author: De Virgiliis, Francesco
       title: Lung innervation in the eye of a cytokine storm: neuroimmune interactions and COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-25
       words: 6117
      flesch: 22
     summary: These cells show distinct transcriptional signatures, including CD169 + CD11c − and MHCII hi , as well as high expression of genes involved in communication with nerve cells, such as C1q and CX3CR1. This, in turns, disrupts mitochondrial metabolism and results in permanent neurolysis, making this drug potentially toxic for nerve cells and pulmonary neuroimmune homeostasis.
    keywords: cells; covid-19; fibres; immune; infection; lung; nerve; patients; receptor; response; sars; vagus; virus
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        item: #1966 of 5187
          id: cord-290687-kc7t1y5o
      author: Ray, Soumi
       title: Susceptibility and Sustainability of India against CoVid19: a multivariate approach
        date: 2020-04-21
       words: 4769
      flesch: 58
     summary: The countries which experienced higher death rate (as well as death) had the minimum temperature below 0°C as shown in figure 1 . The countries with high death rate had highest day temperature in between 17 to 25 degree centigrade as per figure 2.
    keywords: cases; covid19; death; impact; india; pandemic; parameters; rate
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        item: #1967 of 5187
          id: cord-290690-53t7df81
      author: Roberts, David J.
       title: Life in Times of COVID‐19
        date: 2020-05-13
       words: 1448
      flesch: 55
     summary: Although this outbreak was much smaller than the current COVID-19 epidemic, there are some striking similarities between the problems faced by blood services in Canada in 2003 and those faced by many blood services facing COVID-19, with considerable difficulties in collection of blood, matched by a reduction in demand. Similarly, the methods developed by Dr Lee in the SARS epidemic in 2002 described in this issue, have enable Hong Kong to maintain the blood supply in this COVID-19 pandemic and have been shared by webinar and have helped many blood services cope with the current crisis (https://education.isbtweb.org/isbt/#!*menu=8*browseby=8*sortby=2*label=19776) (Accessed 1st May 2020).
    keywords: blood; covid-19; epidemic; services
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        item: #1968 of 5187
          id: cord-290744-m0vpizuh
      author: Kindler, E.
       title: Interaction of SARS and MERS Coronaviruses with the Antiviral Interferon Response
        date: 2016-09-09
       words: 7239
      flesch: 32
     summary: Translation is initiated at the start codon of ORF1a and may continue to ORF1b via a ribosomal frameshift mechanism, ultimately giving rise to two overlapping replicase polyproteins pp1a and pp1ab Perlman and Netland, 2009; Snijder et al., 2003; Thiel et al., 2003) . Moreover, ORF1b harbors several RNA-processing enzymes, including a 3 0 -5 0 exonuclease and a guanosine N7-methyltransferase (associated with the N-and C-terminal domains, respectively, of nsp14), an endoribonuclease (nsp15) and a 2 0 -O-methyltransferase (nsp16) (Chen et al., 2009; Decroly et al., 2008; Ivanov et al., 2004; Kindler and Thiel, 2014; Minskaia et al., 2006; Perlman and Netland, 2009; Snijder et al., 2003; Thiel et al., 2003; Zust et al., 2011) .
    keywords: antiviral; cells; coronavirus; cov; et al; host; human; ifn; induction; interferon; mers; pkr; protein; respiratory; rna; sars; syndrome; type
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        item: #1969 of 5187
          id: cord-290758-kz0qfy3r
      author: Hui, David S.
       title: The continuing 2019-nCoV epidemic threat of novel coronaviruses to global health — The latest 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China
        date: 2020-02-29
       words: 1317
      flesch: 39
     summary: Once there is any clue to the source of animals being responsible for this outbreak, global public health authorities should examine the trading route and source of movement of animals or products taken from the wild or captive conditions from other parts to Wuhan and consider appropriate trading restrictions or other control measures to limit. key: cord-290758-kz0qfy3r authors: Hui, David S.; I Azhar, Esam; Madani, Tariq A.; Ntoumi, Francine; Kock, Richard; Dar, Osman; Ippolito, Giuseppe; Mchugh, Timothy D.; Memish, Ziad A.; Drosten, Christian; Zumla, Alimuddin; Petersen, Eskild title: The continuing 2019-nCoV epidemic threat of novel coronaviruses to global health — The latest 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China date: 2020-02-29 journal: International Journal of Infectious Diseases DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.01.009 sha: doc_id: 290758 cord_uid: kz0qfy3r nan The continuing 2019-nCoV epidemic threat of novel coronaviruses to global health -The latest 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China The city of Wuhan in China is the focus of global attention due to an outbreak of a febrile respiratory illness due to a coronavirus 2019-nCoV. In December 2019, there was an outbreak of pneumonia of unknown cause in Wuhan, Hubei province in China, with an epidemiological link to the Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market where there was also sale of live animals.
    keywords: 2019; health; ncov; novel
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        item: #1970 of 5187
          id: cord-290776-l6ajq6vp
      author: Frithiof, Robert
       title: Presence of SARS-CoV-2 in urine is rare and not associated with acute kidney injury in critically ill COVID-19 patients
        date: 2020-09-29
       words: 993
      flesch: 51
     summary: Finally, the low concentration of viral RNA in a limited number of patients prevents definitive conclusions regarding mechanisms of viral urinary secretion. Nucleic acid was extracted from urine samples using NucliSENS® eMAG® (bioMerieux), and the amount of viral RNA was quantitated by detection of SARS-CoV-2 E and N-genes using real-time RT-PCR according to previously described protocols
    keywords: patients; sars; urine
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        item: #1971 of 5187
          id: cord-290792-ggcz1zfw
      author: Qutob, N.
       title: Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in Palestine: a cross-sectional seroepidemiological study
        date: 2020-09-01
       words: 2055
      flesch: 48
     summary: Coronavirus disease 2019, known as COVID-19, is an infectious respiratory disease caused by novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 1 . It is also noteworthy that previous studies have indicated that asymptomatic individuals were reported to have a weaker immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and a higher percentage of asymptomatic individuals became seronegative when compared to symptomatic individuals in the early recovering phases.
    keywords: antibodies; cov-2; population; sars; seroprevalence; study
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        item: #1972 of 5187
          id: cord-290796-x9xqqcj6
      author: Stefanelli, P.
       title: Longevity of seropositivity and neutralizing titers among SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals after 4 months from baseline: a population-based study in the province of Trento
        date: 2020-11-13
       words: 3144
      flesch: 44
     summary: A subset of anti-NC IgG positive samples was tested with the neutralization test. A decline of anti-NC IgG values was recorded 4 months after the first evaluation.
    keywords: anti; antibodies; cov-2; igg; preprint; sars
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        item: #1973 of 5187
          id: cord-290802-761wqgbe
      author: Zhao, Zheng
       title: Structural Insights into the Binding Modes of Viral RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerases Using a Function-Site Interaction Fingerprint Method for RNA Virus Drug Discovery
        date: 2020-09-18
       words: 3891
      flesch: 45
     summary: A step towards discovering and designing allosteric kinase inhibitors across the human kinome Structural Insights into Characterizing Binding Sites in Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Kinase Mutants Delineation of Polypharmacology across the Human Structural Kinome Using a Functional Site Interaction Fingerprint Approach Revealing Acquired Resistance Mechanisms of Kinase-Targeted Drugs Using an on-the-Fly, Function-Site Interaction Fingerprint Approach A robust and efficient algorithm for the shape description of protein structures and its application in predicting ligand binding sites Detecting evolutionary relationships across existing fold space, using sequence order-independent profileprofile alignments TM-align: a protein structure alignment algorithm based on the TM-score Fast protein structure alignment using Gaussian overlap scoring of backbone peptide fragment similarity Calculating and scoring high quality multiple flexible protein structure alignments Structural interaction fingerprint (SIFt): a novel method for analyzing three-dimensional protein-ligand binding interactions Pythonbased Protein-Ligand Interaction Fingerprinting Optimizing fragment and scaffold docking by use of molecular interaction fingerprints sc-PDB: an annotated database of druggable binding sites from the Protein Data Bank IChem: To summarize, we characterized RDRP binding pockets, suggesting four classes of binding modes (classes I−IV).
    keywords: binding; class; drug; figure; interaction; ligand; motif; rdrp; rna; sars
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        item: #1974 of 5187
          id: cord-290813-6ylwj5je
      author: Ng, Enders K. O.
       title: Molecular Diagnosis of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
        date: 2006
       words: 3129
      flesch: 46
     summary: Severe acute respiratory syndrome Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Identification of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Canada Aetiology: Koch's postulates fulfilled for SARS virus Newly discovered coronavirus as the primary cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Clinical progression and viral load in a community outbreak of coronavirus-associated SARS pneumonia: a prospective study Coronavirus genomic-sequence variations and the epidemiology of the severe acute respiratory syndrome Characterization of a novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome The genome sequence of the SARS-associated coronavirus Rapid diagnosis of a coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Early diagnosis of SARS coronavirus infection by real time RT-PCR Quantitative analysis and prognostic implication of SARS coronavirus RNA in the plasma and serum of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Serial analysis of the plasma concentration of SARS coronavirus RNA in pediatric patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Detection of SARS coronavirus RNA in the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient with severe acute respiratory syndrome Detection of hepatitis B virus DNA by real-time PCR using TaqMan-MGB probe technology TaqMan amplification system with an internal positive control for HCV RNA quantitation Absolute quantification of mRNA using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays ) mRNA of placental origin is readily detectable in maternal plasma Severe acute respiratory syndrome in children: An early study reported that SARS-CoV RNA was detected in 32% of nasopharyngeal aspirates from SARS patients studied at a mean of 3.2 d after the onset of illness, and the detection rate increased to 68% at d 14 (7).
    keywords: cov; pcr; rna; sars; serum; time
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        item: #1975 of 5187
          id: cord-290845-bf1q4k6t
      author: Bouchghoul, Hanane
       title: Do pregnant women have protective immunity against COVID‐19?
        date: 2020-06-24
       words: 475
      flesch: 36
     summary: Furthermore, as SARS-CoV-2 infection can activate innate and adaptive immune responses with severe consequences, pregnant women could be preserved by the state of immunomodulation during pregnancy. As in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, the serious complication is acute respiratory distress syndrome and ventilation of the mother may be difficult in the third trimester of pregnancy; it is certainly possible that the decision to delivery by an elective caesarean section was influenced by the understandable anxiety towards the potential consequences.
    keywords: pregnancy; sars
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        item: #1976 of 5187
          id: cord-290851-1e5e033r
      author: Gerlier, Denis
       title: Emerging zoonotic viruses: new lessons on receptor and entry mechanisms
        date: 2011-06-12
       words: 2756
      flesch: 35
     summary: Emerging and reemerging diseases: a historical perspective Emerging infections: a perpetual challenge An historical overview that allows easy understanding of the 'emerging infection Global trends in emerging infectious diseases Trilogy of ace2: a peptidase in the renin-angiotensin system, a sars receptor, and a partner for amino acid transporters A review describing known physiological functions of ACE2 that allow the understanding of its key role in the severe lung injury induced by SARS-CoV Ectodomain shedding of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 in human airway epithelia Angiotensinconverting enzyme 2 protects from severe acute lung failure of nipah virus in an experimentally infected cat Nipah virus infection: pathology and pathogenesis of an emerging paramyxoviral zoonosis Structural and biophysical characterization of the ephb4*ephrinb2 proteinprotein interaction and receptor specificity Crystal structure of an eph receptor-ephrin complex Functional studies of hostspecific ephrin-b ligands as henipavirus receptors A neutralizing human monoclonal antibody protects against lethal disease in a new ferret model of acute nipah virus infection Feline model of acute nipah virus infection and protection with a soluble glycoprotein-based subunit vaccine A quantitative and kinetic fusion protein-triggering assay can discern distinct steps in the nipah virus membrane fusion cascade Nipah virus entry can occur by macropinocytosis Simulating henipavirus multicycle replication in a screening assay leads to identification of a promising candidate for therapy The sh2/sh3 adaptor grb4 transduces b-ephrin reverse signals Tyrosine phosphorylation of transmembrane ligands for eph receptors Virus entry by macropinocytosis A useful review describing the molecular machinery of macropinocytosis and defining molecular criteria required for validating the use of this entry pathway by viruses Vaccinia virus uses macropinocytosis and apoptotic mimicry to enter host cells Adenovirus triggers macropinocytosis and endosomal leakage together with its clathrin-mediated uptake Subversion of ctbp1-controlled macropinocytosis by human adenovirus serotype 3 Dendritic cell function at low physiological temperature Tpcs: endolysosomal channels for ca2+ mobilization from acidic organelles triggered by naadp Effects of monovalent cations on semliki forest virus entry into bhk-21 cells Chimeric measles viruses with a foreign envelope Stable transduction of quiescent t cells without induction of cycle progression by a novel lentiviral vector pseudotyped with measles virus glycoproteins Pseudotyping lentiviral vectors with the wild-type measles virus glycoproteins improves titer and selectivity Ebola haemorrhagic fever Processing of the ebola virus glycoprotein by the proprotein convertase furin Endoproteolytic processing of the ebola virus envelope glycoprotein: cleavage is not required for function A novel mechanism for lsectin binding to ebola virus surface glycoprotein through truncated glycans Different potential of c-type lectin-mediated entry between marburg virus strains Lsectin interacts with filovirus glycoproteins and the spike protein of sars coronavirus Interactions of lsectin and dc-sign/dc-signr with viral ligands: differential ph dependence, internalization and virion binding Steric shielding of surface epitopes and impaired immune recognition induced by the ebola virus glycoprotein Ebolavirus glycoprotein gp masks both its own epitopes and the presence of cellular surface proteins Downregulation of beta1 integrins by ebola virus glycoprotein: implication for virus entry The primed ebolavirus glycoprotein (19-kilodalton gp1,2): sequence and residues critical for host cell binding Soluble GP and mutagenesis rationally designed from prefusion GP 3D structure allowed the detailed delineation of the RBR of EboV GP1 A system for functional analysis of ebola virus glycoprotein Cell adhesion-dependent membrane trafficking of a binding partner for the ebolavirus glycoprotein is a determinant of viral entry Emerging zoonotic viruses: new lessons on receptor and entry mechanisms Gerlier 33 www.sciencedirect.com [4 ] , and ensures the viral-cell membrane fusion that allows virus entry.
    keywords: ace2; binding; cell; ebov; entry; glycoprotein; macropinocytosis; receptor; sars; virus
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        item: #1977 of 5187
          id: cord-290863-f0wpsaip
      author: Tenforde, Mark W.
       title: Symptom Duration and Risk Factors for Delayed Return to Usual Health Among Outpatients with COVID-19 in a Multistate Health Care Systems Network — United States, March–June 2020
        date: 2020-07-31
       words: 2976
      flesch: 43
     summary: Whereas previous studies have found race/ethnicity to be a risk factor for severe COVID-19 illness (10) , this study of patients whose illness was diagnosed in an outpatient setting did not find an association between race/ethnicity and return to usual health although the modest number of respondents might have limited our ability to detect associations. Generalized estimating equation regression models with exchangeable correlation structure accounting for clustering by site were fitted to evaluate the association between baseline characteristics and return to usual health, adjusting for potential a priori-selected confounders.
    keywords: covid-19; date; days; health; respondents; symptoms; testing
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        item: #1978 of 5187
          id: cord-290895-tb0xald0
      author: Indu, Purushothaman
       title: Raltegravir, Indinavir, Tipranavir, Dolutegravir, and Etravirine against main protease and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of SARS-CoV-2: A molecular docking and drug repurposing approach
        date: 2020-10-26
       words: 2638
      flesch: 47
     summary: In this study, 3D structures of FDA approved small molecule antiviral drugs were retrieved from PubChem and unavailable 3D structures for antiviral drugs were developed using the chemical tool box Open Babel Drug repurposing strategy helps to find out the drugs for COVID-19 treatment from existing FDA approved antiviral drugs.
    keywords: covid-19; drugs; fda; indinavir; rdrp; sars; study
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        item: #1979 of 5187
          id: cord-290904-ngvhk0qy
      author: Zheng, Zhiqiang
       title: Monoclonal antibodies for the S2 subunit of spike of SARS-CoV-1 cross-react with the newly-emerged SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-07-16
       words: 4490
      flesch: 49
     summary: In particular, mAb 1A9 was demonstrated to detect S protein in SARS-CoV-2-infected cells and is suitable for use in a sandwich ELISA format. Binding to S protein was observed for all four mAbs with 1A9 showing the strongest binding ( Figure 3B ).
    keywords: 1a9; antibodies; binding; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; mabs; protein; sars; sequence; subunit
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        item: #1980 of 5187
          id: cord-290948-cuu78cvl
      author: Imbert, Isabelle
       title: The SARS-Coronavirus PLnc domain of nsp3 as a replication/transcription scaffolding protein
        date: 2008-02-05
       words: 7117
      flesch: 43
     summary: Interestingly, nsp10 also interacts with nsp9, a single-stranded RNA binding protein (Egloff et al., 2004; Su et al., 2006; Sutton et al., 2004) that in turn interacts with nsp8, the putative RNA primase (Imbert et al., 2006) . One of them reveals a unique spherical dodecamer architecture (Su et al., 2006) and the other shows a monomer (Joseph et al., 2006) .
    keywords: coronavirus; cov; domain; et al; gst; hybrid; interactions; nsp12; nsp3; nsp8; nsp9; protein; replication; rna; sars; yeast
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        item: #1981 of 5187
          id: cord-290950-v28kilvn
      author: Peyrony, Olivier
       title: Surfaces and equipment contamination by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in the Emergency Department at a university hospital
        date: 2020-08-07
       words: 3160
      flesch: 51
     summary: This high positivity rate may be explained by the highest proportion of samples that were made in patient care areas, medical equipment and PPE just after COVID-19 patient care. In patient care areas, 5/46 (10.9%) of the surfaces directly in contact with COVID-19 patients revealed the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA, and 4/56 (7.1%) of the surfaces that were not directly in contact with COVID-19 patients were positive.
    keywords: care; cov-2; covid-19; patient; rooms; sars; surfaces
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        item: #1982 of 5187
          id: cord-290978-e7imc11r
      author: Shevachman, M.
       title: A Long-Lasting Sanitizing Skin Protectant based on CAGE, a Choline and Geranic Acid Eutectic
        date: 2020-08-07
       words: 4792
      flesch: 45
     summary: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.04.20161067 doi: medRxiv preprint The encouraging results obtained from the bactericidal efficacy studies, motivated us to test IonLAST TM against hCoV229E. As theorized, CG-101 was able to deactivate the virus, generating excellent virucidal efficacy against hCoV229E. IonLAST TM generated >4.00 log10 reductions in viral titers following 15s and 30s exposure. The concentration of CG-101 was 20 times higher than that used in IonLAST TM .
    keywords: cg-101; ionlast; license; medrxiv; preprint; sars; study; subjects; test
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        item: #1983 of 5187
          id: cord-290993-bsnja161
      author: McAuliffe, Josephine
       title: Replication of SARS coronavirus administered into the respiratory tract of African Green, rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys
        date: 2004-12-05
       words: 4551
      flesch: 43
     summary: Mucosal immunization of nonhuman primates with an attenuated parainfluenza virus expressing the SARS coronavirus spike protein for the prevention of SARS A comparison in chimpanzees of the immunogenicity and efficacy of live attenuated respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) temperature-sensitive mutant vaccines and vaccinia virus recombinants that express the surface glycoproteins of RSV Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome African green monkeys provide a useful nonhuman primate model for the study of human parainfluenza virus types-1,-2, and-3 infection Aetiology: Koch's postulates fulfilled for SARS virus Effects of a SARSassociated coronavirus vaccine in monkeys Pegylated interferonalpha protects type 1 pneumocytes against SARS coronavirus infection in macaques A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS virus infection of cats and ferrets Virulence of avian influenza A viruses for squirrel monkeys Immunologic phenomena in the effusive form of feline infectious peritonitis Clinical progression and viral load in a community outbreak of coronavirus-associated SARS pneumonia: a prospective study National Microbiology Laboratory, Canada and Canadian Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Study Team Pathogenesis of influenza A (H5N1) virus infection in a primate model SARS coronavirus infection of golden Syrian hamsters The recombinant chimeric human parainfluenza virus type 1 vaccine candidate, rHPIV3-1cp45, is attenuated, immunogenic, and protective in African green monkeys Prior infection and passive transfer of neutralizing antibody prevent replication of SARS coronavirus in the respiratory tract of mice Susceptibility of pigs and chickens to SARS coronavirus Pathogenesis of feline infectious peritonitis: nature and development of viremia Pathogenesis of feline infectious peritonitis: pathologic changes and immunofluorescence In three of four SARS-CoV-infected AGMs, virus titers in TL samples did not accurately reflect the titer of virus present in tracheal or lung tissue (Table 2 ) and consistently higher titers of virus were seen in lung, tracheal, or nasal turbinate tissue homogenates than in NT swabs or TL samples (Table 2) .
    keywords: agms; cov; day; infection; monkeys; replication; sars; virus
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        item: #1984 of 5187
          id: cord-291012-y0ufzx93
      author: Ye, Qing
       title: SARS-CoV-2 infection causes transient olfactory dysfunction in mice
        date: 2020-11-10
       words: 1864
      flesch: 31
     summary: Interestingly, some respiratory viruses, such as influenza virus, respiratory syncytial CoV-2 infection on olfactory system, groups of 6-8 weeks old hACE2 mice were 81 intranasally infected with 5.4 × 10 5 plaque-forming units (PFU) of SARS-CoV-2. Robust viral nucleocapsid (N) protein was detected in the 89 lung from SARS-CoV-2 infected hACE2 mice, but not from the control animals 90 ( Figure S1B ).
    keywords: cells; cov-2; dpi; olfactory; positive; sars
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        item: #1985 of 5187
          id: cord-291014-cfnoxhtd
      author: Zheng, Jian
       title: Immune responses in influenza A virus and human coronavirus infections: an ongoing battle between the virus and host
        date: 2018-02-28
       words: 4404
      flesch: 21
     summary: Nevertheless, the role of epigenetic modification during respiratory virus infection is not well understood; the application of phosphoproteomics to characterization of the human macrophage response to IAV infection [113] serves as a model for future studies. [63] Nuclear import and export machinery IAV IAV have evolved different mechanisms to utilize importin-alpha isoforms, affecting importation on both sides of the nuclear envelope.
    keywords: cells; cov; host; iav; infection; influenza; memory; mers; protein; responses; role; sars; virus; viruses
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        item: #1986 of 5187
          id: cord-291024-9g4om4sf
      author: Isakbaeva, Elmira T.
       title: SARS-associated Coronavirus Transmission, United States
        date: 2004-02-17
       words: 3673
      flesch: 48
     summary: Communicable Disease Surveillance and Response (CSR) Cluster of severe acute respiratory syndrome cases among protected health care workers-Toronto A cluster of cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) at Amoy Gardens, Kowloon Bay, Hong Kong: main findings of the investigation Severe acute respiratory syndrome-Singapore Updated interim surveillance case definition for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-United States Interim laboratory biosafety guidelines for handling and processing specimens associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Investigation of a nosocomial outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Toronto, Canada Epidemiological determinants of spread of causal agent of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Clinical course and management of SARS in health care workers in Toronto: a case series Clinical progression and viral load in a community outbreak of coronavirus-associated SARS pneumonia: a prospective investigation Address for correspondence: Elmira Isakbaeva Routine collection and testing of stool and sputum specimens of probable SARS case-patients may help the early detection of SARS-CoV infection.
    keywords: case; cov; household; illness; patient; sars; specimens
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        item: #1987 of 5187
          id: cord-291028-ejidqmpm
      author: Montero Feijoo, A.
       title: Recomendaciones prácticas para el manejo perioperatorio del paciente con sospecha o infección grave por coronavirus SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-03-17
       words: 4606
      flesch: 39
     summary: En caso de necesidad de traslado, el paciente debe usar una mascarilla facial durante el mismo. No se recomienda administrar corticoides sistémicos de forma rutinaria para el tratamiento del SDRA o de la neumonitis viral a menos que estén indicados por otra razón 16 significativos en la supervivencia, mientras que su uso se asoció a efectos adversos como la mayor incidencia de infección y el retraso en la eliminación del virus.
    keywords: casos; china; como; con; coronavirus; cov-2; debe; del; epi; infección; las; los; manejo; mascarilla; paciente; para; personal; por; protección; que; quirófano; realizará; sars; tratamiento; una; ventilación
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        item: #1988 of 5187
          id: cord-291047-mpahl77t
      author: Alm, Erik
       title: Geographical and temporal distribution of SARS-CoV-2 clades in the WHO European Region, January to June 2020
        date: 2020-08-13
       words: 3699
      flesch: 31
     summary: While Nextstrain and GISAID clade nomenclatures aim at providing a broad-brush categorisation of globally circulating diversity, the lineages (cov-lineages.org) are meant to correspond to outbreaks. [1] [2] [3] [4] , the number of available sequences has rapidly increased to more than 63,000 complete genome sequences available in GISAID as at 10 July [5] .
    keywords: alexander; clades; countries; data; david; distribution; european; gisaid; lineages; maria; matthew; nextstrain; nomenclatures; pandemic; region; sars; sequences; surveillance; time; tree
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        item: #1989 of 5187
          id: cord-291052-nstfe15a
      author: Cag, Yasemin
       title: A novel approach to managing COVID-19 patients; results of lopinavir plus doxycycline cohort
        date: 2020-08-27
       words: 1937
      flesch: 50
     summary: In other words, if not correctly managed, this panic had the potential to consume hospital resources reserved for severe patients. key: cord-291052-nstfe15a authors: Cag, Yasemin; Icten, Sacit; Isik-Goren, Burcu; Baysal, Naciye Betul; Bektas, Begum; Selvi, Ece; Ergen, Pinar; Aydin, Ozlem; Ucisik, Ayse Canan; Yilmaz-Karadag, Fatma; Caskurlu, Hulya; Akarsu-Ayazoglu, Tulin; Kocoglu, Hasan; Uzman, Sinan; Nural-Pamukcu, Muge; Arslan, Ferhat; Bas, Gurhan; Kalcioglu, Mahmut Tayyar; Vahaboglu, Haluk title: A novel approach to managing COVID-19 patients; results of lopinavir plus doxycycline cohort date: 2020-08-27 journal:
    keywords: cases; covid-19; doxycycline; lopinavir; patients; treatment
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        item: #1990 of 5187
          id: cord-291076-p350i54m
      author: Wang, Renxi
       title: The role of C5a in acute lung injury induced by highly pathogenic viral infections
        date: 2015-05-06
       words: 5804
      flesch: 34
     summary: The complement-activated product C5a is a strong chemoattractant and is involved in the recruitment of inflammatory cells such as neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes, and T lymphocytes, in activation of phagocytic cells and release of granulebased enzymes and generation of oxidants. In lung fibroses, inflammatory cells produce a significantly greater amount of ROS.
    keywords: acute; ali; c5a; cells; complement; cytokines; h5n1; infection; influenza; injury; lung; role; virus
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        item: #1991 of 5187
          id: cord-291113-iizj932l
      author: Cumbo, Enzo
       title: Alternative Methods of Sterilization in Dental Practices Against COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-08
       words: 7444
      flesch: 33
     summary: This procedure allows people to stay in the room when the device is turned on, because there is no exposure to dangerous radiation, so air sterilization can be done for several hours without any risk. Product = Perfection Pathogen transfer and high variability in pathogen removal by detergent wipes Tables of Ozone Properties Inactivation of Norovirus by ozone gas in conditions relevant to healthcare Air Pollution and Respiratory Viral Infection Ozone gas is an effective and practical antibacterial agent Health effects of ozone: a critical review Ozone as Janus: this controversial gas can be either toxic or medically useful Evaluation of the risk of infection through exposure to aerosols and spatters in dentistry Research progress on correlation between influence factors and disinfection time of ultraviolet ray air disinfection Experiences about air disinfection by negative aeroions A new method for collecting airborne allergens Dynamics of infectious disease transmission by inhalable respiratory droplets Aerosol transmission of influenza A virus: a review of new studies A review of air filtration technologies for sustainable and healthy building ventilation Effectiveness of indoor air cleaning with corona ionizers The effect of air ionization on the air-borne transmission of experimental Newcastle disease virus infections in chickens Ionizing air affects influenza virus infectivity and prevents airborne-transmission
    keywords: air; dental; ozone; particles; present; radiation; room; sterilization; studies; surfaces; transmission; viruses
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        item: #1992 of 5187
          id: cord-291149-j70b7kyi
      author: Leuzinger, K.
       title: Epidemiology and precision of SARS-CoV-2 detection following lockdown and relaxation measures
        date: 2020-09-23
       words: 5515
      flesch: 48
     summary: Although we cannot exclude that the median time to undetectable NOPS viral load may be shorter in a-or oligosymptomatic infections than in our patients, the 99.9% decline within 10 days in all 261 patients or in a subgroup of 79 patients with very high sampling density and their median time to undetectable SARS-CoV-2 in NOPS at 14 days (IQR 9 -20) after diagnosis provides some orientation for confirmatory diagnostics and infection control measures. Despite continuing testing, the cumulative number of SARS-CoV-2 confirmed cases plateaued at approximately 1'300 by calendar week 18 ( Figure 3B ).
    keywords: cov-2; loads; medrxiv; nops; patients; preprint; roche; sars; version
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        item: #1993 of 5187
          id: cord-291156-zxg3dsm3
      author: Bernasconi, Anna
       title: Empowering Virus Sequences Research through Conceptual Modeling
        date: 2020-05-01
       words: 4605
      flesch: 34
     summary: The manuscript is organized as follows: Section 2 overviews current technologies available for virus sequence data management. Many other resources link to viral sequence data, including: drug databases, particularly interesting as they provide information about clinical studies (see ClinicalTrials 10 ), protein sequences databases (e.g., UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot [32] ), and cell lines databases (e.g., Cellosaurus [3] ).
    keywords: cov2; covid-19; data; database; entity; genomic; information; model; sars; sequence; vcm; virus
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        item: #1994 of 5187
          id: cord-291176-evb6yt0r
      author: Giorgi Rossi, Paolo
       title: Characteristics and outcomes of a cohort of COVID-19 patients in the Province of Reggio Emilia, Italy
        date: 2020-08-27
       words: 4569
      flesch: 42
     summary: key: cord-291176-evb6yt0r authors: Giorgi Rossi, Paolo; Marino, Massimiliano; Formisano, Debora; Venturelli, Francesco; Vicentini, Massimo; Grilli, Roberto title: Characteristics and outcomes of a cohort of COVID-19 patients in the Province of Reggio Emilia, Italy date: 2020-08-27 journal: PLoS One DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238281 sha: doc_id: 291176 cord_uid: evb6yt0r This is a population-based prospective cohort study on archive data describing the age- and sex-specific prevalence of COVID-19 and its prognostic factors. The cohort of COVID-19 patients includes all symptomatic patients who tested positive with PCR between February 27 and April 2, 2020.
    keywords: age; covid-19; death; disease; hospitalization; patients; risk; study
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        item: #1995 of 5187
          id: cord-291190-f6km3c7z
      author: Nasi, Aikaterini
       title: Reactive oxygen species as an initiator of toxic innate immune responses in retort to SARS-CoV-2 in an ageing population, consider N-acetylcysteine as early therapeutic intervention
        date: 2020-06-18
       words: 3004
      flesch: 32
     summary: Hereby, based on literature review from the current pandemic and previous outbreaks with corona viruses we analyze the impact of the virus infection on cell stress responses and redox balance. Hereby, based on literature review from the current pandemic and previous outbreaks with corona viruses we analyze the impact of the virus infection on cell stress responses and redox balance.
    keywords: cell; covid-19; infection; production; responses; ros; sars; stress
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        item: #1996 of 5187
          id: cord-291194-cl3nu5cm
      author: DURDAĞI, Serdar
       title: Virtual drug repurposing study against SARS-CoV-2 TMPRSS2 target
        date: 2020-06-21
       words: 2153
      flesch: 48
     summary: The small molecules from NCGC-NIH Chemical Genomics Center Pharmaceutical Collection (i.e. NPC library) were used in virtual screening studies at the active site of developed TMPRSS2 model target protein. key: cord-291194-cl3nu5cm authors: DURDAĞI, Serdar title: Virtual drug repurposing study against SARS-CoV-2 TMPRSS2 target date: 2020-06-21 journal:
    keywords: compounds; docking; sars; simulations; target; tmprss2
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        item: #1997 of 5187
          id: cord-291222-n8kgsz2e
      author: Park, Benjamin J.
       title: Lack of SARS Transmission among Healthcare Workers, United States
        date: 2004-02-17
       words: 2401
      flesch: 40
     summary: We conducted an investigation of healthcare workers exposed to laboratory-confirmed SARS patients in the United States to evaluate infection-control practices and possible SARS-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) transmission. Potential droplet- and aerosol-generating procedures were infrequent: 5% of healthcare workers manipulated a patient’s airway, and 4% administered aerosolized medication.
    keywords: exposure; healthcare; patients; sars; workers
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        item: #1998 of 5187
          id: cord-291248-0kuc9jv9
      author: Al-Sehemi, Abdullah G.
       title: Potential of NO donor furoxan as SARS-CoV-2 main protease (M(pro)) inhibitors: in silico analysis
        date: 2020-07-08
       words: 5028
      flesch: 36
     summary: As seen from Figure 10A -C less residue wise energy contribution is observed for control whereas, significant high values (especially electrostatics and polar solvation) are observed for complexes M pro -22 and M pro -26 thus reflecting the strong binding nature of 22, 26 towards SARS-CoV-2 M pro structure. The best docking pose was selected on the basis of the docking score, binding energy and types of interactions.
    keywords: binding; complexes; control; docking; figure; pro; sars; structure; x77
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        item: #1999 of 5187
          id: cord-291264-akuvt5ig
      author: Schnichels, Sven
       title: Kann SARS-CoV-2 das Auge infizieren? – Ein Überblick über den Rezeptorstatus in okularem Gewebe
        date: 2020-06-24
       words: 2794
      flesch: 54
     summary: Dies deckt sich mit einer weiteren Studie, in der ACE2 mittels Western-Blot in der humanen Netzhaut nachgewiesen wurde Die Färbung von ACE2 war im oberflächlichen Epithel der Binde-und Hornhaut sowie im Limbus besonders auffällig.
    keywords: ace2; auch; cov-2; den; der; des; die; eine; expression; infection; ist; mit; receptor; sars; tissue; tmprss2; und; von; werden; wurde
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        item: #2000 of 5187
          id: cord-291281-ygrh8ces
      author: Durner, J.
       title: Critical Questions when Interpreting Coronavirus PCR Diagnostics
        date: 2020-06-14
       words: 1914
      flesch: 52
     summary: At this time, it cannot be clarified for SARS-CoV-2 whether or not there is a risk that can be eliminated of infection for contact persons despite PCR detection of the virus. This indicates that a healing of COVID-19 cannot be proven by PCR examination.
    keywords: medrxiv; pcr; preprint; sars; sensitivity
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        item: #2001 of 5187
          id: cord-291315-y40s45iv
      author: Logunov, Denis Y
       title: Safety and immunogenicity of an rAd26 and rAd5 vector-based heterologous prime-boost COVID-19 vaccine in two formulations: two open, non-randomised phase 1/2 studies from Russia
        date: 2020-09-04
       words: 5736
      flesch: 45
     summary: Thus, the presence of a pre-existing immune response to the components of vaccine vectors rAd26 and rAd5 does not affect the titre of RBD-specific antibodies in the serum of participants. [30] The incidence of adverse events in our studies was slightly lower than in other work; a comparative clinical study with other vaccines is needed to confirm these findings.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; days; participants; phase; rad26; rad5; sars; study; vaccination; vaccine; volunteers
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        item: #2002 of 5187
          id: cord-291323-kbjyd5g3
      author: Kang, Yuan-Lin
       title: Inhibition of PIKfyve kinase prevents infection by Zaire ebolavirus and SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-08-25
       words: 5313
      flesch: 38
     summary: These inhibitors include Apilimod (19) , Vacuolin-1 (18), a series of 30 Vacuolin-related The membrane fusion proteins of viral pathogens as diverse in their replication strategies as coronaviruses and filoviruses depend, for their functional activity, on proteolytic processing during cell entry. Cell entry of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 depends on the protease TMPRSS2 in conjunction with ACE2 (34) (35) (36) (37) , and, when TMPRSS2 is present, the entry pathway becomes insensitive to cathepsin inhibition (34, 37, 38) .
    keywords: apilimod; cells; cov-2; endosomal; entry; infection; kinase; megfp; npc1; pikfyve; sars; virus; vsv; zebov
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        item: #2003 of 5187
          id: cord-291356-df5n5v09
      author: Verma, Saguna
       title: ACE2 receptor expression in testes: implications in coronavirus disease 2019 pathogenesis
        date: 2020-05-19
       words: 1282
      flesch: 43
     summary: In addition, virus may infect SC, another ACE2 expressing cell type in the seminiferous tubules. Novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in humans: A scoping review and meta-analysis Structure analysis of the receptor binding of 2019-nCoV Single cell RNA sequencing of 13 human tissues identify cell types and receptors of human coronaviruses scRNA-seq profiling of human testes reveals the presence of the ACE2 receptor, a target for SARS-CoV-2 infection in Spermatogonia Angiotensin-converting enzymes play a dominant role in fertility No evidence of SARS-CoV-2 in semen of males recovering from COVID-19 Absence of 2019 novel coronavirus in semen and testes of COVID-19 patients Effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection upon male gonadal function: A single center-based study Orchitis:
    keywords: ace2; cov-2; covid-19; sars
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        item: #2004 of 5187
          id: cord-291360-z19ri377
      author: Lan, Fan-Yun
       title: COVID-19 symptoms predictive of healthcare workers’ SARS-CoV-2 PCR results
        date: 2020-06-26
       words: 4357
      flesch: 45
     summary: Positive assay results represented detection of SARS--CoV2 RNA, while for negative results, the virus was not detected. Table 3 shows the counts and percentages of HCWs with positive and negative assays, and age-and sex-adjusted odds ratios for increasing numbers of total reported symptoms.
    keywords: assays; cov-2; covid-19; hcws; pcr; sars; symptoms
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        item: #2005 of 5187
          id: cord-291361-2vn1o7ag
      author: Li, Jing
       title: Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of three family clusters of COVID-19 transmitted by latent patients in China
        date: 2020-07-06
       words: 3628
      flesch: 47
     summary: However, the lymphocyte counts of sporadic cases were significantly lower than those of family cluster cases ((1.32 ± 0.55) × This study revealed that sporadic cases had lower levels of albumin and lymphocyte counts than family cluster cases; otherwise, there were no significant differences in terms of other epidemiological characters and clinical features between the two groups.
    keywords: cases; cluster; coronavirus; family; generation; patients; sars
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        item: #2006 of 5187
          id: cord-291363-re45w37d
      author: Sanville, Bradley
       title: A Community Transmitted Case of Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome due to SARS CoV2 in the United States
        date: 2020-03-30
       words: 1312
      flesch: 43
     summary: While the majority of COVID-19 cases were identified within our patient's age group years), only 18.5% of severe cases were from this age group. Those over the age of 65 comprised 49.2% of severe cases 6, 9 .
    keywords: coronavirus; cov2; novel; patient; sars
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        item: #2007 of 5187
          id: cord-291374-1bpcj9dw
      author: Pernazza, Angelina
       title: Early histologic findings of pulmonary SARS-CoV-2 infection detected in a surgical specimen
        date: 2020-04-30
       words: 1653
      flesch: 36
     summary: Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan Radiological findings from 81 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome Pulmonary pathology of early-phase 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia in two patients with lung cancer A clinicopathological study of three cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Chest CT findings in cases from the cruise ship Modeling the early events of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in vitro Clinical pathology and pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome Lung pathology and pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome: a report of six full autopsies 0 0 5 ) Immunohistochemical study of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus in tissue sections of patients Evolution of pulmonary pathology in severe acute respiratory syndrome Lung pathology of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): a study of 8 autopsy cases from Singapore Sex difference and smoking predisposition in patients with COVID-19 Comorbidity and its impact on 1590 patients with Covid-19 in China: a nationwide analysis Active smoking is not associated with severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) key: cord-291374-1bpcj9dw authors: Pernazza, Angelina; Mancini, Massimiliano; Rullo, Emma; Bassi, Massimiliano; De Giacomo, Tiziano; Rocca, Carlo Della; d’Amati, Giulia title: Early histologic findings of pulmonary SARS-CoV-2 infection detected in a surgical specimen date: 2020-04-30 journal: Virchows Arch DOI: 10.1007/s00428-020-02829-1 sha: doc_id: 291374 cord_uid: 1bpcj9dw Despite the current pandemic season, reports on pathologic features of coronavirus disease 19 (Covid-19) are exceedingly rare at the present time.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; infection; sars
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        item: #2008 of 5187
          id: cord-291388-tt9eq7e0
      author: Wang, Jann-Tay
       title: Clinical Manifestations, Laboratory Findings, and Treatment Outcomes of SARS Patients
        date: 2004-05-17
       words: 4357
      flesch: 47
     summary: We conducted a prospective study on the clinical, radiologic, and hematologic findings of SARS patients with pneumonia, who were admitted to National Taiwan University Hospital from March 8 to June 15, 2003. We conducted a prospective study on the clinical, radiologic, and hematologic findings of SARS patients with pneumonia, who were admitted to National Taiwan University Hospital (NTUH) from March 8 to June 15, 2003 .
    keywords: crp; death; disease; findings; level; patients; sars; study
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        item: #2009 of 5187
          id: cord-291393-iht5zndl
      author: De Angelis, Giulia
       title: Confirmed or unconfirmed cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Italian patients: a retrospective analysis of clinical features
        date: 2020-10-19
       words: 2722
      flesch: 42
     summary: Additionally, the proportion of ARDS in the group of COVID-19 confirmed patients was significantly higher than in the group of COVID-19 unconfirmed patients. We tested the hypothesis that negative patients did not differ from SARS-CoV-2 RNA positive patients by comparing features of 165 cases with clinically diagnosed 2019-nCoV pneumonia in our hospital.
    keywords: cases; covid-19; ncov; patients; pneumonia; respiratory; sars
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        item: #2010 of 5187
          id: cord-291397-look6ddt
      author: Roberto, Palumbo
       title: Current treatment of COVID-19 in renal patients: hope or hype?
        date: 2020-09-28
       words: 5842
      flesch: 41
     summary: Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Trial Version 7) Hydroxychloroquine, a less toxic derivative of chloroquine, is effective in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro RETRACTED: Hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine with or without a macrolide for treatment of COVID-19: a multinational registry analysis Effect of high vs low doses of chloroquine diphosphate as adjunctive therapy for patients hospitalized with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection: a randomized clinical trial Zika virus cell tropism in the developing human brain and inhibition by azithromycin Evaluation of Ebola virus inhibitors for drug repurposing Saudi critical care trials group, macrolides in critically ill patients with middle east respiratory syndrome Azithromycin for hospitalized patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19, HAHPS (NCT04329832) Latest version Azithromycin for COVID-19 Treatment in Outpatients Nationwide, ACTION (NCT04332107) Latest version Surviving sepsis campaign: guidelines on the management of critically Ill adults with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) key: cord-291397-look6ddt authors: Roberto, Palumbo; Francesco, Londrino; Emanuela, Cordova; Giorgia, Gambardella; Pasquale, Niscola; Sara, Dominijanni title: Current treatment of COVID-19 in renal patients: hope or hype? date: 2020-09-28 journal: Intern Emerg Med DOI: 10.1007/s11739-020-02510-0 sha: doc_id:
    keywords: clinical; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; dose; infection; patients; pneumonia; renal; sars; treatment; use
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        item: #2011 of 5187
          id: cord-291420-40xsypzt
      author: Nelson-Sathi, Shijulal
       title: Mutational landscape and in silico structure models of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Receptor Binding Domain reveal key molecular determinants for virus-host interaction
        date: 2020-10-01
       words: 2283
      flesch: 44
     summary: In addition, RBD mutations identified in this study can serve as a molecular directory for experimental biologists to perform functional validation experiments. For the Maximum-likelihood phylogeny reconstruction, we have used the SARS-CoV-2 genomes containing RBD mutations, and 10 genomes were sampled as representatives for each known subtype with Wuhan RefSeq strain as root.
    keywords: ace2; binding; cov-2; interface; mutations; rbd; sars
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        item: #2012 of 5187
          id: cord-291436-cu5o8ipw
      author: Martínez-Hernández, Fernando
       title: Assessing the SARS-CoV-2 threat to wildlife: Potential risk to a broad range of mammals
        date: 2020-10-05
       words: 2952
      flesch: 36
     summary: SARS-594 associated coronavirus transmitted from human to pig Broad host range of SARS-CoV-2 600 predicted by comparative and structural analysis of ACE2 in vertebrates The Pathophysiology of Virulence of the COVID-19 Las áreas protegidas de América Latina: The 768 special case of Mexico Guidelines for working with Free-ranging wild mammals in the era of the 772 COVID-19 pandemic SARS-CoV-2 infection in farmed minks, the Netherlands Characterization of spike 784 glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 on virus entry and its immune cross-reactivity with SARS COVID-19 and pets: When pandemic meets panic Human coronavirus OC43 outbreak in wild 792 chimpanzees, Côte d´ Ivoire Survival of viruses in water SARS-CoV-2 is 800 transmitted via contact and via the air between ferrets Comparative pathogenesis of COVID-19, MERS, and SARS in a nonhuman primate model The human 811 footprint and the last of the wild: the human footprint is a global map of human influence 812 on the land surface, which suggests that human beings are stewards of nature, whether we 813 like it or not SARS-CoV-2 in fruit bat, ferrets, pigs, and chickens: an experimental transmission 819 study Coronaviruses in aquatic organisms Infection with novel coronavirus 829 (SARS-CoV-2) causes pneumonia in the Rhesus macaques Susceptibility of ferrets, cats, dogs, and other domesticated animals to SARS-835 coronavirus 2 Pathogenesis and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in 839 golden hamsters Infection of dogs with SARS-CoV-2 Policy and market strategies of the ecotourism industry in developing 847 countries Group size, grooming and fission in 851 primates: a modeling approach based on group structure RB1 genetic variants contribute to human susceptibility to severe acute respiratory 856 syndrome infection among Chinese MEGA5: 860 molecular evolutionary genetics analysis using maximum likelihood, evolutionary 861 distance, and maximum parsimony methods SARS-CoV-2 infection in cats and dogs in close contact with a clister of COVID-19 patients 867 in a veterinary campus Panorama del turismo internacional Baby pangolins 873 on my plate: possible lessons to learn from the COVID-19 pandemic Receptor recognition by the novel 877 coronavirus from Wuhan: an analysis based on decade-log structural studies of SARS 878 coronavirus The 881 weight of nations: an estimation of adult human biomass Marine Mammal Zoonoses: 885 A Review of Disease Manifestations Update: Bronx zoo tigers and lions recovering from COVID-19 Releases/articleType/ArticleView/articleId/14084/Update-Bronx-Zoo-Tigers-and-Lions Isolation, quarantine, social distancing and 894 community containment: pivotal role for old-style public health measures in the novel 895 coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak Discovery of a 899 novel bottlenose dolphin coronavirus reveals a distinct species of marine mammal 900 coronavirus in Gammacoronavirus Silico Analysis of Intermediate Hosts and Susceptible Animals of SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: ace2; amino; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; human; models; protein; sars; species; tmprss2
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        item: #2013 of 5187
          id: cord-291459-m56dy8us
      author: Hraiech, Sami
       title: Lack of viral clearance by the combination of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin or lopinavir and ritonavir in SARS-CoV-2-related acute respiratory distress syndrome
        date: 2020-05-24
       words: 1154
      flesch: 43
     summary: Although a positive PCR is not synonymous with active viral development, these results highlight the fact that neither of the treatments was able to achieve a rapid viral clearance in ARDS patients, as it has been suggested in one report on non-severe patients [4] . Groups were comparable, except for a higher severity at admission in control patients, who were more frequently transferred to the ICU only when requiring MV, because of the massive influx of patients in this region of France.
    keywords: group; hydroxychloroquine; patients
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        item: #2014 of 5187
          id: cord-291467-vv2lrx2p
      author: Qing, Huiling
       title: The possibility of COVID‐19 transmission from eye to nose
        date: 2020-03-18
       words: 528
      flesch: 52
     summary: However, two recent studies do not fully support this assumption (Li et al. 2020; Studies show that, like the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) that caused SARS, SARS-CoV-2 binds to human angiotensin-enzyme II (ACE2), using it as a cell entry receptor to invade respiratory and lung epithelium through the spike (S) protein (Zhou et al., 2020a (Zhou et al., ,2020b .
    keywords: sars
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        item: #2015 of 5187
          id: cord-291505-vt5vpp60
      author: Rusconi, Chiara
       title: SARS-CoV-2 Interstitial Pneumonia Treated With Tocilizumab in a Patient Affected by Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma
        date: 2020-09-01
       words: 1776
      flesch: 31
     summary: Lung injury in COVID-19 patients probably reflects different pathophysiology patterns, and efficacy of tocilizumab is expected to be higher if ARDS is cytokine mediated; however, a reliable biomarker for differential diagnosis has not been identified yet. A single center experience Effective treatment of severe COVID-19 patients with tocilizumab Cancer patients in SARS-CoV-2 infection: a nationwide analysis in China COVID-19 outcomes in patients with hematologic disease Tocilizumab, an anti-IL6 receptor antibody, to treat Covid-19-related respiratory failure: a case report First case of COVID-19 in a patient with multiple myeloma successfully treated with tocilizumab Recommendations for initial evaluation, staging, and response assessment of hodgkin and non-hodgkin lymphoma: The lugano classification Validation of a modified Early Warning Score in medical admissions Interpretation of guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection by the National Health Commission (Trial Version 5) Radiological findings from 81 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Early positron emission tomography response-adapted treatment in stage I and II hodgkin lymphoma: final results of the randomized EORTC/LYSA/FIL H10 trial Outcome of a patient with refractory Hodgkin lymphoma on pembrolizumab, infected with SARS-CoV-2 Tocilizumab not associated with increased infection risk after CAR T -Implications for COVID-19?
    keywords: cancer; covid-19; patients; sars; tocilizumab; treatment
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        item: #2016 of 5187
          id: cord-291513-vpehn6nx
      author: Minich, Jeremiah
       title: Feasibility of using alternative swabs and storage solutions for paired SARS-CoV-2 detection and microbiome analysis in the hospital environment
        date: 2020-08-18
       words: 6441
      flesch: 47
     summary: We next compared success rates across swab samples from the built environment. The limit of detection (LoD) of SARs-CoV-2 from floor samples collected using the CGp or TMI swabs was similar or better than the CDC standard, further suggesting that swab type does not impact RNA recovery as measured by SARs-CoV-2.
    keywords: cgp; cov-2; detection; eluent; etoh; fig; rna; samples; sars; swab; syn; tmi; types
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        item: #2017 of 5187
          id: cord-291517-ifei60ly
      author: Dixon, Luke
       title: COVID-19-related acute necrotizing encephalopathy with brain stem involvement in a patient with aplastic anemia
        date: 2020-05-26
       words: 1847
      flesch: 37
     summary: Neurologic manifestations of hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease COVID-19-associated acute hemorrhagic necrotizing encephalopathy: CT and MRI features Epstein-barr virus-associated lymphoproliferative disorder with encephalitis following anti-thymocyte globulin for aplastic anemia resolved with rituximab therapy: a case report and literature review Intact survival of refractory CMV limbic encephalitis in a patient with severe aplastic anemia after unrelated bone marrow transplantation Acute necrotizing encephalopathy of childhood: correlation of MR findings and clinical outcome Acute necrotizing encephalopathy associated with novel influenza H1N1 (pdm09) infection: MRI and correlation with brain necropsy Acute necrotizing encephalopathy of childhood: a novel form of acute encephalopathy prevalent in Japan and Taiwan Influenza-associated encephalopathy in Japan: pathogenesis and treatment Detection of influenza virus RNA by reverse transcription-PCR and proinflammatory cytokines in influenza-virus-associated encephalopathy To describe a novel case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE) in a patient with aplastic anemia where there was early brain stem-predominant involvement.
    keywords: acute; brain; covid-19; encephalopathy; patient; stem
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        item: #2018 of 5187
          id: cord-291523-4dtk1kyh
      author: Nguyen, Thanh Thi
       title: Origin of Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19): A Computational Biology Study using Artificial Intelligence
        date: 2020-07-01
       words: 5362
      flesch: 54
     summary: Specifically, SARS-CoV-2, bat CoV RaTG13 and Guangdong pangolin CoV are grouped together in cluster 2 while bat SARS CoVs are divided into 2 clusters, i.e. bat SARS CoV ZXC21 and bat SARS CoV ZC45 are in cluster 2 whereas other bat SARS CoVs are in cluster 3. 7C , while 3 members of the Merbecovirus sub-genus (i.e. Pipistrellus bat CoV HKU5, Tylonycteris bat CoV HKU4 and MERS CoV) are divided into 3 clusters (12, 2 and 4) or members of the Sarbecovirus cluster are separated themselves into 2 clusters '1 and 11, sequences of SARS-CoV-2 still join the cluster 11' with other members of Sarbecovirus such as 3 bat viruses (bat SARS CoV ZC45, bat SARS CoV ZXC21, bat CoV RaTG13) and 7 pangolin CoVs.
    keywords: bat; cluster; clustering; cov-2; fig; pangolin; sars; sequences
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        item: #2019 of 5187
          id: cord-291552-qv6koo6g
      author: KWAN, AMBROSE CHI‐PONG
       title: Severe acute respiratory syndrome‐related diarrhea
        date: 2005-02-23
       words: 2843
      flesch: 60
     summary: Those patients with watery or loose stool at least three times a day for at least 3 consecutive days were defined as diarrhea patients and selected for further study. The high female : male ratio of 6:1 in our cohort of diarrhea patients contributed to the better prognosis.
    keywords: days; diarrhea; group; hospital; patients; sars; syndrome
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        item: #2020 of 5187
          id: cord-291561-sxvgue36
      author: Haixu, Liang
       title: Detection of 20 respiratory viruses and bacteria by influenza-like illness surveillance in Beijing, China, 2016–2018
        date: 2019-11-25
       words: 10308
      flesch: 45
     summary: Influenza viruses, other respiratory viruses and bacteria have been detected in patients with ILI (2-4). We found that 20 respiratory pathogens circulated in Beijing, China, and influenza virus, human rhinovirus (hRV) and mycoplasma (MP) were the major pathogens.
    keywords: 2019; asf; cases; china; disease; eculizumab; fever; fig; gene; getv; infection; influenza; meningococcal; patients; prophylaxis; recombination; sars; spread; strains; study; virus; viruses
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        item: #2021 of 5187
          id: cord-291577-nf80kih2
      author: Baluku, Joseph Baruch
       title: HIV and SARS‐CoV‐2 co‐infection: A case report from Uganda
        date: 2020-05-21
       words: 1728
      flesch: 50
     summary: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): Situation report 108 Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis Risk factors for disease severity, unimprovement, and mortality in COVID-19 patients in Wuhan, China HIV Infection and AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa: Current Status, Challenges and Opportunities Co-infection of SARS-CoV-2 and HIV in a patient in Wuhan city COVID-19 in patients with HIV: clinical case series Early Virus Clearance and Delayed Antibody Response in a Case of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) With a History of Coinfection With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 and Hepatitis C Virus Clinical Presentation of COVID-19: A Systematic Review Focusing on Upper Airway Symptoms Gastrointestinal Manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Virus Load in Fecal Samples from the Hong Kong Cohort and Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Computed Tomography Imaging of an HIV-infected Patient with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) HIV/SARS-CoV-2 co-infected patients in Istanbul, Turkey Acute Pulmonary Embolism Associated with COVID-19 Pneumonia Detected by Pulmonary CT Angiography Frequency and Distribution of Chest Radiographic Findings in COVID-19 Positive Patients Chest radiographs in acute pulmonary embolism. The optimal ART among HIV patients with COVID -19 is not established yet.
    keywords: case; cov-2; hiv; patients; sars
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        item: #2022 of 5187
          id: cord-291588-tp89j1kk
      author: Dorche, Maryam Sharifian
       title: Neurological complications of coronavirus infection; a comparative review and lessons learned during the COVID-19 pandemic
        date: 2020-08-07
       words: 5613
      flesch: 31
     summary: Front Public Health Acute Vision Loss in a Patient with COVID-19 Olfactory and Gustatory Dysfunction in a COVID-19 Patient with Ankylosing Spondylitis Treated with Etanercept: Case Report Quantitative evaluation of olfactory dysfunction in hospitalized patients with Coronavirus [2] (COVID-19) Bilateral transient olfactory bulbs edema during COVID-19-related anosmia Anosmia and olfactory tract neuropathy in a case of COVID-19 Magnetic Resonance Imaging Alteration of the Brain in a Patient With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Anosmia Olfactory Bulb Magnetic Resonance Imaging in SARS-CoV-2-Induced Anosmia: The First Report Prevalence and Duration of Acute Loss of Smell or Taste in COVID-19 Patients Anosmia and ageusia: common findings in COVID-19 patients younger age in ambulatory settings -a multicenter cross-sectional study COVID-19 presenting with ophthalmoparesis from cranial nerve palsy COVID-19 and herpes zoster co-infection presenting with trigeminal neuropathy Pearls and Oy-sters: Facial nerve palsy as a neurological manifestation of Covid-19 infection Guillain Barre syndrome associated with COVID-19 infection: A case report Early Guillain-Barré syndrome in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a case report from an Italian COVID-hospital COVID-19 may induce Guillain-Barré syndrome Guillain-Barré syndrome related to COVID-19 infection Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection: causality or coincidence? Covid-19 and Guillain-Barré syndrome: More than a coincidence! In COVID-19 patients, possible mechanisms include infections, parenchymal damages, electrolyte imbalance, hypoxic, toxic and metabolic encephalopathies and non-convulsive status epilepticus.
    keywords: acute; barré; case; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; guillain; infection; patients; sars; studies; syndrome
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        item: #2023 of 5187
          id: cord-291590-24psoaer
      author: Ogando, Natacha S.
       title: The enzymatic activity of the nsp14 exoribonuclease is critical for replication of Middle East respiratory syndrome-coronavirus
        date: 2020-06-20
       words: 4335
      flesch: 33
     summary: Part A: 882 Emergence of the hypercycle Viral quasispecies evolution Mutational fitness effects in RNA and single-stranded DNA viruses: common 886 patterns revealed by site-directed mutagenesis studies Viral mutation rates Lack of evidence for proofreading mechanisms 891 associated with an RNA virus polymerase Mutation rates among RNA viruses Error catastrophe and antiviral strategy Selforganization of matter and the evolution of biological macromolecules Discovery of the first 899 insect nidovirus, a missing evolutionary link in the emergence of the largest RNA virus 900 genomes The 902 footprint of genome architecture in the largest genome expansion in RNA viruses A planarian 905 nidovirus expands the limits of RNA genome size Description and 907 initial characterization of metatranscriptomic nidovirus-like genomes from the proposed new 908 family Abyssoviridae, and from a sister group to the Coronavirinae, the proposed genus 909 Alphaletovirus Unique and conserved features of genome and proteome of SARS-912 coronavirus, an early split-off from the coronavirus group 2 lineage Exoribonuclease superfamilies: structural analysis and 914 phylogenetic distribution Purification and characterization of Escherichia coli RNase 916 T Structural basis for the 3'-5' exonuclease activity of Escherichia coli 918 DNA polymerase I: a two metal ion mechanism A general two-metal-ion mechanism for catalytic RNA 922 Discovery of an RNA virus 3'->5' exoribonuclease that is critically involved in coronavirus RNA 923 synthesis Structural basis 925 and functional analysis of the SARS coronavirus nsp14-nsp10 complex Structural and molecular basis of mismatch correction 929 and ribavirin excision from coronavirus RNA High fidelity of murine hepatitis virus 931 replication is decreased in nsp14 exoribonuclease mutants Infidelity of SARS-CoV Nsp14-exonuclease mutant 934 virus replication is revealed by complete genome sequencing A live, impaired-936 fidelity coronavirus vaccine protects in an aged, immunocompromised mouse model of lethal 937 disease
    keywords: activity; coronavirus; cov; exon; fig; mers; nsp14; replication; rna; sars
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        item: #2024 of 5187
          id: cord-291595-8241pjpe
      author: Mahmudpour, Mehdi
       title: COVID-19 cytokine storm: The anger of inflammation
        date: 2020-05-30
       words: 5861
      flesch: 36
     summary: The first case of COVID-19 treated with the complement C3 inhibitor AMY-101 Angiotensin II stimulates canonical TGF-β signaling pathway through angiotensin type 1 receptor to induce granulation tissue contraction COVID-19: a case for inhibiting IL-17? Principles of separation: indications and therapeutic targets for plasma exchange Roles of angiotensin peptides and recombinant human ACE2 in heart failure Recombinant human ACE2: acing out angiotensin II in ARDS therapy Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in acute respiratory distress syndrome Angiotensinconverting enzyme 2 inhibits lung injury induced by respiratory syncytial virus Prosper, Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 infections in engineered human tissues using clinicalgrade soluble human N-methylacetamide, fumarate (LF22-0542), a novel nonpeptidic bradykinin B1 receptor antagonist From bradykinin B2 receptor antagonists to orally active and selective bradykinin B1 receptor antagonists Discovery and development of the complement inhibitor eculizumab for the treatment of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria Many drugs for many targets: novel treatments for complement-mediated glomerular disease Soluble CR1 therapy improves complement regulation in C3 glomerulopathy Increased activity of the RAAS system occurs in the COVID-19 induced cytokine storm. It is a state of out-of-control release of a variety of inflammatory cytokines.
    keywords: ace2; activation; angiotensin; axis; complement; cov-2; covid-19; cytokine; lung; receptor; sars; storm; system
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        item: #2025 of 5187
          id: cord-291613-pfgy9ztl
      author: Farshidpour, Maham
       title: A brief review of liver injury in patients with Corona Virus Disease-19 during the pandemic
        date: 2020-07-03
       words: 1540
      flesch: 29
     summary: All patient 34 Total , receiving antihypertensive medication, and had diabetes (median HbA 1c of 6·9%).They suggested liver transplant patients with metabolic comorbidities should be monitored closely, and also in concordance with the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, immunosuppression therapy should not be reduced or discontinued in asymptomatic recipients of liver transplant [26, 27] . Liver enzymes are often elevated in COVID-19 patients, signifying liver damage.
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; injury; liver; patients
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        item: #2026 of 5187
          id: cord-291624-fod0eyuj
      author: Malone, Robert W.
       title: COVID-19: Famotidine, Histamine, Mast Cells, and Mechanisms
        date: 2020-06-22
       words: 6508
      flesch: 35
     summary: This modeling demonstrated that the different clinical outcomes exhibited by COVID-19 patients taking famotidine vs. cimetidine could be readily explained by the distinctive pharmacokinetic and pharmacodistribution properties of the two agents. It is towards the end of the rst week of symptoms that COVID-19 patients develop shortness of breath (SOB).
    keywords: activation; activity; cell; cimetidine; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; famotidine; figure; histamine; infection; mast; patients; receptor; sars; symptoms; syndrome
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        item: #2027 of 5187
          id: cord-291627-5dqwyd9r
      author: Yadav, Rakhee
       title: SARS-CoV-2-host dynamics: Increased risk of adverse outcomes of COVID-19 in obesity
        date: 2020-07-21
       words: 4367
      flesch: 40
     summary: However, whether obesity, over and above its cardio-metabolic co-morbidities might independently contribute to COVID-19 risk; needs more robust and detailed prospective survey. 25 Several reports from around the world identified obesity and severe obesity as risk factors for hospitalization and mechanical ventilation.
    keywords: adipose; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; infection; influenza; obesity; patients; risk; sars; tissue
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        item: #2028 of 5187
          id: cord-291642-xfkdxnfb
      author: Howley, Fergal
       title: Late presentation of ‘Lemierre’s syndrome’: how a delay in seeking healthcare and reduced access to routine services resulted in widely disseminated Fusobacterium necrophorum infection during the global COVID-19 pandemic
        date: 2020-10-10
       words: 2580
      flesch: 38
     summary: 6 At a time when the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak has disrupted the provision of routine healthcare services on a national and global scale, we describe a delayed presentation of disseminated F. necrophorum infection in an immunocompetent young male, in a case that emphasises the importance of encouraging patients to seek urgent medical care during a pandemic. While the majority of cases are of oropharyngeal origin, Lemierre's syndrome can also arise as a complication of an odontogenic infection, 7 and disseminated F. necrophorum infection has even been described following routine dental cleaning.
    keywords: case; dental; infection; lemierre; necrophorum; sars; syndrome
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        item: #2029 of 5187
          id: cord-291644-5y0ioety
      author: Akiyama, Tomohiro
       title: The Natural-Mineral-Based Novel Nanomaterial IFMC Increases Intravascular Nitric Oxide without Its Intake: Implications for COVID-19 and beyond
        date: 2020-08-29
       words: 5841
      flesch: 36
     summary: No problem was found in the monitoring results when spraying IFMC solution on the body or when wearing clothes impregnated with IFMC over several months. We think that mineral components exist as ions in IFMC solution since crystals were obtained when it dried up.
    keywords: blood; blood flow; body; covid-19; flow; ifmc; increase; intravascular; nitric; oxide; potential; rate; surface; temperature; therapy; vasodilation
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        item: #2030 of 5187
          id: cord-291655-l7mg5a0z
      author: Ku, C. W.
       title: Validation of self-collected buccal swab and saliva as a diagnostic tool for COVID-19
        date: 2020-10-05
       words: 4337
      flesch: 56
     summary: Firstly, we were able to obtain self-collected specimens for buccal swab and saliva samples, testing the feasibility of widespread application in the community with saliva tests and buccal swabs being more acceptable to patients than NPS. CT of nasopharyngeal swab and days: r=0.14 (p=0.485); CT of buccal swab and days: r=0.07 (p=0.806); CT of saliva test and days: r=0.171 (p=0.471).
    keywords: cov-2; medrxiv; nps; preprint; saliva; sars; swab
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        item: #2031 of 5187
          id: cord-291677-zcbyhsf1
      author: Wilamowski, M.
       title: Methylation of RNA Cap in SARS-CoV-2 captured by serial crystallography
        date: 2020-08-16
       words: 5370
      flesch: 45
     summary: We determined crystal structures of Nsp10/16 that revealed the states before and after the methylation reaction, for the first time illustrating coronavirus Nsp10/16 complexes with the m7GpppAm2′-O Cap-1, where 2′OH of ribose is methylated. Extended Data Table 1 contains details of number of chips and detector distances used for data collection for Nsp10/16 SSX structures.
    keywords: 2′-o; cap-1; complex; cov-2; crystallography; data; fig; mrna; nsp10/16; nsp16; rna; sam; sars; ssx; structure
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        item: #2032 of 5187
          id: cord-291687-kwu0otpi
      author: Judson, Gregory L.
       title: Cardiovascular Implications and Therapeutic Considerations in COVID-19 Infection
        date: 2020-06-13
       words: 5583
      flesch: 34
     summary: The initial cohort study of COVID-19 patients included data from 552 hospitals in China with 1099 patients with COVID-19 disease [17] . Initial reports of myocarditis from China described cases of cardiogenic shock and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction among COVID-19 patients [37, 38] .
    keywords: acute; cardiac; china; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; injury; mortality; patients; sars
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        item: #2033 of 5187
          id: cord-291710-ixun0c8g
      author: Su, Haixia
       title: Discovery of baicalin and baicalein as novel, natural product inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 3CL protease in vitro
        date: 2020-04-14
       words: 2577
      flesch: 40
     summary: Accordingly, baicalin and baicalein are identified as novel non-peptidomimetic inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro with single-digit micromolar potency. key: cord-291710-ixun0c8g authors: Su, Haixia; Yao, Sheng; Zhao, Wenfeng; Li, Minjun; Liu, Jia; Shang, WeiJuan; Xie, Hang; Ke, Changqiang; Gao, Meina; Yu, Kunqian; Liu, Hong; Shen, Jingshan; Tang, Wei; Zhang, Leike; Zuo, Jianping; Jiang, Hualiang; Bai, Fang; Wu, Yan; Ye, Yang; Xu, Yechun title: Discovery of baicalin and baicalein as novel, natural product inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 3CL protease in vitro date: 2020-04-14 journal: bioRxiv DOI: 10.1101/2020.04.13.038687 sha: doc_id: 291710 cord_uid: ixun0c8g Human infections with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) cause coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) and there is currently no cure.
    keywords: 3clpro; baicalein; binding; cov-2; inhibitors; protease; protein; sars
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        item: #2034 of 5187
          id: cord-291719-1ku6cmwj
      author: Hajjo, Rima
       title: A Systems Biology Workflow for Drug and Vaccine Repurposing: Identifying Small-Molecule BCG Mimics to Reduce or Prevent COVID-19 Mortality
        date: 2020-10-06
       words: 6506
      flesch: 27
     summary: Our analysis demonstrates that BCG vaccine affects the production and maturation of naïve T cells resulting in enhanced, long-lasting trained innate immune responses that can provide protection against novel viruses. A consensus gene signature for BCG vaccine was derived from gene expression profiles in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in response to a BCG challenge test reported by Matsumiya et al (76) , GSE58636 dataset on NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) (27) .
    keywords: bcg; cells; cgs; cov-2; covid-19; effects; expression; gene; network; protein; response; sars; study; vaccination; vaccine
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        item: #2035 of 5187
          id: cord-291726-8670s4st
      author: Che, Xiao-yan
       title: A Patient with Asymptomatic Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Antigenemia from the 2003–2004 Community Outbreak of SARS in Guangzhou, China
        date: 2006-07-01
       words: 2591
      flesch: 37
     summary: This finding, together with the previously reported findings of serological analysis of the handlers of wild animals and the 4 index case patients from the community outbreak of SARS in 2004, reveals that there likely is an intermediate epidemiological phase, which might be critical for genetic adaptation of the virus to its new hosts before critical mutation enables it to eventually cause severe symptomatic SARS, as was seen in early 2003. However, in the 2003-2004 community outbreak of SARS, none of the 4 index case patients with confirmed SARS had severe illness, and they all seemed to have acquired infection with SARS-CoV directly from animals.
    keywords: case; cov; patient; sars; serum
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        item: #2036 of 5187
          id: cord-291729-4l4v9jxd
      author: de Salazar, Adolfo
       title: Sample pooling for SARS-COV-2 RT-PCR screening
        date: 2020-09-10
       words: 2642
      flesch: 42
     summary: SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load in Upper Respiratory Specimens of Infected Patients Viral load of SARS-CoV-2 in clinical samples The Detection of Defective Members of Large Populations Improved matrix pooling A methodology for deriving the sensitivity of pooled testing, based on viral load progression and pooling dilution Detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real-time RT-PCR COVID-19 diagnosis and management: a comprehensive review Screening tests: Can we get more by doing less Pooling Strategies to Reduce the Cost of HIV-1 RNA Load Monitoring in a Resource-Limited Setting Pooled Nucleic Acid Testing to Detect Antiretroviral Treatment Failure in Mexico Occult HBV infection in HIV-infected adults and evaluation of pooled NAT for HBV Assessment of Specimen Pooling to Conserve SARS CoV-2 Testing Resources Pooled-sample analysis strategies for COVID-19 mass testing: a simulation study Sample Pooling as a Strategy to Detect Community Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Evaluation of COVID-19 RT-qPCR test in multi-sample pools Pooling of nasopharyngeal swab specimens for SARS-CoV-2 detection by RT-PCR Evaluating the efficiency of specimen pooling for PCR-based detection of COVID-19 Pooling of samples for testing for SARS-CoV-2 in asymptomatic people False Negative Tests for SARS-CoV-2 Infection -Challenges and Implications Predicting infectious SARS-CoV-2 from diagnostic samples Optimization of group size in pool testing strategy for SARS-CoV-2: A simple mathematical model Simulation of Pool Testing to Identify Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 key: cord-291729-4l4v9jxd authors: de Salazar, Adolfo; Aguilera, Antonio; Trastoy, Rocio; Fuentes, Ana; Alados, Juan Carlos; Causse, Manuel; Galán, Juan Carlos; Moreno, Antonio; Trigo, Matilde; Pérez-Ruiz, Mercedes; Roldán, Carolina; José Pena, Ma; Bernal, Samuel; Serrano-Conde, Esther; Barbeito, Gema; Torres, Eva; Riazzo, Cristina; Cortes-Cuevas, Jose Luis; Chueca, Natalia; Coira, Amparo; Sanchez-Calvo, Juan M.; Marfil, Eduardo; Becerra, Federico; Gude, María José; Pallarés, Ángeles; Pérez Del Molino, María Luisa; García, Federico title: Sample pooling for SARS-COV-2 RT-PCR screening date: 2020-09-10 journal: Clin Microbiol Infect DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2020.09.008 sha: doc_id: 291729 cord_uid: 4l4v9jxd OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of sample pooling compared to the individual analysis for the diagnosis of COVID-19, by using different commercial platforms for nucleic acid extraction and amplification.
    keywords: pooling; pools; samples; sars; strategy; testing
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        item: #2037 of 5187
          id: cord-291738-nak5357h
      author: Padoan, Andrea
       title: Clinical performances of an ELISA for SARS-CoV-2 antibody assay and correlation with neutralization activity
        date: 2020-08-18
       words: 1113
      flesch: 33
     summary: In conclusion, the Novalisa SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) immunoassay provides excellent analytical and clinical performances, especially for IgG. Our findings on PRNT 50 demonstrate that neutralization titers are positively correlated with immunoassays results, even if the strength of the associations is limited. key: cord-291738-nak5357h authors: Padoan, Andrea; Bonfante, Francesco; Zuin, Silvia; Cosma, Chiara; Basso, Daniela; Plebani, Mario title: Clinical performances of an ELISA for SARS-CoV-2 antibody assay and correlation with neutralization activity date: 2020-08-18 journal: Clin Chim Acta DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.08.024 sha: doc_id: 291738 cord_uid: nak5357h nan To the Editor, the COVID-19 pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and first described in December 2019 in Wuhan, continues to spread globally.
    keywords: iga; igg; results; sars
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        item: #2038 of 5187
          id: cord-291747-3du4jluy
      author: Habashy, Noha H.
       title: The potential antiviral effect of major royal jelly protein2 and its isoform X1 against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): Insight on their sialidase activity and molecular docking
        date: 2020-11-11
       words: 1352
      flesch: 28
     summary: key: cord-291747-3du4jluy authors: Habashy, Noha H.; Abu-Serie, Marwa M. title: The potential antiviral effect of major royal jelly protein2 and its isoform X1 against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): Insight on their sialidase activity and molecular docking date: 2020-11-11 journal: J Funct Foods DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104282 sha: doc_id: 291747 cord_uid: 3du4jluy Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 is a newly emerging type of CoV. We evaluated the predicted anti-SARS-CoV-2 effect of major royal jelly protein (MRJP)2 and MRJP2 isoform X1, which recently showed high efficacy against other enveloped RNA-viruses (HCV and HIV). The potential antiviral effect of major royal jelly protein2 and its 835 isoform X1 against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 836 (SARS-CoV-2): Insight on their sialidase activity and molecular 837 docking City for Scientific Research and Technology Applications New Borg EL-Arab 21934 Writing-original draft 896 preparation, reviewing and editing, Software, Data curation, 897 Validation, Visualization; Marwa Abu-Serie: Methodology, 898 reviewing and editing, Software, Data curation, Validation, 899 Visualization Authors filed Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT, Application number International Filing Date 2018) regarding the sialidase activity and anti-coronavirus efficacy of RJ proteins
    keywords: binding; coronavirus; mrjp2; protein; sars
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        item: #2039 of 5187
          id: cord-291790-z5rwznmv
      author: Li, Qianqian
       title: The impact of mutations in SARS-CoV-2 spike on viral infectivity and antigenicity
        date: 2020-07-17
       words: 4910
      flesch: 56
     summary: 122 As expected, the two types of pseudotyped viruses are different in the infection efficiency in the 123 26 cell lines ( Figure 2) . The last column was employed as the 476 cells control without pseudotyped virus.
    keywords: antibodies; cov-2; glycosylation; infectivity; mabs; mutants; sars; sensitivity; variants; virus
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        item: #2040 of 5187
          id: cord-291809-b7sosrc7
      author: Iacovoni, Attilio
       title: A case series of Novel-Coronavirus infection in heart transplantation from two centers in the pandemic area in the North of Italy
        date: 2020-06-26
       words: 2487
      flesch: 48
     summary: We here report a series of heart transplanted patients with COVID-19 from two centers of Italy. RESULTS From February to March 2020 twenty-six heart transplanted patients (age 62±12 years; 77% males; time from transplant 10±10 years; 69% with comorbidities) had a microbiologically confirmed COVID-19.
    keywords: clinical; covid-19; heart; patients; sars; transplant
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        item: #2041 of 5187
          id: cord-291847-x3b6j5d0
      author: Chan, K. H.
       title: The Effects of Temperature and Relative Humidity on the Viability of the SARS Coronavirus
        date: 2011-10-01
       words: 2309
      flesch: 40
     summary: The dynamics of SARS epidemic involves multiple factors Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Epidemiological determinants of spread of causal agent of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Detection of airborne severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus and environmental contamination in SARS outbreak units Outbreak of sever acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) at Amoy Gardens, Kowloon Bay, Hong Kong main findings of the investigation Clinical progression and viral load in a community outbreak of coronavirus-associated SARS pneumonia: a prospective study Evidence of airborne transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome virus First data on stability and resistance of SARS coronavirus compiled by members of WHO laboratory network Survival of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Inactivation of the coronavirus that induces severe acute respiratory syndrome, SARS-CoV Survival characteristics of airborne human coronavirus 229E Survival of human coronaviruses 229E and OC43 in suspension and after drying on surfaces: a possible source of hospital-acquired infections Stability and inactivation of SARS coronavirus An initial investigation of the association between the SARS outbreak and weather: with the view of the environmental temperature and its variation A climatologic investigation of the SARS-CoV outbreak in Beijing, China Influence of meteorological factors and air pollution on the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome Effects of air temperature and relative humidity on coronavirus survival on surfaces A simple method of estimating fifty per cent endpoints Possible transmission by fomites of respiratory syncytial virus Virus survival in the environment Survival and disinfection of parainfluenza viruses on environmental surfaces Effectiveness of precautions against droplets and contact in prevention of nosocomial transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Environmental factors on the SARS epidemic: air temperature, passage of time and multiplicative effect of hospital infection Homozygous L-SIGN (CLEC4M) plays a protective role in SARS coronavirus infection including physical property of virus, outdoor and indoor environments, hygiene, space, and genetic predispositions [10, 15-17, 24, 25] . Thus, information on the survival of the SARS coronavirus (SCoV) in the environment at different temperature and humidity conditions is of significant interest to understanding virus transmission.
    keywords: humidity; sars; transmission; virus
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        item: #2042 of 5187
          id: cord-291916-5yqc3zcx
      author: Hozhabri, Hossein
       title: The Global Emergency of Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2): An Update of the Current Status and Forecasting
        date: 2020-08-05
       words: 16799
      flesch: 39
     summary: This form of adaptation required a series of amino acid changes in the RBD within the S protein of SARS viruses that circulated in bats [56, 68] . Strategies for controlling emerging coronaviruses A DNA vaccine induces SARS coronavirus neutralization and protective immunity in mice Cross-species transmission of the newly identified coronavirus 2019-nCoV Towards a solution to MERS:
    keywords: ace2; acute; cases; cell; china; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; days; diagnosis; disease; figure; genome; host; human; infection; mers; novel; patients; pneumonia; protein; receptor; rna; sars; study; symptoms; syndrome; transmission; vaccine
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        item: #2043 of 5187
          id: cord-291920-gtzc69lc
      author: Meyers, Kristin J.
       title: A cross‐sectional community‐based observational study of asymptomatic SARS‐CoV‐2 prevalence in the greater Indianapolis area
        date: 2020-06-16
       words: 1471
      flesch: 42
     summary: Study participants were recruited through media announcements and a publicly accessible website with study documents and information. Within the ongoing 14‐day follow‐up period for positive participants, 58 (71.6%) of 81‐assessed participants remained asymptomatic while others (n=23, 28.4%) reported one or more symptoms.
    keywords: cov-2; infection; participants; sars
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        item: #2044 of 5187
          id: cord-291923-jvbehgb7
      author: Rajoli, R. K.
       title: Dose prediction for repurposing nitazoxanide in SARS-CoV-2 treatment or chemoprophylaxis
        date: 2020-05-06
       words: 4446
      flesch: 47
     summary: The present study used physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling to inform optimal doses of nitazoxanide capable of maintaining plasma and lung tizoxanide exposures above the reported nitazoxanide 90% effective concentration (EC90) against SARS-CoV-2. The model predicted optimal doses of 1200 mg QID, 1600 mg TID, 2900 mg BID in the fasted state and 700 mg QID, 900 mg TID and 1400 mg BID when given with food, to provide tizoxanide plasma and lung concentrations over the reported in vitro EC90 of nitazoxanide against SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: cov-2; doses; medrxiv; nitazoxanide; perpetuity; preprint; review; sars
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        item: #2045 of 5187
          id: cord-291954-wormplcu
      author: Sakulkonkij, Parichart
       title: A family cluster of diagnosed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) kidney transplant recipient in Thailand
        date: 2020-08-08
       words: 4433
      flesch: 41
     summary: The majority of COVID-19 patients in the general population have leukopenia with lymphocytopenia (70%) as similar to transplant recipients. A familial cluster, including a kidney transplant recipient Aerosol and surface stability of SARS-CoV-2 as compared with SARS-CoV Postdischarge surveillance and positive virus detection in two medical staff recovered from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), China Epidemiologic features and clinical course of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Singapore Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study Factors associated with prolonged viral shedding in patients with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus infection Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia Molecular diagnosis of a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) causing an outbreak of pneumonia Improved molecular diagnosis of COVID-19 by the novel, highly sensitive and specific COVID-19-RdRp/Hel real-time reverse transcription-PCR assay validated in vitro and with clinical specimens Laboratory diagnosis of COVID-19: current issues and challenges Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in different types of clinical specimens Early clinical and CT manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia Relation between chest CT findings and clinical conditions of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pneumonia: a multicenter study Frequency and distribution of chest radiographic findings in COVID-19 positive patients Radiological Society of North America Expert Consensus Statement on Reporting Chest CT Findings Related to COVID-19.
    keywords: case; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; patients; pneumonia; recipients; sars; transplant
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        item: #2046 of 5187
          id: cord-291965-9r9ll83m
      author: Pfefferle, Susanne
       title: Distant Relatives of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus and Close Relatives of Human Coronavirus 229E in Bats, Ghana
        date: 2009-09-17
       words: 4314
      flesch: 50
     summary: Because of the low concentration of RNA in bat samples, generation of long sequences from novel bat CoV is tedious and technically demanding, which may be why some published phylogenies of bat CoV are based on short datasets, making it difficult to use these data for reference. However, the absence of successful virus isolation from bat feces in previous studies (3) (4) (5) (6) 8, 11, 12) may not reflect the incapability of bat CoV to infect human cells.
    keywords: analysis; bats; coronavirus; cov; covs; group; human; samples; sars; study; virus
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        item: #2047 of 5187
          id: cord-291987-zpkzzldu
      author: To, Kelvin KW
       title: False-positive SARS-CoV-2 serology in three children with Kawasaki disease
        date: 2020-07-17
       words: 1400
      flesch: 44
     summary: Furthermore, we reviewed all NPS samples from KD patients admitted to public hospitals in Hong Diagnosis, Treatment, and Long-Term Management of Kawasaki Disease: A Scientific Statement for Health Professionals From the American Heart Association Kawasaki-like disease: emerging complication during the COVID-19 pandemic Epidemiology of Kawasaki disease in Asia, Europe, and the United States Kawasaki disease in Hong Kong Improved detection of antibody against SARS-CoV-2 by microsphere-based antibody assay Temporal profiles of viral load in posterior oropharyngeal saliva samples and serum antibody responses during infection by SARS-CoV-2: an observational cohort study Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in Hong Kong and in residents evacuated from Hubei province, China: a multicohort study Consistent detection of 2019 novel coronavirus in saliva SARS-CoV-2 specific antibody responses in COVID-19 patients False-positive IgM antibody tests for cytomegalovirus in patients with acute Epstein-Barr virus infection False-positive serologies for acute hepatitis A and autoimmune hepatitis in a patient with acute Epstein-Barr virus infection Pharmacokinetics of intravenous immunoglobulin: a systematic review The Production Processes and Biological Effects of Intravenous Immunoglobulin From a Sprint to a Marathon in Hong Kong COVID-19 and Kawasaki Disease: Novel Virus and Novel Case An outbreak of severe Kawasaki-like disease at the Italian epicentre of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic: an observational cohort study Kawasaki-like multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children during the covid-19 pandemic in Paris, France: prospective observational study Hyperinflammatory shock in children during COVID-19 pandemic Causes of Kawasaki Disease-From Past to Present EV/RV -enterovirus/rhinovirus, IVIG -intravenous immunoglobulin, MN -microneutralization assay As KD is known to be more prevalent in Hong Kong than in Therefore, serological testing for SARS-CoV-2 was offered to Hong Kong children diagnosed with KD between January to April 2020.
    keywords: children; covid-19; disease; sars
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        item: #2048 of 5187
          id: cord-291991-on70zzn0
      author: Jaimes, Javier A.
       title: Proteolytic cleavage of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and the role of the novel S1/S2 site
        date: 2020-05-28
       words: 1707
      flesch: 31
     summary: Changes Phylogenetic 209 Analysis and Structural Modeling of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Reveals an Evolutionary Distinct 210 and Proteolytically Sensitive Activation Loop A Fluorogenic 213 Peptide Cleavage Assay to Screen for Proteolytic Activity: Applications for coronavirus spike 214 protein activation Sequence requirements for cleavage activation of 216 influenza virus hemagglutinin expressed in mammalian cells Cleavage of a Neuroinvasive Human Respiratory Virus Spike Glycoprotein by 220 Proprotein Convertases Modulates Neurovirulence and Virus Spread within the Central Nervous 221 System Use of AAScatterPlot tool for monitoring the evolution of 223 the hemagglutinin cleavage site in H9 avian influenza viruses Mutation in spike protein cleavage site and pathogenesis of feline coronavirus Host cell proteases: Critical determinants of coronavirus 228 tropism and pathogenesis A 230 camel-derived MERS-CoV with a variant spike protein cleavage site and distinct fusion 231 activation properties Host cell entry of Middle East respiratory syndrome 233 coronavirus after two-step, furin-mediated activation of the spike protein Genetic Predisposition To Acquire a 237 Polybasic Cleavage Site for Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin Characterization of spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 on virus entry and its immune cross-240 reactivity with SARS-CoV Localization of Endogenous Furin in Cultured Cell Lines Role of hemagglutinin cleavage for the pathogenicity of influenza virus A peptide-based approach to evaluate the adaptability 247 of influenza A virus to humans based on its hemagglutinin proteolytic cleavage site A Novel Activation Mechanism 250 of Avian Influenza Virus H9N2 by Furin Antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation A novel bat coronavirus closely related to SARS-CoV-2 contains natural insertions at 258 the S1/S2 cleavage site of the spike protein A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Fluorogenic peptides derived from SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) S1/S2 sites composed of the sequences HTVSLLRSTSQ and TNSPRRARSVA sequences, respectively, and harboring the (7-methoxycoumarin-4-yl)acetyl/2,4-dinitrophenyl (MCA/DNP) FRET pair were synthesized by Biomatik Recombinant PC1, matriptase, cathepsin B , and cathepsin L were purchased from R&D Systems U/mL); 25 mM MES, 5 mM CaCl2, 1% (w/v) Brij-35, pH 6.0 for PC1 (diluted to 2.2 ng/μL); PBS for trypsin (diluted to 8 nM); 50 mM Tris, 50 mM NaCl, 0.01% (v/v) Tween® 20, pH 9.0 for matriptase (diluted to 2.2 ng/μL); 25 mM MES, pH 5.0 for cathepsin B (diluted to 2.2 ng/μL); 50 mM MES, 5 mM DTT, 1 mM EDTA, 0.005% (w/v) Brij-35, pH 6.0 for cathepsin L (diluted to 2.2 ng/μL) and with the peptide diluted to 50 μM. Reactions were performed at 30 °C in triplicates, and fluorescence emission was measured every minute for 45 min using a SpectraMax fluorometer (Molecular Devices On March 11 th 2020, due to its alarming 32 spread and severity across most countries globally the WHO characterized COVID-19 as a pandemic. 2009), found in the S2 fusion domain immediately upstream of the fusion peptide-whose functional 57 role is more directly comparable to that of influenza virus HA cleavage site (Steinhauer, 1999) .
    keywords: cov-2; sars; site
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        item: #2049 of 5187
          id: cord-292002-g0v0xc21
      author: Yang, Wenjing
       title: The role of imaging in 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19)
        date: 2020-04-15
       words: 4657
      flesch: 40
     summary: In a large research cohort study, chest CT findings showed a bilateral distribution of patchy ground glass opacity and consolidation in 138 patients [26] . Imaging features of multiple patchy areas of ground glass opacity and consolidation predominately in the periphery of the lungs are characteristic manifestations on chest CT and extremely helpful in the early detection and diagnosis of this disease, which aids prompt diagnosis and the eventual control of this emerging global health emergency.
    keywords: 2019; chest; coronavirus; covid-19; glass; ground; novel; pneumonia
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        item: #2050 of 5187
          id: cord-292004-9rpoll7y
      author: Mitchell, Hugh D.
       title: The Role of EGFR in Influenza Pathogenicity: Multiple Network-Based Approaches to Identify a Key Regulator of Non-lethal Infections
        date: 2019-09-20
       words: 8365
      flesch: 36
     summary: Our results show that by using association networks, bottleneck genes that lack hub characteristics can be used to predict a gene’s involvement in influenza virus pathogenicity. Our results show that by using association networks, bottleneck genes that lack hub characteristics can be used to predict a gene's involvement in influenza virus pathogenicity.
    keywords: bottlenecks; data; day; egfr; et al; expression; figure; genes; infection; influenza; mice; network; pathogenicity; virus
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        item: #2051 of 5187
          id: cord-292015-pfvgpf7v
      author: Brouwer, A. F.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 surveillance in decedents in a large, urban medical examiner's office
        date: 2020-08-07
       words: 2916
      flesch: 48
     summary: Seven-day average percent positivity among flagged decedents closely matched the trajectory of percent positivity in the catchment population, particularly during the peak of the outbreak (March and April). Decedents were assessed for possible recent COVID-19 illness through a checklist (presumptive or confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis; signs of infection (fever, shortness of breath, sneezing, coughing, chest pain, body aches); recent travel; contacts, family, or friends with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis or signs of infection), and flagged decedents (i.e., those with one or more of the listed items) were swabbed preferentially.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; decedents; preprint; sars
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        item: #2052 of 5187
          id: cord-292025-dr611nse
      author: Kam, Kai-qian
       title: Clinical Utility of Buccal Swabs for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Detection in Coronavirus Disease 2019–Infected Children
        date: 2020-06-13
       words: 1655
      flesch: 45
     summary: Viral loads in buccal specimens were substantially lower than those in nasopharyngeal specimens. It is important to understand the viral shedding pattern in buccal specimens of children in order to predict the routes of viral transmission.
    keywords: children; cov-2; sars; specimens
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        item: #2053 of 5187
          id: cord-292030-cjz4nuag
      author: Qiu, Guangyu
       title: Dual-Functional Plasmonic Photothermal Biosensors for Highly Accurate Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Detection
        date: 2020-04-13
       words: 5694
      flesch: 41
     summary: In the LSPR sensing path, the collimated wide spectrum beam passed through the aperture-iris (I1/I2), the linear polarizers (P1/P2), the birefringent crystal (BC), and totally reflected at the interface of AuNI-dielectric for LSPR detection. The impacts of the localized thermoplasmonic heating on nucleic acids hybridization and LSPR detection were systematically studied.
    keywords: auni; cov-2; covid; detection; figure; lspr; plasmonic; ppt; rdrp; sars; sequence; temperature
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        item: #2054 of 5187
          id: cord-292041-a65kfw80
      author: Orienti, Isabella
       title: Pulmonary Delivery of Fenretinide: A Possible Adjuvant Treatment in COVID-19
        date: 2020-05-27
       words: 6133
      flesch: 29
     summary: Pulmonary formulations of anti-inflammatory drugs could represent a good option in combination with systemic antiviral drugs or glucocorticoids. It decreased the infiltration of inflammatory cells and inhibited the production of inflammatory cytokines [84] .
    keywords: activity; cells; cov; cov-2; covid-19; drugs; fenretinide; infection; lung; pulmonary; response; sars; treatment; virus
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        item: #2055 of 5187
          id: cord-292045-pnid9dmq
      author: Kumar, Manish
       title: First proof of the capability of wastewater surveillance for COVID-19 in India through detection of genetic material of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-07-28
       words: 3040
      flesch: 45
     summary: Detection of, SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater has been reported in Australia, China, France, Israel, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, Spain and the US (Ahmed et al., 2020a,b; Bar-or et al., 2020; Haramoto et al., 2020; La Rosa et al., 2020; Medema et al., 2020; Zheng et al., (2020) , reported detection of SARS-J o u r n a l P r e
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; detection; et al; rna; sars; wastewater
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        item: #2056 of 5187
          id: cord-292050-x3isowrt
      author: Ackerman, Emily E.
       title: Network Controllability-Based Prioritization of Candidates for SARS-CoV-2 Drug Repositioning
        date: 2020-09-26
       words: 6956
      flesch: 39
     summary: While viral proteins only interact with 148 proteins, the topological effects are seen across the entire network. The removal of these five proteins as drivers of infected cell behavior in the VIN suggests that they have fallen under the control of viral proteins or are part of a host cascade that has been activated in the response.
    keywords: cells; compounds; controllability; hin; inhibition; network; proteins; scarb1; vin; virus
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        item: #2057 of 5187
          id: cord-292152-gmru83ac
      author: Makrinioti, Heidi
       title: Intussusception in two children with SARS-CoV-2 infection in children
        date: 2020-08-08
       words: 1757
      flesch: 37
     summary: The first case developed respiratory symptoms during hospitalization and underwent a chest CT scan that revealed changes, whilst the second case had preceding mild respiratory symptoms, therefore did not undergo chest imaging as per current standards of care. key: cord-292152-gmru83ac authors: Makrinioti, Heidi; Mac Donald, Alexander; Lu, X; Wallace, S; Mathew, Jobson; Zhang, F; Shao, J; Bretherton, J; Tariq, Mehmood; Eyre, E; Wong, A; Pakkiri, L; Saxena, Amulya K; Wong, G W title: Intussusception in two children with SARS-CoV-2 infection in children date: 2020-08-08 journal: J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc DOI: 10.1093/jpids/piaa096 sha: doc_id: 292152 cord_uid: gmru83ac This report compares intussusception as likely associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in infants that presented in Wuhan and London.
    keywords: case; cov-2; infection; intussusception; sars
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        item: #2058 of 5187
          id: cord-292173-95t89yee
      author: Villani, Federico Alcide
       title: COVID-19 and Dentistry: Prevention in Dental Practice, a Literature Review
        date: 2020-06-26
       words: 4589
      flesch: 43
     summary: In patients with a cured COVID-19 infection, the American Dental Association (ADA) guidelines propose to reschedule dental treatment at least 72 h after the resolution of the symptoms, or 7 days after the appearance of initial symptoms, such as fever controlled without antipyretics and spontaneous improvement of breathing [39] . Further accurate studies have been carried out to demonstrate the importance of oral rinses just before dental treatment; Costa et al., in a study in 2019, highlighted how the use of chlorhexidine at 0.12% and 0.20% alters the amount of bacteria, viruses, and fungi present in the oral biofilm, reducing the risk of cross-contamination due to aerosol [29] .
    keywords: authors; coronavirus; covid-19; dental; health; masks; protection; respirators; review; sars; use
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        item: #2059 of 5187
          id: cord-292209-d1ty9etr
      author: Horta, Bernardo L
       title: Prevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 according to socioeconomic and ethnic status in a nationwide Brazilian survey
        date: 2020-10-29
       words: 4333
      flesch: 46
     summary: O ajuste regional reduziu as taxas de prevalência de acordo com a riqueza, educação e etnia, mas os resultados permaneceram estatisticamente significativos. Se utilizó el análisis de los componentes principales de los bienes para clasificar la posición socioeconómica en cinco quintiles de riqueza.
    keywords: analyses; antibodies; brazil; cov-2; covid-19; individuals; prevalence; region; results; sars; study; subjects; test
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        item: #2060 of 5187
          id: cord-292236-eudcs9t2
      author: Wang, Yishan
       title: Asymptomatic cases with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection
        date: 2020-05-22
       words: 905
      flesch: 29
     summary: key: cord-292236-eudcs9t2 authors: Wang, Yishan; Kang, Hanyujie; Liu, Xuefeng; Tong, Zhaohui title: Asymptomatic cases with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection date: 2020-05-22 journal: J Med Virol DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25990 sha: doc_id: 292236 cord_uid: eudcs9t2 On 31 March 2020, Chinese Health Authorization announced that numbers of asymptomatic cases with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection will be made to the public daily. We summarized the characteristics of asymptomatic SARS‐CoV‐2 infections and the transmission potential of asymptomatic cases.
    keywords: asymptomatic; cases; coronavirus
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        item: #2061 of 5187
          id: cord-292250-jjhpwgfa
      author: Heinz, Nicole
       title: A case of an Infant with SARS‐CoV‐2 hepatitis early after liver transplantation
        date: 2020-06-25
       words: 1296
      flesch: 40
     summary: Liver enzymes had been trending downward as expected since the LT; however, on POD 6, there was a sudden significant elevation of liver enzymes (see Table 1 , Figure 2 Mycophenolate As of POD 22, respiratory symptoms continued to improve and diarrhea that had previously persisted despite stopping MMF and magnesium supplements, was abating. The facts during the third epidemic COVID-19 associated hepatitis complicating recent living donor liver transplantation COVID-19 cases on New City on Deployment of convalescent plasma for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 Liver injury during highly pathogenic human coronavirus infections COVID-19 in solid organ transplant recipients: initial report from the US epicenter Multicenter evaluation of the QIAstat Respiratory Panel-A new rapid highly multiplexed PCR based assay for diagnosis of acute respiratory tract infections Protective effects of intravenous immunoglobulin and antimicrobial agents on acute pneumonia in leukopenic mice A case of an Infant with SARS-CoV-2 hepatitis early after liver transplantation
    keywords: enzymes; hepatitis; liver; pod; sars
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        item: #2062 of 5187
          id: cord-292256-jp80u828
      author: Moriguchi, Takeshi
       title: A first case of meningitis/encephalitis associated with SARS-Coronavirus-2
        date: 2020-04-03
       words: 1746
      flesch: 47
     summary: In 2002-2003, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) pandemic appeared and SARS-CoV was isolated as the pathogen and as the new family of the human coronaviruses (Drosten et al., 2003; Ksiazek et al., 2003) . Recent study claims that the genomic sequence is similar between SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 (Yu et al., 2020) , especially the receptor-binding domains of SARS-CoV is structurally similar to that of SARS-CoV-2 (Lu et al., 2020) .
    keywords: case; coronavirus; day; novel; sars
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        item: #2063 of 5187
          id: cord-292274-upwn9o2m
      author: Ghaffari, Abdi
       title: COVID-19 Serological Tests: How Well Do They Actually Perform?
        date: 2020-07-04
       words: 4663
      flesch: 39
     summary: In humans, three types of antibodies or immunoglobulins have been the target of COVID-19 serological tests: IgM, IgG, and IgA. In humans, three types of antibodies or immunoglobulins have been the target of COVID-19 serological tests: IgM, IgG, and IgA.
    keywords: antibodies; antibody; cov-2; covid-19; igg; igm; sars; tests
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        item: #2064 of 5187
          id: cord-292337-74c69z28
      author: Tsai, Shin-Han
       title: Transporting Patient with Suspected SARS
        date: 2004-07-17
       words: 1473
      flesch: 53
     summary: Although data from systematic studies of SARS do not exist, evidence suggests that this disease has psychosocial consequences for SARS patients, their families, and society. In May 2003, several outer islands belonging to Taiwan reported SARS, and on June 2, 2003, Penghu Army Hospital reported a 40year-old man with suspected SARS.
    keywords: patients; piu; sars; taiwan
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        item: #2065 of 5187
          id: cord-292347-d7xq7x5g
      author: Carter, Linda J.
       title: Assay Techniques and Test Development for COVID-19 Diagnosis
        date: 2020-04-30
       words: 3437
      flesch: 38
     summary: This type of testing requires cell culture facilities, 470 and in the case of SARS coronavirus, Biosafety Level 3 (BSL3) 471 laboratories. These tests have a huge potential for the epide-397 miology of COVID-19, 32,42−45 but test results can be impacted by 398 at least three situations: (1) a subset of subjects with a positive 399 result from molecular genetic assays for SARS-CoV-2 infection 400 are seronegative due to the lag in antibody production following 401 infection, (2) the subjects may be seropositive yet negative for 402 molecular genetic assay results reflecting clearance of an earlier, 403 milder infection, and (3) limitation in sensitivity and specificity of 404 the assays.
    keywords: antibodies; assays; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; detection; infection; rna; sars; test; testing
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        item: #2066 of 5187
          id: cord-292350-cmrtg91a
      author: Mondal, Samhati
       title: Thromboembolic disease in COVID-19 patients: A brief narrative review
        date: 2020-09-14
       words: 4006
      flesch: 20
     summary: key: cord-292350-cmrtg91a authors: Mondal, Samhati; Quintili, Ashley L.; Karamchandani, Kunal; Bose, Somnath title: Thromboembolic disease in COVID-19 patients: A brief narrative review date: 2020-09-14 journal: J Intensive Care DOI: 10.1186/s40560-020-00483-y sha: doc_id: 292350 cord_uid: cmrtg91a Corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV2/ Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2) infection has emerged as a global health crisis. Table 1 & 2 summarize the various thrombotic complications noted in COVID-19 patients as published as of June 6 th , 2020 obtained by a literature search on PubMed and EMBASE using combinations of the following MeSH terms: COVID-19, SARS-COV2, novel corona virus, thrombosis, thromboembolic complications, pulmonary embolism.
    keywords: acute; anticoagulation; complications; covid-19; disease; patients; pulmonary; risk; thrombosis; venous
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        item: #2067 of 5187
          id: cord-292367-ocbsmmt6
      author: El-Masri, Maher M.
       title: Exploring the influence of enforcing infection control directives on the risk of developing healthcare associated infections in the intensive care unit: A retrospective study
        date: 2012-02-29
       words: 3091
      flesch: 42
     summary: Whilst this study utilised a rare natural occurrence (i.e., the SARS outbreak) in which infection control strategies were enforced throughout the healthcare system to explore the impact of enforcing infection control guidelines on HAIs, it is important that its findings be interpreted with caution due to its retrospective nature and the fact that it did not directly measure the association between enforcing infection control guidelines and HAIs. However, the impact of adherence or lack of, with the guidelines of infection control was almost never reported in these studies.
    keywords: control; hais; infection; risk; sars
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        item: #2068 of 5187
          id: cord-292386-hfbgigj6
      author: Borges, Lysandro Pinto
       title: Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG antibodies in an asymptomatic population in Sergipe, Brazil
        date: 2020-10-06
       words: 3902
      flesch: 42
     summary: Nonetheless, serological testing has become an extremely helpful tool in epidemiology, since it is able to detect recent and past infections, including asymptomatic and recovered cases, providing better information regarding disease prevalence in a population. Estimating IgG prevalence is extremely important in terms of returning to work, although there is no evidence supporting whether this antibody may function as an immunity passport (31) .
    keywords: antibodies; cases; cov-2; covid-19; igm; individuals; population; prevalence; sars; sergipe; study
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        item: #2069 of 5187
          id: cord-292387-2xv3wgaq
      author: D′Agostino, Armando
       title: Brief Psychotic Disorder During the National Lockdown in Italy: An Emerging Clinical Phenomenon of the COVID-19 Pandemic
        date: 2020-08-06
       words: 4566
      flesch: 40
     summary: 13 Suicidal behavior in ATPD/ BPD patients is quite common (36%-55%) and usually associated with mood instability and agitation. The absence of personality disorders or premorbid dysfunction in the history of BPD patients is typically reported [35] [36] [37] and reflects the characteristics of our patients.
    keywords: cases; covid-19; disorder; episode; lockdown; pandemic; patients; psychosis; symptoms
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        item: #2070 of 5187
          id: cord-292416-3hhi4wps
      author: Sarid, Ronit
       title: Investigating an Emerging Virus During a Sudden Pandemic Outbreak
        date: 2020-07-31
       words: 4872
      flesch: 35
     summary: Zoonotic origins of human coronaviruses Coronaviruses lacking exoribonuclease activity are susceptible to lethal mutagenesis: evidence for proofreading and potential therapeutics Coronaviruses: an RNA proofreading machine regulates replication fidelity and diversity Infidelity of SARS-CoV Nsp14-exonuclease mutant virus replication is revealed by complete genome sequencing Cultivation of viruses from a high proportion of patients with colds A new virus isolated from the human respiratory tract Characterization and complete genome sequence of a novel coronavirus, coronavirus HKU1, from patients with pneumonia Association between a novel human coronavirus and Kawasaki disease Human coronavirus NL63 is not detected in the respiratory tracts of children with acute Kawasaki disease Kawasaki disease lacks association with human coronavirus NL63 and human bocavirus Epidemiology, genetic recombination, and pathogenesis of coronaviruses Update on human rhinovirus and coronavirus infections Human coronavirus infections in Israel: epidemiology, clinical symptoms and summer seasonality of HCoV-HKU1 An outbreak of human coronavirus OC43 infection and serological cross-reactivity with SARS coronavirus Surveillance of bat coronaviruses in Kenya identifies relatives of human coronaviruses NL63 and 229E and their recombination history Molecular characterization of a canine respiratory coronavirus strain detected in Italy Susceptibility of ferrets, cats, dogs, and other domesticated animals to SARScoronavirus 2 Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as a SARS-CoV-2 receptor: molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic target Diagnostic testing for severe acute respiratory syndromerelated coronavirus 2: a narrative review Structure-based design of antiviral drug candidates targeting the SARS-CoV-2 main protease Ribavirin, remdesivir, sofosbuvir, galidesivir, and tenofovir against SARS-CoV-2 RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp): a molecular docking study SARS-CoV-2 RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) targeting: an in silico perspective Coronaviruses -drug discovery and therapeutic options Treatment with convalescent plasma for influenza A (H5N1) infection Convalescent plasma treatment reduced mortality in patients with severe pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 virus infection Evaluation of convalescent plasma for Ebola virus disease in Guinea Administration of brincidofovir and convalescent plasma in a patient with Ebola virus disease Feasibility, safety, clinical, and laboratory effects of convalescent plasma therapy for patients with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection: a study protocol Treatment of 5 critically ill patients with COVID-19 with convalescent plasma Convalescent plasma transfusion for the treatment of COVID-19: systematic review Our understanding of other viruses, in particular regarding coronaviruses, can provide guidance for understanding and control of the SARS-CoV-2 new outbreak.
    keywords: coronaviruses; cov-2; disease; hcov; host; human; infection; potential; rna; sars; virus
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        item: #2071 of 5187
          id: cord-292423-jupcit75
      author: Narkhede, Rohan R.
       title: Recognition of Natural Products as Potential Inhibitors of COVID-19 Main Protease (Mpro): In-Silico Evidences
        date: 2020-06-17
       words: 2713
      flesch: 47
     summary: The docking of the phytoconstituents in COVID-19 main protease was subsequently visualized for their binding in the pocket of the protein. Since the native inhibitor (N2) accommodated in the crystal structure of COVID-19 main protease, it allowed the natural products to bind in the active sites of the protein.
    keywords: activity; covid-19; docking; drug; potential; products; protease
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        item: #2072 of 5187
          id: cord-292462-zbjig3pt
      author: Backhaus, Andreas
       title: Common Pitfalls in the Interpretation of COVID-19 Data and Statistics
        date: 2020-06-07
       words: 3167
      flesch: 52
     summary: If the difference was larger than the COVID-19 death count, it would suggest an undercounting of COVID-19 deaths, as the reported COVID-19 death count cannot fully account for the observed excess mortality. Here's how to kick their tires Estimating the asymptomatic proportion of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases on board the Diamond Princess cruise ship Total confi rmed COVID-19 deaths Estimating the infection and case fatality ratio for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) using ageadjusted data from the outbreak on the Diamond Princess cruise ship Preliminary statistics on deaths OpenSAFELY: factors associated with COV-ID-19
    keywords: cases; confi; covid-19; data; death; rmed
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        item: #2073 of 5187
          id: cord-292544-m7jyydf1
      author: Grau-Pujol, Berta
       title: Pre-exposure prophylaxis with hydroxychloroquine for high-risk healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A structured summary of a study protocol for a multicentre, double-blind randomized controlled trial
        date: 2020-07-29
       words: 4577
      flesch: 44
     summary: Study participant flowchart The occurrence of an AE or SAE may come to the attention of study personnel during study visits and interviews of a study participant presenting for medical care, or upon review by the study monitor.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; group; healthcare; hydroxychloroquine; prep; sars; study; workers
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        item: #2074 of 5187
          id: cord-292561-iy06b9h9
      author: Miesbach, Wolfgang
       title: COVID-19: Coagulopathy, Risk of Thrombosis, and the Rationale for Anticoagulation
        date: 2020-07-17
       words: 4900
      flesch: 40
     summary: These laboratory changes are consistent with previous studies which showed that hypoalbuminemia, lymphopenia, and C-reactive protein 4 mg/dL were the predictive factors for the progression of pneumonia to respiratory failure in MERS-CoV-infected patients and that elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were associated with hospital-acquired infection with SARS-CoV. 16 Similar to SARS and MERS, there is a link between inflammation and severe organ damage in COVID-19 patients. 32 Coagulopathy has been described in studies that document clinical and laboratory changes in COVID-19 patients in up to 50% of those with severe manifestations.
    keywords: acute; coagulopathy; covid-19; dimer; levels; patients; risk; sars; syndrome; thrombosis
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        item: #2075 of 5187
          id: cord-292578-co5essuw
      author: Johnson, Marina
       title: Evaluation of a novel multiplexed assay for determining IgG levels and functional activity to SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-08-02
       words: 2114
      flesch: 41
     summary: Samples were screened for IgG to SARS-CoV-2 N protein using a commercially available kit (Epitope Diagnostics Inc, San Diego, USA) as previously described (8) . An advantage of this assay is its ability to measure antibody induced inhibition of ACE-2 receptor-spike interaction thought to be the major mechanism by which SARS viruses, including SARS-CoV-2 attach to host cell surfaces (11, 12) .
    keywords: antibody; assay; cov-2; rbd; sars; sensitivity
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        item: #2076 of 5187
          id: cord-292580-caxb9ob9
      author: Chang, Z
       title: RNAi therapeutics: Can siRNAs conquer SARS?
        date: 2005-11-10
       words: 1313
      flesch: 51
     summary: Although this approach is obviously not a cure for SARS since the treated animals also developed SARS symptoms, it can be used as a complementary strategy to reduce the severity of the disease and to low the viral load in patients. key: cord-292580-caxb9ob9 authors: Chang, Z; Hu, J title: RNAi therapeutics: Can siRNAs conquer SARS? date: 2005-11-10 journal: Gene Ther DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3302682 sha: doc_id: 292580 cord_uid: caxb9ob9 nan The epidemic of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)
    keywords: animals; cov; sars; sirna
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        item: #2077 of 5187
          id: cord-292600-mgvrbfzd
      author: Ly, T. D. A.
       title: Screening of SARS-CoV-2 among homeless people, asylum seekers and other people living in precarious conditions in Marseille, France, March April 2020.
        date: 2020-05-11
       words: 2221
      flesch: 49
     summary: Homeless people and professionals in contact with homeless people are therefore at a high risk of COVID-19. Johns Hopkins Coronavirus Resource Center People experiencing homelessness: Their potential exposure to COVID-19 COVID-19: a potential public health problem for homeless populations Efforts escalate to protect homeless people from COVID-19 in UK Homeless mentally ill people and COVID-19 pandemic: The two-way sword for LMICs When basic supplies are missing, what to do?
    keywords: cov-2; homeless; license; people; preprint
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        item: #2078 of 5187
          id: cord-292650-i95upz10
      author: Marafini, Irene
       title: LOW FREQUENCY OF COVID-19 IN INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES
        date: 2020-06-13
       words: 1056
      flesch: 42
     summary: A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China Risks of serious infection or lymphoma with anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy for pediatric inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor Quantitative mRNA expression profiling of ACE 2, a novel homologue of angiotensin converting enzyme Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Different Types of Clinical Specimens Evidence for gastrointestinal infection of SARS Uneventful course in IBD patients during SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in northern Italy Are patients with inflammatory bowel disease at increased risk for Covid-19 infection? An analysis of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection showed that some patients experienced gastrointestinal symptoms/signs and the virus was identified in stool samples of infected patients.
    keywords: ibd; patients; sars
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        item: #2079 of 5187
          id: cord-292657-gq3965se
      author: Das, Piyanki
       title: Decoding the global outbreak of COVID-19: the nature is behind the scene
        date: 2020-06-22
       words: 5035
      flesch: 39
     summary: Different host body environment acts as the supportive system for the pathogen which creates extreme selective pressure. Now the pangolin theory as intermediate host for the development of the unique receptor binding site (RBD) in the SARS-CoV-2 can be linked with the report of SARS corona virus in dead pangolins from Guangdong wild life resource in China during the period of COVID outbreak in China [34] .
    keywords: body; environment; evolution; host; host body; human; receptor; sars; virus
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        item: #2080 of 5187
          id: cord-292673-00s3wgem
      author: Buonaguro, Luigi
       title: SARS-CoV-2 RNA polymerase as target for antiviral therapy
        date: 2020-05-05
       words: 2064
      flesch: 41
     summary: Moreover, Sofosbuvir has been already shown to be effective for other positivesense RNA viruses, namely Yellow Fever and Hepatitis A virus [23, 24] . In particular, few analogs are already available originally developed to target RdRps of other RNA viruses, such as Remdesivir (Ebola virus)
    keywords: coronaviruses; rdrp; rna; sars; sense; viruses
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        item: #2081 of 5187
          id: cord-292675-tkyngspy
      author: Qi, Furong
       title: Single cell RNA sequencing of 13 human tissues identify cell types and receptors of human coronaviruses
        date: 2020-03-19
       words: 3525
      flesch: 47
     summary: key: cord-292675-tkyngspy authors: Qi, Furong; Qian, Shen; Zhang, Shuye; Zhang, Zheng title: Single cell RNA sequencing of 13 human tissues identify cell types and receptors of human coronaviruses date: 2020-03-19 journal: Biochem Biophys Res Commun DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.03.044 sha: doc_id: 292675 cord_uid: Angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), is the host receptor by SARS-CoV-2 to infect human cells.
    keywords: ace2; cell; coronavirus; cov-2; expression; human; receptors; sars; tissues
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        item: #2082 of 5187
          id: cord-292733-dya40tln
      author: Lancman, Guido
       title: Severe COVID-19 virus reactivation following treatment for B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
        date: 2020-10-02
       words: 1383
      flesch: 45
     summary: False-negative of RT-PCR and prolonged nucleic acid conversion in COVID-19: rather than recurrence PCR assays turned positive in 25 discharged COVID-19 patients Clinical characteristics of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 reactivation Reactivation of COVID-19 pneumonia: a report of two cases Dasatinib and low-intensity chemotherapy in elderly patients with Philadelphia chromosome-positive ALL SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell immunity in cases of COVID-19 and SARS, and uninfected controls Lymphopenia in severe coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): systematic review and meta-analysis Convalescent plasma therapy and its effects on COVID-19 patient outcomes: a systematic review of current literature Virological assessment of hospitalized patients with COVID-2019 Publisher's Note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations None. GL and MBN wrote the initial draft; JM revised the manuscript. Here, we report a case of severe COVID-19 virus reactivation following chemotherapy, including rituximab, cytarabine, and dasatinib for B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL).
    keywords: covid-19; pcr; reactivation; sars
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        item: #2083 of 5187
          id: cord-292742-mio4przi
      author: McAloose, Denise
       title: From People to Panthera: Natural SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Tigers and Lions at the Bronx Zoo
        date: 2020-10-13
       words: 6384
      flesch: 38
     summary: Among these, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and ebolaviruses have killed thousands; the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has killed millions. The current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) before it raise awareness and concerns about zoonotic (animal-tohuman) diseases and cross-species transmission of coronaviruses (8) (9) (10) (11) .
    keywords: animals; cov-2; data; genome; human; infection; keepers; lions; pcr; positive; samples; sars; sequences; sequencing; tiger; transmission; virus
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        item: #2084 of 5187
          id: cord-292751-tk1oggi9
      author: Hosseini, Elahe Seyed
       title: The novel coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19): Mechanism of action, detection and recent therapeutic strategies
        date: 2020-09-24
       words: 3817
      flesch: 42
     summary: The Lancet infectious diseases Anti-malaria drug chloroquine is highly effective in treating avian influenza A H5N1 virus infection in an animal model Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro Coronaviruses-drug discovery and therapeutic options Treatment of Middle East respiratory syndrome with a combination of lopinavir/ritonavir and interferon-β1b (MIRACLE trial): statistical analysis plan for a recursive two-stage group sequential randomized controlled trial New Nucleoside Analogues for the Treatment of Hemorrhagic Fever Virus Infections Comparative effectiveness of combined favipiravir and oseltamivir therapy versus oseltamivir monotherapy in critically ill patients with influenza virus infection The Novel Chinese Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Infections: challenges for fighting the storm Broad-spectrum antiviral GS-5734 inhibits both epidemic and zoonotic coronaviruses A randomized, controlled trial of Ebola virus disease therapeutics Broad spectrum antiviral remdesivir inhibits human endemic and zoonotic deltacoronaviruses with a highly divergent RNA dependent RNA polymerase Therapeutic efficacy of the small molecule GS-5734 against Ebola virus in rhesus monkeys Initiation, extension, and termination of RNA synthesis by a paramyxovirus polymerase Coronavirus susceptibility to the antiviral remdesivir (GS-5734) is mediated by the viral polymerase and the proofreading exoribonuclease Therapeutic options for the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). MedRxiv Prevalence of comorbidities in the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV): a systematic review and meta-analysis Sex-based differences in susceptibility to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Sexual dimorphism in innate immunity An ultrasensitive, rapid, and portable coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 sequence detection method based on CRISPR-Cas12.
    keywords: 2019; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; infection; ncov; novel; patients; pneumonia; rna; sars
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        item: #2085 of 5187
          id: cord-292836-1o2ynvy3
      author: Ogimi, Chikara
       title: What’s New With the Old Coronaviruses?
        date: 2020-04-21
       words: 5200
      flesch: 41
     summary: Frequency of and relationship between outbreaks of coronavirus infection Epidemiology of viral respiratory tract infections in a prospective cohort of infants and toddlers attending daycare Epidemiology of multiple respiratory viruses in childcare attendees Community surveillance of respiratory viruses among families in the Utah Better Identification of Germs-Longitudinal Viral Epidemiology (BIG-LoVE) study Seroepidemiologic survey of coronavirus (strain 229E) infections in a population of children Severity and outcome associated with human coronavirus OC43 infections among children New Vaccine Surveillance Network. Human coronavirus in young children hospitalized for acute respiratory illness and asymptomatic controls Community study of role of viral infections in exacerbations of asthma in 9-11 year old children The pediatric burden of human coronaviruses evaluated for twenty years Coronavirus-associated pneumonia in previously healthy children Epidemiology and clinical characteristics of human coronaviruses OC43, 229E, NL63, and HKU1: a study of hospitalized children with acute respiratory tract infection in Guangzhou, China Epidemiology and clinical features of human coronaviruses in the pediatric population Characteristics and outcomes of coronavirus infection in children: the role of viral factors and an immunocompromised state Genetic variability of human coronavirus OC43-, 229E-, and NL63-like strains and their association with lower respiratory tract infections of hospitalized infants and immunocompromised patients Detection of rhinovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, and coronavirus infections in acute otitis media by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction Viral upper respiratory tract infection and otitis media complication in young children Croup is associated with the novel coronavirus NL63 Role of human coronavirus NL63 in hospitalized children with croup Human coronavirus OC43 pneumonia in a pediatric cancer patient with Down syndrome and acute lymphoblastic leukemia Fatal respiratory distress syndrome due to coronavirus infection in a child with severe combined immunodeficiency Coronavirus 229E-related pneumonia in immunocompromised patients Fatal lower respiratory tract disease with human corona virus NL63 in an adult haematopoietic cell transplant recipient A multicenter consortium to define the epidemiology and outcomes of inpatient respiratory viral infections in pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients Clinical significance of human coronavirus in bronchoalveolar lavage samples from hematopoietic cell transplant recipients and patients with hematologic malignancies Human rhinovirus and coronavirus detection among allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients Prolonged shedding of human coronavirus in hematopoietic cell transplant recipients: risk factors and viral genome evolution Parallel evolution of influenza across multiple spatiotemporal scales Detection of human coronaviruses in children with acute gastroenteritis Detection of human coronaviruses in simultaneously collected stool samples and nasopharyngeal swabs from hospitalized children with acute gastroenteritis Human coronavirus OC43 associated with fatal encephalitis Detection of coronavirus in the central nervous system of a child with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis The role of human coronaviruses in children hospitalized for acute bronchiolitis, acute gastroenteritis, and febrile seizures: a 2-year prospective study Human coronaviruses and other respiratory viruses: underestimated opportunistic pathogens of the central nervous system? Canadian Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Study Team.
    keywords: children; coronavirus; hcov; human; infection; patients; sars; study; syndrome; viruses
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        item: #2086 of 5187
          id: cord-292874-6zjqflhz
      author: SØRENSEN, MORTEN DRÆBY
       title: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS): Development of Diagnostics and Antivirals
        date: 2006-05-10
       words: 1560
      flesch: 45
     summary: Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): multi-country outbreak Pneumonia causes panic in Guangdong province Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Comparative full-length genome sequence analysis of 14 SARS coronavirus isolates and common mutations associated with putative origins of infection Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Characterization of a novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome The genome sequence of the SARS-associated coronavirus A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Aetiology: Koch's postulates fulfilled for SARS virus Mechanisms and enzymes involved in SARS coronavirus genome expression Severe acute respiratory syndrome among children Severe acute respiratory syndrome Epidemiological determinants of spread of causal agent of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Multi-subunit proteins on the surface of filamentous phage: methodologies for displaying antibody (Fab) heavy and light chains Linkage of recognition and replication functions by assembling combinatorial antibody Fab libraries along phage surfaces By-passing immunization: human antibodies from V-gene libraries displayed on phage Making antibody fragments using phage display libraries Mating antibody phage display with proteomics The human antibody repertoire specific for rabies virus glycoprotein as selected from immune libraries Neutralizing human antibodies to varicella-zoster virus (VZV) derived from a VZV patient recombinant antibody library Neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies to hepatitis A virus recovered by phage display Monoclonal antibodies that neutralize HEV recognize an antigenic site at the carboxyterminus of an ORF2 protein vaccine Neutralizing human Fab fragments against measles virus recovered by phage display Efficient generation of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-neutralizing human MoAbs via human peripheral blood lymphocyte (hu-PBL)-SCID mice and scFv phage display libraries In general two kinds of antibody libraries can be created from donors: immune and naïve (nonimmune) libraries.
    keywords: antibodies; libraries; phage; sars; virus
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        item: #2087 of 5187
          id: cord-292880-zegtr19k
      author: Hu, Fuying
       title: Corticosteroid, oseltamivir and delayed admission are independent risk factors for prolonged viral shedding in patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019
        date: 2020-08-13
       words: 3795
      flesch: 47
     summary: On the one hand, evidence suggested that corticosteroid might reduce the risk of death in patients with COVID-19 who developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) during hospitalization, 4 but on the other hand, corticosteroid was associated with prolonged viral shedding in mild patients, leading to prolonged hospitalization and increased consumption of medical resources. Although proved effective in patients who developed ARDS during hospitalization, corticosteroid should be initiated with caution, especially in mild patients with COVID-19.
    keywords: corticosteroid; covid-19; patients; sars; shedding; study
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        item: #2088 of 5187
          id: cord-292883-7hvq9qaj
      author: Nguyen-Contant, Phuong
       title: S Protein-Reactive IgG and Memory B Cell Production after Human SARS-CoV-2 Infection Includes Broad Reactivity to the S2 Subunit
        date: 2020-09-25
       words: 5385
      flesch: 43
     summary: In particular, we were interested in the presence of SARS-CoV-2-reactive MBCs in unexposed subjects that could confer some protection against SARS-CoV-2 and in formation of MBCs by SARS-CoV-2 infection to provide durable protection against reinfection. Abs that target the S2 subunit have been shown to have virus-neutralizing activity, raising the possibility that the presence of preexisting anti-S2 IgG confers some protection against SARS-CoV-2 (25) .
    keywords: convalescent; cov-2; igg; infection; levels; mbcs; rbd; reactive; sars; subjects
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        item: #2089 of 5187
          id: cord-292972-p7ifetgw
      author: Jiang, Xuan
       title: Does SARS‐CoV‐2 has a longer incubation period than SARS and MERS?
        date: 2020-02-24
       words: 1012
      flesch: 47
     summary: For the MERS datasets, for example, we found only five reports published with accessible raw data, but one report had several patients with incubation times ranged from 0 to 21 days. The first estimate of mean incubation time was based on the exposure information of 10 confirmed early SARS-CoV-2 infected cases in Wuhan, China and was predicted to be 5.
    keywords: coronavirus; incubation; sars
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        item: #2090 of 5187
          id: cord-292985-w62xaa4f
      author: Römer, Rudolf A.
       title: Flexibility and mobility of SARS-CoV-2-related protein structures
        date: 2020-07-12
       words: 5209
      flesch: 54
     summary: Molecular dynamics simulations and multiple X-ray structure analyses Structures of Two Coronavirus Main Proteases: Implications for Substrate Binding and Antiviral Drug Design Targeting the Dimerization of the Main Protease of Coronaviruses: A Potential Broad-Spectrum Therapeutic Strategy Structure of M pro from COVID-19 virus and discovery of its inhibitors Importance of protein dynamics in the structure-based drug discovery of class A G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs Protein conformational flexibility modulates kinetics and thermodynamics of drug binding Rapid simulation of protein motion: merging flexibility, rigidity and normal mode analyses Protein flexibility and dynamics using constraint theory Normal mode analysis of macromolecular motions in a database framework: Developing mode concentration as a useful classifying statistic Conformational change of proteins arising from normal mode calculations On the potential of normal mode analysis for solving difficult molecular replacement problems ElNemo: a normal mode web server for protein movement analysis and the generation of templates for molecular replacement Normal mode analysis and applications in biological physics Constrained geometric simulation of diffusive motion in proteins Docking of Photosystem I Subunit C Using a Constrained Geometric Simulation Protein flexibility is key to cisplatin crosslinking in calmodulin Inhibition of HIV-1 protease: the rigidity perspective Structure and Function in Homodimeric Enzymes: Simulations of Cooperative and Independent Functional Motions The flexibility and dynamics of protein disulfide isomerase Something in the way she moves': We have downloaded protein structure files as deposited on the Protein Data Bank, 35 including all PDB codes that came up when using SARS-CoV-2 and Covid-19 as search terms, as well as minor variations in spelling.
    keywords: cluster; cov-2; cut; domain; flexibility; motion; protein; rigidity; sars; structure
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        item: #2091 of 5187
          id: cord-292988-q1yz9y8k
      author: Zumla, Alimuddin
       title: Reducing mortality and morbidity in patients with severe COVID-19 disease by advancing ongoing trials of Mesenchymal Stromal (stem) Cell (MSC) therapy - achieving global consensus and visibility for cellular host-directed therapies
        date: 2020-05-17
       words: 3163
      flesch: 21
     summary: Mesenchymal stem cells induce suppressive macrophages through phagocytosis in a mouse model of asthma Primary Analysis of a Phase 1/2 Study to Assess MultiStem® Cell Therapy, a Regenerative Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product (ATMP), in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (MUST-ARDS) Patterns of Care, and Mortality for Patients With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Intensive Care Units in 50 Countries Pathogenic human coronavirus infections: causes and consequences of cytokine storm and immunopathology Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Design and validation of a consistent and reproducible manufacture process for the production of clinical-grade bone marrow-derived multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells Prospects and progress in cell therapy for acute respiratory distress syndrome Immunomodulation by therapeutic mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) is triggered through phagocytosis of MSC by monocytic cells Minimal criteria for defining multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells. The international society for cellular therapy position statement Mesenchymal stem cells together with mycophenolate mofetil inhibit antigen presenting cell and T cell infiltration into allogeneic heart grafts Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: Clinical Challenges and Therapeutic Opportunities Effects of mesenchymal stem cells transplantation on cognitive deficits in animal models of Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis Comorbidity and its impact on 1590 patients with Covid-19 in China: A Nationwide Analysis Are mesenchymal stromal cells immune cells Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Anno 2019:
    keywords: cells; covid-19; mesenchymal; mscs; patients; sars; stem; syndrome; trials
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        item: #2092 of 5187
          id: cord-293056-kz3w0nfh
      author: Indes, Jeffrey E.
       title: Early Experience with Arterial Thromboembolic Complications in Patents with COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-28
       words: 1934
      flesch: 47
     summary: Patients with arterial thromboembolic complications and SARS-CoV-2 positive when compared to SARS-CoV-2 negative or admitted for unrelated reasons were younger (64 vs. 70 years, p=0.027), had a significantly higher body mass index (BMI) (32.6 vs. 25.5, p=0.012), a higher D-dimer at the time of imaging (17.3 vs. 1.8, p=0.038), a higher average in hospital D-dimer (8.5 vs. 2.0, p=0.038), a greater distribution of patients with clot in the aortoiliac location (5 vs. 1, p=0.040), less prior use of any antiplatelet medication (21.4% vs. 62.5%, p=0.035) and a higher mortality rate (40.0 % vs. 8.0%, p=0.041). We therefore set out to identify and characterize patients in the early stage of 14 the epidemic with arterial thromboembolic disease and its relationship to SARS-CoV-2 infection 15 at our institution.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; disease; patients; sars
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        item: #2093 of 5187
          id: cord-293059-2iwzieqm
      author: Tao, Huaqiang
       title: Dysimmunity and inflammatory storm: Watch out for bone lesions in COVID-19 infection
        date: 2020-10-06
       words: 1818
      flesch: 29
     summary: However, studies on the correlation between pro-inflammatory cytokine responses and bone metabolism in COVID-19 patients are still lacking. In this special background, will inflammatory disorder and immune imbalance affect bone metabolism after COVID-19 infection?
    keywords: bone; cells; covid-19; immune; patients; sars
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        item: #2094 of 5187
          id: cord-293080-b4pxjrcj
      author: Zhang, Chunyan
       title: Establishing a high sensitivity detection method for SARS-CoV-2 IgM/IgG and developing a clinical application of this method
        date: 2020-09-18
       words: 4178
      flesch: 49
     summary: According to the reports of SARS antibody detection, the antibodies produced by human body mainly target N and S proteins, so using N and S proteins as antigens simultaneously may be able to detect more antibodies, thus improving the detection sensitivity. A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China Open access epidemiological data from the COVID-19 outbreak Understanding of COVID-19 based on current evidence Clinical findings in a group of patients infected with the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2) outside of Wuhan, China: retrospective case series The outbreak of COVID-19: an overview Positive rate of RT-PCR detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection in 4880 cases from one hospital in Development and clinical application of a rapid IgM-IgG combined antibody test for SARS-CoV-2 infection diagnosis Early detection of antibodies against various structural proteins of the SARSassociated coronavirus in SARS patients Longitudinal profile of immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgM, and IgA antibodies against the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus nucleocapsid protein in patients with pneumonia due to the SARS coronavirus Profiles of antibody responses against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus recombinant proteins and their potential use as diagnostic markers Clinical significance of IgM and IgG test for diagnosis of highly suspected COVID-19 infection SARS immunity and vaccination COVID-19 presents high risk to older persons The quest for an antibody-based HIV vaccine Antibody-dependent SARS coronavirus infection is mediated by antibodies against spike proteins We would like to thank the experts in the Wuhan Huoshenshan Hospital, First Hospital of Changsha and Chinese PLA General Hospital for their friendly help.
    keywords: antibody; cov-2; covid-19; detection; igg; igm; patients; sars; test
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        item: #2095 of 5187
          id: cord-293082-fw7deem8
      author: Zhang, Guangzhi
       title: Animal coronaviruses and SARS‐CoV‐2
        date: 2020-08-16
       words: 2077
      flesch: 22
     summary: All rights reserved of SARS-CoV-2 Genetic diversity and selection regulates evolution of infectious bronchitis virus Structural basis for human coronavirus attachment to sialic acid receptors Mutational analysis of aminopeptidase N, a receptor for several group 1 coronaviruses, identifies key determinants of viral host range Early death after feline infectious peritonitis virus challenge due to recombinant vaccinia virus immunization Feline infectious peritonitis viruses arise by mutation from endemic feline enteric coronaviruses Pathogenic characteristics of persistent feline enteric coronavirus infection in cats Receptor Recognition by the Novel Coronavirus from Wuhan: an Analysis Based on Decade-Long Structural Studies of SARS Coronavirus Molecular Mechanism for Antibody-Dependent Enhancement of Coronavirus Entry Development of an Inactivated Vaccine Candidate SARS-CoV-2 invades host cells via a novel route: CD147-spike protein Importance of Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibodies Targeting Multiple Antigenic Sites on the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Spike Glycoprotein To Avoid Neutralization Escape Emerging and re-emerging coronaviruses in pigs As for the receptors utilized by SARS-CoV-2, biophysical and structural data showed that the S 374 protein engages with ACE2 with at least 10 times higher affinity compared to that of SARS-CoV 375 (Wrapp et al. 2020 ).
    keywords: article; copyright; coronavirus; cov-2; rights; sars
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        item: #2096 of 5187
          id: cord-293127-c27qh5y7
      author: Monteleone, Pedro AA
       title: A review of initial data on pregnancy during the COVID-19 outbreak: implications for assisted reproductive treatments
        date: 2020
       words: 4519
      flesch: 37
     summary: The same day, the American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) published a bulletin suggesting that patients who are highly likely to suffer from COVID-19 (i.e., patients who were tested SARS-CoV-2 positive or who have been exposed to confirmed COVID-19 cases within 14 days of onset of their symptoms) should consider freezing oocytes or embryos and avoid embryo transfer until they are symptom-free; however, this recommendation was emphasized to not necessarily apply to suspected COVID-19 cases as symptoms of COVID-19 closely resemble those of other more common forms of respiratory disease (ASRM, 2020a). On March 15 2020, COVID-19 cases have been detected in all 30 countries of the European Union/European Economic Area and in the United Kingdom with a total of 39,768 cases and 1,727 deaths, of which 17,775 cases and 1,441 deaths occurred in Italy alone (European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, 2020) .
    keywords: cases; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; infection; patients; pregnancy; sars; women
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        item: #2097 of 5187
          id: cord-293136-lfwqzf8m
      author: Escosa‐García, Luis
       title: Ten key points about COVID‐19 in children: the shadows on the wall
        date: 2020-08-13
       words: 3634
      flesch: 42
     summary: The coronavirus dilemma Three Hypotheses About Children COVID19 Nasal Gene Expression of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 in Children and Adults Journal Pre-proof Targets of T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus in humans with COVID-19 disease and unexposed individuals Detection of Covid-19 in Children in Early SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Hubei, China COVID-19 Illness in Native and Immunosuppressed States: A Clinical-Therapeutic Staging Proposal Multicenter initial guidance on use of antivirals for children with COVID-19/SARS-CoV-2 Pharmacologic Treatments for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Review Remdesivir for the Treatment of Covid-19 -Preliminary Report Surviving Sepsis Campaign: guidelines on the management of critically ill adults with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Interleukin-6 blockade for severe COVID-19. Children aged <1 year had the highest prevalence of severe and critical disease (10.6%), and 53% of children in pediatric intensive care units (PICU) were infants.
    keywords: children; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; patients; sars
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        item: #2098 of 5187
          id: cord-293167-3bd3adip
      author: Nepal, Gaurav
       title: Neurological manifestations of COVID-19: a systematic review
        date: 2020-07-13
       words: 5554
      flesch: 43
     summary: Acute respiratory distress syndrome, acute heart injury or failure, acute kidney injury, sepsis, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and lifethreatening metabolic derangements have all been reported in COVID-19 patients, particularly among those with underlying comorbidities or advanced age In this systematic review, we evaluate various neurological manifestations reported in COVID-19 patients and hypothesize their underlying pathophysiology.
    keywords: acute; case; china; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; infection; manifestations; patients; sars; studies; study; symptoms
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        item: #2099 of 5187
          id: cord-293169-rd12xwvl
      author: Black, Margaret A.
       title: Analytical performance of lateral flow immunoassay for SARS-CoV-2 exposure screening on venous and capillary blood samples
        date: 2020-11-07
       words: 3007
      flesch: 46
     summary: We also seek to establish the value of LFI testing on blood obtained from a capillary blood sample. We also sought to establish the value of LFI testing on capillary blood obtained from a finger stick sample, as there is currently only one FDA EUA approved assay for capillary blood (DPP COVID-19 IgM/IgG System, Chembio Diagnostic Systems, Inc.)
    keywords: blood; cov-2; igg; igm; samples; sars
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        item: #2100 of 5187
          id: cord-293180-f1ulk9ce
      author: Li, R W K
       title: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and the GDP. Part II: Implications for GDPs
        date: 2004-08-14
       words: 4294
      flesch: 46
     summary: SARS patients are unlikely to seek dental treatment in the early acute phase of the disease owing to the rapid course of the disease and the onset of fever as a primary symptom. Exclusion from duty is recommended if symptoms develop during the 10 days following unprotected exposure to SARS patients (or visit to high-risk areas), and for 10 days after the resolution of symptoms.
    keywords: aerosol; air; contact; control; dental; disease; health; infection; patient; sars; use
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        item: #2101 of 5187
          id: cord-293259-o51fnvuw
      author: Sinaei, Reza
       title: Why COVID-19 is less frequent and severe in children: a narrative review
        date: 2020-09-25
       words: 7048
      flesch: 41
     summary: Genomic contributions and opportunities Association of common genetic variation in the protein C pathway genes with clinical outcomes in acute respiratory distress syndrome Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist is associated with pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome and worse outcomes in children with acute respiratory failure Identification of novel single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome by exome-seq Association of polymorphisms in genes of factors involved in regulation of splicing of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator mRNA with acute respiratory distress syndrome in children with pneumonia Genetic gateways to COVID-19 infection: implications for risk, severity, and outcomes Differential expression of COVID-19-related genes in European Americans and African Americans Analysis of genetic host response risk factors in severe COVID-19 patients Down-regulated gene expression spectrum and immune responses changed during the disease progression in COVID-19 patients Genomewide association study of severe Covid-19 with respiratory failure The authors thank the staff and participants of this In a retrospective review of all COVID-19 patients treated at Wuhan union hospital until March 20, 2020, Mi et al. evaluated the correlation between prior exposures to MP and better clinical response in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: adults; age; cases; children; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; mis; patients; pediatric; response; sars; syndrome
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        item: #2102 of 5187
          id: cord-293265-qqxlwpju
      author: Zeng, Yong
       title: Clinical characteristics of 9 cancer patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-05-14
       words: 1371
      flesch: 45
     summary: 56% of patients showed signs of multiple mottling and ground-glass opacity, in other studies, earlystage chest CT examination mostly showed multiple, small patch-like shadows and interstitial changes [13] , which may indicate that in cancer patients with SARS-CoV-2 infections lung lesions progressed faster. D-dimmer rise, infection index rise, and chest CT(computed tomography) progression may be clinical warning indicators for severe patients, in our study, more 50% of patients had elevated levels of these indicators, but only 44% (including the dead) of patients had received treatment in the intensive care unit.
    keywords: cancer; medicine; patients; sars
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        item: #2103 of 5187
          id: cord-293274-ysr1l557
      author: Perisé-Barrios, Ana Judith
       title: Humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 by healthy and sick dogs during COVID-19 pandemic in Spain
        date: 2020-09-22
       words: 4140
      flesch: 48
     summary: In dogs, canine enteric coronavirus (CCoV), an α-CoV, causes an enteritis of variable severity (rarely fatal) and develop immunity; however some of the recovered dogs become carriers with the ability to infect other dogs. Our findings show that sick dogs presented severe alveolar or interstitial pattern, with pulmonary opacity, parenchymal abnormalities, and bilateral lesions.
    keywords: animals; canine; cov-2; covid-19; dogs; igg; infection; sars
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        item: #2104 of 5187
          id: cord-293301-7bmj8qsv
      author: Buonanno, Giorgio
       title: Estimation of airborne viral emission: quanta emission rate of SARS-CoV-2 for infection risk assessment
        date: 2020-04-17
       words: 4390
      flesch: 36
     summary: key: cord-293301-7bmj8qsv authors: Buonanno, Giorgio; Stabile, Luca; Morawska, Lidia title: Estimation of airborne viral emission: quanta emission rate of SARS-CoV-2 for infection risk assessment date: 2020-04-17 journal: nan DOI: 10.1101/2020.04.12.20062828 sha: doc_id: 293301 cord_uid: 7bmj8qsv Airborne transmission is a pathway of contagion that is still not sufficiently investigated despite the evidence in the scientific literature of the role it can play in the context of an epidemic. The findings in terms of quanta emission rates were then adopted in infection risk models to demonstrate its application by evaluating the number of people infected by an asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 subject in Italian indoor microenvironments before and after the introduction of virus containment measures.
    keywords: activity; emission; load; quanta; rate; ventilation
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        item: #2105 of 5187
          id: cord-293304-kakxmc14
      author: Achutha, A. S.
       title: Theoretical Insights into the Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Activity of Chloroquine and Its Analogs and In Silico Screening of Main Protease Inhibitors
        date: 2020-09-22
       words: 5899
      flesch: 50
     summary: Binding energy obtained for docking CQ and HCQ with 3CL pro and PfDHFR-TS; structure of CQ analogs with 4-aminoquinoline scaffold; structure of chloroquine analogs with quinoline scaffold, values for internal and external validation criteria, binding energy values of training and test molecules predicted with Model 2; domains and active site of 6LU7 bound with inhibitor N3; 2D interaction diagrams of docked complexes of CQ, HCQ with 3CL pro ; docked poses of CQ and HCQ in active site of 6LU7; 2D interaction diagrams of 29, 25, 22, 8, 24, 1, and 10 with 6LU7; structures of screened compounds from Asinex compound library; 2D interaction diagram of compounds having unfavorable interaction with target; 2D interaction diagrams of Asinex compounds with 6LU7 protein (PDF) Research and Development on Therapeutic Agents and Vaccines for COVID-19 and Related Human Coronavirus Diseases Diagnosing COVID-19: The Disease and Tools for Detection A Review of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Based on Current Evidence Coronavirus Disease 2019: Model 2 was selected for further studies since it was the best fit model with next highest R 2 and Q 2 loo , which represents the fitness, robustness of the model, and the proximity of actual and predicted binding energy values.
    keywords: 3cl; binding; chloroquine; compounds; cys145; docking; energy; hcq; interactions; model; molecular; protein
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        item: #2106 of 5187
          id: cord-293315-kx4x2g24
      author: Colmenero, I.
       title: SARS‐CoV‐2 endothelial infection causes COVID‐19 chilblains: histopathological, immunohistochemical and ultraestructural study of 7 paediatric cases
        date: 2020-06-20
       words: 2534
      flesch: 37
     summary: All rights reserved Lymphocytic vascular damage was the hallmark feature in biopsies from our 7 patients with COVID-19 related chilblains. Histological features of COVID-19 related chilblains have been only scarcely described.
    keywords: cases; cells; chilblains; covid-19; patients; sars
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        item: #2107 of 5187
          id: cord-293367-0fe62h2f
      author: Henderson, Lauren A.
       title: American College of Rheumatology Clinical Guidance for Pediatric Patients with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS‐C) Associated with SARS‐CoV‐2 and Hyperinflammation in COVID‐19. Version 1
        date: 2020-07-23
       words: 6235
      flesch: 30
     summary: All rights reserved RECOVERY trial) report that low to moderate dose dexamethasone significantly reduced mortality in COVID-19 patients requiring mechanical ventilation; but was reported after voting had occurred.(90, 91) Based on these studies that suggest that patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia may benefit from immunomodulation with glucocorticoids, the Task Force achieved moderate consensus that glucocorticoid treatment could be considered in pediatric patients with severe COVID-19 and signs of hyperinflammation. The first webinar was used to confirm the target audience for the guidance, which focuses on clinicians in North America managing pediatric patients with inflammatory syndromes related to recent or concurrent infections with SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: article; children; cov-2; covid-19; disease; guidance; mis; patients; pediatric; sars; syndrome; treatment
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        item: #2108 of 5187
          id: cord-293382-uyat0w58
      author: Walker, Susanne N.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 Assays To Detect Functional Antibody Responses That Block ACE2 Recognition in Vaccinated Animals and Infected Patients
        date: 2020-10-21
       words: 4846
      flesch: 49
     summary: To demonstrate the feasibility of this assay, we used ACE2-IgHu as both the sample (ACE2 sample ) and the receptor (ACE2 receptor ). SPR-based assay for ACE2 receptor blocking.
    keywords: ace2; assay; binding; blocking; cov-2; fig; protein; receptor; sars; sera; spike
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        item: #2109 of 5187
          id: cord-293389-3h9vsc1a
      author: Risitano, Antonio M.
       title: Complement as a target in COVID-19?
        date: 2020-04-23
       words: 1074
      flesch: 28
     summary: An important caveat is that, although complement activation has been associated with the pathophysiology of ARDS caused by various underlying diseases 5 , clinical data on the role of complement activation in the development of SARS-CoV-2-associated ARDS are scarce. However, C5 inhibition by these agents can be partial, allowing residual terminal pathway activity to skew efficacy in cases of excessive complement activation, which is often seen in infections.
    keywords: complement; covid-19
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        item: #2110 of 5187
          id: cord-293415-u9onutny
      author: Amendola, A.
       title: Human cardiac stromal cells exposed to SARS-CoV-2 evolve into hyper-inflammatory/pro-fibrotic phenotype and produce infective viral particles depending on the levels of ACE2 receptor expression
        date: 2020-11-10
       words: 3529
      flesch: 39
     summary: Although the presence of the virus has been detected in the myocardium of infected patients, and infection of cardiac cells may involve ACE2 receptor, the underlying molecular/cellular mechanisms are still uncharacterized. key: cord-293415-u9onutny authors: Amendola, A.; Garoffolo, G.; Songia, P.; Ferrari, S.; Bernava, G.; Canzano, P.; Myasoedova, V.; Colavita, F.; Castilletti, C.; Sberna, G.; Capobianchi, M. R.; Agrifoglio, M.; Colombo, G. I.; Poggio, P.; Pesce, M. title: Human cardiac stromal cells exposed to SARS-CoV-2 evolve into hyper-inflammatory/pro-fibrotic phenotype and produce infective viral particles depending on the levels of ACE2 receptor expression date: 2020-11-10 journal: nan DOI: 10.1101/2020.11.06.20226423 sha: doc_id: 293415 cord_uid: u9onutny Patients with severe respiratory syndrome caused by SARS-CoV-2 undergo cardiac complications due to hyper-inflammatory conditions.
    keywords: ace2; cardiac; cells; expression; medrxiv; preprint; sars
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        item: #2111 of 5187
          id: cord-293481-bmfj50fb
      author: Malin, Jakob J.
       title: Remdesivir against COVID-19 and Other Viral Diseases
        date: 2020-10-14
       words: 9125
      flesch: 37
     summary: They found that the activity of remdesivir includes both contemporary human and highly divergent zoonotic CoVs and that natural variations in wild-type RdRp do not confer remdesivir resistance. Recently, the efficacy of remdesivir treatment was finally tested in a rhesus macaque model of SARS-CoV-2 infection (53) .
    keywords: antiviral; cell; clinical; cov-2; covid-19; data; drug; efficacy; mers; nucleoside; patients; remdesivir; rna; sars; study; treatment; trial; virus
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        item: #2112 of 5187
          id: cord-293503-e7be12qb
      author: Xiang, Chao
       title: CT Findings in a Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pneumonia at Initial Presentation
        date: 2020-08-15
       words: 3322
      flesch: 46
     summary: Most types of COVID-19 pneumonia have abnormal radiographic changes at initial presentation, and CT features and patterns are similar to those of viral pneumonia. Although a patient with exposure history may be asymptomatic and obtained negative results of CT findings and viral nucleic acid test at initial presentation, the potential infection cannot be totally excluded, and performing repeating CT scan and coronavirus RNA test is needed.
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; features; patients; pneumonia; sars
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        item: #2113 of 5187
          id: cord-293517-8derad2p
      author: Fischer, Johannes C.
       title: Correction to: The role of passive immunization in the age of SARS-CoV-2: an update
        date: 2020-10-30
       words: 191
      flesch: 55
     summary: The role of passive immunization in the age of SARS-CoV-2: an update Publisher's Note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations Fischer et al. High activity natural killer cell during target attack.
    keywords: sars
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        item: #2114 of 5187
          id: cord-293543-87ulnpdm
      author: Shalhoub, Sarah
       title: Interferon beta-1b for COVID-19
        date: 2020-05-10
       words: 958
      flesch: 43
     summary: World Health Organization Evaluation of antiviral therapies for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia in Shanghai Role of lopinavir/ritonavir in the treatment of SARS: initial virological and clinical findings Description and clinical treatment of an early outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Guangzhou, PR China Ribavirin and interferon therapy for critically ill patients with Middle East respiratory syndrome: a multicenter observational study Ribavirin and interferon alfa-2a for severe Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection: a retrospective cohort study Weak induction of interferon expression by SARS-CoV-2 supports clinical trials of interferon lambda SARS-CoV-2 sensitive to type I interferon pretreatment Triple combination of interferon beta-1b, lopinavir-ritonavir, and ribavirin in the treatment of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19: an open-label, randomised, phase 2 trial A trial of lopinavir-ritonavir in adults hospitalized with severe Covid-19 Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study 5,6 SARS-CoV-2 triggered lower type I interferon responses than SARS-CoV in an ex-vivo study in human lung tissue 7 and was found to be more susceptible to type I interferons than SARS-CoV. 8 In The Lancet, Ivan Fan-Ngai Hung and colleagues 9 present the results of an open-label, randomised, phase 2 trial that examined the effect of a triple combination regimen of interferon beta-1b 8 million international units (0·25 mg) on alternate days, lopinavir 400 mg plus ritonavir 100 mg every 12 h, and ribavirin 400 mg every 12 h, compared with lopinavir 400 mg plus ritonavir 100 mg every 12 h alone.
    keywords: interferon; patients; sars
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        item: #2115 of 5187
          id: cord-293544-nemw29r7
      author: Valdivia, Arantxa
       title: Qualitative assessment of SARS‐CoV‐2‐specific antibody avidity by lateral flow immunochromatographic IgG/IgM antibody assay
        date: 2020-08-02
       words: 768
      flesch: 29
     summary: T A B L E 2 Qualitative assessment of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody avidity in serial serum samples from patients with COVID Laboratory testing strategy recommendations for COVID-19: interim guidance False-negative results of initial RT-PCR assays for Covid-19: a systematic review SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing-questions to be asked Temporal profiles of viral load in posterior oropharyngeal saliva samples and serum antibody responses during infection by SARS-CoV-2: an observational cohort study Virological assessment of hospitalized patients with COVID-2019 Predicting infectious SARS-CoV-2 from diagnostic samples The distribution and functions of immunoglobulin isotypes. key: cord-293544-nemw29r7 authors: Valdivia, Arantxa; Torres, Ignacio; Huntley, Dixie; Alcaraz, María J.; Albert, Eliseo; Colomina, Javier; Ferrer, Josep; Carratalá, Arturo; Navarro, David title: Qualitative assessment of SARS‐CoV‐2‐specific antibody avidity by lateral flow immunochromatographic IgG/IgM antibody assay date: 2020-08-02 journal: J Med Virol DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26344 sha: doc_id: 293544 cord_uid: nemw29r7 Knowledge of the precise timing of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection may be of clinical and epidemiological relevance.
    keywords: antibody; avidity; sars
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        item: #2116 of 5187
          id: cord-293547-29i3u83s
      author: Pfaar, O
       title: COVID‐19 pandemic: Practical considerations on the organization of an allergy clinic – an EAACI/ARIA Position Paper
        date: 2020-06-12
       words: 8815
      flesch: 37
     summary: Early Transmission Dynamics in Wuhan, China, of Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia Coronavirus disease (COVID-2019) situation reports Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America (aafa) Baseline Characteristics and Outcomes of 1591 Patients Infected With SARS-CoV-2 Clinical characteristics of 140 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) technical guidance: Patient management Eleven faces of coronavirus disease 2019 Considerations on Biologicals for Patients with allergic disease in times of the COVID-19 pandemic: an EAACI Statement Handling of allergen immunotherapy in the COVID-19 pandemic: An ARIA-EAACI statement Treatment of chronic RhinoSinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) in the COVID-19 pandemic -An EAACI Position Paper Is diet partly responsible for differences in COVID-19 death rates between and within countries? ARIA-EAACI statement on Asthma and COVID-19 COVID-19 in a designated infectious diseases hospital outside Hubei Province Distinct characteristics of COVID-19 patients with initial rRT-PCR-positive and rRT-PCR-negative results for SARS-CoV-2 Advanced forecasting of SARS-CoV-2-related deaths in Italy Is global BCG vaccination-induced trained immunity relevant to the progression of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic? Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) affects approximately 5-12% of the general population worldwide and is regarded as a chronic airway disease, that, according to WHO recommendations, may be a risk factor for COVID-19 patients
    keywords: allergy; article; asthma; care; case; clinic; copyright; cov-2; covid-19; disease; eaaci; health; infection; pandemic; patients; rights; risk; sars; symptoms; treatment
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        item: #2117 of 5187
          id: cord-293557-jcgc93it
      author: Recalde, Borja
       title: Histopathological findings in fatal COVID-19 severe acute respiratory syndrome: preliminary experience from a series of 10 Spanish patients
        date: 2020-08-23
       words: 1415
      flesch: 43
     summary: Mortality analyses Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome COVID-19 autopsies Histopathology and ultrastructural findings of fatal COVID-19 infections Endothelial cell infection and endotheliitis in COVID-19 Lung pathology of fatal severe acute respiratory syndrome Histopathology of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronovirus (MERS-CoV) infection -clinicopathological and ultrastructural study COVID-19 infection: the perspectives on immune responses COVID19 coagulopathy in Caucasian patients Left ventricular performance in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome: a 30-day echocardiographic follow-up study Contributors BR has sampled all postmortem biopsy and written the manuscript. However, autopsies in COVID-19 patients were only allowed under strict biosecurity regulations.
    keywords: cases; covid-19; lung; patients; sars
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        item: #2118 of 5187
          id: cord-293559-c78wcr8m
      author: Rego, Gabriel N. A.
       title: Current Clinical Trials Protocols and the Global Effort for Immunization against SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-08-25
       words: 9763
      flesch: 53
     summary: The current landscape of COVID-19 vaccine development shows that most CTPs are being developed in Asia (Table A1 ). Based on 50 current studies selected from the main clinical trial databases, this systematic review summarizes the global race for vaccine development against COVID-19.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; ctps; development; figure; iii; immunogenicity; mrna; phase; protein; safety; sars; study; trial; vaccine
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        item: #2119 of 5187
          id: cord-293564-6xtg8uqt
      author: Hara, Tasuku
       title: Infection risk in a gastroenterological ward during a nosocomial COVID‐19 infection event
        date: 2020-04-22
       words: 453
      flesch: 37
     summary: To assess the risk of COVID-19 infection, the exposure-risk category and underlying conditions and their relationship with a positive PCR result were examined. Exposure-risk categories, which is based on whether patients and healthcare professionals use personal protective equipment, were assessed using Interim U.S. Guidance for Risk The basic reproduction number (R0: the number of people a single patient is expected to infect) for COVID-19 is estimated at 2.2 (1.4-3.9). key: cord-293564-6xtg8uqt authors: Hara, Tasuku; Yamamoto, Chie; Sawada, Ryo; Ohara, Tomoya; Oka, Kohei; Iwai, Naoto; Inada, Yutaka; Tsuji, Toshifumi; Okuda, Takashi; Komaki, Toshiyuki; Kagawa, Keizo title: Infection risk in a gastroenterological ward during a nosocomial COVID‐19 infection event date: 2020-04-22 journal: J Med Virol DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25853 sha: doc_id: 293564 cord_uid: 6xtg8uqt
    keywords: infection; risk
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        item: #2120 of 5187
          id: cord-293578-yu2i0u2h
      author: Kusadasi, Nuray
       title: A Pathophysiological Perspective on the SARS-CoV-2 Coagulopathy
        date: 2020-08-10
       words: 3918
      flesch: 27
     summary: medRxiv Is there an association between COVID-19 mortality and the renin-angiotensin system-a call for epidemiologic investigations Complement associated microvascular injury and thrombosis in the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19 infection: a report of five cases Abnormal coagulation parameters are associated with poor prognosis in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia Kallikrein-kinin blockade in patients with COVID-19 to prevent acute respiratory distress syndrome Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as a SARS-CoV-2 receptor: molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic target Incidence of thrombotic complications in critically ill ICU patients with COVID-19 Thromboembolic events and apparent heparin resistance in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 Incidence of venous thromboembolism in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 Venous thrombosis among critically ill patients with coronavirus disease Clinical pathology of critical patient with novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID 19) Pathological study of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) through postmortem core biopsies The emerging spectrum of cardiopulmonary pathology of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Report of 3 autopsies from Houston, Texas, and review of autopsy findings from other United States cities Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome Inflammation and haemostasis Tissue factor up-regulation in proinflammatory conditions confers thrombin generation capacity to endothelial colony-forming cells without influencing non-coagulant properties in vitro The endothelial protein C receptor supports tissue factor ternary coagulation initiation complex signaling through protease-activated receptors Potential role of activated factor VIII (FVIIIa) in FVIIa/tissue factor-dependent FXa generation in initiation phase of blood coagulation Intrinsic pathway of coagulation and thrombosis Coagulation factor XII in thrombosis and inflammation A mechanism for hereditary angioedema with normal C1 inhibitor: an inhibitory regulatory role for the factor XII heavy chain Hereditary angioedema: the plasma contact system out of control A mutation in the kringle domain of human factor XII that causes autoinflammation, disturbs zymogen quiescence, and accelerates activation Cold-induced urticarial autoinflammatory syndrome related to factor XII activation Thrombosis as an intravascular effector of innate immunity Blood coagulation in immunothrombosis-At the frontline of intravascular immunity Immunothrombosis in acute respiratory distress syndrome: cross talks between inflammation and coagulation Linking endothelial dysfunction with endothelial cell activation Sepsis-associated coagulopathy Inhibition of the extrinsic or intrinsic coagulation pathway during pneumonia-derived sepsis Endothelial cell and hemostatic activation in relation to cytokines in patients with sepsis Neutrophil extracellular traps induce endothelial cell activation and tissue factor production through interleukin-1alpha and cathepsin G Clinical and immunological features of severe and moderate coronavirus disease 2019 Dysregulation of immune response in patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China The proinflammatory cytokine response to coagulation and endotoxin in whole blood Roles for thrombin and fibrin(ogen) in cytokine/ chemokine production and macrophage adhesion in vivo Protease-activated receptors 1 and 4 mediate activation of human platelets by thrombin Thrombin increases inflammatory cytokine and angiogenic growth factor secretion in human adipose cells in vitro Characterization of the enhanced adhesion of neutrophil leukocytes to thrombin-stimulated endothelial cells Stimulation of neutrophil adherence to vascular endothelial cells by histamine and thrombin and its inhibition by PAF antagonists and dexamethasone Quantitative analysis of thrombomodulin-mediated conversion of protein C to APC: translation from in vitro to in vivo Activated protein C inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) production in the THP-1 monocytic cell line Protein C zymogen in severe sepsis: a double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized study A systematic summary of systematic reviews on anticoagulant therapy in sepsis Activation of protein C and thrombin activable fibrinolysis inhibitor on cultured human endothelial cells Identification of functionally important negatively charged residues in the carboxy end of mouse hepatitis coronavirus A59 nucleocapsid protein Negatively charged residues in the endodomain are critical for specific assembly of spike protein into murine coronavirus Analyses of coronavirus assembly interactions with interspecies membrane and nucleocapsid protein chimeras Biochemical characterization of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein Emerging anticoagulant strategies Factor XII Contact Activation Factor XII as a therapeutic target in thromboembolic and inflammatory diseases Factor XII-dependent fibrinolysis: a double function of plasma kallikrein and the occurrence of a previously undescribed factor XII-and kallikrein-dependent plasminogen proactivator Contact pathway of coagulation and inflammation Plasma kallikrein inhibitors in cardiovascular disease: an innovative therapeutic approach A kallikrein-targeting RNA aptamer inhibits the intrinsic pathway of coagulation and reduces bradykinin release The contact activation system as a potential therapeutic target in patients with COVID-19 Endothelial cell infection and endotheliitis in COVID-19 High levels of coagulation factors and venous thrombosis risk: strongest association for factor VIII and von Willebrand factor Involvement of ADAMTS13 and von Willebrand factor in thromboembolic events in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 Hypoxia downregulates protein S expression Hypoxia and thrombosis Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 is a basichelix-loop-helix-PAS heterodimer regulated by cellular O2 tension Thrombin activates the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 signaling pathway in vascular smooth muscle cells: Role of the p22(phox)-containing NADPH oxidase The stimulation of thrombosis by hypoxia Role of adipose tissue in haemostasis, coagulation and fibrinolysis Obesity a risk factor for severe COVID-19 Infection: multiple potential mechanisms New insights into the role of adipose tissue in thrombosis High risk of thrombosis in patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection: a multicenter prospective cohort study COVID-19 and its implications for thrombosis and anticoagulation Coagulation abnormalities and thrombosis in patients with COVID-19 A human antithrombin isoform dampens inflammatory responses and protects from organ damage during bacterial infection Anti-viral activity of human antithrombin III Serpin induced antiviral activity of prostaglandin synthetase-2 against HIV-1 replication Inhibition of HCV by the serpin antithrombin III Anti-HSV activity of serpin antithrombin III Prekallikrein (PK) generates FXIIa on the surface of activated endothelial cells, in a receptordependent manner.
    keywords: activation; coagulation; cov-2; factor; infection; patients; sars; system; thrombin
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        item: #2121 of 5187
          id: cord-293579-w5sub348
      author: Che, Xiao-yan
       title: Antigenic Cross-Reactivity between Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome—Associated Coronavirus and Human Coronaviruses 229E and OC43
        date: 2005-06-15
       words: 2581
      flesch: 42
     summary: A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Human coronavirus infections Characterization of a novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Antigenic cross-reactivity between the nucleocapsid protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus and polyclonal antisera of antigenic group I animal coronaviruses: implication for SARS diagnosis Evaluation of antibody responses against SARS coronaviral nucleocapsid or spike proteins by immunoblotting or ELISA Relative rates of non-pneumonic SARS coronavirus infection and SARS coronavirus pneumonia Detection of SARS coronavirus in patients with suspected SARS Sensitive and specific monoclonal antibody-based capture enzyme immunoassay for detection of nucleocapsid antigen in sera from patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Antigenic relationships among proteins of bovine coronavirus, human respiratory coronavirus OC43, and mouse hepatitis coronavirus A59 Detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus nucleocapsid protein in SARS patients by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Antigenic relationships amongst coronaviruses Antigenic relationships among the coronaviruses of man and between human and animal coronaviruses Antigenic relationship of the feline infectious peritonitis virus to coronaviruses of other species Immunogenicity and antigenicity of human coronaviruses 229E and OC43 Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome We thank Biao Di (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangzhou, People's Republic of China), for providing the serological data of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome for analysis, and San Francisco Edit, for assistance in editing the manuscript. The serum samples from patients with SARS had antibody responses to SARS-CoV as well as to HCoV-229E and HCoV-OC43 when nucleocapsid proteins were used in the Western blot analysis and when CoV-infected cells were used in the IFA.
    keywords: hcov; hcov-229e; oc43; sars; serum
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        item: #2122 of 5187
          id: cord-293615-f1e6hs11
      author: Dockery, Dominique M.
       title: The Ocular Manifestations and Transmission of COVID-19; Recommendations for Prevention
        date: 2020-05-08
       words: 904
      flesch: 36
     summary: Conclusions All healthcare professionals should ask patients about ocular symptoms consistent with SARS-CoV-2, use eye protection such as goggles or face shields as part of the standard personal protective equipment (PPE) for high-risk patients in addition to wearing of masks both by the patient and provider, and should consider tears to be potentially infectious. Suspected COVID-19 120 patients could also have experienced ocular symptoms that are being underreported.
    keywords: cov-2; patients; sars
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        item: #2123 of 5187
          id: cord-293655-2ab7wdsk
      author: Mandic-Rajcevic, S.
       title: Contact tracing and isolation of asymptomatic spreaders to successfully control the COVID-19 epidemic among healthcare workers in Milan (Italy)
        date: 2020-05-08
       words: 6613
      flesch: 50
     summary: If the worker was absent for 14 days or more (same as COVID-19 positive workers) and/or showed typical symptoms, she or he was treated as a COVID-19 patient. For a smaller group of workers who reported their symptoms also in the 5 days leading to the positive NF swab, Figure 7 shows the body temperature and Figure 8 shows other reported symptoms (days -5 to 0).
    keywords: covid-19; days; hcws; license; preprint; sars; swab; symptoms; workers
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        item: #2124 of 5187
          id: cord-293688-g6kag5ij
      author: Nora, Holtmann
       title: Assessment of SARS-CoV-2 in human semen - a cohort study
        date: 2020-05-29
       words: 2235
      flesch: 50
     summary: Here, our study differs from the report of Song et al. showed though that 6 out of 38 males with a positive nasopharyngeal swap who still had 303 symptoms or stopped having symptoms 2-3 days before semen analysis presented with SARS CoV-2 in the semen (17) . No RNA was detected by RT-PCR in the semen including semen samples from two patients with an acute COVID-19 infection.
    keywords: covid-19; infection; patients; sars; semen; sperm
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        item: #2125 of 5187
          id: cord-293692-t5rfvyvj
      author: Kazi, Sajida
       title: The delights and perils of publishing, knowledge-sharing and critique during a pandemic: Observations from COVID-19 coagulopathies
        date: 2020-05-16
       words: 1964
      flesch: 30
     summary: World Health Organization, WHO Director-General's opening remarks at the mission briefing on COVID-19 Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China Naming the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and the virus that causes it, World Heal The species Severe acute respiratory syndromerelated coronavirus: classifying 2019-nCoV and naming it SARS-CoV-2 Abnormal coagulation parameters are associated with poor prognosis in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia Hypercoagulability of COVID-19 patients in Intensive Care Unit. Evidence continues to accumulate as COVID-19 infections escalate, and as more countries present their findings.
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; data; disease; patients
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        item: #2126 of 5187
          id: cord-293701-u4ntxo0y
      author: Su, Shan
       title: Learning from the past: development of safe and effective COVID-19 vaccines
        date: 2020-10-16
       words: 8222
      flesch: 27
     summary: A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Structure, function, and antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein Effects of a SARS-associated coronavirus vaccine in monkeys Adenovirus-based vaccine prevents pneumonia in ferrets challenged with the SARS coronavirus and stimulates robust immune responses in macaques Immunization with modified vaccinia virus Ankara-based recombinant vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome is associated with enhanced hepatitis in ferrets Evaluation of modified vaccinia virus Ankara based recombinant SARS vaccine in ferrets A double-inactivated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus vaccine provides incomplete protection in mice and induces increased eosinophilic proinflammatory pulmonary response upon challenge Prior immunization with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) nucleocapsid protein causes severe pneumonia in mice infected with SARS-CoV Immunization with SARS coronavirus vaccines leads to pulmonary immunopathology on challenge with the SARS virus Immunodominant SARS coronavirus epitopes in humans elicited both enhancing and neutralizing effects on infection in non-human primates A DNA vaccine induces SARS coronavirus neutralization and protective immunity in mice A SARS DNA vaccine induces neutralizing antibody and cellular immune responses in healthy adults in a phase I clinical trial Antibodies against trimeric S glycoprotein protect hamsters against SARS-CoV challenge despite their capacity to mediate FcgammaRII-dependent entry into B cells in vitro Antibody-dependent infection of human macrophages by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Antibody-dependent SARS coronavirus infection is mediated by antibodies against spike proteins Recent advances in the vaccine development against middle east respiratory syndrome-coronavirus Vaccines for the prevention against the threat of MERS-CoV Immunization with inactivated middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus vaccine leads to lung immunopathology on challenge with live virus Single-dose, intranasal immunization with recombinant parainfluenza virus 5 expressing middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) spike protein protects mice from fatal MERS-CoV infection Molecular mechanism for antibodydependent enhancement of coronavirus entry Enhanced inflammation in New Zealand white rabbits when MERS-CoV reinfection occurs in the absence of neutralizing antibody Safety and immunogenicity of an anti-Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus DNA vaccine: a phase 1, open-label, single-arm, dose-escalation trial Safety and immunogenicity of a modified vaccinia virus Ankara vector vaccine candidate for Middle East respiratory syndrome: an open-label, phase 1 trial Safety and immunogenicity of a candidate Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus viral-vectored vaccine: a dose-escalation, open-label, non-randomised, uncontrolled, phase 1 trial Antibody-dependent enhancement of Ebola virus infection Infection of human lymphomononuclear cells by SARS-CoV-2 Differential chemokine expression following respiratory virus infection reflects Th1-or Th2-biased immunopathology Novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in humans: a scoping review and meta-analysis Dexamethasone for COVID-19: preliminary findings Temporal profiles of viral load in posterior oropharyngeal saliva samples and serum antibody responses during infection by SARS-CoV-2: an observational cohort study Detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral and cellular immunity in COVID-19 convalescent individuals Viral dynamics and immune correlates of COVID-19 disease severity Profile of IgG and IgM antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Nevada State Public Health Lab-led team studying COVID-19 reinfection COVID-19 Re-infection by a phylogenetically distinct SARS-CoV-2 variant, first confirmed event in South America COVID-19 re-infection by a phylogenetically distinct SARS-coronavirus-2 strain confirmed by whole genome sequencing Symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 reinfection by a phylogenetically distinct strain Identification of human single-domain antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine efficacy in senescent mice challenged with recombinant SARS-CoV bearing epidemic and zoonotic spike variants Comorbidity and its impact on 1590 patients with COVID-19 in China: a nationwide analysis Consensus summary report for CEPI/BC March 12-13, 2020 meeting: assessment of risk of disease enhancement with COVID-19 vaccines COVID-19: immunopathology and its implications for therapy SARS-CoV-2 vaccines: 'warp speed' needs mind melds not warped minds Receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV spike protein induces long-term protective immunity in an animal model FDA. Similarly to COVID-19 vaccine developers, researchers first sought SARS vaccines based on inactivated virus, recombinant subunit proteins and recombinant vectors.
    keywords: antibodies; antibody; cell; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; covid-19; infection; protein; responses; rsv; sars; vaccine; virus
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        item: #2127 of 5187
          id: cord-293710-f1tzt6jb
      author: Karolyi, M.
       title: Late onset pulmonary embolism in young male otherwise healthy COVID-19 patients
        date: 2020-09-23
       words: 1428
      flesch: 46
     summary: This should raise suspicion of PE even in patients who received prophylactic anticoagulation as shown by patient 3. After initial resolution of symptoms patients had to be admitted to the Kaiser-Franz-Josef Hospital because of new onset of symptoms.
    keywords: anticoagulation; covid-19; patients
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        item: #2128 of 5187
          id: cord-293715-lipme817
      author: Hutchison, Lisa
       title: Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in an Adolescent Boy with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C)
        date: 2020-06-30
       words: 3237
      flesch: 37
     summary: Across case series, the number of patients with MIS-C who had a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR ranged from 13-69% while the number of patients with positive serology ranged from 53-97% (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) . First, delirium and other neuropsychiatric symptoms ranging from encephalitis to focal neuropathies, changes in taste and smell, and acute brainstem dysfunction have been described in patients with COVID-19 (20) (21) .
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; day; mis; patient; sars; symptoms; syndrome
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        item: #2129 of 5187
          id: cord-293732-rxd1lyi7
      author: Manoj, M.G.
       title: Potential link between compromised air quality and transmission of the novel corona virus (SARS-CoV-2) in affected areas
        date: 2020-08-01
       words: 4182
      flesch: 39
     summary: Since UV index is much higher in Kerala (>10) in a polluted environment, the elevated levels of ground level ozone produced would further deteriorate air quality by which it infects the lungs to make a supporting platform for virus infection (Gerba et al., 2002; Hijnen et al., 2006; Tseng and Li, 2007) . Will Coronavirus Pandemic Diminish by Summer? Effects of air temperature and relative humidity on coronavirus survival on surfaces Roles of meteorological conditions in COVID-19 transmission on a worldwide scale Short-range airborne route dominates exposure of respiratory infection during close contact Solar ultraviolet radiation effects on biological systems Adsorption and reaction of trace gas-phase organic compounds on atmospheric water film surfaces: A critical review COVID-19 as a factor influencing air pollution Applied and Theoretical Aspects of Virus Adsorption to Surfaces Comparative inactivation of enteroviruses and adenovirus 2 by UV light Inactivation credit of UV radiation for viruses, bacteria and protozoan (oo)cysts in water: A review Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Persistence of coronaviruses on inanimate surfaces and their inactivation with biocidal agents Routes of transmission of influenza A H1N1, SARS CoV, and norovirus in air cabin: Comparative analyses Short-range airborne transmission of expiratory droplets between two people, Indoor Air Survival of calicivirus in foods and on surfaces: Experiments with feline calicivirus as a surrogate for norovirus Variations in surface ozone and NOx at Kannur: a tropical, coastal site in India Association between viral seasonality and meteorological factors Temperature, Humidity and Latitude Analysis to Predict Potential Spread and Seasonality for COVID-19 Transmission Potential of SARS-CoV-2 in Viral Shedding Observed at the University of Nebraska Medical Center The Potential role of Particulate Matter in the Spreading of COVID-19 in Northern Italy:
    keywords: air; covid-19; et al; humidity; surfaces; transmission; virus; viruses
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        item: #2130 of 5187
          id: cord-293736-nyvwv31m
      author: Méry, Geoffroy
       title: COVID-19: Underlying Adipokine Storm and Angiotensin 1-7 Umbrella
        date: 2020-07-21
       words: 5760
      flesch: 30
     summary: Oral or parenteral Ang1-7 supplementation could be a therapeutic option to diminish the low-grade systemic inflammation due to adipocyte dysfunction and attenuate the severity of ACE2-mediated injuries consecutive to SARS infection. High plasma levels of IL-6 and the absence of INF-1 have been noted in severe patients (47) , illustrating a sustained innate response that fails to achieve viral clearance and triggers ARDS.
    keywords: ace2; ang1; angiotensin; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; inflammation; obesity; patients; receptor; response; sars; syndrome
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        item: #2131 of 5187
          id: cord-293765-xpc4yizb
      author: Huang, Jia-Ling
       title: Th2 predominance and CD8+ memory T cell depletion in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome()
        date: 2005-02-24
       words: 5160
      flesch: 47
     summary: IL-10 levels in the serum of SARS patients were continuously elevated for the 5 months observed in this study (2.47-4 .57 times that of normal control levels; Fig. TGF-b increased in SARS patients throughout the test period, particularly during month 2 ( Fig. 1F , P < 0.001, correlation coefficient = 0.610, oneway ANOVA, minimum detectable dose < 7 pg/ml).
    keywords: cd8; cells; cov; immunity; lymphocytes; patients; phase; sars
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        item: #2132 of 5187
          id: cord-293826-2p7dqacd
      author: Lee, Cheryl Yi-Pin
       title: Neutralizing antibodies from early cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection offer cross-protection against the SARS-CoV-2 D614G variant
        date: 2020-10-09
       words: 1314
      flesch: 35
     summary: Given that a majority of the developing antibody-mediated therapies and serological assays are based on the S antigen of the original Wuhan reference sequence, it is crucial to determine if humoral immunity acquired from the original SARS-CoV-2 isolate is able to induce cross-detection and cross-protection against the novel prevailing D614G variant. Given that a majority of the developing antibody-mediated therapies 68 and serological assays are based on the S antigen of the original Wuhan reference 69 sequence, it is crucial to determine if humoral immunity acquired from the original 70 SARS-CoV-2 isolate is able to induce cross-detection and cross-protection against 71 the novel prevailing D614G variant.
    keywords: cov-2; d614; sars
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        item: #2133 of 5187
          id: cord-293831-28ddm9um
      author: Qian, Mengcen
       title: Psychological responses, behavioral changes and public perceptions during the early phase of the COVID-19 outbreak in China: a population based cross-sectional survey
        date: 2020-02-20
       words: 4857
      flesch: 47
     summary: 11, 12, 13 Cultural differences are evident in public responses. Our study provides new evidence on psychological and behavioral response to disease outbreaks by comparing public response in two cities under various exposures to the early All rights reserved.
    keywords: anxiety; coronavirus; medrxiv; outbreak; participants; preprint; shanghai; wuhan
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        item: #2134 of 5187
          id: cord-293852-r72c6584
      author: Greco, S.
       title: Noncoding RNAs implication in cardiovascular diseases in the COVID-19 era
        date: 2020-10-31
       words: 8171
      flesch: 32
     summary: However, in the heart of both SARS-CoV infected mice and of SARS patients, decreased ACE2-levels were observed [64] , suggesting a complex virus/receptor dynamic that needs to be elucidated. Interestingly, in the hearts of both SARS-CoV infected mice and SARS patients, macrophage infiltration with evidence of myocardial damage was observed [64] .
    keywords: ace2; cardiac; cardiovascular; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; expression; heart; human; infection; noncoding; patients; response; rna; rnas; sars
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        item: #2135 of 5187
          id: cord-293858-dk4snw9r
      author: Yang, Lin
       title: Comparison of influenza disease burden in older populations of Hong Kong and Brisbane: the impact of influenza and pneumococcal vaccination
        date: 2019-02-14
       words: 4084
      flesch: 42
     summary: Emerging infections: pandemic influenza Influenza vaccines Assessment of the efficacy and effectiveness of influenza vaccines in healthy children: systematic review Vaccines for preventing influenza in healthy adults Efficacy and effectiveness of influenza vaccines in elderly people: a systematic review Vaccines for preventing influenza in the elderly Effectiveness of influenza vaccine in the community-dwelling elderly Mortality benefits of influenza vaccination in elderly people: an ongoing controversy Impact of influenza vaccination on seasonal mortality in the US elderly population The effect of universal influenza immunization on mortality and health care use Immune response to influenza vaccination in community-dwelling Chinese elderly persons Preliminary findings of a randomized trial of non-pharmaceutical interventions to prevent influenza transmission in households Seasonal influenza vaccination coverage survey for the 2012/13 season Australian Institute of Health and Welfare International Monetary Fund: World economic outlook Database Model selection in time series studies of influenza-associated mortality Modern Epidemiology Influenza vaccination in 2000: recommendations and vaccine use in 50 developed and rapidly developing countries Antibody response to influenza vaccination in the elderly: a quantitative review Cochrane re-arranged: support for policies to vaccinate elderly people against influenza Excess mortality associated with influenza a and B virus in Hong Kong Excess mortality associated with the 2009 pandemic of influenza a(H1N1) in Hong Kong Age and sex differences in rates of influenza-associated hospitalizations in Hong Kong Dietary habits and the short-term effects of air pollution on mortality in the Chinese population in Hong Kong Influenza-associated hospitalization in a subtropical city Taken together, available evidence suggests that there is a need to assess the effect of influenza vaccination at the population level, especially for those aged ≥65 years.
    keywords: brisbane; hong; influenza; kong; mortality; period; post; sars
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        item: #2136 of 5187
          id: cord-293860-6kz0iws6
      author: Qutayba Almerie, Muhammad
       title: The Association between Obesity and Poor Outcome after COVID-19 Indicates a Potential Therapeutic Role for Montelukast
        date: 2020-05-27
       words: 2804
      flesch: 31
     summary: Evidence supporting montelukast as a candidate COVID-19 therapy in individuals with obesity: Patients affected by severe obesity share a common physiological response with patients with COVID-19 as both have raised concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., TNF-a, IL1 and IL6) and T-helper-2 cytokines (IL4, IL10) Regulation of adipose tissue inflammation by interleukin 6 Circulating levels of MCP-1 and IL-8 are elevated in human obese subjects and associated with obesity-related parameters Inflammatory cytokines in general and central obesity and modulating effects of physical activity Features of 16,749 hospitalised UK patients with COVID-19 using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol Are more black, Asian and minority ethnic people dying with Covid-19 than might be expected?
    keywords: covid-19; drugs; immune; montelukast; obesity; patients; response
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        item: #2137 of 5187
          id: cord-293890-thfros7x
      author: Carbo, Ellen C.
       title: Coronavirus discovery by metagenomic sequencing: a tool for pandemic preparedness
        date: 2020-08-21
       words: 2318
      flesch: 40
     summary: Identification of a Novel Coronavirus in Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome A Novel Coronavirus Associated with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Laboratory validation of a clinical metagenomic sequencing assay for pathogen detection in cerebrospinal fluid VIP: an integrated pipeline for metagenomics of virus identification and discovery Metagenomics for pathogen detection in public health Genome Detective: an automated system for virus identification from highthroughput sequencing data Virome Capture Sequencing Enables Sensitive Viral Diagnosis and Comprehensive Virome Analysis', mBio Enhanced virome sequencing using targeted sequence capture Detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real-time RT-PCR Mechanisms and enzymes involved in SARS coronavirus genome expression Isolation of a Novel Coronavirus from a Man with Pneumonia in Saudi Arabia Retrospective Validation of a Metagenomic Sequencing Protocol for Combined Detection of RNA and DNA Viruses Using Respiratory Samples from Pediatric Patients The respiratory virome and exacerbations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Fast gapped-read alignment with Bowtie 2 Centrifuge: rapid and sensitive classification of metagenomic sequences Interactive metagenomic visualization in a Web browser SPAdes: A New Genome Assembly Algorithm and Its Applications to Single-Cell Sequencing Basic local alignment search tool Trimmomatic: a flexible trimmer for Illumina sequence data Fast and sensitive protein alignment using DIAMOND metaSPAdes: a new versatile metagenomic assembler The efficacy of a metagenomic sequencing protocol using capture probes targeting vertebrate virus sequences designed before the emergence of SARS-CoV-2, was studied in the context of virus discovery.
    keywords: cov-2; genome; novel; sars; sequencing; viruses
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        item: #2138 of 5187
          id: cord-293938-40zyv1h8
      author: Jonsdottir, Hulda R.
       title: Coronaviruses and the human airway: a universal system for virus-host interaction studies
        date: 2016-02-06
       words: 5536
      flesch: 34
     summary: Tracheobronchial HAE cultures recapitulate the primary entry point of human respiratory viruses while the alveolar model allows for elucidation of mechanisms involved in viral infection and pathogenesis in the alveoli. This model is a universal platform to study human respiratory viruses [67]
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; cov; cultures; disease; hcov; human; mers; respiratory; sars; syndrome; viruses
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        item: #2139 of 5187
          id: cord-293946-4bquxdqa
      author: Huong, Nguyen Quynh
       title: Coronavirus testing indicates transmission risk increases along wildlife supply chains for human consumption in Viet Nam, 2013-2014
        date: 2020-08-10
       words: 6230
      flesch: 46
     summary: [31] to explore phylogenetic relationships among bat coronavirus 512/2005 sequences at the intraspecies level, as haplotype networks may better represent the relationships among viral sequences with low sequence diversity compared with phylogenetic trees We observed two main clusters and a shallow geographic structure of genetic diversity, perhaps illustrative of sampling effort but also of localized transmission and circulation of bat coronavirus 512/2005 strains in these provinces.
    keywords: animals; bat; bats; coronavirus; farms; field; guano; human; nam; rats; rodents; samples; sites; species; trade; viet; wildlife
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        item: #2140 of 5187
          id: cord-293988-f5gvwjyh
      author: Musso, Nicolò
       title: New SARS-CoV-2 Infection Detected in an Italian Pet Cat by RT-qPCR from Deep Pharyngeal Swab
        date: 2020-09-11
       words: 3229
      flesch: 44
     summary: In particular, viral RNA and infectious viral particles were found in the upper respiratory tract of domestic cats after introduction of SARS-CoV-2 virus samples through their nasal cavities; nevertheless, none of the infected cats showed clinical signs of the disease. In addition, viral RNA was detected in 1:3 healthy cats exposed to infected felines, suggesting that they had contracted the virus from the droplets exhaled by infected cats [13, 19] .
    keywords: cat; cod; coronavirus; cov-2; gene; human; infection; rna; sars; swab
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        item: #2141 of 5187
          id: cord-293991-x5zdo8t2
      author: Wheatley, A. K.
       title: Evolution of immunity to SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-09-10
       words: 4646
      flesch: 48
     summary: medRxiv Longitudinal evaluation and decline of antibody responses in 631 SARS-CoV-2 infection. medRxiv Analysis of a SARS-CoV-2-Infected Individual Reveals 642 Development of Potent Neutralizing Antibodies with Limited Somatic 643 Mutation Humoral and circulating follicular helper T cell responses in 645 recovered patients with COVID-19 <em>Ex vivo</em> detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific 647 CD8+ T cells: rapid induction, prolonged contraction, and formation of 648 functional memory.
    keywords: author; copyright; cov-2; funder; holder; medrxiv; preprint; sars; september; specific; version
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        item: #2142 of 5187
          id: cord-294028-pcc6mucj
      author: Caussy, Cyrielle
       title: Obesity is Associated with Severe Forms of COVID‐19
        date: 2020-05-21
       words: 748
      flesch: 45
     summary: key: cord-294028-pcc6mucj authors: Caussy, Cyrielle; Wallet, Florent; Laville, Martine; Disse, Emmanuel title: Obesity is Associated with Severe Forms of COVID‐19 date: 2020-05-21 journal: Obesity (Silver Spring) DOI: 10.1002/oby.22842 sha: doc_id: 294028 cord_uid: pcc6mucj We have read with great interest the Brief Cutting Edge Report from Simonnet et al. which reports a high prevalence of obesity in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-Cov-2) requiring invasive mechanical ventilation. Thus, the prevalence of severe obesity (BMI ≥ 35) in intensive care units (ICU) may depend on the local prevalence of obesity.
    keywords: obesity; prevalence
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        item: #2143 of 5187
          id: cord-294069-7zr77r71
      author: Hu, Xiaowen
       title: The distribution of SARS-CoV-2 contamination on the environmental surfaces during incubation period of COVID-19 patients
        date: 2020-09-30
       words: 2529
      flesch: 40
     summary: Environmental contamination of SARS-CoV-2 distributes widely during the incubation period of CCOVID-19, and the positive rates of SARS-CoV-2 on environmental surfaces are relatively high in bathroom and bedroom. Then, medical staffs stayed in hotel immediately sampled their nasopharyngeal swabs and environmental surfaces, and transferred them to the hospital for further diagnosis Additionally, the frequency of washing behaviors of patients at the quarantine room, including face washing, hands washing, tooth brushing, bathing and excrement, were shown in Table 2 .
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; environmental; quarantine; sars; surfaces
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        item: #2144 of 5187
          id: cord-294073-65h2mkdy
      author: Ke, Jia
       title: Strategies and recommendations for the management of gastrointestinal surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic: experience shared by Chinese surgeons
        date: 2020-07-03
       words: 4156
      flesch: 35
     summary: Most importantly, the task force should have overall control regarding the balance between the resources being used for COVID-19 patients (e.g. personal protection equipment [PPE] , ventilators, intensive care unit [ICU] beds, physicians) and those that would be used for surgical patients. Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in different types of clinical specimens Evidence for gastrointestinal infection of SARS-CoV-2 Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with digestive symptoms in Hubei, China: a descriptive, cross-sectional, multicenter study A multidisciplinary team approach for triage of elective cancer surgery at the Massachusetts General Hospital during the novel coronavirus COVID-19 Outbreak Recommendations for general surgery clinical practice in novel coronavirus pneumonia situation Implications of COVID-19 for patients with pre-existing digestive diseases Advice for Endoscopy Teams during COVID-19 COVID-19 outbreak and surgical practice: unexpected fatality in perioperative period Characterization of smoke generated during the use of surgical knife in laparotomy surgeries COVID-19: Guidance for Triage of Non-Emergent Surgical Procedures.
    keywords: cancer; covid-19; patients; precautions; procedures; risk; sars; surgery
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        item: #2145 of 5187
          id: cord-294108-uvnh0s9r
      author: Dube, Taru
       title: Repurposed Drugs, Molecular Vaccines, Immune‐Modulators, and Nanotherapeutics to Treat and Prevent COVID‐19 Associated with SARS‐CoV‐2, a Deadly Nanovector
        date: 2020-10-25
       words: 13897
      flesch: 38
     summary: COVID-19 patients seeking intensive care unit (ICU) are particularly older and more likely to carry pre-existing comorbid conditions like hypertension and related heart diseases followed by diabetes. To date, apart from the emergency use approval of the antiviral drug favilavir in China, India, Russia, and parts of the Middle East and the emergency use approval of remdesivir by the US-FDA and Japan in COVID-19 patients, there are no approved therapeutic molecules to treat the COVID-19 pandemic.
    keywords: care; cells; cov-2; covid-19; covid-19 patients; disease; dose; drug; efficacy; host; human; iii; infection; patients; phase; potential; protein; response; rna; safety; sars; therapeutics; treatment; trial; use; vaccine; virus
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        item: #2146 of 5187
          id: cord-294115-7t7kubf6
      author: Miralles, Oriol
       title: Unmet needs, health policies, and actions during the COVID-19 pandemic: a report from six European countries
        date: 2020-10-15
       words: 7261
      flesch: 45
     summary: Address the disparities in pay and job security between health care and social care workers. As a result, at the beginning, 19 single-purpose infectious disease hospitals were established across the country for COVID-19 patients, supplemented by 70 infectious disease wards.
    keywords: age; care; cases; countries; cov-2; covid-19; health; homes; impact; march; nursing; pandemic; patients; people; sars; support
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        item: #2147 of 5187
          id: cord-294120-8fxrqorg
      author: Guebre-Xabier, Mimi
       title: NVX-CoV2373 vaccine protects cynomolgus macaque upper and lower airways against SARS-CoV-2 challenge
        date: 2020-08-19
       words: 872
      flesch: 49
     summary: Funding for certain studies was provided by the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness 198 Author contributions conceptualization of 201 experiments, generation of data and analysis, and interpretation of the results drafting and making critical revisions with 204 the help of others SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein vaccine candidate NVX-CoV2373 214 elicits immunogenicity in baboons and protection in mice First-in-Human Trial of a SARS CoV 2 Recombinant Spike Protein 218 Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation Virological assessment of hospitalized patients with COVID-2019 Infection with novel 227 coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) causes pneumonia in Rhesus macaques SARS-CoV-2 infection protects against rechallenge in rhesus macaques Development of an inactivated 233 vaccine candidate for SARS-CoV-2 Neeltje van Doremalen ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 237 vaccination prevents SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in rhesus macaques DNA 240 vaccine protection against SARS-CoV-2 in rhesus macaques Evaluation of the mRNA-1273 Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 in Nonhuman Primates Comparative pathogenesis of COVID-19, MERS, and SARS in a nonhuman primate 248 model Authors MGX, NP, JHT, BZ, SM, KL, ADP, MJM, GG, GS and LE are current or past 207 employees of Novavax, Inc., a for-profit organization, and these authors own stock or 208 hold stock options. In contrast, SARS-CoV-2 anti-S antibody in convalescent human sera was 157 6.9-to 14.2-fold less with at GMT EC 50 of 23,614 ( Figure 1B) .
    keywords: macaques; nvx; sars; vaccine
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        item: #2148 of 5187
          id: cord-294122-ou3wj4rz
      author: Hwang, Stephen W
       title: Population mortality during the outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome in Toronto
        date: 2007-05-29
       words: 2949
      flesch: 44
     summary: Study Myocardial infarction, stroke, and sudden cardiac death may be prevented by influenza vaccination Effects of the Israel doctors' strike on hypertension control in Ashdod Doctors' strike: Non-availability of drugs: Activation of seizures Perinatal outcome following physicians' strike of 1983 Mortality in Jerusalem during the 1983 doctor's strike Public health measures to control the spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome during the outbreak in Toronto A change in level of a non-stationary time series Intervention analysis with applications to economic and environmental problems Econometric models and economic forecasts Boston: Irwin/McGraw-Hill The impact of SARS on a tertiary care pediatric emergency department Surge capacity associated with restrictions on nonurgent hospital utilization and expected admissions during an influenza pandemic: lessons from the Toronto severe acute respiratory syndrome outbreak The impact of the SARS epidemic on the utilization of medical services: SARS and the fear of SARS The immediate effects of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic on childbirth in Taiwan Lowered tuberculosis notifications and deterred health care seeking during the SARS epidemic in Hong Kong infections during SARS outbreak The author(s) declare that they have no competing interests. Finally, this study examines a natural experiment in which restrictions on health care services were not applied uniformly, instantaneously, or in a randomized manner.
    keywords: care; health; mortality; outbreak; rates; sars; toronto
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        item: #2149 of 5187
          id: cord-294134-o9bx1gn7
      author: Brecher, Stephen M.
       title: Patients with Common Cold Coronaviruses Tested Negative for IgG Antibody to SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-07-23
       words: 746
      flesch: 44
     summary: One early issue in the validation/ evaluation of antibody tests for evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection is the possibility of cross-reacting antibodies from the plasma of patients who had been infected with one or more of the common cold coronaviruses (coronavirus 229E, HKU1, NL63, and OC43). It also ties in with issues outlined in the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) guidelines (4) and in a commentary in Lancet (5) on how to best utilize antibody test data, especially when there could be false-positive results, including cross-reacting antibodies to the four common cold coronaviruses.
    keywords: antibody; patients; sars
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        item: #2150 of 5187
          id: cord-294136-e69ao8j0
      author: Han, Dongsheng
       title: COVID-19: Insight into the asymptomatic SARS-COV-2 infection and transmission
        date: 2020-08-27
       words: 5231
      flesch: 35
     summary: Four studies suggested that the virus can be transmitted by asymptomatic patients for at least two consecutive generations, indicating its strong infectivity. The majority of asymptomatic patients appear to have a milder clinical course during hospitalization, but the severity of the symptoms of the secondary patients infected by SARS-COV-2 from asymptomatic patients varies with their physical constitution.
    keywords: asymptomatic; cases; china; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; infection; patients; sars; transmission
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        item: #2151 of 5187
          id: cord-294199-o8w35pdy
      author: Zhang, Qiangzhe
       title: Cellular Nanosponges Inhibit SARS-CoV-2 Infectivity
        date: 2020-06-17
       words: 2225
      flesch: 39
     summary: To prepare cellular nanosponges, cell membranes of human lung epithelial cells and macrophages were derived with a differential centrifugation method and verified for purity. Based upon the current knowledge of SARS-CoV-2, we fabricated two types of cellular nanosponges, human lung epithelial type II cell nanosponge (denoted Epithelial-NS) and human macrophage nanosponge (denoted MΦ-NS).
    keywords: cells; cov-2; covid-19; nanosponges; sars
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        item: #2152 of 5187
          id: cord-294212-nlekz39f
      author: Wang, Dongliang
       title: Immunoinformatic Analysis of T- and B-Cell Epitopes for SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Design
        date: 2020-07-03
       words: 6083
      flesch: 44
     summary: Faster de novo structure prediction for linear peptides in solution and in complex PatchDock and SymmDock: Servers for rigid and symmetric docking Fast Interaction Refinement in molecular docking A web server for fast interaction refinement in molecular docking Potent neutralization of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus by a human mAb to S1 protein that blocks receptor association Potent cross-reactive neutralization of SARS coronavirus isolates by human monoclonal antibodies Identification of a novel conserved HLA-A*0201-restricted epitope from the spike protein of SARS-CoV HLA-A*0201 T-cell epitopes in severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus nucleocapsid and spike proteins Identification of an HLA-A*0201-restricted CD8+ T-cell epitope Ssp-1 of SARS-CoV spike protein Searching immunodominant epitopes prior to epidemic: HLA class II-restricted SARS-CoV spike protein epitopes in unexposed individuals Structure of SARS coronavirus spike receptor-binding domain complexed with receptor The spike protein of SARS-CoV-A target for vaccine and therapeutic development Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein expressed by attenuated vaccinia virus protectively immunizes mice Evaluation of modified vaccinia virus Ankara based recombinant SARS vaccine in ferrets Identification of immunodominant sites on the spike protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus: Implication for developing SARS diagnostics and vaccines A study on antigenicity and receptor-binding ability of fragment 450-650 of the spike protein of SARS coronavirus Identification of an Antigenic Determinant on the S2 Domain of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Spike Glycoprotein Capable of Inducing Neutralizing Antibodies Screening and Identification of Linear B-Cell Epitopes and Entry-Blocking Peptide of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)-Associated Coronavirus Using Synthetic Overlapping Peptide Library Unexpected Receptor Functional Mimicry Elucidates Activation of Coronavirus Fusion Two linear epitopes on the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein that elicit neutralising antibodies in COVID-19 patients Structural Basis of Neutralization by a Human Anti-severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Spike Protein Antibody, 80R Structure of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Receptor-binding Domain Complexed with Neutralizing Antibody Better Epitope Discovery, Precision Immune Engineering, and Accelerated Vaccine Design Using Immunoinformatics Tools. A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China Receptor recognition by novel coronavirus from Wuhan: An analysis based on decade-long structural studies of SARS Functional assessment of cell entry and receptor usage for SARS-CoV-2 and other lineage B betacoronaviruses Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus Structure analysis of the receptor binding of 2019-nCoV Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 is a functional receptor for the emerging human coronavirus-EMC Receptor usage and cell entry of porcine epidemic diarrhea coronavirus A 193-Amino Acid Fragment of the SARS Coronavirus S Protein Efficiently Binds Angiotensin-converting Enzyme 2 Conformational States of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Spike Protein Ectodomain Immunological Responses against SARS-Coronavirus Infection in Humans B-Cell Responses in Patients Who Have Recovered from Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Target a Dominant Site in the S2 Domain of the Surface Spike Glycoprotein Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation Structure, Function, and Antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor Epitope-based peptide vaccine design and target site depiction against Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus: An immune-informatics study Structural basis of receptor recognition by SARS-CoV-2 Structure of the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain bound to the ACE2 receptor Structural basis for the recognition of SARS-CoV-2 by full-length human ACE2 Structural and Functional Basis of SARS-CoV-2 Entry by Using Human ACE2 A server for prediction of protective antigens, tumour antigens and subunit vaccines Comprehensive analysis of dengue virus-specific responses supports an HLA-linked protective role for CD8(+) T cells Development and validation of a broad scheme for prediction of HLA class II restricted T cell epitopes PEP-FOLD3:
    keywords: cell; cell epitopes; cov-2; epitopes; hla; protein; residues; s protein; sars; table; vaccine
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        item: #2153 of 5187
          id: cord-294237-6hovffso
      author: Cherry, James D
       title: SARS: The First Pandemic of the 21(st) Century
        date: 2004
       words: 3478
      flesch: 49
     summary: Semin Virology Outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) at Amoy Gardens, Kowloon Bay, Hong Kong, main findings of the investigation Cluster of severe acute respiratory syndrome cases among protected health-care workers-Toronto, Canada Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Singapore: clinical features of index patient and initial contacts A major outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Secondary household transmission of SARS Probable secondary infections in households of SARS patients in Hong Kong Transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome on aircraft Clinical features and short-term outcomes of 144 patients with SARS in the greater Toronto area Acute respiratory distress syndrome in critically ill patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome HKU/UCH Study Group 2003 Clinical progression and viral load in a community outbreak of coronavirus-associated SARS pneumonia: a prospective study Severe acute respiratory syndrome in children Infants born to mothers with severe acute respiratory syndrome Inflammatory cytokine profile in children with severe acute respiratory syndrome Severe acute respiratory syndrome in children: experience in a regional hospital in Hong Kong other members of the Hospital for Sick Children SARS Investigation Team 2003 Children hospitalized with severe acute respiratory syndrome-related illness in Toronto A young infant with severe acute respiratory syndrome Adolescent twin sisters with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): chest radiographic features in children Asymptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus infection World Health Organization 2003 Case definitions for surveillance of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Summary of probable SARS cases by onset of illness from 1 Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Consensus document on the epidemiology of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Update: outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome-worldwide The severe acute respiratory syndrome Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Characterization of a novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS Working Group 2003
    keywords: cases; children; cov; hong; human; kong; patients; sars; syndrome
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        item: #2154 of 5187
          id: cord-294262-yvbufnf4
      author: Fernandez-Nieto, D.
       title: Comment on: “To consider varicella-like exanthem associated with COVID-19, virus varicella zoster and virus herpes simplex must be ruled out. Characterization of herpetic lesions in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.”
        date: 2020-06-22
       words: 541
      flesch: 49
     summary: 48 We agree with the authors that there is a potential role for herpetic viral infections and 49 super-infections in COVID-19 patients. In our current experience, the diagnosis of 55 herpesvirus infection in COVID-19 patients does not usually involve diagnostic doubts, 56 due to the clinical presentation and reported symptoms being typical of the disease, 57 even when lesions are extensive (Figure 1) .
    keywords: covid-19; patients
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        item: #2155 of 5187
          id: cord-294275-pp0vlaye
      author: Li, Jingjing
       title: Rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses by using LAMP method with Nanopore Flongle workflow
        date: 2020-06-03
       words: 2368
      flesch: 48
     summary: The study design ( Figure 2 ) for SARS-CoV-2 detection is based on LAMP rapid amplification of specific genes and sequenced by nanopore Flongle workflow. Amplification reaction can be done less than 30 minutes in a friendly environment.
    keywords: amplification; cov-2; lamp; nanopore; reads
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        item: #2156 of 5187
          id: cord-294295-sd5893ii
      author: Badua, Christian Luke D.C.
       title: Genomic and Proteomic Mutation Landscapes of SARS‐CoV‐2
        date: 2020-09-24
       words: 3437
      flesch: 52
     summary: Furthermore, the mutation hotspots based on mutation densities also changed in China, where mutations in the Spike glycoprotein, Protein 3a, Membrane protein, ORF6 protein and ORF10 protein appeared in the second time point ( Figure 5C ). Mutation density presented in bar graphs show that there was an appearance of amino acid substitutions in the M and ORF7a proteins ( Figure 5C ).
    keywords: cov-2; figure; mutation; proteins; sars; study; time
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        item: #2157 of 5187
          id: cord-294304-9w6zt778
      author: Doanvo, Anhvinh
       title: Machine Learning Maps Research Needs in COVID-19 Literature
        date: 2020-09-16
       words: 5513
      flesch: 39
     summary: 19 Topic modeling helped characterize differences between research topics discussed in 21 COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 abstracts. Third, defining primary topics in COVID-19 research solely by a select group of 3 influential studies or on narrow correlations between a few metadata keywords at a time is 4 insufficient because 1) topics may be broader than one or several highly influential studies and 2) 5 topics may be comprised of complex correlations mapped between hundreds of different 6 keywords.
    keywords: abstracts; coronavirus; covid-19; data; research; sars; studies; terms; topics
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        item: #2158 of 5187
          id: cord-294335-qnu19ru5
      author: Yousaf, Anna R
       title: A prospective cohort study in non-hospitalized household contacts with SARS-CoV-2 infection: symptom profiles and symptom change over time
        date: 2020-07-28
       words: 3232
      flesch: 41
     summary: For symptoms experienced throughout the illness, the percent of household contacts reporting neurologic symptoms increased to 94% (n=44), predominated by headache (n=41, 87%), followed by upper respiratory symptoms (n=42, 89%). Among the different age groups, the most common symptoms were as follows: upper respiratory symptoms in children <18 years (n=10, 71%), neurologic symptoms in adults 18-49 years (n=14, 70%), and upper respiratory symptoms in adults 50 years or older (n=11, 85%).
    keywords: contacts; covid-19; day; household; pcr; symptoms; years
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        item: #2159 of 5187
          id: cord-294349-ps3qlho2
      author: Al-Sharif, Eman
       title: Ocular tropism of coronavirus (CoVs): a comparison of the interaction between the animal-to-human transmitted coronaviruses (SARS-CoV-1, SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV, CoV-229E, NL63, OC43, HKU1) and the eye
        date: 2020-09-03
       words: 7059
      flesch: 40
     summary: In a previous case-control study conducted in China among healthcare providers who were taking care of SARS patients, all the 69 providers adhering to the four infection control measures (gown, gloves, mask and hand hygiene practices) did not contract the infection, while all the 13 infected staff omitted at least one of the four control measures [65] . In terms of ocular manifestations, a study published by Wu and colleagues on ocular findings in COVID-19 patients showed that approximately one-third of patients (12/38, 31.6%) had eye manifestations such as conjunctival redness, chemosis, tearing and increased secretions.
    keywords: conjunctival; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; eye; human; infection; mers; patients; sars; studies; symptoms; transmission
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        item: #2160 of 5187
          id: cord-294363-bv6xa8v8
      author: Zhou, Hong
       title: Potential Therapeutic Targets and Promising Drugs for Combating SARS‐CoV‐2
        date: 2020-05-05
       words: 8944
      flesch: 34
     summary: Decoupling deISGylating and deubiquitinating activities of the MERS virus papain-like protease Origin and evolution of pathogenic coronaviruses Preparation and anti-HIV activities of aurintricarboxylic acid fractions and analogues: direct correlation of antiviral potency with molecular weight Viral infection modulation and neutralization by camelid nanobodies Discovering drugs to treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Human Coronavirus: Host-Pathogen Interaction Favipiravir (T-705), a broad spectrum inhibitor of viral RNA polymerase A data-driven drug repositioning framework discovered a potential therapeutic agent targeting COVID-19 CAR T cell-induced cytokine release syndrome is mediated by macrophages and abated by IL-1 blockade Camostat mesilate attenuates pancreatic fibrosis via inhibition of monocytes and pancreatic stellate cells activity The course of clinical diagnosis and treatment of a case infected with coronavirus disease 2019 The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2018: updates and expansion to encompass the new guide to IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY Potent and selective inhibition of SARS coronavirus replication by aurintricarboxylic acid From SARS to MERS: crystallographic studies on coronaviral proteases enable antiviral drug design SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor First Case of 2019 Novel Coronavirus in the United States Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome: Historical, Epidemiologic, and Clinical Features Genetic variability and phylogenetic analysis of Lagovirus europaeus strains GI.1 (RHDV) and GI.2 (RHDV2) based on the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) coding gene Identification of an existing Japanese pancreatitis drug, Nafamostat Contributes to Virus Spread and Immunopathology in the Airways of Murine Models after Coronavirus Infection Structure of the SARS-CoV nsp12 polymerase bound to nsp7 and nsp8 co-factors CD147 (EMMPRIN/Basigin) in kidney diseases: from an inflammation and immune system viewpoint The Use of TKM-100802 and Convalescent Plasma in 2 Patients With Ebola Virus Disease in the United States Therapeutic strategies in an outbreak scenario to treat the novel coronavirus originating in Wuhan, China Crystal structures of the main peptidase from the SARS coronavirus inhibited by a substrate-like aza-peptide epoxide Coronavirus infections and immune responses Adjuvant (131)I-metuximab for hepatocellular carcinoma after liver resection: a randomised Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus Nucleic-acid-based antiviral agents against positive single-stranded RNA viruses Research and Development on Therapeutic Agents and Vaccines for COVID-19 and Related Human Coronavirus Diseases RNA-based therapeutics for colorectal cancer: Updates and future directions Interaction between heptad repeat 1 and 2 regions in spike protein of SARS-associated coronavirus: implications for virus fusogenic mechanism and identification of fusion inhibitors L (2020) Composition and divergence of coronavirus spike proteins and host ACE2 receptors predict potential intermediate hosts of SARS-CoV-2 A (2020a) Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Influenza A (2020b) Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Influenza induces hepatocyte polarity loss by E-cadherin ubiquitination and degradation in hepatocellular carcinoma progress Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding Timely development of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 The potential chemical structure of anti-SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase L (2020) Clinical Pathology of Critical Patient with Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (COVID-19) Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus replication inhibitor that interferes with the nucleic acid unwinding of the viral helicase Evaluation of SSYA10-001 as a replication inhibitor of severe acute respiratory syndrome, mouse hepatitis, and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronaviruses Preliminary Identification of Potential Vaccine Targets for the COVID-19 Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) Based on SARS-CoV Immunological Studies RNA aptamer-based sensitive detection of SARS coronavirus nucleocapsid protein THE CONCISE GUIDE TO PHARMACOLOGY 2019/20:
    keywords: ace2; article; cells; copyright; coronavirus; cov-2; drugs; et al; infection; novel; patients; potential; protein; research; rna; sars; targets; treatment
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        item: #2161 of 5187
          id: cord-294372-pec1886j
      author: Greene, Dina N.
       title: Decreasing median age of COVID-19 cases in the United States—Changing epidemiology or changing surveillance?
        date: 2020-10-15
       words: 1700
      flesch: 55
     summary: key: cord-294372-pec1886j authors: Greene, Dina N.; Jackson, Michael L.; Hillyard, David R.; Delgado, Julio C.; Schmidt, Robert L. title: Decreasing median age of COVID-19 cases in the United States—Changing epidemiology or changing surveillance? date: 2020-10-15 journal: PLoS One DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240783 sha: doc_id: 294372 cord_uid: pec1886j BACKGROUND: Given the striking increase in risk of severe COVD-19 with increasing age, our findings suggest that the increasing availability of SARS-CoV-2 tests has increased testing of low-acuity patients or asymptomatic persons in ambulatory care settings, who tend to be younger than the more severely ill patients.
    keywords: age; sars; years
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        item: #2162 of 5187
          id: cord-294385-6dlgv3tb
      author: Tong, Xin
       title: Surveillance of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection among frontline health care workers in Wuhan during COVID‐19 outbreak
        date: 2020-08-20
       words: 1381
      flesch: 53
     summary: During their stay in Wuhan, these HCWs stayed in the contaminated area every 4 h/d, including performing aerosol-generating procedures, collecting or handling specimens, providing care for COVID-19 patients, and sharing conversations with COVID-19 patient within a one-meter reach. The epidemiological characteristics of an outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19)-China Serum samples from control HCWs without COVID-19 exposure were served as a negative control (n = 112).
    keywords: cov-2; hcws; infection; sars
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        item: #2163 of 5187
          id: cord-294392-a8s66g96
      author: Zhang, Shuai
       title: Factors associated with asymptomatic infection in health-care workers with SARS-CoV-2 infection in Wuhan, China: a multi-center retrospective cohort study
        date: 2020-09-07
       words: 986
      flesch: 39
     summary: No significant differences were seen in any 164 high-risk procedures between asymptomatic HCWs and symptomatic HCWs. Compared with 165 symptomatic HCWs, asymptomatic HCWs more consistently used hand washing, isolation gown, eye 166 protection, N95 respirators, gloves, and hair cover for protection (P<0.001).
    keywords: asymptomatic; cov-2; hcws; sars
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        item: #2164 of 5187
          id: cord-294410-iy57tjx5
      author: Zhang, Shengnan
       title: (1)H, (13)C and (15)N resonance assignments of SARS-CoV main protease N-terminal domain
        date: 2010-12-23
       words: 1016
      flesch: 51
     summary: The crystal structures of severe acute respiratory syndrome virus main protease and its complex with an inhibitor 3D domain swapping as a mechanism to lock the active conformation in a super-active octamer of SARS-CoV main protease Without its n-finger, SARS-CoV main protease can form a novel dimer through its C-terminal domain C-terminal domain of SARS-CoV main protease can form a 3D domain-swapped dimer Molecular biology of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus M pro -N were in a buffer of 50 mM potassium phosphate (pH 7.0), 30 mM Arginine, 30 mM Glutamine acid, 50 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA, 10 mM DTT with 10% D 2 O.
    keywords: cov; domain; pro; sars
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        item: #2165 of 5187
          id: cord-294427-6eiligyy
      author: Salimi, Ali
       title: The North American Layman's Understanding of COVID-19: Are We Doing Enough?
        date: 2020-07-03
       words: 5701
      flesch: 42
     summary: Satisfaction with public health response was similar among the two groups (χ 2 = 0.255; p = 0.682). No differences were found between the two groups in terms of facemask-wearing (χ 2 = 1.396, p = 0.237) or satisfaction with public health response (χ 2 = 2.221; p = 0.136).
    keywords: covid-19; health; participants; public; risk
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        item: #2166 of 5187
          id: cord-294429-isivkz8b
      author: Grifoni, Alba
       title: Targets of T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus in humans with COVID-19 disease and unexposed individuals
        date: 2020-05-20
       words: 10283
      flesch: 47
     summary: CD4+ T cell responses to spike, the main target of most vaccine efforts, were robust and correlated with the magnitude of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgA titers. CD4 + T cell responses to the remainder of the SARS-CoV-2 orfeome were also detected in 100% of COVID-19 cases (p < 0.0079 vs. unexposed donors non-spike MP, Fig.
    keywords: cases; cd4; cd8; cell; cell responses; cov-2; covid-19; disease; donors; et al; fig; human; responses; sars; specific; spike; t cell
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        item: #2167 of 5187
          id: cord-294440-zd0arwmr
      author: Sacco, Guillaume
       title: COVID-19 in seniors: Findings and lessons from mass screening in a nursing home
        date: 2020-06-26
       words: 3988
      flesch: 46
     summary: We were nevertheless able to clarify the symptomatology of COVID-19 residents, and to specify three different clinical profiles of residents with 100% infection within a nursing home affected by the SARS-CoV-2. The pauci-symptomatic expression of COVID-19 in older residents, together with the high prevalence of asymptomatic forms in caregivers, justifies mass screening in nursing homes, possibly prioritizing residents with suggestive combinations of clinical signs including dyspnea, falls, anorexia and/or altered consciousness.
    keywords: covid-19; home; members; nursing; rate; residents; staff; study
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        item: #2168 of 5187
          id: cord-294441-nehorqhi
      author: O’Brien, Stephen J.
       title: Plagues and adaptation: Lessons from the Felidae models for SARS and AIDS
        date: 2006-08-31
       words: 6772
      flesch: 38
     summary: Recognition that FIV causes AIDS-like disease in domestic cat and that this is a natural model for HIV in humans, has led to extensive surveillance of FIV in other species (Biek et al., 2006; Biek et al., 2003; Carpenter et al., 1996; Carpenter and O'Brien, 1995; Olmsted et al., 1992; Troyer et al., 2004; Troyer et al., 2005) , an essential step in determining the genetic diversity of the pathogen. Western blot screening of antibodies against FIV in free-ranging non-domestic cat species (Fig. 4) revealed that several were exposed to the virus (Carpenter and O'Brien, 1995; Olmsted et al., 1989; Olmsted et al., 1992; Troyer et al., 2005) .
    keywords: cat; cheetah; disease; et al; feline; fig; fiv; host; human; infection; lions; population; species; virus
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        item: #2169 of 5187
          id: cord-294498-fv545rfa
      author: Spiegel, Martin
       title: The antiviral effect of interferon-beta against SARS-Coronavirus is not mediated by MxA protein
        date: 2004-07-31
       words: 1282
      flesch: 45
     summary: Nevertheless, no interference with SARS-CoV replication was observed in Vero cells stably expressing MxA. Therefore, other interferon-induced proteins must be responsible for the strong inhibitory effect of interferon-beta against SARS-CoV. Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is an infectious disease which has recently emerged in China and rapidly spread to other countries . For all following experiments, Vero cells were chosen because they are unable to synthesize IFN but are fully responsive to IFN treatment (Diaz et al., 1988) .
    keywords: cov; ifn-; sars
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        item: #2170 of 5187
          id: cord-294501-1nf98mpb
      author: Bonafè, Massimiliano
       title: Inflamm-aging: Why older men are the most susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 complicated outcomes
        date: 2020-05-03
       words: 3754
      flesch: 33
     summary: 25-Hydroxycholesterol suppresses interleukin-1-driven inflammation downstream of type I interferon Interaction of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus and NL63 coronavirus spike proteins with angiotensin converting enzyme-2 A novel angiotensin-converting enzyme-related carboxypeptidase (ACE2) converts angiotensin I to angiotensin 1-9 High expression of ACE2 receptor of 2019-nCoV on the epithelial cells of oral mucosa Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus, A first step in understanding SARS pathogenesis SARS coronavirus-induced lung injury Attenuation of pulmonary ACE2 activity impairs inactivation of des-Arg(9) bradykinin/BKB1R axis and facilitates LPS-induced neutrophil infiltration The discovery of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and its role in acute lung injury in mice The clinical pathology of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): a report from China Endothelial cell senescence in aging-related vascular dysfunction Individual variation of the SARS-CoV2 receptor ACE2 gene expression and regulation Comparative genetic analysis of the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV/ SARS-CoV-2) receptor ACE2 in different populations Inflammaging 2018: an update and a model Senescence-associated secretory phenotypes reveal cellnonautonomous functions of oncogenic RAS and the p53 tumor suppressor Senescence associated macrophages and macroph-aging: Are they pieces of the same puzzle? Age-related M1/M2 phenotype changes in circulating monocytes from healthy/unhealthy individuals Single cell RNA sequencing of 13 human tissues identify cell types and receptors of human coronaviruses Cells exhibiting strong p16 (INK4a) promoter activation in vivo display features of senescence PAI-1 regulation of TGF-beta1-induced alveolar type II cell senescence, SASP secretion, and SASP-mediated activation of alveolar macrophages The telomere world and aging: analytical challenges and future perspectives The hallmarks of aging Sex differences in telomeres and lifespan Changes in the biochemical taste of cytoplasmic and cell-free DNA are major fuels for inflamm-aging Exploiting the telomere machinery to put the brakes on inflamm-aging Shorter leukocyte telomere length is associated with higher risk of infections: a prospective study of 75,309 individuals from the general population DNA methylation age of human tissues and cell types Regeneron, Sanofi to Test Arthritis Drug as Coronavirus Treatment, Wall Street Senolytics in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: results from a first-in-human, open-label Senolytics decrease senescent cells in humans: preliminary report from a clinical trial of Dasatinib plus Quercetin in individuals with diabetic kidney disease Anti-senescence compounds: a potential nutraceutical approach to healthy aging Repetitive elements in mammalian telomeres suppress bacterial DNA-induced immune activation A suppressive oligodeoxynucleotide expressing TTAGGG motifs modulates cellular energetics through the mTOR signaling pathway Suppressive oligonucleotides inhibit inflammation in a murine model of mechanical ventilator induced lung injury Biological age predictors Where metabolism meets senescence: focus on endothelial cells Measuring biological aging in humans: a quest Small extracellular vesicles deliver miR-21 and miR-217 as pro-senescence effectors to endothelial cells Circulating miRNAs and miRNA shuttles as biomarkers: perspective trajectories of healthy and unhealthy aging COVID-19 illness in native and immunosuppressed states: a clinical-therapeutic staging proposal We are grateful to Word Designs for text editing (www. silviamodena.com).
    keywords: ace2; age; aging; covid-19; disease; immune; inflamm; inflammation; men; sars
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        item: #2171 of 5187
          id: cord-294527-fct2y5vn
      author: Guadarrama-Ortiz, Parménides
       title: Neurological Aspects of SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Mechanisms and Manifestations
        date: 2020-09-04
       words: 8837
      flesch: 29
     summary: (SARS-CoV) in SARS patients: implications for pathogenesis and virus transmission pathways Multiple organ infection and the pathogenesis of SARS Pathological study of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease. In this regard, there is increasing preoccupation with the neuroinvasive potential of SARS-CoV-2 due to the observation of neurological manifestations in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: acute; barré; cells; clinical; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; guillain; human; immune; individuals; infection; manifestations; patients; sars; symptoms; syndrome
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        item: #2172 of 5187
          id: cord-294537-wpq1492g
      author: Ritschl, Paul V.
       title: Solid organ transplantation programs facing lack of empiric evidence in the COVID‐19 pandemic: A By‐proxy Society Recommendation Consensus approach
        date: 2020-05-10
       words: 2540
      flesch: 40
     summary: As no consensus guidelines or international recommendations have been published on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID- 19) and organ transplant, the aim of this study was to offer a consensus-based approach to manage transplant programs until reliable data on risk and benefits of conducting organ transplants in times of a viral pandemic are available. Anticipating a higher-than-average susceptibility of transplant patients for COVID-19, a strong consensus was found for the validity of general preventive and hygienic measures for transplant patients.
    keywords: covid-19; data; paper; patients; sars; transplant; writing
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        item: #2173 of 5187
          id: cord-294551-s3nsiano
      author: Muller, M. P.
       title: Early diagnosis of SARS: lessons from the Toronto SARS outbreak
        date: 2006-04-04
       words: 3639
      flesch: 40
     summary: SARS patients without fever by the time of admission were older (76 vs. 44 years, p=0.001), had more comorbid illness (67 vs. 13%, p<0.0001), and were more likely to die from SARS (44 vs. 7%, p=0.045) than patients with fever. Because evidence suggests that Findings indicate percentage of laboratory results that were classified as above (ANC, CK, LDH) or below (WBC, ALC, PLT) the normal range the sensitivity and specificity of the case definitions used for SARS diagnosis may be limited [11, 12] and because inclusion of even small numbers of non-SARS cases within a cohort of SARS patients can limit the ability to recognize features unique to SARS, we focused our analysis on the confirmed patients.
    keywords: admission; cases; clinical; fever; patients; sars
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        item: #2174 of 5187
          id: cord-294558-cqa58db8
      author: Wang, Yubo
       title: Characterization of an asymptomatic cohort of SARS-COV-2 infected individuals outside of Wuhan, China
        date: 2020-05-22
       words: 2861
      flesch: 50
     summary: The median time between the initial positive RT-PCR test and discharge was significantly longer in asymptomatic COVID-19 patients than in asymptomatic patients with normal chest CT, 13.0 and 10.4 days, respectively (p<0.05; Figure 2 ). Symptomatic COVID-19 patients and asymptomatic cases are both a source of infection and patients in the incubation period can transmit SARS-CoV-2 to other persons
    keywords: asymptomatic; cases; cov-2; patients; sars
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        item: #2175 of 5187
          id: cord-294571-qd0qjo3y
      author: Rothan, Hussin A.
       title: Molecular Aspects of COVID-19 Differential Pathogenesis
        date: 2020-07-06
       words: 3258
      flesch: 35
     summary: key: cord-294571-qd0qjo3y authors: Rothan, Hussin A.; Acharya, Arpan; Reid, St Patrick; Kumar, Mukesh; Byrareddy, Siddappa N. title: Molecular Aspects of COVID-19 Differential Pathogenesis date: 2020-07-06 journal: Pathogens DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9070538 sha: doc_id: 294571 cord_uid: qd0qjo3y In the absence of therapeutic interventions, and a possible vaccine candidate, the spread of COVID-19 disease and associated fatalities are on the rise. There are no effective vaccines or specific antiviral drugs available to manage COVID-19 disease.
    keywords: ace2; children; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; expression; patients; sars
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        item: #2176 of 5187
          id: cord-294582-flkjekyo
      author: Hijikata, Atsushi
       title: Knowledge‐based structural models of SARS‐CoV‐2 proteins and their complexes with potential drugs
        date: 2020-05-25
       words: 4257
      flesch: 43
     summary: Also, the structural models of the complexes between SARS-CoV-2 proteins and potential drugs were proposed by comparing the ligand molecules of the proteins and approved, experimental, or natural drugs. COMPLIG matches molecular graphs and evaluates the similarity score of two molecules A and B as min{M Selected drug molecules were built into the protein models by superposing drug molecules to known (original) ligand molecules with COMPLIG.
    keywords: ace2; complex; coronavirus; drugs; ligand; models; molecules; proteins; rna; sars; structure
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        item: #2177 of 5187
          id: cord-294590-1niaplc2
      author: Schrag, Stephanie J.
       title: SARS Surveillance during Emergency Public Health Response, United States, March–July 2003
        date: 2004-02-17
       words: 4722
      flesch: 38
     summary: The frequency of travel to China, Hong Kong, and Toronto among SARS case-patients is shown by date of illness onset in Figure 3 ; the periods during which these areas were considered SARS-affected for surveillance purposes are also shown. The United States was one of many countries reporting SARS cases to WHO, which established international case definitions and reporting standards.
    keywords: acute; case; cdc; cov; health; illness; patients; sars; states; surveillance
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        item: #2178 of 5187
          id: cord-294592-zwvr57a0
      author: Mukherjee, Moumita
       title: Global cataloguing of variations in untranslated regions of viral genome and prediction of key host RNA binding protein-microRNA interactions modulating genome stability in SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-08-11
       words: 6103
      flesch: 48
     summary: We have also looked at the possible regulation of viral genomic RNA through binding of host RNA binding proteins (RBPs) and miR-NAs in specific sequences of the viral UTRs. We also looked at the putative host RNA binding protein (RBP) and microRNA binding sites in these regions by ‘RBPmap’ and ‘RNA22 v2’ respectively.
    keywords: binding; expression; genome; host; mirna; region; rna; sars; sequence; site; variants; virus
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        item: #2179 of 5187
          id: cord-294644-xuafsnxm
      author: Herrmann, Burkhard L.
       title: Die Prävalenz von SARS-CoV-2-IgG-AK liegt bei 1,2%: Screening bei asymptomatischen ambulanten Patienten
        date: 2020-08-13
       words: 1055
      flesch: 49
     summary: [NRW], Deutschland) SARS-CoV-2-IgG-AK im Screening nachweisen lassen, wurde in einer monozentrischen prospektiven Erhebung an 415 Patienten ohne zurückliegenden wissentlichen Kontakt mit SARS-CoV-2 oder COVID-19 untersucht. Inwiefern der positive Nachweis von SARS-CoV-2-IgG-AK eine Immunität induziert und ob sich Unterschiede der Titer ergeben, ist im weiteren Verlauf der Corona-Pandemie zu evaluieren.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; der; die; igg; sars; von
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        item: #2180 of 5187
          id: cord-294666-xlyuhzo9
      author: Arguin, Paul M.
       title: Health Communication during SARS
        date: 2004-02-17
       words: 1494
      flesch: 38
     summary: During the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak, electronic media made it possible to disseminate prevention messages rapidly. E xperience with the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) has reinforced the importance of a multipronged approach to preventing disease transmission.
    keywords: cdc; outbreak; plague; sars; travel
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        item: #2181 of 5187
          id: cord-294677-l1b4mw9d
      author: Prashantha, C.N.
       title: Molecular screening of antimalarial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory and HIV protease inhibitors against spike glycoprotein of Coronavirus
        date: 2020-10-13
       words: 2414
      flesch: 39
     summary: SAVES is used to understand the complexity of protein structure based on atom-to-atom interaction of Ψ versus Φ conformational angels of 3D macromolecule measures the torsion angels of Cα (ideal) -N-Cβ (obs) and the results were represented in Ramachandran Plot. Prediction of protein structure is important in molecular docking, using I-TASSER to build three dimensional protein structure and used for homology modeling using SwissPDBViewer (SPDBV) software.
    keywords: amino; coronavirus; disease; docking; drugs; protein; receptor; structure; target
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        item: #2182 of 5187
          id: cord-294692-qfz6a1kc
      author: Ortega, Karem L.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 and dentistry
        date: 2020-06-05
       words: 1020
      flesch: 34
     summary: The sensation was that dentistry would face an even greater challenge since this profession not only exposes the practitioner to extremely close contact with the patient's airways but also uses dental procedures causing the production of aerosols, which can potentially contaminate several surfaces in the dental office. [5] performed a literature review of 22 studies on the virucidal capacity of several substances, which were tested against various coronaviruses (both human and animal ones) regarding the disinfection of inanimate surfaces.
    keywords: oral; peroxide; sars; virus
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        item: #2183 of 5187
          id: cord-294696-pm6pfeeb
      author: Kunz, Y.
       title: Was sollte ein Urologe zu SARS-Cov-2 wissen? Risikoanalyse für urologische Operationen und Handlungsempfehlungen im klinischen Alltag
        date: 2020-10-13
       words: 3243
      flesch: 36
     summary: Dieser Rauch besteht zu 95 % aus Wasser und 5 % aus Zellmaterial in der Größe von 0,007 -0,31 μm. In der Früherkennung einer drohenden Niereninsuffizienz kommt deshalb einer Urinanalyse eine wichtige Rolle zu
    keywords: als; auch; auf; bei; bereits; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; das; der; des; die; durch; eine; für; infection; ist; mit; oder; patienten; patients; sars; und; von; werden; wird
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        item: #2184 of 5187
          id: cord-294698-mtfrbn87
      author: Kim, H. K.
       title: Detection of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome‐Like, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome‐Like Bat Coronaviruses and Group H Rotavirus in Faeces of Korean Bats
        date: 2016-05-23
       words: 2689
      flesch: 51
     summary: Therefore, in this study, we investigated viruses in bat species in Korea, using 49 faecal samples collected from July to December 2015 in 11 sites in natural bat habitats. This may imply that other strains or types of those coronaviruses may circulate in bat species in Korea.
    keywords: b15; bat; bats; cov; sars; viruses
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        item: #2185 of 5187
          id: cord-294700-pb5k21da
      author: Dulek, Daniel E
       title: Multidisciplinary Guidance Regarding the Use of Immunomodulatory Therapies for Acute COVID-19 in Pediatric Patients
        date: 2020-08-18
       words: 14549
      flesch: 30
     summary: A single center experience Rapid and Severe Covid-19 Pneumonia with Severe Acute Chest Syndrome in a Sickle Cell Patient Successfully Treated with Tocilizumab Off-label Use of Tocilizumab in Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection Multicenter initial guidance on use of antivirals for children with COVID-19/SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 in children and adolescents in Europe: a multinational, multicentre cohort study Clinical Manifestations and Outcomes of Critically Ill Children and Adolescents with COVID-19 in New York City Post-mortem examination of COVID19 patients reveals diffuse alveolar damage with severe capillary congestion and variegated findings of lungs and other organs suggesting vascular dysfunction Autopsy Findings and Venous Thromboembolism in Patients With COVID-19 Hematologic, biochemical and immune biomarker abnormalities associated with severe illness and mortality in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a meta-analysis COVID-19 and its implications for thrombosis and anticoagulation Plasma IP-10 and MCP-3 levels are highly associated with disease severity and predict the progression of COVID-19 Immune cell profiling of COVID-19 patients in the recovery stage by single-cell sequencing Impaired type I interferon activity and inflammatory responses in severe COVID-19 patients Type I IFN immunoprofiling in COVID-19 patients Imbalanced Host Response to SARS-CoV-2 Drives Development of COVID-19 Dysregulated Type I Interferon and Inflammatory Monocyte-Macrophage Responses Cause Lethal Pneumonia in SARS-CoV-Infected Mice Targeting the inflammatory cascade with anakinra in moderate to severe COVID-19 pneumonia: case series Interleukin-1 blockade with high-dose anakinra in patients with COVID-19, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and hyperinflammation: a retrospective cohort study Favorable Anakinra Responses in Severe Covid-19 Patients with Secondary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Tocilizumab for the treatment of severe coronavirus disease 2019 Interleukin-6: A Masterplayer in the Cytokine Network Impaired immune and acute-phase responses in interleukin-6-deficient mice Late interleukin-6 escalates T follicular helper cell responses and controls a chronic viral infection HBV replication is significantly reduced by IL-6 Interleukin-6 limits influenza-induced inflammation and protects against fatal lung pathology Delayed induction of proinflammatory cytokines and suppression of innate antiviral response by the novel Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: implications for pathogenesis and treatment Active replication of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus and aberrant induction of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in human macrophages: implications for pathogenesis Up-regulation of IL-6 and TNF-alpha induced by SARS-coronavirus spike protein in murine macrophages via NF-kappaB pathway Nucleocapsid protein of SARS-CoV activates interleukin-6 expression through cellular transcription factor NF-kappaB Lack of innate interferon responses during SARS coronavirus infection in a vaccination and reinfection ferret model Detectable serum SARS-CoV-2 viral load (RNAaemia) is closely correlated with drastically elevated interleukin 6 (IL-6) level in critically ill COVID-19 patients Clinical predictors of mortality due to COVID-19 based on an analysis of data of 150 patients from Wuhan, China Characteristics of pediatric SARS-CoV-2 infection and potential evidence for persistent fecal viral shedding Tocilizumab for treatment of mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19 Tocilizumab in patients with severe COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study Tocilizumab Treatment for Cytokine Release Syndrome in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: Survival and Clinical Outcomes Pilot prospective open, single-arm multicentre study on offlabel use of tocilizumab in patients with severe COVID-19 Efficacy and safety of tocilizumab in severe COVID-19 patients: a single-centre retrospective cohort study Effective treatment of severe COVID-19 patients with tocilizumab Tocilizumab for the treatment of severe COVID-19 pneumonia with hyperinflammatory syndrome and acute respiratory failure: A single center study of 100 patients in Pneumatosis Intestinalis and Intestinal Perforation in a Transaminase Levels and Hepatic Events During Tocilizumab Treatment: Pooled Analysis of Long-Term Clinical Trial Safety Data in Rheumatoid Arthritis Letter to the Editor: Acute hypertriglyceridemia in patients with COVID-19 receiving tocilizumab Anakinra for severe forms of COVID-19: a cohort study Canakinumab in a subgroup of patients with COVID-19 Critical regulation of early Th17 cell differentiation by interleukin-1 signaling Interleukin (IL) 1beta induction of IL-6 is mediated by a novel phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent AKT/IkappaB kinase alpha pathway targeting activator protein-1 Anakinra Therapy for Non-cancer Inflammatory Diseases Rilonacept and canakinumab European Group Of Clinical I. Long-term safety and maintenance of clinical improvement following treatment with anakinra (recombinant human interleukin-1 receptor antagonist) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: extension phase of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial A multicentre, double blind, randomised, placebo controlled trial of anakinra (Kineret), a recombinant interleukin 1 receptor antagonist, in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with background methotrexate Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of the efficacy and safety of rilonacept in the treatment of systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis Efficacy and safety of rilonacept Trap) in patients with cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes: results from two sequential placebo-controlled studies Sustained remission of symptoms and improved health-related quality of life in patients with cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome treated with canakinumab: results of a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized withdrawal study Canakinumab for the Treatment of Autoinflammatory Recurrent Fever Syndromes Highlights of Prescribing Information Critical Assessment of Pharmacokinetic Drug-Drug Interaction Potential of Tofacitinib, Baricitinib and Upadacitinib, the Three Approved Janus Kinase Inhibitors for Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment The convalescent sera option for containing COVID-19 Use of convalescent plasma therapy in SARS patients in Hong Kong Retrospective comparison of convalescent plasma with continuing high-dose methylprednisolone treatment in SARS patients Challenges of convalescent plasma infusion therapy in Middle East respiratory coronavirus infection: a single centre experience The effectiveness of convalescent plasma and hyperimmune immunoglobulin for the treatment of severe acute respiratory infections of viral etiology: a systematic review and exploratory meta-analysis Treatment of 5 Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19 With Convalescent Plasma Treatment With Convalescent Plasma for Critically Ill Patients With SARS-CoV-2 Infection Effectiveness of convalescent plasma therapy in severe COVID-19 patients Use of Convalescent Plasma Therapy in Two COVID-19 Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Korea Treatment with convalescent plasma for COVID-19 patients in Wuhan Effect of Convalescent Plasma Therapy on Time to Clinical Improvement in Patients With Severe and Life-threatening COVID-19: A Randomized Clinical Trial Profile of IgG and IgM antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in patients with COVID-19 Anti-SARS-CoV-2 virus antibody levels in convalescent plasma of six donors who have recovered from COVID-19 Effect of Convalescent Plasma Therapy on Viral Shedding and Survival in COVID-19 Patients First case of convalescent plasma transfusion in a child with COVID-19-associated severe aplastic anemia Molecular Mechanism for Antibody-Dependent Enhancement of Coronavirus Entry Administration FaD Anti-spike IgG causes severe acute lung injury by skewing macrophage responses during acute SARS-CoV infection Passively acquired antibodies suppress humoral but not cell-mediated immunity in mice immunized with live attenuated respiratory syncytial virus vaccines Serum and nasal-wash immunoglobulin G and A antibody response of infants and children to respiratory syncytial virus F and G glycoproteins following primary infection Deployment of convalescent plasma for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 Currently available intravenous immunoglobulin contains antibodies reacting against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 antigens Anti-inflammatory activity of IVIG mediated through the inhibitory Fc receptor Preparations of intravenous immunoglobulins diminish the number and proinflammatory response of CD14+CD16++ monocytes in common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) patients Intravenous gammaglobulin inhibits encephalitogenic potential of pathogenic T cells and interferes with their trafficking to the central nervous system, implicating sphingosine-1 phosphate receptor 1-mammalian target of rapamycin axis Update on the use of immunoglobulin in human disease: A review of evidence Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Anakinra, Intravenous Immunoglobulin, and Corticosteroids in the Management of Critically Ill Adult Patients With Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Thrombocytopenia in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (review) Incidence and Outcome of Severe and Nonsevere Thrombocytopenia Associated With Zika Virus Infection-Puerto Rico Thrombocytopenia is associated with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections: A meta-analysis Macrophage Activation Syndrome High-Dose Intravenous Immunoglobulin as a Therapeutic Option for Deteriorating Patients With Coronavirus Disease Type I interferons in infectious disease Interferon-lambda orchestrates innate and adaptive mucosal immune responses COVID-19 and emerging viral infections: The case for interferon lambda A randomized phase 2b study of peginterferon lambda-1a for the treatment of chronic HCV infection 96weeks treatment of tenofovir alafenamide vs. tenofovir disoproxil fumarate for hepatitis B virus infection Korean Association for the Study of the L. KASL clinical practice guidelines for management of chronic hepatitis B
    keywords: acute; anakinra; children; clinical; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; covid-19 patients; cytokine; data; disease; evidence; infection; inflammatory; p t; patients; pediatric; sars; studies; syndrome; therapy; tocilizumab; treatment; use
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        item: #2186 of 5187
          id: cord-294704-prizmksg
      author: Lateef, Fatimah
       title: New paradigm for protection:: The emergency ambulance services in the time of severe acute respiratory syndrome
        date: 2004-06-16
       words: 2580
      flesch: 53
     summary: The history taking by paramedics now had to incorporate certain questions pertaining to risk for SARS, overseas travel, and fever. key: cord-294704-prizmksg authors: Lateef, Fatimah; Lim, Swee Han; Tan, Eng Hoe title: New paradigm for protection:: The emergency ambulance services in the time of severe acute respiratory syndrome date: 2004-06-16 journal: Prehosp Emerg Care DOI: 10.1016/j.prehos.2003.12.016 sha: doc_id: 294704 cord_uid: prizmksg Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a newly emerging and highly infectious form of atypical pneumonia with a high rate of transmission, especially among health care workers.
    keywords: ambulance; cases; emergency; health; paramedics; patient; sars
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        item: #2187 of 5187
          id: cord-294718-n3gx862b
      author: Tam, Patrick C K
       title: Detectable severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in human breast milk of a mildly symptomatic patient with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
        date: 2020-05-30
       words: 1608
      flesch: 52
     summary: This case report describes an actively breastfeeding patient with COVID-19 infection with detectable viral RNA in human milk. Given this uncertainty and detectable viral RNA in human milk, the benefits of human milk likely greatly outweigh risks associated with maternal COVID-19 infection, due to conferring protection to other respiratory illnesses [9] .
    keywords: human
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        item: #2188 of 5187
          id: cord-294788-9usyb1nn
      author: Baek, Woong Kee
       title: A Comprehensive Review of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2
        date: 2020-05-03
       words: 4478
      flesch: 41
     summary: Patients with mild symptoms presented with an elevation of cytokines within the reference ranges, while severe patients showed markedly elevated levels [19] . The pathophysiology behind the peripheral leukopenia in severe patients is not fully understood.
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; patients; sars; symptoms; syndrome
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        item: #2189 of 5187
          id: cord-294789-07hto8qn
      author: Schoch-Spana, Monica
       title: The public’s role in COVID-19 vaccination: human-centered recommendations to enhance pandemic vaccine awareness, access, and acceptance in the United States
        date: 2020-10-29
       words: 5812
      flesch: 33
     summary: A combination of literature reviews on vaccination, pandemic planning, and health crisis communication; an assessment of current news and social media trends regarding COVID-19 vaccines; and key informant interviews with each working group member focusing on their respective expertise formed the basis of the research presented in this article. In the case of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, for instance, while an NIH Funding Opportunity Award that could support research on human factors related to vaccine acceptance was made possible in June 2020, the earliest project start date is September 2021, a full nine months after Operation Warp Speed plans for COVID-19 vaccines to become available [21] .
    keywords: communication; community; cov-2; covid-19; group; health; human; pandemic; populations; public; research; safety; sars; vaccination; vaccine
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        item: #2190 of 5187
          id: cord-294800-akr4f5p8
      author: Kabir, Md. Tanvir
       title: nCOVID-19 Pandemic: From Molecular Pathogenesis to Potential Investigational Therapeutics
        date: 2020-07-10
       words: 14110
      flesch: 33
     summary: Recently, it has been observed that nCOVID-19 might predispose to both arterial and venous thromboembolic disease because of immobilization, hypoxia, inflammation, and diffuse intravascular coagulation Guan et al., 2020; Klok et al., 2020; Wang et al., 2020a; Zhou et al., 2020) . Also, the derivatives of teicoplanin including telavancin, dalbavancin, and oritavancin, were also found to block the entry of SARS, MERS, and Ebola viruses (Zhou et al., 2016) .
    keywords: acute; antiviral; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; day; disease; drug; et al; host; human; individuals; infection; influenza; mers; ncovid-19; novel; patients; pneumonia; protein; response; sars; studies; study; syndrome; transmission; treatment; use; vitamin
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        item: #2191 of 5187
          id: cord-294812-nnlzwaf1
      author: Desforges, Marc
       title: Neuroinvasive and Neurotropic Human Respiratory Coronaviruses: Potential Neurovirulent Agents in Humans
        date: 2014-03-12
       words: 7103
      flesch: 33
     summary: The airway epithelium: soldier in the fight against respiratory viruses New respiratory viral infections Viral infections in immunocompromised patients: what's new with respiratory viruses? Viruses associated with pneumonia in adults Emerging respiratory agents: new viruses for old diseases? Epidemiology of acute upper and lower respiratory tract infections in children Illuminating viral infections in the nervous system Inflammation in neuroviral diseases Viral encephalitis: familiar infections and emerging pathogens Overview, prevention, and treatment of rabies HSV-induced apoptosis in herpes encephalitis Emerging flaviviruses: the spread and resurgence of Japanese encephalitis, West Nile and dengue viruses Cell death in HIV dementia Human polyomavirus JCV and expression of myelin genes Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy Molecular mechanisms of measles virus persistence The risk of development of HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis among persons infected with HTLV-I Infiltration of the brain by pathogens causes Alzheimer's disease Respiratory syncytial virus epidemics: the ups and downs of a seasonal virus Cerebrospinal fluid analysis in children with seizures from respiratory syncytial virus infection Detection of subgroup B respiratory syncytial virus in the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient with respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia Classification of acute encephalopathy in respiratory syncytial virus infection Neurological complications of respiratory syncytial virus infection: case series and review of literature Impaired learning resulting from respiratory syncytial virus infection Blue moon neurovirology: the merits of studying rare CNS diseases of viral origin Human paramyxoviruses and infections of the central nervous system Pathogenesis of Hendra and Nipah virus infection in humans Emerging epidemic viral encephalitides with a special focus on henipaviruses Rapid Nipah virus entry into the central nervous system of hamsters via the olfactory route Influenza virus and CNS infections Pathogenesis of influenza virus infections: the good, the bad and the ugly Clinical features of influenza C virus infection in children Study of influenza C virus infection in France Interspecies transmission, adaptation to humans and pathogenicity of animal influenza viruses Viral parkinsonism Acute encephalopathy and encephalitis caused by influenza virus infection Role of viral infections in the etiology of febrile seizures Influenza-associated central nervous system dysfunction: a literature review Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis associated with influenza A H1N1 infection Influenza A virus infection causes alterations in expression of synaptic regulatory genes combined with changes in cognitive and emotional behaviors in mice Influenza infection induces neuroinflammation, alters hippocampal neuron morphology, and impairs cognition in adult mice Human coronaviruses Viral-induced neurodegenerative disease Coronaviruses in poultry and other birds Coronaviruses as Encephalitisinducing infectious agents. Furthermore, it was shown that in the murine CNS, neurons are the main target of infection, which causes these essential cells to undergo degeneration and eventually die by some form of programmed cell death after virus infection.
    keywords: acute; associated; cell; cns; coronavirus; disease; hcov; human; infection; oc43; respiratory; sars; virus; viruses
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        item: #2192 of 5187
          id: cord-294831-pem059zk
      author: Zhang, Ling-Pu
       title: Focus on a 2019-novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2)
        date: 2020-06-11
       words: 6212
      flesch: 49
     summary: SARS-CoV-2 envelope (E) protein, matrix protein, accessory proteins p6 and p8, nonstructural protein 7 (nsp7), and nsp13 are homologous with those of SARS virus SARS-CoV-2 has 82% nucleotide identity with human SARS-CoV and 96% nucleotide identity with bat SARS coronavirus (SARSr-CoV-RaTG13).
    keywords: antiviral; china; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; infection; mers; ncov; novel; patients; pneumonia; rate; sars; study
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        item: #2193 of 5187
          id: cord-294854-rvrgcugn
      author: Hu, Biying
       title: The cytokine storm and COVID‐19
        date: 2020-06-27
       words: 2788
      flesch: 33
     summary: Potential for global spread of a novel coronavirus from China Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan An interferon-gamma-related cytokine storm in SARS patients Active replication of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus and aberrant induction of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in human macrophages: implications for pathogenesis COVID-19: consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression Chapter Eight -Hosts and Sources of Endemic Human Coronaviruses Coronaviridae Study Group of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Pathological alterations in COVID-19 patients include pulmonary edema, diffuse alveolar injury with the formation of hyaline membranes, the presence of reactive type II pneumocyte hyperplasia, proteinaceous aggregates, fibrinous Accepted Article exudates, monocytes and macrophages within alveolar spaces, and inflammatory infiltration of interstitial mononuclear cells [25] [26]
    keywords: acute; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; cytokine; patients; sars; storm; syndrome
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        item: #2194 of 5187
          id: cord-294856-eeh2a0t8
      author: Lambert, Paul-Henri
       title: Consensus Summary Report for CEPI/BC March 12-13, 2020 Meeting: Assessment of Risk of Disease Enhancement with COVID-19 Vaccines
        date: 2020-05-25
       words: 5249
      flesch: 32
     summary: Virology Intratracheal exposure of common marmosets to MERS-CoV Jordan-n3/2012 or MERS-CoV EMC/2012 isolates does not result in lethal disease Anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike antibodies trigger infection of human immune cells via a pH-and cysteine protease-independent FcgammaR pathway Antibody-dependent infection of human macrophages by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus A double-inactivated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus vaccine provides incomplete protection in mice and induces increased eosinophilic proinflammatory pulmonary response upon challenge Vaccine efficacy in senescent mice challenged with recombinant SARS-CoV bearing epidemic and zoonotic spike variants Successful vaccination strategies that protect aged mice from lethal challenge from influenza virus and heterologous severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Immunization with SARS coronavirus vaccines leads to pulmonary immunopathology on challenge with the SARS virus Prior immunization with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) nucleocapsid protein causes severe pneumonia in mice infected with SARS-CoV Immunization with modified vaccinia virus Ankara-based recombinant vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome is associated with enhanced hepatitis in ferrets Animal models and antibody assays for evaluating candidate SARS vaccines: summary of a technical meeting 25-26 Immunization with inactivated Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus vaccine leads to lung immunopathology on challenge with live virus A Highly Immunogenic, Protective, and Safe Adenovirus-Based Vaccine Expressing Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus S1-CD40L Fusion Protein in a Transgenic Human Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Mouse Model Anti-spike IgG causes severe acute lung injury by skewing macrophage responses during acute SARS-CoV infection Immunodominant SARS Coronavirus Epitopes in Humans Elicited both Enhancing and Neutralizing Effects on Infection in Non-human Primates Correction: Immunodominant SARS Coronavirus Epitopes in Humans Elicited Both Enhancing and Neutralizing Effects on Infection in Non-human Primates Immunogenicity and protective efficacy in monkeys of purified inactivated Verocell SARS vaccine. In murine models, evidence for vaccine related disease enhancement has been demonstrated for inactivated whole vaccine (with and without alum), vectored vaccine expressing N protein (but not seen with vectored vaccine expressing S protein in same report), a replicon particle platform expressing S protein, and a vectored vaccine expressing S proteins.
    keywords: animal; challenge; coronavirus; cov-2; disease; enhancement; mice; models; response; sars; vaccine; virus
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        item: #2195 of 5187
          id: cord-294861-inlaz4od
      author: Liu, Chen
       title: Six Gynecological Cancer Patients Infected With SARS-CoV-2 After Surgery or Radio-/Chemo-Therapy Treatment: Case Series
        date: 2020-09-15
       words: 3244
      flesch: 47
     summary: We noticed that cancer patients, with a fragile physical state and a higher chance of exposure during routine follow-up, might require special attention at this stage. Thus, more individualized clinical management should be customized to cope with the complexities of the virus in cancer patients.
    keywords: cancer; case; covid-19; patients; sars; treatment
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        item: #2196 of 5187
          id: cord-294910-gnc04ax1
      author: Nogueira, Paulo Jorge
       title: The Role of Health Preconditions on COVID-19 Deaths in Portugal: Evidence from Surveillance Data of the First 20293 Infection Cases
        date: 2020-07-24
       words: 4943
      flesch: 36
     summary: The results of the present study registered potential different pathophysiological mechanisms for COVID-19 mortality, suggesting the need for a team approach between different medical specialties in order to maximize the probabilities of recovery for COVID-19 patients. Patients: Results of the SARS-RAS Study of the Italian Society of Hypertension National age and coresidence patterns shape COVID-19 vulnerability Acute kidney injury is associated with the mortality of coronavirus disease 2019 Determinants of blood pH in health and disease Is the kidney a target of SARS-CoV-2? Kidney disease is associated with in-hospital death of patients with COVID-19 Impact of Cerebrovascular and Cardiovascular Diseases on Mortality and Severity of COVID-19-Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and Meta-regression Issues of Cardiovascular Risk Management in People With Diabetes in the COVID-19 Era North American COVID-19 ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NACMI) registry: Rationale, design, and implications Takotsubo syndrome during SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia: A possible cardiovascular complication Myocardial injury determination improves risk stratification and predicts mortality in COVID-19 patients The Heart in COVID19: Primary Target or Secondary Bystander? COVID 19 and heart failure: From infection to inflammation and angiotensin II stimulation.
    keywords: age; cases; covid-19; disease; mortality; patients; preconditions; risk; study
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        item: #2197 of 5187
          id: cord-294912-xl0wzi16
      author: Alteri, Claudia
       title: Detection and quantification of SARS-CoV-2 by droplet digital PCR in real-time PCR negative nasopharyngeal swabs from suspected COVID-19 patients
        date: 2020-09-08
       words: 3634
      flesch: 38
     summary: Of note, a severe COVID-19 manifestation characterized 14 of the 19 patients with a ddPCR confirmed SARS--CoV-2 infection (73.7%, S1 Table) . In order to further confirm the performance of the ddPCR-based assay, IgG against SARS--CoV-2 were tested by using a commercial Chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay IgG against SARS-CoV-2 (https://www.corelaboratory.abbott/us/en/offerings/segments/ infectious-disease/sars-cov-2, sensitivity:99.9% specificity:100%)
    keywords: copies; cov-2; covid-19; ddpcr; patients; rtpcr; samples; sars
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        item: #2198 of 5187
          id: cord-294921-h44tct43
      author: Greninger, Alexander L.
       title: The First Quarter of SARS-CoV-2 Testing: the University of Washington Medicine Experience
        date: 2020-07-23
       words: 2756
      flesch: 50
     summary: The species severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus: classifying 2019-nCoV and naming it SARS-CoV-2 Detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real-time RT-PCR Comparison of commercially available and laboratory developed assays for in vitro detection of SARS-CoV-2 in clinical laboratories Serological assays for emerging coronaviruses: challenges and pitfalls Performance characteristics of the Abbott Architect SARS-CoV-2 IgG assay and seroprevalence in Alexander L. Greninger is the Assistant Director and Keith R. Jerome is the Director of UW Virology. It was not clear when control materials that could be handled in clinical laboratories, which are BSL-2, would become available.
    keywords: cdc; cov-2; laboratory; sars; testing; virology
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        item: #2199 of 5187
          id: cord-294931-a77g9rjo
      author: Zhang, Linqi
       title: Antibody responses against SARS coronavirus are correlated with disease outcome of infected individuals
        date: 2005-11-18
       words: 4025
      flesch: 42
     summary: The former hypothesis would agree with the immunopathologic effects of SARS-CoV on lung and spleen, and rapid and generalized lymphopenia in SARS patients during the acute phase of infection Leung et al., 2004; Nicholls et al., 2003; Peiris et al., 2003a,b; Poutanen et al., 2003; Wong et al., 2003; Woo et al., 2004a] . Severe inflammation and significant higher levels of pro-inflammation cytokine found in SARS patients are consistent with this hypothesis Lee et al., 2003; Nicholls et al., 2003; Peiris et al., 2003a,b; Poutanen et al., 2003; Tsang et al., 2003; Wong et al., 2003] .
    keywords: activities; cov; et al; glycoprotein; levels; nab; patients; sars
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        item: #2200 of 5187
          id: cord-294933-oc2glu4a
      author: Cinesi Gómez, César
       title: Clinical consensus recommendations regarding non-invasive respiratory support in the adult patient with acute respiratory failure secondary to SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-06-19
       words: 5647
      flesch: 39
     summary: An official clinical practice guideline of the Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) ---lessons for future pandemics MERS transmission and risk factors: a systematic review Clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America: 2018 update on diagnosis, treatment, chemoprophylaxis, and institutional outbreak management of seasonal influenza Highlights in acute respiratory failure High-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy is superior to conventional oxygen therapy but not to noninvasive mechanical ventilation on intubation rate: a systematic review and meta-analysis Current evidence for the effectiveness of heated and humidified high flow nasal cannula supportive therapy in adult patients with respiratory failure British Thoracic Society/Intensive Care Society Guideline for the ventilatory management of acute hypercapnic respiratory failure in adults Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for critically ill adults Noninvasive ventilation in acute hypercapnic respiratory failure Effectiveness of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation in the treatment of acute respiratory failure in severe acute respiratory syndrome Noninvasive mechanical ventilation in severe pneumonia due to H1N1 virus Pandemic 2009 influenza A in Argentina: a study of 337 patients on mechanical ventilation Early non-invasive ventilation treatment for severe influenza pneumonia Official ERS/ATS clinical practice guidelines: noninvasive ventilation for acute respiratory failure Clinical management of severe acute respiratory infection when novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection is suspected Severe SARS-CoV-2 infections: practical considerations and management strategy for intensivists. A fundamental element in the management of ARF in COVID-19 patients in monitoring ---preferably of a non-invasive nature.
    keywords: covid-19; disease; failure; flow; healthcare; infection; management; nasal; nimv; oxygen; patients; sars; therapy; use; ventilation
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        item: #2201 of 5187
          id: cord-294999-a5x8bmfr
      author: Plotkin, Stanley A
       title: The New Coronavirus, the Current King of China
        date: 2020-02-21
       words: 1186
      flesch: 48
     summary: The pediatric burden of human coronaviruses evaluated for twenty years Respiratory coronavirus infections in children younger than two years of age Frequent detection of human coronaviruses in clinical specimens from patients with respiratory tract infection by use of a novel real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction Clinical impact of human coronaviruses 229E and OC43 infection in diverse adult populations Effects of coronavirus infections in children Epidemiology and clinical features of human coronaviruses in the pediatric population Immunopathogenesis of coronavirus infections: implications for SARS MERS-CoV in upper respiratory tract and lungs of dromedary camels, Saudi Arabia MERS-CoV outbreak in Jeddah-a link to health care facilities Person-to-person spread of the MERS coronavirus-an evolving picture Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: update for clinicians Presence of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus antibodies in Saudi Arabia: a nationwide, cross-sectional, serological study A synthetic consensus anti-spike protein DNA vaccine induces protective immunity against Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in nonhuman primates Genomic characterization of the 2019 novel human-pathogenic coronavirus isolated from a patient with atypical pneumonia after visiting Wuhan Public health: broad reception for coronavirus Isolation and characterization of a novel bat coronavirus closely related to the direct progenitor of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses with mutations in the E protein are attenuated and promising vaccine candidates Immunogenicity, safety, and protective efficacy of an inactivated SARS-associated coronavirus vaccine in rhesus monkeys A double-inactivated whole virus candidate SARS coronavirus vaccine stimulates neutralising and protective antibody responses Obstacles and advances in SARS vaccine development VRC 301 Study Team. Nature frequently repeats itself, and a new coronavirus, named SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has escaped from a market in the city of Wuhan in central China and is spreading from there.
    keywords: coronavirus; human; sars; vaccine
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        item: #2202 of 5187
          id: cord-295029-zki5ac2g
      author: Pena, Robert C.F.
       title: In Reply to the Letter to the Editor Regarding “Coronavirus Neurosurgical/Head and Neck Drape to Prevent Aerosolization of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): The Lenox Hill Hospital/Northwell Health Solution”
        date: 2020-11-03
       words: 1650
      flesch: 24
     summary: HIV-1 aerosolization, for example, has been shown to occur at slower drill speeds (30,000 rpm), meaning a precautionary reduction in rotational speed likely does not protect against viral aerosol transmission. Even more, the cancellation of elective surgical procedures may protect surgical staff to a point, but they still incur substantial risk in the performance of emergent, nondelayable care.
    keywords: aerosol; covid-19; procedures; sars; transmission
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        item: #2203 of 5187
          id: cord-295034-em6z8mlu
      author: Daverey, Achlesh
       title: COVID-19: Eco-friendly hand hygiene for human and environmental safety
        date: 2020-11-11
       words: 1899
      flesch: 22
     summary: FDA (U.S. Food & Drug Administration) found methanol contamination in several tested hand sanitizers (77 products as on July 23, 2020) and advises consumers not to use hand sanitizers from certain manufactures (FDA, 2020). The market of soaps and hand sanitizers is expected to grow in the coming years and therefore, future research should be directed to develop eco-friendly soaps and hand sanitizers for human and environmental safety.
    keywords: alcohol; covid-19; detergents; hand; sanitizers; soaps; use
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        item: #2204 of 5187
          id: cord-295041-5vpawtef
      author: Jakhmola, Shweta
       title: SARS-CoV-2, an Underestimated Pathogen of the Nervous System
        date: 2020-09-28
       words: 5028
      flesch: 35
     summary: Cochrane Database Syst Rev SARS-CoV-2: recent reports on antiviral therapies based on lopinavir/ritonavir, darunavir/ umifenovir, hydroxychloroquine, remdesivir, favipiravir and other drugs for the treatment of the new coronavirus Amantadine disrupts lysosomal gene expression: a hypothesis for COVID19 treatment TH17 responses in cytokine storm of COVID-19: an emerging target of JAK2 inhibitor Fedratinib Proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in humans with Japanese encephalitis COVID-19 in a MS patient treated with ocrelizumab: does immunosuppression have a protective role? Neuroinflammation during RNA viral infections Inflammatory activation of microglia and astrocytes in manganese neurotoxicity Microglia in infectious diseases of the central nervous system Astrocytes maintain glutamate homeostasis in the CNS by controlling the balance between glutamate uptake and release Vitamin D receptor activation regulates microglia polarization and oxidative stress in spontaneously hypertensive rats and angiotensin IIexposed microglial cells: role of renin-angiotensin system Within the brain: the renin angiotensin system Coronavirus neurovirulence correlates with the ability of the virus to induce proinflammatory cytokine signals from astrocytes and microglia Hematological findings in SARS patients and possible mechanisms (review) Activation of human monocytes after infection by human coronavirus 229E Understanding SARS-CoV-2-Mediated inflammatory responses: from mechanisms to potential therapeutic tools COVID-19: consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2: central regulator for cardiovascular function ACE2 in brain physiology and pathophysiology: evidence from transgenic animal models Inhibitory interneurons regulate temporal precision and correlations in cortical circuits Angiotensin II regulation of angiotensin-converting enzymes in spontaneously hypertensive rat primary astrocyte cultures SARS-CoV2 entry and spread in the lymphatic drainage system of the brain Central nervous system involvement by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) Evidence of the COVID-19 virus targeting the CNS: tissue distribution, host-virus interaction, and proposed neurotropic mechanisms Can the enteric nervous system be an alternative entrance door in SARS-CoV2 neuroinvasion? SARS-CoV-2 productively infects human gut enterocytes The pivotal link between ACE2 deficiency and SARS-CoV-2 infection SARS-CoV-2: olfaction, brain infection, and the urgent need for clinical samples allowing earlier virus detection The olfactory bulb: an immunosensory effector organ during neurotropic viral infections Respiratory barrier as a safeguard and regulator of defense against influenza A virus and Single-cell analysis of olfactory neurogenesis and differentiation in adult humans Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection causes neuronal death in the absence of encephalitis in mice transgenic for human ACE2 Characterization of spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 on virus entry and its immune cross-reactivity with SARS-CoV Novel dynamics of human mucociliary differentiation revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing of nasal epithelial cultures Hierarchical deconstruction of mouse olfactory sensory neurons: from whole mucosa to single-cell RNA-seq A multibasic cleavage site in the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 is essential for infection of human lung cells Furin at the cutting edge: from protein traffic to embryogenesis and disease Publisher's Note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations T helper cell 17 (Th17)-mediated cytokine storm, evident in virus infections, is seen in COVID-19 with neurological manifestations (Fig. 1b)
    keywords: brain; cells; cns; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; infection; olfactory; patients; sars; studies; system; virus; viruses
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        item: #2205 of 5187
          id: cord-295051-upyar7en
      author: Ahmadian, Elham
       title: Covid‐19 and kidney injury: Pathophysiology and molecular mechanisms
        date: 2020-10-06
       words: 4866
      flesch: 38
     summary: In addition, Covid-19 patients have shown similar patterns to SARS cases in the prevalence rate of AKI; a retroperspective study reported 6% of SARS patients to suffer also from F I G U R E 2 Direct effects of SARS-CoV-2 on kidney injury. ACE-2 and transmembrane protease, serine 2 (TMPRSS2) genes are expressed in kidney cells as much as in lung, small intestine and oesophagus; supporting their role as profound targets of SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: ace2; acute; aki; angiotensin; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; injury; kidney; patients; sars
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        item: #2206 of 5187
          id: cord-295061-58tj4csz
      author: Wilder‐Smith, Annelies
       title: Short communication: Low risk of transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome on airplanes: the Singapore experience
        date: 2003-10-22
       words: 1321
      flesch: 49
     summary: The Infectious Diseases Act was invoked on 24 March 2003 in Singapore to provide the legal basis to quarantine all contacts that had been exposed to SARS patients; and therefore home quarantine orders and active surveillance was instituted from 24 March 2003 onward for all passengers once a fellow passenger was notified to the Ministry as suspect or probable SARS patient. The incidence of transmission of SARS on airplanes with SARS patients with respiratory symptoms is estimated to be 1 out of 156 exposed passengers.
    keywords: sars; singapore; transmission
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        item: #2207 of 5187
          id: cord-295075-cqbayzat
      author: Rajnarayanan, Rajendram V.
       title: “Teaching old drugs to kill new bugs”: structure-based discovery of anti-SARS drugs
        date: 2004-08-20
       words: 3678
      flesch: 44
     summary: A database of more than 15,000 compounds comprising of protease inhibitors (aspartyl, cysteine, serine, and metallo-proteases), HETATM records extracted from PDB (http://www.rcsb.org/) Structural conclusions from active site similarity within the coronavirus family and virtual screening on homology models have provided some clues regarding the class of compounds that could interact with SARS protease.
    keywords: compounds; covalent; drugs; inhibitors; protease; sars; screening; site; structure
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        item: #2208 of 5187
          id: cord-295121-4xemmaqt
      author: Ferreira, Eliane de Oliveira
       title: Should We Be Worried About Clostridioides difficile During the SARS-CoV2 Pandemic?
        date: 2020-09-29
       words: 2304
      flesch: 26
     summary: COVID-19 patients receive an empirical antimicrobial therapy with moxifloxacin, cefoperazone, or azithromycin , drugs that are strongly associated with CDI. Although some of those risk factors for CDI are also related to higher probability rates of mortality in severe SARS-CoV-2 infection, the limited number of CDI cases reported among COVID-19 patients is somewhat surprising.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; difficile; patients; sars
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        item: #2209 of 5187
          id: cord-295130-e7j7kac0
      author: Moreno-Contreras, Joaquín
       title: Saliva Sampling and Its Direct Lysis, an Excellent Option To Increase the Number of SARS-CoV-2 Diagnostic Tests in Settings with Supply Shortages
        date: 2020-09-22
       words: 2912
      flesch: 48
     summary: After collection, both swab and saliva samples were stored at 4°C until transported to the Institute of Biotechnology/UNAM for their analysis, which was within 24 to 36 h after sample collection. For saliva samples that had high viscosity, 1 volume of sterile phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) was added and mixed by repeated pipetting, and the diluted saliva sample was extracted as mentioned above.
    keywords: cov-2; rna; saliva; samples; sars; swabs
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        item: #2210 of 5187
          id: cord-295142-5sqkdpi8
      author: Han, Y.
       title: The active lung microbiota landscape of COVID-19 patients
        date: 2020-08-23
       words: 3028
      flesch: 39
     summary: mSystems Gut microbiota: Role in pathogen colonization, immune responses, and inflammatory disease Depicting SARS-CoV-2 faecal viral activity in association with gut microbiota composition in patients with COVID-19 Genomic diversity of SARS-CoV-2 in Coronavirus Disease 2019 patients IDseq -An Open Source Cloud-based Pipeline and Analysis Service for Metagenomic Pathogen Detection and Monitoring Cytoscape: a software environment for integrated models of biomolecular interaction networks Transcriptomic characteristics of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and peripheral blood mononuclear cells in COVID-19 patients RNA based mNGS approach identifies a novel human coronavirus from two individual pneumonia cases in 2019 Wuhan outbreak Imbalanced Host Response to SARS-CoV-2 Drives Development of COVID-19 Obesity and disease severity magnify disturbed microbiome-immune interactions in asthma patients Lautropia mirabilis gen. nov., sp. nov., a gram-negative motile coccus with unusual morphology isolated from the human mouth Nosocomial urosepsis caused by Enterobacter kobei with aberrant phenotype Klebsiella oxytoca as a causative organism of antibiotic-associated hemorrhagic colitis Alterations in Gut Microbiota of Patients With COVID-19 During Time of Hospitalization Occurrence of virulence-associated properties in Enterobacter cloacae Ralstonia pickettii: a persistent gram-negative nosocomial infectious organism Complete Genome Sequence of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Isolated from the Gut of a Healthy Indian Adult Emerging Infectious Diseases Genomic variation landscape of the human gut microbiome Epidemiology and pathogenesis of Bacillus cereus infections Epidemiology and clinical impact of parainfluenza virus infections in otherwise healthy infants and young children < 5 years old Epidemiology and clinical presentation of the four human parainfluenza virus types Lactobacillus casei downregulates commensals' inflammatory signals in Crohn's disease mucosa Probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus downregulates FCER1 and HRH4 expression in human mast cells Induction of cyclooxygenase-2 signaling by Stomatococcus mucilaginosus highlights the pathogenic potential of an oral commensal Translocation of a gut pathobiont drives autoimmunity in mice and humans Supplementary table 1. Here, we analyzed the metatranscriptomic data of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of 19 COVID-19 patients and 23 healthy controls from 6 independent projects and detailed the active microbiota landscape in both healthy individuals and COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; microbiota; patients; preprint; sars; value
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        item: #2211 of 5187
          id: cord-295144-tyyc81uc
      author: Stradner, Martin H.
       title: Rheumatic Musculoskeletal Diseases and COVID-19 A Review of the First 6 Months of the Pandemic
        date: 2020-10-09
       words: 9915
      flesch: 28
     summary: A single center experience Efficacy and safety of tocilizumab in severe COVID-19 patients: a single-centre retrospective cohort study Interleukin-6 receptor blocking with intravenous tocilizumab in COVID-19 severe acute respiratory distress syndrome: a retrospective case-control survival analysis of 128 patients Tocilizumab in patients with severe COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study Interleukin-6 receptor blockade with subcutaneous tocilizumab in severe COVID-19 pneumonia and hyperinflammation: a case-control study Outcomes in patients with severe COVID-19 disease treated with tocilizumab -a case-controlled study Tocilizumab for treatment of mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19. Pre-publication reports describe a specific monocyte population in COVID-19 patients, not seen in healthy donors or other viral infections.
    keywords: case; clinical; cohort; coronavirus; course; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; inflammatory; patients; risk; rmd; sars; study; syndrome; treatment
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        item: #2212 of 5187
          id: cord-295257-iguhy1z8
      author: Calcagnile, Matteo
       title: ACE2 polymorphisms and individual susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection: insights from an in silico study
        date: 2020-04-24
       words: 4793
      flesch: 35
     summary: Pandemics: waves of disease, waves of hate from the Plague of Athens to A.I.D.S Are patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus at increased risk for COVID-19 infection? Genomic modulators of the immune response Genomic characterization of the 2019 novel human-pathogenic coronavirus isolated from a patient with atypical pneumonia after visiting Wuhan Mechanisms of coronavirus cell entry mediated by the viral spike protein Structure, Function, and Antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein Inhibitors of cathepsin L prevent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus entry Protease-mediated enhancement of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Cleavage and activation of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein by human airway trypsin-like protease Evidence that TMPRSS2 activates the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein for membrane fusion and reduces viral control by the humoral immune response Cleavage of the SARS coronavirus spike glycoprotein by airway proteases enhances virus entry into human bronchial epithelial cells in vitro A transmembrane serine protease is linked to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus receptor and activates virus entry TMPRSS2 and ADAM17 cleave ACE2 differentially and only proteolysis by TMPRSS2 augments entry driven by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor Functional assessment of cell entry and receptor usage for SARS-CoV-2 and other lineage B betacoronaviruses Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation COVID-19 and the cardiovascular system Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus. FireDock 34 was used to estimate the effects of removal of glycosidic residues or chains on ACE2 interaction with SARS-CoV-2 Spike RBD by calculating ΔG values.
    keywords: ace2; binding; cov-2; fig; interaction; models; protein; receptor; residues; sars; snps; spike
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        item: #2213 of 5187
          id: cord-295274-gzkfy70s
      author: Mecham, Jeffrey C.
       title: Utility of Tracheostomy in Patients With COVID‐19 and Other Special Considerations
        date: 2020-05-12
       words: 2903
      flesch: 30
     summary: One concern for healthcare professionals managing the airways of COVID-19 patients is the risk of viral exposure during aerosol-generating procedures, including intubation and tracheostomy. Although there is no readily available data on the number of patients requiring tracheostomy, given the volume and prolonged course of mechanically ventilated patients, it is prudent to compile resources and establish recommendations for performing tracheostomy in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: bedside; covid-19; exposure; patients; risk; tracheostomy
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        item: #2214 of 5187
          id: cord-295302-vwrxentv
      author: Shivarov, Velizar
       title: Potential SARS-CoV-2 Preimmune IgM Epitopes
        date: 2020-04-30
       words: 2402
      flesch: 43
     summary: Novel antibody epitopes dominate the antigenicity of spike glycoprotein in SARS-CoV-2 compared to SARS-CoV Structure, function and antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein Candidate targets for immune responses to 2019-Novel Coronavirus (nCoV): sequence homology-and bioinformatic-based predictions Preliminary identification of potential vaccine targets for the COVID-19 coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) based on SARS-CoV immunological studies Epitopes for a 2019-nCoV vaccine Diagnostic profiling of the human public IgM repertoire with scalable mimotope libraries Identification of immunodominant sites on the spike protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus: implication for developing SARS diagnostics and vaccines Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation Unexpected receptor functional mimicry elucidates activation of coronavirus fusion MUC16 (CA125): tumor biomarker to cancer therapy, a work in progress Overexpression of transglutaminase 4 and prostate cancer progression: a potential predictor of less favourable outcomes Effect of modification of carbohydrate side chains on the reactivity of antibodies with core-protein epitopes of the MUC1 gene product Development and characterization of breast cancer reactive monoclonal antibodies directed to the core protein of the human milk mucin Epitope mapping of anti-MUC1 mucin protein core monoclonal antibodies Epitopes of MUC1 tandem repeats in cancer as revealed by antibody crystallography: toward glycopeptide signatureguided therapy An overview of B-1 cells as antigenpresenting cells B cells are the dominant antigen-presenting cells that activate naive CD4+ T cells upon immunization with a virus-derived nanoparticle antigen B-1 and B-2 cell-derived immunoglobulin M antibodies are nonredundant components of the protective response to influenza virus infection Modulation of antigen processing by bound antibodies can boost or suppress class II major histocompatibility complex presentation of different T cell determinants Searching immunodominant epitopes prior to epidemic: HLA class II-restricted SARS-CoV spike protein epitopes in unexposed individuals Inherent specificities in natural antibodies: a key to immune defense against pathogen invasion Breadth of concomitant immune responses prior to patient recovery: a case report of non-severe COVID-19 The authors wish to thank Prof. Angel Galabov for critical reading of the manuscript. This implies that natural antibody epitopes might be essential components of subunit vaccines even though they may not represent typical dominant epitopes.
    keywords: cov-2; epitopes; igm; mimotopes; sars; sequences; spike
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        item: #2215 of 5187
          id: cord-295375-nakxfhxk
      author: Yu, Yang
       title: Assessment of the quality of systematic reviews on COVID‐19: A comparative study of previous coronavirus outbreaks
        date: 2020-04-28
       words: 2459
      flesch: 34
     summary: Therapeutic options for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV)-possible lessons from a systematic review of SARS-CoV therapy Clinical outcomes of current medical approaches for Middle East respiratory syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis Femoral head necrosis after severe acute respiratory syndrome: etiology and treatment MERS transmission and risk factors: a systematic review Global status of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in dromedary camels: a systematic review SARS: systematic review of treatment effects A systematic review of assessing the effect of integrated traditional Chinese medicine with western medicine for severe acute respiratory syndrome Effect of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine on SARS: a review of clinical evidence Systematic assessment on the effect of integrated Chinese traditional medicine with western medicine in the treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Steroid therapy and the risk of osteonecrosis in SARS patients: a dose-response meta-analysis Transmission of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infections among healthcare personnel in the Middle East: a systematic review Evidence-based rapid review on possibility of treatment of 2019-nCoV with subcutaneous α-interferon A systematic review on the efficacy and safety of chloroquine for the treatment of COVID-19 The possibility of using Lopinave/ Litonawe (LPV/r) as treatment for novel coronavirus (2019-nCov) pneumonia: a quick systematic review based on earlier coronavirus clinical studies Prevalence and impact of cardiovascular metabolic diseases on COVID-19 in China COVID-19 patients' clinical characteristics, discharge rate and fatality rate of meta-analysis Sanchis-Gomar F. Cardiac troponin I in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): evidence from a metaanalysis Procalcitonin in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a meta-analysis Thrombocytopenia is associated with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections: a metaanalysis Potential rapid diagnostics, vaccine and therapeutics for 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV): a systematic review Clinical, laboratory and imaging features of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a systematic review of imaging findings in 919 patients Clinical characteristics of hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a single arm metaanalysis Prevalence of comorbidities in the novel Wuhan coronavirus (COVID-19) infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis A systematic review of lopinavir therapy for SARS coronavirus and MERS coronavirus-A possible reference for coronavirus disease-19 treatment option Potential interventions for novel coronavirus in China: a systematic review Traditional Chinese medicine syndromes of the novel coronavious pneumonica: a systemic review and meta-analysis The Possibility of Ribavirinas in the Treatment of the Coronavirus Disease 2019: a Systematic Review The influence of the team in conducting a systematic review Analysis of the time and workers needed to conduct systematic reviews of medical interventions using data from the PROSPERO registry European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. key: cord-295375-nakxfhxk authors: Yu, Yang; Shi, Qianling; Zheng, Peng; Gao, Lei; Li, Haiyuan; Tao, Pengxian; Gu, Baohong; Wang, Dengfeng; Chen, Hao title: Assessment of the quality of systematic reviews on COVID‐19: A comparative study of previous coronavirus outbreaks date: 2020-04-28 journal: J Med Virol DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25901 sha: doc_id: 295375 cord_uid: nakxfhxk Several systematic reviews (SRs) have been conducted on the COVID‐19 outbreak, which together with the SRs on previous coronavirus outbreaks, form important sources of evidence for clinical decision and policy making.
    keywords: coronavirus; quality; review; sars; srs; syndrome
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        item: #2216 of 5187
          id: cord-295431-p9iy7uaf
      author: Atangana, Ernestine
       title: Facemasks simple but powerful weapons to protect against COVID-19 spread: Can they have sides effects?
        date: 2020-09-30
       words: 9780
      flesch: 49
     summary: Also, no correlation was observed between the infected cases and the death rate of individuals with COVID-19 virus. According to Xie and Zhu, [28] when reporting on the daily confirmed cases of COVID-19 virus, they conveyed that a 1% increase of individuals were infected was associated to 4.861%, as the average temperature between lag (0 -14
    keywords: air; blood; carbon; concentration; covid-19; dioxide; facemasks; health; process; respiratory; results; spread; temperature; virus; wind
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        item: #2217 of 5187
          id: cord-295433-olmein3q
      author: Banerjee, Arinjay
       title: Bats and Coronaviruses
        date: 2019-01-09
       words: 5661
      flesch: 47
     summary: Unlike the amount of information available from studies of other bat viruses such as Nipah, Hendra, Ebola, and Marburg viruses, we know very little, if anything about how coronaviruses are transmitted directly to humans or if direct human transmission does not occur and spillover via an intermediate host is required. Bats are known to harbor a wide range of viruses including many that are highly pathogenic in humans. This pulse of virus positive bats correlates with an increased incidence of human spillover events [68] .
    keywords: bats; cells; coronavirus; cov; human; mers; sars; species; studies; study; syndrome; virus; viruses
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        item: #2218 of 5187
          id: cord-295455-km0qcmlh
      author: Fehr, Anthony R.
       title: Viral Macrodomains: Unique Mediators of Viral Replication and Pathogenesis
        date: 2018-07-31
       words: 5472
      flesch: 41
     summary: The structure and catalytic mechanism of a poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase A family of macrodomain proteins reverses cellular mono-ADP-ribosylation Macrodomain-containing proteins are new mono-ADP-ribosylhydrolases Deficiency of terminal ADP-ribose protein glycohydrolase TARG1/C6orf130 in neurodegenerative disease Sequence of the genome RNA of rubella virus: evidence for genetic rearrangement during togavirus evolution Putative papain-related thiol proteases of positive-strand RNA viruses. The observation that even a 50% reduction in viral macrodomain activity greatly reduced virus fitness suggests that viruses would struggle to escape potential inhibitors [38] .
    keywords: activity; adp; binding; cov; macrodomains; proteins; replication; ribose; ribosylation; sars; virus; viruses
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        item: #2219 of 5187
          id: cord-295508-yhdj5m0e
      author: Yang, Li-Tao
       title: Long-lived effector/central memory T-cell responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) S antigen in recovered SARS patients
        date: 2006-06-16
       words: 4444
      flesch: 56
     summary: The expression of IFN-g and IL-2 was assessed when cells were gated on CD4 + or CD8 + T cells. and CD8 + T cells from 5 recovered SARS patients failed to secret IFN-g and IL-2 in the absence of SARS-CoV S peptides.
    keywords: anti; cells; cov; ifn; sars
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        item: #2220 of 5187
          id: cord-295514-vhymj0rw
      author: Lim, Peter A
       title: Impact of a viral respiratory epidemic on the practice of medicine and rehabilitation: Severe acute respiratory syndrome
        date: 2004-08-01
       words: 5282
      flesch: 41
     summary: Care was also taken when using nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation devices for respiratory rehabilitation patients. Rehabilitation patients were not allowed to move around or interact with each other.
    keywords: care; contact; health; hospital; infection; medicine; patients; rehabilitation; sars; singapore; staff; syndrome; therapy
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        item: #2221 of 5187
          id: cord-295523-5pv7kw6i
      author: Picchianti Diamanti, Andrea
       title: Cytokine Release Syndrome in COVID-19 Patients, A New Scenario for an Old Concern: The Fragile Balance between Infections and Autoimmunity
        date: 2020-05-08
       words: 7916
      flesch: 31
     summary: SARS patients with a more severe disease displayed higher serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-1, IL-6) and chemokines (including IL-8) Indeed, in CRS patients, infections principally involve the respiratory tract.
    keywords: activation; anti; arthritis; cells; cov-2; covid-19; crs; cytokine; disease; il-6; infection; patients; response; sars; syndrome; tnf; treatment
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        item: #2222 of 5187
          id: cord-295525-emrwcx0m
      author: To, Kelvin Kai-Wang
       title: Consistent Detection of 2019 Novel Coronavirus in Saliva
        date: 2020-02-12
       words: 1944
      flesch: 53
     summary: There are several advantages in using saliva specimens for the diagnosis of 2019-nCoV. First, saliva specimens can be provided by the patient easily without any invasive procedures. Therefore, the use of saliva specimens could reduce the risk of nosocomial 2019-nCoV transmission.
    keywords: 2019; coronavirus; ncov; patients; saliva; specimens
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        item: #2223 of 5187
          id: cord-295545-ruxz77i8
      author: Hennighausen, Lothar
       title: Activation of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor Ace2 by cytokines through pan JAK-STAT enhancers
        date: 2020-05-11
       words: 1666
      flesch: 41
     summary: To explore the possibility that Ace2 gene expression in SARS-CoV-2 target cells is regulated not only by interferons but also by a range of cytokines through the family of STAT transcription factors, we mined available scRNA-seq data (Ziegler, 2020) (Table 1) . We have tested this premise and explored whether Ace2 is activated in mouse mammary tissue through STAT transcription factors.
    keywords: ace2; expression; sars; stat
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        item: #2224 of 5187
          id: cord-295548-o877eog6
      author: Antonio, G.E
       title: Imaging in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)
        date: 2003-10-21
       words: 2482
      flesch: 44
     summary: The discharge criteria of SARS patients in our institution include: (1) afebrile for at least 96 h after the last dose of steroid; (2) resolving respiratory symptoms and oxygen independence; (3) radiological improvement (based on serial chest radiographs); and (4) improving laboratory parameters. Several radiology articles have been published recently, including our initial cohort of SARS patients [7 -10] .
    keywords: chest; disease; hrct; patients; sars
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        item: #2225 of 5187
          id: cord-295559-yc8q62z8
      author: Qian, Zhaohui
       title: Role of the Spike Glycoprotein of Human Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in Virus Entry and Syncytia Formation
        date: 2013-10-03
       words: 7314
      flesch: 44
     summary: We have used lentivirus pseudotypes with MERS-CoV spike glycoprotein to identify cells susceptible to infection with MERS-CoV and to study the role of MERS S protein in virus entry and syncytia formation. Thus, MERS S protein does not require acidification to mediate virus entry, and the acidification required for endosomal entry
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; cov; entry; figure; human; membrane; mers; protein; pseudovirions; receptor; spike; vero
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        item: #2226 of 5187
          id: cord-295603-mk9oartb
      author: Yu, Xiaoqi
       title: Retrospective detection of SARS-CoV-2 in hospitalized patients with influenza-like illness
        date: 2020-07-05
       words: 1993
      flesch: 43
     summary: Influenza (Flu) and other respiratory viruses, including respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), parainfluenza virus (PIV), rhinovirus (HRV), human metapneumovirus (HMPV), enterovirus (EV), adenovirus (AdV), bocavirus (HBoV), coronavirus (OC43, 229E, and HKU1), severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) were detected by real-time PCR assay (Roche, Germany). Additionally, among 6662 patients with influenza-like illness from 1 December 2017 to 31 March 2020, the overall number of patients positive for influenza and other respiratory viruses during the COVID-19 period decreased significantly when compared with that in the same period of the last two years, reflecting that public health interventions can effectively control the spread of common respiratory viruses.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; influenza; patients; sars
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        item: #2227 of 5187
          id: cord-295733-f3rt1fyk
      author: Ge, Tianxiang
       title: Evaluation of disinfection procedures in a designated hospital for COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-22
       words: 2493
      flesch: 43
     summary: WHO Director-General's opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19 -11 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan Does SARS-CoV-2 has a longer incubation period than SARS and MERS Temporal dynamics in viral shedding and transmissibility of COVID-19 Presumed Asymptomatic Carrier Transmission of COVID-19 Experimental aerosol survival of SARS-CoV-2 in artificial saliva and tissue culture media at medium and high humidity Aerosol and Surface Stability of SARS-CoV-2 as Compared with SARS-CoV-1 Aerosol transmission of infectious disease Coughs and Sneezes: Their Role in Transmission of Respiratory Viral Infections, Including SARS-CoV-2 Laboratory management for SARS-CoV-2 detection: a user-friendly combination of the heat treatment approach and rt-Real-time PCR testing Epidemiologic Features and Clinical Course of Patients Infected With SARS-CoV-2 in Singapore Detection of air and surface contamination by SARS-CoV-2 in hospital rooms of infected patients Asymptomatic COVID-19 Patients Can Contaminate Their Surroundings: an Environment Sampling Study Environmental contamination of SARS-CoV-2 in healthcare premises Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 RNA contamination of inanimate surfaces and virus viability in a health care emergency unit Avoiding hospital-related infections during the COVID-19 epidemic SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection of hospital isolation wards hygiene monitoring during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 outbreak in a Chinese hospital Analysis of the infection status of the health care workers in Wuhan during the COVID-19 outbreak: A cross-sectional study The presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the feces of COVID-19 patients Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 RNA shedding in clinical specimens and clinical characteristics of 10 patients with COVID-19 in Macau Clinical and virological data of the first cases of COVID-19 in Europe: a case series SARS-CoV-2 titers in wastewater are higher than expected from clinically confirmed cases Evaluation of lockdown impact on SARS-CoV-2 dynamics through viral genome quantification in Paris wastewaters First detection of SARS-CoV-2 in untreated wastewaters in Italy Wastewater-Based Epidemiology: Global Collaborative to Maximize Contributions in the Fight Against COVID-19 Coronaviruses in wastewater processes: Source, fate and potential risks Aerodynamic analysis of SARS-CoV-2 in two Wuhan hospitals The common symptoms of COVID-19 patients include fever, fatigue, dry cough, and the computed tomography scans showed bilateral patchy shadows or ground glass opacity in the lungs, while headache, dizziness, and gastrointestinal symptoms including abdominal pain, diarrhea, and vomiting are less common symptoms
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; disinfection; patients; samples; sars
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        item: #2228 of 5187
          id: cord-295742-d11ty5ed
      author: van Dam, Peter A.
       title: High mortality of cancer patients in times of SARS-Cov-2: do not generalize!
        date: 2020-08-10
       words: 1121
      flesch: 36
     summary: SARS-CoV-2 and cancer: are they really partners in crime ? Prescreening for COVID-19 in patients receiving cancer treatment using a patientreported outcome platform High Mortality Rate in Cancer Patients With Symptoms of COVID-19 With or Without Detectable SARS-COV-2 on RT-PCR SARS-Cov-2 infection in cancer patients undergoing active treatment: analysis of clinical features and death OpenSAFELY: factors associated with COVID-19-related hospital death in the linked electronic health records of 17 million NHS patients COVID-19 in patients with thoracic malignancies (TERAVOLT): first results of an international, registry-based, cohort study Determinants of COVID-19 disease severity in patients with cancer Funding sources: none 7 Risk factors should all be taken into account in a balanced way making decisions for active treatment and ICU admission of COVID-19 patients if resources are limited, not discriminating cancer patients per se as many of them have an excellent prognosis.
    keywords: cancer; patients; sars
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        item: #2229 of 5187
          id: cord-295765-c7o2ukm6
      author: Silvas, Jesus A.
       title: Inhibitors of VPS34 and lipid metabolism suppress SARS-CoV-2 replication
        date: 2020-07-20
       words: 2249
      flesch: 40
     summary: The use of compounds known to target specific host 51 factors may also elucidate key pathways needed for virus replication. 176 The capacity of the system to differentiate different levels of virus replication was first 177 assessed.
    keywords: cells; cov-2; orlistat; replication; sars; virus; vps34
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        item: #2230 of 5187
          id: cord-295792-hajvtzj9
      author: Álvez, Fernando
       title: SARS-CoV2 coronavirus: So far polite with children. Debatable immunological and non-immunological evidence
        date: 2020-07-03
       words: 4508
      flesch: 37
     summary: Children are especially prone to many viral infections, with a high burden of respiratory viruses in the upper respiratory tract (URT) mostly (approximately 90%) in infants and toddlers, and with a prominent participation of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and rhinoviruses (RVs) (27) . Furthermore, this enzyme also plays an important role in the immune response, especially in inflammation, and is involved in the defensive mechanisms of the lung -protecting it from severe injury induced by respiratory viruses (11, 18) .
    keywords: adults; children; cov2; disease; infection; respiratory; response; sars; virus
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        item: #2231 of 5187
          id: cord-295794-glcg36si
      author: Seghers, Victor J.
       title: After the initial COVID-19 surge: a phased radiology departmental re-opening plan
        date: 2020-08-22
       words: 4753
      flesch: 33
     summary: As radiology departments begin recovery operations, some will attempt to restore familiar routines, processes and workflows. Greater awareness of the negative impact of implicit bias within radiology departments as well as recruitment and mentorship programs to prioritize diversity and inclusion can ensure that faculty and staff better reflect the communities in which they serve.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; department; hospital; imaging; operations; patients; plan; radiology; reopening; staff; teams; testing
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        item: #2232 of 5187
          id: cord-295800-w0dup04b
      author: So, Loletta K-Y
       title: Development of a standard treatment protocol for severe acute respiratory syndrome
        date: 2003-05-10
       words: 2402
      flesch: 42
     summary: In this emerging disease that frequently has rapid deterioration, the inclusion of control patients was not possible or ethical. Staff washed hands with antiseptic rubs after every contact with patients or contaminated objects and after taking off protective garments.
    keywords: days; methylprednisolone; patients; syndrome; treatment
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        item: #2233 of 5187
          id: cord-295830-1sbnewog
      author: Kim, Sung-Jae
       title: A Novel Synonymous Mutation of SARS-CoV-2: Is This Possible to Affect Their Antigenicity and Immunogenicity?
        date: 2020-05-14
       words: 2373
      flesch: 46
     summary: Thus, the elimination of B cell epitopes will likely reduce immunogenicity by hampering the immune cell recognition of the virus [29, 30] . Thus, the elimination of B cell epitopes will likely reduce immunogenicity by hampering the immune cell recognition of the virus [29, 30] .
    keywords: amino; cell; coronavirus; sars; virus
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        item: #2234 of 5187
          id: cord-295846-quhnesbr
      author: Li, Huan
       title: Impact of corticosteroid therapy on outcomes of persons with SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, or MERS-CoV infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
        date: 2020-05-05
       words: 2791
      flesch: 42
     summary: Corticosteroid use was associated with delayed virus clearing with a mean difference (MD) = 3.78 days (95% confidence Interval [CI] = 1.16, 6.41 days; I(2) In conclusion, corticosteroid use in subjects with SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV infections delayed virus clearing and did not convincingly improve survival, reduce hospitalization duration or ICU admission rate and/or use of mechanical ventilation.
    keywords: corticosteroid; cov; mers; sars; studies; use
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        item: #2235 of 5187
          id: cord-295850-nb6miso7
      author: Zhang, Chuan-hai
       title: Immune responses in Balb/c mice induced by a candidate SARS-CoV inactivated vaccine prepared from F69 strain
        date: 2005-05-02
       words: 2937
      flesch: 49
     summary: Based on the potent antigenicity and immunogenicity, SARS-CoV S (spike, 139 kDa), N (nucleocapsid, 46 kDa) and M (membrane, 25 kDa) proteins may be selected as targets for SARS vaccine development [5] [6] . SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) is novel, mutative and highly infectious compared to other known coronaviruses.
    keywords: adjuvant; antibodies; cov; fig; sars; serum; vaccine
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        item: #2236 of 5187
          id: cord-295864-kwdvais7
      author: Flahault, Antoine
       title: Has China faced only a herald wave of SARS-CoV-2?
        date: 2020-03-27
       words: 272
      flesch: 44
     summary: The results would be tremendously informative to China, first and foremost, and to the entire international community, on the risk of big secondary epidemic waves. The attack rate of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) calculated by mathe matical models, from estimates of the basic reproduction number, R0, of 2-3, suggests that 50-60% of the population should eventually be infected because the population seems to be entirely naive to the new virus.
    keywords: population
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        item: #2237 of 5187
          id: cord-295946-p9enjxiq
      author: Hattori, Shin-ichiro
       title: GRL-0920, an Indole Chloropyridinyl Ester, Completely Blocks SARS-CoV-2 Infection
        date: 2020-08-20
       words: 7064
      flesch: 45
     summary: S2 show that robust actin filaments were observed when the VeroE6 and VeroE6 TMPRSS2 cells were cultured alone (insets a and d), while actin filaments were all gone (inset b) and most of those cells were stained in green when convIgG was used as the primary antibody in VeroE6 cells exposed to SARS-CoV-2 WK-521 and cultured in the absence of test compounds. Therefore, we quantitatively examined the infectivity and replication of SARS-CoV-2 WK-521 in two cell lines, VeroE6 cells and VeroE6 TMPRSS2 cells plus SARS-CoV-2 WK-521 .
    keywords: activity; cells; compounds; cov-2; fig; grl-0920; pro; protease; sars; tmprss2; veroe6; veroe6 cells; virus; wk-521
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        item: #2238 of 5187
          id: cord-295957-s17z2ccf
      author: Bordi, Licia
       title: Rapid and sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA using the Simplexa™ COVID-19 direct assay
        date: 2020-05-04
       words: 1928
      flesch: 38
     summary: This study was performed at two regional reference laboratories, with the following aims: I) to assess the analytical performances of the newly designed Simplexa™ COVID-19 Direct assay; II) to evaluate its clinical performance as compared to WHO protocols (7, 8) using different types of clinical specimens from patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19. All the SARS-CoV-2 samples resulted positive with the reference test (Cormans method), also resulted positive with Simplexa™ COVID-19 Direct assay, with a diagnostic sensitivity of 100% and almost perfect concordance.
    keywords: assay; cov-2; covid-19; sars; simplexa
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        item: #2239 of 5187
          id: cord-295973-41jqgsv0
      author: Singh, Awadhesh Kumar
       title: Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of COVID-19 with or without diabetes: A systematic search and a narrative review with a special reference to India and other developing countries
        date: 2020-03-26
       words: 3466
      flesch: 42
     summary: Recommendations on screening for chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine retinopathy Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China Breakthrough: chloroquine phosphate has shown apparent efficacy in treatment of COVID-19 associated pneumonia in clinical studies Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: results of an open label non-randomized clinical trial Of chloroquine and COVID-19 Multicenter collaboration group of Department of Science and Technology of Guangdong Province and Health Commission of Guangdong Province for chloroquine in the treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia Mount Sinai health system treatment guidelines for SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19 Interim clinical guidelines for patients suspected of/confirmed with COVID-19 infection Chloroquine for influenza prevention: a randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled trial A randomized controlled trial of chloroquine for the treatment of dengue in Vietnamese adults Lack of protection against ebola virus from chloroquine in mice and hamsters Chloroquine is effective against influenza A virus in vitro but not in vivo Chloroquine administration does not prevent Nipah virus infection and disease in ferrets Acceleration of viral replication and up-regulation of cytokine levels by antimalarials: implications in malaria-endemic areas Paradoxical effect of chloroquine treatment in enhancing chikungunya virus infection The enigma of the clandestine association between chloroquine and HIV-1 infection Hydroxychloroquine augments early virological response to pegylated interferon plus ribavirin in genotype-4 chronic hepatitis C patients Chloroquine US prescribing information Chloroquine US prescribing information Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine are associated with reduced cardiovascular risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis A systematic review on the efficacy and safety of chloroquine for the treatment of COVID-19 In this study, chloroquine was given in dose of 500 mg of chloroquine twice daily in mild to severe COVID-19 pneumonia (see Table 1 ).
    keywords: chloroquine; covid-19; diabetes; drugs; hcq; hydroxychloroquine; patients; sars; treatment
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        item: #2240 of 5187
          id: cord-296007-1gsgd22t
      author: Mohseni, Amir Hossein
       title: Inferring MHC interacting SARS-CoV-2 epitopes recognized by TCRs towards designing T cell-based vaccines
        date: 2020-09-12
       words: 2332
      flesch: 43
     summary: Designing of multi-hit peptides vaccine sequence 1 3 7 A set of high immunogenic hit peptides derived from N and S proteins of SARS-CoV-2 with high binding 1 3 8 events to HLA-A0201, HLA-B0801, HLA-B3501, HLA-B3508, HLA-B4405, and HLA-E were selected 1 3 9 on the basis of their solvent exposed residues and hydrophobicity scales. The binding events among hit peptides derived from N proteins related to HLA-A0201 2 1 9 Our TCR-pMHC models predicted that position 2 of the homologous peptide antigens ( Figure 1A ) related 2 2 0 to TCR-pMHC complex of SARS-CoV-2 as well as SARS-CoV and bat-CoV
    keywords: cov; figure; hla; peptide; sars
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        item: #2241 of 5187
          id: cord-296020-kje1wiah
      author: Patoulias, Dimitrios
       title: Diabetes mellitus and SARS-CoV-2-related mortality: the impact of acute hyperglycemic crises and some further considerations
        date: 2020-08-20
       words: 609
      flesch: 33
     summary: According to recent evidence, patients with DM and SARS-CoV-2-related ketosis are older, with a greater prevalence of coronary artery disease and hypertension, while they also have greater in-hospital stay, compared to non-diabetic patients that develop SARS-CoV-2-related ketosis [3] . Based on the knowledge that patients with DM feature greater odds for death due to infection compared to non-diabetic patients, it may be deduced that the complication with an acute hyperglycemic crisis will further worsen overall prognosis
    keywords: patients; sars
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        item: #2242 of 5187
          id: cord-296031-r6iqiy1n
      author: Tattan-Birch, H.
       title: COVID-19, smoking, vaping and quitting: A representative population survey in England
        date: 2020-06-30
       words: 5199
      flesch: 53
     summary: Bayes factors indicated there was sufficient evidence to rule out large differences in suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection by NRT use and medium differences by e-cigarette use. Conclusions: In a representative sample of the adult population in England, current smokers and long-term ex-smokers had higher odds of suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection than never smokers, but there were no large differences by NRT or e-cigarette use.
    keywords: cigarette; covid-19; infection; preprint; sars; smokers; smoking; use
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        item: #2243 of 5187
          id: cord-296043-jc74soom
      author: Butterfield, T. R.
       title: Assessment of Commercial SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Assays, Jamaica
        date: 2020-09-29
       words: 1652
      flesch: 50
     summary: For all assays examined, SARS-CoV-2 real-time PCR cycle threshold (Ct) values of the initial nasopharyngeal swab sample testing positive were significantly different for samples testing antibody positive versus negative. For all assays examined, SARS-CoV-2 real-36 time PCR cycle threshold (Ct) values of the initial nasopharyngeal swab sample testing positive 37 were significantly different for samples testing antibody positive versus negative.
    keywords: cov-2; preprint; sars
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        item: #2244 of 5187
          id: cord-296054-s8pibdeg
      author: Hanson, K. E.
       title: Self-Collected Anterior Nasal and Saliva Specimens versus Health Care Worker-Collected Nasopharyngeal Swabs for the Molecular Detection of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-10-21
       words: 2454
      flesch: 45
     summary: Interim guidelines for collecting, handling, and testing clinical specimens for COVID-19 Consistent detection of 2019 novel coronavirus in saliva Temporal profiles of viral load in posterior oropharyngeal saliva samples and serum antibody responses during infection by SARS-CoV-2: an observational cohort study Clinical significance of a high SARS-CoV-2 viral load in the saliva Assessment of sensitivity and specificity of patient-collected lower nasal specimens for sudden acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 testing Self-collected oral fluid and nasal swabs demonstrate comparable sensitivity to clinician collected nasopharyngeal swabs for Covid-19 detection Saliva as a non-invasive sample for the detection of SARS-CoV-2: a systematic review Evaluating the use of posterior oropharyngeal saliva in a point-of-care assay for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 Saliva is more sensitive for SARS-CoV-2 detection in COVID-19 patients than nasopharyngeal swabs Infectious Diseases Society of America guidelines on the diagnosis of COVID-19 Equivalence of self-and staff-collected nasal swabs for the detection of viral respiratory pathogens Saliva as a noninvasive specimen for detection of SARS-CoV-2 This study was supported by the ARUP Institute for Clinical and Experimental Pathology. We prospectively compared health care worker-collected nasopharyngeal swabs (NPS) to self-collected anterior nasal swabs (ANS) and straight saliva for the diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in 354 patients.
    keywords: ans; cov-2; nps; saliva; sars; specimen; testing
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        item: #2245 of 5187
          id: cord-296095-onereai5
      author: Vardhan, Seshu
       title: In silico ADMET and molecular docking study on searching potential inhibitors from limonoids and triterpenoids for COVID-19
        date: 2020-07-28
       words: 5518
      flesch: 41
     summary: It is important to mention here that the phytochemicals maslinic acid, epoxyazadiradione and ursolic acid interact with ACE2 substrate binding site with the dock score of À 8.5, À 8.0 and À 7.4 kcal/mol, respectively. The dock score of screened phytochemicals binding at the active site of the PLpro and their important interactions with various amino acid residues.
    keywords: ace2; acid; binding; catalytic; cov-2; ffi ffi; fig; glycyrrhizic; phytochemicals; protein; residues; sars; site
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        item: #2246 of 5187
          id: cord-296109-kco85lqn
      author: Vanuytsel, Kim
       title: Rapid Implementation of a SARS-CoV-2 Diagnostic qRT-PCR Test with Emergency Use Authorization at a Large Academic Safety-Net Hospital
        date: 2020-05-19
       words: 2506
      flesch: 35
     summary: Subsequently, we implemented a quantitative, real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR)-based assay to detect viral SARS-CoV-2 RNA from nasopharyngeal swabs, based on guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the FDA for use with in-house testing of BMC patient samples ( Figure 1 ) (CDC, 2020; Wang et al., 2020a). Given that our hospital takes care of a large portion of Boston's homeless and housing unstable patients, rapid testing is vital in order to mitigate community spread in an already vulnerable population living in low resource settings in which social distancing is not possible.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; health; laboratory; patient; pcr; sars; testing
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        item: #2247 of 5187
          id: cord-296128-kjoi54ea
      author: Balestri, Riccardo
       title: Do we have serological evidences that chilblain‐like lesions are related to SARS‐CoV‐2? A review of the literature
        date: 2020-08-26
       words: 1632
      flesch: 44
     summary: In the meanwhile, it seems that patients affected by CLL are not prone to shedding the virus; consequently, in the case of otherwise asymptomatic patients, we canreassure them, without referring them to hospital to perform any sort of COVID-19 test, or quarantining them. In conclusion, while recent findings seem to suggest that SARS-CoV-2 could have a pathogenetic role in the development of CLL, also serological screening failed to prove that acral skin lesions are a specific marker of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
    keywords: cll; cov-2; covid-19; sars
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        item: #2248 of 5187
          id: cord-296147-yfcp0xf2
      author: Mairesse, Antoine
       title: High clinical performance and quantitative assessment of antibody kinetics using a dual recognition assay for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG antibodies
        date: 2020-08-25
       words: 3223
      flesch: 46
     summary: Table 2 : Clinical performances of iFlash ® CLIA analyzer for anti-SARS CoV-2 IgM and IgG since symptom onset with the manufacturer's cut-off and with optimized cut-offs. key: cord-296147-yfcp0xf2 authors: Mairesse, Antoine; Favresse, Julien; Eucher, Christine; Elsen, Marc; Tré-Hardy, Marie; Haventith, Caroline; Gruson, Damien; Dogné, Jean-Michel; Douxfils, Jonathan; Göbbels, Paul title: High clinical performance and quantitative assessment of antibody kinetics using a dual recognition assay for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG antibodies date: 2020-08-25 journal: Clin Biochem DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2020.08.009 sha: doc_id: 296147 cord_uid: yfcp0xf2 Abstract Objectives Several serological SARS-CoV-2 immunoassays have been developed recently but require external validation before widespread use.
    keywords: days; igg; igm; onset; sars
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        item: #2249 of 5187
          id: cord-296148-za3j19k5
      author: Rosenzweig, Ivana
       title: Does damage to hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus underlie symptoms of ultradian rhythm disorder and an increased anxiety in coronavirus disease 2019?
        date: 2020-08-17
       words: 1711
      flesch: 24
     summary: key: cord-296148-za3j19k5 authors: Rosenzweig, Ivana; Mitrečić, Dinko; Petanjek, Zdravko; Duffy, Bobby; Young, Allan H.; Nesbitt, Alexander D.; Morrell, Mary J. title: Does damage to hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus underlie symptoms of ultradian rhythm disorder and an increased anxiety in coronavirus disease 2019? date: 2020-08-17 journal: Croat Med J DOI: 10.3325/cmj.2020.61.377 sha: doc_id: 296148 cord_uid: za3j19k5 nan Long-term physical and psychological effects of the coronavirus disease-2019 ) are yet to be fully understood, and some of them could be due to direct central nervous system involvement. Moreover, mood and cognitive fluctuations in several major neurologic (eg, Alzheimer disease) and psychiatric disorders (eg, depression), cluster headaches, rapid-eyemovement (REM)-non-REM sleep cycles, hypothalamic-pituitary-axis hormone release, nasal cycles, locomotion, and body temperature have all been suggested to follow ultradian cycles with similar periodicities (4).
    keywords: anxiety; cov-2; nucleus; pvn; sars; ultradian
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        item: #2250 of 5187
          id: cord-296187-nnv2e7gr
      author: Mulgaonkar, Nirmitee
       title: Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib as a potential drug for COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-18
       words: 4966
      flesch: 50
     summary: key: cord-296187-nnv2e7gr authors: Mulgaonkar, Nirmitee; Wang, Haoqi; Mallawarachchi, Samavath; Fernando, Sandun; Martina, Byron; Ruzek, Daniel title: Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib as a potential drug for COVID-19 date: 2020-08-18 journal: bioRxiv DOI: 10.1101/2020.06.18.158196 sha: doc_id: 296187 cord_uid: nnv2e7gr The rapid geographic expansion of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the infectious agent of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, poses an immediate need for potent drugs. VSV-G particles cells do not carry spike proteins and thus, no significant entry inhibition occurred, suggesting that entry inhibition is likely mediated through the spike protein.
    keywords: ace2; binding; cells; cov-2; fusion; imatinib; kinase; protein; rbd; receptor; sars; spike; vsv
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        item: #2251 of 5187
          id: cord-296195-m2wwlvgx
      author: Chen, Chung-Jen
       title: Toona sinensis Roem tender leaf extract inhibits SARS coronavirus replication
        date: 2008-10-30
       words: 2556
      flesch: 58
     summary: Thererfore, the tender leaf of Toona sinensis Roem may be an important resource agninst SARS-CoV. Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a life-threatening disease caused by the SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) To our knowledge, this is the first report to show extract from the tender leaf of Toona sinensis Roem against SARS-CoV. It is promising to find a new natural resource against SARS-CoV.
    keywords: cov; roem; sars; sinensis; tcm; toona
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        item: #2252 of 5187
          id: cord-296214-xeezt6f7
      author: Sabatino, Jolanda
       title: Women's perspective on the COVID-19 pandemic: Walking into a post-peak phase
        date: 2020-08-13
       words: 2706
      flesch: 40
     summary: Takotsubo syndrome in COVID-19 patients might well be related to stress-induced adrenergic burst secondary to fever and the inflammatory response to infection. As pulmonary fibrosis rates range 30-45% in COVID-19 patients, this might pose a major care burden
    keywords: children; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; pandemic; patients; women
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        item: #2253 of 5187
          id: cord-296219-zzg9hds0
      author: Battaglini, Denise
       title: Neurological Manifestations of Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Potential Mechanisms and Implications of Individualized Mechanical Ventilation Settings
        date: 2020-08-12
       words: 7500
      flesch: 24
     summary: Furthermore, mechanical ventilation, commonly used in the management of COVID-19 patients, can itself induce an inflammatory response, causing distal organ failure. Despite the paucity of evidence, there are three key hypotheses for the neurological manifestations of COVID-19 patients (Figure 1) : (1) viral neurotropism; (2) a hyperinflammatory and hypercoagulable state; and (3) brainlung crosstalk.
    keywords: acute; brain; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; levels; lung; oxygen; patients; pressure; sars; study; syndrome
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        item: #2254 of 5187
          id: cord-296227-dm1wkpnv
      author: Liao, L.
       title: Can N95 respirators be reused after disinfection? And for how many times?
        date: 2020-04-07
       words: 5352
      flesch: 51
     summary: We found that heating (<100 {degrees}C) under various humidities (up to 100% RH at 75 {degrees}C) and ultraviolet (UV) irradiation were the most promising candidates for mask reuse in the modern hospital infrastructure (up to 20 cycles), when tested on a fabric with particle filtration efficiency Treatments involving certain liquids and vapors may require caution, as steam, alcohol, and bleach all led to degradation in filtration efficiency, leaving the user vulnerable to viral aerosols.
    keywords: efficiency; ffrs; filtration; license; medrxiv; meltblown; n95; preprint; sars
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        item: #2255 of 5187
          id: cord-296232-6zj99nuw
      author: Talukdar, Jayanta
       title: Potential of natural astaxanthin in alleviating the risk of cytokine storm in COVID-19
        date: 2020-10-16
       words: 7641
      flesch: 38
     summary: Translocation of NF-ĸB/p65 and the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were reported to decrease markedly following ASX treatment Moreover, ASX treatment was also found to reduce serum levels of LDH, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, and also attenuated multi organ damage in CLP-induced septic rats [44] .
    keywords: activation; anti; astaxanthin; asx; covid-19; effects; expression; immune; inflammation; injury; oxidative; pathway; ppar; response; signaling; treatment
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        item: #2256 of 5187
          id: cord-296237-i9cti2ok
      author: Díez, José-María
       title: Cross-neutralization activity against SARS-CoV-2 is present in currently available intravenous immunoglobulins
        date: 2020-06-19
       words: 3746
      flesch: 41
     summary: The life cycle of SARS coronavirus in Vero E6 cells Crossneutralization of SARS-CoV-2 by a human monoclonal SARS-CoV antibody Targets of T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus in humans with COVID-19 disease and unexposed individuals Lack of crossneutralization by SARS patient sera towards SARS-CoV-2 Protective antiviral antibodies that lack neutralizing activity: precedents and evolution of concepts COVID-19: consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression High-dose intravenous immunoglobulin as a therapeutic option for deteriorating patients with Coronavirus Disease Effect of regular intravenous immunoglobulin therapy on prognosis of severe pneumonia in patients with COVID-19 The Efficacy of Intravenous Immunoglobulin Therapy for Severe 2019-nCoV Infected Pneumonia Jordi Bozzo PhD, CMPP and Michael K. James PhD (Grifols) are acknowledged for medical writing and editorial support in the preparation of this manuscript. An Outbreak of Human Coronavirus OC43 Infection and Serological Cross-reactivity with SARS Coronavirus Cross-reactive antibodies in convalescent SARS patients' sera against the emerging novel human coronavirus EMC (2012) by both immunofluorescent and neutralizing antibody tests Antigenic crossreactivity between severe acute respiratory syndromeassociated coronavirus and human coronaviruses 229E and OC43 Currently available intravenous immunoglobulin contains antibodies reacting against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 antigens Construction of a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infectious cDNA clone and a replicon to study coronavirus RNA synthesis Search for SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors in currently approved drugs to tackle COVID-19 pandemia Engineering a replication-competent, propagation-defective Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus as a vaccine candidate Genomic characterization of a newly discovered coronavirus associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome in humans Comparative host gene transcription by microarray analysis early after infection of the Huh7 cell line by SARS coronavirus and human coronavirus 229E
    keywords: antibodies; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; cross; human; ivig; mers; neutralization; sars
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        item: #2257 of 5187
          id: cord-296250-7ln7p715
      author: Wang, Sheng-Fan
       title: The pharmacological development of direct acting agents for emerging needed therapy against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2
        date: 2020-05-20
       words: 4978
      flesch: 35
     summary: In vitro susceptibility of 10 clinical isolates of SARS coronavirus to selected antiviral compounds Interferon priming enables cells to partially overturn the SARS coronavirus-induced block in innate immune activation Pegylated interferon-alpha protects type 1 pneumocytes against SARS coronavirus infection in macaques Proposal for vaccination against SARS coronavirus using avian infectious bronchitis virus strain H from The Netherlands Interferon alfacon-1 plus corticosteroids in severe acute respiratory syndrome: a preliminary study Current treatment options and the role of peptides as potential therapeutic components for Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS): a review Managing SARS amidst uncertainty Inhibition of SARS coronavirus infection in vitro with clinically approved antiviral drugs Clinical features and short-term outcomes of 144 patients with SARS in the greater Toronto area Critics slam treatment for SARS as ineffective and perhaps dangerous Washington State 2019-nCoV Case Investigation Team. 18 Earlier evidence demonstrated that the combination of ribavirin and IFN-β had a synergistic effect for inhibiting the replication of SARS coronavirus in animal and human cell lines.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; development; entry; novel; protein; receptor; replication; rna; sars; treatment; vitro
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        item: #2258 of 5187
          id: cord-296259-4kdblf4z
      author: Oudit, Gavin Y
       title: Plasma angiotensin-converting enzyme 2: novel biomarker in heart failure with implications for COVID-19
        date: 2020-05-14
       words: 1814
      flesch: 30
     summary: This differential impact of these RAS inhibitors on plasma ACE2 levels may reflect the differential control of ACE2 levels driven by the suppression of Ang II-mediated activation of ADAM-17 and reduction in ACE2 shedding by ARB/ACE inhibitors, in contrast to MRA acting at the transcriptional level leading to an increase in Ace2 mRNA levels (and tissue ACE2 levels) and a secondary increase in plasma ACE2 levels. Higher plasma ACE2 levels were associated with male sex, history of atrial fibrillation, and coronary artery bypass graft, higher NYHA class, and heart rate; reduced ACE2 levels were associated with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary diease, and higher left ventricular ejection fraction and systolic blood pressure (Sama et al. 9 ).
    keywords: ace2; angiotensin; covid-19; heart; plasma
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        item: #2259 of 5187
          id: cord-296268-kb7fgfaq
      author: Mendonça, Luiza
       title: SARS-CoV-2 Assembly and Egress Pathway Revealed by Correlative Multi-modal Multi-scale Cryo-imaging
        date: 2020-11-05
       words: 2650
      flesch: 38
     summary: CryoFIB/SEM images clearly reveal virus exiting tunnels in 3D at the cell 269 periphery connecting to cell membrane ( Figure 5A -B, Movie 2). This likely resulted from the 270 fusion of very large multi-virus containing vesicles with cell membrane, i.e. egress through exocytosis.
    keywords: assembly; cell; cov-2; cryo; replication; sars; series; tilt
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        item: #2260 of 5187
          id: cord-296271-85io9yvy
      author: Chong, Woon H.
       title: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Associated With Rhabdomyolysis and Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
        date: 2020-07-28
       words: 789
      flesch: 48
     summary: A case series of SARS-CoV-related rhabdomyolysis showed the development of AKI with peak CK levels ranging from 7,500 to 340,000 IU/L. 3 Jin and colleagues were the first to describe a 60-year-old man who was admitted with RT-PCR confirmed SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia and developed rhabdomyolysis on day 9 th of hospital admission. Clinicians should be aware that although aggressive fluid administration has been frequently applied to prevent AKI in rhabdomyolysis, SARS-CoV-2 patients are at risk of developing worsening ARHF from fluid overload, especially in the setting of AKI with oliguria.
    keywords: cov-2; rhabdomyolysis; sars
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        item: #2261 of 5187
          id: cord-296306-xcomjvaa
      author: Rivett, Lucy
       title: Screening of healthcare workers for SARS-CoV-2 highlights the role of asymptomatic carriage in COVID-19 transmission
        date: 2020-05-11
       words: 6506
      flesch: 42
     summary: Ward Q is a general medical ward designated as a 'red' clinical area for the care of COVID-19 positive patients, with a Scenario 1 PPE protocol (Tables 4-5). In addition, given SARS CoV-2 was only introduced into the human population in late 2019, there is at present a lack of diversity in circulating strains.
    keywords: asymptomatic; cov-2; covid-19; data; hcw; hcws; sars; screening; self; staff; symptoms; testing; ward
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        item: #2262 of 5187
          id: cord-296319-fwn97wds
      author: Juno, J. A.
       title: Immunogenic profile of SARS-CoV-2 spike in individuals recovered from COVID-19
        date: 2020-05-21
       words: 5339
      flesch: 51
     summary: The very low frequencies of spike -RBD + B cells likely 154 constitute a mix of background staining and B cells that recognise RBD epitopes 155 occluded in recombinant S or intact virus. + B cells cells were identified using gating strategy shown in Figure S5 .
    keywords: cells; cov-2; figure; medrxiv; perpetuity; preprint; rbd; sars; specific; spike
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        item: #2263 of 5187
          id: cord-296331-i4hyzqcv
      author: Adapa, Sreedhar
       title: COVID-19 Pandemic Causing Acute Kidney Injury and Impact on Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease and Renal Transplantation
        date: 2020-06-04
       words: 5101
      flesch: 47
     summary: medRxiv Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study Clinical features and short-term outcomes of 221 patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19 in Washington State A Trial of Lopinavir-Ritonavir in Adults Hospitalized with Severe Covid-19 Clinical features and treatment of COVID-19 patients in northeast Chongqing Clinical Features of Patients Infected with the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19 Coronavirus epidemic: preparing for extracorporeal organ support in intensive care Blood Purification Therapy and Engineering Technology Branch of the Chinese Medical Advocacy Council, and the Blood Purification Therapeutic Committee of the Army. medRxiv Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation Kidney impairment is associated with in-hospital death of COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: aki; coronavirus; covid-19; creatinine; disease; infection; kidney; mortality; ncov; patients; sars; studies; transplant
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        item: #2264 of 5187
          id: cord-296339-23yi8so0
      author: Mok, Wendy
       title: Non-Molecular-Clock-Like Evolution following Viral Origins in Homo sapiens
        date: 2007-09-26
       words: 1396
      flesch: 32
     summary: 51 SARS-CoV sequences (1000 replicates); performed a linear regression involving divergence times and genetic distances from a hypothetical ancestor; and extrapolated backward to 0 divergence to obtain estimated origin times t. But, if infections were manifested secondarily, as a consequence from viral sequence substitutions that allowed sustained transmission among humans-as recent reports suggest for Avian Infl uenza Virus-a pandemic could ensue, with casualty numbers greatly exceeding those for infl uenza pandemics from the past century (Nicholls, 2006; Thomas and Noppenberger, 2007) .
    keywords: cov; sars; sequences
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        item: #2265 of 5187
          id: cord-296356-qkvafy69
      author: Garman, Elspeth
       title: SARS Proteomics Reveals Viral Secrets
        date: 2005-11-30
       words: 1307
      flesch: 44
     summary: This protease represented a prime target for design of anti-SARS drugs (Yang et al., 2003) and was followed by the structures of other SARS proteins, including parts of the SARS CoV replicase polyprotein: nsP7 (Peti et al., 2005) by NMR and nsP9 (Egloff et al., 2004) However, there are still substantial challenges ahead, not least because structural characterization of viral proteins presents a number of severe obstacles.
    keywords: domain; sars; structure
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        item: #2266 of 5187
          id: cord-296362-9vi8xwu7
      author: Wang, Jian-Min
       title: Construction of a non-infectious SARS coronavirus replicon for application in drug screening and analysis of viral protein function
        date: 2008-09-12
       words: 3496
      flesch: 50
     summary: Though SARS epidemic was finally controlled by patient isolation and the ban of wild animal trading, the significant morbidity and mortality, especially the potential threat from SARS reemergence, reminds us the continuous risk facing the public health system [1] . The severe acute respiratory syndrome Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-like virus in Chinese horseshoe bats Bats are natural reservoirs of SARS-like coronaviruses Full-length genome sequences of two SARS-like coronaviruses in horseshoe bats and genetic variation analysis Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus phylogeny: toward consensus Unique and conserved features of genome and proteome of SARS-coronavirus, an early split-off from the coronavirus group 2 lineage Identification and characterization of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus replicase proteins Role of nucleotides immediately flanking the transcription-regulating sequence core in coronavirus subgenomic mRNA synthesis Sequence motifs involved in the regulation of discontinuous coronavirus subgenomic RNA synthesis Coronavirus nonstructural protein 16 is a cap-0 binding enzyme possessing (nucleoside-2 0 O)-methyltransferase activity The severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus replicative protein nsp9 is a single-stranded RNAbinding subunit unique in the RNA virus world A second, non-canonical RNA-dependent RNA polymerase in SARS coronavirus Discovery of an RNA virus 3 0 ->5 0 exoribonuclease that is critically involved in coronavirus RNA synthesis Analysis of intraviral protein-protein interactions of the SARS coronavirus ORFeome The SARS-Coronavirus PLnc domain of nsp3 as a replication/transcription scaffolding protein Efficient assembly and release of SARS coronavirus-like particles by a heterologous expression system Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus group-specific open reading frames encode nonessential functions for replication in cell cultures and mice Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus ORF6 antagonizes STAT1 function by sequestering nuclear import factors on the rough endoplasmic reticulum/Golgi membrane Augmentation of chemokine production by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 3a/X1 and 7a/X4 proteins through NF-kappaB activation Severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus 3a protein forms an ion channel and modulates virus release Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Orf3a protein interacts with caveolin Reverse genetics with a full-length infectious cDNA of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Construction of a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infectious cDNA clone and a replicon to study coronavirus RNA synthesis A severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus that lacks the E gene is attenuated in vitro and in vivo Derivation of a novel SARS-coronavirus replicon cell line and its application for anti-SARS drug screening The nsp2 replicase proteins of murine hepatitis virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus are dispensable for viral replication Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus nsp1 suppresses host gene expression, including that of type I interferon, in infected cells Development of a standard treatment protocol for severe acute respiratory syndrome Inhibition of SARS coronavirus infection in vitro with clinically approved antiviral drugs Small molecules targeting severe acute respiratory syndrome human coronavirus This work was jointly funded by the State Key Program for Basic Research Grant (2005CB523004) from the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, the Knowledge Innovation Program Key Project administered by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KSCX1-YW-R-07).
    keywords: coronavirus; cov; egfp; gene; pbac; proteins; replication; replicon; sars; syndrome
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        item: #2267 of 5187
          id: cord-296375-gf0mgz5x
      author: Zhang, Xi
       title: Comparison of spatiotemporal characteristics of the COVID-19 and SARS outbreaks in mainland China
        date: 2020-10-30
       words: 3282
      flesch: 48
     summary: We found that COVID-19 cases were clustered mainly in Hubei, and other secondary clusters disappeared, except in Shandong. Therefore, in this study, by collecting the daily numbers of newly confirmed COVID-19 and SARS cases during the two epidemics, we aimed to determine the spatial behavior and temporal features of the COVID-19 spread in mainland China and compared them with respective features from the SARS epidemic using spatiotemporal analysis.
    keywords: cases; china; clusters; covid-19; hubei; low; sars
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        item: #2268 of 5187
          id: cord-296378-ki93iltt
      author: Smith, Joan C.
       title: Cigarette smoke exposure and inflammatory signaling increase the expression of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 in the respiratory tract
        date: 2020-05-16
       words: 10061
      flesch: 45
     summary: Consistent with our initial observations, we found that ACE2+ cells were found almost exclusively in the EPCAM+ epithelial compartment ( Figure 3E -F). As some FOXJ1+ ciliated cells co-express ACE2, this smoking-dependent suppression of ciliogenesis may partially blunt the increase in ACE2+ cells caused by smoke-induced goblet cell hyperplasia.
    keywords: ace2; ace2 expression; airway; analysis; cells; cigarette; coronavirus; covid-19; data; epithelial; et al; expression; figure; gene; human; levels; lung; patients; sars; smokers; smoking
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        item: #2269 of 5187
          id: cord-296388-ayfdsn07
      author: Maziarz, Mariusz
       title: Agent‐based modelling for SARS‐CoV‐2 epidemic prediction and intervention assessment: A methodological appraisal
        date: 2020-08-21
       words: 4567
      flesch: 33
     summary: Exploratory modeling for policy analysis Sensitivity analysis of infectious disease models: methods, advances and their application Robustness analysis Thinking about mechanisms How models are used to represent reality An agent-based conception of models and scientific representation Modeling mechanisms The Philosophy of Causality in Economics: Causal Inferences and Policy Proposals Impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) to reduce COVID-19 mortality and healthcare demand Australia restricts travelers from mainland China as virus impact spreads Australia blocks arrival of all non-citizens, non-residents in expanded coronavirus travel ban Update on coronavirus measures PM Announces Pubs, Clubs and Cinemas to Close, Schools Stay Open in Stage One Measures-as it Happened. Unfortunately, such models have been left out from methodological discussions and are not explicitly listed by evidence hierarchies.
    keywords: abms; acemod; agent; assumptions; epidemic; evidence; mechanism; model; modelling; sars
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        item: #2270 of 5187
          id: cord-296390-jv86w4j9
      author: Shao, Chen
       title: Evolution of SARS-Co-2 RNA test results in a fatal Covid-19 patient: a case report
        date: 2020-05-11
       words: 1442
      flesch: 49
     summary: It has been reported that severe Covid-19 patients were often superimposed on bacterial or fungal infection [6] . Lung tissues without pulmonary infection were used as negative control.
    keywords: february; lung; patient; sars
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        item: #2271 of 5187
          id: cord-296392-2u9mz6d3
      author: Sarıgül, Figen
       title: Investigation of compatibility of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 reverse transcriptase-PCR kits containing different gene targets during coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic
        date: 2020-08-26
       words: 3900
      flesch: 47
     summary: We have observed high correlation between different PCR kits, however, using different PCR kits during the pandemic may provide a more accurate diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2, since despite correlation there are a number of patients showing contradicting diagnosis. Our results suggest, in the light of clinic symptoms of COVID-19 using different PCR kits that target different genes concurrently during the pandemic may provide a more accurate diagnosis.
    keywords: correlation; diagnosis; diagnovital; gene; kits; pcr; rdrp
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        item: #2272 of 5187
          id: cord-296426-upwsdgso
      author: Virmani, Sarthak
       title: Identifying a Kidney Transplant Recipient COVID Phenotype to Aid Test Utilization in the Setting of Limited Testing Availability - Does One Exist?
        date: 2020-06-20
       words: 4404
      flesch: 44
     summary: Intriguingly, patients with a history of polyoma BK viremia (BKV) had a higher incidence of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 compared to patients without history of BKV (80% and 28%, respectively; p= 0.002). Intriguingly, patients with a history of polyoma BK viremia (BKV) had a higher incidence of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 compared to patients without history of BKV (80% and 28%, respectively; p= 0.002).
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; infection; ktrs; patients; sars; testing
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        item: #2273 of 5187
          id: cord-296440-18vpg419
      author: Beurnier, Antoine
       title: Characteristics and outcomes of asthmatic patients with COVID-19 pneumonia who require hospitalisation
        date: 2020-07-30
       words: 3554
      flesch: 44
     summary: Indeed, sputum analysis showed that ACE2 expression levels are significantly lower in asthma patients taking ICS than in those not taking ICS, especially when high doses are administrated [19] . However, more concern has been recently raised about thrombosis and pulmonary embolism in COVID-19 patients [28] , underscoring that this complication may be more prevalent in this patient population.
    keywords: asthma; asthmatics; cases; covid-19; non; patients; pneumonia; sars
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        item: #2274 of 5187
          id: cord-296483-x95lwwnm
      author: Kranke, Peter
       title: Geburtshilfliche Anästhesie während der SARS-CoV-2-Pandemie: Übersicht der Handlungsempfehlungen
        date: 2020-04-09
       words: 2006
      flesch: 37
     summary: von COVID-19 beeinflusst werden, es sei denn, der Atemzustand der Frau erfordert eine dringende Entbindung. Einschränkend sollte berücksichtigt werden, dass es sich bislang nur um einen einzigen Fallbericht handelt und es im Rahmen der systemischen Inflammation möglicherweise zu einem erhöhten Transfer von Antikörpern kommen könnte.
    keywords: auf; bei; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; dass; der; die; eine; für; infection; patients; sars; und; von; werden
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        item: #2275 of 5187
          id: cord-296492-knofua00
      author: Qiu, L.
       title: Clinical characteristics and epidemiology survey of lung transplantation recipients accepting surgeries during the COVID-19 pandemic:from area near Hubei Province
        date: 2020-07-07
       words: 2892
      flesch: 48
     summary: A web-based epidemiology questionnaire was used to collect the information of LTx recipients after discharge. In this work, we collected characteristics of these LTx recipients and designed an epidemiology questionnaire to obtain the information of SARS-CoV-2 infection condition and after-discharge preventive measures of LTx recipients who underwent surgeries in the hospital accepting COVID-19 patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.
    keywords: license; ltx; medrxiv; perpetuity; preprint; recipients
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        item: #2276 of 5187
          id: cord-296494-6kn4mr04
      author: Saban-Ruiz, J.
       title: COVID-19: A Personalized Cardiometabolic Approach for Reducing Complications and Costs. The Role of Aging Beyond Topics
        date: 2020-05-12
       words: 6450
      flesch: 39
     summary: Even more interesting, taking into account that at least 50% of COVID-19 patients have hyperglycaemia on admission or in the first days of hospitalization (25) , the transmembrane domain has a potential N-glycation site (26) that in COVID-19 would deserve further research. COVID-19 patients who develop myocardial injury, usually DM and/or elderly patients, have a more acute presentation, with higher incidence of ADSR and more frequent need for assisted ventilation than those without myocardial injury (64) .
    keywords: ace2; acute; aging; cardiometabolic; cardiovascular; coronavirus; covid-19; diabetes; disease; failure; heart; patients; risk; sars
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        item: #2277 of 5187
          id: cord-296517-414grqif
      author: Wong, Gary
       title: MERS, SARS, and Ebola: The Role of Super-Spreaders in Infectious Disease
        date: 2015-10-14
       words: 2882
      flesch: 44
     summary: A number of recent virus outbreaks have resulted in rapid virus spread, placing demands on the affected health infrastructures and sparking global concern. Emergence of Zaire Ebola virus disease in Guinea Progress in global surveillance and response capacity 10 years after severe acute respiratory syndrome Preliminary epidemiological assessment of MERS-CoV outbreak in South Korea Infection with MERS-CoV causes lethal pneumonia in the common marmoset Genomic surveillance elucidates Ebola virus origin and transmission during the 2014 outbreak Outbreak of tuberculosis among regular patrons of a neighborhood bar Cynomolgus macaque as an animal model for severe acute respiratory syndrome Replication of SARS coronavirus administered into the respiratory tract of African Green, rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys Explosive school-based measles outbreak: intense exposure may have resulted in high risk, even among revaccinees MERS-COV (97): South Korea, Saudi Arabia.
    keywords: cases; cov; ebov; mers; outbreak; super; virus
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        item: #2278 of 5187
          id: cord-296551-efqt3tw2
      author: Fukushi, Shuetsu
       title: Pseudotyped Vesicular Stomatitis Virus for Analysis of Virus Entry Mediated by SARS Coronavirus Spike Proteins
        date: 2007-11-28
       words: 1676
      flesch: 45
     summary: This system (VSV⌬G*/GFP system) may be useful for research on envelope glycoprotein owing to its ability to grow high titers in a variety of cell lines. The infection of VSV pseudotype bearing SARS-CoV S protein (VSV-SARS-St19/GFP) was easily detected in target cells as an expression of the GFP protein.
    keywords: cov; protein; sars; vsv
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        item: #2279 of 5187
          id: cord-296556-fr8x8j3i
      author: Chaccour, Carlos
       title: Ivermectin and COVID-19: Keeping Rigor in Times of Urgency
        date: 2020-04-16
       words: 1409
      flesch: 36
     summary: We believe the recent findings regarding ivermectin warrant rapidly implemented controlled clinical trials to assess its efficacy against SARS-CoV-2. Ivermectin and Abamectin Treating COVID-19-off-label drug use, compassionate use, and randomized clinical trials during pandemics
    keywords: drug; efficacy; ivermectin; sars; trials
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        item: #2280 of 5187
          id: cord-296579-oa67njov
      author: d’Ettorre, Gabriella
       title: Analysis of type I IFN response and T cell activation in severe COVID-19/HIV-1 coinfection: A case report
        date: 2020-09-04
       words: 2788
      flesch: 41
     summary: World Health Organization Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Situation Report Impact of HIV on the severity of influenza One case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a patient co-infected by HIV with a low CD4+ T-cell count Co-infection of SARS-CoV-2 and HIV in a patient in Wuhan city COVID-19 in patients with HIV: clinical case series COVID-19 in people living with human immunodeficiency virus: a case series of 33 patients African American COVID-19 mortality: a sentinel event HIV-associated chronic immune activation Type I interferon and HIV: Subtle balance between antiviral activity, immunopathogenesis and the microbiome Heightened innate immune responses in the respiratory tract of COVID-19 patients Immune cell profiling of COVID-19 patients in the recovery stage by single-cell sequencing Increased expression of IL-32 correlates with IFN-(, Th1 and Tc1 in virologically suppressed HIV-1-infected patients Increased SAMHD1 transcript expression correlates with interferon-related genes in HIV-1-infected patients Sex-related differences in markers of immune activation in virologically suppressed HIV-infected patients Clinical features and outcomes of HIV patients with coronavirus disease 2019 Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China Breadth of concomitant immune responses prior to patient recovery: a case report of non-severe COVID-19 Vademecum per la cura delle persone con malattia da COVID-19 Edizione 2.0 A trial of lopinavir-ritonavir in adults hospitalized with severe Covid-19 Broad-spectrum antivirals for the emerging Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Role of lopinavir/ritonavir in the treatment of SARS: initial virological and clinical findings Triple combination of interferon beta-1b, lopinavir-ritonavir, and ribavirin in the treatment of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19: an open-label, randomised, phase 2 trial The COVID-19 pandemic: a call to action to identify and address racial and ethnic disparities Are clinicians contributing to excess African American COVID-19 deaths? [26] It has also showed that low IFN-I-III levels are produced during SARS-CoV-2 infection despite a consistent chemokine signature in cell lines, primary cell cultures, ferrets and COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: activation; cell; cov-2; covid-19; hiv-1; patients; sars
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        item: #2281 of 5187
          id: cord-296588-q2716lda
      author: Hanson, Kimberly E
       title: Infectious Diseases Society of America Guidelines on the Diagnosis of COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-16
       words: 10186
      flesch: 40
     summary: In addition, the limited data showing poor outcomes in COVID-19 positive patients undergoing a major surgical procedure requiring intubation informed decisions to reduce this risk for asymptomatic patients We also did not identify test accuracy studies directly assessing the performance of SARS-CoV-2 NAATs in asymptomatic individuals.
    keywords: asymptomatic; c r; cov-2; covid-19; evidence; individuals; p t; patients; s c; sars; studies; test; testing
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        item: #2282 of 5187
          id: cord-296602-19noki6p
      author: Law, Helen KW
       title: Toll-like receptors, chemokine receptors and death receptor ligands responses in SARS coronavirus infected human monocyte derived dendritic cells
        date: 2009-06-08
       words: 4431
      flesch: 49
     summary: Recently, aged BALB/ c mice have shown to develop more severe disease after SARS infection CCR7 is a new member of dendritic cell chemokine receptor that is up-regulated upon maturation Infection of mature dendritic cells with herpes simplex virus type 1 dramatically reduces lymphoid chemokine-mediated migration Chemokine: receptor structure, interactions, and antagonism Death and survival: viral regulation of TNF signaling pathways Measles virus induces functional TRAIL production by human dendritic cells HIV type 1-infected dendritic cells induce apoptotic death in infected and uninfected primary CD4 T lymphocytes Targeting the function of mature dendritic cells by human cytomegalovirus: a multilayered viral defense strategy Frontline: Induction of apoptosis and modulation of c-FLIPL and p53 in immature dendritic cells infected with herpes simplex virus Regulation of Toll-like receptors in human monocytes and dendritic cells Toll-like receptors as an escape mechanism from the host defense Identification of oxidative stress and Toll-like receptor 4 signaling as a key pathway of acute lung injury Impaired responses to toll-like receptor 4 and toll-like receptor 3 ligands in human cord blood Control of coronavirus infection through plasmacytoid dendritic-cell-derived type
    keywords: adult; cells; cov; dcs; expression; infected; infection; sars; trail; virus
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        item: #2283 of 5187
          id: cord-296605-p67twx7a
      author: LAU, Arthur Chun-Wing
       title: Management of Critically Ill Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)
        date: 2004-03-10
       words: 4848
      flesch: 34
     summary: In this article, we aim to focus on the management of the subgroup of SARS patients who are critically ill. In one-third to half of SARS patients, fever may recur while on immunomodulatory treatment due to superimposed infections, too rapid tailing of corticosteroids or persistently severe and uninhibited cytokine storm.
    keywords: acute; clinical; corticosteroids; failure; icu; infection; patients; pressure; sars; syndrome; treatment; ventilation
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        item: #2284 of 5187
          id: cord-296619-uhhndp0a
      author: Kondo, Yuki
       title: Coinfection with SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus
        date: 2020-07-01
       words: 1692
      flesch: 48
     summary: Coinfection with SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses has been described, but the reported frequency is variable. The clinical characteristics of patients with both COVID-19 and influenza virus infection were similar to those of COVID-19 cases.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; influenza; sars; virus
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        item: #2285 of 5187
          id: cord-296649-h6oyjz56
      author: Scherf-Clavel, Oliver
       title: Tissue Level Profiling of SARS-CoV-2 antivirals in mice to predict their effects: comparing Remdesivir’s active metabolite GS-441 524 vs. the clinically failed Hydroxychloroquine
        date: 2020-11-06
       words: 5084
      flesch: 48
     summary: A prophylactic effect of HCQ could be studied infecting the current mouse model after long term (1-3 weeks) treatment with HCQ (5mg/kg per day) in order to reach high HCQ tissue concentration at the time of infection. GS-441 524 and HCQ concentrations were quantified in mouse plasma and several mouse tissue homogenates by two liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) methods using an SCIEX API 6500 TM triple quadrupole (GS-441 524) and an API 5500 triple quadrupole (HCQ) mass spectrometer (SCIEX, Concord, Ontario, Canada).
    keywords: blood; distribution; gs-441; hcq; mice; min; pharmacokinetics; plasma; rem; remdesivir; tissue
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        item: #2286 of 5187
          id: cord-296657-mymndjvd
      author: Higuchi, Yusuke
       title: High affinity modified ACE2 receptors prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-09-16
       words: 3531
      flesch: 42
     summary: key: cord-296657-mymndjvd authors: Higuchi, Yusuke; Suzuki, Tatsuya; Arimori, Takao; Ikemura, Nariko; Kirita, Yuhei; Ohgitani, Eriko; Mazda, Osam; Motooka, Daisuke; Nakamura, Shota; Matsuura, Yoshiharu; Matoba, Satoaki; Okamoto, Toru; Takagi, Junichi; Hoshino, Atsushi title: High affinity modified ACE2 receptors prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection date: 2020-09-16 journal: bioRxiv DOI: 10.1101/2020.09.16.299891 sha: doc_id: 296657 cord_uid: mymndjvd The SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds to the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor via receptor binding domain (RBD) to enter into the cell. High affinity modified ACE2 fused with Fc is the promising strategy to neutralize SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: ace2; affinity; binding; cells; cov-2; fig; mutant; rbd; sars
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        item: #2287 of 5187
          id: cord-296661-6ndn2qxc
      author: Lu, Dingnan
       title: Primary concentration – The critical step in implementing the wastewater based epidemiology for the COVID-19 pandemic: A mini-review
        date: 2020-07-25
       words: 6216
      flesch: 26
     summary: A proof of concept for the wastewater surveillance of COVID-19 in the community Comparison of virus concentration methods for the RT-qPCR-based recovery of murine hepatitis virus, a surrogate for SARS-CoV-2 from untreated wastewater Partition of virus particles in a liquid two-phase system Regressing SARS-CoV-2 sewage measurements onto COVID-19 burden in the population: a proof-of-concept for quantitative environmental surveillance A simple method for concentrating and detecting viruses in wastewater Sentinel surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater anticipates the occurrence of COVID-19 cases Sime-Ngando T. Virioplankton 'pegylation': use of PEG (polyethylene glycol) to concentrate and purify viruses in pelagic ecosystems Pharmaceuticals and Care Products in the Environment Scientific and Regulatory Issues Ultrafiltration: an efficient second step for hepatitis A virus and poliovirus concentration Virus Adsorption to Microporous Filters Modified by in situ Precipitation of Metallic Salts Concentration of viruses from water by using cellulose filters modified by in situ precipitation of ferric and aluminum hydroxides EPA Method 1615. Superior performances of virus concentration were achieved with much less addition of trivalent aluminum salts (AlCl 3 and Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ) when controlling the pH to below 5 (Wallis et al., 1972) .
    keywords: concentration; cov-2; detection; et al; method; recovery; samples; sars; virus; viruses; wastewater
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        item: #2288 of 5187
          id: cord-296672-i267t23m
      author: Wang, Shui-Mei
       title: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus nucleocapsid protein confers ability to efficiently produce virus-like particles when substituted for the human immunodeficiency virus nucleocapsid domain
        date: 2008-07-01
       words: 5515
      flesch: 44
     summary: Efficient particle production by minimal Gag constructs which retain the carboxyterminal domain of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 capsid-p2 and a late assembly domain Coronavirus pseudoparticles formed with recombinant M and E proteins induce alpha interferon synthesis by leukocytes Functional chimeras of the Rous sarcoma virus and human immunodeficiency virus gag proteins Specific binding of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gag polyprotein and nucleocapsid protein to viral RNAs detected by RNA mobility shift assays Retroviral nucleocapsid domains mediate the specific recognition of genomic viral RNAs by chimeric Gag polyproteins during RNA packaging in vivo The production of recombinant infectious DI-particles of a murine coronavirus in the absence of helper virus Importance of basic residues in the nucleocapsid sequence for retrovirus Gag assembly and complementation rescue Myristoylation-dependent replication and assembly of human immunodeficiency virus 1 Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Gag polyprotein multimerization requires the nucleocapsid domain and RNA and is promoted by the capsid-dimer interface and the basic region of matrix protein Modular organization of SARS coronavirus nucleocapsid protein In vitro V(D)J recombination: signal joint formation Coronavirus particle assembly: primary structure requirements of the membrane protein Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Assembly and release of HIV-1 precursor Pr55gag virus-like particles from recombinant baculovirus-infected insect cells Mutation of the SP1 sequence impairs both multimerization and membrane-binding activities of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Gag Analysis of multimerization of the SARS coronavirus nucleocapsid protein Assembly of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus RNA packaging signal into virus-like particles is nucleocapsid dependent Structure of the N-terminal RNA-binding domain of the SARS CoV nucleocapsid protein Generation of synthetic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus pseudoparticles: implications for assembly and vaccine production Nucleic acid-independent retrovirus assembly can be driven by dimerization A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome The molecular biology of coronaviruses Characterization of a putative alpha-helix across the capsid-SP1 boundary that is critical for the multimerization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gag Engineered leucine zippers show that hemiphosphorylated CREB complexes are transcriptionally active SR-rich motif plays a pivotal role in recombinant SARS coronavirus nucleocapsid protein multimerization Carboxyl terminus of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus nucleocapsid protein: self-association analysis and nucleic acid binding characterization Roles of matrix, p2, and N-terminal myristoylation in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Gag assembly Characterization of the coronavirus M protein and nucleocapsid interaction in infected cells Characterization of N protein self-association in coronavirus ribonucleoprotein complexes Myristylation of gag proteins of HIV-1 plays an important role in virus assembly Charged amino acid residues of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 nucleocapsid p7 protein involved in RNA packaging and infectivity Nucleocapsid and matrix protein contributions to selective human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genomic RNA packaging Complete nucleotide sequence of the AIDS virus, HTLV-III The transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus contains a spherical core shell consisting of M and N proteins Characterization of a novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Structural maturation of the transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual NC(N1) (containing N residues 2-213) is capable of producing substantial amounts of VLPs (Fig. 4b) , despite being defective in packaging the co-expressed N protein (Fig. 4d) .
    keywords: assembly; cov; domain; gag; gst; protein; sars; terminal; virus; vlp
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        item: #2289 of 5187
          id: cord-296676-2anl2agl
      author: Goldberg, Michael F.
       title: Neuroradiologic manifestations of COVID-19: what the emergency radiologist needs to know
        date: 2020-08-21
       words: 4172
      flesch: 40
     summary: Retrospective observational study of brain magnetic resonance imaging findings in patients with acute SARS-CoV-2 infection and neurological manifestations SARS2-CoV-2 and stroke in a New York healthcare system Neurologic features in severe SARS-CoV-2 infection Large-vessel stroke as a presenting feature of Covid-19 in the young Cerebrovascular disease in COVID-19 SARS2-CoV-2 and stroke in a New York healthcare system Urgent carotid endarterectomy in a COVID-19 patient: standard approach with some adjustments Neurovascular complications in COVID-19 infection: case series Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China Clinical features and treatment of COVID-19 patients in Northeast Chongqing Abnormal coagulation parameters are associated with poor prognosis in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia Analysis of risk factors for the thromboembolic events from 88 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a retrospective report Pulmonary vascular endothelialitis, thrombosis, and angiogenesis in Covid-19 Endothelial cell infection and endotheliitis in COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor Uriel N (2020) COVID-19 and cardiovascular disease Large artery ischaemic stroke in severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) A report from a large medical system in New York City reported a 0.9% incidence of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in 3556 hospitalized COVID-19 patients in the spring of 2020
    keywords: brain; case; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; patients; sars
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        item: #2290 of 5187
          id: cord-296692-t5p09le8
      author: Elgin, T.G.
       title: The changing landscape of SARS-CoV-2: Implications for the maternal-infant dyad
        date: 2020-09-07
       words: 5331
      flesch: 42
     summary: The development of international registries to enable risk profiling of COVID-19 positive pregnant mothers and/or their offspring may facilitate the development of enhanced mitigation strategies, medical treatments and effective vaccinations. The authors concluded increased risk of preterm birth in COVID-19 positive pregnant mothers.
    keywords: case; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; evidence; health; mothers; neonatal; patients; pneumonia; sars; women
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        item: #2291 of 5187
          id: cord-296762-sc6crkkw
      author: Ali, Fedaa
       title: ACE2 coding variants in different populations and their potential impact on SARS-CoV-2 binding affinity
        date: 2020-08-20
       words: 812
      flesch: 48
     summary: This was 37 attempted here by analyzing different ACE2 missense variants that code for ACE2-K26R, 38 structures are defined depending on rotamers and protonation states of the different amino acids. 71 Furthermore, the structure of ACE2 was trimmed by removing residues from P733 to the end of The electrostatic and the van der Waal contribution to the interaction energies of SARS-CoV-108 2/ACE2 were compared between single mutated and WT protein at pH =7 ( Fig. 2A) .
    keywords: ace2; protein; sars
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        item: #2292 of 5187
          id: cord-296767-mgr32ftl
      author: Große, Karsten
       title: SARS‐CoV‐2 as an extrahepatic precipitator of acute‐on‐chronic liver failure
        date: 2020-05-29
       words: 297
      flesch: 32
     summary: As ACLF following hepatic versus extrahepatic insults may differ in presentation, course, and prognosis, we herein report the case of a patient with ACLF precipitated by extrahepatic complications of SARS-CoV-2. Initial Acute on chronic liver failure from novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
    keywords: cov-2
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        item: #2293 of 5187
          id: cord-296881-2g81sjnl
      author: Nabil, Ahmed
       title: Current coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) epidemiological, diagnostic and therapeutic approaches: An updated review until June 2020
        date: 2020-07-20
       words: 4818
      flesch: 30
     summary: COVID-19 patients observed to have a dysfunction in the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). MSCs transplantation improved the outcome of COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: acute; cases; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; effects; infection; patients; potential; sars; treatment
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        item: #2294 of 5187
          id: cord-296917-yk574m99
      author: Kumar, Sathish
       title: Aerosol‐mediated transmission of SARS‐Cov‐2 or COVID‐19 in the cardiac surgical operating room
        date: 2020-07-11
       words: 740
      flesch: 31
     summary: Effectiveness of masks and respirators against respiratory infections in healthcare workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) insufflation in the operative field is prac- Protection and disinfection policies against SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Aerosol generating procedures and risk of transmission of acute respiratory infections to healthcare workers: a systematic review Mycobacterium chimaera infections after cardiovascular surgery: lessons from a global outbreak Personal protective equipment during the coronavirus disease (COVID) 2019 pandemic -a narrative review A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China The role of particle size in aerosolised pathogen transmission: a review Aerosol and surface stability of SARS-CoV-2 as compared with SARS-CoV-1 Consensus guidelines for managing the airway in patients with COVID-19: guidelines from the Difficult Airway Society, the Association of Anaesthetists the Intensive Care Society, the Faculty of Intensive Care Medicine and the Royal College of Anaesthetists Adult cardiac surgery and the COVID-19 pandemic: aggressive infection mitigation strategies are necessary in the operating room and surgical recovery Specific considerations for the protection of patients and echocardiography service providers when performing perioperative or periprocedural transesophageal echocardiography during the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak: council on perioperative echocardiography supplement to the statement of the American Society of Echocardiography Awareness of surgical smoke hazards and enhancement of surgical smoke prevention among the gynecologists Carbon dioxide de-airing in minimal invasive cardiac surgery, a new effective device Effect of blower-mister devices on vasoreactivity of coronary artery bypass grafts COVID-19)
    keywords: aerosol; covid-19; transmission
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        item: #2295 of 5187
          id: cord-296950-9dldbs6o
      author: El-Zein, Rayan S
       title: COVID-19-associated meningoencephalitis treated with intravenous immunoglobulin
        date: 2020-09-06
       words: 1842
      flesch: 38
     summary: The CSF PCR for SARS-CoV-2 was negative, yet this could not exclude COVID-19 meningoencephalitis. Large studies pertaining to the incidence, diagnostics, and therapeutics of COVID-19 neurologic manifestations remain lacking.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; csf; day; patient; sars
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        item: #2296 of 5187
          id: cord-296977-yzhsdz9c
      author: Soares, R. R. G.
       title: Point-of-care detection of SARS-CoV-2 in nasopharyngeal swab samples using an integrated smartphone-based centrifugal microfluidic platform
        date: 2020-11-06
       words: 6546
      flesch: 41
     summary: We introduce a novel portable bead-based centrifugal microfluidic platform and demonstrate LAMP based viral RNA detection directly from heat-inactivated nasopharyngeal swab samples. These features can potentially pave the way to bring routine and scalable diagnostics to RLS, as well as expanding the current diagnostic capacities in high-income countries by bringing viral RNA detection directly to the field.
    keywords: author; copyright; disc; funder; holder; lamp; license; medrxiv preprint; november; peer; preprint; review; version
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        item: #2297 of 5187
          id: cord-296981-tded20ih
      author: Gilmore, Kerry
       title: In vitro efficacy of Artemisinin-based treatments against SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-10-05
       words: 3165
      flesch: 38
     summary: Therefore, we set out to determine whether A. annua extracts, as well as pure artemisinin, artesunate, and artemether are active against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. While A. annua extracts have been considered natural combination therapies as they contain several bioactive compounds, 21 the WHO discourages the use of non-pharmaceutical forms of artemisinin as a therapeutic option for malaria due to lack of standardization with its sourcing and preparation, implying risks of suboptimal efficacy and resistance development.
    keywords: annua; artemisinin; cov-2; extracts; sars
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        item: #2298 of 5187
          id: cord-296986-8fuj072z
      author: Kumar, Manish
       title: A chronicle of SARS-CoV-2: Part-I - Epidemiology, diagnosis, prognosis, transmission and treatment
        date: 2020-05-15
       words: 4473
      flesch: 40
     summary: The Lancet infectious diseases Presumed asymptomatic carrier transmission of COVID-19 Rapid antigen tests for dengue virus serotypes and Zika virus in patient serum Will coronavirus pandemic diminish by summer The FDA-approved Drug Ivermectin inhibits the replication of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro Human immunopathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Features, evaluation and treatment coronavirus (COVID-19) Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Interspecies transmission and emergence of novel viruses: lessons from bats and birds The effects of temperature and relative humidity on the viability of the SARS coronavirus Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Use of convalescent plasma therapy in SARS patients in Hong Kong Molecular diagnosis of a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) causing an outbreak of pneumonia Statens Serum Institut. The Lancet infectious diseases Radiologic pattern of disease in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome: the Toronto experience Coronaviruses post-SARS: update on replication and pathogenesis Another decade, another coronavirus The novel coronavirus originating in Wuhan, China: challenges for global health governance Immune responses in COVID-19 and potential vaccines: Lessons learned from SARS and MERS epidemic Dysregulation of immune response in patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China Declares Global Emergency as Wuhan Coronavirus Spreads.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; influenza; novel; patients; sars; temperature; transmission
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        item: #2299 of 5187
          id: cord-296997-ba7f2mf3
      author: Sikora, Mateusz
       title: Map of SARS-CoV-2 spike epitopes not shielded by glycans
        date: 2020-07-03
       words: 5826
      flesch: 50
     summary: The model fits high-resolution cryoET electron density data of S proteins on the surface of virions extracted from a culture of infected cells remarkably well They are located on distinct S domains that could fold independently and present these epitopes in a native-like manner.
    keywords: accessibility; binding; cov-2; epitope; fig; glycans; membrane; model; protein; residues; sars; spike; surface
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        item: #2300 of 5187
          id: cord-297023-0qlo0mun
      author: Park, Sung‐Soo
       title: Mass screening of healthcare personnel for SARS-CoV-2 in the northern emirates
        date: 2020-10-17
       words: 753
      flesch: 54
     summary: J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f Risk of COVID-19 among front-line healthcare workers and the general community: a prospective cohort study Effective control of SARS-CoV-2 transmission between healthcare workers during a period of diminished community prevalence of COVID-19 Covid-19: four fifths of cases are asymptomatic, China figures indicate COVID-19: the case for healthcare worker screening to prevent hospital transmission United Arab Emirates Ministry of Interior Labor camps in the Gulf states. Migration and the Gulf Characteristics and transmission dynamics of COVID-19 in healthcare workers at a London teaching hospital Transmission to Healthcare Personnel: the Global ACT-HCP Case-Control Study Soohyun Ha and Zahra Ahmed Mohammed Saeed, for their hard work to increase SARS-CoV-2 test capacity.
    keywords: covid-19
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        item: #2301 of 5187
          id: cord-297072-f5lmstyn
      author: Struck, Anna-Winona
       title: A hexapeptide of the receptor-binding domain of SARS corona virus spike protein blocks viral entry into host cells via the human receptor ACE2
        date: 2012-01-16
       words: 5112
      flesch: 53
     summary: Residues of the spike protein (S) Amino acid sequence well as the association and dissociation rates of ligands interacting with protein receptors. A concentration dependent SPR affinity plot was performed with 110 fmol of receptor protein immobilized.
    keywords: ace2; binding; peptide; protein; receptor; sars; spike; virus
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        item: #2302 of 5187
          id: cord-297127-nhgm09db
      author: Hasseli, Rebecca
       title: National registry for patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IRD) infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Germany (ReCoVery): a valuable mean to gain rapid and reliable knowledge of the clinical course of SARS-CoV-2 infections in patients with IRD
        date: 2020-09-02
       words: 4096
      flesch: 40
     summary: With recruitment of more patients in the near future the trend of lower hospitalisation rates in patients with IRD treated with bDMARDs compared to those treated with csDMARDs will be further investigated. (D) Distribution of comorbidities (in %): 41% had no comorbidities, 37% suffered from AHT, 15% from other relevant comorbidities, 13% from CVD, 9% each from bronchial asthma and DM, 8% each from COPD and CRF, 6% from OSP, 5% from cancer/history of cancer, 2% from ILD, 1% from PAH and 15% from other relevant comorbidities, 30% had more than two comorbidities.
    keywords: course; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; ird; patients; risk; sars
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        item: #2303 of 5187
          id: cord-297132-lhfa9fl5
      author: Aghagoli, Ghazal
       title: Neurological Involvement in COVID-19 and Potential Mechanisms: A Review
        date: 2020-07-13
       words: 5953
      flesch: 31
     summary: Clin Basic Evid Detection of SARS coronavirus RNA in the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient with severe acute respiratory syndrome Organ distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in SARS patients: implications for pathogenesis and virus transmission pathways Neuroinvasion by human respiratory coronaviruses Activation of glial cells by human coronavirus OC43 infection Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 regulation of blood-brain barrier permeability Mechanisms of host defense following severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) pulmonary infection of mice Genomic characterization of the 2019 novel human-pathogenic coronavirus isolated from a patient with atypical pneumonia after visiting Wuhan Detection of coronavirus RNA and antigen in multiple sclerosis brain Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection causes neuronal death in the absence of encephalitis in mice transgenic for human ACE2 Human coronavirus OC43 infection induces chronic encephalitis leading to disabilities in BALB/C mice Apoptotic death of neurons exhibiting peripherin aggregates is mediated by the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α Receptor recognition by the novel coronavirus from Wuhan: an analysis based on decade-long structural studies of SARS coronavirus Evolution of the novel coronavirus from the ongoing Wuhan outbreak and modeling of its spike protein for risk of human transmission Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 infections in engineered human tissues using clinical-grade soluble human ACE2 Differential expression of neuronal ACE2 in transgenic mice with overexpression of the brain renin-angiotensin system Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus. Awareness of the possible neurological manifestations in COVID-19 patients is of utmost importance to assist providers in the recognition, treatment, and management of potentially life-threatening neurologic complications.
    keywords: ace2; acute; brain; cells; clinical; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; human; infection; injury; patients; sars
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        item: #2304 of 5187
          id: cord-297168-t6zf5k99
      author: Brüssow, Harald
       title: The Novel Coronavirus – A Snapshot of Current Knowledge
        date: 2020-03-06
       words: 4151
      flesch: 45
     summary: Therapeutics directed against immunopathological host responses might have a treatment value in view of the 'cytokine storm' seen in some patients with novel coronavirus infections. Vaccines against MERS and SARS are currently not available. Incubation period of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infections among travellers from Wuhan A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster Epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of novel coronavirus infections involving 13 patients Outside Wuhan, China Protecting health-care workers from subclinical coronavirus infection Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study A new transmission route for the propagation of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus.
    keywords: china; chinese; coronavirus; epidemic; market; novel; patients; sars; wuhan
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        item: #2305 of 5187
          id: cord-297178-moxhk2e0
      author: Novaes Rocha, Vinicius
       title: Viral replication of SARS-CoV-2 could be self-limitative - the role of the renin-angiotensin system on COVID-19 pathophysiology
        date: 2020-10-01
       words: 3277
      flesch: 35
     summary: Therefore individuals with greater expression of tissue ACE, and consequently, greater production of Ang II, will present a decrease in tissue ACE2 and an increase in soluble ACE2 (systemic), due to greater activation of ADAM17 and ACE2 cleavage. Thus, due to higher levels of circulating ACE2, men may present a lower level of tissue ACE2, becoming more vulnerable to local SARS imbalance after SARS-Cov-2 infection.
    keywords: ace2; ang; angiotensin; cov-2; covid-19; ras; sars; system
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        item: #2306 of 5187
          id: cord-297197-klr208kp
      author: Weizman, Yehuda
       title: Use of Wearable Technology to Enhance Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic
        date: 2020-07-01
       words: 1362
      flesch: 46
     summary: Wearable biometric bracelets are widespread and commonly used in the form of wrist-worn activity trackers that are both familiar and liked by the general population. In time, we may see different sets of restrictions/privileges for people with different immune statuses.
    keywords: bracelet; data; population; sars
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        item: #2307 of 5187
          id: cord-297202-oup8ptya
      author: Beer, Martin
       title: SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination—A plea for fast and coordinated action
        date: 2020-07-01
       words: 451
      flesch: 41
     summary: Control of COVID-19 will ultimately require adequate levels of herd immunity. If we assume that the level of herd immunity to halt the spread follows the 1 − 1/R 0 rule (Anderson, Heesterbeek, Klinkenberg, & Hollingsworth, 2020) and given conservative estimates for the basic reproduction number R 0 = 3 (Sanche et al., 2020) at least two-thirds of the world's population must mount an effective immune response against the virus to prevent recurrent outbreaks.
    keywords: covid-19; herd
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        item: #2308 of 5187
          id: cord-297208-f4ob3ox6
      author: Pisano, Antonio
       title: Cardiothoracic surgery at the time of COVID-19 pandemic: lessons from the East (and from a previous epidemic) for western battlefields
        date: 2020-05-06
       words: 1377
      flesch: 19
     summary: 6 report other important measures which, in our opinion, should be shared at a nationwide (or at least regional) level, particularly the division of staff members into separate surgical teams (to avoid, as mentioned, cross-contamination among healthcare workers in case of accidental exposure to undiagnosed COVID-19 patients), the clear distinction of personnel caring for COVID-19 patients from that caring for other patients (including with regard to highly skilled teams such as those of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation services), and the need for infectious disease specialist consultation and agreement of the heads of both cardiology and cardiothoracic surgery departments before admitting any new patient. Given the wide spread of contagion (which is likely largely underestimated due to the hypothesized high number of asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic infections 5,12 ), the major concern of clinicians who are not directly involved in the care of COVID-19 patients, but work in high-specialty settings such as cardiac surgery, is the inadvertent admission of patients with undiagnosed SARS-CoV-2 infection, with the consequent risk of spreading contagion among healthcare workers but especially among patients whose comorbidities and clinical conditions possibly predispose them to worse outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection.
    keywords: cardiothoracic; covid-19; patients; surgery
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        item: #2309 of 5187
          id: cord-297209-84gs67bn
      author: Livanos, A. E.
       title: Gastrointestinal involvement attenuates COVID-19 severity and mortality
        date: 2020-09-09
       words: 7533
      flesch: 45
     summary: In a fourth cohort of COVID-19 patients in which GI biopsies were obtained, we identified severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) within small intestinal enterocytes for the first time in vivo but failed to obtain culturable virus. Importantly, mortality was significantly 185 lower in COVID-19 patients with GI symptoms (15.7%) than those without GI symptoms (31.0%; 186 p<0.0001 Fisher's exact test)
    keywords: author; copyright; covid-19; funder; holder; license; medrxiv preprint; patients; peer; preprint; review; september; symptoms; version
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        item: #2310 of 5187
          id: cord-297217-pe6mehjv
      author: Simpson, A. Hamish R. W.
       title: COVID-19: potential transmission through aerosols in surgical procedures and blood products
        date: 2020-07-23
       words: 1327
      flesch: 33
     summary: 15 in addition, in conjunction with public Health england, they have recommended that ventilation in both laminar flow and conventionally ventilated theatres should remain fully on during surgical procedures where patients may have CoVid-19 infection, as the rapid dilution of these aerosols by operating theatre ventilation will help to protect operating room staff. Wong et al 25 concur with the view that a high frequency (> 25 per hour) of air changes will rapidly reduce the viral load in the operating theatre, suggesting that in terms of minimizing risk to the patient of implant infection and to the staff of CoVid-19 infection, this is a pragmatic way to reduce the risk of aerosol transmission.
    keywords: blood; covid-19; procedures; risk
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        item: #2311 of 5187
          id: cord-297236-wnuvofwr
      author: Zhang, Si
       title: SARS-CoV-2 binds platelet ACE2 to enhance thrombosis in COVID-19
        date: 2020-09-04
       words: 10433
      flesch: 44
     summary: Further, we provided evidence suggesting that the MAPK pathway, downstream of ACE2, mediates the potentiating role of SARS-CoV-2 on platelet activation, and that platelet ACE2 expression decreases following SARS-COV-2 stimulation. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate platelet activity in COVID-19 patients, non-COVID-19 patients and healthy volunteers, and to evaluate platelet activity and ACE2 and TMPRSS2 expression in SARS-CoV-2 virus or Spike protein treated healthy platelets and leukocyteplatelet aggregates.
    keywords: ace2; activation; cov-2; covid-19; donors; fig; figure; file; human; mice; online; patients; platelets; protein; sars; spike; type
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        item: #2312 of 5187
          id: cord-297256-i9468t8v
      author: Cesari, Matteo
       title: Geriatric Medicine in Italy in the Time of Covid-19
        date: 2020-04-03
       words: 1647
      flesch: 54
     summary: Many older persons (with their chronic conditions and care needs) remained isolated after the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. The vast majority of deaths is occurring in older persons, a fact that can only be partially explained by the older age of the Italian population.
    keywords: care; coronavirus; covid-19; persons
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        item: #2313 of 5187
          id: cord-297323-l3f12hg4
      author: Amor, Sandra
       title: Innate immunity during SARS‐CoV‐2: evasion strategies and activation trigger hypoxia and vascular damage
        date: 2020-09-26
       words: 4990
      flesch: 26
     summary: All rights reserved the Acute COVID-19 Cardiovascular Syndrome Neurological associations of COVID-19 The Proteins of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2 or n-COV19), the Cause of COVID-19 Breadth of concomitant immune responses prior to patient recovery: a case report of non-severe COVID-19 Targets of T Cell Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus in Humans with COVID-19 Disease and Unexposed Individuals Marked T cell activation, senescence, exhaustion and skewing towards TH17 in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding 3D Models of glycosylated SARS-CoV-2 spike protein suggest challenges and opportunities for vaccine development Glycan shield and epitope masking of a coronavirus spike protein observed by cryo-electron microscopy Neuropilin-1 is a host factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection Accessory proteins of SARS-CoV and other coronaviruses Extreme genomic CpG deficiency in SARS-CoV-2 and evasion of host antiviral defense Identification of Residues of SARS-CoV nsp1 That Differentially Affect Inhibition of Gene Expression and Antiviral Signaling Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Evades Antiviral Signaling: Role of nsp1 and Rational Design of an Attenuated Strain Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus nsp1 protein suppresses host gene expression by promoting host mRNA degradation Like many viruses, SARS‐CoV‐2 has evolved strategies to circumvent innate immune detection including low CpG levels in the genome, glycosylation to shield essential elements including the receptor binding domain, RNA shielding and generation of viral proteins that actively impede anti‐viral interferon responses.
    keywords: article; cell; copyright; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; host; infection; protein; response; rights; rna; sars; syndrome
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        item: #2314 of 5187
          id: cord-297324-me5ff1pb
      author: Zeng, Rong
       title: Characterization of the 3a Protein of SARS-associated Coronavirus in Infected Vero E6 Cells and SARS Patients()
        date: 2004-07-30
       words: 4582
      flesch: 51
     summary: In addition, there is a cysteine-rich region, overlapping the junction of the membrane-spanning region and the cytoplasmic region of S proteins, and this conserved structure of S protein exists in all three groups of coronaviruses. a) of 3a protein sequences from Himalayan palm civets was also only found in those three human SARS-CoV isolates.
    keywords: 3a protein; analysis; coronavirus; cov; figure; peptide; protein; region; sars
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        item: #2315 of 5187
          id: cord-297326-n0fpu8s3
      author: ÁLVAREZ, E.
       title: New coronavirus outbreak. Lessons learned from the severe acute respiratory syndrome epidemic
        date: 2015-01-16
       words: 4998
      flesch: 43
     summary: Parameters of system dynamics models are subject to uncertainty. our model, together with other system dynamics models can be used by epidemiologists to investigate the likely consequences of future re-emergences of SARS-CoV based on analysis of the previous known epidemics.
    keywords: contacts; cov; epidemic; hong; kong; model; parameters; rate; sars
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        item: #2316 of 5187
          id: cord-297327-19dfgfz6
      author: Drożdżal, Sylwester
       title: COVID-19: Pain Management in Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection—Molecular Mechanisms, Challenges, and Perspectives
        date: 2020-07-20
       words: 5681
      flesch: 37
     summary: This narrative review summarizes current knowledge regarding challenges associated with pain assessment and management in COVID-19 patients. It is believed that myalgia in COVID-19 patients might reflect the generalized inflammation and cytokine response [34] .
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; effects; infection; management; opioids; pain; patients; sars; symptoms; treatment; use
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        item: #2317 of 5187
          id: cord-297332-rzf0cw1x
      author: Wang, Qidi
       title: Immunodominant SARS Coronavirus Epitopes in Humans Elicited both Enhancing and Neutralizing Effects on Infection in Non-human Primates
        date: 2016-04-11
       words: 8711
      flesch: 49
     summary: Coronavirus: Insight into the Humoral Immunity of SARS Screening and identification of linear B-cell epitopes and entry-blocking peptide of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-associated coronavirus using synthetic overlapping peptide library Synthetic peptide vaccine design: synthesis and properties of a high-density multiple antigenic peptide system An animal model of SARS produced by infection of Macaca mulatta with SARS coronavirus A 193-amino acid fragment of the SARS coronavirus S protein efficiently binds angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 Receptor and viral determinants of SARS-coronavirus adaptation to human ACE2 Characterization of the heptad repeat regions, HR1 and HR2, and design of a fusion core structure model of the spike protein from severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus Crystal structure of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein fusion core Antibody-dependent SARS coronavirus infection is mediated by antibodies against spike proteins Antibodydependent infection of human macrophages by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Anti-Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Spike Antibodies Trigger Infection of Human Immune Cells via a pH-and Cysteine Protease-Independent FcγR Pathwa Synthesis of proteins by native chemical ligation Comparative full-length genome sequence analysis of 14 SARS coronavirus isolates and common mutations associated with putative origins of infection Generation of High-Affinity Antibody against T Cell-Dependent Antigen in the Ganp Gene-Transgenic Mouse A novel nuclear phosphoprotein, GANP, is up-regulated in centrocytes of the germinal center and associated with MCM3, a protein essential for DNA replication Real-time biospecific interaction analysis using surface plasmon resonance and sensor chip technology Immobilization of proteins to a carboxymethyldextran-modified gold surface for biospecific interaction analysis in surface plasmon resonance sensors Kinetic analysis of monoclonal antibody-antigen interactions with a new biosensor based analytical system Author Contributions ∥ W.Q.D., Z.L.F., and K.K. equally contributed to this work. Using antibodies from SARS patients, we identified and characterized SARS-CoV B-cell peptide epitopes with disparate functions.
    keywords: ade; antibodies; antibody; cells; coronavirus; cov; dpi; enhancement; figure; group; human; infection; lung; macaques; min; peptide; protein; sars; virus
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        item: #2318 of 5187
          id: cord-297365-11es4w0u
      author: Peng, Hui
       title: Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Children: Characteristics, Antimicrobial Treatment, and Outcomes
        date: 2020-05-07
       words: 1697
      flesch: 52
     summary: Young children are more dependent on their family members and infants are not suitable for wearing masks, which may explain why children younger than 2 years are the most vulnerable group to COVID-19. On February 19, arbidol was included in A Case Series of children with 2019 novel coronavirus infection: clinical and epidemiological features Pediatric Branch of Hubei Medical Association; Pediatric Branch of Wuhan Medical Association Recommendation for the diagnosis and treatment of novel coronavirus infection in children in Hubei Diagnosis and treatment recommendations for pediatric respiratory infection caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus Cardiovascular Complications in Patients with COVID-19: Consequences of Viral Toxicities and Host Immune Response Clinical Characteristics of Children with Coronavirus Disease COVID-19 epidemic: Disease characteristics in children Clinical and epidemiological features of 36 children with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Zhejiang, China: an observational cohort study Epidemiology of COVID-19 Among Children in China COVID-19 in Children: Initial Characterization of the Pediatric Disease Treatment of SARS with human interferons Treatment efficacy analysis of traditional Chinese medicine for novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19): an empirical study from Wuhan Ribavirin and interferon alfa-2a for severe Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection: a retrospective cohort study Clinical Features of 69 Cases with Coronavirus Disease Arbidol combined with LPV/r versus LPV/r alone against Corona Virus Disease 2019:a retrospective cohort study Arbidol monotherapy is superior to lopinavir/ritonavir in treating COVID-19
    keywords: cases; children; covid-19; patients
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        item: #2319 of 5187
          id: cord-297381-1upz6dsy
      author: Sánchez‐Duque, Jorge A.
       title: Are we now observing an increasing number of coinfections between SARS‐CoV‐2 and other respiratory pathogens?
        date: 2020-05-29
       words: 1016
      flesch: 49
     summary: 2 Another study by Ding et al., 3 included 115 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, 4.35% (n=5) had influenza coinfection (3 for influenza A; 2 for influenza B) 9 . key: cord-297381-1upz6dsy authors: Sánchez‐Duque, Jorge A.; Orozco‐Hernández, Juan Pablo; Marín‐Medina, Daniel S.; Cvetkovic‐Vega, Aleksandar; Aveiro‐Róbalo, Telmo Raul; Mondragon‐Cardona, Alvaro; Failoc‐Rojas, Virgilio E.; Gutiérrez‐Ocampo, Estefanía; Villamizar‐Peña, Rhuvi; Henao‐Martínez, Juan F.; Arteaga‐Livias, Kovy; Rodríguez‐Morales, Alfonso J. title: Are we now observing an increasing number of coinfections between SARS‐CoV‐2 and other respiratory pathogens? date: 2020-05-29 journal: J Med Virol DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26089 sha: doc_id: 297381 cord_uid: 1upz6dsy We have recently read the article by Chaung et al.,(1) describing a case of SARS‐CoV‐2 and HCoV‐HKU1 coinfection.
    keywords: coinfection; cov-2; sars
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        item: #2320 of 5187
          id: cord-297418-36j840wm
      author: Carneiro Leão, Jair
       title: Coronaviridae ‐ old friends, new enemy!
        date: 2020-05-31
       words: 3983
      flesch: 42
     summary: There is still no consensus on a taxonomic position for SARS-CoV-2, but it belongs to a species related to acute respiratory viruses, based on genetic characteristics, but it is a virus independent of SARS-CoV (Gorbalenya et al., 2020) All rights reserved Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): The epidemic and the challenges Ecoepidemiology and complete genome comparison of different strains of severe acute respiratory syndrome-related Rhinolophus bat coronavirus in China reveal bats as a reservoir for acute, selflimiting infection that allows recombination events Identifying SARS-CoV-2 related coronaviruses in Malayan pangolins The Epidemiology of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome in the 2003 Hong Kong Epidemic: An Analysis of All 1755 Patients Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus Structure, Function, and Evolution of Coronavirus Spike Proteins Infectious Bronchitis Virus Variants:
    keywords: acute; article; copyright; coronavirus; cov; et al; human; mers; sars; syndrome
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        item: #2321 of 5187
          id: cord-297423-iefq0fh0
      author: Bushman, Dena
       title: Detection and Genetic Characterization of Community-Based SARS-CoV-2 Infections — New York City, March 2020
        date: 2020-07-17
       words: 2746
      flesch: 43
     summary: On March 8, while testing availability for SARS-CoV-2 was still limited, DOHMH announced sustained community transmission of SARS-CoV-2 (1). On March 8, while testing availability for SARS-CoV-2 was still limited, DOHMH announced sustained community transmission of SARS-CoV-2 (1).
    keywords: cov-2; influenza; march; sars; sentinel; specimens
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        item: #2322 of 5187
          id: cord-297432-2edncbgn
      author: Helleberg, Marie
       title: Persistent COVID-19 in an Immunocompromised Patient Temporarily Responsive to Two Courses of Remdesivir Therapy
        date: 2020-07-23
       words: 2399
      flesch: 43
     summary: This pattern was repeated during and after a second course of remdesivir treatment. The role of ongoing viral infection versus a secondary hyperreactive immune response in the aftermath of viral replication for the development of severe COVID-19 is not completely understood [6] .
    keywords: covid-19; day; infection; patients; remdesivir; sars; treatment
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        item: #2323 of 5187
          id: cord-297439-xg0pkjrh
      author: Gao, Jing
       title: The unsynchronized changes of CT image and nucleic acid detection in COVID-19: reports the two cases from Gansu, China
        date: 2020-04-22
       words: 2036
      flesch: 58
     summary: Olfactory disturbance or taste disorder was reported in COVID-19 patients [10] , and these symptoms did not been reported by our patients at hospital or follow-up. This unsynchronized expression may help clinician to arrange the examination plan for suspected COVID-19 patient.
    keywords: acid; covid-19; day; fig
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        item: #2324 of 5187
          id: cord-297451-p5rlquym
      author: Luz María Trujillo, G
       title: Relación Entre Covid-19 Y Síndrome De Guillain-Barre En Adultos.Revisión Sistemática
        date: 2020-07-24
       words: 1739
      flesch: 26
     summary: Es relevante mencionar que todos los centros de salud referenciados en los artículos analizados, han mostrado un aumento anormal de los pacientes ingresados con SGB, evidenciando una prevalencia etaria mucho mayor (media 60 años) que los casos de este síndrome pre-pandemia (media 40 años) 21 . Los síntomas previos al desarrollo de este síndrome en la mayoría de los casos fueron ageusia e hiposmia, además se evidenció mayor gravedad respecto a los síntomas respiratorios del COVID-19, como la neumonía.
    keywords: barré; con; cov-2; covid-19; guillain; los; por; que; sars; syndrome
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        item: #2325 of 5187
          id: cord-297463-mmmwi8de
      author: Hsu, You-Ren
       title: Detection of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Coronavirus Nucleocapsid Protein Using AlGaN/GaN High Electron Mobility Transistors
        date: 2013-03-15
       words: 935
      flesch: 53
     summary: The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) nucleocapsid protein (N protein) plays important roles in forming a nucleocapsid, a viral RNA -protein complex with genomic RNA to ensure the timely replication. Real-time current monitoring spanned the range of protein concentrations from 0.003 nM to 3000 nM, and showed saturation as the concentration of SARS-CoV CTD larger than 300 nM. The detection limit of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs sensor for SARS-CoV N protein of dsDNA immobilized device was 0.003 nM, and two orders lower than AMPs immobilized nanowire FET 17 .
    keywords: cov; protein; sars
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        item: #2326 of 5187
          id: cord-297470-lx3xwg92
      author: Pan, Yunbao
       title: Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin antibodies in Wuhan, China: part of the city-wide massive testing campaign
        date: 2020-10-07
       words: 1602
      flesch: 43
     summary: Most of Wuhan residents are still susceptible to this virus. A recent study detected 17,368 individuals from different geographic regions in China, including 1993 residents from different Wuhan sub-cohorts.
    keywords: cov-2; igm; sars; study; wuhan
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        item: #2327 of 5187
          id: cord-297599-y4lu8m4k
      author: Luo, Hua
       title: Anti-COVID-19 drug screening: Frontier concepts and core technologies
        date: 2020-10-28
       words: 7681
      flesch: 39
     summary: Res Square Study on pneumonia prescription of traditional chinese medicine to prevent novel coronavirus coronavirus infection in different regions based on data mining Study on the medication regularity of traditional chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 based on data minin Structure of SARS coronavirus spike receptor-binding domain complexed with receptor Rapid establishment of traditional Chinese medicine prevention and treatment of 2019-nCoV based on clinical experience and molecular docking Study on screening potential traditional Chinese medicines against 2019-nCoV based on Mpro and PLP Screening of Active Ingredients from Traditional Chinese Medicine Against the Novel Coronavirus Based on Molecular Docking Prediction of active components and potential targets of Weixuening mixture for the treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia based on network pharmacology Study on active compounds of Yupingfeng San in preventing and treating COVID-19 based on network pharmacology and molecular docking technology Exploring active compounds of Jinhua Qinggan Granules for prevention of COVID-19 based on network pharmacology and molecular docking Research advances in application of biochip in traditional Chinese medicine Identifying potential treatments of COVID-19 from Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) by using a data-driven approach Study on the mechanisms of active compounds in traditional chinese medicine for the treatment of influenza virus by virtual screening Publisher's Note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations We would like to acknowledge and thank Prof. Mouse plays an important role in researches on the pathogenesis of respiratory diseases associated with human virus infection [45] [46]
    keywords: chinese; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; drugs; human; infection; influenza; medicine; model; potential; protein; sars; screening; study; tcm; treatment; virus
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        item: #2328 of 5187
          id: cord-297630-eabtzfd0
      author: Manganaro, Marco
       title: First considerations on the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in the Dialysis Units of Piedmont and Aosta Valley, Northern Italy
        date: 2020-04-10
       words: 1287
      flesch: 44
     summary: However, the incidence of ICU admission was higher in transplanted than dialysis patients, presumably due to lower comorbidity burden that favoured accessibility to intensive care. The prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 positivity was the same in RRT patients and nephrology staff: 2.2%.
    keywords: cov-2; dialysis; patients; sars
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        item: #2329 of 5187
          id: cord-297641-bgmib6xb
      author: Meng, Xiujuan
       title: Alert for SARS-CoV-2 infection caused by fecal aerosols in rural areas in China
        date: 2020-04-07
       words: 640
      flesch: 47
     summary: 3 Subsequent studies suggested that the plumbing and ventilation systems at Amoy Gardens interacted to allow transmission of the SARS virus and that high concentrations of viral aerosols in the plumbing were the primary mode of transmission in this outbreak. The feces may form high concentrations of viral aerosols that travel through the air to cause infection.
    keywords: areas; sars
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        item: #2330 of 5187
          id: cord-297652-ut6e1ysz
      author: Vanden Eynde, Jean Jacques
       title: COVID-19: A Brief Overview of the Discovery Clinical Trial
        date: 2020-04-10
       words: 3148
      flesch: 53
     summary: Available online Screening of an FDA-approved compound library identifies four small-molecule inhibitors of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus replication in cell culture Treatment with Lopinavir/Ritonavir or Interferon-β1b improves outcome of MERS-CoV infection in a nonhuman primate model of common marmoset A systematic review of lopinavir therapy for SARS coronavirus and MERS coronavirus-A possible reference for coronavirus disease-19 treatment option Systematic review of treatment effects COVID-19-The search for effective therapy A trial of Lopinavir-Ritonavir in adults hospitalized with severe Covid-19 Why re-purposing HIV drugs Lopinavir/ritonavir to inhibit the SARS-Cov2 protease probably won't work-but re-purposing Ribavirin might since it has a very similar binding site within the RNA-polymerase Pharmacy Checker Helping People Safely Find More Affordable Medicine The antiviral effect of interferon-beta against SARS-Coronavirus is not mediated by MxA protein Interferon-β 1a and SARS coronavirus replication Interferon-β and mycophenolic acid are potent inhibitors of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in cell-based assays Husband and Wife Poison Themselves Trying to Self-medicate with Chloroquine Comparison of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine use and the development of retinal toxicity Pharmacokinetics of Hydroxychloroquine and its clinical implications in chemoprophylaxis against calaria caused by Plasmodium vivax Chloroquine and beyond: Exploring anti-rheumatic drugs to reduce immune hyperactivation in HIV/AIDS Design and synthesis of hydroxyferroquine derivatives with antimalarial and antiviral activities On March 28, the FDA issued an Emergency Use Authorization for use of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine for patients who do not have access to the drugs via clinical trials [36] .
    keywords: chloroquine; cov; covid-19; remdesivir; sars; treatment
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        item: #2331 of 5187
          id: cord-297671-3d3gcn6k
      author: Venn, April M.R.
       title: A case series of pediatric croup with COVID-19
        date: 2020-09-15
       words: 2363
      flesch: 54
     summary: [22, 23] Further study is warranted to determine effective steroid recommendations for pediatric COVID-19 croup patients. There might have been additional cases of COVID-19 croup without stridor, who did not require racemic epinephrine, in our ED.
    keywords: covid-19; croup; dexamethasone; hours; sars; stridor
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        item: #2332 of 5187
          id: cord-297681-m0cckidw
      author: Na, Joo-Young
       title: [Secondary Publication] Standard Operating Procedure for Post-mortem Inspection in a Focus on Coronavirus Disease-19: the Korean Society for Legal Medicine
        date: 2020-08-13
       words: 2816
      flesch: 40
     summary: Furthermore, doctors who perform post-mortem inspections interview the family or the persons who closely contacted the deceased, so the risk of infection surely exists during post-mortem inspection. Post-mortem inspection is an external examination of a dead person and is performed to determine the cause and manner of death.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; death; inspection; mortem; sars
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        item: #2333 of 5187
          id: cord-297684-9q3oopaz
      author: Dobaño, Carlota
       title: Highly sensitive and specific multiplex antibody assays to quantify immunoglobulins M, A and G against SARS-CoV-2 antigens
        date: 2020-06-12
       words: 5205
      flesch: 30
     summary: The multiplex nature of the assay will allow to test this hypothesis in the future with the addition of antigens to related coronaviruses 229E, HKU1, NL63 and OC43 in the same assay panel, by comparing the patterns of antibody reactivity, in order to address the significance of this in immunity to Here, antibody responses to M were very marginal and did not contribute to higher assay sensitivity and this could partly be because the purity of the protein was not high. bioRxiv Antigenic crossreactivity between severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus and human coronaviruses 229E and OC43 SARS-CoV-2 specific antibody responses in COVID-19 patients Beyond the Spike: identification of viral targets of the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: antibodies; antibody; antigens; assays; cov-2; covid-19; days; igg; samples; sars; sensitivity; symptoms
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        item: #2334 of 5187
          id: cord-297691-w4cdfwv0
      author: Nikaeen, Ghazal
       title: Application of nanomaterials in treatment, anti-infection and detection of coronaviruses
        date: 2020-05-07
       words: 4543
      flesch: 33
     summary: Recent advances in nanomaterials for gene delivery -a review Nano based drug delivery systems: recent developments and future prospects Gold nanoparticles: emerging paradigm for targeted drug delivery system Quantum dot bioconjugates for ultrasensitive nonisotopic detection Nanosurfaces and nanostructures for artificial orthopedic implants Gold-based hybrid nanomaterials for biosensing and molecular diagnostic applications Nanostructured and nanoscale devices, sensors and detectors Cancer nanotechnology: application of nanotechnology in cancer therapy Nanoscale covalent organic polymers as a biodegradable nanomedicine for chemotherapy-enhanced photodynamic therapy of cancer The laboratory diagnosis of dengue virus infection, a review Fenner's Veterinary Virology Recent discovery and development of inhibitors targeting coronaviruses Summarizes essential information for working on a vaccine for coronaviruses Van Der Hoek L. Identification of new human coronaviruses Coronavirus infections and immune responses Lessons from the past: perspectives on severe acute respiratory syndrome Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) World Health Organization. Interestingly, it was shown that this assay did not amplify the DNA or cDNA of the other viruses or even of the classical PEDV strain, leading to the fact that the nano-nest PCR assay can be successfully applied for specific detection of variant PEDV
    keywords: coronaviruses; cov; detection; infection; mers; nanomaterials; nanoparticles; nps; silver; syndrome; vaccine
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        item: #2335 of 5187
          id: cord-297693-lqyc49t6
      author: Samec, Matthew J
       title: 80-year-old man with dyspnoea and bilateral groundglass infiltrates: an elusive case of COVID-19
        date: 2020-05-27
       words: 2829
      flesch: 41
     summary: The primary symptoms in patients hospitalised with COVID-19 infection are fever (88.7%), cough (67.8%), fatigue (38.1%), dyspnoea (18.7%), myalgia (14.9%) and chills (11.5%). There have been three published case reports of initially negative COVID-19 PCR tests in patients subsequently new disease determined to have COVID-19 infection.
    keywords: case; chest; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; patients; sars
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        item: #2336 of 5187
          id: cord-297702-vxcj25sn
      author: Chen, Yuxin
       title: A comprehensive, longitudinal analysis of humoral responses specific to four recombinant antigens of SARS-CoV-2 in severe and non-severe COVID-19 patients
        date: 2020-09-10
       words: 5267
      flesch: 39
     summary: S1-specific and ECD-specific IgA responses were strongly correlated with the neutralization activities in non-severe patients, but not in severe patients. We recently reported that differential longitudinal patterns of nucleic acid and serology testing among severe patients, non-severe patients, and asymptomatic carriers of SARS-CoV-2 [3] .
    keywords: antibody; covid-19; igg; patients; protein; rbd; responses; sars; specific
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        item: #2337 of 5187
          id: cord-297708-uocs65sl
      author: Alders, N.
       title: COVID-19 Pandemic Preparedness in a United Kingdom Tertiary and Quaternary Children`s Hospital: Tales of the Unexpected
        date: 2020-08-22
       words: 3414
      flesch: 43
     summary: The largest (n =2143) and earliest review of paediatric COVID-19 patients in China described a relatively unaffected cohort with 5.6% and 0.6% suffering from hypoxia and multi-organ/pARDS respectively; 4.4% of paediatric patients were completely asymptomatic and 89.7% had only mild/moderate disease (3). Descriptions of paediatric patients during the initial phase of the pandemic from other parts of the globe and extrapolation from adult data did not serve as an accurate representation of paediatric COVID-19 in our centre.
    keywords: author; funder; medrxiv; paediatric; patients; preprint; review; sars
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        item: #2338 of 5187
          id: cord-297747-kifqgskc
      author: Lupala, Cecylia S.
       title: Computational simulations reveal the binding dynamics between human ACE2 and the receptor binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein
        date: 2020-03-27
       words: 4596
      flesch: 48
     summary: For ACE2 residues near the binding interface (within 4.0 Å of the RBD), the RMSD is smaller than 0.43 Å compared to the SARS-RBD/ACE2 complex. The residues near the CoV2-RBD/ACE2 interface (defined as the combined set of ACE2 residues within 4.0 Å of RBD and the RBD residues within 4.0 Å of the ACE2) exhibited a difference of 0.43 Å RMSD, which is comparable to the difference between the two independently reported crystal models (an RMSD of 0.25 Å for the same comparison).
    keywords: ace2; ace2 complex; binding; cov2; crystal; rbd; residues; sars; simulations; spike; structure
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        item: #2339 of 5187
          id: cord-297775-ug4ovsws
      author: Hosie, Margaret J
       title: Respiratory disease in cats associated with human-to-cat transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in the UK
        date: 2020-09-23
       words: 1999
      flesch: 42
     summary: Currently, there is no evidence that domestic cats have played any role in the epidemiology of the COVID-19 pandemic, but a better understanding of how efficiently virus is transmitted from humans to cats will require cats in COVID-19 households to be monitored. key: cord-297775-ug4ovsws authors: Hosie, Margaret J; Epifano, Ilaria; Herder, Vanessa; Orton, Richard J; Stevenson, Andrew; Johnson, Natasha; MacDonald, Emma; Dunbar, Dawn; McDonald, Michael; Howie, Fiona; Tennant, Bryn; Herrity, Darcy; Da Silva Filipe, Ana; Streicker, Daniel G; Willett, Brian J; Murcia, Pablo R; Jarrett, Ruth F; Robertson, David L; Weir, William title: Respiratory disease in cats associated with human-to-cat transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in the UK date: 2020-09-23 journal: bioRxiv DOI: 10.1101/2020.09.23.309948 sha: doc_id: 297775 cord_uid: ug4ovsws Two cats from different COVID-19-infected households in the UK were found to be infected with SARS-CoV-2 from humans, demonstrated by immunofluorescence, in situ hybridisation, reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR and viral genome sequencing.
    keywords: cat; cov-2; human; sars; transmission
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        item: #2340 of 5187
          id: cord-297786-jz1d1m2e
      author: Hasan, Md. Mahbub
       title: Global and Local Mutations in Bangladeshi SARS-CoV-2 Genomes
        date: 2020-08-26
       words: 3273
      flesch: 48
     summary: According to a recent study on 48,635 of SARS CoV-2 genome sequences, 353,341 mutation events have been observed globally in comparison to the reference genome of Wuhan. In line with the global trend, D614G mutation in spike glycoprotein was predominantly high (95.6%) in Bangladeshi isolates.
    keywords: analysis; bangladesh; cov-2; d614; genomes; mutations; sars; sequences; virus
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        item: #2341 of 5187
          id: cord-297787-t9neub6d
      author: Fu, Ziyang
       title: Structural basis for the inhibition of the papain-like protease of SARS-CoV-2 by small molecules
        date: 2020-07-18
       words: 2159
      flesch: 45
     summary: that the original pocket in MERS PLpro might be too shallow to allow GRL0617 to bind with 130 extensive contacts, and the naphthalene moiety of GRL0617 would also be in steric clash with the 131 pocket of MERS PLpro ( Fig. S4C) . We showed that PLpro preferably cleaves the K48-ubiquitin linkage while also being capable of cleaving ISG15 modification.
    keywords: cov-2; fig; grl0617; isg15; plpro; sars
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        item: #2342 of 5187
          id: cord-297800-hnx213kp
      author: Bi, Qifang
       title: Epidemiology and Transmission of COVID-19 in Shenzhen China: Analysis of 391 cases and 1,286 of their close contacts
        date: 2020-03-04
       words: 5368
      flesch: 48
     summary: We characterize differences in demographics and severity between cases identified through symptom-based surveillance and the monitoring of close case contacts, and estimate the time to key events, such as confirmation, isolation, and recovery. Estimates of the distribution of time between symptom onset and case isolation by surveillance type reveal that heightened surveillance combined with case isolation could plausibly account for these low rates of transmission.
    keywords: cases; days; license; onset; preprint; surveillance; symptom
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        item: #2343 of 5187
          id: cord-297826-2nruf2g7
      author: Tian, Jing-Hui
       title: SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein vaccine candidate NVX-CoV2373 elicits immunogenicity in baboons and protection in mice
        date: 2020-06-30
       words: 2676
      flesch: 45
     summary: 310 PBMCs were collected 7 days after the second immunization (day 28) and T cell CoV2373 alone or 1 µg NVXCoV2373/Matrix-M (Fig. 8E) . Anti-S protein IgG titers were detected within 21-days of a single priming immunization 288 in animals immunized with NVX-CoV2373/Matrix-M across all the dose levels (GMT = 289 1,249-19,000).
    keywords: cov2373; fig; matrix; mice; nvx; sars
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        item: #2344 of 5187
          id: cord-297832-picpuzvo
      author: Salazar, Rafael
       title: Decreased Mortality in Patients With Severe Bronchospasm Associated With SARS-CoV-2: An Alternative to Invasive Mechanical Ventilation
        date: 2020-10-06
       words: 1775
      flesch: 39
     summary: A consensus for acute bronchospasm associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection is the use of mechanical ventilation [8] ; however, Zareifopoulos warns of the lack of evidence about the long-term benefits in patients on IMV [4] . To improve ventilatory mechanics and ultimately postpone the need for IMV due to acute bronchospasm in patients diagnosed with COVID-19, we put in place a therapeutic approach consisting of early respiratory therapy and pharmacological bronchospasm rescue approach.
    keywords: bronchospasm; covid-19; patients; score
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        item: #2345 of 5187
          id: cord-297842-hkr1wm3k
      author: Tilley, Kimberly
       title: A Cross-Sectional Study Examining the Seroprevalence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Antibodies in a University Student Population
        date: 2020-10-15
       words: 3896
      flesch: 39
     summary: University students are also expected to have different social connectedness compared with the general population, such as participation in athletics or social clubs [9, 10] . In this sample of university students, the following factors were associated with having a positive test for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies: students with a history of loss of taste and/or smell were 4.0 times as likely to have a positive test, compared with those without this history (95% CI: 1.4e9.6); students with confirmed or suspected exposure to a positive COVID-19 case were 3.3 times as likely to have a positive test, relative to those without confirmed or suspected exposure (95% CI: 1.4e7.0).
    keywords: antibody; cov-2; population; prevalence; sars; students; study; university
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        item: #2346 of 5187
          id: cord-297859-p57pl45i
      author: Mahlke, Lutz
       title: Chirurgie in der SARS-CoV-2-Pandemie: Empfehlungen zum operativen Vorgehen
        date: 2020-06-02
       words: 2397
      flesch: 42
     summary: Klassische Regeln der Erkenntnisbewertung der wissenschaftlichen Gemeinschaft finden ebenso wie die Regeln der evidenzbasierten Medizin nur noch begrenzt Anwendung. Die Anlage einer Thoraxdrainage beim Pneumothorax stellt sicher eine solche Maßnahme dar, ebenso wie die septische Chirurgie, bei der die Anwendung einer Jet-Lavage indiziert sein kann.
    keywords: auch; bei; covid-19; den; der; des; die; einer; für; ist; mit; patienten; patients; recommendations; sars; und; von; werden
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        item: #2347 of 5187
          id: cord-297870-m7n43k4p
      author: Azevedo, Rafael Bellotti
       title: Covid-19 and the cardiovascular system: a comprehensive review
        date: 2020-07-27
       words: 5113
      flesch: 27
     summary: Hence, the presence of heart disease is an important risk factor regarding the prognosis of COVID-19 patients evolving with acute myocardial injury The pathophysiology regarding myocardial damage caused by COVID-19 infection is not completely elucidated.
    keywords: ace2; cardiac; cov-2; covid-19; disease; hypertension; infection; injury; patients; risk; sars
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        item: #2348 of 5187
          id: cord-297878-c4cq92x8
      author: Ali, Mohammed
       title: ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction in a 27-Year-Old Male With COVID-19
        date: 2020-09-11
       words: 2104
      flesch: 48
     summary: Di Napoli R: Features, Evaluation and Treatment Coronavirus (COVID-19) Guide to understanding the 2019 novel coronavirus What we know so far: COVID-19 current clinical knowledge and research Situation report-22 Catheterization laboratory considerations during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic: from the ACC's Interventional Council and SCAI Association of cardiac injury with mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China Cardiovascular considerations for patients, health care workers, and health systems during the COVID-19 pandemic A review of acute myocardial injury in coronavirus disease 2019 Emerging coronaviruses: genome structure, replication, and pathogenesis Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. COVID-19 patients with cardiovascular manifestations are at risk for increased severity of illness.
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; disease; injury; patients; sars
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        item: #2349 of 5187
          id: cord-297879-6xb25uhx
      author: Moncunill, G.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 infections and antibody responses among health care workers in a Spanish hospital after a month of follow-up
        date: 2020-08-25
       words: 5551
      flesch: 52
     summary: The effect of infection on antibody levels was analyzed using multilevel mixed-effects linear regression models incorporating Gaussian random intercepts. Cumulative seropositive data was generated by selecting antibody levels at month 0 from individuals who were seropositive and antibody levels from month 1 in individuals who seroconverted from month 0 to month 1 and used for the analysis of antibody levels by different factors.
    keywords: antibody; cov-2; iga; igg; levels; medrxiv; month; preprint; sars
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        item: #2350 of 5187
          id: cord-297884-a6yrtuwf
      author: Burke, R. M.
       title: Enhanced Contact Investigations for Nine Early Travel-Related Cases of SARS-CoV-2 in the United States
        date: 2020-05-03
       words: 7351
      flesch: 42
     summary: The results of these investigations suggest that the risk of secondary COVID-19 infection is high among close household contacts of confirmed COVID-19 patients, especially significant others. Rapid detection and isolation of the travel-associated case patients, enabled by public awareness of COVID-19 among travelers from China, may have mitigated transmission risk among close contacts of these cases.
    keywords: case; case patient; contacts; covid-19; exposure; household; license; patient; preprint; travel
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        item: #2351 of 5187
          id: cord-297918-840thddt
      author: Yilmaz, Umut
       title: COVID-19: neurologische Manifestationen: Was wir bisher wissen
        date: 2020-09-02
       words: 1349
      flesch: 40
     summary: Die Fälle wiesen die MR-tomographisch typischen zerebralen oder spinalen Herde auf und wurden mit Steroiden, Immunglobulinen oder einer Kombination aus beidem behandelt. Insgesamt wurden in der Metaanalyse von Elul et al. 8
    keywords: bei; cov-2; covid-19; der; des; die; eine; fälle; mit; patienten; sars; und; von
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        item: #2352 of 5187
          id: cord-297941-7yut9vt4
      author: Haq, M.
       title: Seroprevalence and Risk Factors of SARS CoV-2 in Health Care Workers of Tertiary-Care Hospitals in the Province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
        date: 2020-09-30
       words: 2709
      flesch: 52
     summary: (which was not certified by peer review) preprint In different professional category, the highest seroprevalence were identified in Lab technicians (50·0%, 95% CI 31·8-68·1) followed by paramedical staff (42.0%, 95% CI 34.2 -50.1), ward staff (39·8%, 95% CI 29·4 -50·7) and nursing staff (38·8%, 95% CI 32·1 -45·7). The overall seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was 30·7% (CI 95%: 27·8 -33·6).
    keywords: antibodies; hcws; license; preprint; risk; sars
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        item: #2353 of 5187
          id: cord-297942-6wdwrttn
      author: Li, Taisheng
       title: Diagnosis and clinical management of severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection: an operational recommendation of Peking Union Medical College Hospital (V2.0): Working Group of 2019 Novel Coronavirus, Peking Union Medical College Hospital
        date: 2020-03-14
       words: 1826
      flesch: 33
     summary: The guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection (Pilot 3rd version Clinical management of severe acute respiratory infection when novel coronavirus (nCoV) infection is suspected: interim guidance Rapid loss of both CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte subsets during the acute phase of severe acute respiratory syndrome key: cord-297942-6wdwrttn authors: Li, Taisheng title: Diagnosis and clinical management of severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection: an operational recommendation of Peking Union Medical College Hospital (V2.0): Working Group of 2019 Novel Coronavirus, Peking Union Medical College Hospital date: 2020-03-14 journal: Emerg Microbes Infect DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2020.1735265 sha: doc_id: 297942 cord_uid: 6wdwrttn Since December 2019, China has been experiencing an outbreak of a new infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
    keywords: cov-2; medical; oxygen; patients; sars
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        item: #2354 of 5187
          id: cord-297974-sduz0j35
      author: Bokelmann, L.
       title: Rapid, reliable, and cheap point-of-care bulk testing for SARS-CoV-2 by combining hybridization capture with improved colorimetric LAMP (Cap-iLAMP)
        date: 2020-08-06
       words: 4771
      flesch: 47
     summary: Amplification in LAMP reactions is often detected colorimetrically by a pH sensitive dye that changes color when extensive DNA synthesis lowers the pH of the reaction (Tanner et al. 2015) . Evaluation of different amounts of Tte UvrD helicase in LAMP reactions.
    keywords: amplification; cov-2; detection; ilamp; preprint; reaction; samples; sars
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        item: #2355 of 5187
          id: cord-297989-4grwa4ab
      author: Li, Yunjin
       title: Systematic profiling of ACE2 expression in diverse physiological and pathological conditions for COVID‐19/SARS‐CoV‐2
        date: 2020-07-08
       words: 1616
      flesch: 38
     summary: key: cord-297989-4grwa4ab authors: Li, Yunjin; Xu, Qiyue; Ma, Lu; Wu, Duojiao; Gao, Jie; Chen, Geng; Li, Hua title: Systematic profiling of ACE2 expression in diverse physiological and pathological conditions for COVID‐19/SARS‐CoV‐2 date: 2020-07-08 journal: Since the expression profile of ACE2, a crucial cell entry receptor for SARS‐CoV‐2, could indicate the susceptibility to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, here we systematically dissected ACE2 expression using large‐scale multi‐omics data from 30 organs/tissues, 33 cancer types and some common chronic diseases involving >28 000 samples.
    keywords: ace2; data; diseases; expression
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        item: #2356 of 5187
          id: cord-298036-2zurc60t
      author: Imre, Gergely
       title: Cell death signalling in virus infection
        date: 2020-09-12
       words: 8035
      flesch: 31
     summary: [45] , thus only blocking of both pathways at the same time can significantly reduce IAV induced cell death. Conversely, some viruses hijack cell death pathways to selectively destroy cell populations in order to compromise the immune system of the host.
    keywords: activation; apoptosis; apoptotic; caspase-8; cell; death; human; immune; infection; inflammasome; leads; necroptosis; nlrp3; pathways; protein; pyroptosis; response; virus
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        item: #2357 of 5187
          id: cord-298056-svwtfshi
      author: Fabio, Ciceri
       title: Early predictors of clinical outcomes of COVID-19 outbreak in Milan, Italy
        date: 2020-06-12
       words: 3321
      flesch: 37
     summary: We identified J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f Director-General's opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19 The effect of control strategies to reduce social mixing on outcomes of the COVID-19 epidemic in Wuhan, China: a modelling study Novel Coronavirus(2019-nCoV) Situation Report -11 Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study Body composition phenotypes in pathways to obesity and the metabolic syndrome ARDS in Obese Patients: Specificities and Management Acute respiratory distress syndrome Baseline Characteristics and Outcomes of 1591 Patients Infected With SARS-CoV-2 Admitted to ICUs of the Lombardy Region Clinical and virological data of the first cases of COVID-19 in Europe: a case series Fast reshaping of intensive care unit facilities in a large metropolitan hospital in Milan, Italy: facing the COVID-19 pandemic emergency Fleischner Society: glossary of terms for thoracic imaging Severity scoring of lung oedema on the chest radiograph is associated with clinical outcomes in ARDS Early Transmission Dynamics in Wuhan, China, of Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia Presenting Characteristics, Comorbidities, and Outcomes Among 5700 Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19 in the The Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Threat for Patients with Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer Projecting the transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 through the postpandemic period Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Functional exhaustion of antiviral lymphocytes in COVID-19 patients Complex Immune Dysregulation in COVID-19 Patients with Severe Respiratory Failure Microvascular COVID-19 lung vessels obstructive thromboinflammatory syndrome (MicroCLOTS): an atypical acute respiratory distress syndrome working hypothesis Pharmacologic Treatments for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Review The First Case of COVID-19 Treated With the Complement C3 Inhibitor AMY-101 The authors thank the entire staff of the San Raffaele Scientific Institute, working every day to ensure the best quality of care to patients and their families. In a large cohort of COVID-19 patients of European origin, main risk factors for mortality were older age, comorbidities, low lymphocyte count and high RALE.
    keywords: china; covid-19; data; disease; hospital; mortality; patients; risk; score
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        item: #2358 of 5187
          id: cord-298067-awo3smgp
      author: Li, Huanjie
       title: Transmission Routes Analysis of SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review and Case Report
        date: 2020-07-10
       words: 4863
      flesch: 45
     summary: Fecal transmission mode accounts for a small proportion of respiratory virus transmission. Summarizing the published articles, including SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, we combined with epidemiological and clinical data to analyze the possible routes of asymptomatic patients with virus infection in order to provide the basis for suppressing the spread of the virus, and antiviral treatment and advice for the protection of medical staff.
    keywords: cases; cov-2; infection; patients; samples; sars; transmission; virus
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        item: #2359 of 5187
          id: cord-298075-lzuxlzb0
      author: Mao, Kang
       title: Can a Paper-Based Device Trace COVID-19 Sources with Wastewater-Based Epidemiology?
        date: 2020-03-23
       words: 1096
      flesch: 38
     summary: Paper analytical devices have emerged as powerful tools for the rapid diagnosis of pathogens and determination of infection transmission. Paper analytical devices enable multiplexed, sensitive assays that rival PCR laboratory assays and provide high-quality, fast precision diagnostics for pathogens.
    keywords: paper; sars; wastewater
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        item: #2360 of 5187
          id: cord-298079-hgdyxk98
      author: Hsu, Jeffrey J.
       title: Heart Transplantation in the Early Phase of the COVID‐19 Pandemic: A Single‐Center Case Series
        date: 2020-07-12
       words: 2099
      flesch: 48
     summary: 12, 13 However, a recent study found a 25% case fatality rate among OHT patients, 14 and a full understanding of COVID-19 in this population remains to be determined. The impact of social distancing and hand hygiene education that post-transplant patients receive likely played a strong role.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; heart; patients; sars; transplantation
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        item: #2361 of 5187
          id: cord-298083-4h3tg6hg
      author: Ho, Tin-Yun
       title: Antigenicity and receptor-binding ability of recombinant SARS coronavirus spike protein
        date: 2004-01-23
       words: 3577
      flesch: 51
     summary: After the isopropyl-β-d-thiogalactoside induction, S protein was expressed in the soluble form and purified by nickel-affinity chromatography to homogeneity. The amount of S protein recovered was 0.2–0.3 mg/100 ml bacterial culture.
    keywords: binding; cell; coronavirus; cov; protein; recombinant; sars; spike
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        item: #2362 of 5187
          id: cord-298098-4dfqlebp
      author: Xu, Ruodan
       title: Construction of SARS-CoV-2 Virus-Like Particles by Mammalian Expression System
        date: 2020-07-30
       words: 3328
      flesch: 41
     summary: Human codon optimized sequences of genes encoding S, M, E and N structural proteins of SARS-CoV-2 with C-terminal FLAG tag (peptide sequence: DYKDDDDK) were synthesized by Genscript Biotechnology (Nanjing, China): the major structural S glycoprotein (Gen Bank: QHD43416.1), E protein (Gen Bank: QHD43418.1), M protein (Gen Bank: QHD43419.1) and N protein (Gen Bank: QHD43423.2). As shown in Figures 2A,B , M protein was able to easily release into medium (supernatant) independent of other structural proteins 48 h post-transfection.
    keywords: cells; cov-2; protein; sars; virus; vlps
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        item: #2363 of 5187
          id: cord-298156-d0pb1kik
      author: Cheval, Sorin
       title: Observed and Potential Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Environment
        date: 2020-06-10
       words: 11035
      flesch: 42
     summary: Supplementary Materials: The following are available online at http://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/11/4140/s1, List S1: Calendar of events relevant for COVID-19 impact on environment (31 December 2019-30 April 2020), Figure S1 : The examination of the relationship between climate and Coronavirus focuses on two queries: (a) how the climate can modulate the spread and persistence of the virus, and (b) the extent of the impact of the virus on economic policies taken to offset climate impacts.
    keywords: air; change; climate; coronavirus; covid-19; covid-19 pandemic; crisis; effects; emissions; health; human; impacts; pandemic; reduction; sars; spread; systems; term; water
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        item: #2364 of 5187
          id: cord-298172-iyxyennq
      author: Guo, Youjia
       title: Potent mouse monoclonal antibodies that block SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-10-02
       words: 4577
      flesch: 36
     summary: With the development of humanized mouse antibodies and subsequent generation of fully human antibodies by various techniques, monoclonal antibodies have become widely used in therapy and prophylaxis for cancer, autoimmune diseases, and viral pathogens (Walker & Burton, 2018) . Instead, monoclonal antibodies produced by hybridomas are secreted into the culture supernatant, thus their production is straightforward and of low cost, and their quality is stable.
    keywords: ace2; antibodies; antibody; cov-2; et al; monoclonal; s1d7; s3d8; sars; spike
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        item: #2365 of 5187
          id: cord-298216-iq7fenxm
      author: Jiang, Chao
       title: Comparative review of respiratory diseases caused by coronaviruses and influenza A viruses during epidemic season
        date: 2020-05-13
       words: 1620
      flesch: 14
     summary: The epidemiology of severe 495 acute respiratory syndrome in the 2003 Hong Kong epidemic: an analysis of all 1755 patients Clinical 498 features and short-term outcomes of 144 patients with SARS in the greater Toronto area Clinical progression and viral 501 load in a community outbreak of coronavirus-associated SARS pneumonia: a prospective study A comparison of the clinical and 538 epidemiological characteristics of adult patients with laboratory-confirmed influenza A or B 539 during the 2011-2012 influenza season in Korea: a multi-center study Comparison of 541 clinical features and outcomes of medically attended influenza A and influenza B in a defined 542 population over four seasons Seasonal 545 influenza A/H3N2 virus infection and IL-1Beta, IL-10, IL-17, and IL-28 polymorphisms in 546 Iranian population Differences in clinical features between influenza A H1N1, A 548 H3N2, and B in adult patients Prediction of H7N9 epidemic in China Proinflammatory effects of the hemagglutinin protein of the 552 avian influenza A (H7N9) virus and microRNAmediated homeostasis response in THP1 cells Lung pathology of fatal severe 565 acute respiratory syndrome Lung pathology of severe 567 acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): a study of 8 autopsy cases from Singapore Multiple organ infection and the 570 pathogenesis of SARS Molecular pathology analyses of two fatal 572 human infections of avian influenza A(H7N9) virus Emerging H7N9 influenza A (novel reassortant avian-origin) 574 pneumonia: radiologic findings Pathology and virology findings in 576 cases of fatal influenza A H1N1 virus infection in 2009-2010 Lung pathology in 578 fatal novel human influenza A (H1N1) infection Clinical features of pneumonia caused by 2009 580 influenza A(H1N1) virus in Beijing Pathological study of 582 archival lung tissues from five fatal cases of avian H5N1 influenza in Vietnam molecular biology, and pathogenesis of avian influenza A (H5N1) 585 infection in humans Apoptosis and pathogenesis of avian influenza A (H5N1) virus in humans Re-emergence of fatal epidemiological features of coronavirus HKU1-associated community-acquired pneumonia An outbreak of coronavirus OC43 595 respiratory infection in Normandy, France Coronavirus 229E-related 597 pneumonia in immunocompromised patients Detection of human coronavirus NL63 in 599 young children with bronchiolitis Comparison of the pathology caused by H1N1, H5N1, and 601 H3N2 influenza viruses Respiratory Syndrome and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome: Current Therapeutic Options 605 and Potential Targets for Novel Therapies Hopes rise for coronavirus drug remdesivir Remdesivir for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 608 causing COVID-19: in adult 683 subjects with well-controlled asthma Evolution of pandemic influenza virus A(H1N1)pdm09 in 2009-2016: dynamics of receptor 686 specificity of the first hemagglutinin subunit (HA1) Homology modeling study toward identifying 688 structural properties in the HA2 B-loop that would influence the HA1 receptor-binding site Subunit Vaccines Against Emerging Pathogenic Human The SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Pipeline: an Overview Progress and Prospects on Vaccine Development 705 against SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: clinical; coronavirus; influenza; sars; syndrome; virus
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        item: #2366 of 5187
          id: cord-298227-av1ev8ta
      author: Kähler, Christian J.
       title: Fundamental protective mechanisms of face masks against droplet infections
        date: 2020-06-28
       words: 7150
      flesch: 52
     summary: key: cord-298227-av1ev8ta authors: Kähler, Christian J.; Hain, Rainer title: Fundamental protective mechanisms of face masks against droplet infections date: 2020-06-28 journal: J Aerosol Sci DOI: 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2020.105617 sha: doc_id: 298227 cord_uid: av1ev8ta Many governments have instructed the population to wear simple mouth-and-nose covers or surgical face masks to protect themselves from droplet infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in public. It was surprizing that for months, WHO, the CDC and many public health professionals in Europe advised against wearing face masks unless someone has COVID-19 or cares for someone who has COVID-19 (Feng et al., 2020 and Leung et al., 2020a) .
    keywords: air; droplets; et al; face; filtering; flow; infection; masks; material; people; protection
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        item: #2367 of 5187
          id: cord-298242-iuskpoug
      author: Yu, Alvin
       title: A Multiscale Coarse-grained Model of the SARS-CoV-2 Virion
        date: 2020-10-02
       words: 3609
      flesch: 34
     summary: AA protein models (see discussion below) were subsequently simulated and coarsegrained to generate the CG models ( Figure 2 and see sections below). Several computational approaches have been developed to build or refine CG models using data from AA or fine-grained simulations.
    keywords: data; model; molecular; protein; sars; simulations; spike; structure; virion
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        item: #2368 of 5187
          id: cord-298281-wkje5jyt
      author: Chan, Vinson Wai-Shun
       title: A systematic review on COVID-19: urological manifestations, viral RNA detection and special considerations in urological conditions
        date: 2020-05-27
       words: 3497
      flesch: 50
     summary: 5.74% (95% CI 2.88–9.44%) of COVID-19 patients had positive viral RNA in urine samples, but the duration of viral shedding in urine was unknown. 65.82% (95% CI 45.71–83.51%) of COVID-19 patients had positive viral RNA in stool samples, which were detected from 2 to 47 days from symptom onset.
    keywords: covid-19; et al; patients; rna; sars; studies
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        item: #2369 of 5187
          id: cord-298301-p1zj6jg9
      author: Dey, Lopamudra
       title: Machine Learning Techniques for Sequence-based Prediction of Viral-Host Interactions between SARS-CoV-2 and Human Proteins
        date: 2020-09-03
       words: 6310
      flesch: 46
     summary: Choosing negative examples for the prediction of protein-protein interactions Prediction of interactions between viral and host proteins using supervised machine learning methods Sequence-based prediction of protein protein interaction using a deep-learning algorithm Human protein reference database-2009 update A human functional protein interaction network and its application to cancer data analysis Supervised classification algorithms in machine learning: A survey and review. We found a large number of predicted human proteins interact with more than one virus.
    keywords: amino; classifier; coronavirus; covid-19; dataset; features; human; interactions; learning; machine; prediction; proteins; sars; virus
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        item: #2370 of 5187
          id: cord-298321-8871aifz
      author: Laamarti, Meriem
       title: Genetic analysis of SARS-CoV-2 strains collected from North Africa: viral origins and mutational spectrum
        date: 2020-07-01
       words: 2152
      flesch: 44
     summary: We observed two domains rich in non-synonymous mutations, the first, nsp3-Multi domain due to its large size compared to other non-structural proteins and previously described as playing a different role in SARS-CoV-2 infection (29) . Focusing on non-synonymous mutations, 29 (47.54%) were distributed in five genes (ORF1ab, spike, membrane, nucleocapsid and ORF3a) with variable frequencies.
    keywords: countries; cov-2; genomes; mutations; sars; tunisia
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        item: #2371 of 5187
          id: cord-298327-j04nyg5y
      author: Lv, Zhihua
       title: Clinical characteristics and co-infections of 354 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study
        date: 2020-05-18
       words: 1897
      flesch: 44
     summary: Although previous studies have demonstrated certain clinical characteristics of patients 34 with COVID-19 [8, 11, 12] , their detail clinical characteristics are still limited and the sex 35 differences in clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients have not been well studied. Preliminary analysis indicated that higher white blood cell and 129 neutrophil counts, as well as higher levels of D-dimer, IL-6, IL-10, CRP and PCT were found 130 in male patients compared to those of females, which was similar to patients in critical and 131 severe groups compared with those of mild groups (Table 2) .
    keywords: cases; covid-19; patients; sars
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        item: #2372 of 5187
          id: cord-298343-nvuc1j7t
      author: Ma, J.
       title: Exhaled breath is a significant source of SARS-CoV-2 emission
        date: 2020-06-02
       words: 2794
      flesch: 56
     summary: Surface swab samples 35 from a pillow case (20YJ3372) and hands (20YJ3378) of patient TH-YZ1 were shown to contain SARS-CoV-2, but no virus was detected in this patient's EBC sample (Fig. 2B) . Upon the collection, surface swab samples were immediately deposited into a 3 mL virus collection liquid (Yocon Biology, Inc), and further delivered to the laboratory for SARS-CoV-2 analysis on the same day.
    keywords: air; cov-2; covid-19; fig; patients; samples; sars; surface
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        item: #2373 of 5187
          id: cord-298350-pq1dcz3a
      author: Ryan, Jeffrey R.
       title: Category C Diseases and Agents
        date: 2016-03-25
       words: 7270
      flesch: 55
     summary: Specific examples explored in this chapter include Nipah virus, hantavirus, West Nile fever virus, and the coronaviruses that cause severe acute respiratory syndrome and Middle East respiratory syndrome. Blood samples from case patients were sent to the CDC to confirm Nipah virus infection; one was confirmed positive (Luby et al., 2006) .
    keywords: cases; disease; fever; hantavirus; health; mers; nile; nipah; outbreak; patients; sars; transmission; virus; west; wnv
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        item: #2374 of 5187
          id: cord-298372-4pw1y404
      author: Koch, Lionel
       title: Natural outbreaks and bioterrorism: How to deal with the two sides of the same coin?
        date: 2020-08-18
       words: 6210
      flesch: 34
     summary: Over the past ten years, epidemiological and mathematical modelling data were essential for risk characterisation and management during infectious disease outbreaks [92] but ironically, the rising power of AI systems will not erase the role of human experts [93] . The effect of control strategies to reduce social mixing on outcomes of the COVID-19 epidemic in Wuhan, China: a modelling study To what extent does evidence support decision making during infectious disease outbreaks?
    keywords: attack; covid-19; crisis; data; detection; disease; health; management; outbreak; pandemic; response; risk; sars; system; virus
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        item: #2375 of 5187
          id: cord-298406-7wfdwou8
      author: Sun, Haifang
       title: Molecular cloning, expression, purification, and mass spectrometric characterization of 3C-like protease of SARS coronavirus
        date: 2003-12-31
       words: 2686
      flesch: 51
     summary: Molecular weight of SARS_3CL pro protease encoding gene 1 of transmissible gastroenteritis virus Viral replicase gene products suffice for coronavirus discontinuous transcription Nucleotide sequence of the human coronavirus 229E RNA polymerase locus The complete sequence (22 kilobases) of murine coronavirus gene 1 encoding the putative proteases and RNA polymerase Characterization of a novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome The genome sequence of the SARS-associated coronavirus Perspective: The SARS coronavirus: A postgenomic era Mass spectrometric characterization of proteins from the SARS virus: a preliminary report Coronavirus main protease (3CL pro ) structure: basis for design of anti-SARS drugs Characterization of a human coronavirus (strain 229E) 3C-like proteinase activity Structure of coronavirus main protease reveals combination of a chymotrypsin fold with an extra alpha-helical domain Characterization and mutational analysis of an ORF 1a-encoding proteinase domain responsible for proteolytic processing of the infectious bronchitis virus 1a/1b polyprotein Virus-encoded proteinases and proteolytic processing in the Nidovirales Conservation of substrate specificities among coronavirus main proteases Coronavirus protein processing and RNA synthesis is inhibited by the cysteine protease inhibitor E64d Identification of active-site amino acid residues in the Chiba virus 3C-like protease A 3D model of SARS_CoV 3CL protease and its inhibitors design by virtural screening Small envelope protein E of SARS: cloning, expression, purification, CD determination, and bioinformatics analysis Molecular Cloning: a Laboratory Manual Identification of differentially expressed proteins between human hepatoma and normal liver cell lines by two-dimensional electrophoresis and liquid chromatography-ion trap mass spectrometry Coronavirus main proteases employ conserved cysteine and histidine residues in the catalytic site and lack acidic active site residue [6, [19]
    keywords: coli; coronavirus; expression; pro; protease; purification; sars_3cl
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        item: #2376 of 5187
          id: cord-298426-hhly45md
      author: Zhang, Shan-Yan
       title: Clinical characteristics of different subtypes and risk factors for the severity of illness in patients with COVID-19 in Zhejiang, China
        date: 2020-07-08
       words: 3728
      flesch: 48
     summary: Several studies demonstrated that differences in COVID-19 disease prevalence and severity were associated with sex, which was similar to our results Although hemoptysis was an atypical symptom, it was reported that there was COVID-19 patient admitted only with hemoptysis as the initial symptom [18] .
    keywords: cases; clinical; covid-19; illness; patients; sars; severity; study; type
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        item: #2377 of 5187
          id: cord-298440-0pb8ssj2
      author: Rascón-Ramírez, Fernando J
       title: Supra and infratentorial massive strokes in previously healthy young patients with SARS-CoV-2. The role of neurosurgery
        date: 2020-09-06
       words: 1430
      flesch: 45
     summary: COVID-19 patients can develop large-scale ischemic strokes in previously healthy patients without risk factors, especially in patients who develop an acute respiratory distress syndrome (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 patients can develop large-scale ischemic strokes in previously healthy patients without risk factors, especially in patients who develop an acute respiratory distress syndrome (SARS-CoV-2).
    keywords: covid-19; patients; sars; stroke; vertebral
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        item: #2378 of 5187
          id: cord-298441-77w86l8q
      author: Lombardi, Andrea
       title: Characteristics of 1,573 healthcare workers who underwent nasopharyngeal swab for SARS-CoV-2 in Milano, Lombardy, Italy
        date: 2020-06-20
       words: 1439
      flesch: 46
     summary: To answer this question, we reviewed all the 59 nasopharyngeal swab performed in HCWs exposed to confirmed cases of COVID-19 at the 60 Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico located in Milan, the capital 61 of Lombardy, by large the Italian region mostly affected by We assessed 62 frequency of positive tests among symptomatic and asymptomatic HCWs and evaluated the 63 association between occupation, symptoms (type and number), and presence of the infection. The median time from first positive test to a negative test was 27 days (95% CI: 24-30).
    keywords: hcws; symptoms; test; workers
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        item: #2379 of 5187
          id: cord-298461-tyhtdawb
      author: Zhao, L.
       title: COVID-19: Effects of weather conditions on the propagation of respiratory droplets
        date: 2020-05-25
       words: 7836
      flesch: 48
     summary: The transmitting pathway of COVID-19 through respiratory droplets is divided into short-range droplet contacts and long-range aerosol exposure. The transmitting pathway of COVID-19 through respiratory droplets is divided into short-range droplet contacts and long-range aerosol exposure.
    keywords: aerosol; air; conditions; droplet; figure; medrxiv; particles; preprint; transmission; weather
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        item: #2380 of 5187
          id: cord-298482-r7lallv0
      author: De Maio, Flavio
       title: Improved binding of SARS-CoV-2 Envelope protein to tight junction-associated PALS1 could play a key role in COVID-19 pathogenesis
        date: 2020-09-04
       words: 1744
      flesch: 35
     summary: Microbes Infect SARS-CoV-2 spike 2020 Immunoinformatic 281 analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 envelope protein as a strategy to assess cross-protection against 282 COVID-19 Coronavirus envelope protein: current knowledge Coronavirus envelope 286 (E) protein remains at the site of assembly Model of a putative pore: 288 the pentameric α-helical bundle of SARS coronavirus E protein in lipid bilayers A SARS-CoV-2 305 protein interaction map reveals targets for drug repurposing MAFFT: a novel method for rapid multiple sequence alignment based on fast 307 Fourier transform MAFFT multiple sequence alignment software version 7: 309 Improvements in performance and usability A hierarchical 311 approach to all-atom protein loop prediction CHARMM-GUI input 313 generator for NAMD, GROMACS, AMBER, OpenMM, and CHARMM/OpenMM 314 simulations using the CHARMM36 additive force field High 317 performance molecular simulations through multi-level parallelism from laptops to 318 supercomputers Protein and ligand 320 preparation: Parameters, protocols, and influence on virtual screening enrichments Extra 323 precision glide: docking and scoring incorporating a model of hydrophobic enclosure for 324 protein-ligand complexes SARS-CoV2 Envelope protein: non-synonymous 326 mutations and its consequences Structures 328 of the human Pals1 PDZ domain with and without ligand suggest gated access of Crb to the 329 PDZ peptide-binding groove Understanding the nature of variations in structural sequences coding for 331 coronavirus spike, envelope, membrane and nucleocapsid proteins of SARS-CoV-2 Genome composition and divergence 334 of the novel coronavirus ( 2019-nCoV ) originating in China Epithelial barrier function: at the front line of asthma immunology and 337 allergic airway inflammation Epithelial-mesenchymal transition 339 in lung development and disease: Does it exist and is it important? We compared the genomic sequences of E protein of SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV and the closely related genomes of bats and pangolins obtained from the GISAID and GenBank databases.
    keywords: amino; cov-2; pals1; protein; sars; terminal
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        item: #2381 of 5187
          id: cord-298490-p1msabl5
      author: Obukhov, Alexander G.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 Infections and ACE2: Clinical Outcomes Linked With Increased Morbidity and Mortality in Individuals With Diabetes
        date: 2020-07-15
       words: 6509
      flesch: 34
     summary: Increasing gut ACE2 by engineering probiotic species such as Lactobacillus paracasei (LP) to express this recombinant protein was a strategy used to prevent microvascular complications in diabetic mice. LP expressing the secretable ACE2 fused with the nontoxic subunit B of cholera toxin (which acts as a carrier to facilitate transmucosal transport), showed increased ACE2 activities in serum and tissues, and reduced diabetic complications (49) .
    keywords: ace2; ang; at1; cells; cov-2; covid-19; diabetes; gut; patients; protein; ras; receptor; sars; spike
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        item: #2382 of 5187
          id: cord-298505-r7ihqb96
      author: Górski, Andrzej
       title: Sepsis, Phages, and COVID-19
        date: 2020-10-15
       words: 3741
      flesch: 41
     summary: Thus, clinical trials assessing the value of phage therapy in sepsis, including viral sepsis, are urgently needed. In this review, we summarize the progress in treating sepsis with phage therapy over the last three years.
    keywords: blood; cells; covid-19; human; patients; phage; sepsis; therapy; treatment
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        item: #2383 of 5187
          id: cord-298535-wmxlu3l1
      author: Agnihothram, Sudhakar
       title: Evaluation of Serologic and Antigenic Relationships Between Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus and Other Coronaviruses to Develop Vaccine Platforms for the Rapid Response to Emerging Coronaviruses
        date: 2013-11-18
       words: 5046
      flesch: 36
     summary: We noted similar results in Calu-3 cells ( Figure 1D ), and interestingly, an increased amount of a higher-molecular-weight form of S protein (glycosylated dimer) was noted in MERS Eng 1 in both cell lines. Titers of antibody against S protein were consistent from 3 weeks to 5 weeks after illness onset, after which they remained detectable.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov; cross; figure; hku; human; mers; proteins; sars
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        item: #2384 of 5187
          id: cord-298639-v9yg80jw
      author: Chen, Yuxin
       title: High SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Prevalence among Healthcare Workers Exposed to COVID-19 Patients
        date: 2020-06-04
       words: 3378
      flesch: 43
     summary: key: cord-298639-v9yg80jw authors: Chen, Yuxin; Tong, Xin; Wang, Jian; Huang, Weijin; Yin, Shengxia; Huang, Rui; Yang, Hailong; Chen, Yong; Huang, Aijun; Liu, Yong; Chen, Yan; Yuan, Ling; Yan, Xiaomin; Shen, Han; Wu, Chao title: High SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Prevalence among Healthcare Workers Exposed to COVID-19 Patients date: 2020-06-04 journal: J Infect DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.05.067 sha: doc_id: 298639 cord_uid: v9yg80jw Risk analysis revealed that wearing face mask could reduce the infection risk (odds ratio [OR], 0.127, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.017, 0.968), while when exposed to COVID-19 patients, doctors might have higher risk of seroconversion (OR, 346.837, 95% CI 8.924, 13479.434), compared with HCWs exposed to colleagues as well as nurses and general service assistants who exposed to patients.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; hcws; infection; mask; patients; samples; sars
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        item: #2385 of 5187
          id: cord-298669-g2up0cfi
      author: Pollock, David D
       title: Viral CpG deficiency provides no evidence that dogs were intermediate hosts for SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-07-13
       words: 3265
      flesch: 36
     summary: Hence, CpG depletion is not a unique feature of dog viruses or SARS-CoV-2. These results are relevant because they mean that bats and pangolins, the most likely pre-human hosts at present, have equal mechanistic potential to select against viral CpG content as dogs.
    keywords: cov-2; cpg; dogs; host; sars; viruses
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        item: #2386 of 5187
          id: cord-298679-w0yp4u19
      author: Iftimie, Simona
       title: Risk factors associated with mortality in hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. A prospective, longitudinal, unicenter study in Reus, Spain
        date: 2020-09-03
       words: 3589
      flesch: 42
     summary: Wuhan studies report that the incidence of cancer is higher in COVID-19 patients than in the general population [34, 35] . One aspect that caught our attention is that, despite our hospital being the reference center for Oncology in our province, the number of cancer patients infected with COVID-19 was relatively low.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; mortality; patients; sars; study
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        item: #2387 of 5187
          id: cord-298693-x25r0gtt
      author: Advani, Sonali D.
       title: Are we forgetting the “universal” in universal masking? Current challenges and future solutions
        date: 2020-07-16
       words: 846
      flesch: 37
     summary: key: cord-298693-x25r0gtt authors: Advani, Sonali D.; Yarrington, Michael E.; Smith, Becky A.; Anderson, Deverick J.; Sexton, Daniel J. title: Are we forgetting the “universal” in universal masking? Current challenges and future solutions date: 2020-07-16 journal: Infection control and hospital epidemiology DOI: 10.1017/ice.2020.333 sha: doc_id: 298693 cord_uid: x25r0gtt nan Overall, HCP compliance with protective measures such as universal masking often correlates with the level of risk they perceive.
    keywords: hcps; masking; universal
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        item: #2388 of 5187
          id: cord-298696-rsifxvtj
      author: Lim, Meng-Kin
       title: Global response to pandemic flu: more research needed on a critical front
        date: 2006-10-13
       words: 2259
      flesch: 41
     summary: We now know that passengers sitting eight rows away are not any safer, and that out of a total of 40 commercial air flights investigated for carrying SARS infected passengers, five have been found to be associated with probable onboard transmission of SARS, involving 37 passengers in all [4] . The WHO's global influenza preparedness plan merely acknowledges, without elaboration, that air travel might hasten the spread of a new virus, and decrease the time available for preparing interventions [11] while ICAO's current website repeats the same general measures that it had posted for SARS [12] .
    keywords: air; health; influenza; pandemic; sars; transmission; world
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        item: #2389 of 5187
          id: cord-298716-pubhq564
      author: Bryche, Bertrand
       title: Massive transient damage of the olfactory epithelium associated with infection of sustentacular cells by SARS-CoV-2 in golden Syrian hamsters
        date: 2020-06-16
       words: 3563
      flesch: 47
     summary: Anosmia observed in COVID-19 patient is therefore likely to be linked to a massive and fast desquamation of the OE following sustentacular cells infection with SARS-CoV-2 and subsequent recruitment of immune cells in the OE and lamina propria. Interestingly, SARS-CoV-1 (Netland et al., 2008 ) was described as a virus able to use this olfactory pathway.
    keywords: cells; cov-2; fig; infection; olfactory; sars
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        item: #2390 of 5187
          id: cord-298722-rmibv5z7
      author: Abdel-latif, Rania G
       title: Statin therapy and SAR-COV-2: an available and potential therapy?
        date: 2020-05-07
       words: 715
      flesch: 32
     summary: The benefits of statins have been established for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases. The role of statins in reducing cardiovascular risk is not limited to the cholesterol-lowering effect only, but is also due to several pleiotropic mechanisms.
    keywords: patients; statins; therapy
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        item: #2391 of 5187
          id: cord-298725-da71febn
      author: Okuhama, Ayako
       title: Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Hemodialysis Effluent of Patient with COVID-19 Pneumonia, Japan
        date: 2020-11-17
       words: 1438
      flesch: 37
     summary: Comorbidity and its impact on 1590 patients with COVID-19 in China: a nationwide analysis Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan COVID-19 in hemodialysis patients: A report of 5 cases Interim guidance for infection prevention and control recommendations for patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 in outpatient hemodialysis facilities Development of genetic diagnostic methods for novel coronavirus 2019 (nCoV-2019) in Japan Hemodialysis affects phenotype and proliferation of CD4-positive T lymphocytes Continuous renal replacement therapy for a patient with severe COVID-19 Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in different types of clinical specimens Blood purification for critical illness: cytokines adsorption therapy Aerosol and surface stability of SARS-CoV-2 as compared with SARS-CoV-1 US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Recommendations for preventing transmission of infections among chronic hemodialysis patients Tokyo 162-8655, Japan; email: ishikanemasahiro@gmail.com
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; hemodialysis; patient; sars
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        item: #2392 of 5187
          id: cord-298734-h286m32c
      author: Xia, Siyu
       title: Long Term Culture of Human Kidney Proximal Tubule Epithelial Cells Maintains Lineage Functions and Serves as an Ex vivo Model for Coronavirus Associated Kidney Injury
        date: 2020-06-29
       words: 4777
      flesch: 42
     summary: Pseudovirion assays demonstrated that SARS-CoV spike (S) protein was able to enter CR cells with luciferase reporter. CR cells (CRCs) maintain differentiation potential and lineage function in vitro Suprynowicz et al. 2012; Zhu et al. 2017) .
    keywords: ace2; cells; cov-2; covid-19; et al; human; kidney; kptecs; sars; study
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        item: #2393 of 5187
          id: cord-298773-vnmc6nqd
      author: Pfeiffer, Julie K.
       title: Is the Debate and “Pause” on Experiments That Alter Pathogens with Pandemic Potential Influencing Future Plans of Graduate Students and Postdoctoral Fellows?
        date: 2015-01-20
       words: 1715
      flesch: 46
     summary: After learning more about the debate, 5% said that they were more likely to work on influenza, SARS, or MERS virus in the future, 28% said that they were less likely to work on influenza, SARS, or MERS virus in the future, and 51% said that they were equally likely to work on influenza, SARS, or MERS virus in the future. Twenty-eight percent of respondents (33% of virologists [42 trainees]) said that they are less likely to work on influenza, SARS, or MERS virus in the future.
    keywords: debate; future; pause; research
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        item: #2394 of 5187
          id: cord-298777-hit7rs6q
      author: Zhang, Linjie
       title: What we know so far about Coronavirus Disease 2019 in children: A meta‐analysis of 551 laboratory‐confirmed cases
        date: 2020-06-10
       words: 3876
      flesch: 50
     summary: We selected randomized trials, observational studies, case series or case reports, and research letters of children ages birth to 18 years with laboratory‐confirmed COVID‐19. Since the first papers published on 24 January 2020, 2,5,6 there has been a growing number of publications related to However, the number of studies in children is still limited, and most of them were case series or case reports with a small number of patients.
    keywords: case; children; coronavirus; covid-19; patients; series
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        item: #2395 of 5187
          id: cord-298850-tgxfki7n
      author: Figuero-Pérez, Luis
       title: Anakinra as a potential alternative in the treatment of severe acute respiratory infection associated with SARS-CoV-2 refractory to tocilizumab
        date: 2020-10-15
       words: 1030
      flesch: 39
     summary: We present a case report of a 51-year-old man diagnosed with severe respiratory infection associated with SARS-CoV-2 that was refractory to antiviral and anti-IL-6 treatment, with a favourable clinical outcome and analytical improvement after treatment with anti-IL-1 (anakinra). The use of anti-IL-6 antibodies in the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection is currently under study, being one of the current pillars of COVID-19 disease treatment.
    keywords: cov-2; infection; sars; tocilizumab; treatment
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        item: #2396 of 5187
          id: cord-298866-dzatps7b
      author: Licskai, Christopher
       title: Key highlights from the Canadian Thoracic Society’s Position Statement on the Optimization of Asthma Management during the COVID-19 Pandemic
        date: 2020-05-28
       words: 1546
      flesch: 41
     summary: Most studies to date suggest that asthma patients have no greater risk of acquiring COVID-19 than the general population. In the largest studies published to date with 44,672 patients (China) and 5,700 patients (United States of America) respectively, the prevalence of asthma in the COVID-19 population was below or approximated the expected general population prevalence; asthma patients were not over-represented.
    keywords: asthma; covid-19; fees; patients; work
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        item: #2397 of 5187
          id: cord-298886-xidaim04
      author: Leszczyński, Piotr
       title: COVID-19: a short message to rheumatologists
        date: 2020-06-29
       words: 1573
      flesch: 30
     summary: Do patients with rheumatic diseases have a higher risk of being infected with SARS-CoV-2 virus and developing COVID-19 disease? In the first case in the analyzed group of patients with rheumatic diseases (n = 320), only four cases of COVID-19 disease were confirmed.
    keywords: covid-19; disease; patients; sars; treatment
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        item: #2398 of 5187
          id: cord-298894-t5hyfum3
      author: Rifino, Nicola
       title: Neurologic manifestations in 1760 COVID-19 patients admitted to Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
        date: 2020-10-07
       words: 4694
      flesch: 41
     summary: Although soon after all Italian regions reported patients with COVID-19, the highest number of cases was in Eastern Lombardy [2] , specifically in the Bergamo's province with 11,313 confirmed COVID-19 patients up to April 30th 2020 Patients with peripheral nervous system involvement had more frequently severe ARDS compared to patients with cerebrovascular disease (87.1% vs 42%; difference = 45.1% 95% CI 42.0–48.2; χ(2)= 14.306; p < 0.0002) and with altered mental status (87.1% vs 55.6%; difference = 31.5% 95% CI 27.5–37.5%; χ(2)= 7.055; p < 0.01).
    keywords: acute; cases; cov-2; covid-19; csf; disease; infection; involvement; patients; sars; study
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        item: #2399 of 5187
          id: cord-298899-lkrmg5qr
      author: Xie, Yewei
       title: Epidemiologic, clinical, and laboratory findings of the COVID-19 in the current pandemic: systematic review and meta-analysis
        date: 2020-08-31
       words: 6251
      flesch: 50
     summary: Download today's data on geographic distribution of COVID-19 cases worldwide Characterization and clinical course of 1000 patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in New York: retrospective case series Factors associated with hospital admission and critical illness among 5279 people with coronavirus disease Baseline characteristics and outcomes of 1591 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 admitted to ICUs of the Lombardy region Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult in patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study Ethnicity and COVID-19: an urgent public health research priority COVID-19 sex-disaggregated data tracker-Sex, gender and COVID-19 Clinical features and outcomes of 98 patients hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 infection in Daegu, South Korea: a brief descriptive study Early epidemiological and clinical manifestations of COVID-19 in Japan Clinical, radiological and therapeutic characteristics of patients with COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia Clinical course and potential predicting factors of pneumonia of adult patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a retrospective observational analysis of 193 confirmed cases in Thailand Characteristics, risk factors and outcomes among the first consecutive 1096 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in Kuwait Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan Features of 20 133 UK patients in hospital with covid-19 using the ISARIC WHO clinical characterization protocol: prospective observational cohort study Clinical characteristics of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in Spain: results from the SEMI-COVID-19 network Epidemiology, risk factors and clinical course of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients in a Swiss university hospital: an observational retrospective study COVID-19 in Great Britain: epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the first few hundred (FF100) cases: a descriptive case series and case control analysis Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) early findings from a teaching hospital in Pavia Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in a tertiary care center in Mexico CITY: a prospective cohort study Early experience with COVID-19 patients at academic hospital in southwestern United States Clinical characteristics and morbidity associated with coronavirus disease 2019 in a series of patients in metropolitan Detroit Clinical characteristics of Covid-19 in New York city Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the early phase of the COVID-19 epidemic in Brazil Acute-onset smell and taste disorders in the context of COVID-19: a pilot multicentre polymerase chain reaction based case-control study Utility of hyposmia and hypogeusia for the diagnosis of COVID-19 Selfreported olfactory and taste disorders in patients with severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 infection: a cross-sectional study COVID-19 anosmia reporting tool: initial findings Features of anosmia in COVID-19 Olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions as a clinical presentation of mild-to-moderate forms of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a multicenter European study Neurologic manifestations of hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in Wuhan, China Smell dysfunction: a biomarker for COVID-19. In the US for example, the reasons that turned hospitals into infection hotspots included the overload of COVID-19 patients and inappropriate management against the pandemic in hospitals [29] .
    keywords: cases; characteristics; china; clinical; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; data; disease; novel; patients; sars; study; transmission
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        item: #2400 of 5187
          id: cord-298902-afek8kgr
      author: Li, Xingguang
       title: Transmission dynamics and evolutionary history of 2019‐nCoV
        date: 2020-02-14
       words: 2042
      flesch: 37
     summary: We identified three phylogenetic clusters using the Bayesian inference framework and three transmission clusters using transmission network analysis, with only one cluster identified by both methods using the above genome sequences of 2019‐nCoV strains. Such research could directly influence public health in terms of prevention efforts introduced to reduce virus transmission in real-time.
    keywords: coronavirus; dataset_32; likelihood; ncov; study; transmission
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        item: #2401 of 5187
          id: cord-298920-1lc2xf7u
      author: Bello-Perez, Melissa
       title: Canonical and Noncanonical Autophagy as Potential Targets for COVID-19
        date: 2020-07-05
       words: 6924
      flesch: 34
     summary: In fact, coronaviruses can both induce and inhibit autophagy with interactions at multiple levels within a narrow action area limited by apoptosis and the IFN response. The most contradictory fact, given the close interaction between coronaviral replication and autophagy pathways, is that the knockout of genes encoding autophagy-essential proteins such as ATG5, ATG7, BECN1 or LC3 di not abolish the replication in cell culture of the coronaviruses tested; actually, for many of them, replication was unaffected or increased ( Table 3 ).
    keywords: autophagy; cells; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; ibv; infection; kinase; lc3; membrane; pathway; process; protein; replication; sars
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        item: #2402 of 5187
          id: cord-298967-vjyh1xvh
      author: Bertossi, Dario
       title: Safety guidelines for non‐surgical facial procedures during covid‐19 outbreak
        date: 2020-06-07
       words: 2006
      flesch: 45
     summary: In our largely elective field, both staff and resources should ideally be allocated through careful protocols in order to prevent COVID-19 infection. In response to this pandemic, our focus group has developed a process to stratify procedures and clinical levels with protocols that aim to minimize the risk of contagion and the diffusion of COVID-19 infection.
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; guidelines; infection; patients; procedures; sars
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        item: #2403 of 5187
          id: cord-298989-qk0k2lmz
      author: , Umesh
       title: Identification of new anti-nCoV drug chemical compounds from Indian spices exploiting SARS-CoV-2 main protease as target
        date: 2020-05-13
       words: 3230
      flesch: 43
     summary: SARS-CoV-2 main protease, a potential drug target, crystal structure (PDB-ID: 6Y84) was available and used for docking simulation and identification of potential drug molecule form Indian spices. Both the Alpha ketoamide and Arjun glycoside ligand bound complex are stable and positioned in the range of $2Å, which is close to the apo protein till 47 th ns.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; drug; hydrogen; ligand; protein; sars
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        item: #2404 of 5187
          id: cord-298991-5qae0ege
      author: Aiello, Francesco
       title: Coronavirus disease 2019 (SARS-CoV-2) and colonization of ocular tissues and secretions: a systematic review
        date: 2020-05-18
       words: 3152
      flesch: 45
     summary: Origin and evolution of pathogenic coronaviruses SARS-associated coronavirus Epidemiology and cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Guangdong, People's Republic of China Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Koch's postulates fulfilled for SARS virus A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV): announcement of the coronavirus study group Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China Note from the editors: World Health Organization declares novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) sixth public health emergency of international concern Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Situation Report-22 Coronaviridae Study Group of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) situation Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus Enteric involvement of coronaviruses: is faecal-oral transmission of SARS-CoV-2 possible? Concentration and detection of SARS coronavirus in sewage from Xiao Tang Shan hospital and the 309th Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Identification of a new human coronavirus Human coronavirus NL63, France The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in tears
    keywords: conjunctival; conjunctivitis; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; patients; pcr; sars
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        item: #2405 of 5187
          id: cord-299024-jkqdzt87
      author: Mangner, Norman
       title: Paraneoplastic syndrome and SARS-CoV-2 – incremental effect of two thrombogenic conditions?
        date: 2020-10-21
       words: 1073
      flesch: 31
     summary: This case describes a patient with non-bacterial thrombotic aortic valve endocarditis that developed despite treatment with a factor-Xa-inhibitor and who subsequently suffered a myocardial infarction and two strokes within a short period of time in the context of a paraneoplastic syndrome and asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection. Paraneoplastic syndromes are often linked to increased thrombogenicity; however, non-bacterial thrombotic aortic valve endocarditis is rare even in the situation of cancer.
    keywords: covid-19; infection; sars
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        item: #2406 of 5187
          id: cord-299082-s8bm40vy
      author: Wang, Yueying
       title: Cardiac arrhythmias in patients with COVID‐19
        date: 2020-07-26
       words: 3724
      flesch: 31
     summary: An example of reversible electrical storm Incessant monomorphic ventricular tachycardia during febrile illness in a patient with Brugada syndrome: fatal electrical storm Fhf2 gene deletion causes temperature-sensitive cardiac conduction failure Fever increases the risk for cardiac arrest in the Brugada syndrome Hyperthermia influences the effects of sodium channel blocking drugs in human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes Controversies of renin-angiotensin system inhibition during the COVID-19 pandemic Antihypertensive treatment with ACEI/ARB of patients with COVID-19 complicated by hypertension Angiotensin II and angiotensin 1-7: which is their role in atrial fibrillation? CaMKII as a target for arrhythmia suppression Angiotensin II signal transduction: an update on mechanisms of physiology and pathophysiology COVID-19-related severe hypercoagulability in patients admitted to intensive care unit for acute respiratory failure Cardiac and arrhythmic complications in patients with COVID-19 Cardiac arrhythmias in acute coronary syndromes: position paper from the joint EHRA, ACCA, and EAPCI task force Calcium-calmodulin dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII): a main signal responsible for early reperfusion arrhythmias Acute regional left atrial ischemia causes acceleration of atrial drivers during atrial fibrillation Mechanisms of atrial tachyarrhythmias associated with coronary artery occlusion in a chronic canine model Hydroxychloroquine reduces heart rate by modulating the hyperpolarization-activated current If: Novel electrophysiological insights and therapeutic potential Hydroxychloroquine, a less toxic derivative of chloroquine, is effective in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro Electrophysiologic studies on the risks and potential mechanism underlying the proarrhythmic nature of azithromycin Azithromycin causes a novel proarrhythmic syndrome Toxicity of macrolide antibiotics on isolated heart mitochondria: a justification for their cardiotoxic adverse effect Clinical characteristics of novel coronavirus cases in tertiary hospitals in Hubei Province Clinical characteristics of 140 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan Multilead QT screening is necessary for QT measurement: implications for management of patients in the COVID-19 era Inpatient use of mobile continuous telemetry for COVID-19 patients treated with hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin Expert recommendations for clinical management of myocardial injury associated with coronavirus disease Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: results of an open-label non-randomized clinical trial Breakthrough: chloroquine phosphate has shown apparent efficacy in treatment of COVID-19 associated pneumonia in clinical studies COVID-19) This is followed by a discussion on the underlying mechanisms, with proposals of preventative and therapeutic strategies for treating cardiac arrhythmias in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: acute; arrhythmias; azithromycin; cardiac; clinical; coronavirus; covid-19; patients; sars; syndrome
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        item: #2407 of 5187
          id: cord-299093-zp07aqpm
      author: Harrison, Andrew G.
       title: Mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 transmission and pathogenesis
        date: 2020-10-14
       words: 6401
      flesch: 34
     summary: A first step in understanding SARS pathogenesis A crucial role of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in SARS coronavirus-induced lung injury SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 is an interferon-stimulated gene in human airway epithelial cells and is detected in specific cell subsets across tissues Atlas of ACE2 gene expression in mammals reveals novel insights in transmission of SARS-CoV-2 A Transmembrane Serine Protease Is Linked to the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Receptor and Activates Virus Entry Single-cell RNA expression profiling of ACE2, the receptor of SARS-CoV-2 Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 protects from severe acute lung failure Endocytosis of the receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV spike protein together with virus receptor ACE2 Cigarette smoke exposure and inflammatory signaling increase the expression of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 in the respiratory tract Furin cleavage of the SARS coronavirus spike glycoprotein enhances cell-cell fusion but does not affect virion entry SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 and TMPRSS2 are primarily expressed in bronchial transient secretory cells Tropism, replication competence, and innate immune responses of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 in human respiratory tract and conjunctiva: an analysis in ex-vivo and in-vitro cultures Clinical and virologic characteristics of the first 12 patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the United States High expression of ACE2 receptor of 2019-nCoV on the epithelial cells of oral mucosa Virological assessment of hospitalized patients with COVID-2019 Epidemiology, Genetic Recombination, and Pathogenesis of Coronaviruses The digestive system is a potential route of 2019-nCov infection: a bioinformatics analysis based on single-cell transcriptomes High Prevalence of Concurrent Gastrointestinal Manifestations in Patients with SARS-CoV-2: Early Experience from California Evidence for Gastrointestinal Infection of SARS-CoV-2 Enteric involvement of severe acute respiratory syndromeassociated coronavirus infection Evidence of Airborne Transmission of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Virus Transmission of SARS and MERS coronaviruses and influenza virus in healthcare settings: the possible role of dry surface contamination Role of air distribution in SARS transmission during the largest nosocomial outbreak in Hong Kong Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China Early Transmission Dynamics in Wuhan, China, of Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster Quantifying SARS-CoV-2 transmission suggests epidemic control with digital contact tracing Presymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infections and Transmission in a Skilled Nursing Facility SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load in Upper Respiratory Specimens of Infected Patients Viral load of SARS-CoV-2 in clinical samples Estimating the asymptomatic proportion of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases on board the Diamond Princess cruise ship CT imaging and clinical course of asymptomatic cases with COVID-19 pneumonia at admission in Wuhan Transmission of 2019-nCoV Infection from an Asymptomatic Contact in Germany The clinical feature of silent infections of novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in Wenzhou Possible modes of transmission of Novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2: a review SARS: experience at Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong Aerodynamic analysis of SARS-CoV-2 in two Wuhan hospitals Aerosol and Surface Stability of SARS-CoV-2 as Compared with SARS-CoV-1 Air, Surface Environmental, and Personal Protective Equipment Contamination by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) From a Symptomatic Patient Characteristics of pediatric SARS-CoV-2 infection and potential evidence for persistent fecal viral shedding A Novel Coronavirus Associated with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Clinical features and viral diagnosis of two cases of infection with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus: a report of nosocomial transmission Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Outcomes of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients Recently Recovered From Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Hospitalized and Critically Ill Children and Adolescents with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) at a Tertiary Care Medical Center The Twilight of Immunity: Emerging Concepts in Aging of the Immune System Estimating clinical severity of COVID-19 from the transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China The aging transcriptome and cellular landscape of the human lung in relation to SARS-CoV-2 Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in 104 people with SARS-CoV-2 infection on the Diamond Princess cruise ship: a retrospective analysis Clinical characteristics of 82 cases of death from COVID-19 Risk Factors Associated With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Death in Patients With Coronavirus Disease Clinical features of COVID-19 in elderly patients: A comparison with young and middle-aged patients Acute SARS-CoV-2 Infection Impairs Dendritic Cell and T Cell Responses Cellular Immune Responses to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) Infection in Senescent BALB/c Mice: CD4+ T Cells Are Important in Control of SARS-CoV Infection Evasion by Stealth: Inefficient Immune Activation Underlies Poor T Cell Response and Severe Disease in SARS-CoV-Infected Mice Single-cell landscape of bronchoalveolar immune cells in patients with COVID-19 Dysregulation of immune response in patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China Imbalanced host response to SARS-CoV-2 drives development of COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 activates lung epithelia cell proinflammatory signaling and leads to immune dysregulation in COVID-19 patients by single-cell sequencing The clinical pathology of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): a report from China Lung pathology of fatal severe acute respiratory syndrome Clinical predictors of mortality due to COVID-19 based on an analysis of data of 150 patients from Wuhan, China Cytokine release syndrome in severe COVID-19 Pathogenic human coronavirus infections: causes and consequences of cytokine storm and immunopathology C-reactive protein: Ligands, receptors and role in inflammation Neutrophil extracellular traps in COVID-19 Endothelial cell infection and endotheliitis in COVID-19 Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study Abnormal coagulation parameters are associated with poor prognosis in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia SARS coronavirus pathogenesis: host innate immune responses and viral antagonism of interferon Interaction of SARS and MERS Coronaviruses with the Antiviral Interferon Response Impaired type I interferon activity and inflammatory responses in severe COVID-19 patients Regulation of IRF-3 dependent innate immunity by the Papainlike protease domain of the SARS coronavirus Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Papain-Like Protease Ubiquitin-Like Domain and Catalytic Domain Regulate Antagonism of IRF3 and NF-κB Signaling Crystal Structure of the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Papain-like Protease Bound to Ubiquitin Facilitates Targeted Disruption of Deubiquitinating Activity to Demonstrate Its Role in Innate Immune Suppression Interleukin-1β Induces mtDNA Release to Activate Innate Immune Signaling via cGAS-STING Coronavirus Papain-like Proteases Negatively Regulate Antiviral Innate Immune Response through Disruption of STING-Mediated Signaling Activation and evasion of type I interferon responses by SARS-CoV-2 Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus protein nsp1 is a novel eukaryotic translation inhibitor that represses multiple steps of translation initiation Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus nsp1 Inhibits Host Gene Expression by Selectively Targeting mRNAs Transcribed in the Nucleus while Sparing mRNAs of Cytoplasmic Origin Structural basis for translational shutdown and immune evasion by the Nsp1 protein of SARS-CoV-2 Evasion of type- Indeed, similar inflammatory milieux have been associated with severe lung pathology in SARS patients, along with the notable 'cytokine storm' that can present in critically ill COVID-19 patients [83, 84]
    keywords: ace2; cell; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; human; infection; lung; patients; respiratory; sars; syndrome; transmission
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        item: #2408 of 5187
          id: cord-299105-3ivzmiqn
      author: Cheng, Yi‐Qiang
       title: Deciphering the Biosynthetic Codes for the Potent Anti‐SARS‐CoV Cyclodepsipeptide Valinomycin in Streptomyces tsusimaensis ATCC 15141
        date: 2006-03-01
       words: 3785
      flesch: 46
     summary: [25] [26] [27] Feeding experiments have identified D-a-hydroxyisovaleric acid (D-Hiv), L-lactic acid (L-Lac) and L-valine (L-Val) as the biosynthetic precursors in VLM biosynthesis. [31, 32] A previous genetic study claimed to have identified two genetic loci that appeared to be involved in VLM biosynthesis in S. levoris A-9, [19] but to date no further results (e.g., gene sequence) have been published or patented.
    keywords: biosynthesis; cluster; dna; domains; gene; nrps; sequence; tsusimaensis; vlm
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        item: #2409 of 5187
          id: cord-299116-1agfnjvq
      author: Bunders, Madeleine
       title: Implications of sex differences in immunity for SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis and design of therapeutic interventions
        date: 2020-08-17
       words: 6274
      flesch: 24
     summary: Increasing data demonstrates that women mount stronger immune responses against viruses and vaccines (Flanagan et al., 2017; Klein and Flanagan, 2016; Ziegler and Altfeld, 2017) , and also exhibit superior immune-mediated tissue repair capacities (Vom Steeg and Klein, 2019) . In general, women develop stronger innate and adaptive immune responses against most viral infections and vaccines (Flanagan et al., 2017; Klein and Flanagan, 2016) , and significant sex differences in the induction of type I IFN responses, B cell functions and T cell functions have been described.
    keywords: ace2; cells; cov-2; covid-19; differences; et al; immune; infection; patients; responses; sars; sex; tissue; women
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        item: #2410 of 5187
          id: cord-299122-djfj4262
      author: Yu, Hua
       title: Selection of SARS-Coronavirus-specific B cell epitopes by phage peptide library screening and evaluation of the immunological effect of epitope-based peptides on mice()
        date: 2007-03-15
       words: 5484
      flesch: 46
     summary: B cell epitopes are defined as regions on the surface of the native antigen that are recognized and bind to B cell receptors or specific antibodies. In addition, S and M proteins were important surface antigens of SARS-CoV confirmed by our results of immunoselection of B cell epitopes.
    keywords: anti; cells; cov; epitopes; igg; mice; peptides; phage; protein; sars
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        item: #2411 of 5187
          id: cord-299133-09mbiqrr
      author: Smither, Sophie J.
       title: Experimental aerosol survival of SARS-CoV-2 in artificial saliva and tissue culture media at medium and high humidity
        date: 2020-06-22
       words: 1393
      flesch: 50
     summary: Although the infectious dose in humans is not known, these experimentally derived decay rates suggest that if the virus is produced within small particle aerosols it may remain viable for at least 90 min. In summary, this study adds to our understanding of viral stability in small particle aerosols.
    keywords: aerosol; cov-2; min; sars
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        item: #2412 of 5187
          id: cord-299148-uge5uodk
      author: Wang, Qiang
       title: A Method To Prevent SARS-CoV-2 IgM False Positives in Gold Immunochromatography and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays
        date: 2020-05-26
       words: 2879
      flesch: 38
     summary: The presence of RF-IgM at mid-to-high levels could lead to false-positive reactivity of SARS-CoV-2 IgM detected using GICA and ELISA, and urea dissociation tests would be helpful in reducing SARS-CoV-2 IgM false-positive results. Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 IgM results and detection performance before and after urea dissociation test of GICA.
    keywords: cov-2; dissociation; igm; positive; results; sars; urea
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        item: #2413 of 5187
          id: cord-299156-1dwsm3ie
      author: Shemer, Asaf
       title: Ocular involvement in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a clinical and molecular analysis
        date: 2020-09-14
       words: 3521
      flesch: 52
     summary: It should also be noted that when COVID-19 patients were questioned on redness or discharge in the 30 days prior to admission, five (Patients #2, #3 and three additional patients) responded positively (compared to none in the control group, p = 0.001, Table 3 ). COVID-19 patients were clinically categorized to mild, moderate or severe on a daily basis according to a risk assessment calculated using the Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS)
    keywords: conjunctival; cov-2; covid-19; disease; patients; sars
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        item: #2414 of 5187
          id: cord-299308-gza1pwx6
      author: Laxminarayan, Ramanan
       title: Is Gradual and Controlled Approach to Herd Protection a Valid Strategy to Curb the COVID-19 Pandemic?
        date: 2020-05-06
       words: 1558
      flesch: 47
     summary: Globally, there are two broad approaches to taming the epidemic: by imposing lockdowns and other forced physical distancing measures to 'flatten the curve',or allowing 'herd immunity' by allowing for a graded acquisition of immunity. The epidemic will decline when herd immunity reaches sufficient level, determined by calculation based on the basic reproduction number, Ro.
    keywords: covid-19; herd; immunity; sars
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        item: #2415 of 5187
          id: cord-299333-qu0bmov5
      author: Reddy, Gireesh B.
       title: Clinical Characteristics and Multisystem Imaging Findings of COVID-19: An Overview for Orthopedic Surgeons
        date: 2020-08-17
       words: 4421
      flesch: 28
     summary: The most common abdominal imaging findings in COVID-19 ICU patients include small and large bowel wall thickening, non-enhancing bowel, pneumatosis, portal venous gas, and bowel perforation, all related to bowel and mesenteric ischemia, infarction, and necrosis ( Fig. 14) In addition to the widely known pulmonary symptoms, COVID-19 patients may initially present with atypical neurologic, gastrointestinal, cardiac, and musculoskeletal imaging findings (Table 1) , which are more likely to be undiagnosed.
    keywords: acute; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; findings; imaging; manifestations; patients; pulmonary; symptoms; syndrome
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        item: #2416 of 5187
          id: cord-299346-f13xly6q
      author: Awad, Mohamed E.
       title: Perioperative Considerations in Urgent Surgical Care of Suspected and Confirmed Coronavirus Disease 2019 Orthopaedic Patients: Operating Room Protocols and Recommendations in the Current Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic
        date: 2020-04-10
       words: 4218
      flesch: 35
     summary: Our recommendations for using face masks and respirators varies depending on the setting and activity ( ½T1 Table 1 Of note, the regular surgical helmet cannot replace the need of respirator while operating on suspected/ confirmed COVID-19 patients. [15] A recent study investigating SARS-CoV-2 from clinical specimens found that RNA virus detected in blood samples from confirmed COVID-19 patients (3 of 307; 1%).
    keywords: care; contamination; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; face; pandemic; patients; ppe; risk; use
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        item: #2417 of 5187
          id: cord-299354-rmjohbse
      author: Chen, Fu-Lun
       title: Co-infection with an atypical pathogen of COVID-19 in a young
        date: 2020-05-21
       words: 128
      flesch: 12
     summary: The article by Jean et al. 1 Treatment options for COVID-19: The reality and challenges Rates of Co-infection Between SARS-CoV-2 and Other Respiratory Pathogens Emerging threats from zoonotic coronaviruses-from SARS and MERS to 2019-nCoV Recommendations and guidelines for the treatment of pneumonia in Taiwan Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China key: cord-299354-rmjohbse authors: Chen, Fu-Lun; Wang, Cheng-Hui; Hung, Ching-Sheng; Su, Ying-Shih; Lee, Wen-Sen title: Co-infection with an atypical pathogen of COVID-19 in a young date: 2020-05-21 journal: J Microbiol Immunol Infect DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2020.05.007 sha: doc_id: 299354 cord_uid: rmjohbse nan Dear Editor:
    keywords: sars
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        item: #2418 of 5187
          id: cord-299422-s5evsj96
      author: Abdollahi, Alireza
       title: The Novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Vulnerability Association with ABO/Rh Blood Types
        date: 2020-05-23
       words: 2913
      flesch: 41
     summary: Previous researches have proved the potential role of ABO blood groups on a host's genetic susceptibility to various viral diseases such as influenza, Ebola, enteric viruses, and SARS-CoV infections (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) . Further studies are required to determine the exact mechanism through which ABO blood group influences COVID-19 susceptibility, which could be helpful in patient management and disease control.
    keywords: abo; blood; covid-19; group; histo; patients; sars; susceptibility
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        item: #2419 of 5187
          id: cord-299432-lbv69du4
      author: Franklin, Alan B.
       title: Spillover of SARS-CoV-2 into novel wild hosts in North America: A conceptual model for perpetuation of the pathogen
        date: 2020-05-12
       words: 2106
      flesch: 38
     summary: We use the existing literature on human coronaviruses, including SARS CoV, to support the potential pathways and mechanisms in the conceptual model. For example, MERS coronavirus was detected in 14.6% and 2.4% of fecal and urine samples, respectively, from 37 infected individuals (Corman et al. 2015) , while SARS CoV was shed in the feces of 56 infected individuals for a median of 27 days, with 4 individuals shedding for over 100 days (Liu et al. 2004 ).
    keywords: coronaviruses; cov-2; sars; wildlife
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        item: #2420 of 5187
          id: cord-299443-nggl87u6
      author: Stockman, Lauren J.
       title: Coronavirus Antibodies in Bat Biologists
        date: 2008-06-17
       words: 1011
      flesch: 47
     summary: If the antibodies were induced by a SARS-like CoV infection, we would expect to have also detected antibodies against recombinant S protein (9) or recombinant fragments representing antigenically distinct regions of the N protein of SARS-CoV. To address the possibility that the antibodies from this serum sample were not specifi c to SARS-CoV, we tested it against recombinant N proteins of human CoVs, HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, NL63, and HKU-1.
    keywords: cov; protein; sars
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        item: #2421 of 5187
          id: cord-299449-226dd23u
      author: Bernhardt, Denise
       title: Neuro-oncology Management During the COVID-19 Pandemic With a Focus on WHO Grade III and IV Gliomas
        date: 2020-05-05
       words: 4203
      flesch: 34
     summary: Results of a phase II study Short Course versus Standard Course of Radiotherapy in Glioblastoma Multiforme Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study Gene Silencing and Benefit From Temozolomide in Glioblastoma Central nervous system cancers, version 1.2017 featured updates to the NCCN guidelines Temozolomide chemotherapy alone versus radiotherapy alone for malignant astrocytoma in the elderly: the NOA-08 randomised Pulmonary Toxicity of Cytotoxic and Immunosuppressive Agents: A Review Lomustine-temozolomide combination therapy versus standard temozolomide therapy in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma with methylated MGMT promoter (CeTeG/NOA-09): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial Effect of Tumor-Treating Fields Plus Maintenance Temozolomide vs Maintenance Temozolomide Alone on Survival in Patients With Glioblastoma Maintenance therapy with tumor-Treating fields plus temozolomide vs temozolomide alone for glioblastoma a randomized clinical trial Dexamethasone in glioblastoma multiforme therapy: Mechanisms and controversies Clinical evidence does not support corticosteroid treatment for This practice recommendation presents a pragmatic framework and consensus-based mitigation strategies for the treatment of HGG patients during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
    keywords: c r; cov-2; p t; pandemic; patients; sars; treatment
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        item: #2422 of 5187
          id: cord-299470-sqqer16k
      author: Chappell, J. G.
       title: Retrospective screening of routine respiratory samples revealed undetected community transmission and missed intervention opportunities for SARS-CoV-2 in the United Kingdom
        date: 2020-08-21
       words: 4497
      flesch: 36
     summary: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.18.20174623 doi: medRxiv preprint Outbreak of pneumonia of unknown etiology in Wuhan, China: The mystery and the miracle WHO Coronavirus Disease Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China Treatment for severe acute respiratory distress syndrome from COVID-19 COVID-19: PCR screening of asymptomatic health-care workers at London hospital Screening of healthcare workers for SARS-CoV-2 highlights the role of asymptomatic carriage in COVID-19 transmission Transmission of 2019-NCOV infection from an asymptomatic contact in Germany Presymptomatic Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 -Singapore Presumed Asymptomatic Carrier Transmission of COVID-19 Virological assessment of hospitalized patients with COVID-2019 Presymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infections and Transmission in a Skilled Nursing Facility Novel coronavirus disease (Covid-19): The first two patients in the UK with person to person transmission First cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the WHO European Region Preliminary analysis of SARS-CoV-2 importation & establishment of UK transmission lineages 8 COVID-19: investigation and initial clinical management of possible cases Effect of changing case definitions for COVID-19 on the epidemic curve and transmission parameters in mainland China: a modelling study An integrated national scale SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance network Human Bocavirus infection and respiratory tract disease identified in a UK patient cohort GitHub -artic-network/artic-ncov2019: ARTIC nanopore protocol for nCoV2019 novel coronavirus hCoV-2019/pangolin: Software package for assigning SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences to global lineages IQ-TREE 2: New Models and Efficient Methods for Phylogenetic Inference in the Genomic Era New algorithms and methods to estimate maximum-likelihood phylogenies: Assessing the performance of PhyML 3.0 A dynamic nomenclature proposal for SARS-CoV-2 to assist genomic epidemiology The incubation period of coronavirus disease 2019 (CoVID-19) from publicly reported confirmed cases: Estimation and application Microreact: visualizing and sharing data for genomic epidemiology and phylogeography Prevalence of Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Narrative Review High prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in repatriation flights to Greece from three European countries Estimating number of cases and spread of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) using critical care admissions Pooling of samples for testing for SARS-CoV-2 in asymptomatic people This work was supported by grants from the Medical Research Council UK (MR/R010307/1 and MR/S009434/1), which are both part of the EDCTP2 programme supported by the European Union, The University of Nottingham Campaign and Alumni Relations Office research donations award and the EU H2020 programme (Project 727393 -PaleBlu). Furthermore, as SARS-CoV-2 testing was initially only available via PHE laboratories, and testing within NHS laboratories was not rolled out until March 2020, this further restricted the capacity to detect early cases and transmission events.
    keywords: case; lineage; march; patient; samples; sars; sequences; testing; virus
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        item: #2423 of 5187
          id: cord-299472-pmqqemku
      author: Yang, Naibin
       title: In-flight Transmission Cluster of COVID-19: A Retrospective Case Series
        date: 2020-03-30
       words: 3594
      flesch: 63
     summary: Patients in our cohort received antiviral treatment, but the types of medicine prescribed varied between patients based on their conditions. Notably, the symptoms of COVID-19 patients infected in this flight were relatively mild, outcomes were inclined to be better, and the risk to passengers was higher compared with transmission of SARS on aircraft [15-17].
    keywords: author; funder; medrxiv; patients; perpetuity; preprint
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        item: #2424 of 5187
          id: cord-299480-mehwd0dk
      author: Liu, Zheng-Xue
       title: Identification of single-chain antibody fragments specific against SARS-associated coronavirus from phage-displayed antibody library
        date: 2005-04-08
       words: 4267
      flesch: 56
     summary: In addition, the direction of SARS research has now moved from identifying the virus and sequencing its genome to analyzing the viral proteins and their roles in virus replication and pathogenesis with the aim to develop new drugs and vaccines against SARS [30] . Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-paradigm of an emerging viral infection Serologic and molecular biologic methods for SARS-associated coronavirus infection Role of China quest to define and control severe acute respiratory syndrome Filamentous fusion phage:novel expression vectors that display cloned antigens on the virion surface Phage antibodies: filamentous phage displaying antibody variable domains Synthetic human antibodies and a strategy for protein engineering Designing and optimising library selection strategies for generating high-affinity antibodies Antibody phage display and its applications Screening phage-displayed random peptide libraries for SH3 ligands Phage display technology: clinical application and recent innovations Phage-displayed and soluble mouse scFv fragments neutralize rabies virus Single-chain antigen-binding proteins A complete map of the human immunoglobulin VH locus Organization of variable region segments of the human immunoglobulin heavy chain: duplication of the D5 cluster within the locus and interchromosomal translocation of variable region segments A map of the human immunoglobulin V (H) locus completed by analysis of the telomeric region of chromosome 14q Generation and characterization of single-chain antibody fragments specific against transmembrane envelope glycoprotein gp46 of maedivirus Properties of a panel of single chain variable fragments against Potato leafroll virus obtained from two phage display libraries Van der Wolf, A. Schots, pSKAP/ S: an expression vector for the production of single-chain Fv alkaline phosphatase fusion proteins, Protein Expr Evaluation of reverse transcription-PCR assays for rapid diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome associated with a novel coronavirus Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): breathtaking progress Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): epidemiology and clinical features Interpretation of diagnostic laboratory tests for severe acute respiratory syndrome: the Toronto experience Amplification method for rapid detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Recombinant protein-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunochromatographic tests for detection of immunoglobulin G antibodies to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus in SARS patients Diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) by detection of SARS coronavirus nucleocapsid antibodies in an antigen-capturing enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Antigenicity analysis of different regions of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus nucleocapsid protein SARS exposure and emergency department workers SARS antibody test for serosurveillance SARS-CoV antibody prevalence in all Hong Kong patient contacts VIROLOGY: The SARS coronavirus: A postgenomic era Infection in vitro with clinically approved antiviral drugs Interferon-b 1a and SARS coronavirus replication
    keywords: antibody; cov; elisa; hrp; phage; sa59b; sars; scfv
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        item: #2425 of 5187
          id: cord-299491-8rfm0jxh
      author: Xiao, Shenglan
       title: Role of fomites in SARS transmission during the largest hospital outbreak in Hong Kong
        date: 2017-07-20
       words: 4768
      flesch: 50
     summary: Birkhäuser Advances in Infectious Diseases BAID Evidence of airborne transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome virus Role of air distribution in SARS transmission during the largest nosocomial outbreak in Hong Kong Multi-zone modeling of probable SARS virus transmission by airflow between flats in Block E Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus on hospital surfaces Detection of airborne severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus and environmental contamination in SARS outbreak units Lethal infection of K18-hACE2 mice infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Pathogenicity of severe acute respiratory coronavirus deletion mutants in hACE-2 transgenic mice Effectiveness of precautions against droplets and contact in prevention of nosocomial transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Except for Pattern 1, the long-range airborne route was predominant, which is consistent with several findings of the similarity between bio-aerosol concentrations and reported attack rates distributions in SARS outbreaks
    keywords: fig; file; fomite; infection; risk; route; sars; transmission
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        item: #2426 of 5187
          id: cord-299499-66qh3r75
      author: Guilamo-Ramos, Vincent
       title: Reconsidering assumptions of adolescent and young adult SARS-CoV-2 transmission dynamics
        date: 2020-09-07
       words: 4203
      flesch: 31
     summary: Research indicates families-parents, in particular-matter in relation to AYA health behavior [32] . Specific guidance for parents regarding communication and monitoring strategies that positively influence AYA health behavior in the context of COVID-19 is sorely needed.
    keywords: aya; cov-2; covid-19; health; sars; testing; transmission; years
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        item: #2427 of 5187
          id: cord-299520-2khjhows
      author: Dalla Volta, Alberto
       title: The Spread of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among the Medical Oncology Staff of ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia: Efficacy of Preventive Measures
        date: 2020-08-18
       words: 2423
      flesch: 44
     summary: In seven HCPs, in which it was possible to trace the person-to-person infection, the contagion occurred as a result of unprotected contacts or partially protected with surgical masks. Adherence to the recommended preventive strategies, in particular, wearing of surgical masks by both the HCPs and the patients, is effective in reducing and preventing the viral spread.
    keywords: hcps; infection; oncology; patients; sars; unit
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        item: #2428 of 5187
          id: cord-299544-r3cqvf0c
      author: de Souza, T. H.
       title: Clinical Manifestations of Children with COVID-19: a Systematic Review
        date: 2020-04-03
       words: 2587
      flesch: 50
     summary: A total of 1112 descriptions of pediatric cases 3,5,10-37 and 6 neonate cases 38-41 of COVID-19 were obtained, being that 639 were males 477 were females, and 2 were not disclosed. Since COVID-19 has a favorable clinical course in children, the importance of pediatric cases is mainly due to epidemiological issues.
    keywords: cases; children; clinical; coronavirus; covid-19; preprint
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        item: #2429 of 5187
          id: cord-299552-rgrm8dil
      author: Bianchi, Martina
       title: Sars-CoV-2 Envelope and Membrane Proteins: Structural Differences Linked to Virus Characteristics?
        date: 2020-05-30
       words: 2089
      flesch: 46
     summary: Development of effective therapeutic and prevention strategies is significantly hampered also by the lack of detailed structural information on virus proteins, although several crystallographic structures of Sars-CoV-2 proteins are now available Indeed, a number of examples have been reported in the scientific literature suggesting how even single point mutations in virus proteins can significantly alter their biology and pathogenesis
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; protein; sars; virus
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        item: #2430 of 5187
          id: cord-299560-np6nfvf2
      author: Hendaus, Mohamed A.
       title: Remdesivir in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a simplified summary
        date: 2020-05-20
       words: 2808
      flesch: 40
     summary: Replication of SARS-CoV-2 depends on the viral RNAdependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) (Elfiky & Azzam, 2020) which is the most probable target of the investigational nucleotide analogue remdesivir (RDV) (Agostini et al., 2018; Jordan et al., 2018; Siegel et al.,2017; Tchesnokov et al., 2019) . RDV exhibits broad-spectrum antiviral activity against RNA viruses, and former studies with RdRps from Ebola virus (EBOV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) have shown that delayed chain-termination is RDV's conceivable mechanism of action ( Figure 2 ) (Agostini et al., 2018; Jordan et al., 2018; Siegel et al.,2017; Tchesnokov et al., 2019) .
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; et al; patients; rdv; rna; sars
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        item: #2431 of 5187
          id: cord-299565-shlhreve
      author: Sweileh, Waleed M.
       title: Global research trends of World Health Organization’s top eight emerging pathogens
        date: 2017-02-08
       words: 6059
      flesch: 43
     summary: Emerging infectious diseases in southeast Asia: regional challenges to control Risk of imported Ebola virus disease in China Emergence of Zaire Ebola virus disease in Guinea Ebola virus disease in West Africa-no early end to the outbreak Ebola viral disease outbreak-West Africa Recent outbreaks of rift valley Fever in East Africa and the middle East. Rift valley fever virus: unanswered questions Understanding Rift Valley fever: contributions of animal models to disease characterization and control Rift valley fever virus: a review of diagnosis and vaccination, and implications for emergence in Europe Emerging infections of CNS: avian influenza a virus, rift valley fever virus and human parechovirus Worldwide trends in infectious disease research revealed by a new bibliometric method Statistical methods for the prospective detection of infectious disease outbreaks: a review Comparison of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar: strengths and weaknesses An index to quantify an individual's scientific research output Bibliometrics of global Ebola Virus Disease research as seen through Science Citation Index Expanded during 1987-2015 A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Bibliometric Analysis of Literature on Ebola (1995-2014)
    keywords: articles; coronavirus; countries; diseases; ebola; fever; publications; research; sars; syndrome; vaccine; virus
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        item: #2432 of 5187
          id: cord-299635-bxdf27sv
      author: Squire, M. M.
       title: Modeling Hospital Energy and Economic Costs for COVID-19 Infection Control Interventions
        date: 2020-08-24
       words: 5095
      flesch: 43
     summary: Hence, we developed a methodology that investigated hospital energy demands and secondary transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 pathogen specifically in the COVID-19 pandemic context. Casini found that when pulsed xenon UV light was used in hospital rooms following standard operating cleaning procedures, there was a 100% reduction in pathogens from frequently used surfaces [28] .
    keywords: author; covid-19; energy; funder; hospital; license; medrxiv; patient; peer; preprint; review
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        item: #2433 of 5187
          id: cord-299679-6z9e5gi6
      author: Rello, Jordi
       title: Clinical phenotypes of SARS-CoV-2: implications for clinicians and researchers
        date: 2020-05-21
       words: 1965
      flesch: 34
     summary: The facts during the third epidemic Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study Coagulopathy and antiphospholipid antibodies in patients with covid-19 Anticoagulant treatment is associated with decreased mortality in severe coronavirus disease in patients with coagulopathy Endemic human coronaviruses in hospitalized adults with community-acquired pneumonia: results from the Louisville Pneumonia Study Towards precision medicine in sepsis: a position paper from the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a critical care perspective beyond China Utility of point-of-care lung ultrasound for initial assessment of acute respiratory distress syndrome patients in the emergency department COVID-19 pneumonia different respiratory treatment for different phenotypes? Testing for respiratory viruses in adults with severe lower respiratory infections Clinical and CT features in pediatric patients with COVID-19 infection: different points from adults Severe 2009 A/H1N1v influenza in pregnant women in Spain Coronaviruses and immunosuppressed patients.
    keywords: acute; hypoxaemia; lung; patients; phenotype; sars
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        item: #2434 of 5187
          id: cord-299711-m5gb03is
      author: Udrea, Ana-Maria
       title: Laser irradiated phenothiazines: New potential treatment for COVID-19 explored by molecular docking
        date: 2020-08-15
       words: 2196
      flesch: 47
     summary: Compounds that have no biological activity or low biological activities are: (i) the antihistaminic drugs promethazine, thiazinam and isothipendyl; (ii) CPZ photoproducts PZ and P2 compound. Our results reveal that thioridazine and its identified photoproducts (mesoridazine and sulforidazine) have high biological activity on the virus M(pro).
    keywords: activity; cov-2; cpz; docking; photoproducts; sars
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        item: #2435 of 5187
          id: cord-299781-9d5g5xaw
      author: Hrusak, Ondrej
       title: Flash Survey on SARS-CoV-2 Infections in Pediatric Patients on anti-Cancer Treatment
        date: 2020-04-07
       words: 2380
      flesch: 43
     summary: Intensive Care Med SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children Novel Coronavirus Infection in Hospitalized Infants Under 1 Year of Age in China A Case Series of children with 2019 novel coronavirus infection: clinical and epidemiological features Detection of Covid-19 in Children in Early Epidemiological Characteristics of 2143 Pediatric Patients With 2019 Coronavirus Disease in China Clinical features of severe pediatric patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in Wuhan: a single center's observational study Korean Society for Antimicrobial Therapy, Korean Society for Healthcare-associated Infection Control and Prevention Characteristics and outcomes of coronavirus infection in children: Immunosuppressed children are recommended to be isolated from general pediatric patients, where possible.
    keywords: children; covid-19; disease; infection; patients; sars
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        item: #2436 of 5187
          id: cord-299783-8ti6r0eh
      author: Bruni, M.
       title: Persistence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in non-hospitalized COVID-19 convalescent health care workers
        date: 2020-08-01
       words: 3287
      flesch: 38
     summary: In order to measure the presence and evolution of antibody responses against different viral proteins, we set up and validated an in-house direct ELISA assay based on three distinct SARS-CoV-2 viral antigens, i.e. eukaryotically-expressed RBD and Spike and bacterially-expressed Nucleocapsid protein. Noteworthy, in non-severe COVID-19 infections, antibody titers against RBD and Spike, but not against the N protein, as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines decreased within a month after viral clearance.
    keywords: antibody; cov-2; covid-19; patients; protein; sars; sera; spike
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        item: #2437 of 5187
          id: cord-299810-e57pwgnx
      author: Martelloni, Gabriele
       title: Modelling the downhill of the Sars-Cov-2 in Italy and a universal forecast of the epidemic in the world
        date: 2020-07-01
       words: 3029
      flesch: 53
     summary: Analysis of the evolution of the Sars-Cov-2 in Italy, the role of the asymptomatics and the success of Logistic model Early Phylogenetic Estimate of the Effective Reproduction Number Of Sars-CoV-2 Emerging coronaviruses: Genome structure, replication, and pathogenesis Data analysis on Coronavirus spreading by macroscopic growth laws CoViD19: An Automatic, Semiparametric Estimation Method for the Population Infected in Italy Analysis and forecast of COVID-19 spreading in China A Poisson Autoregressive Model to Understand COVID-19 Contagion Dynamics, ssrn -abstract-id=3551626 CDC COVID-19 Response Team, Severe Outcomes Among Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) -United States How macroscopic laws describe complex dynamics: asymptomatic population and CoviD-19 spreading Notice sur la loi que la population poursuit dans son accroissement On the nature of the function expressive of the law of human mortality and a new mode of determining life contingencies [2] Many growth models have been very recently applied to study the evolution of the Covid-19 infection
    keywords: infected; italy; model; number
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        item: #2438 of 5187
          id: cord-299835-92karhpl
      author: Ho, Khek Y.
       title: Mild Illness Associated with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection: Lessons from a Prospective Seroepidemiologic Study of Health-Care Workers in a Teaching Hospital in Singapore
        date: 2004-02-17
       words: 3528
      flesch: 48
     summary: The present study is the first to document SARS infection in HCWs with normal chest radiographs. The second important finding we observed is that individuals who did not have direct contact with patients with SARS also both developed clinical SARS and experienced seroconversion with milder illness.
    keywords: contact; hcws; hospital; patients; samples; sars; syndrome
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        item: #2439 of 5187
          id: cord-299853-pvugij9l
      author: Patil, Uday P.
       title: Newborns of COVID-19 mothers: short-term outcomes of colocating and breastfeeding from the pandemic’s epicenter
        date: 2020-08-10
       words: 1219
      flesch: 49
     summary: key: cord-299853-pvugij9l authors: Patil, Uday P.; Maru, Sheela; Krishnan, Parvathy; Carroll-Bennett, Rachel; Sanchez, Joselito; Noble, Lawrence; Wasserman, Randi title: Newborns of COVID-19 mothers: short-term outcomes of colocating and breastfeeding from the pandemic’s epicenter date: 2020-08-10 journal: J Perinatol DOI: 10.1038/s41372-020-0765-3 sha: doc_id: 299853 cord_uid: pvugij9l nan The United States of America has been severely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic during the spring of 2020 Descriptive statistics on the newborns of positive mothers along with maternal data is presented as overall results and percentages.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; mothers; newborns
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        item: #2440 of 5187
          id: cord-299899-is815pol
      author: He, Jingjing
       title: Proportion of asymptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19): a systematic review and meta‐analysis
        date: 2020-07-21
       words: 2581
      flesch: 37
     summary: While a variety of studies on asymptomatic infection have been reported, the proportion of asymptomatic patients in confirmed COVID-19 cases is not well characterized. Asymptomatic COVID‐19 patients could have abnormal laboratory and radiational manifestations which can be used as screening strategies to identify asymptomatic infection.
    keywords: asymptomatic; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; infection; patients; sars
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        item: #2441 of 5187
          id: cord-299911-v95pf3eg
      author: El-Ghiaty, Mahmoud A.
       title: Cytochrome P450-mediated drug interactions in COVID-19 patients: current findings and possible mechanisms
        date: 2020-06-26
       words: 5332
      flesch: 31
     summary: IL-1 beta counteracts clofibric acid induction of CYP4A in cultured fetal rat hepatocytes Suppression of CYP2C11 gene transcription by interleukin-1 mediated by NF-kappaB binding at the transcription start site Effects of interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta) and IL-1beta/interleukin 6 (IL-6) combinations on drug metabolizing enzymes in human hepatocyte culture Pretranslational down-regulation of cytochromes P450 2C11 and 3A2 in male rat liver by tumor necrosis factor alpha Nitric oxidemediated inhibition of cytochrome P450 by interferon-gamma in human hepatocytes inactivation by serum from humans with a viral infection and serum from rabbits with a turpentine-induced inflammation: the role of cytokines The interleukin-2 receptor downregulates the expression of cytochrome P450 in cultured rat hepatocytes Decrease in hepatic cytochrome P450 after interleukin-2 immunotherapy In vivo effects of interleukin-10 on human cytochrome P450 activity Down-regulation of the hepatic cytochrome P450 by an acute inflammatory reaction: implication of mediators in human and animal serum and in the liver Cytochrome P450 down-regulation by serum from humans with a viral infection and from rabbits with an inflammatory reaction Effect of interleukin 6 on phenobarbital induction of cytochrome P-450IIB in cultured rat hepatocytes Chauvelot-Moachon L. Effects of interleukin-6 on cytochrome P450-dependent mixed-function oxidases in the rat Interleukin-6 down regulates the expression of transcripts encoding cytochrome P450 IA1, IA2 and IIIA3 in human hepatoma cells Suppression of constitutive cytochrome P-450 gene expression in livers of rats undergoing an acute phase response to endotoxin Selective suppression of cytochrome P-450 gene expression by interleukins 1 and 6 in rat liver Suppression of the constitutive expression of cytochrome P-450 2C11 by cytokines and interferons in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes: comparison with induction of acute-phase genes and demonstration that CYP2C11 promoter sequences are involved in the suppressive response to interleukins 1 and 6 Hepatic cytochrome P450 down-regulation during aseptic inflammation in the mouse is interleukin 6 dependent Involvement of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha in CYP3A11 and 2C29 down-regulation by Bacillus Calmette-Guerin and lipopolysaccharide in mouse liver Modulation of hepatic cytochrome P450s by Citrobacter rodentium infection in interleukin-6-and interferon-{gamma}-null mice Cytochrome P450 and antioxidant activity in interleukin-6 knockout mice after induction of the acute-phase response Transgenic mouse models of human CYP3A4 gene regulation Transcriptional repression of hepatic cytochrome P450 3A4 gene in the presence of cancer Downregulation of drug transport and metabolism in mice bearing extra-hepatic malignancies Extrahepatic cancer represses hepatic drug metabolism via interleukin (IL)-6 signalling Effects of cytokines on CYP3A4 expression and reversal of the effects by anti-cytokine agents in the three-dimensionally cultured human hepatoma cell line FLC-4 Effects of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and an anti-IL-6 monoclonal antibody on drug-metabolizing enzymes in human hepatocyte culture Gene transcription in hepatocytes during the acute phase of a systemic inflammation: from transcription factors to target genes Regulation of cytochrome p450 by inflammatory mediators: why and how? NF-kappaB and the immune response Role of NF-kappaB in the regulation of cytochrome P450 enzymes Mechanism of suppression of cytochrome P-450 1A1 expression by tumor necrosis factor-alpha and lipopolysaccharide Ah receptor and NF-kappaB interactions: mechanisms and physiological implications Modulation of CYP1A2 and CYP3A6 catalytic activities by serum from rabbits with a turpentine-induced inflammatory reaction and interleukin 6 Inhibition of nuclear factor-kappaB signal by pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury Mutual repression between steroid and xenobiotic receptor and NF-kappaB signaling pathways links xenobiotic metabolism and inflammation Role of NF-kappaB in regulation of PXR-mediated gene expression: a mechanism for the suppression of cytochrome P-450 3A4 by proinflammatory agents Pregnane X receptor is required for interleukin-6-mediated down-regulation of cytochrome P450 3A4 in human hepatocytes Is nuclear factor kappa-B the missing link between inflammation, cancer and alteration in hepatic drug metabolism in patients with cancer? = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology Specific ACE2 Expression in Cholangiocytes May Cause Liver Damage After 2019-nCoV Infection Liver injury in COVID-19: management and challenges COVID-19 and Liver Dysfunction: Current Insights and Emergent Therapeutic Strategies COVID-19 and liver disease Systemic viral infections and collateral damage in the liver Kupffer cell-dependent hepatitis occurs during influenza infection Liver involvement during influenza infection: perspective on the 2009 influenza pandemic Complex Drug-Drug Interactions Involving Cytochromes P450: Systematic Review of Published Case Reports and Clinical Perspectives Trends in new drug interactions for pharmaceutical products in Japan Infection and inflammation leading to clozapine toxicity and intensive care: a case series Decreased dromotropic response to verapamil despite pronounced increased drug concentration in rheumatoid arthritis Influence of chronic hepatitis C infection on cytochrome P450 3A4 activity using midazolam as an in vivo probe substrate Drug-disease interaction: Crohn's disease elevates verapamil plasma concentrations but reduces response to the drug proportional to disease activity Variability in drug metabolizing enzyme activity in HIV-infected patients Altered theophylline clearance during an influenza B outbreak The use of imipramine in depressed patients with congestive heart failure Understanding Disease-Drug Interactions in Cancer Patients: Implications for Dosing Within the Therapeutic Window Disease-drug-drug interaction involving tocilizumab and simvastatin in patients with rheumatoid arthritis Disease-Drug Interaction of Sarilumab and Simvastatin in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Evaluation of disease-mediated therapeutic protein-drug interactions between an anti-lnterleukin-6 monoclonal antibody (Sirukumab) and cytochrome P450 activities in a phase I study in patients with rheumatoid arthritis using a cocktail approach A physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling approach to predict disease-drug interactions: suppression of CYP3A by IL-6 Development of a Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model to Predict Disease-Mediated Therapeutic Protein-Drug Interactions: Modulation of Multiple Cytochrome Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model to Assess the Influence of Blinatumomab-Mediated Cytokine Elevations on Cytochrome P450 Enzyme Activity Summary on compassionate use of Remdesivir Gilead Breakthrough: Chloroquine phosphate has shown apparent efficacy in treatment of COVID-19 associated pneumonia in clinical studies The Greek study in the effects of colchicine in COvid-19 complications prevention (GRECCO-19 study): Rationale and study design In vitro metabolism of chloroquine: identification of CYP2C8, CYP3A4, and CYP2D6 as the main isoforms catalyzing Ndesethylchloroquine formation Colchicine--Update on mechanisms of action and therapeutic uses Critical Care Utilization for the COVID-19 Early Experience and Forecast During an Emergency Response Forecasting COVID-19 impact on hospital bed-days, ICU-days, ventilator-days and deaths by US state in the next 4 months Drug-associated disease: cytochrome P450 interactions Baseline Characteristics and Outcomes of 1591 Patients Infected With SARS-CoV-2 Admitted to ICUs of the Lombardy Region Clinical implications from drug-drug and drug-disease interactions in older people An update on the clinical consequences of polypharmacy in older adults: a narrative review
    keywords: activity; covid-19; cyps; cytochrome; disease; drug; expression; hepatic; il-6; liver; p450; patients; response
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        item: #2442 of 5187
          id: cord-299927-ixuvy2g4
      author: Frontera, Jennifer
       title: Global Consortium Study of Neurological Dysfunction in COVID-19 (GCS-NeuroCOVID): Study Design and Rationale
        date: 2020-05-22
       words: 4866
      flesch: 26
     summary: A rapid and pragmatic approach to understanding the prevalence, phenotypes, pathophysiology and prognostic implications of COVID-19 neurological syndromes is urgently needed. CDE development for COVID-19 neurological dysfunction will follow the guidelines set forth by the NINDS CDE project [36, 37, [40]
    keywords: acute; cov-2; covid-19; data; dysfunction; infection; patients; prevalence; sars; study; syndrome; tier
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        item: #2443 of 5187
          id: cord-299940-nvlcwcz8
      author: Rastrelli, Giulia
       title: Low testosterone levels predict clinical adverse outcomes in SARS‐CoV‐2 pneumonia patients
        date: 2020-06-03
       words: 3464
      flesch: 38
     summary: However, in our cohort of men T level was sharply reduced without showing any significant age-dependent modulation, further supporting the view of a potential direct effect of SARS-CoV-2 on testicular function. A study on 6 men (mean age 39 years; ranged from 20 to 58 years old) has previously reported LH and T levels in SARS men.
    keywords: cov-2; infection; levels; men; patients; ricu; sars
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        item: #2444 of 5187
          id: cord-299989-p59u6qa0
      author: Zhang, Lei
       title: Comparative analysis of SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 expression in multiple solid tumors and matched non-diseased tissues
        date: 2020-06-18
       words: 1283
      flesch: 36
     summary: We defined a tumor sample with RPHM  100 for a given virus as virus-positive and examined ACE2 expression across seven tumor types with frequent viral presence according to the previous study (Cao et al., 2016) (Supplementary Table) . (Fig. 3) , suggesting potential viral roles of ACE2 expression in HNSC.
    keywords: ace2; expression
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        item: #2445 of 5187
          id: cord-299999-jra1yu6a
      author: Tattar, R.
       title: COVID PDPs
        date: 2020-05-22
       words: 1631
      flesch: 41
     summary: The bearing COVID-19 has had on clinical activity means that many patients being treated and prepared for cases will be delayed, target case numbers and important clinical exposure will reduce, negatively impacting trainees' progression. Furthermore, many patients who undergo resection of oral cancer require post-operative intensive treatment unit (ITU) beds.
    keywords: cancer; covid-19; dental; pandemic; patients; training
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        item: #2446 of 5187
          id: cord-300018-3uzau7if
      author: Mak, Gannon C.K.
       title: The D614G substitution in the S gene and clinical information for patients with COVID-19 detected in Hong Kong
        date: 2020-07-24
       words: 650
      flesch: 37
     summary: Of 11 severe cases, 4 (36.4%) showed D614G substitution while 39 (38.2%) non-severe cases showed D614G substitution. key: cord-300018-3uzau7if authors: Mak, Gannon C.K.; Lau, Angela W.L.; Chan, Andy M.Y.; Chan, Desmond Y.W.; Tsang, Dominic N.C. title: The D614G substitution in the S gene and clinical information for patients with COVID-19 detected in Hong Kong date: 2020-07-24 journal: J Clin Virol DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104550 sha: doc_id: 300018 cord_uid: 3uzau7if nan In an attempt to understand the relevance of D614G substitution among COVID-19 patients in Hong Kong, full length S gene sequences from severe and non-severe cases were examined.
    keywords: d614; sars
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        item: #2447 of 5187
          id: cord-300024-169g2ih5
      author: Flemming, S.
       title: Abdominal fluid samples (negative for SARS‐CoV‐2) from a critically unwell patient with respiratory COVID‐19
        date: 2020-05-26
       words: 300
      flesch: 31
     summary: key: cord-300024-169g2ih5 authors: Flemming, S.; Hankir, M.; Hering, I.; Meybohm, P.; Krone, M.; Weissbrich, B.; Germer, C.T.; Wiegering, A. title: Abdominal fluid samples (negative for SARS‐CoV‐2) from a critically unwell patient with respiratory COVID‐19 date: 2020-05-26 journal: Br J Surg DOI: 10.1002/bjs.11713 sha: doc_id: 300024 cord_uid: 169g2ih5 nan knowledge indicating that SARS-CoV-2 spreads mainly through respiratory droplets, it is entirely unclear if SARS-CoV-2 can spread to the peritoneal cavity or other bodily fluids 4 . Tracheal secretion and throat swab samples were collected immediately prior to surgery as positive controls.
    keywords: samples; sars
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        item: #2448 of 5187
          id: cord-300040-rvrp5zvv
      author: Dutta, Noton Kumar
       title: Search for potential target site of nucleocapsid gene for the design of an epitope-based SARS DNA vaccine
        date: 2008-06-15
       words: 4694
      flesch: 49
     summary: The result suggests that the truncated recombinant protein except N-terminal of SARS N protein, containing a highly conserved motif, is more useful for designing a DNA vaccine [3, 30] . The truncated recombinant N1 and N3 (but not N2) proteins were identified by Western blotting with mouse SARS N protein antibody (Fig. 1e) .
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; cov; dna; mice; nucleocapsid; protein; pvax; sars; vaccine
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        item: #2449 of 5187
          id: cord-300041-1d9xu4ts
      author: Chen, Sharon C-A
       title: Focus on SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19
        date: 2020-10-08
       words: 1024
      flesch: 29
     summary: Laboratory diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Implementation and evaluation of a novel real-time multiplex assay for SARS-CoV-2: in-field learnings from a clinical microbiology laboratory Virus isolation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) for diagnostic and research purposes Comparative analysis of three laboratory based serological assays for SARS-CoV-2 in an Australian cohort Head-to-head evaluation on diagnostic accuracies of six SARS-CoV-2 serological assays Clinical evaluation of four commercial immunoassays for the detection of antibodies against established SARS-CoV-2 infection Clinical evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 point-of-care tests Laboratory biosafety measures involving SARS-CoV-2 and the classification as a Risk Group 3 biological agent Sample pooling is a viable strategy for SARS-CoV-2 detection in low-prevalence settings SARS-CoV-2 in children: spectrum of disease, transmission and immunopathological underpinnings Accuracy amidst ambiguity: false positive SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid tests when COVID-19 prevalence is low The impact of viral transport media on PCR assay results for the detection of nucleic acid from SARS-CoV-2 Contamination of SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR probes at the oligonucleotide manufacturer Histopathology of cutaneous COVID-19 lesion: possible SARS-CoV-2 cytopathogenic effect Is prostate infarction and acute urinary retention a possible complication of severe COVID-19 infection? Isolation and rapid sharing of the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) from the first patient diagnosed with COVID-19 in Australia Revealing COVID-19 transmission in Australia by SARS-CoV-2 genome sequencing and agent-based modeling Rapid deployment of pathology services to a remote Australian quarantine setting during the COVID-19 pandemic Toronto: The SARS Commission However, by having a single edition, with broad focus on human pathology of SARS-CoV-2 infection, we aim to provide the readers of Pathology with insights from different areas of COVID-19 diagnosis.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; infection; sars
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        item: #2450 of 5187
          id: cord-300046-orlga9qf
      author: Gomes da Silva, J.
       title: Health literacy of inland population in the mitigation phase 3.2. of COVID-19's pandemic in Portugal - a descriptive cohort study
        date: 2020-05-14
       words: 5402
      flesch: 42
     summary: Disease outbreak news Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Outbreak: A Review of the Current Literature The reproductive number of COVID-19 is higher compared to SARS coronavirus Transmission of 2019-nCoV Infection from an Asymptomatic Contact in Germany Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China Identification of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Canada Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China Post-pandemic Assessment of Public Knowledge, Behavior, and Skill on Influenza Prevention Among the General Population of Beijing, China A cross-sectional study of pandemic influenza health literacy and the effect of a public health campaign Diagnóstico e Plano Municipal para a Igualdade Health literacy in Europe: comparative results of the European health literacy survey (HLS-EU) How Often Do You Wash Your Hands? A Tale of Two Epidemics Communication of scientific uncertainty about a novel pandemic health threat: ambiguity aversion and its mechanisms A cross-sectional study of pandemic influenza health literacy and the effect of a public health campaign Community Matters -why outbreak responses need to integrate health promotion Fair Allocation of Scarce Medical Resources in the Time of Covid-19 How will country-based mitigation measures influence the course of the COVID-19 epidemic?
    keywords: covid-19; group; health; individuals; license; literacy; preprint; risk; study
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        item: #2451 of 5187
          id: cord-300063-5jemq8nm
      author: Rane, Jitendra Subhash
       title: Targeting virus–host interaction by novel pyrimidine derivative: an in silico approach towards discovery of potential drug against COVID-19
        date: 2020-07-20
       words: 5877
      flesch: 38
     summary: In the current work, binding free energy (DG binding ) was calculated utilizing the MMPBSA.py script of the AMBER package (Wang et al., 2016) . MM-PBSA was used for the estimation of binding free energy, which describes the conformational stability of ligand at the binding site, molecular interactions and the binding affinity with protein.
    keywords: binding; complex; energy; et al; hace2; ligand; protein; pyrimidine; simulation
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        item: #2452 of 5187
          id: cord-300078-svu06v9c
      author: Haghani, Milad
       title: Covid-19 pandemic and the unprecedented mobilisation of scholarly efforts prompted by a health crisis: Scientometric comparisons across SARS, MERS and 2019-nCov literature
        date: 2020-06-01
       words: 6373
      flesch: 43
     summary: Covid-19 studies seem to have been distributed across a broader variety of journals and subject areas. Covid-19 studies also display the involvement of authors from a broader variety of countries compared to SARS and MRS.
    keywords: cluster; covid-19; items; literature; mers; number; research; sars; studies; terms
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        item: #2453 of 5187
          id: cord-300117-rlpzejjt
      author: Coutard, B.
       title: The spike glycoprotein of the new coronavirus 2019-nCoV contains a furin-like cleavage site absent in CoV of the same clade
        date: 2020-02-10
       words: 3047
      flesch: 35
     summary: Insertion of furin like cleavage site is surrounded by a black frame. However, in the other less pathogenic circulating human CoV, the S2′ cleavage site only exhibits a monobasic R↓S sequence (Fig. 2) with no basic residues at either P2 and/or P4 needed to allow furin cleavage, suggesting a less efficient cleavage or higher restriction at the entry step depending on the cognate proteases expressed by target cells.
    keywords: cleavage; cov; furin; ncov; protein; sars; site
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        item: #2454 of 5187
          id: cord-300138-1s87msv2
      author: Jang, Youngeun
       title: Olfactory and taste disorder: The first and only sign in a patient with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia
        date: 2020-04-20
       words: 712
      flesch: 48
     summary: Genome sequencing showed that the causal agent of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a β-coronavirus belonging to subgenus of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) viruses but a different clade. In ROK, close contacts are tested for SARS-CoV-2 after 14 days of quarantine to exclude asymptomatic infections.
    keywords: cov-2; sars; taste
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        item: #2455 of 5187
          id: cord-300149-djclli8n
      author: Ruan, Yijun
       title: Comparative full-length genome sequence analysis of 14 SARS coronavirus isolates and common mutations associated with putative origins of infection
        date: 2003-05-24
       words: 4358
      flesch: 47
     summary: We compared sequence data generated from the library with human, mouse, and viral genome databases managed at the US National Center for Biotechnology The basic local alignment search tool is a system for searching similar sequences against all available sequence databases irrespective of whether the query is DNA or protein sequences. Associations between the members of the coronaviridae family to the SARS virus were assessed by comparing overlapping fragments of the SIN2500 genomic sequence against a database of coronavirus sequences.
    keywords: analysis; coronavirus; cov; genome; hotel; isolates; protein; rna; sars; sequence; singapore; spike
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        item: #2456 of 5187
          id: cord-300156-ags07bc5
      author: Zhou, Yunyun
       title: Ocular Findings and Proportion with Conjunctival SARS-COV-2 in COVID-19 Patients
        date: 2020-04-21
       words: 824
      flesch: 43
     summary: One patient showed both symptoms and positive conjunctival swab results and was classified as a severe or critical case; 2 patients showed no symptoms but revealed positive swab results, with one classified as a severe or critical case and another was classified as a mild or moderate case. The appearance of symptoms and penlight findings or the results of positive conjunctival swab analysis were not correlated significantly with the duration of disease.
    keywords: conjunctival; patients; results
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        item: #2457 of 5187
          id: cord-300174-5pt9jmyz
      author: Deng, Wei
       title: Therapeutic efficacy of Pudilan Xiaoyan Oral Liquid (PDL) for COVID-19 in vitro and in vivo
        date: 2020-05-08
       words: 1247
      flesch: 43
     summary: According to disease enrichment analyses of PDL ingredients targeted genes in therapeutic target database (TTD), PDL could have the potential effect on the asthma (p = 2.41E−03), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (p = 2.45E−03) which are closely relative to COVID-19 (Supplementary information, Table S1 ). For STRING analysis, protein-protein interaction enrichment between PDL and SARS indicated the physical contacts of high specificity established among these 16 proteins (Fig. 1g , p = 3.82E −14), and the effective ingredients in PDL compounds related to these 16 proteins were analyzed in Supplementary information, Table S2 .
    keywords: cov-2; mice; pdl; sars
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        item: #2458 of 5187
          id: cord-300191-vpc7p0d6
      author: Bektaş, Osman
       title: The relationship between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS - COV - 2) pandemic and fragmented QRS
        date: 2020-07-22
       words: 1928
      flesch: 50
     summary: Spring COVID-19 and the Cardiovascular System: Implications for Risk Assessment, Diagnosis, and Treatment Options Fragmented QRS on a 12-lead ECG: a predictor of mortality and cardiac events in patients with coronary artery disease Fragmented QRS and mortality risk in patients with left ventricular dysfunction TMPRSS2 contributes to virus spread and immunopathology in the airways of murine models after coronavirus infection Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China Clinical characteristics of novel coronavirus cases in tertiary hospitals in Hubei Province Electrophysiologic and anatomic basis for fractionated electrograms recorded from healed myocardial infarcts Significance of a fragmented QRS complex versus a Q wave in patients with coronary artery disease Assessment of nonischemic myocardial fi brosis Fragmented QRS complexes on a 12-lead ECG is a marker of greater myocardial scarring related to coronary artery disease by magnetic resonance imaging Electrocardiogram Predicts Arrhythmic Events in Patients With Ischemic and Nonischemic Cardiomyopathy Heart Rhythm Fragmented QRS complex in healthy adults: Prevalence, characteristics, mechanisms, and clinical implications Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China C-reactive Protein Levels in the Early Stage C-reactive Protein Correlates With Computed Tomographic Findings and Predicts Severe COVID-19 Early Immune cell census in murine atherosclerosis: cytometry by time of flight illuminates vascular myeloid cell diversity Exploring immune checkpoints as potential therapeutic targets in atherosclerosis Clinical progression and viral load in a community outbreak of coronavirus-associated SARS pneumonia: a prospective study Cardiac troponin I in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): evidence from a meta-analysis The aim of the study is to determine the frequency of fragmented QRS (FQRS) in patients with SARS - COV - 2. METHODS:
    keywords: fqrs; levels; patients; sars
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        item: #2459 of 5187
          id: cord-300194-nsp53lv6
      author: Rath, Soumya Lipsa
       title: Investigation of the effect of temperature on the structure of SARS-Cov-2 Spike Protein by Molecular Dynamics Simulations
        date: 2020-06-19
       words: 4305
      flesch: 48
     summary: Spike protein is the outermost structural protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus which interacts with the Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2), a human receptor, and enters the respiratory system. We found that the solvent exposed domain of Spike protein, namely S1, is more mobile than the transmembrane domain, S2.
    keywords: binding; domain; protein; receptor; sars; spike; temperature; virus
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        item: #2460 of 5187
          id: cord-300272-95o8yd7h
      author: Thépaut, Michel
       title: DC/L-SIGN recognition of spike glycoprotein promotes SARS-CoV-2 trans-infection and can be inhibited by a glycomimetic antagonist
        date: 2020-08-10
       words: 6871
      flesch: 40
     summary: Even more noteworthy nowadays, DC-SIGN and L-SIGN (herein after collectively referred to as DC/L-SIGN) have also been reported to be involved in the enhancement of SARS-CoV-1 infection (Jeffers et al., 2004; Marzi et al., 2004; Yang et al., 2004) . Thus, their role in SARS-CoV-2 infection deserves attention and we focused on DC-SIGN and L-SIGN because of their involvement in SARS-CoV-1 infections (Jeffers et al., 2004; Marzi et al., 2004; Yang et al., 2004) .
    keywords: cells; clrs; cov-2; et al; figure; glycan; infection; lectin; protein; sars; sign; spike; surface; type; virus
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        item: #2461 of 5187
          id: cord-300300-jqi4ylrx
      author: Lin, Ray Junhao
       title: From SARS to COVID‐19: the Singapore journey
        date: 2020-05-31
       words: 2614
      flesch: 43
     summary: 2 Professional personnel and training of health care workers in outbreak response were expanded, with the number of infectious disease physicians rising from 11 in 2003 to 73 in 2020. Since the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 to health care workers was reported on 20 January 2020, 23 twicedaily temperature monitoring was mandated for all frontline health care workers in all public hospitals.
    keywords: care; cases; covid-19; health; patients; public; singapore
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        item: #2462 of 5187
          id: cord-300319-9k8zseao
      author: Cinatl Jr., J.
       title: Infection of cultured intestinal epithelial cells with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus
        date: 2004
       words: 3019
      flesch: 35
     summary: The present observations demonstrate that SARS-CoV infection elevated mRNA levels of AP-1 subunits c-Fos and c-Jun in intestinal cells which could also increase AP-1 transactivation. Recently, MIF was identified as a major factor produced by intestinal cells in response to microbial infection regulating macrophage emigration, inflammation and cell metabolism [41] .
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; cov; expression; genes; human; ifn; infection; lines; sars
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        item: #2463 of 5187
          id: cord-300320-07tdrd4w
      author: Siordia, Juan A.
       title: Systematic and Statistical Review of Coronavirus Disease 19 Treatment Trials
        date: 2020-07-15
       words: 4849
      flesch: 42
     summary: key: cord-300320-07tdrd4w authors: Siordia, Juan A.; Bernaba, Michael; Yoshino, Kenji; Ulhaque, Abid; Kumar, Sooraj; Bernaba, Mario; Bergin, Edward title: Systematic and Statistical Review of Coronavirus Disease 19 Treatment Trials date: 2020-07-15 journal: SN Compr Clin Med DOI: 10.1007/s42399-020-00399-6 sha: doc_id: 300320 cord_uid: 07tdrd4w The following systematic review and meta-analysis compile the current data regarding human controlled COVID-19 treatment trials. The following systematic and statistical review assesses the current evidence regarding human controlled COVID-19 treatment trials.
    keywords: arbidol; covid-19; effects; favipiravir; heparin; hydroxychloroquine; lopinavir; patients; ritonavir; studies; treatment
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        item: #2464 of 5187
          id: cord-300322-koqm5yxq
      author: Li, Fang
       title: Interactions Between Sars Coronavirus and its Receptor
        date: 2006
       words: 1713
      flesch: 53
     summary: The final model of the complex contains the N-terminal peptidase domain of human ACE2 (residues 19-615) and the spike RBD of human SARS-CoV (residues 323-502, missing residues 376-381). Lys479 would have steric and electrostatic interference with residues on the N-terminal helix of human ACE2 such as His34.
    keywords: ace2; cov; rbd; receptor; sars
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        item: #2465 of 5187
          id: cord-300324-95fty9yi
      author: Ni Lochlainn, M.
       title: Key predictors of attending hospital with COVID19: An association study from the COVID Symptom Tracker App in 2,618,948 individuals
        date: 2020-04-29
       words: 4273
      flesch: 43
     summary: It is possible that, in contrast to the diagnosis of diabetes, there was substantial underdiagnosis or poor recognition of pulmonary disease in patients with COVID-19 patients described in early Chinese cohort studies. In addition, it is becoming apparent that COVID-19 can cause acute kidney injury (AKI) in COVID-19, and this confers a worse prognosis: a Chinese prospective cohort study (n=701) reported that 44% and 27% of COVID-19 patients had proteinuria and haematuria on admission, respectively, with 5.1% of this cohort developed AKI during their hospital stay (38) .
    keywords: app; covid-19; disease; hospital; infection; patients; preprint; risk; symptoms
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        item: #2466 of 5187
          id: cord-300395-87bl6e38
      author: Behrmann, Ole
       title: Schnellnachweis von SARS-CoV-2 mit recombinase polymerase amplification
        date: 2020-10-14
       words: 1020
      flesch: 48
     summary: Zielgen muss hochspezifi sch sein und einer geringen Mutationswahrscheinlichkeit unterliegen sowie vorzugsweise etwa 1 kb lang sein, um genügend Flexibilität in der Positionierung der RPA-Primer und exo-IQ-Sonde zu gewährleisten. Als Zielsequenz wird ein in vitro-Transkript des SARS-CoV-2 N-Gens hang mit weiteren Designregeln bezüglich Homo-und Heterodimerbildung von exo-Sonde und Primern führt dieses oft zu Einschränkungen in der Wahl der Zielsequenz
    keywords: amplifi; der; die; dna; für; polymerase; rpa; und; von
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        item: #2467 of 5187
          id: cord-300399-21xozruq
      author: Jayamohan, Harikrishnan
       title: SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: a review of molecular diagnostic tools including sample collection and commercial response with associated advantages and limitations
        date: 2020-10-18
       words: 13021
      flesch: 38
     summary: Recent studies on four different commercial antigen tests demonstrated a wide range of sensitivities from 16.7 to 85% (with 100% specificity) in COVID-19 clinical samples [113] . Such methods have been extensively reviewed [44, 163, 164] and will need to be validated with COVID-19 clinical samples.
    keywords: amplification; antibody; antigen; assay; collection; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; crispr; detection; diagnostic; novel; pandemic; patients; pcr; rna; samples; sars; sensitivity; sequencing; swabs; testing; tests
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        item: #2468 of 5187
          id: cord-300423-q2i328sz
      author: Bai, Lei
       title: Co-infection of influenza A virus enhances SARS-CoV-2 infectivity
        date: 2020-10-14
       words: 1475
      flesch: 57
     summary: To study the interaction between IAV and SARS-CoV-2, A549 (a hypotriploid alveolar A549 was converted to be highly sensitive (up to 10,000-fold) against the pSARS-CoV-2 72 virus after different doses of IAV infections (from low MOI of 0.01 to high MOI of 1, also 73 shown by pSARS-CoV-2 with mCherry reporter in Fig. Mice were infected with 3x10 5 PFU of SARS-CoV-2 with or without 90 2000 PFU of IAV pre-infection and were then sacrificed two days later after SARS-CoV-2 91 infection (the experimental scheme is shown in Fig. 2A) .
    keywords: cov-2; iav; infection; sars
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        item: #2469 of 5187
          id: cord-300445-qzu4gz2d
      author: Zhang, Xiao-lei
       title: Pharmacological and cardiovascular perspectives on the treatment of COVID-19 with chloroquine derivatives
        date: 2020-09-23
       words: 7259
      flesch: 34
     summary: Chloroquine phosphate and its derivative hydroxychloroquine, which have been used in the treatment and prevention of malaria and autoimmune diseases for decades, were found to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection with high potency in vitro and have shown clinical and virologic benefits in COVID-19 patients. Later, under a limited emergency-use authorization from the FDA, hydroxychloroquine in combination with azithromycin was used to treat COVID-19 patients in the USA, although the mechanisms of the anti-COVID-19 effects remain unclear.
    keywords: azithromycin; cardiac; cardiovascular; chloroquine; cov-2; covid-19; disease; effects; hydroxychloroquine; infection; injury; patients; risk; sars; treatment
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        item: #2470 of 5187
          id: cord-300458-jeuwaj50
      author: Maisch, Bernhard
       title: COVID-19—What we know and what we need to know: There are more questions than answers
        date: 2020-04-23
       words: 1160
      flesch: 50
     summary: key: cord-300458-jeuwaj50 authors: Maisch, Bernhard; Dörr, Rolf title: COVID-19—What we know and what we need to know: There are more questions than answers date: 2020-04-23 journal: Herz DOI: 10.1007/s00059-020-04929-9 sha: doc_id: 300458 cord_uid: jeuwaj50 nan COVID-19-What we know and what we need to know: There are more questions than answers This collection of short statements from the editors of HERZ/ The electrophysiologists have regularly observed an increase of arrhythmias in myocarditis patients, but it is unclear whether this also holds for ventricular tachycardias in overt cardiac inflammation, which might be cytokine driven.
    keywords: covid-19; pandemic; patients; virus
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        item: #2471 of 5187
          id: cord-300466-sk9iilum
      author: Kong, Wen-Hua
       title: Serologic Response to SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 Patients with Different Severity
        date: 2020-07-23
       words: 2466
      flesch: 42
     summary: In this study, we, compared the results of serologic tests and nucleic acid test (NAT) from a group of COVID-19 patients in Wuhan, and analyzed the serologic IgM and IgG antibody level of patients with different disease severity. In this study, two NMPA approved M-CLIA kits were used to detect the level of SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG antibodies in the serum of COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: antibody; cov-2; covid-19; patients; sars
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        item: #2472 of 5187
          id: cord-300532-4d6fnjt8
      author: Wang, Jiao
       title: Disinfection technology of hospital wastes and wastewater: Suggestions for disinfection strategy during coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in China
        date: 2020-04-24
       words: 6422
      flesch: 30
     summary: With the improvement of hospital wastes and wastewater disinfection technologies, the costs of disinfection will continue to decrease, and secondary pollution to the environment will be gradually controlled. This section first summarizes main types of hospital waste disinfection technologies, including incineration, chemical disinfection and physical disinfection, and then illustrates the proper disinfection technologies used in different situations.
    keywords: china; chlorine; disinfection; et al; hospital; hospital wastes; incineration; system; technologies; technology; temperature; treatment; wastes; wastewater
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        item: #2473 of 5187
          id: cord-300604-xx2d1s41
      author: Li, Juyi
       title: Association between ABO blood groups and risk of SARS‐CoV‐2 pneumonia
        date: 2020-05-26
       words: 797
      flesch: 42
     summary: A patients were at higher risk of hospitalization following SARS-CoV-2 infection, while blood group O patients had lower risk, which suggested that the ABO blood type could be used as a biomarker to predict the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. We still find that the proportion of blood group A in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 was significantly higher than that in healthy controls (38Á0 % vs. 32Á2 %, P < 0Á001), while the proportion of blood group O in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients was significantly lower than in healthy controls (25Á7 % vs. 33Á8 %, P < 0Á001).
    keywords: blood; group
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        item: #2474 of 5187
          id: cord-300608-eju7wnb9
      author: Sheervalilou, Roghayeh
       title: COVID‐19 under spotlight: A close look at the origin, transmission, diagnosis, and treatment of the 2019‐nCoV disease
        date: 2020-05-26
       words: 7424
      flesch: 38
     summary: The first case of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia imported into Korea from Wuhan, China: Implication for infection prevention and control measures Updates on Wuhan 2019 novel coronavirus epidemic Inhibition of human coronavirus 229E infection in human epithelial lung cells (L132) by chloroquine: Involvement of p38 MAPK and ERK Prevalence and risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder: A cross-sectional study among survivors of the Wenchuan Dipeptidylpeptidase IV from bench to bedside: An update on structural properties, functions, and clinical aspects of the enzyme DPP IV Positive RT-PCR test results in patients recovered from COVID-19 Sex differences in clinical findings among patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and severe condition Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirusinfected pneumonia Hypokalemia and clinical implications in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Case of the index patient who caused tertiary transmission of Coronavirus disease 2019 in Korea: The application of lopinavir/ ritonavir for the treatment of COVID-19 pneumonia monitored by quantitative RT-PCR Therapeutic effects of dipyridamole on COVID-19 patients with coagulation dysfunction The reproductive number of COVID-19 is higher compared to SARS coronavirus Molecular epidemiology, evolution and phylogeny of SARS coronavirus Application of artificial neural networks for automated analysis of cystoscopic images: 5.3 | COVID-19 detection tests: Pathogenic laboratory testing, real-time RT-PCR, and sequencing of nucleic acid Table 3 (Ai et al., 2020; Bai et al., 2020; Chen, Zhao, et al., 2020; Shi et al., 2020; Tian et al., 2020; Wang, Kang, et al., 2020; Wu & McGoogan, 2020; Yan et al., 2020; Yang et al., 2020) and Table 4 represent 2020 studies on diagnosis of COVID-19 infected patients and related clinical trials, respectively.
    keywords: cases; china; clinical; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; diagnosis; disease; et al; human; infection; novel; patients; pneumonia; sars; study; treatment
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        item: #2475 of 5187
          id: cord-300625-fvirvpyl
      author: Srinivasan, Suhas
       title: Structural Genomics of SARS-CoV-2 Indicates Evolutionary Conserved Functional Regions of Viral Proteins
        date: 2020-03-25
       words: 5912
      flesch: 32
     summary: The SARS-CoV intra-viral interactome was created using the published data where the SARS-CoV ORFeome was cloned, and a genome-wide analysis of viral protein interactions was performed through yeast-two-hybrid (Y2H) matrix screens [61] . Next, using comparative modeling, we structurally characterized protein interaction complexes for both intra-viral interactions (homo-and hetero-oligomers) and host-viral interactions, where the host proteins were exclusively human.
    keywords: binding; coronavirus; cov-2; host; human; interactions; protein; sars; sequence; sites; structure
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        item: #2476 of 5187
          id: cord-300627-7x4me5lx
      author: Ng, W. F.
       title: The placentas of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome: a pathophysiological evaluation
        date: 2006-06-30
       words: 4397
      flesch: 54
     summary: All placentas of SARS patients were notified and sent to the pathology department for pathological examination. The pathology of the placentas of SARS patients has not been specifically addressed previously.
    keywords: avascular; case; normal; patients; placentas; sars; villi
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        item: #2477 of 5187
          id: cord-300640-9pvhaz8q
      author: Parackova, Zuzana
       title: Disharmonic Inflammatory Signatures in COVID-19: Augmented Neutrophils’ but Impaired Monocytes’ and Dendritic Cells’ Responsiveness
        date: 2020-09-29
       words: 6003
      flesch: 38
     summary: We observed a statistically significant decrease in baseline CD15, HLA-DR, PD-L1, and CD62L expression on COVID-19 neutrophils compared to healthy donors, while CD66b and CD11b expressions were similar to controls ( Figure 1A ). LPS stimulation induced increased PD-L1, HLA-DR, and CD15 surface expression in healthy donors, but significantly less so in COVID-19 neutrophils.
    keywords: cells; clone; covid-19; disease; expression; figure; monocytes; neutrophils; patients; pbmcs; sars; ssrna; stimulation
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        item: #2478 of 5187
          id: cord-300685-bcjnujlj
      author: Poon, Leo L M
       title: Rapid Diagnosis of a Coronavirus Associated with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)
        date: 2003-06-01
       words: 2432
      flesch: 50
     summary: The disease is highly infectious, and attach rates Ͼ56% have been reported in healthcare workers caring for SARS patients (2 ) . Recently, we identified a novel virus in the family Coronaviridae in SARS patients (4 ) .
    keywords: assay; patients; pcr; rna; sars; virus
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        item: #2479 of 5187
          id: cord-300696-alpztpzw
      author: Dilek, Tugce Damla
       title: THE IMPACT OF SARS-COV 2 ON THE ANXIETY LEVELS OF SUBJECTS AND ON THE ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION LEVELS OF THEIR PARENTS
        date: 2020-10-26
       words: 4240
      flesch: 55
     summary: The mean STAI-S scores in MS patients were significantly higher compared to the healthy controls (p=<0.001). Since MS patients have also psychiatric comorbidities, they may need psychosocial support especially in this period.
    keywords: anxiety; children; depression; parents; patients; sars; stai
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        item: #2480 of 5187
          id: cord-300697-p96i25uc
      author: Chen, Taojiang
       title: A severe coronavirus disease 2019 patient with high-risk predisposing factors died from massive gastrointestinal bleeding: a case report
        date: 2020-09-29
       words: 2189
      flesch: 37
     summary: Endoscopy Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Patients with Severe SARS-CoV-2 Novel Insights Into Illness Progression and Risk Profiles for Mortality in Non-survivors of COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Gastrointestinal Infection Causing Hemorrhagic Colitis: Implications for Detection and Transmission of COVID-19 Disease Disease Control and Prevention Bureau of National Health and Health Commission: Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infected pneumonia (Trial Version 7) (in Chinese) Radiological findings from 81 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan The origin, transmission and clinical therapies on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak-an update on the status Effect of regular intravenous immunoglobulin therapy on prognosis of severe pneumonia in patient with COVID-19 High-dose intravenous immunoglobulin as a therapeutic option for deteriorating patients with coronavirus disease 2019 Traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of patients infected with 2019-new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2): a review and perspective Digestive system involvement of novel coronavirus infection: prevention and control infection from a gastroenterology perspective Hypothesis: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers may increase the risk of severe COVID-19 Review article: gastrointestinal features in COVID-19 and the possibility of faecal transmission Publisher's Note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations Not applicable. We aimed to share some experience for prevention of disease progression in COVID-19 patients with defined risk factors, in order to improve the outcomes in such patients.
    keywords: covid-19; disease; infection; patient; risk; sars
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        item: #2481 of 5187
          id: cord-300707-k9uk14b3
      author: Bouwman, Kim M.
       title: Multimerization- and glycosylation-dependent receptor binding of SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins
        date: 2020-09-04
       words: 2332
      flesch: 39
     summary: 120 To illustrate the expression yields of SARS spike proteins or domains thereof 121 we measured the fluorescence in the cell culture supernatant (Fig 1C) . afford additional means for fluorescent-based experiments [13] , and thus are 101 attractive to be fused to RBD proteins.
    keywords: binding; cov-2; fig; proteins; rbd; sars; trimeric
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        item: #2482 of 5187
          id: cord-300716-urmogf97
      author: Briguglio, Matteo
       title: Disentangling the Hypothesis of Host Dysosmia and SARS-CoV-2: The Bait Symptom That Hides Neglected Neurophysiological Routes
        date: 2020-06-05
       words: 9895
      flesch: 30
     summary: The gut-associated lymphoid tissue with the mesenteric lymph nodes and the microfold cells are in charge of the sampling, phagocytosis, and transcytosis of luminal molecules, viruses, bacteria, parasites, and dietary supplements (Briguglio et al., 2020a) , being critical for the first-line immune responses of the host (Mabbott et al., 2013) . Among the circumventricular organs, the area postrema is an important local site that allows the touching of circulating substances with the brain parenchyma (Briguglio et al., 2018) .
    keywords: access; acute; brain; brainstem; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; et al; host; infection; nasal; nerve; neuronal; olfactory; patients; sars; system; virus
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        item: #2483 of 5187
          id: cord-300763-3ateeei3
      author: Vannabouathong, Christopher
       title: Novel Coronavirus COVID-19: Current Evidence and Evolving Strategies
        date: 2020-05-06
       words: 6149
      flesch: 45
     summary: Nat Microbiol Clinical virology Epidemiology, genetic recombination, and pathogenesis of coronaviruses Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Indirect virus transmission in cluster of COVID-19 cases A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster Evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in returning travelers from Wuhan, China Transmission of 2019-nCoV infection from an asymptomatic contact in Germany Presumed asymptomatic carrier transmission of COVID-19 Transmission interval estimates suggest presymptomatic spread of COVID-19. Global News Canadian company announces COVID-19 vaccine candidate.
    keywords: cases; china; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; health; novel; patients; people; sars; spread; symptoms
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        item: #2484 of 5187
          id: cord-300774-5mrkmctl
      author: Hernández-Mora, Miguel Górgolas
       title: Compassionate Use of Tocilizumab in Severe SARS-CoV2 Pneumonia
        date: 2020-10-25
       words: 4339
      flesch: 42
     summary: We provided tocilizumab on a compassionate-use basis to patients with SSP hospitalized (excluding intensive care and intubated cases) who required oxygen support to have a saturation >93%. Patients received at least one dose of 400 mg intravenous tocilizumab during March 8-2020, through April 20-2020.
    keywords: administration; cases; covid-19; oxygen; patients; study; support; tcz; tocilizumab; treatment
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        item: #2485 of 5187
          id: cord-300783-pvn2qq0f
      author: Sadykov, Mukhtar
       title: Short sequence motif dynamics in the SARS-CoV-2 genome suggest a role for cytosine deamination in CpG reduction
        date: 2020-08-07
       words: 937
      flesch: 42
     summary: UpA dinucleotide frequencies on RNA virus replication and characterization of 287 the innate cellular pathways underlying virus attenuation and enhanced 288 replication Imbalanced Host Response to SARS CoV-2 Drives Development of COVID-19 RStudio: Integrated 294 Development for R Diverse mechanisms used by cellular restriction factors 297 to inhibit virus infections The Heterogeneous Landscape and Early Evolution of Pathogen-Associated CpG Dinucleotides in SARS-CoV-2 Evidence for 312 host-dependent RNA editing in the transcriptome of SARS-CoV-2 Patterns of evolution and host 315 gene mimicry in influenza and other RNA viruses Dinucleotide evolutionary dynamics in 318 influenza A virus Induced Mutation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 Contributes to 330 Adaptation and Evolution in Natural Infection SnapShot: Antiviral Restriction Factors ViennaRNA Package 2.0 Molecular Mechanism of 338 RNA Recognition by Zinc-Finger Antiviral Protein Mansky 341 LM. We find that the majority of dinucleotide 124 losses were due to C>U changes, in agreement with a recent study by Rice and et al. 2020 ).
    keywords: cov-2; cpg; sars
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        item: #2486 of 5187
          id: cord-300784-4jeaqqn9
      author: Ma, Huan
       title: COVID-19 diagnosis and study of serum SARS-CoV-2 specific IgA, IgM and IgG by a quantitative and sensitive immunoassay
        date: 2020-04-22
       words: 3496
      flesch: 46
     summary: RBD-specific IgA, IgM, and IgG detection kits showed sensitivities of 98.6%, 96.8%, and 96.8%, and specificities of 98.1%, 92.3%, and 99.8%, respectively. RBD-specific IgA, 70 IgM, and IgG detection kits showed sensitivities of 98· 6%, 96· 8%, and 96· 8%, and specificities of 98· 1%, 71 92· 3%, and 99· 8%, respectively.
    keywords: iga; igg; igm; license; preprint; rbd
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        item: #2487 of 5187
          id: cord-300791-417tzufc
      author: Austin, Zubin
       title: Pharmacy practice in times of civil crisis: The experience of SARS and “the blackout” in Ontario, Canada
        date: 2007-10-16
       words: 6547
      flesch: 61
     summary: An important component of these health care services includes medication dispensing and pharmacy care services provided by pharmacists and pharmacies. Despite the widespread civic disaster represented in both cases, pharmacists were still required (arguably more than ever) to be 'at their posts,' available and able to provide health care services.
    keywords: blackout; care; crisis; emergency; health; participants; pharmacists; pharmacy; sars; study; times
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        item: #2488 of 5187
          id: cord-300793-tuq8z6gm
      author: Weiss, Robin A
       title: Social and environmental risk factors in the emergence of infectious diseases
        date: 2004
       words: 5855
      flesch: 41
     summary: A better understanding of the evolving social dynamics of emerging infectious diseases ought to help us to anticipate and hopefully ameliorate current and future risks. Emerging infectious diseases in humans comprise the following: first, established diseases undergoing increased incidence or geographic spread, for example, Tuberculosis and Dengue fever; second, newly discovered infections causing known diseases, for example, hepatitis C and Helicobacter pylori; and third, newly emerged diseases, for example, HIV/AIDS and SARS.
    keywords: aids; disease; emergence; hiv; human; infections; influenza; new; sars; species; spread; transmission; tuberculosis; virus; years
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        item: #2489 of 5187
          id: cord-300847-ycuiso0g
      author: Li, Wei
       title: Rapid selection of a human monoclonal antibody that potently neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 in two animal models
        date: 2020-06-02
       words: 2815
      flesch: 44
     summary: After washing, bound hACE2-Fc was detected by using HRP conjugated streptavidin After washing, bound CR3022 was detected by using HRP conjugated anti human Fc antibody. Thus, to generate high affinity and safe mAbs we used eight very large (size ~ 10 11 clones each) naive human antibody libraries in Fab, scFv or VH format using PBMCs from 490 individuals total obtained before the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak.
    keywords: ab1; cov-2; fig; human; igg1; rbd; sars
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        item: #2490 of 5187
          id: cord-300848-0igfcixy
      author: Meijers, Björn
       title: The clinical characteristics of coronavirus-associated nephropathy
        date: 2020-09-02
       words: 1689
      flesch: 49
     summary: To date, kidney histology of COVID-19 patients with a less severe clinical course has not been reported. While most patients are asymptomatic or have minor symptoms, a minority of patients develop more serious and potentially life-threatening respiratory disease [2] .
    keywords: covid-19; kidney; patients; sars
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        item: #2491 of 5187
          id: cord-300850-59j1m2tm
      author: Peron, Jean Pierre Schatzmann
       title: Susceptibility of the Elderly to SARS-CoV-2 Infection: ACE-2 Overexpression, Shedding, and Antibody-dependent Enhancement (ADE)
        date: 2020-05-11
       words: 3268
      flesch: 34
     summary: A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China Risk Factors Associated With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Death in Patients With Coronavirus Disease Global burden of respiratory infections associated with seasonal influenza in children under 5 years in 2018: a systematic review and modelling study Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus. A first step in understanding SARS pathogenesis Epidemiologic Features and Clinical Course of Patients Infected With SARS-CoV-2 in Singapore Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is an essential regulator of heart function Angiotensinconverting enzyme 2 and angiotensin 1-7: novel therapeutic targets Anti-Hypertensive Medication Combinations in the United States Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition and angiotensin II receptor blockers on cardiac angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 Upregulation of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 after myocardial infarction by blockade of angiotensin II receptors Olmesartan is an angiotensin II receptor blocker with an inhibitory effect on angiotensin-converting enzyme Upregulation of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) 2 in hepatic fibrosis by ACE inhibitors Tumor necrosis factor-alpha convertase (ADAM17) mediates regulated ectodomain shedding of the severe-acute respiratory syndromecoronavirus (SARS-CoV) receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) Detection of soluble angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in heart failure: insights into the endogenous counter-regulatory pathway of the renin-angiotensinaldosterone system Clinical Relevance and Role of Neuronal AT 1 Receptors in ADAM17-Mediated ACE2 Shedding in Neurogenic Hypertension Modulation of TNF-alpha-converting enzyme by the spike protein of SARS-CoV and ACE2 induces TNF-alpha production and facilitates viral entry Ectodomain shedding of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 in human airway epithelia Receptor Recognition by the Novel Coronavirus from Wuhan: an Analysis Based on Decade-Long Structural Studies of SARS Coronavirus TACE antagonists blocking ACE2 shedding caused by the spike protein of SARS-CoV are candidate antiviral compounds Inhibition of dengue and chikungunya virus infections by RIG-I-mediated type I interferon-independent stimulation of the innate antiviral response The Brazilian Zika virus strain causes birth defects in experimental models Enhancement of Zika virus pathogenesis by preexisting antiflavivirus immunity Dengue virus sero-cross-reactivity drives antibodydependent enhancement of infection with zika virus Viral Load and Cytokine Response Profile Does Not Support Antibody-Dependent Enhancement in Dengue-Primed Zika Virus-Infected Patients Antibody-Dependent Enhancement of Ebola Virus Infection by Human Antibodies Isolated from Survivors Extensive complement-dependent enhancement of HIV-1 by autologous non-neutralising antibodies at early stages of infection Highlights for Dengue Immunopathogenesis: Antibody-Dependent Enhancement, Cytokine Storm, and Beyond Functions of TAM RTKs in regulating spermatogenesis and male fertility in mice Anti-spike IgG causes severe acute lung injury by skewing macrophage responses during acute SARS-CoV infection Antibody responses against SARS coronavirus are correlated with disease outcome of infected individuals Severe pandemic 2009 H1N1 influenza disease due to pathogenic immune complexes Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 is a functional receptor for the emerging human coronavirus-EMC Immunodominant SARS Coronavirus Epitopes in Humans Elicited both Enhancing and Neutralizing Effects on Infection in Non-human Primates
    keywords: ade; angiotensin; cells; cov-2; disease; infection; patients; sars
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        item: #2492 of 5187
          id: cord-300866-cso6l6ze
      author: Bao, Yi
       title: Clinical Features of COVID-19 in a Young Man with Massive Cerebral Hemorrhage—Case Report
        date: 2020-05-23
       words: 4256
      flesch: 46
     summary: The treatment of COVID-19 patients with intracerebral hemorrhage suggesting that antiviral treatment was effective. Contact history of the epidemic area and close contact history of COVID-19 confirmed patients were denied.
    keywords: blood; clinical; cov-2; covid-19; density; hemorrhage; infection; patient; sars; treatment
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        item: #2493 of 5187
          id: cord-300899-yi2mx91a
      author: Kaur, Satinder
       title: Understanding COVID-19 transmission, health impacts and mitigation: timely social distancing is the key
        date: 2020-07-18
       words: 5354
      flesch: 48
     summary: Python programming is conducted for change point analysis (CPA) using Bayesian probability approach for understanding the impact of restrictions and mitigation methods in terms of either increase or stagnation in number of COVID-19 cases for eight countries. COVID-19 cases were reported with individuals having no travel history, suggesting that local transmission occurred in these countries.
    keywords: cases; china; countries; cov-2; covid-19; et al; number; population; sars; transmission; virus
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        item: #2494 of 5187
          id: cord-300923-5cyxr98s
      author: Younger, David S
       title: Postmortem Neuropathology in Covid‐19
        date: 2020-10-23
       words: 631
      flesch: 32
     summary: Together with increased serum D-dimer and markers of hypercoagulability in 42% of cases (1, 2) , affected patients risk thrombotic and hemorrhagic parenchymal tissue infarction so noted in nine (18%) cases. The Mount Sinai COVID-19 autopsy experience Neuropathology of COVID-19: a spectrum of vascular and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM)-like pathology Early evidence of pronounced brain involvement in fatal COVID-19 outcomes Neuropathological Features of Covid-19 Neuronophagia and microglial nodules in a SARS-CoV-2 patient with cerebellar hemorrhage Neuropathologic features of four autopsied COVID-19 patients The spectrum of pathological findings in coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 This article is protected by copyright.
    keywords: cases; covid-19
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        item: #2495 of 5187
          id: cord-300950-ag0sql4i
      author: Lin, John
       title: Potential therapeutic options for coronavirus disease 2019: using knowledge of past outbreaks to guide future treatment
        date: 2020-06-05
       words: 1916
      flesch: 45
     summary: Future anti-viral therapies such as remdesivir may provide some much-needed firepower to combat epidemic coronavirus strains like 2019-nCoV. Optimistically, two clinical studies on anti-viral COVID-19 treatment have recently come into fruition: the use of lopinavir/ritonavir in a phase 4, randomized controlled trial (No. NCT04255017); and the use of remdesivir in a phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study (No. NCT04252664). Initial treatment with lopinavir/ritonavir in SARS patients was associated with lower intubation rate, lower adverse clinical events and mortality compared to ribavirin and corticosteroid.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov; covid-19; mers; sars
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        item: #2496 of 5187
          id: cord-300963-1n1f8mf2
      author: Gajendran, Mahesh
       title: Inflammatory bowel disease amid the COVID-19 pandemic: impact, management strategies, and lessons learned
        date: 2020-10-12
       words: 6697
      flesch: 43
     summary: Patients with COVID-19 have lymphopenia, whereas in IBD patients, lymphocyte levels are usually normal or elevated. Hence, there is an ongoing concern over the impact of COVID-19 on IBD patients and their susceptibility to it.
    keywords: bowel; cells; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; ibd; ibd patients; infection; management; pandemic; patients; risk; rna; sars; study
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        item: #2497 of 5187
          id: cord-300964-knc0ruou
      author: Hoffman, Tove
       title: Evaluation of a COVID-19 IgM and IgG rapid test; an efficient tool for assessment of past exposure to SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-04-14
       words: 2553
      flesch: 46
     summary: In this study we evaluated a commercial rapid test for detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgM and IgG. For the evaluation, samples from COVID-19 cases, obtained during disease or convalescence and previously confirmed by PCR, were used as 'true positives'. According to the manufacturer, the specificity has been evaluated on 14 PCR-negative samples and was found to be 100% for both IgM and IgG, while the sensitivity evaluated on COVID-19 cases was calculated at 87.9% for IgM and 97.2% for IgG. The results by Li et al.
    keywords: covid-19; igg; igm; positive; sars; test
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        item: #2498 of 5187
          id: cord-300968-dtaasxk1
      author: Kliger, Yossef
       title: From genome to antivirals: SARS as a test tube
        date: 2005-03-01
       words: 5118
      flesch: 38
     summary: The synergy between SARS fusion inhibitors and ACE2 or CD209L antagonists has not yet been investigated. The CD4 (T4) antigen is an essential component of the receptor for the AIDS retrovirus HIV-1 entry cofactor: functional cDNA cloning of a seventransmembrane, G protein-coupled receptor CC CKR5: a RANTES, MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta receptor as a fusion cofactor for macrophage-tropic HIV-1 Resistance to HIV-1 infection in caucasian individuals bearing mutant alleles of the CCR-5 chemokine receptor gene Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus Potent neutralization of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus by a human mAb to S1 protein that blocks receptor association Structure-based discovery of a novel angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 inhibitor A 193-amino acid fragment of the SARS coronavirus S protein efficiently binds angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 CD209L (L-SIGN) is a receptor for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus The HIV Env-mediated fusion reaction HIV-1 gp41 six-helix bundle formation occurs rapidly after the engagement of gp120 by CXCR4 in the HIV-1 Env-mediated fusion process Sensitivity of HIV-1 to entry inhibitors correlates with envelope/coreceptor affinity, receptor density, and fusion kinetics Impact of mutations in the coreceptor binding site on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 fusion, infection, and entry inhibitor sensitivity Anti-human immunodeficiency virus interactions of SCH-C (SCH 351125), a CCR5 antagonist, with other antiretroviral agents in vitro Strong in vitro synergy between the fusion inhibitor T-20 and the CXCR4 blocker AMD-3100 Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 entry inhibitors PRO 542 and T-20 are potently synergistic in blocking virus-cell and cell-cell fusion Dilation of the influenza hemagglutinin fusion pore revealed by the kinetics of individual cell-cell fusion events Kinetics of influenza hemagglutinin-mediated membrane fusion as a function of technique Kinetically differentiating influenza hemagglutinin fusion and hemifusion machines Evolution of intermediates of influenza virus hemagglutininmediated fusion revealed by kinetic measurements of pore formation HIV-1 envelope proteins complete their folding into six-helix bundles immediately after fusion pore formation Early events of SARS coronavirus infection in vero cells Cloaked similarity between HIV-1 and SARS-CoV suggests an anti-SARS strategy Interaction between heptad repeat 1 and 2 regions in spike protein of SARSassociated coronavirus: implications for virus fusogenic mechanism and identification of fusion inhibitors Suppression of SARS-CoV entry by peptides corresponding to heptad regions on spike glycoprotein Following the rule: formation of the 6-helix bundle of the fusion core from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein and identification of potent peptide inhibitors Characterization of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) spike glycoproteinmediated viral entry Structural characterization of the fusion-active complex of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus Crystal structure of SARS-CoV spike protein fusion core Structural characterization of the SARS-coronavirus spike S fusion protein core Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) infection inhibition using spike protein heptad repeatderived peptides A RhoA-derived peptide inhibits syncytium formation induced by respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza virus type 3 Unique and conserved features of genome and proteome of SARScoronavirus, an early split-off from the coronavirus group 2 lineage Mechanisms and enzymes involved in SARS coronavirus genome expression The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus NTPase/helicase belongs to a distinct class of 5� to 3� viral helicases Small molecules targeting severe acute respiratory syndrome human coronavirus Immunogenic peptide comprising a mouse hepatitis virus A59 B-cell epitope and an influenza virus T-cell epitope protects against lethal infection Field study of bovine coronavirus vaccine enriched with hemagglutinating antigen for winter dysentery in dairy cows A DNA vaccine induces SARS coronavirus neutralization and protective immunity in mice Inhibition of hepatitis B virus in mice by RNA interference Inhibiting severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus by small interfering RNA Old drugs as lead compounds for a new disease?
    keywords: cell; coronavirus; cov; drug; entry; fusion; hiv; inhibitors; protein; sars; syndrome
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        item: #2499 of 5187
          id: cord-300978-busx8w6s
      author: Apetrii, Mugurel
       title: A brand-new cardiorenal syndrome in the Coronavirus Disease- 2019 (COVID-19) setting
        date: 2020-06-04
       words: 3007
      flesch: 33
     summary: In COVID-19 patients, it was noted that viral load, lung injury (via the partial pressure of oxygen:fraction of inspired oxygen ratio) and higher levels of angiotensin II were all positively correlated [42] . Although early reports suggested a lower incidence (3-9%) of AKI in COVID-19 patients (in the Chinese population)
    keywords: ace2; acute; angiotensin; coronavirus; covid-19; patients; sars; syndrome
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        item: #2500 of 5187
          id: cord-300991-ipy24zxp
      author: Khan, Amira Sayed
       title: Obesity and COVID-19: Oro-Naso-Sensory Perception
        date: 2020-07-08
       words: 5986
      flesch: 41
     summary: There is no direct report available on the loss of these chemical senses in obese COVID-19 patients. Epidemiological data confirm that there is an increased rate of pneumonia and RTI in COVID-19 obese patients [12] .
    keywords: cells; cov-2; covid-19; infection; inflammation; loss; obese; obesity; olfactory; patients; sars; taste; tnf
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        item: #2501 of 5187
          id: cord-301025-cf2jcw6x
      author: Musca, Serban C.
       title: A Simple Bayesian Method for Evaluating Whether Data From Patients With Rheumatic Diseases Who Have Been Under Chronic Hydroxychloroquine Medication Since Before the COVID-19 Outbreak Can Speak to Hydroxychloroquine's Prophylactic Effect Against Infection With SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-08-13
       words: 4369
      flesch: 46
     summary: Moreover, at the other extreme of pop gen COVID-19 prevalence values considered, 6,000 per 100,000, one can have more than one HCQpa in 23 (93 out of 2,000) presenting with COVID-19 and still correctly conclude that COVID-19 prevalence is lower in the HCQpa than in pop gen This can be achieved with relative ease by considering whether COVID-19 prevalence is significantly lower in HCQpa than in the general population (i.e., all people that are not HCQpa).
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; hcqpa; prevalence; sars
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        item: #2502 of 5187
          id: cord-301026-spgidqh3
      author: Das, Shaoli
       title: In silico Drug Repurposing to combat COVID-19 based on Pharmacogenomics of Patient Transcriptomic Data
        date: 2020-06-30
       words: 4202
      flesch: 34
     summary: Using the drug perturbational data sets from CMAP 14 , we found the drugs that affected the gene expression of these targets (differences in gene expression at 24 hours vs. 6 hours of drug treatment). The drug perturbational data set containing dose-and time-dependent transcriptomic pro les upon drug treatments in human cell lines was collected from CMAP 14 .
    keywords: cell; covid-19; data; drugs; infection; pathways; patients; sars; transcriptomic
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        item: #2503 of 5187
          id: cord-301079-n1nytr6k
      author: Tan, Li
       title: Air and surface contamination by SARS-CoV-2 virus in a tertiary hospital in Wuhan, China
        date: 2020-07-27
       words: 3558
      flesch: 51
     summary: Third, the sensitivity and specificity of RT-PCR tests on surface contamination samples might not be same as those from human specimens. Contamination rates was slightly higher near severe/critical patients compared to those near mild patients, although not statistically significant (p <0.05).
    keywords: air; contamination; patients; samples; sars; surfaces
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        item: #2504 of 5187
          id: cord-301080-xr7kl573
      author: Sakanashi, Daisuke
       title: Comparative evaluation of nasopharyngeal swab and saliva specimens for the molecular detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in Japanese patients with COVID-19
        date: 2020-09-30
       words: 1626
      flesch: 45
     summary: key: cord-301080-xr7kl573 authors: Sakanashi, Daisuke; Asai, Nobuhiro; Nakamura, Akiko; Miyazaki, Narimi; Kawamoto, Yuzuka; Ohno, Tomoko; Yamada, Atsuko; Koita, Isao; Suematsu, Hiroyuki; Hagihara, Mao; Shiota, Arufumi; Kurumiya, Ai; Sakata, Miki; Kato, Syunji; Muramatsu, Yuki; Koizumi, Yusuke; Kishino, Takaaki; Ohashi, Wataru; Yamagishi, Yuka; Mikamo, Hiroshige title: Comparative evaluation of nasopharyngeal swab and saliva specimens for the molecular detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in Japanese patients with COVID-19 date: 2020-09-30 journal: J Infect Chemother DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2020.09.027 sha: doc_id: 301080 cord_uid: xr7kl573 Considering the issues of shortage of medical resources and the invasiveness and infection risk involved in the collection of nasopharyngeal swab specimens, there is a need for an effective alternative test specimen for SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection. About Coronavirus Disease 2019-nCoV (new coronavirus) Sample collection and transportation manual (ver Human saliva: non-invasive fluid for detecting novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Comparative evaluation of saliva collection methods for proteome analysis Development of genetic diagnostic methods for novel coronavirus 2019 (nCoV-2019) in Japan SARS-CoV-2 viral load in upper respiratory specimens of infected patients Saliva is a reliable tool to detect SARS-CoV-2 Consistent detection of 2019 novel coronavirus in saliva Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 detection in nasopharyngeal swab and saliva Saliva as a non-invasive specimen for detection of SARS-CoV-2 Sensitivity of nasopharyngeal swabs and saliva for the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f Saliva sampling: Methods and devices.
    keywords: cov-2; nasopharyngeal; saliva; sars
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        item: #2505 of 5187
          id: cord-301106-qskwujpa
      author: Gambato, Martina
       title: Clinical implications of COVID-19 in patients with chronic liver disease and liver tumor
        date: 2020-06-05
       words: 1670
      flesch: 35
     summary: Patients with chronic liver disease and liver cancer should, therefore, follow specific measures and precautions to avoid clinical complications related to COVID-19. Specific ACE2 expression in cholangiocytes may cause liver damage after 2019-nCoV infection Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome Coronavirus disease 2019 and prevalence of chronic liver disease: a meta-analysis Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China COVID-19 and the liver: little cause for concern Acute on chronic liver failure from novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Care of patients with liver disease during the COVID-19 pandemic: EASL-ESCMID position paper Prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with decompensated cirrhosis SARS-CoV-2 Transmission in patients with cancer at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Wuhan, China Clinical characteristics of COVID-19-infected cancer patients: a retrospective case study in three hospitals within Wuhan Management of cancer surgery cases during the COVID-19 pandemic: considerations Lampertico P (2020) Management of hepatocellular carcinoma in the time of COVID-19
    keywords: covid-19; disease; liver; patients
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        item: #2506 of 5187
          id: cord-301115-sedfbjlw
      author: Han, Mingfeng
       title: Assessing SARS-CoV-2 RNA levels and lymphocyte/T cell counts in COVID-19 patients revealed initial immune status as a major determinant of disease severity
        date: 2020-08-28
       words: 4582
      flesch: 47
     summary: Severe patients additionally met at least one of the following conditions: (1) shortness of breath, RR ≥ 30 times/min, (2) oxygen saturation (resting state) ≤ 93%, or (3) PaO 2 / FiO 2 ≤ 300 mmHg. PCA was firstly performed with R package factoextra to identify correlating variables for distinguishing severe patients from mild patients (Figure Suppl 3A) .
    keywords: cases; counts; covid-19; disease; fig; levels; patients; sars
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        item: #2507 of 5187
          id: cord-301151-f6vya3qh
      author: Zhu, Xiaojuan
       title: Co-infection with respiratory pathogens among COVID-2019 cases
        date: 2020-05-11
       words: 2603
      flesch: 56
     summary: In addition to bacteria, fungi was also a major factor of co-infection secondary to viral infections such as seen in influenza infection in which A. baumannii, Aspergillus, Candida and KP were discovered as common secondary infections (Gao, et al. 2013; Guo, et al. 2019) . The current outbreaks of coronavirus infection remind us that CoVs are still a severe and critical threats to global public health.
    keywords: category; infection; pathogens; patients
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        item: #2508 of 5187
          id: cord-301157-tu3iig9o
      author: Felsenstein, Susanna
       title: Presentation, Treatment Response and Short-Term Outcomes in Paediatric Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Temporally Associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS)
        date: 2020-10-14
       words: 7854
      flesch: 39
     summary: A subset of COVID-19 patients reportedly develop vasculitic lesions Potential cardiovascular issues in pediatric patients Myocardial localization of coronavirus in COVID-19 cardiogenic shock Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and COVID-19 are distinct presentations of SARS-CoV-2 Peripheral immunophenotypes in children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection Type 3 hypersensitivity in COVID-19 vasculitis Coagulopathy and Antiphospholipid Antibodies in Patients with Covid-19 Novel paediatric presentation of COVID-19 with ARDS and cytokine storm syndrome without respiratory symptoms Thromboembolic complications of COVID-19: The combined effect of a pro-coagulant pattern and an endothelial thrombo-inflammatory syndrome Clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients treated with tocilizumab: An individual patient data systematic review Tocilizumab for the treatment of severe COVID-19 pneumonia with hyperinflammatory syndrome and acute respiratory failure: A single center study of 100 patients in Use of anakinra in severe COVID-19:
    keywords: age; cardiac; children; cov-2; covid-19; disease; multisystem; patients; pims; sars; syndrome; table; treatment
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        item: #2509 of 5187
          id: cord-301167-101lnq4f
      author: Liu, Quanjun
       title: Microarray-in-a-Tube for Detection of Multiple Viruses
        date: 2007-02-01
       words: 3256
      flesch: 40
     summary: Microarray detection is a good method, but requires complex procedures for multiple virus detection. Methods: We developed a novel PCR assay, the microarray-in-a-tube system, which integrates multiple PCR processes and DNA microarrays for multiple virus detection.
    keywords: detection; hybridization; microarray; pcr; probes; sars; system; tube; virus
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        item: #2510 of 5187
          id: cord-301183-k39e12cq
      author: Pham, Tho D.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 RNAemia in a Healthy Blood Donor 40 Days After Respiratory Illness Resolution
        date: 2020-07-17
       words: 290
      flesch: 30
     summary: Furthermore, the risk for transmission of other transfusion-transmitted viral infections, such as HIV-1, is correlated with virus load, indicating that if bloodborne transmission is possible, the low level of Coronavirus disease 2019: coronaviruses and blood safety Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 RNA detected in blood donations Sample pooling as a strategy to detect community transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Comparison of a laboratorydeveloped test targeting the envelope gene with three nucleic acid amplification tests for detection of SARS-CoV-2 AABB's Resources for: FDA's Updated Information for Blood Establishments Regarding the Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Outbreak. Of note, however, the infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 from blood remains unknown and, to date, we are not aware of cases of transfusion-transmitted COVID-19.
    keywords: blood; sars
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        item: #2511 of 5187
          id: cord-301216-a0rkpez7
      author: Perez, Adriana
       title: Presentation of SARS-CoV-2 Infection As Cholestatic Jaundice in Two Healthy Adolescents
        date: 2020-07-23
       words: 1672
      flesch: 41
     summary: Patients described here are unique to this report and will be excluded from our registry of COVID-19 patients. Cases in the U.S Weekly Updates by Select Demographic and Geographic Characteristics Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Children -United States SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children Epidemiology of COVID-19 Among Children in China Characteristics and Outcomes of Children With Coronavirus Disease Infection Admitted to US and Canadian Pediatric Intensive Care Units Clinical features of severe pediatric patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in Wuhan: a single center's observational study Hyperinflammatory shock in children during COVID-19 pandemic Liver injury during highly pathogenic human coronavirus infections Bilirubin levels in patients with mild and severe Covid-19:
    keywords: children; covid-19; liver; patients; sars
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        item: #2512 of 5187
          id: cord-301226-hmc2wmst
      author: Randazzo, Walter
       title: Metropolitan Wastewater Analysis for COVID-19 Epidemiological Surveillance
        date: 2020-04-27
       words: 2162
      flesch: 45
     summary: Methods: Here, we have used RT-qPCR for SARS-CoV-2 detection in a series of longitudinal metropolitan wastewaters samples collected during the earliest stages of the epidemic in the Region of Valencia, Spain. Specifically, samples were taken from wastewater treatment plants Pinedo 1, Pinedo 2 and Quart-Benàger, all belonging to the Empresa Pública de Saneamiento de Aguas Residuales (Generalitat Valenciana).
    keywords: cov-2; rna; samples; sars; wastewater
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        item: #2513 of 5187
          id: cord-301227-ica5x0r1
      author: Sun, Yi-Sheng
       title: A SARS-CoV-2 variant with the 12-bp deletion at E gene
        date: 2020-10-29
       words: 4437
      flesch: 61
     summary: Although E gene deletion in SARS virus could lead to a significantly reduced viral titer, we did not find any difference in viral titer of the SARS-CoV-2 E gene variant. To date, no other studies about E gene deletion or mutations of SARS-CoV-2 have been reported.
    keywords: e gene; gene; protein; sars; strain; virus
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        item: #2514 of 5187
          id: cord-301233-nenw0f81
      author: Naydenova, Katerina
       title: Structural basis for the inhibition of the SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase by favipiravir-RTP
        date: 2020-10-21
       words: 4082
      flesch: 42
     summary: However, in the influenza RNA polymerase this site is occupied by the trisphosphate of the incoming rNTP (PDB 6SZV [30] ). The RNA template, 5'-rUrUrUrUrUrCrArUrArArCrUrUrArArUrCrUrCrAr CrArUrArGrCrArCrUrG-3', and RNA primer 5'-rCrArGrUrGrCrUrArUrGrUr GrArGrArUrUrArArGrUrUrArU-3' were prepared by solid phase synthesis on anÄKTA oligopilot plus 10 (GE Healthcare).
    keywords: complex; cov-2; favipiravir; fig; polymerase; primer; rdrp; rna; rtp; sars; structure
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        item: #2515 of 5187
          id: cord-301251-6f2nzvhz
      author: Cheemarla, N. R.
       title: Host response-based screening to identify undiagnosed cases of COVID-19and expand testing capacity
        date: 2020-06-05
       words: 3406
      flesch: 57
     summary: Finally, to better understand the possible uses of CXCL10 in the diagnosis of COVID-19, we 118 studied the correlation between NP CXCL10 level and biological variables using all 59 of the 119 SARS-CoV-2-positive samples in this study (4 from March 3rd to 14th, 17 diagnosed on March 120 20th, and 39 positive control from other dates during the third week of March) (Fig 4a, b) . Therefore, we reasoned that NP CXCL10 level might reflect the level of active 126 viral replication, the stimulus for CXCL10 production.
    keywords: cxcl10; medrxiv; perpetuity; preprint; review; samples
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        item: #2516 of 5187
          id: cord-301292-yaii6e16
      author: Kuk, Anthony Y. C.
       title: The estimation of SARS incubation distribution from serial interval data using a convolution likelihood
        date: 2005-07-12
       words: 4360
      flesch: 55
     summary: key: cord-301292-yaii6e16 authors: Kuk, Anthony Y. C.; Ma, Stefan title: The estimation of SARS incubation distribution from serial interval data using a convolution likelihood date: 2005-07-12 journal: Knowledge about the distribution of incubation times is crucial in determining the length of quarantine period and is an important parameter in modelling the spread and control of SARS.
    keywords: distribution; estimate; incubation; time
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        item: #2517 of 5187
          id: cord-301303-44sk478e
      author: Wu, Vin-Cent
       title: Renal hypouricemia is an ominous sign in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome
        date: 2008-02-21
       words: 3128
      flesch: 50
     summary: Patients with persistent hypouricemia showed a graver prognosis than patients with corrected hypouricemia (intubated or dead, P ϭ 0.016). A prospective study Acute renal failure and renal replacement therapy in SARS patients.
    keywords: hypouricemia; levels; patients; sars; serum
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        item: #2518 of 5187
          id: cord-301313-9595vm0k
      author: OKBA, NISREEN M.A.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 specific antibody responses in COVID-19 patients
        date: 2020-03-20
       words: 4281
      flesch: 48
     summary: Serum samples from SARS patients (7) were kindly provided by professor Malik Peiris, Hong Kong University. The virus was identified to be a betacoronavirus related to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and thus, was named SARS-CoV-2 (2) .
    keywords: antibodies; cov; cov-2; medrxiv; patients; preprint; sars; sera
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        item: #2519 of 5187
          id: cord-301324-2tyl1r2l
      author: Zhan, Jing
       title: Environmental impacts on the transmission and evolution of COVID-19 combing the knowledge of pathogenic respiratory coronaviruses()
        date: 2020-09-09
       words: 545
      flesch: 8
     summary: This review should be of great help to prevent and control the epidemics caused by emerging respiratory coronaviruses (CoVs). Climate change is becoming a global public health concern due to its impacts on Survival of human coronaviruses 229E and OC43 in suspension 601 and after drying on surfaces: A possible source of hospital-acquired infections Dynamics of infectious disease transmission by inhalable respiratory 604 droplets Epidemiology, genetic 606 recombination, and pathogenesis of coronaviruses The effect of environmental parameters on the survival of airborne infectious agents On 610 the origin and continuing evolution of SARS-CoV-2 Surveillance of bat coronaviruses in Kenya identifies relatives of human coronaviruses 613 NL63 and 229E and their recombination history Impact of rotavirus 615 and hepatitis A virus by worldwide climatic changes during the period between Review of aerosol transmission of influenza A virus High infectivity and pathogenicity of influenza A 620 virus via aerosol and droplet transmission Aerosol 623 and surface stability of SARS-CoV-2 as compared with SARS-CoV-1.
    keywords: sars; transmission
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        item: #2520 of 5187
          id: cord-301388-p3juk2vv
      author: Yen, Muh-Yong
       title: Recommendations for protecting against and mitigating the COVID-19 pandemic in long-term care facilities
        date: 2020-04-10
       words: 3935
      flesch: 42
     summary: In compliance with eTCB, all personnel transitioning across compartments should follow strict checkpoint hand disinfection and decontamination to ensure hand hygiene and facilitates containment of contact/fomite transmission 14, 17 Specific consideration for medical care in LTCF LTCF residents tend to be older and suffer from various comorbidities. In this article we address this relative lack of attention, arguing that enhanced traffic control bundling (eTCB) can and should be adopted and implemented as a means of protecting LTCF residents and staff.
    keywords: care; control; covid-19; disinfection; facility; infection; ltcf; residents; staff
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        item: #2521 of 5187
          id: cord-301454-ayf42grs
      author: Phyu Khin, Phyu
       title: A potential therapeutic combination for treatment of COVID-19: synergistic effect of DPP4 and RAAS suppression
        date: 2020-08-14
       words: 1765
      flesch: 39
     summary: These exciting results further reinforce that the suppression of DPP4 may be useful in multifaceted ways, not only for halting the progression to the hyper-inflammatory state, but also for reducing viral infection to target cells in COVID-19 patients. The mortality of COVID-19 patients is high in men and in elderly patients with age-related diseases such as hypertension and diabetes.
    keywords: angiotensin; covid-19; patients; receptor; sars
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        item: #2522 of 5187
          id: cord-301484-y9l2hmqf
      author: MASSAROTTI, Claudia
       title: Asymptomatic SARS‐CoV‐2 infections in pregnant patients in an Italian city during complete lockdown
        date: 2020-08-25
       words: 1104
      flesch: 38
     summary: In conclusion, even if Italy was badly affected by COVID19 in the studied month, the reported prevalence of SARS‐CoV‐2 infections in asymptomatic pregnant patients at term was lower than the ones reported in literature. Our percentage of asymptomatic infected pregnant patients is considerably lower than previously reported, despite being in a region with high prevalence of the disease (+3508 new cases in April in Genoa)
    keywords: asymptomatic; patients; women
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        item: #2523 of 5187
          id: cord-301535-eui41zyg
      author: Chandler-Brown, Devon
       title: A Highly Scalable and Rapidly Deployable RNA Extraction-Free COVID-19 Assay by Quantitative Sanger Sequencing
        date: 2020-04-10
       words: 4149
      flesch: 45
     summary: Crucially, our assay was able to detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA from viral particles suspended in transport media that was directly added to the PCR master mix, suggesting that RNA extraction can be skipped entirely without any degradation of test performance. Since a major limitation for increasing testing capacity has been supply chain and lab workflow bottlenecks related to RNA extraction, we next attempted to detect SARS-CoV-2 directly from the specimen matrix (viral transport medium).
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; gce; qpcr; qsanger; rna; sars; sequence; spike
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        item: #2524 of 5187
          id: cord-301547-d4wt9dqp
      author: Seng, J. J. B.
       title: Pandemic related Health literacy - A Systematic Review of literature in COVID-19, SARS and MERS pandemics
        date: 2020-05-11
       words: 5403
      flesch: 40
     summary: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.07.20094227 doi: medRxiv preprint For populations at increased risk of poor clinical outcomes of infections such as the elderly, immunocompromised patients, human-immunodeficiency virus or with multiple comorbidities, they form high priority populations where the levels of pandemic health literacy should be assessed. key: cord-301547-d4wt9dqp authors: Seng, J. J. B.; Yeam, C. T.; Huang, W. C.; Tan, N. C.; Low, L. L. title: Pandemic related Health literacy - A Systematic Review of literature in COVID-19, SARS and MERS pandemics date: 2020-05-11 journal: nan DOI: 10.1101/2020.05.07.20094227 sha: doc_id: 301547 cord_uid: d4wt9dqp Background: Health literacy plays an essential role in ones ability to acquire and understand critical medical information in the COVID-19 infodemic and other pandemics.
    keywords: covid-19; health; health literacy; knowledge; license; literacy; pandemic; preprint; studies; study
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        item: #2525 of 5187
          id: cord-301556-f3m9gwvo
      author: Huang, Jessie
       title: SARS-CoV-2 Infection of Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Human Lung Alveolar Type 2 Cells Elicits a Rapid Epithelial-Intrinsic Inflammatory Response
        date: 2020-09-18
       words: 6764
      flesch: 33
     summary: Finally, to assess the potential of iAT2s to screen for COVID-19 therapeutics that might target the alveolar epithelium, we tested the effect of a TMPRSS2 inhibitor, camostat mesylate, that was recently shown to block SARS-CoV-2 infection in Vero cells, Calu-3 cells, and human airway epithelial cells (Hoffmann et al., 2020) , but has not been tested previously in human alveolar cells. In addition, the FDA-approved broad-spectrum antiviral drug remdesivir (GS-5734) that is used to treat COVID-19 patients and was shown to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 in cell culture and mouse models (Pruijssers et al., 2020; Wang et al., 2020a) , significantly reduced viral N transcript ( Figure 4I ).
    keywords: ace2; alveolar; cells; cov-2; covid-19; culture; dpi; epithelial; et al; expression; figure; human; iat2s; infection; lung; model; sars
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        item: #2526 of 5187
          id: cord-301590-70qmpccs
      author: Campos, António
       title: The Paradigm Shift of Ophthalmology in the COVID-19 Era
        date: 2020-09-14
       words: 3014
      flesch: 44
     summary: The manuscript management system is completely online and includes a very quick and fair peer-review system JM and HA volunteered to assist COVID-19 patients at the emergency dedicated tent and ward in the months of March, April and May 2020.We thank Anália Carmo, MD, MSc, PhD, http://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-7704-4736, from the Laboratory of Molecular Biology/Virology, Clinical Pathology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal, All authors made a significant contribution to the work reported, being involved in the conception, study design, execution, acquisition of data, analysis and interpretation. We are facing a different sort of challenge now: how to accommodate the usual huge number of patients previous to the COVID-19 outbreak in the waiting rooms, while respecting the new demands from the healthcare authorities to reduce the number of waiting patients to a half or one-third.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; injections; number; patients; rooms; sars; visits
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        item: #2527 of 5187
          id: cord-301603-gdxvbspx
      author: Sokouti, Massoud
       title: Comparative Global Epidemiological Investigation of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV Diseases Using Meta-MUMS Tool Through Incidence, Mortality, and Recovery Rates
        date: 2020-04-15
       words: 1885
      flesch: 50
     summary: The meta-analysis and forest plots of two viral world infections showed that the incidence rate of COVID-19 infection is more than SARS infections, while recovery and mortality event rates of SARS-CoV are more than COVID-19 infection. And, the mortality rate is higher than the incidence rate in both infection groups, and subgroup analysis showed that in SARS infection, the mortality rate is more than incidence rate in comparison to COVID-19 disease ( p !0.001).
    keywords: covid-19; mortality; rate; sars
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        item: #2528 of 5187
          id: cord-301622-mn59vszt
      author: Jomah, Shahamah
       title: Clinical efficacy of antivirals against novel coronavirus (COVID-19): A review
        date: 2020-08-03
       words: 6299
      flesch: 47
     summary: However, several agents are included in Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) Management Guidelines for treatment of COVID-19 patients; including antimalaria (chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine), antivirals (lopinavir/ritonavir), antibacterial (azithromycin, and immunomodulators (Tocilizumab) based on their beneficial role reported by practicing physicians or small scale clinical trials. Altogether, 19 trials reported in this study used LPV/RTN in COVID-19 patients including 2 randomized control trials [11, 17] , 5 retrospective cohort trials
    keywords: arbidol; case; covid-19; days; group; lopinavir; lpv; patients; remdesivir; rtn; study
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        item: #2529 of 5187
          id: cord-301626-7ow1jja4
      author: Li, Shih-Wen
       title: SARS Coronavirus Papain-Like Protease Inhibits the TLR7 Signaling Pathway through Removing Lys63-Linked Polyubiquitination of TRAF3 and TRAF6
        date: 2016-05-05
       words: 3780
      flesch: 34
     summary: The TLR7 agonist dose-dependently triggered the ISRE promoter activity in vector control cells, but not in PLPro-expressing cells (Figure 2A ). The TLR7 agonist dose-dependently triggered the ISRE promoter activity in vector control cells, but not in PLPro-expressing cells ( Figure 2A ).
    keywords: agonist; cells; figure; plpro; sars; tlr7
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        item: #2530 of 5187
          id: cord-301633-t8s4s0wo
      author: Gralinski, Lisa E.
       title: Return of the Coronavirus: 2019-nCoV
        date: 2020-01-24
       words: 4001
      flesch: 47
     summary: Synthetic recombinant bat SARS-like coronavirus is infectious in cultured cells and in mice The S proteins of human coronavirus NL63 and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus bind overlapping regions of ACE2 Bat Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Like Coronavirus WIV1 Encodes an Extra Accessory Protein, ORFX, Involved in Modulation of the Host Immune Response Evolution of the novel coronavirus from the ongoing Wuhan outbreak and modeling of its spike protein for risk of human transmission Functional assessment of cell entry and receptor usage for lineage B β-coronaviruses, including 2019-nCoV Viruses and Koch's Postulates A mouse-adapted SARS-coronavirus causes disease and mortality in BALB/c mice Replication of SARS coronavirus administered into the respiratory tract of African Green, rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys Newly discovered coronavirus as the primary cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Host species restriction of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus through its receptor, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 Mouse dipeptidyl peptidase 4 is not a functional receptor for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) causes transient lower respiratory tract infection in rhesus macaques 15 Medical Staff in Wuhan Confirmed New Coronavirus Pneumonia, and Another Suspected Asymptomatic Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection: Extent and implications for infection control: A systematic review The Role of Super-Spreaders in Infectious Disease Analysis of intrapatient heterogeneity uncovers the microevolution of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus No Snakes Molecular evolution analysis and geographic investigation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-like virus in palm civets at an animal market and on farms Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-like virus in Chinese horseshoe bats A SARS-like cluster of circulating bat coronaviruses shows potential for human emergence SARS-like WIV1-CoV poised for human emergence Serological Evidence of Bat SARS-Related Coronavirus Infection in Humans Further Evidence for Bats as the Evolutionary Source of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Identification of a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-like virus in a leaf-nosed bat in Nigeria Evidence for camel-to-human transmission of MERS coronavirus Middle East Respiratory Syndrome: Emergence of a Pathogenic Human Coronavirus Epidemiological, demographic, and clinical characteristics of 47 cases of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus disease from Saudi Arabia: A descriptive study Risk Factors for Fatal Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infections in Saudi Arabia: Analysis of the WHO Line List Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Preliminary Phylogenetic Analysis of 11 nCoV2019 Genomes Genomic Epidemiology of Novel Coronavirus (nCoV) Using Data Generated by Fudan University, China CDC, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Thai National Institute of Health Shared via GISAID Discovery of a novel coronavirus associated with the recent pneumonia outbreak in humans and its potential bat origin Jumping species-a mechanism for coronavirus persistence and survival
    keywords: 2019; cases; coronavirus; cov; health; human; mers; ncov; sars
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        item: #2531 of 5187
          id: cord-301638-2f8r37ns
      author: Bonney, Glenn Kunnath
       title: SARS-COV-2 associated acute pancreatitis: Cause, consequence or epiphenomenon?
        date: 2020-05-29
       words: 709
      flesch: 35
     summary: Published Online First Review of Infectious Etiology of Acute Pancreatitis Binding of SARS coronavirus to its receptor damages islets and causes acute diabetes SARS-CoV-2 entry factors are highly expressed in nasal epithelial cells together with innate immune genes Infection of bat and human intestinal organoids by SARS-CoV-2 The authors have no conflicts of interest or financial support to declare. Not only is there uncertainty about the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 associated AP but there are also questions about its clinical features and pathogenesis.
    keywords: acute; sars
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        item: #2532 of 5187
          id: cord-301641-epr1sct6
      author: Kumar, Durgesh
       title: Understanding the binding affinity of noscapines with protease of SARS-CoV-2 for COVID-19 using MD simulations at different temperatures
        date: 2020-05-04
       words: 4109
      flesch: 39
     summary: The outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)-An emerging global health threat Molecular dynamics simulation of thermo-mechanical behaviour of elastomer cross-linked via multifunctional zwitterions Risk assessment of novel coronavirus COVID-19 outbreaks outside RCSB Protein Data Bank: Sustaining a living digital data resource that enables breakthroughs in scientific research and biomedical education Identification of hot spot residues on serine-arginine protein kinase-1 by molecular dynamics simulation studies 3D QSAR, docking, molecular dynamics simulations and MM-GBSA studies of extended side chain of the antitubercular drug (6S) 2-nitro-6-f[4-(trifluoromethoxy) benzyl Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation studies to identify potent AURKA inhibitors: Assessing the performance of density functional theory, MM-GBSA and mass action kinetics calculations QSAR study of anti-Human African Trypanosomiasis activity for 2-phenylimidazopyridines derivatives using DFT and Lipinski's descriptors Comprehensive evaluation of the MM-GBSA method on bromodomain-inhibitor sets Crystal structure and the DFT and MEP study of 4-benzyl-2-[2-(4-fluoro-phen-yl)-2-oxoeth-yl]-6-phenyl-pyridazin-3(2H)-one The Amber Biomolecular Simulation Programs Identifying locations with possible undetected imported severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 cases by using importation predictions Steered molecular dynamics simulation in rational drug design Molecular modeling study of checkpoint kinase 1 inhibitors by multiple docking strategies and prime/MM-GBSA calculation Psychological interventions for people affected by the COVID-19 epidemic In docking study, prepared target protein and drug molecule were loaded into ParDOCK, a web server.
    keywords: binding; complex; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; drug; energy; et al; protease; sars
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        item: #2533 of 5187
          id: cord-301677-b6mnn27h
      author: Soleimanian, Saeede
       title: Harnessing Memory NK Cell to Protect Against COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-20
       words: 9758
      flesch: 28
     summary: In mice, it has been initially described that cytomegalovirus infection drives adaptive features of NK Cells with altered effector function, where NK cells bearing Ly49H receptors expanded and provided stronger responses after a secondary encounter with the virus. A subset of NK cells exhibits putatively increased effector functions against viruses following pathogen-specific and immunization.
    keywords: adaptive; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; cytokine; disease; et al; hcmv; human; immune; infection; killer; lung; memory; nk cells; patients; respiratory; responses; role; sars; virus
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        item: #2534 of 5187
          id: cord-301693-3hsu2u1k
      author: He, Yuwen
       title: Value of Viral Nucleic Acid in Sputum and Feces and Specific IgM/IgG in Serum for the Diagnosis of Coronavirus Disease 2019
        date: 2020-08-06
       words: 3557
      flesch: 46
     summary: In order to diagnose a large number of patients, samples of lower respiratory tract such as sputum with high positive rate are generally collected for viral nucleic acid detection (Han et al., 2020; We speculate that serological test can effectively make up for the omission risk of viral nucleic acid detection, thus possessing important value in the timely diagnosis and prevention of COVID-19.
    keywords: acid; cov-2; detection; nucleic; patients; sars; sputum
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        item: #2535 of 5187
          id: cord-301730-flv5lnv8
      author: Pandey, Anamika
       title: Natural Plant Products: A Less Focused Aspect for the COVID-19 Viral Outbreak
        date: 2020-10-15
       words: 7111
      flesch: 35
     summary: Afterward, continuous efforts have been made to screen different plant sources via in silico, in vitro, and in vivo assays for anti-viral activity towards several viruses such as parainfluenza virus type 3, respiratory syncytial virus, poliovirus type 1, herpes simplex virus (HSV), enteric coronavirus, and rotavirus (RV). Few compounds such as dihydrotanshinone isolated from the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza showed anti-viral activity against both SARS and MERS CoV by the inhibition of proteases and hindering of the viral entry, respectively (Park et al., 2012; Kim et al., 2018) .
    keywords: activity; anti; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; covid-19; drugs; et al; inhibitors; mers; plant; potential; protease; sars; trials
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        item: #2536 of 5187
          id: cord-301744-rx7ywew5
      author: Kelleni, Mina T.
       title: SARS CoV-2 viral load might not be the right predictor of COVID-19 mortality
        date: 2020-08-15
       words: 374
      flesch: 34
     summary: Noteworthy, a systematic review of literature has previously demonstrated that seven studies observed increases in SARS CoV-2 viral loads prior to clinical deterioration and vice versa, yet it's also reported other seven studies that found little to no difference in viral load between pre-symptomatic, asymptomatic and symptomatic patients 2 . ACE2 polymorphisms might be a better field of study than SARS CoV-2 viral load wishing to develop a genetic test that might predict and exempt, if possible, from COVID-19 related duty those who are more vulnerable to complications and mortality 4 SARS-CoV-2 viral load predicts COVID-19 mortality SARS-CoV-2 detection, viral load and infectivity over the course of an infection ACE2 receptor polymorphism:
    keywords: load
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        item: #2537 of 5187
          id: cord-301771-43fl2gwp
      author: Ouassou, Hayat
       title: The Pathogenesis of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Evaluation and Prevention
        date: 2020-07-10
       words: 3881
      flesch: 40
     summary: COVID-19 infection: origin, transmission, and characteristics of human coronaviruses World Health Organization, Laboratory testing for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in suspected human cases, World Health Organization Outbreak of pneumonia of unknown etiology in Wuhan China: the mystery and the miracle Pneumonia of unknown aetiology in Wuhan, China: potential for international spread via commercial air travel Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus: The species and its viruses -a statement of the Coronavirus Study Group Corona virus international public health emergencies: implications for radiology management Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): The epidemic and the challenges Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Situation Report 61 The next big threat to global health? The last section is on administrative policies and regulations that include educating caregivers on how to dealing patients, developing policies and plans through which early recognition of acute respiratory infection potentially caused by COVID-19 virus, preventing overcrowding in public places as much as possible, ensuring that the necessary equipment for health care is provided in sufficient quantities and permanently, providing protection to quarantine areas by the authorities to reduce patients' contact with healthy people, and imposing sanctions on those who violate the provisions that have been put in place by the authorities to limit the spread of the COVID-19 virus [56] .
    keywords: 2019; china; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; health; novel; patients; sars; treatment
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        item: #2538 of 5187
          id: cord-301779-y07xjnpe
      author: Fox, Sharon E
       title: Pulmonary and cardiac pathology in African American patients with COVID-19: an autopsy series from New Orleans
        date: 2020-05-27
       words: 3289
      flesch: 39
     summary: Autopsy can considerably contribute to our understanding of many disease processes and could provide crucial information to guide management of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Features of diffuse alveolar damage, including hyaline membranes, were present, even in patients who had not been ventilated.
    keywords: appendix; covid-19; figure; findings; infection; lungs; patients; sars
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        item: #2539 of 5187
          id: cord-301811-ykpiorgo
      author: Tanaka, Takuma
       title: Estimation of the percentages of undiagnosed patients of the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection in Hokkaido, Japan by using birth-death process with recursive full tracing
        date: 2020-10-28
       words: 5533
      flesch: 53
     summary: If the individuals who came into contact with diagnosed patients had been so intensively tested that a much larger number of asymptomatic patients had been diagnosed, the analysis would have needed an extended model including asymptomatic diagnosed patients. Moreover, our model cannot utilize information on asymptomatic diagnosed patients.
    keywords: asymptomatic; contact; individuals; model; number; patients; tracing
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        item: #2540 of 5187
          id: cord-301823-fbeb1nw1
      author: Sridhar, Sushmita
       title: A blueprint for the implementation of a validated approach for the detection of SARS-Cov2 in clinical samples in academic facilities
        date: 2020-10-21
       words: 6124
      flesch: 46
     summary: key: cord-301823-fbeb1nw1 authors: Sridhar, Sushmita; Forrest, Sally; Kean, Iain; Young, Jamie; Bartholdson Scott, Josefin; Maes, Mailis; Pereira-Dias, Joana; Parmar, Surendra; Routledge, Matthew; Sparkes, Dominic; Rivett, Lucy; Dougan, Gordon; Weekes, Michael; Curran, Martin; Goodfellow, Ian; Baker, Stephen title: A blueprint for the implementation of a validated approach for the detection of SARS-Cov2 in clinical samples in academic facilities date: 2020-10-21 journal: Eurosurveillance Editorial Team: Updated rapid risk assessment from ECDC on the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic: increased transmission in the EU/EEA and the UK Challenges for NHS hospitals during covid-19 epidemic COVID-19: towards controlling of a pandemic PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | Free Full Text The Laboratory Diagnosis of COVID-19: Current Issues and Challenges Virological assessment of hospitalized patients with COVID-2019 RT-qPCR detection of SARS-COV-2 RNA from patient nasopharyngeal swab using qiagen rneasy kits or directly via omission of an rna extraction step Rapid and simple method for purification of nucleic acids The use of control charts in the clinical laboratory Performance characteristics of rules for internal quality control: probabilities for false rejection and error detection countries: COVID-19 and risks to the supply and quality of tests, drugs, and vaccines PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | Free Full Text A blueprint for the implementation of a validated approach for the detection of SARS-Cov2 in clinical samples in academic facilities: extended data We wish to acknowledge all involved from the onset in giving their time, effort, and knowledge in getting this going.
    keywords: assay; cov2; covid-19; data; hospital; laboratory; pcr; plate; samples; sars; staff
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        item: #2541 of 5187
          id: cord-301828-qux5hvcw
      author: Khalifa, Ibrahim
       title: Tannins inhibit SARS‐CoV‐2 through binding with catalytic dyad residues of 3CL(pro): An in silico approach with 19 structural different hydrolysable tannins
        date: 2020-08-11
       words: 2525
      flesch: 34
     summary: Hydrolysable tannins are also measured to be valuable in eliminating the opposing effects of several chemotherapeutic stuffs as well as in extending permanency and achieving positive overall health with anticancer possible and can be utilized as a substitute cancer-drug supply (Buzzini et al., 2008; Lin et al., 2011; Aires, 2020; Jia et al., 2019; Zhu, Khalifa, Peng, & Lic, 2018) . Hydrolysable tannins, including punicalagin, punicalin, and geraniin, exerted antiviral effects toward B virus by averting the creation of cccDNA and indorsing cccDNA decline, which may aid as chief components for the expansion of novel agents to remedy HBV-infection (Liu et al., 2016) .
    keywords: 3cl; covid-19; inhibitors; pedunculagin; pro; sars; tannins
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        item: #2542 of 5187
          id: cord-301876-d2j9wpqk
      author: Kalita, Parismita
       title: Design of a peptide-based subunit vaccine against novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-05-04
       words: 3458
      flesch: 45
     summary: Few groups have designed subunit vaccines against SARS-CoV-2; however, their workflow involved either use of single protein for vaccine design [24, 25] or used only CTL epitopes without considering the importance of B-cell or HTL epitopes [26] . Our subsequent analysis of the changes in the Rg for the vaccine-TLR3 complex during the simulation was also determined, and the average Rg was found to be 1.47 nm, demonstrating the compactness of the TLR3 receptor with vaccine subunit during the simulations ( Figure 4C ).
    keywords: cell; coronavirus; covid-19; epitopes; protein; receptor; sars; subunit; vaccine
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        item: #2543 of 5187
          id: cord-301921-i1o18nmw
      author: Sernicola, Alvise
       title: How to Deal With Post-viral Cutaneous Eruptions in the Era of Coronavirus Infection
        date: 2020-05-12
       words: 1146
      flesch: 34
     summary: Reported skin involvement was consistent with that commonly observed during viral infections and was described as an erythematous rash in 14 patients, a urticarial rash in three patients, and a chickenpox-like vesicular rash in one subject. Shortly thereafter, in a Chinese series of seven critical COVID-19 patients, acral ischemia presenting as cyanosis of fingers and toes with blisters and gangrene was reported in all subjects and correlated to an hypercoagulative state secondary to viral infection (8) .
    keywords: disease; patients; skin
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        item: #2544 of 5187
          id: cord-301942-ppa7gb95
      author: Neuman, Benjamin W.
       title: Ultrastructure of SARS-CoV, FIPV, and MHV Revealed by Electron Cryomicroscopy
        date: 2006
       words: 1190
      flesch: 37
     summary: Examples include influenza virus This work was supported by NIH grants AI059799, AI025913, and NS41219, and by NIH/NIAID contract HHSN266200400058C. The transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus contains a spherical core shell consisting of M and N proteins Electron microscopy of influenza virus.
    keywords: cryo; particles; sars; virus
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        item: #2545 of 5187
          id: cord-301943-qdtfjdxr
      author: Javelot, H
       title: Panique et pandémie: revue de la littérature sur les liens entre le trouble panique et l'épidémie à SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-05-21
       words: 4744
      flesch: 37
     summary: Cette dernière est utilisée pour décrire tout à la fois un état de panique, global, non spécifié, de la population (conduisant à des qualificatifs de « panique sociale », « panique sociétale », « réactions de panique ») Plusieurs études ont démontré les effets néfastes de l'utilisation chronique de benzodiazépines à haute puissance (comme l'alprazolam) sur les résultats à court et à long terme des traitements cognitivo-comportementaux (TCC) du
    keywords: comme; cov-2; covid-19; dans; des; disorder; les; panic; panique; par; patients; respiratoire; risque; sars; sur; trouble; une
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        item: #2546 of 5187
          id: cord-301946-erzh30mt
      author: Kwak-Kim, Joanne
       title: COVID-19 and immunomodulation treatment for women with reproductive failures
        date: 2020-06-12
       words: 5611
      flesch: 27
     summary: Gonzalez et al. 2018 , Liu et al. 2018 . It is a calcineurin inhibitor that suppresses the production of IL-2 and thus, inhibits the development and proliferation of T cells (Kay et al. 1989 ).
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; covid-19; et al; immune; infection; patients; pregnancy; sars; tnf; treatment; women
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        item: #2547 of 5187
          id: cord-301947-b6nwaost
      author: Millán-Oñate, José
       title: Successful recovery of COVID-19 pneumonia in a patient from Colombia after receiving chloroquine and clarithromycin
        date: 2020-04-24
       words: 3712
      flesch: 45
     summary: Even, there is a lack of case reports of COVID-19 patients recovering from SARS-CoV-2 infection [21, 22] . In Colombia, the Ministry of Health and the Colombian Association of Infectious Diseases [38] , have considered the possible use of chloroquine for COVID-19 patients, in those hospitalized under close medical observation, as was our case.
    keywords: case; chloroquine; clinical; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; day; patient; sars; treatment
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        item: #2548 of 5187
          id: cord-301974-4wn40ivq
      author: Berry, Jody D
       title: Development and characterisation of neutralising monoclonal antibody to the SARS-coronavirus
        date: 2004-09-01
       words: 5883
      flesch: 46
     summary: Assays that detect the presence of virally encoded proteins or nucleic acids may be preferable for diagnosis of SARS infections as the development of serum antibodies in infected individuals is quite protracted (Li et al., 2003a) . This is important as early detection of SARS infections is key to risk management of this disease.
    keywords: antigen; binding; cell; cov; elisa; immunoblot; mabs; neutralising; protein; sars; specific; spike; virus
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        item: #2549 of 5187
          id: cord-301978-9uu318tp
      author: Yin, Xiaoping
       title: A mild type of childhood Covid-19 - A case report
        date: 2020-03-27
       words: 1221
      flesch: 49
     summary: Many studies have reported epidemics in adults and even the old, but attention has rarely been paid to reports on children patients. key: cord-301978-9uu318tp authors: Yin, Xiaoping; Dong, Li; Zhang, Yu; Bian, Weilin; Li, Hongjun title: A mild type of childhood Covid-19 - A case report date: 2020-03-27 journal: Radiol Infect Dis DOI: 10.1016/j.jrid.2020.03.004 sha: doc_id: 301978 cord_uid: 9uu318tp This case is about a 9-year-old child diagnosed with COVID-19, with a history of epidemiology; SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acids testing was positive, while chest CT examination was negative.
    keywords: cov-2; imaging; patients; sars
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        item: #2550 of 5187
          id: cord-302015-z2k6wuhm
      author: Bonardel, Claire
       title: Bilateral posterior infarction in a SARS-Cov-2 infected patient: discussion about an unusual case
        date: 2020-06-28
       words: 1025
      flesch: 35
     summary: key: cord-302015-z2k6wuhm authors: Bonardel, Claire; Bonnerot, Mathieu; Ludwig, Marie; Vadot, Wilfried; Beaune, Gaspard; Chanzy, Bruno; Cornut, Lucie; Baysson, Hélène; Farines, Magali; Combes, Isabelle; Macheda, Gabriel; Bing, Fabrice title: Bilateral posterior infarction in a SARS-Cov-2 infected patient: discussion about an unusual case date: 2020-06-28 journal: J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.105095 sha: doc_id: 302015 cord_uid: z2k6wuhm Bilateral posterior infarction in a SARS-Cov-2 infected patient: discussion about an unusual case
    keywords: infarction; mri; patient; sars; stroke
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        item: #2551 of 5187
          id: cord-302020-ypsh3rjv
      author: Kim, Dongwan
       title: The Architecture of SARS-CoV-2 Transcriptome
        date: 2020-04-23
       words: 6130
      flesch: 51
     summary: Viral RNA modification was first described more than 40 years ago (Gokhale and Horner, 2017) . It was recently shown that HCoV-229E nsp8 has an adenylyltransferase activity, which may extend poly(A) tail of viral RNA (Tvarogová et al., 2019) .
    keywords: cov-2; drs; figure; genome; length; modification; poly(a; reads; rna; rnas; sars; sequencing; viral
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        item: #2552 of 5187
          id: cord-302075-ctd9sutv
      author: Tetro, Jason A.
       title: Is COVID-19 receiving ADE from other coronaviruses?
        date: 2020-02-22
       words: 1268
      flesch: 40
     summary: Antibodydependent infection of human macrophages by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike antibodies trigger infection of human immune cells via a pH-and cysteine protease-independent FcgR pathway Antibodydependent SARS coronavirus infection is mediated by antibodies against spike proteins Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus-induced lung epithelial cytokines exacerbate SARS pathogenesis by modulating intrinsic functions of monocyte-derived macrophages and dendritic cells Dysregulated type I interferon and inflammatory monocyte-macrophage responses cause lethal pneumonia in SARS-CoV-infected mice Epidemiological and genetic analysis of severe acute respiratory syndrome Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus e the species and its viruses, a statement of the Coronavirus Study Group Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding Identification of two antigenic epitopes on SARS-CoV spike protein Seroprevalence of IgG antibodies to SARS-coronavirus in asymptomatic or subclinical population groups Deciphering the bat virome catalog to better understand the ecological diversity of bat viruses and the bat origin of emerging infectious diseases None. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronaviruseinfected pneumonia in Wuhan Cytokine responses in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-infected macrophages in vitro: possible relevance to pathogenesis New coronavirus may be no more dangerous than the flu despite worldwide alarm: experts [Internet] Natl Post 2020 Evasion of antibody neutralization in emerging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses Neutralizing antibody response and SARS severity
    keywords: ade; coronavirus; cov; sars
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        item: #2553 of 5187
          id: cord-302111-kg0dmgq0
      author: Darden, Dijoia B.
       title: The Clinical Presentation and Immunology of Viral Pneumonia and Implications for Management of Coronavirus Disease 2019
        date: 2020-04-29
       words: 4498
      flesch: 21
     summary: Severe viral pneumonia can manifest as sepsis and respiratory distress requiring intensive care (11) . The most severely ill group of 12 patients demonstrated impaired expression of numerous genes participating in adaptive immune responses (e.g., diminished antigen presentation, B-cell development, T-helper cell differentiation, and apoptosis), suggesting impaired adaptive immunity in severe viral pneumonia (55) .
    keywords: community; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; infection; influenza; patients; pneumonia; presentation; review; sars; vaccine
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        item: #2554 of 5187
          id: cord-302115-r39ser2c
      author: Matricardi, Paolo Maria
       title: The first, holistic immunological model of COVID‐19: implications for prevention, diagnosis, and public health measures
        date: 2020-05-02
       words: 3743
      flesch: 37
     summary: medRxiv preprint 2020 Minimum infective dose of the major human respiratory and enteric viruses transmitted through food and the environment SARS-CoV-2 viral load and the severity of COVID-19 Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan Incubation Period and Other Epidemiological Characteristics of 2019 Novel Coronavirus Infections with Right Truncation: A Statistical Analysis of Publicly Available Case Data SARS-CoV-2 viral load in upper respiratory specimens of infected patients Chest CT Findings in Cases from the Cruise Ship Diamond Princess Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study Organ distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in SARS patients: implications for Accepted Article Among them, hospital doctors frequently exposed to COVID-19 patients are, unfortunately, highly represented.
    keywords: article; copyright; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; patients; pneumonia; respiratory; rights; sars
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        item: #2555 of 5187
          id: cord-302125-96w0nh9q
      author: Péré, Hélène
       title: Sequential SARS-CoV-2 IgG assays as confirmatory strategy to confirm equivocal results: Hospital-wide antibody screening in 3,569 staff health care workers in Paris
        date: 2020-09-03
       words: 373
      flesch: 31
     summary: key: cord-302125-96w0nh9q authors: Péré, Hélène; Wack, Maxime; Védie, Benoit; Guinet, Nathalie Demory; Najiby, Kassis Chikani; Janot, Laurence; Bélec, Laurent; Veyer, David title: Sequential SARS-CoV-2 IgG assays as confirmatory strategy to confirm equivocal results: Hospital-wide antibody screening in 3,569 staff health care workers in Paris date: 2020-09-03 journal: J Clin Virol DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104617 sha: doc_id: 302125 cord_uid: 96w0nh9q nan Sequential SARS-CoV-2 IgG assays as confirmatory strategy to confirm equivocal results: Hospital-wide antibody screening in 3,569 staff health care workers in Paris Running title: Sequential SARS-CoV-2 serology testing in health-workers Hélène Péré 1,2,3 , Maxime Wack 4 , Benoit Védie 5 , Nathalie Demory Guinet 6 , Kassis Chikani Najiby 7 , Laurence Janot 6 , Laurent Bélec 1,2,3 , David Veyer 1, 8 surface protein, with the high-throughput UniCel DxI 800 Access Immunoassay System (Beckman Coulter), to increase hospital productivity in SARS-CoV-2 IgG serology testing. The virology laboratory of Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou was then called upon to test all hospital staff exposed to the virus during the epidemic peak.
    keywords: igg; sars
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        item: #2556 of 5187
          id: cord-302146-51hof7it
      author: Cross, Thomas J.
       title: Sequence characterization and molecular modeling of clinically relevant variants of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease
        date: 2020-05-15
       words: 3668
      flesch: 37
     summary: The solid arcs around the outside of the diagram indicate M pro mutations; color coding corresponds to the geographical source. Whether and how M pro mutations have affected viral fitness is not yet known, but at least three mutants have remained in the population long enough to accumulate another mutation: L220F to A191V/L220F, G15S to G15S/D48E and G15S/V35L, and K90R to V77A/K90R. It is worth noting that although a single variant A191V exists, the A191V/L220F double variant likely stemmed from an L220F ancestor due to its shared lineage with L220F single variants.
    keywords: analysis; mutations; pro; protease; protein; residues; sars; structure; variants
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        item: #2557 of 5187
          id: cord-302147-6r67g5zk
      author: Kayaaslan, Bircan
       title: Semen Does Not Cause Additional Risk for SARS-CoV-2 Transmission during Sexual Contact
        date: 2020-10-16
       words: 370
      flesch: 48
     summary: The risk of respiratory contact or other risky behaviors that are revealed during sexual activity was not mentioned. We think that even if severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is detected in a patient's semen sample, it is quite difficult to say that the transmission between partners has solely been through semen.
    keywords: semen
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        item: #2558 of 5187
          id: cord-302160-4yfvspaq
      author: Ruetalo, Natalia
       title: Rapid and efficient inactivation of surface dried SARS-CoV-2 by UV-C irradiation
        date: 2020-10-07
       words: 1866
      flesch: 41
     summary: Rapid inactivation of 223 SARS-CoV-2 with deep-UV LED irradiation 225 Effectiveness of 222-nm ultraviolet light on disinfecting SARS-CoV-2 surface contamination 228 Susceptibility of SARS-CoV-2 to UV irradiation An 230 Infectious cDNA Clone of SARS-CoV-2 No touch' technologies for environmental 232 decontamination: focus on ultraviolet devices and hydrogen peroxide systems Williamson 237 BN, et al. 168 Effect of ultraviolet germicidal irradiation on viral aerosols Role of ultraviolet (UV) disinfection in infection control and 208 environmental cleaning Role of Ultraviolet Disinfection in 210 the Prevention of Surgical Site Infections Stability of SARS 212 coronavirus in human specimens and environment and its sensitivity to heating and UV 213 irradiation Large-scale preparation of UV-inactivated SARS coronavirus 215 virions for vaccine antigen Inactivation of the coronavirus 217 that induces severe acute respiratory syndrome, SARS-CoV UV Dose) Achieve Incremental Log Inactivation of Bacteria, Protozoa, Viruses and Algae
    keywords: cov-2; sars
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        item: #2559 of 5187
          id: cord-302163-0jav84zw
      author: Anastassopoulou, Cleo
       title: Human genetic factors associated with susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease severity
        date: 2020-10-22
       words: 4834
      flesch: 31
     summary: doi.org HLA allele frequencies and susceptibility to COVID-19 in a group of 99 Italian patients Presence of genetic variants among young men with severe COVID-19 Human TLRs and IL-1Rs in host defense: natural insights from evolutionary, epidemiological, and clinical genetics Control of coronavirus infection through plasmacytoid dendritic-cell-derived type I interferon Bioinformatic analysis and identification of single-stranded RNA sequences recognized by TLR7/8 in the SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV genomes IFN-I response timing relative to virus replication determines MERS coronavirus infection outcomes Imbalanced host response to SARS-CoV-2 drives development of COVID-19 The X chromosome and sex-specific effects in infectious disease susceptibility Sexual dimorphism in innate immunity Sex-based differences in immune function and responses to vaccination Female predisposition to TLR7-driven autoimmunity: gene dosage and the escape from X chromosome inactivation Estrogens and autoimmune diseases Preexisting comorbidities predicting COVID-19 and mortality in the UK Biobank Community Cohort ApoE e2 and agingrelated outcomes in 379,000 UK Biobank participants APOE e4 genotype predicts severe COVID-19 in the UK Biobank community cohort Apolipoprotein E -a multifunctional protein with implications in various pathologies as a result of its structural features IFITM3 restricts the morbidity and mortality associated with influenza Breadth of concomitant immune responses prior to patient recovery: a case report of non-severe COVID-19 Early hypercytokinemia is associated with interferon-induced transmembrane protein-3 dysfunction and predictive of fatal H7N9 infection ABO blood group and susceptibility to severe acute respiratory syndrome Relationship between the ABO blood group and the COVID-19 susceptibility Relationship between ABO blood group distribution and clinical characteristics in patients with COVID-19 Harnessing the natural anti-glycan immune response to limit the transmission of enveloped viruses such as SARS-CoV-2 Novel genetic loci identified for the pathophysiology of childhood obesity in the Hispanic population Elevated interleukin-6 and severe COVID-19: a meta-analysis A genome-wide association scan on the levels of markers of inflammation in Sardinians reveals associations that underpin its complex regulation ABO blood group and von Willebrand factor: biological implications ABO blood group is a determinant of von Willebrand factor protein levels in human pulmonary endothelial cells Testing the association between blood type and COVID-19 infection, intubation, and death SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor Single-cell RNA-seq data analysis on the receptor ACE2 expression reveals the potential risk of different human organs vulnerable to 2019-nCoV infection New insights into genetic susceptibility of COVID-19: an ACE2 and TMPRSS2 polymorphism analysis TMPRSS2 and COVID-19: serendipity or opportunity for intervention? Variability in genes related to SARS-CoV-2 entry into host cells (ACE2, TMPRSS2, TMPRSS11A, ELANE, and CTSL) and its potential use in association studies SARS-CoV-2 transmission in patients with cancer at a tertiary care hospital in Wuhan, China Age-related expression of SARS-CoV-2 primining protease TMPRSS2 in the developing lung Identifying genetic variants that affect viability in large cohorts ACE2 and TMPRSS2 variants and expression as candidates to sex and country differences in COVID-19 severity in Italy ACE2 gene variants may underlie interindividual variability and susceptibility to COVID-19 in the Italian population Analysis of ACE2 genetic variants in 131 Italian SARS-CoV-2-positive patients COVID-19 and genetic variants of protein involved in the SARS-CoV-2 entry into the host cells A survey of genetic variants in SARS-CoV-2 interacting domains of ACE2, TMPRSS2 and TLR3/7/8 across populations Publisher's Note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations Not applicable. The increasing availability of data from COVID-19 patient populations is allowing for potential associations to be made between specific gene loci and disease severity or susceptibility to infection.
    keywords: ace2; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; patients; risk; sars; severity; susceptibility; tmprss2; variants
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        item: #2560 of 5187
          id: cord-302166-tah3jdw0
      author: Zhang, Shen-Ying
       title: Severe COVID-19 in the young and healthy: monogenic inborn errors of immunity?
        date: 2020-06-18
       words: 1602
      flesch: 33
     summary: The dis coveries of these IEIs demonstrated that severe disease due to primary infection with a common virus that is benign in the general population can result from a monogenic 'hole' in human immunity. Other IEIs underlying severe viral diseases, with incomplete or unknown penet rance, have since been reported 1, 7, 8 .
    keywords: covid-19; immunity; monogenic; patients
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        item: #2561 of 5187
          id: cord-302195-25gjbyi1
      author: Al Huraimel, Khalid
       title: SARS-CoV-2 in the environment: Modes of transmission, early detection and potential role of pollutions
        date: 2020-07-15
       words: 7091
      flesch: 36
     summary: Genetic material of SARS-CoV-2 has already been J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f detected in wastewater samples from the Region of Valencia, Spain (Randazzo et al., 2020a) , Amsterdam Airport Schiphol, Netherlands (Lodder and de Roda Husman, 2020) , Australia (Ahmed et al., 2020) , Massachusetts, USA (Wu et al., 2020a) , France (Wurtzer et al., 2020) , Milan, Italy (La Rosa et al., 2020; Rimoldi et al., 2020) , Istanbul, Turkey (Kocamemi et al., 2020) and China (Wang et al., 2020d) . Since wastewater contains viruses excreted from infected individuals in a given wastewater treatment plant catchment population, wastewater surveillance and quantification of SARS CoV-2 can be an effective tool in estimating the number of infections in a community at an early stage of the outbreak (Ahmed et al., 2020; Mallapaty, 2020; Wu et al., 2020a) .
    keywords: air; coronavirus; covid-19; et al; evidence; pandemic; pollution; rna; sars; spread; transmission; virus; wastewater
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        item: #2562 of 5187
          id: cord-302228-n5o6jfs2
      author: Lodise, Thomas P.
       title: COVID‐19: Important Therapy Considerations and Approaches in this Hour of Need
        date: 2020-05-05
       words: 1936
      flesch: 43
     summary: If data are amassed on COVID-19 patients, it is important that detailed information is collected on the outcomes associated with the treatment strategies used at our respective institutions. In conclusion, it is critically important that we ensure the most optimal therapy is delivered to COVID-19 patients in an expeditious fashion.
    keywords: covid-19; patients; sars; treatment
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        item: #2563 of 5187
          id: cord-302238-l8j1vy0y
      author: Shah, Prakesh S.
       title: Classification system and case definition for SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in pregnant women, fetuses, and neonates
        date: 2020-04-21
       words: 944
      flesch: 32
     summary: Epub An analysis of 38 pregnant women with COVID-19, their newborn infants, and maternal-fetal transmission of SARS-CoV-2: maternal coronavirus infections and pregnancy outcomes Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records Can SARS-CoV-2 infection be acquired in utero?: more definitive evidence is needed Possible vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from an infected mother to her newborn Antibodies in infants born to mothers with COVID-19 pneumonia Chinese expert consensus on the perinatal and neonatal management for the prevention and control of the 2019 novel coronavirus infection COVID-19 -Recommendations for Management of Pregnant Women and Neonates with Suspected or Confirmed COVID-19 British Association of Perinatal Medicine. We have avoided terminology such as 'vertical' or 'horizontal transmission' and rather developed a system that classifies transmission as congenital infection in intrauterine death/ stillbirth, congenital infection in live born, neonatal infection acquired intrapartum, or neonatal infection acquired postnatally, 14 which aligns with the actual pathological process as opposed to unknown directions of transmission.
    keywords: infection; mother; transmission
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        item: #2564 of 5187
          id: cord-302316-raf5rlkq
      author: Brüssow, Harald
       title: COVID‐19: From pathogenesis models to the first drug trials
        date: 2020-06-23
       words: 6948
      flesch: 40
     summary: A Chinese study used anakinra in severe COVID-19 patients who could not receive intensive care due to overwhelming patient numbers. The Authors Isolation of SARS-CoV-2-related coronavirus from malayan pangolins Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome Effective treatment of severe COVID-19 patients with tocilizumab Effect of convalescent plasma therapy on viral shedding and survival in COVID-19 patients SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 is an interferon-stimulated gene in human airway epithelial cells and is detected in specific cell subsets across tissues I thank Jacqueline Steinhauser, and Kenneth Timmis and Lutz Br€ ussow for critical reading of the manuscript.
    keywords: cell; cov-2; covid-19; disease; group; infection; interferon; lung; patients; sars; study; treatment; trial; virus
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        item: #2565 of 5187
          id: cord-302358-vou46eie
      author: Fomsgaard, Anna S
       title: An alternative workflow for molecular detection of SARS-CoV-2 - escape from the NA extraction kit-shortage
        date: 2020-03-30
       words: 1722
      flesch: 46
     summary: The RT-qPCR results (number of positives and Ct values) from the different approaches were compared to the RT-qPCR results from MagNA Pure purified samples. Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 positive and negative oropharyngeal swaps using the SensiFAST TM kit showed a 97.4% sensitivity, 100% specificity and 98.3% accuracy when samples were heat-processed for 5 min. at 98˚C before the RT-qPCR reaction and compared to MagNA Pure purified samples (Table 1) .
    keywords: cov-2; preprint; sars
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        item: #2566 of 5187
          id: cord-302381-oujsmf8d
      author: Rankin, John
       title: Godzilla in the corridor: The Ontario SARS crisis in historical perspective
        date: 2006-06-30
       words: 5101
      flesch: 60
     summary: Finally, the terrible shortages, which left nurses exhausted and vulnerable to feelings of isolation, led many nurses to turn to alcohol or other dangerous methods of stress relief. This discussion provides descriptions of these expressions through nurses who experienced the crisis and chose to go on the public record.
    keywords: crisis; disease; epidemic; health; nurses; nursing; public; rnao; sars
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        item: #2567 of 5187
          id: cord-302382-eifh95zm
      author: Owji, Hajar
       title: Immunotherapeutic approaches to curtail COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-21
       words: 11329
      flesch: 34
     summary: Immunology The FDA-approved gold drug Auranofin inhibits novel coronavirus (SARS-COV-2) replication and attenuates inflammation in human cells TNF-[alpha] inhibition for potential therapeutic modulation of SARS coronavirus infection Anti-inflammatory effect of thalidomide on H1N1 influenza virus-induced pulmonary injury in mice CD24 and Siglec-10 selectively repress tissue damage-induced immune responses CD24 and By contrast, a retrospective analysis of 401 patients with severe SARS revealed that corticosteroids led to reduced mortality rate and shortened hospital stay [163] .
    keywords: antibodies; antibody; cells; convalescent; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; cytokine; disease; human; immune; infection; inhibitors; monoclonal; patients; plasma; protein; responses; sars; syndrome; system; treatment
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        item: #2568 of 5187
          id: cord-302393-hrz3bypr
      author: Omrani, Ali S.
       title: The first consecutive 5000 patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 from Qatar; a nation-wide cohort study
        date: 2020-10-19
       words: 4544
      flesch: 48
     summary: COVID-19 patients with significant co-morbidities or moderate to severe disease were hospitalized for inpatient management. This has stimulated discussions around rationing of critical care support for COVID-19 patients, including potentially difficult decisions to withdraw resources from one patient to provide them to another
    keywords: admission; age; cov-2; covid-19; disease; icu; patients; sars; study; years
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        item: #2569 of 5187
          id: cord-302409-40ktyt5q
      author: Wang, Jie
       title: SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection of hospital isolation wards hygiene monitoring during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 outbreak in a Chinese hospital
        date: 2020-04-18
       words: 2772
      flesch: 44
     summary: key: cord-302409-40ktyt5q authors: Wang, Jie; Feng, Haiting; Zhang, Sheng; Ni, Zuowei; Ni, Lingmei; Chen, Yu; Zhuo, Lixin; Zhong, Zifeng; Qu, Tingting title: SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection of hospital isolation wards hygiene monitoring during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 outbreak in a Chinese hospital date: 2020-04-18 journal: Int J Infect Dis DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.04.024 sha: doc_id: 302409 cord_uid: 40ktyt5q OBJECTIVES: The aim of this paper was to monitor the presence of SARS-Cov-2 among hospital environment surfaces, sewage, and personal protective equipment (PPE) of staffs in isolation wards in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, China.
    keywords: cov-2; disinfection; isolation; patients; rna; sars; wards
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        item: #2570 of 5187
          id: cord-302414-g5onwhg1
      author: Tahir ul Qamar, Muhammad
       title: Reverse vaccinology assisted designing of multiepitope-based subunit vaccine against SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-09-16
       words: 6792
      flesch: 43
     summary: Interaction and binding patterns between receptor and vaccine protein were stable and higher. The quality score beyond the usual range of native proteins indicates a possible error in protein structure.
    keywords: analysis; cell; construct; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; epitopes; file; immune; mesv; prediction; protein; sars; server; structure; vaccine
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        item: #2571 of 5187
          id: cord-302442-jhio7mrl
      author: Chrzanowski, Wojciech
       title: Can Stem Cells Beat COVID-19: Advancing Stem Cells and Extracellular Vesicles Toward Mainstream Medicine for Lung Injuries Associated With SARS-CoV-2 Infections
        date: 2020-05-26
       words: 4167
      flesch: 25
     summary: Stem cell therapies and, more recently, their secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs), are emerging as new promising treatments, which could attenuate inflammation but also regenerate the lung damage caused by COVID-19. The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article/supplementary materials, further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author/s. Immunomodulation by mesenchymal stem cells: a potential therapeutic strategy for type 1 diabetes Prevalence of comorbidities in the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV): a systematic review and meta-analysis 80% of NYC's Coronavirus Patients Who Are Put on Ventilators Ultimately Die, and Some Doctors Are Trying to Stop Using Them Aggregation of human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) into 3D spheroids enhances their antiinflammatory properties Regulation and repair of the alveolar-capillary barrier in acute lung injury Extracellular vesicles, exosomes and shedding vesicles in regenerative medicine -a new paradigm for tissue repair The race for coronavirus vaccines: a graphical guide Sex-based differences in susceptibility to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Hydrogels with tunable stress relaxation regulate stem cell fate and activity Clinical study of mesenchymal stem cell treatment for acute respiratory distress syndrome induced by epidemic influenza A (H7N9) infection: a hint for COVID-19 treatment.
    keywords: cells; covid-19; lung; patients; sars; stem; treatment; trials
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        item: #2572 of 5187
          id: cord-302485-hhsa76k8
      author: Wu, Yuntao
       title: SARS-CoV-2 is an appropriate name for the new coronavirus
        date: 2020-03-06
       words: 854
      flesch: 47
     summary: The authors argued that the use of SARS in the virus name could confuse the public about the disease that it causes; in addition, they noted that the name SARS-CoV-2 is not consistent with the disease name chosen by WHO, coronavirus disease 2019. The use of SARS in naming SARS-CoV-2 does not derive from the name of the SARS disease but is a natural extension of the taxonomic practice for viruses in the SARS species.
    keywords: coronavirus; sars
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        item: #2573 of 5187
          id: cord-302527-n53d5en0
      author: Dadlani, Shashi
       title: SARS-CoV-2 Transmission in a Dental Practice in Spain: After the Outbreak
        date: 2020-06-29
       words: 2434
      flesch: 49
     summary: e inhalation of airborne particles and aerosol particles during dental treatments on patients with SARS-CoV-2 is a very high-risk procedure where dentists can be exposed to the virus. Patients will be advised to rinse their mouth with 0.2% povidone-iodine prior to dental treatment to reduce the viral load in saliva [23] .
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; outbreak; patients; practice; sars; transmission
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        item: #2574 of 5187
          id: cord-302576-fv2ib5vc
      author: Barisione, Emanuela
       title: Fibrotic progression and radiologic correlation in matched lung samples from COVID-19 post-mortems
        date: 2020-09-28
       words: 5460
      flesch: 32
     summary: This study uses an innovative cryobiopsy approach for the post-mortem sampling of lung tissues from COVID-19 patients demonstrating the progression of fibrosis in time and correlation with computed tomography features. Following the report of endotheliitis present in COVID-19 patients [27, 28] , this feature was also actively looked for but to no avail.
    keywords: covid-19; days; disease; findings; histologic; lesions; lung; patients; patterns; phase; sars; study
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        item: #2575 of 5187
          id: cord-302584-fwdpzv85
      author: Zhu, Ying
       title: Isolation of Virus from a SARS Patient and Genome-wide Analysis of Genetic Mutations Related to Pathogenesis and Epidemiology from 47 SARS-CoV Isolates
        date: 2005-01-01
       words: 3432
      flesch: 52
     summary: In this report, we described the isolation of a new SARS-CoV strain (WHU) from a patient in Hubei Province, China during the late period of SARS outbreak. He worked in Beijing during that time when SARS outbreak was occurring.
    keywords: cov; genome; isolates; mutations; period; sars; viral; virus
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        item: #2576 of 5187
          id: cord-302608-fw4pmaoc
      author: Huang, Jiao-Mei
       title: Evidence of the Recombinant Origin and Ongoing Mutations in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
        date: 2020-03-19
       words: 1894
      flesch: 45
     summary: Ninth report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses Fast gapped-read alignment with Bowtie 2 MEGAHIT: an ultra-fast single-node solution for large and complex metagenomics assembly via succinct de Bruijn graph Structure of SARS coronavirus spike receptor-binding domain complexed with receptor Bats are natural reservoirs of SARS-like coronaviruses Naturally occurring mutations in PB1 affect influenza A virus replication fidelity, virulence, and adaptability Full-length human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genomes from subtype C-infected seroconverters in India, with evidence of intersubtype recombination Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV): challenges in identifying its source and controlling its spread The molecular biology of coronaviruses IQ-TREE: a fast and effective stochastic algorithm for estimating maximum-likelihood phylogenies Severe acute respiratory syndrome From SARS coronavirus to novel animal and human coronaviruses Jalview Version 2-a multiple sequence alignment editor and analysis workbench Mechanisms of host receptor adaptation by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Evolution of the novel coronavirus from the ongoing Wuhan outbreak and modeling of its spike protein for risk of human transmission Management and prevention of SARS in China A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China Figure 2b and Table S1 describe that all key amino acid residues of RBD (except two positions) are completely homologues between SARS-CoV-2 (Wuhan-Hu-1_MN908947) and pangolin CoVs (pangolin/Guandong/1/2019 and pangolin/Guangdong/lung08), supporting our postulation of recombination event in S-protein gene.
    keywords: cov-2; covs; pangolin; sars
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        item: #2577 of 5187
          id: cord-302616-1uwrcvjx
      author: Steenblock, Charlotte
       title: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the neuroendocrine stress axis
        date: 2020-05-07
       words: 3877
      flesch: 33
     summary: On the use of corticosteroids for 2019-nCoV pneumonia Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors in patients with Covid-19 Timely mental health care for the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak is urgently needed Developmental trajectories of early life stress and trauma: a narrative review on neurobiological aspects beyond stress system dysregulation The adrenal gland in stress -adaptation on a cellular level Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axes: sex differences in regulation of stress responsivity Sex differences and stress across the lifespan SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor Structure, function, and antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein Origin and evolution of the 2019 novel coronavirus The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and its suppression Novel therapeutic approaches targeting the Renin-Angiotensin System and associated peptides in hypertension and heart failure The vasoprotective axes of the reninangiotensin system: Physiological relevance and therapeutic implications in cardiovascular, hypertensive and kidney diseases The ACE2/Angiotensin-(1-7)/MAS axis of the Renin-Angiotensin System: focus on angiotensin Classical Renin-Angiotensin system in kidney physiology Are patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus at increased risk for COVID-19 infection? Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 spike pseudotyped virus by recombinant ACE2-Ig Increasing brain angiotensin converting enzyme 2 activity Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the neuroendocrine stress axis decreases anxiety-like behavior in male mice by activating central Mas receptors Coupling corticotropin-releasing-hormone and angiotensin converting enzyme 2 dampens stress responsiveness in male mice Lethal infection of K18-hACE2 mice infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection causes neuronal death in the absence of encephalitis in mice transgenic for human ACE2 Mice transgenic for human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 provide a model for SARS coronavirus infection Single-cell RNA-seq data analysis on the receptor ACE2 expression reveals the potential risk of different human organs vulnerable to 2019-nCoV infection Effects of Taurine on ACE, ACE2 and HSP70 expression of hypothalamicpituitary-adrenal axis in stress-induced hypertensive rats Organ distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in SARS patients: implications for pathogenesis and virus transmission pathways The origin, transmission and clinical therapies on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak -an update on the status Multiple organ infection and the pathogenesis of SARS The neuroinvasive potential of SARS-CoV2 may play a role in the respiratory failure of COVID-19 patients COVID-19: the gendered impacts of the outbreak COVID-19 and Italy: what next? An appropriate response during acute stress is imperative for survival, but frequent or prolonged activation can change the functional tone of stress systems with ensuing deleterious effects.
    keywords: ace2; angiotensin; axis; cells; coronavirus; infection; patients; sars; stress; system
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        item: #2578 of 5187
          id: cord-302707-cap2rgf7
      author: Ng, Dianna L.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and neutralizing activity in donor and patient blood
        date: 2020-09-17
       words: 4376
      flesch: 43
     summary: We additionally describe the longitudinal dynamics of immunoglobulin-G (IgG), immunoglobulin-M (IgM), and in vitro neutralizing antibody titers in COVID-19 patients. Longitudinal dynamics of IgG and IgM titers in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: antibody; assay; cov-2; covid-19; fig; igg; igm; patients; samples; sars; titers
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        item: #2579 of 5187
          id: cord-302733-rfuyd041
      author: Dellicour, Simon
       title: A phylodynamic workflow to rapidly gain insights into the dispersal history and dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 lineages
        date: 2020-10-21
       words: 3728
      flesch: 34
     summary: Indeed, locally reduced transmission rates will not automatically be associated with a notable decrease in the average velocity or distance travelled by lineage dispersal events, which could in turn limit the effectiveness of localised lockdown measures in containing local upsurge of the virus circulation. Firstly, we investigated if the lockdown was associated with a change in lineage dispersal velocity.
    keywords: belgium; cov-2; dispersal; phylogeographic; sars; sequences; time; tree
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        item: #2580 of 5187
          id: cord-302735-zal2gr28
      author: Priyanka
       title: Aerosol transmission of SARS-CoV-2: The unresolved paradox
        date: 2020-09-04
       words: 219
      flesch: 40
     summary: key: cord-302735-zal2gr28 authors: Priyanka; Choudhary, Om Prakash; Singh, Indraj; Patra, Gautam title: Aerosol transmission of SARS-CoV-2: The unresolved paradox date: 2020-09-04 journal: Travel Med Infect Dis DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101869 sha: doc_id: 302735 cord_uid: zal2gr28 nan The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the aetiological agent 18 of coronavirus disease 2019 , has led to a global pandemic defying the 19 geographical borders and putting the lives of billions at risk.
    keywords: sars
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        item: #2581 of 5187
          id: cord-302786-ibt7mupq
      author: Suwanwongse, Kulachanya
       title: Fatal Outcome in a Kidney-Pancreas Transplant Recipient With COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-18
       words: 2231
      flesch: 45
     summary: Coronavirus disease 2019 COVID-19 in solid organ transplant recipients: a single center case series from Spain Successful recovery of COVID-19 pneumonia in a renal transplant recipient with long-term immunosuppression Covid-19 and kidney transplantation COVID-19 in solid organ transplant recipients: initial report from the US epicenter COVID-19 in long-term liver transplant patients: preliminary experience from an Italian transplant centre in Lombardy Clinical outcomes and serologic response in solid organ transplant recipients with COVID-19: a case series from the United States Covid-19 in solid organ transplant recipients: a single center experience COVID-19 and liver transplantation: lessons learned from three reported cases Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study Complex immune dysregulation in COVID-19 patients with severe respiratory failure Dysregulation of immune response in patients with coronavirus 2019 Risk factors associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome and death in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia in Wuhan, China Evidence based management guideline for the COVID-19 pandemic -review article Reply to Coronaviruses and immunosuppressed patients. However, impaired immune functions may paradoxically protect transplant patients from the hyper-inflammatory response to SARS-CoV-2 and thus dampen the disease severity.
    keywords: covid-19; patients; recipients; sars; transplant
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        item: #2582 of 5187
          id: cord-302806-1e99cygs
      author: Bozkurt, Banu
       title: The COVID-19 Pandemic: Clinical Information for Ophthalmologists
        date: 2020-04-29
       words: 3692
      flesch: 47
     summary: They also stated that for this reason, healthcare workers' compliance with personal protective equipment guidelines (M3G: mask, gown, gloves, and goggles/face shield) is imperative during the examination and treatment of SARS patients. In a study including 22 patients in France, COVID-19 positive patients were given 600 mg of hydroxychloroquine per day for 10 days and it was observed that virus load decreased by 50% when used alone and by up to 100% when used in combination with azithromycin. 37
    keywords: 2019; contact; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; examination; novel; patients; samples; sars
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        item: #2583 of 5187
          id: cord-302813-963ypqow
      author: Tegally, H.
       title: Major new lineages of SARS-CoV-2 emerge and spread in South Africa during lockdown.
        date: 2020-10-30
       words: 3543
      flesch: 50
     summary: Our analysis therefore shows that a number of SARS-CoV-2 lineages, each with unique mutations, emerged within localized epidemics during lockdown even as the introduction of new lineages from outside South Africa was being curbed. key: cord-302813-963ypqow authors: Tegally, H.; Wilkinson, E.; Lessells, R. J.; Giandhari, J.; Pillay, S.; Msomi, N.; Mlisana, K.; Bhiman, J.; Allam, M.; Ismail, A.; Engelbrecht, S.; Van Zyl, G.; Preiser, W.; Williamson, C.; Pettruccione, F.; Sigal, A.; Gazy, I.; Hardie, D.; Hsiao, M.; Martin, D.; York, D.; Goedhals, D.; San, E. J.; Giovanetti, M.; Lourenco, J.; Alcantara, L. C. J.; de Oliveira, T. title: Major new lineages of SARS-CoV-2 emerge and spread in South Africa during lockdown.
    keywords: africa; cov-2; fig; lineage; sars; south; spread
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        item: #2584 of 5187
          id: cord-302821-b9ikg0xy
      author: Gawałko, Monika
       title: COVID-19 associated atrial fibrillation: Incidence, putative mechanisms and potential clinical implications
        date: 2020-09-01
       words: 3693
      flesch: 14
     summary: (74, 75) Little data are available on the value of rhythm and rate control strategies in AF patients with COVID-19 patients. Here, we review the available evidence for prevalence and incidence of AF in patients infected with the severe acute respiratory syndromecoronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and discuss disease management approaches and potential treatment options for COVID-19 infected AF patients.
    keywords: ace2; acute; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; fibrillation; infection; patients; sars
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        item: #2585 of 5187
          id: cord-302902-34vftqt9
      author: Law, Brenda Hiu Yan
       title: Effect of COVID-19 Precautions on Neonatal Resuscitation Practice: A Balance Between Healthcare Provider Safety, Infection Control, and Effective Neonatal Care
        date: 2020-08-18
       words: 2902
      flesch: 29
     summary: Future redesign of neonatal resuscitation equipment, spaces, training, and teams could better address infection control and protection. Neonatal resuscitation team size and composition vary.
    keywords: care; covid-19; equipment; hcps; neonatal; ppe; resuscitation; team
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        item: #2586 of 5187
          id: cord-302912-aqutzlx4
      author: Liu, Ziteng
       title: The Inhibitory Effect of Curcumin on Virus-Induced Cytokine Storm and Its Potential Use in the Associated Severe Pneumonia
        date: 2020-06-12
       words: 5747
      flesch: 31
     summary: Numerous in vivo and in vitro studies have been shown that curcumin and its analogs markedly inhibit the production and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α (Avasarala et al., 2013; Zhang et al., 2015; Dai et al., 2018; Zhang et al., 2019) . Many studies have documented that curcumin disrupts the viral infection process via multiple mechanisms, including directly targeting viral proteins, inhibiting particle production and gene expression, and blocking the virus entry, replication, and budding (Wen et al., 2007; Basu et al., 2013; Ou et al., 2013; Du et al., 2017; Kannan and Kolandaivel, 2017; Yang et al., 2017; Dai et al., 2018; Praditya et al., 2019) .
    keywords: acute; cells; curcumin; cytokine; et al; expression; infection; inflammation; injury; lung; pneumonia; storm; virus
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        item: #2587 of 5187
          id: cord-302920-jkr438p9
      author: Gasser, Romain
       title: Major role of IgM in the neutralizing activity of convalescent plasma against SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-10-09
       words: 424
      flesch: 23
     summary: In this regard, we and others recently reported that the neutralization activity of plasma from COVID-19 patients decreases rapidly during the first weeks after recovery. Potent neutralizing 413 antibodies from COVID-19 patients define multiple targets of vulnerability Rituximab for granulomatosis with 416 polyangiitis in the pandemic of covid-19: lessons from a case with severe pneumonia Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor COVID-19 in persons with multiple sclerosis 423 treated with ocrelizumab -A pharmacovigilance case series Post-rituximab immunoglobulin M (IgM) 426 hypogammaglobulinemia intracytoplasmic tyrosine residue of HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein is critical for basolateral 429 targeting of viral budding in MDCK cells
    keywords: covid-19; igm
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        item: #2588 of 5187
          id: cord-302939-z0071rwa
      author: Erdeve, Ömer
       title: The Turkish Neonatal Society proposal for the management of COVID-19 in the neonatal intensive care unit
        date: 2020-06-19
       words: 3959
      flesch: 41
     summary: After two separate reports including 9 and 10 infants born to mothers with COVID-19 infections, the largest series of 33 infants with early-onset sepsis born to mothers wight COVID-19 has been published recently (12, 17, 18) . Pandemic 2009 influenza A(H1N1) virus illness among pregnant women in the United States Viral infections during pregnancy Novel corona virus disease (COVID-19) in pregnancy: What clinical recommendations to follow Correlation of Chest CT and RT-PCR Testing in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China: A Report of 1014 Cases Coronavirus in pregnancy and delivery: rapid review COVID-19) and Pregnancy: What obstetricians need to know Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical Possible Vertical Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 From an Infected Mother to Her Newborn Special Considerations for Neonatal-Pediatric Transport-Infection Control Working Committee on Perinatal and Neonatal Management for the Prevention and Control of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Infection National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders and Pediatric Committee of Medical Association of Chinese People's Liberation Army.
    keywords: care; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; delivery; medical; mother; neonatal; newborns; patient; room; sars
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        item: #2589 of 5187
          id: cord-302983-3v5bc80z
      author: Matterne, Uwe
       title: Health literacy in the general population in the context of epidemic or pandemic coronavirus outbreak situations: Rapid scoping review
        date: 2020-10-10
       words: 5447
      flesch: 40
     summary: In other words, what is necessary beyond governmental regulations and policy, is an increase in the levels of COVID-19 related health literacy [12, 13] . There is substantial overlap between socio-cognitive predictors of health behaviour and HL.
    keywords: coronavirus; health; knowledge; literacy; outbreak; pandemic; sars; studies; study; syndrome
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        item: #2590 of 5187
          id: cord-303017-4zx94rm6
      author: Barbieri, Antonio
       title: Can Beta-2-Adrenergic Pathway Be a New Target to Combat SARS-CoV-2 Hyperinflammatory Syndrome?—Lessons Learned From Cancer
        date: 2020-09-30
       words: 3572
      flesch: 31
     summary: An emerging target of JAK2 inhibitor Fedratinib Distinct immune response in two MERS-CoV-infected patients: Can we go from bench to bedside Cell host response to infection with novel human coronavirus EMC predicts potential antivirals and important differences with SARS coronavirus IL-17 response mediates acute lung injury induced by the 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) Virus Molecular mechanisms of b2-adrenergic receptor function, response, and regulation Beta-adrenergic receptors, from their discovery and characterization through their manipulation to beneficial clinical application Autoradiographic visualization of betaadrenoceptor subtypes in human lung Bidirectional role of b2-adrenergic receptor in autoimmune diseases b2-Adrenergic agonists bias TLR-2 and NOD2 activated dendritic cells towards inducing an IL-17 immune response Regulation of Differentiation and Function of Helper T Cells by Lymphocyte-Derived Catecholamines via a 1 -and b 2 -Adrenoceptors Lymphocyte-derived catecholamines induce a shift of Th1/Th2 balance toward Th2 polarization Stress-induced alterations in interferon production and class II histocompatibility antigen expression Nondegradative role of Atg5-Atg12/Atg16L1 autophagy protein complex in antiviral activity of interferon gamma Type I and Type II Interferons Inhibit the Translation of Murine Norovirus Proteins Identification of interferon-g, as the lymphokine that activates human macrophage oxidative metabolism and antimicrobial activity Enhancement of mouse natural killer cell activity by type II interferon Gammainterferon is one of several direct B cell-maturing lymphokines Distinct Requirements for IFNs and STAT1 in NK Cell Function ILC1 Confer Early Host Protection at Initial Sites of Viral Infection Long acting propranolol and HSP-70 rich tumor lysate reduce tumor growth and enhance immune response against fibrosarcoma in Balb/c mice Propranolol attenuates hemorrhage and accelerates wound healing in severely burned adults Propranolol for disruptive behaviors in nursing home residents with probable or possible Alzheimer disease: A placebo-controlled study Propranolol treatment of assaultive patients with organic brain disease: A double-blind crossover, placebo-controlled study Perioperative inhibition of b-adrenergic and COX2 signaling in a clinical trial in breast cancer patients improves tumor Ki-67 expression, serum cytokine levels, and PBMCs transcriptome Propranolol Attenuates Surgical Stress-Induced Elevation of the Regulatory T Cell Response in Patients Undergoing Radical Mastectomy Perioperative COX-2 and b-Adrenergic Blockade Improves Metastatic Biomarkers in Breast Cancer Patients in a Phase-II Randomized Trial Effect of b-blockers on platelet aggregation: A systematic review and meta-analysis The effects of aspirin and nonselective beta blockade on the acute prothrombotic response to psychosocial stress in apparently healthy subjects Beta-receptor blockade decreases elevated plasma levels of factor VIII: C in patients with deep vein thrombosis Role of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in chronic stress-promoted tumour growth The stress hormone norepinephrine increases migration of prostate cancer cells in vitro and in vivo Dysregulated Type I Interferon and Inflammatory Monocyte-Macrophage Responses Cause Lethal Pneumonia in SARS-CoV-Infected Mice Anti-IL6R role in treatment of COVID-19-related ARDS Propranolol and the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis The ACE2 expression in human heart indicates new potential mechanism of heart injury among patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 Anticoagulant treatment is associated with decreased mortality in severe coronavirus disease 2019 patients with coagulopathy b-Adrenergic receptors (b-AR) regulate VEGF and IL-6 production by divergent pathways in high b-AR-expressing breast cancer cell lines Norepinephrine and adenosine-5'-triphosphate synergize in inducing IL-6 production by human dermal microvascular endothelial cells Norepinephrine upregulates VEGF, IL-8, and IL-6 expression in human melanoma tumor cell lines: Coronaviruses-drug discovery and therapeutic options The emerging novel Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: The knowns and unknowns Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus as an agent of emerging and reemerging infection Middle East Respiratory syndrome coronavirus: Another zoonotic betacoronavirus causing SARS-like disease A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China Multiple organ infection and the pathogenesis of SARS Organ distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in SARS patients: implications for pathogenesis and virus transmission pathways Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus.
    keywords: adrenergic; beta; blockers; cells; covid-19; il-6; patients; propranolol; response; sars
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        item: #2591 of 5187
          id: cord-303018-3ka72y3p
      author: Ng, Siew C
       title: COVID-19 and the gastrointestinal tract: more than meets the eye
        date: 2020-04-09
       words: 1649
      flesch: 44
     summary: Currently, prolonged fecal shedding in infected patients even after viral clearance in respiratory tract suggests that stool testing should be considered in patients with COVID-19 with appropriate transmission precautions for hospitalised patients who remain stool positive. Here, they showed that this patient group compared with patients without GI symptoms (n=577) had overall more severe/critical disease, more patients with fever >38.5°C, family clustering and higher rates of liver injury as assessed by elevated aspartate transaminase levels.
    keywords: cov-2; patients; sars; symptoms
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        item: #2592 of 5187
          id: cord-303022-9hqoq7tf
      author: Madapusi Balaji, Thodur
       title: Oral cancer and periodontal disease increase the risk of COVID 19? A mechanism mediated through furin and cathepsin overexpression
        date: 2020-06-01
       words: 893
      flesch: 40
     summary: Via Fibroblasts Significant expression of FURIN and ACE2 on oral epithelial cells may facilitate the efficiency of 2019-nCov entry SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 (previously 2019-nCoV) infection by a highly potent pan-coronavirus fusion inhibitor targeting its spike protein that harbors a high capacity to mediate membrane fusion Salivary and gingival crevicular fluid melatonin in periodontal health and disease Clinical significance of serum melatonin in predicting the severity of oral squamous cell carcinoma Effect of melatonin administration on activities of some lysosomal enzymes in the mouse key: cord-303022-9hqoq7tf authors: Madapusi Balaji, Thodur; Varadarajan, Saranya; Vishal Rao, U.S.; Thirumal Raj, A.; Patil, Shankaragouda; Arakeri, Gururaj; Brennan, Peter A title: Oral cancer and periodontal disease increase the risk of COVID 19?
    keywords: cathepsin; corona; sars
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        item: #2593 of 5187
          id: cord-303027-r2jgu2be
      author: Lu, Yen-Ta
       title: Viral load and outcome in SARS infection: The role of personal protective equipment in the emergency department
        date: 2006-01-24
       words: 4593
      flesch: 52
     summary: key: cord-303027-r2jgu2be authors: Lu, Yen-Ta; Chen, Pei-Jan; Sheu, Chin-Yin; Liu, Ching-Lung title: Viral load and outcome in SARS infection: The role of personal protective equipment in the emergency department date: 2006-01-24 journal: J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2005.03.011 sha: doc_id: 303027 cord_uid: r2jgu2be This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of personal protective equipment (PPE) against severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). WHO issues global alert about cases of atypical pneumonia: cases of severe respiratory illness may spread to hospital staff Clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, and treatment outcomes of SARS patients World Health Organization.
    keywords: disease; hcws; load; non; patients; sars; syndrome; transmission
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        item: #2594 of 5187
          id: cord-303054-s1clwunc
      author: Velly, Lionel
       title: Guidelines: Anaesthesia in the context of COVID-19 pandemic
        date: 2020-06-05
       words: 9243
      flesch: 35
     summary: A Narrative Review Evolving status of the 2019 novel coronavirus infection: Proposal of conventional serologic assays for disease diagnosis and infection monitoring Temporal profiles of viral load in posterior oropharyngeal saliva samples and serum antibody responses during infection by SARS-CoV-2: an observational cohort study Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in patients of novel coronavirus disease 2019 Value of Diagnostic Testing for SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 Systematic review of COVID-19 in children shows milder cases and a better prognosis than adults Clinical and epidemiological features of 36 children with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Zhejiang, China: an observational cohort study Epidemiology of COVID-19 Among Children in China Pediatric anesthetic implications of COVID-19-A review of current literature Pediatric Airway Management in COVID-19 patients -Consensus Guidelines from the Society for Pediatric Anesthesia's Pediatric Difficult Intubation Collaborative and the Canadian Pediatric Anesthesia Society Proposal for International Standardization of the Use of Lung Ultrasound for Patients With COVID-19: In addition, some peculiarities of COVID-19 patients (risk of drug interactions, worsening of the condition, etc.) are to be taken into account.
    keywords: anaesthesia; care; children; consultation; context; cov-2; covid-19; disease; health; infection; intervention; management; mask; pandemic; patient; procedure; risk; sars; surgery; type
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        item: #2595 of 5187
          id: cord-303056-bdse9o26
      author: Okada, Masaji
       title: Development of vaccines and passive immunotherapy against SARS corona virus using SCID-PBL/hu mouse models
        date: 2007-04-20
       words: 1293
      flesch: 49
     summary: SARS M DNA vaccine and N DNA vaccine induced human CTL specific for SARS CoV antigens. Alternatively, SARS M DNA vaccines inducing human neutralizing antibodies and human monoclonal antibodies against SARS CoV are now being developed.
    keywords: dna; human; sars; vaccine
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        item: #2596 of 5187
          id: cord-303061-vvzkpetn
      author: Olyaee, Mohammad Hossein
       title: RCOVID19: Recurrence-based SARS-CoV-2 features using chaos game representation
        date: 2020-08-07
       words: 1344
      flesch: 52
     summary: The former contains the information of nucleotide sequences which are GenBank accession, strain name, sequence length, and, nucleotide sequence. The provided dataset involves totally 18 RQA-based features for 4496 instances of SARS-CoV-2. Genetics, Genomics and Molecular Biology Specific subject area Bioinformatics, Sequence analysis, Nonlinear analysis Type of data Value of the data 
    keywords: features; recurrence; sequences
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        item: #2597 of 5187
          id: cord-303069-ss6g3jkg
      author: Jakhar, Renu
       title: An Immunoinformatics Study to Predict Epitopes in the Envelope Protein of SARS-COV-2
        date: 2020-05-26
       words: 3387
      flesch: 44
     summary: The Allergenicity of predicted epitopes was analyzed by AllerTOP tool and the coverage was determined throughout the worlds. The Allergenicity of predicted epitopes was analyzed by AllerTOP Tool
    keywords: binding; cell; envelope; epitopes; mhc; prediction; protein; vaccine
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        item: #2598 of 5187
          id: cord-303111-iv4lzpev
      author: Almazán, Fernando
       title: Reprint of: Coronavirus reverse genetic systems: Infectious clones and replicons()
        date: 2014-12-19
       words: 7077
      flesch: 25
     summary: Molecular genetic analysis of the structure and function of RNA virus genomes has been profoundly advanced by the availability of full-length cDNA clones. The large size of the CoV genome and the instability of some CoV replicase gene sequences during its propagation in bacteria, represent serious obstacles for the development of reverse genetic systems similar to those used for smaller positive sense RNA viruses.
    keywords: cdna; coronavirus; cov; et al; gene; genome; infectious; length; recombination; reverse; rna; sars; vaccinia; virus
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        item: #2599 of 5187
          id: cord-303135-rx21ajiw
      author: Jian, Li
       title: Perspective: COVID-19, implications of nasal diseases and consequences for their management
        date: 2020-05-01
       words: 1724
      flesch: 37
     summary: 5 To invade the cell, there is need for another player, the transmembrane protease TMPRSS2, a serine protease expressed in airway epithelial cells, mucosal glands, and inflammatory cells such as macrophages, that activates the viral S protein and enables human airway cell entry. Clinical characteristics of 140 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan, China SARS-CoV-2 viral load in upper respiratory specimens of infected patients Letter: Precautions for endoscopic transnasal skull base surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic Non-neural expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry genes in the olfactory epithelium suggests mechanisms underlying anosmia in COVID-19 patients SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor Cleavage of the SARS coronavirus spike glycoprotein by airway proteases enhances virus entry into human bronchial epithelial cells in vitro SARS-CoV-2 entry genes are most highly expressed in nasal goblet and ciliated cells within human airways SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 is an interferon-stimulated gene in human airway epithelial cells and is enriched in specific cell subsets across tissues Activation of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) attenuates allergic airway inflammation in rat asthma model Intranasal corticosteroids in allergic rhinitis in COVID-19 infected patients: an ARIA-EAACI statement
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; infection; patients; sars
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        item: #2600 of 5187
          id: cord-303143-4sksz6xz
      author: Wu, Y. P.
       title: Elevated Plasma Surfactant Protein D (SP‐D) Levels and a Direct Correlation with Anti‐severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus‐specific IgG Antibody in SARS Patients
        date: 2009-03-19
       words: 4227
      flesch: 46
     summary: SARS patients. The patients had no history of contact with SARS patients.
    keywords: acute; cov; igg; patients; plasma; pneumonia; protein; sars; surfactant; syndrome
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        item: #2601 of 5187
          id: cord-303171-u5jrbsii
      author: Yang, Gee-Gwo
       title: SARS-associated Coronavirus Infection in Teenagers
        date: 2004-02-17
       words: 1227
      flesch: 62
     summary: Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): multi-country outbreak-updated 34 Clinical presentations and outcome of severe acute respiratory syndrome in children Control measures for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Taiwan A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Clinical features and short-term outcomes of 144 patients with SARS in the Greater Toronto Area Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Singapore: clinical features of index patient and initial contacts World Health Organization. A global outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) was reported in March 2003 (1) .
    keywords: pcr; sars; schoolmates
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        item: #2602 of 5187
          id: cord-303173-q88zdf03
      author: Panchaud, Alice
       title: An international registry for emergent pathogens and pregnancy
        date: 2020-04-27
       words: 532
      flesch: 23
     summary: For the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, we hypothesise that the collected data will allow researchers and health-care professionals to better characterise the disease course and spectrum, quantitatively estimate associated risks, and identify specific risk factors that can be used to define screening strategies in pregnant women and adequate prevention meas ures, and to direct specific and early clinical management of women and fetuses at risk. The feasibility of this global responsive and customisable structure for future emergent pathogens is supported by the strong platform of well established collaborations with 198 antenatal clinics from 23 countries in Africa, Asia, Europe, Oceania, and the Americas (figure).
    keywords: data; registry
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        item: #2603 of 5187
          id: cord-303216-1pbuywz6
      author: Das, Gaurav
       title: Neurological Insights of COVID-19 Pandemic
        date: 2020-04-22
       words: 2874
      flesch: 45
     summary: 5 The likeliness of COVID-19 patients to contract neurological infections can be exacerbated by secondary factors like smoking, which according to a pilot study can enhance the chances of contracting COVID-19 based neuroinfections due to the functional interactions between hACE2 and the nicotinic receptor (nAChR). So, when smokers smoke, it augments the expression of the hACE2 due to the nicotine stimulation of nAChR. 8 Hence, while performing autopsies on brains of COVID-19 patients, it would be wise to conduct smoker versus nonsmoker based analysis as this will help to shed light on smoking being an additional risk factor in COVID-19 patients along with age and already existing ailments.
    keywords: brain; cov-2; covid-19; hace2; patients; sars; virus
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        item: #2604 of 5187
          id: cord-303297-fiievwy7
      author: Oberemok, Volodymyr V.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 will continue to circulate in the human population: an opinion from the point of view of the virus-host relationship
        date: 2020-04-30
       words: 4090
      flesch: 43
     summary: The viruses can be detected in 1-10% of patients with acute respiratory tract infections, and double infections with other respiratory viruses are common High expression of the ACE2 receptor, via which COVID-19 virus enters cells using its spike glycoprotein, was identified in type II alveolar cells (AT2) of the lung
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; host; human; infection; population; sars; virus; viruses
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        item: #2605 of 5187
          id: cord-303330-zh8wzza5
      author: Magleby, Reed
       title: Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load on Risk of Intubation and Mortality Among Hospitalized Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019
        date: 2020-06-30
       words: 3560
      flesch: 42
     summary: Identifying high viral load patients could also be helpful for allocating scare therapeutic interventions such as antiviral agents (e.g., remdesivir) Higher viral load was associated with increased age, comorbidities, smoking status, and recent chemotherapy.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; hospital; load; patients; risk; sars
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        item: #2606 of 5187
          id: cord-303363-uu9hb1c9
      author: Karimi, Mehran
       title: Implications of SARSr-CoV 2 infection in thalassemias: Do patients fall into the “high clinical risk” category?
        date: 2020-05-11
       words: 3276
      flesch: 31
     summary: A first step in understanding SARS pathogenesis Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Clinical characteristics of 113 deceased patients with coronavirus disease 2019: retrospective study The Epidemiological Characteristics of an Outbreak of 2019 Novel Coronavirus Diseases (COVID-19) -China Prevalence of comorbidities in the novel Wuhan coronavirus (COVID-19) infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: results of an open-label non-randomized clinical trial Beta-thalassemia Prevalence and predictors of cardiac and liver iron overload in patients with thalassemia: A multicenter study based on real-world data A Concise Review on the Frequency, Major Risk Factors and Surveillance of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) in β-Thalassemias: Past, Present and Future Perspectives and the ICET-A Experience Early Cardiac Involvement and Risk Factors for the Development of Arrhythmia in Patients With β-Thalassemia Major Thyroid Disorders in Homozygous β-Thalassemia: Current Knowledge, Emerging Issues and Open Problems An ICET-A survey on occult and emerging endocrine complications in patients with β-thalassemia major: Conclusions and recommendations SARS-CoV-2 infection in beta thalassemia: preliminary data from the Italian experience Coronavirus Disease 2019: Coronaviruses and Blood Safety The medical concerns of patients with thalassemias at the time of COVID-19 outbreak: The personal experience and the international recommendations THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND HAE-MOGLOBIN DISORDERS. Green tea and chamomile, which contain the natural antioxidant, and lastly, probiotics are recommended and beneficial in thalassemia patients against viral infections (29) .
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; disease; immune; infection; iron; patients; risk; sars; thalassemia
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        item: #2607 of 5187
          id: cord-303377-lkewcf8a
      author: Dimke, H.
       title: Phenol-chloroform-based RNA purification for detection of SARS-CoV-2 by RT-qPCR: comparison with automated systems
        date: 2020-05-27
       words: 4115
      flesch: 45
     summary: In comparison to automated RNA extraction systems there is extensive hands-on time and inadvertently risks of human errors. RNA samples were then vortexed 3 sec.
    keywords: agpc; cov-2; extraction; method; rna; sars; systems
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        item: #2608 of 5187
          id: cord-303384-bgvagdft
      author: Bilinska, Katarzyna
       title: Anosmia in COVID-19: A Bumpy Road to Establishing a Cellular Mechanism
        date: 2020-07-16
       words: 2182
      flesch: 43
     summary: Nevertheless, a recent study using a hamster model also showed massive infiltration of immune cells, such as macrophages, into the OE shortly after SUS cells infection. Hence, the results of the above studies suggest a scenario in which SUS cells , exposed to the external environment, are the SARS-CoV-2 primary target in the OE.
    keywords: cells; covid-19; olfactory; orns; sars
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        item: #2609 of 5187
          id: cord-303407-n7j56sci
      author: Popofsky, Stephanie
       title: Impact of Maternal SARS-CoV-2 Detection on Breastfeeding Due to Infant Separation at Birth
        date: 2020-08-10
       words: 4369
      flesch: 38
     summary: When considering the rates of mixed feeding, the overall rates of expressed breast milk were likely higher, as 14.3% of separated mothers, and 44.4% of unseparated mothers reported a mix of feeding types (breastfeeding, expressed breast milk, and formula) during hospitalization. Nevertheless, when the rate of mixed feeding for each group is compared with the same group's rate of formula feeding (81.6% of separated mothers and 27.8% of unseparated mothers), it becomes evident that separated dyads had lower rates of breastmilk expression, irrespective of formula supplementation.
    keywords: breastfeeding; cov-2; covid-19; dyads; feeding; mothers; unseparated
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        item: #2610 of 5187
          id: cord-303506-rqerh2u3
      author: Patel, V.
       title: A call for governments to pause Twitter censorship: a cross-sectional study using Twitter data as social-spatial sensors of COVID-19/SARS-CoV-2 research diffusion
        date: 2020-05-29
       words: 2935
      flesch: 47
     summary: key: cord-303506-rqerh2u3 authors: Patel, V.; Haunschild, R.; Bornmann, L.; Garas, G. title: A call for governments to pause Twitter censorship: a cross-sectional study using Twitter data as social-spatial sensors of COVID-19/SARS-CoV-2 research diffusion date: 2020-05-29 journal: nan DOI: 10.1101/2020.05.27.20114983 sha: doc_id: 303506 cord_uid: rqerh2u3 Objectives: To determine whether Twitter data can be used as social-spatial sensors to show how research on COVID-19/SARS-CoV-2 diffuses through the population to reach the people that are especially affected by the disease. • Using Twitter data used as social-spatial sensors, we demonstrated that Twitter activity was significantly positively correlated to the numbers of COVID-19/SARS-CoV-2 deaths, when holding the country's number of publications constant.
    keywords: license; medrxiv; number; preprint; twitter
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        item: #2611 of 5187
          id: cord-303517-8971aq02
      author: Cajamarca-Baron, Jairo
       title: SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) in Patients with some Degree of Immunosuppression
        date: 2020-10-16
       words: 9107
      flesch: 33
     summary: In this review, we will focus on describing the literature on SARS-COV-2 infection in patients with some degree of immunosuppression, other than rheumatological diseases, among these, cancer patients, transplant recipients, primary immunodeficiency, and HIV patients. Therefore, special recommendations should be considered for these patients, such as postponing adjuvant chemotherapy or elective surgery in people with stable cancer, especially in endemic areas, adopting stricter personal protection measures for cancer patients or cancer survivors, and considering stricter surveillance or treatment when cancer patients are infected with SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: cancer; cases; china; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; immunosuppression; infection; management; patients; response; results; risk; sars; transplant; treatment; use
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        item: #2612 of 5187
          id: cord-303539-gimz41yb
      author: Goudouris, Ekaterini S.
       title: Laboratory diagnosis of COVID-19()
        date: 2020-08-31
       words: 3611
      flesch: 39
     summary: Laboratory tests such as complete blood count, C-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimer, clotting tests, lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), ferritin, and procalcitonin identify risk of disease with greater severity, thromboembolic complications, myocardial damage, and/or worse prognosis. The data presented suggest that the diagnosis of COVID-19 should be based on clinical manifestations, contact history, imaging tests, laboratory tests, and not only on serological tests and the search for the genetic material of the virus.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; diagnosis; material; sars; sensitivity; tests; virus
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        item: #2613 of 5187
          id: cord-303585-8py6joh6
      author: Verma, Surjeet
       title: Anti-SARS-CoV Natural Products With the Potential to Inhibit SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)
        date: 2020-09-25
       words: 10898
      flesch: 37
     summary: RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) (nsp12) Essential protease enzyme that catalyzes the replication of RNA from the RNA template SARS-CoV SARS CoV-2 Non-structural protein 13 (NSP13)/ helicase Enhances the efficiency of viral replication and proliferation through its NTPase, duplex RNA/DNA-unwinding and RNA-capping activities SARS CoV (Shum and Tanner, 2008) concluded that the integrated use of TCM and Western medicine for SARS patients was safe and that there could be potential benefits to SARS patients using this combined treatment method. In a study by Xu et al. (2020) , biopsies were taken from the lung, liver, and heart tissue of a patient who died from a cardiac arrest associated with COVID-19.
    keywords: 3cl; activity; cells; compounds; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; covid-19; et al; infection; inhibit; inhibition; patients; plants; potential; pro; replication; sars; study; treatment; values; viral
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        item: #2614 of 5187
          id: cord-303609-9217t0ui
      author: Baselga, María Trinidad
       title: Trombosis y COVID-19: revisión de alcance
        date: 2020-09-24
       words: 3236
      flesch: 34
     summary: Clasificamos los artículos en 3 áreas: clínica de la COVID-19, las alteraciones en los parámetros analíticos causados por el SARS-CoV-2 y los hallazgos radiológicos de estos pacientes. En los artículos que profundizaron en la clínica y hallazgos radiológicos de la COVID-19; incluimos el porcentaje de las diferentes manifestaciones clínicas, las complicaciones trombóticas; así como los hallazgos por dos técnicas de imagen más empleadas:
    keywords: artículos; complicaciones; con; cov-2; covid-19; esta; estudios; las; los; pacientes; para; por; que; relación; revisión; sars; trombosis; una
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        item: #2615 of 5187
          id: cord-303651-fkdep6cp
      author: Thompson, Robin N.
       title: Key questions for modelling COVID-19 exit strategies
        date: 2020-08-12
       words: 11573
      flesch: 35
     summary: Adjusting COVID-19 deaths to account for reporting delay Using mobility to estimate the transmission intensity of COVID-19 in Italy: a subnational analysis with future scenarios A note on generation times in epidemic models Serial interval of SARS-CoV-2 was shortened over time by nonpharmaceutical interventions Using information theory to optimise epidemic models for real-time prediction and estimation An exact method for quantifying the reliability of end-of-epidemic declarations in real time. The effects of local spatial structure on epidemiological invasions Pair approximations for spatial structures? Management of invading pathogens should be informed by epidemiology rather than administrative boundaries UK Government Office for National Statistics Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study SARS-CoV-2 infection among travelers returning from Wuhan 2020 The probability of detection of SARS-CoV-2 in saliva Mathematics of epidemics on networks: from exact to approximate models Epidemic processes in complex networks A novel field-based approach to validate the use of network models for disease spread between dairy herds Analysis of a stochastic SIR epidemic on a random network incorporating household structure Reproduction numbers for epidemic models with households and other social structures II: comparisons and implications for vaccination Reproductive numbers, epidemic spread and control in a community of households Reproduction numbers for epidemic models with households and other social structures.
    keywords: countries; cov-2; covid-19; data; disease; epidemic; exit; health; immunity; individuals; interventions; modelling; models; pandemic; population; r(t; sars; social; strategies; time; transmission
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        item: #2616 of 5187
          id: cord-303659-mzez7v4d
      author: Elsayed, Sarah M
       title: The Possibility and Cause of Relapse After Previously Recovering From COVID-19: A Systematic Review
        date: 2020-09-05
       words: 3205
      flesch: 51
     summary: As the most common comorbidity of COVID-19 patients, diabetes, and hypertension may affect the prognosis of the disease [8] . The publications included COVID-19 positive patient data and the relapse of disease was confirmed by PCR; the full text was available for these publications.
    keywords: covid-19; days; disease; patients; relapse; sars; study
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        item: #2617 of 5187
          id: cord-303661-etb19d6y
      author: Shin, Hyoung-Shik
       title: Empirical Treatment and Prevention of COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-22
       words: 4022
      flesch: 38
     summary: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/ emtricitabine (TDF/FTC), which has been prescribed for HIV-infected or hepatitis B virusinfected patients for a long time can be used safely as a short-term medicine for COVID-19 patients. Risk-adapted treatment strategy For COVID-19 patients Cytokine release syndrome in COVID-19 patients, a new scenario for an old concern: the fragile balance between infections and autoimmunity A review of unfractionated heparin and its monitoring Nebulized heparin is associated with fewer days of mechanical ventilation in critically ill patients: a randomized controlled trial Inhibition of feline (FIPV) and human (SARS) coronavirus by semisynthetic derivatives of glycopeptide antibiotics Teicoplanin: an alternative drug for the treatment of COVID-19?
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; hypersensitivity; immunity; patients; pneumonia; sars; symptoms; treatment; virus
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        item: #2618 of 5187
          id: cord-303665-l57e54hu
      author: Lahrich, S.
       title: Review on the contamination of wastewater by COVID-19 virus: Impact and treatment
        date: 2020-09-10
       words: 5853
      flesch: 35
     summary: It enables rapid virus detection (virus detection using lab-on-a-chip methods takes 7 to 16 minutes)  Some of these methods have been modified by: i) concentration (ELISA tests, PCR and NASBA reactions, application of microarrays) (Li et al., 2002; Alhamlan et al., 2013; Kittigul et al., 2000) , ii) combination of different methods (PCR reaction combined with plate-forming tests, atomic force microscopy combined with protein microarray technology) (Straub et al., 1995; Haab et al., 2001; Zhu et al., 2001) , iii) change in the pore size of the filter (epifluorescence microscopy) (Weinbauer and Suttle, 1997) , iv) dilution of the sample (flow cytometry)
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; detection; environment; et al; health; methods; pcr; sars; sewage; treatment; viruses; wastewater
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        item: #2619 of 5187
          id: cord-303692-py908dt8
      author: Langley, Caroline
       title: Structure of interferon-stimulated gene product 15 (ISG15) from the bat species Myotis davidii and the impact of interdomain ISG15 interactions on viral protein engagement
        date: 2019-01-01
       words: 6215
      flesch: 49
     summary: Overall, this suggests that species-species differences that have an impact on ISG15-protein interactions may go beyond simple surface replacement and could include divergent interdomain interactions between ISG15 domains. To provide a better context as to whether there is a need for ISG15 domains to interact for productive protein-protein interactions, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) was employed using SARS-CoV PL pro as a probe.
    keywords: cov; domain; et al; isg15; pro; protein; sars; species; structure
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        item: #2620 of 5187
          id: cord-303741-1ou0cy5k
      author: Stafstrom, Carl E.
       title: COVID-19: Neurological Considerations in Neonates and Children
        date: 2020-09-10
       words: 7042
      flesch: 34
     summary: The purpose of this review is twofold: (1) to discuss the available data about COVID-19 infections in neonates and children, and (2) to provide a perspective about potential neurologic involvement in neonates and children with COVID-19 infections, in view of neurobiological development. In the context of COVID-19 infection, the BBB may be dysfunctional, disrupted either by inflammatory response or the virus itself, allowing transmission of the virus or activated immune cells from the circulation into the CNS
    keywords: brain; children; cns; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; involvement; sars; symptoms; syndrome; virus
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        item: #2621 of 5187
          id: cord-303745-wx3udkee
      author: Martinez-Fleta, P.
       title: SARS-Cov-2 cysteine-like protease (Mpro) is immunogenic and can be detected in serum and saliva of COVID-19-seropositive individuals
        date: 2020-07-18
       words: 5045
      flesch: 46
     summary: These data demonstrate that individuals 98 who have been infected with SARS-CoV-2 make high titre antibody responses to Mpro 99 and that assays for seroreactivity to this protein sensitively and specifically 100 discriminate between infected and non-infected individuals. Conceivably, exposure of antigens released from infected cells could stimulate antibody responses that might correlate with tissue damage and, hence, they may have some value as a prognostic indicator.
    keywords: antibodies; cov-2; covid-19; license; medrxiv; mpro; perpetuity; preprint; sars
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        item: #2622 of 5187
          id: cord-303787-dx1n8jap
      author: Vonck, Kristl
       title: Neurological manifestations and neuro‐invasive mechanisms of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2
        date: 2020-05-16
       words: 3812
      flesch: 33
     summary: Viruses Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus causes multiple organ damage and lethal disease in mice transgenic for human dipeptidyl peptidase 4 Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection causes neuronal death in the absence of encephalitis in mice transgenic for human ACE2 Organ distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in SARS patients: implications for pathogenesis and virus transmission pathways Detection of SARS coronavirus RNA in the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient with severe acute respiratory syndrome A first Case of Meningitis/Encephalitis associated with SARS-Coronavirus-2 Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in the brain: Properties and future directions The neuroinvasive potential of SARS-CoV2 may play a role in the respiratory failure of COVID-19 patients Accepted Article The increase in D-Dimer levels appears to be higher in COVID-19 patients with CVD compared to patients without CVD (median levels of 900 microg/l) but this is a finding that will need to be further investigated and documented 3, 9 .
    keywords: acute; article; copyright; cov-2; covid-19; manifestations; patients; sars; symptoms
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        item: #2623 of 5187
          id: cord-303832-1kcqhgjw
      author: Dai, Manman
       title: Long-term survival of salmon-attached SARS-CoV-2 at 4°C as a potential source of transmission in seafood markets
        date: 2020-09-06
       words: 834
      flesch: 50
     summary: SARS-CoV-2 41 attached on salmon or suspended in culture medium stored at 4°C remained viable for at least 8 42 days, while these stored at 25°C resulted in attenuating infectivity very quickly. In this study, we detected the titer (50% tissue culture infectious dose/mL, TCID 50 /mL) of 35 viable SARS-CoV-2 attached on salmon or untreated SARS-CoV-2 in culture medium stored at 36 4°C, the temperature in refrigerators or cold rooms for the temporary storage of fish, or 25°C, the 37 regular room temperature, respectively, using end-point titration assay on Vero E6 cells as 38 described previously (8).
    keywords: sars
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        item: #2624 of 5187
          id: cord-303868-aes92l6s
      author: Steffen, Tara L.
       title: The receptor binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 spike is the key target of neutralizing antibody in human polyclonal sera
        date: 2020-08-22
       words: 6106
      flesch: 36
     summary: To measure the functional effect of S1, S2, and RBD antibody depletion on virus specific neutralization we evaluated post-depletion neutralization activity by FRNT (Supplemental figure 3 ). This data has been further represented as % binding neutralizing antibodies based on the pre depletion FRNT50 values (Supplemental Figure 3D) .
    keywords: antibodies; antibody; binding; cov-2; infection; rbd; response; sars; spike
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        item: #2625 of 5187
          id: cord-303880-zv4nbz9p
      author: Tsikala Vafea, Maria
       title: Emerging Technologies for Use in the Study, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Patients with COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-24
       words: 5492
      flesch: 39
     summary: 19 Re-cently, deep learning models, the core algorithms of AI, have been used to develop a thoracic CT image analysis system, which can automatically detect COVID-19 patients and quantify the disease burden. Frontline healthcare practitioners, including CT and MRI technicians, are at high risk for contracting the virus given their frequent exposure to COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; data; development; disease; health; learning; models; pandemic; patients; sars; use; vaccine; virus
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        item: #2626 of 5187
          id: cord-303917-2tu707ng
      author: Zhang, Lei
       title: Potential interventions for novel coronavirus in China: A systematic review
        date: 2020-03-03
       words: 5438
      flesch: 36
     summary: The effect of ascorbic acid on infection chick-embryo ciliated tracheal organ cultures by coronavirus Nutrients and their role in host resistance to infection Vitamin C intake and susceptibility to pneumonia Vitamin D insufficiency among free-living healthy young adults Sunlight and vitamin D for bone health and prevention of autoimmune diseases, cancers, and cardiovascular disease Acute phase response elicited by experimental bovine diarrhea virus (BVDV) infection is associated with decreased vitamin D and E status of vitamin-replete preruminant calves Vitamin E metabolic effects and genetic variants: a challenge for precision nutrition in obesity and associated disturbances Vitamin E deficiency intensifies the myocardial injury of coxsackievirus B3 infection of mice Increased virulence of coxsackievirus B3 in mice due to vitamin E or selenium deficiency Macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles induce long-lasting immunity against hepatitis C virus which is blunted by polyunsaturated fatty acids Plasma fatty acid levels in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome and in controls The lipid mediator protectin D1 inhibits influenza virus replication and improves severe influenza Anti-HCV activities of selective polyunsaturated fatty acids Selenium and human health Micronutrients and host resistance to viral infection Review: micronutrient selenium deficiency influences evolution of some viral infectious diseases Selenium deficiency increases the pathology of an influenza virus infection Rapid genomic evolution of a non-virulent coxsackievirus B3 in selenium-deficient mice results in selection of identical virulent isolates Combined adjuvant effect of ginseng stem-leaf saponins and selenium on immune responses to a live bivalent vaccine of Newcastle disease virus and infectious bronchitis virus in chickens Zinc and immunity: an essential interrelation Zinc deficiency Zinc supplementation for the treatment of measles in children Zn(2+) inhibits coronavirus and arterivirus RNA polymerase activity in vitro and zinc ionophores block the replication of these viruses in cell culture Crossing the iron gate: why and how transferrin receptors mediate viral entry Childhood iron deficiency anemia leads to recurrent respiratory tract infections and gastroenteritis Chicken interferon type I inhibits infectious bronchitis virus replication and associated respiratory illness Prevention of experimental coronavirus colds with intranasal alpha-2b interferon Ribavirin and interferon-beta synergistically inhibit SARS-associated coronavirus replication in animal and human cell lines In vitro susceptibility of 10 clinical isolates of SARS coronavirus to selected antiviral compounds Interferon priming enables cells to partially overturn the SARS coronavirus-induced block in innate immune activation Inhibition of SARS coronavirus infection in vitro with clinically approved antiviral drugs Peginterferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin compared with interferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin for initial treatment of chronic hepatitis C: a randomised trial Pegylated interferon-alpha protects type 1 pneumocytes against SARS coronavirus infection in macaques Proposal for vaccination against SARS coronavirus using avian infectious bronchitis virus strain H from The Netherlands Interferon alfacon-1 plus corticosteroids in severe acute respiratory syndrome: a preliminary study Current treatment options and the role of peptides as potential therapeutic components for Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS): a review Uses of intravenous gammaglobulin in immune hematologic disease Acute respiratory distress syndrome in critically ill patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Strokes, thromboembolic events, and IVIg: rare incidents blemish an excellent safety record Thymosin alpha 1 and HIV-1: recent advances and future perspectives A reappraisal of thymosin alpha1 in cancer therapy Serum thymosin alpha 1 levels in normal and pathological conditions Thymosin alpha 1 antagonizes dexamethasone and CD3-induced apoptosis of CD4+ CD8+ thymocytes through the activation of cAMP and protein kinase C dependent second messenger pathways Clinical investigation of outbreak of nosocomial severe acute respiratory syndrome Anti-SARS coronavirus agents: a patent review (2008-present) Modulation of immune response in aged humans through different administration modes of thymopentin Phase variation in the modulation of the human immune response Thymopentin as adjuvant in non-responders or hyporesponders to hepatitis B vaccination The general immunopharmacology of levamisole Lymphocyte subsets in measles. Depressed helper/inducer subpopulation reversed by in vitro treatment with levamisole and ascorbic acid Systemic cyclosporine and corneal transplantation Nucleocapsid protein of SARS coronavirus tightly binds to human cyclophilin A Factor in virus replication and potential target for anti-viral therapy The SARS-coronavirus-host interactome: identification of cyclophilins as target for pancoronavirus inhibitors Glycyrrhizin, an active component of liquorice roots, and replication of SARS-associated coronavirus Diarylheptanoids from Alnus japonica inhibit papain-like protease of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Cinanserin is an inhibitor of the 3C-like proteinase of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and strongly reduces virus replication in vitro Flavonoids: an overview Flavonoids from pterogyne nitens inhibit hepatitis C virus entry Inhibition of SARS-CoV 3CL protease by flavonoids Characteristics of flavonoids as potent MERS-CoV 3C-like protease inhibitors Biflavonoids from Torreya nucifera displaying SARS-CoV 3CL(pro) inhibition Angiotensin-converting enzyme-2: a molecular and cellular perspective Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus The secret life of ACE2 as a receptor for the SARS virus Characterization of severe acute respiratory syndromeassociated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) spike glycoprotein-mediated viral entry Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus entry into host cells: Opportunities for therapeutic intervention Potent neutralization of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus by a human mAb to S1 protein that blocks receptor association Effects of chloroquine on viral infections: an old drug against today's diseases? Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread Membrane-related effects underlying the biological activity of the anthraquinones emodin and barbaloin Emodin blocks the SARS coronavirus spike protein and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 interaction Old drugs as lead compounds for a new disease?
    keywords: acute; addition; coronavirus; cov; covid-19; human; immune; infection; patients; replication; sars; syndrome; treatment; vitamin
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        item: #2627 of 5187
          id: cord-303934-8gh3q7p3
      author: Sungnak, Waradon
       title: SARS-CoV-2 Entry Genes Are Most Highly Expressed in Nasal Goblet and Ciliated Cells within Human Airways
        date: 2020-03-13
       words: 3051
      flesch: 37
     summary: In-depth analysis of epithelial cells in the respiratory tree reveals that nasal epithelial cells, specifically goblet/secretory cells and ciliated cells, display the highest ACE2 expression of all the epithelial cells analyzed. Nasal goblet and ciliated cells display the highest expression of ACE2 within the larger population of respiratory epithelial cells To further characterize specific epithelial cell types expressing ACE2, we evaluated the expression of ACE2 within lung/airway epithelia from a previous study 25 .
    keywords: ace2; cells; coronavirus; expression; human; nasal; sars; tmprss2
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        item: #2628 of 5187
          id: cord-303941-3lg1bzsi
      author: Han, Hui-Ju
       title: Bats as reservoirs of severe emerging infectious diseases
        date: 2015-07-02
       words: 4680
      flesch: 46
     summary: Metagenomic analysis of the viromes of three North American bat species: viral diversity among different bat species that share a common habitat Transmission of Ebola hemorrhagic fever: a study of risk factors in family members Bats host major mammalian paramyxoviruses Amplification of emerging viruses in a bat colony Ecology of Bat Migration Metagenomic analysis of viruses from bat fecal samples reveals many novel viruses in insectivorous bats in China Isolation and characterization of a bat SARS-like coronavirus that uses the ACE2 receptor Host and viral ecology determine bat rabies seasonality and maintenance Isolation and characterization of viruses related to the SARS coronavirus from animals in southern China Isolation of Hendra virus from pteropid bats: a natural reservoir of Hendra virus Virome profiling of bats from Myanmar by metagenomic analysis of tissue samples reveals more novel Mammalian viruses Close relative of human Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in bat Early eocene bat from wyoming Isolation and partial characterisation of a new virus causing acute haemorrhagic fever in Zaire Bats, clocks, and rocks: diversification patterns in Chiroptera Ebola virus disease in health care workers -sierra leone Nipah virus encephalitis outbreak in Malaysia Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruslike virus in Chinese horseshoe bats Human Ebola outbreak resulting from direct exposure to fruit bats in Luebo, Democratic Republic of Congo Fruit bats as reservoirs of Ebola virus Bats are natural reservoirs of SARS-like coronaviruses SARS, wildlife, and human health Recurrent zoonotic transmission of Nipah virus into humans Human infection with MERS coronavirus after exposure to infected camels Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in bats, Saudi Arabia Human coronavirus EMC does not require the SARS-coronavirus receptor and maintains broad replicative capability in mammalian cell lines A morbillivirus that caused fatal disease in horses and humans Outbreak of Nipah-virus infection among abattoir workers in Singapore Rabies in the vampire bat of Trinidad, with special reference to the clinical course and the latency of infection The transmission of paralytic rabies in Trinidad by the vampire bat (Desmodus rotundus murinus Wagner Ecological dynamics of emerging bat virus spillover Bats are a major natural reservoir for hepaciviruses and pegiviruses Characterization of Nipah virus from naturally infected Pteropus vampyrus bats Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 is a functional receptor for the emerging human coronavirus-EMC Difference in receptor usage between severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus and SARS-like coronavirus of bat origin Ebola haemorrhagic fever in Zaire Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) RNA and neutralising antibodies in milk collected according to local customs from dromedary camels Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus neutralising serum antibodies in dromedary camels: a comparative serological study Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3 vols Virus infections in bats Marburg Hemorrhagic Fever-The Netherlands ex Uganda Correlates of viral richness in bats (order Chiroptera) Genomic characterization of a newly discovered coronavirus associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome in humans Now arriving, the deadly Ebola virus lands in America Bat origins of MERS-CoV supported by bat coronavirus HKU4 usage of human receptor CD26 Negative findings from serological studies of equine morbillivirus in the Queensland horse population Novel Henipa-like virus, Mojiang Paramyxovirus, in rats MERS-related betacoronavirus in Vespertilio superans bats Nipah virus infection in bats (order Chiroptera) in peninsular Malaysia Serologic evidence for the presence in Pteropus bats of a paramyxovirus related to equine morbillivirus Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia The huge diversity of bat species can provide a large breeding ground for viruses.
    keywords: bats; cov; ebola; et al; humans; mers; sars; transmission; viruses
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        item: #2629 of 5187
          id: cord-303959-e1654g5j
      author: Vitiello, Antonio
       title: COVID-19 Patients with Pulmonary Fibrotic Tissue: Clinical Pharmacological Rational of Antifibrotic Therapy
        date: 2020-08-27
       words: 1919
      flesch: 29
     summary: In this article, we describe the advantages of antifibrotic therapy in patients with ongoing SARS-CoV-2 viral infection to prevent the worsening and aggravation of the clinical situation, and the advantages it could have in the role of preventing pulmonary fibrosis after SARS-CoV-2 infection, and in accelerating the complete healing process. SARS-CoV-2 infection can have a completely asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic course, but in some cases, it can also cause systemic hyperinflammation, pulmonary fibrosis and scarring with lung collapse, multi-organ dysfunction, and patient death
    keywords: covid-19; fibrosis; infection; sars
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        item: #2630 of 5187
          id: cord-303960-86mukxg1
      author: Rahimi, Farid
       title: Tackling the COVID-19 Pandemic
        date: 2020-04-24
       words: 1759
      flesch: 43
     summary: Predictably, the present pandemic will wane, but future waves of COVID-19 outbreaks may emerge (10) (11) (12) , potentially seasonally. The epidemiology and pathogenesis of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome Structural basis for the recognition of the SARS-CoV-2 by fulllength human ACE2 Transmission routes of respiratory viruses among humans Network theory and SARS: predicting outbreak diversity MERS outbreak in Korea: hospital-to-hospital transmission
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; outbreak; pandemic; sars
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        item: #2631 of 5187
          id: cord-304013-nzigx0k0
      author: Lipinski, Tom
       title: Review of ventilation strategies to reduce the risk of disease transmission in high occupancy buildings
        date: 2020-09-13
       words: 12837
      flesch: 43
     summary: Bidirectional ventilation system Natural ventilation relies on natural driving forces. The British standards BS EN 16798-3:2017 defines 4 basic types of ventilation systems:
    keywords: air; buildings; cov-2; covid-19; disease; droplets; figure; flow; heat; indoor; infection; number; particles; rate; risk; room; sars; spread; transmission; ventilation; ventilation systems; virus
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        item: #2632 of 5187
          id: cord-304016-4o2bpedp
      author: Hanage, William P.
       title: COVID-19: US federal accountability for entry, spread, and inequities—lessons for the future
        date: 2020-11-02
       words: 5710
      flesch: 44
     summary: With only 4% of the worldwide population, the US has seen about 22% of COVID-19 deaths. With only 4% of the worldwide population, the US has seen about 22% of COVID-19 deaths.
    keywords: age; cases; complaints; covid-19; data; deaths; excess; federal; health; mortality; osha; pandemic; population
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        item: #2633 of 5187
          id: cord-304031-poh3te9j
      author: Leder, K.
       title: Respiratory infections during air travel
        date: 2005-01-13
       words: 4527
      flesch: 46
     summary: The study found the reported rates of a cold and/or runny nose were similar, suggesting that aircraft cabin air recirculation does not increase the risk for upper respiratory symptoms. Cabin air is derived largely from cabin pressurization systems, which generally result in a cabin altitude of 4000-8000 feet at an aircraft altitude of 30 000-40 000 feet.
    keywords: air; aircraft; cabin; passengers; risk; transmission; travel
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        item: #2634 of 5187
          id: cord-304058-i8cywew0
      author: Pfefferle, Susanne
       title: Reverse genetic characterization of the natural genomic deletion in SARS-Coronavirus strain Frankfurt-1 open reading frame 7b reveals an attenuating function of the 7b protein in-vitro and in-vivo
        date: 2009-08-24
       words: 9581
      flesch: 50
     summary: The characterization of virus proteins can be unreliable if only the protein of interest is studied on its own. In CaCo-2 and HUH7 cells, but not in Vero cells, the variant carrying the ORF 7b deletion had a replicative advantage against the parental virus (4- and 6-fold increase of virus RNA in supernatant, respectively).
    keywords: cdna; cells; coronavirus; cov; deletion; figure; fragment; frankfurt-1; genome; infection; interferon; orf; pcr; protein; replication; rna; sars; syndrome; virus
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        item: #2635 of 5187
          id: cord-304073-f3iwclkm
      author: Mullick, Jhinuk Basu
       title: Animal Models to Study Emerging Technologies Against SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-07-27
       words: 5323
      flesch: 42
     summary: Having anatomical and physiological similarity with the human respiratory system, ferrets (Mustula putorius furo) have previously been used for studying SARS infection. The Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, ME) has recently started re-producing the K18-hACE2 strain used to study SARS infection, 55 although systemic damage and neuroinflammation still did not represent the human clinical profile.
    keywords: animal; cats; cov-2; covid-19; human; infection; mice; model; sars; studies; study; transmission
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        item: #2636 of 5187
          id: cord-304088-xkg0ylz8
      author: Zhu, Han
       title: Cardiovascular Complications in Patients with COVID-19: Consequences of Viral Toxicities and Host Immune Response
        date: 2020-04-21
       words: 5545
      flesch: 33
     summary: The mechanism of cardiac injury is unclear but likely involves a combination of direct viral damage and immune-mediated damage by inflammatory cytokines/chemokines and cytotoxic immune cell response in the later stages of infection. In order to better understand the biology of viral immune response and how it impacts the heart, we explore here the basic biological mechanisms underlying viral entry into the host cells and the subsequent immune response.
    keywords: acute; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; injury; patients; protein; response; sars
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        item: #2637 of 5187
          id: cord-304101-b9na3yf6
      author: Yong, Suh Kuan
       title: Molecular Targets for the Testing of COVID‐19
        date: 2020-05-18
       words: 1780
      flesch: 38
     summary: Although the protein testing method is similar, the targets are not part of the virus and the testing specimens used can be quite different as compared to those for viral protein detection. It also shows the complexity and time consumed in obtaining and screening an antibody for an unbiased test targeting specific viral protein.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; detection; protein; sars; testing
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        item: #2638 of 5187
          id: cord-304115-xs54f295
      author: Zamaniyan, Marzieh
       title: Preterm delivery in pregnant woman with critical COVID‐19 pneumonia and vertical transmission
        date: 2020-04-17
       words: 1798
      flesch: 46
     summary: Possible vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from an infected mother to her newborn Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records. All rights reserved World Health Organization Real estimates of mortality following COVID-19 infection.
    keywords: covid-19; delivery; disease; neonate; sars; transmission
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        item: #2639 of 5187
          id: cord-304139-ya3d7u9b
      author: Bosmann, Markus
       title: Complement Activation during Critical Illness: Current Findings and an Outlook in the Era of COVID-19
        date: 2020-07-15
       words: 2010
      flesch: 29
     summary: The inhibition of complement pathways may have beneficial effects on COVID-19-associated coagulopathy (13) . In their current work in this issue of the Journal, Bain and colleagues (pp. 230-240) report on the association between alternative complement pathway activity and better survival in patients with critical illness (3).
    keywords: complement; covid-19; lung; pathway; patients; system
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        item: #2640 of 5187
          id: cord-304176-yloqrblw
      author: Tunesi, S.
       title: Prescribing COVID-19 treatments: what we should never forget
        date: 2020-05-13
       words: 704
      flesch: 38
     summary: key: cord-304176-yloqrblw authors: Tunesi, S.; Bourgarit, A. title: Prescribing COVID-19 treatments: what we should never forget date: 2020-05-13 journal: J Infect DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.05.018 sha: doc_id: 304176 cord_uid: yloqrblw nan Prescribing COVID-19 treatments: what we should never forget S. Tunesi, A. Bourgarit Sorbonne Paris-Nord University (Paris 13), Bobigny, France; Inserm, UMR 1135 CIMI, Paris, France; APHP, HUPSSD, Internal medicine department, Bondy, France Authors equally contributed to write and edit this paper. PLoS ONE Clinical evidence does not support corticosteroid treatment for 2019-nCoV lung injury.
    keywords: covid-19; sars; treatment
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        item: #2641 of 5187
          id: cord-304201-fziv9a9k
      author: Chiang, Chi-Huei
       title: Eight-Month Prospective Study of 14 Patients With Hospital-Acquired Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
        date: 2004-11-30
       words: 4229
      flesch: 43
     summary: The mean ± SD diffusing capacity of ARDS survivors who also had SARS was reduced to 51.5%±11.0% of the predicted normal value but was 83.8%±16% of that predicted in SARS patients who did not have ARDS. Our patients experienced diarrhea more commonly than SARS patients reported in other studies.
    keywords: acute; chest; hospital; ldh; levels; lung; patients; sars; syndrome
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        item: #2642 of 5187
          id: cord-304232-c0cpx2q3
      author: Opriessnig, Tanja
       title: Update on possible animal sources for COVID‐19 in humans
        date: 2020-06-17
       words: 992
      flesch: 43
     summary: In support of these early results, an ongoing study conducted at the Friedrich Loeffler Institute in Germany further confirmed that pigs and chickens are not susceptible to intranasal infection with SARS-CoV-2 (https://prome dmail.org/prome d-post/?id=7196506). There is strong evidence that SARS-CoV-2 from COVID-19 infected humans can spillover to animal species within the families Mustelidae, Felinae, and Caninae.
    keywords: cats; infection; sars
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        item: #2643 of 5187
          id: cord-304254-67brxejx
      author: Wei, Ping
       title: The N-terminal octapeptide acts as a dimerization inhibitor of SARS coronavirus 3C-like proteinase
        date: 2006-01-20
       words: 4580
      flesch: 43
     summary: Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus main proteinase (3CLPro) structure: basis for design of anti-SARS drugs A 3D model of SARS-CoV 3CL proteinase and its inhibitors design by virtual screening Identifying inhibitor of the SARS coronavirus proteinase Sabadinine: a potential non-peptide anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome agent identified using structure-aided design Structure and dynamics of SARS coronavirus proteinase: the primary key to the designing and screening for anti-SARS drugs Identification of novel inhibitors of the SARS coronavirus main protease 3CL Pro Small molecules targeting severe acute respiratory syndrome human coronavirus Identification of novel small-molecule inhibitors of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus by chemical genetics Synthesis and evaluation of keto-glutamine analogues as potent inhibitors of severe acute respiratory syndrome 3CLpro Synthesis and evaluation of isatin derivatives as effective SARS coronavirus 3CL protease inhibitors Design and synthesis of peptidomimetic severe acute respiratory syndrome chymotrypsin-like protease inhibitors Design of widespectrum inhibitors targeting coronavirus main proteases Structure of coronavirus main proteinase reveals combination of a chymotrypsin fold with an extra a-helical domain The crystal structure of severe acute respiratory syndrome virus main proteinase and its complex with an hibitor 3C-like proteinase from SARS coronavirus catalyzes substrate hydrolysis by a general base mechanism Biosynthesis, purification and substrate specificity of SARS coronavirus 3C-like proteinase Dissection study on the SARS 3C-like protease reveals the critical role of the extra domain in dimerization of the enzyme: Defining the extra domain as a new target for design of highly-specific protease inhibitors The inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus proteases by 'interface peptides HIV-1 reproduction is inhibited by peptides derived from the N-and C-terminal of HIV-1 protease Dimerization inhibitors of HIV-1 protease Targeting the dimerization interface for irreversible inhibition of HIV-1 protease Inhibiting the assembly of protein-protein interfaces Targeting the dimerization interface of HIV-1 protease: inhibition with cross-linked interfacial peptides Comparison of the crystal structures and intersubunit interactions of human immunodeficiency and Rous sarcoma virus proteases Dissociative inhibition of dimeric enzymes Size-distribution analysis of macromolecules by sedimentation velocity ultracentrifugation and lamm equation modeling On the analysis of protein self-association by sedimentation velocity analytical ultracentrifugation Modern analytical ultracentrifugation in protein science: a tutorial review Modern applications of analytical ultracentrifugation Reversible and fast association equilibria of a molecular chaperone, gp57A, of bacteriophage T4 Quaternary structure of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus main protease Mechanism of the maturation process of SARS-CoV 3CL protease Critical assessment of important regions in the subunit association and catalytic action of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus main protease Small-molecule inhibitors of HIV-1 protease dimerization derived from cross-linked interfacial peptides This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China and the National Natural Science Foundation of China. The N-terminal octapeptide N8 and its mutants were also synthesized and tested for their potency as dimerization inhibitors.
    keywords: activity; coronavirus; design; dimerization; enzyme; inhibitor; peptide; proteinase; sars; sedimentation
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        item: #2644 of 5187
          id: cord-304263-5kddk5fa
      author: C., Selvaa Kumar
       title: Comparative docking studies to understand the binding affinity of nicotine with soluble ACE2 (sACE2)-SARS-CoV-2 complex over sACE2
        date: 2020-10-08
       words: 3789
      flesch: 44
     summary: Mapping of nicotine binding residues of nN-AChR on INS1-sACE2 complex showed the nicotine-interacting residues flanked by the Asp368, Thr362, Lys363, Thr365, Thr371 and Ala372 residues located proximally to Cys344 ( Figure 5 ). ACE2 protein modelled using SWISS-MODEL online server wherein Protein Data Bank ID:
    keywords: binding; cov-2; interaction; nicotine; protein; receptor; residues; sace2; sars
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        item: #2645 of 5187
          id: cord-304271-vyayyk50
      author: Qin, Yuan-Yuan
       title: Effectiveness of glucocorticoid therapy in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019: protocol of a randomized controlled trial
        date: 2020-03-05
       words: 3999
      flesch: 31
     summary: [2] However, other coronaviruses, such as those associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), may cause severe respiratory disease, and have caused a total of more than 10,000 laboratory-confirmed cases globally in the past two decades, with a 10% and 34.4% case-fatality rate, respectively. Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Infection by the National Health Commission (Trial Version 6) 2020 The Third International Consensus definitions for sepsis and septic shock (Sepsis-3) Effects of early corticosteroid treatment on plasma SARS-associated Coronavirus RNA concentrations in adult patients Overlapping and discrete aspects of the pathology and pathogenesis of the emerging human pathogenic coronaviruses SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and 2019-nCoV Clinical features and short-term outcomes of 144 patients with SARS in the greater Toronto area Corticosteroid treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Development of a standard treatment protocol for severe acute respiratory syndrome High-dose pulse versus nonpulse corticosteroid regimens in severe acute respiratory syndrome A major outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong A cluster of cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong
    keywords: acute; coronavirus; glucocorticoid; patients; sars; study; syndrome; therapy; treatment
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        item: #2646 of 5187
          id: cord-304280-2a84u4tm
      author: Masic, Izet
       title: Public Health Aspects of COVID-19 Infection with Focus on Cardiovascular Diseases
        date: 2020-03-17
       words: 4697
      flesch: 37
     summary: Then, a few days ago, French researchers showed in a very small group of patients that the concomitant administration of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin (Sumamed) had an even better effect in COVID-19 patients. Published case reports from the Chinese Centers for Disease Control indicate patients with underlying comorbid conditions have a heighted risk for contracting COVID-19 and a worse prognosis; depending on the report, between 25% and 50% of COVID-19 patients present with underlying conditions.
    keywords: care; covid-19; disease; health; infection; pandemic; patients; risk; sars; treatment; virus
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        item: #2647 of 5187
          id: cord-304282-om2xc4bs
      author: Berhan, Yifru
       title: Will Africa be Devastated by Covid-19 as Many Predicted? Perspective and Prospective
        date: 2020-05-17
       words: 5349
      flesch: 53
     summary: Therefore, as the very recently confirmed case reports showed, the assumption is that the virus carriers are already within the community, and probably in many other African countries too. The case load curves of many African countries are also waxing and waning type; a steady type of increment is not yet observed in the last 2-3 months, which is against with an exponential spread.
    keywords: africa; case; countries; covid-19; deaths; europe; influenza; sars; zone
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        item: #2648 of 5187
          id: cord-304295-3mpymd8a
      author: Khan, Muhammad Muzamil
       title: Emergence of novel coronavirus and progress toward treatment and vaccine
        date: 2020-06-04
       words: 2944
      flesch: 39
     summary: It can inhibit chymotrypsin-like (3C-like) protease and has shown promising results against SARS coronavirus. Mild/Moderate 2019-nCoV Remdesivir RCT Role of lopinavir/ritonavir in the treatment of SARS: initial virological and clinical findings Treatment with lopinavir/ritonavir or interferon-β1b improves outcome of MERS-CoV infection in a nonhuman primate model of common marmoset Approved antiviral drugs over the past 50 years Clinical management of respiratory syndrome in patients hospitalized for suspected Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in the Paris area from Effect of chloroquine on the growth of animal viruses In vitro inhibition of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus by chloroquine An evaluation of chloroquine as a broad-acting antiviral against hand, foot and mouth disease FDA-approved drug, prevents Zika virus infection and its associated congenital microcephaly in mice Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread Dose refinements in long-term therapy of rheumatoid arthritis with antimalarials Breakthrough: Chloroquine phosphate has shown apparent efficacy in treatment of COVID-19 associated pneumonia in clinical studies Discovering drugs to treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Clinical efficacy and side effects of antimalarials in systemic lupus erythematosus: a systematic review Mechanism of endosomal TLR inhibition by antimalarial drugs and imidazoquinolines The ectodomain of Toll-like receptor 9 is cleaved to generate a functional receptor Immune stimulation mediated by autoantigen binding sites within small nuclear RNAs involves Toll-like receptors 7 and 8 Cutting edge: antimalarial drugs inhibit IFN-β production through blockade of cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-DNA interaction Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine equally affect tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin 6, and interferongamma production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells In vitro antiviral activity and projection of optimized dosing design of hydroxychloroquine for the treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Targeting endosomal acidification by chloroquine analogs as a promising strategy for the treatment of emerging viral diseases Cinanserin is an inhibitor of the 3C-like proteinase of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and strongly reduces virus replication in vitro Emerging coronaviruses: genome structure, replication, and pathogenesis Flavonoids: an overview Flavonoids from Pterogyne nitens inhibit hepatitis C virus entry Inhibition of SARS-CoV 3CL protease by flavonoids
    keywords: chloroquine; clinical; coronavirus; cov-2; novel; pneumonia; sars; treatment; vaccine
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        item: #2649 of 5187
          id: cord-304306-rxjahqwh
      author: Vlachakis, Dimitrios
       title: Molecular mechanisms of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 and potential anti-COVID19 pharmacological targets since the outbreak of the pandemic
        date: 2020-10-08
       words: 8538
      flesch: 33
     summary: A different function of the N protein is its interaction with the protease subunit p42, which degrades viral proteins . Specifically, this interaction may impair proteolysis of viral proteins and their presentation to Cytotoxic T-Lymphocytes, thus promoting viral evasion from immune effectors .
    keywords: activity; binding; cell; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; domain; drug; et al; helicase; inhibitors; membrane; polymerase; protease; protein; replication; rna; sars; spike; structure; target
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        item: #2650 of 5187
          id: cord-304321-y177sqee
      author: Cho, Ryan H. W.
       title: Pearls of experience for safe and efficient hospital practices in otorhinolaryngology—head and neck surgery in Hong Kong during the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic
        date: 2020-05-15
       words: 4380
      flesch: 39
     summary: Moreover, COVID-19 patients as young as 3 days have been reported [23] . Recommendations on implementing isolation precautions in hospital settings Rational use of personal protective equipment for coronavirus disease (COVID-19): Interim guidance Considerations for recommending extended use and limited reuse of filtering facepiece respirators in health care settings Recovering the infective route of super-spreaders SARS-CoV-2 viral load in upper respiratory specimen of infected patients Suggestions for prevention of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in otolaryngology head and neck surgery medical staff Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China Tracheostomy during SARS Tumor progression in waiting time for radiotherapy in head and neck cancer Recurrent thyroid cancer: role of surgery versus radioactive iodine Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in children: experts' consensus statement A case report of neonatal COVID-19 infection in China A case series of children with 2019 novel coronavirus infection: clinical and epidemiological features Successful telemedicine programs in otolaryngology Validation study of portable device for the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea according to the new AASM scoring criteria: Watch-PAT 100 Diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea by peripheral arterial tonometry: meta-analysis Infection control in audiological practice Infection prevention and control guidelines for audiology Health care workers are at high risk of catching COVID-19.
    keywords: cases; china; coronavirus; covid-19; healthcare; hospital; infection; pandemic; patients; personnel; procedures; sars
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        item: #2651 of 5187
          id: cord-304340-9mrtic2k
      author: Karacan, Ilker
       title: The origin of SARS-CoV-2 in Istanbul: Sequencing findings from the epicenter of the pandemic in Turkey
        date: 2020-05-15
       words: 2996
      flesch: 51
     summary: Turkey is one of the latest countries that COVID-19 disease was reported, with the first case on March 11, 2020, and since then, Istanbul became the epicenter of the pandemic in Turkey. Patients with various clinical presentations (one asymptomatic, one moderate, and one with severe pulmonary infiltration) were included in this study.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; isolates; istanbul; patient; sars; sequencing
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        item: #2652 of 5187
          id: cord-304355-y3fagw3t
      author: Pan, Boyu
       title: Chinese herbal compounds against SARS-CoV-2: puerarin and quercetin impair the binding of viral S-protein to ACE2 receptor
        date: 2020-11-11
       words: 4398
      flesch: 38
     summary: The results showed that all of the three compounds could fit into a common binding pocket on ACE2 protein, which located at some distance from the binding interface of ACE2-SARS-CoV ( Figure 3A ). Furthermore, SPR-based competition assay revealed that puerarin and quercetin could significantly affect the binding of viral S-protein to ACE2 receptor.
    keywords: ace2; analysis; binding; compounds; cov-2; covid-19; protein; puerarin; quercetin; sars
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        item: #2653 of 5187
          id: cord-304356-jyp9gjh9
      author: Grant, Rogan A.
       title: Alveolitis in severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia is driven by self-sustaining circuits between infected alveolar macrophages and T cells
        date: 2020-08-05
       words: 7464
      flesch: 38
     summary: We performed single cell RNA-Seq in 5 bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples collected from patients with severe COVID-19 within 48 hours of intubation. Single cell RNA-Seq of flow-sorted BAL cells:
    keywords: alveolar; analysis; bal; cells; controls; cov-2; covid-19; data; figure; flow; infection; macrophages; patients; pneumonia; rna; samples; sars; seq; type
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        item: #2654 of 5187
          id: cord-304372-6eqnr52t
      author: Stolle, Claudia
       title: Bedarfe der Langzeitpflege in der COVID-19-Pandemie
        date: 2020-10-28
       words: 2719
      flesch: 38
     summary: Dies deutet auf vergleichbare Bedarfe der Befragten während der Bewältigung der Pandemie in beiden Versorgungsformen hin. Zusammengefasst in der Unterkategorie Beratung der Einrichtungen, benannten die
    keywords: auf; befragten; bei; cov-2; covid-19; den; der; die; durch; eine; einrichtungen; für; mit; nicht; pandemie; pflegebedürftigen; pflegeeinrichtungen; sars; sich; und; von; wurde
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        item: #2655 of 5187
          id: cord-304379-4mfyxp6h
      author: Wang, Jin
       title: Mathematical models for COVID-19: applications, limitations, and potentials
        date: 2020-06-25
       words: 1565
      flesch: 25
     summary: Mathematical epidemic models are well positioned to incorporate the economic impact of COVID-19, to quantify the interaction of epidemiological and economic factors, and to suggest an optimal balance between the pandemic control and economic development. Machine learning and other artificial intelligence techniques can complement and improve mathematical epidemic models by taking advantage of the large data sets currently available, including epidemic, genetic, demographic, geospatial and mobility data, the scale of which is typically far beyond the applicability of a standard mathematical model.
    keywords: covid-19; modeling; models; transmission
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        item: #2656 of 5187
          id: cord-304388-pth2d40p
      author: Lai, Chih-Cheng
       title: Asymptomatic carrier state, acute respiratory disease, and pneumonia due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): Facts and myths
        date: 2020-03-04
       words: 4398
      flesch: 46
     summary: However, asymptomatic patients or patients with mild COVID-19 symptoms may not seek health care, nor receive diagnosis, which leads to underestimation of the burden of COVID-19. Second, Zou et al. reported that the viral load detected in asymptomatic patients was similar to that found in symptomatic patients; however, the viral loads from patients with severe diseases were higher than those in patients with mild-to-moderate presentations.
    keywords: cases; china; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; patients; pneumonia; sars
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        item: #2657 of 5187
          id: cord-304418-k9owyolj
      author: Le Maréchal, M.
       title: COVID-19 in clinical practice: a narrative synthesis
        date: 2020-09-29
       words: 6303
      flesch: 43
     summary: Thromboembolic complications Several works have described the high incidence in COVID-19 patients of both venous and arterial thromboembolic diseases. Cardiac injuries have been described in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: cases; china; coronavirus; covid-19; days; disease; group; infection; patients; remdesivir; sars; study; syndrome; treatment; viral
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        item: #2658 of 5187
          id: cord-304457-8g36h1bz
      author: Idelsis, E.-M.
       title: Effect and safety of combination of interferon alpha-2b and gamma or interferon alpha-2b for negativization of SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA. Preliminary results of a randomized controlled clinical trial.
        date: 2020-08-01
       words: 5864
      flesch: 40
     summary: Negativization for HeberFERON treated patients was related to a significant increase in lymphocytes counts and an also significant reduction in CRP as early as 7 days after commencing the therapeutic schedule. Earlier increase in lymphocytes percentage was observed only for HeberFERON treated patients (p=0.0141) with a marked trend for increment in lymphocytes concentrations.
    keywords: clinical; cov-2; covid-19; group; heberferon; ifn; medrxiv; patients; preprint; sars; treatment; trial
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        item: #2659 of 5187
          id: cord-304479-uxp1kg86
      author: Goodarzi, Pedram
       title: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Immunological approaches and emerging pharmacologic treatments
        date: 2020-08-08
       words: 8115
      flesch: 35
     summary: Furthermore, there are some open clinical trials for the therapeutic assessment of methylprednisolone on COVID-19 patients [57] . [58] , shows that at least six different published studies on the effect of corticosteroids on COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: antiviral; cells; convalescent; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; human; infection; patients; plasma; pneumonia; remdesivir; sars; study; therapy; treatment
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        item: #2660 of 5187
          id: cord-304480-azosg1tt
      author: Hu, Donghua
       title: Studies on the interactions of Ti-containing polyoxometalates (POMs) with SARS-CoV 3CL(pro) by molecular modeling
        date: 2006-09-05
       words: 2398
      flesch: 57
     summary: In POMs, the electronegative OTi 2 oxygen contributes much for electrostatic energy interactions. The representative structure of POM/3CL pro complexes is shown in Fig. 4 .
    keywords: 3cl; poms; pro; pti; sars
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        item: #2661 of 5187
          id: cord-304487-ycvu5l5f
      author: Wertheim, Joel O
       title: A glimpse into the origins of genetic diversity in SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-03-04
       words: 1204
      flesch: 36
     summary: Genetic recombination has biological and evolutionary consequences only when the two recombining viruses are sufficiently genetically distinct. Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin A case for the ancient origin of coronaviruses Identifying genetic markers of adaptation for surveillance of viral host jumps Evolutionary aspects of recombination in RNA viruses MERS-CoV spillover at the camel-human interface Full-genome evolutionary analysis of the novel corona virus (2019-nCoV) rejects the hypothesis of emergence as a result of a recent recombination event
    keywords: cov-2; recombination; sars
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        item: #2662 of 5187
          id: cord-304498-ty41xob0
      author: Denison, Mark R
       title: Coronaviruses: An RNA proofreading machine regulates replication fidelity and diversity
        date: 2011-03-01
       words: 7361
      flesch: 26
     summary: This review will discuss the role of RNA replication fidelity in RNA virus replication and pathogenesis, and will focus on a novel exoribonuclease universally encoded within CoV genomes that likely mediates RNA-dependent RNA proofreading during virus replication. key: cord-304498-ty41xob0 authors: Denison, Mark R; Graham, Rachel L; Donaldson, Eric F; Eckerle, Lance D; Baric, Ralph S title: Coronaviruses: An RNA proofreading machine regulates replication fidelity and diversity date: 2011-03-01 journal: RNA Biology DOI: 10.4161/rna.8.2.15013 sha: doc_id: 304498 cord_uid: ty41xob0 In order to survive and propagate, RNA viruses must achieve a balance between the capacity for adaptation to new environmental conditions or host cells with the need to maintain an intact and replication competent genome.
    keywords: activity; coronavirus; cov; covs; diversity; exon; fidelity; genome; mutation; nsp14; pathogenesis; replication; rna; sars; virus; viruses
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        item: #2663 of 5187
          id: cord-304544-tqtdjh2m
      author: Enes, Ak
       title: Transcriptional response of signalling pathways to SARS-CoV-2 infection in normal human bronchial epithelial cells
        date: 2020-06-20
       words: 3748
      flesch: 41
     summary: Although virus entry protein ACE2 has low expression in NHBE cells, pathogen response pathways are strongly activated within 24 hours of infection. We find that response generated in H1N1 infection is much stronger in the Influenza A pathway as expected, but other immune response pathways such as IL-17, NFκB and TNF pathways yielded a stronger response in SARS-CoV-2 infection, which may explain the severity and higher mortality rates of inflammation in patients when compared to swine flu.
    keywords: cells; cov-2; infection; pathway; response; sars
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        item: #2664 of 5187
          id: cord-304550-6j1pb1pu
      author: Yongchen, Zhang
       title: Different longitudinal patterns of nucleic acid and serology testing results based on disease severity of COVID-19 patients
        date: 2020-05-02
       words: 2034
      flesch: 36
     summary: The dynamic profile of viral replication and shedding along with viral antigen specific antibody responses among COVID-19 patients started to be reported but there is no consensus on their patterns. The dynamic profile of viral replication and shedding along with viral antigen specific antibody responses among COVID-19 patients started to be reported [2] but there is no consensus on their patterns.
    keywords: antibody; covid-19; patients; responses; sars
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        item: #2665 of 5187
          id: cord-304574-03s404s5
      author: Luciani, Lorenzo G.
       title: Re: Jan-Niclas Mumm, Andreas Osterman, Michael Ruzicka, et al. Urinary Frequency as a Possible Overlooked Symptom in COVID-19 Patients: Does SARS-CoV-2 Cause Viral Cystitis? Eur Urol. In press. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2020.05.013: Severe Involvement of the Urinary Tract During COVID-19 Infection
        date: 2020-06-12
       words: 174
      flesch: 58
     summary: Urinary frequency as a possible overlooked symptom in COVID-19 patients: does SARS-CoV-2 cause viral cystitis? [1] reported that urinary frequency might be a symptom of SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: sars
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        item: #2666 of 5187
          id: cord-304584-jxha3rz8
      author: Giacomo, Di
       title: SARS-COV-2 infection in cancer patients undergoing checkpoint blockade: clinical course and outcome
        date: 2020-05-03
       words: 426
      flesch: 33
     summary: Additionally, the vast majority of cancer patients receive therapy on an out-patients basis; thus, asymptomatic COVID-19 positive patients are generally free to access the Oncology Units, representing a major Figure 1 ). Challenges in lung cancer therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic Fair Allocation of Scarce Medical Resources in the Time of Covid-19 Managing cancer care during the COVID-19 pandemic: agility and collaboration toward a common goal A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Figure 1.
    keywords: covid-19; patients
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        item: #2667 of 5187
          id: cord-304617-5ozf18lg
      author: Al-Khafaji, Khattab
       title: Using integrated computational approaches to identify safe and rapid treatment for SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-05-15
       words: 4370
      flesch: 42
     summary: Here we investigated the role of molecular weight upon the affinity of selected drugs to bind covalently to Cys145, whereas 57% of selected drugs which have molecular weight over than 600 g/ mol ( Figure 2 ). While the ratio of selected drugs decreased to be 16% of drugs which can form covalent bonding with over than À50 kcal/mol.
    keywords: binding; cov-2; covalent; docking; drugs; mpro; protein; ritonavir; saquinavir; sars
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        item: #2668 of 5187
          id: cord-304626-ffao7vka
      author: Mellors, Jack
       title: Viral Evasion of the Complement System and Its Importance for Vaccines and Therapeutics
        date: 2020-07-09
       words: 11774
      flesch: 21
     summary: Activated C1s cleaves complement proteins C4 and C2 into active fragments C4b and C2a, along with an inactive fragment (C2b), and a proteaseactivated receptor (PAR)1/PAR4 ligand (C4a) which increases endothelial cell permeability (26). Dyn Immune Activ Viral Dis Mechanism for complement-mediated, antibody-dependent enhancement of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in MT2 cells is enhanced entry through CD4, CD21, and CXCR4 chemokine receptors Enhanced inflammation in New Zealand white rabbits when MERS-CoV reinfection occurs in the absence of neutralizing antibody Antibody-dependent enhancement of Ebola virus infection Complement C3 plays a key role in inducing humoral and cellular immune responses to influenza virus strain-specific hemagglutinin-based or crossprotective M2 extracellular domain-based vaccination Complement enhances in vitro neutralizing potency of antibodies to human cytomegalovirus glycoprotein B (gB) and immune sera induced by gB/MF59 vaccination GP38-targeting monoclonal antibodies protect adult mice against lethal Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus infection Structural insights into the mechanisms of antibody-mediated neutralization of flavivirus infection: implications for vaccine development Complement activation is required for induction of a protective antibody response against West Nile virus infection C1q reduces the stoichiometric threshold for antibody-mediated neutralization of West Nile Virus C1q inhibits antibody-dependent enhancement of flavivirus infection in vitro and in vivo in an IgG subclass specific manner Complement-mediated virus infectivity neutralisation by HLA antibodies is associated with sterilising immunity to SIV challenge in the Macaque Model for HIV/AIDS C3d of complement as a molecular adjuvant: bridging innate and acquired immunity Complement activation and complement receptors on follicular dendritic cells are critical for the function of a targeted adjuvant Novel function of complement C3d as an autologous helper T-cell target C3d adjuvant effects are mediated through the activation of C3d-specific autoreactive T cells Construction and immunogenicity of DNA vaccines encoding fusion protein of murine complement C3d-p28 and GP5 gene of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Fusion of C3d molecule with neutralization epitope(s) of hepatitis E virus enhances antibody avidity maturation and neutralizing activity following DNA immunization Enhancement of antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope by using the molecular adjuvant C3d Immune effect of Newcastle Disease Virus DNA vaccine with C3d as a molecular adjuvant Protection against influenza virus infection by intranasal administration of C3d-fused hemagglutinin Complement, interferon and lupus Complement component 3 regulates IFN-α production by plasmacytoid dendritic cells following TLR7 activation by a plant Virus-like nanoparticle Complement-mediated regulation of metabolism and basic cellular processes Complement in the brain Interaction between the coagulation and complement system Evolution of the complement system: from defense of the single cell to guardian of the intravascular space Sea urchin coelomocytes specifically express a homologue of the complement component C3 The role of complement in Cnidarian-Dinoflagellate symbiosis and immune challenge in the sea Anemone Aiptasia pallida Specific alterations in complement protein activity of little brown myotis (Myotis lucifugus) hibernating in white-nose syndrome affected sites The complement in milk and defense of the bovine mammary gland against infections Complement-mediated killing of Borrelia garinii-bactericidal activity of wild deer serum Genetic association of the Porcine C9 complement component with hemolytic complement activity Inhibition of the alternative pathway of nonhuman infant complement by Porin B2 contributes to virulence of Neisseria meningitidis in the Infant Rat Model
    keywords: activation; activity; antibody; binding; c1q; c3a; c5a; cells; complement; factor; host; human; immune; infection; lectin; mbl; neutralization; pathway; protein; receptor; sars; system; virus
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        item: #2669 of 5187
          id: cord-304660-w7rs2dvt
      author: Bharadwaj, Shiv
       title: SARS-CoV-2 M(pro) inhibitors: identification of anti-SARS-CoV-2 M(pro) compounds from FDA approved drugs
        date: 2020-11-05
       words: 4862
      flesch: 25
     summary: Hence, these observations indicate the considerable stability of these protein-drug complexes against other docked drugs and reference ligand N3 inhibitor with SARS-CoV-2 M pro . Remarkably, SARS-CoV-2 M pro -Etoposide, SARS-CoV-2 M pro -Cept-11981, SARS-CoV-2 M pro -Teniposide, SARS-CoV-2 M pro -Orvepitant, and SARS-CoV-2 M pro -Setileuton docked complexes exhibited relatively higher binding free energy (>À60 kcal/mol) against other docked drug complexes and N3 Inhibitor complex (À84.75 kcal/mol).
    keywords: complex; cov-2; drugs; et al; inhibitor; protease; sars; simulation; structure
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        item: #2670 of 5187
          id: cord-304718-w469n0o8
      author: Wang, Yan
       title: Lack of association between polymorphisms of MASP2 and susceptibility to SARS coronavirus infection
        date: 2009-05-01
       words: 2600
      flesch: 46
     summary: To examine the hypothesis that polymorphisms of the MASP2 gene in SARS patients are genetic factors that influence infection susceptibility, we studied MASP2 gene polymorphisms in DNA from two groups of Chinese SARS patients, and compared these with normal blood donors from the same region. Our data do not suggest a role for MASP2 polymorphisms in SARS susceptibility in northern and southern China.
    keywords: association; gene; masp2; mbl; polymorphisms; sars; susceptibility; syndrome
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        item: #2671 of 5187
          id: cord-304724-luql6159
      author: Paderno, Alberto
       title: Smell and taste alterations in Covid‐19: a cross‐sectional analysis of different cohorts
        date: 2020-05-14
       words: 3352
      flesch: 45
     summary: In Group B, the prevalence of OD and GD was 72% (65‐79%) and 79% (73‐84%). The study aims to estimate the different characteristics of OD and GD in hospitalized patients and home-quarantined subjects with a nasal/pharyngeal swab positive for SARS-CoV-2 in an epidemic area.
    keywords: cases; cov-2; patients; prevalence; sars; symptoms
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        item: #2672 of 5187
          id: cord-304734-r0k1rfmt
      author: Moreno-Casbas, María Teresa
       title: Factores relacionados con el contagio por SARS-CoV-2 en profesionales de la salud en España. Proyecto SANICOVI
        date: 2020-05-25
       words: 3242
      flesch: 47
     summary: f Introducción El 31 de diciembre de 2019, China informó a la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) de la aparición de 27 casos de neumonía de origen desconocido (1). En España, desde el inicio de la alerta por SARS-CoV-2 se han registrado 213.435 casos diagnosticados y 24.543 defunciones (5, 7) .
    keywords: casos; con; cov-2; covid-19; datos; del; fue; las; los; momento; para; por; profesionales; que; sars; test; trabajo
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        item: #2673 of 5187
          id: cord-304742-ytf2ilw4
      author: Albini, Adriana
       title: The SARS-CoV-2 receptor, ACE-2, is expressed on many different cell types: implications for ACE-inhibitor- and angiotensin II receptor blocker-based antihypertensive therapies—reply
        date: 2020-07-14
       words: 1195
      flesch: 34
     summary: key: cord-304742-ytf2ilw4 authors: Albini, Adriana; Noonan, Douglas McClain; Pelosi, Giuseppe; Di Guardo, Giovanni; Lombardo, Michele title: The SARS-CoV-2 receptor, ACE-2, is expressed on many different cell types: implications for ACE-inhibitor- and angiotensin II receptor blocker-based antihypertensive therapies—reply date: 2020-07-14 journal: Intern Emerg Med DOI: 10.1007/s11739-020-02436-7 sha: doc_id: 304742 cord_uid: ytf2ilw4 nan We read with great interest the comment by Dr. De Cauwer [1] in response to our Point of View [2] . The SARS-CoV-2 receptor, ACE-2, is expressed on many different cell types: implications for ACEinhibitor-and angiotensin II receptor blocker-based cardiovascular therapies: comment The SARS-CoV-2 receptor, ACE-2, is expressed on many different cell types: implications for ACE-inhibitor-and angiotensin II receptor blocker-based cardiovascular therapies ACE 2 coding variants: a potential X-linked risk factor for COVID-19 disease Host cell proteases: critical determinants of coronavirus tropism and pathogenesis Down syndrome and COVID-19: a perfect storm?
    keywords: cells; infection; receptor; sars
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        item: #2674 of 5187
          id: cord-304787-fohgekp4
      author: Prazuck, Thierry
       title: Investigation of a family outbreak of COVID-19 using systematic rapid diagnostic tests raises new questions about transmission
        date: 2020-06-29
       words: 1130
      flesch: 55
     summary: We identified 3 independent index cases (residents #1, #9, #22) that infected 6 secondary cases: 2 in house A, none in house B and present were infected, although they had very closed contacts with their infected parents. Figure 1 shows distribution of residents in each house, kinship, confirmed COVID-19 cases and the temporal occurrence of each case.
    keywords: cov-2; house; resident
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        item: #2675 of 5187
          id: cord-304791-wv4qu9xm
      author: Carfora, Vincenzo
       title: Anticoagulant treatment in COVID-19: a narrative review
        date: 2020-08-18
       words: 3579
      flesch: 34
     summary: To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creat iveco mmons .org/licen ses/by/4.0/. Pharmacologic treatments for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a review SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study Substantial undocumented infection facilitates the rapid dissemination of novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) Outcomes in patients with hyperglycemia affected by COVID-19: can we do more on glycemic control? Lille ICU Haemostasis COVID-19 group (2020) Pulmonary embolism in COVID-19 patients: awareness of an increased prevalence Pulmonary post-mortem findings in a large series of COVID-19 cases from Northern Italy Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study D-dimer is associated with severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a pooled analysis Abnormal coagulation parameters are associated with poor prognosis in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia Clinical pathology of critical patient with novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and management of acute pulmonary embolism developed in collaboration with the European Respiratory Society (ERS) Inflammation and thrombosis: the clot thickens Dysregulation of immune response in patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China The role of inflammation in venous thromboembolism Proteinase activated receptors in fibroproliferative lung disease Coagulation cascade proteinases in lung injury and fibrosis Will complement inhibition be the new target in treating COVID-19 related systemic thrombosis? Effective treatment of severe COVID-19 patients with tocilizumab Eculizumab treatment in patients with COVID-19: preliminary results from real life ASL Napoli 2
    keywords: activation; cascade; complement; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; patients; pulmonary; sars; state
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        item: #2676 of 5187
          id: cord-304792-8sdxqmkb
      author: Khan, Md. Abdullah-Al-Kamran
       title: SARS-CoV-2 proteins exploit host’s genetic and epigenetic mediators for the annexation of key host signaling pathways that confers its immune evasion and disease pathophysiology
        date: 2020-05-08
       words: 2988
      flesch: 25
     summary: We have identified miRNA hsa-miR-429 whose transcription factor was also upregulated and targets were downregulated and this miRNA can have pivotal role in suppression of host immune responses. Integrating the experimentally validated host interactome proteins and differentially expressed host genes due to SARS-CoV-2 infection, we have taken a blend of computational and knowledgebase approach to delineate the interplay between host and SARS-CoV-2 in various signaling pathways.
    keywords: cov-2; figure; genes; host; human; infection; pathways; response; sars; signaling
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        item: #2677 of 5187
          id: cord-304815-3datxv8j
      author: Gronvall, Gigi Kwik
       title: The Scientific Response to a Pandemic
        date: 2006-02-24
       words: 1523
      flesch: 45
     summary: Given the importance of getting scientific information out into the world, scientists should consider now how they will respond and communicate in the setting of the next pandemic. The consequences of not adhering to laboratory biosafety guidelines can be dire.
    keywords: laboratories; pandemic; samples; sars; scientists
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        item: #2678 of 5187
          id: cord-304839-lesa5u2n
      author: Jiang, Fang
       title: Review of the Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
        date: 2020-03-04
       words: 1908
      flesch: 51
     summary: cn/showprojen.aspx?proj=48684 Clinical characteristics of novel coronavirus cases in tertiary hospitals in Hubei Province Baricitinib as potential treatment for 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease After careful screening, six published articles with confirmed cases were identified and included in this review.
    keywords: 2019; coronavirus; novel
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        item: #2679 of 5187
          id: cord-304871-gva617yp
      author: Zheng, Ting
       title: Clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID‐19 patients with gastrointestinal symptoms admitted to Jianghan Fangcang Shelter Hospital in Wuhan, China
        date: 2020-06-08
       words: 2579
      flesch: 47
     summary: However, few studies evaluated the clinical features and prognosis of COVID-19 patients with GI symptoms. COVID-19 patients with GI symptoms were more likely to have symptoms of fatigue, myalgia, and headache, which may be due to electrolyte disturbances 29 .
    keywords: covid-19; group; patients; sars; symptoms
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        item: #2680 of 5187
          id: cord-304898-he57l0y7
      author: Belghmaidi, Sarah
       title: Third Cranial Nerve Palsy Presenting with Unilateral Diplopia and Strabismus in a 24-Year-Old Woman with COVID-19
        date: 2020-10-15
       words: 1673
      flesch: 45
     summary: Ophthalmological manifestations of COVID-19 are rare compared with the typical clinical features, which include fever, dry cough, shortness of breath, myalgia, and fatigue, which are seen in most COVID-19 pneumonia patients [3] . Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China A case of COVID-19 pneumonia in a young male with full body rash as a presenting symptom Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) -World Health Organization SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2-dependent implications on the cardiovascular system: From basic science to clinical implications Features of anosmia in COVID-19 Neurologic manifestations of hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in Wuhan, China Evidence of the COVID-19 virus targeting the CNS: Tissue distribution, host-virus interaction, and proposed neurotropic mechanisms COVID-19, SARS and MERS:
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; days; nerve; palsy
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        item: #2681 of 5187
          id: cord-304899-vruq4r7z
      author: Guihot, Amélie
       title: Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère : une épidémie singulière de pneumonie virale
        date: 2004-03-31
       words: 2707
      flesch: 49
     summary: Ces structures ont permis l'observation d'une augmentation rapide du nombre de cas à travers le monde, facilitée par l'intensification des échanges aériens. Sur la numération formule sanguine, une lymphopénie est l'anomalie la plus fréquente, présente dans 54 à 84 % des cas 16, 17 .Cette lymphopénie porte à la fois sur les lymphocytes T CD4 et CD8, les lymphocytes B et NK (natural killer), et suggère une altération des défenses immunitaires des malades au cours du Sras.
    keywords: dans; des; les; par; sras; syndrome; une; été
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        item: #2682 of 5187
          id: cord-304943-thg4fqi2
      author: Noor, Aziz Ullah
       title: Epidemiology of CoViD-19 Pandemic: Recovery and mortality ratio around the globe
        date: 2020-05-17
       words: 3251
      flesch: 51
     summary: In this context, the identification of source animals, responsible for the transmission of CoViD-19 virus is extremely essential in order to control and prevent any future outbreak. Yet another reason of this pandemic was as 80% of CoViD-19 cases are mild or asymptomatic so the symptom base control of this disease is very difficult and less effective.
    keywords: 2019; cases; coronavirus; covid-19; infection; mers; novel; sars
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        item: #2683 of 5187
          id: cord-305025-pqye1ebh
      author: Sharifi, Majid
       title: Rapid diagnostics of coronavirus disease 2019 in early stages using nanobiosensors: challenges and opportunities
        date: 2020-09-28
       words: 3594
      flesch: 17
     summary: In conclusion, it can be deduced that as rapid COVID-19 detection infection can play a vital role in disease control and treatment, this review may be of great help for controlling the COVID-19 outbreak by providing some necessary information for the development of portable, accurate, selectable and simple nanobiosensors. press2009 Molecular diagnosis of influenza Sensitive 650 in situ hybridization with catalyzed reporter deposition, streptavidin-Nanogold, and silver 651 acetate autometallography: detection of single-copy human papillomavirus electrochemical DNA biosensor for detecting hepatitis A virus A versatile DNA detection scheme based on the 657 quenching of fluorescent silver nanoclusters by MoS 2 nanosheets: application to aptamer-658 based determination of hepatitis B virus and of dopamine The field effect transistor DNA biosensor based on ITO nanowires in label-661 free hepatitis B virus detecting compatible with CMOS technology chitosan and MWCNT for the determination of daclatasvir: a hepatitis C 665 antiviral drug A smart nanosensor for the detection of human immunodeficiency virus and associated 668 cardiovascular and arthritis diseases using functionalized graphene-based transistors Two types of nanoparticle-based bio-barcode amplification assays to detect HIV-1 p24 672 antigen Copper sulfide nanoplates as nanosensors for fast, 674 sensitive and selective detection of DNA A novel electrochemical DNA biosensor for Ebola virus detection Field-678 effect transistor biosensor for rapid detection of Ebola antigen Colorimetric detection of influenza A (H1N1) virus by a peptide-functionalized 681 polydiacetylene (PEP-PDA) nanosensor Electrophoresis-enhanced detection of 683 deoxyribonucleic acids on a membrane-based lateral flow strip using avian influenza H5 684 genetic sequence as the model Novel magnetic 686 relaxation nanosensors: an unparalleled spin on influenza diagnosis Direct acoustic profiling of 689 DNA hybridisation using HSV type 1 viral sequences Multiplexed colorimetric detection of 691 Kaposi's sarcoma associated herpesvirus and Bartonella DNA using gold and silver 692 nanoparticles Portable bioactive 694 paper based genosensor incorporated with Zn-Ag nanoblooms for herpes detection at the 695 point-of-care Reactive carbon nano-onion modified glassy 697 carbon surfaces as DNA sensors for human papillomavirus oncogene detection with enhanced 698 sensitivity Impedimetic biosensor for the DNA of the human papilloma virus based on the use of gold 701 nanosheets An ultrasensitive label free 703 human papilloma virus DNA biosensor using gold nanotubes based on nanoporous 704 polycarbonate in electrical alignment Plasmonic and chiroplasmonic nanobiosensors based on gold 708 nanoparticles Cancer diagnosis using nanomaterials based electrochemical 711 nanobiosensors Chapter 4 -Nanobiosensors for virus detection in the environment Development of point-of-care 716 nanobiosensors for breast cancers diagnosis Nanobiosensor: Current Trends and Applications Electrochemical virus detections with nanobiosensors Nanosensors for Smart Cities Recent trends in rapid detection of influenza infections by bio and nanobiosensor An alternative medical diagnosis method: 726 Biosensors for virus detection Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): situation report Covid-19 in Critically Ill Patients in the 730 Seattle Region-Case Series Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China, The 733 lancet Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia 736 in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-739 infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China Clinical 741 course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: 742 a single-centered, retrospective, observational study Analysis of CT 747 features of 15 children with 2019 novel coronavirus infection, Zhonghua er ke za zhi= 748 Cancer patients in SARS-CoV-2 infection: a nationwide analysis in China coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China: a report of 754 1014 cases Clinical characteristics of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in China Clinical 759 characteristics of 25 death cases infected with COVID-19 pneumonia: a retrospective review 760 of medical records in a single medical center A 762 tool to early predict severe 2019-novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19): a multicenter 763 study using the risk nomogram in Wuhan and Guangdong Laboratory Parameters in COVID-19 detection Patients with Positive 766 COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis, Travel medicine and infectious disease Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in children: experts' 775 consensus statement Population-scale COVID-19 diagnostics using a compressed 778 barcode space Al-alawneh, COVID-19 Infection Diagnosis: Potential Impact of 780 Isothermal Amplification Technology to Reduce Community Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Evaluation of COVID-19 RT-qPCR test in 784 multi-sample pools TaqMan probes to increase the sensitivity of 1-step quantitative reverse transcription-PCR: 787 application to the detection of SARS coronavirus RNA as a control for multiplex real-time reverse transcription-PCR detection of influenza 790 virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by 794 real-time RT-PCR Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirus-infected 797 pneumonia Improved molecular diagnosis of COVID-19 800 by the novel, highly sensitive and specific COVID-19-RdRp/Hel real-time reverse 801 transcription-PCR assay validated in vitro and with clinical specimens Novel coronavirus strain 2019-ncov Co-diagnostics Inc designs test for new coronavirus using coprimer 806 platform Bgi develops real-time fluorescent rt-pcr kit for detecting the 2019 novel 809 coronavirus Altona diagnostics is developing a rt-pcr kit for detection of novel 812 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19): 815 paving the road for rapid detection and point-of-care diagnostics Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Using Reverse transcription RT-LAMP method Overcoming the 821 bottleneck to widespread testing: A rapid review of nucleic acid testing approaches for COVID-19 detection Detection of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus using reverse 825 loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) Development and evaluation of a novel loop-mediated isothermal amplification 829 method for rapid detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Development of Reverse Transcription Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification (RT-LAMP)
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; detection; diagnosis; methods; nanobiosensors; novel; pcr; sars
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        item: #2684 of 5187
          id: cord-305054-4d84b2g6
      author: Liu, Yuan
       title: The selection of reference genome and the search for the origin of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-08-11
       words: 2176
      flesch: 56
     summary: key: cord-305054-4d84b2g6 authors: Liu, Yuan; Yan, Changhui title: The selection of reference genome and the search for the origin of SARS-CoV-2 date: 2020-08-11 journal: bioRxiv DOI: 10.1101/2020.08.10.245290 sha: doc_id: 305054 cord_uid: 4d84b2g6 We investigated how the selection of reference genome affect the resulting CoV genome assembly.
    keywords: genome; hu-1; ratg13; reference
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        item: #2685 of 5187
          id: cord-305059-8z54lw2d
      author: Qu, Jie-Ming
       title: Chapter 4 Diagnosis of COVID-19
        date: 2021-12-31
       words: 5057
      flesch: 43
     summary: At present, the problems encountered in virus nucleic acid detection may come from the following: (1) Timing and location malfunction of specimen collection. Currently, there are four recommended assays, including virus isolation and culture, serum-specific antibody detection, virus antigen detection, and nucleic acid detection.
    keywords: acid; cases; cov-2; covid-19; detection; diagnosis; patients; pneumonia; sars; virus
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        item: #2686 of 5187
          id: cord-305091-tfn2pyc6
      author: Tripathi, Praveen Kumar
       title: Screening and evaluation of approved drugs as inhibitors of main protease of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-12-01
       words: 4032
      flesch: 44
     summary: We found that Teicoplanin is about 10–20 fold more potent in inhibiting protease activity than other drugs in use, such as lopinavir, hydroxychloroquine, chloroquine, azithromycin, atazanavir etc. We propose Teicoplanin as an effective drug against SARS CoV-2.
    keywords: 3cl; activity; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; drug; fig; fluorescence; protease; protein; sars; teicoplanin
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        item: #2687 of 5187
          id: cord-305093-og4k3fc7
      author: Konno, Yoriyuki
       title: SARS-CoV-2 ORF3b is a potent interferon antagonist whose activity is increased by a naturally occurring elongation variant
        date: 2020-09-04
       words: 3204
      flesch: 47
     summary: One prominent feature that distinguishes COVID-19 from SARS in terms 85 of immune responses is the poor induction of a type I interferon (IFN-I To test this hypothesis, we monitored 121 human IFNB1 promoter activity in the presence of ORF3b of SARS-CoV-2 122 (Wuhan-Hu-1) and SARS-CoV (Tor2) using a luciferase reporter assay.
    keywords: cells; cov; cov-2; figure; ifn; orf3b; sars
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        item: #2688 of 5187
          id: cord-305104-jk6ai1od
      author: Escribese, María M
       title: Cross‐sectional pilot study exploring the feasibility of a rapid SARS‐CoV‐2 immunization test in health and non‐healthcare workers
        date: 2020-08-05
       words: 1267
      flesch: 43
     summary: We aimed to generate an immune response map to SARS-CoV-2 in a very specific population of a Medical School were both healthcare workers and non-healthcare workers cohabit, and elucidate the main risk factors that can be associated with COVID-19 diagnosis in each population. A possible explanation for these results might be that healthcare workers were exposed to higher viral loads and during more time along the peak of the pandemic, while non-healthcare workers were confined at home.
    keywords: healthcare; sars; study; workers
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        item: #2689 of 5187
          id: cord-305130-vz72ldbo
      author: Keil, Shawn D.
       title: Inactivation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in plasma and platelet products using a riboflavin and ultraviolet light‐based photochemical treatment
        date: 2020-05-14
       words: 3462
      flesch: 43
     summary: Silver Spring, MD: OCOD, 2020 31 FDA: Guidance for industry -revised recommendations to reduce the risk of transfusion-transmitted malaria Trends in incidence and prevalence of major transfusion-transmissible viral infections in US blood donors Risk factors for retrovirus and hepatitis virus infections in accepted blood donors Development of a multisystem surveillance database for transfusion-transmitted infections among blood donors in the United States Use of convalescent plasma therapy in two covid-19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome in Korea Effectiveness of convalescent plasma therapy in severe COVID-19 patients Treatment of 5 critically ill patients with COVID-19 with convalescent plasma FDA: Recommendations for Investigational COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma. The Mirasol Pathogen Reduction Technology (PRT) System was created to provide an additional layer of safety to blood products by reducing the risk of transfusion transmission of both known and emerging pathogens.
    keywords: blood; coronavirus; plasma; platelet; products; riboflavin; sars; titre; virus
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        item: #2690 of 5187
          id: cord-305134-s7h6bpof
      author: Mackman, Nigel
       title: Coagulation Abnormalities and Thrombosis in Patients Infected With SARS-CoV-2 and Other Pandemic Viruses
        date: 2020-07-13
       words: 6427
      flesch: 35
     summary: Pulmonary thrombosis and microvascular thrombosis are observed in autopsy studies, and this may contribute to the severe hypoxia observed in COVID-19 patients. It is likely that multiple systems contribute to thrombosis in COVID-19 patients, such as activation of coagulation, platelet activation, hypofibrinolysis, endothelial cell dysfunction, inflammation, neutrophil extracellular traps, and complement.
    keywords: activation; acute; cells; coagulation; coronavirus; covid-19; infection; lung; patients; sars; study; syndrome; thrombosis
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        item: #2691 of 5187
          id: cord-305139-851v2qr3
      author: Peys, Elise
       title: Haemoptysis as the first presentation of COVID-19: a case report
        date: 2020-10-22
       words: 2558
      flesch: 49
     summary: Among COVID-19 patients, fever, cough and fatigue are the most commonly reported clinical symptoms. The role of bronchoscopy in COVID-19 patients during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations
    keywords: case; cov-2; covid-19; haemoptysis; patient; range; reference
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        item: #2692 of 5187
          id: cord-305223-go75cs6r
      author: Wang, Yafei
       title: Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Severe Pneumonia Caused by the SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan, China
        date: 2020-08-25
       words: 3225
      flesch: 48
     summary: Patients > 60 years of age and those in the age group 40-60 years had a significantly higher risk of developing severe pneumonia than those < 40 years of age. Respiration Diagnostic value of Ddimer in pulmonary embolism and pneumonia Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Change of T lymphocyte and its activated subsets in SARS patients.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; day; dimer; patients; pneumonia; sars; serum
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        item: #2693 of 5187
          id: cord-305234-nclk7bbo
      author: Do, Mytrang H.
       title: Strategies to prevent SARS-CoV-2 transmission during dermatologic head and neck surgery
        date: 2020-06-27
       words: 147
      flesch: 42
     summary: key: cord-305234-nclk7bbo authors: Do, Mytrang H.; Minkis, Kira; Petukhova, Tatyana A.; Lipner, Shari R. title: Strategies to prevent SARS-CoV-2 transmission during dermatologic head and neck surgery date: 2020-06-27 journal: J Am Acad Dermatol DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.06.983 sha: doc_id: 305234 cord_uid: nclk7bbo nan . Furthermore, the patient's mouth and nose are often exposed We hope that these suggestions provide the best possible protection for dermatologic efficiency particle air, RT-PCR, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, SARS-CoV-2, 81 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Head and neck surgery is a high-risk procedure for COVID-19 87 transmission and there is a need for a preventive strategy to protect professionals Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Different Types of Clinical 4.
    keywords: surgery
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        item: #2694 of 5187
          id: cord-305262-23qylbmg
      author: Rowan, Neil J.
       title: Unlocking the surge in demand for personal and protective equipment (PPE) and improvised face coverings arising from coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic – Implications for efficacy, re-use and sustainable waste management
        date: 2020-09-10
       words: 9985
      flesch: 31
     summary: Use of artificial intelligence and deep learning could help identify high-risk patients and suggest appropriate types and use of PPE Boṧkoski et al., (2020) Kampf et al. (2020) had also analysed 22 studies of different human coronaviruses where SARS, MERS, HCoV (but not including were efficiently inactivated by disinfection on variety of contact surface using 62 to 71% ethanol, 0.5% hydrogen peroxide, or 0.1% sodium hypocholorite within 1 min of exposure, but survived on untreated surfaces for up to 9 days.
    keywords: cov-2; coverings; covid-19; decontamination; disinfection; efficacy; equipment; et al; face; healthcare; heat; management; masks; n95; pandemic; potential; ppe; respirators; reuse; rowan; sars; use; waste
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        item: #2695 of 5187
          id: cord-305263-fgwf6wy3
      author: Wang, Ben X.
       title: The yin and yang of viruses and interferons
        date: 2012-02-07
       words: 6295
      flesch: 31
     summary: Remarkably, distinct highly pathogenic respiratory viruses, namely influenza viruses and the SARS-CoV, encode nonstructural proteins in their genomes that function as virulence factors that specifically target the host innate IFN response, further emphasizing the importance of IFNs as broad-spectrum antivirals. IFN therapy therefore has the advantage over DAA treatments in that, in addition to stimulating genes that block viral replication in infected cells, IFNs activate other innate and adaptive immune responses to combat the virus. Polymorphisms in genes encoding factors involved in different stages of the IFN response can lead to marked differences in susceptibility to virus infection and severity of disease, and can also serve as predictive markers for the outcome of IFN treatment.
    keywords: activation; cells; expression; hcv; ifn; ifns; infection; interferon; protein; response; sars; therapy; treatment; virus
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        item: #2696 of 5187
          id: cord-305266-fuaq4ujb
      author: Gong, Yue
       title: Early Research on COVID-19: A Bibliometric Analysis
        date: 2020-08-05
       words: 2134
      flesch: 16
     summary: Chin Research advances of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) Current status of research on coronavirus Cross-species transmission of the newly identified coronavirus 2019-nCoV Bioinformatics analysis of the 2019 novel coronavirus genome Analysis of myocardial injury in patients with COVID-19 and association between concomitant cardiovascular diseases and severity of COVID-19 Quantifying the association between domestic travel and the exportation of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) cases from Wuhan, China in 2020: a correlational analysis Escalating infection control response to the rapidly evolving epidemiology of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to SARS-CoV-2 in Hong Kong Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): The epidemic and the challenges Insights into the Recent 2019 Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) in Light of Past Human Coronavirus Outbreaks Genomic characterization of the 2019 novel human-pathogenic coronavirus isolated from a patient with atypical pneumonia after visiting Wuhan Genome Composition and Divergence of the Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Originating in China Emerging novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)-current scenario, evolutionary perspective based on genome analysis and recent developments Cross-species transmission of the newly identified coronavirus 2019-nCoV First respiratory transmitted food borne outbreak? Enteric involvement of coronaviruses: is faecal-oral transmission of SARS-CoV-2 possible? Advances on presymptomatic or asymptomatic carrier transmission of COVID-19. The Coronavirus Study Group 4 (CSG) of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses designated the causative 5 virus as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and the disease, 6 which subsequently spread globally, was named coronavirus disease of 2019 7 COVID-19, covering topics such as etiology, diagnosis, epidemiology, treatment, 24 prognosis, nursing, prevention and control, were available in the PubMed and China 25 national knowledge infrastructure (CNKI) databases.
    keywords: 2019; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; novel; sars
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        item: #2697 of 5187
          id: cord-305270-vos341i1
      author: Conte, Luana
       title: Targeting the gut–lung microbiota axis by means of a high-fibre diet and probiotics may have anti-inflammatory effects in COVID-19 infection
        date: 2020-06-29
       words: 2459
      flesch: 27
     summary: keywords: anti-inflammatory effects, COVID-19 infection, gut-lung microbiota aixs, high-fibre diet, probiotics, SARS-CoV-2 The fact that ACE2 mutants exhibit altered gut microbial composition, 16 and patients with respiratory infections, including COVID-19 infection, may generally have gut microbial alterations and dysfunction, has led some researchers to link COVID-19 to the gut microbiota. key: cord-305270-vos341i1 authors: Conte, Luana; Toraldo, Domenico Maurizio title: Targeting the gut–lung microbiota axis by means of a high-fibre diet and probiotics may have anti-inflammatory effects in COVID-19 infection date: 2020-06-29 journal: Ther Adv Respir Dis DOI: 10.1177/1753466620937170 sha: doc_id: 305270 cord_uid: vos341i1 Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 1 is a 2019 novel coronavirus, which only in the European area has led to more than 300,000 cases with at least 21,000 deaths.
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; disease; gut; lung; microbiota; patients; probiotics
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        item: #2698 of 5187
          id: cord-305274-mcsdem7y
      author: Beniac, Daniel R.
       title: Conformational Reorganization of the SARS Coronavirus Spike Following Receptor Binding: Implications for Membrane Fusion
        date: 2007-10-24
       words: 5481
      flesch: 46
     summary: Found at: doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0001082.s001 (7.24 MB MOV) Movie S2 Three-dimensional morphing of the SARS spike, and ACE2 bound structures. Viral membrane fusion proteins are responsible both for binding to cellular receptors, and the subsequent fusion of viral and cellular membranes.
    keywords: ace2; binding; cell; cov; cryo; fusion; membrane; receptor; sars; sars spike; spike; structure; virus
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        item: #2699 of 5187
          id: cord-305330-mklkugj5
      author: Moiseev, Sergey
       title: Cancer in intensive care unit patients with COVID-19
        date: 2020-05-28
       words: 490
      flesch: 42
     summary: We realize that our reassuring findings may be misleading, since we do not know the total number of cancer patients who contracted SARS-CoV-2 in Russia and cannot definitely conclude that malignancy did not worsen outcomes of COVID-19. However, our data suggest that other factors, such as older age and comorbidities, contribute significantly to the more severe course of SARS-CoV-2 infection in cancer patients.
    keywords: patients; sars
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        item: #2700 of 5187
          id: cord-305341-nokybn2a
      author: Zeng, Fanya
       title: Characterization of humoral responses in mice immunized with plasmid DNAs encoding SARS-CoV spike gene fragments
        date: 2004-03-19
       words: 3962
      flesch: 45
     summary: In order to investigate the antigenicity of S protein, especially the S1 subunit, S gene was segmented into S2, different S1 fragments (S Na=b=c , S La=b=c , S C , S 1-1 , and S 1-2 ), and recombinant S fragments (S R1 , S R2 , and S R3 ). These results provide insights into understanding the immunological characteristics of spike protein and the development of subunit vaccines against SARS-CoV. Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is an infectious viral disease caused by a newly emerged coronavirus (SARS-CoV) from China Guangdong with unknown origin [1] , with typical corona-like spikes on the surface of the virion [2] , formed by oligomers of the largest viral glycoprotein, namely the spike protein (S protein)
    keywords: antibody; coronavirus; cov; fragments; protein; sars; specific
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        item: #2701 of 5187
          id: cord-305422-t8azymo7
      author: Yi, Ye
       title: COVID-19: what has been learned and to be learned about the novel coronavirus disease
        date: 2020-03-15
       words: 8317
      flesch: 47
     summary: In SARS patients, it has been demonstrated that fever (99%-100%), dry cough (29%-75%), dyspnea (40%-42%), diarrhea (20-25%), and sore throat (13-25%) were the major symptoms and ventilation support was required for approximately 14%-20% of the patients [45] . Cardiac events were also the main reason for death in SARS patients [55, 65, 99] .
    keywords: acute; cases; china; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; human; infection; mers; novel; outbreak; patients; sars; study; syndrome; treatment
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        item: #2702 of 5187
          id: cord-305496-t8ykkekl
      author: Stone, E. Taylor
       title: Characterization of cells susceptible to SARS-COV-2 and methods for detection of neutralizing antibody by focus forming assay
        date: 2020-08-21
       words: 7239
      flesch: 49
     summary: This goal was guided by previous studies that 118 have suggested that the use of Vero cells from varying origins can impact viral titer These results suggest that these 275 gastric adenocarcinoma cell lines can support infection, replication and egress of SARS-CoV-2 as 276 well as, or in some cases better than, Vero cell lines.
    keywords: assay; cell; cov-2; figure; human; infection; lines; sars; vero; virus
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        item: #2703 of 5187
          id: cord-305511-gdpxvqkk
      author: Dave, Gaurav S.
       title: High affinity interaction of Solanum tuberosum and Brassica juncea residue smoke water compounds with proteins involved in coronavirus infection
        date: 2020-08-11
       words: 3237
      flesch: 27
     summary: Phytoconstituents that possess remarkable pharmacological activity were selected as reported from Solanum tuberosum and Brassica juncea residue smoke water (Dave et al., 2018) and Ligand library was prepared of potential molecules to be used for the docking study with human, SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 proteins as given in Table 1 (Sakai et al., 2014) , SARS-CoV-S in complex with ACE2 (PDB: 2AJF) (Li et al., 2005; Micholas & Jeremy, 2020) , PLpro (PDB: 3E9S) , SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro (PDB: 6LU7) , SARS-CoVRdRp (PDB: 6NUR) (Elfiky, 2020) , SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein structure (SARS-CoV-2-S) (PDB: 6VSB) (Grifoni et al., 2020) , binding complex of human ACE2 and RBD (PDB: 6VW1) (Qiu et al., 2020) , SARS-CoV-2-S (closed) (PDB: 6VXX) (Walls et al., 2020) , SARS-CoV-2-S with one S B (open) (PDB: 6VYB) (Walls et al., 2020) and Human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) (PDB: 1R42) (Jia et al., 2009) are selected for the present study as target proteins ( Figure 1 ). In view of the above, the present research evaluates the in silico interaction study of reported molecules from Solanum tuberosum and Brassica juncea residue smoke water (Dave et al., 2018) docked with TMPRSS2, PLpro, SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro, SARS-CoVRdRp, SARS-CoV-2-S and ACE2 to prevent/cure COVID-19.
    keywords: ace2; binding; cov-2; docking; human; infection; protein; sars; tmprss2
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        item: #2704 of 5187
          id: cord-305521-lkou3ycu
      author: Michel, W.
       title: A combined oro-nasopharyngeal swab is more sensitive than mouthwash in detecting SARS-CoV-2 by a high-throughput PCR assay
        date: 2020-09-27
       words: 1075
      flesch: 51
     summary: is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in (which was not certified by peer review) preprint for SARS-CoV-2 detection is the nasopharyngeal swab [7], but combined naso-52 oropharyngeal swabs can increase the sensivity of SARS-CoV-2 detection [4] . A meta-53 analysis of different SARS-CoV-2 studies showed the highest detection rates in Expected shortages of swabs led us to assess alternative diagnostic specimens.
    keywords: funder; medrxiv; preprint
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        item: #2705 of 5187
          id: cord-305534-936peb1n
      author: Johnson, Kemmian D.
       title: Pulmonary and Extra-Pulmonary Clinical Manifestations of COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-13
       words: 6730
      flesch: 34
     summary: The main reason for the development of these symptoms is the presence of severe pneumonia in COVID-19 patients. However, the pulmonary symptoms can vary in COVID-19 patients, possibly due to variation in severity of disease at the time of presentation.
    keywords: acute; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; injury; manifestations; patients; sars; study; syndrome
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        item: #2706 of 5187
          id: cord-305564-dj3vj4tk
      author: DeDiego, Marta L.
       title: PATHOGENICITY OF SEVERE ACUTE RESPIRATORY CORONAVIRUS DELETION MUTANTS IN hACE-2 TRANSGENIC MICE
        date: 2008-07-01
       words: 6081
      flesch: 39
     summary: The nucleoprotein is required for efficient coronavirus genome replication Construction of a SARS-CoV infectious cDNA clone and a replicon to study coronavirus RNA synthesis Open reading frame 8a of the human severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus not only promotes viral replication but also induces apoptosis Infectious bronchitis virus E protein is targeted to the Golgi complex and directs release of virus-like particles The cytoplasmic tail of infectious bronchitis virus E protein directs Golgi targeting The cytoplasmic tails of infectious bronchitis virus E and M proteins mediate their interaction Coronavirus particle assembly: primary structure requirements of the membrane protein The group-specific murine coronavirus genes are not essential, but their deletion, by reverse genetics, is attenuating in the natural host A severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus that lacks the E gene is attenuated in vitro and in vivo Regulation of IRF-3-dependent innate immunity by the papain-like protease domain of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Organ distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in SARS patients: implications for pathogenesis and virus transmission pathways Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Regulation of the interferon system: evidence that Vero cells have a genetic defect in interferon production Vaccines to prevent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-induced disease Encyclopedia of Virology, Third Edition Analysis of constructed E gene mutants of mouse hepatitis virus confirms a pivotal role for E protein in coronavirus assembly Aetiology: Koch's postulates fulfilled for SARS virus A previously undescribed coronavirus associated with respiratory disease in humans Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus ORF6 antagonizes STAT1 function by sequestering nuclear import factors on the rough endoplasmic reticulum/Golgi membrane Discovery of novel human and animal cells infected by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus by replication-specific multiplex reverse transcription-PCR Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus phylogeny: toward consensus Multiple organ infection and the pathogenesis of SARS Isolation and characterization of viruses related to the SARS coronavirus from animals in southern China Live, attenuated coronavirus vaccines through the directed deletion of group-specific genes provide protection against feline infectious peritonitis Susceptibility of different eukaryotic cell lines to SARS-coronavirus Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 7a accessory protein is a viral structural protein Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus accessory protein 6 is a virion-associated protein and is released from 6 proteinexpressing cells Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 3a protein is a viral structural protein Human coronavirus Interestingly, viruses lacking gene E are attenuated and do not grow in the central nervous system of hACE2 Tg mice, whereas virus lacking genes 6 to 9b, which is not significantly attenuated, grows in the brains of infected mice as well as wt virus.
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; cov; et al; genes; mice; protein; rsars; virus; viruses; δ[6
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        item: #2707 of 5187
          id: cord-305581-0bqxwh1o
      author: Hassan, Sk. Sarif
       title: Molecular phylogeny and missense mutations of envelope proteins across coronaviruses
        date: 2020-09-12
       words: 2001
      flesch: 50
     summary: E protein sequence of the proteins AIA62357, ASL68958, AHY61342, AUM60029 contain the mutation C44A. These missense mutation at the cysteine residue would affect virus growth, release, entry, protein transport, and stability It is hard to infer whether the mutations in E protein infect and sicken people deferentially due to COVID- 19 .
    keywords: cov2; envelope; mutations; protein; sars
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        item: #2708 of 5187
          id: cord-305582-3hmsknon
      author: Li, Lei
       title: Therapeutic strategies for critically ill patients with COVID-19
        date: 2020-04-20
       words: 6194
      flesch: 35
     summary: Available drug options that come from the clinical experience of treating SARS, MERS and other previous influenza virus have been used for the treatment of COVID-19 patients. Considering the high incidence of bacterial infection for critically ill patients with COVID-19, it is essential to test the kinetics of procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reaction protein (CRP) in COVID-19 patients for timely diagnosis and intervention of bacterial infection.
    keywords: 2019; acute; antiviral; coronavirus; covid-19; infection; influenza; ncov; patients; sars; syndrome; therapy; treatment; ventilation
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        item: #2709 of 5187
          id: cord-305587-xtqvtleb
      author: Ma, Cuiqing
       title: From SARS-CoV to SARS-CoV-2: safety and broad-spectrum are important for coronavirus vaccine development
        date: 2020-05-11
       words: 2321
      flesch: -37
     summary: The red frame is the location where the variable amino acid residues between SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 HR1. Importation and human-to-human 437 transmission of a novel coronavirus in Vietnam A novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) causing pneumonia-associated respiratory syndrome Nowcasting and forecasting the potential domestic and international spread of the 441 2019-nCoV outbreak originating in Wuhan, China: a modelling study Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia Transmission dynamics of 2019 novel coronavirus Novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV: early estimation of 447 epidemiological parameters and epidemic predictions Modelling the epidemic trend of the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in China Dynamically modeling SARS and other newly emerging respiratory 452 illnesses: past, present, and future Epidemiology and cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome 454 (SARS) in Guangdong, People's Republic of China Epidemiological determinants of spread of 456 causal agent of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 458 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study First case of 2019 novel coronavirus in the 460 United States Discovery of seven novel Mammalian and avian 462 coronaviruses in the genus deltacoronavirus supports bat coronaviruses as the gene source of alphacoronavirus 463 and betacoronavirus and avian coronaviruses as the gene source of gammacoronavirus and deltacoronavirus Epidemiology, genetic recombination, and pathogenesis of 466 coronaviruses Molecular evolution of human coronavirus genomes Origin and evolution of pathogenic coronaviruses The 2019-new coronavirus epidemic: 471 evidence for virus evolution Structural and functional basis of SARS-CoV-2 entry by using 482 human ACE2 Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 infections in 484 engineered human tissues using clinical-grade soluble human ACE2 SARS vaccine development Characterization of humoral responses in mice 488 immunized with plasmid DNAs encoding SARS-CoV spike gene fragments The spike protein of SARS-CoV -A target for vaccine and therapeutic 491 development Peptide nanoparticles as novel 493 immunogens: design and analysis of a prototypic Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Vaccine Development of subunit vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome The COVID-19 vaccine 498 development landscape Immunogenicity of SARS inactivated vaccine in 500 BALB/c mice A subcutaneously injected UV-inactivated 502 SARS coronavirus vaccine elicits systemic humoral immunity in mice Inactivated SARS-CoV vaccine prepared from whole virus induces a 504 high level of neutralizing antibodies in BALB/c mice Identification and characterization of novel neutralizing epitopes in the 506 receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV spike protein: revealing the critical antigenic determinants in inactivated 507 SARS-CoV vaccine Inactivated SARS-CoV vaccine elicits high titers of spike protein-specific antibodies 509 that block receptor binding and virus entry Immunization with SARS 511 coronavirus vaccines leads to pulmonary immunopathology on challenge with the SARS virus Glycan arrays lead to the discovery of autoimmunogenic activity of SARS-CoV Evaluation of antibody-dependent enhancement of SARS-CoV infection in 515 rhesus macaques immunized with an inactivated SARS-CoV vaccine Rationalizing the development of live attenuated virus vaccines Engineering attenuated virus vaccines by controlling replication fidelity Severe acute respiratory syndrome 521 coronavirus spike protein expressed by attenuated vaccinia virus protectively immunizes mice Adenoviral expression of a truncated S1 Intranasal vaccination of recombinant adeno-associated virus 533 encoding receptor-binding domain of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) spike protein induces 534 strong mucosal immune responses and provides long-term protection against SARS-CoV infection Immunization with modified vaccinia virus 537 Ankara-based recombinant vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome is associated with enhanced hepatitis in 538 ferrets A live, impaired-fidelity coronavirus vaccine 540 protects in an aged, immunocompromised mouse model of lethal disease Evaluation of a recombination-resistant coronavirus as a 542 broadly applicable, rapidly implementable vaccine platform Safety and immunogenicity from a Phase I trial of inactivated severe acute 544 respiratory syndrome coronavirus vaccine A SARS DNA vaccine induces 546 neutralizing antibody and cellular immune responses in healthy adults in a Phase I clinical trial Structure, function, and evolution of coronavirus spike proteins A pan-coronavirus fusion inhibitor targeting the HR1 550 domain of human coronavirus spike Bat-to-human: spike features determining 'host jump'of coronaviruses SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, 552 and beyond MERS-CoV spike protein: Targets for vaccines and therapeutics Receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV spike protein induces highly 556 potent neutralizing antibodies: implication for developing subunit vaccine Fusion mechanism of 2019-nCoV and fusion inhibitors targeting HR1 559 domain in spike protein Functional analysis of an epitope in the S2 subunit of the murine coronavirus spike protein: 69 Cross-host evolution of severe acute respiratory 571 syndrome coronavirus in palm civet and human Identification of two critical amino acid residues of the 573 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein for its variation in zoonotic tropism transition via a double 574 substitution strategy Structural analysis of major species barriers between humans and palm civets for severe acute respiratory 576 syndrome coronavirus infections Receptor recognition and cross-species infections of SARS coronavirus Mechanisms of host receptor adaptation by severe acute respiratory 579 syndrome coronavirus A 193-amino acid fragment of the SARS coronavirus S protein 581 efficiently binds angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 A single amino acid substitution (R441A) in the receptor-binding domain of SARS coronavirus 583 spike protein disrupts the antigenic structure and binding activity Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 (previously 2019-nCoV) infection by a 585 highly potent pan-coronavirus fusion inhibitor targeting its spike protein that harbors a high capacity to mediate 586 membrane fusion Antibodies against trimeric S glycoprotein 588 protect hamsters against SARS-CoV challenge despite their capacity to mediate FcγRII-dependent entry into B cells in 589 vitro A 219-mer CHO-expressing receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV S 591 protein induces potent immune responses and protective immunity Recombinant receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV spike 593 protein expressed in mammalian, insect and E. coli cells elicits potent neutralizing antibody and protective immunity Antigenic and immunogenic characterization of recombinant 596 baculovirus-expressed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein: implication for vaccine design Anti-severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 599 spike antibodies trigger infection of human immune cells via a pH-and cysteine protease-Independent FcγR pathway Antibody-dependent SARS coronavirus infection is 602 mediated by antibodies against spike proteins SARS CoV subunit vaccine: antibody-mediated 604 neutralisation and enhancement Anti-spike IgG causes severe acute lung injury by skewing 606 macrophage responses during acute SARS-CoV infection The role of CD4 and CD8 T cells in MHV-JHM-induced demyelination Immunodominant SARS coronavirus epitopes in humans 610 elicited both enhancing and neutralizing effects on infection in non-human primates Recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara expressing the spike glycoprotein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus induces protective neutralizing antibodies 613 primarily targeting the receptor binding region Identification of a critical neutralization determinant of severe acute 615 respiratory syndrome (SARS)-associated coronavirus: importance for designing SARS vaccines Identification of murine CD8 T cell epitopes in 617 codon-optimized SARS-associated coronavirus spike protein Antigenicity and immunogenicity of SARS-CoV S protein 619 receptor-binding domain stably expressed in CHO cells Receptor-binding domain of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 621 spike protein contains multiple conformation-dependent epitopes that induce highly potent neutralizing antibodies. The 622 MERS-CoV spike protein: a key target for antivirals Advances in MERS-CoV vaccines and therapeutics based on the 626 receptor-binding domain Receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV spike protein induces 628 long-term protective immunity in an animal model Priming with rAAV encoding RBD of SARS-CoV S protein and 630 boosting with RBD-specific peptides for T cell epitopes elevated humoral and cellular immune responses against 631 SARS-CoV infection Searching for an ideal vaccine candidate among different 633 MERS coronavirus receptor-binding fragments-the importance of immunofocusing in subunit vaccine design Cross-neutralization of human and palm civet severe acute 636 respiratory syndrome coronaviruses by antibodies targeting the receptor-binding domain of spike protein Potent binding of 2019 novel coronavirus spike protein by a SARS 639 coronavirus-specific human monoclonal antibody SARS-CoV fusion peptides induce membrane surface 641 ordering and curvature Expression and characterization of recombinant S2 subunit of SARS-coronavirus S 643 fusion protein Evaluation of candidate vaccine approaches for 645 MERS-CoV A novel neutralizing monoclonal antibody targeting the 647 N-terminal domain of the MERS-CoV spike protein Human monoclonal antibodies against highly conserved 649 HR1 and HR2 domains of the SARS-CoV spike protein are more broadly neutralizing Elicitation of immunity in mice after immunization with the S2 651 subunit of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Quantitative comparison of the efficiency of antibodies 653 against S1 and S2 subunit of SARS coronavirus spike protein in virus neutralization and blocking of receptor binding: 108 Specific asparagine-linked glycosylation sites are critical for DC-SIGN-and 661 L-SIGN-mediated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus entry Current advancements and potential strategies in the development of MERS-CoV vaccines Identification of an ideal adjuvant for 665 receptor-binding domain-based subunit vaccines against Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Virus detectives seek source of SARS in China's wild animals Isolation and characterization of viruses related to the SARS 669 coronavirus from animals in southern China Bats are natural reservoirs of SARS-like coronaviruses Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-like virus 673 in Chinese horseshoe bats Alveolar surfactant homeostasis and the pathogenesis of pulmonary disease cGAS produces a 2'-5'-linked cyclic dinucleotide 677 second messenger that activates STING Cyclic GMP-AMP is an endogenous second messenger in innate 679 immune signaling by cytosolic DNA Pivotal roles of cGAS-cGAMP signaling in antiviral defense and 681 immune adjuvant effects Pulmonary surfactant-biomimetic nanoparticles potentiate 683 heterosubtypic influenza immunity Prospects for a dengue virus vaccine Don't rush to deploy COVID-19 vaccines and drugs without sufficient safety guarantees
    keywords: coronavirus; cov; protein; sars; spike; syndrome; vaccine
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        item: #2710 of 5187
          id: cord-305589-ofpna4k1
      author: Schubert, Katharina
       title: SARS-CoV-2 Nsp1 binds ribosomal mRNA channel to inhibit translation
        date: 2020-07-07
       words: 4099
      flesch: 45
     summary: The 5.9 Å and 4.3 Å maps of the Nsp1-43S PIC shown in Extended Data Fig. 1 and 3 The high-resolution cryo-EM maps of the complete 40S-Nsp1 complex, the 40S body and the Viral and Cellular mRNA Translation in Coronavirus-Infected Cells Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus nsp1 protein suppresses host gene expression by promoting host mRNA degradation The Architecture of SARS-CoV-2 Transcriptome The species Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus: classifying 2019-nCoV and naming it SARS-CoV-2 Human Coronaviruses: A Review of Virus-Host Interactions Identification and Characterization of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Replicase Proteins Mechanisms and enzymes involved in SARS coronavirus genome expression A two-pronged strategy to suppress host protein synthesis by SARS coronavirus Nsp1 protein SARS coronavirus nsp1 protein induces template-dependent endonucleolytic cleavage of mRNAs: Viral mRNAs are resistant to nsp1-induced RNA cleavage Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Protein nsp1 Is a Novel Eukaryotic Translation Inhibitor That Represses Multiple Steps of Translation Initiation Novel β-Barrel Fold in the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Structure of the Replicase Nonstructural Protein 1 from the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus nsp1 Suppresses Host Gene Expression, Including That of Type I Interferon, in Infected Cells Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Evades Antiviral Signaling: Role of nsp1 and Rational Design of an Attenuated Strain Coronavirus non-structural protein 1 is a major pathogenicity factor: Implications for the rational design of coronavirus vaccines Human NMD ensues independently of stable ribosome stalling Genomic variance of the 2019-nCoV coronavirus Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus nsp1 Inhibits Host Gene Expression by Selectively Targeting mRNAs Transcribed in the Nucleus while Sparing mRNAs of Cytoplasmic Origin Structural and Functional Insights into Human Re-initiation Complexes MotionCor2: Anisotropic correction of beam-induced motion for improved cryo-electron microscopy Gctf: Real-time CTF determination and correction New tools for automated high-resolution cryo-EM structure determination in RELION-3 Prevention of overfitting in cryo-EM structure determination Algorithms for rapid unsupervised cryo-EM structure determination Integrated Tools for Structural and Sequence Alignment and Analysis Characterisation of molecular motions in cryo-EM single-particle data by multi-body refinement in RELION Features and development of Coot Macromolecular structure determination using X-rays, neutrons and electrons: Recent developments in Phenix MolProbity: All-atom structure validation for macromolecular crystallography Structural Insights into the Mammalian Late-Stage Initiation Complexes The Phyre2 web portal for protein modeling, prediction and analysis Conformational Differences between Open and Closed States of the Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Complex Structure and interactions of the translation initiation factor eIF1 Deciphering key features in protein structures with the new ENDscript server Our structural data suggest that SARS-CoV-2 Nsp1 inhibits translation by sterically occluding the entrance region of the mRNA channel and interfering with binding of cellular mRNAs (Fig. 4a,b) .
    keywords: 40s; data; fig; mrna; nsp1; protein; ribosomal; sars; terminal; translation
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        item: #2711 of 5187
          id: cord-305591-ir3wz6nr
      author: Ji, Danyang
       title: Discovery of G-quadruplex-forming sequences in SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-06-01
       words: 5146
      flesch: 51
     summary: This analysis revealed the presence of 25 four contiguous GG runs (G 2 N x G 2 N y G 2 N z G 2 ) in the genome of SARS-CoV-2. G-quadruplexes are formed by nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) containing the sequences G (≥2)
    keywords: cov-2; genome; helicase; nsp13; pqs; pqss; protein; quadruplex; rna; sars; structures
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        item: #2712 of 5187
          id: cord-305610-v1hn934x
      author: Kerslake, Rachel
       title: Co-expression of peripheral olfactory receptors with SARS-CoV-2 infection mediators: Potential implications beyond loss of smell as a COVID-19 symptom
        date: 2020-06-17
       words: 3007
      flesch: 30
     summary: The missense of smell: Functional variability in the human odorant receptor repertoire Human olfactory receptors: Novel cellular functions outside of the nose Taste and smell GPcRs in the lung: Evidence for a previously unrecognized widespread chemosensory system Activation of an olfactory receptor inhibits proliferation of prostate cancer cells and cancer: a comprehensive review SARS-coV-2 cell entry depends on AcE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor Structure, function, and antigenicity of the SARS-coV-2 spike glycoprotein COVID-19 pathophysiology: A review Non-neuronal expression of SARS-coV-2 entry genes in the olfactory system suggests mechanisms underlying cOVId-19-associated anosmia Genetic alteration, RNA expression, and dNA methylation profiling of coronavirus disease 2019 (cOVId-19) receptor AcE2 in malignancies: A pan-cancer analysis Pan-cancer analysis of transmembrane protease serine 2 and cathepsin L that mediate cellular SARS-coV-2 infection leading to cOVId-19 Sudden and complete olfactory loss function as a possible symptom of cOVId-19 Expression of the SARS-coV-2 entry proteins, AcE2 and TMPRSS2, in cells of the olfactory epithelium: identification of cell types and trends with age The need for urogenital tract monitoring in COVID-19 Expression profile of immune response genes in patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome SARS-coV regulates immune function-related gene expression in human monocytic cells Lung epithelial cells have virus-specific and shared gene expression responses to infection by diverse respiratory viruses DNA methylation: An alternative pathway to cancer Identification of a prostate-specific G-protein coupled receptor in prostate cancer A testosterone metabolite 19-hydroxyandrostenedione induces neuroendocrine trans-differentiation of prostate cancer cells via an ectopic olfactory receptor Androgen sensitivity gateway to cOVId-19 disease severity TMPRSS2 and cOVId-19:
    keywords: cancer; covid-19; data; expression; ors; prostate; sars; tissues
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        item: #2713 of 5187
          id: cord-305616-2obemy16
      author: Montes, Maria Teresa
       title: Neonatal nursing in the COVID-19 pandemic: can we improve the future?
        date: 2020-07-10
       words: 3521
      flesch: 37
     summary: This situation has had a significant emotional cost on nurses which has contributed to increasing their moral distress, when they have been unable to act according to their personal and professional values concerning family care because of limitations beyond their control. This column will highlight the changes that have occurred in neonatal units, and their impact on neonatal care and families.
    keywords: care; covid-19; family; neonatal; pandemic; parents
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        item: #2714 of 5187
          id: cord-305632-xbji6g5x
      author: Uccelli, Matteo
       title: COVID-19 and Obesity: Is Bariatric Surgery Protective? Retrospective Analysis on 2145 Patients Undergone Bariatric-Metabolic Surgery from High Volume Center in Italy (Lombardy)
        date: 2020-10-31
       words: 2897
      flesch: 44
     summary: A total of 231 (10.8%) patients were prescribed home isolation following the development of symptoms or contact with COVID-19 patients (fiduciary home quarantine). [19] [20] ; to avoid possible compilation errors by patients, we preferred to omit the symptoms related to loss of taste and smell, as bariatric patients often present these symptoms immediately and long after bariatric surgery
    keywords: covid-19; disease; italy; obesity; patients; sars; surgery
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        item: #2715 of 5187
          id: cord-305640-tgowzrqo
      author: Li, Yong-Hua
       title: Detection of the nucleocapsid protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in serum: Comparison with results of other viral markers
        date: 2005-07-15
       words: 3692
      flesch: 48
     summary: Second lab accident fuels fears about SARS Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Early diagnosis of SARS coronavirus infection by real time RT-PCR Ontario Laboratory Working Group for the Rapid Diagnosis of Emerging Infections Case Definitions for Surveillance of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) (revised 1 Summary of probable SARS cases with onset of illness from 1 Serologic and molecular biologic methods for SARS-associated coronavirus infection Detection of infectious bronchitis virus antigen from experimentally infected chickens by indirect immunofluorescent assay with monoclonal antibody Clinical evaluation of real-time PCR assays for rapid diagnosis of SARS coronavirus during outbreak and post-epidemic periods Evaluation of reverse transcription-PCR assays for rapid diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome associated with a novel coronavirus pH-dependent entry of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus is mediated by the spike glycoprotein and enhanced by dendritic cell transfer through DC-SIGN This study was supported by the grants from National Major Projects of National Committee of Science and Technology of China (2502AA2Z3342). key: cord-305640-tgowzrqo authors: Li, Yong-Hua; Li, Jie; Liu, Xue-En; Wang, Ling; Li, Tong; Zhou, Yi-Hua; Zhuang, Hui title: Detection of the nucleocapsid protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in serum: Comparison with results of other viral markers date: 2005-07-15 journal: J Virol Methods DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2005.06.001 sha: doc_id: 305640 cord_uid: tgowzrqo A capture enzyme-enhanced chemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) based on three specific monoclonal antibodies to detect the nucleocapsid (N) protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in the serial serum samples from SARS patients was developed.
    keywords: cov; patients; protein; rna; sars
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        item: #2716 of 5187
          id: cord-305703-ypeibwje
      author: Veronese, Nicola
       title: Use of Corticosteroids in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pneumonia: A Systematic Review of the Literature
        date: 2020-04-24
       words: 2884
      flesch: 30
     summary: Therefore, the clinical, therapeutic, and side effects of systemic glucocorticoid therapy in COVID-19 patients are currently unclear. When considering patients with SARS and MERS, the use of corticosteroids therapy is still debated (20, 21) .
    keywords: ards; corticosteroids; covid-19; patients; review; studies; use
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        item: #2717 of 5187
          id: cord-305704-grzrkff9
      author: Almutairi, Abdulelah
       title: Dermatological Manifestations in Patients With SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review
        date: 2020-07-28
       words: 2292
      flesch: 44
     summary: This systematic review was carried out through searching electronic databases to include eligible studies in four databases, including MEDLINE®, PubMed®, Ovid, and Embase®. Lastly, the required data sets were collected from the final record of eligible studies and summarized.
    keywords: cov-2; patients; sars; studies
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        item: #2718 of 5187
          id: cord-305742-wf6qxplf
      author: Gomez, Santiago A.
       title: Binding of SARS–CoV–2 to cell receptors: a tale of molecular evolution
        date: 2020-09-28
       words: 3460
      flesch: 48
     summary: Accordingly, aiming at understanding the fundamental forces driving the attachment of RBD(S) to host cells, virus· · · cell bonding interactions were dissected following these steps: 1. cell bonding interactions than reoptimizing the isolated pairs), and (a) Computed accurate interaction energies using highly correlated domain based local pair-natural orbital coupled-cluster (DLPNO-CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pVDZ) single point energy calculations [41, 42] on the dimers and in the monomers.
    keywords: binding; cell; hydrogen; interactions; rbd(s; receptor; residue; sars; virus
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        item: #2719 of 5187
          id: cord-305745-9lngdjow
      author: Solnier, Julia
       title: Flavonoids: A complementary approach to conventional therapy of COVID-19?
        date: 2020-09-18
       words: 9550
      flesch: 32
     summary: In docking studies, Jo et al. showed that the additional 8-hydroxyl group of herbacetin seems to be crucial for its high binding affinity to the polar S1 site and the hydrophobic S2 site of SARS-CoV 3CLpro In a following docking study, Jo et al. showed that a rhamnose substitution instead of glucose (in quercetin 3-b-glucoside), results in a stronger binding with MERS-CoV 3CLpro (Jo et al. 2019) .
    keywords: activity; antiviral; compounds; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; et al; flavonoids; inhibition; inhibitors; mers; plpro; proteases; quercetin; sars; studies; table
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        item: #2720 of 5187
          id: cord-305755-6jup93v4
      author: Gouveia, Duarte
       title: Proteotyping SARS-CoV-2 Virus from Nasopharyngeal Swabs: A Proof-of-Concept Focused on a 3 Min Mass Spectrometry Window
        date: 2020-07-22
       words: 6718
      flesch: 45
     summary: By using a short LC gradient focusing on the region of interest identified in our previous study, we tested the detection of the virus in samples containing different quantities of viral peptides, as well as COVID-19 clinical samples, paving the way for the development of time-efficient viral diagnostic tests based on an alternative platform. This was repeated several times to obtain a one-third dilution cascade of viral peptides.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; detection; mass; min; peptides; proteins; samples; sars; spectrometry; swabs; virus
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        item: #2721 of 5187
          id: cord-305763-160heazx
      author: Lai, Chih-Cheng
       title: Population-based seroprevalence surveys of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody: An up-to-date review
        date: 2020-10-09
       words: 4262
      flesch: 38
     summary: In Denmark, a total of 20,640 blood donations were given by 17-69-year-old donors from April 6 to May 3, 2020, which were then subjected to a plasma or whole blood lateral flow test according to the manufacturer's recommendations (IgM/IgG Antibody to SARS-CoV-2 lateral flow test; Livzon Diagnostics Inc., Zhuhai, Guangdong, China) (Erikstrup et al et al., 2020) . The overall unadjusted seroprevalence was 2.0% (95% CI, 1.8-2.2), and after adjusting for assay sensitivity and specificity (including their CI), the overall seroprevalence was 1.9% (95% CI, 0.8-2.3) (Erikstrup et al et al., 2020) .
    keywords: antibodies; cov-2; covid-19; et al; igg; sars; seroprevalence; study
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        item: #2722 of 5187
          id: cord-305770-xygg4lxu
      author: Busetto, Gian Maria
       title: SARS-CoV-2 Infection and High-Risk Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: Are There Any Common Features?
        date: 2020-06-09
       words: 6974
      flesch: 36
     summary: COVID-19 patients' clinical characteristics, discharge rate, and fatality rate of meta-analysis Coronavirus infections and immune responses Dysregulation of immune response in patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China Risk factors associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome and death in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia in Wuhan, China EAU Guidelines on Non-Muscle-invasive Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder: Update Circulating Tumor Cells Identify Patients with Super-High-Risk Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: Updated Outcome Analysis of a Prospective Single-Center Trial Prognostic role of pretreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC): A systematic review and metaanalysis Cancer-related inflammation and treatment effectiveness Evaluation of the prognostic value of LMR, PLR, NLR, and dNLR in urothelial bladder cancer patients treated with radical cystectomy The clinical use of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in bladder cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis Type 2 diabetes mellitus predicts worse outcomes in patients with high-grade T1 bladder cancer receiving bacillus Calmette-Guérin after transurethral resection of the bladder tumor Aging, inflammation and cancer Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China Clinical characteristics of 140 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan Case-fatality rate and characteristics of patients dying in relation to COVID-19 in Italy Urothelial tumors of the bladder Aging and the immune system: an overview The Biology of Aging and Cancer: Frailty, Inflammation, and Immunity Cellular senescence: when bad things happen to good cells Reversal of human cellular senescence: roles of the p53 and p16 pathways Aging, cellular senescence, and cancer Senescent human fibroblasts increase the early growth of xenograft tumors via matrix metalloproteinase secretion Epithelial-mesenchymal transition induced by senescent fibroblasts. Furthermore, the risk of severe events has been reported as higher for cancer patients and even higher for patients undergoing treatments like chemotherapy [65] .
    keywords: analysis; bladder; cancer; covid-19; disease; il-6; inflammation; patients; progression; response; risk; sars; system; tumor
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        item: #2723 of 5187
          id: cord-305788-z75yv88e
      author: Agergaard, Charlotte Nielsen
       title: Challenging diagnostics in familial transmission from asymptomatic COVID-19 carrier. Should we group SARS-CoV-2 samples from households?
        date: 2020-09-28
       words: 733
      flesch: 50
     summary: A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster A pandemic in times of global tourism: super spreading and exportation of COVID-19 cases from a ski area in Austria Serologic responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection among hospital staff with mild disease in eastern France Immunity after SARS-CoV-2 infection, 1st update -a rapid review 2020 SSI. key: cord-305788-z75yv88e authors: Agergaard, Charlotte Nielsen; Lis-Tønder, Joanna; Olsen, Dorte Aalund; Kierkegaard, Helene; Møller, Jens Kjølseth title: Challenging diagnostics in familial transmission from asymptomatic COVID-19 carrier.
    keywords: covid-19; family; sars
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        item: #2724 of 5187
          id: cord-305798-7b8rua4z
      author: Rivas-García, S
       title: Rhabdomyolysis as the main manifestation of coronavirus disease 2019
        date: 2020-06-25
       words: 1135
      flesch: 48
     summary: Throughout his hospital admission he displayed no signs of fever or respiratory symptoms. COVID-19 commonly presents with respiratory symptoms ranging from mild to fatal.
    keywords: coronavirus; muscle; rhabdomyolysis
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        item: #2725 of 5187
          id: cord-305816-06lddk87
      author: Musarrat, Farhana
       title: The anti‐HIV drug nelfinavir mesylate (Viracept) is a potent inhibitor of cell fusion caused by the SARSCoV‐2 spike (S) glycoprotein warranting further evaluation as an antiviral against COVID‐19 infections
        date: 2020-05-17
       words: 3245
      flesch: 42
     summary: We report herein that the SARS CoV-2 S (Sn) causes extreme S-mediated membrane fusion in comparison to cell fusion caused by transient expression of SARS S (So). Herein, we show that the transient expression of the SARS CoV‐2 S glycoprotein in Vero cells caused extensive cell fusion (formation of syncytia) in comparison to limited cell fusion caused by the SARS S glycoprotein.
    keywords: cell; coronavirus; fusion; nelfinavir; sars; spike
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        item: #2726 of 5187
          id: cord-305856-xt3zxajf
      author: Shanmugam, Chandrakumar
       title: COVID-2019 – A comprehensive pathology insight
        date: 2020-09-18
       words: 4607
      flesch: 32
     summary: The earliest case of SARS CoV-2 infection currently known was reported on 31st December 2019 in Wuhan, Hubei province of China. Furthermore, SARS CoV-2 infection in pregnant women raised a possibility of vertical transmission.
    keywords: cases; china; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; infection; novel; pathology; patients; pneumonia; sars; syndrome; transmission
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        item: #2727 of 5187
          id: cord-305858-gp1u4kh7
      author: Song, Xiang
       title: High expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) on tissue macrophages that may be targeted by virus SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 patients
        date: 2020-07-19
       words: 4909
      flesch: 42
     summary: The data suggests that SARS-CoV-2 virus may not directly attack blood immune cells lacking the ACE2 expression. To better understand the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and build up the host anti-viral immunity, we examined the levels of ACE2 expression on different types of immune cells including tissue macrophages.
    keywords: ace2; blood; cells; cov-2; covid-19; expression; figure; human; macrophages; sars; tissue; usa
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        item: #2728 of 5187
          id: cord-305931-0pgu2gvh
      author: Janus, Scott E
       title: COVID19: a case report of thrombus in transit
        date: 2020-06-17
       words: 1435
      flesch: 37
     summary: On hospital day 1, an infectious disease consultant recommended SARS-CoV-2 nasal swab PCR testing. Azithromycin and ceftriaxone were discontinued, and he was managed with an albuterol metered dose inhaler 2.5 mg every 6 h. On hospital day 3, a persistent sinus tachycardia (110 b.p.m.)
    keywords: case; cov-2; hypoxia; sars
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        item: #2729 of 5187
          id: cord-305956-l02xdq87
      author: Alqahtani, Saleh A
       title: Liver injury in COVID-19: The current evidence
        date: 2020-05-26
       words: 3066
      flesch: 36
     summary: A retrospective study Liver impairment in COVID-19 patients: A retrospective analysis of 115 cases from a single center in Wuhan city, China. Cautious use of antiviral agents in patients with decompensated liver disease and drug-drug interactions in post liver transplant patients has to be considered.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; injury; liver; patients; sars
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        item: #2730 of 5187
          id: cord-305959-x061q8t7
      author: Davoudi-Monfared, Effat
       title: A Randomized Clinical Trial of the Efficacy and Safety of Interferon β-1a in Treatment of Severe COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-20
       words: 4746
      flesch: 46
     summary: In this randomized clinical trial, the efficacy and safety of IFN ␤-1a were evaluated in patients with severe COVID-19. The present study was the first randomized, open-label, controlled trial that assessed the efficacy and safety of IFN ␤-1a in the treatment of patients diagnosed with severe COVID-19.
    keywords: clinical; control; covid-19; group; ifn; interferon; mortality; patients; study; treatment
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        item: #2731 of 5187
          id: cord-306017-4wf4yhyz
      author: d'Aloja, Ernesto
       title: COVID-19 and medical liability: Italy denies the shield to its heroes
        date: 2020-07-24
       words: 1004
      flesch: 39
     summary: EdA wrote the manuscript in consultation with MN, PEN, GF and MF Scheda nazionale infortuni COVID-19: I dati sulle denunce da COVID-19 (monitoraggio al 15 giugno 2020) Elenco dei Medici caduti nel corso dell'epidemia di Safety recommendations and medical liability in ocular surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic: an unsolved dilemma COVID-19: the wrong target for healthcare liability claims COVID-19 situation update for the EU/EEA and the UK, as of 5 The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. On the other hand, the statistics of the 'Federazione Nazionale degli Ordini dei Medici Chirurghi e degli Odontoiatri (FNOMCeO)', the national federation of Italian medical doctors and dentists, counted higher figures (171 deaths among those registered at 27.06.2020), regardless of whether or not a complaint was filed with INAIL [2] .
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; pandemic; sars
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        item: #2732 of 5187
          id: cord-306034-1u29o2id
      author: Cazzolla, Angela P.
       title: Taste and Smell Disorders in COVID-19 Patients: Role of Interleukin-6
        date: 2020-08-04
       words: 4019
      flesch: 36
     summary: In addition, recent studies have shown that taste cells produce, in response to inflammatory stimuli, high levels of various molecules associated with internal defense responses, including multiple inflammatory cytokines. In the present study, chemosensitive dysfunctions are more frequent in males (67.2%) and the prevalence of olfactory dysfunction is higher than that of taste dysfunction (65.7% vs 25.4%).
    keywords: cells; covid-19; delta; disorders; il-6; levels; olfactory; patients; smell; taste
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        item: #2733 of 5187
          id: cord-306085-gnrnsxej
      author: Hassan, Sk. Sarif
       title: SARS-CoV2 envelope protein: Non-synonymous mutations and its consequences
        date: 2020-07-05
       words: 964
      flesch: 51
     summary: J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f Journal Pre-proof Emerging sars-cov-2 mutation hot spots include a novel rna-dependent-rna polymerase variant Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus accessory protein 9b is a virion-associated protein Missense mutations in sars-cov2 genomes from indian patients Molecular conservation and differential mutation on orf3a gene in indian sars-cov2 genomes The divergence between sars-cov-2 and ratg13 might be overestimated due to the extensive rna modification Pathogenicity of severe acute respiratory coronavirus deletion mutants in hace-2 transgenic mice Coronavirus envelope protein: current knowledge The coronavirus nucleocapsid is a multifunctional The sars coronavirus e protein interacts with pals1 and alters tight junction formation and epithelial morphogenesis Emerging themes in pdz domain signaling: structure, function, and inhibition Pdzbase: a protein-protein interaction database for pdz-domains The sars coronavirus e protein interacts with pals1 and alters 5 tight junction formation and epithelial morphogenesis 6 The embl-ebi search and sequence analysis tools apis in 2019 Understanding the nature of variations in structural sequences coding for coronavirus spike, envelope, membrane and nucleocapsid proteins of sars-cov-2, Envelope, Membrane and Nucleocapsid Proteins of SARS-CoV-2 Genetic lesions within the 3a gene of sars-cov Structure, expression, and intracellular localization of the sars-cov accessory proteins 7a and 7b Coronavirus virulence genes with main focus on sars-cov envelope gene The authors do not have any conflicts of interest to declare. The (C)-terminal domain of envelope protein in SARS-CoV2 binds to human PALS1, a tight junction-associated protein, which is essential for the establishment and maintenance of epithelial polarity in mammals [9, 10] .
    keywords: cov2; protein; sars
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        item: #2734 of 5187
          id: cord-306108-ja0wyr5w
      author: B K, Anupama
       title: A Review of Acute Myocardial Injury in Coronavirus Disease 2019
        date: 2020-06-03
       words: 4760
      flesch: 28
     summary: In general, as the presence of CVD and myocardial injury in COVID-19 patients has been associated with more severe outcomes and increased mortality, triaging patients with COVID-19 according to the presence of underlying CVD and evidence of myocardial injury for prioritized treatment strategies may be reasonable [25] . Among various cardiac complications, acute cardiac injury with elevated cardiac biomarkers has been described in early studies from China on hospitalized patients with COVID-19.
    keywords: acute; cardiac; covid-19; disease; injury; myocarditis; patients; sars; troponin
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        item: #2735 of 5187
          id: cord-306177-5wefp31y
      author: Iheagwam, Franklyn Nonso
       title: Computer-Aided Analysis of Multiple SARS-CoV-2 Therapeutic Targets: Identification of Potent Molecules from African Medicinal Plants
        date: 2020-09-12
       words: 4840
      flesch: 37
     summary: (Supplementary Materials) COVID-19 infection: origin, transmission, and characteristics of human coronaviruses e epidemiology and pathogenesis of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak COVID-19 outbreak: migration, effects on society, global environment and prevention COVID-19: from bench to bed side Novel coronavirus: from discovery to clinical diagnostics World Health Organisation, Naming the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) and the Virus that Causes it 2020, World Health Organisation Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China World Health Organisation, Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Situation Report-140, World Health Organisation Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): the epidemic and the challenges Learning from the past: possible urgent prevention and treatment options for severe acute respiratory infections caused by 2019-nCoV Drug treatment options for the 2019-new coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro COVID-19 pandemic: a pragmatic plan for ayurveda intervention Traditional Chinese medicine for COVID-19 treatment In silico tools to study molecular targets of neglected diseases: inhibition of TcSir2rp3, an epigenetic enzyme of Trypanosoma cruzi Computational screening for potential drug candidates against the SARS-CoV-2 main protease Drug repurposing for coronavirus (COVID-19): in silico screening of known drugs against coronavirus 3CL hydrolase and protease enzymes Potential inhibitors for novel coronavirus protease identified by virtual screening of 606 million compounds Rapid identification of potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 main protease by deep docking of 1.3 billion compounds Analysis of therapeutic targets for SARS-CoV-2 and discovery of potential drugs by computational methods Matrix metallopeptidase 9 as a host protein target of chloroquine and melatonin for immunoregulation in COVID-19: a network-based meta-analysis Large-scale ligand-based virtual screening for SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors using deep neural networks Identification of novel compounds against three targets of SARS CoV-2 coronavirus by combined virtual screening and supervised machine learning Artificial intelligence approach fighting COVID-19 with repurposing drugs Consensus virtual screening of dark chemical matter and Food chemicals uncover potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 main protease Virtual screening and repurposing of FDA approved drugs against COVID-19 main protease Fast identification of possible drug treatment of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) through computational drug repurposing study Marine natural compounds as potents inhibitors against the main protease of SARS-CoV-2 a molecular dynamic study Databases for facilitating mechanistic investigations of traditional Chinese medicines against COVID-19 Evaluation of traditional ayurvedic preparation for prevention and management of the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) using molecular docking approach Identification of new anti-nCoV drug chemical compounds from Indian spices exploiting SARS-CoV-2 main protease as target Open babel: an open chemical toolbox LigParGen web server: an automatic OPLS-AA parameter generator for organic ligands A semiempirical free energy force field with charge-based desolvation Automated docking using a Lamarckian genetic algorithm and an empirical binding free energy function Model optimization and in silico analysis of potential dipeptidyl peptidase iv antagonists from GC-MS identified compounds in Nauclea latifolia leaf extracts SWISS-MODEL: homology modelling of protein structures and complexes Verification of protein structures: patterns of nonbonded atomic interactions Assessment of protein models with three-dimensional profiles 3D refine: an interactive web server for efficient protein structure refinement Combining global and local measures for structure-based druggability predictions GEMDOCK: a generic evolutionary method for molecular docking AutoDock Vina: improving the speed and accuracy of docking with a new scoring function, efficient optimization, and multithreading SwissADME: a free web tool to evaluate pharmacokinetics, drug-likeness and medicinal chemistry friendliness of small molecules ADMET lab: a platform for systematic ADMET evaluation based on a comprehensively collected ADMET database Advances in homology protein structure modeling QMEANDisCo-distance constraints applied on model quality estimation Computational methods in drug discovery Finding a potential dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor for type-2 diabetes treatment based on molecular docking, pharmacophore generation, and molecular dynamics simulation Effects of different brewing conditions on catechin content and sensory acceptance in Turkish green tea infusions Heterogeneity of the interflavanyl bond in proanthocyanidins from natural sources lacking C-4 (C-ring) deoxy flavonoid nucleophiles e flavonoid chemosystematics of Egyptian Verbena species Bioactivity guided fractionation of Phyllanthus orbicularis and identification of the principal anti HSV-2 compounds Procyanidin B1 purified from Cinnamomi cortex suppresses hepatitis C virus replication Identification of polyphenols from Broussonetia papyrifera as SARS CoV-2 main protease inhibitors using in silico docking and molecular dynamics simulation approaches Flavonoidmediated inhibition of SARS coronavirus 3C-like protease expressed in Pichia pastoris Procyanidins and butanol extract of Cinnamomi cortex inhibit SARS-CoV infection e role of flavonoids in the antiinflammatory activity of Chamomilla recutita e chemistry and biological activities of natural products from northern African plant families: from Taccaceae to Zygophyllaceae Luteolin-7-O-glucoside present in lettuce extracts inhibits hepatitis B surface antigen production and viral replication by human hepatoma cells in vitro Anti-HBV active flavone glucosides from Euphorbia humifusa willd Computational screening of antagonists against the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) coronavirus by molecular docking In silico computational screening of Kabasura Kudineer-official Siddha formulation and JACOM against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein Amino acid transporters as disease modifiers and drug targets In the course of drug discovery, structure-based virtual screening is a computational approach utilised to identify promising novel small chemical ligands from curated chemical compound databases with potential activity against drug targets [48] .
    keywords: binding; compounds; coronavirus; covid-19; docking; drug; galloylcatechin; helicase; luteolin; potential; protease; sars; targets
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        item: #2736 of 5187
          id: cord-306308-zjq6cscm
      author: de Moura, Ronald Rodrigues
       title: Immunoinformatic approach to assess SARS-CoV-2 protein S epitopes recognised by the most frequent MHC-I alleles in the Brazilian population
        date: 2020-08-05
       words: 2520
      flesch: 45
     summary: Emerging novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)-current scenario, evolutionary perspective based on genome analysis and recent developments Preliminary identification of potential vaccine targets for the COVID-19 coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) based on SARS-CoV immunological studies Structural basis for the recognition of SARS-CoV-2 by fulllength human ACE2 A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome The spike glycoprotein of the new coronavirus 2019-nCoV contains a furin-like cleavage site absent in CoV of the same clade Characterization of the binding profile of peptide to transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) using Gaussian process regression Total predicted MHC-I epitope load is inversely associated with mortality from SARS-CoV-2 Allele frequency net database (AFND) 2020 update: gold-standard data classification, open access genotype data and new query tools SWISS-MODEL: homology modelling of protein structures and complexes 3Drefine: an interactive web server for efficient protein structure refinement Verification of protein structures: patterns of nonbonded atomic interactions Structure validation by Cα geometry: ϕ,ψ and Cβ deviation NetMHCpan-4.0: improved peptide-MHC class In the context of specific immune response against the virus, a correlation between Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I (MHC-I) and the severity of the disease in patients with COVID-19 has been suggested.
    keywords: alleles; brazilian; cov-2; epitopes; hla; mhc; protein; sars
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        item: #2737 of 5187
          id: cord-306332-ug6pare2
      author: Chen, Ze-Liang
       title: From severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus to 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak: similarities in the early epidemics and prediction of future trends
        date: 2020-05-05
       words: 2030
      flesch: 47
     summary: Global trends in emerging infectious diseases The challenge of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases Pneumonia of unknown etiology in Wuhan, China: potential for international spread via commercial air travel The continuing 2019-nCoV epidemic threat of novel coronaviruses to global health -the latest 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan Preliminary estimation of the basic reproduction number of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in China, from 2019 to 2020: a data-driven analysis in the early phase of the outbreak Bats are natural reservoirs of SARS-like coronaviruses RNA based mNGS approach identifies a novel human coronavirus from two individual pneumonia cases in 2019 Wuhan outbreak Return of the coronavirus: nCoV Chinese spring festival editorial Transmission and epidemiological characteristics of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infected pneumonia (COVID-19): preliminary evidence obtained in comparison with 2003-SARS Infection control and SARS transmission among healthcare workers Risks to healthcare workers with emerging diseases: lessons from MERS-CoV, Ebola, SARS, and avian flu Epidemiological analysis on SARS clustered cases in Guangdong province (in Chinese) However, as we had participated in the epidemiological investigations of early SARS cases in 2003, we had collected important data about the early stages of the outbreak.
    keywords: cases; coronavirus; ncov; outbreak; sars
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        item: #2738 of 5187
          id: cord-306351-ka6asw3m
      author: Alsuliman, Tamim
       title: A review of potential treatments to date in COVID-19 patients according to the stage of the disease
        date: 2020-05-30
       words: 6067
      flesch: 42
     summary: key: cord-306351-ka6asw3m authors: Alsuliman, Tamim; Alasadi, Lugien; Alkharat, Banan; Srour, Micha; Alrstom, Ali title: A review of potential treatments to date in COVID-19 patients according to the stage of the disease date: 2020-05-30 journal: Curr Res Transl Med DOI: 10.1016/j.retram.2020.05.004 sha: doc_id: 306351 cord_uid: ka6asw3m Abstract Introduction and motivation: Since the end of 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic has affected millions of people worldwide. Since human safety data for Remdesivir are available from several clinical trials that tested Remdesivir's efficacy against Ebola virus, several clinical trials are already being held in the United States and China to investigate its efficacy treating COVID-19 patients [7, 26, 32] .
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; data; disease; hcq; patients; pneumonia; sars; stage; study; treatment; trials; use
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        item: #2739 of 5187
          id: cord-306365-7cydmgn2
      author: Ami, Yasushi
       title: Co‐infection of respiratory bacterium with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus induces an exacerbated pneumonia in mice
        date: 2008-04-01
       words: 5099
      flesch: 49
     summary: These results collectively suggest that the elastase induced by Pp infection or LPS administration enhanced the infection produced by mouse-adapted Frmo in mouse lungs. Roberts et al. described that SARS-CoV adapted to mice by serial passage of the original Urbani strain in mouse lungs acquired high virulence for mice (15) .
    keywords: cov; elastase; infection; lungs; mice; sars
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        item: #2740 of 5187
          id: cord-306373-61snvddh
      author: Xu, Xiao-Wei
       title: Clinical findings in a group of patients infected with the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2) outside of Wuhan, China: retrospective case series
        date: 2020-02-19
       words: 3596
      flesch: 51
     summary: Consequently, over time more patients are expected to emerge across China and perhaps the world. It is possible that an even greater number of infected patients exist without a diagnosis because their symptoms were less severe and because of the incubation period.
    keywords: cov-2; days; infection; patients; sars; study; symptoms; wuhan
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        item: #2741 of 5187
          id: cord-306390-pzzev8hd
      author: Reisinger, Emil C.
       title: Mütter-Screening in einem COVID-19-Niedrig-Pandemiegebiet: Bestimmung SARS-CoV-2-spezifischer Antikörper bei 401 Rostocker Müttern mittels ELISA und Immunfluoreszenz-Bestätigungstest
        date: 2020-06-22
       words: 1546
      flesch: 48
     summary: So hat ein mit SARS-CoV-2 infizierter 9-jähriger Junge die Infektion trotz zahlreicher sozialer Kontakte nicht weitergegeben In dieser Pilotstudie wurden 401 Mütter von Kindern im Alter von 1-10 Jahren als Sentinel untersucht, um die Prävalenz der Infektion mit SARS-CoV-2 auch bei Kindern abzuschätzen.
    keywords: bei; cov-2; covid-19; der; die; elisa; infektion; kindern; mit; sars; und; von
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        item: #2742 of 5187
          id: cord-306414-2dv3qced
      author: Gutierrez, Lucas
       title: Deciphering the TCR Repertoire to Solve the COVID-19 Mystery
        date: 2020-06-20
       words: 7001
      flesch: 34
     summary: TCR engineered T cell (TCR-T): T cells engineered by viral vectors to express the TCR gene with defined specificity. T cells, however, mature in the thymus, and CD8 + T cells kill virus-infected cells (cell-mediated antiviral response) through T cell receptor (TCR)-mediated recognition of viral antigens.
    keywords: antigen; cells; cov-2; covid-19; diversity; infection; patients; receptor; repertoire; response; sars; sequencing; tcr; tcr repertoire
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        item: #2743 of 5187
          id: cord-306424-gf0bglm0
      author: Scutigliani, Enzo Maxim
       title: Interaction of the innate immune system with positive-strand RNA virus replication organelles
        date: 2017-06-27
       words: 8337
      flesch: 30
     summary: Therefore, detection of viral RNA and the subsequent induction of antiviral effector mechanisms play an important part in the onset of an antiviral state in the context of RNA virus infections. ROs are therefore believed to have a dual role in +RNA virus infection and innate immune evasion, which will be elaborated on further in this review.
    keywords: antiviral; host; ifn; inducible; infection; innate; lc3; membrane; protein; replication; rna; role; ros; signaling; virus; viruses
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        item: #2744 of 5187
          id: cord-306431-r83n27la
      author: Chan, Chak-Ming
       title: The ion channel activity of the SARS-coronavirus 3a protein is linked to its pro-apoptotic function
        date: 2009-05-04
       words: 4803
      flesch: 44
     summary: We showed that 3a proteins carrying respective mutations in these protein domains exhibit reduced pro-apoptotic activities, indicating the importance of these domains on 3a's pro-apoptotic function. Role in liver cell death A di-acidic signal required for selective export from the endoplasmic reticulum Glycosylation of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus triple-spanning membrane proteins 3a and M Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 3a protein activates the mitochondrial death pathway through p38 MAP kinase activation Apoptosis induced by the SARS-associated coronavirus in Vero cells is replication-dependent and involves caspase Characterization of a novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome The 3a accessory protein of SARS coronavirus specifically interacts with the 5'UTR of its genomic RNA, using a unique 75 amino acid interaction domain The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 3a is a novel structural protein Cargo recognition during clathrin-mediated endocytosis: a team effort The many roles of FAS receptor signaling in the immune system The SARS coronavirus nucleocapsid protein induces actin reorganization and apoptosis in COS-1 cells in the absence of growth factors Overexpression of 7a, a protein specifically encoded by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, induces apoptosis via a caspase-dependent pathway A novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus protein, U274, is transported to the cell surface and undergoes endocytosis The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 3a protein up-regulates expression of fibrinogen in lung epithelial cells Understanding the accessory viral proteins unique to the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus Regulation of cell death during infection by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and other coronaviruses Induction of apoptosis by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 7a protein is dependent on its interaction with the Bcl-XL protein Mechanisms and enzymes involved in SARS coronavirus genome expression The history of Z-VAD-FMK, a tool for understanding the significance of caspase inhibition In vivo functional characterization of the SARS-coronavirus 3a protein in Drosophila Sodium dodecyl sulfate-insoluble oligomers are involved in polyglutamine degeneration SARS coronavirus induces apoptosis in Vero E6 cells Bcl-xL inhibits T-cell apoptosis induced by expression of SARS coronavirus E protein in the absence of growth factors Identification of a novel protein 3a from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Subcellular localization and membrane association of SARS-CoV 3a protein G0/G1 arrest and apoptosis induced by SARS-CoV 3b protein in transfected cells Characterization of the 3a protein of SARS-associated coronavirus in infected Vero E6 cells and SARS patients M and N proteins of SARS coronavirus induce apoptosis in HPF cells Amino terminus of the SARS coronavirus protein 3a elicits strong, potentially protective humoral responses in infected patients We thank members of the Laboratory of Drosophila Research for critical reading of the manuscript.
    keywords: apoptosis; cells; channel; et al; fig; protein; sars
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        item: #2745 of 5187
          id: cord-306438-db2rqz4d
      author: Kalathiya, Umesh
       title: Highly Conserved Homotrimer Cavity Formed by the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein: A Novel Binding Site
        date: 2020-05-14
       words: 6937
      flesch: 47
     summary: Therefore, to explore conserved features in spike protein dynamics and to identify potentially novel regions for drugging, we measured spike protein variability derived from 791 viral genomes and studied its properties by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Interpretations from MD simulations suggest that the monomer form of spike protein is in constant motion showing transitions between an “up” and “down” state.
    keywords: ace2; binding; cavity; coronavirus; domain; drug; figure; host; protein; rbd; receptor; sars; spike; trimer
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        item: #2746 of 5187
          id: cord-306465-7kevsl1z
      author: Agarwal, Krishna Mohan
       title: Study and Overview of the Novel Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19)
        date: 2020-09-06
       words: 2649
      flesch: 43
     summary: key: cord-306465-7kevsl1z authors: Agarwal, Krishna Mohan; Mohapatra, Swati; Sharma, Prairit; Sharma, Shreya; Bhatia, Dinesh; Mishra, Animesh title: Study and Overview of the Novel Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) date: 2020-09-06 journal: nan DOI: 10.1016/j.sintl.2020.100037 sha: doc_id: 306465 cord_uid: 7kevsl1z In December 2019, a new disease with pneumonia-like symptoms was spreading throughout Wuhan in China which was entitled as novel coronavirus disease or COVID -19 caused by the virus SARS CoV-2. India coronavirus numbers explained: Cases in four states growing faster than the national average Nearly 7 Lakh Coronavirus Cases In India Recent Advancements in the Diagnosis, Prevention, and Prospective Drug Therapy of COVID-19.
    keywords: cases; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; india; novel; pandemic; sars
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        item: #2747 of 5187
          id: cord-306486-y6a4u0vh
      author: Wang, Bin
       title: Long‐term coexistence of SARS‐CoV‐2 with antibody response in COVID‐19 patients
        date: 2020-05-05
       words: 852
      flesch: 35
     summary: A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Increasing host cellular receptor-angiotensinconverting enzyme 2 (ACE2) expression by coronavirus may facilitate 2019-nCoV infection Breadth of concomitant immune responses prior to patient recovery: a case report of non-severe COVID-19 Neutralizing antibodies and pathogenesis of hepatitis C virus infection Don't rush to deploy COVID-19 vaccines and drugs without sufficient safety guarantees Timely development of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 Therapeutic targeting of RIG-I and MDA5 might not lead to the same Rome Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study Long-term coexistence of SARS-CoV-2 with antibody response in COVID-19 patients We thank the physicians and nurses in Jinan infectious diseases hospital who cared for these patients and made this study possible. Taken together, we showed that SARS-CoV-2 could coexist with virus-specific IgG antibodies in COVID-19 patients for an unexpectedly long time and, without adaptive immunity, innate immunity may still be powerful enough to eliminate SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: immunity; patients; sars
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        item: #2748 of 5187
          id: cord-306508-xpwluph5
      author: Nkengasong, John
       title: China’s response to a novel coronavirus stands in stark contrast to the 2002 SARS outbreak response
        date: 2020-01-27
       words: 1462
      flesch: 50
     summary: In fact, an evaluation conducted in 2012 showed the remarkable progress that China CDC has made since 2002, which has resulted in quicker responses to emergent epidemics, with an overall completeness of publichealth services significantly increasing from 47.4% to 76.6% (ref. 9 ). China CDC has also played a critical role in strengthening a tiered national publichealth system in the country.
    keywords: china; disease; health; outbreak
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        item: #2749 of 5187
          id: cord-306581-g3d0lqxp
      author: Khattab, Mohamed H.
       title: Early detection of SARS-CoV-2 from staging PET-CT
        date: 2020-09-29
       words: 1217
      flesch: 40
     summary: Given the presence of the reversed halo sign, the differential diagnosis strongly suggested viral infection, although this is not diagnostic for COVID-19 pneumonia and includes other non-specific viral infections as well as organizing pneumonia and eosinophilic pneumonia. To avoid myelosuppression in the setting of active infection, planned chemoradiation was delayed until cessation of viral shedding.
    keywords: cov-2; infection; patients; sars
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        item: #2750 of 5187
          id: cord-306598-xe0pq0ik
      author: Zhou, Mi
       title: Re-emergence of SARS-CoV2 in a discharged COVID-19 case
        date: 2020-04-02
       words: 610
      flesch: 65
     summary: On day 8, patient had a mild diarrhea (4 stools/day), but resolved soon after treatment with montmorillonite powder. Although it is not clear whether this positive finding is associated with disease transmission potential, given the disastrous outcome of disease transmission, longer observation period should be taken into consideration for COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: day; patient
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        item: #2751 of 5187
          id: cord-306675-kwrm8whn
      author: Crespo Sabarís, R
       title: “SARS-CoV-2: una presentación peculiar”
        date: 2020-05-08
       words: 815
      flesch: 31
     summary: El 27 de marzo se contacta con el paciente que refiere seguir con algunas lesiones y prurito, pero no se modifica tratamiento, aunque el día 30 acude muy nervioso y desde la consulta de enfermería se envían las fotografías 1 y 2 (figuras 1 y 2) al médico titular, que está haciendo teletrabajo, y al apreciar en las mismas componente inflamatorio y lesiones de rascado, se indica administrar metilprednisolona y dexcloreniramina parenterales, con mejoría en menos de una hora, y se pautan 5 días de tratamiento con prednisona de 30 mg, se aumenta la hidroxicina cambiándose cetirizina por rupatadina. En la analítica se aprecia una PCR de 40 (0-10), disminución de la transferrina (168, 200-330) y del índice de saturación de la misma (19, 23-59), ligera eosinofilia 7,3% (0,0-0,7%), con el resto de parámetros normales, incluidas pruebas serológicas de HIV y Treponema Pallidum y coagulación.
    keywords: con; por; que
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        item: #2752 of 5187
          id: cord-306718-7wp5jmxe
      author: Remaeus, Katarina
       title: Characteristics and short‐term obstetric outcomes in a case series of 67 women tested positive for SARS‐CoV‐2 in Stockholm, Sweden
        date: 2020-09-27
       words: 2558
      flesch: 50
     summary: In this case series of 67 test-positive women few women presented with severe COVID-19 illness, a majority had a vaginal birth at term with a healthy neonate that were test-negative for SARS-CoV-2. SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Pregnancy -a Review of the Current Literature and Possible Impact on Maternal and Neonatal Outcome Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and pregnancy: what obstetricians need to know Infections in pregnancy with COVID-19 and other respiratory RNA virus diseases are rarely, if ever, transmitted to the fetus: experiences with coronaviruses, HPIV, hMPV RSV, and INFLUENZA Coronavirus disease 2019 among pregnant Chinese women: Case series data on the safety of vaginal birth and breastfeeding COVID-19 in pregnancy with comorbidities: More liberal testing strategy is needed Covid-19: risk factors for severe disease and death The Swedish Pregnancy Registerfor quality of care improvement and research The Swedish Pregnancy Register. Concerns have been raised regarding risks for severe disease in pregnant women, preterm delivery, possible vertical transmission, and neonatal infection.
    keywords: birth; cov-2; covid-19; sars; women
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        item: #2753 of 5187
          id: cord-306733-df36w6l7
      author: Rosales-Mendoza, Sergio
       title: What Does Plant-Based Vaccine Technology Offer to the Fight against COVID-19?
        date: 2020-04-14
       words: 8607
      flesch: 34
     summary: Another approach to express heterologous protein in plants relies on the use of viral-based vectors, which exploit the efficient promoters, UTRs, and DNA/RNA replication mechanisms found in plant viruses. A recent review revealed that at least 97 vaccine candidates have been developed based on plant viruses covering infectious agents, cancer, and autoimmune disorders [78] .
    keywords: antigen; approach; cells; coronavirus; cov-1; covid-19; development; expression; immune; mice; plant; production; protein; sars; vaccines; virus; vlps
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        item: #2754 of 5187
          id: cord-306748-i9ndb71n
      author: Kobia, Francis
       title: COVID-19: Are Africa’s diagnostic challenges blunting response effectiveness?
        date: 2020-04-17
       words: 3221
      flesch: 47
     summary: COVID-19 diagnostic testing is recommended for individuals that satisfy the suspect case definition (Leitmeyer et al., 2020). Here, based on the African situation, we discuss COVID-19 diagnostic challenges and how they may blunt responses.
    keywords: africa; cases; challenges; covid-19; diagnostic; testing
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        item: #2755 of 5187
          id: cord-306749-qetf3uur
      author: Caves, N.D.
       title: Attitudes to basic life support among medical students following the 2003 SARS outbreak in Hong Kong()
        date: 2005-10-10
       words: 4321
      flesch: 44
     summary: This study seeks to explore whether this epidemic has altered the willingness of Hong Kong medical students to perform basic life support and mouth-to-mouth ventilation during an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Hong Kong medical students are concerned about the risk of transmission of disease, including SARS, during resuscitation, but would be more likely to withhold mouth-to-mouth ventilation owing to the presence of vomit or blood in the victim's mouth, than due to a fear of contracting SARS.
    keywords: bls; mouth; mouth ventilation; resuscitation; sars; students; ventilation
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        item: #2756 of 5187
          id: cord-306760-05my504t
      author: Turner, Dan
       title: Corona Virus Disease 2019 and Paediatric Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Global Experience and Provisional Guidance (March 2020) from the Paediatric IBD Porto Group of European Society of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition
        date: 2020-03-31
       words: 3841
      flesch: 42
     summary: A questionnaire was sent on March 20, 2020 to 19 paediatric gastroenterology centers in China to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on the prognosis of IBD children. On the basis of currently (March 2020) available limited data presented here, we suggest the following: IBD children, with and without immunosuppressive and biological therapy, do not seem to carry a higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, compared with the general population.
    keywords: cases; children; cov-2; covid-19; disease; group; ibd; infection; patients; sars
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        item: #2757 of 5187
          id: cord-306770-hjzlj8k3
      author: Mick, Paul
       title: Aerosol-generating otolaryngology procedures and the need for enhanced PPE during the COVID-19 pandemic: a literature review
        date: 2020-05-11
       words: 6321
      flesch: 39
     summary: There is an opportunity to perform research to quantify the risk of COVID-19 transmission from patients to health care workers performing aerosol-generating otolaryngology procedures during the COVID-19 pandemic. key: cord-306770-hjzlj8k3 authors: Mick, Paul; Murphy, Russell title: Aerosol-generating otolaryngology procedures and the need for enhanced PPE during the COVID-19 pandemic: a literature review date: 2020-05-11 journal: J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg DOI: 10.1186/s40463-020-00424-7 sha: doc_id: 306770 cord_uid: hjzlj8k3 BACKGROUND: Adequate personal protective equipment is needed to reduce the rate of transmission of COVID-19 to health care workers.
    keywords: aerosol; care; covid-19; evidence; health; otolaryngology; patients; procedures; respirators; risk; sars; transmission; workers
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        item: #2758 of 5187
          id: cord-306819-otabtxin
      author: Asensio-Samper, JM
       title: Recomendaciones Prácticas Para El Manejo Del Paciente Con Dolor Crónico Durante La Pandemia De COVID-19
        date: 2020-09-02
       words: 5170
      flesch: 34
     summary: no ha sido un aspecto relevante a considerar en tiempos de crisis, incluyendo los estados epidémicos, sin embargo el derecho de los pacientes al bienestar, los beneficios sociales y de estándares de salud pública inherentes al tratamiento del dolor, así como la responsabilidad de los proveedores de salud y cuidadores de proporcionar atención global a los pacientes incluyendo la analgesia adecuada, lo convierten en un aspecto fundamental. al máximo la circulación y estancia de los pacientes en las áreas asistenciales.
    keywords: acompañante; así; atención; casos; como; con; cov-2; covid-19; crónico; debe; del; dolor; durante; health; infección; las; los; opioides; paciente; pain; pandemia; para; patients; por; posible; presencial; procedimientos; que; riesgo; salud; sars; tratamiento; una
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        item: #2759 of 5187
          id: cord-306826-vbfdxoc2
      author: Solerte, Sebastiano Bruno
       title: Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibition in COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-06
       words: 2256
      flesch: 30
     summary: The use of DPP4 inhibitors, such as gliptins, in patients with COVID-19 with, or even without, type 2 diabetes, may offer a simple way to reduce the virus entry and replication into the airways and to hamper the sustained cytokine storm and inflammation within the lung in patients diagnosed with COVID-19 infection. The large amount of data available on the use of DPP4 inhibitors could support us to give a new strategic direction in COVID-19 treatment
    keywords: cd26; coronavirus; covid-19; dipeptidyl; dpp4; peptidase; sars
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        item: #2760 of 5187
          id: cord-306832-w8s282nq
      author: Tarragón, Blanca
       title: FRACASO RENAL AGUDO EN PACIENTES HOSPITALIZADOS POR COVID-19
        date: 2020-10-09
       words: 3473
      flesch: 45
     summary: Page 6 of 14 J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f La gravedad de la infección por SARS-CoV-2 fue determinada según la clasificación de la OMS para COVID-19 y la escala CURB-65 15, 17 , considerándose como afectación pulmonar grave los cuadros de neumonía grave y de SDRA. Los datos de la infección por SARS-CoV-2 se recogen en la Tabla 2.
    keywords: afectación; casos; como; con; cov-2; covid-19; del; estudio; fra; fue; ingreso; las; los; más; pacientes; patients; por; que; renal; sars; una
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        item: #2761 of 5187
          id: cord-306835-juitltpi
      author: Babaei, Fatemeh
       title: Curcumin (a constituent of turmeric): New treatment option against COVID‐19
        date: 2020-09-06
       words: 6247
      flesch: 30
     summary: China Curcumin inhibits the replication of enterovirus 71 in vitro Honokiol inhibits signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 signaling, proliferation, and survival of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via the protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 Curcumin attenuates allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness in sensitized guinea pigs Regulation of COX and LOX by curcumin ACE2 and pACE2: A pair of aces for pulmonary arterial hypertension treatment? Clinical, laboratory and imaging features of COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis Curcumin downregulates human tumor necrosis factor-α levels: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Pinitol targets nuclear factor-kappaB activation pathway leading to inhibition of gene products associated with proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and angiogenesis Hydro-ethanolic extract of Curcuma longa affects tracheal responsiveness and lung pathology in ovalbumin-sensitized rats The multifaceted role of curcumin in cancer prevention and treatment Activation of transcription factor NFkappa B is suppressed by curcumin (diferuloylmethane) Y-tocotrienol inhibits angiogenesis-dependent growth of human hepatocellular carcinoma through abrogation of AKT/mTOR pathway in an orthotopic mouse model Thymoquinone overcomes chemoresistance and enhances the anticancer effects of bortezomib through abrogation of NF-κB regulated gene products in multiple myeloma xenograft mouse model Pre-treatment with curcumin ameliorates cisplatin-induced kidney damage by suppressing kidney inflammation and apoptosis in rats Turmeric (Curcuma longa) and its major constituent (curcumin) as nontoxic and safe substances: Review From SARS to MERS, thrusting coronaviruses into the spotlight Intranasal curcumin and its evaluation in murine model of asthma Understanding of COVID-19 based on current evidence Activation of SIRT1 by curcumin blocks the neurotoxicity of amyloid-β25-35 in rat cortical neurons Sina Hospital Covid-19 registry (SHCo-19R) Identification of beta-escin as a novel inhibitor of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3/Janus-activated kinase 2 signaling pathway that suppresses proliferation and induces apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells Targeting the renin-angiotensin system as novel therapeutic strategy for pulmonary diseases Pulmonary pathology of early-Phase 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia in two patients with lung cancer Effect of nuclear factor kappa B on intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression and neutrophil infiltration in lung injury induced by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion in rats Renoprotective effect of the antioxidant curcumin: Recent findings Curcumin inhibits paraquat induced lung inflammation and fibrosis by extracellular matrix modifications in mouse model Protection from acute and chronic lung diseases by curcumin Clinical features and treatment of COVID-19 patients in northeast Chongqing Receptor recognition by the novel coronavirus from Wuhan: An analysis based on decade-long structural studies of SARS coronavirus Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan Curcumin ameliorated ventilator-induced lung injury in rats Curcumin as a therapeutic agent for blocking NF-κB activation in ulcerative colitis Clinical features of 69 cases with coronavirus disease 2019 in Wuhan. Curcumin has low bioavailability, but a lot of data from clinical trials showed the high efficacy of curcumin or turmeric against several diseases (Kunnumakkara et al., 2019) .
    keywords: ace2; acute; cells; coronavirus; covid-19; curcumin; effects; et al; human; inflammatory; injury; lung; patients; protein; receptor; sars; treatment
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        item: #2762 of 5187
          id: cord-306881-wrd2rhjz
      author: Gehrie, Eric
       title: Transfusion Service Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic
        date: 2020-06-25
       words: 3300
      flesch: 35
     summary: 23 Providers also considered starting or increasing hydroxyurea in an effort to maintain lower levels of hemoglobin S. There were initially reports of TPE being done in COVID-19 patients with florid infections who developed sepsis, pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and multisystem organ failure, most likely the result of cytokine storm with endothelial damage, inflammation, and hypercoagulability. This risk should be carefully weighed, especially when considering that the literature contains significant advocacy for extensive plasma exposure to COVID-19 patients, some with no actual patient experience to support the proposed practice.
    keywords: blood; convalescent; covid-19; disease; pandemic; patients; plasma; supply; treatment
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        item: #2763 of 5187
          id: cord-306901-uuwgpuhw
      author: Roy, Sylvie
       title: Efficient production of Moloney murine leukemia virus-like particles pseudotyped with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein
        date: 2020-09-16
       words: 4245
      flesch: 40
     summary: Safety and immunogenicity of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine against SARS-CoV-445 2: a preliminary report of a phase 1/2, single-blind, randomised controlled trial Primary exposure to SARS-CoV-2 protects against reinfection in rhesus macaques Immunogenicity of a DNA 457 vaccine candidate for COVID-19 CoV-2 spike S1-Fc fusion protein induced high levels of neutralizing 461 responses in nonhuman primates Development of an Inactivated 465 Vaccine Candidate, BBIBP-CorV, with Potent Protection against SARS-CoV-2 Development of an inactivated vaccine 470 candidate for SARS-CoV-2 Phase 1/2 study of COVID-19 RNA vaccine BNT162b1 in adults Immunogenicity and safety of 479 a recombinant adenovirus type-5-vectored COVID-19 vaccine in healthy adults aged 18 years 480 or older: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial Intradermal-486 delivered DNA vaccine provides anamnestic protection in a rhesus macaque SARS-CoV-2 487 challenge model Retroviral vectors pseudotyped with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus S 490 protein The contribution of the cytoplasmic 492 retrieval signal of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus to intracellular 493 accumulation of S proteins and incorporation of S protein into virus-like particles Intracellular targeting signals contribute to 496 localization of coronavirus spike proteins near the virus assembly site Cytoplasmic tail of coronavirus spike protein has 498 intracellular targeting signals Genetic analysis of the SARS-coronavirus spike glycoprotein functional domains 501 involved in cell-surface expression and cell-to-cell fusion Aromatic amino acids in the juxtamembrane domain of severe acute respiratory syndrome 504 coronavirus spike glycoprotein are important for receptor-dependent virus entry and cell-505 cell fusion Vesicular stomatitis virus pseudotyped with severe acute respiratory 508 syndrome coronavirus spike protein 510 Efficient human hematopoietic cell transduction using RD114-and GALV-pseudotyped 511 retroviral vectors produced in suspension and serum-free media Discrimination between 513 exosomes and HIV-1: purification of both vesicles from cell-free supernatants Highly purified human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reveals a 516 virtual absence of Vif in virions The Improbability of the Rapid Development of a Vaccine for SARS-CoV-2 DNA vaccine protection against SARS-CoV-2 in rhesus macaques Single-shot Ad26 vaccine protects against SARS-CoV-2 in rhesus 534 macaques Human 536 immunodeficiency viral vector pseudotyped with the spike envelope of severe acute 537 respiratory syndrome coronavirus transduces human airway epithelial cells and dendritic 538 cells Retroviruses pseudotyped with the severe acute 541 respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein efficiently infect cells expressing 542 angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 Measuring SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody activity using pseudotyped and chimeric 547 viruses Protocol and Reagents 550 for Pseudotyping Lentiviral Particles with SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein for Neutralization 551 We could conclude that 131 the production of recombinant viral particles was robust from stable producers expressing DS and 132 inefficient with the full-length version of SARS CoV-2 S. 133 The deletion of the 19 amino acid cytoplasmic tail of S does not enhance its fusogenicity.
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; cov-2; fig; protein; sars; vaccine
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        item: #2764 of 5187
          id: cord-307036-n44yml79
      author: Ng, Oi-Wing
       title: Substitution at Aspartic Acid 1128 in the SARS Coronavirus Spike Glycoprotein Mediates Escape from a S2 Domain-Targeting Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibody
        date: 2014-07-14
       words: 8556
      flesch: 52
     summary: S protein containing the substitution of D1128 with alanine (D1128A) exhibited a significant decrease in binding capability to mAb 1A9 compared to wild-type S protein. Every surface spike of the SARS-CoV is composed of a trimer of S protein of 1255 amino acids in length.
    keywords: 1a9; cells; coronavirus; cov; d1128a; mab; mutant; n1056k; protein; sars; type; virus
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        item: #2765 of 5187
          id: cord-307044-4czeehkq
      author: Liu, Jiaye
       title: Longitudinal Changes of Liver Function and Hepatitis B Reactivation in COVID‐19 Patients with Pre‐existing Chronic HBV Infection
        date: 2020-08-06
       words: 3520
      flesch: 43
     summary: Chronic HBV infection was determined on the basis of testing positive for HBsAg and/or HBV DNA at hospital admission and medical history of chronic HBV infection. However, to the best of our knowledge, no studies had been carried out on the impact of chronic HBV infection on the disease progression and liver function changes of COVID-19 patients, and how the SARS-CoV-2 infection in turn affects the course of chronic HBV infection.
    keywords: chronic; covid-19; hbv; infection; liver; patients; sars
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        item: #2766 of 5187
          id: cord-307070-tqxvu3pu
      author: Iqbal, Phool
       title: Should We Rely on Screening Tests for Further Management Alone in Polymerase Chain Reaction Negative COVID-19 Patients? A Case Series
        date: 2020-09-20
       words: 2764
      flesch: 47
     summary: Herein, we report our experience with COVID-19 patients who were tested multiple times using this system but were negative for the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The dilemma of a diagnosis based on less sensitive and specific tests or atypical presentations may cause complications due to delay in the management of COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; patients; pcr; test
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        item: #2767 of 5187
          id: cord-307109-nz8qvuw6
      author: Martinez, Miguel Angel
       title: Compounds with Therapeutic Potential against Novel Respiratory 2019 Coronavirus
        date: 2020-04-21
       words: 3767
      flesch: 35
     summary: Thus, protection against influenza virus infections was achieved by targeting TLR4 with small-molecule antagonists, like TAK-242, or with anti-TLR4-specific antibodies (39, 40) . To date, no conclusive results have been found for the effects of immunosuppressants in severe influenza virus infections (12) .
    keywords: coronavirus; cov; cov-2; human; infections; influenza; mers; novel; remdesivir; sars
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        item: #2768 of 5187
          id: cord-307113-mu3ow7m4
      author: Colmenero, I.
       title: SARS‐CoV‐2 Has Not Been Detected Directly by Electron Microscopy in the Endothelium of Chilblain Lesions: reply from authors
        date: 2020-09-30
       words: 416
      flesch: 39
     summary: Positive immunohistochemistry for SARS-CoV has been reported by different authors in cutaneous biopsies of COVID chilblains using antibodies directed against different parts of the virus, 3, 4 and SARS-CoV-2 RNA-positive cells have been demonstrated by RNAscope. Br J Dermatol DOI: 10.1111/bjd.19579 sha: doc_id: 307113 cord_uid: mu3ow7m4 We fully agree that the interpretation of electron microscopy findings can be challenging, even for experts.
    keywords: sars
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        item: #2769 of 5187
          id: cord-307148-k1uo3fxm
      author: Bradshaw, Patrick C.
       title: COVID-19: Proposing a Ketone-Based Metabolic Therapy as a Treatment to Blunt the Cytokine Storm
        date: 2020-09-09
       words: 20848
      flesch: 35
     summary: Therefore, R-BHB may mitigate respiratory virus infection both by increasing LL-37 levels and by increasing NADPH levels [16] that protect LL-37 from inactivation. Increased NADPH levels also have been shown to stimulate antiviral immunity by decreasing the level of the NADPH sensor protein HSCARG, which is a negative regulator of NF-κB transcription.
    keywords: acid; activity; bhb; cells; covid-19; cytokine; decrease; diet; effects; expression; fat; function; gene; glucose; iav; increase; infection; inflammatory; inhibition; ketogenic; ketone; levels; lung; macrophages; metabolism; mice; mitochondrial; nadph; production; response; ros; sars; signaling; storm
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        item: #2770 of 5187
          id: cord-307160-1vz0gw1w
      author: Morais-Almeida, Mário
       title: COVID-19, asthma, and biologic therapies: What we need to know
        date: 2020-05-16
       words: 3565
      flesch: 31
     summary: Based on the information available, we are providing the current knowledge regarding the management of severe asthma patients with biologics during the COVID-19 pandemic. Biologic therapies should be used in severe asthma patients who qualify for them, in order to limit the need for OCS as much as possible (37).
    keywords: asthma; biologics; cov-2; covid-19; data; pandemic; patients; safety; sars
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        item: #2771 of 5187
          id: cord-307208-tw6mwa5v
      author: Cabrera Villegas, Antonio
       title: [(18)F]-FDG PET/CT in oncologic patients with unsuspected asymptomatic infection with SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-09-16
       words: 3345
      flesch: 45
     summary: They had no findings suggestive of COVID-19 in 562 consecutive patients, indicating that this was probably due to the fact that the prevalence of asymptomatic COVID-19 patients was very low in their area. These results confirm that the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection is higher than suspected and that there are asymptomatic patients that are attending imaging departments to be explored for their baseline oncologic processes.
    keywords: covid-19; findings; infection; patients; pet; sars
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        item: #2772 of 5187
          id: cord-307213-i8yijbiu
      author: Ip, Jonathan Daniel
       title: Intrahost non-synonymous diversity at a neutralising antibody epitope of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein N-terminal domain
        date: 2020-11-02
       words: 1047
      flesch: 42
     summary: This study aims to determine viral genome diversity in serial samples of COVID-19 patients. The frequency of G22017T increased from ≤5% (nanopore: 3.8%; Illumina: 5%) from first respiratory tract specimen (sputum) to ≥60% (nanopore: 67.7%; Illumina: 60.4%) in the second specimen (saliva; collected 2 days after the 1(st) specimen).
    keywords: illumina; sars; sequencing; spike
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        item: #2773 of 5187
          id: cord-307227-x6xketcn
      author: Martin, William R.
       title: Repurposing of FDA-Approved Toremifene to Treat COVID-19 by Blocking the Spike Glycoprotein and NSP14 of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-09-10
       words: 4008
      flesch: 42
     summary: 6 Indeed, a crystal structure of the Ebola virus with bound toremifene indicates the interaction lies between the attachment (GP1) and fusion (GP2) protein subunits. 13 Further studies have been done using large databases, such as ZINC, 14 to test large compound libraries across multiple viral proteins.
    keywords: binding; cov-2; docking; interaction; potential; protein; sars; spike; structure; toremifene
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        item: #2774 of 5187
          id: cord-307229-wjx90xki
      author: da Silveira, Matheus Pelinski
       title: Physical exercise as a tool to help the immune system against COVID-19: an integrative review of the current literature
        date: 2020-07-29
       words: 8424
      flesch: 30
     summary: key: cord-307229-wjx90xki authors: da Silveira, Matheus Pelinski; da Silva Fagundes, Kimberly Kamila; Bizuti, Matheus Ribeiro; Starck, Édina; Rossi, Renata Calciolari; de Resende e Silva, Débora Tavares title: Physical exercise as a tool to help the immune system against COVID-19: an integrative review of the current literature date: 2020-07-29 journal: Clin Exp Med DOI: 10.1007/s10238-020-00650-3 sha: doc_id: 307229 cord_uid: wjx90xki Acute viral respiratory infections are the main infectious disease in the world. The practice of physical exercises acts as a modulator of the immune system.
    keywords: activation; activity; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; cytokines; disease; exercise; infection; lymphocytes; patients; practice; response; sars; system; tissue
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        item: #2775 of 5187
          id: cord-307242-e20gtx0z
      author: Jegouic, Sophie M.
       title: Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins for sero-surveillance and epitope mapping
        date: 2020-05-22
       words: 3462
      flesch: 44
     summary: Nevertheless, we found that S protein fragments prepared for gel electrophoresis using non-reducing loading buffer could be used successfully for epitope mapping of 2 S reactive monoclonal antibodies, 3G9, an unpublished mouse mAb generated to SARS S, and CR3022, a human mAb also isolated originally to SARS [19] but shown to cross-react with SARS-CoV-2. Recombinant baculovirus stocks were used to infect small scale cultures (1 x 10 6 cells) for confirmation of S protein expression.
    keywords: antibody; cells; cov-2; expression; figure; fragments; protein; sars
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        item: #2776 of 5187
          id: cord-307248-8e34ndn4
      author: Klimek, Ludger
       title: Handling of allergen immunotherapy in the COVID‐19 pandemic: An ARIA‐EAACI statement
        date: 2020-04-24
       words: 2112
      flesch: 22
     summary: AIT aims to induce allergen-specific immune tolerance in allergy patients by using This article is protected by copyright. key: cord-307248-8e34ndn4 authors: Klimek, Ludger; Jutel, Marek; Akdis, Cezmi; Bousquet, Jean; Akdis, Mübeccel; Bachert, Claus; Agache, Ioana; Ansotegui, Ignacio; Bedbrook, Anna; Bosnic‐Anticevich, Sinthia; Canonica, Giorgio W; Chivato, Tomas; Cruz, Alvaro A; Czarlewski, Wiencyslawa; Giacco, Stefano Del; Du, Hui; Fonseca, Joao A; Gao, Yadong; Haahtela, Tari; Hoffmann‐Sommergruber, Karin; Ivancevich, Juan‐Carlos; Khaltaev, Nikolai; Knol, Edward F; Kuna, Piotr; Larenas‐Linnemann, Desiree; Melen, Erik; Mullol, Joaquim; Naclerio, Robert; Ohta, Ken; Okamoto, Yoshitaka; O’Mahony, Liam; Onorato, Gabrielle L; Papadopoulos, Nikos G; Pawankar, Ruby; Pfaar, Oliver; Samolinski, Boleslaw; Schwarze, Jurgen; Toppila‐Salmi, Sanna; Shamji, Mohamed H.; Ventura, Maria Teresa; Valiulis, Arunas; Yorgancioglu, Arzu; Matricardi, Paolo; Zuberbier, Torsten title: Handling of allergen immunotherapy in the COVID‐19 pandemic: An ARIA‐EAACI statement date: 2020-04-24 journal: Allergy DOI: 10.1111/all.14336 sha: doc_id: 307248 cord_uid: 8e34ndn4 The current COVID‐19 pandemic influences many areas of social life, medical treatments and the way allergy is performed.
    keywords: ait; allergen; allergy; covid-19; disease; immunotherapy; patients; sars
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        item: #2777 of 5187
          id: cord-307263-znuqdzdp
      author: Sun, Niuniu
       title: A Qualitative Study on the Psychological Experience of Caregivers of COVID-19 Patients
        date: 2020-04-08
       words: 4483
      flesch: 47
     summary: Psychological research as the phenomenologist views it Working experiences of nurses during the Middle East respiratory syndrome outbreak Facing SARS: psychological impacts on SARS team nurses and psychiatric services in a Taiwan general hospital Nat ional Healt h Commission of the People's Republic o f China. Situation Report -39 Update on pneumonia of new coronavirus infect ion as of 24:00 on China Disease Control Report: more than 3,000 medical staff infected with new crown virus Ethical and legal challenges associated wit h disaster nursing Nurses' beliefs about public healt h emergencies: fear of abandonment SARS: caring for patients in Hong Kong Nurses' experiences of care for patients wit h Middle East respiratory syndrome-coronavirus in South Korea Healt hcare worker semotions, perceived stressors and coping strategies during MERS-CoV outbreak Sources and symptoms of stress among nurses in the first Chinese ant i-Ebola medical team during the Sierra Leone aid mission: A qualitat ive study New Zealand nurses percept ions of caringfor patients with influenza A (H1N1) Prevalence of psychiatric morbidit y and psychological adaptat ion of the nurses in a structured SARS caring unit during outbreak: A prospect ive and periodic assessment study in Taiwan
    keywords: covid-19; emotions; epidemic; experience; health; nurses; patients; stress; study
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        item: #2778 of 5187
          id: cord-307285-bxy0zsc7
      author: Dar Odeh, Najla
       title: COVID-19: Present and Future Challenges for Dental Practice
        date: 2020-04-30
       words: 4713
      flesch: 40
     summary: Following the recommended cross-infection control procedures, spreading awareness based on evidence and not misconceptions, identifying emergency cases indicated for dental treatment, and practicing effective tele-dentistry when needed can all be helpful for dental patients and community as a whole. Realizing the severity of outcomes associated with this disease and its high rate of transmission, dentists were instructed by regulatory authorities, such as the American Dental Association, to stop providing treatment to dental patients except those who have emergency complaints.
    keywords: cases; covid-19; dental; dentists; drug; healthcare; infection; patients; treatment; virus
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        item: #2779 of 5187
          id: cord-307287-zpq6byml
      author: Poulsen, Nadia Nicholine
       title: Cyclosporine and COVID‐19: Risk or Favorable?
        date: 2020-08-10
       words: 4462
      flesch: 26
     summary: Two drugs have shown promising effect on COVID-19 patients, Remdesivir proved in a recent trial to reduce time to recovery, but had no effect on mortality 1 . The first group had a mortality of 50% and the second group only 12.5% thus supporting the idea that continuous use of cyclosporine might be beneficial in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; cyclosporine; disease; patients; recipients; replication; respiratory; sars; syndrome; transplant
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        item: #2780 of 5187
          id: cord-307303-9mzs5dl4
      author: Barnett, Daniel J.
       title: The Application of the Haddon Matrix to Public Health Readiness and Response Planning
        date: 2005-02-02
       words: 4306
      flesch: 40
     summary: The model shows considerable flexibility as a tool to address threats-both intentional and unintentional-that face public health departments in their efforts to enhance public health readiness and response. As an integral component of homeland security in the post-11 September environment, the public health infrastructure faces new and significant challenges of recognizing and responding to Article | Haddon matrix and public health response planning Environmental Health Perspectives • VOLUME 113 | NUMBER 5 | May 2005 563 a broad range of intentional and naturally occurring large-scale threats.
    keywords: emergency; event; haddon; haddon matrix; health; matrix; preparedness; public; readiness; response; sars
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        item: #2781 of 5187
          id: cord-307406-59yh48tt
      author: de Loyola, Mariana Braccialli
       title: Alpha‐1‐antitrypsin: A possible host protective factor against Covid‐19
        date: 2020-08-26
       words: 5791
      flesch: 38
     summary: In addition, clinical findings indicate that A1AT levels might be important in defining Covid‐19 outcomes, potentially partially explaining associations with air pollution and with diabetes. [4] [5] [6] Moreover, recent data indicate that lower IL-6:A1AT levels are related to worse prognosis in This review addresses the interplay between A1AT, TMPRSS2, ADAM17, and inflammatory molecules during SARS-CoV-2 infection with the aim of identifying new avenues for effective treatments against Covid-19.
    keywords: ace2; adam17; antitrypsin; cells; cov-2; covid-19; infection; levels; lung; patients; protein; pulmonary; sars; tmprss2; tnf
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        item: #2782 of 5187
          id: cord-307436-qcdlcxyb
      author: Bui, L. V.
       title: Estimation of the incubation period of SARS-CoV-2 in Vietnam
        date: 2020-05-15
       words: 2470
      flesch: 48
     summary: Second, the number of patients included in the analysis is small, possibly explaining the wider range of estimated incubation period. We used three parametric forms with Hamiltonian Monte Carlo method for Bayesian Inference to estimate incubation period for Vietnamese COVID-19 cases.
    keywords: incubation; license; medrxiv; period; preprint
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        item: #2783 of 5187
          id: cord-307460-v6xgkg1p
      author: Hsu, Yu-Lung
       title: Temperature and the difference in impact of SARS CoV-2 infection (COVID-19) between tropical and non-tropical regions in Taiwan
        date: 2020-06-13
       words: 221
      flesch: -1
     summary: This is because countries greatly 34 differ with respect to population density, disease burden, health care quality, infection control Coronaviruses -drug discovery and 40 therapeutic options Stability of SARS coronavirus in human specimens and 42 environment and its sensitivity to heating and UV irradiation Epidemiology and clinical 45 presentations of the four human coronaviruses 229E, HKU1, NL63, and OC43 detected over 46 3 years using a novel multiplex real-time PCR method The pediatric burden of human coronaviruses 49 evaluated for twenty years Coronaviruses in the Pediatric Population All coauthors contributed to study design Hsu 57 and Hsiao-Chuan Lin interpreted data We declare that all authors have no competing interests Distribution of COVID-19 patients around the world 64 Distribution of local cases of COVID-19 in Taiwan key: cord-307460-v6xgkg1p authors: Hsu, Yu-Lung; Lin, Hsiao-Chuan; Wei, Hsiu-Mei; Lai, Huan-Cheng; Hwang, Kao-Pin title: Temperature and the difference in impact of SARS CoV-2 infection (COVID-19) between tropical and non-tropical regions in Taiwan date: 2020-06-13 journal: Travel Med Infect Dis DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101790 sha: doc_id: 307460 cord_uid: v6xgkg1p nan Therefore, we believe that, all things being equal, the transmission of SARS CoV-2 differs 32 between tropical and non-tropical regions.
    keywords: covid-19
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        item: #2784 of 5187
          id: cord-307463-bheq9p5w
      author: Rödel, Franz
       title: Low-dose radiation therapy for COVID-19 pneumopathy: what is the evidence?
        date: 2020-05-09
       words: 2009
      flesch: 36
     summary: This review on 15 reports covers 863 patients with severe pneumonia of K different pathogeneses, including two studies of viral origin treated with low doses of kilovoltage X-rays. Another point to consider is that low doses of irradiation in the infected lungs, even at doses up to 0.5 Gy, are expected to induce a low number of RNA damage events and mutations in the virus and be of a low selective pressure.
    keywords: dose; patients; pneumonia; radiation; sars; treatment
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        item: #2785 of 5187
          id: cord-307489-2liu4anc
      author: Elavia, Nasha
       title: An Atypical Presentation of Acute Pulmonary Embolism With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Pneumonia
        date: 2020-05-23
       words: 1322
      flesch: 36
     summary: In the light of significant discrepancy between severe hypoxia and the absence of respiratory symptoms or a respiratory viral syndrome, a pulmonary CT angiogram (CTA) was performed, which confirmed acute bilateral PE extending from the distal right main pulmonary artery into all right lobes along with patchy ground-glass opacities consistent with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia (Figure 1 ). Here, we would like to describe a case of acute bilateral pulmonary embolism (PE) presenting with atypical gastrointestinal symptoms in a patient with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
    keywords: cov-2; patients; sars; syndrome
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        item: #2786 of 5187
          id: cord-307490-b4un4703
      author: Chan, Sophia S.C.
       title: Improving older adults’ knowledge and practice of preventive measures through a telephone health education during the SARS epidemic in Hong Kong: A pilot study
        date: 2007-09-30
       words: 3759
      flesch: 45
     summary: Empirical evidence on the effectiveness of telephone health education among older adults with minimal or no formal education is lacking. This is the first systematic study to assess the effectiveness of delivering telephone health education to older adults during the outbreak of SARS in Hong Kong.
    keywords: adults; education; health; knowledge; kong; measures; sars; telephone
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        item: #2787 of 5187
          id: cord-307502-vuju89lc
      author: Leipe, J.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 & Rheuma: Konsequenzen der SARS-CoV-2-Pandemie für Patienten mit entzündlich rheumatischen Erkrankungen. Ein Vergleich der Handlungsempfehlungen rheumatologischer Fachgesellschaften und Risikobewertung verschiedener antirheumatischer Therapien
        date: 2020-08-26
       words: 1866
      flesch: 32
     summary: Therapie kein Risiko für einen schweren Verlauf von COVID-19 bei Ob sich möglicherweise sogar günstige Effekte von Glukokortikoiden, bDMARDs und tsDMARDs auf den Verlauf von COVID-19 bei
    keywords: bei; cov-2; covid-19; der; dgrh; die; diseases; für; mit; patienten; patients; sars; und; update; von
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        item: #2788 of 5187
          id: cord-307504-cogk5kig
      author: Zhu, Yuanmei
       title: Design of potent membrane fusion inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2, an emerging coronavirus with high fusogenic activity
        date: 2020-03-28
       words: 1956
      flesch: 32
     summary: Can Interact with 494 the N-Terminal Structural and functional 497 characterization of HIV-1 cell fusion inhibitor T20 A Novel Coronavirus from 339 Patients with Pneumonia in China Coronaviruses post-SARS: update on replication and pathogenesis Structure, Function, and Evolution of Coronavirus Spike Proteins Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation Structure, Function, and 346 Antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein Receptor Recognition by the Novel Coronavirus from 348 Wuhan: an Analysis Based on Decade-Long Structural Studies of SARS Coronavirus Tectonic conformational 350 changes of a coronavirus spike glycoprotein promote membrane fusion Interaction between heptad repeat 1 and 2 regions in spike protein of SARS-associated coronavirus: 354 implications for virus fusogenic mechanism and identification of fusion inhibitors
    keywords: cell; coronavirus; cov-2; fusion; protein; sars
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        item: #2789 of 5187
          id: cord-307536-qeo5dfxg
      author: Feng, Ye
       title: Multi-epitope vaccine design using an immunoinformatics approach for 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2)
        date: 2020-06-30
       words: 1000
      flesch: 50
     summary: In this study, we performed an in silico approach to identify the antigenic B-cell epitopes and human-leukocyte-antigen (HLA) restricted T-cell epitopes, and designed a panel of multi-epitope peptide vaccines. This study screened antigenic B-cell and T-cell epitopes in all encoded proteins of SARS-CoV-2, and further designed multi-epitope based peptide vaccine against viral structural proteins.
    keywords: cell; epitopes; peptides
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        item: #2790 of 5187
          id: cord-307556-k2lavvca
      author: Jang, Hongje
       title: Discovery of Hepatitis C Virus NS3 Helicase Inhibitors by a Multiplexed, High‐Throughput Helicase Activity Assay Based on Graphene Oxide
        date: 2013-02-18
       words: 2998
      flesch: 46
     summary: Herein, we developed a multiplexed helicase assay based on graphene oxide (GO) for high-throughput screening of inhibitors of HCV NS3 helicase and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS CoV) helicase. [10] Herein, we show that the GOHA can be used for measuring the activities of HCV NS3 helicase and SARS CoV helicase in a single mixed solution using two distinct DNA substrates tethered to different fluorophores, and furthermore, for multiplexed high-throughput screening to discover highly selective small-molecule inhibitors of these helicases ( Figure 1 ).
    keywords: cov; hcv; helicase; inhibitors; ns3; sars
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        item: #2791 of 5187
          id: cord-307596-0bbxyyea
      author: Parhar, Harman S.
       title: Topical preparations to reduce SARS‐CoV‐2 aerosolization in head and neck mucosal surgery
        date: 2020-04-25
       words: 2380
      flesch: 30
     summary: [30] Fortunately, PVP-I also exhibits the least ototoxicity of topical preparation solutions and is safe to use as an ophthalmic preparation agent (1%-5%), which is relevant to head and neck procedure that involves or exposes the skull base otologic or orbital apparatuses. From a safety perspective, it has been tolerated for use in the upper airway as has been demonstrated in numerous human studies.
    keywords: activity; iodine; patients; pvp; sars; studies
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        item: #2792 of 5187
          id: cord-307605-8zgyar7e
      author: Klimek, Ludger
       title: Management von Anaphylaxie-gefährdeten Patienten während der Covid-19-Pandemie: Ein Positionspapier des Ärzteverbandes Deutscher Allergologen (AeDA)A, der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Allergologie und klinische Immunologie (DGAKI)B, der Gesellschaft für Pädiatrische Allergologie und Umweltmedizin (GPA)C und des Deutschen Allergie- und Asthmabundes (DAAB)D
        date: 2020-11-09
       words: 3759
      flesch: 29
     summary: AeDA, DGAKI, GPA und DAAB werden die Situation weiterhin genau beobachten und empfehlen, für alle Diagnose-und Behandlungsmaßnahmen die Empfehlungen und Leitlinien des Robert-Koch-Instituts (RKI), Für diesen Fall sollten die Patienten eine ausreichende Notfallmedikation erhalten und bereits vorab für diese Situation geschult werden
    keywords: adrenalin; als; anaphylaxie; auch; auf; bei; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; das; dass; der; des; die; durch; eine; für; infektion; ist; mit; oder; pandemie; patienten; sars; sind; sollte; und; von; werden; während; zur
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        item: #2793 of 5187
          id: cord-307653-nyr6mtj1
      author: Palmeira, Patricia
       title: Why is SARS-CoV-2 infection milder among children?
        date: 2020-05-11
       words: 3461
      flesch: 22
     summary: The Facts During the Third Epidemic COVID-19 in posttransplant patients-report of 2 cases Clinical course of COVID-19 in a series of patients with chronic arthritis treated with immunosuppressive targeted therapies Breadth of concomitant immune responses prior to patient recovery: a case report of non-severe COVID-19 Potent and persistent antibody responses against the receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV spike protein in recovered patients Hypothesis for potential pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection-a review of immune changes in patients with viral pneumonia A systematic review of antibody mediated immunity to coronaviruses: antibody kinetics, correlates of protection, and association of antibody responses with severity of disease A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Adaptive immune responses to primary and secondary dengue virus infections Antibodydependent enhancement of SARS coronavirus infection and its role in the pathogenesis of SARS Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: a rare diagnosis, an even rarer opportunity to appraise our understanding of the immune system Performance of current guidelines for diagnosis of macrophage activation syndrome complicating systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis Macrophage activation syndrome: A severe and frequent manifestation of acute pancreatitis in 362 childhood-onset compared to 1830 adult-onset systemic lupus erythematosus patients Development and initial validation of the MS score for diagnosis of macrophage activation syndrome in systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis Refined characterization and reference values of the pediatric T-and B-cell compartments Correlation between universal BCG vaccination policy and reduced morbidity and mortality for COVID-19: an epidemiological study Non-specific effects of BCG vaccine on viral infections CD4 T-cell-mediated heterologous immunity between mycobacteria and poxviruses BCG Vaccination Enhances the Immunogenicity of Subsequent Influenza Vaccination in Healthy Volunteers: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Study Bacille Calmette-Guerin induces NOD2-dependent nonspecific protection from reinfection via epigenetic reprogramming of monocytes BCG Vaccination Protects against Experimental Viral Infection in Humans through the Induction of COVID-19 and Kawasaki Disease: Novel Virus and Novel Case Epidemiology and transmission of COVID-19 in 391 cases and 1286 of their close contacts in Shenzhen, China: a retrospective cohort study This is relevant because other clinical studies indicate that COVID-19 patients have lymphocytopenia with high levels of several cytokines and chemokines, such as G-CSF, IP-10, MCP-1, MIP-1a, and TNF-a (48, 49) .
    keywords: ace2; angiotensin; children; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; patients; sars
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        item: #2794 of 5187
          id: cord-307671-f9l2l8fi
      author: Said, Mohammed
       title: The Forgotten Element in the Resumption of Elective Bariatric Surgery During the COVID-19 Pandemic: the Patient Consent!
        date: 2020-09-19
       words: 2201
      flesch: 35
     summary: These recommendations included a risk-stratified triaging system to prioritize tiers of bariatric patients. This study presents a survey of 266 bariatric candidates who were rescheduled for bariatric surgery after postponement during the COVID-19 pandemic.
    keywords: covid-19; infection; pandemic; surgery
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        item: #2795 of 5187
          id: cord-307701-fujejfwb
      author: Gaurav, Shubham
       title: Identification of unique mutations in SARS-CoV-2 strains isolated from India suggests its attenuated pathotype
        date: 2020-06-07
       words: 2076
      flesch: 49
     summary: Studies on SARS-CoV-2 are being carried out at an unprecedented rate to tackle this threat. Our results corroborate with the earlier reported 29-nucleotide deletion in SARS, which was frequent during the early stage of human-to-human transmission.
    keywords: cov-2; genome; mutation; protein; sars; structure
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        item: #2796 of 5187
          id: cord-307702-n74wvika
      author: Durant, Thomas J S
       title: Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Laboratory Utilization
        date: 2020-07-14
       words: 2818
      flesch: 35
     summary: We performed a retrospective assessment of laboratory test order and specimen container utilization at a single, urban tertiary care medical center. We performed a retrospective assessment of laboratory test order and specimen container utilization at a single, urban tertiary care medical center.
    keywords: covid-19; laboratory; pandemic; pcr; testing; tests; utilization; volume
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        item: #2797 of 5187
          id: cord-307770-1igydu3y
      author: Rawson, Timothy M
       title: Bacterial and fungal co-infection in individuals with coronavirus: A rapid review to support COVID-19 antimicrobial prescribing
        date: 2020-05-02
       words: 2999
      flesch: 34
     summary: [42] Procalcitonin has been demonstrated to support differentiation between bacterial and viral infection and supports early cessation of antibiotics in confirmed bacterial infection with no effect on patient mortality. With medication shortages, including key antimicrobials, being a concern across areas currently affected by the pandemic, [45, 46] judicious use of antimicrobials will be vital to ensure access to therapy by those with confirmed bacterial infection.
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; infection; patients; respiratory
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        item: #2798 of 5187
          id: cord-307811-6e3j0pn7
      author: Hao, Wei
       title: Binding of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein to Glycans
        date: 2020-07-02
       words: 5709
      flesch: 47
     summary: Binding of the subunits and S proteins of SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV to a HS microarray. Additionally, we found that the binding preferences of the RBDs, S1 subunits and full-length S proteins of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV are similar to those of the subunits and S protein of SARS-CoV-2, although small differences are observed (Fig.
    keywords: acid; binding; cell; cov-2; microarray; protein; sars; sulfate; surface; virus
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        item: #2799 of 5187
          id: cord-307815-reg04lpt
      author: Brancatella, Alessandro
       title: Is subacute thyroiditis an underestimated manifestation of SARS-CoV-2 infection? Insights from a case series
        date: 2020-08-11
       words: 2298
      flesch: 52
     summary: At last evaluation (on May 10 th ), while taking prednisone 15 mg/d, patient was asymptomatic and thyroid function tests and inflammatory markers were in the normal range (Table 1) . At last evaluation (on June 10 th ), patient was asymptomatic and inflammatory markers were in the normal range.
    keywords: cov-2; patients; sars; sat
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        item: #2800 of 5187
          id: cord-307842-7q2jd0mf
      author: Fox, Alisa
       title: Robust and specific secretory IgA against SARS-CoV-2 detected in human milk
        date: 2020-10-26
       words: 472
      flesch: 40
     summary: Here, milk samples from 8 COVID-19-recovered and 7 COVID-19-suspected donors were tested for antibody (Ab) binding to the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein. Milk samples were initially evaluated for IgA binding reactivity by human IgA-specific ELISA to the 88 full trimeric SARS-CoV-2 Spike (Fig. 1) .
    keywords: milk; samples
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        item: #2801 of 5187
          id: cord-307853-m1q1sjr4
      author: Majumder, Satyabrata
       title: Exploring the intrinsic dynamics of SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV spike glycoprotein through normal mode analysis using anisotropic network model
        date: 2020-10-16
       words: 3051
      flesch: 48
     summary: Detailed domain-wise motion, atomic fluctuation data and quantitative comparison between S protein structures of the mentioned viruses will aid in identifying common potential drug binding hotspots in the receptor binding domain of the protein which will guide in designing common inhibitor or modified version of these molecules through structure-based approach. As a large part of this study is involved in the comparative analysis purposes, we have discarded part of the S2 region of S protein of all viral strains so that each protein model has equal number of Cα atoms (1087 in all three chains).
    keywords: cov; cov-2; dynamics; protein; receptor; sars; spike; state
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        item: #2802 of 5187
          id: cord-307858-274a699i
      author: Hotez, Peter J.
       title: COVID-19 vaccines: neutralizing antibodies and the alum advantage
        date: 2020-06-04
       words: 1336
      flesch: 30
     summary: key: cord-307858-274a699i authors: Hotez, Peter J.; Corry, David B.; Strych, Ulrich; Bottazzi, Maria Elena title: COVID-19 vaccines: neutralizing antibodies and the alum advantage date: 2020-06-04 journal: Aluminium offers promise as a key adjuvant for COVID-19 vaccines comprised of traditional inactivated viruses and recombinant proteins.
    keywords: aluminium; covid-19; sars; vaccine
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        item: #2803 of 5187
          id: cord-307860-iqk1yiw4
      author: Ionescu, Mihaela Ileana
       title: An Overview of the Crystallized Structures of the SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-10-24
       words: 9884
      flesch: 50
     summary: The role of programmed-1 ribosomal frameshifting in coronavirus propagation The proteins of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2 or n-COV19), the Cause of COVID-19 From SARS to MERS: crystallographic studies on coronaviral proteases enable antiviral drug design Variable oligomerization modes in coronavirus non-structural protein 9 Dimerization of coronavirus nsp9 with diverse modes enhances its nucleic acid binding affinity Porcine deltacoronavirus nsp15 antagonizes interferon-beta production independently of its endoribonuclease activity Structural and biochemical characterization of endoribonuclease Nsp15 encoded by middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus Crystal structure of Nsp15 endoribonuclease NendoU from SARS-CoV -2 Biophysical methods in early drug discovery Pathogens Nonstructural proteins 7 and 8 of feline coronavirus form a 2:1 heterotrimer that exhibits primer-independent RNA polymerase activity The SARS-coronavirus nsp7+nsp8 complex is a unique multimeric RNA polymerase capable of both de novo initiation and primer extension Structure of the SARS-CoV nsp12 polymerase bound to nsp7 and nsp8 co-factors Therapeutic efficacy of the small molecule GS-5734 against Ebola virus in rhesus monkeys Broad-spectrum antiviral GS-5734 inhibits both epidemic and zoonotic coronaviruses Remdesivir is a direct-acting antiviral that inhibits RNA-dependent RNA polymerase from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 with high potency Coronavirus susceptibility to the antiviral remdesivir (GS-5734) is mediated by the viral polymerase and the proofreading exoribonuclease The antiviral compound remdesivir potently inhibits RNAdependent RNA polymerase from Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Remdesivir for COVID-19: challenges of underpowered studies RNA 3′-end mismatch excision by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus nonstructural protein nsp10/nsp14 exoribonuclease complex Mechanism of inhibition of ebola virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase by remdesivir Bat flight and zoonotic viruses Analysis of coronavirus temperature-sensitive mutants reveals an interplay between the macrodomain and papain-like protease impacting replication and pathogenesis Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus papain-like novel protease inhibitors: design, synthesis, protein-ligand X-ray structure and biological evaluation A noncovalent class of papain-like protease/deubiquitinase inhibitors blocks SARS virus replication Biochemical and immunological studies of nucleocapsid proteins of severe acute respiratory syndrome and 229E human coronaviruses Structural basis for the identification of the N-terminal domain of coronavirus nucleocapsid protein as an antiviral target A pan-coronavirus fusion inhibitor targeting the HR1 domain of human coronavirus spike Structure, function, and evolution of coronavirus spike proteins Entry of human coronavirus NL63 into the cell Molecular basis of binding between novel human coronavirus MERS-CoV and its receptor CD26 Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 is a functional receptor for the emerging human coronavirus-EMC Reverse genetics with a full-length infectious cDNA of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Host cell proteases: critical determinants of coronavirus tropism and pathogenesis SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor Cell entry mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 TMPRSS2: a potential target for treatment of influenza virus and coronavirus infections X-ray structures of human furin in complex with competitive inhibitors Novel furin inhibitors with potent anti-infectious activity The biology and therapeutic targeting of the proprotein convertases Potential therapeutic targeting of coronavirus spike glycoprotein priming Structural basis of receptor recognition by SARS-CoV-2 Structure of SARS coronavirus spike receptor-binding domain complexed with receptor A 193-amino acid fragment of the SARS coronavirus S protein efficiently binds angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 CD209L (L-SIGN) is a receptor for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Activation of the SARS coronavirus spike protein via sequential proteolytic cleavage at two distinct sites Computational prediction of furin cleavage sites by a hybrid method and understanding mechanism underlying diseases The D614G mutation in the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein reduces S1 shedding and increases infectivity Evidence for mutations in SARS-CoV-2 Italian isolates potentially affecting virus transmission The Spike D614G mutation increases SARS-CoV-2 infection of multiple human cell types Interaction of ACE2 and integrin beta1 in failing human heart Focus on receptors for coronaviruses with special reference to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 as a potential drug target -a perspective SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 is an interferon-stimulated gene in human airway epithelial cells and is detected in specific cell subsets across tissues A protein complex in the brush-border membrane explains a Hartnup disorder allele Further evidence for allelic heterogeneity in Hartnup disorder Tissue-specific amino acid transporter partners ACE2 and collectrin differentially interact with hartnup mutations Molecular basis for the interaction of the mammalian amino acid transporters B0AT1 and B0AT3 with their ancillary protein collectrin Expression and regulation of the neutral amino acid transporter B0AT1 in rat small intestine Epidermal growth factor receptor is a co-factor for transmissible gastroenteritis virus entry The human coronavirus HCoV-229E S-protein structure and receptor binding CD13 (human aminopeptidase N) mediates human cytomegalovirus infection Structure of the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain bound to the ACE2 receptor COVID-19, an emerging coronavirus infection: advances and prospects in designing and developing vaccines, immunotherapeutics, and therapeutics.
    keywords: ace2; antibodies; binding; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; covs; host; human; inhibitors; pdb; pro; protease; protein; receptor; rna; sars; spike; structures; studies
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        item: #2804 of 5187
          id: cord-307885-butuv3n1
      author: Galvani, Alison P.
       title: Emerging Infections: What Have We Learned from SARS?
        date: 2004-07-17
       words: 1196
      flesch: 33
     summary: The role of evolution in the emergence of infectious diseases Infectious disease dynamics: what characterizes a successful invader? The outcome of this new authority will depend on integrating the expertise of public health officials, medical doctors, and epidemiologists worldwide with guidance from disease transmission models.
    keywords: control; disease; health; outbreak; sars
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        item: #2805 of 5187
          id: cord-307932-7t41wvw3
      author: Guo, Xiaoqin
       title: Long-Term Persistence of IgG Antibodies in SARS-CoV Infected Healthcare Workers
        date: 2020-02-14
       words: 1858
      flesch: 51
     summary: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.12.20021386 doi: medRxiv preprint The severe acute respiratory syndrome Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with 302 severe acute respiratory syndrome Spatial pattern of severe acute respiratory syndrome in-out flow 304 in 2003 in Mainland China Coronavirus respiratory illness in Saudi Arabia Prevalence of IgG antibody to SARS-associated coronavirus in 308 animal traders Heroes of SARS: professional roles and ethics of health care workers Anti-SARS-CoV immunoglobulin G in healthcare workers China's latest SARS outbreak has been contained Canadian officials watch SARS-like mystery bug Isolation and characterization of viruses related to the SARS 318 coronavirus from animals in southern China Isolation and characterization of a bat SARS-like coronavirus that 320 uses the ACE2 receptor Structure of SARS coronavirus spike receptor-binding 324 domain complexed with receptor Isolation of a novel 326 coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia Human infection with MERS coronavirus after exposure 328 to infected camels, Saudi Arabia Longitudinal profiles of immunoglobulin G antibodies against severe 330 acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus components and neutralizing activities in recovered patients Two-year prospective study of the humoral immune response 333 of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome A three-year follow-up study on sera specific antibody in severe 335 acute respiratory syndrome cases after the onset of illness Disappearance of antibodies to 338 SARS-associated coronavirus after recovery . The ongoing worldwide outbreak of the 2019-nCoV is markedly similar to the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak 17 years ago.
    keywords: license; medrxiv; perpetuity; preprint
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        item: #2806 of 5187
          id: cord-307942-t8165mdx
      author: Zwald, Marissa L.
       title: Rapid Sentinel Surveillance for COVID-19 — Santa Clara County, California, March 2020
        date: 2020-04-10
       words: 1621
      flesch: 37
     summary: This sentinel surveillance system helped confirm community transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Santa Clara County. This sentinel surveillance system helped confirm community transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Santa Clara County.
    keywords: community; county; cov-2; covid-19
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        item: #2807 of 5187
          id: cord-308021-cnf4xljc
      author: Kohns Vasconcelos, Malte
       title: SARS-CoV-2 testing and infection control strategies in European paediatric emergency departments during the first wave of the pandemic
        date: 2020-10-13
       words: 1984
      flesch: 42
     summary: The current understanding of COVID-19 in paediatric patients is that children more often have mild disease compared to adults [3, 4] . By the end of February 2020, all hospitals had implemented standardised case definitions for suspected COVID-19 cases, with the majority (16 out of 21 participating at that point in time, 76%) following national government or public health authority guidelines and three directly following WHO guidelines.
    keywords: covid-19; infection; paediatric; patients; sites; testing
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        item: #2808 of 5187
          id: cord-308066-lrbi5198
      author: Childs, James E.
       title: Pre-spillover Prevention of Emerging Zoonotic Diseases: What Are the Targets and What Are the Tools?
        date: 2007
       words: 15706
      flesch: 21
     summary: In a matter of weeks, investigators confirmed the disease was clinically distinct from Eurasian disease (Moolenaar et al. 1995) , that the etiologic agent was a new Hantavirus , Sin Nombre virus (Nichol et al. 1993) , and the reservoir host (H R ; for definition of terminology see the chapter by Childs et al., this volume) was a species of New World rodent, Peromyscus maniculatus (Childs et al. 1994) . For example, the H R s for influenza A subtype H5NI are among wild waterfowl and shorebirds, and perhaps other avian types, although, domestic chickens and other poultry serve as both the first secondary host (H S1 ) or intermediate host (H I )(see the chapter by Childs et al., this volume, for description of terms) and can develop as a novel H R (see the chapter by Webby et al., this volume).
    keywords: animal; chapter; control; culling; data; disease; et al; h5n1; health; human; infection; influenza; new; outbreak; population; prevention; public; rabies; risk; sars; species; spread; states; surveillance; system; transmission; united; vaccine; virus; viruses; volume; wildlife; zoonotic
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        item: #2809 of 5187
          id: cord-308071-1bk3xuwf
      author: Lang, Christian
       title: Lung transplantation for COVID-19-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome in a PCR-positive patient
        date: 2020-08-25
       words: 2438
      flesch: 38
     summary: 11, 12 The case we present here extends the reports from China by showing that lung transplantation can be done in patients with positive RT-PCR results, provided that Vero cell cultures confirm non-infectivity. 15 As donor organs are a scarce resource, it is important to consider lung transplantation only for patients with irreversibly damaged lungs.
    keywords: covid-19; day; lung; patient; pcr; sars; transplantation
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        item: #2810 of 5187
          id: cord-308075-1ftswsm8
      author: Segura, Patricia Sanz
       title: Involvement of the digestive system in COVID-19. A review
        date: 2020-10-09
       words: 4834
      flesch: 36
     summary: Epub ahead of print Air surface environmental, and personal protective equipment contamination by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) from a symptomatic patient Gastrointestinal symptoms of 95 cases with SARS-CoV-2 infection First case of 2019 novel coronavirus in the United States Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with digestive symptoms in Hubei, China: A descriptive, cross-sectional multicenter study Prevalence and characteristics of gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection in the United States: A multicenter cohort study. In the latest update, of 12 May 2020, the controlled cohort was 491 patients; up to that date, notably, there was a 36% mortality rate in patients with cirrhosis ----much higher than the mortality rate in other patients with non-cirrhosis chronic liver disease (7%) and that in patients with a liver transplant (20%).
    keywords: cases; covid-19; disease; endoscopy; infection; liver; patients; risk; sars; studies; symptoms
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        item: #2811 of 5187
          id: cord-308077-hbxpn5a1
      author: Siepmann, Timo
       title: Variability of symptoms in neuralgic amyotrophy following infection with SARS‐CoV‐2
        date: 2020-10-01
       words: 494
      flesch: 37
     summary: The report of Cacciavillani and colleagues contributes to the discussion of the possibility of peripheral nerve involvement in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-1 9) and adds to our observation of neuralgic amyotrophy following infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, our patient as well the patient reported by Cacciavillani and colleagues presented with symptoms of peripheral nerve involvement without any signs of CNS damage.
    keywords: covid-19; sars
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        item: #2812 of 5187
          id: cord-308080-1heu9vuv
      author: Simulundu, Edgar
       title: First COVID-19 Case in Zambia – Comparative phylogenomic analyses of SARS-CoV-2 detected in African countries
        date: 2020-10-06
       words: 1714
      flesch: 40
     summary: Ethical review and approval to publish: Ethical approval for case study and phylogenomic sequencing, and publication of this case study was obtained from the University of Zambia positive only in the case under study. Whilst African countries were relatively spared initially, the initial low incidence of COVID-19 cases was not sustained for long due to continuing travel links between China, Europe and Africa..
    keywords: africa; case; cov-2; covid-19; sars; zambia
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        item: #2813 of 5187
          id: cord-308093-m40czdsr
      author: Matthews, M. M.
       title: COVID-19 serological survey using micro blood sampling
        date: 2020-10-13
       words: 3550
      flesch: 52
     summary: We used a FDA-authorized 2-step ELISA protocol developed by the Krammer Lab in combination with at-home self-collection of blood samples using a custom low-cost finger prick-based capillary blood collection kit. with at-home self-collection of blood samples using a custom low-cost finger prick-based 23 capillary blood collection kit.
    keywords: author; funder; license; medrxiv; medrxiv preprint; october; peer; preprint; review
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        item: #2814 of 5187
          id: cord-308100-tvk47fd7
      author: Soetikno, Roy
       title: Considerations in performing endoscopy during the COVID-19 pandemic
        date: 2020-03-27
       words: 2712
      flesch: 51
     summary: Additional care must be instituted when handling blood samples or specimens because the virus has been detected in the blood of COVID-19 patients. Science Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan Suggestions of Infection Prevention and Control in Digestive Endoscopy During Current 2019-nCoV Pneumonia Outbreak in Wuhan COVID-19) outbreak: what the department of endoscopy should know Recommendations for the prevention of transmission of SARS during GI endoscopy Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with digestive symptoms in Hubei, China: a descriptive, cross-sectional, multicenter study.
    keywords: covid-19; endoscopy; infection; patients; ppe; sars; use
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        item: #2815 of 5187
          id: cord-308110-cco3aq4n
      author: Okamoto, Mika
       title: The chemokine receptor antagonist cenicriviroc inhibits the replication of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro
        date: 2020-07-30
       words: 2698
      flesch: 43
     summary: In this study, CVC was examined for its inhibitory effect on the replication of SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19, in cell cultures and found to be a selective inhibitor of the virus. More recently, the anti-parasitic agent ivermectin has been shown to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication in cell cultures (Caly et al., 2020) .
    keywords: cells; cvc; replication; sars; virus
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        item: #2816 of 5187
          id: cord-308123-eu0azqfu
      author: Lee, Yun Young
       title: Long-acting nanoparticulate DNase-1 for effective suppression of SARS-CoV-2-mediated neutrophil activities and cytokine storm
        date: 2020-10-23
       words: 5029
      flesch: 47
     summary: To further support the acting of long acting DNase-1 on the lungs, we evaluated the biodistribution of nanoparticulate DNase-1 (Fig. S5) . Differences were also observed for DNase-1 levels among the groups.
    keywords: acting; cov-2; covid-19; dnase-1; fig; levels; neutrophil; patients; sars; sepsis; treatment
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        item: #2817 of 5187
          id: cord-308142-3x3n6cpt
      author: Lee, Nelson
       title: Chikungunya Fever, Hong Kong
        date: 2006-11-17
       words: 1723
      flesch: 41
     summary: In the Genome microevolution of chikungunya viruses causing the Indian Ocean outbreak Tracking the re-emergence of epidemic chikungunya virus in Indonesia Principles and practice of clinical virology Plasma inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in severe acute respiratory syndrome Characterization of cytokine/ chemokine profiles of severe acute respiratory syndrome Re-emergence of fatal human influenza A subtype H5N1 disease Systemic host inflammatory and coagulation response in the Dengue virus primoinfection Elevated plasma interleukin-10 levels in acute dengue correlate with disease severity In vitro inhibition of Chikungunya and Semliki Forest viruses replication by antiviral compounds: synergistic effect of interferon-alpha and ribavirin combination Randomized, placebo-controlled trial of nonpegylated and pegylated forms of recombinant human alpha interferon 2a for suppression of dengue virus viremia in rhesus monkeys Serum specimens taken on days 2 and 6 were positive for chikungunya virus RNA by in-house reverse transcription (RT)-PCR at the Public Health Laboratory Service (PHLS) (targeting the nonstructural protein-1
    keywords: chikungunya; infections; laboratory; results; sars; testing
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        item: #2818 of 5187
          id: cord-308224-cqi1x92w
      author: Wu, Lianhua
       title: Clinical study on the related markers of blood coagulation in the patients with ANFH after SARS
        date: 2007-10-01
       words: 1635
      flesch: 51
     summary: They conducted a study on blood coagulation function of SARS patients and found that PT, APTT prolonged remarkablely and Fbg had a significant rise during the acute stage of episode, but became normal three months after the disease was cured. key: cord-308224-cqi1x92w authors: Wu, Lianhua; Gao, Chunjin; Wang, Guozhong; Yang, Lin; Hou, Xiaomin; Ge, Huan; Xia, Chengqing; Qi, Man title: Clinical study on the related markers of blood coagulation in the patients with ANFH after SARS date: 2007-10-01 journal:
    keywords: blood; coagulation; patients; platelet
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        item: #2819 of 5187
          id: cord-308231-1t70vkxm
      author: Childs, S. J.
       title: Could Deficiencies in South African Data Be the Explanation for Its Early SARS-CoV-2 Peak?
        date: 2020-09-02
       words: 3167
      flesch: 60
     summary: This research attempts to reconcile the observed peak in South African infections with the thresholds predicted by lockdown regimes similar to the one in force at the time. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.31.20185108 doi: medRxiv preprint data for the level-5 lockdown, the level-4 lockdown, the early level-3 lockdown and Sweden were already interpreted in [12] and may be found in Table 2 .
    keywords: data; lockdown; preprint; sars
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        item: #2820 of 5187
          id: cord-308234-4obggisp
      author: Ford, Nathan
       title: Systematic review of the efficacy and safety of antiretroviral drugs against SARS, MERS or COVID‐19: initial assessment
        date: 2020-04-15
       words: 2849
      flesch: 41
     summary: Timing, duration and dose of treatment varied, and in the majority of studies patients were provided with other Three studies reported a possible protective effect of LPV/r against coronavirus infection Three databases were screened from inception to 30 March 2020 for studies reporting clinical outcomes of patients with SARS, MERS or COVID‐19 treated with antiretrovirals.
    keywords: lpv; outcomes; patients; studies; treatment
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        item: #2821 of 5187
          id: cord-308252-qwoo7b1l
      author: Cardinale, Vincenzo
       title: Intestinal permeability changes with bacterial translocation as key events modulating systemic host immune response to SARS-CoV-2: A working hypothesis
        date: 2020-09-16
       words: 4606
      flesch: 30
     summary: As previously demonstrated in SARS-CoV-1, gastrointestinal manifestations are significant extrapulmonary complaints in Covid-19 patients [8] [9] [10] [11] . Covid-19 patients are at a high risk of both venous and arterial thromboembolism
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; damage; disease; gut; infection; liver; patients; response; sars; syndrome
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        item: #2822 of 5187
          id: cord-308256-jy20xtwx
      author: Wells, P. M.
       title: Estimates of the rate of infection and asymptomatic COVID-19 disease in a population sample from SE England
        date: 2020-07-30
       words: 4269
      flesch: 45
     summary: Symptom profiling included core COVID-19 symptoms and general symptoms, in addition to algorithm prediction of prior COVID-19. Of 48 seropositive individuals with full symptom data, nine (19%) were fully asymptomatic, and 16 (27%) were asymptomatic for core COVID-19 symptoms: fever, cough or anosmia.
    keywords: antibody; app; cov-2; covid-19; participants; preprint; sars; study; symptoms
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        item: #2823 of 5187
          id: cord-308279-gsk4qel5
      author: Suzuki, Yuichiro J.
       title: The viral protein fragment theory of COVID-19 pathogenesis
        date: 2020-09-11
       words: 1399
      flesch: 31
     summary: Thus, COVID-19 deaths of patients with cardiovascular co-comorbidity are due to the death of host cells as a consequence of the viral infection and replication as well as the spike protein fragment-mediated cell signaling in human host cardiovascular cells. Thus, the first experiments that are needed to test this hypothesis is to identify the regions of SARS CoV-2 spike protein that are responsible for activating cell signaling, perhaps by using cultured human cells.
    keywords: cov-2; protein; sars
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        item: #2824 of 5187
          id: cord-308288-3ewdy5l3
      author: Domingues, Renan Barros
       title: First case of SARS-COV-2 sequencing in cerebrospinal fluid of a patient with suspected demyelinating disease
        date: 2020-06-20
       words: 1165
      flesch: 42
     summary: One possibility is that SARS CoV-2 infection is more persistent in the CNS, since it is a more immunoprivileged site. A first case of meningitis/encephalitis associated with SARS-Coronavirus-2 Coronaviruses in brain tissue from patients with multiple sclerosis Acute and persistent infection of human neural cell lines by human coronavirus OC43 Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: 2017 revisions of the McDonald criteria Detection of antibodies to human coronaviruses 229E and OC43 in the sera of multiple sclerosis patients and normal subjects Long-term human coronavirus-myelin cross-reactive T-cell clones derived from multiple sclerosis patients Human coronaviruses: viral and cellular factors involved in neuroinvasiveness and neuropathogenesis Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection causes neuronal death in the absence of encephalitis in mice transgenic for human ACE2 Multiple organ infection and the pathogenesis of SARS Neuropathogenesis and neurologic manifestations of the coronaviruses in the age of coronavirus disease 2019: a review
    keywords: cns; csf; patient; sars
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        item: #2825 of 5187
          id: cord-308302-5yns1hg9
      author: Wu, Gang
       title: A prediction model of outcome of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia based on laboratory findings
        date: 2020-08-20
       words: 2969
      flesch: 45
     summary: The maximum relevance minimum redundancy (mRMR) algorithm and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator logistic regression model were used for selection of laboratory features. There were 16 patients who did not have the entire group of laboratory features, thus their data were deleted from the dataset.
    keywords: features; laboratory; model; non; patients; pneumonia; sars
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        item: #2826 of 5187
          id: cord-308310-wtmjt3hf
      author: Zha, Lisha
       title: Development of a COVID-19 vaccine based on the receptor binding domain displayed on virus-like particles
        date: 2020-05-14
       words: 2022
      flesch: 48
     summary: Unreacted SMPH and RBD proteins were removed using Amicon-Ultra 0.5, 100K (Merck-Millipore, Burlington, Mass). The coupling reactions were performed with 0.3x molar excess of RBD, 0.3x RBD, or equal molar amount of RBD regarding the CuMVTT (shaking at 23°C for 3 hours at 1200 rpm on DSG Titertek; Flow Laboratories, Irvine, United Kingdom).
    keywords: ace2; protein; rbd; sars; vaccine; virus
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        item: #2827 of 5187
          id: cord-308342-ycdok8fc
      author: Shutler, J.
       title: Risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection from contaminated water systems
        date: 2020-06-20
       words: 3149
      flesch: 45
     summary: While 42 evidence for SARS CoV-2 is limited, other human coronaviruses are documented to 43 survive in wastewater effluent 9 , with colder water temperature likely to increase survival 44 considerably 3 . https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.20133504 doi: medRxiv preprint water temperature, needed to calculate virus survivability, was calculated from a climate 266 quality global lake temperature dataset (see below).
    keywords: cov-2; license; preprint; sars; virus; water
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        item: #2828 of 5187
          id: cord-308356-ojx3tasi
      author: Schwarz, Silke
       title: Corona bei Kindern: Die Co-Ki Studie: Relevanz von SARS-CoV-2 in der ambulanten pädiatrischen Versorgung in Deutschland
        date: 2020-11-03
       words: 1264
      flesch: 55
     summary: Die Tatsache, dass alle 5 Fälle negativ für SARS-CoV-2 in der PCR getestet wurden, schließt nicht aus, dass sie mit SARS-CoV-2 assoziiert waren, da das Kawasaki-ähnliche Syndrom eine Späterscheinung zu sein scheint, also zu einem Zeitpunkt auftritt, bei dem die Antigene oft nicht mehr nachweisbar sind [12] . Hintergrund Die aktuelle Studienlage deutet darauf hin, dass Kinder und Jugendliche eine geringere Rate symptomatischer SARS-CoV-2-Infektionen (COVID-19) aufweisen als Erwachsene und mehrheitlich keine oder nur milde Symptome entwickeln
    keywords: bei; children; cov-2; covid-19; der; die; kinder; mit; sars; und
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        item: #2829 of 5187
          id: cord-308358-2bap7iih
      author: Friedland, Robert P
       title: The role for the metagenome in the pathogenesis of COVID-19
        date: 2020-10-07
       words: 1126
      flesch: 32
     summary: In a relatively short time, several major advances in the field led to the decoding of the viral genome, and modes of transmission, as well as mechanisms of immune response to the infection that mostly succeeds in clearance [2] . The intestinal microbiota fuelling metabolic inflammation Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia Microbiota-driven tonic interferon signals in lung stromal cells protect from influenza virus infection Commensal microbe-derived butyrate induces the differentiation of colonic regulatory T cells The gut microbiota plays a protective role in the host defence against pneumococcal pneumonia Microbiota-dependent signals are required to sustain TLR-mediated immune responses Targets of T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus in humans with COVID-19 disease and unexposed individuals Selective and cross-reactive SARS-CoV-2 T cell epitopes in unexposed humans The intermucosal connection between the mouth and gut in commensal pathobiont-driven colitis Dysbiosis in the gut, nose, oropharynx and lungs may initiate and worsen these pathogenic processes.
    keywords: covid-19; immune; microbiota; response
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        item: #2830 of 5187
          id: cord-308370-9av7qw10
      author: Islam, Rajib
       title: A molecular modeling approach to identify effective antiviral phytochemicals against the main protease of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-05-12
       words: 5705
      flesch: 43
     summary: The first principal component (PC1) shows 57% of the variability in ligand QSAR and 21% of the variation of ligand binding energy. In this study, a-ketoamide-11r is considered as a control ligand because it is recently reported as a good inhibitor against main protease , which shows binding affinity of -7.8 kcal/mol.
    keywords: analysis; baicalin; binding; complex; docking; drug; glucoside; ketoamide-11r; phytochemicals; protease; protein; sars
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        item: #2831 of 5187
          id: cord-308400-8wihm63b
      author: Kanellopoulou, A.
       title: Awareness, knowledge and trust in the Greek authorities towards COVID-19 pandemic: results from the Epirus Health Study cohort
        date: 2020-11-13
       words: 4428
      flesch: 47
     summary: The vast majority of study participants (98.4%) were 247 aware of the pandemic, although a significant difference was observed by gender as male participants 248 showed slightly smaller awareness (96.9% vs 99.4%, p-value=0.034). The majority of participants showed absolute or moderate trust in the Greek health authorities for the management of the epidemic (90.1%), as well as in the Greek Government (84.7%) and the official national sources of information (87.4%).
    keywords: author; covid-19; license; medrxiv; medrxiv preprint; participants; perpetuity; preprint
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        item: #2832 of 5187
          id: cord-308408-aciaj30k
      author: Paneesha, S.
       title: Covid-19 infection in therapy-naive patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia
        date: 2020-04-30
       words: 2078
      flesch: 57
     summary: Patients on watch and wait management represent a large percentage of CLL patients and these observations suggest that these groups should be very carefully monitored during the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and encouraged to continue self-isolating to limit exposure to viral infection. However, given that less than 5% of the UK population is believed to have become infected with the virus to date, these findings could represent a high degree of disease severity within CLL patients that do become infected.
    keywords: cll; count; infection; patients
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        item: #2833 of 5187
          id: cord-308424-crvnzr44
      author: Mascarenhas, Victor Hugo Alves
       title: Care recommendations for parturient and postpartum women and newborns during the COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review
        date: 2020-08-10
       words: 4499
      flesch: 36
     summary: Essential nutrition actions: improving maternal, newborn, infant and young child health and nutrition Q&A: COVID-19 and pregnancy and childbirth Dispõe sobre a adoção de medidas adicionais, de caráter temporário e emergencial, de prevenção de contágio pelo COVID-19 Guidance for conducting systematic scoping reviews Scoping studies: towards a methodological framework The Joanna Briggs Institute PRISMA Extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR): checklist and explanation Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and pregnancy: what obstetricians need to know Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and pregnancy Clinical manifestations and outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy Clinical features and obstetric and neonatal outcomes of pregnant patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan Expert consensus for managing pregnant women and neonates born to mothers with suspected or confirmed novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infection Experience of clinical management for pregnant women and newborns with novel coronavirus pneumonia in Tongji Hospital, China Safe delivery for COVID-19 infected pregnancies Pregnancy and perinatal outcomes of women with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pneumonia: a preliminary analysis Novel corona virus disease (COVID-19) in pregnancy: what clinical recommendations to follow? Safety and efficacy of different anesthetic regimens for parturients with COVID-19 undergoing cesarean delivery: a case series of 17 patients Impact of COVID-19 infection on pregnancy outcomes and the risk of maternalto-neonatal intrapartum transmission of COVID-19 during natural birth Clinical and CT imaging features of the COVID-19 pneumonia: focus on pregnant women and children Clinical analysis of 10 neonates born to mothers with 2019-nCoV pneumonia Novel coronavirus infection and pregnancy From the frontline of COVID-19 -how prepared are we as obstetricians: a commentary t i ve s concerning donor milk banking during the SARS-CoV-2 www COVID-19) pandemic Emergency cesarean section on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) confirmed patient Maternal deaths with Covid-19: a different outcome from mid to low resource countries? Coordenadoria de Controle de Doenças (CCD-SP). key: cord-308424-crvnzr44 authors: Mascarenhas, Victor Hugo Alves; Caroci-Becker, Adriana; Venâncio, Kelly Cristina Máxima Pereira; Baraldi, Nayara Girardi; Durkin, Adelaide Caroci; Riesco, Maria Luiza Gonzalez title: Care recommendations for parturient and postpartum women and newborns during the COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review date: 2020-08-10 journal:
    keywords: care; childbirth; cov-2; covid-19; health; infection; mothers; sars; women
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        item: #2834 of 5187
          id: cord-308428-zw26usmh
      author: Walter, Justin D.
       title: Highly potent bispecific sybodies neutralize SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-11-10
       words: 10557
      flesch: 48
     summary: Although the global resolution of the spike protein in complex with both sybodies is around 3 Å, the local resolution of the RBDs with bound sybodies was only in the range of 6-7 Å, presumably due to conformational flexibility (Fig. S6) . Loop 0.180 Phylogene c tree of RBD sybodies.
    keywords: ace2; binding; conformation; cov-2; cryo; data; fig; fusion; neutralization; protein; rbd; s-2p; sars; sb#15; sb#68; spike; sybodies; sybody
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        item: #2835 of 5187
          id: cord-308451-pmwmfl3w
      author: Chiang, Shu-Fen
       title: SARS spike protein induces phenotypic conversion of human B cells to macrophage-like cells
        date: 2010-07-27
       words: 6293
      flesch: 43
     summary: In vitro, ectopic expression of transcription factors, in particular CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPα) and C/EBPβ, can convert B cells into functional macrophages. Here, we investigated whether spike protein of SARS-CoV can act as a ligand to trigger the conversion of B cells to macrophages.
    keywords: cells; conversion; et al; expression; fig; lymphoma; macrophage; protein; sars; ssdrb; transduced
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        item: #2836 of 5187
          id: cord-308499-xqmguqyi
      author: Ahmed, Sakir
       title: Reply to Rheumatologists’ perspective on coronavirus disease 19: is heparin the dark horse for COVID-19?
        date: 2020-05-09
       words: 681
      flesch: 38
     summary: SARS coronavirus strain HSR1 multiplication can be directly inhibited by heparin as evidenced by reduction of viral plaques by 50% on addition of heparin to Vero cell cultures [3] . Rheumatologists' perspective on coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) and potential therapeutic targets Anticoagulant treatment is associated with decreased mortality in severe coronavirus disease 2019 patients with coagulopathy Coronaviridae and SARS-associated coronavirus strain HSR1 Inhibition of SARS pseudovirus cell entry by lactoferrin binding to heparan sulfate proteoglycans The 2019 coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) surface protein (Spike) S1 receptor binding domain undergoes conformational change upon heparin binding.
    keywords: heparin; sars
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        item: #2837 of 5187
          id: cord-308501-z3eiac25
      author: Zhu, Chengliang
       title: nBreastfeeding Risk from Detectable Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in Breastmilk
        date: 2020-06-04
       words: 847
      flesch: 43
     summary: International journal of public health Possible Vertical Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 From an Infected Mother to Her Newborn Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records Clinical infectious diseases: an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America SARS-CoV-2 is not detectable in the vaginal fluid of women with severe COVID-19 infection. Although our conclusions are limited by the small sample size, we believe our findings are important for the concern of SARS-CoV-2 infection risk in breastfeeding of mother with COVID-19 to her neonate.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; sars
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        item: #2838 of 5187
          id: cord-308507-hp6m6qrn
      author: Gan, Yi-Ru
       title: Synthesis and activity of an octapeptide inhibitor designed for SARS coronavirus main proteinase
        date: 2005-10-19
       words: 1574
      flesch: 55
     summary: Stimulated by the binding mechanism of SARS-CoV M(pro) with the octapeptide AVLQSGFR reported recently as well as the “Chou's distorted key” theory, we synthesized the octapeptide AVLQSGFR for conducting various biochemical experiments to investigate the antiviral potential of the octapeptide against SARS coronavirus (BJ-01). Also, as shown in Fig. 1 , the inhibitory effect of the octapeptide against SARS coronavirus in Vero cells is dose-dependent.
    keywords: avlqsgfr; coronavirus; cov; octapeptide; sars
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        item: #2839 of 5187
          id: cord-308576-iw8oobbe
      author: Wuxing, Dai
       title: Expression and purification of SARS coronavirus membrane protein
        date: 2004
       words: 1790
      flesch: 60
     summary: They are spike protein (S protein), nucleocapsid protein (N protein), membrane protein (M protein), and small envelope protein (E protein). The cell lysate supernatants of recombinant E. ('oli BL21 (DE3) were detected by SDS-PAGE and the expression of the 27 kI) protein (containing M protein and His6 9 Tag at carboxyl terminal tail and T7 9 Tag at nitryl terminal tail), which was the same as expected, was detected ( fig. 3 ).
    keywords: coronavirus; gene; membrane; plasmid; protein; sars
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        item: #2840 of 5187
          id: cord-308583-vtmwv8zl
      author: Du, Qishi
       title: Molecular modeling and chemical modification for finding peptide inhibitor against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus main proteinase
        date: 2005-02-15
       words: 3858
      flesch: 58
     summary: The experimental structure and the theoretical homology structure of SARS CoV M pro share many structural similarities, such as the catalytic active region and the Cys-His cleavage dyad These new findings from the experimental structure of SARS CoV M pro provide a reliable basis for inhibitor design.
    keywords: bond; cov; octapeptide; peptide; pro; sars; sars cov; structure
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        item: #2841 of 5187
          id: cord-308597-ieju8gd8
      author: de Carvalho, Renata Cristina
       title: The interference of COVID-19 in the male reproductive system: Important questions and the future of assisted reproduction techniques
        date: 2020-08-21
       words: 1155
      flesch: 35
     summary: No evidence of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 in semen of males recovering from coronavirus disease 2019 Absence of 2019 novel coronavirus in semen and testes of COVID-19 patients Clinical Characteristics and Results of Semen Tests Among Men With Coronavirus Disease COVID-19 patients' clinical characteristics, discharge rate, and fatality rate of meta-analysis History of febrile illness and variation in semen quality Influence of genital heat stress on semen quality in humans Taking into account all this information, several issues around the Coronavirus to semen and male fertility relationships are being raised, including: Can SARS-Cov-2 be found in semen?
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; sars; semen
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        item: #2842 of 5187
          id: cord-308615-4fobikeh
      author: AKTAS, Busra
       title: Gut-lung axis and dysbiosis in COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-21
       words: 4224
      flesch: 34
     summary: Microbiome evolution during host aging The gut microbiota as an environmental factor that regulates fat storage Altered microbiota in cirrhosis and its relationship to the development of infection Bile acids in physico-chemical host defence Immuno-microbiota cross and talk: The new paradigm of metabolic diseases Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study The presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the feces of COVID-19 patients Diarrhea during COVID-19 infection: pathogenesis, epidemiology, prevention and management Inactivation of the coronavirus that induces severe acute respiratory syndrome, SARS-CoV Gut-origin sepsis: Evolution of a concept Enrichment of the lung microbiome with gut bacteria in sepsis and the acute respiratory distress syndrome Is SARS-CoV-2 also an enteric pathogen with potential fecal-oral transmission: A COVID-19 virological and clinical review Increased intestinal permeability is associated with the development of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome in critically ill ICU patients Anti-HCV, nucleotide inhibitors, repurposing against COVID-19 Lung microbiota in the acute respiratory disease: from coronavirus to metabolomics COVID-19 and liver dysfunction: current insights and emergent therapeutic strategies Metagenomic analysis of the human distal gut microbiome Multiple organ infection and the pathogenesis of SARS Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China Respiratory viral infection-induced microbiome alterations and secondary bacterial pneumonia Probiotics in the prevention of antibioticassociated diarrhoea and Clostridium difficile infection From SARS to MERS: 10 years of research on highly pathogenic human coronaviruses First case of 2019 novel coronavirus in the United States Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Dysbiosis of the gut and lung microbiome has a role in asthma Population-level COVID-19 mortality risk for non-elderly individuals overall and for non-elderly individuals without underlying diseases in pandemic epicenters Considering the effects of microbiome and diet on SARS-CoV-2 infection: Nanotechnology roles Pulmonary-intestinal crosstalk in mucosal inflammatory disease T Cell responses to whole SARS coronavirus in humans Molecular immune pathogenesis and diagnosis of COVID-19 Diarrhoea may be underestimated: A missing link in 2019 novel coronavirus Gastrointestinal symptoms of 95 cases with SARS-CoV-2 infection Coronavirus covid-19 has killed more people than SARS and MERS combined, despite lower case fatality rate Gut microbiota and liver disease Antimicrobial peptides and gut microbiota in homeostasis and pathology Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with digestive symptoms in Hubei, China: A descriptive, cross-sectional, multicenter study The SARS, MERS and novel coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemics, the newest and biggest global health threats: what lessons have we learned? COVID-19 patients with digestive symptoms tend to experience liver injury more than those of without digestive symptoms (Pan et al., 2020) .
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; et al; gut; microbiota; patients; sars
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        item: #2843 of 5187
          id: cord-308667-6jr3z9wx
      author: Papachristodoulou, Eleni
       title: Long-term and herd immunity against SARS-CoV-2: implications from current and past knowledge
        date: 2020-06-08
       words: 1769
      flesch: 39
     summary: An interactive web-based dashboard to track COVID-19 in real time Projecting the transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 through the postpandemic period Herd immunity -estimating the level required to halt the COVID-19 epidemics in affected countries Epidemiological trends of COVID-19 epidemic in Italy during Positive RT-PCR test results in patients recovered from COVID-19 A case of a readmitted patient who recovered from COVID-19 in Chengdu Vaccination-induced herd immunity: successes and challenges Longitudinal profile of antibodies against SARS-coronavirus in SARS patients and their clinical significance Immune responses and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 during an outbreak in Iran: comparison with SARS and MERS COVID-19: herd immunity and convalescent plasma transfer therapy Lack of peripheral memory B cell responses in recovered patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome: a six-year follow-up study International expansion of a novel SARS-CoV-2 mutant An interactive online dashboard for tracking COVID-19 in U.S. counties, cities, and states in real time Neutralizing antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in a COVID-19 recovered 1 patient cohort and their implications Virological assessment of hospitalized patients with COVID-2019 Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in patients of novel coronavirus disease 2019 Effective herd immunity relies on the percentage of the immune population, the length and effectiveness of the immune response and the stability of the viral epitopes (Mallory, Lindesmith and Baric 2018) .
    keywords: immunity; sars
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        item: #2844 of 5187
          id: cord-308715-uo6h1h2e
      author: Chandra, Aman
       title: Personal protective equipment (PPE) for vitreoretinal surgery during COVID-19
        date: 2020-05-12
       words: 1839
      flesch: 37
     summary: Insights into the recent 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) in light of past human coronavirus outbreaks Pandemic potential of a strain of influenza A (H1N1): early findings Early transmission dynamics in wuhan, china, of novel coronavirusinfected pneumonia Estimation of the reproductive number of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) and the probable outbreak size on the Diamond Princess cruise ship: a data-driven analysis The reproductive number of COVID-19 is higher compared to SARS coronavirus Estimates of the reproduction number for seasonal, pandemic, and zoonotic influenza: a systematic review of the literature Viral dynamics in mild and severe cases of COVID-19 Estimating the asymptomatic proportion of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases on board the Diamond Princess cruise ship Impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) to reduce COVID-19 mortality and healthcare demand Effectiveness of airport screening at detecting travellers infected with novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Estimation of the asymptomatic ratio of novel coronavirus infections (COVID-19) Q&A: similarities and differences-COVID-19 and influenza Serial interval of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infections Asymptomatic and human-to-human transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in a 2-family cluster COVID-19: protecting health-care workers Facing COVID-19 in Ophthalmology department Vitreoretinal Surgery During COVID-19 Pandemic (Royal College of Ophthalmologists Particle size-selective assessment of protection of European standard FFP respirators and surgical masks against particlestested with human subjects Infection Prevention and Control Recommendations for Patients with Suspected or Confirmed Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Healthcare Settings Rational use of personal protective equipment for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19 Recommended PPE for healthcare workers by secondary care inpatient clinical setting, NHS and independent sector Pathogenesis of COVID-19 from a cell biology perspective Factors involved in the aerosol transmission of infection and control of ventilation in healthcare premises Recognition of aerosol transmission of infectious agents: a commentary Clinical progression and viral load in a community outbreak of coronavirus-associated SARS pneumonia: a prospective study Influenza virus in human exhaled breath: an observational study Exhalation of respiratory viruses by breathing, coughing, and talking Evaluation of coronavirus in tears and conjunctival secretions of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection Characteristics of ocular findings of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Hubei Province, China Aerosol generating procedures and risk of transmission of acute respiratory infections to healthcare workers: a systematic review Aerosol and Surface Stability of SARS-CoV-2 as compared with SARS-CoV-1 Environmental and body contamination through aerosols produced by high-speed cutters in lumbar spine surgery AGPs involving the upper respiratory tract including endotracheal intubation and airway suction are recognised to be associated with an increased risk of SARS transmission to healthcare workers [30] including SARS-CoV-2 [31] but the risks from other anatomical sites are less clear.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; patients; sars; transmission
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        item: #2845 of 5187
          id: cord-308736-kpz0o1ag
      author: Heßling, Martin
       title: Ultraviolet irradiation doses for coronavirus inactivation – review and analysis of coronavirus photoinactivation studies
        date: 2020-05-14
       words: 2830
      flesch: 39
     summary: Although it is known that this kind of UVC radiation has an inactivating effect on all microorganisms and viruses, all pathogens require different UVC irradiation doses for successful inactivation. In most studies, the authors did not intend to investigate the log-reduction doses of coronaviruses, but rather virus inactivation in various applications.
    keywords: coronaviruses; inactivation; irradiation; log; reduction; sars; uvc; virus
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        item: #2846 of 5187
          id: cord-308740-06jr58kz
      author: Lazaridis, Charalampos
       title: Involvement of Cardiovascular System As The Critical Point in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Prognosis and Recovery
        date: 2020-06-10
       words: 2544
      flesch: 20
     summary: Finally, we summarize current knowledge on therapeutic modalities and recommendations by scientific societies and experts regarding the cardiovascular management of COVID-19 patients. Similarly, an aberrant T-cell and monocyte response has been observed in COVID-19 patients leading to a systemic hyper-inflammatory response characterized by increased proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine production (tumor necrosis factor, IL-2, IL-6, IL-7 and CCL2 among others) 34, 48, 50, 68, 69 (Table 5) , (Figure 2 The binding of SARS-CoV-2 to ACE2 is expected to lead to internalization of ACE2 and loss of the external ACE2 catalytic effect 24, 93 .
    keywords: ace2; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; novel; patients; sars
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        item: #2847 of 5187
          id: cord-308760-xonuu04p
      author: Clerici, Bianca
       title: A case of newly diagnosed immune thrombocytopenia in the COVID-19 era
        date: 2020-11-12
       words: 2168
      flesch: 42
     summary: [16] recommends steroids as the first line of treatment in COVID-19 positive patients and advises not to administer Rituximab; as for TPO-RAs, worries concerning hepatotoxicity and the increase in thrombotic risk have been expressed. Monitoring of the platelet count shortly after a platelet pool transfusion may be of help to detect the presence of peripheral platelet destruction, and thus justify the initiation of ITP treatment, although the diagnosis has not yet been made.
    keywords: covid-19; itp; patient; platelet; treatment
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        item: #2848 of 5187
          id: cord-308786-e6rv5csl
      author: Alamri, Mubarak A.
       title: Discovery of human coronaviruses pan-papain-like protease inhibitors using computational approaches
        date: 2020-08-28
       words: 1493
      flesch: 21
     summary: The accuracy of binding free energy calculations based on molecular 639 dynamics simulations Molecular dynamics investigation on a series of HIV 641 protease inhibitors: assessing the performance of MM-PBSA and MM-GBSA approaches Investigating interactions between HIV-1 gp41 and 644 inhibitors by molecular dynamics simulation and MM-PBSA/GBSA calculations Broad-spectrum antivirals for the emerging 647 Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Severe acute respiratory syndrome 649 coronavirus papain-like novel protease inhibitors: design, synthesis, protein− ligand X-ray 650 structure and biological evaluation Multiepitope-Based Subunit Vaccine 652 Design and Evaluation against Respiratory Syncytial Virus Using Reverse Vaccinology 653 Approach Pharmacoinformatics and 655 molecular dynamics simulation studies reveal potential covalent and FDA-approved 656 inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 main protease 3CLpro Free energy simulations for protein ligand binding 659 and stability Exploring the stability of ligand binding modes to proteins by 661 molecular dynamics simulations: a cross-docking study Exploring the stability of ligand binding modes to 664 proteins by molecular dynamics simulations Evaluating the stability of pharmacophore 666 features using molecular dynamics simulations Comparative therapeutic efficacy of 707 remdesivir and combination lopinavir, ritonavir, and interferon beta against MERS-CoV Role of lopinavir/ritonavir in the treatment of SARS: 710 initial virological and clinical findings Molecular dynamic simulations analysis 712 of ritronavir and lopinavir as SARS-CoV 3CLpro inhibitors SARS: systematic review of treatment effects A Systematic Review of Lopinavir Therapy for 717 SARS Coronavirus and MERS Coronavirus-A Possible Reference for Coronavirus Disease-718 19 Treatment Option Triple combination of interferon beta-1b lopinavir-ritonavir, and ribavirin in the treatment of patients admitted to hospital with 721 COVID-19: an open-label, randomised, phase 2 trial Targeting the Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2: 723 computational insights into the mechanism of action of the protease inhibitors Lopinavir Inhibitor recognition specificity of MERS-CoV 728 papain-like protease may differ from that of SARS-CoV Small molecule pan-dengue and 731 West Nile virus NS3 protease inhibitors Evaluation of antiviral drug synergy in an infectious 733 HCV system Discovery of ABT-267, a pan-genotypic 735 inhibitor of HCV NS5A PSI-7851, a pronucleotide of β-D-2′-737 deoxy-2′-fluoro-2′-C-methyluridine monophosphate, is a potent and pan-genotype inhibitor 738 of hepatitis C virus replication Discovery of daclatasvir, a pan-genotypic hepatitis C virus 740 NS5A replication complex inhibitor with potent clinical effect Potent synergistic anti-human 743 immunodeficiency virus (HIV) effects using combinations of the CCR5 inhibitor aplaviroc 744 with other anti-HIV drugs An integrated structure-based computational approach identified potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 PL pro Quantitative validation of inhibitors' binding and molecular interaction profiles were elucidated through molecular dynamic simulation and energy decomposition analysis These include ADM_13083841 ((S)-4- (2-(5-methyl-7-oxo-6,7-dihydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2- with binding energy score of -8.9, -8.7, -8.7 kcal/mol, respectively, and considered as 196 potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 PL pro (Table 1) .
    keywords: compounds; cov; energy; inhibitors; sars
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        item: #2849 of 5187
          id: cord-308800-b8gtwdxc
      author: Goldhaber-Fiebert, Sara N.
       title: Low-flow Nasal Cannula and Potential Nosocomial Spread of COVID-19
        date: 2020-05-18
       words: 574
      flesch: 35
     summary: If surgical masks are in short supply, other coverings, including cloth masks, might be of use. In a recent study, researchers sampling air inside COVID-19 negative-pressure patient rooms found the highest concentration of viral RNA in the room of a patient who was on oxygen 1 L min -1 by nasal cannula, with no documented cough, 9 though in this context clinicians were wearing full protective equipment.
    keywords: cannula; nasal
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        item: #2850 of 5187
          id: cord-308831-u5bj1sod
      author: Chaung, Jenna
       title: Coinfection with COVID‐19 and Coronavirus HKU1 – the critical need for repeat testing if clinically indicated
        date: 2020-04-15
       words: 1010
      flesch: 47
     summary: Endemic HCoVs cause mild to severe respiratory infections or severe pneumonia with acute respiratory distress syndromes (ARDS) primarily in immunocompromised patients 5 HCoVs are known to co-infect human hosts with other respiratory viruses, including influenza A/B, RSV, metapneumovirus, enterovirus, adenovirus 2, 3, 4, 5 . Epidemiology, genetic recombination, and pathogenesis of Coronaviruses Human coronavirus circulation in the United States Etiology and clinical characterization of respiratory virus infections in adult patients attending an emergency department in Beijing CoV-HKU1 in Adults in From SARS coronavirus to novel animal and human coronaviruses Covert COVID-19 and false positive dengue serology in Singapore Thermal cycling was performed at 50C for 20 minutes for reverse transcription, 95C for 15 minutes for denaturation followed by 50 cycles of 94C for 5 seconds, 50C for 20 seconds and 72C for 20 seconds.
    keywords: cov-2; hcovs; sars
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        item: #2851 of 5187
          id: cord-308833-ei1faruy
      author: Zheng, Xiaohong
       title: Experimental investigation of integrated air purifying technology for bioaerosol removal and inactivation in central air-conditioning system
        date: 2004
       words: 2765
      flesch: 49
     summary: This provides a basis for using this particular phage strain as a viral simulant in place of SARS CoV and other airborne viruses in the tests for evaluation of bioaerosol removal and inactivation by different types of air purifiers. The rest section could be easily replaced by any kind of air purifying device and used to examine the dust-cleaning and bacteria-killing efficiency of the device by circulating micro-particles and bacteriophages in the system.
    keywords: air; air purifier; particles; phage; purifier; system; test
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        item: #2852 of 5187
          id: cord-308857-otsrexqu
      author: Goel, Saurav
       title: Resilient and Agile Engineering Solutions to Address Societal Challenges such as Coronavirus Pandemic
        date: 2020-05-28
       words: 10617
      flesch: 43
     summary: Antibodies help prevent future infections by detecting the virus and binding to their surfaces signalling the body's immune system to destroy such viruses or virus-infected cells. PSS organic electrochemical transistors for chemical and biological sensors: a mini review COVID-19: A Risk Assessment Perspective Phylogenetic network analysis of SARS-CoV-2 genomes Anti-HIV drug repurposing against SARS-CoV-2 Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation Fast Identification of Possible Drug Treatment of Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) through Computational Drug Repurposing Study Structure of Mpro from COVID-19 virus and discovery of its inhibitors Aerodynamic analysis of SARS-CoV-2 in two Wuhan hospitals COVID-19:
    keywords: coatings; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; detection; disease; drug; figure; infection; line; manufacturing; masks; material; nanoparticles; new; pandemic; patients; people; research; sars; surface; test; use; virus; viruses
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        item: #2853 of 5187
          id: cord-308912-2pd801t1
      author: Bensimon, Cécile M.
       title: A qualitative study of the duty to care in communicable disease outbreaks
        date: 2007-12-31
       words: 6458
      flesch: 47
     summary: The micro-meso-macro analytical framework that we have developed can guide the articulation of accepted norms of duty to care during epidemics and the development of policy for public health crises. The re-emergence of communicable diseases, which were largely thought to have become extinct (at least in North America) and therefore irrelevant to the modern day practitioner (Arras, 1988; Clark, 2005; Huber & Wynia, 2004; Lederberg, 1996; Morse, 2004; Patlak, 1996) has lead to renewed discourse on duty to care.
    keywords: care; duty; hcps; health; outbreaks; participants; public; risk; sars
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        item: #2854 of 5187
          id: cord-308945-i2agpvhk
      author: Phipps, William S
       title: SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Responses Do Not Predict COVID-19 Disease Severity
        date: 2020-07-15
       words: 3176
      flesch: 43
     summary: We compared IgG levels from all SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive patients who had a mild/moderate disease course to those who had severe disease (admitted to the intensive care unit [ICU]), and there was no difference in IgG antibody levels between the 2 groups ❚Figure 3A❚. IgG levels and seroconversion based on the calculated index (S/C) were tracked over time.
    keywords: cov-2; days; igg; igm; patients; samples; sars
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        item: #2855 of 5187
          id: cord-308994-4nljzm8a
      author: Tang, Zhongmin
       title: Insights from nanotechnology in COVID-19 treatment
        date: 2020-11-04
       words: 3243
      flesch: 31
     summary: As described before, FDA-approved nanomaterials offer unique advantages for antiviral drug delivery, and potential nanomaterial candidates are still emerging. Overall, in addition to the use of clinical equipment to assist patient rehabilitation, antiviral drugs and vaccines are the areas of greatest focus.
    keywords: antiviral; cov-2; delivery; drugs; nanomaterials; nanotechnology; sars; vaccines; virus
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        item: #2856 of 5187
          id: cord-308996-tf0v2ojk
      author: Maas, Angela HEM
       title: The Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreak Highlights the Importance of Sex-sensitive Medicine
        date: 2020-08-24
       words: 2190
      flesch: 38
     summary: A review Sex and gender differences in myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy Sex influences immune responses to viruses, and efficacy of prophylaxis and treatments for viral diseases Sex differences in immune responses The X chromosome and sexspecific effects in infectious disease susceptibility Sex-specific SARS-CoV-2 mortality: among hormone-modulated ACE2 expression, risk of venous thromboembolism and hypovitaminosis D The ACE2 expression in human heart indicates new potential mechanism of heart injury among patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 Risk factors of fatal outcome in hospitalized subjects with coronavirus disease 2019 from a nationwide analysis in China Towards precision management of cardiovascular patients with COVID-19 to reduce mortality Ethnicity and COVID-19: an urgent public health research priority Covid-19: two thirds of healthcare workers who have died were from ethnic minorities At the heart of the matter: unmasking and addressing COVID-19's toll on diverse populations Sex-and gender-specific observations and implications for COVID-19 Presenting characteristics, comorbidities, and outcomes among 5700 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in the New York City area Characteristics of hospitalized adults with COVID-19 in an integrated health care system in California Sex and gender disparities in the COVID-19 pandemic EVAW COVID-19 briefs SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor Efficient activation of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein by the transmembrane protease TMPRSS2 Landscape of X chromosome inactivation across human tissues Delayed clearance of SARS-CoV2 in male compared to female patients: high ACE2 expression in testes suggests possible existence of gender-specific viral reservoirs Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 protects from severe acute lung failure Identification of TMPRSS2 as a susceptibility gene for severe 2009 pandemic A(H1N1) influenza and A(H7N9) influenza Tmprss2 is essential for influenza H1N1 virus pathogenesis in mice Androgen receptor and androgen-dependent gene expression in lung Estrogen-dependent signaling in a molecularly distinct subclass of aggressive prostate cancer COVID-19 and the cardiovascular system: implications for risk assessment, diagnosis, and treatment options Gender differences in patients with COVID-19: focus on severity and mortality ST-elevation myocardial infarction in patients with COVID-19: clinical and angiographic outcomes EAPCI position statement on invasive management of acute coronary syndromes during the COVID-19 pandemic ST-segment elevation in patients with Covid-19 -a case series Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest during the Covid-19 outbreak in Italy Testosterone to oestradiol ratio reflects systemic and plaque inflammation and predicts future cardiovascular events in men with severe atherosclerosis Sexspecific regulation of inflammation and metabolic syndrome in obesity Renin-angiotensinaldosterone system blockers and the risk of Covid-19 Renin-angiotensinaldosterone system inhibitors and risk of Covid-19 Circulating plasma concentrations of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in men and women with heart failure and effects of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone inhibitors A rampage through the body Features of 20 133 UK patients in hospital with covid-19 using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol: prospective observational cohort study For 7 weeks I have been through a roller coaster of ill health, extreme emotions, and utter exhaustion Sex bias in referral of women to outpatient cardiac rehabilitation? In this article, the authors describe the most relevant knowledge thus far on sex differences regarding COVID-19.
    keywords: covid-19; differences; patients; sars; sex; virus
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        item: #2857 of 5187
          id: cord-309043-dlmx12vt
      author: von Brunn, Albrecht
       title: Analysis of Intraviral Protein-Protein Interactions of the SARS Coronavirus ORFeome
        date: 2007-05-23
       words: 6742
      flesch: 48
     summary: We therefore cloned the SARS-CoV ORFeome by recombinatorial cloning (GATEWAY technology) and performed a genome-wide analysis for viral protein interactions by yeast-two-hybrid (Y2H) matrix screen. Known virus-host and intraviral interactions of SARS proteins were identified by a literature screen (see Tables S1 and S2).
    keywords: accessory; cells; coronavirus; cov; interactions; network; nsp2; nsp8; number; orf9b; proteins; replication; rna; sars; virus; y2h
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        item: #2858 of 5187
          id: cord-309074-pys4aa60
      author: Huang, Victoria W.
       title: Telehealth in the times of SARS-CoV-2 infection for the Otolaryngologist
        date: 2020-05-30
       words: 2645
      flesch: 37
     summary: A store-andforward model of telemedicine was implemented and a previously established telemedicine neurotology clinic in Baton Rouge forwarded clinical materials to a neurotologist in Pittsburgh, which resulted in positive anecdotal patient responses 33 .To identify specific areas in otolaryngology that would be most suitable for telemedicine visits, a study on veterans in the New England area identified that 62% of visits did not require specialized procedures and could be conducted with the help of a health technician that could synchronously communicate with a remote otolaryngologist 34 . To address the uncertain duration of this pandemic, a review was conducted of current literature on use of telemedicine services in the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and in previous national emergencies to reveal the role telemedicine can play for otolaryngology practices.
    keywords: care; cov-2; health; otolaryngology; patients; sars; telemedicine; visits
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        item: #2859 of 5187
          id: cord-309089-ex9nh1yi
      author: Coperchini, Francesca
       title: The Cytokine storm in COVID-19: An overview of the involvement of the chemokine/chemokine-receptor system
        date: 2020-05-11
       words: 6141
      flesch: 37
     summary: An interferon-gamma-related cytokine storm in SARS patients Characterization of cytokine/chemokine profiles of severe acute respiratory syndrome Interaction of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus with dendritic cells Chemokine up-regulation in SARS-coronavirus-infected, monocyte-derived human dendritic cells Pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome Expression profile of immune response genes in patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Induction of IL-8 release in lung cells via activator protein-1 by recombinant baculovirus displaying severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus spike proteins: identification of two functional regions A human in vitro model system for investigating genome-wide host responses to SARS coronavirus infection Age-related increases in PGD(2) -Tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) is a pyrogen cytokine released from immune cells in the acute phase of inflammation and infection.
    keywords: acute; cells; chemokines; coronavirus; cov; covid-19; cxcl10; cytokine; immune; infection; patients; sars; syndrome
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        item: #2860 of 5187
          id: cord-309120-05bg7rfa
      author: Niazi, Sadegh
       title: The role of respiratory droplet physicochemistry in limiting and promoting the airborne transmission of human coronaviruses: A critical review()
        date: 2020-11-06
       words: 2718
      flesch: 7
     summary: Report for 940 the World Health Organization Liquid-liquid phase separation in 942 organic particles containing one and two organic species: importance of the average 943 O&thinsp;:&thinsp;C Exhalation of respiratory viruses by breathing, coughing, and talking Biodefense research methodology and animal models An initial investigation of the association 949 between the SARS outbreak and weather: with the view of the environmental temperature and its 950 variation Review of aerosol transmission of influenza A virus Numerical Study of Particle Deposition in Bends of a Circular Cross-954 Section-Laminar Flow Regime Aerosol and Surface Stability of SARS-CoV-2 as Compared with SARS-CoV-1 Stability of Middle East respiratory 960 syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) under different environmental conditions Physico-chemical characteristics of evaporating respiratory fluid 962 droplets Physico-chemical characteristics of evaporating respiratory fluid 964 droplets Cough-generated aerosols of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other Gram-negative bacteria from 968 patients with cystic fibrosis Factors affecting the viability of air-borne bacteria. Coronavirus Contamination in 811 Air and Surrounding Environment in MERS Isolation Wards The nucleus in and the growth of hygroscopic droplets Environmental Persistence of Influenza Viruses Is Dependent upon Virus Type and Host Origin Low 817 ambient humidity impairs barrier function and innate resistance against influenza infection Transmission of influenza A in human beings Role of ventilation in airborne transmission of infectious agents in the built environment-a 823 multidisciplinary systematic review Electron cryotomography of 825 measles virus reveals how matrix protein coats the ribonucleocapsid within intact virions Humidity-Dependent Decay of Viruses, but Not Bacteria Droplets Follows Disinfection Kinetics Environmental factors on the SARS epidemic: 830 air temperature, passage of time and multiplicative effect of hospital infection Probing the structure of the 833 SARS coronavirus using scanning electron microscopy Measurements of airborne influenza virus in aerosol particles 836 from human coughs Measurements of airborne influenza virus in 839 aerosol particles from human coughs Viable influenza
    keywords: air; droplets; human; humidity; influenza; sars; transmission; virus
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        item: #2861 of 5187
          id: cord-309138-44qpk2vf
      author: Khanna, Kanika
       title: Herbal Immune-boosters: Substantial Warriors of Pandemic Covid-19 Battle
        date: 2020-10-03
       words: 6407
      flesch: 25
     summary: Part I: Chemical diversity, impacts on plant biology and human health Antivirals against animal viruses Medicinal plants of Tamil Nadu (Southern India) are a rich source of antiviral activities Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread Effect of Nilavembu kudineer in the Prevention and Management of COVID-19 by inhibiting ACE2 Receptor Receptor recognition by the novel coronavirus from Wuhan: an analysis based on decade-long structural studies of SARS coronavirus The laboratory tests and host immunity of COVID-19 patients with different severity of illness Search of Preventative Strategies: Novel Anti-Inflammatory High-CBD Cannabis Sativa Extracts Modulate ACE2 Expression in COVID-19 Gateway Tissues Anti-influenza agents from plants and traditional Chinese medicine Adaptogens: Herbs for Strength. World Health Organization WHO guidelines on safety monitoring of herbal medicines in pharmacovigilance systems Evidence for Gastrointestinal Infection of SARS-CoV-2 Downregulation of Rac1 activation by caffeic acid in aortic smooth muscle cells Characteristics of pediatric SARS-CoV-2 infection and potential evidence for persistent fecal viral shedding Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study Traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of patients infected with 2019-new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2): a review and perspective Herbs for Viral Respiratory Infections Herbal extracts as antiviral agents Water extract of licorice had anti-viral activity against human respiratory syncytial virus in human respiratory tract cell lines MERS, SARS and other coronaviruses as causes of pneumonia Identification of myricetin and scutellarein as novel chemical inhibitors of the SARS coronavirus helicase, nsP13 The traditional medicine and modern medicine from natural products COVID-19:
    keywords: activity; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; et al; human; immune; infection; influenza; medicinal; novel; pak1; patients; plants; potential; sars; transmission
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        item: #2862 of 5187
          id: cord-309147-c3ikb81g
      author: Nadeem, Muhammad Shahid
       title: Origin, Potential Therapeutic Targets and Treatment for Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)
        date: 2020-04-22
       words: 5006
      flesch: 43
     summary: A prospective study Influenza A virus shedding and infectivity in households Transmission of 2019-nCoV infection from an asymptomatic contact in Germany Structure, function, and evolution of coronavirus spike proteins Structure of SARS coronavirus spike receptor-binding domain complexed with receptor Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation Severe acute respiratory syndrome Stabilized coronavirus spikes are resistant to conformational changes induced by receptor recognition or proteolysis Mechanisms of host receptor adaptation by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Design of potent membrane fusion inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2, an emerging coronavirus with high fusogenic activity The novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) uses the SARS-1 coronavirus receptor ACE2 and the cellular protease TMPRSS2 for entry into target cells Functional assessment of cell entry and receptor usage for SARS-CoV-2 and other lineage B betacoronaviruses Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus: A first step in understanding SARS pathogenesis Potential interventions for novel coronavirus in China: A systematic review Structural basis for the recognition of the SARS-CoV-2 by full-length human ACE2 Cleavage and activation of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein by human airway trypsin-like protease Host cell entry of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus after two-step, furin-mediated activation of the spike protein Coronaviruses post-SARS: Update on replication and pathogenesis Recent insights into emerging coronaviruses Therapeutic options for the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Angiotensin receptor blockers as tentative SARS-CoV-2 therapeutics Preliminary identification of potential vaccine targets for the COVID-19 coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) based on SARS-CoV immunological studies Structure, function, and antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein Advances in respiratory virus therapeutics -A meeting report from the 6th isirv Antiviral Group conference Rapid Identification of Potential Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease by Deep Docking of 1.3 Billion Compounds Identification of SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Inhibitors by Drug Repurposing Using in Silico Structure-Based Virtual Screening Approach WHO says vaccines against novel coronavirus 18 months away, pushes global research Can Chinese medicine be used for prevention of Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19)? Paving the Road for Rapid Detection and Point-of-Care Diagnostics Rapid colorimetric detection of COVID-19 coronavirus using a reverse tran-scriptional loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) diagnostic plat-form: iLACO A Single and Two-Stage, Closed-Tube, Molecular Test for the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) at Home, Clinic, and Points of Entry Reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification combined with nanoparticles-based biosensor for diagnosis of COVID-19 Serological and molecular findings during SARS-CoV-2 infection: The first case study in Finland Molecular immune pathogenesis and diagnosis of COVID-19 A case of COVID-19 and pneumonia returning from Macau in Taiwan: Clinical course and anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG dynamic Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus as an agent of emerging and reemerging infection Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: A single-centered, retrospective, observational study The SARS wake-up call Does SARS-CoV-2 has a longer incubation period than SARS and MERS? SARS-CoV infection in a restaurant from palm civet Intraspecies diversity of SARS-like coronaviruses in Rhinolophus sinicus and its implications for the origin of SARS coronaviruses in humans Homologous recombination within the spike glycoprotein of the newly identified coronavirus may boost cross-species transmission from snake to human Host and infectivity prediction of Wuhan 2019 novel coronavirus using deep learning algorithm Real-time sequence-validated loop-mediated isothermal amplification assays for detection of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Development and evaluation of novel real-time reverse transcription-PCR assays with locked nucleic acid probes targeting leader sequences of human-pathogenic coronaviruses COVID-19, an Emerging Coronavirus Infection: Current Scenario and Recent Developments-An Overview Pharmacologic treatment of SARS: Current knowledge and recommendations Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro Of chloroquine and COVID-19 Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine as available weapons to fight COVID-19 Breakthrough: Chloroquine phosphate has shown apparent efficacy in treatment of COVID-19 associated pneumonia in clinical studies Temperature significant change COVID-19 Transmission in 429 cities 2019-Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV):
    keywords: ace2; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; infection; novel; protease; protein; receptor; sars; spike
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        item: #2863 of 5187
          id: cord-309182-t9ywnshj
      author: Premkumar, Lakshmanane
       title: The receptor binding domain of the viral spike protein is an immunodominant and highly specific target of antibodies in SARS-CoV-2 patients
        date: 2020-06-11
       words: 6077
      flesch: 44
     summary: We observed a strong correlation between levels of RBD binding antibodies and SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies in patients. While further studies are needed to fully evaluate RBD antibodies as correlate of protective immunity, the results to date indicate that RBD antibodies are a promising correlate of protection in the early convalescent phase.
    keywords: antibodies; antibody; cov-2; days; fig; human; onset; patients; rbd; sars; sera; spike; symptoms
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        item: #2864 of 5187
          id: cord-309193-v8lphej4
      author: Lemriss, Sanaâ
       title: Complete Genome Sequence of a 2019 Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) Strain Causing a COVID-19 Case in Morocco
        date: 2020-07-02
       words: 547
      flesch: 32
     summary: The consensus data for the hCoV-19_Morocco_OUA677_19_2020 genome have been deposited in the GISAID database (accession number EPI_ ISL_451400) and GenBank (accession number MT513758). We are currently sequencing and analyzing more complete genomes from different regions of Morocco to understand the virus dispersion and to associate this information with epidemiological data.
    keywords: coronavirus; sars; sequence
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        item: #2865 of 5187
          id: cord-309200-t2xugb8l
      author: Asadi, Sima
       title: The coronavirus pandemic and aerosols: Does COVID-19 transmit via expiratory particles?
        date: 2020-04-03
       words: 2080
      flesch: 33
     summary: There is broad agreement in the infectious disease community about possible modes of respiratory virus transmission between humans (Tellier et al. 2019) . In fact long ago it was established that ordinary breathing and speech both emit large quantities of aerosol particles (Duguid 1946;
    keywords: aerosol; particles; transmission
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        item: #2866 of 5187
          id: cord-309206-kq77whdx
      author: Yan, Victoria C.
       title: Advantages of the Parent Nucleoside GS-441524 over Remdesivir for Covid-19 Treatment
        date: 2020-06-23
       words: 2307
      flesch: 37
     summary: 18−20 GS-441524 Is Exceptionally Effective and Well-Tolerated against Clinical Presentations of Feline Coronavirus. For the fleeting duration of time that remdesivir is in the blood (prior to hydrolysis to GS-441524), the expression of bioactivating enzymes for McGuigan prodrugs suggests that the highest concentrations of NTP formation by remdesivirrather than GS-441524 would occur in cell types with high expression of CES1/ CTSA/HINT1.
    keywords: figure; gs-441524; prodrug; remdesivir; sars; serum
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        item: #2867 of 5187
          id: cord-309289-vm0k7hfx
      author: Rothan, Hussin A.
       title: The FDA- approved gold drug Auranofin inhibits novel coronavirus (SARS-COV-2) replication and attenuates inflammation in human cells
        date: 2020-04-14
       words: 1467
      flesch: 36
     summary: Herein, we report that the FDA-approved gold drug, auranofin, inhibits SARS-COV-2 replication in human cells at low micro molar concentration. Auranofin treatment dramatically reduced the expression of SARS-COV-2-induced cytokines in human cells.
    keywords: auranofin; cells; cov-2; infection; sars
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        item: #2868 of 5187
          id: cord-309302-n6cd2fc3
      author: Wang, Li
       title: Clinical management of lung cancer patients during the outbreak of COVID-19 epidemic
        date: 2020-09-23
       words: 5685
      flesch: 42
     summary: A study [43] analyzed 1590 patients with COVID-19 as of January 31, 2020, 18 (1%) had a history of cancer, 28% of cancer patient were lung cancer patients. key: cord-309302-n6cd2fc3 authors: Wang, Li; Jiang, Man; Qu, Jialin; Zhou, Na; Zhang, Xiaochun title: Clinical management of lung cancer patients during the outbreak of COVID-19 epidemic date: 2020-09-23 journal: Infect Agent Cancer DOI: 10.1186/s13027-020-00322-7 sha: doc_id: 309302 cord_uid: n6cd2fc3
    keywords: cancer; coronavirus; covid-19; epidemic; health; infection; lung; novel; patients; pneumonia; protein; sars; study; symptoms; treatment
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        item: #2869 of 5187
          id: cord-309304-glcxrh7t
      author: Flemming, Sven
       title: Author response to: Comment on: Abdominal fluid samples (negative for SARS‐CoV‐2) from a critically unwell patient with respiratory COVID‐19
        date: 2020-09-19
       words: 598
      flesch: 31
     summary: Several recent studies have shown that fecal samples of COVID-19 patients can be positive for SARS-CoV-2, suggesting potential fecal oral transmission and thus a higher risk for gastrointestinal surgeons 3 . Similar observations have been made for other body fluid samples like cerebrospinal fluid, amniotic fluid and vaginal fluid.
    keywords: covid-19; sars
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        item: #2870 of 5187
          id: cord-309317-cgs0sui7
      author: Galeotti, Caroline
       title: Autoimmune and inflammatory diseases following COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-04
       words: 1632
      flesch: 35
     summary: Therefore, it is critical to make the fine distinction between classical Kawasaki disease and Kawasaki disease associated with COVID-19 (KD-COVID-19). In fact, although the French 3 and Italian 1 studies suggest that patients are negative for common viruses that trigger Kawasaki disease, data from other European countries reveal appearance of PIMS, with clinical and biochemical features distinct from that of classical Kawasaki disease and affecting children up to 17 years old.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; disease; sars
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        item: #2871 of 5187
          id: cord-309319-si5c14e8
      author: Cao, Chunxiang
       title: Analysis of Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Pandemic SARS Spread in Mainland China
        date: 2016-08-15
       words: 4697
      flesch: 42
     summary: The BME reveals that SARS outbreaks show autocorrelation within certain spatial and temporal distances. On February 1, 2003, during the period of SARS outbreaks, the Spring Festival took place.
    keywords: bme; covariance; data; disease; epidemic; outbreaks; sars; space; spread; time; transmission
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        item: #2872 of 5187
          id: cord-309323-yflng8m3
      author: Thomas, T.
       title: COVID-19 infection results in alterations of the kynurenine pathway and fatty acid metabolism that correlate with IL-6 levels and renal status
        date: 2020-05-16
       words: 6967
      flesch: 31
     summary: The present study evaluated the serum metabolism of COVID-19 patients (n=33), identified by a positive nucleic acid test of a nasopharyngeal swab, as compared to COVID-19-negative control patients (n=16). Increased circulating levels of glucose and free fatty acids were also observed, consistent with altered carbon homeostasis in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: acid; covid-19; figure; il-6; levels; medrxiv; medrxiv preprint; metabolism; patients; perpetuity; preprint; review; sars; subjects; version
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        item: #2873 of 5187
          id: cord-309360-cpis1l4u
      author: Barrios-López, J. M.
       title: Ischaemic stroke and SARS-CoV-2 infection: A causal or incidental association?
        date: 2020-05-28
       words: 3155
      flesch: 35
     summary: Materials and methods We describe the cases of 4 patients with ischaemic stroke and COVID-19 who were attended at our hospital. We also conducted a review of studies addressing the possible mechanisms involved in the aetiopathogenesis of ischaemic stroke in these patients.
    keywords: causal; cov-2; covid-19; hypercoagulability; ictus; infection; inflammation; patients; sars; stroke; study
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        item: #2874 of 5187
          id: cord-309370-g8d3w7it
      author: Insausti-García, Alfredo
       title: Papillophlebitis in a COVID-19 patient: Inflammation and hypercoagulable state
        date: 2020-07-30
       words: 2087
      flesch: 34
     summary: Some studies have shown an incidence of venous and arterial thrombotic events in more than 30% of COVID-19 patients, with venous thromboembolic events being the most common (27%). Parallel to the alteration of coagulation, an exacerbated proinflammatory cytokines response has been observed in Covid-19 patients (CRP, Ferritin, IL-2, IL6, IL-7, IL-10, IP-10, TNFα, etc.), although the cause of this cytokine storm is not yet clear.
    keywords: covid-19; disease; edema; papillophlebitis; patients; sars
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        item: #2875 of 5187
          id: cord-309394-vroscj3m
      author: Belingheri, Michael
       title: Risk Exposure to Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Pregnant Healthcare Workers
        date: 2020-04-07
       words: 724
      flesch: 44
     summary: However, to date, there is no evidence that pregnant women are more susceptible or at higher risk of severe illness than non-pregnant women, although in some cases pregnant women seem to have atypical clinical symptoms, comparing with non-pregnant women. For these reasons, in our opinion pregnant healthcare workers should not be exposed to confirmed or suspected COVID-19 patients, even if they wear appropriate personal protective equipment.
    keywords: covid-19; workers
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        item: #2876 of 5187
          id: cord-309411-2dfiwo65
      author: Paris, Kristina A.
       title: Loss of pH switch unique to SARS-CoV2 supports unfamiliar virus pathology
        date: 2020-06-23
       words: 4736
      flesch: 51
     summary: To answer this question, we need to consider that viral particles in the respiratory system are under small external strains from, e.g., shear flow in the respiratory airways, when engaging cell surface receptors. On the other hand, if only a small number of cell surface receptors are available, then receptor diffusion will be the limiting step to accrue the critical number of receptors needed for endocytosis, and longer RBD/ACE2 dwelling times will be required.
    keywords: ace2; binding; cell; cov1; cov2; receptor; sars; state
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        item: #2877 of 5187
          id: cord-309418-dx6e0lri
      author: Segalés, Joaquim
       title: Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in a cat owned by a COVID-19−affected patient in Spain
        date: 2020-10-06
       words: 3140
      flesch: 40
     summary: Although the exact moment of exposure or infection was not possible to determine based on the reconstruction of the chronological events around the present case (Fig. 2) , the low amount of SARS-CoV-2 (Ct values of >32) found in positive samples of C1, evidence of SARS-CoV-2 seroconversion, the lack of compatible lesions with a viral disease, and the preexisting morbid conditions suggest that SARS-CoV-2 infection in C1 was an incidental epidemiological finding. A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin The proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2 The pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 in hACE2 transgenic mice Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in domestic cats Infection and rapid transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in ferrets Comparative pathogenesis of COVID-19, MERS, and SARS in a nonhuman primate model Susceptibility of ferrets, cats, dogs, and other domesticated animals to SARS-coronavirus 2 Age-related rhesus macaque models of COVID-19 Infection of dogs with SARS-CoV-2 SARS-CoV2 infection in farmed mink Detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real-time RT-PCR Feline hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: An update Search for SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors in currently approved drugs to tackle COVID-19 pandemia Cutadapt removes adapter sequences from high-throughput sequencing reads PEAR:
    keywords: animal; cat; cats; cov-2; covid-19; infection; nasal; sars
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        item: #2878 of 5187
          id: cord-309513-dleo9rpl
      author: Zhang, Huilan
       title: Histopathologic Changes and SARS–CoV-2 Immunostaining in the Lung of a Patient With COVID-19
        date: 2020-03-12
       words: 612
      flesch: 43
     summary: A. Histopathologic examination revealing diffuse alveolar damage, organizing phase (A-1); denudation of alveolar lining cells (arrow 1), with presence of reactive type II pneumocyte hyperplasia (arrow 2) (A-2); intra-alveolar fibrinous exudates (arrow 3) and interstitial loose fibrosis with chronic inflammatory infiltrates (arrow 4) (A-3); and intra-alveolar loose fibrous plugs (arrow 5) (A-4). Denuded alveolar lining cells ( Figure 2 , A-1, arrow 1), with reactive type II pneumocyte hyperplasia, were noted ( Figure 2 , A-1, arrow 2).
    keywords: arrow; figure; sars
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        item: #2879 of 5187
          id: cord-309517-yh4d414y
      author: Yu, Chao
       title: Characteristics of asymptomatic COVID-19 infection and progression: A multicenter, retrospective study
        date: 2020-08-12
       words: 3503
      flesch: 35
     summary: Recently, one report revealed that the rates of virus infection through close contact with symptomatic patients and with asymptomatic patients were 6.30% and 4.11%, respectively [8] . Thus, the exact radiographic characteristics of asymptomatic patients needs further investigation.
    keywords: asymptomatic; carriers; covid-19; disease; patients; study
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        item: #2880 of 5187
          id: cord-309540-4pk5tq5w
      author: Brandsma, E.
       title: Rapid, sensitive and specific SARS coronavirus-2 detection: a multi-center comparison between standard qRT-PCR and CRISPR based DETECTR.
        date: 2020-07-29
       words: 4299
      flesch: 46
     summary: Hence, DETECTR results were consistent with qRT-PCR, and provided a clear-cut positive (n=2) or negative (n=2) test result for the samples with NI qRT-PCR results. DETECTR results with gRNA1, gRNA2 and combined gRNA1/gRNA2 yielded similar results ( Figure 1I ).
    keywords: cov-2; detection; detectr; figure; lamp; pcr; preprint; samples; sars
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        item: #2881 of 5187
          id: cord-309541-2vqk7fx1
      author: Sekizuka, Tsuyoshi
       title: Haplotype networks of SARS-CoV-2 infections in the Diamond Princess cruise ship outbreak
        date: 2020-08-18
       words: 3315
      flesch: 41
     summary: The 73 genome sequences (including 3 sequences of DP isolates deposited in the Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data [GISAID]) were compared with the Wuhan-Hu-1 (isolated on December 26, 2019 in China) genome sequence as a reference. To decode the genealogies of the whole genome of SARS-CoV-2, we generated HN-GSNVs to highlight the clonality of DP isolates.
    keywords: analysis; february; genome; isolates; quarantine; sars; ship
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        item: #2882 of 5187
          id: cord-309554-ctc84tfy
      author: Pang, Ronald TK
       title: Serum Proteomic Fingerprints of Adult Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
        date: 2006-03-01
       words: 5193
      flesch: 45
     summary: Conclusions: Specific proteomic fingerprints in the sera of adult SARS patients could be used to identify SARS cases early during onset with high specificity and sensitivity. Bearing in mind the above issues, in the present study we attempted to profile and compare the serum proteomes between SARS patients and non-SARS patients.
    keywords: features; p ϭ; patients; protein; proteomic; r ϭ; sars; serum; syndrome
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        item: #2883 of 5187
          id: cord-309556-xv3413k1
      author: Chow, Ryan D.
       title: The aging transcriptome and cellular landscape of the human lung in relation to SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-04-15
       words: 5772
      flesch: 41
     summary: Lung epithelial cells, macrophages, and Th1 cells decrease in abundance with age, whereas fibroblasts, pericytes and CD4+ Tcm cells increase in abundance with age. We showed that lung epithelial cells, macrophages, and Th1 cells decrease in abundance with age, whereas fibroblasts and pericytes increase in abundance with age.
    keywords: age; aging; cell; cluster; cov-2; covid-19; data; expression; factors; figure; genes; human; infection; lung; sars
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        item: #2884 of 5187
          id: cord-309577-438fotfd
      author: Xing, Yuhan
       title: Dynamics of faecal SARS-CoV-2 in infected children during the convalescent phase
        date: 2020-04-10
       words: 965
      flesch: 47
     summary: Evidence so far raises the possibility of faecal-oral transmission, reinforcing the need for nucleic acid testing of stool samples from COVID-19 patients during the convalescent phase. Dynamic profiles of real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) results in throat swabs and faecal specimens were closely monitored till March 10, 2020, the final date of follow-up.
    keywords: cov-2; patients; sars
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        item: #2885 of 5187
          id: cord-309582-ihrj84hr
      author: AlNaamani, Khalid
       title: Medical research during the COVID-19 pandemic
        date: 2020-08-06
       words: 4052
      flesch: 31
     summary: However, these clinical trials may require modifications due a pandemic such as this one to ensure the rights, safety, and wellbeing of participants as well as medical staff involved in the conduction of clinical trials. Clinical trials initiated during the pandemic must be time-efficient and flexible due to high contagiousness of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, the significant number of reported deaths, and time constraints needed to perform high quality clinical trials, enrolling adequate sample sizes.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; pandemic; patients; research; sars; time; trials
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        item: #2886 of 5187
          id: cord-309588-kw4d32dt
      author: Chan, Michael H.M.
       title: Steroid-induced osteonecrosis in severe acute respiratory syndrome: a retrospective analysis of biochemical markers of bone metabolism and corticosteroid therapy
        date: 2006-06-30
       words: 4625
      flesch: 40
     summary: We have shown that there has been a close temporal relationship between the serial changes in serum biochemical bone markers in SARS patients and pulse corticosteroid therapy. Various risk factors for the development of osteonecrosis were assessed using receiver operating characteristics curve comparison with appropriate test statistics and Spearman’s coefficients of rank correlation with biochemical bone markers.
    keywords: bone; corticosteroid; day; markers; osteonecrosis; patients; sars; serum; therapy
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        item: #2887 of 5187
          id: cord-309619-glb2y82u
      author: Domingo, Pere
       title: The four horsemen of a viral Apocalypse: The pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19)
        date: 2020-07-29
       words: 9372
      flesch: 35
     summary: Front Immunol 2020 Relationships among lymphocyte subsets, cytokines, and the pulmonary inflammation index in coronavirus (COVID-19) infected patients Detectable serum SARS-CoV-2 viral load (RNAaemia) is closely correlated with drastically elevated interleukin 6 (IL-6) level in critically ill COVID-19 patients Cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein cIAP2 protects against pulmonary tissue necrosis during influenza virus infection to promote host survival T cell responses are required for protection from clinical disease and for virus clearance in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-infected mice Adaptive immune cells temper initial innate responses Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China Transcriptomic characteristics of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and peripheral blood mononuclear cells in COVID-19 patients Middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV): infection, immunological response, and vaccine development Bcl-xL inhibits T-cell apoptosis induced by expression of SARS coronavirus E protein in the absence of growth factors SARS-CoV-2 infects T lymphocytes through its spike protein-mediated membrane fusion Cell pyroptosis, a potential pathogenic mechanism of 2019-nCoV Infection (2020) Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Viroporin 3a activates the NLRP3 inflammasome Caspase-1-dependent pore formation during pyroptosis leads to osmotic lysis of infected host macrophages Anti-spike IgG causes severe acute lung injury by skewing macrophage responses during acute SARS-CoV infection Clinical progression and viral load in a community outbreak of coronavirus-associated SARS pneumonia: a prospective study Antibody responses against SARS coronavirus are correlated with disease outcome of infected individuals The potential danger of suboptimal antibody responses in COVID-19 The ACE2/Angiotensin-(1-7)/MAS axis of the renin-angiotensin system: focus on angiotensin Kidneys and fluids in pressure regulation. COVID-19 patients have high serum levels of inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-2, IL-7, IL-10, granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), interferon gamma-induced protein (IP)-10, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, macrophage SARS-CoV-2 infects primarily type II pneumocytes through binding to the ACE2 receptor.
    keywords: ace2; acute; angiotensin; cells; converting; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; expression; immune; infection; inflammatory; lung; patients; protein; receptor; response; role; sars; syndrome
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        item: #2888 of 5187
          id: cord-309629-7jtnhn65
      author: Thomas, Viju
       title: International society for gynecologic endoscopy (ISGE) guidelines and recommendations on gynecological endoscopy during the evolutionary phases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
        date: 2020-08-26
       words: 4634
      flesch: 44
     summary: Currently we need to balance a hypothetical risk of aerosol spread in low risk patients to the vast array of evidence proving the benefits of laparoscopic surgery. Patients who screen or test negative may have general anesthesia and laparoscopic surgery while strict protocols of infection control are upheld.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; gas; laparoscopy; patients; risk; sars; smoke; surgery
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        item: #2889 of 5187
          id: cord-309633-1cd74xdl
      author: Rogers, Julia H.
       title: Characteristics of COVID-19 in Homeless Shelters: A Community-Based Surveillance Study
        date: 2020-09-15
       words: 4020
      flesch: 48
     summary: Homeless shelters are a high-risk setting for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission because of crowding and shared hygiene facilities. To investigate SARS-CoV-2 case counts across several adult and family homeless shelters in a major metropolitan area.
    keywords: cases; cov-2; encounters; homeless; persons; sars; shelters; study; symptoms; testing
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        item: #2890 of 5187
          id: cord-309650-6xz9gjq0
      author: Chou, Roger
       title: Update Alert 4: Epidemiology of and Risk Factors for Coronavirus Infection in Health Care Workers
        date: 2020-09-11
       words: 1475
      flesch: -237
     summary: Female vs. male (IgG): OR, 0.58 (0.20-1.67) IgG: 14.8% (7/115) IgG: 7.8% (5/64) Nurse vs /105) Nurse vs. physician: OR, 0.49 (0.15-1.55) Radiology technician: 29.4% (5/17) Other HCW role: 2.4% (1/41) 29 y: 2.3% (2/88) Epidemiology of and risk factors for coronavirus infection in health care workers Update Alert 2: Epidemiology of and risk factors for coronavirus infection in health care workers Low seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare workers of the largest children hospital in Milan during the pandemic wave Efficacy of a test-retest strategy in residents and health care personnel of a nursing home facing a COVID-19 outbreak Large-scale, molecular and serological SARS-CoV-2 screening of healthcare workers in a 4-site public hospital in Belgium after COVID-19 outbreak Specific risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 transmission among health care workers in a university hospital Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in healthcare workers at a London NHS Trust Pandemic peak SARS-CoV-2 infection and seroconversion rates in London frontline health-care workers Seroprevalence of severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies among healthcare workers with differing levels of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patient exposure Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among health care workers in a tertiary community hospital SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare workers of a gastroenterological service in a tertiary care facility Infection with SARS-CoV-2 in primary care health care workers assessed by antibody testing Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in health care personnel in the New York City area Search for asymptomatic carriers of SARS-CoV-2 in healthcare workers during the pandemic: a Spanish experience COVID-19 outbreak in healthcare workers in Trieste hospitals SARS-CoV-2 specific serological pattern in healthcare workers of an Italian COVID-19 forefront hospital COVID-19 screening for healthcare workers in a tertiary infectious diseases referral hospital in Manila, the Philippines The role of isolation rooms, facemasks and intensified hand hygiene in the prevention of nosocomial COVID-19 transmission in a pulmonary clinical setting Asymptomatic infection by SARS-CoV-2 in healthcare workers: a study in a large teaching hospital in Wuhan, China Update Alert: epidemiology of and risk factors for coronavirus infection in health care workers Update Alert 3: epidemiology of and risk factors for coronavirus infection in health care workers Risks to healthcare workers following tracheal intubation of patients with COVID-19: a prospective international multicentre cohort study SARS-CoV-2 infection in healthcare personnel with highrisk occupational exposure: evaluation of seven-day exclusion from work policy Dynamic of SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR positivity and seroprevalence among high-risk health care workers and hospital staff Occupation and risk of COVID-19: prospective cohort study of 120,621 UK Biobank participants Risk of COVID-19 among frontline healthcare workers and the general community: a prospective cohort study. The Lancet Prevalence of serum IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 among clinic staff SARS-CoV-2 infection in health care workers: a retrospective analysis and a model study COVID-19 infections among healthcare workers exposed to a patient with a delayed diagnosis of COVID-19 Containment of a traceable COVID-19 outbreak among healthcare workers at a hematopoietic stem cell transplantation unit SARS-CoV-2 infection in health care Transmission of COVID-19 to health care personnel during exposures to a hospitalized patient COVID-19 screening of health-care workers in a London maternity hospital COVID-2019) infection among health care workers and implications for prevention measures in a tertiary hospital in Wuhan, China Epidemiological,clinical and radiological findings in medical staff with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a single-centered Prevention and protection measures of healthcare workers exposed in health settings to severe acute respiratory infections from SARS-CoV-2 in a univeristy hospital in Bari, Apulia Region, southern Italy Occupational exposures and programmatic response to COVID-19 pandemic: an emergency medical services experience Risk factors of healthcare workers with Corona Virus Disease 2019: a retrospective cohort study in a designated hospital of Wuhan in China COVID-19: PCR screening of asymptomatic health-care workers at London hospital Epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in medical staff members of neurosurgery departments in Hubei province: A multicentre descriptive study Investigation of nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 transmission from two patients to health care workers identifies close contact but not airborne transmission events Symptom criteria for COVID-19 testing of health care workers Psychological impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak on healthcare workers in China Impact of COVID-19 outbreak on healthcare workers in Italy: results from a national e-survey Report of 5 nurses infecting COVID-19 during patient care: case Series Impact on mental health and perceptions of psychological care among medical and nursing staff in Wuhan during the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease outbreak: a cross-sectional study Prevalence and clinical presentation of health care workers with symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 in 2 Dutch hospitals during an early phase of the pandemic SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody detection in healthcare workers in Germany with direct contact to COVID-19 patients Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in health workers (HWs) and diagnostic test performance: the experience of a teaching hospital in Central Italy The prevalence and influencing factors for anxiety in medical workers fighting COVID-19 in China: A cross-sectional survey Characteristics of 1,573 healthcare workers who underwent nasopharyngeal swab for SARS-CoV-2 in Milano Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Gastroenterology Divisions in Italy: a national survey COVID-19 mortality in Italian doctors Screening of healthcare workers for SARS-CoV-2 highlights the role of asymptomatic carriage in COVID-19 transmission COVID-19 Psychological impact in 3109 healthcare workers in Spain: The PSIMCOV Group Outbreak investigation of COVID-19 among residents and staff of an independent and assisted living community for older adults in SARS-CoV-2 seroconversion in health care workers COVID-19 in healthcare workers in three hospitals in the South of the Netherlands Serological prevalence of antibodies to SARS CoV-2 amongst cancer centre staff Comparing hospitalised, community and staff COVID-19 infection rates during the early phase of the evolving COVID-19 epidemic COVID-19 cluster study at a teaching hospital At the height of the storm: Healthcare staff's health conditions and job satisfaction and their associated predictors during the epidemic peak of COVID-19 Analysis of the infection status of the health care workers in Wuhan during the COVID-19 outbreak: A cross-sectional study COVID-19 in Wuhan: immediate psychological impact on 5062 health workers Deaths from COVID-19 in healthcare workers in Italy -what can we learn?
    keywords: care; covid-19; health; healthcare; infection; workers
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        item: #2891 of 5187
          id: cord-309728-7vfotgrr
      author: Johnson, Kristen M.
       title: Managing COVID‐19 in Renal Transplant Recipients: A Review of Recent Literature and Case Supporting Corticosteroid‐sparing Immunosuppression
        date: 2020-05-26
       words: 3206
      flesch: 31
     summary: Very little data are currently available regarding the optimal medical management of renal transplant patients testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 including strategies for reducing or modifying immunosuppression. The authors cited that the use of corticosteroids to maintain immunosuppression in these patients likely increased the risk for these infections and warrants caution with the use of corticosteroids in maintaining immunosuppression for transplant patients with SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: cov-2; day; disease; immunosuppression; patients; recipients; sars; transplant
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        item: #2892 of 5187
          id: cord-309729-nd48uh8e
      author: Antunes, Adriane E.C.
       title: Potential contribution of beneficial microbes to face the COVID- 19 pandemic
        date: 2020-07-24
       words: 4849
      flesch: 27
     summary: Journal of Cystic Fibrosis, 16 (2) Gou, W., Fu, Y., Yue, L., Chen, G., Cai, X., Shuai, M., Xu, F., Yi, X., Chen, H Graphical abstract Diet, microbiota and gut-lung connection Effect of probiotics on respiratory, gastrointestinal and nutritional outcomes in patients with cystic fibrosis: a systematic The microbiota protects against respiratory infection via GM-CSF signaling An age dependent pharyngeal microbiota signature associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection Clinical characteristics of 5 COVID-19 cases with non-respiratory symptoms as the first manifestation in children Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Coronavirus Diseases 2019 (COVID-19) Treatment Guidelines The microbiota-gut-brain axis Probiotics for preventing acute upper respiratory tract infections ACE2 links amino acid malnutrition to microbial ecology and intestinal inflammation Dietary fiber and prebiotics and the gastrointestinal microbiota Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Diet supplementation, probiotics, and nutraceuticals in SARS-CoV-2 infection: a scoping review Two things about COVID-19 might need attention Specific probiotics and virological findings in symptomatic conscrips attending military service in Finland Public health and budget impact of probiotics on common respiratory tract infections: a modelling study The clinical and economic impact of probiotics consumption on respiratory tract infections: projections for Canada Enteric involvement of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus infection Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia Effects of Bifidobacterium longum BB536 administration on influenza infection, influenza vaccine antibody titer, and cell-mediated immunity in the elderly A randomized synbiotic trial to prevent sepsis among infants in rural India Specific probiotics in reducing the risk of acute infections in infancy-a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study Probiotics: reiterating what they are and what they are not ACE2 at the centre of COVID-19 from paucisymptomatic infections to severe pneumonia Gut microbiota, metabolites and host immunity Milk kefir: nutritional, microbiological and health benefits The effect of probiotics for preventing acute upper respiratory tract infections Probiotics, gut microbiota, and their influence on host health and disease The gut microbiota plays a protective role in the host defence against pneumococcal pneumonia Synbiotics modulate gut microbiota and reduce enteritis and ventilator-associated pneumonia in patients with sepsis: a randomized controlled trial Vulnerability of the industrialized microbiota Probiotics for the prevention of ventilatorassociated pneumonia: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Evaluation of the probiotic Lactobacillus coryniformis K8 on COVID-19 prevention in healthcare workers (Clinical Trial gov Identifier NCT04366180, 2020) Oxygen-ozone as adjuvant treatment in early control of COVID-19 progression and modulation of the gut microbial flora (PROBIOZOVID) (Clinical Trial gov Identifier NCT04366089, 2020) Probiotics for the prevention of respiratory tract infections: a systematic review Effect of Lactobacillus gasseri PA 16/8, Bifidobacterium longum SP 07/3, B. bifidum MF 20/5 on common cold episodes: a double blind, randomized, controlled trial Effects of probiotic Lactobacillus brevis KB290 on incidence of influenza infection among schoolchildren: an open-label pilot study Review of the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) based on current evidence Probiotics for prevention and treatment of respiratory tract infections in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Clinical management of severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) when COVID-19 disease is suspected: interim guidance A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China High expression of ACE2 receptor of 2019-nCoV on the epithelial cells of oral mucosa Management of COVID-19: the Zhejiang experience Exuberant elevation of IP-10, MCP-3 and IL-1ra during 902 SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with disease severity and fatal outcome MERS, SARS and other coronaviruses as causes of pneumonia
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; et al; foods; gut; immunity; infection; microbiota; probiotics; sars; symptoms
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        item: #2893 of 5187
          id: cord-309737-u960ftdm
      author: Lolachi, Sanaz
       title: Macrophage activation syndrome as an unusual presentation of paucisymptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection: A case report
        date: 2020-08-07
       words: 1555
      flesch: 35
     summary: key: cord-309737-u960ftdm authors: Lolachi, Sanaz; Morin, Sarah; Coen, Matteo; Samii, Kaveh; Calmy, Alexandra; Serratrice, Jacques title: Macrophage activation syndrome as an unusual presentation of paucisymptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection: A case report date: 2020-08-07 journal: Medicine (Baltimore) DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000021570 sha: doc_id: 309737 cord_uid: u960ftdm RATIONALE: Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is a rare life-threatening condition characterized by cytokine-mediated tissue injury and multiorgan dysfunction.
    keywords: cov-2; mas; sars; syndrome
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        item: #2894 of 5187
          id: cord-309794-scqkyr5g
      author: Sharif‐Askari, Fatemeh Saheb
       title: Are patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps at a decreased risk of COVID‐19 infection?
        date: 2020-08-05
       words: 1888
      flesch: 45
     summary: The analysis from our study provide further evidence that type 2 or eosinophilic inflammation are biased more towards lowering ACE2 gene expression, in the context of CRS as well; and show for the first-time that steroids may have a protective effect by downregulating ACE2 expression in the nasal tissues of CRS. The data shows that treatment with budesonide downregulated ACE2 expression levels in the treated compared to untreated BEAS-2B cells.
    keywords: ace2; expression; nasal; tissue
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        item: #2895 of 5187
          id: cord-309829-3dlfcy31
      author: Parupudi, Tejasvi
       title: Evidence-based point-of-care technology development during the COVID-19 pandemic
        date: 2020-11-09
       words: 4776
      flesch: 40
     summary: Diagnostic tests are actively useful and improve patient outcomes only when they are used in the right settings. [8] described emerging diagnostic platforms, developmental phases of diagnostic tests and the role of smartphone capabilities such as connectivity, databasing and onboard hardware in formulating evidencebased disease response for policy makers and healthcare systems worldwide.
    keywords: blood; care; cov-2; covid-19; detection; disease; patient; point; sars; testing; tests; use
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        item: #2896 of 5187
          id: cord-309856-flkjl1dm
      author: Westblade, Lars F.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load Predicts Mortality in Patients with and Without Cancer Who Are Hospitalized with COVID-19
        date: 2020-09-15
       words: 1975
      flesch: 35
     summary: Although steroid use correlated with 239 chronic lung disease, the association between inhaled or nasal steroid use and high viral load 240 was also observed in a post-hoc analysis limited to patients with asthma or chronic obstructive 241 pulmonary disease. Furthermore, patients with hematologic malignancies had higher viral loads than patients 280 without cancer, particularly those who had received chemotherapy or targeted therapies.
    keywords: cancer; load; mortality; patients
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        item: #2897 of 5187
          id: cord-309869-gk0svt2f
      author: Wiwanitkit, Viroj
       title: SARS-CoV-2 in Semen
        date: 2020-10-23
       words: 234
      flesch: 52
     summary: Nevertheless, a recent meta-analysis still noted that there is still a requirement for caution on the possibility of COVID-19 transmission via sexual contact [4] . Investigation of SARS-CoV-2 in semen of patients in the acute stage of COVID-19 infection Italian males recovering from mild COVID-19 show no evidence of SARS-CoV-2 in semen despite prolonged nasopharyngeal swab positivity Male fertility and the COVID-19 pandemic: systematic review of the literature Atypical modes of COVID-19 transmission: how likely are they?
    keywords: semen
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        item: #2898 of 5187
          id: cord-309876-l0xginsa
      author: Vena, Antonio
       title: Prevalence of Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in Italian Adults and Associated Risk Factors
        date: 2020-08-27
       words: 3076
      flesch: 39
     summary: A nationwide, population-based seroepidemiological study SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in adults in Madrid Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2-Specific Antibodies Estimated Community Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies-Two Georgia Counties Population Point Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Based on a Statewide Random Sample-Indiana SARS-CoV-2 IgG seroprevalence in blood donors located in three different federal states Seroprevalence of Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in 10 Sites in the United States Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 among blood donors in Rio de Janeiro Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 specific neutralising antibodies in blood donors from the Lodi Red Zone Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2-Specific Antibodies Among Adults Preventing the Spread of COVID-19 to Nursing Homes: Experience from a Singapore Geriatric Centre Nursing Homes with COVID-19 Cases Epidemiology of Covid-19 in a Long-Term Care Facility Understanding infection prevention and control in nursing homes: A qualitative study Infection Prevention and Control Programs in US Nursing Homes: Results of a National Survey Severe Respiratory Illness Associated with Human Metapneumovirus in Nursing Home Viral respiratory infections in a nursing home: A six-month prospective study Outbreak of Human Metapneumovirus in a Nursing Home: A Clinical Perspective Infections in Nursing Homes: Epidemiology and Prevention Programs High prevalence of olfactory and taste disorder during SARS-CoV-2 infection in outpatients CoV-2: Olfaction, Brain Infection, and the Urgent Need for Clinical Samples Allowing Earlier Virus Detection Asymptomatic coronavirus infection: MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Participants were tested for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies [Immunoglobulin G (IgG) and M (IgM) class antibodies] at three private laboratories (Istituto Diganostico Varelli, Medical Center, and Casa della Salute di Genova).
    keywords: antibodies; igg; infection; prevalence; sars; seroprevalence; study
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        item: #2899 of 5187
          id: cord-309898-sju15hev
      author: Hu, Yiwen
       title: Comparative analysis of nanomechanical features of coronavirus spike proteins and correlation with lethality and infection rate
        date: 2020-11-02
       words: 4297
      flesch: 39
     summary: key: cord-309898-sju15hev authors: Hu, Yiwen; Buehler, Markus J. title: Comparative analysis of nanomechanical features of coronavirus spike proteins and correlation with lethality and infection rate date: 2020-11-02 journal: Matter DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2020.10.032 sha: doc_id: 309898 cord_uid: sju15hev The novel coronavirus disease, COVID-19, has spread rapidly around the world. Here, we provide a novel way in understanding coronavirus spike proteins, connecting their nanomechanical features – specifically its vibrational spectrum and quantitative measures of mobility – with virus lethality and infection rate.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov; cov-2; flexibility; protein; rbd; receptor; sars; spike
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        item: #2900 of 5187
          id: cord-309914-1lpl26eo
      author: Peterson, Danielle
       title: The use of Janus kinase inhibitors in the time of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-04-09
       words: 503
      flesch: 45
     summary: 46 We analyzed and collated Adverse Events data from JAKi clinical trials. In light of the 42 growing off-label use of JAKi in dermatology in addition to pharmaceutical industry sponsored clinical 43 trials of JAKi for alopecia areata, atopic dermatitis, vitiligo, etc, dermatologists need data to better 44 understand the risks of JAKi treatment in order to best manage and counsel our patients during this 45 unique time.
    keywords: data; jaki
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        item: #2901 of 5187
          id: cord-309915-isw1arrp
      author: Perez-Jurado, L. A.
       title: Immune defects and cardiovascular risk in X chromosome monosomy mosaicism mediated by loss of chromosome Y. A risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 vulnerability in elderly men?
        date: 2020-04-24
       words: 3336
      flesch: 41
     summary: The results were consistent with LOY individuals having significantly decreased GM-progenitors and B cell naïve cells, along with increased counts of endothelial cells (Fig 2B) . Overall, gene expression in LOY individuals leads to a downregulated immune score.
    keywords: age; chromosome; covid-19; disease; license; loy; medrxiv; preprint
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        item: #2902 of 5187
          id: cord-309930-zlzuoeh2
      author: Zhou, Zhiming
       title: Coronavirus disease 2019: initial chest CT findings
        date: 2020-03-24
       words: 4239
      flesch: 45
     summary: The Chongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital, located in the northeast of Chongqing and connected to Hubei Province, is one of the designated hospitals for the centralized treatment of pneumonia patients infected by the SARS-CoV-2 and has received a large number of COVID-19 patients. Finally, 62 confirmed COVID-19 patients (34 men, 28 women; age range 20-91 years old) who had not received antiviral treatment were retrospectively reviewed.
    keywords: chest; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; group; patients; sars; stage
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        item: #2903 of 5187
          id: cord-309931-cpzp33b3
      author: Zawawi, Ayat
       title: The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on malaria elimination
        date: 2020-10-20
       words: 4189
      flesch: 44
     summary: The overuse of CQ in India might lead to a shortage of CQ and thus might increase the number of morbidity and mortality due to malaria infection during COVID-19 crisis. Severe malaria infection is usually associated with multi-organ failure in adults and respiratory distress in children, presenting what is commonly seen in COVID-19 infected patients [41] .
    keywords: africa; control; coronavirus; countries; covid-19; health; infection; malaria; sars; world
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        item: #2904 of 5187
          id: cord-309934-kcyao9i9
      author: Tan, Emily L.C.
       title: Inhibition of SARS Coronavirus Infection In Vitro with Clinically Approved Antiviral Drugs
        date: 2004-04-17
       words: 3500
      flesch: 39
     summary: However, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention concluded that further in vitro testing of antiviral drugs on other coronavirus isolates and more information on the clinical outcome of patients treated with ribavirin or other antiviral drugs in controlled trials is needed (5) . A cell-based assay utilizing cytopathic endpoints (CPE) was set up using Vero E6 cells to screen these antiviral compounds.
    keywords: activity; cells; cov; interferon; ribavirin; sars
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        item: #2905 of 5187
          id: cord-309970-jkmjiika
      author: Liu, Qin
       title: From SARS to COVID-19: What lessons have we learned?
        date: 2020-08-21
       words: 3427
      flesch: 47
     summary: Notice on the issuance of COVID-19 protocol (trial seventh edition) 2019-nCoV transmission through the ocular surface must not be ignored The epidemiology and pathogenesis of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records Covert coronavirus infections could be seeding new outbreaks Estimating the asymptomatic proportion of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases on board the Diamond Princess cruise ship Clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, and treatment outcomes of SARS patients Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): imaging findings during the acute and recovery phases of disease Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study A major outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome Thoughts on the etiology and pathogenesis of COVID-19 in Traditional Chinese medicine Symptom-based stratification of autoimmune diseases Lianhuaqingwen exerts anti-viral and anti-inflammatory activity against novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) SARS patients mainly present with fever and chills, accompanied by systemic and respiratory symptoms including mild fever and muscle pain.
    keywords: cases; china; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; epidemic; patients; sars
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        item: #2906 of 5187
          id: cord-309986-p7pqla6l
      author: Harkin, Timothy J
       title: Delayed diagnosis of COVID-19 in a 34-year-old man with atypical presentation
        date: 2020-05-18
       words: 2116
      flesch: 45
     summary: On hospital day 9, bronchoscopy was done with appropriate personal and environmental protection precautions for COVID-19, including intubation. Alternatively, a different infection might have caused the early sepsis presentation, with clinical improvement up to day 4 related to appropriate treatment with antibiotics, after which COVID-19 manifested on day 5, causing clinical worsening.
    keywords: bal; cov-2; covid-19; day; patient; sars
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        item: #2907 of 5187
          id: cord-309999-izdl0f2i
      author: Qin, Ede
       title: Immunogenicity and protective efficacy in monkeys of purified inactivated Vero-cell SARS vaccine
        date: 2006-02-13
       words: 3947
      flesch: 43
     summary: The purity of SARS vaccine was 97.6% by HPLC identification and reacted with convalescent sera of SARS patients. HPLC analysis showed that the purity of SARS vaccine was 97.6%.
    keywords: antibody; control; cov; group; immunization; levels; monkeys; sars; vaccine
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        item: #2908 of 5187
          id: cord-310008-hwpn7ti1
      author: Lyons-Weiler, James
       title: Pathogenic priming likely contributes to serious and critical illness and mortality in COVID-19 via autoimmunity
        date: 2020-04-09
       words: 2092
      flesch: 35
     summary: Immunogenic peptides in viruses or bacteria that match human proteins are good candidates for pathogenic priming peptides (similar to the more diffuse idea of “immune enhancement”). SAR-CoV-2 spike proteins, and all other SARS-CoV-2 proteins, immunogenic epitopes in each SARS-CoV-2 protein were compared to human proteins in search of high local homologous matching.
    keywords: cov-2; human; proteins; sars
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        item: #2909 of 5187
          id: cord-310017-c8rd714a
      author: Popa, Alexandra
       title: Mutational dynamics and transmission properties of SARS-CoV-2 superspreading events in Austria
        date: 2020-07-17
       words: 5576
      flesch: 39
     summary: Together, these results from two superspreading events (Tyrol-1, 5 Vienna-1) demonstrate the power of deep viral genome sequencing in combination with detailed epidemiological data for observing viral mutation on their way from emergence at low frequency to fixation. The patientspecific dynamics of viral mutation frequencies may indicate influences of both host-intrinsic 30 factors such as immune responses and overall state of their health as well as extrinsic factors such as different treatment protocols.
    keywords: analysis; cases; cluster; cov-2; data; epidemiological; fig; genome; mutations; samples; sars; sequences; transmission
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        item: #2910 of 5187
          id: cord-310027-846vp7ii
      author: Ma, Lin-Lu
       title: Coronavirus Disease 2019 Related Clinical Studies: A Cross-Sectional Analysis
        date: 2020-09-02
       words: 4252
      flesch: 43
     summary: We did an electronic search of COVID-19 related clinical studies registered between December 1, 2019 and February 21, 2020 (updated to May 28, 2020) from the ClinicalTrials.gov, and collected registration information, study details, recruitment status, characteristics of the subjects, and relevant information about the trial implementation process. Registration of COVID-19 related clinical studies is ongoing.
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; patients; registration; studies; study; treatment; trials
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        item: #2911 of 5187
          id: cord-310042-9z8rkzq8
      author: Aysha, Al‐Ani
       title: Practical management of inflammatory bowel disease patients during the COVID‐19 pandemic: expert commentary from the Gastroenterological Society of Australia Inflammatory Bowel Disease faculty
        date: 2020-07-12
       words: 3473
      flesch: 37
     summary: A significant proportion of IBD patients are treated with long-term immunomodulator/immunosuppressive therapy which potentially places them at increased risk of infections and associated complications. Despite concerns regarding immunosuppression and consequent predisposition to infection, there is no evidence to suggest increased infection rates of COVID-19 in IBD patients to date.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; disease; ibd; infection; patients; risk; sars; symptoms
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        item: #2912 of 5187
          id: cord-310051-bl8l4bgo
      author: Leitner, Thomas
       title: Where did SARS-CoV-2 come from?
        date: 2020-07-06
       words: 1188
      flesch: 41
     summary: Pangolins were implicated based on the identification of several SARS-CoV-2related viruses, including one with a similar RBD to SARS-CoV-2 (Lam et al. 2020) , and 90-100% amino acid identity to different SARS-CoV-2 proteins (Xiao et al. 2020) . Identification of the zoonotic origin of SARS-CoV-2 may be particularly challenging, as coronaviruses frequently recombine and are found in many different host species in the wild (Graham and Baric 2010) .
    keywords: cov-2; sars
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        item: #2913 of 5187
          id: cord-310061-nro623aa
      author: Valitutto, Marc T.
       title: Detection of novel coronaviruses in bats in Myanmar
        date: 2020-04-09
       words: 3682
      flesch: 42
     summary: Supporting information S1 Fauci AS The challenge of emerging and reemerging infectious diseases Factors in the emergence of infectious diseases Host range and emerging and reemerging pathogens Global trends in emerging infectious diseases Risk factors for human disease emergence Human ecology in pathogenic landscapes: two hypotheses on how land use change drives viral emergence Ecology of zoonoses; natural and unnatural histories Impacts of biodiversity on the emergence and transmission of infectious diseases Diseases of humans and their domestic mammals: pathogen characteristics, host range and the risk of emergence Bat origin of human coronaviruses Bats: Important reservoir hosts of emerging viruses Host and viral traits predict zoonotic spillover from mammals Bats as reservoirs of severe emerging infectious diseases Isolation and characterization of a bat SARS-like coronavirus that uses the ACE2 receptor Bats are natural reservoirs of SARS-like coronaviruses Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-like virus in Chinese horseshoe bats Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in bats, Saudi Arabia Further evidence for bats as the evolutionary source of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Global epidemiology of bat coronaviruses Bats and coronaviruses Discovery of seven novel mammalian and avian coronaviruses in the genus Deltacoronavirus supports bat coronaviruses as the gene source of Alphacoronavirus and Betacoronavirus and avian coronaviruses as the gene source of Gammacoronavirus and Deltacoronavirus Fatal swine acute diarrhea syndrome caused by an HKU2-related coronavirus of bat origin A new bat-HKU2-like coronavirus in swine Prevalence and genetic diversity of coronaviruses in bats from China Bat coronavirus in Brazil related to Appalachian Ridge and porcine epidemic diarrhea viruses Ecosystem services provided by bats Global patterns in coronavirus diversity Optimizing viral discovery in bats Global hotspots and correlates of emerging zoonotic diseases Emerging infectious diseases in southeast Asia: regional challenges to control Zoonoses in South-East Asia: a regional burden, a global threat Bat coronaviruses and experimental infection of bats, the Philippines Identification of a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-like virus in a leaf-nosed bat in Nigeria Identification of mosquito bloodmeals using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I and cytochrome b gene sequences PREDICT 1 & 2 Test Data HealthMap Database Group C betacoronavirus in bat guano fertilizer Coronaviruses in guano from Pteropus medius bats in Peradeniya Diversity of coronavirus in bats from Eastern Thailand Virome profiling of bats from Myanmar by metagenomic analysis of tissue samples reveals more novel mammalian viruses Circulation of Alphacoronavirus, Betacoronavirus and Paramyxovirus in Hipposideros bat species in Zimbabwe Recombination, reservoirs, and the modular spike: mechanisms of coronavirus cross-species transmission Bats, coronaviruses, and deforestation: Toward the emergence of novel infectious diseases? key: cord-310061-nro623aa authors: Valitutto, Marc T.; Aung, Ohnmar; Tun, Kyaw Yan Naing; Vodzak, Megan E.; Zimmerman, Dawn; Yu, Jennifer H.; Win, Ye Tun; Maw, Min Thein; Thein, Wai Zin; Win, Htay Htay; Dhanota, Jasjeet; Ontiveros, Victoria; Smith, Brett; Tremeau-Brevard, Alexandre; Goldstein, Tracey; Johnson, Christine K.; Murray, Suzan; Mazet, Jonna title: Detection of novel coronaviruses in bats in Myanmar date: 2020-04-09 journal: PLoS One DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230802 sha: doc_id: 310061 cord_uid: nro623aa The recent emergence of bat-borne zoonotic viruses warrants vigilant surveillance in their natural hosts.
    keywords: bats; coronaviruses; guano; health; host; human; myanmar; samples; sars; species
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        item: #2914 of 5187
          id: cord-310062-mmlh9i1o
      author: Luo, Haibin
       title: In vitro biochemical and thermodynamic characterization of nucleocapsid protein of SARS
        date: 2004-12-01
       words: 5169
      flesch: 54
     summary: NP protein oligomerization. NP concentration was higher than 4 AM (0.2 mg/ml), the binding level exceeded the immobilized one (2400 RU) on the sensor chip and increased in a linear way; this may be tentatively attributed to the formation of trimer (or higher polymer) for SRAS _
    keywords: concentration; gel; protein; sars; unfolding
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        item: #2915 of 5187
          id: cord-310063-8nbmrjrw
      author: Selva, K. J.
       title: Distinct systems serology features in children, elderly and COVID patients
        date: 2020-05-18
       words: 3789
      flesch: 46
     summary: Of interest, SARS-CoV-1 153 Abs that engaged FcgRIIIa-V158, were highly correlated with SARS-CoV-2 Ab responses, 154 potentially due to their high sequence similarity (77%) (Extended Data Figure 3) with FcγR signatures to a range of CoV. Amino acid (aa) alignment analyses of NP and S1 proteins 162 showed that there is 91% (NP) and 77% (S1) aa similarity between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV-1 163 proteins, while SARS-COV-2 and MERS share 47% (NP) aa similarity, hCoVs NL63 and 229E share 164 29% and 26% aa similarity, respectively in NP, and hCoV HKU and 229E share 28% and 27% in S1, CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license It is made available under a is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. (g) Correlation network analysis for COVID-19 patients was performed to 787 identify features significantly associated with the Elastic-Net selected features Ab feature type (colour), antigen (shape), correlation strength (line thickness, alpha <0.05) and 789 correlation coefficient (line colour).
    keywords: author; funder; international; license; medrxiv; preprint; sars
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        item: #2916 of 5187
          id: cord-310064-p8u424ch
      author: Katz, Andrew P.
       title: False‐positive reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction screening for SARS‐CoV‐2 in the setting of urgent head and neck surgery and otolaryngologic emergencies during the pandemic: Clinical implications
        date: 2020-06-12
       words: 4510
      flesch: 44
     summary: We sparked conversation with infectious disease physicians, pulmonologists, and particularly infectious disease specialists who were now specializing in the care of COVID-19 positive patients to seek expert opinions. While COVID-specific units are appropriate and necessary for the safe treatment of COVID-positive patients, the misplacement of false positive patients in these units exposes the patients to SARS-CoV-2 at an unnecessarily high rate.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; patients; pcr; sars; surgery; testing; tests
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        item: #2917 of 5187
          id: cord-310091-x31g02xw
      author: Zhang, Zhilan
       title: Pan-cancer analysis reveals that ACE2 is positively associated with immunotherapy response and is a potential protective factor for cancer progression
        date: 2020-09-02
       words: 2956
      flesch: 37
     summary: SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor Structural and Functional Basis of SARS-CoV-2 Entry by Using Human ACE2 Structural basis for the recognition of SARS-CoV-2 by full-length human ACE2 Structure of the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain bound to the ACE2 receptor Angiotensin-converting enzyme II in the heart and the kidney Expression of the SARS-CoV-2 cell receptor gene ACE2 in a wide variety of human tissues Cigarette Smoke Exposure and Inflammatory Signaling Increase the Expression of the SARS-CoV-2 Receptor ACE2 in the Respiratory Tract The pivotal link between ACE2 deficiency and SARS-CoV-2 infection ACE2 correlated with immune infiltration serves as a prognostic biomarker in endometrial carcinoma and renal papillary cell carcinoma: implication for COVID-19 A profiling analysis on the receptor ACE2 expression reveals the potential risk of different type of cancers vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 infection Genetic alteration, RNA expression, and DNA methylation profiling of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) receptor ACE2 in malignancies: a pancancer analysis Elevated expression of ACE2 in tumor-adjacent normal tissues of cancer patients ACE2 expression levels inversely correlated with the activity of cell cycle, mismatch repair, TGF-β, Wnt, VEGF, and Notch signaling pathways.
    keywords: ace2; cancer; cell; cov-2; expression; immune; tumor
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        item: #2918 of 5187
          id: cord-310096-a242g5kg
      author: Yokota, I.
       title: Mass screening of asymptomatic persons for SARS-CoV-2 using saliva
        date: 2020-08-14
       words: 1957
      flesch: 36
     summary: In this study, we confirmed this in a large population of asymptomatic persons using saliva samples; there were no samples that were We declare no competing interests. [9] [10] [11] [12] , the utility of saliva in detecting the virus in asymptomatic persons remains to be elucidated.
    keywords: asymptomatic; nps; pcr; saliva; sars
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        item: #2919 of 5187
          id: cord-310124-3bc8zeww
      author: Ratajczak, Mariusz Z.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 Entry Receptor ACE2 Is Expressed on Very Small CD45(−) Precursors of Hematopoietic and Endothelial Cells and in Response to Virus Spike Protein Activates the Nlrp3 Inflammasome
        date: 2020-07-20
       words: 5172
      flesch: 45
     summary: But at the same time, while expressed on the surface of human cells, ACE2 is the entry receptor for SARS-CoV-2. SARS-CoV-2 may i) directly infect human cells and lead to their lysis or damage or ii) upregulate mediators of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), which may eliminate cells in a Nlrp3 inflammasome hyperactivation-mediated manner by pyroptosis
    keywords: ace2; angiotensin; cells; cov-2; hscs; human; inflammasome; nlrp3; sars; stem; vsels
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        item: #2920 of 5187
          id: cord-310160-55yltan1
      author: Pham, Jimmykim
       title: Performance Characteristics of a High-Throughput Automated Transcription-Mediated Amplification Test for SARS-CoV-2 Detection
        date: 2020-09-22
       words: 2745
      flesch: 36
     summary: NP swab specimens have been considered the gold standard sampling method for respiratory virus infection (9) , as it has been reported that nasal swab or OP swab samples may have a slightly lower sensitivity than NP swab samples (10, 11) . Analytical sensitivity was confirmed by diluting stock SARS-CoV-2 virus in STM into four specimen matrices (pooled NP swab specimens, STM, saline, and liquid Amies transport medium (Copan, Murrieta, CA) at 0.003 TCID 50 /ml for NP swab, STM, and saline and 0.003 and 0.01 TCID 50 /ml for liquid Amies (n ϭ 20 replicates for each determination).
    keywords: assay; detection; sars; specimens; swab; tma
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        item: #2921 of 5187
          id: cord-310184-qth1y88o
      author: Alunno, Alessia
       title: Storm, typhoon, cyclone or hurricane in patients with COVID-19? Beware of the same storm that has a different origin
        date: 2020-05-18
       words: 2987
      flesch: 29
     summary: Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China Role of immunosuppressive therapy in rheumatic diseases concurrent with COVID-19 Aberrant pathogenic GM-CSF+ T cells and inflammatory CD14+CD16+ monocytes in severe pulmonary syndrome patients of a new coronavirus On the alert for cytokine storm: immunopathology in COVID-19 COVID-19: consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression The role of cytokines including interleukin-6 in COVID-19 induced pneumonia and macrophage activation syndrome-like disease Cytokine release syndrome: current perspectives Adult haemophagocytic syndrome Recommendations for the management of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in adults Induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1 and IL-6) and lung inflammation by COVID-19: anti-inflammatory strategies Lung pathology of fatal severe acute respiratory syndrome HLH-2004:diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines for hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis Development and validation of the HScore, a score for the diagnosis of reactive hemophagocytic syndrome Clinical predictors of mortality due to COVID-19 based on an analysis of data of 150 patients from Wuhan, China The hyperferritinemic syndrome: macrophage activation syndrome, Still's disease, septic shock and catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome Emergent high fatality lung disease in systemic juvenile arthritis New functions for an iron storage protein: the role of ferritin in immunity and autoimmunity Ferritin to erythrocyte sedimentation rate ratio: simple measure to identify macrophage activation syndrome in systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis COVID-19 infection in children Kawasaki disease: the role of immune complexes revisited Macrophage activation syndrome in Kawasaki disease: more common than we thought? Classification criteria for macrophage activation syndrome complicating systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a European League Against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology/Paediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organisation Collaborative Initiative The different clinical characteristics of corona virus disease cases between children and their families in China -the character of children with COVID-19 COVID-19 in children and altered inflammatory responses Epidemiology and clinical features of coronavirus disease 2019 in children COVID-19 illness in native and immunosuppressed states: a clinical-therapeutic staging proposal Cytokines in sepsis: potent immunoregulators and potential therapeutic targets: an updated view Clinical evidence does not support corticosteroid treatment for 2019-nCoV lung injury Contributors AA, FC and JRC drafted, read and approved the final manuscript. 6 7 However, to guide therapeutic decisions, the heterogeneity under the umbrella of cytokine storm syndromes must be appraised.
    keywords: covid-19; cytokine; disease; ferritin; lung; patients; storm; syndrome
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        item: #2922 of 5187
          id: cord-310195-am3u7z76
      author: Waller, J.
       title: Immunity Passports for SARS-CoV-2: an online experimental study of the impact of antibody test terminology on perceived risk and behaviour
        date: 2020-05-10
       words: 4814
      flesch: 51
     summary: The effectiveness of antibody tests for SARS-CoV-2 will depend not only on the extent and duration of any immunity conferred and the performance of a test, but also upon a good understanding of the meaning of tests results among those offered them. While we found no evidence for a direct effect on protective behaviours of the terms used to describe antibody tests results, there was indirect evidence that perceiving no risk of future infection might reduce frequency of handwashing.
    keywords: antibody; coronavirus; license; preprint; result; risk; test
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        item: #2923 of 5187
          id: cord-310201-70fj4fhr
      author: Wei, D.-Q.
       title: Anti-SARS drug screening by molecular docking
        date: 2006-05-22
       words: 3578
      flesch: 53
     summary: An example is given in Fig. 1 to show the complex of docking ligand 7 to SARS Mpro. The experimental structure of SARS CoV Mpro was first determined by Yang et al.
    keywords: cov; energy; et al; ligand; mpro; sars
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        item: #2924 of 5187
          id: cord-310221-car394ou
      author: Chandrashekar, Abishek
       title: SARS-CoV-2 infection protects against rechallenge in rhesus macaques
        date: 2020-05-20
       words: 2543
      flesch: 34
     summary: On day 35 following initial viral infection (Figs. 1 and 2), we rechallenged all 9 rhesus macaques with the same doses of SARS-CoV-2 that were utilized for the primary infection, namely 1.1 × 10 6 PFU (Group 1; N = 3), 1.1 × 10 5 PFU (Group 2; N = 3), or 1.1 × 10 4 PFU (Group 3; N = 3). Multifocal clusters of virus infected cells were present throughout the lung parenchyma, as detected by immunohistochemistry and in situ RNA hybridization (RNAscope) (14, 15) To further characterize infected tissues, we performed cyclic immunofluorescence (CyCIF) imaging, a method for multiplex immunophenotyping of paraformaldehyde fixed tissue specimens (16) .
    keywords: animals; fig; immunity; infection; rechallenge; responses; sars; virus
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        item: #2925 of 5187
          id: cord-310230-9wfb43gt
      author: Ghorbani, Mahdi
       title: Critical Sequence Hot-spots for Binding of nCOV-2019 to ACE2 as Evaluated by Molecular Simulations
        date: 2020-06-27
       words: 3482
      flesch: 45
     summary: Fine Mapping and Functional Characterization Development and Characterization of a Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Associated Coronavirus-Neutralizing Human Monoclonal Antibody That Provides Effective Immunoprophylaxis in Mice Neutralizing Human Monoclonal Antibodies to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus: Target, Mechanism of Action, and Therapeutic Potential Human Monoclonal Antibody Combination against SARS Coronavirus: Synergy and Coverage of Escape Mutants Vaccine Efficacy in Senescent Mice Challenged with Recombinant SARS-CoV Bearing Epidemic and Zoonotic Spike Variants Structural Basis for Potent Cross-Neutralizing Human Monoclonal Antibody Protection against Lethal Human and Zoonotic Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Challenge Escape from Human Monoclonal Antibody Neutralization Affects In Vitro and In Vivo Fitness of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Disease and Diplomacy: GISAID's Innovative Contribution to Global Health Structural Basis for Receptor Recognition by the Novel Coronavirus from Wuhan MCSM-PPI2: predicting the effects of mutations on protein The SARS Coronavirus S Glycoprotein Receptor Binding Domain: Residues K479 and S487 in SARS-Civet are in close proximity with these hotspots and mutations at these residues caused SARS to bind ACE2 with significantly higher affinity than SARS-Civet and played a major role in civet-to-human and human-to-human transmission of SARS coronavirus in 2002.
    keywords: ace2; binding; coronavirus; human; mutations; ncov-2019; rbd; receptor; sars
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        item: #2926 of 5187
          id: cord-310239-mmvuij3k
      author: Arentz, Susan
       title: Clinical significance summary: Preliminary results of a rapid review of zinc for the prevention and treatment of SARS-CoV-2 and other acute viral respiratory infections
        date: 2020-08-01
       words: 3943
      flesch: 38
     summary: Alternative therapies in health and medicine European Commission Health & Consumer Protection Directorate-General: Scientific Committee on Food Estimating the global prevalence of zinc deficiency: results based on zinc availability in national food supplies and the prevalence of stunting National risk of zinc deficiency as estimated by national surveys Use of national food balance data to estimate the adequacy of zinc in national food supplies: methodology and regional estimates Indicators of zinc status at the population level: a review of the evidence Zinc: the missing link in combating micronutrient malnutrition in developing countries Assessing zinc in humans. Mineral intakes of elderly adult supplement and nonsupplement users in the third national health and nutrition examination survey Rink L: Correlation between zinc status and immune function in the elderly Prevalence of zinc deficiency and its clinical relevance among hospitalised elderly.
    keywords: cov-2; deficiency; duration; infections; prevention; review; sars; status; treatment; zinc
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        item: #2927 of 5187
          id: cord-310291-z79x349o
      author: Holland, LaRinda A.
       title: An 81-Nucleotide Deletion in SARS-CoV-2 ORF7a Identified from Sentinel Surveillance in Arizona (January to March 2020)
        date: 2020-07-01
       words: 1065
      flesch: 38
     summary: Virus Evol 4:vey016 Dating of the human-ape splitting by a molecular clock of mitochondrial DNA Maximum likelihood phylogenetic estimation from DNA sequences with variable rates over sites: approximate methods GENIE: estimating demographic history from molecular phylogenies Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus ORF7a inhibits bone marrow stromal antigen 2 virion tethering through a novel mechanism of glycosylation interference SARS coronavirus 7a protein blocks cell cycle progression at G0/G1 phase via the cyclin D3/pRb pathway Overexpression of 7a, a protein specifically encoded by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, induces apoptosis via a caspasedependent pathway Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus gene 7 products contribute to virus-induced apoptosis Structure and intracellular targeting of the SARS-coronavirus Orf7a accessory protein Discovery of a 382-nt deletion during the early evolution of SARS-CoV-2 Attenuation of replication by a 29 nucleotide deletion in SARS-coronavirus acquired during the early stages of human-to-human transmission Posterior summarization in bayesian phylogenetics using Tracer 1.7 We mapped quality-filtered reads to a reference SARS-CoV-2 genome (MN908947) using BBMap (version 39.64) to generate three full-length genomes: AZ-ASU2922 (376ϫ coverage), AZ-ASU2923 (50ϫ), and AZ-ASU2936 (879ϫ) (Geneious prime, version 2020.0.5).
    keywords: arizona; coronavirus; deletion; orf7a; sars
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        item: #2928 of 5187
          id: cord-310299-isdsestc
      author: Hosseini, Akram A.
       title: Delirium as a presenting feature in COVID-19: neuroinvasive infection or autoimmune encephalopathy?
        date: 2020-06-09
       words: 986
      flesch: 42
     summary: Viruses Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus. (SARS-CoV-2) Human Coronaviruses and Other Respiratory Viruses: Underestimated Opportunistic Pathogens of the Central Nervous System?
    keywords: brain; cov2; csf; sars
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        item: #2929 of 5187
          id: cord-310304-f28tjmi8
      author: Alcendor, Donald J.
       title: Racial Disparities-Associated COVID-19 Mortality among Minority Populations in the US
        date: 2020-07-30
       words: 7730
      flesch: 35
     summary: Aggressive strategies to help minority patients at higher risk understand the seriousness of COVID-19 disease could include direct mailings, providing patients with samples of masks and sanitizers, COVID-19 office placards, COVID-19 infomercials in waiting areas, wellness checks, and COVID-19 information for family members and caretakers. COVID-19 patients with diabetes are at increased risk of having adverse clinical complications, including death [37, 38] .
    keywords: ace2; angiotensin; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; diabetes; disease; health; infection; minority; patients; respiratory; risk; sars
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        item: #2930 of 5187
          id: cord-310331-29srzbuk
      author: Xu, Jiuyang
       title: 2019 novel Coronavirus outbreak: a quiz or final exam?
        date: 2020-03-20
       words: 2030
      flesch: 48
     summary: Front Med DOI: 10.1007/s11684-020-0753-1 sha: doc_id: 310331 cord_uid: 29srzbuk The 2019 novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is an emerging pathogen and is threatening the global health. 2019-nCoV is the third highly pathogenic coronavirus emerging in the 21st century, also one of the epidemics or pandemics since the millennium (Fig. 1) .
    keywords: china; coronavirus; health; ncov; novel; outbreak
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        item: #2931 of 5187
          id: cord-310333-70ldbw3r
      author: de Souza, Wanderley
       title: COVID-19 and parasitology
        date: 2020-05-30
       words: 843
      flesch: 39
     summary: Several recent studies in different countries that used metatranscriptomic analysis of blood from patients with malaria, as well as from transmitting mosquitoes, revealed the presence of a sequence similar to that of an RNA narnavirus (designated as Mathryoskha RNA virus 1) in Plasmodium vivax, as well as in transmitting mosquitoes, but not in the blood of patients infected with P. falciparum or P. knowlesi. Viruses, such as the agents of Dengue, Zika, Chikungunya, and Yellow Fever, continue to infect thousands of people worldwide.
    keywords: sars
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        item: #2932 of 5187
          id: cord-310392-fmobf1f1
      author: Sekizuka, Tsuyoshi
       title: SARS-CoV-2 Genome Analysis of Japanese Travelers in Nile River Cruise
        date: 2020-06-05
       words: 2420
      flesch: 51
     summary: In this study, we have evaluated viral genome sequences from SARS-CoV-2-positive travelers who returned from Egypt, and characterized the haplotype networks to demonstrate possible routes of the spread. We evaluated viral genome sequences from 10 SARS-CoV-2positive travelers who returned from Egypt, as well as their close contacts, to identify possible routes of spread.
    keywords: cov-2; egypt; figure; genome; patients; sars; sequences
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        item: #2933 of 5187
          id: cord-310396-jitao9k0
      author: Lei, Yu
       title: MAVS-Mediated Apoptosis and Its Inhibition by Viral Proteins
        date: 2009-03-07
       words: 6050
      flesch: 39
     summary: Notably, host cell apoptosis is a successful strategy to impede viral replication and restrict virus spreading during a productive infection [6] . Host cell apoptosis has been reported to suppress viral replication and the subsequent production of infectious progeny viruses [19] .
    keywords: apoptosis; cell; cov; death; expression; fig; host; ifn; mavs; protein; responses; sars; virus
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        item: #2934 of 5187
          id: cord-310411-l0slp1wa
      author: Rusanen, J.
       title: Rapid homogeneous assay for detecting antibodies against SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-11-04
       words: 2124
      flesch: 45
     summary: We set up LFRET assays for antibodies against S and N and evaluated their diagnostic performance using a panel of 77 serum/plasma samples from 44 individuals with COVID-19 and 52 negative controls. ; https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.11.01.20224113 doi: medRxiv preprint 119 LFRET assays for SARS-CoV-2 S and N were set up using Eu-labeled in-house antigens 120 and AF-labeled protein L. First, the assay conditions were optimized separately for S and Table 1 ).
    keywords: author; funder; medrxiv; preprint; review
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        item: #2935 of 5187
          id: cord-310419-s3qkscw7
      author: Lephart, Paul R.
       title: Comparative study of four SARS-CoV-2 Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (NAAT) platforms demonstrates that ID NOW performance is impaired substantially by patient and specimen type()
        date: 2020-09-03
       words: 2054
      flesch: 33
     summary: Comparison of Abbott ID Now and Abbott m2000 methods for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 from nasopharyngeal and nasal swabs from symptomatic patients Evaluation of the COVID19 ID NOW EUA assay Comparison of Abbott ID Now, Diasorin Simplexa, and CDC FDA EUA methods for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 from nasopharyngeal and nasal swabs from individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 Comparison of Cepheid Xpert Xpress and Abbott ID Now to Roche cobas for the Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Evaluation of the QIAstat-Dx Respiratory SARS-CoV-2 Panel, the first rapid multiplex PCR commercial assay for SARS-CoV-2 detection Multi-center evaluation of cepheid xpert® xpress SARS-CoV-2 point-of-care test during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic Clinical Evaluation of Three Sample-To-Answer Platforms for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Clinical Evaluation and Utilization of Multiple Molecular In Vitro Diagnostic Assays for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Comparison of two commercial molecular tests and a laboratory-developed modification of the CDC 2019-nCoV RT-PCR assay for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 Diagnostic Performance of Chest X-Ray for COVID-19 Pneumonia During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic in Lombardy, Italy J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f Journal Pre-proof Based on a CRS, use of the m2000, Xpert, and Simplexa assays for NP specimens in VTM are likely to have similar performance in clinical practice and choice of implementation can be made based on considerations of turnaround time, throughput, work flow and cost.
    keywords: assay; cov-2; performance; sars
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        item: #2936 of 5187
          id: cord-310438-744r7gc3
      author: Chan, Ta-Chien
       title: The Impact of Matching Vaccine Strains and Post-SARS Public Health Efforts on Reducing Influenza-Associated Mortality among the Elderly
        date: 2010-06-25
       words: 5086
      flesch: 35
     summary: [47] ; and (3) improvements in influenza vaccines through enhancement of innate immunity [48, 49, 50] . Data was collected on Taiwan's annual and monthly influenzaassociated mortality rates for the elderly population, monthly meteorological conditions (obtained from Taiwan's Central Weather Bureau), annual influenza vaccine strains (collected from the WHO)
    keywords: deaths; excess; influenza; mortality; p&i; post; sars; strains; taiwan; vaccine; viruses
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        item: #2937 of 5187
          id: cord-310464-lkdkdque
      author: Rayko, Mikhail
       title: Quality control of low-frequency variants in SARS-CoV-2 genomes
        date: 2020-05-07
       words: 1704
      flesch: 51
     summary: Prompt access to original raw sequencing data is needed to perform accurate and reproducible analysis. We used the following keywords for GISAID database to get information about sequencing methods: Illumina, Nanopore, Ion Torrent, Sanger, dbnseq.
    keywords: data; genomes; singletons; variants
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        item: #2938 of 5187
          id: cord-310477-vniokol0
      author: Pontes, Camila
       title: Unraveling the molecular basis of host cell receptor usage in SARS-CoV-2 and other human pathogenic β-CoVs
        date: 2020-08-21
       words: 4383
      flesch: 32
     summary: The SDP analysis is based on a vectorial representation of protein sequences and amino acid positions in a multidimensional space to simultaneously identify the family segregation and the residue positions that better explain the sources of variation of the family (15) . More precisely, our results indicate that host cell receptor usage is encoded in the amino acid sequences of different CoV spike proteins in the form of a set of specificity determining positions (SDPs).
    keywords: ace2; analysis; binding; cov; cov-2; protein; receptor; sars; sdps; spike
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        item: #2939 of 5187
          id: cord-310507-5h6egve4
      author: van Doorn, Amarylle S.
       title: Systematic review with meta‐analysis: SARS‐CoV‐2 stool testing and the potential for faecal‐oral transmission
        date: 2020-08-27
       words: 3540
      flesch: 36
     summary: However, there is a growing body of studies in which SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in stool samples (including anal swabs) from COVID-19 patients. Pediatr Infect Dis J Review article: gastrointestinal features in COVID-19 and the possibility of faecal transmission Three cases of novel coronavirus pneumonia with viral nucleic acids still positive in stool after throat swab detection turned negative Clinical features of children with SARS-CoV-2 infection: an analysis of 13 cases from Changsha, China Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Different Types of Clinical Specimens Detection and analysis of nucleic acid in various biological samples of COVID-19 patients Isolation of 2019-nCoV from a Stool Specimen of a Laboratory-Confirmed Case of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Virus shedding patterns in nasopharyngeal and fecal specimens of COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; patients; samples; sars; specimens; stool; studies
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        item: #2940 of 5187
          id: cord-310594-i0586vfw
      author: Weemaes, Matthias
       title: Laboratory information system requirements to manage the COVID-19 pandemic: a report from the Belgian national reference testing center
        date: 2020-04-29
       words: 2542
      flesch: 26
     summary: Therefore, clinical laboratories face specific challenges that require dedicated LIS functionality to ensure safe, reliable testing and acceptable turn-around-times. Samples were sent to the reference laboratory from across Belgium, and once analyzed results were reported to referring clinical laboratories as well as hospitals and primary care physicians.
    keywords: clinical; covid-19; data; laboratory; lis; reporting; sars; testing
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        item: #2941 of 5187
          id: cord-310605-r63sg73c
      author: Dorward, D. A.
       title: Tissue-specific tolerance in fatal Covid-19
        date: 2020-07-04
       words: 4484
      flesch: 31
     summary: A marked increase in the number of plasma cells (10% or more) was seen in 7/8 bone marrow trephines but these plasma cells had a normal phenotype, being negative for CD56 and cyclin D1, and were polytypic with light chain immunohistochemistry. Splenic red pulp was congested and, in all cases, contained an increased number of plasma cells with similar features to those observed in mediastinal nodes.
    keywords: cells; cov-2; covid-19; inflammation; lung; presence; sars; tissue; viral
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        item: #2942 of 5187
          id: cord-310606-msmh7d8m
      author: Westerhuis, B. M.
       title: Severe COVID-19 patients display a back boost of seasonal coronavirus-specific antibodies
        date: 2020-10-12
       words: 4359
      flesch: 47
     summary: Seasonal CoV IgG responses that did not neutralize SARS-CoV-2 were boosted well beyond detectable cross-reactivity, particularly for HCoV-OC43 spike. Additionally, these patients displayed a strong rise of pre-existing seasonal CoV-327 specific clones that did not correlate with SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing titers, which is suggestive 328 of OAS.
    keywords: cross; license; medrxiv; october; preprint; sars
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        item: #2943 of 5187
          id: cord-310623-zbjgr9jk
      author: Ellington, Sascha
       title: Characteristics of Women of Reproductive Age with Laboratory-Confirmed SARS-CoV-2 Infection by Pregnancy Status — United States, January 22–June 7, 2020
        date: 2020-06-26
       words: 2998
      flesch: 37
     summary: Symptomatic pregnant and nonpregnant women with COVID-19 reported similar frequencies of cough (>50%) and shortness of breath (30%), but pregnant women less frequently reported headache, muscle aches, fever, chills, and diarrhea. Chronic lung disease, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease were more commonly reported among pregnant women than among nonpregnant women.
    keywords: covid-19; pregnancy; pregnant; women
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        item: #2944 of 5187
          id: cord-310624-3kojrkz7
      author: Flores-Alanis, Alejandro
       title: The receptor binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein is the result of an ancestral recombination between the bat-CoV RaTG13 and the pangolin-CoV MP789
        date: 2020-08-27
       words: 3070
      flesch: 49
     summary: Structure of SARS coronavirus spike receptor-binding domain complexed with receptor Receptor recognition by the novel coronavirus from Wuhan: an analysis based on decade-long structural studies of SARS coronavirus A novel bat coronavirus closely related to • fast, convenient online submission • thorough peer review by experienced researchers in your field • rapid publication on acceptance • support for research data, including large and complex data types • gold Open Access which fosters wider collaboration and increased citations maximum visibility for your research: over 100M website views per year • At BMC SARS-CoV-2 contains natural insertions at the S1/S2 cleavage site of the spike protein NCBI SARS-CoV-2 Resources-NCBI disease and diplomacy: GISAID's innovative contribution to global health Parallelization of the MAFFT multiple sequence alignment program BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequences alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT Sequence analysis Jalview Version 2-a multiple sequence alignment editor and analysis workbench JModelTest 2: more models, new heuristics and parallel computing Software for systematics and evolution MrBayes 3.2: efficient bayesian phylogenetic inference and model choice across a large model space TCS: a computer program to estimate gene genealogies Full-length human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genomes from subtype c-infected seroconverters in India, with evidence of intersubtype recombination DnaSP v5: a software for comprehensive analysis of DNA polymorphism data On the origin and continuing evolution of SARS-CoV-2 Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 through recombination and strong purifying selection Recombination, reservoirs, and the modular spike: mechanisms of coronavirus cross-species transmission Computational inference of selection underlying the evolution of the novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Composition and divergence of coronavirus spike proteins and host ACE2 receptors predict potential intermediate hosts of SARS-CoV-2 Broad and differential animal ACE2 receptor usage by SARS-CoV-2 A multibasic cleavage site in the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 is essential for infection of human lung cells A unique protease cleavage site predicted in the spike protein of the novel pneumonia coronavirus (2019-nCoV) potentially related to viral transmissibility. The sequences of the Glycoprotein Spike gene from 76 CoVs isolated from different hosts and 148 clinical isolates of SARS-CoV-2 were retrieved from NCBI's Gen-Bank
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covs; humans; mp789; protein; ratg13; sars
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        item: #2945 of 5187
          id: cord-310631-ru5f69qg
      author: Joachim, Denner
       title: SARS-CoV-2 and enhancing antibodies
        date: 2020-05-07
       words: 567
      flesch: 39
     summary: CoV infections were shown to induce an effective antibody response, however in addition to neutralising antibodies also enhancing antibodies were described, e. g., in the case of SARS-CoV To induce enhancing antibodies after immunisation of a healthy person is certainly not the goal of this preventive measure.
    keywords: antibodies; cov
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        item: #2946 of 5187
          id: cord-310636-y7n22ykt
      author: Garcia-Beltran, W. F.
       title: COVID-19 neutralizing antibodies predict disease severity and survival
        date: 2020-10-20
       words: 10932
      flesch: 37
     summary: Here we found that severely ill COVID-19 patients had the highest levels of anti-RBD antibodies, which other studies have similarly described (Shrock et al. , 2020) . Remarkably, we find that anti-RBD antibody levels, neutralization titer, and neutralization potency index predicted disease severity and survival, yet lacked cross-neutralizing activity to pre-emergent WIV1-CoV. Taken together, our results highlight the impact of an effective humoral immune response on COVID-19, as quantified by a neutralization potency index, and describe the A cross-sectional cohort of 113 COVID-19 cases confirmed by SARS-CoV-2 nasopharyngeal PCR was studied and followed for at least 3 months.
    keywords: antibodies; antibody; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; figure; igg; levels; license; medrxiv; neutralization; patients; preprint; rbd; sars; spike
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        item: #2947 of 5187
          id: cord-310651-pxfwe67t
      author: Leung, Gabriel M.
       title: SARS-CoV Antibody Prevalence in All Hong Kong Patient Contacts
        date: 2004-09-17
       words: 1929
      flesch: 34
     summary: Transmission dynamics of the etiological agent of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Hong Kong: the impact of public health interventions Use of laboratory methods for SARS diagnosis Isolation and characterization of viruses related to the SARS coronavirus from animals in southern China Clinical presentations and outcome of severe acute respiratory syndrome in children SARS-related virus predating SARS outbreak, Hong Kong Prevalence of IgG antibody to SARS-associated coronavirus in animal traders-Guangdong Province Clinical progression and viral load in a community outbreak of coronavirus-associated SARS pneumonia: a prospective study Epidemiological determinants of spread of causal agent of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong The reported sensitivity of 100% was for convalescentphase serum samples taken a few weeks after the onset of infection in SARS patients, which should apply to our study.
    keywords: contacts; cov; hong; kong; patients; sars
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        item: #2948 of 5187
          id: cord-310657-04pp0o74
      author: Lu, Renfei
       title: A Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-04-18
       words: 4074
      flesch: 44
     summary: In the real-time monitoring system, SYTO9 is used as a fluorescent dye which has a minimal inhibitory effect on LAMP amplification Nucleic acids of another 15 viruses (including: influenza A, B, and C viruses; parainfluenza viruses type 1-3; enterovirus; RSV A and B groups; HCoV-HKU-1; HCoV-NL63; human rhinovirus; human metapneumovirus; adenovirus; and bocavirus) were obtained from positive clinical samples from children with acute respiratory tract infections.
    keywords: assay; copies; cov-2; detection; lamp; novel; reaction; sars
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        item: #2949 of 5187
          id: cord-310680-klywz85w
      author: Li, Qihan
       title: The interaction of the SARS coronavirus non-structural protein 10 with the cellular oxido-reductase system causes an extensive cytopathic effect
        date: 2005-04-06
       words: 4412
      flesch: 47
     summary: The observation of nsp10-GFP fusion protein expressed in KMB-17 cells shows that nsp10 protein is accumulated as a distributed cluster in the cytoplasm (Fig. 2c) . Approximately 4 ug expressed and purified GST-nsp10 fusion protein and GST protein were respectively mixed with the 500 ul labeled extract of KMB-17 cells (5 × 10 6 cells), which were lysed in lysis buffer at 4 • C overnight.
    keywords: cells; cov; effect; kmb-17; kmb-17 cells; nsp10; protein; sars; virus
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        item: #2950 of 5187
          id: cord-310687-qw164eyl
      author: Chan, Ming-Chin
       title: Surveillance for Coronavirus Diseases 2019 (COVID-19) among Health Care Workers at a Medical Center in Taiwan, March to August 2020
        date: 2020-09-01
       words: 292
      flesch: 32
     summary: key: cord-310687-qw164eyl authors: Chan, Ming-Chin; Cho, Tzu-Jou; Chang, Feng-Yee; Lin, Jung-Chung title: Surveillance for Coronavirus Diseases 2019 (COVID-19) among Health Care Workers at a Medical Center in Taiwan, March to August 2020 date: 2020-09-01 journal: J Formos Med Assoc DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2020.08.037 sha: doc_id: 310687 cord_uid: qw164eyl nan Healthcare workers (HCWs) have been singled out, by mass screening supporters, as a high-risk group which are particularly in need to be mass-screened for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 virus or anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, despite the fact that all Taiwanese HCWs have been fully protected by personal protective equipment (PPE) including N95 mask and protective clothing since the beginning of the pandemic. If HCWs are indeed at high risk of contracting and carrying SARS-CoV-2 virus, then the current HCWs virological surveillance for COVID-19 should be able to detect SARS-CoV-2-positive cases among HCWs.
    keywords: hcws
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        item: #2951 of 5187
          id: cord-310691-6danlh8h
      author: Ma, Simin
       title: Clinical Characteristics of Critically Ill Patients Co-infected with SARS-CoV-2 and the Influenza Virus in Wuhan, China
        date: 2020-05-26
       words: 2298
      flesch: 46
     summary: The results showed a high proportion of COVID-19 patients were co-infected with influenza in Tongji Hospital, with no significant difference in the proportion of co-infection between survivors and non-survivors. Studies have reported that elevated D-dimer levels are a risk factor for death in COVID-19 patients (Wu et al. 2020a; Zhou et al. 2020) .
    keywords: covid-19; influenza; patients; survivors; virus
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        item: #2952 of 5187
          id: cord-310692-8fuj9td2
      author: Coste, A. T.
       title: Indication for SARS-CoV-2 serology: first month follow-up
        date: 2020-07-03
       words: 1537
      flesch: 43
     summary: Indeed, at least the in-hospita l doctors largely complied with in-house guidelines and did not sent serology requests only for scientific interest or personal interest. The second most frequent indication was SARS symptoms with two consecutive negative SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCRs (indication N°1), corresponding to 21% of the requests (Figure 2A) .
    keywords: license; preprint; sars
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        item: #2953 of 5187
          id: cord-310753-sv88b0dt
      author: Marks, M.
       title: Transmission of COVID-19 in 282 clusters in Catalonia, Spain: a cohort study
        date: 2020-10-27
       words: 3591
      flesch: 47
     summary: key: cord-310753-sv88b0dt authors: Marks, M.; Millat, P.; Ouchi, D.; Roberts, C. h.; Alemany, A.; Corbacho-Monne, M.; Ubals, M.; Vall-Mayans, M.; Gonzalez Beiras, C.; Prat, N.; Ara, J.; Clotet, B.; Mitja, O. title: Transmission of COVID-19 in 282 clusters in Catalonia, Spain: a cohort study date: 2020-10-27 journal: nan DOI: 10.1101/2020.10.27.20220277 sha: doc_id: 310753 cord_uid: sv88b0dt Background There remains limited data on what variables affect the risk of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and developing symptomatic Covid-19 and in particular the relationship to viral load (VL). The risk of symptomatic Covid-19 is strongly associated with viral load of the contact at baseline, which shortens the incubation time in a dose-dependent manner.
    keywords: license; load; preprint; risk; transmission
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        item: #2954 of 5187
          id: cord-310774-rpc8hrrx
      author: Yang, Chongtu
       title: Elevated carcinoembryonic antigen in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia
        date: 2020-08-28
       words: 1672
      flesch: 46
     summary: SARS-CoV-2 infection might be another cause of CEA elevation, with nearly 20% of patients experienced transient and marked CEA increment during COVID-19 pneumonia. Linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between CEA levels and inflammation severity.
    keywords: cea; patients
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        item: #2955 of 5187
          id: cord-310790-3ikgmiof
      author: Cherrak, Sabri Ahmed
       title: Potential bioactive glycosylated flavonoids as SARS-CoV-2 main protease inhibitors: A molecular docking and simulation studies
        date: 2020-10-15
       words: 3496
      flesch: 45
     summary: In this work, a screening of natural flavonoids has been made and their potential inhibitory effect against SARS-CoV-2 Mpro by molecular docking and molecular dynamics has been tested. The results which are summarized in Table 1 show that natural aglycone flavonoids possess high docking scores; with a maximum score achieved by EGCG with -7,9 kcal.mol -1 .
    keywords: binding; cov-2; docking; fig; flavonoids; mpro; protease; protein; sars
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        item: #2956 of 5187
          id: cord-310803-iig414jg
      author: Khazeei Tabari, Mohammad Amin
       title: Applying Computer Simulations in Battling with COVID-19, using pre-analyzed molecular and chemical data to face the pandemic
        date: 2020-10-17
       words: 1344
      flesch: 25
     summary: Topoisomerase I-mediated inhibition of hypoxia-inducible factor 1: mechanism and therapeutic 27 implications Ro 90-7501 Is a Novel 29 Radiosensitizer for Cervical Cancer Cells that Inhibits ATM Phosphorylation Diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease utilizing amyloid and 32 tau as fluid biomarkers Global research on coronavirus disease (COVID-19) Model Database SWISS-40 MODEL: homology modelling of protein structures and complexes SWISS-MODEL: 43 modelling protein tertiary and quaternary structure using evolutionary information UniProt: a worldwide hub of protein knowledge Chloroquine dosing recommendations for pediatric COVID-19 2 supported by modeling and simulation Identification of Potential Binders of the Main 4 Protease 3CL(pro) of the COVID-19 via Structure-Based Ligand Design and Molecular Modeling Optimizing hydroxychloroquine dosing for patients with COVID-19: An integrative modeling 8 approach for effective drug repurposing Pharmacologic treatments for 10 coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a review This study was supported by Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran (Grant number: 7640). It is the third pathogenic and transmittable virus after previous outbreaks for this 6 family, including severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and the Middle East respiratory 7 syndrome (MERS).
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; covs; protein; sars
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        item: #2957 of 5187
          id: cord-310857-i9v9antx
      author: Blaisdell, Laura L.
       title: Preventing and Mitigating SARS-CoV-2 Transmission — Four Overnight Camps, Maine, June–August 2020
        date: 2020-09-04
       words: 2588
      flesch: 40
     summary: During June-August, the combined attendance of the four camps included 642 children and 380 staff members, aged 7-70 years, from 41 states with a variety of 7-day average rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection (Figure) ; 1.8% of camp attendees ¶ ¶ (10 staff members and eight campers) came from six international locations (Bermuda, Canada, Mexico, South Africa, Spain, and United Kingdom) and Puerto Rico (Table 1) . has important implications for similar congregate settings such as day camps and schools with the same age range.
    keywords: attendees; camp; cov-2; sars; staff; test
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        item: #2958 of 5187
          id: cord-310879-b8tdug93
      author: Beddingfield, Brandon J.
       title: In the Age of CoVID: Genomic Changes Over the Lifespan Help Explain Severe SARS-CoV-2 Disease
        date: 2020-10-23
       words: 617
      flesch: 52
     summary: ACE2 expression decreased linearly with age in arterial tissue, and was decreased in colon and blood, but was not differentially expressed in heart or kidney. Along with ACE2, the serine protease TMPRSS2 was found to be needed for viral entry into host cells.
    keywords: ace2; sars
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        item: #2959 of 5187
          id: cord-310909-nc82a70n
      author: Qiu, Maofeng
       title: Antibody responses to individual proteins of SARS coronavirus and their neutralization activities
        date: 2005-04-13
       words: 4524
      flesch: 40
     summary: Among the rabbit antisera to recombinant proteins S3, N, 3a and 9b, only anti-S3 serum showed significant neutralizing activity to the SARS-CoV infection in Vero E6 cells. In order to investigate the kinetics of the IgG antibodies to recombinant proteins S3, 3a, N and 9b in humans after onset of SARS, a group of serial sera collected from 13 people from weeks 2 to 30 were analyzed.
    keywords: antibodies; cov; proteins; recombinant; sars; sera
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        item: #2960 of 5187
          id: cord-310920-itqwhi6a
      author: Haddad, Christina
       title: Integrated Approaches to Reveal Mechanisms by which RNA Viruses Reprogram the Cellular Environment
        date: 2020-07-02
       words: 3701
      flesch: 35
     summary: Thus, studying viral RNA structures and their interactions with cognate RBPs are essential to understanding the pathogenesis of RNA viruses and to further assist the design of novel antivirals. It is therefore no surprise that RNA viruses use this functional diversity to their advantage to sustain chronic or lifelong infections.
    keywords: genome; host; interactions; protein; replication; rna; sars; structural; virus; viruses
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        item: #2961 of 5187
          id: cord-310928-g553afo9
      author: Murch, Simon H
       title: Common determinants of severe Covid-19 infection are explicable by SARS-CoV-2 secreted glycoprotein interaction with the CD33-related Siglecs, Siglec-3 and Siglec-5/14
        date: 2020-08-07
       words: 3739
      flesch: 37
     summary: Viral SGP ligation of CD33, potentially in conjunction with Siglec-5, would promote expansion of CD33 MDSC cells, as occurs in cancers but at much greater scale. Thus, a significant comorbidity in children may be an increase in MDSC cells due to overweight.
    keywords: cd33; cells; covid-19; infection; mdsc; sars; siglec-14; siglec-5
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        item: #2962 of 5187
          id: cord-310946-rjwyirld
      author: Wiseman, Jessica
       title: False negative SARS-CoV-2 PCR - A case report and literature review
        date: 2020-07-06
       words: 1693
      flesch: 49
     summary: The authors suggested that antibody response can provide better sensitivity than PCR testing alone [8] . This case highlights multiple negative nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 PCR swabs in a patient with high clinical suspicion for SARS-CoV-2, who ultimately tested positive when deep sputum was sent for PCR nine days into his admission (10 days after respiratory symptoms started).
    keywords: covid-19; day; nasopharyngeal; pcr; sars
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        item: #2963 of 5187
          id: cord-310947-aqau2n7q
      author: Pan, Ji'An
       title: Genome-Wide Analysis of Protein-Protein Interactions and Involvement of Viral Proteins in SARS-CoV Replication
        date: 2008-10-01
       words: 6850
      flesch: 39
     summary: In our screen, 1.4 protein interactions per viral protein on the average was detected, and this result is in the upper range of the detection rates of viral protein interactions obtained by yeast two-hybrid systems Nsp11 is a small polypeptide containing only 13 amino acids and no interaction was detected with it in various assays but nsp11 in the fusion with nsp10 (nsp10/ 11) could significantly enhance the binding capability of nsp10 with either nsp14 or nsp16, indicating that the small nsp11 may also play important roles in viral protein interactions and replication.
    keywords: activity; coronavirus; cov; genome; hybrid; interactions; nsp10; protein; replication; rna; sars; syndrome; system; transcription
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        item: #2964 of 5187
          id: cord-311012-wyglrpqh
      author: Meyers, Craig
       title: Ethanol and Isopropanol Inactivation of Human Coronavirus on Hard Surfaces
        date: 2020-09-28
       words: 3277
      flesch: 49
     summary: Concentrations of 95% dehydrated the virus, allowing infectious virus to survive. CONCLUSIONS: EtOH, IPA, and SH at multiple concentrations efficiently inactivated infectious virus on hard surfaces, typical of those found in public places.
    keywords: concentrations; contact; etoh; ipa; surfaces; virus
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        item: #2965 of 5187
          id: cord-311026-mpr3xb2a
      author: Petersen, Eskild
       title: COVID-19–We urgently need to start developing an exit strategy
        date: 2020-04-29
       words: 5634
      flesch: 51
     summary: A study comparing health care systems in Hong Kong, Singapore and Japan had three important conclusions [Legido-Quigley et al. 2020 ]. Over half of the non-imported cases could be traced back to their close contacts with reported local cases.
    keywords: cases; countries; covid-19; evaluation; file; health; novapdf; pdf; quarantine; testing; transmission
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        item: #2966 of 5187
          id: cord-311029-x0lk4110
      author: Palermo, Sara
       title: Covid-19 Pandemic: Maximizing Future Vaccination Treatments Considering Aging and Frailty
        date: 2020-09-18
       words: 6416
      flesch: 33
     summary: Indeed, if any cross-reactive epitopes were identified between COVID-19 and SARS-CoV, previous vaccine for SARS-CoV might be re-utilized to facilitate COVID-19 vaccine development (65) . [(72) , p. 234], strategies to improve vaccine uptake can target all the components underpinning low coverage, and include technology and communication-based strategies, physician-centered approaches, targeting healthcare workers for influenza vaccination, systembased factors, improved vaccine efficacy, and above all, political will and leadership.
    keywords: adherence; age; aging; covid-19; elderly; frailty; health; immune; people; population; sars; system; vaccination; vaccine
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        item: #2967 of 5187
          id: cord-311035-s3tkbh9r
      author: Procko, Erik
       title: Deep mutagenesis in the study of COVID-19: a technical overview for the proteomics community
        date: 2020-10-21
       words: 4039
      flesch: 36
     summary: The enrichment ratios calculated for each variant in the sorted ACE2 library provide a mutational landscape that defines the relative phenotypes of thousands of ACE2 mutations for binding to SARS-CoV-2 S In this way, information was collected on how ACE2 mutations impact expression and RBD binding from a single FACS experiment.
    keywords: ace2; binding; cov-2; human; mutations; protein; rbd; receptor; sars
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        item: #2968 of 5187
          id: cord-311044-kjx0z1hc
      author: Rubio-Pérez, Inés
       title: COVID-19: key concepts for the surgeon
        date: 2020-05-28
       words: 4654
      flesch: 47
     summary: Surgical specialists are facing an unprecedented situation: they must collaborate in the ER or medical wards attending these patients, while still needing to make decisions about surgical patients with probable COVID-19. Several cases of atypical pneumonia of unclear origin were detected.
    keywords: cases; cov-2; covid-19; disease; health; patients; risk; sars; symptoms; treatment; virus
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        item: #2969 of 5187
          id: cord-311066-62edsbfc
      author: Cox, Brian J.
       title: Integration of viral transcriptome sequencing with structure and sequence motifs predicts novel regulatory elements in SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-06-24
       words: 2928
      flesch: 56
     summary: TRS independent transcripts were detected as likely non-polyadenylated. To explore if TRS independent transcripts are common in other human CoV pathogens, I assessed SARS-CoV(Josset et al., 2014; Xiong et al., 2014) and MERS (Data: PRJNA233943; publication not known) using previously published polyA independent RNA sequencing data sets that also used ribosome depletion of total RNA.
    keywords: cov; cov-2; independent; rna; sars; sequence; trs
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        item: #2970 of 5187
          id: cord-311105-8edwb59c
      author: Karamese, M.
       title: The Prevalence of RT-PCR Positivity of SARS-CoV-2 on 10,000 Patients from Three Cities Located on the Eastern of Turkey
        date: 2020-06-26
       words: 1389
      flesch: 59
     summary: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.25.20138131 doi: medRxiv preprint that are located on the Eastern of Turkey; however, 7853 cases were evaluated who had typical respiratory infection symptoms such as fever, cough and shortness of breath, or close contact with a COVID-19 patient. The cough and fever were the most common symptoms in positive cases.
    keywords: cases; preprint; sars
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        item: #2971 of 5187
          id: cord-311114-ggcpsjk8
      author: Radhakrishnan, Chandni
       title: Initial insights into the genetic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 isolates from Kerala suggest local spread from limited introductions
        date: 2020-09-09
       words: 4386
      flesch: 46
     summary: Genetic variants compiled from a total of 1,855 high-quality genomes from India and 32,286 global genomes were considered for analysis. We have also added 89 new variants (2.61%) to the Indian repertoire of genetic variants.
    keywords: analysis; epidemiology; genomes; india; kerala; sars; sequencing; study; table; variants; virus
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        item: #2972 of 5187
          id: cord-311123-swiewewq
      author: Zhuang, Shu-Fan
       title: Low-grade fever during COVID-19 convalescence: A report of 3 cases
        date: 2020-06-26
       words: 2489
      flesch: 48
     summary: Leukopenia and neutropenia often indicate low immunity [6, 7] and are more common in COVID-19 patients than in non-COVID-19 patients [8] . key: cord-311123-swiewewq authors: Zhuang, Shu-Fan; Hu, Jia; Qiao, Nan; Lan, Zhi-Hui; Lai, Jun-Yu; Wu, Jian-Guang; Wu, Xiao-Yong title: Low-grade fever during COVID-19 convalescence: A report of 3 cases date: 2020-06-26 journal:
    keywords: convalescence; covid-19; february; fever; grade; patient
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        item: #2973 of 5187
          id: cord-311125-v9ddes3c
      author: Cooper, Keiland W.
       title: COVID-19 and the chemical senses: supporting players take center stage
        date: 2020-07-01
       words: 9498
      flesch: 29
     summary: Four recently published studies -using species ranging from mouse to human -have explored the cell types in the OE that express ACE2 and other viral entry genes Chen et al., 2020b; Fodoulian et al., 2020; Ziegler et al., 2020) ; all four conclude that OSNs do not express ACE2 ( Figure 2 ). In contrast, vascular pericytes in the OB expressed high levels of ACE2 protein , consistent with the reported expression of Ace2 in perivascular cells in the brain and throughout the body (Chen et al., 2020a; He et al., 2020) .
    keywords: ace2; brain; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; entry; epithelium; et al; expression; human; infection; mouse; nasal; neurons; olfactory; patients; protein; receptor; sars; sensory; smell; taste
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        item: #2974 of 5187
          id: cord-311144-tumtzad8
      author: Franco-Muñoz, Carlos
       title: Substitutions in Spike and Nucleocapsid proteins of SARS-CoV-2 circulating in South America
        date: 2020-09-17
       words: 2829
      flesch: 40
     summary: Recombinant proteins or synthetic peptides of SARS-CoV-2 are widely explored as alternatives to be used in serological tests and therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2 and related Betacoronavirus (Du et al., 2009; Jacofsky et al., 2020) , considering that S and N proteins are the major immunogenic proteins of SARS and MERS coronavirus and the first choice for producing recombinant antigens (Yan et al., 2020) . J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f Journal Pre-proof Furthermore, non-synonymous mutations in the S and N proteins have been reported, their implications in the potential emergence of antigenically distinct and/or more virulent strains remain to be studied, although it was reported that mutations in the receptor-binding domain (RBD) at the S protein of SARS-CoV related viruses disrupt the antigenic structure and binding activity of RBD to ACE2 (Du et al., 2009 )
    keywords: colombia; proteins; sars; sequences; substitutions
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        item: #2975 of 5187
          id: cord-311207-qkkn0297
      author: Pegoraro, Manuela
       title: Evaluation of three immunochromatographic tests in COVID-19 serologic diagnosis and their clinical usefulness
        date: 2020-10-20
       words: 1667
      flesch: 39
     summary: Sensitivities were assessed on confirmed COVID-19 cases, combining IgG and IgM/IgA positive results, while specificities were estimated on the group of healthy volunteer's. Then, about half of blood samples from COVID-19 confirmed cases had been collected in the early stage, when antibodies are usually absent, thus partially impacting the diagnostic sensitivity.
    keywords: covid-19; igg; igm; sars; stage
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        item: #2976 of 5187
          id: cord-311214-eqwxkwqa
      author: Kumar, Roshan
       title: Comparative Genomic Analysis of Rapidly Evolving SARS-CoV-2 Viruses Reveal Mosaic Pattern of Phylogeographical Distribution
        date: 2020-04-16
       words: 2731
      flesch: 54
     summary: 132 To determine the evolutionary pressure on viral proteins, dN/dS values were calculated for 9 134 ORFs of all strains. [36] and IntAct [37] for predicting their interaction against host proteins.
    keywords: cov-2; figure; isolates; proteins; sars; strains; usa
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        item: #2977 of 5187
          id: cord-311216-mfqlv3nh
      author: Buckley, Leo F.
       title: Cardiovascular Pharmacology in the Time of COVID-19: A Focus on Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2
        date: 2020-04-13
       words: 2133
      flesch: 28
     summary: A first step in understanding SARS pathogenesis The ACE2 expression in human heart indicates New potential mechanism of heart injury among patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 Counter-regulatory reninangiotensin system in cardiovascular disease Are patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus at increased risk for COVID-19 infection? Effects of renin-angiotensin system blockade on renal angiotensin-(1-7) forming enzymes and receptors Upregulation of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 after myocardial infarction by blockade of angiotensin II receptors Angiotensin II at1 receptors regulate ACE2 and angiotensin-(1-7) expression in the aorta of spontaneously hypertensive rats Effects of spironolactone and eprosartan on cardiac remodeling and angiotensin-converting enzyme isoforms in rats with experimental heart failure Mineralocorticoid receptor blocker increases angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 activity in congestive heart failure patients Effects of captopril related to increased levels of prostacyclin and angiotensin-(1-7) in essential hypertension Evidence against a major role for angiotensin converting enzyme-related carboxypeptidase (ACE2) in angiotensin peptide metabolism in the human coronary circulation Two Generic Drugs Being Renin-angiotensinaldosterone system inhibitors in patients with covid-19 Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 protects from severe acute lung failure Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 inhibits lung injury induced by respiratory syncytial virus A pilot clinical trial of recombinant human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in acute respiratory distress syndrome Angiotensin II induced proteolytic cleavage of myocardial ACE2 is mediated by TACE/ADAM-17: a positive feedback mechanism in the RAS Angiotensin converting enzyme 2: As a consequence, SARS-CoV-2 infection decreases membrane-bound ACE2 and impairs the beneficial effects of the angiotensin-(1-7)/Mas receptor axis.
    keywords: ace2; angiotensin; covid-19; heart; patients; sars
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        item: #2978 of 5187
          id: cord-311240-o0zyt2vb
      author: Motayo, Babatunde Olarenwaju
       title: Evolution and Genetic Diversity of SARSCoV-2 in Africa Using Whole Genome Sequences
        date: 2020-07-27
       words: 3104
      flesch: 42
     summary: There has been paucity of data on the genetic evolution of SARSCoV-2 sequences from Africa, despite the increasing number of genome sequence submissions into the GISAID database from Africa; there were 97 whole genome sequences available in the GISAID database as at 24 th April 2020. Results from our analysis showed recombination signals between the AfrSARSCoV-2 sequences and reference sequences within the N and S genes.
    keywords: africa; analysis; et al; genome; sarscov-2; sequences; virus
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        item: #2979 of 5187
          id: cord-311264-zn7ydrvh
      author: Deurenberg-Yap, M.
       title: The Singaporean response to the SARS outbreak: knowledge sufficiency versus public trust
        date: 2005-06-17
       words: 3446
      flesch: 44
     summary: Taken together, these concepts help to explain the apparent disparity between the low knowledge about SARS and the control measures on the one hand, and high confidence in key institutions dealing with SARS, high endorsement about SARS control measures being appropriate and high satisfaction with the government's response to SARS on the other hand. This public education campaign aimed to educate Singapore residents about SARS, to encourage them to adopt appropriate personal hygiene and socially responsible habits to prevent the spread of SARS, to encourage those with suspected SARS infection to seek medical attention at TTSH, and to encourage cooperation with contact tracing and home quarantine orders (HQO) when necessary.
    keywords: confidence; control; knowledge; measures; public; respondents; sars
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        item: #2980 of 5187
          id: cord-311332-n8tvglif
      author: Kostoff, Ronald N.
       title: Literature-related discovery: Potential treatments and preventatives for SARS()
        date: 2011-04-20
       words: 7199
      flesch: 39
     summary: The MeSH taxonomy of Medline was used to restrict potential discoveries to selected semantic classes, and to identify potential discoveries efficiently. To enhance the volume of potential discovery, databases were used in addition to Medline.
    keywords: core; discovery; enhanc; literature; lrd; potential; pre/5; query; records; sars; sci; substances; terms; text; type; virus
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        item: #2981 of 5187
          id: cord-311333-shvtfxog
      author: Fukumoto, Tatsuya
       title: Efficacy of a novel SARS-CoV-2 detection kit without RNA extraction and purification
        date: 2020-05-28
       words: 415
      flesch: 51
     summary: Nasopharyngeal swab, sputum and saliva samples were collected from 9 patients who 69 were admitted to our hospital after a diagnosis of COVID-19. Sputum and saliva samples were self-collected in a sterilized PP Screw cup 50 74 (Asiakizai Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan).
    keywords: detection; samples
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        item: #2982 of 5187
          id: cord-311358-nrj4aysh
      author: Peng, Yuzhu
       title: Is novel coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) transmitted through conjunctiva?
        date: 2020-03-16
       words: 351
      flesch: 45
     summary: A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus. A first step in understanding SARS pathogenesis 2019-nCoV transmission through the ocular surface must not be ignored Peking University Hospital Wang Guangfa disclosed treatment status on Weibo and suspected infection without wearing goggles
    keywords: sars
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        item: #2983 of 5187
          id: cord-311377-ffkwis40
      author: Forns, Xavier
       title: Inmunosupresión en el trasplante hepático en la era Covid-19
        date: 2020-06-12
       words: 3935
      flesch: 30
     summary: no tiene en cuenta factores pronósticos como la linfopenia, LDH, etc, (50) pero puede servir para una decisión inicial de tratamiento y de ajuste de los anticalcineurínicos. Tacrolimus actúa de forma similar, pero se une a una inmunofilina específica (FKBP) para bloquear la actividad fosfatasa de la calcineurina e inhibir así la transcripción de los genes involucrados en la síntesis de IL-2.
    keywords: antiviral; como; con; coronavirus; cov-2; covid; covid-19; del; efecto; hepático; infección; inmunosupresión; las; los; pacientes; por; que; respiratory; sars; trasplante; una; virus
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        item: #2984 of 5187
          id: cord-311383-1aqt65cc
      author: Tan, Jinzhi
       title: The SARS-Unique Domain (SUD) of SARS Coronavirus Contains Two Macrodomains That Bind G-Quadruplexes
        date: 2009-05-15
       words: 7672
      flesch: 54
     summary: We have produced full-length SUD (residues 389 to 726 of Nsp3), and a more stable, shortened 264-residue version (residues 389 to 652; henceforth called SUD core ), by expression in Escherichia coli. We report crystallization of SUD core and its X-ray structure in two crystal forms, at 2.2 and 2.8 Å resolution, respectively.
    keywords: binding; core; coronavirus; cov; crystal; domain; figure; form; nsp3; protein; residues; ribose; sars; structure; subdomain; sud
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        item: #2985 of 5187
          id: cord-311415-wwwqqvca
      author: Alamri, Mubarak A.
       title: Pharmacoinformatics and molecular dynamics simulation studies reveal potential covalent and FDA-approved inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 main protease 3CL(pro)
        date: 2020-06-24
       words: 6978
      flesch: 38
     summary: In this work, we present a structure-based study to identify potential covalent inhibitors containing a variety of chemical warheads. The targeted Asinex Focused Covalent (AFCL) library was screened based on different reaction types and potential covalent inhibitors were identified.
    keywords: 3cl; binding; bond; compounds; coronavirus; cov-2; covalent; docking; energy; et al; inhibitors; protease; protein; sars
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        item: #2986 of 5187
          id: cord-311429-adcmgd1i
      author: Salzberger, B.
       title: Epidemiologie von SARS-CoV-2/COVID 19: Aktueller Stand
        date: 2020-10-29
       words: 1799
      flesch: 41
     summary: Aus 24 europäischen Staaten wurden kumulativ mehr als 185.000 Exzesstodesfälle in den ersten 18 Wochen 2020 berichtet, überwiegend in der Altersgruppe über 65 Jahre, aber auch in der Gruppe von 45 bis 64 Jahren [25] . Die Basisreproduktionszahl R0 (Mittelwert der Zahl von Personen, die von Tab. 1
    keywords: bei; coronavirus; cov-2; den; der; die; disease; eine; infektionen; ist; sars; und; von
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        item: #2987 of 5187
          id: cord-311445-b6bc6vwd
      author: Bansal, Kanika
       title: Codon pattern reveals SARS-CoV-2 to be a monomorphic strain that emerged through recombination of replicase and envelope alleles of bat and pangolin origin
        date: 2020-10-12
       words: 2751
      flesch: 50
     summary: Since horseshoe bat SARS strains RaTG13 and RmYN02 are known to be the closest strains to SARS-CoV-2, we have compared CUP of these two strains with SARS-CoV-2 (figure 2). The closest match to SARS-CoV-2 is RaTG13 (96% identity) isolated from the Rhinolophus affinis bat (Zhou et al., 2020) , followed by pangolin SARS viruses with 91% identity (Zhou et al., 2020) .
    keywords: bat; cov-2; cup; genes; sars
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        item: #2988 of 5187
          id: cord-311446-afhw0450
      author: Suhandynata, Raymond T
       title: Multi-platform Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 Serology Assays for the Detection of COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-07
       words: 3333
      flesch: 44
     summary: Patient samples grouped into three different time-frames relative to a positive PCR result were used to calculate the positive percent agreement (PPA) for all of the assays (Figure 1A and Diazyme, Roche, and Abbott SARS-CoV-2 serology assays were compared by correlating the raw quantitative values from each platform for all samples from PCR positive patients ( Supplementary Figure 2A-C) . We evaluated longitudinal samples from 16 SARS-CoV-2 PCR positive patients with the Diazyme, Roche, and Abbott serology platforms (Figure 2A -2D) .
    keywords: abbott; cov-2; diazyme; igg; positive; roche; sars
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        item: #2989 of 5187
          id: cord-311477-gm0vg53l
      author: Doboszewska, Urszula
       title: Targeting zinc metalloenzymes in COVID‐19
        date: 2020-07-15
       words: 6201
      flesch: 39
     summary: Furthermore, we provide examples of compounds targeting zinc which have entered clinical trials in order to demonstrate that investigating zinc drugs may lead to success in the clinic. The examples of zinc ionophores are given in Table 1 .
    keywords: chloroquine; cov-2; covid-19; drug; et al; fingers; hydroxychloroquine; intracellular; ions; patients; proteins; sars; treatment; zinc
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        item: #2990 of 5187
          id: cord-311523-erntrh3p
      author: Gisondi, P
       title: Dermatologists and SARS‐CoV‐2: The impact of the pandemic on daily practice
        date: 2020-04-22
       words: 2760
      flesch: 38
     summary: In the areas of Italy severely affected by the coronavirus outbreak, extra beds have been created in Internal Medicine wards for COVID-19 patients; dermatologists, along with doctors from other medical subspecialties, have therefore been asked to provide assistance to COVID-19 patients in these departments due to the shortage of doctors. Shortage of medical masks for health workers due to panic shopping from the population may jeopardize the safety of physicians dealing with COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: article; coronavirus; covid-19; infection; pandemic; patients; sars
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        item: #2991 of 5187
          id: cord-311535-ppkwd1kp
      author: Korakas, Emmanouil
       title: Obesity and COVID-19: immune and metabolic derangement as a possible link to adverse clinical outcomes
        date: 2020-07-01
       words: 2781
      flesch: 18
     summary: Obesity and heart failure: epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and management Obesity cardiomyopathy: pathophysiology and evolution of the clinical syndrome Cellular mechanisms underlying obesityinduced arterial stiffness Oxidative stress and vascular disease in diabetes: is the dichotomization of insulin signaling still valid? Prolonged treatment with angiotensin 1-7 improves endothelial function in diet-induced obesity Mechanisms of thrombosis in obesity Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy Triggered by Influenza A Virus Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Viroporin 3a Activates the NLRP3 Inflammasome Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus drive immune dysfunction, infection development, and sepsis mortality Complex immune dysregulation in COVID-19 patients with severe respiratory failure Critical role for the NLRP3 inflammasome during acute lung injury Adipocyte dysfunctions linking obesity to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Differential effects of inhibition of interleukin 1 and 6 on myocardial, coronary and vascular function Complement receptor C5aR1 inhibition reduces pyroptosis in hDPP4-transgenic mice Infected with MERS-CoV Defective production of interleukin-1 beta in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: Restoration by proper glycemic control Obesity in patients younger than 60 years is a risk factor for Covid-19 hospital admission Obesity induces a phenotypic switch in adipose tissue macrophage polarization Adipocytes properties and crosstalk with immune system in obesity-related inflammation Role of innate and adaptive immunity in obesity-associated metabolic disease HLH Across Speciality Collaboration, UK. key: cord-311535-ppkwd1kp authors: Korakas, Emmanouil; Ikonomidis, Ignatios; Kousathana, Foteini; Balampanis, Konstantinos; Kountouri, Aikaterini; Raptis, Athanasios; Palaiodimou, Lina; Kokkinos, Alexander; Lambadiari, Vaia title: Obesity and COVID-19: immune and metabolic derangement as a possible link to adverse clinical outcomes date: 2020-07-01 journal: Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00198.2020 sha: doc_id: 311535 cord_uid: ppkwd1kp Recent reports have shown a strong association between obesity and the severity of COVID-19 infection, even in the absence of other comorbidities.
    keywords: activation; acute; cells; covid-19; infection; obesity; patients; risk
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        item: #2992 of 5187
          id: cord-311545-3rll9mca
      author: Bentley, Gillian R
       title: Don't blame the BAME: Ethnic and structural inequalities in susceptibilities to COVID‐19
        date: 2020-07-16
       words: 2807
      flesch: 30
     summary: Although East Asians appear to have higher expression of ACE2 levels compared to people of European descent, there does not seem to be any association between genetic variants and COVID-19 outcome (Cao et al., 2020) . These phenotypic traits also appear to be inter-generationally preserved (van Steijn et al., 2009 ) and, as mentioned above, are currently linked to risks for COVID-19 morbidity and mortality (Azkur et al., 2020) .
    keywords: bame; cov-2; covid-19; groups; health; individuals; sars; study
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        item: #2993 of 5187
          id: cord-311566-x8n1bbwn
      author: Aouidate, Adnane
       title: Identification of a novel dual-target scaffold for 3CLpro and RdRp proteins of SARS-CoV-2 using 3D-similarity search, molecular docking, molecular dynamics and ADMET evaluation
        date: 2020-06-18
       words: 6379
      flesch: 39
     summary: That we suggest them as promising inhibitors for 3LCpro main protease of SARS-CoV-2 and have been selected for MD to investigate their stability of those compounds in RdRp binding site. Thus, they have been chosen as models for MD simulation to investigate their stability in RdRp binding site.
    keywords: analysis; binding; complexes; compounds; drug; figure; inhibitors; ligand; molecules; protein; rdrp; sars
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        item: #2994 of 5187
          id: cord-311585-h4holhit
      author: Ling, R.
       title: Seroprevalence and epidemiological characteristics of immunoglobulin M and G antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in asymptomatic people in Wuhan, China
        date: 2020-06-19
       words: 3793
      flesch: 45
     summary: Other individuals with high IgG seroprevalence were easy to identify due to the nature of their jobs. Our study found significant differences in IgG seroprevalence among people going back to work by types of jobs, with the highest seroprevalence in volunteer medical examinees who came for tests without a mandate from their job supervisors.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; igg; igm; people; preprint; sars; seroprevalence
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        item: #2995 of 5187
          id: cord-311599-m400cal3
      author: Lehmann, Christian
       title: A line immunoassay utilizing recombinant nucleocapsid proteins for detection of antibodies to human coronaviruses
        date: 2008-05-31
       words: 5047
      flesch: 42
     summary: Thus, SARS N protein provides a powerful tool to differentiate between SARS infection and infections with other HCoVs in serologic studies. Soluble histidine-tagged nucleocapsid proteins (229E N, NL63 N, and SARS N) present in the supernatant were purified by affinity chromatography using a Ni-Sepharose column (bed volume, 17 mL; GE Healthcare, Munich, Germany).
    keywords: acute; antibodies; coronavirus; hcov; hku1; human; nl63; oc43; sars; sera
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        item: #2996 of 5187
          id: cord-311604-qsc3nks6
      author: Wong, River Chun‐Wai
       title: Performance evaluation of Panther Fusion SARS‐CoV‐2 assay for detection of SARS‐CoV‐2 from deep throat saliva, nasopharyngeal and lower‐respiratory‐tract specimens
        date: 2020-09-30
       words: 933
      flesch: 48
     summary: Results of PF assay were compared to those of TIB-Molbiol assay, there were eight samples with discrepancy and were resolved by testing with Xpert Xpress assay. When tested with SARS-CoV-2 synthetic quantified standard from Exact Diagnostics (BioRad, USA), we found that the LoD of both TIB-Molbiol and PF assays were 100 copies/mL while that of Xpert Xpress assay was 50 copies/mL (2) .
    keywords: assay; specimens
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        item: #2997 of 5187
          id: cord-311610-uniz8tuc
      author: Wang, Shi-Yi
       title: The impact on neonatal mortality of shifting childbirth services among levels of hospitals: Taiwan's experience
        date: 2009-06-08
       words: 3479
      flesch: 42
     summary: Evidence from New Zealand's regionalised perinatal system Perinatal mortality distributed by type of hospital in the central district of Helsinki, Finland The choice of place of delivery: effect of hospital level on mortality in all singleton births in New York City The relationship between neonatal mortality and hospital level Perinatal mortality rates in isolated general practitioner maternity units Neonatal mortality in normal birth weight babies: does the level of hospital care make a difference? However, the results of studies concluding lower neonatal mortality rates in advanced or large hospitals than in local community hospitals sampled the birth data before 1999
    keywords: community; hospitals; mortality; neonatal; sars; services
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        item: #2998 of 5187
          id: cord-311633-i9ret7bw
      author: Péré, Hélène
       title: Unexpected diagnosis of COVID-19-associated disorders by SARS-CoV-2-specific serology
        date: 2020-08-04
       words: 1683
      flesch: 42
     summary: Abbott SARS-CoV-2 IgG assay sensitivity. Thus, the frequency of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG was around 10-fold higher in COVID-19 areas than COVID-19 free areas (75% versus 8%; P < 0.001).
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; igg; sars
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        item: #2999 of 5187
          id: cord-311635-hf6vrbyx
      author: Reuken, Philipp Alexander
       title: Between Fear and Courage: Attitudes, Beliefs, and Behavior of Liver Transplantation Recipients and Waiting List Candidates during the COVID‐19 Pandemic
        date: 2020-06-08
       words: 3485
      flesch: 41
     summary: The Lancet Liver injury in COVID-19: management and challenges COVID-19 in long-term liver transplant patients: preliminary experience from an Italian transplant centre in Lombardy Determining risk factors for mortality in liver transplant patients with COVID-19 Coronaviruses and Immunosuppressed Patients: The Facts During the Third Epidemic Care of patients with liver disease during the COVID-19 pandemic: EASL-ESCMID position paper Highlights for management of patients with Autoimmune Liver Disease during COVID-19 pandemia COVID-19 pandemic will have a long-lasting impact on the quality of cirrhosis care Using social and behavioural science to support COVID-19 pandemic response. All rights reserved A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China WHO Director-General's opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19 -11 Johns Hopkins Coronavirus Resource Center COVID-19 and the policy sciences: initial reactions and perspectives Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China.
    keywords: covid-19; fear; liver; patients; recipients; transplant; transplantation
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        item: #3000 of 5187
          id: cord-311673-z4hkw17g
      author: Uzzan, Mathieu
       title: Why is SARS-CoV-2 infection more severe in obese men? The gut lymphatics - lung axis hypothesis
        date: 2020-06-23
       words: 2975
      flesch: 32
     summary: Higher risk of death was further reported for males with cardiovascular comorbidities within COVID-19 ICU patients [3, 4] . Further investigations demonstrated that peripheral inflammatory monocytes and T cells through their production of GM-CSF may incite cytokine storm in severe COVID-19 patients [15, 16] .
    keywords: cells; covid-19; fat; inflammation; patients; sars; syndrome
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        item: #3001 of 5187
          id: cord-311696-ccbc1k1m
      author: Pelisser, Michel
       title: Sports balls as potential SARS-CoV-2 transmission vectors
        date: 2020-07-10
       words: 2296
      flesch: 46
     summary: We found that the surface of sport balls, notably a football, tennis ball, golf ball, and cricket ball could not harbour inactivated virus when it was swabbed onto the surface, even for 30 seconds. key: cord-311696-ccbc1k1m authors: Pelisser, Michel; Thompson, Joe; Majra, Dasha; Youhanna, Sonia; Stebbing, Justin; Davies, Peter title: Sports balls as potential SARS-CoV-2 transmission vectors date: 2020-07-10 journal: nan DOI: 10.1016/j.puhip.2020.100029 sha: doc_id: 311696 cord_uid: ccbc1k1m Abstract Objects passed from one player to another have not been assessed for their ability to transmit severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
    keywords: balls; cov-2; sars; virus
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        item: #3002 of 5187
          id: cord-311730-189vax2m
      author: Becker, Richard C.
       title: Covid-19 treatment update: follow the scientific evidence
        date: 2020-04-27
       words: 4518
      flesch: 34
     summary: The number of clinical trials in Covid-19 patients, either planned or ongoing is increasing on a daily basis. [3] ( On March 28, 2020 the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA issued) an emergency use authorization (EUA) permitting chloroquine phosphate (medical grade) and hydroxychloroquine sulfate to be added to the strategic national stockpile (SNS) (Fig. 2) .
    keywords: chloroquine; covid-19; disease; drug; effects; health; hydroxychloroquine; patients; potential; qtc; research; sars; treatment
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        item: #3003 of 5187
          id: cord-311758-wof4yi39
      author: Clauw, Daniel J.
       title: Considering the potential for an increase in chronic pain after the COVID-19 pandemic
        date: 2020-06-03
       words: 3187
      flesch: 35
     summary: Aydin Atar E. The impact of perceived social support on anxiety, depression and severity of pain and burnout among Turkish females with fibromyalgia Postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome-a meta-analysis Altered pituitaryadrenal axis responses to provocative challenge tests in adult survivors of childhood abuse Post-infective and chronic fatigue syndromes precipitated by viral and non-viral pathogens: prospective cohort study Posttraumatic stress disorder in convalescent severe acute respiratory syndrome patients: a 4-year follow-up study Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): epidemiology and clinical features Long-term outcome and quality of life of patients treated in surgical intensive care: a comparison between sepsis and trauma Opioid-induced immunosuppression and carcinogenesis promotion theories create the newest trend in acute and chronic pain pharmacotherapy Stress and psychological distress among SARS survivors 1 year after the outbreak EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia Long-term psychiatric morbidities among SARS survivors Was SARS a mental health catastrophe? Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal stress axis function and the relationship with chronic widespread pain and its antecedents Epidemiology of chronic musculoskeletal pain Predicting chronic symptoms after an acute stressor-lessons learned from 3 medical conditions Chronic widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, depression and disordered sleep in chronic post-SARS syndrome Induction of neurasthenic musculoskeletal pain syndrome by selective sleep stage deprivation Clinical findings and pain symptoms as potential risk factors for chronic TMD: descriptive data and empirically identified domains from the OPPERA case-control study Major life events and minor stressors: identifying mediational links in the stress process COVID-19 and mental health: a review of the existing literature A community-based survey of fibromyalgia-like pain complaints following the World Trade Center terrorist attacks Why stress is bad for your brain Health-related quality of life and posttraumatic stress disorder in survivors of the acute respiratory distress syndrome Considerations for post-acute rehabilitation for survivors of COVID-19: JMIR public health and surveillance Biopsychosocial model of irritable bowel syndrome The Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine. In this unprecedented crisis, the immediate healthcare concerns are directed towards containment and acute patient care.
    keywords: chronic; covid-19; health; pain; patients; symptoms; syndrome
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        item: #3004 of 5187
          id: cord-311762-f6muhf3d
      author: Chen, Yu Wai
       title: Prediction of the SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV) 3C-like protease (3CL (pro)) structure: virtual screening reveals velpatasvir, ledipasvir, and other drug repurposing candidates
        date: 2020-02-21
       words: 2803
      flesch: 55
     summary: On 7 January 2020, a new coronavirus, 2019-nCoV (now officially named SARS-CoV-2) was implicated in an alarming outbreak of a pneumonia-like illness COVID-19, originating from Wuhan City, Hubei, China. It was immediately evident from its genome that the coronavirus is evolutionarily related (80% identity) to the beta-coronavirus implicated in the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), which originated in bats and was causative of a global outbreak in 2003.
    keywords: 3cl; cov; pro; sars; screening; structure; table
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        item: #3005 of 5187
          id: cord-311766-m9yv4qkm
      author: Demey, Baptiste
       title: Dynamic profile for the detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies using four immunochromatographic assays
        date: 2020-05-07
       words: 1756
      flesch: 44
     summary: Thus, immunochromatographic tests for the detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies may have their place for the diagnostic panel of COVID-19. Thus, immunochromatographic tests for the detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies may have their place for the diagnostic panel of COVID-19.
    keywords: cov-2; detection; sars; tests
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        item: #3006 of 5187
          id: cord-311782-d2t8bzio
      author: Fiore, Josè Ramòn
       title: Results from a survey in healthy blood donors in South Eastern Italy indicate that we are far away from herd immunity to SARS‐CoV‐2
        date: 2020-08-13
       words: 1728
      flesch: 39
     summary: key: cord-311782-d2t8bzio authors: Fiore, Josè Ramòn; Centra, Michele; De Carlo, Armando; Granato, Tommaso; Rosa, Annamaria; Sarno, Michelina; De Feo, Lucia; Di Stefano, Mariantonietta; D' Errico, Maria; Caputo, Sergio Lo; De Nittis, Rosella; Arena, Fabio; Corso, Gaetano; Margaglione, Maurizio; Santantonio, Teresa Antonia title: Results from a survey in healthy blood donors in South Eastern Italy indicate that we are far away from herd immunity to SARS‐CoV‐2 date: 2020-08-13 journal: J Med Virol DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26425 sha: doc_id: 311782 cord_uid: d2t8bzio Here we present results from a survey on anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 seroprevalence in healthy blood donors from a low incidence COVID‐19 area (Apulia region, South Eastern Italy). Other important factors in calculating herd immunity thresholds include the number of social interactions and their durations, innate differences in individual immune responses, and divergent exposures to the infectious microbe (1) People who recover from a COVID-19 coronavirus infection, at least for some time, develop immunity to the virus (6).
    keywords: blood; herd; immunity; population; sars
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        item: #3007 of 5187
          id: cord-311835-dmqfij6j
      author: Siu, Kam-Leung
       title: Comparative analysis of the activation of unfolded protein response by spike proteins of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and human coronavirus HKU1
        date: 2014-01-13
       words: 4934
      flesch: 50
     summary: In this study we compared S proteins of SARS-CoV and HCoV-HKU1 for their ability to activate the UPR. N-linked glycosylation was not required for the activation of the UPR by S proteins.
    keywords: activation; coronavirus; cov; hcov; hku1; protein; sars; upr
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        item: #3008 of 5187
          id: cord-311843-un6urdb1
      author: Baray, Juwel Chandra
       title: BANCOVID, the first D614G variant mRNA-based vaccine candidate against SARS-CoV-2 elicits neutralizing antibody and balanced cellular immune response
        date: 2020-09-30
       words: 3180
      flesch: 54
     summary: In Mice Self-Amplifying RNA SARS-CoV-2 Lipid Nanoparticle Vaccine 706 Candidate Induces High Neutralizing Antibody Titers in Mice Alnylam Launches Era of RNAi Drugs Capping, and Proofreading Mechanisms of SARS-Coronavirus Exoribonuclease Activity Are Susceptible to Lethal Mutagenesis: Evidence for 715 Proofreading and Potential Therapeutics Molecular Architecture of Early Dissemination and 722 Massive Second Wave of the SARS-CoV-2 Virus in a Major Metropolitan Area Tracking Changes in 731 SARS-CoV-2 Spike: Evidence That D614G Increases Infectivity of the COVID-19 D614G Spike Variant Does Not Alter IgG, IgM, 735 or IgA Spike Seroassay Performance SARS-CoV-2 Viral Spike G614 Mutation Exhibits 785 Higher Case Fatality Rate The Spike D614G Mutation Increases SARS-CoV-2 Infection of Multiple 789 The D614G Mutation in the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Reduces S1 Shedding 793 and Increases Infectivity Structural Impact of Mutation D614G in SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein: 796 Enhanced Infectivity and Therapeutic Opportunity Spike Mutation D614G Alters SARS-CoV-2 Fitness and Neutralization 802 The Effect 804 of Size and Charge of Lipid Nanoparticles Prepared by Microfluidic Mixing on Their 805 Lymph Node Transitivity and Distribution Lipid-Based Nanoparticles in the Systemic 808 Delivery of SiRNA Virus-like Particles Induces a Strong Antiviral-like Immune Response in Mice Type 1/Type 2 Immunity in Infectious Diseases IgG Subclass Co-Expression Brings Harmony to the Quartet Model of 818 Flow cytometric analysis of total T cell (CD4 + ) populations producing IL-6 on mouse splenocyte upon SARS-CoV-2 S protein stimulation.
    keywords: cells; column; cov-2; mice; sars; step; vaccine
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        item: #3009 of 5187
          id: cord-311847-2czqs84q
      author: Pennisi, Manuela
       title: SARS-CoV-2 and the Nervous System: From Clinical Features to Molecular Mechanisms
        date: 2020-07-31
       words: 9018
      flesch: 36
     summary: The differences in the sequence of spike proteins between SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 will enable scientists to identify epitopes in COVID-19 patients for the development of monoclonal antibodies against this virus. COVID-19: Consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression Analysis of clinical characteristics and laboratory findings of 95 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: A retrospective analysis The interface between stroke and infectious disease: Infectious diseases leading to stroke and infections complicating stroke The clinical pathology of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): A report from Progression in migraine: Role of mast cells and pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines The pathogenesis and treatment of the 'Cytokine Storm' in COVID-19 Analysis of the clinical effect of olfactory training on olfactory dysfunction after upper respiratory tract infection Anosmia in COVID-19: A Bumpy Road to Establishing a Cellular Mechanism Massive transient damage of the olfactory epithelium associated with infection of sustentacular cells by SARS-CoV-2 in golden Syrian hamsters Olfactory transmucosal SARS-CoV-2 invasion as port of Central Nervous System entry in COVID-19 patients A Mouse Model of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Pathogenesis Prevalence of Chemosensory Dysfunction in COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Reveals Significant Ethnic Differences Smell and taste dysfunction in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection: A review of epidemiology, pathogenesis, prognosis, and treatment options.
    keywords: ace2; acute; brain; cells; cns; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; covs; disease; human; infection; olfactory; patients; sars; study; syndrome; viral
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        item: #3010 of 5187
          id: cord-311848-8n9ee57a
      author: Giesen, Nicola
       title: Evidence-based Management of COVID-19 in Cancer Patients – Guideline by the Infectious Diseases Working Party (AGIHO) of the German Society for Haematology and Medical Oncology (DGHO)
        date: 2020-09-21
       words: 7686
      flesch: 37
     summary: 57-60 If caring for COVID-19 patients, we strongly recommend that 185 HCWs wear FFP2/N95 respirators (AII t ) and personal protective equipment including gloves, gowns 186 and eye protection such as goggles or face shields (AII r ). 11 Given that many targeted agents adversely affect immune 303 function we marginally support discontinuation of targeted therapy in COVID-19 patients (CIII).
    keywords: aii; cancer; cohort; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; patients; risk; sars; study; therapy; treatment
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        item: #3011 of 5187
          id: cord-311905-4yu29b49
      author: Kakoulidis, Ioannis
       title: SARS-CoV-2 infection and glucose homeostasis in pregnancy. What about antenatal corticosteroids?
        date: 2020-05-06
       words: 1084
      flesch: 32
     summary: Until additional data on pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 become available, intensive monitoring of infected pregnant women during the time of BM administration is crucial. Therefore, extreme caution should be given, regarding the use of antenatal corticosteroids, in case of pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 requiring preterm delivery [1, 3, 4, 16] .
    keywords: cov-2; sars; women
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        item: #3012 of 5187
          id: cord-311918-gifwg2ho
      author: BENDER, Whitney R.
       title: Universal Testing for SARS-CoV-2 in Two Philadelphia Hospitals: Carrier Prevalence and Symptom Development Over Two Weeks
        date: 2020-09-11
       words: 2828
      flesch: 47
     summary: As this study is among the first to report 291 clinical follow-up from asymptomatic negative women, additional studies are warranted to 292 confirm its findings. Further, no studies to 120 J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f 6 date have reported follow-up of asymptomatic women who tested negative during their 121 hospitalization.
    keywords: asymptomatic; cov-2; sars; testing; women
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        item: #3013 of 5187
          id: cord-311926-n7co0jtu
      author: Donà, Daniele
       title: COVID-19 Pandemic: Perspective of an Italian Tertiary Care Pediatric Center
        date: 2020-09-01
       words: 3186
      flesch: 46
     summary: Predicting a rapid spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus within our region, in the afternoon of February 24th the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Padua University Hospital called for an emergency meeting with all the department chairmen and the mandates received were: • to ensure the protection of the healthcare workers, as the top priority; • to rigorously implement all the conventional rules emanated by the WHO for preventing the infection • to minimize the risk of admitting into hospital asymptomatic COVID-19 positive patients; • to adapt/transform some hospital areas in order to be able to admit and treat suspected/confirmed; COVID-19 pediatric patients Predicting a rapid spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus within our region, in the afternoon of February 24th the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Padua University Hospital called for an emergency meeting with all the department chairmen and the mandates received were: • to ensure the protection of the healthcare workers, as the top priority; • to rigorously implement all the conventional rules emanated by the WHO for preventing the infection • to minimize the risk of admitting into hospital asymptomatic COVID-19 positive patients; • to adapt/transform some hospital areas in order to be able to admit and treat suspected/confirmed; COVID-19 pediatric patients • To ensure continuity of treatment when appropriate and needed. On a daily basis, the head nurses were required to call in the families who were scheduled to be admitted to the hospital, within the 1-2 days prior to the admission to run a telephone pre-triage, based on a standardized questionnaire aiming to pick-up epidemiologic risk factors or signs and symptoms of COVID-19 infection in the patient or in his/her accompanying family member.
    keywords: children; covid-19; healthcare; hospital; patients; sars
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        item: #3014 of 5187
          id: cord-311948-3v311fnd
      author: Ishiguro, Takashi
       title: Clinical Course and Findings of 14 Patients with COVID-19 Compared with 5 Patients with Conventional Human Coronavirus Pneumonia
        date: 2020-08-27
       words: 2630
      flesch: 49
     summary: A rapid advice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of Clinical and molecular epidemiological features of coronavirus HKU1-associated community-acquired pneumonia Epidemiology of human coronavirus NL63 infection among hospitalized patients with pneumonia in Taiwan Nowcasting and forecasting the potential domestic and international spread of the 2019-nCoV outbreak originating in Wuhan, China: a modelling study Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV): estimating the case-fatality rate -a word of caution Clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, and treatment outcomes of SARS patients Analysis of factors associated with disease outcomes in hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus Abnormal coagulation parameters are associated with poor prognosis in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia During hospitalization, another patient with no pulmonary shadows on admission developed pneumonia.
    keywords: day; patients; pneumonia; sars
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        item: #3015 of 5187
          id: cord-311965-3x3tjzhi
      author: Alexander, Jan
       title: Early Nutritional Interventions with Zinc, Selenium and Vitamin D for Raising Anti-Viral Resistance Against Progressive COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-07
       words: 5169
      flesch: 31
     summary: The role of vitamin D in the prevention of coronavirus disease 2019 infection and mortality Editorial: Low population mortality from COVID-19 in countries south of latitude 35 degrees North supports vitamin D as a factor determining severity Prior diagnoses and medications as risk factors for COVID-19 in a Los Angeles Health System Low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels in patients hospitalised with COVID-19 are associated with greater disease severity Factors Associated with Hospitalization and Disease Severity in a Racially and Ethnically Diverse Population of COVID-19 Patients Vitamin D and respiratory health Vitamin D deficiency as a risk factor for infection, sepsis and mortality in the critically ill: Systematic review and meta-analysis Link between community-acquired pneumonia and vitamin D levels in older patients Addition of vitamin D status to prognostic scores improves the prediction of outcome in community-acquired pneumonia Vitamin D Status and Long-Term Mortality in Community-Acquired Pneumonia: Secondary Data Analysis from a Prospective Cohort Association between prehospital vitamin D status and incident acute respiratory failure in critically ill patients: A retrospective cohort study Vitamin D increases the antiviral activity of bronchial epithelial cells in vitro Vitamin D represses rhinovirus replication in cystic fibrosis cells by inducing LL-37 Effects of vitamin D on airway epithelial cell morphology and rhinovirus replication Vitamin D decreases respiratory syncytial virus induction of NF-kappaB-linked chemokines and cytokines in airway epithelium while maintaining the antiviral state Relationship to Duration of Infection Vitamin D inhibition of pro-fibrotic effects of transforming growth factor beta1 in lung fibroblasts and epithelial cells The role of vitamin D supplementation in the risk of developing pneumonia: Epidemiological studies suggested an inverse association between circulating levels of 25(OH)-D3, a biomarker of vitamin D status, and inflammatory biomarkers, including CRP and IL-6
    keywords: covid-19; deficiency; infections; patients; sars; selenium; status; supplementation; treatment; vitamin; zinc
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        item: #3016 of 5187
          id: cord-312005-9so3orib
      author: Klussmeier, Anja
       title: Etablierung der PCR-basierten SARS-CoV-2-Testung im Hochdurchsatz
        date: 2020-09-05
       words: 418
      flesch: 47
     summary: Dies ermöglicht insbesondere die initiale Vereinigung von Proben mit einer automatisch ausgelösten Einzelanalyse positiver Pools. Pro Werktag werden hier rund 5.000 Proben im Hochdurchsatz bearbeitet: von der Annahme der Abstrichtupfer, über die DNA-Isolation, PCR und Sequenzierung bis hin zur Datenanalyse
    keywords: cov-2; der; sars; und; von
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        item: #3017 of 5187
          id: cord-312027-5tntdjp9
      author: Charlton, Carmen L.
       title: Evaluation of Six Commercial Mid- to High-Volume Antibody and Six Point-of-Care Lateral Flow Assays for Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies
        date: 2020-09-22
       words: 4218
      flesch: 43
     summary: Serology assays can detect SARS-CoV-2 antibodies as early as 10 days after symptom onset. Serology assays vary in their sensitivity based on the marker (IgA/IgM versus IgG versus total) and by manufacturer; however, overall only 4 EIAs and 4 POCTs had sensitivities of >95% >21 days after symptom onset.
    keywords: assays; cov-2; days; onset; patients; sars; symptom; time
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        item: #3018 of 5187
          id: cord-312036-5867bc6i
      author: Decker, Annegrit
       title: Prolonged SARS‐CoV‐2 shedding and mild course of COVID‐19 in a patient after recent heart transplantation
        date: 2020-06-09
       words: 1944
      flesch: 43
     summary: 2, 3 Since many patients with COVID-19 develop cardiovascular complications 4 , heart transplant recipients may be at particular risk. Our experiences in this case underscore the particularities in management of COVID-19 in heart transplant recipients.
    keywords: covid-19; heart; immunosuppression; recipients; transplant; transplantation
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        item: #3019 of 5187
          id: cord-312038-g76cpjp7
      author: Brunaugh, Ashlee D.
       title: Broad-Spectrum, Patient-Adaptable Inhaled Niclosamide-Lysozyme Particles are Efficacious Against Coronaviruses in Lethal Murine Infection Models
        date: 2020-10-07
       words: 11069
      flesch: 39
     summary: Though hLYS is surface active, it appeared to only slightly enhance the dissolution of NIC compared to NIC particles blended with lactose (F). We have previously demonstrated that hen egg white lysozyme is robust to processinduced aggregation using typical particle engineering techniques (51) , which provided part of the rationale for its selection as a therapeutically active carrier for the aerosol delivery of NIC particles.
    keywords: activity; cells; cov-2; covid-19; delivery; dose; drug; fig; formulation; hlys; infection; lung; mers; mice; nic; niclosamide; particles; powder; sars; spray; study; treatment
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        item: #3020 of 5187
          id: cord-312065-nqy7m38f
      author: Peng, Philip W. H.
       title: Infection control and anesthesia: Lessons learned from the Toronto SARS outbreak
        date: 2003
       words: 4587
      flesch: 60
     summary: However, another cluster of SARS patients was discovered on May 23, 2003. In April, a number of health care workers contracted the infection during their care of SARS patients despite increased protective precautions.
    keywords: acute; anesthesia; care; case; control; health; infection; intubation; patient; sars; syndrome; toronto
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        item: #3021 of 5187
          id: cord-312115-foy3dsq4
      author: Sekine, Takuya
       title: Robust T cell immunity in convalescent individuals with asymptomatic or mild COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-14
       words: 4930
      flesch: 38
     summary: Higher frequencies of T cell responses were also found in exposed seronegative family members compared to unexposed donors ( Figure S5E ). In contrast, memory T cell responses can persist for many years (Le Bert et al., 2020; Tang et al., 2011; Yang et al., 2006) and, in mice, protect against lethal challenge with SARS-CoV-1 (Channappanavar et al., 2014) .
    keywords: cells; cov-2; covid-19; et al; figure; individuals; memory; responses; sars
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        item: #3022 of 5187
          id: cord-312160-2820aftb
      author: Ibrahim, Mahmoud A.A.
       title: In silico Drug Discovery of Major Metabolites from Spices as SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Inhibitors
        date: 2020-10-08
       words: 2445
      flesch: 44
     summary: Therefore, structure-based computational modeling of ligand-receptor interactions can be used to identify potential M pro inhibitors to block viral replication. Since the main protease of SARS-CoV-2 (M pro ) plays a critical role in the viral replication process, structure-based computational modeling of ligand-receptor interactions and molecular dynamics has been used to screen metabolites from common spices as potential M pro inhibitors.
    keywords: acid; cov-2; inhibitors; pro; protease; sars; spices
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        item: #3023 of 5187
          id: cord-312170-p2yrbosz
      author: Chiu, Man-Chun
       title: Suggested management of immunocompromized kidney patients suffering from SARS
        date: 2003-10-24
       words: 834
      flesch: 52
     summary: The treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is still empirical and controversial, and little is known worldwide about the treatment for SARS kidney transplant patients. Since SARS children fare much better than the aged, it is likely that those ESRD children might also have a better outcome.
    keywords: children; sars
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        item: #3024 of 5187
          id: cord-312178-tojgojjf
      author: Segars, James
       title: Prior and Novel Coronaviruses, COVID-19, and Human Reproduction: What Is Known?
        date: 2020-04-16
       words: 5366
      flesch: 41
     summary: An in silico analysis Structure, Function, and Evolution of Coronavirus Spike Proteins Human coronaviruses OC43 and HKU1 bind to 9-O-acetylated sialic acids via a conserved receptorbinding site in spike protein domain A Structural insights into coronavirus entry Human and bovine coronaviruses recognize sialic acid-containing receptors similar to those of influenza C viruses Cryo-electron microscopy structures of the SARS-CoV spike glycoprotein reveal a prerequisite conformational state for receptor binding Tectonic conformational changes of a coronavirus spike glycoprotein promote membrane fusion Cryo-EM structures of MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV spike glycoproteins reveal the dynamic receptor binding domains Ezrin interacts with the SARS coronavirus Spike protein and restrains infection at the entry stage Cryo-EM structure of the SARS coronavirus spike glycoprotein in complex with its host cell receptor ACE2 Organ distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in SARS patients: implications for pathogenesis and virus transmission pathways In a 2005 study of eight postmortem SARS-CoV patients, testicular tissue contained focal atrophy despite lacking identifiable SARS viral RNA (24) .
    keywords: case; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; patients; pregnancy; reports; sars; transmission; women
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        item: #3025 of 5187
          id: cord-312275-plqturzi
      author: Nielsen, Sandra C.A.
       title: Human B cell clonal expansion and convergent antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-09-03
       words: 2630
      flesch: 43
     summary: mAbs generated from COVID-19 patient convergent 321 clones (red) or clones convergent with BD-494 (green) were compared to negative control mAbs 322 B8, C11, D6, E7, F6, and F10 (black). Notably, sequence-based detection in COVID-19 patients of convergent B cell clonotypes previously reported in SARS-CoV infection predicts the presence of SARS-CoV/SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive antibody titers specific for the receptor-binding domain (RBD).
    keywords: clones; convergent; cov-2; covid-19; ighg1; ighg3 ighg1; ighm; patients; sars
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        item: #3026 of 5187
          id: cord-312278-rin733w4
      author: Wang, Yung‐Chih
       title: Current diagnostic tools for coronaviruses–From laboratory diagnosis to POC diagnosis for COVID‐19
        date: 2020-08-13
       words: 2256
      flesch: 41
     summary: Bat coronaviruses in China SARS and MERS: recent insights into emerging coronaviruses From SARS to MERS, thrusting coronaviruses into the spotlight Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China Technical Advisory Group for Infectious H. COVID-19: what is next for public health? Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Baseline characteristics and outcomes of 1591 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 admitted to ICUs of the Lombardy region Detection of SARS coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome by conventional and real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR assays Laboratory diagnosis of emerging human coronavirus infections-the state of the art Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in different types of clinical specimens The role of laboratory diagnostics in emerging viral infections: the example of the Middle East respiratory syndrome epidemic Serologic and molecular biologic methods for SARS-associated coronavirus infection Serology of severe acute respiratory syndrome: implications for surveillance and outcome Examination of seroprevalence of coronavirus HKU1 infection with S protein-based ELISA and neutralization assay against viral spike pseudotyped virus Coronavirus COVID-19 outbreak: Latest news, information and updates COVID-19) Emergency Use Authorizations for Medical Devices Genome composition and divergence of the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) originating in China Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Primer design for quantitative real-time PCR for the emerging coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 The laboratory diagnosis of COVID-19 infection: current issues and challenges Correlation of chest CT and RT-PCR testing in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China: a report of 1014 cases Negative nasopharyngeal and Oropharyngeal swab does not rule out COVID-19 Molecular and serological investigation of 2019-nCoV infected patients: implication of multiple shedding routes Saliva as a non-invasive specimen for detection of SARS-CoV-2 Saliva is a reliable tool to detect SARS-CoV-2 The Applied Biosystems TaqPath COVID-19 Combo Kit Neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and other human coronaviruses The incubation period of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from publicly reported confirmed cases: estimation and application Chembio Announces Launch of DPP COVID-19 Serological Point-of-Care Test BD Veritor™ System for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Development of a colloidal gold-based immunochromatographic strip for rapid detection of Klebsiella pneumoniae serotypes K1 and K2 Development of immunochromatographic colloidal gold test strip for rapid detection of Haemophilus influenzae in clinical specimens Feasibility of using colloidal gold immunochromatography for point-of-care identification of parathyroid glands during thyroidectomy The COVID-19 IgG/IgM Rapid Test Accula SARS-CoV-2 Test VitaPCR™ COVID-19 Assay Vivalytic Rapid Test for COVID-19 COVID-19 Test (At-Home Kit Laboratory TaqPath SARS-CoV-2 Assay Fulgent Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) RT-PCR test Everlywell COVID-19 Test Home Collection Kit Quest Self-collection Kit for COVID-19 Gravity Diagnostics COVID-19 Assay KPMAS COVID-19 Test Kroger Health COVID-19
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; detection; diagnosis; disease; sars; test
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        item: #3027 of 5187
          id: cord-312305-ll29frwc
      author: Sun, Shihui
       title: Characterization and structural basis of a lethal mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-11-11
       words: 4757
      flesch: 44
     summary: Additionally, immunostaining of lung sections showed a significant infiltration of CD68 + macrophages and Ly-6G + neutrophils in MASCp36 infected mice ( fig. Aged mice challenged with high dose of MASCp36 developed typical respiratory symptoms and exhibited features like ruffled fur, hunched back, and reduced activity.
    keywords: binding; complex; cov-2; covid-19; disease; fig; lung; mace2; mascp36; mice; model; mouse; rbdmascp36; sars
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        item: #3028 of 5187
          id: cord-312340-hpuoren5
      author: Holstein, Sarah A.
       title: Oncology Treatment in the Era of COVID‐19: We Cannot Afford to Hit the Pause Button
        date: 2020-06-02
       words: 1967
      flesch: 34
     summary: The Role of Clinical Trial Participation in Cancer Research: Barriers, Evidence, and Strategies Early Impact of COVID-19 on the Conduct of Oncology Clinical Trials and Long-Term Opportunities for Transformation: Findings From an Adapting to a pandemic -conducting oncology trials during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic Time to activate lung cancer clinical trials and patient enrollment: a representative comparison study between two academic centers across the atlantic Invisible barriers to clinical trials: the impact of structural, infrastructural, and procedural barriers to opening oncology clinical trials Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer treatment and research The many faces of the anti-COVID immune response Accepted Article It should also be noted that some institutions have opened COVID-19 clinical trials in remarkably short time periods (i.e., in a matter of weeks), which raises the question as to why most oncology trials take 3-8 months to open at academic centers (7, 8) .
    keywords: cancer; covid-19; oncology; patients; trials
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        item: #3029 of 5187
          id: cord-312350-klxw65qa
      author: Khan, Zafran
       title: Diagnostic approaches and potential therapeutic options for coronavirus disease (COVID-19)
        date: 2020-09-30
       words: 1021
      flesch: 33
     summary: key: cord-312350-klxw65qa authors: Khan, Zafran; Ghafoor, Dawood; Khan, Asaf; Ualiyeva, Daniya; Khan, Shahzad Akbar; Bilal, Hazrat; Khan, Babar; Khan, Ayub; Sajjad, Wasim title: Diagnostic approaches and potential therapeutic options for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) date: 2020-09-30 journal: New Microbes New Infect DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2020.100770 sha: doc_id: 312350 cord_uid: klxw65qa The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in Wuhan city of China in late December 2019 and identified as a novel coronavirus. Due to its contagious nature, the virus spreads rapidly and causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
    keywords: clinical; coronavirus; covid-19; disease
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        item: #3030 of 5187
          id: cord-312367-24huwt3y
      author: Coelho, Camila
       title: Biochemical screening for SARS-CoV-2 main protease inhibitors
        date: 2020-10-06
       words: 3381
      flesch: 41
     summary: Recent progresses in polymer and textile applications Benzophenone derivatives as cysteine protease inhibitors and biological activity against Leishmania(L.) amazonensis amastigotes Leishmanicidal therapy targeted to parasite proteases Molecular mechanisms of quinone cytotoxicity Sulfonic Acid Dyes: Inhibition of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Mechanism of Action Evans Blue Inhibits HBV Replication Through a Dual Antiviral Mechanism by Targeting Virus Binding and Capsid Assembly Evaluation and comparison of computational models Expression and purification of soluble His(6)-tagged TEV protease Use of a Fluorescence Plate Reader for Measuring Kinetic Parameters with Inner Filter Effect Correction Program DYNAFIT for the Analysis of Enzyme Kinetic Data: Application to HIV Proteinase The authors thank FastBio, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil for help with reagent importation. Thus, further work has to be carried out to corroborate whether hematoporphyrin is indeed a specific inhibitor of SARS-Cov-2 M pro and eventually a mediator of hematological disorders.
    keywords: compounds; cov-2; inhibitors; pro; protease; sars
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        item: #3031 of 5187
          id: cord-312401-y1tat1bf
      author: Sakurai, Aki
       title: Natural History of Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection
        date: 2020-06-12
       words: 919
      flesch: 46
     summary: Field Briefing: Diamond Princess COVID-19 Cases National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Field Briefing: Diamond Princess COVID-19 4 Fujita Health University Okazaki Medical Center, located 180 miles west from Yokohama, was a new hospital that was slated to open in April 2020.
    keywords: asymptomatic; cases; sars
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        item: #3032 of 5187
          id: cord-312414-g5px0b65
      author: Takagi, Akira
       title: An immunodominance hierarchy exists in CD8+ T cell responses to HLA-A*02:01-restricted epitopes identified from the non-structural polyprotein 1a of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-09-19
       words: 4093
      flesch: 51
     summary: Front 603 immunol 11:1729 Longitudinal analyses 610 reveal immunological misfiring in severe COVID-19 Origin and evolution of pathogenic coronaviruses Efficient induction of 615 cytotoxic T lymphocytes specific for severe acute respiratory syndrome 616 (SARS)-associated coronavirus by immunization with surface-linked liposomal 617 peptides derived from a non-structural polyprotein 1a SYFPEITHI: database for MHC ligands and peptide motifs A hybrid approach for predicting promiscuous 622 MHC class I restricted T cell epitopes ProPred1: Prediction of promiscuous MHC class-I 624 binding sites The immune epitope database (IEDB) Cytotoxic T 630 lymphocytes recognize a fragment of influenza virus matrix protein in association 631 with HLA-A2 An optimal viral peptide recognized by 633 CD8 + T cells binds very tightly to the restricting class I major histocompatibility 634 complex protein on intact cells but not to the purified class I protein 1-restricted education and cytolytic activity of CD8 + T lymphocytes from 638 beta2 microglobulin (beta2m) HLA-A2.1 monochain transgenic H-2D b beta2m 639 double knockout mice A 641 sequence homology and bioinformatics approach can predict candidate targets for 642 immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 coronavirus vaccine design using 644 reverse vaccinology and machine learning SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell 649 immunity in cases of COVID-19 and SARS, and uninfected controls Selective 655 and cross-reactive SARS-CoV-2 T cell epitopes in unexposed humans Sette A. 660 2020. One week later, spleen cells 170 of immunized mice were prepared, stimulated in vitro with a relevant peptide for 5 hours, 171 and stained for their expression of cell-surface CD8 and intracellular interferon-gamma 172 (IFN-. As shown in Fig. 2 , the intracellular cytokine staining (ICS) assay showed that 173 significant numbers of IFN--producing CD8+ T cells were elicited in mice immunized 174 with 18 liposomal peptides including pp1a-38, -52, -84, -103, -445, -597, -641, -1675, 175 -2785, -2884, -3083, -3403, -3467, -3583, -3662, -3710, -3732, and -3886, revealing that 176 these 18 peptides are HLA-A*02:01-restricted CTL epitopes derived from SARS-CoV-2 177 pp1a.
    keywords: cd8; cells; ctl; epitopes; mice; peptides; sars
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        item: #3033 of 5187
          id: cord-312434-yx24golq
      author: Deng, Ziqin
       title: Bibliometric and Visualization Analysis of Human Coronaviruses: Prospects and Implications for COVID-19 Research
        date: 2020-09-23
       words: 6227
      flesch: 40
     summary: Leading researchers from various fields of human coronavirus research are listed to facilitate collaboration and promote effective disease prevention and control. This is partially due to the unclear knowledge map of human coronavirus research and an inadequate understanding of the present research status, hotspots and development trends.
    keywords: analysis; coronavirus; cov; covid-19; human; mers; outbreak; publications; research; sars
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        item: #3034 of 5187
          id: cord-312444-c1dz5o85
      author: Faure‐Bardon, V
       title: How should we treat pregnant women infected with SARS‐CoV‐2?
        date: 2020-05-14
       words: 1833
      flesch: 40
     summary: key: cord-312444-c1dz5o85 authors: Faure‐Bardon, V; Salomon, LJ; Leruez‐Ville, M; Ville, Y title: How should we treat pregnant women infected with SARS‐CoV‐2? date: 2020-05-14 journal: BJOG DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.16270 sha: doc_id: 312444 cord_uid: c1dz5o85 Pregnant women are just as exposed as the general population and should not be excluded, because of their status, from discussions on effective and well tolerated candidate treatments.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; sars; treatment; women
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        item: #3035 of 5187
          id: cord-312473-7i7efdp2
      author: Sidhom, John-William
       title: Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cell receptors in ImmuneCode reveals cross-reactivity to immunodominant Influenza M1 epitope
        date: 2020-06-20
       words: 1182
      flesch: 31
     summary: Select overlapping epitopes were highlighted showing a shared SNVT motif and corresponding specific TCRs were represented with a seqlogo (bottom). key: cord-312473-7i7efdp2 authors: Sidhom, John-William; Baras, Alexander S. title: Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cell receptors in ImmuneCode reveals cross-reactivity to immunodominant Influenza M1 epitope date: 2020-06-20 journal: bioRxiv DOI: 10.1101/2020.06.20.160499 sha: doc_id: 312473 cord_uid: 7i7efdp2 Adaptive Biotechnologies and Microsoft have recently partnered to release ImmuneCode, a database containing SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cell receptors derived through MIRA, a T-cell receptor (TCR) sequencing based sequencing approach to identify antigen-specific TCRs.
    keywords: sars; specific; tcrs
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        item: #3036 of 5187
          id: cord-312476-20ifwznd
      author: Kline, Jeffrey A.
       title: Crash Course in Decision Making
        date: 2008-01-08
       words: 1090
      flesch: 54
     summary: The incubation period is about one week, and for the first few days of illness, SARS patients manifest no particular clinical features that distinguish them from patients with any other less-lethal influenza-like illness (ILI). The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) have issued specific recommendations for the diagnosis and evaluation of patients with suspected SARS.
    keywords: emergency; patient; sars
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        item: #3037 of 5187
          id: cord-312477-2y88gzji
      author: Mlcochova, P.
       title: Combined point of care nucleic acid and antibody testing for SARS-CoV-2: a prospective cohort study in suspected moderate to severe COVID-19 disease.
        date: 2020-06-18
       words: 4922
      flesch: 46
     summary: Rapid combined tests have the potential to transform our management of COVID-19, including inflammatory manifestations where nucleic acid test results are negative. Rapid combined tests have the potential to transform our management of COVID-19, including inflammatory manifestations where nucleic acid test results are negative.
    keywords: acid; antibody; cov-2; covid-19; igg; license; medrxiv; preprint; sars; test
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        item: #3038 of 5187
          id: cord-312486-rumqopg0
      author: Jacob, Chaim Oscar
       title: On the genetics and immunopathogenesis of COVID-19
        date: 2020-09-10
       words: 11535
      flesch: 38
     summary: -1 beta in macrophages Influence of glutamine on cytokine production by human gut in vitro Genome-wide association study of spontaneous resolution of hepatitis C virus infection: data from multiple cohorts A whole-genome association study of major determinants for host control of HIV-1 IFN-I response timing relative to virus replication determines MERS coronavirus infection outcomes LY6E impairs coronavirus fusion and confers immune control of viral disease Distinct patterns of IFITM-mediated restriction of filoviruses, SARS coronavirus, and influenza A virus SARS-CoV-2 ORF3b is a potent interferon antagonist whose activity is further increased by a naturally occurring elongation variant Impaired type I interferon activity and inflammatory responses in severe COVID-19 patients Imbalanced host response to SARS-CoV-2 drives development of COVID-19 Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus viroporin 3a activates the NLRP3 inflammasome Virus-host interactome and proteomic survey of PBMCs from COVID-19 patients reveal potential virulence factors influencing SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis Immunology of COVID-19: current state of the science Clinical progression and viral load in a community outbreak of coronavirus-associated SARS pneumonia: a prospective study Temporal relationship of viral load, ribavirin, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and clinical progression in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Presenting characteristics, comorbidities, and outcomes among 5700 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in the New York City area Host and environmental factors influencing individual human cytokine responses COVID-19: consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression A single-cell atlas of the peripheral immune response in patients with severe COVID-19 Inhibition of natural killer cell cytotoxicity by interleukin-6: implications for the pathogenesis of macrophage activation syndrome Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio predicts critical illness patients with 2019 coronavirus disease in the early stage Dysregulation of immune response in patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China Heightened innate immune responses in the respiratory tract of COVID-19 patients Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Transcriptomic characteristics of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and peripheral blood mononuclear cells in COVID-19 patients Dysregulated type I interferon and inflammatory monocyte-macrophage responses cause lethal pneumonia in SARS-CoV-infected mice Complement evasion strategies of viruses: an overview The Complement System in COVID-19: Friend and Foe? Complement activation contributes to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus pathogenesis Highly pathogenic coronavirus N protein aggravates lung injury by MASP-2-mediated complement over-activation. Functional exhaustion of antiviral lymphocytes in COVID-19 patients Clinical and immunological features of severe and moderate coronavirus disease 2019 Complex immune dysregulation in COVID-19 patients with severe respiratory failure Impaired immune cell cytotoxicity in severe COVID-19 is IL-6 dependent Coronaviruses and immunosuppressed patients: the facts during the third epidemic Uneventful course in patients with inflammatory bowel disease during the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Outbreak in Northern Italy Single-cell landscape of bronchoalveolar immune cells in patients with COVID-19 The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) directly decimates human spleens and lymph nodes Deep immune profiling of COVID-19 patients reveals distinct immunotypes with therapeutic implication Longitudinal analyses reveal immunological misfiring in severe COVID-19 Mouse model of SARS-CoV-2 reveals inflammatory role of type I Interferon signaling Persistence of memory in times of COVID-19 Targets of T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus in humans with COVID-19 disease and unexposed individuals SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell immunity in cases of COVID-19 and SARS, and uninfected controls No one is naïve: the significance of heterologous T-cell immunity Heterologous immunity between viruses Heterologous T cell immunity in severe hepatitis C virus infection Immune cell profiling of COVID-19 patients in the recovery stage by single-cell sequencing Neutralizing Antibody Responses to SARS-CoV-2 in a COVID-19 recovered patient cohort and their implications Convergent antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in convalescent individuals Clinical and immunological assessment of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in patients of novel coronavirus disease 2019 SARS-CoV-2 proteome microarray for global profiling of COVID-19 specific IgG and IgM responses Viral kinetics and antibody responses in patients with COVID-19.
    keywords: ace2; activation; cells; children; complement; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; cytokine; disease; expression; host; human; infection; patients; response; risk; sars; syndrome; system; virus
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        item: #3039 of 5187
          id: cord-312488-uzhj4i1q
      author: Petrosillo, Nicola
       title: SARS-CoV-2, “common cold” coronaviruses’ cross-reactivity and “herd immunity”: The razor of Ockham (1285-1347)?
        date: 2020-05-29
       words: 1036
      flesch: 45
     summary: What is clear, is the progressive decrease in the incidence of new COVID-19 cases after the implementation of lockdown strategies in different countries, especially in Europe. Furthermore, currently most of admitted COVID-19 cases appear paucisymptomatic or mild to moderate infections, and the number of COVID-19 patients in intensive care is stably decreasing.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; sars
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        item: #3040 of 5187
          id: cord-312509-m3p9fuq0
      author: Tohidinia, Maryam
       title: Identification B and T-Cell epitopes and functional exposed amino acids of S protein as a potential vaccine candidate against SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-21
       words: 2730
      flesch: 40
     summary: Parameters such as hydrophilicity, flexibility, accessibility, turns, exposed surface, polarity and the antigenic 157 propensity of polypeptides chains have been related to the location of B cell epitopes. So, this information about 158 parameters has led to would allow the position of B cell epitopes to be predicted from certain features of the 159 protein sequence.
    keywords: cell; coronavirus; epitopes; protein; sars; spike; vaccine
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        item: #3041 of 5187
          id: cord-312524-ee5xw1r8
      author: Moustafa, Ahmed M.
       title: Rapid whole genome sequence typing reveals multiple waves of SARS-CoV-2 spread
        date: 2020-06-08
       words: 2060
      flesch: 51
     summary: Going forward whole genome sequences will be useful for identifying emerging 50 clones or hotspots of reemergence. Our tool (GNUVID) allows for 185 fast sequence typing and clustering of whole genome sequences in a rapidly changing 186 pandemic.
    keywords: ccs; figure; genome; sars; sequence
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        item: #3042 of 5187
          id: cord-312533-4u3bmb0e
      author: Shen, Li Wen
       title: TMPRSS2: A potential target for treatment of influenza virus and coronavirus infections
        date: 2017-08-01
       words: 4788
      flesch: 31
     summary: influenza A virus hemagglutinin affects host-specific virus infection Composition and functions of the influenza fusion peptide Host cell proteases: critical determinants of coronavirus tropism and pathogenesis Mechanisms of coronavirus cell entry mediated by the viral spike protein A structural view of coronavirusereceptor interactions DESC1 and MSPL activate influenza A viruses and emerging coronaviruses for host cell entry Cleavage of influenza virus hemagglutinin by airway proteases TMPRSS2 and HAT differs in subcellular localization and susceptibility to protease inhibitors Proteolytic activation of the 1918 influenza virus hemagglutinin Inhibitors of cathepsin L prevent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus entry Proteolytic activation of the SARS-coronavirus spike protein: cutting enzymes at the cutting edge of antiviral research Cleavage of spike protein of SARS coronavirus by protease factor Xa is associated with viral infectivity Protease inhibitors targeting coronavirus and filovirus entry Simultaneous treatment of human bronchial epithelial cells with serine and cysteine protease inhibitors prevents severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus entry A transmembrane serine protease is linked to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus receptor and activates virus entry Evidence that TMPRSS2 activates the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein for membrane fusion and reduces viral control by the humoral immune response Distinct patterns of IFITM-mediated restriction of filoviruses, SARS coronavirus, and influenza A virus Human coronaviruses: a review of virusehost interactions TMPRSS2 and ADAM17 cleave ACE2 differentially and only proteolysis by TMPRSS2 augments entry driven by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein Role of the spike glycoprotein of human Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in virus entry and syncytia formation Host cell entry of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus after two-step, furin-mediated activation of the spike protein The spike protein of the emerging betacoronavirus EMC uses a novel coronavirus receptor for entry, can be activated by TMPRSS2, and is targeted by neutralizing antibodies Receptor variation and susceptibility to Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Influenza and SARS-coronavirus activating proteases TMPRSS2 and HAT are expressed at multiple sites in human respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts Functional analysis of a missense mutation in the serine protease inhibitor SPINT2 associated with congenital sodium diarrhea Aprotinin aerosol treatment of influenza and paramyxovirus bronchopneumonia of mice Aprotinin and similar protease inhibitors as drugs against influenza The serine protease inhibitor camostat inhibits influenza virus replication and cytokine production in primary cultures of human tracheal epithelial cells Retinoids in liver fibrosis and cancer Antiproteases in the treatment of chronic pancreatitis Proteolytic activation of the epithelial sodium channel and therapeutic application of a serine protease inhibitor for the treatment of salt-sensitive hypertension The serine protease inhibitor camostat mesilate attenuates the progression of chronic kidney disease through its antioxidant effects Evaluation of anti-influenza effects of camostat in mice infected with non-adapted human influenza viruses Inhibition of lung serine proteases in mice: a potentially new approach to control influenza infection Identification of nafamostat as a potent inhibitor of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus S protein-mediated membrane fusion using the split-protein-based cell-cell fusion assay MDCK cells that express proteases TMPRSS2 and HAT provide a cell system to propagate influenza viruses in the absence of trypsin and to study cleavage of HA and its inhibition Different host cell proteases activate the SARS-coronavirus spike-protein for cellecell and virusecell fusion Identification of the first synthetic inhibitors of the type II transmembrane serine protease TMPRSS2 suitable for inhibition of influenza virus activation A serpin shapes the extracellular environment to prevent influenza A virus maturation Inhibition of influenza virus infection and hemagglutinin cleavage by the protease inhibitor HAI-2 In animal models, infection of wild-type mice with H7N9 influenza virus (A/Anhui/1/13) and H1N1 influenza virus (A/ PR/8/34) led to severe disease with mortality rates of 100% and 20%, respectively; whereas in TMPRSS2-deficient mice, these viruses were a pathogenic [20] .
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; cov; h1n1; infection; influenza; mers; protease; sars; serine; tmprss2; virus
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        item: #3043 of 5187
          id: cord-312559-ygh507x2
      author: Fiesco-Sepulveda, K. Y.
       title: Contributions of Latin American researchers in the understanding the novel coronavirus outbreak: A literature review
        date: 2020-05-22
       words: 1892
      flesch: 44
     summary: 25.4%, 24.0%, and 12.6% of these national affiliations were from China, Europe, and the USA, respectively, making these regions leaders in COVID-19 research. Preparación y control de la enfermedad 772 por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) en América Latina Clinical trials on drug repositioning for COVID-19 treatment Will plant-made biopharmaceuticals play a role in the fight against 778 COVID-19?
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; license; manuscript; preprint; sars
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        item: #3044 of 5187
          id: cord-312560-onfabcfv
      author: Klingler, J.
       title: Role of IgM and IgA Antibodies to the Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-08-21
       words: 5884
      flesch: 48
     summary: Summary of relative Ig isotype levels and neutralization titers. Using a pseudovirus assay 45 , we also measured neutralizing activities in plasma and serum samples and in Ig isotype fractions to determine the neutralizing capacity of IgM, IgA, and IgG.
    keywords: abs; iga; igg; igm; levels; license; medrxiv; neutralization; preprint; rbd; spike
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        item: #3045 of 5187
          id: cord-312561-9o2fhi6e
      author: Hung, I.F.N.
       title: Viral Loads in Clinical Specimens and SARS Manifestations
        date: 2004-09-17
       words: 3329
      flesch: 44
     summary: Serum viral load (n = 53) was associated with oxygen desaturation, mechanical ventilation, and death. Serum viral load correlates with oxygen desaturation, mechanical ventilation, and death.
    keywords: day; death; load; npa; patients; sars; serum
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        item: #3046 of 5187
          id: cord-312619-7jpf81yz
      author: Ilyas, Sadia
       title: Disinfection technology and strategies for COVID-19 hospital and bio-medical waste management
        date: 2020-08-12
       words: 5991
      flesch: 38
     summary: The awareness among the people can be a panacea for safer handling of COVID-waste, hence, the government, local bodies, waste treatment facilities must drive the awareness program using different media to directly reach out to the people. Notably, no books were found to exist until the search date (May 6, 2020) on COVID-19 waste; whereas, the reports and data published in webpages were found informative to shape this review article.
    keywords: collection; covid; covid-19; disinfection; disposal; guidelines; management; quarantine; sars; treatment; waste
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        item: #3047 of 5187
          id: cord-312632-g4250q6l
      author: Cai, Xiaofang
       title: Clinical Characteristics of 5 COVID-19 Cases With Non-respiratory Symptoms as the First Manifestation in Children
        date: 2020-05-12
       words: 4658
      flesch: 44
     summary: Although the patient had no fever or cough, because of a suspicion of contact history with COVID-19 patients (both parents and grandparents were suspected of having COVID-19), a chest CT scan was performed and showed bilateral lung pneumonia with local consolidation (Figures 5A,B) . Wang et al. reported that 10.1% of adult COVID-19 patients initially presented with diarrhea and nausea 1 to 2 days before the development of fever and dyspnea (10) .
    keywords: cases; children; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; emergency; patients; sars; symptoms
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        item: #3048 of 5187
          id: cord-312633-cks6aij2
      author: Cotten, Matthew
       title: Full-Genome Deep Sequencing and Phylogenetic Analysis of Novel Human Betacoronavirus
        date: 2013-05-17
       words: 4073
      flesch: 44
     summary: The resulting Illumina read sets were processed to remove adaptor and primer sequences and quality controlled to ensure a median read Phred quality score of 30 by using QUASR (8) . Because more CoV strains are available in GenBank for partial genomic sequences, we performed extensive BLAST searches (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/blast) and identified several additional European bat CoV sequences sharing higher nucleotide sequence similarity (82.0%-87.7%) with the novel human betaCoVs.
    keywords: bat; cov; emc/2012; england; genome; human; novel; qatar/2012; sequence; sequencing; virus
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        item: #3049 of 5187
          id: cord-312646-hfv7ce3f
      author: Pfützner, Andreas
       title: Comment to Döhla et al., Rapid point-of-care testing for SARS-CoV- 2 in a community screening setting shows low sensitivity
        date: 2020-06-02
       words: 486
      flesch: 44
     summary: In any case our conclusion with respect to antibody testing is that the antibody detection offers vital clinical information during the course of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, and community testing will be warranted and necessary in the near-term future to reinstall normal life in our communities. patients who have developed antibodies and may now be asymptomatic virus spreaders (positive IgG result).
    keywords: antibody; test
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        item: #3050 of 5187
          id: cord-312652-zhccmfgw
      author: Hu, Xiumei
       title: Impact of Heat-Inactivation on the detection of SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG Antibody by ELISA
        date: 2020-06-20
       words: 3004
      flesch: 43
     summary: There was one sample changed from negative to positive after heating in IgM detection. Furthermore, ELISA has a high sensitivity of IgM detection, which is beneficial to early diagnosis of COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: antibodies; detection; igg; igm; rate; sars; sera
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        item: #3051 of 5187
          id: cord-312663-hhd5f823
      author: Fiorino, Gionata
       title: Inflammatory Bowel Disease Care in the COVID-19 Pandemic Era: The Humanitas, Milan, Experience
        date: 2020-03-24
       words: 2206
      flesch: 49
     summary: Specific web pages are available to give patients updated information on COVID-19 for IBD patients. We aim to give a viewpoint on how operationally to manage IBD patients and ensure quality of care in the current pandemic era.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov2; covid-19; ibd; patients; sars
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        item: #3052 of 5187
          id: cord-312664-tgpaidhp
      author: Liang, Julia
       title: Interaction of the prototypical α-ketoamide inhibitor with the SARS-CoV-2 main protease active site in silico: Molecular dynamic simulations highlight the stability of the ligand-protein complex
        date: 2020-05-28
       words: 3054
      flesch: 42
     summary: The Lancet Infectious Diseases SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor Structure, Function, and Antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein Regulation of alveolar epithelial cell survival by the ACE-2/angiotensin 1-7/Mas axis SARS-CoV replicates in primary human alveolar type II cell cultures but not in type I-like cells High expression of ACE2 receptor of 2019-nCoV on the epithelial cells of oral mucosa From SARS to MERS: crystallographic studies on coronaviral proteases enable antiviral drug design Learning from the Past: Possible Urgent Prevention and Treatment Options for Severe Acute Respiratory Infections Caused by 2019-nCoV Structures of two coronavirus main proteases: implications for substrate binding and antiviral drug design Structure of Mpro from COVID-19 virus and discovery of its inhibitors Coronavirus main proteinase (3CLpro) structure: basis for design of anti-SARS drugs Ketoamides as Broad-Spectrum Inhibitors of Coronavirus and Enterovirus Replication: Structure-Based Design, Synthesis, and Activity Assessment Crystal structure of SARS-CoV-2 main protease provides a basis for design of improved alpha-ketoamide inhibitors Protein interfaces, surfaces and assemblies service PISA at European Bioinformatics Institute Identifying and characterizing binding sites and assessing druggability Protein and ligand preparation: parameters, protocols, and influence on virtual screening enrichments Importance of accurate charges in molecular docking: Here, we performed molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations to further characterize the interaction of α-ketoamide 13b with the active site of the SARS-CoV-2 M(pro).
    keywords: 13b; binding; coronavirus; cov-2; energy; ketoamide; protease; sars; site
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        item: #3053 of 5187
          id: cord-312670-hi3fjne4
      author: Corman, V. M.
       title: Coronaviren als Ursache respiratorischer Infektionen
        date: 2019-08-27
       words: 2308
      flesch: 41
     summary: Bei komplizierten Verläufen und schweren Infektionen des Respirationstrakts ist eine Testung auf CoV mittels Echtzeit-Reverse-Transkriptase-Polymerase-Kettenreaktion (RT-PCR) möglich und sinnvoll. Neben dem regelhaften Nachweis von CoV
    keywords: auch; auf; bei; coronavirus; cov; den; der; die; eine; hcov; infektionen; ist; mers; mit; sars; sind; syndrome; und
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        item: #3054 of 5187
          id: cord-312677-rwznqiib
      author: Razmi, Mahdieh
       title: Immunomodulatory-Based Therapy as a Potential Promising Treatment Strategy against Severe COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review
        date: 2020-08-29
       words: 6565
      flesch: 33
     summary: A single center experience Tocilizumab treatment in severe COVID-19 patients attenuates the inflammatory storm incited by monocyte centric immune interactions revealed by single-cell analysis Favorable changes of CT findings in a patient with COVID-19 pneumonia after treatment with tocilizumab Off-label use of tocilizumab in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection Pilot prospective open, single-arm multicentre study on off-label use of tocilizumab in severe patients with COVID-19 Tocilizumab therapy reduced intensive care unit admissions and/or mortality in COVID-19 patients Interleukin-6 blockade for severe COVID-19 Tocilizumab for the treatment of severe coronavirus disease 2019 Use of Tocilizumab for COVID-19-Induced Cytokine Release Syndrome: A Cautionary Case Report Acute hypertriglyceridemia in patients with COVID-19 receiving tocilizumab Tocilizumab for cytokine storm syndrome in COVID-19 pneumonia: an increased risk for candidemia? Use of siltuximab in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia requiring ventilatory support, medRxiv preprint Use of anakinra in severe COVID-19: a case report Targeting the inflammatory cascade with anakinra in moderate to severe COVID-19 pneumonia: case series Interleukin-1 blockade with high-dose anakinra in patients with COVID-19, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and hyperinflammation: a retrospective cohort study Clinical remission of a critically ill COVID-19 patient treated by human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells Treatment of Severe COVID-19 with human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Intravenous infusion of human umbilical cord Wharton's jellyderived mesenchymal stem cells as a potential treatment for patients with COVID-19 pneumonia Anti-SARS-CoV-2 virus antibody levels in convalescent plasma of six donors who have recovered from COVID-19 Effectiveness of convalescent plasma therapy in severe COVID-19 patients Treatment of 5 Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19 With Convalescent Plasma Treatment With Convalescent Plasma for Critically Ill Patients With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection Treatment with convalescent plasma for COVID-19 patients in Wuhan, China Use of Convalescent Plasma Therapy in Two COVID-19 Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Korea High-Dose Intravenous Immunoglobulin as a Therapeutic Option for Deteriorating Patients With Coronavirus Disease Recovery of severely ill COVID-19 patients by intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) treatment: A case series Effect of regular intravenous immunoglobulin therapy on prognosis of severe pneumonia in patients with COVID-19 Clinical Efficacy of Intravenous Immunoglobulin Therapy in Critical Patients with COVID-19: WHO, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Situation Report -92 Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as a SARS-CoV-2 receptor: molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic target Characteristics of and Public Health Responses to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreak in China Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Control of COVID-19 Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study First known person-to-person transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in the USA Quantifying SARS-CoV-2 transmission suggests epidemic control with digital contact tracing The correlation between viral clearance and biochemical outcomes of 94 COVID-19 infected discharged patients Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in COVID-19: immunopathology and its implications for therapy Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study COVID-19, immune system response, hyperinflammation and repurposing antirheumatic drugs Influence factors of death risk among COVID-19 patients in Wuhan, China: a hospital-based case-cohort study Longitudinal characteristics of lymphocyte responses and cytokine profiles in the peripheral blood of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Clinical predictors of mortality due to COVID-19 based on an analysis of data of 150 patients from Wuhan, China Effective treatment of severe COVID-19 patients with tocilizumab COVID-19 infection: the perspectives on immune responses Complex Immune Dysregulation in COVID-19 Patients with Severe Respiratory Failure Clinical features and treatment of COVID-19 patients in northeast Chongqing Transplantation of ACE2(-)
    keywords: case; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; covid-19 patients; cytokine; disease; patients; sars; studies; study; therapy; treatment
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        item: #3055 of 5187
          id: cord-312684-3i2r2ahr
      author: Iba, Toshiaki
       title: Coagulopathy in COVID‐19
        date: 2020-06-18
       words: 3637
      flesch: 35
     summary: [11] reported the reduced antithrombin activities in COVID-19 patients compared to healthy control (85% vs. 99%; p < 0.001), the activity was maintained above 80%. It is not known whether similar criteria are appropriate for COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: coagulation; coagulopathy; coronavirus; covid-19; infection; patients; sars; syndrome
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        item: #3056 of 5187
          id: cord-312697-ffxcze6c
      author: Dübel, Stefan
       title: Rekombinante, vollständig humane Antikörper zur Behandlung akuter COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-26
       words: 1023
      flesch: 33
     summary: Auf Basis dieser Erfahrungen begannen wir im Februar dieses Jahres in Braunschweig an der TU und parallel an deren Ausgründung YUMAB GmbH mit Arbeiten zu dem Ziel, vollständig menschliche Antikörper zu entwickeln, welche die SARS-CoV-2-Infektion verhindern können. Solche multiklonalen Gemische monoklonaler rekombinanter Antikörper werden auch bereits bei anderen Infektionen klinisch getestet, z. B. gegen Staphylococcus aureus (www. symphogen.com/pipeline).
    keywords: antikörper; auch; auf; bereits; cov-2; der; die; gegen; sars; und; werden
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        item: #3057 of 5187
          id: cord-312702-fruzsn26
      author: Finch, Courtney L.
       title: Characteristic and quantifiable COVID-19-like abnormalities in CT- and PET/CT-imaged lungs of SARS-CoV-2-infected crab-eating macaques (Macaca fascicularis)
        date: 2020-05-14
       words: 2796
      flesch: 24
     summary: Based on the rather limited X-97 ray findings in the lungs of reported NHP models of SARS-CoV-2 infection with either 98 mild or no clinical signs (11, 25, 27-29), we turned to high-resolution chest CT and 99 PET/CT to characterize lung abnormalities in infected NHPs toward longitudinal 100 quantitative comparison. 161 CT images can be used for quantification of lung abnormalities using measures of 162 volume or radiodensity, i.e., total lung volume (LV); average radiodensity in the total 163 lung volume (LD); hyperdense volume (HV), a volume of lung in which radiodensity 164 (Hounsfield units, HU) is above a pre-defined threshold; and average radiodensity in the 165 hyperdense volume (hyperdensity, HD).
    keywords: abnormalities; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; lung; macaques; sars
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        item: #3058 of 5187
          id: cord-312708-9ywu6r2t
      author: Sharma, Dhruv
       title: Cadaveric Simulation of Otologic Procedures: An Analysis of Droplet Splatter Patterns During the COVID-19 Pandemic
        date: 2020-05-19
       words: 2230
      flesch: 42
     summary: With the persistence of SARS-CoV-2 in the general population for the foreseeable future, we will need to navigate these risks as we resume elective surgical procedures and perform urgent operations on patients whose SARS-CoV-2 status is unknown or positive. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) situation report-100 Bloodcontaining aerosols generated by surgical techniques: a possible infectious hazard A simple technique for droplet control during mastoid surgery Competing interests: None. Funding source: None.
    keywords: contamination; droplet; mastoidectomy; procedures; splatter
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        item: #3059 of 5187
          id: cord-312722-talu4geh
      author: Ahmed, Nausheen
       title: COVID-19 presenting as a viral exanthem and detected during admission prescreening in a hematopoietic cell transplant recipient
        date: 2020-06-13
       words: 1181
      flesch: 43
     summary: 9, 10 This atypical presentation of Covid-19 poses a diagnostic challenge in post-HCT patients due to potential misdiagnosis as GVHD. Cancer patients in SARS-CoV-2 infection: a nationwide analysis in China Managing Cancer Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Agility and Collaboration Toward a Common Goal Facing COVID-19 in the hematopoietic cell transplant setting: A new challenge for transplantation physicians COVID-19 Updates COVID-19 Reported Data ASTCT Interim Guidelines for Covid-19 Management in Hematopoietic Cell Transplant and Cellular Therapy Patients Version 1 Covid-19 and Kidney Transplantation European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation -EBMT Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China
    keywords: covid-19; patients; sars; transplant
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        item: #3060 of 5187
          id: cord-312730-4ejjmab4
      author: Wong, Rebecca S. Y.
       title: The SARS-CoV-2 Outbreak: an Epidemiological and Clinical Perspective
        date: 2020-09-29
       words: 6486
      flesch: 47
     summary: [43] whereas another study reported that HIV was associated with a doubling of mortality risk in COVID-19 patients medRxiv preprint 2020 Effects of temperature and humidity on the daily new cases and new deaths of COVID-19 in 166 countries The novel coronavirus 2019 (2019-nCoV) uses the SARS-coronavirus receptor ACE2 and the cellular protease TMPRSS2 for entry into target cells Pathogenesis of COVID-19 from a cell biology perspective Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72 314 cases from the Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention SARS-Cov-2 infection: response of human immune system and possible implications for the rapid test and treatment Dysregulation of immune response in patients with coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China Extrapulmonary and atypical clinical presentations of COVID-19 Extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19: radiologic and clinical overview Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with digestive symptoms in Hubei, China: a descriptive, cross-sectional, multicentre study Classification of the cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19: a rapid prospective nationwide consensus study in Spain with 375 cases Cardiovascular disease and COVID-19 Epidemiological characteristics of 2143 paediatric patients with 2019 coronavirus disease in China Toxic shock-like syndrome and COVID-19: a case report of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) Kawasaki-like multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children during the covid-19 pandemic Clinical analysis of ten pregnant women with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective study Clinical presentation and outcomes of pregnant women with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis Clinical features and outcomes of HIV patients with coronavirus disease 2019 HIV and risk of COVID-19 death: a population cohort study from the Western Cape Province, South Africa.
    keywords: cases; china; cov-2; covid-19; days; disease; patients; sars; study; transmission
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        item: #3061 of 5187
          id: cord-312736-bm6t2bxz
      author: Bach, Paxton
       title: Innovative strategies to support physical distancing among individuals with active addiction
        date: 2020-05-27
       words: 999
      flesch: 36
     summary: This harmreduction measure includes providing unwitnessed doses of morphine, hydromorphone, dexamfetamine, methylphenidate, or a combination of these, to people whose current treatments (ie, methadone, buprenorphine plus naloxone) have not led to a sustained remission from drug use. 1 Populations at particular risk include many of the most vulnerable sectors of society: incarcerated people, those residing in long-term care, minorities, and people with substance use disorders.
    keywords: health; people; substance; use
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        item: #3062 of 5187
          id: cord-312740-2ro2p77q
      author: Babadaei, Mohammad Mahdi Nejadi
       title: Development of remdesivir repositioning as a nucleotide analog against COVID-19 RNA dependent RNA polymerase
        date: 2020-05-20
       words: 3826
      flesch: 36
     summary: Also, it was shown that the type of CoV, concentration of antiviral drug, type of anti-viral drug, and incubation time can play an important role on the inhibition of virus infection ( Figure 2B Figure 4) . There is no therapeutic FDA-approved drug against SARS-CoV-2 infection, although a combination of anti-viral drugs is directly being practiced in some countries.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov; cov-2; covid-19; et al; mers; rdv; sars; virus
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        item: #3063 of 5187
          id: cord-312741-0au4nctt
      author: Lin, Panpan
       title: Coronavirus in human diseases: Mechanisms and advances in clinical treatment
        date: 2020-10-01
       words: 14692
      flesch: 30
     summary: The 9-kDa hydrophobic protein encoded at the 3' end of the porcine transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus genome is membrane-associated Mouse hepatitis virus gene 5b protein is a new virion envelope protein Infectious bronchitis virus E protein is targeted to the Golgi complex and directs release of virus-like particles A comprehensive comparison of transmembrane domains reveals organelle-specific properties Subcellular location and topology of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus envelope protein Induction of apoptosis in murine coronavirus-infected cultured cells and demonstration of E protein as an apoptosis inducer Assembly of the coronavirus envelope: homotypic interactions between the M proteins SARS coronavirus E protein forms cation-selective ion channels Differential maturation and subcellular localization of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus surface proteins S, M and E Bcl-xL inhibits T-cell apoptosis induced by expression of SARS coronavirus E protein in the absence of growth factors The transmembrane domain of the infectious bronchitis virus E protein is required for efficient virus release Biochemical evidence for the presence of mixed membrane topologies of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus envelope protein expressed in mammalian cells Role of the coronavirus E viroporin protein transmembrane domain in virus assembly Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus envelope protein regulates cell stress response and apoptosis Heterologous gene expression from transmissible gastroenteritis virus replicon particles Generation of a replication-competent, propagation-deficient virus vector based on the transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus genome The small envelope protein E is not essential for murine coronavirus replication A severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus that lacks the E gene is attenuated in vitro and in vivo Absence of E protein arrests transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus maturation in the secretory pathway Characterization of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus membrane protein Sequence and topology of a model intracellular membrane protein, E1 glycoprotein, from a coronavirus Genetic evidence for a structural interaction between the carboxy termini of the membrane and nucleocapsid proteins of mouse hepatitis virus The molecular biology of coronaviruses A structural analysis of M protein in coronavirus assembly and morphology Envelope glycoprotein interactions in coronavirus assembly Efficient assembly and release of SARS coronavirus-like particles by a heterologous expression system Coronaviruses: an overview of their replication and pathogenesis Nucleocapsidindependent assembly of coronavirus-like particles by co-expression of viral envelope protein genes Coronavirus pseudoparticles formed with recombinant M and E proteins induce alpha interferon synthesis by leukocytes The cytoplasmic tails of infectious bronchitis virus E and M proteins mediate their interaction The missing link in coronavirus assembly. syndrome coronavirus nucleocapsid protein modulates its multimerization, translation inhibitory activity and cellular localization Identification of in vivointeracting domains of the murine coronavirus nucleocapsid protein Glycogen synthase kinase-3 regulates the phosphorylation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus nucleocapsid protein and viral replication Oligomerization of the carboxyl terminal domain of the human coronavirus 229E nucleocapsid protein Solution structure of the c-terminal dimerization domain of SARS coronavirus nucleocapsid protein solved by the SAIL-NMR method High affinity interaction between nucleocapsid protein and leader/intergenic sequence of mouse hepatitis virus RNA The nucleocapsid protein of SARS coronavirus has a high binding affinity to the human cellular heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 Theoretical aspects of virus capsid assembly Analysis of multimerization of the SARS coronavirus nucleocapsid protein Mass spectroscopic characterization of the coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus nucleoprotein and elucidation of the role of phosphorylation in RNA binding by using surface plasmon resonance Mapping of the coronavirus membrane protein domains involved in interaction with the spike protein Envelope protein palmitoylations are crucial for murine coronavirus assembly The hydrophobic domain of infectious bronchitis virus E protein alters the host secretory pathway and is important for release of infectious virus The coronavirus E protein: assembly and beyond Mouse hepatitis virus replicase proteins associate with two distinct populations of intracellular membranes The intracellular sites of early replication and budding of SARS-coronavirus Cryo-electron microscopy structure of a coronavirus spike glycoprotein trimer Glycan shield and epitope masking of a coronavirus spike protein observed by cryoelectron microscopy Cryo-electron microscopy structures of the SARS-CoV spike glycoprotein reveal a prerequisite conformational state for receptor binding Immunogenicity and structures of a rationally designed prefusion MERS-CoV spike antigen Cryo-EM structures of MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV spike glycoproteins reveal the dynamic receptor binding domains A human homolog of angiotensin-converting enzyme.
    keywords: binding; cells; coronavirus; cov; covid-19; covs; domain; east; entry; fusion; host; human; infection; inhibitors; membrane; mers; middle; novel; patients; protein; receptor; replication; rna; sars; sars coronavirus; spike; syndrome; syndrome coronavirus; treatment
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        item: #3064 of 5187
          id: cord-312743-9e4yufo5
      author: Breiman, Adrien
       title: Harnessing the natural anti-glycan immune response to limit the transmission of enveloped viruses such as SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-05-21
       words: 1391
      flesch: 31
     summary: Nonetheless, owing to the presence of individuals with low anti-αGal titers, occasional cross-species transmission may occur. Using a cellular experimental model, our group showed that the interaction between SARS-CoV S protein and ACE2 could be specifically blocked in a dose-dependent manner by anti-A blood group antibodies when the S protein was synthesized by cells that expressed the A histo-blood group antigen following transfection by the appropriate glycosyltransferases cDNA
    keywords: anti; blood; group; sars
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        item: #3065 of 5187
          id: cord-312849-vgzvpwz9
      author: Eckbo, Eric J.
       title: Evaluation of the BioFire® COVID-19 Test and Respiratory Panel 2.1 for Rapid Identification of SARS-CoV-2 in Nasopharyngeal Swab Samples
        date: 2020-11-10
       words: 1424
      flesch: 37
     summary: The COVID-19 Test was developed with funding from the U.S. Department of Defense, and detects three targets within the open reading frame (ORF) region of the viral genome (5) . The guidelines highlight the fact that a knowledge gap currently exists regarding the use of rapid tests (defined as turnaround time ≤ 1 hour) versus standard RNA tests in terms of performance characteristics, and therefore makes no recommendations for or against them.
    keywords: assays; biofire; covid-19; test
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        item: #3066 of 5187
          id: cord-312884-anlp8lab
      author: Iyer, Gayatri R.
       title: Infectivity and Progression of COVID-19 Based on Selected Host Candidate Gene Variants
        date: 2020-09-04
       words: 6281
      flesch: 33
     summary: Maximum number of variants (n = 390) were identified in MUC5B gene and the least (n = 17) in ACE2 gene. In TMPRSS2 gene 81 variants were identified and the most common polymorphism identified was rs140530035 (18/103), followed by rs422471 (14/103) and rs464431 (10/103).
    keywords: ace2; covid-19; disease; et al; gene; ifitm3; individuals; infection; influenza; muc5b; polymorphisms; sars; study; tmprss2; variants
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        item: #3067 of 5187
          id: cord-312899-ot5pvtbl
      author: Chen, F
       title: In vitro susceptibility of 10 clinical isolates of SARS coronavirus to selected antiviral compounds
        date: 2004-09-30
       words: 3165
      flesch: 33
     summary: The well-known side effect of pancytopenia may also be confused with markers of SARS activity such as a decrease in platelets and occasionally neutrophils (Raanani and Ben-Bassat, 2002) . Interferon-beta-1a, leukocytic interferon-alpha, ribavirin, lopinavir, rimantadine, baicalin and glycyrrhizin showed antiviral activity.
    keywords: alpha; baicalin; cell; glycyrrhizin; interferon; ribavirin; sars
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        item: #3068 of 5187
          id: cord-312918-iof45k1r
      author: Ortolani, Claudio
       title: Hydroxychloroquine and dexamethasone in COVID-19: who won and who lost?
        date: 2020-09-09
       words: 4649
      flesch: 40
     summary: These three ‘Recovery’ RCTs concluded definitely: (a) that treatment with hydroxychloroquine provides no benefits in patients hospitalized with COVID-19; (b) that treatment with dexamethasone reduced deaths by one-third in COVID-19 patients that were mechanically ventilated, and by one-fifth in patients receiving oxygen only; (c) that the combination of Lopinavir and Ritonavir is not effective in reducing mortality in COVID-19 hospitalized patients. Given the importance of resolving this disparity of opinion, it was essential to carry out randomized and controlled studies on a large sample of COVID-19 patients evaluating the results in relation to the severity of the disease.
    keywords: clinical; cov-2; covid-19; dexamethasone; hydroxychloroquine; patients; results; sars; study; treatment
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        item: #3069 of 5187
          id: cord-312950-ggywr91e
      author: Fuller, Julie
       title: Surveillance for Febrile Respiratory Infections during Cobra Gold 2003
        date: 2006-05-17
       words: 1859
      flesch: 37
     summary: AFRIMS has conducted routine diarrhea surveillance during Cobra Gold for many years, and researchers were able to easily accommodate respiratory surveillance in this exercise. With coordination and logistic support from the Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences (AFRIMS) (a joint U.S. Army-Royal Thai Army research facility located in Bangkok since 1958), respiratory illness surveillance was initiated by NHRC.
    keywords: case; exercise; influenza; respiratory; sars; surveillance
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        item: #3070 of 5187
          id: cord-312955-gs65c3fy
      author: Schreiber, Gideon
       title: The Role of Type I Interferons in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of COVID-19
        date: 2020-09-30
       words: 8440
      flesch: 38
     summary: These data show that tight binding IFN-Is induce preferential anti-inflammatory responses, at least in this MS mouse model. Front Immunol DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.595739 sha: doc_id: 312955 cord_uid: gs65c3fy Type I interferons (IFN-I) were first discovered over 60 years ago in a classical experiment by Isaacs and Lindenman, who showed that IFN-Is possess antiviral activity.
    keywords: binding; cells; cov-2; covid-19; disease; ifn; ifnb; immune; interferon; patients; production; receptor; response; sars; treatment; type
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        item: #3071 of 5187
          id: cord-312971-r9sggqh8
      author: Mancino, Enrica
       title: A single centre study of viral community-acquired pneumonia in children: no evidence of SARS-CoV-2 from October 2019 to March 2020
        date: 2020-04-29
       words: 1309
      flesch: 39
     summary: We described viral aetiologies, with particular interest in detecting SARS-CoV-2, in hospitalized pneumonia children. Our aim was to describe viral aetiologies, with particular interest in detecting SARS-CoV-2, in hospitalized pneumonia children under 14 years of age.
    keywords: children; cov-2; pneumonia; sars
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        item: #3072 of 5187
          id: cord-312984-rzryn3on
      author: Pan, Daniel
       title: Serial simultaneously self-swabbed samples from multiple sites show similarly decreasing SARS-CoV-2 loads in COVID-19 cases of differing clinical severity
        date: 2020-09-19
       words: 951
      flesch: 43
     summary: However, this lower detection rate for conjunctival swabs (with or without overt conjunctivitis) is consistent with previous reports. [m5G Presymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections and transmission in a skilled nursing facility SARS-CoV-2 detection in different respiratory sites: a systematic review and meta-analysis Comparison of sputum and nasopharyngeal swabs for detection of respiratory viruses
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; sars
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        item: #3073 of 5187
          id: cord-312991-ypgrw78s
      author: Wang, Zhi-Gang
       title: Molecular evolution and multilocus sequence typing of 145 strains of SARS-CoV
        date: 2005-09-12
       words: 3750
      flesch: 57
     summary: By comparing the death rates of SARS patients in the different regions, it was found that the death rate caused by the viruses of the genotype C was lower than that of the genotype T. SARS-CoVs might originate from an unknown ancestor. Furthermore, in Guangdong, China, SARS patients were observed to suffer from 'mild clinical symptoms'
    keywords: coronavirus; cov; epidemic; genomes; genotype; group; loci; sars; sub
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        item: #3074 of 5187
          id: cord-312996-qzu8pkyt
      author: Iles, R. K.
       title: A clinical MALDI-ToF Mass spectrometry assay for SARS-CoV-2: Rational design and multi-disciplinary team work.
        date: 2020-08-22
       words: 6852
      flesch: 41
     summary: Viral envelope protein peak intensities were clearly elevated in the spiked samples ( Figure 5 ). Viral envelope proteins (VEPs) became more prevalent in live virus culture and Ig light chains and IgA heavy chain were additional peaks found in gargle/saliva samples.
    keywords: covid-19; envelope; gargle; levels; maldi; mass; pcr; preprint; proteins; saliva; samples; sars; spectrometry; tof; virus
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        item: #3075 of 5187
          id: cord-312997-wcqdksfg
      author: Favresse, Julien
       title: Clinical performance of the Elecsys electrochemiluminescent immunoassay for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 total antibodies
        date: 2020-06-02
       words: 652
      flesch: 34
     summary: key: cord-312997-wcqdksfg authors: Favresse, Julien; Eucher, Christine; Elsen, Marc; Marie, Tré-Hardy; Dogné, Jean-Michel; Douxfils, Jonathan title: Clinical performance of the Elecsys electrochemiluminescent immunoassay for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 total antibodies date: 2020-06-02 journal: Clin Chem DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/hvaa131 sha: doc_id: 312997 cord_uid: wcqdksfg nan In the context of COVID-19, a wide range of serology immunoassays with different SARS-CoV-2 antigen recognition and antibody specificity have been developed to complement RT-PCR assays [1] . J. Favresse, statistical analysis, administrative support, provision of study material or patients; C. Eucher, administrative support, provision of study material or patients; M. Elsen, administrative support, provision of study material or patients; J. Douxfils, statistical analysis.
    keywords: covid-19; cut; sars
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        item: #3076 of 5187
          id: cord-312999-3erodkv9
      author: Hassan, Sk. Sarif
       title: Notable sequence homology of the ORF10 protein introspects the architecture of SARS-COV-2
        date: 2020-09-06
       words: 3924
      flesch: 42
     summary: Furthermore, a physicochemical and structural comparative analysis was carried out on SARS-CoV-2 and Pangolin-CoV ORF10 proteins, which share 97.37% amino acid homology. The high degree of physicochemical and structural similarity of ORF10 proteins of SARS-CoV-2 and Pangolin-CoV open questions about the architecture of SARS-CoV-2 due to the disagreement of these two ORF10 proteins over their sub-structure (loop/coil region), solubility, antigenicity and change from the strand to coil at amino acid position 26, where tyrosine is present.
    keywords: amino; cov-2; disorder; mutations; orf10; pangolin; protein; sars; sequence
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        item: #3077 of 5187
          id: cord-313028-0nhgxoim
      author: Huang, Chaolin
       title: Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China
        date: 2020-01-24
       words: 4834
      flesch: 46
     summary: KDIGO clinical practice guideline for acute kidney injury CDC definitions for nosocomial infections Association between cardiac injury and mortality in hospitalized patients infected with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus Coronaviruses post-SARS: update on replication and pathogenesis A major outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Epidemiological, demographic, and clinical characteristics of 47 cases of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus disease from Saudi Arabia: a descriptive study Plasma inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in severe acute respiratory syndrome MERS-CoV infection in humans is associated with a pro-inflammatory Th1 and Th17 cytokine profile Expression of elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in SARS-CoV-infected ACE2+ cells in SARS patients: relation to the acute lung injury and pathogenesis of SARS Distinct immune response in two MERS-CoV-infected patients: can we go from bench to bedside? Treatment with interferon-α2b and ribavirin improves outcome in MERS-CoVinfected rhesus macaques SARS: systematic review of treatment effects Corticosteroids as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of influenza Corticosteroid therapy for critically ill patients with Middle East respiratory syndrome Clinical management of severe acute respiratory infection when novel coronavirus (nCoV) infection is suspected Role of lopinavir/ritonavir in the treatment of SARS: initial virological and clinical findings Treatment of Middle East respiratory syndrome with a combination of lopinavir-ritonavir and interferon-β1b (MIRACLE trial): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial Broad-spectrum antiviral GS-5734 inhibits both epidemic and zoonotic coronaviruses Comparative therapeutic efficacy of remdesivir and combination lopinavir, ritonavir, and interferon beta against MERS-CoV Origin and evolution of pathogenic coronaviruses Isolation and characterization of a bat SARS-like coronavirus that uses the ACE2 receptor Bats as animal reservoirs for the SARS coronavirus: hypothesis proved after 10 years of virus hunting We acknowledge all health-care workers involved in the diagnosis and treatment of patients in Wuhan; we thank the Chinese National Health Commission for coordinating data collection for patients with 2019-nCoV infection; we thank WHO and the International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infections Consortium (ISARIC) for sharing data collection templates publicly on the website; and we thank Prof Chen Wang and Prof George F Gao for guidance in study design and interpretation of results. Plasma levels of IL5, IL12p70, IL15, Eotaxin, and RANTES were similar between healthy adults and patients infected with 2019-nCoV. Further comparison between ICU and non-ICU patients showed that plasma concentrations of IL2, IL7, IL10, GCSF, IP10, MCP1, MIP1A, and TNFα were higher in ICU patients than non-ICU patients.
    keywords: acute; clinical; coronavirus; data; icu; infection; mers; ncov; novel; patients; respiratory; sars
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        item: #3078 of 5187
          id: cord-313058-nrrl4kjc
      author: Rivas, Magali Noval
       title: COVID-19 Associated Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C): a novel disease that mimics Toxic Shock Syndrome. The superantigen hypothesis
        date: 2020-10-16
       words: 1058
      flesch: 29
     summary: It 99 will be interesting to determine whether these neurotoxin-like sequences in the SARS-100 CoV-2 S protein contribute to the neurological manifestations observed in children with 101 Why only a small fraction of SARS-CoV-2 infected children develop MIS-C 103 remains unclear. Given the structural similarities between SEB and the SARS-114 J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f CoV-2 S protein SAg motif 5 , it is possible that antibodies within IVIG that neutralize 115 SEB cross-react with SARS-CoV-2 S, which may in part explain the beneficial response 116 of MIS-C cases to IVIG.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; sars
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        item: #3079 of 5187
          id: cord-313076-531wksez
      author: Rauch, J. N.
       title: CRISPR-based and RT-qPCR surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in asymptomatic individuals uncovers a shift in viral prevalence among a university population
        date: 2020-08-07
       words: 5583
      flesch: 47
     summary: Individuals who exhibited a fever (100.4°F), cough or shortness of breath in the two weeks prior to, or on the day of sample collection, were excluded from the study. All participants were asymptomatic for COVID-19 at the time of sample collection.
    keywords: asymptomatic; covid-19; fig; license; preprint; prevalence; qpcr; samples; sars; study; testing; university
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        item: #3080 of 5187
          id: cord-313082-n3bo9jw1
      author: Tenenbein, Paul
       title: The case for routine screening for SARS-CoV-2 before surgery
        date: 2020-06-03
       words: 3819
      flesch: 44
     summary: La plupart des interventions chirurgicales nécessitent une intubation/extubation et d'autres interventions médicales générant des aérosols, ce qui augmente le risque de transmission nosocomiale aux travailleurs de la santé qui prennent soin du patient pendant et après la chirurgie. suffisamment précis pour altérer la prise en charge du patient et les précautions de contrôle des infections.
    keywords: chirurgie; cov-2; covid-19; des; les; patients; que; sars; surgery; test; testing
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        item: #3081 of 5187
          id: cord-313084-l7odplqg
      author: Sampson, Victoria
       title: Could there be a link between oral hygiene and the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infections?
        date: 2020-06-26
       words: 3355
      flesch: 35
     summary: Lower respiratory infection is initiated by the contamination of the lower airway epithelium by inhalation of microorganisms encompassed in aerosolised droplets, or by aspiration of oral secretions associated with oral disease (containing microorganisms such as P. gingivalis, F. nucleatum, P. intermedia). This is supported by a country report covering Italy, showing that 96.5% of complications arising from COVID-19 infection were ARDS, followed by acute renal failure (29.2%).
    keywords: complications; covid-19; disease; infection; patients; pneumonia; risk
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        item: #3082 of 5187
          id: cord-313099-rpdlk1b6
      author: Han, Xiaoyu
       title: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 among Asymptomatic Workers Screened for Work Resumption, China
        date: 2020-09-17
       words: 1160
      flesch: 47
     summary: A s the population of Wuhan, China, returns to work, asymptomatic cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are being discovered among workers receiving health checkups for work resumption. Previous studies have shown that asymptomatic cases can be a public health threat and might lead to another outbreak (1, 2) .
    keywords: asymptomatic; cov-2; sars
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        item: #3083 of 5187
          id: cord-313117-0qur0isb
      author: Gardinassi, Luiz G.
       title: Immune and Metabolic Signatures of COVID-19 Revealed by Transcriptomics Data Reuse
        date: 2020-06-26
       words: 3566
      flesch: 25
     summary: Front Immunol Transcriptomic characteristics of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and peripheral blood mononuclear cells in COVID-19 patients A dynamic immune response shapes COVID-19 progression Imbalanced host response to SARS-CoV-2 drives development of COVID-19 Heightened innate immune responses in the respiratory tract of COVID-19 patients Gene set enrichment analysis: a knowledge-based approach for interpreting genome-wide expression profiles edgeR: a Bioconductor package for differential expression analysis of digital gene expression data Expanding the immunology toolbox: embracing public-data reuse and crowdsourcing Expression profile of immune response genes in patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Plasticity and virus specificity of the airway epithelial cell immune response during respiratory virus infection Gene expression patterns in blood leukocytes discriminate patients with acute infections Aberrant cell cycle and apoptotic changes characterise severe influenza To address such issues, recent studies have reported transcriptomic profiles of cells, tissues and fluids from COVID-19 patients that mainly demonstrated activation of humoral immunity, dysregulated type I and III interferon expression, intense innate immune responses and inflammatory signaling.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; data; expression; gene; infection; patients; sars
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        item: #3084 of 5187
          id: cord-313174-ig0h2s6l
      author: Hecht, Jonathon L.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 can infect the placenta and is not associated with specific placental histopathology: a series of 19 placentas from COVID-19-positive mothers
        date: 2020-08-02
       words: 4194
      flesch: 48
     summary: Robust proof of placental infection requires demonstration of viral localization within placental tissue. Only two of the few cases of possible vertical transmission have demonstrated placental infection.
    keywords: cases; controls; covid-19; expression; infection; placental; prevalence; sars
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        item: #3085 of 5187
          id: cord-313193-q5zeoqlb
      author: Carrat, F.
       title: Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 among adults in three regions of France following the lockdown and associated risk factors: a multicohort study.
        date: 2020-09-18
       words: 4082
      flesch: 45
     summary: It is based on a consortium of prospective cohort studies including three general population-based adult cohorts and two child-cohorts (not presented in this study). https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.16.20195693 doi: medRxiv preprint results or ELISA-S <0.7 were true negatives.
    keywords: copyright holder; funder; license; medrxiv; peer; peer review; preprint; review; september
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        item: #3086 of 5187
          id: cord-313215-diqfmitr
      author: Luo, Lei
       title: Air and surface contamination in non-health care settings among 641 environmental specimens of 39 COVID-19 cases
        date: 2020-07-09
       words: 1594
      flesch: 43
     summary: We highly recommend that persons no matter COVID-19 cases or Note: Environmental specimens were tested by RT-PCR testing; 5 positive environmental specimens of asymptomatic COVID-19 cases were excluded in bars of symptoms onset to sampling. key: cord-313215-diqfmitr authors: Luo, Lei; Liu, Dan; Zhang, Hao; Li, Zhihao; Zhen, Ruonan; Zhang, Xiru; Xie, Huaping; Song, Weiqi; Liu, Jie; Huang, Qingmei; Liu, Jingwen; Yang, Xingfen; Chen, Zongqiu; Mao, Chen title: Air and surface contamination in non-health care settings among 641 environmental specimens of 39 COVID-19 cases date: 2020-07-09 journal: bioRxiv DOI: 10.1101/2020.07.09.195008 sha: doc_id: 313215 cord_uid: diqfmitr Background Little is known about the SARS-CoV-2 contamination of environmental surfaces and air in non-health care settings among COVID-19 cases.
    keywords: cases; covid-19; specimens; surfaces
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        item: #3087 of 5187
          id: cord-313227-6zwkfzab
      author: Scala, Stefania
       title: Fighting the Host Reaction to SARS-COv-2 in Critically Ill Patients: The Possible Contribution of Off-Label Drugs
        date: 2020-05-27
       words: 3882
      flesch: 26
     summary: Med Hypotheses Pioglitazone, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ligand, suppresses bleomycin-induced acute lung injury and fibrosis CXCR4 knockdown prevents inflammatory cytokine expression in macrophages by suppressing activation of MAPK and NF-kappaB signaling pathways CXCR4 inhibitor attenuates ovalbumin-induced airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness by inhibiting Th17 and Tc17 cell immune response Plerixafor enables safe, rapid, efficient mobilization of hematopoietic stem cells in sickle cell disease patients after exchange transfusion Dissecting influenza virus pathogenesis uncovers a novel chemical approach to combat the infection COVID-19 infection in a patient with multiple sclerosis treated with fingolimod Benefitrisk profile of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulators in relapsing and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. CXCR4-mediated inflammatory responses is based on the efficient chemotaxis function of inflammatory cells, such as neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes (66) .
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; covid-19; cytokines; immune; infection; lung; macrophages; patients; sars; tnf; virus
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        item: #3088 of 5187
          id: cord-313246-2gtiqrnj
      author: Hazra, Aniruddha
       title: Coinfections with SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory pathogens
        date: 2020-07-03
       words: 802
      flesch: 44
     summary: Our results suggest that infection with other respiratory pathogens is uncommon among patients with COVID-19. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Rates of coinfection between SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory pathogens Interpreting diagnostic tests for SARS-CoV-2 Viral pneumonia Illinois Department of Public Health website Acknowledgments.
    keywords: cov-2; sars
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        item: #3089 of 5187
          id: cord-313247-55loucvc
      author: Pipes, Lenore
       title: Assessing uncertainty in the rooting of the SARS-CoV-2 phylogeny
        date: 2020-10-07
       words: 2549
      flesch: 58
     summary: An alternative to outgroup rooting is molecular clock rooting, which is based on the assumption that mutations occur at an approximately constant rate, or at a rate that can be modeled and predicted using statistical models (e.g., using a relaxed molecular clock such as Drummond et al. Methods for inferring phylogenetic trees that assume an ultrametric tree (i.e. a tree that perfectly follows a molecular clock), such as unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA; Sokal and Michener, 1958) , directly infers a rooted tree.
    keywords: cov-2; rooting; sars; tree
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        item: #3090 of 5187
          id: cord-313265-lff5cajm
      author: Conway, Michael J.
       title: Identification of coronavirus sequences in carp cDNA from Wuhan, China
        date: 2020-03-16
       words: 920
      flesch: 52
     summary: key: cord-313265-lff5cajm authors: Conway, Michael J. title: Identification of coronavirus sequences in carp cDNA from Wuhan, China date: 2020-03-16 journal: J Med Virol DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25751 sha: doc_id: 313265 cord_uid: lff5cajm Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)‐like coronavirus sequences were identified in two separate complementary DNA (cDNA) pools. Hosts and sources of endemic human coronaviruses Evolutionary history, potential intermediate animal host, and cross-species analyses of SARS-CoV-2 Composition and divergence of coronavirus spike proteins and host ACE2 receptors predict potential intermediate hosts of SARS-CoV-2 SARS virus: the beginning of the unraveling of a new coronavirus Emergence of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Identification and characterization of hypoxia-induced genes in Carassius auratus blastulae embryonic cells using suppression subtractive hybridization Complementary DNA sequencing: expressed sequence tags and human genome project The authors declare that there are no conflict of interests.
    keywords: cdna; sars; sequences
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        item: #3091 of 5187
          id: cord-313268-j51zyodw
      author: Zeng, Xiangxiang
       title: Repurpose Open Data to Discover Therapeutics for COVID-19 Using Deep Learning
        date: 2020-07-12
       words: 4091
      flesch: 34
     summary: In this study, we present the state-of-the-art knowledge-graph-based, deep-learning methodologies for the rapid discovery of drug candidates to treat COVID-19 from 24 million PubMed publications ( Figure 1 ). 55 To fight the emerging COVID-19 pandemic, we introduced an integrative, network-based, deep-learning methodology to discover candidate drugs for COVID-19, named CoV-KGE.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; data; drugs; human; kge; patients; sars; set; treatment
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        item: #3092 of 5187
          id: cord-313275-znrvkmee
      author: Bwire, G. M.
       title: A systematic review on the levels of antibodies in COVID-19 virus exposed but negative newborns: a possible vertical transmission of IgG/ IgM
        date: 2020-06-12
       words: 2967
      flesch: 48
     summary: WHO Clinical management of severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) when COVID-19 disease is suspected Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records Clinical features and obstetric and neonatal outcomes of pregnant patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective, single-centre, descriptive study Antibodies in Infants Born to Mothers With COVID-19 Pneumonia Tests for IgG and IgM antibodies for severe acute respiratory Training and Fit Testing of Health Care Personnel for Reusable Elastomeric Half-Mask Respirators Compared With Disposable N95 Respi Delivery in Asymptomatic Italian Woman with SARS-CoV-2 Infection Development and clinical application of a rapid IgM-IgG combined antibody test for SARS-CoV-2 infection diagnosis key: cord-313275-znrvkmee authors: Bwire, G. M.; Njiro, B. J. title: A systematic review on the levels of antibodies in COVID-19 virus exposed but negative newborns: a possible vertical transmission of IgG/ IgM date: 2020-06-12 journal: nan DOI: 10.1101/2020.06.09.20127118 sha: doc_id: 313275 cord_uid: znrvkmee Background Currently, there is no doubt on human-to-human transmission of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).
    keywords: cov-2; igm; license; medrxiv; preprint
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        item: #3093 of 5187
          id: cord-313282-z5cues67
      author: Schaefer, Inga-Marie
       title: In situ detection of SARS-CoV-2 in lungs and airways of patients with COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-19
       words: 3981
      flesch: 35
     summary: A Prospective Cohort Study Pulmonary arterial thrombosis in COVID-19 with fatal outcome: results from a prospective, single-center, clinicopathologic case series Pulmonary vascular endothelialitis, thrombosis, and angiogenesis in Covid-19 Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 Detection from Nasopharyngeal Swab Samples by the Roche Cobas 6800 SARS-CoV-2 test and a laboratory-developed real-time RT-PCR test Early detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in COVID-19 patients as a serologic marker of infection Interpreting diagnostic tests for SARS-CoV-2 A serological assay to detect SARS-CoV-2 seroconversion in humans Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in patients with COVID-19 COVID-19: progression of disease and intravascular coagulation-present status and future perspectives SARS-CoV-2 entry factors are highly expressed in nasal epithelial cells together with innate immune genes Respiratory disease in rhesus macaques inoculated with SARS-CoV-2 Pathology and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 associated with fatal coronavirus disease, United States SARS-CoV-2 infection protects against rechallenge in rhesus macaques Time course and cellular localization of SARS-CoV nucleoprotein and RNA in lungs from fatal cases of SARS Endothelial cell infection and endotheliitis in COVID-19 COVID-19 and the cardiovascular system: implications for risk assessment, diagnosis, and treatment options Pathological inflammation in patients with COVID-19: a key role for monocytes and macrophages COVID-19 with silent hypoxemia Silent hypoxia: a harbinger of clinical deterioration in patients with COVID-19 Compassionate use of remdesivir for patients with severe Covid-19 Distinct patterns of primary and motile cilia in Rathke's cleft cysts and craniopharyngioma subtypes Effects of paramyxoviral infection on airway epithelial cell Foxj1 expression, ciliogenesis, and mucociliary function Respiratory syncytial virus inhibits ciliagenesis in differentiated normal human bronchial epithelial cells: effectiveness of N-acetylcysteine Murine cytomegalovirus influences Foxj1 expression, ciliogenesis, and mucus plugging in mice with allergic airway disease Observational Study of Hydroxychloroquine in Hospitalized Patients with Covid-19 The pulmonary vascular lesions of the adult respiratory distress syndrome Correlation of chest CT and RT-PCR testing in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China: A Report of 1014 Overall, the different stages of DAD observed histologically correspond to the estimated time interval from onset of respiratory failure to death; however, the exact timing of severe lung injury may be difficult to determine in certain cases given reports of silent hypoxemia in COVID-19 infected patients [27, 28] .
    keywords: autopsy; cells; covid-19; dad; days; fig; infection; lung; patients; sars
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        item: #3094 of 5187
          id: cord-313305-tih33rys
      author: Castro, Rodolfo
       title: COVID-19: a meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy of commercial assays registered in Brazil
        date: 2020-04-18
       words: 840
      flesch: 52
     summary: key: cord-313305-tih33rys authors: Castro, Rodolfo; Luz, Paula M; Wakimoto, Mayumi D; Veloso, Valdilea G; Grinsztejn, Beatriz; Perazzo, Hugo title: COVID-19: a meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy of commercial assays registered in Brazil date: 2020-04-18 journal: The Global Impact of COVID-19 and Strategies for Stata module for meta-analytical integration of diagnostic test accuracy studies,: Boston College; Department of Economics Developing antibody tests for SARS-CoV-2 Development and Clinical Application of A Rapid IgM-IgG Combined Antibody Test for SARS-CoV-2 Infection Diagnosis Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Different Types of Clinical Specimens FIGURE LEGENDS Figure 1.
    keywords: covid-19; sars; tests
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        item: #3095 of 5187
          id: cord-313316-l147b7jk
      author: Freudenthal, Bernard
       title: Misuse of SARS-CoV-2 testing in symptomatic health-care staff in the UK
        date: 2020-10-22
       words: 1111
      flesch: 52
     summary: UK Covid-19 testing expanded to police, fire service and judiciary Laboratory testing for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in suspected human cases Diagnosis of the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): rRT-PCR or CT? Arguments against mass testing approaches previously have suggested a lack of resources might make this ineffective.
    keywords: sars; testing; ventricles
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        item: #3096 of 5187
          id: cord-313344-rqvi2ksc
      author: Farcas, Gabriella A.
       title: Fatal Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Is Associated with Multiorgan Involvement by Coronavirus
        date: 2005-01-15
       words: 2428
      flesch: 41
     summary: key: cord-313344-rqvi2ksc authors: Farcas, Gabriella A.; Poutanen, Susan M.; Mazzulli, Tony; Willey, Barbara M.; Butany, Jagdish; Asa, Sylvia L.; Faure, Peter; Akhavan, Poolak; Low, Donald E.; Kain, Kevin C. title: Fatal Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Is Associated with Multiorgan Involvement by Coronavirus date: 2005-01-15 journal: J Infect Dis DOI: 10.1086/426870 sha: doc_id: 313344 cord_uid: rqvi2ksc Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is characterized by pulmonary compromise; however, patients often have evidence of other organ dysfunction that may reflect extrapulmonary dissemination of SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV). We report on the distribution and viral load of SARS-CoV in multiple organ samples from patients who died of SARS during the Toronto outbreak.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov; loads; patients; samples; sars
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        item: #3097 of 5187
          id: cord-313345-zwe3tmq0
      author: Chou, Roger
       title: Update Alert: Masks for Prevention of Respiratory Virus Infections, Including SARS-CoV-2, in Health Care and Community Settings
        date: 2020-07-20
       words: 604
      flesch: -93
     summary: Masks for prevention of respiratory virus infections evidence map -July 2020 update Masks for prevention of respiratory virus infections, including SARS-CoV-2, in health care and community settings: a living rapid review Reduction of secondary transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in households by face mask use, disinfection and social distancing: a cohort study in Beijing, China Probable secondary infections in households of SARS patients in Hong Kong SARS transmission in Vietnam outside of the health-care setting Risk factors for SARS among persons without known contact with SARS patients Face mask use and control of respiratory virus transmission in households Surgical mask to prevent influenza transmission in households: a cluster randomized trial Facemasks and hand hygiene to prevent influenza transmission in households: a cluster randomized trial Preliminary findings of a randomized trial of non-pharmaceutical interventions to prevent influenza transmission in households Impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions on URIs and influenza in crowded, urban households Cluster randomised controlled trial to examine medical mask use as source control for people with respiratory illness Findings from a household randomized controlled trial of hand washing and face masks to reduce influenza transmission in The role of facemasks and hand hygiene in the prevention of influenza transmission in households: results from a cluster randomised trial Mask use, hand hygiene, and seasonal influenza-like illness among young adults: a randomized intervention trial Facemasks, hand hygiene, and influenza among young adults: a randomized intervention trial Facemask versus no facemask in preventing viral respiratory infections during Hajj: a cluster randomised open label trial March 8 Pilot randomised controlled trial to test effectiveness of facemasks in preventing influenza-like illness transmission among Australian Hajj pilgrims in 2011 Risk factors for SARS infection among hospital healthcare workers in Beijing: a case control study SARS among critical care nurses A case-control study on the risk factors of severe acute respiratory syndromes among health care workers Rapid awareness and transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hanoi French Hospital, Vietnam Risk factors for SARS infection within hospitals in Hanoi, Vietnam Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban Risk factors for SARS transmission from patients requiring intubation: a multicentre investigation in Toronto Effectiveness of precautions against droplets and contact in prevention of nosocomial transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Factors associated with transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome among health-care workers in Singapore Effectiveness of personal protective measures in prevention of nosocomial transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome Illness in intensive care staff after brief exposure to severe acute respiratory syndrome Association between 2019-nCoV transmission and N95 respirator use Risk factors for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection among healthcare personnel SARS transmission among hospital workers in Hong Kong Surgical mask vs N95 respirator for preventing influenza among health care workers: a randomized trial A cluster randomized clinical trial comparing fit-tested and non-fit-tested N95 respirators to medical masks to prevent respiratory virus infection in health care workers. key: cord-313345-zwe3tmq0 authors: Chou, Roger; Dana, Tracy; Jungbauer, Rebecca; Weeks, Chandler; McDonagh, Marian S. title: Update Alert: Masks for Prevention of Respiratory Virus Infections, Including SARS-CoV-2, in Health Care and Community Settings date: 2020-07-20 journal:
    keywords: influenza; transmission; trial
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        item: #3098 of 5187
          id: cord-313349-ikjivfce
      author: Finsterer, Josef
       title: Causes of hypogeusia/hyposmia in SARS‐CoV2 infected patients
        date: 2020-04-20
       words: 1140
      flesch: 41
     summary: 1 Involvement of only four cranial nerves may be due to non-systematic investigations of cranial nerves but more likely is that patients experiencing visual impairment (cranial nerve II), double vision (cranial nerves III, IV, VI), hypoacusis (cranial nerve VIII), dysphagia, or dysarthria (cranial nerves IX, X) would definitely communicate such complaints. However, the cause of abnormal taste/smelling in COVID-19 patients remains elusive.
    keywords: cov2; patients; sars; taste
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        item: #3099 of 5187
          id: cord-313356-ninzeazy
      author: Fiorillo, Luca
       title: COVID-19 Surface Persistence: A Recent Data Summary and Its Importance for Medical and Dental Settings
        date: 2020-04-30
       words: 3808
      flesch: 47
     summary: Concerning the persistence of the virus on different surfaces, and in particular on metals containing copper, these findings are interesting and could lead to the development of new surfaces with viricidal or bactericidal properties. [26] , aerosol and surface virus transmission is plausible, since it can remain viable and infectious for hours or days.
    keywords: bias; coronavirus; covid-19; days; persistence; sars; surfaces
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        item: #3100 of 5187
          id: cord-313371-fdyfg0kf
      author: Brancatella, Alessandro
       title: Subacute Thyroiditis After Sars-COV-2 Infection
        date: 2020-05-21
       words: 1616
      flesch: 48
     summary: Thyroid evaluation performed 1 month earlier in the patient herein reported had ruled out thyroid diseases. However, coronavirus infection has never been associated with clinical SAT.
    keywords: sars; sat; thyroid; thyroiditis
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        item: #3101 of 5187
          id: cord-313379-6sa6oc6u
      author: Bahar, B.
       title: Kinetics of viral clearance and antibody production across age groups in SARS-CoV-2 infected children
        date: 2020-08-07
       words: 2675
      flesch: 46
     summary: Conclusions: The majority of patients demonstrated a prolonged period of viral shedding after infection with SARS CoV-2. Study design: This retrospective analysis of children tested for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR and IgG antibody at a quaternary-care, free-standing pediatric hospital between March 13th, 2020 to June 21st, 2020 included 6369 patients who underwent PCR testing and 215 patients who underwent antibody testing.
    keywords: august; license; medrxiv; perpetuity; preprint; version
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        item: #3102 of 5187
          id: cord-313415-5qrpucr4
      author: Lai, Rongtao
       title: Sentinel surveillance strategies for early detection of coronavirus disease in fever clinics: experience from China
        date: 2020-08-25
       words: 1904
      flesch: 44
     summary: Therefore, patients with a normal body temperature (oral temperature <37.3°C) but with respiratory symptoms and underlying disease; as well as those with an epidemiological history, including a history of travel to epidemic areas and contact with COVID-19 patients are recommended to visit fever clinics. To efficiently and effectively control the epidemic and to minimise its negative economic impact, rapid screening and immediate isolation of suspected COVID-19 cases in fever clinics was important.
    keywords: clinics; covid-19; fever; patients
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        item: #3103 of 5187
          id: cord-313427-6y4zvrmn
      author: Mani, Nandita S
       title: Prevalence of COVID-19 Infection and Outcomes Among Symptomatic Healthcare Workers in Seattle, Washington
        date: 2020-06-16
       words: 3434
      flesch: 48
     summary: We established two high-throughput employee testing centers in Seattle, Washington with drive-through and walk-through options for symptomatic employees in the University of Washington Medicine system and its affiliated organizations. Using data from these testing centers, we report the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among symptomatic employees and describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes among employees with COVID-19.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; employees; hcws; healthcare; infection; sars; testing
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        item: #3104 of 5187
          id: cord-313458-ka02rsla
      author: Zhou, Yitian
       title: Single-cell transcriptional profile of ACE2 in healthy and failing human hearts
        date: 2020-09-01
       words: 1698
      flesch: 38
     summary: More importantly, we further showed that the expression of ACE2 in the cardiomyocytes of heart failure patients is significantly higher than that in other heart cells of these patients. In this study, we analyzed the scRNA-seq data from human hearts in the Gene Expression Omnibus public database to investigate the expression profile of ACE2 and the expression profiles of other genes in different types of human heart cells.
    keywords: ace2; expression; heart; patients
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        item: #3105 of 5187
          id: cord-313460-oao2zppd
      author: D’Ardes, Damiano
       title: Long-term Positivity to SARS-CoV-2: A Clinical Case of COVID-19 with Persistent Evidence of Infection
        date: 2020-05-11
       words: 883
      flesch: 50
     summary: Factors associated with prolonged viral RNA shedding in patients with COVID-19 Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China Thoracic ultrasound and SARS-COVID-19: a pictorial essay Positive RT-PCR test results in patients recovered from COVID-19 A case of coinfection with SARS-COV-2 and cytomegalovirus in the era of COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2-positive sputum and feces after conversion of pharyngeal samples in patients with COVID-19 In contrast to the 15-20 days usually described as the average duration of mild COVID-19 disease, in this case we demonstrated SARS-CoV-2 positivity which lasted for over 50 days even though the patient was clinically well 2 weeks after the onset of symptoms.
    keywords: case; covid-19; sars
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        item: #3106 of 5187
          id: cord-313489-i969aqn9
      author: Galbadage, Thushara
       title: Does COVID-19 Spread Through Droplets Alone?
        date: 2020-04-24
       words: 2345
      flesch: 43
     summary: World Health Organization (2020) Estimating the asymptomatic proportion of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases on board the Diamond Princess cruise ship Grand Princess Updates SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation Effectiveness of precautions against droplets and contact in prevention of nosocomial transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Stability of SARS coronavirus in human specimens and environment and its sensitivity to heating and U.V. irradiation Transmission of SARS and MERS coronaviruses and influenza virus in healthcare settings: the possible role of dry surface contamination Aerosol and surface stability of SARS-CoV-2 as compared with SARS-CoV-1 Human influenza resulting from aerosol inhalation An outbreak of influenza aboard a commercial airliner Exhaled droplets due to talking and coughing Violent expiratory events: on coughing and sneezing Transmission-Based Precautions Review of Scientific Data Regarding Transmission of Infectious Agents in Healthcare Settings We acknowledge research students, Joseph Awada and Danny Ramirez Jr. for their discussions on this research topic. This raises questions of whether a full scientific understanding of disease transmission modes has yet to be attained, and thus whether there are more effective ways to prevent its spread.
    keywords: covid-19; droplets; sars; spread; transmission
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        item: #3107 of 5187
          id: cord-313505-2lr4xara
      author: Resende, Paola Cristina
       title: Genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 reveals community transmission of a major lineage during the early pandemic phase in Brazil
        date: 2020-06-18
       words: 1147
      flesch: 38
     summary: We also detected two other well-supported (SH-aLRT 228 > 80%) monophyletic clades of small size (n = 2-11) mostly composed by Brazilian sequences 229 ( Supplementary Fig. 1) . The prevalence of the sub-clade 211 B.1.1 in our sample (92%) was much higher than that observed in other Brazilian sequences 212 available in GISAID (36%) (Fig. 1C) phylogenetic tree, consistent with the hypothesis of multiple independent introductions (Fig. 2) (Fig. 2) .
    keywords: biorxiv; cov-2; fig; sars; sequences
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        item: #3108 of 5187
          id: cord-313537-920tgv1j
      author: Carbonell, Ana Piera
       title: Covid-19 y tromboprofilaxis: recomendaciones para nuestra práctica clínica en atención primaria
        date: 2020-09-18
       words: 2642
      flesch: 30
     summary: La interleuquina-6 (IL-6), entre otras interleuquinas, desempeña un papel importante en la red de mediadores inflamatorios y puede causar trastornos de la coagulación a través de diversas vías, como la estimulación hepática para la síntesis de trombopoyetina y fibrinógeno, aumento de la expresión del factor de crecimiento endotelial vascular, expresión de los factores tisulares de los monocitos y la activación del sistema de coagulación extrínseco. 2 La excesiva activación del sistema inmune causa una tormenta de citoquinas y ocasiona daño del sistema microvascular, activando el sistema de coagulación e inhibiendo el de la fibrinólisis.
    keywords: con; cov-2; covid-19; del; enfermedad; los; pacientes; para; por; que; riesgo; sars; trombosis; una
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        item: #3109 of 5187
          id: cord-313541-fpqwzf9k
      author: Ulloa, S.
       title: A simple method for SARS-CoV-2 detection by rRT-PCR without the use of a commercial RNA extraction kit
        date: 2020-08-22
       words: 1780
      flesch: 48
     summary: SARS-CoV-2 detection by direct rRT-PCR without RNA extraction and inactivating samples at 95 °C for 5 minutes, was showed from specimens placed in UTM and molecular water, but not from samples in Hanks medium and saline buffer (Merindol et al., 2020) . Moreover, SARS-CoV-2 detection without RNA extraction was described by mixing respiratory samples in a 1:1 (v/v) ratio with Sputasol (Oxoid, Basingstoke, England) before adding it directly to the rRT-PCR reaction mix (Wee et al., 2020) .
    keywords: extraction; pcr; rrt; samples; sars
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        item: #3110 of 5187
          id: cord-313571-umcbulcw
      author: Martínez-Murcia, Antonio
       title: In silico design and validation of commercial kit GPS™ CoVID-19 dtec-RT-qPCR Test under criteria of UNE/EN ISO 17025:2005 and ISO/IEC 15189:2012
        date: 2020-05-05
       words: 1192
      flesch: 40
     summary: Results from reference laboratories 100% correlated with these obtained by suing reference methods and received an evaluation with 100% of diagnostic sensitivity and specificity. Standard calibration curves of the qPCR were performed from ten-fold 202 dilution series (Figure 3a Only three months ago, an outbreak of severe pneumonia caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-225 CoV-2 started in Wuhan (China) and rapidly expanded to almost all areas worldwide.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; sars
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        item: #3111 of 5187
          id: cord-313603-y8p9bmph
      author: Akter, Shahina
       title: Coding-Complete Genome Sequences of Three SARS-CoV-2 Strains from Bangladesh
        date: 2020-09-24
       words: 959
      flesch: 49
     summary: key: cord-313603-y8p9bmph authors: Akter, Shahina; Banu, Tanjina Akhtar; Goswami, Barna; Osman, Eshrar; Uzzaman, Mohammad Samir; Habib, M. Ahashan; Jahan, Iffat; Mahmud, Abu Sayeed Mohammad; Sarker, M. Murshed Hasan; Hossain, M. Saddam; Shamsuzzaman, A. K. Mohammad; Nafisa, Tasnim; Molla, M. Maruf Ahmed; Yeasmin, Mahmuda; Ghosh, Asish Kumar; Al Din, Sheikh M. Selim; Ray, Utpal Chandra; Sajib, Salek Ahmed; Hossain, Maqsud; Khan, M. Salim title: Coding-Complete Genome Sequences of Three SARS-CoV-2 Strains from Bangladesh date: 2020-09-24 journal: Microbiol Resour Announc DOI: 10.1128/mra.00764-20 sha: doc_id: 313603 cord_uid: y8p9bmph We report the sequencing of three severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) genomes from Bangladesh. The data from this analysis will contribute to advancing our understanding of the epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in Bangladesh as well as worldwide at the molecular level and will identify potential new targets for interventions.
    keywords: bangladesh; bcsir; sars; sequences
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        item: #3112 of 5187
          id: cord-313627-g1iqhsdk
      author: Zou, Xiaojing
       title: Characteristics of liver function in patients with SARS-CoV-2 and chronic HBV co-infection
        date: 2020-06-15
       words: 1805
      flesch: 50
     summary: 14 (13.33%) patients developed liver injury. The proportion of severe COVID-19 was higher in patients with liver injury (P= 0.042).
    keywords: chronic; injury; liver; patients
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        item: #3113 of 5187
          id: cord-313639-qpt47sx2
      author: Zheng, Yi
       title: Clinical characteristics of 34 COVID-19 patients admitted to intensive care unit in Hangzhou, China
        date: 2020-05-20
       words: 3726
      flesch: 40
     summary: Further analysis in our cohort showed that T lymphocytopenia was more pronounced than B lymphocytopenia, which was similar to previous study in SARS patients (Cui et al., 2003) . During hospitalization, most patients had marked lymphopenia, with IMV patients developing more severe Flow cytometry showed that median T lymphocyte counts were less than one third of the lower normal limit, compared to B lymphocytes in inpatients.
    keywords: acute; cases; covid-19; imv; niv; patients; sars
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        item: #3114 of 5187
          id: cord-313684-61hkogdh
      author: Samaddar, Arghadip
       title: Pathophysiology and Potential Therapeutic Candidates for COVID-19: A Poorly Understood Arena
        date: 2020-09-17
       words: 11716
      flesch: 34
     summary: There are currently four ongoing clinical trials of umifenovir for COVID-19 treatment: one in comparison with the basic treatment 6 , and the other three comparing the effects in combination with oseltamivir 7 , lopinavir/ ritonavir 8 , and carrimycin. Currently, there are no clinically proven antiviral drugs or biologics for the treatment of COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: acute; antiviral; cells; combination; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; covid-19 patients; disease; et al; host; immune; infection; mers; patients; protein; receptors; response; rna; sars; therapy; treatment; trial; viral; virus
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        item: #3115 of 5187
          id: cord-313728-08kwkbmd
      author: Binda, Barbara
       title: Follow-up and Management of Kidney Transplant Recipients During the COVID-19 Lockdown: the experience of an Italian Transplant Center, Including Two Cases of COVID-19 Pneumonia
        date: 2020-06-28
       words: 3214
      flesch: 34
     summary: On April 29 the Italian Medicines Agency states that, in this emergency phase, the use of hydroxychloroquine can be considered in COVID-19 patients of any severity, evaluating the risk/benefit ratio in each individual case. A recent retrospective cohort study in COVID-19 patients showed that early, low-dose, short-term administration of methylprednisolone was associated with better clinical outcomes in patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia, and should be considered before the occurrence of acute respiratory distress syndrome [17] .
    keywords: covid-19; disease; infection; kidney; lockdown; patients; recipients; sars; transplant
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        item: #3116 of 5187
          id: cord-313754-f4sq45gy
      author: Wong, Chi-Yan
       title: Practice of habitual and volitional health behaviors to prevent severe acute respiratory syndrome among Chinese adolescents in Hong Kong
        date: 2005-03-31
       words: 4719
      flesch: 41
     summary: Random-digit dialing of the local residential telephone directory was used to select respondents, who were asked to provide information on their practice of SARS preventive health behaviors and associated factors as specified by the Health Belief Model. These factors included perceived threat of SARS, perceived benefits and barriers in practicing SARS preventive health behaviors, cues to action, knowledge of SARS, and self-efficacy.
    keywords: adolescents; behaviors; habitual; hbm; health; practice; sars; threat
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        item: #3117 of 5187
          id: cord-313755-y7regza1
      author: Mitra, Kartik
       title: Dual inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 proteases: pharmacophore and molecular dynamics based drug repositioning and phytochemical leads
        date: 2020-07-22
       words: 5230
      flesch: 37
     summary: In order to mitigate the rapid spread and decrease of the disease burden, existing drugs including anti-retroviral protease inhibitors are being tested as potential candidates for repositioning against SARS-CoV-2, amongst which ritonavir/ lopinavir (KaletraV R ) combination has been approved for clinical management. A recent high-throughput screening of anti-retroviral protease inhibitors have also identified that tipranavir and nelfinavir to be potent inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2 when compared to lopinavir.
    keywords: binding; coronavirus; cov-2; energy; et al; inhibitors; lopinavir; pharmacophore; plp; protease; sars
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        item: #3118 of 5187
          id: cord-313756-2pqpk3v7
      author: De Vriese, An S.
       title: In Reply to ‘Is SARS-CoV-2 Serology Relevant for Hemodialysis Patients With COVID-19?’
        date: 2020-06-27
       words: 293
      flesch: 43
     summary: Am J Kidney Dis DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2020.06.005 sha: doc_id: 313756 cord_uid: 2pqpk3v7 nan In a small group of hemodialysis patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, we reported that the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG overlaps by several weeks with detectable viral RNA in the upper airways (1) . IgG Antibody Response to SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Viral RNA Persistence in Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis De-isolation of COVID-19-positive hemodialysis patients in the outpatient setting: a single-center experience Clinical performance of different SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody tests
    keywords: sars
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        item: #3119 of 5187
          id: cord-313795-jr3n3uo9
      author: McAuley, Julie L.
       title: Liquid chalk is an antiseptic against SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A respiratory viruses
        date: 2020-11-02
       words: 1416
      flesch: 34
     summary: Chalk was applied before or after virus inoculum and recovery of infectious virus was determined to mimic the use in the gym. Norovirus was not 192 rendered non-infectious when treated with gym chalk, regardless of whether the virus was 193 added to dry chalk, or chalk was added to virus inoculum As different alcohols are the major constituents of liquid chalk, we additionally 198 evaluated the impact of alcohol alone on the recovery of infectious virus.
    keywords: chalk; cov-2; norovirus; sars; virus
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        item: #3120 of 5187
          id: cord-313805-6mnclfeg
      author: Suzuki, Yuichiro J.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-mediated cell signaling in lung vascular cells
        date: 2020-10-12
       words: 2299
      flesch: 48
     summary: The treatment of human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells or human pulmonary artery endothelial cells with recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike protein S1 subunit (Val16 – Gln690) at 10 ng/ml (0.13 nM) caused an activation of MEK phosphorylation. Human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells and human pulmonary artery endothelial cells were purchased from ScienCell Research Laboratories (Carlsbad, CA, USA), and rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells were purchased from Cell Applications (San Diego, CA, USA).
    keywords: cells; cov-2; mek; protein; sars; spike
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        item: #3121 of 5187
          id: cord-313829-pjscmen8
      author: Caballero, A.E.
       title: COVID-19 in people living with diabetes: An international consensus
        date: 2020-07-06
       words: 4359
      flesch: 45
     summary: A statement from the Diabetes in COVID-19: prevalence, pathophysiology, prognosis and practical considerations Predicting mortality due to SARS-CoV-2: a mechanistic score relating obesity and diabetes to COVID-19 outcomes in Diabetes and COVID-19: more than the sum of two morbidities Diabetic patients with COVID-19 infection are at higher risk of ICU admission and poor short-term outcome Covid-19: The epidemiological characteristics of an outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) in China Expert recommendations for diabetes management in primary care during the COVID-19 pandemic Guidance on diabetes management in the elderly during the COVID-19 pandemic Recommendations on insulin treatment in diabetes patients affected with COVID-19 COVID-19 weekly surveillance report: data for the week of 8 -14 World Health Organization.
    keywords: care; covid-19; diabetes; glucose; hyperglycemia; insulin; patients; people; risk
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        item: #3122 of 5187
          id: cord-313910-bwe2f7xf
      author: Bojadzic, Damir
       title: Small-Molecule In Vitro Inhibitors of the Coronavirus Spike – ACE2 Protein-Protein Interaction as Blockers of Viral Attachment and Entry for SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-10-22
       words: 7111
      flesch: 40
     summary: bioRxiv Experimental design and analysis and their reporting II: updated and simplified guidance for authors and peer reviewers Scaffolds for blocking protein-protein interactions Designing focused chemical libraries enriched in protein-protein interaction inhibitors using machine-learning methods Prediction of protein-protein interaction inhibitors by chemoinformatics and machine learning methods Rationalizing the chemical space of protein-protein interaction inhibitors Metabolism of azo dyes: implication for detoxication and activation Toxicological significance of azo dye metabolism by human intestinal microbiota Novel inhibitors of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus entry that act by three distinct mechanisms Identification of novel small-molecule inhibitors of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus by chemical genetics Development and validation of a high-throughput screen for inhibitors of SARS CoV and its application in screening of a 100,000-compound library Targeting membrane-bound viral RNA synthesis reveals potent inhibition of diverse coronaviruses including the middle East respiratory syndrome virus Targeting ACE2-RBD interaction as a platform for COVID19 therapeutics: Development and drug repurposing screen of an AlphaLISA proximity assay. medRxiv Inhibitors of viral entry Cell entry mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 Structure of the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain bound to the ACE2 receptor Characterization of the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of 2019 novel coronavirus: implication for development of RBD protein as a viral attachment inhibitor and vaccine Cytokine storm in a phase 1 trial of the anti-CD28 monoclonal antibody TGN1412 London's disastrous drug trial has serious side effects for research Small molecules drive big improvements in immunooncology therapies Postmarket safety events among novel therapeutics approved by the US Food and Drug Administration between 2001 and 2010 COVID-19: Drug targets and potential treatments The spike protein of SARS-CoV -a target for vaccine and therapeutic development Investigation of ACE2 Nterminal fragments binding to SARS-CoV-2 Spike RBD.
    keywords: ace2; activity; binding; compounds; cov-2; dri; entry; ppi; protein; sars; smis
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        item: #3123 of 5187
          id: cord-313957-hviv5zar
      author: Masucci, Maria Grazia
       title: Viral Ubiquitin and Ubiquitin-Like Deconjugases—Swiss Army Knives for Infection
        date: 2020-08-01
       words: 11785
      flesch: 30
     summary: Hence, UbL-regulated cellular functions are exploited for viral entry, transcription and replication of the viral genomes, synthesis of viral proteins, and assembly of new virions and for the maturation and exit of viral particles from the infected cell [32] [33] Thus, the ISGylation of de novo synthesized viral proteins may hinder their interaction with host proteins that are required for replication, may disrupt their catalytic function, or may alter the oligomerization of capsid proteins leading to a decrease in the number and infectivity of virus particles
    keywords: activity; cells; cellular; cov; deconjugases; domain; enzymes; ifn; infection; isg15; protease; protein; replication; response; rig; sars; signaling; ubiquitin; ubl; virus; viruses
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        item: #3124 of 5187
          id: cord-313984-7wvfnag1
      author: Remy, Kenneth E
       title: Immunotherapies for COVID-19: lessons learned from sepsis
        date: 2020-04-28
       words: 2175
      flesch: 31
     summary: T cell-induced cytokine release syndrome FDA Approval Summary: Tocilizumab for treatment of chimeric antigen receptor T cell-induced severe or lifethreatening cytokine release syndrome Cytokine storm and sepsis disease pathogenesis Failure of treatments based on the cytokine storm theory of sepsis: time for a novel approach Tocilizumab treatment in COVID-19: a single center experience The cytokine release syndrome (CRS) of severe COVID-19 and interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) antagonist tocilizumab may be the key to reduce the mortality IL-6 in inflammation, immunity, and disease Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study Study of the lymphocyte change between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 pneumonia cases suggesting other factors besides uncontrolled inflammation contributed to multi-organ injury Elevated exhaustion levels and reduced functional diversity of T cells in peripheral blood may predict severe progression in COVID-19 patients Functional exhaustion of antiviral lymphocytes in COVID-19 patients The use of anti-inflammatory drugs in the treatment of people with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): the perspectives of clinical immunologists from China Immunosuppression for hyperinflammation in COVID-19: a double-edged sword? First, better methods are needed to assess the functional status of immune cells in patients with COVID-19.
    keywords: concentrations; covid-19; cytokine; il-6; patients; sepsis
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        item: #3125 of 5187
          id: cord-314013-g091lv0s
      author: Belladonna, Maria Laura
       title: Potential Benefits of Tryptophan Metabolism to the Efficacy of Tocilizumab in COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-19
       words: 2402
      flesch: 27
     summary: Here, we briefly discuss the potentially multiple, synergistic mechanisms whereby tocilizumab might exert therapeutic activity, mostly focusing on the production of tryptophan-derived catabolites that would result from blockade of IL-6 signaling, as contextualized to the cytokine storm occurring in COVID-19 patients. Based on the infection emergence, strict eligible criteria were adopted in most studies for the recruitments of COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: covid-19; ido1; il-6; patients; tcz
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        item: #3126 of 5187
          id: cord-314024-n6l2804j
      author: Gonçalves, Antonio
       title: Timing of antiviral treatment initiation is critical to reduce SARS-Cov-2 viral load
        date: 2020-04-07
       words: 2092
      flesch: 45
     summary: Viral loads in nasopharyngeal swabs were measured by real time reverse transcriptase 77 polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR, lower limit of quantification: 38 cycles, CT) at multiple 78 time points with an observed peak of viral load at day 5 post onset of symptoms (range: 2-27 79 days). These numbers also inform us both on the time to initiate antiviral treatment, and the 158 level of efficacy that needs to be achieved to reduce viral load [6] .
    keywords: efficacy; medrxiv; onset; preprint; treatment
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        item: #3127 of 5187
          id: cord-314025-h9gj814e
      author: Lai, Mary Y. Y.
       title: Survival of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus
        date: 2005-10-01
       words: 3094
      flesch: 55
     summary: First data on stability and resistance of SARS coronavirus compiled by members of WHO laboratory network Diagnostic procedures for viral, rickettsial and chlamydial infections Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus on hospital surfaces Increase in methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus acquisition rate and change in pathogen pattern associated with an outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS in Hong Kong: from experience to action. More than 20% of the patients with SARS were themselves health care workers, which could be explained by the unique shedding pattern of SARS-CoV, with viral loads reaching a peak ∼2 weeks after onset of disease, when patients were in hospital care
    keywords: cov; days; gown; paper; sars; stool; virus
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        item: #3128 of 5187
          id: cord-314051-dr27bsvt
      author: Lother, Sylvain A.
       title: Preoperative SARS-CoV-2 screening: Can it really rule out COVID-19?
        date: 2020-06-23
       words: 3125
      flesch: 46
     summary: 2 Avant que l'ARN viral n'atteigne des seuils détectables, les patients pourraient apparaître en bonne santé avant une chirurgie non urgente malgré avoir été exposés au SARS-CoV-2 au cours des 14 jours précédents. Si la présence virale n'est pas dépistée par un test, les patients peuvent aller de l'avant avec leur chirurgie non urgente, à la suite de laquelle les signes et symptômes d'une atteinte au coronavirus (COVID-19) pourraient survenir en période postopératoire, entraînant des devenirs défavorables.
    keywords: cov-2; des; les; patients; sars; surgery; test
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        item: #3129 of 5187
          id: cord-314070-8qz23nn4
      author: Gubbi, Sriram
       title: Catecholamine physiology and its implications in patients with COVID-19
        date: 2020-10-28
       words: 5344
      flesch: 24
     summary: key: cord-314070-8qz23nn4 authors: Gubbi, Sriram; Nazari, Matthew A; Taieb, David; Klubo-Gwiezdzinska, Joanna; Pacak, Karel title: Catecholamine physiology and its implications in patients with COVID-19 date: 2020-10-28 journal: Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(20)30342-9 sha: doc_id: 314070 cord_uid: 8qz23nn4 PPGL are well studied disease processes in which the effects of catecholamines are easily discernible and therefore their potential biochemical and physiological influences in patients with COVID-19 can be explored.
    keywords: acute; adrenoceptor; catecholamines; covid-19; cytokine; disease; effects; excess; hypertension; patients; ppgl; risk; syndrome
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        item: #3130 of 5187
          id: cord-314072-av3r7it7
      author: Liu, Zhuoming
       title: Landscape analysis of escape variants identifies SARS-CoV-2 spike mutations that attenuate monoclonal and serum antibody neutralization
        date: 2020-11-08
       words: 1113
      flesch: 41
     summary: Comparison of escape mutants with S sequence variants isolated in humans. Remarkably, we identified mutants that escaped neutralization by convalescent human sera, suggesting that some humans induce a narrow repertoire of neutralizing antibodies.
    keywords: cov-2; escape; fig; sars
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        item: #3131 of 5187
          id: cord-314102-8jf3fnqe
      author: Wu, Jie
       title: Advances in research on ACE2 as a receptor for 2019-nCoV
        date: 2020-08-11
       words: 8459
      flesch: 44
     summary: Although HCoV-NL63, 2019-nCoV and SARS-CoV all invade host cells via ACE2 receptors, only the latter two viruses share homology and similarity in their genome sequences [23, 24] . 2019-nCoV and SARS-CoV are both β CoVs, sharing the highest nucleotide sequence identity (79.7%) across their whole genomes [25] . Therefore, it is speculated that like SARS-CoV, 2019-nCoV infects host cells via the mediating effects of its S protein and ACE2 receptors on the surfaces of human cells.
    keywords: ace2; angiotensin; binding; cells; converting; coronavirus; cov-2; enzyme; expression; host; human; infection; ncov; patients; protein; receptor; sars
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        item: #3132 of 5187
          id: cord-314107-x6e1jhcd
      author: Walker, M.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Stroke: Coincident or Causal?
        date: 2020-07-29
       words: 658
      flesch: 54
     summary: Though the total number of ischemic stroke patients decreased, likely due to social distancing and changes in health-seeking behavior, the number of large vessel occlusions requiring thrombectomy was not significantly different. Similarly, a retrospective review in the UK during this same period [4] failed to identify a causal relationship in six patients with large vessel strokes and coincident SARS-CoV-2 infection because competing vascular risk factors were present.
    keywords: patients; stroke
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        item: #3133 of 5187
          id: cord-314109-wb45naw2
      author: Maiese, Kenneth
       title: The Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin (mTOR): Novel Considerations as an Antiviral Treatment
        date: 2020-06-17
       words: 4150
      flesch: 29
     summary: Recent work has shown that mTOR pathways in conjunction with AMPK may offer valuable targets to control cell injury, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and the onset of hyperinflammation, a significant disability associated with COVID-19. Yet, important considerations for the development of safe and effective antiviral therapy with mTOR pathways exist.
    keywords: activation; activity; ampk; cell; complex; covid-19; mtor; mtorc1; pathways; protein; virus
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        item: #3134 of 5187
          id: cord-314111-bqmfmcfm
      author: Yazdanpanah, Yazdan
       title: Les antirétroviraux ont-ils une place dans le traitement du syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère ?
        date: 2006-01-31
       words: 1904
      flesch: 54
     summary: D'autres études fondées sur des schémas d'études plus robustes et un plus grand nombre de patients sont donc nécessaires. Le rationnel de l'utilisation des inhibiteurs d'entrée dans le traitement du SARS-CoV, utilisés plus tardivement que les IP et seulement in vitro, résulte de la découverte d'une similarité entre les séquences des acides aminés composant les domaines HR1 et HR2 de la gp 41 du VIH et la protéine de spicule de SARS-CoV
    keywords: dans; des; les; patients; sars; vih
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        item: #3135 of 5187
          id: cord-314124-yk4y0kea
      author: Tsou, Ian Y.
       title: Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in a paediatric cluster in Singapore
        date: 2003-08-20
       words: 1961
      flesch: 51
     summary: As such, a high index of suspicion is needed in the assessment and evaluation of SARS patients. key: cord-314124-yk4y0kea authors: Tsou, Ian Y.; Loh, Lik Eng; Kaw, Gregory J.; Chan, Irene; Chee, Thomas S. title: Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in a paediatric cluster in Singapore date: 2003-08-20 journal: Pediatr Radiol DOI: 10.1007/s00247-003-1042-2 sha: doc_id: 314124 cord_uid: yk4y0kea BACKGROUND: Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a major infectious disease pandemic that occurred in early 2003, and one of the diagnostic criteria is the presence of chest radiographic findings.
    keywords: children; radiographic; sars; syndrome
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        item: #3136 of 5187
          id: cord-314135-udce22id
      author: Geisslinger, Franz
       title: Cancer Patients Have a Higher Risk Regarding COVID-19–and Vice Versa?
        date: 2020-07-06
       words: 6426
      flesch: 40
     summary: UK COVID-19: Consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression Comorbidity and its impact on 1590 patients with COVID-19 in China: A nationwide analysis Likelihood of survival of coronavirus disease 2019 Virus induced inflammation and cancer development Understanding pathways to death in patients with COVID-19 COVID-19 infection in cancer patients: Early observations and unanswered questions Cancer patients in SARS-CoV-2 infection: A nationwide analysis in China Patients with cancer appear more vulnerable to SARS-COV-2: A multi-center study during the COVID-19 outbreak Analysis of the susceptibility of lung cancer patients to SARS-CoV-2 infection Respiratory Viral Infections in Patients With Cancer or Undergoing Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Varicella-zoster infection in adult cancer patients. International Collaborative Group How we treat patients with lung cancer during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: Primum non nocere Von Bergwelt-Baildon, M.S. Cytokine release syndrome Inflammatory mechanisms in the lung Key mechanisms governing resolution of lung inflammation Role of cytokines as a double-edged sword in sepsis Cytokine storm and sepsis disease pathogenesis Into the Eye of the Characteristics of lymphocyte subsets and cytokines in peripheral blood of 123 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) Dysregulation of Immune Response in Patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan Preventing COVID-19-induced pneumonia with anticytokine therapy Rational Use of Tocilizumab in the Treatment of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Immunity to viruses Transcriptomic characteristics of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and peripheral blood mononuclear cells in COVID-19 patients ACE2 as therapy for pulmonary arterial hypertension: The good outweighs the bad Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) in Disease Pathogenesis Angiotensin II revisited: New roles in inflammation, immunology and aging The Anti-Inflammatory Potential of ACE2/Angiotensin-(1-7)/Mas Receptor Axis: Evidence from Basic and Clinical Research Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 as a Therapeutic Target for Heart Failure SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor Structure of the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain bound to the ACE2 receptor Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as a SARS-CoV-2 receptor: Molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic target Clinical and biochemical indexes from 2019-nCoV infected patients linked to viral loads and lung injury COVID-19, ACE2, and the cardiovascular consequences COVID-19 and the cardiovascular system Differential Downregulation of ACE2 by the Spike Proteins of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus and Human Coronavirus NL63 A crucial role of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in SARS coronavirus-induced lung injury Inflammatory responses and inflammation-associated diseases in organs Inflammation and Cancer: Triggers, Mechanisms, and Consequences Immunological Approaches Towards Cancer and Inflammation: A Cross Talk Inflammation and Lung Cancer: Roles of Reactive Oxygen/Nitrogen Species Expression of elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in SARS-CoV-infected ACE2+ cells in SARS patients: Relation to the acute lung injury and pathogenesis of SARS † Oncoviruses Can Drive Cancer by Rewiring Signaling Pathways Through Interface Mimicry Inflammation-associated remodelling and fibrosis in the lung-A process and an end point Carcinogenesis on the background of liver fibrosis: Implications for the management of hepatocellular cancer Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and Lung Cancer: Mechanisms and Molecular Targets Histopathologic Changes and SARS-CoV-2 Immunostaining in the Lung of a Patient With COVID-19 Mechanical Ventilation-associated Lung Fibrosis in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Persistent infection of SARS coronavirus in colonic cells in vitro Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus persistence in Vero cells Persistent Replication of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus in Human Tubular Kidney Cells Selects for Adaptive Mutations in the Membrane Protein Persistence and clearance of viral RNA in 2019 novel coronavirus disease rehabilitation patients Human Genital Cancer: Synergism Between Two Virus Infections or Synergism Between a Virus Infection and Initiating Events? Harald zur Hausen-Facts Viral Oncology: Molecular Biology and Pathogenesis Hallmarks of Cancer:
    keywords: ace2; cancer; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; inflammation; patients; risk; sars; studies; virus
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        item: #3137 of 5187
          id: cord-314171-431buxxr
      author: Dariya, Begum
       title: Understanding novel COVID-19: its impact on organ failure and risk assessment for diabetic and cancer patients
        date: 2020-05-06
       words: 6905
      flesch: 47
     summary: Earlier research showed that about 6.7% of SARS patients possessed acute kidney injury (AKI), leading to a mortality of almost 91.7% Organizations around the world debated potential therapeutic strategies for treating COVID-19 patients and public health strategies.
    keywords: ace2; angiotensin; cells; clinical; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; host; patients; protein; r n; receptor; sars; virus
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        item: #3138 of 5187
          id: cord-314229-9k2dd95b
      author: Spaccaferri, G.
       title: Cas groupés d’infections au nouveau coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) aux Contamines-Montjoie, Haute-Savoie, janvier–février 2020
        date: 2020-09-30
       words: 1971
      flesch: 58
     summary: Matériels et méthodes Un cas possible était défini comme tout patient présentant des signes cliniques d’infection respiratoire aiguë et ayant un lien avec le cas index ou avec un cas confirmé lié à ce cas index ; un cas confirmé était un cas possible avec un prélèvement positif par RT-PCR à SARS-CoV-2. Introduction Peu de cas de COVID-19 chez des patients infectés par le VIH ont été rapportés dans la littérature.
    keywords: cas; des; les; ont; patients; une; été
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        item: #3139 of 5187
          id: cord-314311-xbpb9nfi
      author: Ge, Huipeng
       title: The epidemiology and clinical information about COVID-19
        date: 2020-04-14
       words: 5298
      flesch: 51
     summary: Isolating virus from urine of the patient with novel coronavirus pneumonia Pattern of early human-to-human transmission of Wuhan Preliminary estimation of the basic reproduction number of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in China, from 2019 to 2020: a datadriven analysis in the early phase of the outbreak Nowcasting and forecasting the potential domestic and international spread of the 2019-nCoV outbreak originating in Wuhan, China: a modelling study The reproductive number of COVID-19 is higher compared to SARS coronavirus An updated estimation of the risk of transmission of the novel coronavirus (2019-nCov) Middle East respiratory syndrome MERS coronavirus outbreak: implications for emerging viral infections MERS coronavirus induces apoptosis in kidney and lung by upregulating Smad7 and FGF2 First case of 2019 novel coronavirus in the United States CT imaging features of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). However, patients with SARS and MERS have more gastrointestinal involvement (about one-third) than COVID-19 patients [55] .
    keywords: china; clinical; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; human; ncov; novel; patients; pneumonia; sars; wuhan
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        item: #3140 of 5187
          id: cord-314321-klb8oe9q
      author: Chen, Serena H.
       title: Distinct Structural Flexibility within SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Reveals Potential Therapeutic Targets
        date: 2020-04-18
       words: 3176
      flesch: 46
     summary: Here, to obtain deeper insights into S protein structure for biological understanding and therapeutic targeting, we employ a combined molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and artificial intelligence (AI) methodology on a series of coronavirus S proteins. To better understand S protein structure
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; domain; fig; protein; protomer; sars; structures
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        item: #3141 of 5187
          id: cord-314333-hkyiy1gm
      author: Nagata, Noriyo
       title: Mouse-Passaged Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Associated Coronavirus Leads to Lethal Pulmonary Edema and Diffuse Alveolar Damage in Adult but Not Young Mice
        date: 2008-06-30
       words: 6935
      flesch: 45
     summary: However, intraperitoneal interferon-γ injection protected adult mice from the lethal respiratory illness. These results demonstrated that serial in vivo passage of SARS-CoV in mice increased the virulence of the virus, especially in adult mice.
    keywords: adult; adult mice; cov; day; days; infection; inoculation; lung; mice; musx; sars; veroe6; virus
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        item: #3142 of 5187
          id: cord-314369-o4nis91y
      author: Lopez-Lopes, G. I. S.
       title: Throat wash as a source of SARS-CoV-2 RNA to monitor community spread of COVID-19.
        date: 2020-08-01
       words: 3687
      flesch: 46
     summary: Among with cost, availability of reagents, equipment, specialized personnel and different logistic aspects that constrain RNA testing, one other limitation is sample collection. Limitations in PPE and safe areas for sample collection add to the current limitations.
    keywords: cases; collection; preprint; rna; sars; swabs
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        item: #3143 of 5187
          id: cord-314381-ltil9hwl
      author: Cheng, Cecilia
       title: The psychology behind the masks: Psychological responses to the severe acute respiratory syndrome outbreak in different regions
        date: 2004-03-11
       words: 2255
      flesch: 45
     summary: They found that compared to those who practiced SARS preventive behavior (i.e. the practicers), those who did not (i.e. the nonpracticers) were more prone to two types of social-cognitive biases: false consensus bias and the actor-observer bias. key: cord-314381-ltil9hwl authors: Cheng, Cecilia; Tang, Catherine So‐kum title: The psychology behind the masks: Psychological responses to the severe acute respiratory syndrome outbreak in different regions date: 2004-03-11 journal: Asian J Soc Psychol DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-839x.2004.00130.x sha: doc_id: 314381 cord_uid: ltil9hwl Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) was first reported in China, and spread to 29 regions, affecting over 8000 people worldwide.
    keywords: health; kong; outbreak; people; sars
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        item: #3144 of 5187
          id: cord-314386-cxq9v218
      author: Nitsche, Andreas
       title: SARS Coronavirus Detection
        date: 2004-07-17
       words: 1905
      flesch: 43
     summary: Case definition for surveillance of severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS Rapid diagnosis of a coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Variation of the sequence in the gene encoding for transmembrane protein M of canine coronavirus (CCV) Sequence comparison of porcine respiratory coronavirus isolates reveals heterogeneity in the S, 3, and 3-1 genes Comparative full-length genome sequence analysis of 14 SARS coronavirus isolates and common mutations associated with putative origins of infection The viruses and their replication Molecular evolution of the SARS coronavirus during the course of the SARS epidemic in China People's daily edited by ProMED-mail Wood L, questions about comparative genomics of SARS coronavirus isolates A guideline to reference gene selection for quantitative real-time PCR Canadian officials watch SARS-like mystery bug We thank Sabrina Wendt for excellent technical assistance, Ian M. Mackay for critically reading the manuscript, and Artus (Artus GmbH, Hamburg, Germany) for kindly providing the Real-Art HPA-Coronavirus LC RT PCR Reagents Kit. These patients were seropositive and are regarded as confirmed SARS patients.
    keywords: assays; cov; pcr; sars; time
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        item: #3145 of 5187
          id: cord-314439-ufeiv47z
      author: Barkan, Elad
       title: Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 Exit Strategies Building Blocks
        date: 2020-04-28
       words: 8610
      flesch: 56
     summary: Note we assume the measures are taken only while outside home, so household infection remains the same. We can decompose R 0 to contribution from household infections, and all the rest:R 0 =R HH +R Rest In this case, between day d and d+1: ɸ i d
    keywords: days; household; infection; isolation; measures; medrxiv; number; person; population; preprint; release
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        item: #3146 of 5187
          id: cord-314445-4cb4a9r5
      author: McNamara, Ryan P.
       title: High-density amplicon sequencing identifies community spread and ongoing evolution of SARS-CoV-2 in the Southern United States
        date: 2020-06-19
       words: 1966
      flesch: 27
     summary: Influenza Other Respir Viruses Structural basis of receptor recognition by SARS-CoV-2 GISAID: Global initiative on sharing all influenza data -from vision to 609 reality Prospects for inferring very large phylogenies by using the 612 neighbor-joining method Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Children -United States Rapid reconstruction of SARS-CoV-2 using a synthetic 619 genomics platform Aerosol and Surface Stability of SARS-CoV-622 2 as Compared with SARS-CoV-1 Emergence of genomic diversity and recurrent mutations in SARS-626 An outbreak of severe Kawasaki-like disease at the Italian epicentre of the SARS-629 CoV-2 epidemic: an observational cohort study Antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein Receptor Recognition by the Novel 635 Coronavirus from Wuhan: an Analysis Based on Decade-Long Structural Studies of SARS Coronavirus Receptor Recognition by the Novel 638 Coronavirus from Wuhan: an Analysis Based on Decade-Long Structural Studies of SARS Coronavirus. Coronavirus Susceptibility to the Antiviral Remdesivir (GS-5734) Is 496 Mediated by the Viral Polymerase and the Proofreading Exoribonuclease The proximal origin of 499 SARS-CoV-2 Presymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infections and Transmission in 502 a Skilled Nursing Facility SARS-CoV-2 viral spike G614 mutation exhibits higher case 504 fatality rate Covid-19 in Critically Ill Patients in the Seattle 507 Region -Case Series Genomic variance of the 2019-nCoV coronavirus Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in 512 China: a descriptive study Molecular evolution of the SARS coronavirus during the course of the 515 SARS epidemic in China Detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real-519 time RT-PCR The species 522 Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus: classifying 2019-nCoV and naming it SARS-523 Could the D614 G substitution in the 525 SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein be associated with higher COVID-19 mortality? Coast-to-Coast Spread of SARS-CoV-2 during the Early 529 Epidemic in the United States Phylogenetic network analysis of SARS-531 CoV-2 genomes Genomic epidemiology of hCoV-19 Characterization of the RNA 535 components of a putative molecular switch in the 3' untranslated region of the murine coronavirus 536 genome A live, 538 impaired-fidelity coronavirus vaccine protects in an aged, immunocompromised mouse model of 539 lethal disease Evaluation of a 541 recombination-resistant coronavirus as a broadly applicable Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China Nextstrain: real-time tracking of pathogen evolution Temporal dynamics in viral shedding and transmissibility of COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Transmission from 554 Presymptomatic Meeting Attendee Faster quantitative real-time PCR protocols may 557 lose sensitivity and show increased variability SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 561 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor MAFFT multiple sequence alignment software version 7: 564 improvements in performance and usability Infection and Rapid Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Ferrets Functional assessment of cell entry and receptor usage 573 for SARS-CoV-2 and other lineage B betacoronaviruses Early Transmission Dynamics in Wuhan, China, of Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia Efficiency clustering for low-density 579 microarrays and its application to QPCR Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in patients with COVID-19 Genomic Epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in Guangdong Province Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins 589 and receptor binding Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins 592 and receptor binding US CDC Real-Time Reverse Transcription PCR Panel for Detection of Severe 596 Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing 599 phylogenetic trees Burden of respiratory viral infection in persons with 603 human immunodeficiency virus.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; figure; novel; sars; u.s
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        item: #3147 of 5187
          id: cord-314451-mqnqjn0c
      author: Roberts, Anjeanette
       title: A Mouse-Adapted SARS-Coronavirus Causes Disease and Mortality in BALB/c Mice
        date: 2007-01-12
       words: 9876
      flesch: 44
     summary: Finally, and most importantly, MA15 virus infection of young BALB/c mice provides many elements that replicate observations in acute (and chronic) cases of SARS infection in humans, including sequence changes during adaptation in several genes (nsp 5, nsp 13, S, and M); viral replication and histopathological changes in lungs of infected animals; viremia; detection of vRNA in extrapulmonary sites, including the intestines; clinical indicators of illness, including mortality; and changes in blood counts, including lymphopenia and neutrophilia. Mice infected with MA15 virus die from an overwhelming viral infection with extensive, virally mediated destruction of pneumocytes, and ciliated epithelial cells.
    keywords: balb; cov; day; figure; infection; lethal; lungs; ma15; ma15 virus; mice; mutations; p.i; pcr; recombinant; sars; tcid; tissues; urbani; virus
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        item: #3148 of 5187
          id: cord-314489-e5r5s5ee
      author: Katsidzira, Leolin
       title: The SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Zimbabwe: Quo vadis?
        date: 2020-05-11
       words: 1950
      flesch: 50
     summary: A potential source of higher than anticipated mortality from COVID-19 disease in sub-Saharan Africa is the high burden of HIV infection [5] . Thus, it is reasonable to anticipate a much lower mortality from COVID-19 in sub-Saharan Africa, compared to Europe and North America, where there is a much larger proportion of older people.
    keywords: africa; covid-19; sars; zimbabwe
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        item: #3149 of 5187
          id: cord-314515-p40x3cxr
      author: NGAI, Jenny C.
       title: The long‐term impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome on pulmonary function, exercise capacity and health status
        date: 2010-03-19
       words: 3512
      flesch: 51
     summary: [39] Despite the absence of bronchiolitis in the imaging of SARS patients during the acute phase, air trapping was often present and persisted in the CT scanning of SARS survivors 6 months post-infection. A follow-up study of the lung function and the chest CT changes in medical staff with severe acute respiratory syndrome in Beijing Exercise capacity and pulmonary function in hospital workers recovered from severe acute respiratory syndrome Changes in pulmonary function in SARS patients during the three-year convalescent period A major outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) updated interim U.S. case definition Severe acute respiratory syndrome: report of treatment and outcome after a major outbreak Tests of scaling assumptions and construct validity of the Chinese (HK) version of the SF 36 health survey Population based norming of the Chinese (HK) version of the SF 36 health survey Standardization of spirometry, 1994 update Pulmonary function studies in healthy Chinese adults in Singapore Clinical usefulness of the single-breath pulmonary diffusing capacity test Updated spirometric reference values for adult Chinese in Hong Kong and implications on clinical utilization Reference values of diffusing capacity of non-smoking Chinese in Hong Kong Statement on respiratory muscle testing Comparison of two different mouthpieces for the measurement of Pimax and Pemax in normal and weak subjects Long-term assessment of lung function in survivors of severe ARDS Two year outcomes, health care use, and costs of survivors of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Pulmonary function and health-related quality of life in a sample of long-term survivors of the acute respiratory distress syndrome In defense of the carbon monoxide transfer coefficient KCO (TL/VA) Standardisation of the single-breath determination of carbon monoxide uptake in the lung Pulmonary sequelae in convalescent patients after severe acute respiratory syndrome: evaluation with thin-section CT Severe acute respiratory syndrome thin-section computed tomography features, temporal changes and clinical radiological correlation during the convalescent period Radiology of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): the emerging pathologic-radiologic correlates of an emerging disease Evolution of pulmonary pathology in severe acute respiratory syndrome Pulmonary pathological features in coronavirus associated severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Pulmonary pathology of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Toronto Neuromuscular disorders in severe acute respiratory syndrome Posttraumatic stress, anxiety, and depression in survivors of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Stress and psychological distress among SARS survivors 1 year after the outbreak The SARS-associated stigma of SARS victims in the post-SARS era of Hong Kong
    keywords: function; health; lung; months; patients; sars; survivors; syndrome
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        item: #3150 of 5187
          id: cord-314546-fbddxbhd
      author: Ko, Meehyun
       title: Comparative analysis of antiviral efficacy of FDA‐approved drugs against SARS‐CoV‐2 in human lung cells
        date: 2020-08-16
       words: 1352
      flesch: 35
     summary: A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin The species Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus: classifying 2019-nCoV and naming it SARS-CoV-2 Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro Identification of antiviral drug candidates against SARS-CoV-2 from FDA-approved drugs Cultured human airway epithelial cells (Calu-3): a model of human respiratory function, structure, and inflammatory responses Remdesivir potently inhibits SARS-CoV-2 in human lung cells and chimeric SARS-CoV expressing the SARS-CoV-2 RNA polymerase in mice Observational study of hydroxychloroquine in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 Effect of high vs low doses of chloroquine diphosphate as adjunctive therapy for patients hospitalized with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection A trial of lopinavir-ritonavir in adults hospitalized with severe COVID-19 Remdesivir for the treatment of COVID-19-preliminary report SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor Identification of nafamostat as a potent inhibitor of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus S protein-mediated membrane fusion using the split-protein-based cellcell fusion assay Simultaneous treatment of human bronchial epithelial cells with serine and cysteine protease inhibitors prevents severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus entry Incidence of thrombotic complications in critically ill ICU patients with COVID-19 Pulmonary embolism in COVID-19 patients: awareness of an increased prevalence Three cases of treatment with nafamostat in elderly patients with COVID-19 pneumonia who need oxygen therapy Nafamostat mesylate blocks activation of SARS-CoV-2: new treatment option for COVID-19 The anticoagulant nafamostat potently inhibits SARS-CoV-2 S protein-mediated fusion in a cell fusion assay system and viral infection in vitro in a cell-typedependent manner Comparative analysis of antiviral efficacy of FDA-approved drugs against SARS-CoV-2 in human lung cells Conception: WSR and SK. Since antiviral efficacy could be altered in different cell lines, we developed an antiviral screening assay with human lung cells, which is more appropriate than Vero cell.
    keywords: antiviral; cells; nafamostat; sars
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        item: #3151 of 5187
          id: cord-314572-1pou702r
      author: Lin, Ya-Hui
       title: Rational design of a synthetic mammalian riboswitch as a ligand-responsive -1 ribosomal frame-shifting stimulator
        date: 2016-10-14
       words: 7213
      flesch: 40
     summary: In addition, dual-luciferase based −1 PRF activity obtained from 293T cells transfected by Switch-1 containing reporter possessed a similar dosagedependent trend toward theophylline as that of the in vitro analysis, whereas cells transfected by Switch-1M1 reporter lost theophylline-dependency for −1 PRF activity ( Figure 4D ). The ligand-binding pocket of theophylline aptamer is composed of an internal-loop and an adjacent bulge with conserved key theophyllinecontact sequences distributed within the two motifs.
    keywords: activity; aptamer; binding; figure; ligand; prf; pseudoknot; rna; sars; stem; switch-1; theooff2; theophylline; −1 prf
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        item: #3152 of 5187
          id: cord-314574-3e6u4aza
      author: Tian, Xiaolong
       title: Potent binding of 2019 novel coronavirus spike protein by a SARS coronavirus-specific human monoclonal antibody
        date: 2020-02-17
       words: 1873
      flesch: 46
     summary: Genomic characterization of the 2019 novel human-pathogenic coronavirus isolated from a patient with atypical pneumonia after visiting Wuhan A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Potent cross-reactive neutralization of SARS coronavirus isolates by human monoclonal antibodies Human monoclonal antibody as prophylaxis for SARS coronavirus infection in ferrets. In previous studies, a number of potent monoclonal antibodies against SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) have been identified [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] .
    keywords: antibodies; ncov; rbd; sars
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        item: #3153 of 5187
          id: cord-314662-nem6dw34
      author: Nakra, Natasha A.
       title: Multi-System Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Review of Clinical Presentation, Hypothetical Pathogenesis, and Proposed Management
        date: 2020-07-01
       words: 5549
      flesch: 33
     summary: The epidemiology and pathogenesis of Kawasaki disease Association between a novel human coronavirus and Kawasaki disease The immunomodulatory effects of intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in Kawasaki disease Recognition of a Kawasaki disease shock syndrome Kawasaki disease: An unexpected etiology of shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome Kawasaki disease shock syndrome: Unique and severe subtype of Kawasaki disease Structure-based preliminary analysis of immunity and virulence of SARS coronavirus Toxic shock syndrome in children: Epidemiology, pathogenesis, and management Polyspecific intravenous immunoglobulin in clindamycin-treated patients with streptococcal toxic shock syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis Early differentiation of Kawasaki disease shock syndrome and toxic shock syndrome in a pediatric intensive care unit On the alert for cytokine storm: Immunopathology in COVID-19 Macrophage activation syndrome in the era of biologic therapy DNA viremia is associated with hyperferritinemia in pediatric sepsis Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and infections: An update Macrophage activation syndrome in the acute phase of Kawasaki disease Mutations in the perforin gene can be linked to macrophage activation syndrome in patients with systemic onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis Calm in the midst of cytokine storm: A collaborative approach to the diagnosis and treatment of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and macrophage activation syndrome Marked hyperferritinemia does not predict for HLH in the adult population HLH-2004: Diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines for hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis classification criteria for macrophage activation syndrome complicating systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis: A European league against rheumatism/American college of rheumatology/paediatric rheumatology international trials organisation collaborative initiative Performance of current guidelines for diagnosis of macrophage activation syndrome complicating systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis European consensus-based recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of Kawasaki disease-The SHARE initiative Prediction of intravenous immunoglobulin unresponsiveness in patients with Kawasaki disease Intravenous immunoglobulin plus corticosteroid to prevent coronary artery abnormalities in Kawasaki disease: A meta-analysis Efficacy of immunoglobulin plus prednisolone for prevention of coronary artery abnormalities in severe Kawasaki disease (RAISE study): A randomised, open-label, blinded-endpoints trial Usefulness and safety of anakinra in refractory Kawasaki disease complicated by coronary artery aneurysm Coronary-artery aneurysm in tocilizumab-treated children with Kawasaki's disease Long-term efficacy and safety of tocilizumab in giant cell arteritis and large vessel vasculitis Tocilizumab for cytokine storm syndrome in COVID-19 pneumonia: An increased risk for candidemia? As compared to other children with KD, patients with Kawasaki disease shock syndrome (KDSS) have higher band counts, lower platelet counts, lower hemoglobin levels, and higher C-reactive protein levels
    keywords: children; cov-2; disease; immune; infection; kawasaki; mis; patients; sars; syndrome; treatment
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        item: #3154 of 5187
          id: cord-314663-8cf0jci9
      author: Ampuero, M.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 Detection in Sewage in Santiago, Chile - Preliminary results.
        date: 2020-07-03
       words: 882
      flesch: 43
     summary: The goal of this study was to detect SARS-CoV-2 in sewage samples in Santiago, Chile. For this, sewage samples were obtained monthly between March to June 2020 from two WWTPs (La Farfana and El Trebal) which together process about 85% of wastewater generated in Santiago.
    keywords: preprint; sars; sewage
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        item: #3155 of 5187
          id: cord-314669-lvibjx97
      author: Shang, Guifang
       title: Theoretically estimated risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome transmission through blood transfusion during an epidemic in Shenzhen, Guangdong, China in 2003
        date: 2007-11-26
       words: 4047
      flesch: 49
     summary: We assumed that the possibility of SARS infection for the donors is the same as the whole eligible population. Because SARS occurred in 2002 and 2003 suddenly and disappeared quickly, however, data on SARS viremia prior to symptom onset is very rare.
    keywords: blood; cov; infection; onset; risk; sars; transmission
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        item: #3156 of 5187
          id: cord-314676-ndke9agh
      author: Gollapalli, Pavan
       title: Pathway enrichment analysis of virus-host interactome and prioritization of novel compounds targeting the spike glycoprotein receptor binding domain–human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 interface to combat SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-11-04
       words: 7133
      flesch: 42
     summary: Binding interactions of the S54 and the S55 ligand at the interface of the spike glycoprotein RBD-hACE2 complex after 300 ns MD simulations. For all amino acid residues except Ser375, RMSF is the lowest for the S55 ligand, followed by S54 ligand and the reference ligand, which corresponds to their decreasing binding affinities.
    keywords: binding; cov-2; et al; glycoprotein; glycoprotein rbd; hace2; interactions; ligand; network; rbd; receptor; s54; s55; sars; spike
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        item: #3157 of 5187
          id: cord-314679-lmfalzni
      author: Sangith, Nikhil
       title: Unique Fibrinogen-binding motifs in the Nucleocapsid Phosphoprotein of SARS CoV-2: Potential Implications in Host-Pathogen Interactions
        date: 2020-06-24
       words: 586
      flesch: 21
     summary: It is hypothesized that having protein interaction motifs that are homologous to these S. aureus proteins, the N-protein of this virus can mimic their functions, which may in turn play a crucial role in formation of blood clots in the host and help the virus evade host immune response. key: cord-314679-lmfalzni authors: Sangith, Nikhil; Diagnotek, Xact title: Unique Fibrinogen-binding motifs in the Nucleocapsid Phosphoprotein of SARS CoV-2: Potential Implications in Host-Pathogen Interactions date: 2020-06-24 journal:
    keywords: fibrinogen; host
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        item: #3158 of 5187
          id: cord-314687-kyj6etnc
      author: Gunalan, Vithiagaran
       title: A putative diacidic motif in the SARS-CoV ORF6 protein influences its subcellular localization and suppression of expression of co-transfected expression constructs
        date: 2011-10-25
       words: 4929
      flesch: 40
     summary: As the difference between wildtype ORF6 and ORF6A53-56 was subtle, a more quantitative approach to assay nsp8 expression was deemed necessary. When titrated against increasing amounts of ORF6 protein, the flag-tagged GST protein was also observed by Western Blotting to show reduced levels of expression in a dose-dependent manner ( Figure 1B) .
    keywords: cells; expression; nsp8; orf6; protein; sars; vero
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        item: #3159 of 5187
          id: cord-314694-g0pes5o3
      author: Cortiula, F.
       title: Managing COVID-19 in the oncology clinic and avoiding the distraction effect
        date: 2020-03-19
       words: 1164
      flesch: 42
     summary: Nosocomial infections in patients with cancer Features of postoperative immune suppression are reversible with interferon gamma and independent of interleukin-6 pathways Myeloid suppressor cells in cancer and autoimmunity Cancer patients in SARS-CoV-2 infection: a nationwide analysis in China Risk of COVID-19 for patients with cancer On the origin and continuing evolution of SARS-CoV-2 surveillance are required to detect possible cases before they can lead to transmission, and the reservoir for the virus must be limited to humans. key: cord-314694-g0pes5o3 authors: Cortiula, F.; Pettke, A.; Bartoletti, M.; Puglisi, F.; Helleday, T. title: Managing COVID-19 in the oncology clinic and avoiding the distraction effect date: 2020-03-19 journal: Ann Oncol DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.03.286 sha: doc_id: 314694 cord_uid: g0pes5o3 nan The safety and management of cancer patients in the current severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak is urgent and most cancer clinics need to establish a contingency plan.
    keywords: cancer; cov-2; covid-19; patients
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        item: #3160 of 5187
          id: cord-314714-ehxxvenb
      author: Pang, Xiaocong
       title: Recombinant human ACE2: potential therapeutics of SARS-CoV-2 infection and its complication
        date: 2020-06-24
       words: 1226
      flesch: 30
     summary: Currently, phase I (NCT00886353) and phase II (NCT01597635) clinical studies with a recombinant version of the catalytic ectodomain of human ACE2 (GSK2586881) have been successfully completed, providing safety and efficacy for ARDS treatment [25, 26] . key: cord-314714-ehxxvenb authors: Pang, Xiaocong; Cui, Yimin; Zhu, Yizhun title: Recombinant human ACE2: potential therapeutics of SARS-CoV-2 infection and its complication date: 2020-06-24 journal: Acta Pharmacol Sin DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-0430-6 sha: doc_id: 314714 cord_uid: ehxxvenb nan cardiovascular disease through modulating ACE2 activation and expression to increase Ang 1-7 production and improve vascular function [17] .
    keywords: ace2; ang; rhace2; sars
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        item: #3161 of 5187
          id: cord-314734-ai0hz4uq
      author: Hung, Ivan Fan-Ngai
       title: SARS-CoV-2 shedding and seroconversion among passengers quarantined after disembarking a cruise ship: a case series
        date: 2020-06-12
       words: 4603
      flesch: 50
     summary: The nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR median viral load was higher in symptomatic patients than in asymptomatic patients (7·62 log 10 copies per mL vs 3·86 log 10 copies per mL). Despite the positive clinical findings, six of the nine patients remained asymptomatic throughout the 14-day quarantine after leaving the ship (ratio of symptomatic to asymptomatic patients 1:2).
    keywords: asymptomatic; cov-2; cruise; infection; passengers; patients; sars; ship
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        item: #3162 of 5187
          id: cord-314746-1o0rf0ii
      author: Bergasa-Caceres, Fernando
       title: Interdiction of Protein Folding for Therapeutic Drug Development in SARS CoV-2
        date: 2020-08-10
       words: 5040
      flesch: 47
     summary: The proposed strategy is based on a drug binding to the contact location, thereby aiming to prevent protein folding. This therapeutic drug development strategy based on folding interdiction of target regions (FITRs) is similar to an earlier proposal to develop drugs to interfere in protein folding.
    keywords: acids; amino; contact; cov-2; domain; folding; loop; protein; sars; scm; structure
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        item: #3163 of 5187
          id: cord-314793-kb319t4c
      author: Borroni, Barbara
       title: Diaphragmatic myoclonus due to SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-10-22
       words: 1642
      flesch: 42
     summary: key: cord-314793-kb319t4c authors: Borroni, Barbara; Gazzina, Stefano; Dono, Fedele; Mazzoleni, Valentina; Liberini, Paolo; Carrarini, Claudia; Russo, Mirella; Pontolillo, Michela; Vecchiet, Jacopo; Onofrj, M.; Bonanni, Laura title: Diaphragmatic myoclonus due to SARS-CoV-2 infection date: 2020-10-22 journal: Neurol Sci DOI: 10.1007/s10072-020-04766-y sha: doc_id: 314793 cord_uid: kb319t4c A wide range of neurological signs and symptoms have been associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. In the present report, we described two Italian patients diagnosed with diaphragmatic myoclonus after COVID-19.
    keywords: cases; infection; myoclonus; sars; virus
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        item: #3164 of 5187
          id: cord-314796-bek92zs9
      author: Hartung, Hans-Peter
       title: COVID-19 and management of neuroimmunological disorders
        date: 2020-05-22
       words: 1316
      flesch: 31
     summary: Whether MS increases the risk of contracting COVID-19 or COVID-19 increases MS disease activity is unclear. If a patient receiving ocrelizumab contracts COVID-19, delay of subsequent ocrelizumab infusions might be appropriate.
    keywords: cells; covid-19; disease; risk
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        item: #3165 of 5187
          id: cord-314798-n6oofe3i
      author: Stall, N. M.
       title: Sex-specific differences in COVID-19 testing, cases and outcomes: a population-wide study in Ontario, Canada
        date: 2020-05-06
       words: 1022
      flesch: 49
     summary: 1 During the two previous coronavirus epidemics, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), male sex was associated with worse clinical outcomes. In age-adjusted analyses, male sex .
    keywords: covid-19; sars; sex
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        item: #3166 of 5187
          id: cord-314822-lmoc0xwi
      author: Flegel, Willy A.
       title: CoVID‐19 insights from transfusion medicine
        date: 2020-07-08
       words: 1748
      flesch: 42
     summary: 5 The first analyses of patients with CoVID-19 in Wuhan, China did not report a substantial need for blood transfusion. Which comorbidities are predisposing to blood transfusion and severity of viral disease?
    keywords: blood; covid-19; patients; plasma; transfusion
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        item: #3167 of 5187
          id: cord-314833-6fue84x6
      author: Chang, Chung-ke
       title: The SARS coronavirus nucleocapsid protein – Forms and functions
        date: 2014-01-11
       words: 9469
      flesch: 38
     summary: Although the model provided a general overview of coronavirus N protein structure at the time, it lacked the necessary details to provide a clear picture of the structure-function relationship of the protein. There have been several excellent reviews on the coronavirus N protein (Laude and Masters, 1995; Masters, 2006) , including one on SARS-CoV N protein (Surjit and Lal, 2008) .
    keywords: binding; coronavirus; cov; cov n; crystal; ctd; domain; et al; interaction; n protein; ntd; nucleic; nucleocapsid; protein; rna; rnp; sars; structure
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        item: #3168 of 5187
          id: cord-314880-0cfq52hn
      author: Meireles, Pedro Antunes
       title: Acalculous Acute Pancreatitis in a COVID-19 Patient
        date: 2020-05-13
       words: 809
      flesch: 39
     summary: ACE2 expression in pancreas may cause pancreas damage after SARS-CoV-2 infection Pancreatic injury patterns in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia Acute pancreatitis in a COVID-19 patient Binding of SARS coronavirus to its receptor damages islets and causes acute diabetes The authors report a case of acute pancreatitis in a COVID-19 patient, highlighting the importance of considering SARS-CoV-2 as a new aetiological agent of acute viral pancreatitis. Future studies must address the real impact of pancreatic involvement in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: acute; covid-19; pancreatitis
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        item: #3169 of 5187
          id: cord-314901-b18vy7dc
      author: Ali, Elrazi
       title: A Case of Fulminant Liver Failure in a 24-Year-Old Man with Coinfection with Hepatitis B Virus and SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-10-13
       words: 2171
      flesch: 43
     summary: However, for severe liver injury, there are no clear guidelines, and management is based on an individualized approach [10] . Ultrasound of the abdomen did not show features of chronic liver disease.
    keywords: cov-2; disease; hepatitis; infection; liver; sars
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        item: #3170 of 5187
          id: cord-314926-4bltio08
      author: Ha, Le Dang
       title: Lack of SARS Transmission among Public Hospital Workers, Vietnam
        date: 2004-02-17
       words: 2099
      flesch: 44
     summary: Hospital A nursing staff likely also had longer and closer contact with SARS patients. Families of SARS patients in hospital B were observed by authors (K.C.L., N.Q.H.) to be feeding, bathing, and toileting the patients.
    keywords: hospital; patients; sars; transmission; workers
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        item: #3171 of 5187
          id: cord-314932-edf9xjwr
      author: Yan, Junqiang
       title: Research Progress of Drug Treatment in Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia
        date: 2020-05-13
       words: 2989
      flesch: 33
     summary: In addition to being controlled through effective isolation, we need a rapid response from the healthcare and biotechnology industries to accelerate drug treatment research. By reviewing the currently available literature published at home and abroad, we summarize the current research progress of drug treatment during the epidemic period.
    keywords: coronavirus; interferon; ncov; novel; pneumonia; research; studies; treatment
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        item: #3172 of 5187
          id: cord-314933-wq1xo0z0
      author: Zores, Florian
       title: COVID and the Renin-Angiotensin System: Are Hypertension or Its Treatments Deleterious?
        date: 2020-04-23
       words: 3167
      flesch: 37
     summary: ACEi and ARB upregulate ACE2 expression on the cell surface, and ACE2 activity is not prevented by ACEi (8, 11, 18) . In human failing heart, ACE2 expression is increased, correlating with disease severity, and is thought to be a compensatory mechanism (8, 10).
    keywords: ace2; acei; angii; angiotensin; at1r; patients; sars
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        item: #3173 of 5187
          id: cord-314937-jrxu65bl
      author: Kuwelker, K.
       title: High attack rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection through household-transmission: a prospective study
        date: 2020-11-04
       words: 5882
      flesch: 50
     summary: key: cord-314937-jrxu65bl authors: Kuwelker, K.; Zhou, F.; Blomberg, B.; Lartey, S.; Brokstad, K. A.; Trieu, M. C.; Madsen, A.; Krammer, F.; Mohn, K. G. I.; Toendel, C.; Linchausen, D. W.; Cox, R. J.; Langeland, N. title: High attack rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection through household-transmission: a prospective study date: 2020-11-04 journal: nan DOI: 10.1101/2020.11.02.20224485 sha: doc_id: 314937 cord_uid: jrxu65bl Background: Household attack rates of SARS-CoV-2 ranging from 7% to 38% have been reported, using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of respiratory samples. Currently, there are only two other studies that have estimated household attack rates based on seropositivity, 37·4% in Spain (7) and 35% in Brazil (22).
    keywords: attack; cases; cov-2; household; medrxiv; members; pcr; preprint; sars
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        item: #3174 of 5187
          id: cord-314942-eym2rh8v
      author: El Tabaa, Manar Mohammed
       title: New putative insights into neprilysin (NEP)-dependent pharmacotherapeutic role of roflumilast in treating COVID-19
        date: 2020-10-01
       words: 7654
      flesch: 28
     summary: Therefore, elevating cAMP 477 level within the pulmonary tissue, vascular and inflammatory cells can provide an 478 efficient anti-inflammatory action (Li et al., 2018) . As such, the newly 611 drug developing strategies are being directed to improve the therapeutic index of 612 Great efforts have been made to limit the gastrointestinal adverse reactions and to 614 provide a better benefit (Li et al., 2018) .
    keywords: angiotensin; anti; camp; cells; covid-19; endothelial; et al; il-6; inflammation; nep; patients; pulmonary; roflumilast; role; sars
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        item: #3175 of 5187
          id: cord-314947-fy1lqk00
      author: WU, Xiao Dong
       title: The spike protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is cleaved in virus infected Vero-E6 cells
        date: 2004-10-17
       words: 3925
      flesch: 51
     summary: Since the cleavage of S protein may be critical for the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV infectivity, the generated anti-S1 and S2 antibodies would allow us to study the interaction between S1 and S2 proteins and their functions. The S, S1, S2 proteins were purified by Model 422 Electro-Eluter (Bio-rad) while E protein was purified by Glutathione Sepharose 4B (Amersham Biosciences) and 3CL proteinase and N protein were purified by Ni-column.
    keywords: antibodies; cells; coronavirus; cov; protein; sars; spike
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        item: #3176 of 5187
          id: cord-314948-7tnrfk24
      author: Borrás, A
       title: Pandemia del SARS-CoV-2 y reproducción asistida
        date: 2020-06-19
       words: 5420
      flesch: 38
     summary: El máximo nivel de expresión de ACE2 se registra en individuos de 30 años, situación que se muestra revertida en los testículos de hombres de 60 años, dado que se observa el nivel más bajo de expresión de ACE2 32,33 . En el caso de criopreservación de tejidos reproductores (tejido ovárico y testicular) se recomienda la utilización de tanques criogénicos específicos, independientemente del resultado del cribado y/o de las pruebas de cribado inmunológico a los pacientes.
    keywords: 2020; ace2; asistida; como; con; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; cribado; células; del; enfermedad; entre; expresión; infección; las; los; más; pacientes; pandemia; para; parte; por; presencia; que; recomendaciones; reproducción; sars; semen; sobre; también; testicular; una; virus
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        item: #3177 of 5187
          id: cord-314960-f4hj35dr
      author: Kissler, Stephen M
       title: Projecting the transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 through the post-pandemic period
        date: 2020-03-06
       words: 6257
      flesch: 43
     summary: 4 betacoronaviruses can induce immune responses against one another: SARS infection can generate neutralizing antibodies against HCoV-OC43 (15) and HCoV-OC43 infection can generate cross-reactive antibodies against SARS (16) . The time course of the immune response to experimental coronavirus infection of man Crossreactive antibodies in convalescent SARS patients' sera against the emerging novel human coronavirus EMC (2012) by both immunofluorescent and neutralizing antibody tests An outbreak of human coronavirus OC43 infection and serological cross-reactivity with SARS coronavirus.
    keywords: cov-2; hcov; immunity; license; medrxiv; medrxiv preprint; oc43; preprint; sars
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        item: #3178 of 5187
          id: cord-315046-ltmuw6f8
      author: Li, Keying
       title: SARS‐CoV‐2 infection‐induced immune responses: friends or foes?
        date: 2020-05-23
       words: 3402
      flesch: 37
     summary: T cell immune responses are specific and can memorize the pathogens, playing an important role in fighting the virus. All rights reserved SARS-CoV-2-induced respiratory distress syndrome may involve deranged innate immune effector molecule production, abnormal elevation of inflammatory immune cells and cytokine storms.
    keywords: article; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; infection; patients; sars
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        item: #3179 of 5187
          id: cord-315056-ohyb6oa0
      author: Xu, Juanjuan
       title: Clinical characteristics and outcomes of severe or critical COVID-19 patients presenting no respiratory symptoms or fever at onset
        date: 2020-10-29
       words: 4431
      flesch: 48
     summary: Due to the varied range of atypical symptoms in COVID-19 patients, it is difficult to diagnose atypical COVID-19 patients simply according to symptoms. key: cord-315056-ohyb6oa0 authors: Xu, Juanjuan; Yin, Zhengrong; Liu, Yu; Wang, Sufei; Duan, Limin; An, Yi; Fan, Jinshuo; Liao, Tingting; Jin, Yang; Chen, Jianguo title: Clinical characteristics and outcomes of severe or critical COVID-19 patients presenting no respiratory symptoms or fever at onset date: 2020-10-29 journal: Engineering (Beijing) DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.09.009 sha: doc_id: 315056 cord_uid: ohyb6oa0 It is difficult to identify suspected cases of atypical patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and data on severe or critical patients are scanty.
    keywords: admission; china; coronavirus; covid-19; fever; patients; sars; study; symptoms
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        item: #3180 of 5187
          id: cord-315058-t7bq4yqw
      author: Brand, Samuel P C
       title: Forecasting the scale of the COVID-19 epidemic in Kenya
        date: 2020-04-14
       words: 7572
      flesch: 42
     summary: We recreate this invisible period of spread by assuming that there have been five generations of undetected transmission in Nairobi before the first set of Kenyan symptomatic cases are determined. Therefore, we inferred agedependent symptomatic rates, using the age distribution of confirmed COVID-19 symptomatic cases in China, for a range of values of the relative infectiousness of asymptomatics to symptomatic infected individuals.
    keywords: age; cases; cov-2; covid-19; epidemic; kenya; license; preprint; rate; sars; transmission
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        item: #3181 of 5187
          id: cord-315064-2mgv9j6n
      author: Escher, Felicitas
       title: Detection of viral SARS‐CoV‐2 genomes and histopathological changes in endomyocardial biopsies
        date: 2020-06-12
       words: 3821
      flesch: 43
     summary: Nevertheless, SARS CoV-2 can potentially bind to its cellular ACE2 receptor in heart tissue cells and can therefore be detected in the heart muscle. If SARS CoV-2 can replicate in these target cells of the heart, this has to be investigated in subsequent analysis.
    keywords: cells; cov-2; covid-19; detection; embs; heart; infection; myocarditis; patients; sars
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        item: #3182 of 5187
          id: cord-315085-rucfowvv
      author: Sekulic, Miroslav
       title: Molecular Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in FFPE Samples and Histopathologic Findings in Fatal SARS-CoV-2 Cases
        date: 2020-05-26
       words: 5033
      flesch: 40
     summary: Sequencing of viral RNA from FFPE lung tissue from the case 1 autopsy showed mutations most consistent with a subset of the Western European Clade A2a (C3037T, C14408T, A23403G), 16 with mutations enriched in New York State A2a cases (C1059T and G25563T). Lung tissue samples from 2 non-SARS-CoV-2 patients with DAD were run as controls and were negative.
    keywords: acute; case; cov-2; findings; heart; image; infection; lung; patient; postmortem; rna; sars
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        item: #3183 of 5187
          id: cord-315129-p31vm79o
      author: Bock, Jens-Ole
       title: Re-analysis of SARS-CoV-2-infected host cell proteomics time-course data by impact pathway analysis and network analysis: a potential link with inflammatory response
        date: 2020-06-23
       words: 3559
      flesch: 40
     summary: key: cord-315129-p31vm79o authors: Bock, Jens-Ole; Ortea, Ignacio title: Re-analysis of SARS-CoV-2-infected host cell proteomics time-course data by impact pathway analysis and network analysis: a potential link with inflammatory response date: 2020-06-23 journal: Aging (Albany NY) DOI: 10.18632/aging.103524 sha: doc_id: 315129 cord_uid: p31vm79o Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by an outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Wuhan, China, has led to an unprecedented health and economic crisis worldwide. Here, we use the publicly available proteomics data from this study to re-analyze the in vitro cellular consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection by impact pathways analysis and network analysis.
    keywords: ace2; analysis; cov-2; covid-19; infection; pathway; proteins; sars
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        item: #3184 of 5187
          id: cord-315152-v3l33up6
      author: Figlerowicz, Magdalena
       title: First case of convalescent plasma transfusion in a child with COVID-19-associated severe aplastic anemia
        date: 2020-07-01
       words: 1708
      flesch: 52
     summary: Immunoprofile of white blood cells in a six-year-old girl with COVID-19-associated aplastic anemia in weeks 3 and 4. week 4 WBC total 10 3 /µl (4.00-12.00) 1.53 1.64 Neutrocytes % (25-60) Table 2 : WBC -white blood cells, NKnatural killer A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China Epidemiology of COVID-19 among children in China SARS-CoV-2 infection in children Coronavirus infection in children including COVID-19: An overview of the epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and prevention option in children Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children during the COVID-19 pandemic: a case series Covid-19: consider cytokine storm syndrome and immunosuppression Treatment of patients with nonsevere and severe coronavirus disease 2019: an evidence-based guideline Effectiveness of convalescent plasma therapy in severe COVID-19 patients COVID-19-associated immune thrombocytopenia The epidemiology of acquired aplastic anemia Here, we present a case of using a J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f convalescent plasma transfusion as a therapeutic method for severe pediatric COVID-19associated aplastic anemia.
    keywords: children; cov-2; covid-19; sars
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        item: #3185 of 5187
          id: cord-315181-emf4i6ir
      author: Ryoo, Nayoung
       title: Coping with Dementia in the Middle of the COVID-19 Pandemic
        date: 2020-10-27
       words: 7142
      flesch: 33
     summary: However, current research report anosmia alone or in combination of parageusia among COVID-19 patients while they showed no significant nasal congestion or rhinorrhea as influenza or rhinovirus. This cytokine storm also triggers embolic cerebrovascular accidents, 14 and Li et al. 28 claims that hypercoagulable status of COVID-19 patients can lead to blood clots in both cerebral arteries and cerebral veins causing stroke and cerebral venous thrombosis.
    keywords: brain; care; coronavirus; covid-19; delirium; dementia; dementia patients; disease; health; home; infection; pandemic; patients; symptoms
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        item: #3186 of 5187
          id: cord-315193-z6v6s46n
      author: Adhikari, Nilanjan
       title: Structural Insight Into the Viral 3C-Like Protease Inhibitors: Comparative SAR/QSAR Approaches
        date: 2017-07-14
       words: 9980
      flesch: 52
     summary: Three noncanonical M pro cleavage sites are observed in SARS coronavirus polyproteins having Val, Met, or Phe amino acid residues at P2 position whereas the same cleavage site is found dissimilar in other coronaviruses. Short hairpin RNA (shRNA) may be useful to target the N gene sequence of SARS coronavirus and to inhibit shRNA of SARS-CoV antigen expression (Tao et al., 2005; Zhai et al., 2007) .
    keywords: 3cl; activity; compounds; cov; et al; inhibitors; model; pro; protease; qsar; sars; table
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        item: #3187 of 5187
          id: cord-315198-v4ay9kwg
      author: Siddiqui, Ruqaiyyah
       title: SARS-CoV-2: The Increasing Importance of Water Filtration against Highly Pathogenic Microbes
        date: 2020-08-13
       words: 1413
      flesch: 39
     summary: Water filters have been used traditionally and effectively in eradicating bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and other parasites. The use of tap water filters should be encouraged to remove pathogenic microbes coupled with restrained or cautious nasal irrigation (not forcing water inside nostrils vigorously) during ritual ablution or bathing to evade dangerous consequences for those communities residing in the developing nations.
    keywords: cov-2; sars; wastewater; water
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        item: #3188 of 5187
          id: cord-315278-iv2zj67t
      author: Moazzam, Zorays
       title: Intussusception in an infant as a manifestation of COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-20
       words: 2170
      flesch: 46
     summary: Viral shedding in COVID-19 patients primarily occurs through nasal secretions, however, a fecooral route of transmission has also been postulated. Intussusception is the most common cause of bowel obstruction in infants, with up to 30% of pediatric intussusception cases having a preceding viral illness.
    keywords: children; cov-2; covid-19; intussusception; sars
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        item: #3189 of 5187
          id: cord-315283-xwan2t1u
      author: Ooi, Setthasorn Zhi Yang
       title: Impact of SARS-CoV-2 virus pandemic on the future of cadaveric dissection anatomical teaching
        date: 2020-09-15
       words: 798
      flesch: 43
     summary: What does this mean for medical students at schools who traditionally teach anatomy through cadaveric dissections? As cadavers are often known to be the first 'silent teacher' to medical students, this is usually the first encounter for students to understand and appreciate the importance of medical professionalism, ethics, and confidentiality.
    keywords: cadaveric; medical
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        item: #3190 of 5187
          id: cord-315288-fcx4q6mp
      author: Hussain, Mohammed Hassan
       title: Tracheal swab from front of neck airway for SARS-CoV-2; a bronchial foreign body
        date: 2020-08-27
       words: 1570
      flesch: 57
     summary: The National Tracheostomy Safety Project's statement on considerations for trachestomy reiterates that tracheal aspirates are preferable to mucosal swabs but does not outline when tracheal aspirates should be taken. ► Mucosal tracheal swab through a tracheostomy tube carries an increased risk and appropriately designed sampling devices, which among else would be radiopaque, should be used.
    keywords: cov-2; sars; swab; tracheostomy
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        item: #3191 of 5187
          id: cord-315289-4x229n8n
      author: Foresta, C.
       title: Gender susceptibility to COVID-19: a review of the putative role of sex hormones and X chromosome
        date: 2020-09-16
       words: 3422
      flesch: 34
     summary: On the left, the main mechanisms involved in reduced COVID-19 severity and mortality in women are proposed: (a) ACE2 methylation (M, orange dot) is reduced in women, resulting in higher ACE2 expression; (b) ACE2 is located on the X chromosome, which in females is present in two copies, in a region of the short arm where 15-30% of genes undergoes X inactivation Escape (XiE); (c) estrogens, produced by the ovary, promote ACE2 expression. ACE2 gene expression in nasal epithelium increases with age [14] , but gender differences are not consistent [15] [16] [17] .
    keywords: ace2; angiotensin; covid-19; expression; infection; men; sars; tmprss2; women
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        item: #3192 of 5187
          id: cord-315328-8g40ukml
      author: Clementi, Nicola
       title: Interferon-β-1a Inhibition of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome–Coronavirus 2 In Vitro When Administered After Virus Infection
        date: 2020-06-19
       words: 2282
      flesch: 40
     summary: a comparative review of open-label studies evaluating the efficacy, safety, or dosing of different interferon beta formulations alone or in combination Treatment of SARS with human interferons Type 1 interferons as a potential treatment against COVID-19 Interferon-β 1a and SARS coronavirus replication Exacerbated innate host response to SARS-CoV in aged non-human primates Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus replication is severely impaired by MG132 due to proteasome-independent inhibition of M-calpain Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus is inhibited by interferon-α Interferon-a2b treatment for Antiviral activities of type I interferons to SARS-CoV-2 infection Recombinant leukocyte A interferon: Cell supernatants collected 48 and 72 hours after infection from different cells treated with all drug concentrations were analyzed using RT-PCR.
    keywords: cells; cov-2; ifn; infection; sars; β-1a
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        item: #3193 of 5187
          id: cord-315337-vgi91uzg
      author: Mizutani, Tetsuya
       title: Characterization of Persistent SARS-CoV Infection in Vero E6 Cells
        date: 2006
       words: 916
      flesch: 42
     summary: Here, we reported a possible mechanism of the establishment of persistent SARS-CoV infection in Vero E6 cells (Fig. 2) . Previously, we concluded that a population of cells produced from parental Vero E6 cells had the potential to support persistent infection, and that acute infection caused by a major population of seed virus was necessary for persistent infection.
    keywords: cells; infection; sars
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        item: #3194 of 5187
          id: cord-315339-dcui85lw
      author: Broadbent, Andrew J.
       title: Respiratory Virus Vaccines
        date: 2015-03-13
       words: 28291
      flesch: 26
     summary: Type I interferons keep activated T cells alive A SARS DNA vaccine induces neutralizing antibody and cellular immune responses in healthy adults in a phase I clinical trial Antigenic structure of the human respiratory syncytial virus G glycoprotein and relevance of hypermutation events for the generation of antigenic variants The inflammasome: a molecular platform triggering activation of inflammatory caspases and processing of proIL-beta Subcellular localization of Toll-like receptor 3 in human dendritic cells The functional heterogeneity of type 1 effector T cells in response to infection is related to the potential for IFNgamma production AS03-adjuvanted versus non-adjuvanted inactivated trivalent influenza vaccine against seasonal influenza in elderly people Regulation of IgA synthesis and immune response by T cells and interleukins Innate immune control and regulation of influenza virus infections IL-15 trans-presentation by pulmonary dendritic cells promotes effector CD8 T cell survival during influenza virus infection Host DNA released in response to aluminum adjuvant enhances MHC class II-mediated antigen presentation and prolongs CD4 T-cell interactions with dendritic cells Memory CD4 + T cells protect against influenza through multiple synergizing mechanisms Structure of respiratory syncytial virus fusion glycoprotein in the postfusion conformation reveals preservation of neutralizing epitopes The human cytotoxic T cell response to influenza A vaccination Adaptive strategies of the influenza virus polymerase for replication in humans Live attenuated influenza vaccine induces cross-reactive antibody responses in children against an a/Fujian/411/2002-like H3N2 antigenic variant strain Immunoglobulin A (IgA): molecular and cellular interactions involved in IgA biosynthesis and immune response Intestinal IgA: novel views on its function in the defence of the largest mucosal surface The influence of HIV infection on antibody responses to a two-dose regimen of influenza vaccine Human genetic factors and respiratory syncytial virus disease severity Oral immunization with influenza virus in biodegradable microspheres Human immune responses to influenza virus vaccines administered by systemic or mucosal routes Respiratory syncytial virus synergizes with Th2 cytokines to induce optimal levels of TARC/CCL17 Comparative efficacy of inactivated and live attenuated influenza vaccines Naive CD4(+) T cell frequency varies for different epitopes and predicts repertoire diversity and response magnitude ISCOM, a delivery system for parenteral and mucosal vaccination Adjuvant system AS03 containing alpha-tocopherol modulates innate immune response and leads to improved adaptive immunity H5N1 influenza vaccine formulated with AS03 A induces strong crossreactive and polyfunctional CD4 T-cell responses Roles of CD4 + T-cell-independent and -dependent antibody responses in the control of influenza virus infection: evidence for noncognate CD4 + T-cell activities that enhance the therapeutic activity of antiviral antibodies Antigenicity and immunogenicity of equine influenza vaccines containing a carbomer adjuvant The molecular basis of the pathogenicity of the Dutch highly pathogenic human influenza A H7N7 viruses Formalin-inactivated respiratory syncytial virus vaccine induces antibodies to the fusion glycoprotein that are deficient in fusion-inhibiting activity Association of serum anti-neuraminidase antibody with resistance to influenza in man Pathological study of archival lung tissues from five fatal cases of avian H5N1 influenza in Vietnam Systems biology of vaccination for seasonal influenza in humans Alum-adjuvanted H5N1 whole virion inactivated vaccine (WIV) induced IgG1 and IgG4 antibody responses in young children Mucosal vaccines: the promise and the challenge Influenza virus-infected epithelial cells present viral antigens to antigen-specific CD8 + cytotoxic T lymphocytes Gamma interferon is not required for mucosal cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses or heterosubtypic immunity to influenza A virus infection in mice Heterosubtypic immunity to influenza A virus infection requires B cells but not CD8 + cytotoxic T lymphocytes Heterosubtypic immunity to influenza A virus infection requires a properly diversified antibody repertoire A novel M cell-specific carbohydrate-targeted mucosal vaccine effectively induces antigenspecific immune responses A 39-kDa protein on activated helper T cells binds CD40 and transduces the signal for cognate activation of B cells Endogenous naive CD8 + T cell precursor frequency regulates primary and memory responses to infection Vaccination strategies for mucosal immune responses Recent developments in adjuvants for vaccines against infectious diseases Prevention of antigenically drifted influenza by inactivated and live attenuated vaccines Prevention of symptomatic seasonal influenza in 2005-2006 by inactivated and live attenuated vaccines Caspase-1, caspase-8, and calpain are dispensable for IL-33 release by macrophages A common neutralizing epitope conserved between the hemagglutinins of influenza A virus H1 and H2 strains Protection against the mouse-adapted A/FM/1/47 strain of influenza A virus in mice by a monoclonal antibody with cross-neutralizing activity among H1 and H2 strains Efficacy and effectiveness of influenza vaccines: a systematic review and metaanalysis Effect of priming with H1N1 influenza viruses of variable antigenic distances on challenge with 2009 pandemic H1N1 virus Orthomyxoviridae: the viruses and their replication The majority of studies evaluating respiratory virus vaccines measure serum antibody responses, because, although both cellular and humoral responses contribute to the clearance of a primary infection, neutralizing antibodies are known to protect against secondary infection.
    keywords: addition; antibodies; antibody; antibody responses; antigen; cd4; cd8; cell responses; cells; challenge; children; disease; et al; host; human; iga; immune; immunity; infection; influenza; influenza infection; influenza vaccines; influenza virus; live; mice; mucosal; protection; protein; replication; responses; rsv; sars; serum; specific; syncytial; t cells; tract; type; vaccination; vaccine; virus; virus infection; virus vaccine; viruses
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        item: #3195 of 5187
          id: cord-315388-8sv00zqz
      author: Ghosh, Ritwik
       title: Famotidine against SARS-CoV2: A hope or hype?
        date: 2020-06-06
       words: 1101
      flesch: 31
     summary: It has been documented that famotidine completely demolishes H2R mediated negative effects on cytokine production, especially tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interferon-γ) Cardiac failure and arrhythmias have also been reported with high doses of intravenous famotidine administration [19] .
    keywords: effects; famotidine; histamine; immune; virus
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        item: #3196 of 5187
          id: cord-315411-11mq8wll
      author: Rahman, Mohammad Azizur
       title: Neurobiochemical Cross-talk Between COVID-19 and Alzheimer’s Disease
        date: 2020-10-19
       words: 4127
      flesch: 38
     summary: CNS manifestations in about 25% of COVID-19 patients have been reported [3] . Plasma proteomics profiling also identified IL-6 among the most perturbed proteins in COVID-19 patients and marked as an indicator of disease severity [24] .
    keywords: alzheimer; cholinergic; cov-2; covid-19; disease; il-6; memory; patients; receptor; sars; system
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        item: #3197 of 5187
          id: cord-315415-3aotsb2g
      author: Dong, Jianbo
       title: Development of humanized tri-specific nanobodies with potent neutralization for SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-10-20
       words: 7214
      flesch: 49
     summary: In this study we used computer-aided design to construct multi-specific VHH antibodies fused to human IgG1 Fc domains based on the epitope predictions for leading VHHs. Our selected VHH binders in tri-specific antibodies possibly cover both of these regions (Fig. 5 ).
    keywords: ace2; antibodies; antibody; binding; cov-2; fcs; fig; group; rbd; sars; vhh; vhhs
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        item: #3198 of 5187
          id: cord-315424-i3nnennw
      author: Willer, Brittany L.
       title: The otolaryngologist’s and anesthesiologist’s collaborative role in a pandemic: a large quaternary pediatric center’s experience with COVID-19 preparation and simulation
        date: 2020-06-10
       words: 2608
      flesch: 31
     summary: Since both the pediatric otolaryngologist and anesthesiologist are directly involved in emergency airway interventions, both specialties impact the safety of caring for COVID-19 patients and are a part of overall hospital pandemic preparedness. The following guidelines were developed as pathways for escalating airway expertise in COVID-19 patients: Once the anesthesiology team arrives, they assume all airway responsibilities and determine who remains in the room during endotracheal intubation.
    keywords: airway; covid-19; management; pandemic; patients; pediatric; team
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        item: #3199 of 5187
          id: cord-315440-he7sm7nj
      author: Wassie, Gizachew Tadesse
       title: Incubation period of SARS-CoV-2: A systematic review and meta-analysis
        date: 2020-10-11
       words: 3760
      flesch: 43
     summary: Sampling, data collection, reliability and validity of study tools, case definition, and study periods were assessed. key: cord-315440-he7sm7nj authors: Wassie, Gizachew Tadesse; Azene, Abebaw Gedef; Bantie, Getasew Mulat; Dessie, Getenet; Aragaw, Abiba Mihret title: Incubation period of SARS-CoV-2: A systematic review and meta-analysis date: 2020-10-11 journal: Curr Ther Res Clin Exp DOI: 10.1016/j.curtheres.2020.100607 sha: doc_id: 315440 cord_uid: he7sm7nj Background: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has currently become a major global public health problem.
    keywords: analysis; cov-2; covid-19; days; incubation; incubation period; period; sars; studies
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        item: #3200 of 5187
          id: cord-315448-bosazmlm
      author: Crawford, Katharine H D
       title: Dynamics of neutralizing antibody titers in the months after SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-09-30
       words: 3882
      flesch: 46
     summary: key: cord-315448-bosazmlm authors: Crawford, Katharine H D; Dingens, Adam S; Eguia, Rachel; Wolf, Caitlin R; Wilcox, Naomi; Logue, Jennifer K; Shuey, Kiel; Casto, Amanda M; Fiala, Brooke; Wrenn, Samuel; Pettie, Deleah; King, Neil P; Greninger, Alexander L; Chu, Helen Y; Bloom, Jesse D title: Dynamics of neutralizing antibody titers in the months after SARS-CoV-2 infection date: 2020-09-30 journal: J Infect Dis DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa618 sha: doc_id: 315448 cord_uid: bosazmlm Most individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 develop neutralizing antibodies that target the viral spike protein. This decline in neutralizing antibody titers was accompanied by a decline in total antibodies capable of binding the viral spike or its receptor-binding domain.
    keywords: antibody; cov-2; individuals; neutralizing; sars; titers
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        item: #3201 of 5187
          id: cord-315453-mbv8vb2r
      author: Jean, Shio-Shin
       title: Old and re-purposed drugs for the treatment of COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-01
       words: 3470
      flesch: 32
     summary: This article summarizes old drugs that could be potentially re-purposed for COVID-19 treatment. It was recommended for COVID-19 treatment by the National Health Commission and State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the 7th edition of their report, 'Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Diagnosis and Treatment Plan'
    keywords: clinical; coronavirus; covid-19; drugs; efficacy; hydroxychloroquine; patients; sars; treatment
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        item: #3202 of 5187
          id: cord-315462-u2dj79yw
      author: Hewitt, Judith A.
       title: ACTIVating Resources for the COVID-19 Pandemic: In vivo Models for Vaccines and Therapeutics
        date: 2020-10-01
       words: 8974
      flesch: 35
     summary: Ferrets are considered good models for respiratory diseases as the physiology of their lung and airways are close to humans and they have been used extensively to model disease caused by many respiratory viruses including influenza (Thangavel and Bouvier, 2014) , RSV (Stittelaar et al., 2016) and SARS-CoV (van den Brand et al., 2008) . It bears emphasizing that mouse models that are not available from public repositories or commercial vendors cannot be scaled effectively to meet the high demand for animals and supply the high throughput needs of the community.
    keywords: ace2; animal; biorxiv; cov-2; covid-19; disease; et al; hamsters; human; infection; macaques; mice; models; mouse; sars; studies; vaccines; virus
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        item: #3203 of 5187
          id: cord-315465-u3zq9k5j
      author: de Jesus, Myrela Conceição Santos
       title: Family COVID-19 cluster analysis of an infant without respiratory symptoms
        date: 2020-08-26
       words: 1864
      flesch: 48
     summary: We report here the case of a child with COVID-19 whose main presentation comprised gastrointestinal symptoms without respiratory symptoms. Half of children may have gastrointestinal symptoms in the absence of respiratory symptoms 4 .
    keywords: child; covid-19; results; sars; symptoms
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        item: #3204 of 5187
          id: cord-315498-gpzee1f2
      author: Parkinson, N.
       title: Systematic review and meta-analysis identifies potential host therapeutic targets in COVID-19.
        date: 2020-09-01
       words: 4968
      flesch: 38
     summary: Results from identified studies, in the form of lists of implicated host factor genes, were combined using meta-analysis by information content (MAIC), 3 an approach we previously developed to identify host genes necessary for Influenza A virus (IAV) replication. We identified limited overlap of our gene list with host genes implicated in ARDS (innate immune and inflammation genes) and Influenza A virus infection (RNA-binding and ribosome-associated genes).
    keywords: analysis; covid-19; data; genes; host; license; list; maic; preprint; protein; sars; studies
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        item: #3205 of 5187
          id: cord-315556-84rgd2s9
      author: Pilotto, A.
       title: Steroid-responsive severe encephalopathy in SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-04-17
       words: 2337
      flesch: 41
     summary: Another important aspect is the hyperinflammation state secondary to COVID-19 infection, with massive release of cytokines and chemokines that could alter the permeability of blood-brain barrier (BBB). This hypothesis better fit with the short time relationship with COVID-19 infection and with the prompt response to steroid treatment.
    keywords: acquisition; covid-19; data; manuscript; medrxiv; preprint
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        item: #3206 of 5187
          id: cord-315576-bgcqkz0p
      author: Yamamoto, Naoki
       title: Apparent difference in fatalities between Central Europe and East Asia due to SARS-COV-2 and COVID-19: Four hypotheses for possible explanation
        date: 2020-08-05
       words: 6125
      flesch: 47
     summary: Although the weight of this habit in preventing virus infection is not clear at this moment, this difference indicates that Asians very clearly distinguish between outdoor and indoor in daily life. However, 21 our hypothesis suffers from the lack of analogous data available in other viral infections.
    keywords: asia; coronavirus; countries; cov-2; covid-19; east; europe; infection; number; people; sars; virus
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        item: #3207 of 5187
          id: cord-315585-bjij8ds7
      author: Wee, Liang En
       title: Respiratory surveillance wards as a strategy to reduce nosocomial transmission of COVID-19 through early detection: The experience of a tertiary-care hospital in Singapore
        date: 2020-05-08
       words: 3973
      flesch: 45
     summary: The average age of admitted patients was 68 years (SD, 17.49). CONCLUSIONS: Our institution successfully utilized the strategy of an RSW over a 6-week period to contain a cluster of COVID-19 cases and to prevent patient–HCW transmission.
    keywords: cases; covid-19; patients; rsw; sars; testing; transmission
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        item: #3208 of 5187
          id: cord-315598-qwh72inx
      author: Mendoza, Jose Luis Accini
       title: ACTUALIZACION DE LA DECLARACIÓN DE CONSENSO EN MEDICINA CRITICA PARA LA ATENCIÓN MULTIDISCIPLINARIA DEL PACIENTE CON SOSPECHA O CONFIRMACIÓN DIAGNÓSTICA DE COVID-19
        date: 2020-10-06
       words: 69660
      flesch: 31
     summary: y los que tienen menos probabilidades de beneficiarse (él «demasiado enfermo»), no prestan suficiente atención a las diferencias entre grupos en términos de la duración de los cuidados intensivos necesarios para lograr resultados. Se recomienda aplicar la escala SOFA al menos cada 48 horas sumado al criterio de fragilidad y años de vida saludables salvados estos criterios podrían ser válidos en pacientes con fallo terapéutico a las medidas óptimas y orientar decisiones de deescalamiento de medidas y de nivel de complejidad de atención cuando la demanda potencial supera la oferta (capacidad y capacidades), estas decisiones deben ser tomadas idealmente en junta médica.
    keywords: 2019; 2020; acuerdo con; acute; además de; aguda; alto; amci; analysis; análisis de; asociado con; aumento de; bajo; calidad de; care; casos de; clinical; clínica; clínica de; clínicos; comité de; como el; como la; como los; como se; como una; compromiso; con covid-19; con el; con enfermedad; con hipoxemia; con infección; con la; con los; con mayor; con neumonía; con que; con sars; con sdra; con sospecha; con su; con un; condiciones de; considerar la; contar con; contra; control; coronavirus; cov-2; criterios de; crítico con; cual se; cuando se; cuenta la; de acuerdo; de aerosoles; de alta; de amci; de atención; de baja; de cada; de contaminación; de coronavirus; de covid-19; de cuidados; de de; de dificultad; de enfermedad; de esta; de estos; de estudios; de falla; de forma; de hcq; de hipoxemia; de il-6; de infección; de ingreso; de intubación; de la; de los; de manera; de marzo; de menor; de oxígeno; de pacientes; de protección; de salud; de ser; de soporte; de su; de tórax; de un; de ventilación; de vida; deben; del; del virus; dentro; desde el; después de; diagnóstico de; disease; disminución de; disminuir el; disponibilidad de; distress; donde; dosis; dosis de; duración de; durante la; días; días de; el consentimiento; el cual; el de; el diagnóstico; el día; el estudio; el grupo; el inicio; el manejo; el momento; el más; el nivel; el número; el paciente; el pronóstico; el riesgo; el sars; el tiempo; el traslado; el uso; elevación de; embargo; en china; en contra; en cuenta; en el; en este; en la; en los; en salud; en su; en uci; en un; entre el; entre la; entre los; es una; estado de; este; estrategia de; está; evidencia de; evitar la; fin de; final de; fue de; fuera de; fueron; grupo de; hasta el; horas; infección por; inicio de; intensive; la administración; la capacidad; la cual; la decisión; la disponibilidad; la enfermedad; la evidencia; la falla; la hcq; la hipoxemia; la infección; la intubación; la mortalidad; la oxigenación; la pandemia; la presencia; la presión; la relación; la respuesta; la salud; la seguridad; la terapia; la toma; la uci; la utilización; la valoración; la vida; la vía; las; los casos; los cuales; los días; los estudios; los síntomas; luego de; manejo de; mayor; mayoría de; mecánica; medición de; medidas de; mejorar la; mejoría; menor; más de; necesidad de; nivel de; niveles; número de; o por; o se; objetivo de; otros; pacientes con; pacientes covid-19; pacientes críticos; pacientes que; pacientes y; para el; para la; para los; para pacientes; para que; para sars; para su; parte de; patients; pcr; pero; personal de; plasma; por covid-19; por el; por la; por los; por sars; por un; posibilidad de; presión; protocolo de; pueden; pulmonar; punto de; que; que el; que la; que los; que puede; que se; que una; realización de; realizar; recomendación se; recomienda la; recomienda que; reducción de; renal; respiratoria; resultados; retiro de; review; riesgo de; salud y; sars; se debe; se han; se puede; se recomienda; según la; ser; severa; severidad de; shock; si el; si la; si se; sin; sobre el; sobre la; son de; sospecha de; syndrome; síndrome de; tasa de; tener; tener en; teniendo en; tiempo de; tipo de; todos los; tormenta de; trabajadores de; tratamiento de; treatment; uci y; un estudio; un paciente; una; unidad de; uso de; utilizar; ventilation; viral; y al; y cols; y como; y con; y de; y el; y en; y es; y la; y los; y para; y por; y puede; y que; y se; y su; y una
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        item: #3209 of 5187
          id: cord-315604-a6fvsd45
      author: Maurya, Santosh K.
       title: Virtual screening, ADME/T, and binding free energy analysis of anti-viral, anti-protease, and anti-infectious compounds against NSP10/NSP16 methyltransferase and main protease of SARS CoV-2
        date: 2020-06-01
       words: 3228
      flesch: 47
     summary: A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China Coronaviruses -drug discovery and therapeutic options Coronavirus infections-more than just the common cold From SARS to MERS: crystallographic studies on coronaviral proteases enable antiviral drug design Coronavirus main proteinase (3CLpro) structure: basis for design of anti-SARS drugs a-Ketoamides as broad-spectrum inhibitors of coronavirus and enterovirus replication: Structurebased design, synthesis, and activity assessment Coronavirus NSP10/NSP16 methyltransferase can be targeted by nsp10-derived peptide in vitro and in vivo to reduce replication and pathogenesis Structural; physicochemical; biochemical; pharmacokinetics and toxicity properties of compound Prediction of the SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV) 3C-like protease (3CL pro) structure: virtual screening reveals velpatasvir, ledipasvir, and other drug repurposing candidates Short peptides derived from the interaction domain of SARS coronavirus nonstructural protein NSP10 can suppress the 2'-O-methyltransferase activity of nsp10/nsp16 complex RIG-I-mediated antiviral responses to single-stranded RNA bearing 5'-phosphates Virtual screening and repurposing of FDA approved drugs against COVID-19 main protease The VSGB 2.0 model: a next generation energy model for high resolution protein structure modeling Prediction of drug solubility from structure Experimental and computational approaches to estimate solubility and permeability in drug discovery and development settings Hydroxychloroquine, a less toxic derivative of chloroquine, is effective in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro Novel potent inhibitors of Plasmodium vivax dihydrofolate reductase: an in silico antimalarial drug discovery. key: cord-315604-a6fvsd45 authors: Maurya, Santosh K.; Maurya, Akhilesh Kumar; Mishra, Nidhi; Siddique, Hifzur R. title: Virtual screening, ADME/T, and binding free energy analysis of anti-viral, anti-protease, and anti-infectious compounds against NSP10/NSP16 methyltransferase and main protease of SARS CoV-2 date: 2020-06-01 journal: J Recept Signal Transduct Res DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2020.1772298 sha: doc_id: 315604 cord_uid: a6fvsd45 Recently, a pathogen has been identified as a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) and found to trigger novel pneumonia (COVID-19) in human beings and some other mammals.
    keywords: compounds; cov-2; docking; energy; ligands; methyltransferase; nsp10; protease; sars
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        item: #3210 of 5187
          id: cord-315611-xbj41ekc
      author: Ahmad, Mohammed
       title: Prediction of Small Molecule Inhibitors Targeting the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase
        date: 2020-07-14
       words: 5088
      flesch: 41
     summary: Directing Coronavirus RNA Synthesis and Processing The RNA Polymerase Activity of SARS-Coronavirus Nsp12 Is Primer Dependent De Novo Initiation of RNA Synthesis by the Arterivirus RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase The SARS-Coronavirus Nsp7+nsp8 Complex Is a Unique Multimeric RNA Polymerase Capable of Both de Novo Initiation and Primer Extension The Structure of the RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase from Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Establishes the Role of GTP in de Novo Initiation Insights into SARS-CoV Transcription and Replication from the Structure of the Nsp7-Nsp8 Hexadecamer Nonstructural Proteins 7 and 8 of Feline Coronavirus Form a 2:1 Heterotrimer That Exhibits Primer-Independent RNA Polymerase Activity Structure of the SARS-CoV Nsp12 Polymerase Bound to Nsp7 and Nsp8 Co-Factors Crystal Structure of the Dengue Virus RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase Catalytic Domain at 1.85-Angstrom Resolution Crystal Structure of the RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase from Hepatitis C Virus Reveals a Fully Encircled Active Site Non-Nucleoside Inhibitors Binding to Hepatitis C Virus NS5B Polymerase Reveal a Novel Mechanism of Inhibition Crystal Structures of the RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase Genotype 2a of Hepatitis C Virus Reveal Two Conformations and Suggest Mechanisms of Inhibition by Non-Nucleoside Inhibitors Structural Basis for Active Site Closure by the Poliovirus RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase Requirements for De Novo Initiation of RNA Synthesis by Recombinant Flaviviral RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerases De Novo Initiation of RNA Synthesis by the RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase (NS5B) of Hepatitis C Virus Structures of EV71 RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase in Complex with Substrate and Analogue Provide a Drug Target against the Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease Pandemic in China Structural Basis for Proteolysis-Dependent Activation of the Poliovirus RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase RNA Synthesis in a Cage -Structural Studies of Reovirus Polymerase Λ3 RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase of Japanese Encephalitis Virus Binds the Initiator Nucleotide GTP to Form a Mechanistically Important Pre-Initiation State Conservative Transcription in Three Steps Visualized in a Double-Stranded RNA Virus A Mechanism for Initiating RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerization Structural Basis for the Inhibition of the RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase from SARS-CoV-2 by Remdesivir Mechanism of Hepatitis C Virus RNA Polymerase Inhibition with Dihydroxypyrimidines Non-nucleoside Analogue Inhibitors Bind to an Allosteric Site on HCV NS5B Polymerase Benzimidazole Derivatives Bearing Substituted Biphenyls as Hepatitis C Virus NS5B RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase Inhibitors: Structure-Activity Relationship Studies and Identification of a Potent and Highly Selective Inhibitor JTK-109 Inhibition of RNA Binding to Hepatitis C Virus RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase: A New Mechanism for Antiviral Intervention NS5B RNA Dependent RNA Polymerase Inhibitors: The Promising Approach to Treat Hepatitis C Virus Infections Sofosbuvir, a NS5B Polymerase Inhibitor in the Treatment of Hepatitis C: Additionally, there is a significant rise in the accessible surface area of the GTPbound complex, suggesting that the RdRp assumes an open conformation following the binding of GTP, possible assuming a preinitiation state in order to accommodate the incoming template and/or the primer RNA molecule.
    keywords: binding; complex; cov2; figure; gtp; inhibitors; initiation; molecule; rdrp; rna; rna polymerase; sars; site; structure
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        item: #3211 of 5187
          id: cord-315617-mhm9wh9q
      author: Gottschalk, René
       title: Bioterrorism: is it a real threat?
        date: 2004-09-02
       words: 3328
      flesch: 38
     summary: Efforts are underway to develop refined methods for assessing the suitability of biological agents as bioweapons [6] . Public health assessment of potential biological terrorism agents The best defence against bioweapons has already been invented by evolution Preparedness and response to bioterrorism Bacillus anthracis incident EMEA/CPMP guidance document on use of medicinal products for treatment and prophylaxis of biological agents that might be used as weapons of bioterrorism.
    keywords: agents; anthrax; attack; bioterrorism; health; new; public; smallpox; virus
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        item: #3212 of 5187
          id: cord-315632-29x6l5yh
      author: Rali, Aniket S
       title: High-flow Nasal Cannula Oxygenation Revisited in COVID-19
        date: 2020-04-21
       words: 1105
      flesch: 36
     summary: Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Clinical findings in a group of patients infected with the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2) outside of Wuhan, China: retrospective case series Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study Beneficial effects of humidified high flow nasal oxygen in critical care patients: a prospective pilot study Physiologic effects of highflow nasal cannula in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure The effects of flow on airway pressure during nasal high-flow oxygen therapy Pressures delivered by nasal high flow oxygen during all phases of the respiratory cycle Clinical management of severe acute respiratory infection when novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection is suspected: interim guidance. One potential concern that has been raised about the use of HFNCO in COVID-19 patients is that it could aerosolise the respiratory tract pathogen.
    keywords: flow; hfnco; icu; patients
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        item: #3213 of 5187
          id: cord-315637-7td617dm
      author: Rothe, M.
       title: A systematic review of mask disinfection and reuse for SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-11-12
       words: 3851
      flesch: 41
     summary: Herein, we describe results from 58 mask disinfection and reuse studies, where the majority of data were collected using N95 masks. However, results show it is possible to achieve >3 log reduction of SARS-CoV-2 using appropriate concentrations and contact times of chemical (ethanol, hydrogen peroxide, peracetic acid), radiation (PX-UV, UVGI), and thermal (autoclaving, heat) disinfection on N95 masks.
    keywords: disinfection; heat; log; masks; n95; reuse; tests
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        item: #3214 of 5187
          id: cord-315641-bzfrd7xj
      author: Abenavoli, Fabio Massimo
       title: Plastic Surgery in the Age of Coronavirus
        date: 2020-06-16
       words: 2991
      flesch: 47
     summary: However, little attention was paid to the conclusions that should have been drawn about how to assist new patients during the emergency situation. 35 Within a few days, even the pavilions of the 2015 Milan World Exposition were partially transformed into a large resuscitation facility for thousands of new patients.
    keywords: 2019; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; health; italy; novel; patients
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        item: #3215 of 5187
          id: cord-315652-hct9yh3n
      author: Wehbe, Zena
       title: Molecular Insights Into SARS COV-2 Interaction With Cardiovascular Disease: Role of RAAS and MAPK Signaling
        date: 2020-06-03
       words: 6574
      flesch: 27
     summary: When administered with ACEI or ARBs, the effect of SGLT-2 inhibitors will shunt the RAAS activation towards ACE2 (Kawanami et al., 2017) , thus significantly increasing the beneficial effects of Ag(1-7) leading a vasodilatory, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidative effect in the heart and kidneys. On the other hand, ACE2 internalization was shown to be dependent on heterodimerization with AT 1 -R and subsequent activation of AT 1 -R with AngII (Deshotels et al., 2014) .
    keywords: ace2; angiotensin; cardiac; cardiovascular; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; cvd; et al; expression; infection; mapk; pathways; patients; risk; sars
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        item: #3216 of 5187
          id: cord-315656-asvf4roo
      author: Wu, Junjiao
       title: Revisiting the Immune Balance Theory: A Neurological Insight Into the Epidemic of COVID-19 and Its Alike
        date: 2020-10-15
       words: 5947
      flesch: 25
     summary: Studies have shown that increased numbers of pro-inflammatory cytokines (such as IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, IFN-γ, IP10, and MCP1) in the serum of severe SARS patients are associated with lung inflammation and extensive lung injury (46) . Although fever and pneumonia are typical symptoms, COVID-19 patients exhibit multiple neurological complications.
    keywords: ace2; brain; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; cytokine; disease; infection; patients; potential; sars; system
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        item: #3217 of 5187
          id: cord-315666-ngozukzj
      author: Altundag, Aytug
       title: Olfactory Cleft Measurements and COVID-19–Related Anosmia
        date: 2020-10-13
       words: 4297
      flesch: 46
     summary: OD in COVID-19 patients was initially assessed using a 4-item odor identification test. Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China Otolaryngology providers must be alert for patients with mild and asymptomatic COVID-19 Anosmia and ageusia: common findings in COVID-19 patients Olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions as a clinical presentation of mild-tomoderate forms of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a multicenter European study The prevalence of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis More than smell-COVID-19 is associated with severe impairment of smell, taste, and chemesthesis Position paper on olfactory dysfunction Prognosis of postviral olfactory loss: follow-up study for longer than one year Comparison of COVID-19 and common cold chemosensory dysfunction Sinonasal pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19: a systematic review of the current evidence Olfactory cleft width and volume: possible risk factors for postinfectious olfactory dysfunction Sniffin' sticks': olfactory performance assessed by the combined testing of odor identification, odor discrimination and olfactory threshold Multicenter investigation of 1,036 subjects using a standardized method for the assessment of olfactory function combining tests of odor identification, odor discrimination, and olfactory thresholds Sticks: a new olfactory test battery Normative data for the 'Sniffin' Sticks' including tests of odor identification, odor discrimination, and olfactory thresholds: an upgrade based on a group of more than 3,000 subjects The applicability of the 'Sniffin' Sticks' olfactory test in a Turkish population Age-related differences in olfactory cleft volume in adults: a computational volumetric study Reliability of the supraorbital ethmoid cell vs Keros classification in predicting the course of the anterior ethmoid artery Central nervous system involvement in COVID-19 Towards treatment planning of COVID-19: rationale and hypothesis for the use of multiple immunosuppressive agents: anti-antibodies, immunoglobulins, and corticosteroids Anosmia: a missing link in the neuroimmunology of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
    keywords: anosmia; covid-19; group; olfactory; patients; sars; study; test
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        item: #3218 of 5187
          id: cord-315685-ute3dxwu
      author: Ehaideb, Salleh N.
       title: Evidence of a wide gap between COVID-19 in humans and animal models: a systematic review
        date: 2020-10-06
       words: 5553
      flesch: 45
     summary: key: cord-315685-ute3dxwu authors: Ehaideb, Salleh N.; Abdullah, Mashan L.; Abuyassin, Bisher; Bouchama, Abderrezak title: Evidence of a wide gap between COVID-19 in humans and animal models: a systematic review date: 2020-10-06 journal: Crit Care DOI: 10.1186/s13054-020-03304-8 sha: doc_id: 315685 cord_uid: ute3dxwu BACKGROUND: Animal models of COVID-19 have been rapidly reported after the start of the pandemic. Inclusion criteria were the establishment of animal models of COVID-19 as an endpoint.
    keywords: animal; cov-2; covid-19; human; lung; mice; models; response; sars; studies; virus
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        item: #3219 of 5187
          id: cord-315696-43wmazxa
      author: Marinaki, Smaragdi
       title: A Systematic Review of COVID-19 Infection in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Universal Effort to Preserve Patients’ Lives and Allografts
        date: 2020-09-16
       words: 6026
      flesch: 40
     summary: Initial report from the US epicenter Infection in solid-organ transplant recipients COVID-19 in kidney transplant recipients A single center observational study of the clinical characteristics and short-term outcome of 20 kidney transplant patients admitted for SARS-CoV2 pneumonia Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) in Kidney and Liver Transplant Patients: A Single-Center Experience Interleukin-6 receptor antagonist therapy to treat SARS-CoV-2 driven inflammatory syndrome in a kidney transplant recipient Threatening drug-drug interaction in a kidney transplant patient with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) A catabolic state in a kidney transplant recipient with COVID-19 Immunosuppressive therapy maintenance in a kidney transplant recipient with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia: A case report A familial cluster, including a kidney transplant recipient Coronavirus disease 2019 in renal transplant recipients: Report of two cases COVID-19) in a Renal Transplant Patient Fatal SARS-CoV-2 infection in a renal transplant recipient COVID-19 pneumonia in a kidney transplant recipient successfully treated with tocilizumab and hydroxychloroquine COVID-19 in kidney transplant recipients Case report of COVID-19 in a kidney transplant recipient: Does immunosuppression alter the clinical presentation? Should cyclosporine be useful in renal transplant recipients affected by SARS-CoV-2? SARS-CoV-2 infection in kidney transplant recipients:
    keywords: case; covid-19; disease; infection; kidney; ktx; outcomes; patients; recipients; renal; transplant; transplantation
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        item: #3220 of 5187
          id: cord-315715-xa6kwguo
      author: None
       title: cord-315715-xa6kwguo
        date: None
       words: 3709
      flesch: 39
     summary: We have previously shown that the S1/S2 site can be modeled in other CoV S proteins and it appears to organize as a flexible exposed loop that extends from the S structure and suggest it could be easily accessible for proteolytic activation (Jaimes et al., 2020). This feature suggests that the S1/S2 loop in 2019-nCoV S could be more exposed for proteolytic processing by host cell proteases.
    keywords: 2019; coronavirus; cov; ncov; protein; sars; site
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        item: #3221 of 5187
          id: cord-315730-fzgxuak7
      author: Penman, Sophie L.
       title: Safety perspectives on presently considered drugs for the treatment of COVID‐19
        date: 2020-07-17
       words: 12087
      flesch: 30
     summary: As such, it is likely that many of the AEs observed in the Ebola study will translate to COVID-19 patients treated with remdesivir. However, a recent study found that only 4.1 % of COVID-19 patients receiving remdesivir treatment suffered serious (grade 3 or 4) transaminase elevations, with there being no significant difference between the remdesivir-and placebo-treated groups (Beigel et al., 2020) .
    keywords: anakinra; arthritis; baricitinib; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; covid-19 patients; disease; dose; drug; et al; hydroxychloroquine; ifn; infection; liver; patients; potential; remdesivir; rheumatoid; risk; safety; sars; study; tocilizumab; treatment; trial; use
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        item: #3222 of 5187
          id: cord-315754-dq2empne
      author: Hasan, Anwarul
       title: A review on the cleavage priming of the spike protein on coronavirus by angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 and furin
        date: 2020-04-22
       words: 4672
      flesch: 37
     summary: The COVID-19 spreads much more easily than the SARS virus and infecting easily the people have been already infected with SARS Lai et al., 2020; Liu et al., 2020) . Scientist have pointed out that among several targets, the SP as fusogenic envelope glycoprotein of SARS CoV, is a promising site for treatment of infectious diseases (Li et al., 2018; Licitra et al., 2013) .
    keywords: coronavirus; cov; cov-2; et al; furin; protein; sars; site; spike
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        item: #3223 of 5187
          id: cord-315756-g6g34uvh
      author: Danchin, A.
       title: Immunity after COVID-19: protection or sensitization ?
        date: 2020-05-23
       words: 4283
      flesch: 54
     summary: wheref = k f k π k ,d = k d k f k /f .
    keywords: age; class; covid-19; epidemic; infection
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        item: #3224 of 5187
          id: cord-315760-9g8901v6
      author: Teng, Xufei
       title: Compositional Variability and Mutation Spectra of Monophyletic SARS-CoV-2 Clades
        date: 2020-08-30
       words: 3539
      flesch: 42
     summary: Another notion is that higher MAF within-271 clade mutations (such as MAF>0.2) are mostly non-synonymous mutations, indicating 272 selection at work ( Figure S4 ). Coronaviruses lacking 600 exoribonuclease activity are susceptible to lethal mutagenesis: evidence for proofreading and 601 potential therapeutics Rampant C-->U Hypermutation in the Genomes of SARS-CoV-2 and Other 603 Coronaviruses: Causes and Consequences for Their Short-and Long-Term Evolutionary Evidence for host-606 dependent RNA editing in the transcriptome of SARS-CoV-2 A scenario on the stepwise evolution of the genetic code A content-centric organization of the genetic code On the organizational dynamics of the genetic code The pendulum model for genome compositional dynamics: from the four 614 nucleotides to the twenty amino acids An accessory to 616 the 'Trinity': SR-As are essential pathogen sensors of extracellular dsRNA, mediating entry and 617 leading to subsequent type I IFN responses SARS coronavirus pathogenesis: host innate immune responses and 619 viral antagonism of interferon Codon--anticodon pairing: the wobble hypothesis The transcript-centric mutations in human genomes Distinct contributions of replication 624 and transcription to mutation rate variation of human genomes Compositional gradients 627 in Gramineae genes Asymmetric substitution patterns in the two DNA strands of bacteria Comparative analysis of rodent and small 631 mammal viromes to better understand the wildlife origin of emerging infectious diseases Viral load of SARS-CoV-2 in clinical 634 samples Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Different 636 Types of Clinical Specimens A dynamic 638 nomenclature proposal for SARS-CoV-2 lineages to assist genomic epidemiology On the origin and continuing evolution 641 of SARS-CoV-2 disease and diplomacy: GISAID's innovative 643 contribution to global health A Novel Bat
    keywords: clade; cov-2; figure; genome; mutations; permutations; sars
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        item: #3225 of 5187
          id: cord-315849-e16lln3f
      author: Takayama, Kazuo
       title: In vitro and Animal Models for SARS-CoV-2 research
        date: 2020-05-30
       words: 1172
      flesch: 45
     summary: Interestingly, virus infection impaired the bile acid transporting functions of cholangiocytes [20] . One of the works that set the pace for discovery of animal models was by Zhou et al. who conducted SARS-CoV-2 infection experiments using HeLa cells that expressed ACE2 proteins taken from multiple animal species from mice to humans
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; infection; sars
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        item: #3226 of 5187
          id: cord-315866-6vcts4w3
      author: Chan, KC Allen
       title: Absence of association between angiotensin converting enzyme polymorphism and development of adult respiratory distress syndrome in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome: a case control study
        date: 2005-04-09
       words: 2555
      flesch: 43
     summary: Here, we showed that both susceptibility and disease outcome of SARS infection were not associated with ACE I/D polymorphism among Chinese patients in contrast to the recent report studying Vietnamese patients [10] . A recent study has suggested that the deletion allele (D allele) of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene is associated with hypoxemia in SARS patients.
    keywords: ace; ards; patients; polymorphism; sars
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        item: #3227 of 5187
          id: cord-315931-kc8gnj6z
      author: Klempt, Petr
       title: Performance of Targeted Library Preparation Solutions for SARS-CoV-2 Whole Genome Analysis
        date: 2020-09-29
       words: 4815
      flesch: 40
     summary: Also, the viral load in a sample (corresponding to sample Ct value ≤ 23.29 or positive control value ≤ 25.84) showed to be the limiting factor in case of each workflow, samples with higher Ct value resulted in either poor genome coverage (NEB+Twist workflow and Illumina workflow) or in absence of expected library preparation product (Paragon workflow). The samples with higher Ct value resulted in low genome coverage-NEB+Twist workflow and Illumina workflow or in absence of expected library preparation product-Paragon workflow.
    keywords: cov-2; coverage; reads; samples; sars; table; value
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        item: #3228 of 5187
          id: cord-315951-5gsbtfag
      author: Kiemer, Lars
       title: Coronavirus 3CL(pro )proteinase cleavage sites: Possible relevance to SARS virus pathology
        date: 2004-06-06
       words: 3773
      flesch: 43
     summary: Implications for cap-dependent and cap-independent translational initiation A transcriptionally active form of TFIIIC is modified in poliovirus-infected HeLa cells Poliovirus proteinase 3C converts an active form of transcription factor IIIC to an inactive form: a mechanism for inhibition of host cell polymerase III transcription by poliovirus DNA binding domain and subunit interactions of transcription factor IIIC revealed by dissection with poliovirus 3C protease Inhibition of host cell transcription by poliovirus: cleavage of transcription factor CREB by poliovirus-encoded protease 3Cpro Cleavage of transcriptional activator Oct-1 by poliovirus encoded protease 3Cpro An RNA polymerase II transcription factor inactivated in poliovirus-infected cells copurifies with transcription factor TFIID Poliovirus 3C protease-mediated degradation of transcriptional activator p53 requires a cellular activity Stimulation of p53-mediated transcriptional activation by the p53-binding proteins, 53BP1 and 53BP2 Poliovirus infection results in structural alteration of a microtubule-associated protein Poliovirus protease 3C mediates cleavage of microtubule-associated protein 4 Alveolar epithelial type I cells contain transport proteins and transport sodium, supporting an active role for type I cells in regulation of lung liquid homeostasis Gene expression associated with interferon alfa antiviral activity in an HCV replicon cell line Treatment of SARS with human interferons Prediction of proteinase cleavage sites in polyproteins of coronaviruses and its applications in analyzing SARS-CoV genomes Binding mechanism of coronavirus main proteinase with ligands and its implication to drug design against SARS GenBank: update A mathematical theory of communication. We propose that a deeper understanding of coronavirus proteinase function and substrate specificity may benefit further research by: i) increasing the understanding of substrate specificity determinants which may direct studies focusing on the development of specific proteinase inhibitors and ii) providing a method for screening cellular target proteins for potential coronavirus proteinase cleavage sites.
    keywords: cleavage; coronavirus; network; poliovirus; position; prediction; proteinase; sars; sites
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        item: #3229 of 5187
          id: cord-315968-q2rxj90s
      author: Douglas, Jennifer E.
       title: Management of a Unique Sinonasal Undifferentiated Carcinoma Subtype in the Era of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-10-05
       words: 1384
      flesch: 37
     summary: Here we present the case of an individual with a sinonasal mass who was ultimately diagnosed with SMARCB (INI-1)-deficient sinonasal carcinoma and the unique management required during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily B member 1, also known as SMARCB1or INI-1, is a transcription regulator located on chromosome 22q11.2 that functions as a tumor suppressor gene [2] . Despite knowledge of the mutation underlying SMARCB (INI-1)-deficient sinonasal carcinoma, its existence has not been discussed in the otolaryngology literature.
    keywords: carcinoma; patient; sars; sinonasal
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        item: #3230 of 5187
          id: cord-315970-m5o962yw
      author: Di Ciaula, Agostino
       title: COVID‐19, internists and resilience: the north‐south Italy outbreak.
        date: 2020-06-01
       words: 3986
      flesch: 44
     summary: On May 20, infected subjects were 26,596 and COVID-19 related deaths were 2,454, about 7-and 12-fold lower, respectively, than in northern Italy. The staff was therefore re-located in the so-called grey zone equipped with up to 64 beds, occupying the whole 5th floor of the Asclepios block, a 5-floor building entirely dedicated to COVID-19 patients (Figure 4) .
    keywords: article; covid-19; deaths; health; infection; italy; northern; number; patients; subjects
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        item: #3231 of 5187
          id: cord-315972-5g2hnk1x
      author: Tong, Suxiang
       title: Detection of Novel SARS-like and Other Coronaviruses in Bats from Kenya
        date: 2009-03-17
       words: 1701
      flesch: 50
     summary: For the pan-bat coronavirus RT-PCR, conserved primers were designed from the same highly conserved regions based on available bat CoV sequences and presumed to be more specifi c to bat coronaviruses (1st and 2nd round forward 5′-ATGGGITGGGAYTATCCWAARTGTG-3′; 1st round reverse 5′-TATTATARCAIACIACRCCATCRTC-3′; 2nd round reverse 5′-CTGGTICCACCI GGYTTNACRTA-3′). The pattern of CoV detections by bat species and location demonstrates several features concerning coronaviruses in bats.
    keywords: bats; coronaviruses; cov; covs; like; sars
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        item: #3232 of 5187
          id: cord-315982-iuez41zj
      author: Achdout, Hagit
       title: COVID Moonshot: Open Science Discovery of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Inhibitors by Combining Crowdsourcing, High-Throughput Experiments, Computational Simulations, and Machine Learning
        date: 2020-10-30
       words: 4127
      flesch: 48
     summary: 10mM compound stocks dissolved in DMSO were provided by Enamine (Ukraine). Non-covalent compounds are also analysed by NMR.
    keywords: assay; cells; compounds; data; dmso; medium; mpro; pbs; plates; protease; sars; virus
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        item: #3233 of 5187
          id: cord-316003-xt59voyt
      author: Say, Daphne S.
       title: Risk Stratification and Personal Protective Equipment Use in Pediatric Endoscopy During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreak: A Single-center Protocol
        date: 2020-03-31
       words: 1468
      flesch: 35
     summary: At the same time, we also recognize the need to conserve PPE and other needed resources in anticipation of the surge of COVID-19 patients that require hospitalization. We describe our center's methodology for pediatric patient risk stratification to facilitate responsible use of endoscopic resources during this crisis.
    keywords: endoscopy; patients; procedures; risk
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        item: #3234 of 5187
          id: cord-316018-zrui9i5z
      author: Bristow, Michael R.
       title: Dynamic Regulation of SARS-CoV-2 Binding and Cell Entry Mechanisms in Remodeled Human Ventricular Myocardium
        date: 2020-06-24
       words: 3534
      flesch: 29
     summary: The integrins Novel role for integrin-linked kinase in modulation of coxsackievirus B3 replication and virus-induced cardiomyocyte injury Mechanisms that regulate adaptor binding to beta-integrin cytoplasmic tails Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome Pathological study of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) through postmortem core biopsies Myocardial localization of coronavirus in COVID-19 cardiogenic shock The application of stereological methods for estimating structural parameters in the human heart Single-cell RNA analysis on ACE2 expression provides insight into SARS-CoV-2 blood entry and heart injury Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as a SARS-CoV-2 receptor: molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic target Substrate-based design of the first class of angiotensin-converting enzyme-related carboxypeptidase (ACE2) inhibitors Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is an essential regulator of heart function Susceptibility to SARS coronavirus S protein-driven infection correlates with expression of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 and infection can be blocked by soluble receptor The potential actions of angiotensinconverting enzyme II (ACE2) activator diminazene aceturate (DIZE) in various diseases mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, NEP = neutral endopeptidase, ACE = angiotensin converting enzyme, MASR = MAS1 (also known as MAS) receptor The precise biologic mechanisms involved in SARS coronavirus cell entry and damage are now being investigated at the basic science level, and therapeutic strategies involving ACE2 inhibition or intervention at downstream events may result in forward translation back to the clinical setting.
    keywords: ace2; binding; cardiac; cell; enzyme; expression; heart; patients; remodeling; table
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        item: #3235 of 5187
          id: cord-316066-pge0vx04
      author: Zhang, Zheng
       title: Longitudinal alteration of circulating dendritic cell subsets and its correlation with steroid treatment in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome
        date: 2005-06-16
       words: 5127
      flesch: 45
     summary: The role of dendritic cell subsets in immunity to viruses Dendritic cell subsets and lineages, and their functions in innate and adaptive immunity Reciprocal activating interaction between natural killer cells and dendritic cells Plasmacytoid dendritic cells activated by influenza virus and CD40L drive a potent TH1 polarization IPC: professional Type 1 interferon-producing cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cell precursors Kinetics of dendritic cell activation: impact on priming of T H 1, T H 2 and nonpolarized T cells Dysfunction and infection of freshly isolated blood myeloid and plasmacytoid dendritic cells in patients infected with HIV-1 Depletion of circulating natural type 1 interferon-producing cells in HIV-infected AIDS patients Selective impairments in dendritic cell-associated function distinguish hepatitis C virus and HIV infection Reduction in the circulating pDC1/pDC2 ratio and impaired function of ex vivo-generated DC1 in chronic hepatitis B infection Decreased frequency and function of circulating type 2 precursor dendritic cells (pDC2) in hepatitis B virus infected humans Characterization of peripheral dendritic cell subsets and its implication in patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome Lung pathology of fatal severe acute respiratory syndrome Prognostic factors for severe acute respiratory syndrome: a clinical analysis of 165 cases High-dose pulse versus nonpulse corticosteroid regimens in severe acute respiratory syndrome Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS-associated coronavirus quasispecies in individual patients Genetic variation of SARS coronavirus in Beijing hospital Plasmacytoid dendritic cells induce plasma cell differentiation through type I interferon and interleukin 6 Fatal aspergillosis in a patient with SARS who was treated with corticosteroids The severe acute respiratory syndrome Acquired but reversible loss of erythrocyte complement receptor 1 (CR1, CD35) and its longitudinal alteration in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Corticosteroids depress IFN-alpha-producing plasmacytoid dendritic cells in human blood Circulating human plasmacytoid dendritic cells are highly sensitive to corticosteroid administration Spontaneous and glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis in human mature T lymphocytes Hematological findings in SARS patients and possible mechanisms Dendritic cells are decreased in blood and accumulated in granumloma in tuberculosis Glucocorticoids downregulate dendritic cell function in vitro and in vivo Glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis of dendritic cells in the rat tracheal mucosa Glucocorticoid-mediated regulation of thymic dendritic cell function Glucocorticoids affect human dendritic cell differentiation and maturation The molecular basis of HCV-mediated immune dysregulation SARS-coronavirus replicates in mononuclear cells of peripheral blood (PBMCs) from SARS patients Nabel, pH-dependent entry of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus is mediated by the spike glycoprotein and enhanced by dendritic cell transfer through DC-SIGN Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus Organ distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in SARS patients: implications for pathogenesis and virus transmission pathways SARS coronavirus binding to DC-SIGN of dendritic cells enhances apoptosis of activated T cells and could contribute to T cells depletion in SARS infection Diversity of receptors binding HIV on dendritic cell subsets Prolonged disturbance of in vitro cytokine production in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) treated with ribavirin and steroids Dynamic changes in perifheral blood lymphocyte and plasma cytokine levels in patients with sever acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)
    keywords: acute; cells; mdcs; numbers; patients; pdcs; sars; steroid; subsets
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        item: #3236 of 5187
          id: cord-316080-y6ypbdtu
      author: Fajnzylber, J. M.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load is Associated with Increased Disease Severity and Mortality
        date: 2020-07-17
       words: 1702
      flesch: 40
     summary: In contrast to prior reports suggesting that the SARS-CoV-2 viral infection is largely Additional studies of plasma viral load dynamics early in the course of disease are needed. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.15.20131789 doi: medRxiv preprint Viral replication in the nasopharynx is associated with diarrhea in patients 317 with severe acute respiratory syndrome Viral loads in clinical specimens and SARS manifestations Temporal profiles of viral load in posterior oropharyngeal saliva samples and 321 serum antibody responses during infection by SARS-CoV-2: an observational cohort study Factors associated with prolonged viral RNA shedding in patients with COVID-19 Temporal dynamics in viral shedding and transmissibility of COVID-19 Estimating clinical severity of COVID-19 from the transmission dynamics in 328 Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China Pulmonary Vascular Endothelialitis, Thrombosis, and Angiogenesis in 339 Endothelial cell infection and endotheliitis in COVID-19 Complex Immune Dysregulation in COVID-19 Patients with 343 Severe Respiratory Failure Detectable serum SARS-CoV-2 viral load (RNAaemia) is closely correlated with 345 drastically elevated interleukin 6 (IL-6) level in critically ill COVID-19 patients Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Different Types of Clinical Specimens Virological assessment of hospitalized patients with COVID-2019 Prognosis in HIV-1 infection predicted by the quantity of virus in plasma HIV viral load markers in clinical practice Correlation of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 viral load with disease severity and 361 prolonged viral shedding in children Viral loads and duration of viral shedding in adult patients hospitalized with 364 influenza Detection of SARS coronavirus in plasma by real-time RT-PCR Detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus RNA in plasma 368 during the course of infection Imbalanced Host Response to SARS-CoV-2 Drives Development of COVID-371 19 Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS 373 coronavirus.
    keywords: medrxiv; plasma; preprint; sars
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        item: #3237 of 5187
          id: cord-316083-f1h2j6jx
      author: Alamri, Ahmad
       title: None
        date: 2020-05-21
       words: 1432
      flesch: 47
     summary: We think that a systematic (or focused) screening of health care workers might be helpful to provide evidence-based epidemiological data, and reduce the general anxiety cause by a probable underestimation of cases. The actual number of cases is unknown and is probably underestimated, since asymptomatic cases have been reported with unknown frequency [13] , and that mild infections could have passed unnoticed.
    keywords: cases; health; patients; sars
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        item: #3238 of 5187
          id: cord-316095-jzyb4jn5
      author: Falahchai, Mehran
       title: Dental care management during the COVID‐19 outbreak
        date: 2020-09-19
       words: 5607
      flesch: 46
     summary: During the COVID-19 pandemic, digital dentistry can greatly help in emergency management of dental patients whose temporary restorations are lost. Person-to-person transmission is very common among the family members and also healthcare workers who are in direct contact with COVID-19 patients and carriers.
    keywords: care; coronavirus; covid-19; dental; emergency; infection; patients; procedures; room; transmission; treatment; use
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        item: #3239 of 5187
          id: cord-316096-3fnwosst
      author: Jin, Huali
       title: Induction of Th1 type response by DNA vaccinations with N, M, and E genes against SARS-CoV in mice
        date: 2005-03-25
       words: 4527
      flesch: 48
     summary: In the present study, it was consistent with their work that the N protein construct could induce the highest SARS-specific IgG, T cell proliferation, and in vivo CTL response (lysis rate of 50.6%) compared with M protein gene (lysis rate of 17%) and E protein gene (lysis rate of 5.6%) (Fig. 4) . As for the viral vaccine design, much attention has been focused on the induction of T cell responses, especially for the generation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) .
    keywords: antigen; cells; cov; ctl; dna; mice; pcd3d; protein; responses; sars
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        item: #3240 of 5187
          id: cord-316117-o29773cz
      author: Menzella, Francesco
       title: Pharmacologicaltreatment of COVID-19: lights and shadows
        date: 2020-05-19
       words: 4471
      flesch: 38
     summary: Specifically, a cytokine profile resembling MAS has been noted in COVID-19 patients, with increased interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-17, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor, and C-C motif chemokine ligand 2. 12 Current recommendations for the treatment of COVID-19 severe cases consist of using existing, approved therapies with proven safety profiles to address the immediate need to reduce the rising mortality. Fighting viruses with antibiotics: an overlooked path Teicoplanin potently blocks the cell entry of 2019-nCoV Coagulopathy and antiphospholipid antibodies in patients with Covid-19 Anticoagulant treatment is associated with decreased mortality in severe coronavirus disease 2019 patients with coagulopathy Renin-angiotensin system blockers and the COVID-19 pandemic: at present there is no evidence to abandon renin-angiotensin system blockers Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors improve the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients with hypertension Preliminary identification of potential vaccine targets for the COVID-19 coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) based on SARS-CoV immunological studies A DNA vaccine induces SARS coronavirus neutralization and protective immunity in mice A live, impaired-fidelity coronavirus vaccine protects in an aged, immunocompromised mouse model of lethal disease Lack of peripheral memory B cell responses in recovered patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome: a six-year follow-up study Memory T cell responses targeting the SARS coronavirus persist up to 11 years post-infection A sequence homology and bioinformatic approach can predict candidate targets for immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 Johnson Announces a Lead Vaccine Candidate for COVID-19 Department of Health & Human Services; and Commitment to Supply One Billion Vaccines Worldwide for Emergency Pandemic Use Roadmap to developing a recombinant coronavirus S protein receptor-binding domain vaccine for severe acute respiratory syndrome Purified coronavirus spike protein nanoparticles induce coronavirus neutralizing antibodies in mice Optimization of the production process and characterization of the yeast-expressed SARS-CoV recombinant receptor-binding domain (RBD219-N1), a SARS vaccine candidate Yeast-expressed recombinant protein of the receptor-binding domain in SARS-CoV spike protein with deglycosylated forms as a SARS vaccine candidate.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; drugs; efficacy; infection; patients; pneumonia; remdesivir; sars; syndrome; treatment
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        item: #3241 of 5187
          id: cord-316126-j51dik7f
      author: Zhang, X. Sophie
       title: SARS-CoV-2 and Health Care Worker Protection in Low-Risk Settings: a Review of Modes of Transmission and a Novel Airborne Model Involving Inhalable Particles
        date: 2020-10-28
       words: 12443
      flesch: 29
     summary: Recently, the WHO has acknowledged that short-range aerosol transmission, particularly in specific indoor locations, such as crowded and inadequately ventilated spaces over a prolonged period of time with infected persons cannot be ruled out but specifies that the significance of COVID-19 airborne transmission has not been convincingly demonstrated and requires further research (1) . World Health Organization Evidence of airborne transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome virus Environmental transmission of SARS at Amoy Gardens Cluster of SARS among medical students exposed to single patient Detection of airborne severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus and environmental contamination in SARS outbreak units Effectiveness of precautions against droplets and contact in prevention of nosocomial transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) SARS among critical care nurses Intubation of SARS patients: infection and perspectives of healthcare workers Illness in intensive care staff after brief exposure to severe acute respiratory syndrome Lack of SARS transmission among healthcare workers, United States Lack of SARS transmission among public hospital workers SARS-CoV-2 in environmental samples of quarantined households Relative contributions of transmission routes for COVID-19 among healthcare personnel providing patient care Aerosol and surface contamination of SARS-CoV-2 observed in quarantine and isolation care Investigating SARS-CoV-2 surface and air contamination in an acute healthcare setting during the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic in London Environmental and aerosolized SARS-CoV-2 among hospitalized COVID-19 patients 2020.
    keywords: aerosols; airborne; care; contact; control; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; hcws; health; health care; infection; masks; particles; patients; protection; respirators; review; risk; sars; settings; studies; transmission; workers
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        item: #3242 of 5187
          id: cord-316129-mjg3un0l
      author: Khamar, Pooja
       title: Aerosol and droplet creation during oscillatory motion of the microkeratome amidst COVID-19 and other infectious diseases
        date: 2020-07-13
       words: 3677
      flesch: 54
     summary: 5 Airborne transmission of a disease is defined as the transmission of infection by large droplets over short distances or through aerosols (smaller droplets) over large distances. Statista Aerosol delivery using jet nebulizer and vibrating mesh nebulizer during high frequency oscillatory ventilation: an in vitro comparison Images in clinical medicine: coughing and masks A schlieren optical study of the human cough with and without wearing masks for aerosol infection control Alert up-date: coronavirus (COVID-2019) and ocular tissue donation Goat's eye integrated with a human cataractous lens: a training model for phacoemulsification Unsteady turbulent round jets and vortex motion Boundary Layer Theory Fluid Dynamics and Transport of Droplets and Sprays Aerosol generated procedure in intraocular surgery Aerosol during phaco (cataract surgery): how to make cataract surgery safe during Covid-19 Handbook of Experimental Fluid Mechanics The role of particle size in aerosolised pathogen transmission: a review Analysis of droplet clustering in air-assist sprays using Voronoi tessellations Modeling the role of respiratory droplets in Covid-19 type pandemics Toward understanding the risk of secondary airborne infection: emission of respirable pathogens Do intact viral particles survive excimer laser ablation?
    keywords: air; creation; droplet; flap; microkeratome; operating; transmission
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        item: #3243 of 5187
          id: cord-316179-kmdxltie
      author: Fozouni, P.
       title: Direct detection of SARS-CoV-2 using CRISPR-Cas13a and a mobile phone
        date: 2020-09-30
       words: 8259
      flesch: 47
     summary: The need for SARS-CoV-2 tests that are rapid, widespread, and able to identify infectious individuals has motivated efforts to explore new strategies for viral RNA detection based on CRISPR technology. https://doi.org/10.1101 Reporter RNA Reporter RNA .
    keywords: assay; cov-2; crrna; detection; et al; figure; license; medrxiv; preprint; rna; rnp; sars; target
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        item: #3244 of 5187
          id: cord-316180-g3lfecp0
      author: Zhang, Jingshu
       title: Membrane heist: Coronavirus host membrane remodeling during replication
        date: 2020-10-25
       words: 1794
      flesch: 10
     summary: As the viral 311 replication proceeds, locally accumulated transmembrane Nsps may induce further 312 expansion, distortion, and rearrangement of ER membrane, while recruiting host 313 factors required for viral replication (Figure 2A) . In SARS-CoV-infected Vero E6 cells, 59 DMVs that are distributed throughout the cytoplasm can be observed as early as 2h which remain connected to ER membranes via their outer membrane 12 ( Figure 1A) .
    keywords: coronavirus; dmvs; membrane; protein; replication; sars
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        item: #3245 of 5187
          id: cord-316186-254z62e4
      author: Kario, Kazuomi
       title: COVID‐19 and hypertension—evidence and practical management: Guidance from the HOPE Asia Network
        date: 2020-07-09
       words: 3318
      flesch: 29
     summary: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) information for cardiologists -systematic literature review and additional analysis Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors in patients with Covid-19 The global epidemiology of hypertension Heart disease and stroke statistics-2015 update: a report from the American Heart Association The Japanese Society of Hypertension Guidelines for the Management of Hypertension (JSH 2019) Primary prevention of hypertension: clinical and public health advisory from The National High Blood Pressure Education Program ESC/ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension Consensus summary on the management of hypertension in Asia from the HOPE Asia Network Worldwide trends in blood pressure from 1975 to 2015: a pooled analysis of 1479 population-based measurement studies with 19.1 million participants The HOPE Asia Network activity for zero cardiovascular events in Asia: overview 2020 Diversity of and initiatives for hypertension management in Asia-Why we need the HOPE Asia Network Characteristics of COVID-19 patients dying in Italy Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and cardiovascular disease Cardiovascular implications of fatal outcomes of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) COVID-19 and the cardiovascular system: implications for risk assessment, diagnosis, and treatment options Association of cardiac injury with mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China Risk factors associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome and death in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 Pneumonia in Wuhan, China Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition and angiotensin II receptor blockers on cardiac angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 Endothelial cell infection and endotheliitis in COVID-19 Structure, function, and antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein Role of the ACE2/ Angiotensin 1-7 axis of the Renin-Angiotensin system in heart failure Angiotensin converting enzyme 2: a double-edged sword Oral delivery of Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and Angiotensin-(1-7) bioencapsulated in plant cells attenuates pulmonary hypertension Roles of angiotensin peptides and recombinant human ACE2 in heart failure ACE2 and ADAM17 interaction regulates the activity of presympathetic neurons The angiotensin-(1-7)/mas axis counteracts angiotensin II-dependent and -independent pro-inflammatory signaling in human vascular smooth muscle cells New physiological concepts of the renin-angiotensin system from the investigation of precursors and products of angiotensin I metabolism Therapeutic implications of the vasoprotective axis of the renin-angiotensin system in cardiovascular diseases A crucial role of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in SARS coronavirus-induced lung injury AT1 receptor signaling pathways in the cardiovascular system ADAM17: a molecular switch to control inflammation and tissue regeneration Structure, regulation and function of NF-kappa B COVID-19: a new virus, but a familiar receptor and cytokine release syndrome Upregulation of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 after myocardial infarction by blockade of angiotensin II receptors Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockers and the risk of Covid-19 Association of use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers with testing positive for coronavirus disease Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors and risk of Covid-19 Association of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors with severity or risk of death in patients with hypertension hospitalized for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection in Wuhan, China Effects of ARBs and ACEIs on virus infection, inflammatory status and clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients with hypertension: a single center retrospective study Association of inpatient use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers with mortality among patients with hypertension hospitalized with COVID-19 The impact of 2019 novel coronavirus on heart injury: a systemic review and meta-analysis Sanchis-Gomar F. Cardiac troponin I in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): evidence from a meta-analysis Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Use of D-dimer in oral anticoagulation therapy D-dimer levels on admission to predict in-hospital mortality in patients with Covid-19 Venous and arterial thromboembolic complications in COVID-19 patients admitted to an academic hospital in Prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolism associated with coronavirus disease 2019 infection: a consensus statement before guidelines The Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Emergency Response Epidemiology Team.
    keywords: angiotensin; asia; covid-19; disease; hypertension; inhibitors; management; patients; risk
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        item: #3246 of 5187
          id: cord-316215-4mj7n0ax
      author: Haveri, Anu
       title: Serological and molecular findings during SARS-CoV-2 infection: the first case study in Finland, January to February 2020
        date: 2020-03-19
       words: 2977
      flesch: 48
     summary: While it has been suggested that the late seroconversion in most SARS patients reduces the value of serological assays during the incubation and initial phases of SARS [13] , serological testing is suggested for the confirmation of a SARS CoV-2 infection [11] . A meta-analysis of seroprevalence to SARS-CoV among different human populations yielded an overall low seroprevalence (0.10%), although it was slightly higher (0.23%) among healthcare workers and others who had close contact with SARS patients [20] .
    keywords: antibodies; case; coronavirus; cov-2; day; samples; sars; serum
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        item: #3247 of 5187
          id: cord-316232-7w1vrx96
      author: Radon, K.
       title: Protocol of a population-based prospective COVID-19 cohort study Munich, Germany (KoCo19)
        date: 2020-05-02
       words: 6360
      flesch: 49
     summary: In addition, the research topic is of uppermost interest for many citizens in the current situation, therefore response is expected to be higher in KoCo19 than in other studies. The study may also serve as a pilot for studies in other areas of Germany and other countries.
    keywords: author; copyright; funder; holder; license; medrxiv preprint; perpetuity; preprint; sars; study; version
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        item: #3248 of 5187
          id: cord-316255-93srx4s7
      author: Cacho, Pedro Muñoz
       title: Can climatic factors explain the differences in COVID-19 incidence and severity across the Spanish regions?: An ecological study
        date: 2020-10-13
       words: 3816
      flesch: 39
     summary: Osong Public Health Res Perspect Modern epidemiology Humidity and Latitude Analysis to Predict Potential Spread and Seasonality for COVID-19 Applied regression analysis and generalized linear models Stability of SARS coronavirus in human specimens and environment and its sensitivity to heating and UV irradiation Vitamin D: Immunomodulatory Aspects Vitamin D deficiency in Spain: a population-based cohort study Relation between vitamin D andgeriatric syndrome Level of vitamin 25 As previously stated, this divergence might be the result of differences in temperature or other climatic factors, and also of changes in host behavior induced by the pandemic itself and by the imposed confinement measures.
    keywords: cov-2; data; factors; incidence; infection; sars; uvr
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        item: #3249 of 5187
          id: cord-316260-1t3ifsfi
      author: Nogueira-de-Almeida, Carlos Alberto
       title: COVID-19 and obesity in childhood and adolescence: A clinical review()()
        date: 2020-08-04
       words: 7977
      flesch: 33
     summary: key: cord-316260-1t3ifsfi authors: Nogueira-de-Almeida, Carlos Alberto; Ciampo, Luiz A. Del; Ferraz, Ivan S.; Ciampo, Ieda R.L. Del; Contini, Andrea A.; Ued, Fábio da V. title: COVID-19 and obesity in childhood and adolescence: A clinical review()() date: 2020-08-04 journal: J Pediatr (Rio J) DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2020.07.001 sha: doc_id: 316260 cord_uid: 1t3ifsfi OBJECTIVE: To identify factors that contribute to the increased susceptibility and severity of COVID-19 in obese children and adolescents, and its health consequences. Facing children with suspected or confirmed COVID-19, health professionals should 1) diagnose excess weight; 2) advise on health care in times of isolation; 3) screen for comorbidities, ensuring that treatment is not interrupted; 4) measure levels of immunonutrients; 5) guide the family in understanding the specifics of the situation; and 6) refer to units qualified to care for obese children and adolescents when necessary.
    keywords: adolescents; age; care; cells; childhood; children; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; inflammatory; obese; obesity; patients; response; review; risk; sars
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        item: #3250 of 5187
          id: cord-316330-55nd3pwe
      author: Ramos-Lopez, Omar
       title: Exploring Host Genetic Polymorphisms Involved in SARS-CoV Infection Outcomes: Implications for Personalized Medicine in COVID-19
        date: 2020-10-19
       words: 3502
      flesch: 26
     summary: For instance, Chinese individuals homozygous for the tandem repeat domain in exon 4 of the CLEC4M gene were less susceptible to SARS infection [17] . International Journal of Genomics SARS and MERS: recent insights into emerging coronaviruses A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a pandemic (epidemiology, pathogenesis and potential therapeutics) Coronavirus cis-acting RNA elements Pathological inflammation in patients with COVID-19: a key role for monocytes and macrophages The pathogenesis and treatment of the 'Cytokine Storm' in COVID-19 COVID-19 for the cardiologist: basic virology, epidemiology, cardiac manifestations, and potential therapeutic strategies Emerging coronaviruses: genome structure, replication, and pathogenesis Obesity and SARS-CoV-2: a population to safeguard Coronavirus COV-19/SARS-CoV-2 affects women less than men: clinical response to viral infection Evolution, revolution and heresy in the genetics of infectious disease susceptibility The role of host genetic factors in respiratory tract infectious diseases: systematic review, meta-analyses and field synopsis Guide for current nutrigenetic, nutrigenomic, and nutriepigenetic approaches for precision nutrition involving the prevention and management of chronic diseases associated with obesity The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration Combining classifiers for robust PICO element detection Development of a critical appraisal tool to assess the quality of cross-sectional studies (AXIS) Homozygous L-SIGN (CLEC4M) plays a protective role in SARS coronavirus infection ACE1 polymorphism and progression of SARS The interferon gamma gene polymorphism +874 A/T is associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Association of cytokine and chemokine gene polymorphisms with severe acute respiratory syndrome Significance of the myxovirus resistance A (MxA) gene -123C>a singlenucleotide polymorphism in suppressed interferon β induction of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Polymorphisms of interferon-inducible genes OAS-1 and MxA associated with SARS in the Vietnamese population Roles of TNF-α gene polymorphisms in the occurrence and progress of SARS-Cov infection: a case-control study High prevalence of the CD14-159CC genotype in patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus Association of humanleukocyte-antigen class I (B * 0703) and class II (DRB1 * 0301) genotypes with susceptibility and resistance to the development of severe acute respiratory syndrome Association of HLA class I with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Epidemiological and genetic correlates of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in the hospital with the highest nosocomial infection rate in Taiwan in 2003 Human-leukocyte antigen class I Cw 1502 and class II DR 0301 genotypes are associated with resistance to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) infection Cellular entry of the SARS coronavirus Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus
    keywords: coronavirus; cov; covid-19; disease; genetic; infection; polymorphisms; sars; susceptibility; syndrome
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        item: #3251 of 5187
          id: cord-316345-a1cirnya
      author: Comas, Carmina
       title: COVID‐19 and pregnancy: An opportunity to correct an historic gender bias
        date: 2020-08-02
       words: 1451
      flesch: 33
     summary: COVID-19 infection in pregnant women creates additional challenges, for different reasons. jmv.26350 sha: doc_id: 316345 cord_uid: a1cirnya Current literature and clinical guidelines do not include pregnant women as an a priori risk group for COVID‐19.
    keywords: covid-19; infection; pregnancy; women
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        item: #3252 of 5187
          id: cord-316374-mzomj1ab
      author: Brufsky, Adam
       title: Boning up: amino-bisphophonates as immunostimulants and endosomal disruptors of dendritic cell in SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-06-29
       words: 2784
      flesch: 34
     summary: 3 trial Adjuvant bisphosphonate treatment in early breast cancer meta-analyses of individual patient data from randomised trials Zoledronic acid-induced expansion of γδ T cells from early-stage breast cancer patients: effect of IL-18 on helper NK cells The role of gamma delta T lymphocytes in breast cancer: a review In vivo effects of zoledronic acid on peripheral γδ T lymphocytes in early breast cancer patients DC-like cell-dependent activation of human natural killer cells by the bisphosphonate zoledronic acid is regulated by γδ T lymphocytes Bisphosphonates: mechanism of action and role in clinical practice The bisphosphonate acute phase response: rapid and copious production of proinflammatory cytokines by peripheral blood gd T cells in response to aminobisphosphonates is inhibited by statins Important roles for gamma interferon and NKG2D in gammadelta T-cell-induced demyelination in T-cell receptor beta-deficient mice infected with a coronavirus Human intestinal Vdelta1 + lymphocytes recognize tumor cells of epithelial origin Protective immune responses of major Vγ2 Vδ2 T-cell subset in M. tuberculosis infection Anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus immune responses: the role played by Vγ9 Vδ2 T Cells The aminobisphosphonate pamidronate controls influenza pathogenesis by expanding a γδ T cell population in humanized mice Evasion by stealth: inefficient immune activation underlies poor T Cell response and severe disease in SARS-CoV-Infected Mice Novel bispecific antibodies increase γδ T-cell cytotoxicity against pancreatic cancer cells Targeting human γδ T Cells with zoledronate and interleukin-2 for immunotherapy of hormonerefractory prostate cancer γδ T cell therapy for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer Human γδ T-cell receptor repertoire is shaped by influenza viruses, age and tissue compartmentalisation A single-cell atlas of the peripheral immune response in patients with severe COVID-19 A macrophage colony-stimulating-factor-producing T Cell subset prevents malarial parasitemic recurrence Lymphopenia predicts disease severity of COVID-19: a descriptive and predictive study Restoration of leukomonocyte counts is associated with viral clearance in COVID-19 hospitalized patients Coronavirus infections and immune responses Analysis of peripheral blood T Cell receptor and B Cell receptor repertoires reveals dynamic adaptive immune responses in COVID-19 patients Molecular mechanisms of T cells activation by dendritic cells in autoimmune diseases Zoledronic acid, an aminobisphosphonate, modulates differentiation and maturation of human dendritic cells Empowering gamma delta T cells with antitumor immunity by dendritic cell-based immunotherapy Isopentenyl pyrophosphate, a mycobacterial non-peptidic antigen, triggers delayed and highly sustained signaling in human gamma delta T lymphocytes without inducing eown-modulation of T cell antigen receptor ABCA1, apoA-I, and BTN3A1: a Legitimate Ménage à Trois in Dendritic Cells SARS-coronavirus replication in human peripheral monocytes/macrophages Antigen processing and remodeling of the endosomal pathway: requirements for antigen cross-presentation Golgi pH, ion and redox homeostasis: how much do they really matter? This suggests a protective effect of γδ T cells in SARS-CoV infection.
    keywords: cancer; cells; cov-2; infection; sars
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        item: #3253 of 5187
          id: cord-316425-fnlgeubu
      author: Rahimi, Farid
       title: Case-finding: Fast, Available, and Efficient Font-line Diagnostics for SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-04-15
       words: 816
      flesch: 42
     summary: Arguably, the relatively low statistics of COVID-19-positive cases in some of the developing countries may have merely resulted from unavailability of test kits. The viral genome sequencing and even electron microscopy have reportedly been used as confirmatory tests following PCR tests (4) .
    keywords: covid-19; sars; tests
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        item: #3254 of 5187
          id: cord-316432-xemz7zn9
      author: Talaie, Haleh
       title: Is there any potential management against COVID-19? A systematic review and meta-analysis
        date: 2020-08-18
       words: 5097
      flesch: 33
     summary: National Institutes of Health Drug-eluting stents versus bare metal stents for saphenous vein graft revascularisation: a meta-analysis of randomised trials Immunosuppressive drugs to reduce the mortality rate in patients with moderate to severe paraquat poisoning: a meta-analysis Legionella prevalence and risk of legionellosis in Japanese households Quantifying heterogeneity in a metaanalysis Bioaccumulation of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in muscleTilapiaspp fish: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and non-carcinogenic risk assessment Toxocara eggs in public places worldwide-a systematic review and meta-analysis The global seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii in pigs: a systematic review and meta-analysis The global seroprevalence of toxoplasma DARU J Pharm Sci gondii among wild boars: a systematic review and meta-analysis Seroprevalence estimates for toxocariasis in people worldwide: A systematic review and meta-analysis Efficacy of hydroxychloroquine in patients with COVID-19: results of a randomized clinical trial Lopinavir-ritonavir versus hydroxychloroquine for viral clearance and clinical improvement in patients with mild to moderate coronavirus disease 2019 Clinical and microbiological effect of a combination of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin in 80 COVID-19 patients with at least a six-day follow up: A pilot observational study Association of treatment with hydroxychloroquine or azithromycin with in-hospital mortality in patients with COVID-19 in New York state Full-length title: Early treatment of COVID-19 patients with hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin: A retrospective analysis of 1061 cases in Marseille, France Lack of viral clearance by the combination of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin or lopinavir and ritonavir in SARS-CoV-2-related acute respiratory distress syndrome Treatment Response to Hydroxychloroquine, Lopinavir/Ritonavir, and Antibiotics for Moderate COVID 19: A First Report Pharmacol Outcomes South Korea. medRxiv Effect of convalescent plasma therapy on time to clinical improvement in patients with severe and life-threatening COVID-19: a randomized clinical trial Treatment of 5 critically ill patients with COVID-19 with convalescent plasma Treatment with convalescent plasma for COVID-19 patients in Wuhan Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Patients with Convalescent Plasma Mortality reduction in 46 severe Covid-19 patients treated with hyperimmune plasma.
    keywords: analysis; coronavirus; covid-19; meta; mortality; patients; plasma; review; studies; study; therapy; treatment
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        item: #3255 of 5187
          id: cord-316493-wszoi6p2
      author: Zhou, Weimin
       title: First infection by all four non-severe acute respiratory syndrome human coronaviruses takes place during childhood
        date: 2013-09-16
       words: 4341
      flesch: 53
     summary: High proportions of children and adults in Beijing show anti-S IgG seropositivity against the four HCoVs, and anti-S IgM antibodies were detected in the sera of asymptomatic children. We propose that an IFA for the detection of IgG against structural (N and S) proteins of non-SARS HCoV may be suitable for seroepidemiological studies.
    keywords: age; anti; antibodies; coronavirus; hcov; igg; igm; population; sars
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        item: #3256 of 5187
          id: cord-316498-f43apjul
      author: Karlsson, Jan Olof G
       title: May Mangafodipir or Other SOD Mimetics Contribute to Better Care in COVID-19 Patients?
        date: 2020-10-10
       words: 1933
      flesch: 34
     summary: From the authors’ viewpoint, it appears logical to test mangafodipr in COVID-19 patients at risk of developing life-threatening SARS-CoV-2. NO in COVID-19 patients at risk appear as a logical possibility.
    keywords: cov-2; mangafodipir; mnsod; patients
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        item: #3257 of 5187
          id: cord-316525-uadfehr6
      author: Zhang, X. W.
       title: Testing the hypothesis of a recombinant origin of the SARS-associated coronavirus
        date: 2004-10-11
       words: 3026
      flesch: 41
     summary: The mutation analysis of sequence variations among these isolates will help identify the genetic signature of SARS virus strains when a sufficient amount of sequence data is available. The left panels stand for non-recombination regions and the right panels for recombination regions.
    keywords: coronaviruses; cov; fig; ibv; mhv; recombination; sars
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        item: #3258 of 5187
          id: cord-316536-jpbfgwhl
      author: Raj, V. Stalin
       title: Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 is a functional receptor for the emerging human coronavirus-EMC
        date: 2013-03-13
       words: 4538
      flesch: 40
     summary: Transfection of human DPP4 in non-susceptible cells of different species origin (feline, murine and canine) also permitted infection with hCoV-EMC ( Supplementary Fig. 8a) , whereas other human coronaviruses such as hCoV-NL63, hCoV-229E and hCoV-OC43 were not able to infect human DPP4-transfected cells ( Supplementary Fig. Thus, DPP4 cell surface expression on the cell lines was consistent with hCoV-EMC S1 cell surface binding and with susceptibility to hCoV-EMC infection.
    keywords: binding; cells; coronavirus; dpp4; emc; fig; hcov; human; infection; protein
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        item: #3259 of 5187
          id: cord-316616-j82q99in
      author: Su, Yen-Bo
       title: Cardiovascular manifestation and treatment in COVID-19
        date: 2020-05-19
       words: 4455
      flesch: 28
     summary: In addition, 71% of COVID-19 patients who died fulfilled the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) criteria for DIC, compared with only 0.6% among survivors. 34 Gilead has initiated several trials in United States and China to evaluate the effect of remdesivir in COVID-19 patients with different disease severity (https://www.gilead.com/purpose/ advancing-global-health/covid-19/remdesivir-clinical-trials).
    keywords: cardiac; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; infection; injury; levels; mortality; patients; pneumonia; sars; treatment
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        item: #3260 of 5187
          id: cord-316617-8cqxz3wi
      author: Ward, Michael P.
       title: SARS‐CoV‐2, where to now?
        date: 2020-06-19
       words: 1240
      flesch: 36
     summary: Supporting pandemic response using genomics and bioinformatics: A case study on the emergent SARS-CoV-2 outbreak Preparedness for emerging infectious diseases: Pathways from anticipation to action Serological survey of SARS-CoV-2 for experimental, domestic, companion and wild animals excludes intermediate hosts of 35 different species of animals Recent progress on the diagnosis of 2019 Novel Coronavirus Cats under the shadow of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic Explanation for COVID-19 infection neurological damage and reactivations High COVID-19 virus replication rates, the creation of antigen-antibody immune complexes, and indirect hemagglutination resulting in thrombosis One health surveillance: More than a buzz word? The COVID-19 pandemic could be a catalyst for such a seismic shift in how we approach emerging infectious diseases and One Health.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; health; sars
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        item: #3261 of 5187
          id: cord-316623-tv5yyfak
      author: Zhang, Jianmin
       title: Aryl methylene ketones and fluorinated methylene ketones as reversible inhibitors for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) 3C-like proteinase
        date: 2008-03-04
       words: 4984
      flesch: 64
     summary: key: cord-316623-tv5yyfak authors: Zhang, Jianmin; Huitema, Carly; Niu, Chunying; Yin, Jiang; James, Michael N.G.; Eltis, Lindsay D.; Vederas, John C. title: Aryl methylene ketones and fluorinated methylene ketones as reversible inhibitors for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) 3C-like proteinase date: 2008-03-04 journal: Bioorg Chem DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2008.01.001 sha: doc_id: 316623 cord_uid: tv5yyfak After mixing 10 equivalent of inhibitor 11d, 12d or 13d with 1 equivalent of 3CL pro , and incubating the solution for 24 h, no mass change is observed in the major mass peak of 3CL pro .
    keywords: etoac; mmol; pro; solution
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        item: #3262 of 5187
          id: cord-316632-rr9f88oi
      author: Kimura, Yurika
       title: Society of swallowing and dysphagia of Japan: Position statement on dysphagia management during the COVID-19 outbreak
        date: 2020-07-23
       words: 3101
      flesch: 46
     summary: Dysphagia treatment includes a broad range of clinical assessments and examinations, dysphagia rehabilitation, oral care, nursing care, and surgical treatments. Dyspha-15 gia treatment includes a broad range of clinical assessment 16 and examinations, dysphagia rehabilitation, oral care, nurs- 17 ing care, and surgical treatments, and any of these can lead 18 to the production of droplets and aerosols, as well as con- 19 tact with viral particles.
    keywords: care; cov-2; covid-19; dysphagia; infection; patients; ppe; swallowing
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        item: #3263 of 5187
          id: cord-316646-rd3zl9qz
      author: Lebedin, Y. S.
       title: Serum SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antigen detection is essential for primary diagnostics of SARS-CoV-2-associated pneumonia
        date: 2020-09-25
       words: 2537
      flesch: 42
     summary: Serum IgG antibodies against nucleocapsid antigen (N-IgG) were detected by solid-phase enzyme immunoassay. Serum N-antigen (N-Ag) determination was performed by the two-site solid-phase sandwich method using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) generously gifted by Hytest Ltd, Turku, Finland. .
    keywords: admission; antigen; cov-2; patients; sars; serum
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        item: #3264 of 5187
          id: cord-316647-jj8anf5g
      author: Shang, You
       title: Management of critically ill patients with COVID-19 in ICU: statement from front-line intensive care experts in Wuhan, China
        date: 2020-06-06
       words: 13606
      flesch: 35
     summary: However, considering the suggestion that restrictive fluid volume management strategy should be adopted for COVID-19 patients complicated by ARDS based on the premise of sufficient tissue perfusion, we suggest CRRT initiation in severe patients within 24 h when they show rank 2 AKI under KDIGO criteria or accompanied with cytokine storm syndrome. There are still no targeted therapies for COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: acute; aki; ards; care; coronavirus; covid-19; covid-19 patients; disease; expert; grade; infection; lung; mortality; patients; rationale; recommendation; risk; sedation; study; syndrome; therapy; treatment; use; ventilation
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        item: #3265 of 5187
          id: cord-316658-zwxtbena
      author: Butler, S. E.
       title: Features and Functions of Systemic and Mucosal Humoral Immunity Among SARS-CoV-2 Convalescent Individuals
        date: 2020-08-06
       words: 3492
      flesch: 30
     summary: Cell Influenza Virus Vaccination Elicits Poorly Adapted B Cell 613 Responses in Elderly Individuals Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG from severely ill 616 COVID-19 patients promotes macrophage hyper-inflammatory responses Mucosal immunity and vaccines A 620 systematic review of antibody mediated immunity to coronaviruses: antibody kinetics, 621 correlates of protection, and association of antibody responses with severity of disease Syrian hamsters as a small animal model for 625 SARS-CoV-2 infection and countermeasure development bioRxiv Longitudinal evaluation and decline of antibody responses in 689 SARS-CoV-2 infection Treatment of 5 Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19 With Convalescent Plasma.
    keywords: august; holder; license; medrxiv; perpetuity; preprint; sars; version
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        item: #3266 of 5187
          id: cord-316667-b1xabkzk
      author: Konopka, Kristine E.
       title: Diffuse Alveolar Damage (DAD) from Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection is Morphologically Indistinguishable from Other Causes of DAD
        date: 2020-06-15
       words: 2719
      flesch: 40
     summary: Given the morphologic similarity between treated COVID-19 DAD and non-hospitalized COVID-19 DAD, we This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved Pulmonary vascular endothelialitis, thrombosis, and angiogenesis in Covid-19 Subphenotyping ARDS in COVID-19 patients: consequences of ventilator management Management of COVID-19 respiratory distress Acute respiratory failure in COVID-19:
    keywords: cases; cov-2; covid-19; dad; patients; sars
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        item: #3267 of 5187
          id: cord-316670-x9x54fxw
      author: Flinck, Heini
       title: Comparison of two fully automated tests detecting antibodies against nucleocapsid N and spike S1/S2 proteins in COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-29
       words: 1879
      flesch: 36
     summary: The time interval from the positive NAAT result to seroconversion was 5 days (median, range 0-11 days) with Elecsys ® and 7 days (median, range 2-13 days) with LIAISON ® . The seroconversion was first detected with Elecsys ® in ten and with LIAISON ® in two patients, and at the same time in one patient.
    keywords: antibodies; sars
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        item: #3268 of 5187
          id: cord-316702-dj2fo8sn
      author: Vignesh, Ramachandran
       title: Is Herd Immunity Against SARS-CoV-2 a Silver Lining?
        date: 2020-09-30
       words: 3257
      flesch: 31
     summary: (2020) Longitudinal profile of antibodies against SARS-coronavirus in SARS patients and their clinical significance Persistence of Antibodies against Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2-Specific Antibody Responses in Coronavirus Disease Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in patients with COVID-19 Targets of T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus in humans with COVID-19 disease and unexposed individuals Pre-existing immunity to SARS-CoV-2: the knowns and unknowns Selective and cross-reactive SARS-CoV-2 T cell epitopes in unexposed humans Pre-existing and de novo humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in humans Immunologic perturbations in severe COVID-19/SARS-CoV-2 infection Breadth of concomitant immune responses prior to patient recovery: a case report of non-severe COVID-19 Systems-level immunomonitoring from acute to recovery phase of severe COVID-19 Longitudinal characteristics of lymphocyte responses and cytokine profiles in the peripheral blood of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients Deep immune profiling of COVID-19 patients reveals distinct immunotypes with therapeutic implications Reappearance of effector T cells is associated with recovery from COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell immunity in cases of COVID-19 and SARS, and uninfected controls Humoral and circulating follicular helper T cell responses in recovered patients with COVID-19 Neutralizing antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in a COVID-19 recovered patient cohort and their implications. This preexisting cross-reactive T and B cell immunity to SARS-CoV-2 may have wide implications as this could explain differential clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients, disease severity, vaccine development, and important in accessing herd immunity for SARS-CoV-2 viral infection/COVID-19 disease.
    keywords: cell; cov-2; covid-19; herd; immunity; infection; patients; sars
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        item: #3269 of 5187
          id: cord-316705-3wzurnfp
      author: Lalmuanawma, Samuel
       title: Applications of Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence for Covid-19 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic: A review
        date: 2020-06-25
       words: 2939
      flesch: 29
     summary: Concerning contact tracing, studies have proven the use of ML and AI in augmentation of contact tracing process against infectious Chronic Wasting disease [36] . This paper aims to comprehensively review the role of AI and ML as one significant method in the arena of screening, predicting, forecasting, contact tracing, and drug development for SARS-CoV-2 and its related epidemic.
    keywords: contact; covid-19; drug; learning; model; pandemic; tracing
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        item: #3270 of 5187
          id: cord-316712-1ngcwdln
      author: Laxminarayan, Ramanan
       title: India’s Battle against COVID-19: Progress and Challenges
        date: 2020-08-24
       words: 2593
      flesch: 51
     summary: India News, Hindustan Times Statewise estimates of current hospital beds, intensive care unit (ICU) beds and ventilators in India: are we prepared for a surge in COVID-19 hospitalizations? As of August 3, 2020, India was third in the world in the number of reported SARS-CoV-2 infections (2,456,785) and fourth in the number of reported COVID-19 deaths (48,117).
    keywords: covid-19; deaths; disease; india; infections; testing
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        item: #3271 of 5187
          id: cord-316723-srenbxa7
      author: Zhao, Jincun
       title: Development and evaluation of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of antibodies against the spike protein of SARS-coronavirus
        date: 2004-11-23
       words: 3111
      flesch: 57
     summary: Amino acids 270 to 510 of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein are required for interaction with receptor Antibody detection of SARS-CoV spike and nucleocapsid protein The secret life of ACE2 as a receptor for the SARS virus Development of a Western blot assay for detection of antibodies against coronavirus causing severe acute respiratory syndrome Antigenicity and receptor-binding ability of recombinant SARS coronavirus spike protein Mass spectrometric characterization of proteins from the SARS virus: a preliminary report Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus Immunological characterization of the spike protein of SARS-coronavirus The genome sequence of the SARS-associated coronavirus Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Characterization of a novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Molecular modeling of S1 and S2 subunits of SARS coronavirus spike glycoprotein Potent neutralization of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus by a human mAb to S1 protein that blocks receptor association Profiles of antibody responses against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus recombinant proteins and their potential use as diagnostic markers Structural characterization of the SARS-coronavirus spike S fusion protein core Expression cloning of functional receptor used by SARS coronavirus A 193-amino acid fragment of the SARS coronavirus S protein efficiently binds angiotensinconverting enzyme 2 Relative rates of non-pneumonic SARS coronavirus infection and SARS coronavirus pneumonia Early detection of antibodies against various structural proteins of the SARS-associated coronavirus in SARS patients The SARS-CoV S glycoprotein: expression and functional characterization SARS-associated coronavirus quasispecies in individual patients Proteomic analysis on structural proteins of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus An exposed domain in the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein induces neutralizing antibodies The first two authors contributed equally to this work. DNA coding for S450-650 of SARS CoV S protein was PCR amplified using high fidelity Taq DNA polymerase (TaKaRa Biotech Co. Ltd., Japan).
    keywords: abs; anti; cov; elisa; protein; s450; sars
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        item: #3272 of 5187
          id: cord-316788-4x5l2h4d
      author: Ryu, Young Bae
       title: Biflavonoids from Torreya nucifera displaying SARS-CoV 3CL(pro) inhibition
        date: 2010-11-15
       words: 3233
      flesch: 51
     summary: The ethanol extract of T. nucifera leaves exhibited good SARS-CoV 3CL(pro) inhibitory activity (62% at 100 μg/mL). A comparison of biflavone amentoflavone (9) with biflavone derivatives revealed that methylation of 7-, 4 0 -, and 4 000 -hydroxyl groups diminished inhibitory activity, whereas a naked biflavone, as in amentoflavone (9), increased inhibitory activity.
    keywords: 3cl; activity; compounds; cov; fraction; pro; sars
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        item: #3273 of 5187
          id: cord-316814-9fv9xrln
      author: Li, Hong-Ye
       title: Use of GFP to Investigate Expression of Plant-Derived Vaccines
        date: 2009
       words: 2822
      flesch: 49
     summary: Results of western blot analysis using antibodies against GFP of total plant proteins extracted from tobacco leaves infiltrated with plasmid pCV12 (expressing the S1:GFP fusion) are shown in Fig. The GFP tag enables a relatively quick confirmation of antigen expression in plant cells by fluorescent microscopy.
    keywords: agrobacterium; cells; expression; gfp; leaves; plant; protein
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        item: #3274 of 5187
          id: cord-316845-k9zvsfvj
      author: Robertson, Mary M.
       title: Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome: advice in the times of COVID-19
        date: 2020-04-28
       words: 3764
      flesch: 48
     summary: Finally, it has been shown that elevated exhaustion levels and reduced functional diversity of T cells in peripheral blood may predict progression in COVID-19 patients (Zheng et al., 2020b). Coronavirus particles are surrounded by a fatty outer layer called an envelope and usually are spherical when visualised under an electron microscope, with a corona of club-shaped spikes on their surface (Wu et al., 2020).
    keywords: anxiety; covid-19; gts; pandemic; patients; sars; symptoms
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        item: #3275 of 5187
          id: cord-316859-h8lfmr3e
      author: Mu, Jingfang
       title: SARS-CoV-2-encoded nucleocapsid protein acts as a viral suppressor of RNA interference in cells
        date: 2020-04-10
       words: 2067
      flesch: 47
     summary: Given the high homology (94%) of the amino acid sequences among coronavirus N proteins ( Figure S1 in Supporting In-formation), it is intriguing to examine whether SARS-CoV During viral life cycle, coronavirus N protein encapsulates viral genomic RNAs to protect the genome and co-enter the host cell with viral genomic RNAs, indicating that N is important for viral RNA replication, especially at the initiation step.
    keywords: cells; egfp; protein; rnai; sars
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        item: #3276 of 5187
          id: cord-316880-hbw6jbz5
      author: Sutton, Melissa
       title: Notes from the Field: Seroprevalence Estimates of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Convenience Sample — Oregon, May 11–June 15, 2020
        date: 2020-08-14
       words: 520
      flesch: 37
     summary: Limitations of seroprevalence testing include false positivity in settings of low background prevalence such as Oregon, lack of antibody development by some infected persons, and in others, waning of antibodies to undetectable levels. key: cord-316880-hbw6jbz5 authors: Sutton, Melissa; Cieslak, Paul; Linder, Meghan title: Notes from the Field: Seroprevalence Estimates of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Convenience Sample — Oregon, May 11–June 15, 2020 date: 2020-08-14 journal: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6932a4 sha: doc_id: 316880 cord_uid: hbw6jbz5 nan to the Oregon State Public Health Laboratory for testing with the Abbott Architect Laboratories SARS-CoV-2 IgG immunoassay.
    keywords: sars; seroprevalence
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        item: #3277 of 5187
          id: cord-316894-zhmuzv7z
      author: Stetzenbach, L.D.
       title: Airborne Infectious Microorganisms
        date: 2009-02-17
       words: 4394
      flesch: 38
     summary: Inhalation of microbial aerosols can elicit adverse human health effects including infection, allergic reaction, inflammation, and respiratory disease. H5N1, H7N2, H9N2, and H7N3 Strains of avian influenza A viruses that have been linked to respiratory disease in humans.
    keywords: airborne; bacteria; disease; exposure; human; infection; influenza; inhalation; particles; result; viruses
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        item: #3278 of 5187
          id: cord-316930-0s7k9guq
      author: Caldas, Lucio Ayres
       title: Ultrastructural analysis of SARS-CoV-2 interactions with the host cell via high resolution scanning electron microscopy
        date: 2020-09-30
       words: 2905
      flesch: 44
     summary: Similarly, virus cell surfing was shown on SARS-CoV-2 infection, which offers new insights into cell-to-cell propagation and virus transmission. We also show intercellular extensions for viral cell surfing.
    keywords: cell; coronavirus; cov-2; fig; infection; microscopy; particles; sars; surface; virus
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        item: #3279 of 5187
          id: cord-316946-bxfdq8e1
      author: Danion, François
       title: The Good, the Bad, and the Hoax: When Publication Instantaneously Impacts Treatment Strategies for COVID-19
        date: 2020-07-22
       words: 763
      flesch: 42
     summary: Decisively, the results of ongoing randomized clinical trials are urgently needed to define standard treatment as well as novel approaches (7). The treatment strategies in our center, outside clinical trials, included standard of care alone or in combination with lopinavir-ritonavir or hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in off-label utilization and without grading of the recommendations.
    keywords: covid-19; treatment
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        item: #3280 of 5187
          id: cord-316970-n2dly3oa
      author: Kerbaj, Jad
       title: COVID-19: The New Caledonia experience
        date: 2020-05-16
       words: 1445
      flesch: 61
     summary: Effective transmission across the globe: the role of climate in COVID-19 mitigation strategies The Effects of Temperature and Relative Humidity on the Viability of the SARS Coronavirus A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p The surveillance, quarantine measures, the hospitalization of all detected COVID-19 positive patients and the rapid lockdown had probably an impact on stopping the spread.
    keywords: sars
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        item: #3281 of 5187
          id: cord-316979-uadlclsv
      author: Pierri, Ciro Leonardo
       title: SARS-CoV-2 spike protein: flexibility as a new target for fighting infection
        date: 2020-10-30
       words: 1462
      flesch: 35
     summary: Since spike proteins represent the major target of neutralizing antibodies, as observed for SARS-CoV-1 and other coronaviruses, [2] [3] [4] understanding their conformational change mechanisms is necessary for developing new neutralizing antibodies and vaccines also for SARS-CoV-2. Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) allowed to solve the structure of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 confirming that its prefusion conformation has the same overall trimeric structure observed in previous deposited cryo-EM structures of spike proteins from SARS-CoV-1 and other coronaviruses.
    keywords: conformation; protein; sars; spike
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        item: #3282 of 5187
          id: cord-317000-bfc51e0m
      author: Visci, G.
       title: Serologic SARS-CoV-2 testing in healthcare workers with positive RT-PCR test or Covid-19 related symptoms
        date: 2020-10-27
       words: 2667
      flesch: 43
     summary: The copyright holder for this preprint this version posted October 27, 2020. ; https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.25.20219113 doi: medRxiv preprint In this population of HCWs with positive RT-PCR test for SARS-CoV-2 infection from three institutions in Bologna, Italy, the sensitivity of serologic LFIA test was 75.2% and that of CLIA test, based on smaller number of tests, was 90.6%. Based on the results reported in Table 2 , and sensitivity of LFIA test equal to 75.2%, we estimated that 73.4% of HCWs with Covid-19 related symptoms, who were not tested with RT-PCR, were not infected with SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; hcws; infection; sars; test
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        item: #3283 of 5187
          id: cord-317037-1qydcc5e
      author: Kumar, Asit
       title: Extracellular Vesicles in Viral Replication and Pathogenesis and Their Potential Role in Therapeutic Intervention
        date: 2020-08-13
       words: 9424
      flesch: 28
     summary: Notably, EVs can enhance viral infection by: (1) mediating transfer of chemokine co-receptors or cell surface proteins to null-target cells that do not express endogenous viral co-receptors; (2) helping viruses to evade the host immune system; (3) transferring of viral components (viral proteins and RNAs) to recipient cells, which induce cytotoxic effects on infected cells, leading to progressive loss of immune cells resulting from the apoptosis of uninfected bystander cells. Notably, EVs can enhance viral infection by: (1) mediating transfer of chemokine co-receptors or cell surface proteins to null-target cells that do not express endogenous viral co-receptors; (2) helping viruses to evade the host immune system; (3) transferring of viral components (viral proteins and RNAs) to recipient cells, which induce cytotoxic effects on infected cells, leading to progressive loss of immune cells resulting from the apoptosis of uninfected bystander cells.
    keywords: cells; delivery; drug; evs; exosomes; extracellular; hiv; human; immune; infected; infection; isolation; membrane; plasma; proteins; replication; rna; sars; size; vesicles; virus; viruses
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        item: #3284 of 5187
          id: cord-317042-dll3qt4g
      author: Lv, Jun
       title: Detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA residue on object surfaces in nucleic acid testing laboratory using droplet digital PCR
        date: 2020-06-19
       words: 2713
      flesch: 44
     summary: The SARS-CoV-2 test results of object surface samples from nucleic acid detection laboratory were shown in Table 1 . In this study, all objects in nucleic acid detection laboratory that tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 were directly or indirectly contacted by the operator's gloved hands.
    keywords: acid; copies; cov-2; detection; laboratory; samples; sars
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        item: #3285 of 5187
          id: cord-317057-c2bwky6e
      author: Pickering, S.
       title: Comparative assessment of multiple COVID-19 serological technologies supports continued evaluation of point-of-care lateral flow assays in hospital and community healthcare settings
        date: 2020-06-04
       words: 5312
      flesch: 48
     summary: Therefore, before deployment in situations where the pre-test prevalence is likely to be low, such as seroprevalence studies, out-patient assessment or pre-admission screening for operations, these assays will require further evaluation with known SARS-CoV-2 asymptomatic and ambulatory cases, alongside an extended set of pre-pandemic samples. In summary, our study compares the performance of 10 commercially available platforms and several combinations of in-house methods for the detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in serum samples.
    keywords: author; funder; holder; june; license; medrxiv; perpetuity; preprint; samples; version
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        item: #3286 of 5187
          id: cord-317067-u90zkjk9
      author: Trottein, François
       title: Potential causes and consequences of gastrointestinal disorders during a SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-07-03
       words: 641
      flesch: 26
     summary: They also discuss the role of the gut microbiota in disease and the potential interest of targeting it to improve COVID-19 pathogenesis. These viruses circulate continuously in human populations and 47 generally cause mild respiratory diseases, including the common cold.
    keywords: covid-19; patients; sars
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        item: #3287 of 5187
          id: cord-317085-qc8bfb9g
      author: Zhang, Nan
       title: Risk Factors for Poor Outcomes of Diabetes Patients With COVID-19: A Single-Center, Retrospective Study in Early Outbreak in China
        date: 2020-09-24
       words: 4757
      flesch: 49
     summary: Furthermore, the value of hs-CRP, ESR and PCT in the severe patients were significantly higher than those value in non-severe patients (p < 0.05). A retrospective cohort study was undertaken on diabetic patients with COVID-19 infection in Central Hospital of Wuhan, a designated medical institution in SARS-CoV-2 infection.
    keywords: clinical; covid-19; diabetes; events; infection; iqr; patients; sars; study
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        item: #3288 of 5187
          id: cord-317092-5qba9jiq
      author: Singh, Tulika
       title: Lessons from COVID-19 in children: Key hypotheses to guide preventative and therapeutic strategies
        date: 2020-05-08
       words: 4974
      flesch: 38
     summary: Of the few reports of severe COVID-19 disease in children, all three critical cases had a significant underlying or concurrent medical condition, including acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), hydronephrosis, and intussusception. Specifically, underlying medical issues such as prematurity, chronic lung disease, congenital heart disease, asthma, and even lung injury from vaping and smoking, may result in an increase in the risk for severe COVID-19 disease.
    keywords: adults; children; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; sars
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        item: #3289 of 5187
          id: cord-317123-0tdfvlqd
      author: Tan, Xiaotian
       title: Rapid and quantitative detection of COVID-19 markers in micro-liter sized samples
        date: 2020-04-21
       words: 4164
      flesch: 46
     summary: First, S1 protein is immobilized on the capillary inner surface through a poly-histidine mediation approach (see Figures S1 and S2(A) for details). To evaluate the differences in antibody's affinity towards SARS-CoV-2 S1 and SARS-CoV S1, we performed a side-by-side study with these two types of S1 proteins for all three clones of antibodies.
    keywords: antibodies; antibody; cov-2; detection; igg; protein; sars
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        item: #3290 of 5187
          id: cord-317129-wa1j2f6b
      author: Zhang, Jia
       title: De Novo synthesis of PCR templates for the development of SARS diagnostic assay
        date: 2003
       words: 2320
      flesch: 52
     summary: By using a set of partially overlapping oligonucleotides, specific templates were quickly obtained by sequential primer extension. Two types of sequential primer extension were performed: single-step sequential primer extension and consecutive-step sequential primer extension.
    keywords: extension; pcr; primer; sequential
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        item: #3291 of 5187
          id: cord-317151-cxx5pcln
      author: Papa, Alfredo
       title: Covid-19 and the management of patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a practical decalogue for the post-pandemic phase
        date: 2020-10-24
       words: 5035
      flesch: 37
     summary: Coronavirus situation report Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China Epidemiological, clinical and virological characteristics of 74 cases of coronavirus-infected disease 2019 (COVID-19) with gastrointestinal symptoms Evidence for gastrointestinal infection of SARS-CoV-2 Challenges in the care of IBD patients during the CoVID-19 pandemic: report from a Red Zone area in Northern Italy Serious infection and mortality in patients with Crohn's disease: more than 5 years of follow-up in the TREAT registry Anti-TNFalpha agents in inflammatory bowel disease and course of COVID-19 Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the daily management of biotechnological therapy in inflammatory bowel disease patients: reorganisational response in a high-volume Italian inflammatory bowel disease centre European Crohn's and Colitis Organization. A retrospective study from the United States including a large cohort of IBD patients reported that the incidence rate of COVID-19 per 1000 IBD patients was of 0.61 in patients treated with anti-TNF-α and 1 in those not in treatment with anti-TNF-α (p = 0.618).
    keywords: bowel; covid-19; disease; face; ibd; pandemic; patients; sars; surgery; therapy; use
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        item: #3292 of 5187
          id: cord-317227-zb434ve3
      author: Beck, Bo Ram
       title: Predicting commercially available antiviral drugs that may act on the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) through a drug-target interaction deep learning model
        date: 2020-03-30
       words: 3190
      flesch: 36
     summary: Although much intensive effort is being made worldwide to develop drugs or vaccines for SARS-CoV-2, patients currently suffering from COVID-19 cannot expect benefits from them due to the slow development process of novel drugs or vaccines. Overall, we suggest that the list of antiviral drugs identified by the MT-DTI model should be considered, when establishing effective treatment strategies for SARS-CoV-2. Coronaviruses (CoVs), belonging to the family Coronaviridae, are positive-sense enveloped RNA viruses and cause infections in birds, mammals, and humans (1) (2) (3) .
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; drugs; dti; proteinase; rna; sars; target
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        item: #3293 of 5187
          id: cord-317233-k3wuqwyu
      author: Lorenzo-Redondo, Ramon
       title: A clade of SARS-CoV-2 viruses associated with lower viral loads in patient upper airways
        date: 2020-11-11
       words: 8179
      flesch: 47
     summary: Finally, to test for association between disease severity and viral clade, we employed multinomial logistic regression, using maximal severity of COVID-19 per patient as the outcome variable [binned as mild (outpatient or ED only), moderate (inpatient hospitalization), or severe (ICU admission and/or death)], and clade, Ct values, and other demographic variables as the predictors. Consistent with our previous results, Ct value was the only variable associated with viral clade and vice versa.
    keywords: analysis; chicago; clade; cov-2; data; illinois; march; patients; sars; sequences; specimens; spread; state; viruses
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        item: #3294 of 5187
          id: cord-317240-d7ioosi6
      author: Shah, Niyati
       title: Review: An insight into coronaviruses: Challenges, security and scope
        date: 2020-08-04
       words: 2289
      flesch: 50
     summary: The proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 infection: origin, transmission, and characteristics of human coronaviruses Real time data pertaining to number of coronavirus cases WHO launches global megatrial of the four most promising coronavirus treatments Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro Broad-spectrum antiviral GS-5734 inhibits both epidemic and zoonotic coronaviruses Coronavirus treatments: Remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine and vaccines for COVID-19 New data on Gilead's remdesivir, released by accident, show no benefit for coronavirus patients. Treatment of Middle East respiratory syndrome with a combination of lopinavir/ritonavir and interferon-β1b (MIRACLE trial): statistical analysis plan for a recursive two-stage group sequential randomized controlled trial Japanese flu drug 'clearly effective' in treating coronavirus, says China Convalescent plasma as a potential therapy for COVID-19 Use of convalescent plasma therapy in SARS patients in Hong Kong Convalescent plasma treatment reduced mortality in patients with severe pandemic influenza a (H1N1) 2009 virus infection China puts 245 COVID-19 patients on convalescent plasma therapy Food and Drug Administration.
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; patients; remdesivir; trial; virus
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        item: #3295 of 5187
          id: cord-317246-8c7d5ynz
      author: Cagetti, Maria Grazia
       title: Could SARS‐CoV‐2 burst the use of Non‐Invasive and Minimally Invasive treatments in paediatric dentistry?
        date: 2020-08-03
       words: 2134
      flesch: 40
     summary: Non-operative caries treatment is mostly recommended for decayed primary teeth, but may represent a suitable alternative also for permanent teeth of children with dental anxiety or disabilities, who offer insufficient collaboration for the traditional restorative treatment. In addition to caries treatment, the minimally invasive treatment especially ART technique has proven to be an effective approach to preserving first permanent molars affected by severe form of MIH.
    keywords: caries; children; cov-2; dental; sars; treatment
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        item: #3296 of 5187
          id: cord-317333-unrd76bo
      author: Danesh, Ali
       title: Early gene expression events in ferrets in response to SARS coronavirus infection versus direct interferon-alpha2b stimulation
        date: 2011-01-05
       words: 5473
      flesch: 40
     summary: We also analyzed the signaling pathways during an infection with SARS-CoV, and by means of comparative analysis we profiled IFN gene responses in the context of a respiratory infection. In vivo experiments revealed that IFN-α2b causes STAT1 phosphorylation and upregulation of abundant IFN response genes (IRGs), chemokine receptors, and other genes that participate in phagocytosis and leukocyte transendothelial migration.
    keywords: blood; cov; expression; ferrets; genes; ifn; infection; irgs; responses; sars; signaling; stat1; α2b
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        item: #3297 of 5187
          id: cord-317355-z5tk3v3b
      author: Dunker, Susanne
       title: No SARS-CoV-2 detected in air samples (pollen and particulate matter) in Leipzig during the first spread
        date: 2020-10-13
       words: 1956
      flesch: 48
     summary: key: cord-317355-z5tk3v3b authors: Dunker, Susanne; Hornick, Thomas; Szczepankiewicz, Grit; Maier, Melanie; Bastl, Maximilian; Bumberger, Jan; Treudler, Regina; Liebert, Uwe G.; Simon, Jan-Christoph title: No SARS-CoV-2 detected in air samples (pollen and particulate matter) in Leipzig during the first spread date: 2020-10-13 journal: Sci Total Environ DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142881 sha: doc_id: 317355 cord_uid: z5tk3v3b The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic co-occurred with pollen season in Europe 2020 and recent studies suggest a potential link between both. The height of our measurement station was chosen to guarantee a representative measurement in contrast to near-ground stations which show higher variability in pollen concentrations (Rojo et al., 2019) .
    keywords: air; cov-2; pollen; samples; sars
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        item: #3298 of 5187
          id: cord-317359-7yuygcew
      author: Straccia, Patrizia
       title: Description of a new biosafe procedure for cytological specimens from patients with COVID‐19 processed by liquid‐based preparations
        date: 2020-08-07
       words: 1783
      flesch: 37
     summary: Hence, this reports focuses on the description of a new protocol for the safe management of cytological samples processed by liquid‐based cytology (LBC) with an evaluation of the changes in terms of morphology and immunoreactivity. To each vial is added an amount of 95% alcohol ethanol for at least the same amount of its volume to the material; this is considered the safest way of handling cytological samples infected by SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; disease; material; samples; specimens
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        item: #3299 of 5187
          id: cord-317379-ljdaj80d
      author: Faure‐Bardon, V.
       title: Anatomical and timely assessment of protein expression of angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2, SARS‐CoV‐2 specific receptor, in fetal and placental tissues: new insight for perinatal counseling
        date: 2020-08-15
       words: 2194
      flesch: 50
     summary: The fetal olfactory mucosa, the cornea and bulbar conjunctiva showed ACE2 protein expression in the one sample at 29+4 and at 38+1 weeks' respectively. In the pediatric control, ACE2 protein expression was also only detectable in type 2 This article is protected by copyright.
    keywords: ace2; copyright; expression; rights; sars
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        item: #3300 of 5187
          id: cord-317413-w2xfdwea
      author: Maurya, Vimal K.
       title: Antiviral activity of traditional medicinal plants from Ayurveda against SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-10-19
       words: 5667
      flesch: 18
     summary: Therefore, the inhibitory activity of selected active constituents against these iso-enzymes were also measured and it is found that most of active constituents do not interfere with the activity of CYP1A2, CYP2D6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, and CYP3A4 (Table 4 ). These pathways are known to perform crucial functions like neurotransmission, regulation of sense of vision, regulation of blood pressure, smell, taste, and pain, regulation of transport of bio-chemicals, glucose metabolism, cell proliferation, Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Toxicity end points Carcinogenicity Inactive Inactive Active Inactive Inactive Inactive Immunotoxicity Active Inactive Active Active Active Active Mutagenicity Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Cytotoxicity Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Tox21 Nuclear receptor signalling pathways AhR Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive AR Inactive Inactive Active Inactive Inactive Inactive AR-LBD Inactive Inactive Active Inactive Inactive Inactive Aromatase Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive ER Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive ER-LBD Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Cytotoxicity Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Tox21 Nuclear receptor signalling pathways AhR Inactive Inactive Inactive Active Inactive Inactive AR Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive AR-LBD Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Aromatase Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive ER Inactive Inactive Inactive Active Inactive Inactive ER-LBD Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive PPAR-Gamma Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Tox21 Stress response pathways nrf2/ARE Inactive Inactive Active Inactive Inactive Inactive HSE Inactive Inactive Active Inactive Inactive Inactive MMP Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Phosphoprotein (Tumor Supressor) p53 Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive ATAD5 Inactive Inactive Inactive Active Inactive Inactive LD Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Toxicity end points Carcinogenicity Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Immunotoxicity Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Mutagenicity Inactive Active Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Cytotoxicity Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Tox21 Nuclear receptor signalling pathways AhR Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive AR Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive AR-LBD Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Aromatase Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive ER Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Active ER-LBD Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive PPAR-Gamma Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Tox21 Stress response pathways nrf2/ARE Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive HSE Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive MMP Inactive Inactive Active Inactive Inactive Inactive Phosphoprotein (TumorSupressor) p53 Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive ATAD5 Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive LD transcription, apoptosis, and cell migration adhesion, adaptation, cell survival, and receptor for pharmaceutical agents.
    keywords: ace2; constituents; cov-2; covid-19; drug; glycoprotein; moldock; pathways; protein; receptor; sars; score; spike
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        item: #3301 of 5187
          id: cord-317423-3nkzp1z2
      author: Turk, Can
       title: In vitro analysis of the renin–angiotensin system and inflammatory gene transcripts in human bronchial epithelial cells after infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus
        date: 2020-06-03
       words: 4333
      flesch: 46
     summary: The first genetic proof of the ACE2 and SARS-CoV receptor relationship was reported by Kuba et al. 20 Our results showed that in lung epithelial cells, ACE2 gene expression increased between 12 and 24 hours and remained at the same level between 24 . A total of seven RAS signaling pathway genes (nine probe sets; alanyl aminopeptidase (ANPEP), ACE2, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), insulinlike growth factor 2 receptor (IGF2R), angiotensinogen (AGT), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and membrane metalloendopeptidase (MME)) showed significantly different expression values between the 12-hour group and the 24-hour group.
    keywords: ace2; cells; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; genes; ras; receptor; sars; virus
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        item: #3302 of 5187
          id: cord-317429-pp6hb4q5
      author: Aslam, Saima
       title: COVID-19: Yet another coronavirus challenge in transplantation
        date: 2020-03-14
       words: 1407
      flesch: 39
     summary: Rolling updates on coronavirus disease (COVID-19) COVID-19) in the Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirus−infected pneumonia Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72314 cases from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Cancer patients in SARS-CoV-2 infection: a nationwide analysis in China First cases of COVID-19 in heart transplantation from Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a key modulator of the renin angiotensin system in health and disease Clinical characteristics of 24 asymptomatic infections with COVID-19 screened among close contacts in Nanjing, China A well infant with coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) with high viral load Air, surface environmental, and personal protective equipment contamination by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) from a symptomatic patient Discovering drugs to treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro The effectiveness of convalescent plasma and hyperimmune immunoglobulin for the treatment of severe acute respiratory infections of viral etiology: a systematic review and exploratory meta-analysis It is important to note that the clinical presentations were not distinct from those described in non-immunosuppressed individuals, and the patient with severe disease presented with a viral prodrome, displayed the typical findings on CT scan imaging, and progressed to clinical hypoxia.
    keywords: china; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; sars
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        item: #3303 of 5187
          id: cord-317435-4yuw7jo3
      author: Zhou, Yadi
       title: Network-based drug repurposing for novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV/SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-03-16
       words: 7795
      flesch: 30
     summary: Mesalamine induced eosinophilic pneumonia Translational high-dimensional drug interaction discovery and validation using health record databases and pharmacokinetics models MEGA X: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis across computing platforms Enrichr: a comprehensive gene set enrichment analysis web server 2016 update DrugBank 4.0: shedding new light on drug metabolism Therapeutic target database update 2016: enriched resource for bench to clinical drug target and targeted pathway information ChEMBL: a large-scale bioactivity database for drug discovery BindingDB: a webaccessible database of experimentally determined protein-ligand binding affinities The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY: an expertdriven knowledgebase of drug targets and their ligands UniProt: the Universal Protein knowledgebase Database resources of the National Center for Biotechnology Information Conformational dynamics and allosteric regulation landscapes of germline PTEN mutations associated with autism compared to those associated with cancer Expression profile of immune response genes in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Cell host response to infection with novel human coronavirus EMC predicts potential antivirals and important differences with SARS coronavirus SREBP-dependent lipidomic reprogramming as a broadspectrum antiviral target Discovery and preclinical validation of drug indications using compendia of public gene expression data This work was supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) under Award Number K99 HL138272 and R00 HL138272 to F.C. In this study, we present an integrative, antiviral drug repurposing methodology implementing a systems pharmacology-based network medicine platform, quantifying the interplay between the HCoV–host interactome and drug targets in the human protein–protein interaction network.
    keywords: combinations; coronavirus; cov-2; drug; fig; gene; hcov; host; human; interactome; ncov; network; potential; proteins; sars; targets; virus
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        item: #3304 of 5187
          id: cord-317468-pnxni1x5
      author: Louie, Philip K.
       title: Early Peri-operative Outcomes Were Unchanged in Patients Undergoing Spine Surgery During the COVID-19 Pandemic in New York City
        date: 2020-09-15
       words: 3491
      flesch: 33
     summary: Recognizing not only that the pandemic would likely preclude elective surgery for several months, but also that delay of surgical treatment for several months could result in permanent disability or neurological impairment in a subset of spine surgery patients, the following essential surgery criteria were determined: progressive weakness on exam or weakness with active denervation on electromyography, myelopathy with cord at risk, fracture or trauma with spinal instability, or cauda equina syndrome ( Table 1 ). Furthermore, a subgroup comparison was performed among pandemic study patients who underwent surgery before versus after the suspension of elective procedures.
    keywords: cov-2; pandemic; patients; post; sars; study; surgery
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        item: #3305 of 5187
          id: cord-317523-idji1l0a
      author: Xu, Huanzhou
       title: SARS-CoV-2 viroporin triggers the NLRP3 inflammatory pathway
        date: 2020-10-27
       words: 1196
      flesch: 30
     summary: With the selective NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950 able to block ORF3a-mediated inflammasome activation and key ORF3a residues needed for virus release and inflammasome activation conserved in SARS-CoV-2 isolates across continents, ORF3a and NLRP3 present prime targets for intervention. To assess if ORF3a also 135 mediates activation of other prominent inflammasomes including NLRP1 and NLRC4, we 136 depleted each of these molecules but were unable to block cleavage of pro-caspase 1 (Fig.2G) , 137 indicating that ORF3a predominantly activates the NLRP3 inflammasome.
    keywords: activation; inflammasome; nlrp3; orf3a
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        item: #3306 of 5187
          id: cord-317563-mu47vvma
      author: Yuan, Chunhui
       title: Viral loads in throat and anal swabs in children infected with SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-06-09
       words: 2300
      flesch: 42
     summary: The diagnostic potential of these two types of specimens showed significant difference (positive rate: 78.2% on throat swabs vs. 52.6% on anal swabs, McNemar Test P = 0.0091) and exhibited a weak positive consistency (Kappa value was 0.311, P < 0.0001) in paediatric patients. All cases were performed RT-PCR assay on throat swabs, and 212 cases were simultaneously tested on anal swabs.
    keywords: anal; cov-2; infection; sars; swabs; throat
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        item: #3307 of 5187
          id: cord-317573-wp2wr3b5
      author: Peng, Hui
       title: Human memory T cell responses to SARS-CoV E protein
        date: 2006-06-30
       words: 4130
      flesch: 54
     summary: Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome A cluster of cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus Multiple organ infection and the pathogenesis of SARS Fatal Severe acute respiratory syndrome is associated with multiorgan involvement by coronavirus Profile of specific antibodies to the SARS associated coronavirus SARS coronavirus peptides recognized by antibodies in the sera of convalescent cases Monoclonal antibodies to SARS-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV): identification of neutralizing and antibodies reactive to S, N, M and E viral proteins Identification of an HLA-A*0201-restricted CD8 þ T-cell epitope SSp-1 of SARS-CoV spike protein T-cell epitopes in severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus spike protein elicit a specific T-cell immune response in patients who recover from SARS Generation and characterization of DNA vaccines targeting the nucleocapsid protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Lymphopenia in SARS Effects of a SARS-associated coronavirus vaccine in monkeys A DNA vaccine induces SARS coronavirus neutralization and protective immunity in mice Mapping of antigenic sites on the nucleocapsid protein of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Induction of Th1 type response by DNA vaccinations with N, M, and E genes against SARS-CoV in mice SARS coronavirus E protein forms cation-selective ion channels Assembly of human severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-like particles Expression of SARS-coronavirus envelope protein in Escherichia coli cells alters membrane permeability Bcl-xL inhibits T-cell apoptosis induced by expression of SARS coronavirus E protein in the absence of growth factors Updated SARS case definition using laboratory criteria Th2 predominance and CD8 þ memory T cell depletion in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Rapid effector function in CD8 þ memory T cells Mapping T cell epitopes by flow cytometry Contributions of the structural proteins of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus to protective immunity Two subsets of memory T lymphocytes with distinct homing potentials and effector functions Similarities and differences in CD4 þ and CD8 þ effector and memory T cell generation Functional heterogeneity of memory CD4 T cell responses in different conditions of antigen exposure and persistence Human CD8 þ T-cell differentiation in response to viruses Identification of naive or antigen-experienced human CD8 þ T Cells by expression of costimulation and chemokine receptors: analysis of the human cytomegalovirus-specific CD8 þ T cell response Recombinant scFv antibodies against E protein and N protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome virus All of those reports show that T cell responses may not only participate in the clearance of virus in recovered SARS patients but also contribute to immunopathology in early stages of the disease.
    keywords: cells; cov; ifn; protein; sars
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        item: #3308 of 5187
          id: cord-317591-qa6oxy4j
      author: Fukushima, Akiko
       title: Development of a Chimeric DNA-RNA Hammerhead Ribozyme Targeting SARS Virus
        date: 2009-05-07
       words: 3609
      flesch: 49
     summary: RNA ribozymes are rapidly degraded in both culture medium and living cells by RNase, which diminishes copy number of the ribozyme. Hammerhead ribozymes contain two functional modules: a catalytic core which cleaves the target RNA and contains several conserved bases, and flanking regions which, through nucleic acid complementarity, direct the ribozyme core to a specific target site.
    keywords: cells; chimeric; cov; dna; hammerhead; ribozyme; rna; sars; target
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        item: #3309 of 5187
          id: cord-317593-tajy3p9e
      author: Xi, AIqi
       title: Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of discharged patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 on the Qinghai plateau
        date: 2020-04-29
       words: 3149
      flesch: 52
     summary: A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster Early Transmission Dynamics in Wuhan, China, of Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): The epidemic and the challenges A novel coronavirus outbreak of global health concern Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China (ncov)-infection-is-suspected Acute respiratory distress syndrome: the Berlin Definition Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study COVID-19 and the cardiovascular system Liver injury in COVID-19: management and challenges Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Severe Pneumonia Caused by the 2019 Novel Coronavirus in Wuhan Clinical and biochemical indexes from 2019-nCoV infected patients linked to viral loads and lung injury Report of the consensus conference on diagnostic criteria of ALI/ARDS at high altitudes in Western China Use of convalescent plasma therapy in SARS patients in Hong Kong Feasibility, safety, clinical, and laboratory effects of This study was funded by Science and Technology Department of Qinghai Province (number 2020-SF-158). A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China Characteristics of and Important Lessons From the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak in China: Summary of a Report of 72314 Cases From the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention WHO.
    keywords: author; cases; coronavirus; funder; medrxiv; patients; preprint
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        item: #3310 of 5187
          id: cord-317608-otd81rvy
      author: Corman, Victor M.
       title: SARS‐CoV‐2 asymptomatic and symptomatic patients and risk for transfusion transmission
        date: 2020-05-27
       words: 1250
      flesch: 43
     summary: In asymptomatic patients who are eligible for blood donation as well as patients with flu-like symptoms and fever, no SARS-CoV-2 RNA could be detected in the blood or serum despite a clearly positive result in all throat swabs. In asymptomatic patients as well as patients with flu‐like symptoms and fever, no SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA could be detected in the blood or serum despite a clearly positive result in all throat swabs.
    keywords: cov-2; patients; sars
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        item: #3311 of 5187
          id: cord-317622-o10ntfi8
      author: Evans, Ronald M.
       title: Shining Light on the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Vitamin D Receptor Checkpoint in Defense of Unregulated Wound Healing
        date: 2020-09-11
       words: 4659
      flesch: 23
     summary: Ang II also drives adhesion molecule and extracellular matrix secretion, and ultimately ARD, fulminant fibroinflammatory multi-organ involvement (Gubernatorova et al., 2020; Liu et al., 2020b; Rockx et al., 2009) , and unchecked wound healing (Rockx et al., 2009) . Q4 The hallmark lethal complication of SARS-CoV pneumonitis is a remarkably rapid and severe respiratory syndrome that ignites an aggressive wounding response (Gralinski et al., 2013; Rockx et al., 2009 ) that strikes and incapacitates the lung.
    keywords: cells; covid-19; deficiency; et al; levels; lung; patients; response; sars; vdr; vitamin
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        item: #3312 of 5187
          id: cord-317628-1inxq7t5
      author: Cuccarese, Michael F.
       title: Functional immune mapping with deep-learning enabled phenomics applied to immunomodulatory and COVID-19 drug discovery
        date: 2020-08-14
       words: 9597
      flesch: 35
     summary: However, the immune system is vastly complex and dependent on cell type and context; reliably intervening in such a highly interdependent process is a formidable drug discovery challenge. Taken together these findings suggest that SARS-CoV-2 entry protease inhibitor activity varies across cell type and species; however, remdesivir and GS-441524 show strong rescue of the viral phenoprint in all cell types tested.
    keywords: cells; compounds; covid-19; cytokine; data; disease; dose; fig; image; immune; infection; inhibitors; perturbation; phenoprint; response; sars; screening; stimuli; storm; tgf; tnf; type
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        item: #3313 of 5187
          id: cord-317647-vcktnsv8
      author: Wang, Yinhua
       title: Assessment of the efficacy and safety of Ribavirin in treatment of coronavirus-related pneumonia (SARS, MERS and COVID-19): A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
        date: 2020-09-18
       words: 1769
      flesch: 46
     summary: Accessed Operating characteristics of a rank correlation test for publication bias Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test Trial sequential analysis may establish when firm evidence is reached in cumulative meta-analysis In vitro susceptibility of 10 clinical isolates of SARS coronavirus to selected antiviral compounds Interferon-b and mycophenolic acid are potent inhibitors of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in cell-based assays Common adverse events associated with the use of ribavirin for severe acute respiratory syndrome in Canada Clinical features and short-term outcomes of 144 patients with SARS in the greater Toronto area Severe acute respiratory syndrome: Report of treatment and outcome after a major outbreak Temporal patterns of hepatic dysfunction and disease severity in patients with SARS (4) IFN-a2a or IFN-b1a in combination with ribavirin to treat Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus pneumonia: a retrospective study Infectious Diseases Society of America Guidelines on the Treatment and Management of Patients with COVID-19 Medicine (2020) 99:38 www.md-journal The in vitro studies showed an antiviral effect on SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV).
    keywords: analysis; coronavirus; ribavirin; sars; treatment
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        item: #3314 of 5187
          id: cord-317693-l08q2lhp
      author: Jacob, Michelle Cristine Medeiros
       title: Animal-based food systems are unsafe: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) fosters the debate on meat consumption
        date: 2020-07-07
       words: 3264
      flesch: 41
     summary: To ban bushmeat consumption is not the solution to prevent future outbreaks in animal-based food systems. Some studies defend that social taboos, as informal institutions that determine human behaviour, can be useful in partnership designs to prevent bushmeat consumption (21) .
    keywords: animal; bushmeat; consumption; diseases; food; humans; people; wildlife; zoonotic
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        item: #3315 of 5187
          id: cord-317707-r0q7ipa6
      author: Saracco, Margherita
       title: Carrying on with Liver Transplantation during the COVID-19 emergency: Report from Piedmont Region
        date: 2020-08-07
       words: 2848
      flesch: 51
     summary: Our transplant hepatologists were spared from the full-time management of COVID-units, in order to take care of outpatient and inpatient transplant patients. The facts during the third epidemic COVID-19 in long-term liver transplant patients: preliminary experience from an Italian transplant centre in Lombardy Advance online publication Disease in a Liver Transplant Recipient Detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real-time RT-PCR The COVID-19 outbreak in Italy: Initial implications for organ transplantation programs COVID-19 and liver disease Health Status of Liver Transplanted Patients During the Coronavirus Outbreak in Italy: a Large Single Center Experience From Milan Prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with decompensated cirrhosis Marginal grafts: finding the correct treatment for fatty livers Validation of a current definition of early allograft dysfunction in liver transplant recipients and analysis of risk factors The impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on Liver Transplantation programmes in Northern Italy Preliminary Analysis of the Impact of COVID-19 Outbreak on Italian Liver Transplant Programs.
    keywords: center; covid-19; liver; patients; sars; transplant
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        item: #3316 of 5187
          id: cord-317761-tkqmu1va
      author: Shukla, Ashutosh M
       title: Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in the context of COVID-19
        date: 2020-04-28
       words: 4115
      flesch: 33
     summary: Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of sars coronavirus infection and spread A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China New insights into the antiviral effects of chloroquine Insights from nanomedicine into chloroquine efficacy against COVID-19 Chloroquine and nanoparticle drug delivery: a promising combination A chloroquine-induced macrophage-preconditioning strategy for improved nanodelivery Clinical cancer nanomedicine Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of COVID-19 with or without diabetes: a systematic search and a narrative review with a special reference to india and other developing countries Glycopeptide antibiotics potently inhibit cathepsin l in the late endosome/lysosome and block the entry of ebola virus, middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov), and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) Thus, neutralization of the acidic pH of the endosome by chloroquine or HCQ may prevent the fusion of SARS-CoV-2 with the host cell inhibiting the primary entry.
    keywords: chloroquine; covid-19; effects; hcq; hydroxychloroquine; patients; review; sars; treatment; virus
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        item: #3317 of 5187
          id: cord-317786-iv1br2oj
      author: Waterfield, T.
       title: Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in children - A prospective multicentre cohort study.
        date: 2020-09-02
       words: 3771
      flesch: 41
     summary: These findings were not replicated with either the Roche Elecsys® Anti-SARS-CoV-2 or DiaSorin LIAISON® SARS CoV-2 S1/S2 IgG assays. Architect® SARS-CoV-2 IgG and Roche Elecsys® Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Total Antibody) • Spike protein assays -(DiaSorin LIAISON® SARS CoV-2 S1/S2 IgG assay)
    keywords: children; cov-2; infection; license; medrxiv; preprint; sars; study
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        item: #3318 of 5187
          id: cord-317795-689at1qx
      author: Bielicki, Julia A
       title: Monitoring approaches for health-care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic
        date: 2020-07-23
       words: 4878
      flesch: 31
     summary: The art of war in the era of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Intensive care during the coronavirus epidemic Intensive care management of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): challenges and recommendations Escalating infection control response to the rapidly evolving epidemiology of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to SARS-CoV-2 in Hong Kong Contact tracing: public health management of persons, including healthcare workers, having had contact with COVID-19 cases in the European Union COVID-19) pandemic: increased transmission in the EU/EEA and the UK-sixth update Health workers exposure risk assessment and management in the context of COVID-19 virus Interim US guidance for risk assessment and public health management of healthcare personnel with potential exposure in a healthcare setting to patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) Health workforce development in the European Union: a matrix for comparing trajectories of change in the professions Risks to healthcare workers with emerging diseases: lessons from MERS-CoV, Ebola, SARS, and avian flu Unique epidemiological and clinical features of the emerging 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) implicate special control measures Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalised patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China Characteristics of health care personnel with COVID-19-United States Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72 314 cases from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Death from COVID-19 of 23 health care workers in China Epidemia COVID-19-aggiornamento nazionale Timely mental health care for the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak is urgently needed Protecting health care workers during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak: lessons from Taiwan's severe acute respiratory syndrome response Personal protective equipment for preventing highly infectious diseases due to exposure to contaminated body fluids in healthcare staff Protecting Chinese healthcare workers while combating the 2019 novel coronavirus Protecting health-care workers from subclinical coronavirus infection Temporal dynamics in viral shedding and transmissibility of COVID-19 Epidemiology of COVID-19 in a long-term care facility in King County, Washington Beyond the assistance: additional exposure situations to COVID-19 for healthcare workers COVID-19 in Australian healthcare workers: early experience of the Royal Melbourne Hospital emphasises the importance of community acquisition Epidemiological, clinical characteristics and outcome of medical staff infected with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective case series analysis Epidemiology of and risk factors for coronavirus infection in health care workers: a living rapid review COVID-19 in healthcare workers in three hospitals in the south of the Netherlands Rapid assessment of regional SARS-CoV-2 community transmission through a convenience sample of healthcare workers, the Netherlands Kontaktpersonennachverfolgung bei respiratorischen Erkrankungen durch das Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Risk assessment of healthcare workers with potential workplace exposure to COVID-19 case (V8.1) Public health management of cases and contacts associated with coronavirus disease Medical masks vs N95 respirators for preventing COVID-19 in health care workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials A systematic risk-based strategy to select personal protective equipment for infectious diseases Risk of nosocomial transmission of coronavirus disease 2019: an experience in a general ward setting in Hong Kong Asymptomatic and presymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections in residents of a longterm care skilled nursing facility Diagnosis and clinical management of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection: an operational recommendation of Peking Union Medical College Hospital (V2.0) Community transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is targeted by public health measures, whereas infection by patient or health-care worker contact is primarily addressed by facility-based infection prevention and control (IPC) measures.
    keywords: care; cov-2; covid-19; health; infection; risk; sars; testing; workers
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        item: #3319 of 5187
          id: cord-317820-od9l7p1r
      author: Goker Bagca, Bakiye
       title: Overview of the COVID-19 and JAK/STAT Pathway Inhibition: Ruxolitinib Perspective
        date: 2020-06-20
       words: 3967
      flesch: 35
     summary: The possible targets of ruxolitinib are determined by using genetic alterations that have been reported in COVID-19 patients. To determine the potential molecular efficacy of ruxolitinib on genetic alterations determined in various tissues and blood levels of COVID-19 patients, JAK1 and JAK2 by using The STRING Database Version 11.
    keywords: cells; cov-2; covid-19; cytokine; immune; jak; pathway; patients; ruxolitinib; sars; treatment; virus
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        item: #3320 of 5187
          id: cord-317863-xf0bn3cv
      author: Pata, Ramakanth
       title: Probability of COVID-19 Being the Culprit in Neurocognitive Deception: A Case Series of Incidental Strokes in ICU Patients With COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-18
       words: 2205
      flesch: 45
     summary: Moreover, high levels of thrombosis and inflammatory serum markers, such as D-dimer, fibrinogen, and CRP, have been seen in COVID-19 patients. Other case reports have also demonstrated evidence of coagulopathy and antiphospholipid antibodies in COVID-19 patients who developed ischemic strokes.
    keywords: april; covid-19; figure; patients; sars; stroke
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        item: #3321 of 5187
          id: cord-317906-u5z5cpfk
      author: Gupta, Ishita
       title: Atypical Neurological Manifestations of COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-08
       words: 2189
      flesch: 57
     summary: A novel syndrome Neurological manifestations of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective case series study Self-reported olfactory and taste disorders in patients with severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 infection: a cross-sectional study A first case of meningitis/encephalitis associated with SARS-Coronavirus-2 COVID-19-associated acute hemorrhagic necrotizing encephalopathy: CT and MRI features Guillain-Barre syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection: causality or coincidence Sudden and complete olfactory loss function as a possible symptom of COVID-19 Hearing loss and COVID-19: a note Characteristics of ocular findings of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19 Alterations in smell or taste in mildly symptomatic outpatients with SARS-CoV-2 infection COVID-19 may induce Guillain-Barre syndrome Guillain-Barré syndrome following COVID-19: new infection, old complication Neurologic manifestations in an infant with COVID-19 Meningoencephalitis without respiratory failure in a young female patient with COVID-19 infection in Downtown Los Angeles, early April Concomitant neurological symptoms observed in a patient diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 Acute-onset smell and taste disorders in the context of Covid-19: a pilot multicenter PCR-based case-control study Guillain Barre syndrome associated with COVID-19 infection: a case report Miller Fisher syndrome and polyneuritis cranialis in COVID-19 The Springer Index of Viruses The Springer Index of Viruses Family -Coronaviridae. This study did not require ethical approval as data was obtained from already available databases, and patients were not directly involved.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; patients; sars; symptoms
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        item: #3322 of 5187
          id: cord-317928-doj39520
      author: Thum, Thomas
       title: SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 expression in the human heart: cause of a post-pandemic wave of heart failure?
        date: 2020-05-14
       words: 1466
      flesch: 41
     summary: A first step in understanding SARS pathogenesis Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition and angiotensin II receptor blockers on cardiac angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 Cell type-specific expression of the putative SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 in human hearts SARS-CoV2: should inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system be withdrawn in patients with COVID-19? Acute myocarditis presenting as a reverse Tako-Tsubo syndrome in a patient with SARS-CoV-2 respiratory infection Cardiac and arrhythmic complications in Covid-19 patients The ACE2 expression in human heart indicates new potential mechanism of heart injury among patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 Impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak on ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction care in Hong Kong Any clinical speculations on the 'optimal' pharmacotherapy of cardiovascular diseases, especially for heart failure patients, should at least currently not result in a change of guideline-directed therapies.
    keywords: ace2; heart; patients; sars
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        item: #3323 of 5187
          id: cord-317952-4oa9hfb4
      author: Bourgonje, Arno R.
       title: Angiotensin‐converting enzyme‐2 (ACE2), SARS‐CoV‐2 and pathophysiology of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19)
        date: 2020-05-17
       words: 12115
      flesch: 33
     summary: Safety concerns of clinical images and skin biopsies Urticarial eruption in COVID-19 infection A case of COVID-19 pneumonia in a young male with full body rash as a presenting symptom Reply to COVID-19 can present with a rash and be mistaken for Dengue: Petechial rash in a patient with COVID-19 infection COVID-19 can present with a rash and be mistaken for Dengue Immune thrombocytopenic purpura in a patient with Covid-19 A distinctive skin rash associated with Coronavirus Disease Cutaneous manifestations in COVID-19: a first perspective Complement associated microvascular injury and thrombosis in the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19 infection: A report of five cases Organ distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in SARS patients: implications for pathogenesis and virus transmission pathways Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records Clinical features and obstetric and neonatal outcomes of pregnant patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective, single-centre, descriptive study A case report of neonatal COVID-19 infection in China Novel coronavirus infection and pregnancy Possible vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from an infected mother to her newborn Unlikely SARS-CoV-2 vertical transmission from mother to child: A case report Neonatal early-onset infection with SARS-CoV-2 in 33 neonates born to mothers with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China Vertical transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from infected pregnant mothers to neonates: Possible explanations of male predominance among COVID-19 patients may be differences in exposure, smoking behaviour, other lifestyle factors, differences in chromosomal ACE2 expression, ACE2 expression in testicular tissue, sex hormone-driven immune system regulation, or gender differences in RAAS regulation [37, [42]
    keywords: ace2; acute; angiotensin; article; cells; clinical; copyright; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; expression; human; immune; infection; injury; patients; potential; rights; role; sars; study; treatment
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        item: #3324 of 5187
          id: cord-317971-kuwargnp
      author: Opatz, Till
       title: Thoughts on What Chemists Can Contribute to Fighting SARS‐CoV‐2 – A Short Note on Hand Sanitizers, Drug Candidates and Outreach
        date: 2020-05-08
       words: 2889
      flesch: 47
     summary: On March 4, the Bundesanstalt fürA rbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin (BAuA), [16] the relevant regulatory body in Germany,issued adecree that allowed pharmacies to produce hand sanitizer solutions locally. Synthesizing chiral phosphoramidates of this level of complexity is as ynthetic challenge, [37] and so is the synthesis of other drug candidates for treating the virus that will be identified by homology modeling and targetbased virtual ligand screening or conventional medicinal chemistry approaches.
    keywords: chemists; drug; ethanol; formulation; hand; isopropanol; production; sars; solutions; virus
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        item: #3325 of 5187
          id: cord-318006-9op556q2
      author: Luo, Y. R.
       title: Kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Avidity Maturation and Association with Disease Severity
        date: 2020-08-02
       words: 1064
      flesch: 45
     summary: The kinetics of IgG avidity maturation in 13 patients for whom serial samples (>3) were available is shown in Fig 1B. In all patients, IgG avidity increased over time. It was found that there was a strong correlation between IgG antibody avidity and days since symptom onset (p < 0.0001).
    keywords: avidity; igg; preprint
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        item: #3326 of 5187
          id: cord-318018-ybdkp398
      author: Bruni, Margherita
       title: Persistence of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Non-Hospitalized COVID-19 Convalescent Health Care Workers
        date: 2020-10-01
       words: 5489
      flesch: 37
     summary: The presence of few false positives among the COVID-negative population tested with the viral nucleocapsid protein as compared to the RBD might be a consequence of a mistakenly detection of anti-N antibodies previously raised against common cold coronaviruses which cross-react with the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid [23] . On the contrary, even in the early convalescent phase, those cytokines were undetectable in the sera of non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients (Figure 2A) .
    keywords: antibodies; antibody; cov-2; covid-19; figure; infection; patients; protein; rbd; sars; sera; spike
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        item: #3327 of 5187
          id: cord-318029-xd7nuahh
      author: Ke, Chunjin
       title: 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in hemodialysis patients: a report of two cases
        date: 2020-04-30
       words: 1098
      flesch: 39
     summary: A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China Early Transmission Dynamics in Wuhan, China, of Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia The Novel Coronavirus: A Bird's Eye View Emerging coronaviruses: Genome structure, replication Genomic characterization of the 2019 novel human-pathogenic coronavirus isolated from a patient with atypical pneumonia after visiting Wuhan Pathogenic human coronavirus infections: causes and consequences of cytokine storm and immunopathology Dysregulated Type I Interferon and Inflammatory Monocyte-Macrophage Responses Cause Lethal Pneumonia in SARS-CoV-Infected Mice Toll-Like Receptor 3 Signaling via TRIF Contributes to a Protective Innate Immune Response to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia Proliferative growth of SARS coronavirus in Vero E6 cells Interaction of SARS and MERS Coronaviruses with the Antiviral Interferon Response SARS coronavirus pathogenesis: host innate immune responses and viral antagonism of interferon Coronavirus papain-like proteases negatively regulate antiviral innate immune response through disruption of STING-mediated signaling Interferon and cytokine responses to SARS-coronavirus infection Correlation Analysis Between disease severity and inflammation-related parameters in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia The removal of cytokines through blood purification technology may be beneficial for the recovery of COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; patients; pneumonia
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        item: #3328 of 5187
          id: cord-318036-t05ummop
      author: Peng, Liang
       title: 2019 Novel Coronavirus can be detected in urine, blood, anal swabs and oropharyngeal swabs samples
        date: 2020-02-25
       words: 1001
      flesch: 57
     summary: We aim to detect SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid from urine, blood, anal swab and oropharyngeal swab samples. Patient 8 had three positive results in blood, anal swab and oropharyngeal swab on the 3 rd day after onset.
    keywords: medrxiv; preprint; swab
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        item: #3329 of 5187
          id: cord-318048-6nvi63rq
      author: Arshad, Usman
       title: Prioritisation of Anti‐SARS‐Cov‐2 Drug Repurposing Opportunities Based on Plasma and Target Site Concentrations Derived from their Established Human Pharmacokinetics
        date: 2020-05-21
       words: 5673
      flesch: 40
     summary: Antiviral drugs are urgently required for treatment of patients with mild/moderate disease to prevent the worsening of symptoms and reduce the burden upon healthcare systems. In the absence of a vaccine, antiviral drugs could also be deployed as chemoprophylaxis to protect against infection and would present an essential tool for protecting healthcare staff and other key workers, as well as household contacts of those already infected.
    keywords: activity; analysis; cmax; concentrations; cov-2; data; drugs; lung; plasma; sars; tissue
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        item: #3330 of 5187
          id: cord-318069-logh6rnu
      author: Ordás, Carlos M.
       title: Concurrent tonic pupil and trochlear nerve palsy in COVID-19
        date: 2020-09-10
       words: 1339
      flesch: 46
     summary: To our knowledge, this is the first case of tonic pupil reported in this particular context. There was a mild constriction of the left pupil after a first drop, and a stronger effect with a second one after 15 min, becoming both pupils equal in size, thus confirming the diagnosis of tonic pupil (Fig. 1) .
    keywords: anti; case; pupil; tonic
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        item: #3331 of 5187
          id: cord-318126-gg68o52z
      author: Zhou, Juan
       title: Observation and analysis of 26 cases of asymptomatic SARS-COV2 infection
        date: 2020-04-03
       words: 974
      flesch: 48
     summary: A total of 26 cases of asymptomatic infection were detected as SARS-COV2 positive through swab specimen between January 20 to February 30. CT check of lung in one case of asymptomatic infection.
    keywords: asymptomatic; cov2; sars
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        item: #3332 of 5187
          id: cord-318164-6rqi17oz
      author: Paoli, D.
       title: Sperm cryopreservation during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
        date: 2020-10-10
       words: 3262
      flesch: 41
     summary: First, it comprises a preliminary biomonitoring for SARS CoV-2 in the semen of asymptomatic cancer patients. Furthermore, the current evidence seems increasingly to point to the absence of SARS CoV-2 in semen.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; cryopreservation; patients; samples; sars; semen; sperm
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        item: #3333 of 5187
          id: cord-318184-atlslk0e
      author: Germain, N.
       title: Retrospective study of COVID-19 seroprevalence among tissue donors at the onset of the outbreak before implementation of strict lockdown measures in France
        date: 2020-09-11
       words: 2384
      flesch: 46
     summary: We assessed COVID-19 seroprevalence in a population of tissue donors, at the onset of the outbreak in France, before systematic screening of donors for SARS-CoV-2 RNA. The incertitude about transmission risk via tissue donors is increased by the fact that in most cases, (over 80% of cases) donors are asymptomatic or present with very little symptoms 6 .
    keywords: cov-2; donors; medrxiv; preprint; sars
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        item: #3334 of 5187
          id: cord-318204-t024w7h6
      author: Fang, Ferric C
       title: The Laboratory Diagnosis of COVID-19-- Frequently-Asked Questions
        date: 2020-06-08
       words: 2982
      flesch: 34
     summary: The role of antibody testing for SARS-CoV-2: Is there one? Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-specific antibody responses in coronavirus disease Test performance evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 serological assays Evaluation of nine commercial SARS-CoV-2 immunoassays Patients with common cold coronavirusaes tested negative for IgG antibody to SARS-CoV-2 Validation and performance comparison of three SARS-CoV-2 antibody assays A systematic review of antibody mediated immunity to coronaviruses: antibody kinetics, correlates of protection, and association of of disease Profiling early humoral response to diagnose novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) Early detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in COVID-19 patients as a serologic marker of infection Longitudinal change of SARS-Cov2 antibodies in patients with COVID-19 Different longitudinal patterns of nucleic acid and serology testing results based on disease severity of COVID-19 patients COVID-19 and postinfection immunity: Limited Evidence, Many Remaining Questions SARS-CoV-2 infection protects against rechallenge in Rhesus Macaques Convalescent plasma in Covid-19: Possible mechanisms of action Detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral and cellular immunity in COVID-19 convalescent individuals Targets of T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus in humans with COVID-19 disease and unexposed individuals Laboratory diagnosis of emerging human coronavirus infections -the state of the art Point-of-care testing for COVID-19 using SHERLOCK diagnostics Hematologic, biochemical and immune biomarker abnormalities associated with severe illness and mortality in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a meta-analysis Elevated levels of IL-6 and CRP predict the need for mechanical ventilation in COVID-19 Interpreting diagnostic tests for SARS-CoV-2 A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t 15 Cross-reactivity between SARS-CoV-1 or MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 is more likely (56) , but should be a limited concern.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; patients; sars
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        item: #3335 of 5187
          id: cord-318205-qxkel0ww
      author: Parkulo, Mark A.
       title: Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Transmission Among Coworkers in a Surgical Environment
        date: 2020-10-22
       words: 1271
      flesch: 54
     summary: Infections of SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) among health care workers is a serious consequence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. 2, 3 Here we report the outcome of a widespread surveillance program in a surgical area which was implemented as a result of health care workers testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 at Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida.
    keywords: care; health; risk
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        item: #3336 of 5187
          id: cord-318235-2e5er0x0
      author: Yanai, Hidekatsu
       title: Adiposity is the Crucial Enhancer of COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-01
       words: 884
      flesch: 34
     summary: Elevated VWF (the marker for endothelial injury) level was also observed in COVID-19 patients in ICU Diabetes Care Lipoprotein lipase activity in rat heart and adipose tissue during endotoxic shock Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study Hypercoagulability of COVID-19 patients in intensive care unit.
    keywords: covid-19; patients; sars
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        item: #3337 of 5187
          id: cord-318239-2sraqm6e
      author: Phan, Lan T.
       title: Clinical features, isolation, and complete genome sequence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 from the first two patients in Vietnam
        date: 2020-05-28
       words: 1597
      flesch: 46
     summary: Viral sequences were classified as the method of Forster and his colleagues. On contrary, his wife, who accompanied him on the trip to Vietnam, had no signs and symptoms of Covid-19 during the 2-week quarantine period and her NP and OP swab specimens collected on The lowest virus dilution for a visible plaque in a single field of view under the microscope was 10 -5 dilution of the stock virus from Patient 2 (Fig. 1D) , which corresponds to the viral titer of 9.5×10 6 PFU/mL. The viral titer of the stock virus from Patient 1 was 3.3×10 2 PFU/mL The length of genome sequences of viral strains isolated from the two patients were 29,891 bp and 29,890 bp with no gaps and high coverage (664× and 1,897×, respectively).
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; genome; nguyen; sars; sequences
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        item: #3338 of 5187
          id: cord-318253-vp22xd8p
      author: Parisi, Ortensia Ilaria
       title: “Monoclonal-type” plastic antibodies for SARS-CoV-2 based on Molecularly Imprinted Polymers
        date: 2020-05-28
       words: 1865
      flesch: 21
     summary: The biological challenges to recognition Genomic characterization of the 2019 novel human-pathogenic coronavirus isolated from a patient with atypical pneumonia after visiting Wuhan Surface functionalization of polypropylene devices with hemocompatible DMAAm and NIPAAm grafts for norfloxacin sustained release Coronaviruses: an overview of their replication and pathogenesis Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 spike pseudotyped virus by recombinant ACE2-Ig Structure of SARS coronavirus spike receptor-binding domain complexed with receptor Bat-to-human: spike features determining 'host jump'of coronaviruses SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and beyond Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding Molecularly imprinted polymers as receptor mimics for selective cell recognition Modified Polyacrylamide Microspheres as Immunosorbent: The genome analysis of the novel coronavirus revealed that it belongs to the subgenus Sarbecovirus of the genus Betacoronavirus and it is closely related (88% identity) to two bat-SARS-like coronavirus (bat-SL-CoVZC45 and bat-SL-CoVZXC21) with which it forms a distinct lineage (Lu et al., 2020; Pradhan et al., 2020) .
    keywords: coronavirus; protein; sars; spike
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        item: #3339 of 5187
          id: cord-318262-w8oixzdg
      author: Chevance, A
       title: Ensuring mental health care during the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in France: a narrative review
        date: 2020-04-22
       words: 6753
      flesch: 33
     summary: To date, there is no structured data available on the epidemiology, clinical presentation and prognosis of psychiatric patients with COVID-19. This organization remains tenable because for the moment Ensuring the follow-up of psychiatric patients in a forced ambulatory situation.
    keywords: care; confinement; context; covid-19; disorders; epidemic; health; hospital; measures; medical; patients; people; population; psychiatric; risk
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        item: #3340 of 5187
          id: cord-318316-9unfl966
      author: Ortega, Joseph T.
       title: Understanding Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Replication to Design Efficient Drug Combination Therapies
        date: 2020-10-23
       words: 4027
      flesch: 42
     summary: The spike glycoprotein of the new coronavirus 2019-nCoV contains a furin-like cleavage site absent in CoV of the same clade A Multibasic Cleavage Site in the Spike Protein of SARS-CoV-2 Is Essential for Infection of Human Lung Cells New insights on the antiviral effects of chloroquine against coronavirus: what to expect for COVID-19? Hydroxychloroquine, a less toxic derivative of chloroquine, is effective in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor A human monoclonal antibody blocking SARS-CoV-2 infection The antiviral facet of anti-rheumatic drugs: lessons from COVID-19 Effect of bromhexine on clinical outcomes and mortality in COVID-19 patients: a randomized clinical trial Evidence that TM-PRSS2 activates the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein for membrane fusion and reduces viral control by the humoral immune response Race to find CO-VID-19 treatments accelerates Chloroquine does not inhibit infection of human lung cells with SARS-CoV-2 Treatment of 5 Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19 With Convalescent Plasma COVID-19, an emerging coronavirus infection: advances and prospects in designing and developing vaccines, immunotherapeutics, and therapeutics Analysis of therapeutic targets for SARS-CoV-2 and discovery of potential drugs by computational methods Structures of two coronavirus main proteases: implications for substrate binding and antiviral drug design Crystal structure of SARS-CoV-2 main protease provides a basis for design of improved α-ketoamide inhibitors Remdesivir, lopinavir, emetine, and homoharringtonine inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication in vitro A systematic review of lopinavir therapy for SARS coronavirus and MERS coronavirus -a possible reference for coronavirus disease-19 treatment option DrugBank 5.0: a major update to the DrugBank database for 2018 Effect of systemic inflammatory response to SARS-CoV-2 on lopinavir and hydroxychloroquine plasma concentrations. Three major targets have been identified and can be summarized in the following: early stages of virus-cell interaction, viral proteases, and the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp)
    keywords: antiviral; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; drug; infection; protease; sars; therapy
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        item: #3341 of 5187
          id: cord-318339-j35w1vsw
      author: Stockman, Lauren J
       title: SARS: Systematic Review of Treatment Effects
        date: 2006-09-12
       words: 4389
      flesch: 47
     summary: The World Health Organization (WHO) expert panel on SARS treatment requested a systematic review and comprehensive summary of treatments used for SARS-infected patients in order to guide future treatment and identify priorities for research. Despite an extensive literature reporting on SARS treatments, it was not possible to determine whether treatments benefited patients during the SARS outbreak.
    keywords: patients; ribavirin; sars; studies; table; treatment; vitro
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        item: #3342 of 5187
          id: cord-318342-eipscagh
      author: Chen, Juan
       title: The Impact of COVID-19 on Blood Glucose: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
        date: 2020-10-05
       words: 3603
      flesch: 43
     summary: This may be one of the reasons that increased blood glucose was observed in COVID-19 patients without a prior history of diabetes (4). It remains unclear regarding the effect of severity of COVID-19 infection on glycemic parameters, including blood glucose and glycated haemoglobinA1c (HbA1c).
    keywords: blood; covid-19; diabetes; glucose; infection; patients; studies
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        item: #3343 of 5187
          id: cord-318364-5bmdzgla
      author: Sun, Xinjuan
       title: Cytokine storm intervention in the early stages of COVID-19 pneumonia
        date: 2020-04-25
       words: 3109
      flesch: 25
     summary: Also IL-17 inhibitor (Secukinumab) (Novartis) was used as specific treatment for severe patients with COVID-19 pneumonia 25 to control Th17 cell activation. Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) may benefit severe patients by removing potentially harmful components and maintaining haemodynamic and metabolic status.
    keywords: covid-19; cytokine; disease; infection; patients; pneumonia; sars; syndrome
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        item: #3344 of 5187
          id: cord-318387-s4d442kx
      author: Wang, Ming
       title: Nanopore target sequencing for accurate and comprehensive detection of SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses
        date: 2020-03-06
       words: 4687
      flesch: 50
     summary: Finally, the NTS 295 method for respiratory virus detection might be extended to detect more viruses and other pathogens 296 through the design of additional primer panels. We performed clinical sample testing at the first-149 line hospital in Wuhan as soon as NTS method was established (Fig. 3) .
    keywords: author; copyright; funder; holder; license; medrxiv; medrxiv preprint; peer; preprint
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        item: #3345 of 5187
          id: cord-318426-kv7aa0og
      author: Kritsotakis, Evangelos I.
       title: On the importance of population-based serological surveys of SARS-CoV-2 without overlooking their inherent uncertainties
        date: 2020-05-22
       words: 1653
      flesch: 44
     summary: They use serological tests to examine a large number of blood samples from people without a confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection to detect signs that they were once infected with the virus. That is, serological tests detect our body's response to the virus but not the virus itself (as opposed to molecular tests).
    keywords: population; prevalence; sars
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        item: #3346 of 5187
          id: cord-318444-sgm24q1i
      author: Walter, Justin D.
       title: Sybodies targeting the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain
        date: 2020-05-16
       words: 5915
      flesch: 38
     summary: Concave ADSVKGRFTISRDNAKNTVYLQMNSLKPEDTAVYYCX-VXVGXXYXGQGTQVTVS Phylogene c tree of RBD sybodies. Additionally, we identified a pair of anti-RBD sybodies that can simultaneously bind to the RBD.
    keywords: binders; binding; cov-2; elisa; fig; fusion; protein; rbd; sars; selection; spike; sybodies; sybody; tbs; vyfp
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        item: #3347 of 5187
          id: cord-318478-fn0gcxbb
      author: Ziv, Omer
       title: The short- and long-range RNA-RNA Interactome of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-10-07
       words: 5768
      flesch: 44
     summary: RNA viruses comprise the dominant component of the eukaryotic virome (Dolja and Koonin, 2018) . Genome cyclization plays an essential role in the replication of a number of RNA viruses, including flaviviruses (Hahn et al., 1987; Ziv et al., 2018) .
    keywords: chimeric; coronavirus; cov-2; et al; figure; genome; interactions; rna; sars; sequence; sgmrna; structure
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        item: #3348 of 5187
          id: cord-318483-il5aq8py
      author: Perez Gaxiola, G.
       title: Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of children with SARS-CoV-2 infection: case series in Sinaloa
        date: 2020-07-11
       words: 1761
      flesch: 45
     summary: Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Children United States Screening and Severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Children in Madrid Coinfection and Other Clinical Characteristics of COVID-19 in Children Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review Clinical and CT features in pediatric patients with COVID-19 infection: Different points from adults COVID-19) in children and/or adolescents: a metaanalysis Children's mortality from COVID-19 compared with all-deaths and other relevant causes of death: epidemiological information for decision-making by parents, teachers, clinicians and policymakers. Clinical management of COVID-19 Chest computed tomography in children with COVID-19 respiratory infection Clinical and CT imaging features of the COVID-19 pneumonia:
    keywords: children; covid-19; disease; patients; sars
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        item: #3349 of 5187
          id: cord-318492-uu1p1rgi
      author: Mansueto, Gelsomina
       title: COVID-19: Brief Check Point Through The Pathologist's Eye (autopsy archive)
        date: 2020-08-28
       words: 1973
      flesch: 29
     summary: The test is primarily used to detect SARS-CoV-2 and to distinguish it from other viral agents responsible for similar types of pneumonia. This shows that although Sars-CoV-2 has high virulence, it behaves like other viruses, that in the population the symptoms occur in subjects often with comorbidities and that deaths are due to complications in the same way as it happens for other viral agents.
    keywords: autopsy; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; damage; sars
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        item: #3350 of 5187
          id: cord-318499-uihof6k6
      author: Beddingfield, Brandon
       title: The Integrin Binding Peptide, ATN-161, as a Novel Therapy for SARS-CoV-2 Infection
        date: 2020-06-16
       words: 1560
      flesch: 38
     summary: key: cord-318499-uihof6k6 authors: Beddingfield, Brandon; Iwanaga, Naoki; Zheng, Wenshu; Roy, Chad J.; Hu, Tony Y.; Kolls, Jay; Bix, Gregory title: The Integrin Binding Peptide, ATN-161, as a Novel Therapy for SARS-CoV-2 Infection date: 2020-06-16 journal: bioRxiv DOI: 10.1101/2020.06.15.153387 sha: doc_id: 318499 cord_uid: uihof6k6 Many efforts to design and screen therapeutics for the current severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic have focused on inhibiting viral host cell entry by disrupting ACE2 binding with the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. We performed similar assays to investigate ACE2 binding to α5β1, using a mixture of ATN-161 and human ACE2 protein (hACE2).
    keywords: atn-161; binding; cells; cov-2; sars; spike
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        item: #3351 of 5187
          id: cord-318625-hf7fgtnp
      author: Vashi, Yoya
       title: Understanding the B and T cell epitopes of spike protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2: A computational way to predict the immunogens
        date: 2020-05-27
       words: 2926
      flesch: 46
     summary: The amino acid sequences (n=98) of S protein available at the time of study on targeted SARS-CoV-2 were downloaded from the National Centre for Biotechnological Information (NCBI) database. In the present study, peptide segments were identified on S proteins for the development of diagnostics and vaccines against SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: binding; cell; cov-2; epitopes; protein; sars
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        item: #3352 of 5187
          id: cord-318715-p6agoqu8
      author: Belser, Jessica A
       title: Assessment of SARS-CoV-2 replication in the context of other respiratory viruses
        date: 2020-05-07
       words: 741
      flesch: 19
     summary: There is a need for studies like those done by Hui and colleagues, which are inclusive of diverse viruses previously associated with human pandemics, and viruses believed to have the potential to do so, that use a range of relevant respiratory and non-respiratory tissue and cell types that might support virus replication following multiple exposure routes. 7 Most traditional risk assessments of emerging viruses study virus infection in previously uninfected cells, tissues, or serologically naive animal models, to investigate virus pathogenicity specifically attributable to the virus strain under evaluation.
    keywords: sars; viruses
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        item: #3353 of 5187
          id: cord-318738-7dgbc4um
      author: Schmidt, Marco Florian
       title: Sensitized Detection of Inhibitory Fragments and Iterative Development of Non‐Peptidic Protease Inhibitors by Dynamic Ligation Screening
        date: 2008-03-17
       words: 1970
      flesch: 44
     summary: Active fragment 3, which binds to the S1'site of the protein, has been transformed into electrophilic derivatives 6-9, which were employed iteratively in reverted DLS, yielding the non-peptidic inhibitor 12. After the addition of reporter substrate 1, rate differences in the turnover of the substrate were quantified to identify active inhibitory fragments ( Figure 1 , Table 1 ).
    keywords: cov; pro; sars
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        item: #3354 of 5187
          id: cord-318766-vx0dnnxh
      author: Wendt, Ralph
       title: Comprehensive investigation of an in-hospital transmission cluster of a symptomatic SARS-CoV-2–positive physician among patients and healthcare workers in Germany
        date: 2020-06-03
       words: 1565
      flesch: 43
     summary: The next day, she stayed at home, but she returned the following day for another 3 hours of hospital work, still coughing heavily and apparently ill. We tested a large number of possible contact persons of a symptomatic SARS-CoV-2-infected physician among HCWs and patients on day 5 after exposure; all were negative.
    keywords: contacts; cov-2; hospital; sars
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        item: #3355 of 5187
          id: cord-318786-qd0k8174
      author: Mauriz, Elba
       title: Recent Progress in Plasmonic Biosensing Schemes for Virus Detection
        date: 2020-08-22
       words: 9889
      flesch: 29
     summary: Alternatively, the propagation of electromagnetic radiation using optical fibers can als d to virus detection via miniaturized platforms with SPR and LSPR configurations [32 e 2). Alternatively, the propagation of electromagnetic radiation using optical fibers can also be applied to virus detection via miniaturized platforms with SPR and LSPR configurations [32, 33] (Figure 2 ).
    keywords: detection; dna; enhancement; figure; gold; graphene; lspr; nanoparticles; plasmonic; sensing; sers; signal; surface; viral; virus
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        item: #3356 of 5187
          id: cord-318789-ylxh8vi2
      author: Byrne, R. L.
       title: Saliva offers a sensitive, specific and non-invasive alternative to upper respiratory swabs for SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis.
        date: 2020-07-11
       words: 1877
      flesch: 54
     summary: RNA extraction was performed immediately on swab samples, while saliva samples were stored at -80 o C until processing. As NT swabs underwent RNA extraction immediately, saliva samples were stored at -80 o C prior to RNA extraction.
    keywords: license; medrxiv; preprint; saliva; samples
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        item: #3357 of 5187
          id: cord-318909-h5b7mncf
      author: Liguori, Claudio
       title: Subjective neurological symptoms frequently occur in patients with SARS-CoV2 infection
        date: 2020-05-19
       words: 3480
      flesch: 38
     summary: Although the involvement of nervous system during SARS-CoV2 infection has been extensively proposed, [10] [11] [12] few studies focused the investigation on neurological symptoms in patients with 7 The largest study examining the neurological manifestations of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 was a retrospective analysis achieved by reviewing patients' clinical charts. A part the respiratory illness, an increasing number of reports pointed out that SARS-CoV2 can also affect the nervous system, since neurological manifestations may occur quite frequently in hospitalized patients.
    keywords: cov2; covid-19; hospitalization; infection; patients; sars; sns
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        item: #3358 of 5187
          id: cord-318920-njurbf3d
      author: Romana Ponziani, Francesca
       title: Liver involvement is not associated with mortality: results from a large cohort of SARS‐CoV‐2 positive patients
        date: 2020-07-06
       words: 2269
      flesch: 44
     summary: This study demonstrates that in patients without severe chronic liver disease liver involvement during SARS-CoV-2 infection is usually mild, is not associated with increased risk of ICU admission or mortality, and tends to resolve over time. Alterations of liver tests worsened within 15 days after hospitalization; however, in patients with the longest median follow‐up, the prevalence of liver tests alterations decreased over time, returning similar to that of baseline.
    keywords: admission; liver; patients; sars; tests
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        item: #3359 of 5187
          id: cord-318934-dxipu00r
      author: Matsuyama, Shutoku
       title: Enhancement of SARS-CoV Infection by Proteases
        date: 2006
       words: 1871
      flesch: 48
     summary: SARS-CoV is supposed to enter cells via endosome, and its spike (S) protein, which is responsible for cell entry of this virus, is activated by a certain protease active only in acidic conditions in the endosome. Trypsin, thermolysin, and dispase induced fusion of S protein expressing cells, while other proteases failed to induce substantial cell fusion (Fig. 1) .
    keywords: cells; cov; proteases; sars
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        item: #3360 of 5187
          id: cord-318938-7d731q65
      author: Wallentin, Lars
       title: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) levels in relation to risk factors for COVID-19 in two large cohorts of patients with atrial fibrillation
        date: 2020-09-27
       words: 4634
      flesch: 35
     summary: Male sex and clinical or biomarker indicators of biological ageing, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes are associated with higher sACE2 levels. In unadjusted analyses and after adjustment for clinical variables and medical treatment, male sex, diabetes, congestive heart failure, prior myocardial infarction, and age were consistently associated with higher sACE2 levels in both cohorts ( Figure 3A ; Supplementary material online, Table S2 ).
    keywords: angiotensin; biomarkers; covid-19; diabetes; disease; level; patients; risk; sace2; sars
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        item: #3361 of 5187
          id: cord-318944-13zk6cco
      author: Bizzoca, Maria Eleonora
       title: Covid-19 Pandemic: What Changes for Dentists and Oral Medicine Experts? A Narrative Review and Novel Approaches to Infection Containment
        date: 2020-05-27
       words: 11704
      flesch: 45
     summary: 7. Before dental session patient should rinse and gargle with a specific mouthwash. The first problem raised with respect to COVID-19, is related to the easy spread of viral agents in the air during dental procedures [12]
    keywords: agents; air; blood; care; contact; control; covid-19; droplets; gloves; hand; health; human; infection; order; patient; procedures; protection; respiratory; risk; surfaces; transmission; use; virus; water
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        item: #3362 of 5187
          id: cord-318957-gp5drg71
      author: Freedman, Matthew
       title: Computer-aided detection of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) on chest radiography
        date: 2004-06-30
       words: 757
      flesch: 48
     summary: It has been tested on a small series of chest radiographs with minimal SARS pneumonia and provided 88% sensitivity with 1.3 false-positive marks per image. This system could assist radiologists in the detection of early SARS pneumonia.
    keywords: pneumonia; sars
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        item: #3363 of 5187
          id: cord-319013-oytqcifa
      author: Focosi, Daniele
       title: Convalescent Plasma Therapy for COVID-19: State of the Art
        date: 2020-08-12
       words: 7487
      flesch: 25
     summary: A proof of concept single arm multicenter interventional trial Improved clinical symptoms and mortality on severe/critical COVID-19 patients utilizing convalescent plasma transfusion Convalescent plasma treatment of severe COVID-19: a matched control study Effect of convalescent plasma therapy on time to clinical improvement in patients with severe and life-threatening COVID-19: a randomized clinical trial Early safety indicators of COVID-19 convalescent plasma in 5,000 patients Safety update: COVID-19 convalescent plasma in 20,000 hospitalized patients COVID-19) patients with convalescent plasma Get rid of the bad first: therapeutic plasma exchange with convalescent plasma for severe COVID-19 The successful use of therapeutic plasma exchange for severe COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome with multiple organ failure Efficacy of therapeutic plasma exchange in severe COVID-19 patients Successful treatment of plasma exchange followed by intravenous immunoglobulin in a critically ill patient with 2019 novel coronavirus infection Potential effect of blood purification therapy in reducing cytokine storm as a late complication of critically ill COVID-19 Global Vaccine Business Unit on the latest on the coronavirus and Takeda Is it time to rethink UK restrictions on blood donation? Hepatitis E virus in blood components: a prevalence and transmission study in southeast England Pork products associated with human infection caused by an emerging phylotype of hepatitis E virus in England and Wales Hepatitis E risks: pigs or blood-that is the question SARS-coronavirus replication in human peripheral monocytes/macrophages Epitopes required for antibody-dependent enhancement of Ebola virus infection Antibodydependent enhancement of Ebola virus infection Influence of Fc␥RIIA and MBL polymorphisms on severe acute respiratory syndrome Immune phenotyping based on neutrophil-tolymphocyte ratio and IgG predicts disease severity and outcome for patients with COVID-19 Viral kinetics and antibody responses in patients with COVID-19 Global profiling of SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG/IgM responses of convalescents using a proteome microarray Neutralizing antibodies responses to SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 inpatients and convalescent patients Neutralizing antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in a COVID-19 recovered patient cohort and their implications First infection by all four non-severe acute respiratory syndrome human coronaviruses takes place during childhood Pre-existing and de novo humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in humans Antibody-dependent SARS coronavirus infection is mediated by antibodies against spike proteins Anti-SARS-CoV IgG response in relation to disease severity of severe acute respiratory syndrome The potential danger of suboptimal antibody responses in COVID-19 Symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections display specific IgG Fc structures Afucosylated immunoglobulin G responses are a hallmark of enveloped virus infections and show an exacerbated phenotype in COVID-19 Autopsy findings and venous thromboembolism in patients with COVID-19: a prospective cohort study Currently available intravenous immunoglobulin (Gamunex © -C and Flebogamma © DIF) contains antibodies reacting against SARS-CoV-2 antigens High-dose intravenous immunoglobulin as a therapeutic option for deteriorating patients with coronavirus disease 2019 ABO blood group and susceptibility to severe acute respiratory syndrome Inhibition of the interaction between the SARS-CoV Spike protein and its cellular receptor by anti-histo-blood group antibodies HIV-1 incorporates ABO histo-blood group antigens that sensitize virions to complementmediated inactivation Harnessing the natural anti-glycan immune response to limit the transmission of enveloped viruses such as SARS-CoV-2 Specific asparagine-linked glycosylation sites are critical for DC-SIGN-and L-SIGN-mediated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus entry Structural, glycosylation and antigenic variation between 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) and SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) After demonstration that blood group O health care workers were less likely to become infected with SARS-CoV (137), a research group proved that anti-A blood group natural isoagglutinins (which can also be found in CP plasma from blood group O and B donors) inhibit SARS-CoV entry into competent cells (138) .
    keywords: antibodies; antibody; blood; case; convalescent; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; donors; group; patients; plasma; sars; syndrome; therapy; titers; transfusion; treatment
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        item: #3364 of 5187
          id: cord-319022-1twsxzcd
      author: Desai, Antonio
       title: The role of anti-hypertensive treatment, comorbidities and early introduction of LMWH in the setting of COVID-19: A retrospective, observational study in Northern Italy()
        date: 2020-09-25
       words: 2874
      flesch: 34
     summary: JAMA The 2019 coronavirus: Learning curves, lessons, and the weakest link World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects World Health O. when COVID-19 disease is suspected: interim guidance Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition and angiotensin II receptor blockers on cardiac angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 Antihypertensive treatment with ACEI/ARB of patients with COVID-19 complicated by hypertension Outcomes in Patients with COVID-19 Infection Taking ACEI/ARB Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 Infections in Engineered Human Tissues Using Clinical-Grade Soluble Human ACE2 Association of Inpatient Use of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers with Mortality Among Patients With Hypertension Hospitalized With COVID-19 Inhibitors of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System and Covid-19 Outcomes in hypertensive patients at high cardiovascular risk treated with regimens based on valsartan or amlodipine: the VALUE randomised trial Indication, Timing, and Surgical Treatment of Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage: Systematic Review and Proposal of a Management Algorithm Risk Factors Associated With Mortality Among Patients With COVID-19 in Intensive Care Units in Lombardy, Italy Anti-coagulant and anti-platelet therapy in the COVID-19 patient: a best practices quality initiative across a large health system Venous and arterial thromboembolic complications in COVID-19 patients admitted to an academic hospital in Milan, Italy -Thromb Res We would like to thank and dedicate this paper to all the professional A retrospective, observational study in Northern Italy() date: 2020-09-25 journal: Int J Cardiol DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2020.09.062 sha: doc_id: 319022 cord_uid: 1twsxzcd BACKGROUND: There is a great deal of debate about the role of cardiovascular comorbidities and the chronic use of antihypertensive agents (such as ACE-I and ARBs) on mortality on COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: ace; angiotensin; arbs; covid-19; hospital; mortality; patients
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        item: #3365 of 5187
          id: cord-319023-ucm8frol
      author: Nuzzo, Andrea
       title: Universal Shelter-in-Place vs. Advanced Automated Contact Tracing and Targeted Isolation: A Case for 21st-Century Technologies for SARS-CoV-2 and Future Pandemics
        date: 2020-06-22
       words: 3144
      flesch: 39
     summary: For contact tracing, we assumed an advanced, automated contact tracing (AACT) application that sends alerts to individuals advising self-isolation based on individual exposure profile. Contact tracing is routinely used for controlling infectious diseases.
    keywords: aact; adoption; contact; individuals; place; population; shelter
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        item: #3366 of 5187
          id: cord-319089-hxpoy4gd
      author: Du, Li
       title: Prevalence of depression during the SARS, MERS, and COVID-19 pandemics: A protocol for overview of systematic reviews
        date: 2020-09-18
       words: 2222
      flesch: 43
     summary: Coronavirus envelope protein: current knowledge An outbreak of coronavirus OC43 respiratory infection in Normandy, France Human (non-severe acute respiratory syndrome) coronavirus infections in hospitalised children in France Koch's postulates fulfilled for SARS virus The aetiology, origins, and diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome COVID-19 and cancer: a comprehensive review Novel Coronavirus(2019-nCoV) Situation Report -33 Challenges and strategies to research ethics in conducting COVID-19 research First case of 2019 novel Coronavirus in the United States Generalized anxiety disorder, depressive symptoms and sleep quality during COVID-19 outbreak in China: a web-based cross-sectional survey Prevalence of stress, anxiety, depression among the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis Stress, anxiety, and depression levels in the initial stage of the COVID-19 outbreak in a population sample in the northern Spain Timely mental health care for the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak is urgently needed Reporting of declarations and conflicts of interest in WHO guidelines can be further improved The skills and experience of GRADE methodologists can be assessed with a simple tool The reporting characteristics and methodological quality of Cochrane reviews about health policy research Long-term clinical outcomes in survivors of severe acute respiratory syndrome and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus outbreaks after hospitalisation or ICU admission: a systematic review and meta-analysis The psychological and mental impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on medical staff and general public: a systematic review and meta-analysis Video calls for reducing social isolation and loneliness in older people: a rapid review Prevalence of depression, anxiety, and insomnia among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis Mental health during the COVID-19 outbreak in China: a meta-analysis Psychological intervention on COVID-19: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis Psychiatric and neuropsychiatric presentations associated with severe coronavirus infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis with comparison to the COVID-19 pandemic Impact of coronavirus syndromes on physical and mental health of health care workers: systematic review and meta-analysis Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement AMSTAR 2: a critical appraisal tool for systematic reviews that include randomised or non-randomised studies of healthcare interventions, or both Psychological effects caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in health professionals: a systematic review with meta-analysis Psychological status among different populations during COVID-19 epidemic: a systematic review and Metaanalysis The authors thank the assistance of Dr. Jin-Hui Tian Dr., Ke-Lu Yang, and Dr. YA Gao to improve the methodology and quality of language in our manuscript. Increasing systematic reviews (SRs) of coronavirus were focusing on depression.
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; depression; meta; review; srs
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        item: #3367 of 5187
          id: cord-319100-3gdawhfn
      author: Kirkland, P.D.
       title: The impact of viral transport media on PCR assay results for the detection of nucleic acid from SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses
        date: 2020-06-10
       words: 4628
      flesch: 41
     summary: Finally, to establish whether these effects were limited to testing of RNA viruses, a sample of bovine herpesvirus-1 was tested in the same model and range of dilutions. It is also important to recognise that these observations reflect the outcome of contact between viral nucleic acid and VTM for less than 1 hour in each instance.
    keywords: acid; nucleic; results; rna; samples; sars; transport; virus; vtm
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        item: #3368 of 5187
          id: cord-319158-n8e2n30b
      author: Mackenzie, John S
       title: COVID-19: a novel zoonotic disease caused by a coronavirus from China: what we know and what we don’t
        date: 2020-03-17
       words: 1879
      flesch: 33
     summary: The epidemiological characteristics of an outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) -China Evolving status of the 2019 novel coronavirus infection: proposal of conventional serologic assays for disease diagnosis and infection monitoring COVID-19): CDNA National Guidelines for Public Health Units Clinical management of severe acute respiratory infection when Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection is suspected: Interim Guidance 28 World Health Organization (2020) Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Effectiveness of airport screening at detecting travellers infected with novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Relative sensitivity of international surveillance, WHO Collaborating Centre for Infectious Disease Modelling, MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Abdul Latif Jameel Institute for Disease and Emergency Analytics (J-IDEA) A SARS-like cluster of circulating bat coronaviruses shows potential for human emergence Discovery of a rich gene pool of bat SARS-related coronaviruses provides new insights into the origin of SARS coronavirus This research did not receive any specific funding.
    keywords: coronavirus; ncov; novel; sars; transmission
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        item: #3369 of 5187
          id: cord-319164-wbrnhpgs
      author: Luellen, E.
       title: A Machine Learning Explanation of Incidence Inequalities of SARS-CoV-2 Across 88 Days in 157 Countries
        date: 2020-06-08
       words: 1913
      flesch: 42
     summary: Based on the artificial intelligence and statistical analysis, 13 independent variables, each demonstrating a statistically significant relationship with incidence rate by a P-value < .05, explains 97.4% of the variability between incidence rates during the growth phase of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic cycle across 88 days in 157 countries. From which four terms believed to be potential modulators of incidence rate were excluded because of P-values in excess of .05: maximum ultraviolet (UV) index (P-value = .348), minimum temperature (P-value = .896), humidity (P-value = .956), dengue fever incidence rate (P-value = .131), and median age (P-value = .062.
    keywords: author; incidence; license; medrxiv; preprint
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        item: #3370 of 5187
          id: cord-319184-voc0eqb9
      author: Abduljalil, Jameel M.
       title: Laboratory diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2: available approaches and limitations
        date: 2020-06-14
       words: 1122
      flesch: 15
     summary: SSRN Electron J 2020 Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection by Detection of Nucleocapsid Protein Dysregulation of immune response 513 in patients with COVID-19 in Immune responses in COVID-19 and potential 516 vaccines: Lessons learned from SARS and MERS epidemic Profile of specific antibodies to SARS-CoV-2: The first report Evaluation of commercial and automated SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgA ELISAs using 522 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patient samples Serological immunochromatographic 525 approach in diagnosis with SARS-CoV-2 infected COVID-19 patients Antibody testing for COVID-19: A report from the National COVID Scientific Advisory 529 Development of a 531 prototype immunochromatographic test for rapid diagnosis of respiratory adenovirus 532 infection A Rapid and Specific Assay for the 444 Detection of Rapid and specific detection of Asian-and African-lineage Zika viruses Using Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Combined with a Avian-Origin Influenza A (H7N9) Virus by Reverse Transcription Loop Isothermal Amplification Combined with a Lateral-Flow Device Rapid and visual detection of 2019 458 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) by a reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal 459 amplification assay Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assays Targeting SARS-CoV-2 Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of 467 SARS-CoV-2 Development of a reverse 469 transcription-loop-mediated isothermal amplification as a rapid early-detection method for 470 novel SARS-CoV-2 RT-LAMP)
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; detection; sars
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        item: #3371 of 5187
          id: cord-319194-ukuia48s
      author: Liò, Pietro
       title: Phylogenomics and bioinformatics of SARS-CoV
        date: 2004-02-04
       words: 4490
      flesch: 42
     summary: For example, many predicted protein sequences for the oxidation of inorganic compounds including thiosulfate and hydrogen, which provide reducing energy for carbon dioxide and nitrogen fixation are encoded, and also carbon monoxide and formate dehydrogenases. The low conservation of the S1A region among coronavirus sequences suggests that once more strains of SARS-CoV or other closely related species are available it will become possible to use innovative comparative sequence analyses to examine positive selection that acts in this region
    keywords: coronavirus; cov; genome; mutation; protein; region; rna; s1b; sars; sequences; structure
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        item: #3372 of 5187
          id: cord-319236-gxcs77pl
      author: Chen, Qingyan
       title: Can we migrate COVID-19 spreading risk?
        date: 2020-08-28
       words: 1479
      flesch: 60
     summary: If SARS-CoV-2 virus is airborne, it would be similar to SARS virus (van Doremalen et al., 2020) . Our SARS study found that during a four-hour flight, about 20 % of passengers would be infected if one SARS patient is on the plane (Olsen et al., 2003) and SARS virus was airborne.
    keywords: air; cov-2; sars; virus
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        item: #3373 of 5187
          id: cord-319241-div9rzax
      author: Singh, Bhuchitra
       title: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome‐Corona Virus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) and its Effect on Gametogenesis and Early Pregnancy
        date: 2020-09-23
       words: 4391
      flesch: 42
     summary: Specifically, it can be suggested that clinicians practicing assisted reproductive technology should be particularly cautious, as SARS CoV-2 infection and systemic effects may impact testicular tissues, ovarian tissue, and granulosa cells and therefore testicular and ovarian function, spermatozoa, oocyte quality, and Since its first identification, more cases of COVID-19 have been counted than that of MERS and SARS combined.
    keywords: ace2; article; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; infection; pregnancy; sars; study; women
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        item: #3374 of 5187
          id: cord-319248-ynoxec7k
      author: Matsuyama, Toshifumi
       title: An aberrant STAT pathway is central to COVID-19
        date: 2020-10-09
       words: 10011
      flesch: 39
     summary: In the nucleus, protein inhibitor of activated STAT3 (PIAS3) and PIAS1 can bind activated STAT3 and STAT1 dimers (5, Fig. 3 ), respectively, and block them from binding to DNA, thus inhibiting STAT mediated transcription. Ramana et al. reported that the IFN-II induction of SOCS3 in STAT1-deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts was derived from activated STAT3 [61] .
    keywords: activation; activity; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; expression; factor; fig; ifn; infection; lung; orf6; pai-1; patients; production; protein; sars; signaling; stat3; type
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        item: #3375 of 5187
          id: cord-319273-ok2p1h9f
      author: Lai, Yu-Ju
       title: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 and the deduction effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in pregnancy
        date: 2020-08-17
       words: 2699
      flesch: 45
     summary: 11-30 Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) caused by SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) erupted in November 2002 in Guangdong province, China. 10 Pregnant women may be infected with such serious respiratory disease, and we here review a limited cases series of pregnant women with SARS and MERS, which can be helpful for pregnant women who are infected with SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: angiotensin; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; pregnancy; sars; women
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        item: #3376 of 5187
          id: cord-319333-jwbgytwd
      author: Radmard, Sara
       title: Inpatient Neurology Consultations During the Onset of the SARS-CoV-2 New York City Pandemic: A Single Center Case Series
        date: 2020-07-10
       words: 3408
      flesch: 41
     summary: However, we are not able to comment on how these levels compare to COVID-19 patients without neurologic symptoms in our inpatient population, COVID-19 patients in the outpatient setting, nor to healthy controls. Novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in humans: a scoping review and meta-analysis Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Neurologic alterations due to respiratory virus infections Neurological manifestations of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective case series study Neurologic features in severe SARS-CoV-2 infection Venous and arterial thromboembolic complications in COVID-19 patients admitted to an academic hospital in Incidence of thrombotic complications in critically ill ICU patients with COVID-19 Macrothrombosis and stroke in patients with mild Covid-19 infection Large-vessel stroke as a presenting feature of Covid-19 in the young Clinical predictors of mortality due to COVID-19 based on an analysis of data of 150 patients from Wuhan COVID-19: ICU delirium management during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome Epidemiology of acute symptomatic seizures among adult medical admissions Seizures associated with coronavirus infections Acute ischaemic stroke and infection: recent and emerging concepts Why now?
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; data; disease; infection; patients; sars; stroke
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        item: #3377 of 5187
          id: cord-319337-w9zyshzb
      author: Yu, Jingyou
       title: DNA vaccine protection against SARS-CoV-2 in rhesus macaques
        date: 2020-05-20
       words: 2724
      flesch: 38
     summary: respiratory syndrome coronavirus Reverse genetics with a full-length infectious cDNA of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Dissecting Polyclonal Vaccine-Induced Humoral Immunity against HIV Using Systems Serology Lack of therapeutic efficacy of an antibody to α4β7 in SIVmac251-infected rhesus macaques Virological assessment of hospitalized patients with COVID-2019 Development of an inactivated vaccine candidate for SARS-CoV-2 A strategic approach to COVID-19 vaccine R&D A recombinant VSV-vectored MERS-CoV vaccine induces neutralizing antibody and T cell responses in rhesus monkeys after single dose immunization A synthetic consensus anti-spike protein DNA vaccine induces protective immunity against Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in nonhuman primates Adenovirus-based vaccine prevents pneumonia in ferrets challenged with the SARS coronavirus and stimulates robust immune responses in macaques Immunogenicity, safety, and protective efficacy of an inactivated SARS-associated coronavirus vaccine in rhesus monkeys VRC 301 Study Team, A SARS DNA vaccine induces neutralizing antibody and cellular immune responses in healthy adults in a Phase I clinical trial Durability and correlates of vaccine protection against Zika virus in rhesus monkeys Immunization with SARS coronavirus vaccines leads to pulmonary immunopathology on challenge with the SARS virus Anti-spike IgG causes severe acute lung injury by skewing macrophage responses during acute SARS-CoV infection We also acknowledge a Burroughs Wellcome Fund Postdoctoral Enrichment Program Award to D.R.M. Author contributions: D.H.B. designed the study This license does not apply to figures/photos/artwork or other content included in the article that is credited to a third party; obtain authorization from the rights holder before using such material. These data demonstrate vaccine protection against SARS-CoV-2 in nonhuman primates.
    keywords: animals; cov-2; fig; protection; responses; sars; sgmrna; vaccine
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        item: #3378 of 5187
          id: cord-319351-hcxbkvgd
      author: Benrahma, H.
       title: Epidemiological description and analysis of RdRp, E and N genes dynamic by RT-PCR of SARS-CoV-2 in Moroccan population: Experience of the National Reference Laboratory (LNR)-UM6SS
        date: 2020-06-20
       words: 1549
      flesch: 51
     summary: To date, no studies exploring the variation of RdRp, N and E genes expression of SARS-CoV-94 2 in the patient's specimen. The current SARS-CoV-2 outbreak is the third epidemic attributed to coronavirus in the 21st 183 century, and incredibly the number of confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection has surpassed SARS 184 and MERS in world wild
    keywords: funder; medrxiv; preprint; sars
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        item: #3379 of 5187
          id: cord-319408-841c0g1c
      author: Salvatore, Christine M
       title: Neonatal management and outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic: an observation cohort study
        date: 2020-07-23
       words: 4643
      flesch: 48
     summary: Unless medically required, neonates were kept in a closed Giraffe isolette in the same room as their mothers, and were held by mothers for feeding after appropriate hand hygiene, breast cleansing, and placement of a surgical mask. Neonates were tested for SARS-CoV-2 by use of real-time PCR on nasopharyngeal swabs taken at 24 h, 5–7 days, and 14 days of life, and were clinically evaluated by telemedicine at 1 month of age.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; days; infection; life; mothers; neonates; sars
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        item: #3380 of 5187
          id: cord-319447-xanewi59
      author: Sun, Jiya
       title: Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals the intensive early-stage responses of host cells to SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-05-01
       words: 3254
      flesch: 40
     summary: Using time-series profiling of the virus genome and host transcriptome at the same time during SARS-CoV-2 infection coupled with comparative transcriptome analysis, we found that, compared to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2 induces strong host cell responses at the very early stage of infection that not only favor its high infectivity to host cells but also restrict its pathogenesis. While recent efforts have been focused on transcriptome analysis of host responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection at a certain time point in certain cell lines [5, 6] , the transcriptional dynamics of host responses to the virus infection has remained largely unexplored.
    keywords: cells; cov-2; figure; host; infection; mers; sars; virus
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        item: #3381 of 5187
          id: cord-319469-fkuqs3ie
      author: Ray, A.
       title: Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody in hospitalized patients in a tertiary referral center in North India
        date: 2020-08-25
       words: 2940
      flesch: 45
     summary: Positive serology against SARS CoV-2 was detected in 19.8% patients(95% CI 14.7-25.8). The present study indicates that around 19.8% of cases admitted to hospital, without prior history of confirmed COVID-19, had been exposed to SARS CoV-2 causing predominantly mild/asymptomatic infections.
    keywords: covid-19; license; patients; preprint; sars; seroprevalence; study
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        item: #3382 of 5187
          id: cord-319501-a2x1hvkk
      author: Wong, Lok-Yin Roy
       title: A molecular arms race between host innate antiviral response and emerging human coronaviruses
        date: 2016-01-15
       words: 7773
      flesch: 38
     summary: In a previous study, MERS-CoV M is shown to impede IFN production by preventing IRF3 translocation into the nucleus (Yang et al., 2013) . Among the five accessory proteins, ORF4a, ORF4b and ORF5 show the ability to dampen IFN production (Yang et al., 2013) .
    keywords: activation; coronavirus; cov; covs; et al; host; human; ifn; mers; production; proteins; rig; rna; sars; syndrome; type
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        item: #3383 of 5187
          id: cord-319519-mb9ofh12
      author: Ding, J.
       title: A network-informed analysis of SARS-CoV-2 and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis genes' interactions points to Neutrophil Extracellular Traps as mediators of thrombosis in COVID-19
        date: 2020-07-02
       words: 7253
      flesch: 42
     summary: HLH genes are significantly enriched within the SARS-CoV-2 host protein interactome 106 In the case of the SARS-Cov-2 pandemic, with widespread impact across the world, there 107 is an urgency that requires the adaptation of different strategies to understand COVID-19. After the method was validated, we compared the connectivity score for HLH genes 138 listed above with all genes that connect to SARS-CoV-2 proteins through our assembled protein-139 protein interaction network (Fig. 2) .
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; disease; genes; hlh; license; medrxiv; nets; network; preprint; proteins; sars
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        item: #3384 of 5187
          id: cord-319540-kivk3h1k
      author: Uhe, Tobias
       title: Collateral damage: Fear from SARS-CoV2-infection causing Takotsubo cardiomyopathy
        date: 2020-07-13
       words: 862
      flesch: 44
     summary: Patients with TTS caused by emotional stress show better long-term outcomes compared with ACS patients or TTS with physical triggers [3] . Collateral damages in this context range from patients avoiding contact to medical professionals despite symptoms, delayed or false diagnoses (because of changes in previously standardized processes) to indirect effects causing psychological and physical diseases [4] [5] [6] .
    keywords: cov2; fig; patient; sars
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        item: #3385 of 5187
          id: cord-319555-pccqo36g
      author: Beggs, Clive B.
       title: Upper-room ultraviolet air disinfection might help to reduce COVID-19 transmission in buildings: a feasibility study
        date: 2020-10-13
       words: 6203
      flesch: 39
     summary: controlled trial of upper room ultraviolet air disinfection: a basis for new dosing guidelines Air disinfection in measles transmission hotspots Airborne spread of SARS-CoV-2 and a potential role for air disinfection A multi-zone model evaluation of the efficacy of upper-room air ultraviolet germicidal irradiation Toward understanding the risk of secondary airborne infection: emission of respirable pathogens Effect of room mixing and ventilation strategy on the performance of upper room ultraviolet germicidal irradiation systems Modeling infection risk and energy use of upper-room Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation systems in multi-room environments. In particular, upper-room ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI), a technology that disinfects room air, has been muted as a potential intervention that might prove effective against COVID-19 Nardell & Nathavitharana, 2020; Skorzewska, 2020) .
    keywords: air; cov-2; irradiation; room; sars; value
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        item: #3386 of 5187
          id: cord-319571-fspmgg4s
      author: Sehailia, Moussa
       title: Antimalarial-agent artemisinin and derivatives portray more potent binding to Lys353 and Lys31-binding hotspots of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein than hydroxychloroquine: potential repurposing of artenimol for COVID-19
        date: 2020-07-22
       words: 4899
      flesch: 35
     summary: At the cellular level, direct and indirect mechanisms of CQ and HCQ are believed to inhibit immune activation by reducing Toll-like receptor signaling and cytokine production and, in T cells, reducing CD154 expression (Schrezenmeier & D€ orner, 2020) ; however, the absence of binding assay studies between the SProtein and hACE2 protein in the presence of HCQ opens the door to two main possibilities (Vincent et al., 2005) : the first possibility revolves around HCQ prevention of terminal glycosylation of hACE2 protein which consequently impacts the final attachment between the SProtein and hACE2 protein, whereas the second possibility revolves around HCQ interaction with the receptor binding domain (RBD) of SProtein, thus preventing its docking on hACE2 receptor. Figure 8 indicates a good protein-ligand stability for all three complexes, with HCQ protein complex showing the lowest RMSD value (0.22 Å) followed by artenimol-protein complex (0.24 Å) and artemisinin-protein complex (0.26 Å).
    keywords: artemisinin; binding; complex; cov-2; docking; et al; hace2; hcq; interaction; sars; sprotein
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        item: #3387 of 5187
          id: cord-319580-awtp0mpg
      author: McCartney, Stephen A.
       title: Obesity as a contributor to immunopathology in pregnant and non‐pregnant adults with COVID‐19
        date: 2020-08-11
       words: 3710
      flesch: 36
     summary: Annals of internal medicine The role of adipose tissue immune cells in obesity and low-grade inflammation Adipocytes properties and crosstalk with immune system in obesity-related inflammation Inflamed fat: what starts the fire? medRxiv Facing the noncommunicable disease (NCD) global epidemic--the battle of prevention starts in utero--the FIGO challenge Prevalence of Obesity and Severe Obesity Among Adults: United States Obesity is associated with worse outcomes in COVID-19: Analysis of Early Data From Severe obesity, increasing age and male sex are independently associated with worse in-hospital outcomes, and higher in-hospital mortality Obesity and COVID-19: an Italian snapshot Cytokine release syndrome in severe COVID-19 Clinical characteristics of 113 deceased patients with coronavirus disease 2019:
    keywords: cells; covid-19; disease; immune; obesity; patients; response; tissue; women
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        item: #3388 of 5187
          id: cord-319590-f9qcabcx
      author: Han, Yanxiao
       title: Computational Design of ACE2-Based Peptide Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-04-14
       words: 2773
      flesch: 51
     summary: In summary, using classical molecular dynamics simulations, we have shown that peptide inhibitors extracted from ACE2 provide highly promising trails for SARS-CoV-2 blocking. 10 In the early attempts of SARS-CoV blocking, short peptide inhibitors were studied and amino acid mutations were implemented to the S protein of SARS-CoV. 12, 13
    keywords: cov-2; figure; inhibitors; residues; sars
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        item: #3389 of 5187
          id: cord-319664-gyktrd36
      author: Mancini, Fabiola
       title: Laboratory management for SARS-CoV-2 detection: a user-friendly combination of the heat treatment approach and rt-Real-time PCR testing
        date: 2020-06-18
       words: 2091
      flesch: 47
     summary: A lower efficiency was observed with the commercial kit where it was registered a range of 1.2 × 10 6 to 70 copies/reaction for purified samples and 4.5 × 10 5 to 80 copies/reaction for heat samples. Realtime rRT-PCR Panel Primers and Probes Whole genome and phylogenetic analysis of two SARS-CoV-2 strains isolated in Italy in Detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real-time RT-PCR Comparative performance of SARS CoV-2 detection assays using seven different primer/probe sets and one assay kit An alternative workflow for molecular detection of SARS CoV-2 -escape from the NA extraction kit-shortage The authors thank Alessia Caratelli, Marina Sbattella and Ambrogio Carlei of the Department of Infectious Disease, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, for technical support.
    keywords: cov-2; pcr; rna; samples; sars
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        item: #3390 of 5187
          id: cord-319704-xzhoa03d
      author: Zuercher, S. J.
       title: Prevalence of Mental Health Problems During Virus Epidemics in the General Public, Health Care Workers and Survivors: A Rapid Review of the Evidence
        date: 2020-05-22
       words: 6880
      flesch: 35
     summary: Xu et al., 2011; Sun et al., 2020) , chronic physical illness (Cheng et al., 2004b) , poor self-rated health (Wang et al., 2020a) , and dissatisfaction with measures controlling the virus . In contrast, accurate health information (e.g., treatment, local outbreak situation) (Wang et al., 2020a) , particular precautionary measures (e.g., hand hygiene, wearing a mask) (Wang et al., 2020a) , social support (Ko et al., 2006; Lau et al., 2006; Cao et al., 2020) , and appraisals and coping strategies (Cheng et al., 2004b; Chew et al., 2020 ) may be protective.
    keywords: care; epidemic; et al; health; license; mhp; outbreak; preprint; public; rates; sars; stress; studies; survivors
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        item: #3391 of 5187
          id: cord-319706-2e9jrv0s
      author: Ebinger, Joseph E.
       title: Pre-existing traits associated with Covid-19 illness severity
        date: 2020-07-23
       words: 4912
      flesch: 32
     summary: For the total sample of Covid-19 patients, we used parametric tests to compare normally distributed continuous variables and non-normally distributed or categorical variables, respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In our healthcare system, greater Covid-19 illness severity is seen in patients who are older, male, African American, obese, with diabetes, and with greater overall comorbidity burden.
    keywords: age; care; covid-19; illness; intubation; male; patients; risk; severity; sex
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        item: #3392 of 5187
          id: cord-319707-j8y9gt2o
      author: Kato, Verstrepen
       title: Neurological manifestations of COVID-19, SARS and MERS
        date: 2020-06-19
       words: 3562
      flesch: 39
     summary: The impact of SARS on epilepsy: the experience of drug withdrawal in epileptic patients Neuromuscular disorders in severe acute respiratory syndrome A major outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Myopathic changes associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome: a postmortem case series The neuronal death induced by endotoxic shock but not that induced by excitatory amino acids requires TNF-alpha Local expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in an animal model of neuropathic pain Infectious Etiologies of Rhabdomyolysis: three Case Reports and Review Rhabdomyolysis associated with probable SARS Olfactory neuropathy in severe acute respiratory syndrome: report of A case Strokes, thromboembolic events, and IVIg: rare incidents blemish an excellent safety record Large artery ischaemic stroke in severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Chronic widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, depression and disordered sleep in chronic post-SARS syndrome; a case-controlled study Autonomic dysfunction in recovered severe acute respiratory syndrome patients Outcomes and prognostic factors in 267 patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage in a patient with Middle East respiratory syndrome corona virus Neurological complications of middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus: a report of two cases and review of the literature Neurologic syndrome due to MERS: is there a possibility that the virus can cross the blood-brain barrier to cause a neurological problem Clinical aspects and outcomes of 70 patients with middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection: a single-center experience in Saudi Arabia Severe neurologic syndrome associated with Middle East respiratory syndrome corona virus (MERS-CoV) Pathology and pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 is a functional receptor for the emerging human coronavirus-EMC Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 is a novel adipokine potentially linking obesity to the metabolic syndrome Neurological Complications during Treatment of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Peripheral neurotoxicity of pegylated interferon alpha. Indian journal of pediatrics Multiple organ infection and the pathogenesis of SARS Detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in the brain: potential role of the chemokine mig in pathogenesis Detection of SARS coronavirus RNA in the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient with severe acute respiratory syndrome
    keywords: articles; coronavirus; covid-19; manifestations; mers; patients; sars; syndrome
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        item: #3393 of 5187
          id: cord-319718-blqzi69t
      author: Zhang, L.
       title: Genome-wide variations of SARS-CoV-2 infer evolution relationship and transmission route
        date: 2020-05-03
       words: 1697
      flesch: 58
     summary: As the ratio of A / B strains in the epidemic months showed an increasing trend (0.35: 1 in January, 0.62: 1 in February and 0.76: 1 in March), it seems that the transmissibility of group A strains becomes stronger with time. The differences in the transmissibility, pathogenicity and clinical manifestations of different types of strains require further investigations.
    keywords: license; medrxiv; preprint
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        item: #3394 of 5187
          id: cord-319728-d0kf9gme
      author: Lucchini, Matteo
       title: Is serological response to SARS-CoV-2 preserved in MS patients on ocrelizumab treatment? A case report
        date: 2020-06-22
       words: 1384
      flesch: 42
     summary: key: cord-319728-d0kf9gme authors: Lucchini, Matteo; Bianco, Assunta; Giacomo, Paola Del; De Fino, Chiara; Nociti, Viviana; Mirabella, Massimiliano title: Is serological response to SARS-CoV-2 preserved in MS patients on ocrelizumab treatment? A case report date: 2020-06-22 journal: Mult Scler Relat Disord DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2020.102323 sha: doc_id: 319728 cord_uid: d0kf9gme The emergency represented by the COVID-19 pandemic represents a new challenge for clinicians who deal with autoimmune diseases because of patients undergoing immunosuppressive therapy.
    keywords: covid-19; iga; ocrelizumab; patient
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        item: #3395 of 5187
          id: cord-319749-je0l22l5
      author: Lippi, Alice
       title: SARS‐CoV‐2: At the Crossroad Between Aging and Neurodegeneration
        date: 2020-04-24
       words: 3094
      flesch: 36
     summary: Moreover, the SARS-CoV virus uses the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) as a site for the synthesis and processing of viral proteins. For this reason, autophagy represents an innate immune defense against viruses by delivering viruses and viral proteins to lysosomes for degradation.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; host; infection; influenza; protein; sars; virus
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        item: #3396 of 5187
          id: cord-319754-5isw53wl
      author: Balgoma, David
       title: Lipidomics Issues on Human Positive ssRNA Virus Infection: An Update
        date: 2020-08-31
       words: 12122
      flesch: 37
     summary: This energetic burden has been demonstrated to be afforded by the cooperation of three fusion peptides in influenza virus membrane fusion [23] , whereas two adjacent trimers of the fusion protein are required in West Nile virus [24] . This process implies viral envelope and host cell membrane fusion, for which an energetically cost-effective barrier must be overcome.
    keywords: cell; cell membrane; cholesterol; entry; host; host cell; infection; lipid; membrane; membrane fusion; metabolism; pathway; protein; replication; role; sars; study; virus; virus entry; virus infection; virus replication; viruses
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        item: #3397 of 5187
          id: cord-319780-rfj9t99r
      author: Alexander, S.P.H.
       title: A rational roadmap for SARS‐CoV‐2/COVID‐19 pharmacotherapeutic research and development. IUPHAR Review 29
        date: 2020-05-01
       words: 15233
      flesch: 30
     summary: A truncated version of human recombinant ACE2, lacking the transmembrane domain, mitigated against SARS-CoV infection of cells (Li et al., 2003) and has been used in animal models to reduce symptoms of severe acute lung failure , diabetic nephropathy (Oudit et al., 2010) and cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis . It has been used to treat influenza A infection through targeting the M2 ion channel (Pinto et al., 1992; Wang et al., 1993; Holsinger et al., 1994) , although it is no longer recommended in the UK or US because of drug resistance (for review, see Li et al., 2015) .
    keywords: ace2; activity; acute; angiotensin; binding; cells; converting; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; domain; drug; entry; enzyme; et al; host; human; infection; inhibitors; interferon; membrane; mers; protease; protein; receptor; replication; review; rna; sars; sars coronavirus; spike; structure; syndrome; target; tmprss2
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        item: #3398 of 5187
          id: cord-319781-6thdg2up
      author: Payne, Kelly
       title: Twenty-First Century Viral Pandemics: A Literature Review of Sexual Transmission and Fertility Implications in Men
        date: 2020-07-24
       words: 8239
      flesch: 45
     summary: SARS-Cov-2, the most recent viral pandemic included in this review, is expected to behave similar to SARS virus, but further data are required to validate these assumptions. ELevated 17b-estradiol protects females from influenza A virus pathogenesis by suppressing inflammatory responses Critically ill children during the 2009-2010 influenza pandemic in the United States Correlates of severe disease in patients with 2009 pandemic influenza (H1N1) virus infection Probable noneVectorborne transmission of Zika virus Persistence and clinical relevance of Zika virus in the male genital tract Zika virus shedding in semen of symptomatic infected men Effect of acute Zika virus infection on sperm and virus clearance in body fluids: a prospective observational study Sexual transmission of Zika virus and other flaviviruses: a living systematic review Persistence of Zika virus in body fluids -Final report Zika virus infects human testicular tissue and germ cells Sexually acquired Zika virus: a systematic review Low risk of a sexuallytransmitted Zika virus outbreak The dual role of the immune response in reproductive organs during Zika virus infection Zika virus causes testicular atrophy Zika virus infection damages the testes in mice Zika virus in semen: a prospective cohort study of symptomatic travellers returning to Belgium Potential effect of Zika virus infection on human male fertility? Ebola (Ebola Virus Disease)
    keywords: days; disease; ebola; fertility; immune; infection; influenza; rna; sars; semen; studies; transmission; virus; wnv; zika
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        item: #3399 of 5187
          id: cord-319797-455ldhiy
      author: Kumar, Deepali
       title: COVID‐19: A global transplant perspective on successfully navigating a pandemic
        date: 2020-04-12
       words: 2059
      flesch: 42
     summary: Based on our collective experience, we discuss mitigation strategies such as donor screening, resource planning, and a staged approach to transplant volume considerations as local resource issues demand. [5] This knowledge has then been used to generate algorithms for donor screening, not using organs from potentially infected donors, and recipient management.
    keywords: donor; pandemic; screening; transplant; transplantation
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        item: #3400 of 5187
          id: cord-319799-h9kot3og
      author: Schäfer, Alexandra
       title: Epigenetic Landscape during Coronavirus Infection
        date: 2017-02-15
       words: 10092
      flesch: 29
     summary: It is becoming well established that many DNA viruses, and to some lesser extent RNA viruses, have evolved functions that antagonize the regulatory machine of the host epigenome, leading to regulated changes in host gene expression that lead to a favorable environment for virus replication and spread [36] . Over the last decade, research efforts have revealed a dynamic range of epigenetic factors that shape and regulate chromatin status, leading to changes in host gene expression patterns, and therefore to alterations in phenotypes.
    keywords: cells; chromatin; cov; dna; expression; gene; genome; histone; host; infection; like; mechanisms; methylation; modifications; protein; response; transcription; viruses
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        item: #3401 of 5187
          id: cord-319831-e07vt846
      author: Popescu, Saskia
       title: Roadblocks to Infection Prevention Efforts in Health Care: SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 Response
        date: 2020-03-30
       words: 1829
      flesch: 37
     summary: In the future, when we evaluate our response to COVID-19 and look to invest in infectious disease readiness and health care preparedness, it is critical that we do not neglect the role of infection prevention programs and the value they bring to biodefense. As hospitals work to acquire enough personal protective equipment and brace for potential cases, the role of infection prevention efforts and programs has become increasingly important.
    keywords: care; efforts; health; infection; outbreak
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        item: #3402 of 5187
          id: cord-319833-u9uuuu38
      author: Rodriguez-Martinez, Carlos E.
       title: Decontamination and reuse of N95 filtering facemask respirators: a systematic review of the literature
        date: 2020-07-08
       words: 7304
      flesch: 38
     summary: 15 UVGI efficiency hampered by shadowing produced by the multiple layers of the N95 FFRs/ (all FFR models) 17 UVGI performance can vary among different models of N95 FFRs, different parts of the respirators, distinct types of UVGI, and number of cycles of decontamination Considerable impact on the strap tension of some N95 FFR models (with 20 cycles of decontamination)/ (3M 1860, 3M 1870, Kimberly-Clark PFR) 10 Better reduction in B. subtilis recovery with UV-C than with UV-A/ (3M 8210) Future studies are required in order to establish the efficacy and security of these decontamination methods on different N95 FFR models and the maximum allowed number of cycles of decontamination under different conditions.
    keywords: cycles; decontamination; ffrs; filter; filtration; fit; methods; models; n95; n95 ffrs; performance; respirators; sars; uvgi
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        item: #3403 of 5187
          id: cord-319855-78xmxymu
      author: BR, Bharath
       title: In silico screening of known small molecules to bind ACE2 specific RBD on Spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 for repurposing against COVID-19
        date: 2020-07-01
       words: 4806
      flesch: 49
     summary: Meanwhile, the subsequent neighbours were Pangolin MP789 and SARS-CoV. As depicted in Figure 4 , the alignment between the S-protein of SARS-CoV-2 and that of Bat coronavirus RaTG13 was closer than with the S-protein of SARS-CoV.
    keywords: ace2; cov-2; figure; interaction; molecules; protein; rbd; rmsd; sars
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        item: #3404 of 5187
          id: cord-319864-t6ql9hz2
      author: Lima, Amorce
       title: Validation of a Modified CDC Assay and Performance Comparison with the NeuMoDx™ and DiaSorin® automated assays for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Respiratory Specimens
        date: 2020-11-11
       words: 3053
      flesch: 52
     summary: f the First Rapid Multiplex PCR Commercial Assay for SARS-CoV-2 Detection Clinical evaluation of a SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR assay on a fully automated system for rapid on-demand testing in the hospital setting Rapid and sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA using the Simplexa™ COVID-19 direct assay Clinical Evaluation of the cobas SARS-CoV-2 Test and a Diagnostic Platform Switch during 48 Hours in the Midst of the COVID-19 Pandemic US CDC Real-Time Reverse Transcription PCR Panel for Detection of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Comparison of Abbott ID Now, Diasorin Simplexa, and CDC FDA EUA methods for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 from nasopharyngeal and nasal swabs from individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 Comparison of Commercially Available and Laboratory Developed Assays for in vitro Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Clinical Laboratories Clinical Evaluation of Three Sample-To-Answer Platforms for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 We are grateful to University of Texas Medical Branch for providing SARS CoV-2 RNA Template for the validation of the modified CDC SARS-CoV-2 assay. Our laboratory at Tampa General Hospital validated a modified version of the CDC assay following the FDA EUA guidelines and brought in commercial assays to help respond to the testing demand.
    keywords: assay; cdc; cov-2; samples; sars; testing
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        item: #3405 of 5187
          id: cord-319876-psilbis0
      author: Zhu, Jian
       title: COVID-19 Epidemic: Clinical Characteristics of Patients in Pediatric Isolation Ward
        date: 2020-07-09
       words: 2428
      flesch: 53
     summary: In order to accurately admit children with COVID-19 to an isolation ward, our study retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics of children in isolation wards during the COVID-19 epidemic. 4, 5 It is mentioned that medical institutions should set up isolation wards.
    keywords: cases; children; coronavirus; covid-19; isolation; ward
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        item: #3406 of 5187
          id: cord-319877-izn315hb
      author: de Wit, Emmie
       title: SARS and MERS: recent insights into emerging coronaviruses
        date: 2016-06-27
       words: 9406
      flesch: 31
     summary: Middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus 4a protein is a double-stranded RNA-binding protein that suppresses PACT-induced activation of RIG-I and MDA5 in the innate antiviral response The structural and accessory proteins M, ORF 4a, ORF 4b, and ORF 5 of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) are potent interferon antagonists Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus ORF4b protein inhibits type I interferon production through both cytoplasmic and nuclear targets Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus papain-like protease ubiquitin-like domain and catalytic domain regulate antagonism of IRF3 and NF-κB signaling Regulation of IRF-3-dependent innate immunity by the papain-like protease domain of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus The SARS coronavirus papain like protease can inhibit IRF3 at a post activation step that requires deubiquitination activity Crystal structure of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) papain-like protease bound to ubiquitin facilitates targeted disruption of deubiquitinating activity to demonstrate its role in innate immune suppression SARS coronavirus nsp1 protein induces template-dependent endonucleolytic cleavage of mRNAs: viral mRNAs are resistant to nsp1-induced RNA cleavage A two-pronged strategy to suppress host protein synthesis by SARS coronavirus nsp1 protein Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus nsp1 facilitates efficient propagation in cells through a specific translational shutoff of host mRNA Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus evades antiviral signaling: role of nsp1 and rational design of an attenuated strain Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus nsp1 inhibits host gene expression by selectively targeting mRNAs transcribed in the nucleus while sparing mRNAs of cytoplasmic origin Molecular determinants for subcellular localization of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus open reading frame 3b protein Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus open reading frame (ORF) 3b, ORF 6, and nucleocapsid proteins function as interferon antagonists MAVS-mediated apoptosis and its inhibition by viral proteins Pathogenic influenza viruses and coronaviruses utilize similar and contrasting approaches to control interferon-stimulated gene responses Mechanisms of action of ribavirin against distinct viruses Ribavirin and interferon therapy in patients infected with the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: an observational study Clinical analysis of the first patient with imported Middle East respiratory syndrome in China Clinical features and short-term outcomes of 144 patients with SARS in the greater Toronto area Identification of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Canada Development of a standard treatment protocol for severe acute respiratory syndrome A cluster of cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Interferon alfacon-1 plus corticosteroids in severe acute respiratory syndrome: a preliminary study Description and clinical treatment of an early outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Guangzhou, PR Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Singapore: clinical features of index patient and initial contacts Coronaviruses lacking exoribonuclease activity are susceptible to lethal mutagenesis: evidence for proofreading and potential therapeutics Broad-spectrum antivirals for the emerging Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Inhibition of novel β coronavirus replication by a combination of interferon-α2b and ribavirin Interferon-β and mycophenolic acid are potent inhibitors of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in cell-based assays Ribavirin and interferon-β synergistically inhibit SARS-associated coronavirus replication in animal and human cell lines Treatment with interferon-α2b and ribavirin improves outcome in MERS-CoV-infected rhesus macaques The first application of a potential treatment option for MERS through the repurposing of IFNα2b and ribavirin in a non-human primate model Ribavirin and interferon alfa-2a for severe Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection: a retrospective cohort study IFN-α2a or IFN-β1a in combination with ribavirin to treat Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus pneumonia: a retrospective study Ribavirin and interferon-α2b as primary and preventive treatment for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: a preliminary report of two cases Treatment with lopinavir/ritonavir or interferon-β1b improves outcome of MERS-CoV infection in a non-human primate model of common marmoset Treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome with lopinavir/ritonavir: a multicentre retrospective matched cohort study Role of lopinavir/ritonavir in the treatment of SARS: initial virological and clinical findings Virological and serological analysis of a recent Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection case on a triple combination antiviral regimen Middle East respiratory syndrome-coronavirus infection: a case report of serial computed tomographic findings in a young male patient Combination therapy with lopinavir/ ritonavir, ribavirin and interferon-α for Middle East respiratory syndrome: a case report Clinical implications of five cases of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in South Korea Outbreak From SARS to MERS: crystallographic studies on coronaviral proteases enable antiviral drug design Thiopurine analogs and mycophenolic acid synergistically inhibit the papainlike protease of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Ligand-induced dimerization of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus nsp5 protease (3CL pro ): implications for nsp5 regulation and the development of antivirals Screening of an FDA-approved compound library identifies four small-molecule inhibitors of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus replication in cell culture International Severe Acute Respiratory & Emerging Infection Consortium. WHO Nidovirus transcription: how to make sense…? Coronaviruses post-SARS: update on replication and pathogenesis Coronaviruses: an overview of their replication and pathogenesis SARS-coronavirus replication is supported by a reticulovesicular network of modified endoplasmic reticulum Unique and conserved features of genome and proteome of SARS-coronavirus, an early split-off from the coronavirus group 2 lineage Infidelity of SARS-CoV nsp14-exonuclease mutant virus replication is revealed by complete genome sequencing Insights into RNA synthesis, capping, and proofreading mechanisms of SARS-coronavirus Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 is a functional receptor for the emerging human coronavirus-EMC Isolation and characterization of viruses related to the SARS coronavirus from animals in southern China Ecology, evolution and classification of bat coronaviruses in the aftermath of SARS Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus neutralizing serum antibodies in dromedary camels: a comparative serological study Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in dromedary camels: an outbreak investigation Evidence for camel-to-human transmission of MERS coronavirus MERS coronavirus in dromedary camel herd, Saudi Arabia Isolation of MERS coronavirus from a dromedary camel Co-circulation of three camel coronavirus species and recombination of MERS-CoVs in Saudi Arabia Transmission characteristics of MERS and SARS in the healthcare setting: a comparative study An analysis of the predominant role for nosocomial transmission in the epidemiology of both SARS and MERS Transmission of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infections in healthcare settings Epidemiology, transmission dynamics and control of SARS: the 2002-2003 epidemic Preliminary epidemiological assessment of MERS-CoV outbreak in South Korea Clinical progression and viral load in a community outbreak of coronavirus-associated SARS pneumonia: a prospective study A description of the clinical representation of SARS-CoV respiratory disease in patients from Hong Kong Environmental contamination and viral shedding in MERS patients during MERS-CoV outbreak in South Korea Evidence that infectious MERS-CoV can be detected on common hospital surfaces during an outbreak, which highlights the potential for nosocomial transmission and stresses the need for infection control The role of superspreading in Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) transmission Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus superspreading event involving 81 persons the role of super-spreaders in infectious disease Clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural findings of a fatal case of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in the United Arab Emirates A crucial role of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in SARS coronavirus-induced lung injury Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 protects from severe acute lung failure Temporal relationship of viral load, ribavirin, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and clinical progression in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Clinical features and virological analysis of a case of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Kinetics and pattern of viral excretion in biological specimens of two MERS-CoV cases Biomarkers in acute respiratory distress syndrome The mercurial nature of neutrophils: still an enigma in ARDS? SARS-CoV virus-host interactions and comparative etiologies of acute respiratory distress syndrome as determined by transcriptional and cytokine profiling of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues Distinct immune response in two MERS-CoV-infected patients: can we go from bench to bedside? Elucidating the molecular physiopathology of acute respiratory distress syndrome in severe acute respiratory syndrome patients Early enhanced expression of interferon-inducible protein-10 (CXCL-10) and other chemokines predicts adverse outcome in severe acute respiratory syndrome Interferon-mediated immunopathological events are associated with atypical innate and adaptive immune responses in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Genome wide identification of SARS-CoV susceptibility loci using the Collaborative Cross Sensing of RNA viruses: a review of innate immune receptors involved in recognizing RNA virus invasion SARS-CoV pathogenesis is regulated by a STAT1 dependent but a type I, II and III interferon receptor independent mechanism MyD88 is required for protection from lethal infection with a mouse-adapted SARS-CoV Rapid generation of a mouse model for Middle East respiratory syndrome A study in which the DPP4-based host restriction is overcome in mice by expression of the human variant of DPP4, leading to the development of several transgenic mouse models MERS-coronavirus replication induces severe in vitro cytopathology and is strongly inhibited by cyclosporin A or interferon-α treatment Ultrastructure and origin of membrane vesicles associated with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus replication complex
    keywords: coronavirus; cov; east; host; human; infection; mers; middle; patients; protein; replication; respiratory; ribavirin; sars; syndrome; syndrome coronavirus; transmission; treatment
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        item: #3407 of 5187
          id: cord-319900-16osnnga
      author: Arcadepani, Felipe B.
       title: The SARS-Cov-2 threat in Cracolândia, an open-air drug use scene in Brazil
        date: 2020-07-02
       words: 1046
      flesch: 40
     summary: Vaccination against influenza is another simple measure that can be used to protect individual and public health. Health and Public Policy to Faciitate Effective Prevention and Treatment of Substance Use Disorders Involving Illicit and Prescription Drugs: An American College of Physicians Positive Paper Early Transmission Dynamics in Wuhan, China, of Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia COVID-19: what is next for public health?
    keywords: health; people; population; use
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        item: #3408 of 5187
          id: cord-319920-vn5si7xm
      author: Sampogna, Gianluca
       title: Spinal cord dysfunction after COVID-19 infection
        date: 2020-09-30
       words: 2539
      flesch: 44
     summary: Spinal Cord Atypical presentation of Covid-19 in persons with spinal cord injury The 2019 revision of the International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury (ISNCSCI)-what's new? Updating and validating the charlson comorbidity index and score for risk adjustment in hospital discharge abstracts using data from 6 countries The Catz-Itzkovich SCIM: a revised version of the spinal cord independence measure Clinical characteristics and diagnostic challenges of pediatric COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan COVID-19 and Kawasaki disease: novel virus and novel case COVID-19 and thrombotic or thromboembolic disease: implications for prevention, antithrombotic therapy, and follow-up COVID-19 and its implications for thrombosis and anticoagulation Neurologic manifestations of hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease Neurologic features in severe SARS-CoV-2 infection Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 and spinal cord injuries: the viewpoint from an emergency department resident with quadriplegia COVID-19 tsunami: the first case of a spinal cord injury patient in Italy COVID-19 and spinal cord injury and disease: results of an international survey COVID-19: screening and triage challenges in people with disability due to spinal cord injury Let's conquer COVID-19 and sustain our abilities Clinical features of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a cohort of patients with disability due to spinal cord injury Patients with cardiovascular, pulmonary, and immunological diseases showed severe COVID-19 presentations.
    keywords: case; cord; covid-19; sars; scd; spinal
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        item: #3409 of 5187
          id: cord-319930-ymqnb54a
      author: Kremer, Stéphane
       title: Brain MRI Findings in Severe COVID-19: A Retrospective Observational Study
        date: 2020-06-16
       words: 3190
      flesch: 30
     summary: N is the total number of patients with available data, and n the number of positive patients. Describe the neuroimaging findings (excluding ischemic infarcts) in patients with severe COVID-19 infection.
    keywords: brain; covid-19; data; flair; hemorrhagic; lesions; mri; patients
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        item: #3410 of 5187
          id: cord-319933-yp9ofhi8
      author: Ruiz, Sara I.
       title: Chapter 38 Animal Models of Human Viral Diseases
        date: 2013-12-31
       words: 28862
      flesch: 41
     summary: Wild-type C57BL/6 adult mice are not permissive to chikungunya virus infection by intradermal inoculation. [Comparative Study Research Support Characterization of clinical and immune response in a rotavirus diarrhea model in suckling Lewis rats Development of a heterologous model in germfree suckling rats for studies of rotavirus diarrhea Studies of oral rehydration solutions in animal models Induction of mucosal immune responses and protection against enteric viruses: rotavirus infection of gnotobiotic pigs as a model Developmental immunity in the piglet Swine in biomedical research Neonatal calf diarrhea induced by rotavirus Characterisation of the primary local and systemic immune response in gnotobiotic lambs against rotavirus infection Experimental infection of non-human primates with a human rotavirus isolate Development of a rotavirus-shedding model in rhesus macaques, using a homologous wild-type rotavirus of a new P genotype Reflections on 30 years of AIDS HIVs and their replication The utility of the new generation of humanized mice to study HIV-1 infection: transmission, prevention, pathogenesis, and treatment Antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis prevents vaginal transmission of HIV-1 in humanized BLT mice Hematopoietic stem cell-engrafted NOD/ SCID/IL2Rgamma null mice develop human lymphoid systems and induce long-lasting HIV-1 infection with specific humoral immune responses HIV-1 infection and CD4 T cell depletion in the humanized Rag2�/� gamma c�/� (RAG-hu) mouse model HIV-1 infection and pathogenesis in a novel humanized mouse model Induction of robust cellular and humoral virusspecific adaptive immune responses in human immunodeficiency virus-infected humanized BLT mice An aptamer-siRNA chimera suppresses HIV-1 viral loads and protects from helper CD4(þ) T cell decline in humanized mice Mucosal immunity and vaccines Low-dose rectal inoculation of rhesus macaques by SIVsmE660 or SIVmac251 recapitulates human mucosal infection by HIV-1 Propagation and dissemination of infection after vaginal transmission of simian immunodeficiency virus Limited dissemination of pathogenic SIV after vaginal challenge of rhesus monkeys immunized with a live Virulence and reduced fitness of simian immunodeficiency virus with the M184V mutation in reverse transcriptase SIV-induced impairment of neurovascular repair: a potential role for VEGF Therapeutic DNA vaccine induces broad T cell responses in the gut and sustained protection from viral rebound and AIDS in SIV-infected rhesus macaques A Nonfucosylated variant of the anti-HIV-1 monoclonal antibody b12 has enhanced FcgammaRIIIamediated antiviral activity in vitro but does not improve protection against mucosal SHIV challenge in macaques A trivalent recombinant Ad5 gag/pol/nef vaccine fails to protect rhesus macaques from infection or control virus replication after a limiting-dose heterologous SIV challenge Animal model for the therapy of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome with reverse transcriptase inhibitors Susceptibility of HIV-2, SIV and SHIV to various anti-HIV-1 compounds: implications for treatment and postexposure prophylaxis Use of a small molecule CCR5 inhibitor in macaques to treat simian immunodeficiency virus infection or prevent simian-human immunodeficiency virus infection SHIV-1157i and passaged progeny viruses encoding R5 HIV-1 clade C env cause AIDS in rhesus monkeys Update on animal models for HIV research Limited or no protection by weakly or nonneutralizing antibodies against vaginal SHIV challenge of macaques compared with a strongly neutralizing antibody Macaque studies of vaccine and microbicide combinations for preventing HIV-1 sexual transmission Vpx is Critical for SIVmne infection of pigtail macaques Impact of short-term HAART initiated during the chronic stage or shortly post-exposure on SIV infection of male genital organs The rhesus macaque pediatric SIV infection modeld a valuable tool in understanding infant HIV-1 pathogenesis and for designing pediatric HIV-1 prevention strategies Perinatal transmission of SHIV-SF162P3 in Macaca nemestrina Immune and genetic correlates of vaccine protection against mucosal infection by SIV in monkeys Chronic administration of tenofovir to rhesus macaques from infancy through adulthood and pregnancy: summary of pharmacokinetics and biological and virological effects Efficacy assessment of a cell-mediated immunity HIV-1 vaccine (the step study): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, test-of-concept trial Human papillomavirus in cervical cancer Human papillomavirus research: do we still need animal models? Animal models of papillomavirus pathogenesis Evidence of human papillomavirus vaccine effectiveness in reducing genital warts: an analysis of California public family planning administrative claims data The rabbit viral skin papillomas and carcinomas: a model for the immunogenetics of HPV-associated carcinogenesis Protection of beagle dogs from mucosal challenge with canine oral papillomavirus by immunization with recombinant adenoviruses expressing codon-optimized early genes Naturally occurring, nonregressing canine oral papillomavirus infection: host immunity, virus characterization, and experimental infection Regression of canine oral papillomas is associated with infiltration of CD4þ and CD8þ lymphocytes Characterization and experimental transmission of an oncogenic papillomavirus in female macaques A multimeric L2 vaccine for prevention of animal papillomavirus infections Preclinical development of highly effective and safe DNA vaccines directed against HPV 16 E6 and E7 US doctors investigate more than 50 possible cases of monkeypox Isolation of monkeypox virus from wild squirrel infected in nature Reemergence of monkeypox: prevalence, diagnostics, and countermeasures Human monkeypox infection: a family cluster in the midwestern United States Human monkeypox and other poxvirus infections of man The confirmation and maintenance of smallpox eradication Human monkeypox Identification of wild-derived inbred mouse strains highly susceptible to monkeypox virus infection for use as small animal models A prairie dog animal model of systemic orthopoxvirus disease using west African and Congo Basin strains of monkeypox virus Comparison of monkeypox viruses pathogenesis in mice by in vivo imaging Comparative pathology of North American and central African strains of monkeypox virus in a ground squirrel model of the disease Experimental infection of an African dormouse (Graphiurus kelleni) with monkeypox virus A mouse model of lethal infection for evaluating prophylactics and therapeutics against monkeypox virus Experimental infection of ground squirrels (Spermophilus tridecemlineatus) with monkeypox virus Experimental infection of prairie dogs with monkeypox virus Experimental infection of cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis) with aerosolized monkeypox virus The pathology of experimental aerosolized monkeypox virus infection in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) Immunogenicity of a highly attenuated MVA smallpox vaccine and protection against monkeypox Smallpox vaccine does not protect macaques with AIDS from a lethal monkeypox virus challenge Smallpox vaccine-induced antibodies are necessary and sufficient for protection against monkeypox virus Virulence and pathophysiology of the Congo Basin and west African strains of monkeypox virus in non-human primates
    keywords: acute; animal; animal models; challenge; cynomolgus; days; dengue; develop; disease; encephalitis; encephalitis virus; experimental; fever; hepatitis; human; infected; infection; influenza; inoculation; liver; macaques; mice; model; monkeys; mortality; mouse; nhps; pathogenesis; pigs; rhesus; route; sars; signs; strains; studies; study; symptoms; transmission; vaccine; viral; viremia; virus; virus infection; viruses
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        item: #3411 of 5187
          id: cord-319935-ni6a8vje
      author: Somsen, G. A.
       title: Measurement of small droplet aerosol concentrations in public spaces using handheld particle counters
        date: 2020-10-14
       words: 1847
      flesch: 42
     summary: Using the half-times as measured by us, we calculate that the decrease in the number of aerosol particles after these 6 minutes will vary between 50 and 100%, depending on the ventilation method and the size of the public space. Separate from the measurements involving multiple people producing aerosols, we also investigate the decrease in aerosol concentration over time by generating a known quantity of artificial aerosols using a specially designed spray nozzle as used in [4] , which is known to produce aerosols of the same size distribution as respiratory droplets resulting from coughing (i.e., between 1-10 micrometer with a maximum at 4 micrometer).
    keywords: aerosol; medrxiv; preprint
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        item: #3412 of 5187
          id: cord-319955-spnykv96
      author: Arafah, Azher
       title: S1 Subunit and Host Proteases as Potential Therapeutic Avenues for the Treatment of COVID-19
        date: 2020-05-21
       words: 910
      flesch: 33
     summary: S1 subunit initiates the process of viral entry via attaching with cell receptor while S2 subunit facilities the viral fusion with cell membrane (3) . Since the spike (S) protein is the viral component that with the cleaving action of host proteases facilitates the CoV-2 entry into the host cellular cytoplasm, thus a hypothesis is arises could the blocking of viral S1 subunit and inhibiting of proteases simultaneously with host-friendly inhibitors make the CoV-2 handicapped and prevent its complete entry into target cells.
    keywords: cell; subunit
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        item: #3413 of 5187
          id: cord-319964-ju9japd8
      author: Lu, Jing
       title: Genomic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in Guangdong Province, China
        date: 2020-04-04
       words: 4102
      flesch: 48
     summary: Nevertheless, five clusters (denoted A-E) containing Guangdong sequences had posterior probability support of >80% (i.e. their sequences grouped monophyletically in over 80% of trees in the posterior sample; Figure 3B ). • Large-scale epidemiological surveillance and intervention measures were effective in interrupting community transmission in Guangdong Summary COVID-19 is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus and was first reported in central China in December 2019.
    keywords: cases; china; covid-19; figure; guangdong; license; medrxiv; preprint; sars
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        item: #3414 of 5187
          id: cord-319983-e4f2sfl4
      author: Tripathi, Shweta
       title: The COVID-19: Current understanding
        date: 2020-09-26
       words: 4301
      flesch: 48
     summary: Recent studies from China and France observed that the administration of this drug in COVID-19 patients produced significant results in both clinical outcomes as well as in viral clearance Recently a medical practitioner from Shanghai used plasma therapy to treat COVID-19 patients and yielded positive results with rapid recovery, suggesting it could be a potential treatment for COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: china; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; india; novel; patients; sars; treatment
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        item: #3415 of 5187
          id: cord-320054-wqpr8v3p
      author: Yuan, Xianlin
       title: The influence of major S protein mutations of SARS-CoV-2 on the potential B cell epitopes
        date: 2020-08-24
       words: 2591
      flesch: 51
     summary: key: cord-320054-wqpr8v3p authors: Yuan, Xianlin; li, liangping title: The influence of major S protein mutations of SARS-CoV-2 on the potential B cell epitopes date: 2020-08-24 journal: bioRxiv DOI: 10.1101/2020.08.24.264895 sha: doc_id: 320054 cord_uid: wqpr8v3p SARS-CoV-2 has rapidly transmitted worldwide and results in the COVID-19 pandemic. In order to investigate the influences of the above common 9 mutations of 299 S protein on B cell epitopes, we compared the predicted epitopes of reference and 300 mutant S protein, analyzed the association of epitope changes among mutations and 301 determined the influence of mutation on B cell epitopes.
    keywords: cell; cov-2; epitopes; protein; sars
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        item: #3416 of 5187
          id: cord-320063-n9qzbnup
      author: Calender, Alain
       title: Modeling Potential Autophagy Pathways in COVID-19 and Sarcoidosis
        date: 2020-08-10
       words: 1596
      flesch: 28
     summary: We hypothesize that the defect in autophagy observed in sarcoidosis patients might also decrease the traffic of viral RNA into vesicles for viral infections, similarly to what might be observed for nanoparticles in experimental mouse models. Human Coronavirus: Host-Pathogen Interaction Chronic signaling via the metabolic checkpoint kinase mTORC1 induces macrophage granuloma formation and marks sarcoidosis progression Exome sequencing and pathogenicity-network analysis of five French families implicate mTOR signalling and autophagy in familial sarcoidosis Autophagy and Gastrointestinal Diseases Patients with interstitial lung disease and pulmonary sarcoidosis are at high risk for severe illness related to COVID-19 The anti-HIV drug nelfinavir mesylate (Viracept) is a potent inhibitor of cell fusion caused by the SARSCoV-2 spike (S) glycoprotein warranting further evaluation as an antiviral against COVID-19 infections Pulmonary Pathology of Early-Phase 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pneumonia in Two Patients With Lung Cancer COVID-19 spike-host cell receptor GRP78 binding site prediction Interferon-Stimulated Genes as Enhancers of Antiviral Innate Immune Signaling The spectrum of opportunistic diseases complicating sarcoidosis New insights on the antiviral effects of chloroquine against coronavirus: what to expect for COVID-19? Azithromycin treats diffuse panbronchiolitis by targeting T cells via inhibition of mTOR pathway Antituberculous drugs modulate bacterial phagolysosome avoidance and autophagy in Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected macrophages 2 FIGURE LEGEND Figure 1.
    keywords: autophagy; cov2; covid-19; infection; sarcoidosis; sars
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        item: #3417 of 5187
          id: cord-320085-n9i54wzh
      author: Pfefferle, Susanne
       title: Evaluation of a quantitative RT-PCR assay for the detection of the emerging coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 using a high throughput system
        date: 2020-03-05
       words: 2040
      flesch: 43
     summary: Limit of detection of the SARS-CoV-2 UCT was determined by analysing each of eight replicates of a dilution series containing IVT RNA diluted in E-swab medium (Copan, Brescia, Italy; modified liquid Amies medium) and Roche cobas PCR medium (1:1) at 10,000, 1,000, 500, 250 and 125 copies/mL and eight negative samples. Samples were mixed 1:1 with Roche cobas PCR media (≤ 40% guanidine hydrochloride in Tris-HCL buffer) and incubated for 30 min before loading onto the cobas 6800 system.
    keywords: assay; cobas; cov-2; detection; pcr; sars
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        item: #3418 of 5187
          id: cord-320087-iu4ulxtu
      author: Lampe, Anne
       title: Guillain-Barré syndrome and SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-07-08
       words: 1752
      flesch: 45
     summary: Coronaviruses are capable of causing illnesses in humans ranging from mild respiratory infections to more severe diseases such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) In mid-February he had already suffered from mild respiratory symptoms, which successfully resolved after an oral antibiotic treatment.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; gbs; sars; symptoms
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        item: #3419 of 5187
          id: cord-320092-0qnvydux
      author: Ehsani, Sepehr
       title: COVID-19 and iron dysregulation: distant sequence similarity between hepcidin and the novel coronavirus spike glycoprotein
        date: 2020-10-16
       words: 7552
      flesch: 37
     summary: Hypoferremia predicts hospitalization and oxygen demand in COVID-19 patients HAMP promoter hypomethylation and increased hepcidin levels as biomarkers for Kawasaki disease Human coronaviruses OC43 and HKU1 bind to 9-O-acetylated sialic acids via a conserved receptor-binding site in spike protein domain a The solution structure of human hepcidin, a peptide hormone with antimicrobial activity that is involved in iron uptake and hereditary hemochromatosis COVID-19 and Kawasaki disease: novel virus and novel case Hepcidin revisited, disulfide connectivity, dynamics, and structure Mechanisms of virus membrane fusion proteins Chondrostean sturgeon hepcidin: an evolutionary link between teleost and tetrapod hepcidins Tracking changes in SARS-CoV-2 spike: evidence that D614G increases infectivity of the COVID-19 virus LEAP-1, a novel highly disulfide-bonded human peptide, exhibits antimicrobial activity A dynamic COVID-19 immune signature includes associations with poor prognosis Intracellular iron deficiency in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells induces pulmonary arterial hypertension in mice Bass hepcidin synthesis, solution structure, antimicrobial activities and synergism, and in vivo hepatic response to bacterial infections Post-translational processing of hepcidin in human hepatocytes is mediated by the prohormone convertase furin Hepatobiliary pathology Structure, function, and evolution of coronavirus spike proteins Rethinking living fossils Palmitoylation: policing protein stability and traffic Characterization and functional analysis of liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide-2 (LEAP-2) from golden pompano Trachinotus ovatus (Linnaeus 1758) Protein sequence: A unique but restricted sequence similarity exists between mature hepcidin and the cysteine-rich cytoplasmic tail of coronavirus spike proteins.
    keywords: coronavirus; coronavirus spike; covid-19; disease; domain; ferroportin; hepcidin; human; iron; levels; patients; protein; sars; sequence; similarity; spike; structure
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        item: #3420 of 5187
          id: cord-320127-55h4hhm3
      author: Mazingi, Dennis
       title: Mitigating the impact of COVID-19 on children's surgery in Africa
        date: 2020-06-10
       words: 2671
      flesch: 36
     summary: 13 16 There is a risk of healthcare resources being diverted away from surgical care, potentially impeding progress towards global surgery goals for 2030. New York: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division COVID-19 preparedness within the surgical, obstetric and anesthetic ecosystem in sub Saharan Africa Correspondence from northern Italy about our experience with COVID-19 From the editors: the COVID-19 crisis and its implications for pediatric surgeons Global guidance for surgical care during the COVID-19 pandemic Global surgery 2030: evidence and solutions for achieving health, welfare, and economic development Letter to the editor: cancellation of elective surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic SSZ COVID-19 Subcommittee.
    keywords: africa; children; covid-19; health; hospital; pandemic; sars; surgical
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        item: #3421 of 5187
          id: cord-320149-3q4q98a6
      author: Di Carlo, Davide Tiziano
       title: Exploring the clinical association between neurological symptoms and COVID-19 pandemic outbreak: a systematic review of current literature
        date: 2020-08-01
       words: 3485
      flesch: 33
     summary: An official clinical practice guideline of the The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomized studies in meta-analyses COVID-19 in a designated infectious diseases hospital outside Hubei Province COVID-19 with different severity: a multi-center study of clinical features Self-reported olfactory and taste disorders in SARS-CoV-2 patients: a cross-sectional study Olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions as a clinical presentation of mildto-moderate forms of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a multicenter European study The clinical and chest CT features associated with severe and critical COVID-19 pneumonia Clinical characteristics of 225 patients with COVID-19 in a tertiary Hospital near Wuhan Characteristics of COVID-19 infection in Beijing Clinical features and treatment of COVID-19 patients in northeast Chongqing Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China Clinical findings in a group of patients infected with the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2) outside of Wuhan, China: retrospective case series Characteristics of emergency department patients with COVID-19 at a single site in Northern California: clinical observations and public health implications Clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients with a history of stroke in Wuhan China COVID-19 related neuroimaging findings: a signal of thromboembolic complications and a strong prognostic marker of poor patient outcome Imaging in neurological disease of hospitalized COVID-19 patients: an Italian multicenter retrospective observational study Brain imaging use and findings in COVID-19: a single academic center experience in the epicenter of disease in the United States Acute-onset smell and taste disorders in the context of COVID-19: a pilot multicentre polymerase chain reaction based case-control study Human Coronaviruses: respiratory pathogens revisited as infectious neuroinvasive, neurotropic, and neurovirulent agents Middle East respiratory syndrome Nervous system involvement after infection with COVID-19 and other coronaviruses The neuroinvasive potential of SARS-CoV2 may play a role in the respiratory failure of COVID-19 patients Receptor and viral determinants of SARS-coronavirus adaptation to human ACE2 Minireview: overview of the renin-angiotensin system-an endocrine and paracrine system Organ distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in SARS patients: implications for pathogenesis and virus transmission pathways Multiple organ infection and the pathogenesis of SARS Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection causes neuronal death in the absence of encephalitis in mice transgenic for human ACE2 First case of 2019 novel coronavirus disease with encephalitis The neuroinvasive potential of SARS-CoV2 may be at least partially responsible for the respiratory failure of COVID-19 patients Respiratory failure alone does not suggest central nervous system invasion by SARS-CoV-2 Reninangiotensin system: an old player with novel functions in skeletal muscle A first case of meningitis/encephalitis associated with SARS-Coronavirus-2 COVID-19-associated meningoencephalitis complicated with intracranial hemorrhage: a case report MERS-CoV infection in humans is associated with a pro-inflammatory Th1 and Th17 cytokine profile Expression of elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in SARS-CoV-infected ACE2+ cells in SARS patients: relation to the acute lung injury and pathogenesis of SARS Abnormal coagulation parameters are associated with poor prognosis in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia Characteristics of ischaemic stroke associated with COVID-19 COVID-19 presenting as stroke Stroke epidemiology: advancing our understanding of disease mechanism and therapy Hospitalization for infection and risk of acute ischemic stroke: the Cardiovascular Health Study Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 Early Guillain-Barré syndrome in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a case report from an Italian COVID-hospital Miller Fisher syndrome and polyneuritis cranialis in COVID-19 Guillain Barre syndrome associated with COVID-19 infection: a case report Acute symptomatic seizures in critically Ill patients with COVID-19: is there an association? Data were obtained for the whole population and subsequently we divided it into two groups: severe patients and non-severe patients, according to the American Thoracic Society guidelines for community-acquired pneumonia
    keywords: clinical; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; infection; patients; sars; studies; syndrome
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        item: #3422 of 5187
          id: cord-320158-6dh9e5rg
      author: Hansen, Richard
       title: Adaptations to the current ECCO/ESPGHAN guidelines on the management of paediatric acute severe colitis in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: a RAND appropriateness panel
        date: 2020-09-01
       words: 5608
      flesch: 34
     summary: Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan ) from the paediatric IBD Porto group of European Society of paediatric gastroenterology, hepatology, and nutrition SECURE-IBD registry: surveillance epidemiology of coronavirus (COVID-19) under research exclusion but not TNF antagonists, are associated with adverse COVID-19 outcomes in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases: results from an international registry gastroenterology Adaptations to the British Society of gastroenterology guidelines on the management of acute severe Uc in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: a Rand appropriateness panel Management of paediatric ulcerative colitis, part 2: acute severe Colitis-An evidence-based consensus guideline from the European Crohn's and colitis organization and the European Society of paediatric gastroenterology, hepatology and nutrition SEaRCH™ expert panel process: streamlining the link between evidence and practice The RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method User's Manual Clinical characteristics of 58 children with a pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 P116 the occurrence of venous thromboembolisms in paediatric-onset IBD Combination of oral antibiotics may be effective in severe pediatric ulcerative colitis: a preliminary report Antibiotic cocktail for pediatric acute severe colitis and the microbiome: the PRASCO randomized controlled trial Severe pediatric ulcerative colitis: a prospective multicenter study of outcomes and predictors of response Effect of dexamethasone in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: preliminary report COVID-19 in children and adolescents in Europe: a multinational, multicentre cohort study Outcomes of COVID-19 in 79 patients with IBD in Italy: an IG-IBD study Increased incidence of systemic serious viral infections in patients with inflammatory bowel disease associates with active disease and use of thiopurines Acute kidney injury in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients COVID-19: consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression Trials of anti-tumour necrosis factor therapy for COVID-19 are urgently needed Outcome following thiopurine use in children with ulcerative colitis: a prospective multicenter registry study Safety of thiopurine therapy in inflammatory bowel disease: long-term follow-up study of 3931 patients British Society of gastroenterology consensus guidelines on the management of inflammatory bowel disease in adults Confirmation of the high cumulative incidence of thrombotic complications in critically ill ICU patients with COVID-19: an updated analysis Incidence of venous thromboembolism in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 Anticoagulant therapy in pediatrics Covid-19 and thrombosis: what do we know about the risks and treatment? Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with digestive symptoms in Hubei, China: a descriptive, cross-sectional, multicenter study Correlation of chest CT and RT-PCR testing for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China: a report of 1014 cases non-commercial purpose (including text and data mining) provided that all copyright notices and trade marks are retained. In addition, it has become evident that a delay in initiating therapy is likely to have a detrimental effect on paediatric patients with IBD.
    keywords: asc; cov-2; covid-19; paediatric; panel; patients; rand; sars; swab; therapy
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        item: #3423 of 5187
          id: cord-320165-1b6sycgv
      author: Guo, Qirui
       title: Small molecules inhibit SARS-COV-2 induced aberrant inflammation and viral replication in mice by targeting S100A8/A9-TLR4 axis
        date: 2020-09-09
       words: 6781
      flesch: 48
     summary: For mice infection assay, WT mice were inoculated intranasally with VSV (10 7 PFU), EMCV (10 7 PFU), HSV-1 (10 6 PFU) after anesthesia. For mice infection assay, Ifnar -/mice were inoculated intranasally with MHV-A59 (10 5 PFU) after anesthesia or Ifnar -/mice were inoculated intraperitoneally with MHV-A59 (10 6 PFU).
    keywords: cov-2; dpi; expression; figure; genes; immune; infection; mhv; mice; neutrophils; s100a8; sars
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        item: #3424 of 5187
          id: cord-320169-dtv7to3l
      author: Liu, Yen-Chin
       title: COVID-19: the First Documented Coronavirus Pandemic in History
        date: 2020-05-05
       words: 1943
      flesch: 41
     summary: Bats are likely reservoir hosts for SARS-CoV-2; however, whether Bat-CoV humans because of the similarity of the pangolin coronavirus to SARS-CoV-2 [32, 33] . Replication of RNA viruses could generate mutations due to the low proofreading ability of their RdRP.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; human; novel; pandemic; sars
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        item: #3425 of 5187
          id: cord-320175-w00rcvd8
      author: Shi, Jiahai
       title: The catalysis of the SARS 3C‐like protease is under extensive regulation by its extra domain
        date: 2006-02-08
       words: 5515
      flesch: 45
     summary: Coronaviruses lie in wait almost everywhere Molecular biology of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus SARS, emerging infections, and bioterrorism preparedness An emergency department response to severe acute respiratory syndrome: a prototype response to bioterrorism Coronavirus main proteinase (3CLpro) structure: basis for design of anti-SARS drugs Design of wide-spectrum inhibitors targeting coronavirus main proteases Cinanserin is an inhibitor of the 3C-like proteinase of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and strongly reduces virus replication in vitro The Genome sequence of the SARS-associated coronavirus Characterization of a novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Comparative full-length genome sequence analysis of 14 SARS coronavirus isolates and common mutations associated with putative origins of infection Structure of coronavirus main proteinase reveals combination of a chymotrypsin fold with an extra alpha-helical domain Biosynthesis, purification, and characterization of the human coronavirus 229E, 3C-like proteinase Dissection study on the severe acute respiratory syndrome 3C-like protease reveals the critical role of the extra domain in dimerization of the enzyme: defining the extra domain as a new target for design of highly specific protease inhibitors Biosynthesis, purification, and substrate specificity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 3C-like proteinase The crystal structures of severe acute respiratory syndrome virus main protease and its complex with an inhibitor Quaternary structure of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus main protease Prospects for NMR of large proteins Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of high-molecularweight proteins A gradual disruption of tight sidechain packing: 2D, 1H-NMR characterization of acidinduced unfolding of CHABII Molecular mechanism underlying the thermal stability and pH-induced unfolding of CHABII Structural insight into the binding diversity between the Tyr-phosphorylated human ephrinBs and Nck2 SH2 domain Critical assessment of important regions in the subunit association and catalytic action of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus main protease Characterization of SARS main protease and inhibitor assay using a fluorogenic substrate Identification of novel inhibitors of the SARS coronavirus main protease 3CLpro Highthroughput screening identifies inhibitors of the SARS coronavirus main proteinase Characterization of SARS-CoV main protease and identification of biologically active small molecule inhibitors using a continuous fluorescence-based assay Genetic screen for monitoring severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 3C-like protease Mechanism of the maturation process of SARS-CoV 3CL protease Mutational and inhibitive analysis of SARS coronavirus 3C-like protease by fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based assays The substrate specificity of SARS coronavirus 3C-like proteinase Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 3C-like proteinase N terminus is indispensable for proteolytic activity but not for enzyme dimerization. The aliphatic side-chain regions were shown for the wild-type and group 1 mutated proteases (A); wild-type and group 2 (B); wildtype and group 3 (C); wild-type and group 4 (D).
    keywords: activity; coronavirus; dimerization; domain; enzyme; protease; residues; sars; type
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        item: #3426 of 5187
          id: cord-320207-cwt7dswz
      author: Zeng, Yingchun
       title: The nucleocapsid protein of SARS-associated coronavirus inhibits B23 phosphorylation
        date: 2008-05-02
       words: 3139
      flesch: 48
     summary: Co-localization of SARS-CoV N protein and cellular B23 protein suggested that N protein might interact with B23 protein. To investigate whether the interaction between N protein and B23 protein occurred in N-expressing cells, we performed co-immunoprecipitation assay using anti-N antibody to co-immunoprecipitate the N protein and any other possible interacting proteins in cellular extracts of pcDNA3-N transfected HeLa cells.
    keywords: b23; cells; cov; phosphorylation; protein; sars
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        item: #3427 of 5187
          id: cord-320266-7gzx6ljt
      author: Vigneshwar, Navin G.
       title: Positive tracheal SARS-CoV-2 RNA test after three negative SARS-CoV-2 RNA tests in a patient with COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-12
       words: 943
      flesch: 42
     summary: Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in different types of clinical specimens Virological assessment of hospitalized patients with COVID-2019 Influenza A viral loads in respiratory samples collected from patients infected with pandemic H1N1, seasonal H1N1 and H3N2 viruses Comparative Performance of SARS-CoV-2 detection assays using seven different primerprobe sets and one assay kit Intensive care adult patients with severe respiratory failure caused by influenza A (H1N1)v in Spain Publisher's Note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations Can J Anaesth DOI: 10.1007/s12630-020-01742-0 sha: doc_id: 320266 cord_uid: 7gzx6ljt nan Perioperative guidelines for patients with suspected coronavirus disease (COVID-19) often rely on nasopharyngeal swab testing for the presence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA.
    keywords: cov-2; sars
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        item: #3428 of 5187
          id: cord-320270-lduhhdld
      author: Obek, Can
       title: Management of prostate cancer patients during COVID-19 pandemic
        date: 2020-07-20
       words: 5554
      flesch: 42
     summary: Nonetheless, urologists practicing in hospitals treating COVID-19 patients may face situations when they have to perform urgent procedures on infected individuals. Visitors to COVID-19 patients need to be limited or preferably not allowed.
    keywords: adt; cancer; cov-2; covid-19; disease; ebrt; pandemic; patients; risk; sars; surgery; treatment
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        item: #3429 of 5187
          id: cord-320308-pzex799x
      author: Erol, Adnan
       title: Role of oxidized LDL-induced “trained macrophages” in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and benefits of pioglitazone: A hypothesis
        date: 2020-05-12
       words: 1922
      flesch: 35
     summary: In SARS-CoV-infected human cases, marked production of oxidized lipids are observed in the inflammatory exudates lining the injured air spaces, pneumoctyes, as well as macrophages [4] Consequently, oxLDL-trained macrophages encounter with the huge amount of oxidized lipids in the virus-infected areas and exhibit greater oxidized lipid uptake, leading to transient lipid depletion CARD9 is critical adaptor protein and a central integrator in innate immune cell activation that triggers the inflammatory signaling pathway in response to viral infection.
    keywords: activation; card9; covid-19; immunity; macrophages; oxldl
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        item: #3430 of 5187
          id: cord-320331-wtxja5i9
      author: Cabbab, Iris Louise N.
       title: Anti-Inflammatory Drugs and the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System: Current Knowledge and Potential Effects on Early SARS-CoV-2 Infection
        date: 2020-10-08
       words: 10078
      flesch: 32
     summary: Hence, the reduction in prostaglandin E 2 and I 2 syntheses is the main mechanism by which NSAIDs directly contribute to increased ACE2 expression, which can be utilized by SARS-CoV-2 (Fig. 2) . This may suggest the promotion of coronavirus replication secondary to immunosuppression, or of increased ACE2 expression secondary to osmotic diuresis, which we hypothesized earlier above (Fig. 4) .
    keywords: ace2; angiotensin; cells; coronavirus; corticosteroids; cov-2; covid-19; disease; drugs; expression; infection; patients; raas; review; sars; studies; study
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        item: #3431 of 5187
          id: cord-320333-audnwp8t
      author: Chen, Qi-Lin
       title: Localization of Cell Receptor-Related Genes of SARS-CoV-2 in the Kidney through Single-Cell Transcriptome Analysis
        date: 2020-05-19
       words: 5285
      flesch: 53
     summary: To further analyze the genetic and functional characteristics of ACE2-expressing PT cells, we artificially divided PT cells into PT cells with and without ACE2 expression (ACE2+ PT cells and ACE2-PT cells, respectively) instead of 2 different subgroups of cells obtained by cluster analysis. In scRNA-seq of the human kidney, compared with ACE2-PT cells, up-regulated genes in ACE2+ PT cells were LRP2, CUBN, and SLC16A9 (Fig. 2d ).
    keywords: ace2; c lu; cells; expression; fig; genes; sars
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        item: #3432 of 5187
          id: cord-320350-zeeozmm9
      author: Nisoli, Enzo
       title: COVID-19 and Hartnup disease: an affair of intestinal amino acid malabsorption
        date: 2020-07-20
       words: 2507
      flesch: 38
     summary: We hypothesize that SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, binding to intestinal angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, negatively regulates the absorption of neutral amino acids, and this could explain not only the GI, but also systemic disturbances in COVID-19. In ACE2 knockout mice, luminal expression of B 0 AT1 in the intestine is completely lost [12] , demonstrating its fundamental role for the intestinal absorption of neutral amino acids (i.e., tryptophan, alanine, asparagine, glutamine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, serine, threonine, tyrosine, and valine)
    keywords: ace2; acid; amino; cov-2; covid-19; patients; sars
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        item: #3433 of 5187
          id: cord-320401-itltvh3f
      author: Clementi, Nicola
       title: NARINGENIN IS A POWERFUL INHIBITOR OF SARS-CoV-2 INFECTION IN VITRO
        date: 2020-10-20
       words: 1496
      flesch: 43
     summary: Intriguingly, it has been shown that CoV infection depends on trafficking of virions to lysosomal compartments and processing of the S protein by lysosomal proteases is required for productive entry to occur. To further assess the involvement of TPC2 in CoV infection we silenced its expression in the human cell line Huh7.5.
    keywords: cells; cov-2; infection; nar; sars
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        item: #3434 of 5187
          id: cord-320417-01l27d99
      author: Wang, Hai-Long
       title: The emergence of inter-clade hybrid SARS-CoV-2 lineages revealed by 2D nucleotide variation mapping
        date: 2020-10-14
       words: 5014
      flesch: 46
     summary: The differences in viral clade populations from separate regions are clearly displayed in Figures 4 and 5 . key: cord-320417-01l27d99 authors: Wang, Hai-Long title: The emergence of inter-clade hybrid SARS-CoV-2 lineages revealed by 2D nucleotide variation mapping date: 2020-10-14 journal: bioRxiv DOI: 10.1101/2020.10.13.338038 sha: doc_id: 320417 cord_uid: 01l27d99 I performed whole-genome sequencing on SARS-CoV-2 collected from COVID-19 samples at Mayo Clinic Rochester in mid-April, 2020, generated 85 consensus genome sequences and compared them to other genome sequences collected worldwide.
    keywords: clade; covid-19; genome; inter; mutation; recombination; rna; sars; sequences; sequencing; snp; virus
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        item: #3435 of 5187
          id: cord-320428-sg3srt8r
      author: Ling, Zhoukun
       title: Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infected patients with persistent negative CT findings
        date: 2020-03-12
       words: 515
      flesch: 45
     summary: A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster SARS-CoV-2 viral load in upper respiratory specimens of infected patients patients presented negative chest CT images at initial presentation; fifteen of 49 patients who had a repeat CT scan that became positive (after 3-6 days) for COVID-19 pneumonia.
    keywords: patients; sars
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        item: #3436 of 5187
          id: cord-320455-doup2bqq
      author: Werion, Alexis
       title: SARS-CoV-2 Causes a Specific Dysfunction of the Kidney Proximal Tubule
        date: 2020-08-10
       words: 2876
      flesch: 31
     summary: We recorded routine biological data obtained at admission, as well as the nadir lymphocyte count, and the peak values for highly sensitive C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase and D-dimers The following antibodies were used: rabbit anti-human Gc-globulin (also known as VDBP, A0021, Dako); mouse anti-human ACE2 (AMAB91262, Sigma); rabbit anti-human ACE2 (AF933, R&D); rabbit anti-human AQP1 (ab2219, Millipore); sheep anti-LRP2 (gift from P. Verroust and R. Kozyraki, INSERM, Paris, France); rabbit anti-human UP1 (A0257, Dako); rabbit anti-human LMW proteins (A0126, Dako). Summary of a Report of 72 314 Cases From the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus.
    keywords: ace2; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; dysfunction; human; kidney; patients; sars; tubule
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        item: #3437 of 5187
          id: cord-320466-l7017jis
      author: Akgun, Emel
       title: Proteins associated with neutrophil degranulation are upregulated in nasopharyngeal swabs from SARS-CoV-2 patients
        date: 2020-10-20
       words: 3726
      flesch: 36
     summary: The abundance of these proteins were found to be increased in COVID-19 positive patient samples compared to negative ones. NETs have pathogen killing properties and include strands of DNA wrapped with histones and are enriched with neutrophil proteins like MPO, ELANE, PRTN3 and AZU1
    keywords: covid-19; elane; infection; inflammation; mpo; neutrophil; patients; proteins; prtn3; samples; sars
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        item: #3438 of 5187
          id: cord-320490-3jmo35jc
      author: Ismail, Saba
       title: Immuno-informatics Characterization SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein for Prioritization of Epitope based Multivalent Peptide Vaccine
        date: 2020-04-12
       words: 6758
      flesch: 46
     summary: The count for other salt bridges from TLR3 to MEPVC is in following order: Asp124-Arg706 (mean, 3, max,7 and min,3), Glu98-Lys679 (mean, 5, max,10 and min,4), Asp402-Arg641 (mean, 12, max, 18 and min, 4), Glu146-Arg706 (mean,7 max,11 and min,3), Glu146-Lys679 (mean,5 max,13 and min,2), Glu272-Lys655 Gln722-Side 0.02% The vital hydrogen bond interactions involved between TLR3 receptor and MEPVC shortlisted by VMD were subjected to a novel AFD analysis to elucidate 3D movements of MEPVC atoms with respect to a reference TLR3 residues atom in simulation time. Residue wise decomposition of net binding energy into TLR3 receptor and MEPVC interacting residues.
    keywords: binding; complex; coronavirus; energy; epitopes; immune; interactions; kcal; mepvc; mol; protein; receptor; residues; sars; spike; structure; system; tlr3; vaccine
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        item: #3439 of 5187
          id: cord-320511-qnxj7d9l
      author: Hueston, Linda
       title: The antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-08-27
       words: 3122
      flesch: 37
     summary: False Positive Results with BD SARS-CoV-2 Reagents for the BD Max System -Letter to Clinical Laboratory Staff and Health Care Providers Public Health Laboratory Network Statement on Nucleic Acid Test False Positive Results for SARS-CoV-2 Interpret with caution: An evaluation of the commercial AusDiagnostics versus in-house developed assays for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus False-positive reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction screening for SARS-CoV-2 in the setting of urgent head and neck surgery and otolaryngologic emergencies during the pandemic: Clinical implications Real-time RT-PCR in COVID-19 detection: issues affecting the results IgA-Ab response to spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 in patients with COVID-19: A longitudinal study Persistence of Antibodies against Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Duration of antibody responses after severe acute respiratory syndrome Longitudinal profile of antibodies against SARS-coronavirus in SARS patients and their clinical significance Viral Shedding and Antibody Response in 37 Patients With Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection Kinetics of Serologic Responses to MERS Coronavirus Infection in Humans MERS-CoV Antibody Responses 1 Year after Symptom Onset, South Korea A comparison study of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody between male and female COVID-19 patients: a possible reason underlying different outcome between sex Profile of specific antibodies to SARS-CoV-2: The first report Kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 specific IgM and IgG responses in COVID-19 patients Virological assessment of hospitalized patients with COVID-2019 Long-term coexistence of SARS-CoV-2 with antibody response in COVID-19 patients Rapid point-of-care testing for SARS-CoV-2 in a community screening setting shows low sensitivity The magnitude and persistence of antibody responses are critical for assessing the duration of immunity.
    keywords: antibody; cov-2; covid-19; ifa; nat; positive; sars
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        item: #3440 of 5187
          id: cord-320535-fo4lzcav
      author: Geyer, Howard L.
       title: Movement Disorders in COVID-19: Whither Art Thou?
        date: 2020-08-12
       words: 1665
      flesch: 29
     summary: (Another tantalizing finding of that study is that the substantia nigra of these mice exhibited increased mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory markers including interleukin-6, a cytokine that is elevated in COVID-19 patients and correlates with disease severity [16] ). What might account for the dearth of expected movement disorders in COVID-19 patients?
    keywords: covid-19; disorders; movement; patients; sars
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        item: #3441 of 5187
          id: cord-320560-yn3bbkdh
      author: Kohanski, Michael A.
       title: Review of indoor aerosol generation, transport, and control in the context of COVID‐19
        date: 2020-07-24
       words: 4519
      flesch: 29
     summary: Herein we elaborate on known aerosol vs droplet properties indoor airflow and aerosol-generating events to provide context for risks of aerosol infectious transmission We also provide simple but typically effective measures for mitigating the spread and inhalation of viral aerosols in indoor settings Understanding principles of infectious transmission aerosol and droplet generation as well as concepts of indoor airflow will assist in the integration of new data on SARS-CoV-transmission and activities that can generate aerosol to best inform on the need for escala-Many otorhinolaryngology procedures involve instrumentation of respiratory mucosal surfaces and proximity to a patient's airway for a period ranging from minutes to hours, and there has been concern that many of these procedures may be aerosol-generating procedures (AGPs) that increase the risk of contracting COVID-19 due to inhalation of airborne droplets or aerosols. Although long-range viral respiratory pathogen aerosol transmission is controversial and has not been definitively established as a common mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 transmission to date, principles associated with bulk airflow can be used to help minimize risks of aerosol transmission.
    keywords: aerosol; air; airflow; covid-19; droplet; indoor; particle; procedures; sars; transmission
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        item: #3442 of 5187
          id: cord-320567-7je1i8qd
      author: Muenchhoff, Maximilian
       title: Multicentre comparison of quantitative PCR-based assays to detect SARS-CoV-2, Germany, March 2020
        date: 2020-06-18
       words: 1766
      flesch: 41
     summary: key: cord-320567-7je1i8qd authors: Muenchhoff, Maximilian; Mairhofer, Helga; Nitschko, Hans; Grzimek-Koschewa, Natascha; Hoffmann, Dieter; Berger, Annemarie; Rabenau, Holger; Widera, Marek; Ackermann, Nikolaus; Konrad, Regina; Zange, Sabine; Graf, Alexander; Krebs, Stefan; Blum, Helmut; Sing, Andreas; Liebl, Bernhard; Wölfel, Roman; Ciesek, Sandra; Drosten, Christian; Protzer, Ulrike; Boehm, Stephan; Keppler, Oliver T title: Multicentre comparison of quantitative PCR-based assays to detect SARS-CoV-2, Germany, March 2020 date: 2020-06-18 journal: Euro Surveill DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2020.25.24.2001057 sha: doc_id: 320567 cord_uid: 7je1i8qd Containment strategies and clinical management of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients during the current pandemic depend on reliable diagnostic PCR assays for the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Containment strategies and clinical management of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients during the current pandemic depend on reliable diagnostic PCR assays for the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
    keywords: charité; cov-2; pcr; rdrp; sars
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        item: #3443 of 5187
          id: cord-320587-936cavob
      author: Ruscio, M.
       title: Analytical assessment of Beckman Coulter Access anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG immunoassay
        date: 2020-11-07
       words: 4094
      flesch: 34
     summary: The copyright holder for this preprint this version posted November 7, 2020. ; https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.11.05.20226555 doi: medRxiv preprint 1 Beckman Coulter Access SARS-CoV-2 IgG, 0.76 for Roche Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 and 0.52 for DiaSorin Liaison SARS-CoV-2 S1/S2 IgG, respectively. As concerns the diagnostic performance of Beckman Coulter Access anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG immunoassay, the AUC of this method was found to be non-significantly different from that of Roche Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2, an immunoassay specifically aimed at measuring total anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, but definitely better than the AUC of DiaSorin Liaison SARS-CoV-2 S1/
    keywords: anti; cov-2; igg; license; medrxiv; preprint; sars
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        item: #3444 of 5187
          id: cord-320612-vam0bli3
      author: Höring, Steffen
       title: Management of a Hospital-Wide COVID-19 Outbreak Affecting Patients and Healthcare Workers
        date: 2020-10-26
       words: 3417
      flesch: 44
     summary: The reduction of contacts between geriatric patients was partially challenging since several patients suffered from cognitive impairment and did not follow social distancing recommendations or single-room isolation. Most affected patients were bedridden and had no contact with other patients.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; hospital; infection; outbreak; patients; sars
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        item: #3445 of 5187
          id: cord-320619-r466dc5t
      author: Chand Dakal, Tikam
       title: SARS-CoV-2 Attachment to Host Cells is Possibly Mediated via RGD-Integrin Interaction in a Calcium-dependent Manner and Suggests Pulmonary EDTA Chelation Therapy as a Novel Treatment for COVID 19
        date: 2020-11-05
       words: 3856
      flesch: 28
     summary: The S1 Glycoprotein (from 268-304 aa in SARS-CoV-1 and from 282-317 aa in SARS-CoV-2) domain which plays an important role in recognition of host cell receptor were found divergent at 10 amino acid positions. The expression profile of ACE2 receptor protein and integrins in lungs was ascertained using Gene Expression Database at EBI (https://www.ebi.ac.uk/gxa/home) and the Human Protein Atlas
    keywords: binding; cells; cov-2; host; integrins; protein; receptor; rgd; sars; spike
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        item: #3446 of 5187
          id: cord-320627-7vi6skvh
      author: Horejsh, Douglas
       title: A molecular beacon, bead-based assay for the detection of nucleic acids by flow cytometry
        date: 2005-01-19
       words: 3731
      flesch: 42
     summary: Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Viral discovery and sequence recovery using DNA microarrays Kinetic PCR analysis: real-time monitoring of DNA amplification reactions Quantification using real-time PCR technology: applications and limitations Molecular beacons: probes that fluoresce upon hybridization Multiplex detection of single-nucleotide variations using molecular beacons Multicolor molecular beacons for allele discrimination In situ visualization of messenger RNA for basic fibroblast growth factor in living cells Real time detection of DNA.RNA hybridization in living cells Molecular beacon probes combined with amplification by NASBA enable homogeneous, real-time detection of RNA Multiplex detection of four pathogenic retroviruses using molecular beacons Ultrasensitive optical DNA biosensor based on surface immobilization of molecular beacon by a bridge structure Molecular beacons for DNA biosensors with micrometer to submicrometer dimensions Hybridization-based unquenching of DNA hairpins on au surfaces: prototypical 'molecular beacon' biosensors Multiplexed, particle-based detection of DNA using flow cytometry with 3DNA dendrimers for signal amplification Real-time RT-PCR for quantitation of hepatitis C virus RNA A fiber-optic evanescent wave DNA biosensor based on novel molecular beacons Molecular-beacon-based array for sensitive DNA analysis Thermodynamic basis of the enhanced specificity of structured DNA probes Molecular beacons: novel fluorescent probes Using molecular beacons to detect single-nucleotide polymorphisms with real-time PCR Target discrimination by surface-immobilized molecular beacons designed to detect Francisella tularensis Structure-function relationships of shared-stem and conventional molecular beacons This work was supported by funding from the 'Ministero della Salute' of the Italian government, Ricerca Corrente e Finalizzata. In other applications, molecular beacon probes were designed for use as DNA biosensors by binding molecular beacons to glass beads or cover slips (13) , ultra small optical fibre probes (14) and gold surfaces (15) , allowing the specific detection of complementary sequences.
    keywords: beacons; beads; detection; fluorescence; nucleic; sequences; streptavidin
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        item: #3447 of 5187
          id: cord-320632-369kax2m
      author: Song, Yang
       title: COVID-19 Treatment: Close to a Cure? – A Rapid Review of Pharmacotherapies for the Novel Coronavirus
        date: 2020-07-04
       words: 5670
      flesch: 42
     summary: In another prospective observational study, IVIG was used in SARS patients with severe leukopenia or thrombocytopenia, and it appeared to be effective for controlling cytopenia by increasing leukocyte and platelet counts. In COVID-19 patients with ARDS, treatment with steroids is associated with decreased risk of death compared to the patients who did not receive steroids (46% vs 61.8%)
    keywords: clinical; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; group; lpv; patients; remdesivir; ribavirin; sars; study; syndrome; therapy; treatment
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        item: #3448 of 5187
          id: cord-320646-xk77u4g0
      author: Zumla, Alimuddin
       title: The explosive epidemic outbreak of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the persistent threat of respiratory tract infectious diseases to global health security
        date: 2020-04-09
       words: 2407
      flesch: 43
     summary: key: cord-320646-xk77u4g0 authors: Zumla, Alimuddin; Niederman, Michael S. title: The explosive epidemic outbreak of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the persistent threat of respiratory tract infectious diseases to global health security date: 2020-04-09 journal: Curr Opin Pulm Med DOI: 10.1097/mcp.0000000000000676 sha: doc_id: 320646 cord_uid: xk77u4g0 nan Respiratory tract infections remain the top cause of morbidity and mortality from infectious diseases worldwide [1] . Global research on coronavirus disease (COVID-19 Reducing mortality from 2019-nCoV: host-directed therapies should be an option Transmission of respiratory Tract infections at mass gathering events Update in adult community-acquired pneumonia: key points from the new ATS/IDSA 2019 Guideline Viral respiratory infections: a cause of CAP, or a predisposing factor Martin-Loesches I. Influenza management with new therapies Pneumococcal virulence factors New biomarkers for respiratory infections Advances in molecular diagnostic tests for pneumonia Strategies for prediction of drug-resistant pathogens and empiric antibiotic selection in community-acquired pneumonia Beyond antibiotics for pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial disease Sir Alimuddin Zumla is a co-PI of the Pan-African Network on Emerging and Re-Emerging Infections (PANDORA-ID-NET; https://www.pandora-id.net/) funded by the European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership the EU Horizon 2020 Framework Programme for Research and Innovation.
    keywords: china; coronavirus; covid-19; novel; patients; respiratory; sars
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        item: #3449 of 5187
          id: cord-320663-xypg6evo
      author: Market, Marisa
       title: Flattening the COVID-19 Curve With Natural Killer Cell Based Immunotherapies
        date: 2020-06-23
       words: 14058
      flesch: 29
     summary: A natural killer cell receptor for HLA-B allotypes Molecular clones of the p58 NK cell receptor reveal immunoglobulinrelated molecules with diversity in both the extra-and intracellular domains HLA-E binds to natural killer cell receptors CD94/NKG2A, B and C Mouse CD94/NKG2A is a natural killer cell receptor for the nonclassical major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecule Qa-1(b) TLR-mediated activation of NK cells and their role in bacterial/viral immune responses in mammals Peptide-specific recognition of human cytomegalovirus strains controls adaptive natural killer cells Ly49H signaling through DAP10 is essential for optimal natural killer cell responses to mouse cytomegalovirus infection Human NK cells and herpesviruses: mechanisms of recognition, response and adaptation Cytokine regulation of natural killer cell effector functions Coordinated and distinct roles for IFN-αβ, IL-12, and IL-15 regulation of NK cell responses to viral infection Developmental and functional control of natural killer cells by cytokines. Despite their vital role in viral infection, the contribution of NK cells in fighting SARS-CoV-2 has not yet been directly investigated.
    keywords: acute; cancer; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; cytokine; disease; human; ifn; immune; infection; killer; levels; mers; nk cells; patients; respiratory; response; role; sars; studies; syndrome; therapy; type
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        item: #3450 of 5187
          id: cord-320673-4guarm0k
      author: Lopera, E.
       title: Lack of association between genetic variants at ACE2 and TMPRSS2 genes involved in SARS-CoV-2 infection and human quantitative phenotypes
        date: 2020-04-25
       words: 4181
      flesch: 39
     summary: key: cord-320673-4guarm0k authors: Lopera, E.; van der Graaf, A.; Lanting, P.; van der Geest, M.; Lifelines Cohort Study,; Fu, J.; Swertz, M.; Franke, L.; Wijmenga, C.; Deelen, P.; Zhernakova, A.; Sanna, S. title: Lack of association between genetic variants at ACE2 and TMPRSS2 genes involved in SARS-CoV-2 infection and human quantitative phenotypes date: 2020-04-25 journal: nan DOI: 10.1101/2020.04.22.20074963 sha: doc_id: 320673 cord_uid: 4guarm0k Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) shows a wide variation in expression and severity of symptoms, from very mild or no symptomes, to flu-like symptoms, and in more severe cases, to pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome and even death. While large-scale genetic studies of COVID-19 patients are being assembled, such as those coordinated by the COVID host genetics consortium (https://www.covid19hg.com/), it is worthwhile to evaluate the effects of genetic variants in genes involved in SARS-CoV-2 infection on human phenotypes, including quantitative traits, taking advantage of already existing cohorts.
    keywords: ace2; association; cohort; covid-19; phenotypes; population; sars; use; variants
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        item: #3451 of 5187
          id: cord-320681-b3ui95vx
      author: Zhang, Rui
       title: COVID-19: Melatonin as a potential adjuvant treatment
        date: 2020-06-01
       words: 4147
      flesch: 32
     summary: Melatonin exerts anti-inflammatory effects through various pathways. TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8, and an elevation in the level of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10
    keywords: acute; ali; anti; covid-19; inflammation; injury; lung; melatonin; patients; sars
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        item: #3452 of 5187
          id: cord-320704-rrq6x25k
      author: Sharma, Shruti
       title: COVID-19: A Concern for Cardiovascular Disease Patients
        date: 2020-07-29
       words: 3079
      flesch: 40
     summary: [37] that subclinical diastolic impairment is present in SARS patients that would reverse the clinical recovery of COVID-19 patients. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Do angiotensinconverting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers have a biphasic effect ACE2 receptor polymorphism: Susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2, hypertension, multi-organ failure, and COVID-19 disease outcome Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China Molecular mechanisms of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS).
    keywords: ace2; angiotensin; cov-2; covid-19; disease; patients; sars
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        item: #3453 of 5187
          id: cord-320717-wk4zxmz9
      author: Li, Yang
       title: Lack of Vertical Transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2, China
        date: 2020-06-17
       words: 1080
      flesch: 49
     summary: We report a pregnant woman with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection who underwent cesarean section delivery of a SARS-CoV-2-negative infant in Zhejiang Province, China. On February 8 (day 3 of hospitalization), SARS-CoV-2 RNA remained in the woman's sputum, and the fetal heart rate monitor showed 110 beats/min. Consultation with an obstetrician resulted in a recommendation for emergency cesarean section.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; sars; woman
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        item: #3454 of 5187
          id: cord-320729-imyfo83x
      author: Spiga, Ottavia
       title: Molecular modelling of S1 and S2 subunits of SARS coronavirus spike glycoprotein
        date: 2003-10-10
       words: 2935
      flesch: 43
     summary: Thus, it is apparent that knowledge of the 3D structure of SARS_CoV S protein, representing a critical toxic site and a candidate protective antigen, would be of great value in the search for a vaccine, in explaining existing data and in designing novel diagnostic kits and anti-viral drugs. In addition to the above-mentioned quality controls of our predicted structures, some of them were routinely performed upon structure deposition in the Protein Data Bank, while another set of criteria to validate the molecular models of the S1 and S2 subunits of SARS_CoV S protein comes from the observation of consistencies between the obtained structural features of the two models and some common experimentally derived findings, such as glycosylation site distribution and disulphide bridge formation.
    keywords: coronavirus; glycoprotein; protein; sars_cov; structure; subunits
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        item: #3455 of 5187
          id: cord-320740-npoje09j
      author: Musa, Arif
       title: Remdesivir for the Treatment of COVID-19: A Systematic Review of the Literature
        date: 2020-05-20
       words: 2300
      flesch: 48
     summary: The authors suggested that additional clinical studies were needed to complete the safety and efficacy profiles of the anti-viral drug. Studies were excluded for meeting any of the following criteria: non-human study (n = 3); review or metaanalysis (n = 15); not including SARS-CoV-2 (n = 16); or multiple criteria met (n = 23).
    keywords: covid-19; remdesivir; treatment
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        item: #3456 of 5187
          id: cord-320787-dwyyjq6o
      author: La Rosa, Giuseppina
       title: First detection of SARS-CoV-2 in untreated wastewaters in Italy
        date: 2020-05-23
       words: 2753
      flesch: 43
     summary: Moreover, the environmental surveillance will be extended to the collection of wastewater samples available in the Department of Environment and Health of the Italian National Health Institute, that were collected throughout Italy in the framework of different projects on enteric viruses. A synthetic DNA (Biofab Research, Italy) including the PCR target region, was used to set up PCR conditions before experiments with study samples, but was not amplified along with samples to avoid risks of PCR contamination.
    keywords: cov-2; pcr; samples; sars; wastewater
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        item: #3457 of 5187
          id: cord-320788-ln8ddyuj
      author: Wang, Chun-Hua
       title: Persistence of lung inflammation and lung cytokines with high-resolution CT abnormalities during recovery from SARS
        date: 2005-05-11
       words: 4407
      flesch: 44
     summary: Persistent high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) abnormalities occur in SARS patients up to 40 days after recovery. At 60 days, compared to normal controls, SARS patients had increased cellularity of BALF with increased alveolar macrophages (AM) and CD8 cells.
    keywords: bal; cd8; cells; days; hrct; patients; sars; score; syndrome; therapy; virus
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        item: #3458 of 5187
          id: cord-320815-p9oh54nt
      author: Gentile, Pietro
       title: Research progress on Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs), Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (AD-MSCs), Drugs, and Vaccines in Inhibiting COVID-19 Disease
        date: 2020-10-01
       words: 4727
      flesch: 39
     summary: This article reviewed, at the current day, the research progress on stem cell therapy in COVID-19 patients, and in particular focused on the clinical research status of MSCs and AD-MSCs biotechnology, reporting also an update on drugs and vaccines, so as to provide a reference for frontline clinical and scientific researchers. These effects were confirmed by the increased peripheral lymphocytes amount, the decline in the C-reactive protein, and waning of over-activated cytokine-secreting immune cells (CXCR3+CD4+ T cells, CXCR3+CD8+ T cells, and CXCR3+ NK cells) into the blood of COVID-19 patients, by mean 4.5 days later the MSCs intravenous infusion
    keywords: cells; covid-19; disease; drugs; mesenchymal; mscs; patients; sars; stem; studies; therapy
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        item: #3459 of 5187
          id: cord-320826-o6ih2f23
      author: Blairon, Laurent
       title: Large-scale, molecular and serological SARS-CoV-2 screening of healthcare workers in a 4-site public hospital in Belgium after COVID-19 outbreak
        date: 2020-07-31
       words: 868
      flesch: 45
     summary: High SARS-CoV-2 antibody prevalence among healthcare workers exposed to COVID-19 patients COVID-19 Bulletin épidémiologique du 10 avril COVID-19 diagnosis and management: a comprehensive review First experience of COVID-19 screening of health-care workers in England SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody detection in healthcare workers in Germany with direct contact to COVID-19 patients COVID-19 study: 8,4% of Belgian health workers have antibodies to SARS-COV-2 n The authors thank the general and medical managements of the Iris Hospital South for taking the lead on this massive screening; the Blood Sampling Centre, the technologists and administrative staff who contributed to the analytical, pre-analytical and post-analytical steps of the laboratory tests and all those who participated in this investigation. 320826 cord_uid: o6ih2f23 nan We read with great interest the study of Chen Y et al., who analyzed, during the Chinese epidemic peak, the seroprevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) among 105 healthcare workers (HCWs) exposed to COVID-19 patients [1] .
    keywords: covid-19; hcws; sars
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        item: #3460 of 5187
          id: cord-320829-uepneyug
      author: He, Zhongping
       title: Effects of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus infection on peripheral blood lymphocytes and their subsets
        date: 2005-08-10
       words: 2632
      flesch: 50
     summary: In Table 3 the lymphocyte subpopulation counts were compared between those with severe SARS (260 samples from 149 patients), non-severe SARS (436 samples from 122 patients), and those that recovered (613 samples from 246 cases) or died (48 samples from 25 patients) from SARS. The total lymphocyte counts from SARS patients were compared with those from normal individuals, and the lymphocyte counts at each week after the onset of the illness were compared with other weeks of illness and with those from normal individuals.
    keywords: acute; cov; lymphocyte; patients; sars
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        item: #3461 of 5187
          id: cord-320831-owfnttqr
      author: Klimek, Ludger
       title: Allergen immunotherapy in the current COVID-19 pandemic: A position paper of AeDA, ARIA, EAACI, DGAKI and GPA: Position paper of the German ARIA Group(A) in cooperation with the Austrian ARIA Group(B), the Swiss ARIA Group(C), German Society for Applied Allergology (AEDA)(D), German Society for Allergology and Clinical Immunology (DGAKI)(E), Society for Pediatric Allergology (GPA)(F) in cooperation with AG Clinical Immunology, Allergology and Environmental Medicine of the DGHNO-KHC(G) and the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI)(H)
        date: 2020-05-28
       words: 3690
      flesch: 36
     summary: AIT aims at inducing allergen-specific immune tolerance in allergic patients by utilizing effects on several immune mechanisms (Table 1) , including T cells, B cells, innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), and effector cells, such as eosinophils, mast cells, and basophils The start of AIT in allergic patients without known SARS-CoV-2 exposure who do not show COVID-19 symptoms, but whose current SARS-CoV-2 infection and immune status are unknown, requires a thorough examination for signs of SARS-CoV-2 infection during the indication for AIT, and the same examination should be repeated at the start of AIT.
    keywords: ait; allergen; allergy; cells; covid-19; disease; immunotherapy; infection; patients; risk; sars; symptoms
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        item: #3462 of 5187
          id: cord-320845-imxby1b1
      author: Morley, G. L.
       title: Sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific-antibodies in dried blood spot samples
        date: 2020-07-02
       words: 1720
      flesch: 42
     summary: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.01.20144295 doi: medRxiv preprint We show that DBS samples can be used for the detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies with high levels of sensitivity and specificity and compared well with matched serum samples. The OD 450 detected by ELISA for matched DBS samples and sera, diluted 1:10 and 1:100 respectively, were plotted.
    keywords: cov-2; dbs; license; preprint; sars
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        item: #3463 of 5187
          id: cord-320848-bz9pf2p6
      author: Sepehrinezhad, Ali
       title: COVID-19 virus may have neuroinvasive potential and cause neurological complications: a perspective review
        date: 2020-05-16
       words: 2767
      flesch: 39
     summary: The presence of the virus in the brain tissue was confirmed by RT-PCR (McCray et al. 2007 ) These cells can express two types of SARS-CoV receptors, such as angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and CD209L (J. Li et al. 2007 ).
    keywords: coronavirus; cov; covid-19; human; infection; oc43; sars
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        item: #3464 of 5187
          id: cord-320860-qt84oicg
      author: Zhang, Aining
       title: Meta-Analysis of coagulation parameters associated with disease severity and poor prognosis of COVID-19
        date: 2020-09-15
       words: 2363
      flesch: 37
     summary: The unique characteristics of COVID-19 coagulopathy Development of a critical appraisal tool to assess the quality of cross-sectional studies (AXIS) Methodological quality (risk of bias) assessment tools for primary and secondary medical studies: what are they and which is better Diagnostic utility of clinical laboratory data determinations for patients with the severe COVID-19 Correlation Between Relative Nasopharyngeal Virus RNA Load and Lymphocyte Count Disease Severity in Patients with COVID Clinical features and treatment of COVID-19 patients in northeast Chongqing Suppressed T cell-mediated immunity in patients with COVID-19: a clinical retrospective study in Wuhan Clinical features and short-term outcomes of 221 patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients undergoing surgeries during the incubation period of COVID-19 infection Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China Anticoagulant treatment is associated with decreased mortality in severe coronavirus disease 2019 patients with coagulopathy Epidemiological, clinical and virological characteristics of 74 cases of coronavirus Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study Prominent changes in blood coagulation of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection Procalcitonin in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A meta-analysis PPIs and Beyond: A Framework for Managing Anticoagulation-Related Gastrointestinal Bleeding in the Era of COVID-19 Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Difference of coagulation features between severe pneumonia induced by SARS-CoV2 and non-SARS-CoV2 Prevention and Treatment of Venous Thromboembolism Associated with Coronavirus Disease 2019 Conclusions Our data support the notion that coagulopathy could be considered as a risk factor for disease severity and mortality of COVID-19, which may help clinicians to identify the incidence of poor outcomes in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: coagulation; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; patients; studies
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        item: #3465 of 5187
          id: cord-320864-k9zksbyt
      author: Remes-Troche, J. M.
       title: Recommendations for the reopening and activity resumption of the neurogastroenterology units in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. Position of the Sociedad Latinoamericana de Neurogastroenterología
        date: 2020-11-01
       words: 4674
      flesch: 40
     summary: but due to the fact that the epidemiologic behavior, protective equipment avail-ability, serologic diagnostic test performance capacity for corroborating immunity, and socioeconomic context are different throughout Latin America, a group of experts that are members of the Sociedad Latinoamericana de Neurogastroenterología (SLNG) had a virtual meeting to formulate a consensus document with recommendations for the performance of gastrointestinal motility tests. According to the International Anorectal Physiology Working Group (IAPWG) and the London classification, the conventional indications for performing anorectal function tests (primarily anorectal manometry [ARM]) 17 are: 1) constipation and/or defecation disorder symptom evaluation, 2) fecal incontinence (FI) evaluation, 3) painful anorectal disorder evaluation, 4) preoperative and postoperative evaluation of ileorectal anastomoses, rectopexy, fistulotomies, etc., and 5) evaluation of obstetric trauma.
    keywords: case; country; covid-19; infection; motility; pandemic; patients; performance; recommendations; risk; tests; use
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        item: #3466 of 5187
          id: cord-320882-cr0ccsnp
      author: Li Volti, Giovanni
       title: Smoking and SARS-CoV-2 Disease (COVID-19): Dangerous Liaisons or Confusing Relationships?
        date: 2020-05-02
       words: 1237
      flesch: 40
     summary: The authors present findings linking ACE-2 expression to smoking in a variety of experimental models together with observations of their own; immunohistochemistry data showing an increased expression of ACE-2 in a series of biopsies from a group of current smokers with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease when compared to a control group. The authors then venture into reporting existing Chinese case reports to support their hypothesis that smoking could increase the risk of COVID-19 via upregulation of ACE-2 expression, a known cellular entry gateway for SARS-CoV-2 [2] .
    keywords: angiotensin; cov-2; covid-19; sars; smoking
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        item: #3467 of 5187
          id: cord-320902-1hfxju5f
      author: Filocamo, Giovanni
       title: Use of anakinra in severe COVID-19: a case report
        date: 2020-05-11
       words: 1442
      flesch: 34
     summary: While the former accounts for 80% of cases, severe disease with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and critical disease with respiratory failure and/or multiple organ dysfunction are diagnosed in 15-30% and 5% of COVID-19 patients, respectively (1). To date, May the 5th 2020, 12 clinical trials on anakinra in COVID-19 patients are registered on ClinicalTrials.gov, 7 of them recruiting patients.
    keywords: anakinra; covid-19; patients; treatment
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        item: #3468 of 5187
          id: cord-320909-p93gxjm2
      author: Natoli, S.
       title: Does SARS‐Cov‐2 invade the brain? Translational lessons from animal models
        date: 2020-05-22
       words: 4730
      flesch: 33
     summary: Radiology 2020 Neurological manifestations of hospitalized patients with Coronavirus Disease Labs rush to study coronavirus in transgenic animals -some are in short supply A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Detection of SARS coronavirus RNA in the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient with severe acute respiratory syndrome Possible central nervous system infection by SARS coronavirus Organ distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in SARS patients: Implications for pathogenesis virus transmission pathways Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2: a functional receptor for SARS coronavirus Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus. In line with observations in SARS models, non-human primates and wild-type mice infected with SARS-CoV-2 exhibit a relatively mild clinical disease, in spite of the evidence that Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) revealed a massive infection of the respiratory tract [44, 45] (Table 2) .
    keywords: brain; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; human; infection; mers; mice; models; sars; syndrome
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        item: #3469 of 5187
          id: cord-320912-jfeu4tho
      author: Fukui, M.
       title: Power Laws in Superspreading Events: Evidence from Coronavirus Outbreaks and Implications for SIR Models
        date: 2020-06-12
       words: 11778
      flesch: 55
     summary: We then extend an otherwise standard SIR model with estimated power law distributions, and show that idiosyncratic uncertainties in SSEs will lead to large aggregate uncertainties in infection dynamics, even with large populations. Under thin-tailed distributions, such as the estimated negative binomial distribution or power law distribution with α = 2, the epidemiological outcomes will be essentially predictable.
    keywords: data; distribution; infection; law; mean; power; preprint; sses
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        item: #3470 of 5187
          id: cord-320935-3n157yl4
      author: Kumar, Manish
       title: Making Waves Perspectives of Modelling and Monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 in Aquatic Environment for COVID-19 Pandemic
        date: 2020-09-12
       words: 6629
      flesch: 37
     summary: Although SARS viruses are of zoonotic origin and several countries have already facing secondary transmission of SARS-COV-2, developing an early warning system always presents a challenge. Previous studies have highlighted the persistence of coronavirus and SARS virus in the wastewater, which ranged from hours to several days in the absence of disinfection practices [31, 37] .
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; models; patients; population; sars; spread; temperature; time; transmission; virus; wastewater
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        item: #3471 of 5187
          id: cord-320964-1gg33gdn
      author: Sampieri, Clara Luz
       title: Revisión de nuevas evidencias acerca de la posible transmisión vertical de la COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-20
       words: 4039
      flesch: 34
     summary: El segundo estudio es un informe de un caso de una mujer infectada a las 7 semanas de gestación, cuyas muestras de leche a los 12 y 30 días posparto fueron negativas para anticuerpos contra el SARS-CoV-2 y el recién nacido dio negativo; sin embargo, se desconocen los detalles de la recogida de las muestras de leche 40 . Sus características patogénicas y de transmisión hicieron que la Organización Mundial de la Salud declarara una emergencia de salud pública de interés internacional en enero de 2020, y el 11 de marzo, dada la propagación y la gravedad de la COVID-19, declaró que estas eran características propias de una pandemia, la primera causada por un coronavirus 4 .
    keywords: casos; con; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; del; entre; estudios; las; leche; los; madre; muestras; para; placenta; por; que; sars; transmisión; una; vertical
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        item: #3472 of 5187
          id: cord-320970-ru2iw0py
      author: Peeling, Rosanna W
       title: Serology testing in the COVID-19 pandemic response
        date: 2020-07-17
       words: 3672
      flesch: 43
     summary: Yet the scarcity of knowledge on the dynamics of the immune response to infection has led to hesitation on recommending the use of rapid immunodiagnostic tests, even though rapid serology tests are commercially available and scalable. This research should inform control programmes of the required performance and utility of rapid serology tests, which, when applied specifically for appropriate public health measures to then be put in place, can make a huge difference.
    keywords: antibody; covid-19; patients; serology; testing; tests; use
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        item: #3473 of 5187
          id: cord-321013-8pkrg0mx
      author: McBride, Ruth
       title: The Coronavirus Nucleocapsid Is a Multifunctional Protein
        date: 2014-08-07
       words: 10773
      flesch: 40
     summary: IBV N protein contains a functional nuclear export signal (NES) to traffic N protein to the cytoplasm [68, 71] , and an 8 amino acid NoRS motif at its NTD and is necessary and sufficient for nucleolar retention [68] . It has been proposed that the flexible, positively charged finger-like β-hairpin extension in the NTD of both IBV and SARS-CoV N protein is able to grasp RNA by neutralizing its phosphate groups, while the base moieties can make contact with exposed aromatic residues from the hydrophobic palm [16, 21] .
    keywords: assembly; binding; cell; coronavirus; cov; cov n; ctd; domain; interaction; localization; mhv; n protein; nucleocapsid; protein; residues; rna; sars; structure
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        item: #3474 of 5187
          id: cord-321027-64y43o0y
      author: Andreano, Emanuele
       title: Identification of neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies from Italian Covid-19 convalescent patients
        date: 2020-05-09
       words: 2294
      flesch: 41
     summary: Supernatants from each cell were tested by ELISA for spike protein binding, and positive antibodies were further tested for neutralization of spike binding to receptor(s) on Vero E6 cells and for virus neutralization in vitro. Single-cell RNA-seq analyses to evaluate the expression levels of ACE2 in different human 73 organs have shown that SARS-CoV-2, through the S-protein, can invade human cells in different 74 major physiological systems including the respiratory, cardiovascular, digestive and urinary 75 systems, thus enhancing the possibility of spreading and infection (7).
    keywords: antibodies; cov-2; mabs; protein; sars
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        item: #3475 of 5187
          id: cord-321049-9ozn6il7
      author: de Almeida, Paula Rodrigues
       title: SARS-CoV2 quantification using RT-dPCR: a faster and safer alternative to assist viral genomic copies assessment using RT-qPCR
        date: 2020-05-01
       words: 1312
      flesch: 42
     summary: In this experiment three primer-probe assays were applied to titrate viral genomic copies per microliter. Additional information about viral titration methods in different samples are necessary to estimate viral pathogenicity, to assess treatment success, estimate viral degree of transmissibility and viral survival in different surfaces and situations.
    keywords: dpcr; precision; sars
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        item: #3476 of 5187
          id: cord-321131-f8qeytxc
      author: Zhou, Yanchen
       title: Protease inhibitors targeting coronavirus and filovirus entry
        date: 2015-04-30
       words: 5550
      flesch: 38
     summary: Experiments were therefore repeated at higher doses of cysteine protease inhibitor (50 mg/kg), either alone or in combination with the serine protease inhibitor, camostat (30 mg/kg) (Fig. 3) . Camostat displayed antiviral activity in a pathogenic animal model for SARS-CoV infection, indicating that serine protease inhibitors are suitable for treatment of SARS and potentially MERS.
    keywords: camostat; cells; coronavirus; cov; cysteine; entry; inhibitors; k11777; proteases; sars; serine; virus
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        item: #3477 of 5187
          id: cord-321146-dd8z5c6d
      author: Mishra, Rakesh
       title: SARS-CoV 2 and the Pathobiology of the Respiratory Control Mechanisms in the Brainstem
        date: 2020-07-30
       words: 531
      flesch: 41
     summary: It is prudent to identify if SARS CoV-2 affects the respiratory control mechanisms at the brainstem and lead to complications in addition to primary respiratory damage. Pre-Bötzinger complex: a brainstem region that may generate respiratory rhythm in mammals The neuroinvasive potential of SARS-CoV2 may play a role in the respiratory failure of COVID-19 patients Evidence of the COVID-19 virus targeting the CNS: tissue distribution, host-virus interaction, and proposed neurotropic mechanisms Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus.
    keywords: respiratory; sars
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        item: #3478 of 5187
          id: cord-321155-dty18esg
      author: Zhang, Rongxin
       title: Whole genome identification of potential G-quadruplexes and analysis of the G-quadruplex binding domain for SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-06-05
       words: 4936
      flesch: 47
     summary: G-Quadruplex Telomere DNA-and TERRA-Binding Protein TLS/FUS G-quadruplex preferentially forms at the very 3′ end of vertebrate telomeric DNA An RNA G-quadruplex in the 5′ UTR of the NRAS proto-oncogene modulates translation UTR of the BAG-1 mRNA affects both its cap-dependent and cap-independent translation through global secondary structure maintenance A Gquadruplex structure within the 5′-UTR of TRF2 mRNA represses translation in human cells RNA Gquadruplexes at upstream open reading frames cause DHX36-and DHX9-dependent translation of human mRNAs More Than Just a Kink in Microbial Genomes G-quadruplexes in viruses: function and potential therapeutic applications G-quadruplexes and G-quadruplex ligands: targets and tools in antiviral therapy The SARS-unique domain (SUD) of SARS coronavirus contains two macrodomains that bind G-quadruplexes LTR Reveals a (3 + 1) Folding Topology Containing a Stem-Loop U3 Region in the HIV-1 Genome Adopts a G-Quadruplex Structure in Its RNA and DNA Sequence HIV-1 Nucleocapsid Protein Unfolds Stable RNA G-Quadruplexes in the Viral Genome and Is Inhibited by G-Quadruplex Ligands Anti-HIV-1 activity of the G-quadruplex ligand BRACO-19 Zika Virus Genomic RNA Possesses Conserved G-Quadruplexes Characteristic of the Flaviviridae Family The effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms in G-rich regions of high-risk human papillomaviruses on structural diversity of DNA Chemical Targeting of a G-Quadruplex RNA in the Ebola Virus L Gene New scoring system to identify RNA G-quadruplex folding An <em&gt rG4-seq reveals widespread formation of G-quadruplex structures in the human transcriptome UTR G-quadruplex structures acting as translational repressors Integrative analysis reveals RNA G-quadruplexes in UTRs are selectively constrained and enriched for functional associations G-quadruplex DNA: a potential target for anti-cancer drug design Quadruplex nucleic acids as targets for anticancer therapeutics G-quadruplexes: We noticed that the PG4s in SARS-CoV-2 are all in the two-quartet style.
    keywords: cov-2; genome; human; pg4s; potential; quadruplexes; rna; sars; sequence; sud
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        item: #3479 of 5187
          id: cord-321166-nvphu1fm
      author: Thomson, Emma C.
       title: The circulating SARS-CoV-2 spike variant N439K maintains fitness while evading antibody-mediated immunity
        date: 2020-11-05
       words: 9836
      flesch: 46
     summary: 7.4% of the tested sera showed a greater than 2-fold reduction in binding to N439K RBD as compared to WT RBD (Figures 5A-B and S3) . The sera from the six individuals known to have recovered from infection with SARS-CoV-2 N439K virus showed no change in binding levels to WT RBD as compared to N439K RBD (Figures 5A-B and S3) .
    keywords: antibody; binding; cells; cov-2; d614; data; et al; figure; hace2; immune; mabs; model; mutation; n439k; number; protein; rbd; rbm; residues; sars; sequences; spike; variant; virus
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        item: #3480 of 5187
          id: cord-321208-zemex8bf
      author: Reina, Jordi
       title: Evaluación de diferentes genes en la detección por RT-PCR del SARS-CoV-2 en muestras respiratorias y su evolución en la infección
        date: 2020-05-27
       words: 1001
      flesch: 56
     summary: Por ello se presenta un estudio prospectivo que evalúa la capacidad de amplificación de los tres genes del SARS-CoV-2 (E, RpRd y N) en el diagnóstico de infección por este virus. En general la mayoría de ellas utilizan alguno de los tres genes siguientes: el gen E de la envoltura (propio del género Sarbecovirus)
    keywords: del; gen; muestras
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        item: #3481 of 5187
          id: cord-321231-zlpa3x2x
      author: Anand, Pratima
       title: Clinical profile, viral load, management and outcome of neonates born to COVID 19 positive mothers: a tertiary care centre experience from India
        date: 2020-09-10
       words: 6899
      flesch: 47
     summary: The report has the strengths of elaborate clinical details and the fact that all neonates born to positive mothers could be tested (unlike previous reports where the proportion of neonates could not be tested). a E gene cycle thresholds in maternal neonatal dyads in COVID positive neonates.
    keywords: birth; covid; covid-19; day; delivery; infection; load; mother; neonatal; neonates; study; transmission
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        item: #3482 of 5187
          id: cord-321235-h3w8827o
      author: Cabrera Alvargonzalez, Jorge Julio
       title: Pooling for SARS-CoV-2 control in care institutions
        date: 2020-10-12
       words: 2844
      flesch: 52
     summary: As previous studies [9, 10, 16] , our results using pools showed an increase of 3-5 cycles in the Cq value between pooled tests and individual positive samples. Positive samples detected during Care Homes screening with Cq value below the third quartile were selected.
    keywords: care; people; pooling; prevalence; samples; sars; testing
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        item: #3483 of 5187
          id: cord-321259-wio2b49i
      author: Carmona-Gutierrez, Didac
       title: Digesting the crisis: autophagy and coronaviruses
        date: 2020-05-04
       words: 4365
      flesch: 26
     summary: lifespan extension by the natural polyamine spermidine Spermidine and resveratrol induce autophagy by distinct pathways converging on the acetylproteome Restoring polyamines protects from age-induced memory impairment in an autophagy-dependent manner Chloride accumulation and swelling in endosomes enhances DNA transfer by polyamine-DNA polyplexes Polyamines and Their Role in Virus Infection Interferon-Induced Spermidine-Spermine Acetyltransferase and Polyamine Depletion Restrict Zika and Chikungunya Viruses The Interplay Between Pattern Recognition Receptors and Autophagy in Inflammation Pathogen recognition and innate immunity Autophagy Promotes MHC Class II Presentation of Peptides from Intracellular Source Proteins Autophagy Beyond Intracellular MHC Class II Antigen Presentation Autophagy enhances the presentation of endogenous viral antigens on MHC class I molecules during HSV-1 infection The relationship between autophagy and the immune system and its applications for tumor immunotherapy Caloric Restriction Mimetics Enhance Anticancer Immunosurveillance Autophagy is a critical regulator of memory CD8+ T cell formation Polyamines Control eIF5A Autophagy and inflammasomes Secretory autophagy Human placental trophoblasts confer viral resistance to recipient cells Human TANK-binding kinase 1 is required for early autophagy induction upon herpes simplex virus 1 infection A discovery platform for the identification of caloric restriction mimetics with broad health-improving effects Caloric Restriction Mimetics against Age-Associated Disease: Targets, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Potential Given the devastating consequences of the current COVID-19 pandemic, the question arises whether manipulating autophagy might be an expedient approach to fight the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: autophagy; cell; chloroquine; coronavirus; covid-19; covs; disease; effects; induction; infection; replication; sars; spermidine
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        item: #3484 of 5187
          id: cord-321267-ihd30qi0
      author: Daughton, Christian G.
       title: Natural experiment concept to accelerate the Re-purposing of existing therapeutics for Covid-19
        date: 2020-05-15
       words: 5354
      flesch: 37
     summary: Many different scenarios can be hypothesized for how drug usage might be associated with Covid-19 clinical outcomes. This would entail a more ambitious data collection effort involving collaboration with industrial and environmental toxicologists to extend the utility beyond drug usage by broadening the exposome and incorporating known occupational and environmental hazards.
    keywords: covid-19; disease; drugs; infection; negative; nerd; potential; test; testing; usage
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        item: #3485 of 5187
          id: cord-321308-rwxhdg8r
      author: Grubaugh, Nathan D.
       title: Making sense of mutation: what D614G means for the COVID-19 pandemic remains unclear
        date: 2020-07-03
       words: 1506
      flesch: 50
     summary: The D614G mutation of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein enhances viral infectivity and decreases neutralization sensitivity to individual convalescent sera Tracking changes in SARS-CoV-2 Spike: evidence that D614G increases infectivity of the COVID-19 virus Superspreading and the effect of individual variation on disease emergence A Unique Clade of SARS-CoV-2 Viruses is Associated with Lower Viral Loads in Patient Upper Airways Recently Identified Mutations in the Ebola Virus-Makona Genome Do Not Alter Pathogenicity in Animal Models Naturally mutated spike proteins of SARS-CoV-2 variants show differential levels of cell entry Comparing viral load and clinical outcomes in Washington State across D614G mutation in spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 key: cord-321308-rwxhdg8r authors: Grubaugh, Nathan D.; Hanage, William P.; Rasmussen, Angela L. title: Making sense of mutation: what D614G means for the COVID-19 pandemic remains unclear date: 2020-07-03 journal: Cell DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.06.040 sha: doc_id: 321308 cord_uid: rwxhdg8r Abstract Korber et al.
    keywords: d614
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        item: #3486 of 5187
          id: cord-321315-bzmokdzk
      author: Tanacan, Atakan
       title: The Rate of SARS-CoV-2 Positivity in Asymptomatic Pregnant Women Admitted to Hospital for Delivery: Experience of A Pandemic Center in Turkey
        date: 2020-07-30
       words: 2137
      flesch: 47
     summary: International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics Effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on maternal, perinatal and neonatal outcomes: a systematic review Coronavirus disease 2019 in pregnant women: a report based on 116 cases COVID-19 infection among asymptomatic and symptomatic pregnant women: Two weeks of confirmed presentations to an affiliated pair of SARS-CoV-2 in pregnancy: symptomatic pregnant women are only the tip of the iceberg Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America Covid-19 during pregnancy: a case series from an universally tested population from the north of Portugal None. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.07.051 sha: doc_id: 321315 cord_uid: bzmokdzk OBJECTIVE: To investigate the rate of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) positivity in asymptomatic pregnant women admitted to hospital for delivery in a Turkish pandemic center.
    keywords: covid-19; delivery; pregnancy; risk; sars; women
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        item: #3487 of 5187
          id: cord-321358-plxz5mkg
      author: Zheng, Jun
       title: SARS-CoV-2: an Emerging Coronavirus that Causes a Global Threat
        date: 2020-03-15
       words: 4779
      flesch: 48
     summary: Severe illness can be caused by the remaining three viruses, namely SARS-CoV, which resulted in the outbreak of SARS in 2002 and 2003 The genome sequence of SARS-CoV-2 (WH-Human_1) was first released and shared by China on 10 Jan [12] .
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; infection; novel; patients; pneumonia; sars; transmission; viruses; wuhan
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        item: #3488 of 5187
          id: cord-321369-xzu2faol
      author: Andreano, Emanuele
       title: Extremely potent human monoclonal antibodies from convalescent Covid-19 patients
        date: 2020-10-07
       words: 3704
      flesch: 44
     summary: Furthermore, giving the initial rush in isolating potential antibody candidates for clinical development, the whole picture on different types of neutralizing antibodies generated after infection is not yet clear. We found that approximately 10% of the total B cells against the spike protein produce neutralizing antibodies and these can be divided into 4 different groups recognizing the S1-RBD, S1domain, S2-domain and the S-protein trimer.
    keywords: antibodies; cells; cov-2; human; protein; sars; table
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        item: #3489 of 5187
          id: cord-321380-e5zq15hz
      author: del Campo, P. Lázaro
       title: No transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in a patient undergoing allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation from a matched-related donor with unknown COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-24
       words: 1888
      flesch: 45
     summary: Also, viral RNA could be isolated in plasma or serum from COVID-19 asymptomatic patients in a very low concentration [4] . In conclusion, blood products including hematopoietic stem cells are safe in the context of COVID-19 pandemic.
    keywords: blood; cov-2; covid-19; sars
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        item: #3490 of 5187
          id: cord-321455-ooouqna7
      author: Li, Tao
       title: Characteristics of laboratory indexes in COVID-19 patients with non-severe symptoms in Hefei City, China: diagnostic value in organ injuries
        date: 2020-07-01
       words: 2118
      flesch: 44
     summary: Statistical charts were drawn using GraphPad Prism 8. The LYMPH, EO, and BSO counts in patients with COVID-19 were significantly lower, compared with the controls on the 1st, 4th, 7th, and 10th days of admission, while the MONO counts were significantly higher in COVID-19 patients ( Fig. 1a-d) . *Because the concentrations of IL-1β in patients and IL-10 in controls are below the lower limit of the measurement range, we use the lower limit value of the measurement range as statistical data Analyses of hemostasis, coagulation, and fibrinolysisrelated systems APTT and PT for COVID-19 patients were significantly longer than those in controls, and FDP, D-D, FIB, and PT-INR were higher compared with those in the controls (Table 2 and Fig. 4a f).
    keywords: admission; controls; covid-19; patients; sars; study
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        item: #3491 of 5187
          id: cord-321468-nkl2mls8
      author: Yang, Mo
       title: Thrombopoietin levels increased in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome
        date: 2008-03-07
       words: 2434
      flesch: 49
     summary: These patients were divided into three groups: SARS patients in convalescence (n = 10), active SARS patients (n = 7), and normal control patients (n = 10, laboratory staff and research students). Using a ELISA method, we found an increase in thrombopoietin (TPO) levels in the plasma of convalesced SARS patients (290 ± 53 pg/ml) and active SARS patients (251 ± 23 pg/ml) comparing to that from normal control patients (228 ± 17 pg/ml).
    keywords: cells; patients; plasma; sars; tpo
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        item: #3492 of 5187
          id: cord-321549-r7bmtloy
      author: Jendrny, Paula
       title: Scent dog identification of samples from COVID-19 patients – a pilot study
        date: 2020-07-23
       words: 3461
      flesch: 47
     summary: Pathophysiology, transmission, diagnosis, and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a review Diagnostic accuracy of canine scent detection in early-and late-stage lung and breast cancers Trained dogs identify people with malaria parasites by their odour Using dog scent detection as a point-of-care tool to identify toxigenic clostridium difficile in stool Canine detection of the volatilome: a review of implications for pathogen and disease detection Realtime detection of a virus using detection dogs Biomedical scent detection dogs: would they pass as a health technology? Furthermore, detection dogs were provided both negative control samples with and without previous BPL treatment to exclude hydrolysed BPL as a potential distracting reagent.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; detection; dogs; individuals; samples; sars; study; training
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        item: #3493 of 5187
          id: cord-321552-lsz1onrj
      author: Membrilla, Javier A.
       title: Headache as a Cardinal Symptom of Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Cross‐Sectional Study
        date: 2020-09-28
       words: 4354
      flesch: 43
     summary: In migraine patients, COVID-19 headache tends to last longer, is more severe and presents earlier in the course of the disease than in patients without migraine. We found that patients with migraine tend to have longer and more intense episodes of COVID-19 headaches.
    keywords: covid-19; headache; migraine; pain; patients; sars; study; symptoms
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        item: #3494 of 5187
          id: cord-321564-6950p8i9
      author: Wang, Shiu‐Mei
       title: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein counteracts BST2‐mediated restriction of virus‐like particle release
        date: 2019-07-10
       words: 2804
      flesch: 31
     summary: We previously reported that human coronavirus 229E (HCoV‐229E) infection can alleviate the BST2 tethering of HIV‐1 virions by downregulating cell surface BST2, suggesting that coronaviruses are capable of encoding anti‐BST2 factors. Nevertheless, flow cytometry quantification suggests that BST2 cell surface expression is noticeably reduced in 293T cells following SARS-CoV S coexpression ( Figure 6C ).
    keywords: bst2; cell; cov; release; sars; tetherin; virus; vpu
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        item: #3495 of 5187
          id: cord-321568-okvt1fg3
      author: Alberca, Ricardo Wesley
       title: Perspective: The Potential Effects of Naringenin in COVID-19
        date: 2020-09-25
       words: 4115
      flesch: 28
     summary: In this perspective, we summarize NAR potential anti-inflammatory role in COVID-19 associated risk factors and SARS-CoV-2 infection. Naringenin anti-inflammatory effect was also verified in radiation-induced lung injury, reducing lung inflammation and IL-1β levels (72) .
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; infection; inflammation; lung; mers; model; nar; naringenin; sars; syndrome
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        item: #3496 of 5187
          id: cord-321580-3ru92tra
      author: Hadler, James L
       title: Will SARS-CoV-2 prevention efforts affect the coming influenza season in the United States and northern hemisphere?
        date: 2020-09-07
       words: 1134
      flesch: 31
     summary: The system is large, including up to 4 million visits and 10-25,000 laboratory tests for influenza each week during the peak winter influenza season. In this issue of the Journal of Infectious Diseases, Lei et al present an analysis of the impact of China's -lockdown‖ response to COVID-19 on influenza as measured by China's outpatient hospital-based sentinel surveillance system during the anticipated peak of the influenza season in late January 2020
    keywords: influenza
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        item: #3497 of 5187
          id: cord-321598-ae241pmd
      author: de Vries, A.P.J.
       title: Immediate impact of COVID-19 on transplant activity in the Netherlands
        date: 2020-05-01
       words: 2283
      flesch: 41
     summary: Notably, prioritization of health care services for COVID-19 care raises concerns about allocation of resources to deliver care for transplant patients who might otherwise have excellent 1-year and 10-year survival rates. Early Description of Coronavirus Community respiratory virus infections in immunocompromised patients: hematopoietic stem cell and solid organ transplant recipients, and individuals with human immunodeficiency virus infection Treatment outcomes for patients with Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS CoV) infection at a coronavirus referral center in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Coronaviruses and immunosuppressed patients.
    keywords: care; covid-19; donation; organ; patients; transplant; transplantation
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        item: #3498 of 5187
          id: cord-321603-lbbsnriv
      author: Rao, Mohan
       title: Comparing nasopharyngeal swab and early morning saliva for the identification of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-08-06
       words: 2191
      flesch: 51
     summary: Moreover, saliva collection is non-invasive, patient friendly and applicable for surveillance testing. that walk-in patients' saliva may not meet the specified standards for saliva collection.
    keywords: cov-2; detection; saliva; sars; study
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        item: #3499 of 5187
          id: cord-321624-z2mntwef
      author: Kowitdamrong, Ekasit
       title: Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in patients with differing severities of coronavirus disease 2019
        date: 2020-10-09
       words: 3391
      flesch: 51
     summary: Supporting information S1 Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan A novel coronavirus outbreak of global health concern Early transmission patterns of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in travellers from Wuhan to Thailand Detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real-time RT-PCR SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing-questions to be asked Profiling Early Humoral Response to Diagnose Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in patients with COVID-19 Clinical and immunological assessment of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2-Specific Antibody Responses in Coronavirus Disease Patients Clinical performance of different SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody tests Evaluation of two automated and three rapid lateral flow immunoassays for the detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies Assessment of SARS-CoV-2 serological tests for the diagnosis of COVID-19 through the evaluation of three immunoassays: Two automated immunoassays (Euroimmun and Abbott) and one rapid lateral flow immunoassay (NG Biotech) Performance Characteristics of Four High-Throughput Immunoassays for Detection of IgG Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 Clinical Performance of Two SARS-CoV-2 Serologic Assays Diagnostic performance of seven rapid IgG/IgM antibody tests and the Euroimmun IgA/IgG ELISA in COVID-19 patients Neutralizing Antibodies Responses to SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 Inpatients and Convalescent Patients Sex, age, and hospitalization drive antibody responses in a COVID-19 convalescent plasma donor population. In the present study, 30% of COVID-19 patients developed positive IgA antibodies very early, within 3 days after the onset of symptoms.
    keywords: cov-2; group; iga; igg; patients; sars; symptoms
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        item: #3500 of 5187
          id: cord-321664-3qlfsei6
      author: Somsen, G Aernout
       title: Small droplet aerosols in poorly ventilated spaces and SARS-CoV-2 transmission
        date: 2020-05-27
       words: 1244
      flesch: 46
     summary: The persistence of small respiratory droplets in such poorly ventilated spaces could contribute to the spread of SARS-CoV-2. In a cough from a healthy volunteer, we found two distinct types of drops, large droplets (100-1000 μm in diameter) and small droplets (1-10 μm), with the small droplets being much more prevalent (appendix p 1).
    keywords: droplets; sars; transmission
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        item: #3501 of 5187
          id: cord-321670-f2d4bykp
      author: Longardt, Ann Carolin
       title: Perinatale Aspekte der SARS-CoV-2 Infektion
        date: 2020-08-24
       words: 2938
      flesch: 48
     summary: Da das Frühgeborene unmittelbar nach der Entbindung durch Sectio von der Mutter isoliert und nicht durch die Mutter gestillt wurde, erscheint eine postpartale Infektion nach Angaben der Autoren unwahrscheinlich und damit eine vertikale Transmission naheliegend [37] . Abgesehen davon, dass das Virus selten im Blut detektiert wurde, stellt sich auch die Frage nach der Expres sion des SARS-CoV-2-Rezeptors ACE2 im Bereich der maternofetalen Grenzfläche beziehungsweise in der Plazenta.
    keywords: auf; bei; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; covid19; das; der; die; eine; frauen; für; ist; mit; oder; sars; transmission; und; von; women; wurden
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        item: #3502 of 5187
          id: cord-321673-v5o49ees
      author: Nieto-Torres, Jose L.
       title: Relevance of Viroporin Ion Channel Activity on Viral Replication and Pathogenesis
        date: 2015-07-03
       words: 8415
      flesch: 34
     summary: Pore formation by nonstructural poliovirus 2B protein A potassium channel protein encoded by Chlorella virus PBCV-1 In vitro synthesis, tetramerization and single channel characterization of virus-encoded potassium channel Kcv Structural flexibility of the pentameric SARS coronavirus envelope protein ion channel Structure and inhibition of the SARS coronavirus envelope protein ion channel Three-dimensional structure of the channel-forming trans-membrane domain of virus protein u (Vpu) from HIV-1 Structure and ion channel activity of the human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) small hydrophobic protein transmembrane domain The 3-dimensional structure of a hepatitis C virus p7 ion channel by electron microscopy High-risk human papillomavirus E5 oncoprotein displays channel-forming activity sensitive to small-molecule inhibitors Reconstitution of the influenza virus M2 ion channel in lipid bilayers Correlation of the structural and functional domains in the membrane protein vpu from HIV-1 Direct measurement of the influenza a virus M2 protein ion channel activity in mammalian cells Proton conductance of influenza virus M2 protein in planar lipid bilayers Definitive assignment of proton selectivity and attoampere unitary current to the M2 ion channel protein of influenza A virus Cation-selective ion channels formed by p7 of hepatitis C virus are blocked by hexamethylene amiloride Inhibition of the human respiratory syncytial virus small hydrophobic protein and structural variations in a bicelle environment Syringomycin e channel: A lipidic pore stabilized by lipopeptide? The cytoplasmic tails of infectious bronchitis virus E and M proteins mediate their interaction The PDZ-binding motif of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus envelope protein is a determinant of viral pathogenesis The influenza virus M2 protein cytoplasmic tail interacts with the M1 protein and influences virus assembly at the site of virus budding Influenza virus M2 protein mediates ESCRT-independent membrane scission Tetherin inhibits retrovirus release and is antagonized by HIV-1 Vpu The interferon-induced protein BST-2 restricts HIV-1 release and is downregulated from the cell surface by the viral Vpu protein Ion channel activity of HIV-1 Vpu is dispensable for counteraction of CD317 Influenza A virus M2 ion channel activity is essential for efficient replication in tissue culture Influenza A virus can undergo multiple cycles of replication without M2 ion channel activity Identification of an ion channel activity of the Vpu transmembrane domain and its involvement in the regulation of virus release from HIV-1-infected cells Influence of amantadine resistance mutations on the pH regulatory function of the M2 protein of influenza A viruses Hexamethylene amiloride blocks E protein ion channels and inhibits
    keywords: activity; cell; channel; cov; ion; lipid; membranes; production; protein; sars; viroporins; virus; viruses
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        item: #3503 of 5187
          id: cord-321691-46la29tm
      author: Hsueh, Po-Ren
       title: SARS Antibody Test for Serosurveillance
        date: 2004-09-17
       words: 2800
      flesch: 38
     summary: Ho Ping and Yang Ming Hospitals had admitted SARS patients before the recognition of SARS and before healthcare workers had implemented control measures. Use of laboratory methods for SARS diagnosis Evaluation of reverse transcriptase-PCR assays for rapid diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome associated with a novel coronavirus surveillance case definition for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and update on SARS cases-United States and worldwide The severe acute respiratory syndrome Profile of specific antibodies to the SARS-associated coronavirus SARS Laboratory Workshop.
    keywords: cov; elisa; patients; peptide; samples; sars; serum
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        item: #3504 of 5187
          id: cord-321714-yhruzu7f
      author: Ryu, Young Bae
       title: SARS-CoV 3CL(pro) inhibitory effects of quinone-methide triterpenes from Tripterygium regelii
        date: 2010-03-15
       words: 1937
      flesch: 52
     summary: The worldwide outbreak of the life-threatening disease severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) was caused by infection with SARS-CoV as a novel coronavirus (CoV). Isolated quinone-methide triterpenes (1–4) and 5 were evaluated for SARS-CoV 3CL(pro) inhibitory activities and showed potent inhibitory activities with IC(50) values of 10.3, 5.5, 9.9, and 2.6 μM, respectively, whereas the corresponding 5 having phenol moiety was observed in low activity (IC(50) = 21.7 μM).
    keywords: 3cl; cov; methide; pro; quinone; sars
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        item: #3505 of 5187
          id: cord-321742-cstub5zz
      author: Tovar, Isabel
       title: Rationale for the Use of Radiation-Activated Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
        date: 2020-09-02
       words: 6900
      flesch: 28
     summary: All of the above leads us to believe that the amount of MSCs cells that engraft onto injured tissues may not be sufficient to account for their robust overall protective effects. Moreover, in order to alleviate patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, the obvious risk of adverse thrombotic reactions after the transplant of high doses of poorly typified cell product, an obligatory a set of significant procedures for combining innate immune hemocompatibility examination into the usual patients' characterization and clinical procedures, before applying MSCs cell therapies has been proposed [84] .
    keywords: annexin; anxa1; cells; effects; exosomes; inflammation; lung; mesenchymal; mscs; patients; radiation; stem; stromal; therapy
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        item: #3506 of 5187
          id: cord-321768-oevswvvd
      author: Duan, Ya-qi
       title: Deficiency of Tfh Cells and Germinal Center in Deceased COVID-19 Patients
        date: 2020-08-07
       words: 2311
      flesch: 44
     summary: We found a dominant presence of macrophages and a general deficiency of T cells and B cells in the lung tissues from deceased COVID-19 patients. In summary, our data highlight a defect of germinal center structure in deceased COVID-19 patients leading to an impaired humoral immunity.
    keywords: cells; covid-19; lung; patients; tissues
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        item: #3507 of 5187
          id: cord-321770-g5xcfhnh
      author: de Farias, Emmerson Carlos Franco
       title: MULTISYSTEM INFLAMMATORY SYNDROME IN A CHILD ASSOCIATED WITH CORONAVIRUS DISEASE 19 IN THE BRAZILIAN AMAZON: FATAL OUTCOME IN AN INFANT
        date: 2020-08-26
       words: 2340
      flesch: 35
     summary: Recently, there have been reports of children with severe inflammatory syndrome and multiorgan dysfunction associated with elevated inflammatory markers. Recently, there have been reports 4-7 of children who were previously healthy and tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, progressing to severe inflammatory syndrome and presenting with characteristics that are similar to those of Kawasaki disease or toxic shock syndrome.
    keywords: children; cov-2; covid-19; disease; pediatric; sars; syndrome
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        item: #3508 of 5187
          id: cord-321784-nubu5fuz
      author: Salazar, E.
       title: Treatment of COVID-19 Patients with Convalescent Plasma in Houston, Texas
        date: 2020-05-13
       words: 3568
      flesch: 54
     summary: Retrospective comparison of convalescent plasma with continuing high-dose methylprednisolone treatment in SARS patients Use of convalescent plasma therapy in SARS patients in Hong Kong Convalescent plasma treatment reduced mortality in patients with severe pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 virus infection Structure, Function, and Antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein Structural and Functional Basis of SARS-CoV-2 Entry by Using Human ACE2 Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation Global initiative on sharing all influenza data -from vision to reality Convalescent plasma as a potential therapy for COVID The effectiveness of convalescent etiology: a systematic review and exploratory meta-analysis Clinical characteristics of fatal and recovered cases of Effective treatment of severe COVID-19 patients with tocilizumab GS-5734™) in Participants With Severe Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) National Institutes of Health. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.08.20095471 doi: medRxiv preprint A confounding variable in many convalescent plasma studies is the addition of other treatment regimens, such as antivirals and anti-inflammatory compounds.
    keywords: convalescent; covid-19; medrxiv; patients; plasma; preprint; sars; transfusion
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        item: #3509 of 5187
          id: cord-321797-2xhusfth
      author: Lee‐Baggley, Dayna
       title: Coping with the threat of severe acute respiratory syndrome: Role of threat appraisals and coping responses in health behaviors
        date: 2004-03-11
       words: 6364
      flesch: 45
     summary: Perception of SARS threat was significantly related to reports of both coping (wishful thinking and support seeking) and health behaviors (avoidant behavior, avoiding people perceived to be at risk for SARS and taking precautions). The understanding of how individuals cope with SARS would be aided by longitudinal data permitting, for example, examination of the endurance of health behavior changes or how fluctuations in perceptions of threat, perhaps related to media reports, are related to changes in health behaviors.
    keywords: behaviors; coping; health; people; sars; study; support; thinking; threat
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        item: #3510 of 5187
          id: cord-321800-0h28pg3b
      author: Klingelhöfer, Doris
       title: Coronavirus: An insight into global research until outbreak of COVID-19 and its implications for the future
        date: 2020-09-23
       words: 6123
      flesch: 51
     summary: During this period, the affected nations seem to have created an awareness of the importance of SARS research and the international interest in CoV research that responds to it. The financing of CoV research is also picking up speed.
    keywords: articles; cases; countries; cov; mers; number; publication; research; sars
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        item: #3511 of 5187
          id: cord-321819-lqyo9px1
      author: Chaw, Liling
       title: Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Transmission in Different Settings, Brunei
        date: 2020-11-17
       words: 4175
      flesch: 43
     summary: We characterized a cluster of COVID-19 cases in Brunei among attendees of the Tablighi Jama'at in Malaysia, an SSE that led to an epidemic in Brunei. Brunei's Ministry of Health (MoH) is responsible for communicable disease surveillance and implemented testing criteria for suspected COVID-19 cases on January 23, 2020.
    keywords: attack; brunei; case; contacts; cov-2; persons; sars; transmission
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        item: #3512 of 5187
          id: cord-321854-cy8vyb6j
      author: Ripperger, Tyler J.
       title: Orthogonal SARS-CoV-2 Serological Assays Enable Surveillance of Low Prevalence Communities and Reveal Durable Humoral Immunity.
        date: 2020-10-14
       words: 3297
      flesch: 38
     summary: It remains possible that antibody titers will wane substantially at later times. 556 Correlation r values between antibody titers and neutralizing titers were determined using a 558 Pearson correlation.
    keywords: antibodies; antibody; figure; neutralizing; rbd; samples; sars; titers
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        item: #3513 of 5187
          id: cord-321855-7b1c2xdh
      author: Alshami, Alanoud
       title: Silent disease and loss of taste and smell are common manifestations of SARS-COV-2 infection in a quarantine facility: Saudi Arabia
        date: 2020-10-30
       words: 3382
      flesch: 53
     summary: A recent study has shown that the viral load detected in asymptomatic patients was similar to the viral load of symptomatic patients suggesting that asymptomatic patients can also transmit the disease This regulation has helped us to better understand the prevalence of SARS-COV-2 infection in asymptomatic patients.
    keywords: asymptomatic; disease; patients; residents; study; symptoms
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        item: #3514 of 5187
          id: cord-321858-c5m4dj9m
      author: Yoshizawa, Shin-ichiro
       title: Evaluation of an octahydroisochromene scaffold used as a novel SARS 3CL protease inhibitor
        date: 2020-02-15
       words: 6602
      flesch: 47
     summary: Sharpless-Katsuki asymmetric epoxidation and Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation reaction were used to construct the four possible diastereoisomers of the octahydroisochromene scaffold by selecting the appropriate chiral ligand in each asymmetric reaction. The synthesis of the requisite oxygen-containing precursor used in the ring-closing reaction can be achieved using established stereo-selective reactions such as the Sharpless-Katsuki asymmetric epoxidation and Sharpless dihydroxylation reaction.
    keywords: mixture; mmol; octahydroisochromene; position; reaction; ring; scaffold
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        item: #3515 of 5187
          id: cord-321867-7n88rl6p
      author: Jee, J.
       title: Oncologic Immunomodulatory Agents in Patients with Cancer and COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-12
       words: 3946
      flesch: 45
     summary: [6] [7] have identified cancer patient characteristics, such as thoracic and hematologic malignancy, associated with worse outcomes, but there is mixed data regarding the outcomes of cancer patients with COVID-19 treated with immunomodulatory agents. In the absence of prospective studies and evidence-based guidelines, our data may aid providers looking to assess the risks and benefits of these agents in caring for cancer patients in the COVID-19 era.
    keywords: cancer; covid-19; medrxiv; outcomes; patients; preprint
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        item: #3516 of 5187
          id: cord-321901-zpi7uis1
      author: Roberts, Anjeanette
       title: Animal models and antibody assays for evaluating candidate SARS vaccines: Summary of a technical meeting 25–26 August 2005, London, UK
        date: 2006-11-30
       words: 6604
      flesch: 36
     summary: Severe acute respiratory syndrome WHO investigates China's fall in SARS cases WHO says SARS outbreak is over, but fight should go on Summary of probable SARS cases with onset of illness from 1 Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Characterization of a novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Unique and conserved features of genome and proteome of SARS-coronavirus, an early split-off from the coronavirus group 2 lineage The Genome sequence of the SARS-associated coronavirus SARS coronavirus: a new challenge for prevention and therapy Isolation and characterization of viruses related to the SARS coronavirus from animals in southern China The aetiology, origins, and diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome Structure of SARS coronavirus spike receptor-binding domain complexed with receptor Adaptation of SARS coronavirus to humans Bats are natural reservoirs of SARS-like coronaviruses Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-like virus in Chinese horseshoe bats Clinical progression and viral load in a community outbreak of coronavirus-associated SARS pneumonia: a prospective study Clinical features and short-term outcomes of 144 patients with SARS in the greater Toronto area Coronavirus pathogenesis and the emerging pathogen severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus SARS immunity and vaccination Prior infection and passive transfer of neutralizing antibody prevent replication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in the respiratory tract of mice Aged BALB/c mice as a model for increased severity of severe acute respiratory syndrome in elderly humans Virology: SARS virus infection of cats and ferrets Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection of golden Syrian hamsters Koch's postulates fulfilled for SARS virus Newly discovered coronavirus as the primary cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Effects of a SARS-associated coronavirus vaccine in monkeys Replication of SARS coronavirus administered into the respiratory tract of African Green, rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys Macaque model for severe acute respiratory syndrome An animal model of SARS produced by infection of Macaca mulatta with SARS coronavirus An exposed domain in the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein induces neutralizing antibodies Identification of an antigenic determinant on the S2 domain of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike glycoprotein capable of inducing neutralizing antibodies Contributions of the structural proteins of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus to protective immunity Evaluation of human monoclonal antibody 80R for immunoprophylaxis of severe acute respiratory syndrome by an animal study, epitope mapping, and analysis of spike variants Development and characterisation of neutralising monoclonal antibody to the SARS-coronavirus Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein expressed by attenuated vaccinia virus protectively immunizes mice A DNA vaccine induces SARS coronavirus neutralization and protective immunity in mice Immunization with modified vaccinia virus Ankara-based recombinant vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome is associated with enhanced hepatitis in ferrets Mucosal immunisation of African green monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops) with an attenuated parainfluenza virus expressing the SARS coronavirus spike protein for the prevention of SARS Adenoviral expression of a truncated S1 subunit of SARS-CoV spike protein results in specific humoral immune responses against SARS-CoV in rats Identification of the membrane-active regions of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike membrane glycoprotein using a 16/18-mer peptide scan: implications for the viral fusion mechanism Mechanisms of host defense following severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) pulmonary infection of mice Symptoms of infection caused by SARS coronavirus in laboratory mice and guinea pigs Civets are equally susceptible to experimental infection by two different severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus isolates Infection of SARS-CoV on juvenile and adult Brandt's vole Microtus brandtii Potent neutralization of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus by a human mAb to S1 protein that blocks receptor association Development and characterization of a severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus-neutralizing human monoclonal antibody that provides effective immunoprophylaxis in mice Human monoclonal antibody as prophylaxis for SARS coronavirus infection in ferrets An efficient method to make human monoclonal antibodies from memory B cells: potent neutralization of SARS coronavirus Therapy with a severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus-neutralizing human monoclonal antibody reduces disease severity and viral burden in golden Syrian hamsters A single immunization with a rhabdovirus-based vector expressing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) S protein results in the production of high levels of SARS-CoV-neutralizing antibodies Long-term protection from SARS coronavirus infection conferred by a single immunization with an attenuated VSV-based vaccine Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus nucleocapsid protein expressed by an adenovirus vector is phosphorylated and immunogenic in mice Characterization of humoral responses in mice immunized with plasmid DNAs encoding SARS-CoV spike gene fragments A subcutaneously injected UV-inactivated SARS coronavirus vaccine elicits systemic humoral immunity in mice Inactivated SARS-CoV vaccine prepared from whole virus induces a high level of neutralizing antibodies in BALB/c mice Immunogenicity of SARS inactivated vaccine in BALB/c mice Augmentation of immune responses to SARS coronavirus by a combination of DNA and whole killed virus vaccines Immunogenicity, safety, and protective efficacy of an inactivated SARS-associated coronavirus vaccine in rhesus monkeys A double-inactivated whole virus candidate SARS coronavirus vaccine stimulates neutralising and protective antibody responses Antibody-dependent enhancement of virus infection and disease Antibody-dependent enhancement of viral infection: molecular mechanisms and in vivo implications Intracellular transport of recombinant coronavirus spike proteins: implications for virus assembly Localization of antigenic sites of the S glycoprotein of feline infectious peritonitis virus involved in neutralization and antibody-dependent enhancement Monoclonal antibody analysis of neutralization and antibody-dependent enhancement of feline infectious peritonitis virus Laboratory Biosafety Manual WHO biosafety guidelines for handling of SARS specimens Caution urged on SARS vaccines The authors thank Dr. Marc P. Girard and Dr. Marie-Paule Kieny for their invaluable assistance in preparing the manuscript.
    keywords: animal; antibody; assays; coronavirus; cov; disease; human; infection; mice; models; sars; studies; syndrome; vaccines
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        item: #3517 of 5187
          id: cord-321918-9jwma2y6
      author: Xiu, Siyu
       title: Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Entry: Current and Future Opportunities
        date: 2020-06-15
       words: 10551
      flesch: 42
     summary: Hypertension A novel angiotensin-converting enzyme−related carboxypeptidase (ACE2) converts angiotensin I to angiotensin 1−9 Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as a SARS-CoV-2 receptor: molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic target Screening and identification of linear B-cell epitopes and entry-blocking peptide of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-associated coronavirus using synthetic overlapping peptide library A hexapeptide of the receptor-binding domain of SARS corona virus spike protein blocks viral entry into host cells via the human receptor ACE2 Using peptidomimetics and constrained peptides as valuable tools for inhibiting protein−protein interactions Novel peptide inhibitors of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 Structure-based discovery of a novel angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 inhibitor Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in Vitro Breakthrough: chloroquine phosphate has shown apparent efficacy in treatment of COVID-19 associated pneumonia in clinical studies Therapy and pharmacological properties of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine in treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis and related diseases In vitro antiviral activity and projection of optimized dosing design of hydroxychloroquine for the treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Chronic hydroxychloroquine use associated with qt prolongation and refractory ventricular arrhythmia Conduction disorder and qt prolongation secondary to long-term treatment with chloroquine Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine retinopathy-related risk factors in a turkish cohort Tumor necrosis factor-alpha convertase (ADAM17) mediates regulated ectodomain shedding of the severe-acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) TACE antagonists blocking ACE2 shedding caused by the spike protein of SARS-CoV are candidate antiviral compounds ACE2 X-ray structures reveal a large hingebending motion important for inhibitor binding and catalysis Szczubialka, K. Novel polymeric inhibitors of HCoV-NL63 HTCC: broad range inhibitor of coronavirus entry Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 protects from severe acute lung failure The discovery of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and its role in acute lung injury in mice Cell-based antiviral screening against coronaviruses: developing virus-specific and broad-spectrum inhibitors Inhibitors of cathepsin L prevent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus entry Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) infection inhibition using spike protein heptad repeat-derived peptides Structures and polymorphic interactions of two heptad-repeat regions of the SARS virus S2 protein Inhibition of human coronavirus NL63 infection at early stages of the replication cycle Fusion core structure of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV): in search of potent SARS-CoV entry inhibitors Protective effect of intranasal regimens containing peptidic middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus fusion inhibitor against mers-cov infection A pan-coronavirus fusion inhibitor targeting the HR1 domain of human coronavirus spike Fusion mechanism of 2019-nCoV and fusion inhibitors targeting HR1 domain in spike protein Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 infection (previously 2019-nCoV) by a highly potent pan-coronavirus fusion inhibitor targeting its spike protein that harbors a high capacity to mediate membrane fusion Identification of a novel inhibitor against Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Peptide-based membrane fusion inhibitors targeting hcov-229e spike protein HR1 and HR2 domains SARS-CoV-2) based on SARS-CoV immunological studies Fully human monoclonal antibody directed to proteolytic cleavage site in severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Situation Reports; World Health Organization COVID-19) Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation Clathrin-dependent entry of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus into target cells expressing ACE2 with the cytoplasmic tail deleted SARS coronavirus entry into host cells through a novel clathrin-and caveolae-independent endocytic pathway Ebola virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus display late cell entry kinetics: evidence that transport to NPC1+ endolysosomes is a rate-defining step Coronavirus cell entry occurs through the endo-/ lysosomal pathway in a proteolysis-dependent manner Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection mediated by the transmembrane serine protease TMPRSS2 SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor Host cell entry of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus after two-step, furin-mediated activation of the spike protein The spike glycoprotein of the new coronavirus 2019-nCoV contains a furin-like cleavage site absent in CoV of the same clade Structure of the hemagglutinin precursor cleavage site, a determinant of influenza pathogenicity and the origin of the labile conformation Characterization of a highly conserved domain within the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein S2 domain with characteristics of a viral fusion peptide Genetic analysis of the SARS-coronavirus spike glycoprotein functional domains involved in cell-surface expression and cell-to-cell fusion Identification and characterization of the putative fusion peptide of the severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus spike protein Drug targets for corona virus: a systematic review Mouse hepatitis virus type 2 enters cells through a clathrin-mediated endocytic pathway independent of eps15 A decade after SARS: strategies for controlling emerging coronaviruses Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Isolate Wuhan-Hu-1 A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China Structural basis for the recognition of the SARS-CoV-2 by full-length human ACE2 Learning from the past: possible urgent prevention and treatment options for severe acute respiratory infections caused by 2019-nCoV Pathology and pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome Role of changes in SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in the interaction with the human ACE2 receptor: an in silico analysis Cryo-EM structure of the SARS coronavirus spike glycoprotein in complex with its host cell receptor ACE2 Structure of SARS coronavirus spike receptor-binding domain complexed with receptor Design and biological activities of novel inhibitory peptides for SARS-CoV spike protein and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 interaction Identification of critical determinants on ACE2 for SARS-CoV entry and development of a potent entry inhibitor Faccin-Galhardi, L. C. Antibody therapy for the control of viral diseases: an update Monoclonal antibodies for prophylaxis and therapy of infectious diseases.
    keywords: ace2; cells; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; entry; fusion; human; infection; inhibitors; mers; peptide; protein; receptor; sars; spike; syndrome; value
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        item: #3518 of 5187
          id: cord-321933-cq0fa3hs
      author: Koff, Alan G.
       title: Prolonged incubation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in a patient on rituximab therapy
        date: 2020-10-07
       words: 1228
      flesch: 43
     summary: The incubation period of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from publicly reported confirmed cases: estimation and application Incubation period of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infections among travellers from Wuhan, China The difference in the incubation period of 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection between travelers to Hubei and nontravelers: the need for a longer quarantine period Epidemiological characteristics and incubation period of 7,015 confirmed cases with coronavirus disease 2019 outside Hubei Province in China Incubation period and other epidemiological characteristics of 2019 novel coronavirus infections with right truncation: a statistical analysis of publicly available case data COVID-19) quarantine and isolation Variation in false-negative rate of reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction-based SARS-CoV-2 tests by time since exposure A case of COVID-19 with ultra-long incubation period Acknowledgments. 1 Whether prolonged incubation periods may occur in other immunosuppressing conditions remains to be evaluated, and further data in this area are needed to better define the appropriate quarantine period in this population.
    keywords: days; incubation; period; sars
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        item: #3519 of 5187
          id: cord-321938-pda4a5n7
      author: Weisshoff, Hardy
       title: Aptamer BC 007 - Efficient binder of spreading-crucial SARS-CoV-2 proteins
        date: 2020-11-02
       words: 5099
      flesch: 47
     summary: Even though the RNA dependent RNA polymerase occurring peptidesequence, HRFYRLAN, showed the highest amount of folded BC 007, the maximal folding capacity was subsequently induced simply by adding 5 mM KCl to the peptide-aptamer mixture ( Figure 5A ). key: cord-321938-pda4a5n7 authors: Weisshoff, Hardy; Krylova, Oxana; Nikolenko, Heike; Düngen, Hans-Dirk; Dallmann, Andre; Becker, Susanne; Göttel, Peter; Müller, Johannes; Haberland, Annekathrin title: Aptamer BC 007 - Efficient binder of spreading-crucial SARS-CoV-2 proteins date: 2020-11-02 journal: Heliyon DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05421 sha: doc_id: 321938 cord_uid: pda4a5n7 Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory disease caused by a new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) which causes significant morbidity and mortality.
    keywords: 007; aptamer; binding; cov-2; data; hrfyrlan; peptide; polymerase; protein; rna; sars
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        item: #3520 of 5187
          id: cord-322005-70snojec
      author: Yao, Pingping
       title: Isolation and Growth Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 in Vero Cell
        date: 2020-06-19
       words: 890
      flesch: 59
     summary: B Nucleotide mutations of isolated viruses at passage 3. E The multiple growth curve of isolated viruses.
    keywords: cov-2; fig; sars
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        item: #3521 of 5187
          id: cord-322007-xy66t0ls
      author: Humbert, S
       title: COVID-19 as a cause of immune thrombocytopenia
        date: 2020-05-20
       words: 950
      flesch: 42
     summary: An ITP flare has recently been described during Zika virus infection [3] ; and once during non-symptomatic infection with SARS-CoV-1 [4] . The American Society of Hematology 2011 evidence-based practice guideline for immune thrombocytopenia Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura in a Patient with Covid-19 Zika virus (ZIKV) infection related with immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) exacerbation and antinuclear antibody positivity Severe Immune Thrombocytopenia Complicated by Intracerebral Haemorrhage Associated with Coronavirus Infection: A Case Report and Literature Review Abnormal coagulation parameters are associated with poor prognosis in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia Exploring possible mechanisms for COVID-19 induced thrombocytopenia: Unanswered Questions Pathogenesis of immune thrombocytopenia Role of molecular mimicry of hepatitis C virus protein with platelet GPIIIa in hepatitis C-related immunologic thrombocytopenia Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in patients of novel coronavirus disease 2019 Antibodies to coronaviruses are higher in older compared with younger adults and binding antibodies are more sensitive than neutralizing antibodies in identifying coronavirus-associated illnesses
    keywords: itp; platelet; sars; thrombocytopenia
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        item: #3522 of 5187
          id: cord-322009-0cwljo0c
      author: Ma, Ling
       title: Coinfection of SARS-CoV-2 and Other Respiratory Pathogens
        date: 2020-08-26
       words: 3797
      flesch: 36
     summary: To differentiate between respiratory infections caused by SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory pathogens during the COVID-19 outbreak in Wuhan, we simultaneously tested for SARS-CoV-2 and pathogens associated with CAP to determine the incidence and impact of respiratory coinfections in COVID-19 patients. Coinfections in COVID-19 patients are common.
    keywords: coinfection; cov-2; covid-19; group; pathogens; patients; sars; study
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        item: #3523 of 5187
          id: cord-322044-4eejzpmn
      author: Frediansyah, Andri
       title: Remdesivir and its antiviral activity against COVID-19: A systematic review
        date: 2020-08-07
       words: 615
      flesch: 34
     summary: Although remdesivir has shown potent antiviral activities, more efficacy assessments are urgently warranted in clinical trials. The most [44] and it have been used to treat severe COVID-19 patients, as an emergency use [45] [46]
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; remdesivir
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        item: #3524 of 5187
          id: cord-322051-89wgv100
      author: Tanasa, Ingrid Andrada
       title: Anosmia and ageusia associated with coronavirus infection (COVID-19) - what is known?
        date: 2020-05-28
       words: 2263
      flesch: 36
     summary: A descriptive study Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan Self-reported olfactory and taste disorders in SARS-CoV-2 patients: A cross-sectional study Cutaneous manifestations in COVID-19: A first perspective Giant cell arteritis with arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy Features of anosmia in COVID-19 Neurologic manifestations of hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease Objective evaluation of anosmia and ageusia in COVID-19 patients: Single-center experience on 72 cases Anosmia and ageusia: common findings in COVID-19 Patients Olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions as a clinical presentation of mild-to-moderate forms of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19): A multicenter European study Receptor and viral determinants of SARS-coronavirus adaptation to human ACE2 Comparative genetic analysis of the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV/SARS-CoV-2) receptor ACE2 in different populations Multiple organ infection and the pathogenesis of SARS A single-cell atlas of the airway epithelium reveals the CFTR-rich pulmonary ionocyte Morphologic changes in the nasal cavity associated with sialodacryoadenitis virus infection in the Wistar rat Inflammatory obstruction of the olfactory clefts and olfactory loss in humans: A new syndrome? Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection causes neuronal death in the absence of encephalitis in mice transgenic for human ACE2 High expression of ACE2 receptor of 2019-nCoV on the epithelial cells of oral mucosa Temporal profiles of viral load in posterior oropharyngeal saliva samples and serum antibody responses during infection by SARS-CoV-2: An observational cohort study Reduced salivary mucin binding and glycosylation in older adults influences taste in an in vitro cell model MRI detection of olfactory bulb and tract Coincidence of COVID-19 epidemic and olfactory dysfunction outbreak COVID-19 and treatment with NSAIDs and corticosteroids: Should we be limiting their use in the clinical setting Topical therapy in anosmia: Relevance of steroid-responsiveness Effects of olfactory training in patients with olfactory loss Olfactory training is helpful in postinfectious olfactory loss: A randomized, controlled, multicenter study Olfactory training changes electrophysiological responses at the level of the olfactory epithelium The authors declare that they have no competing interests. key: cord-322051-89wgv100 authors: Tanasa, Ingrid Andrada; Manciuc, Carmen; Carauleanu, Alexandru; Navolan, Dan Bogdan; Bohiltea, Roxana Elena; Nemescu, Dragos title: Anosmia and ageusia associated with coronavirus infection (COVID-19) - what is known? date: 2020-05-28 journal: Exp Ther Med DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8808 sha: doc_id: 322051 cord_uid: 89wgv100 In 2020 a new pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus is affecting the lives of millions of patients and healthcare workers worldwide.
    keywords: anosmia; cov-2; infection; olfactory; patients; sars
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        item: #3525 of 5187
          id: cord-322087-gj5mfzxz
      author: de Sanctis, Vincenzo
       title: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in adolescents: An update on current clinical and diagnostic characteristics
        date: 2020-05-11
       words: 4598
      flesch: 42
     summary: Detailed epidemiological information based on a larger sample of COVID-19 patients is needed to determine the infectious period of SARS-CoV-2, as well as whether transmission can occur from asymptomatic individuals during the incubation period (pre-symptomatic period). In summary, compared with elderly patients, adolescent and young adult COVID-19 patients have a longer incubation period, a shorter serial interval, higher odds of being asymptomatic and a lower mortality rate.
    keywords: adolescents; cases; children; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; patients; sars; transmission
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        item: #3526 of 5187
          id: cord-322102-4fi0y96f
      author: Zimmermann, Matthias
       title: Approaches to the management of patients in oral and maxillofacial surgery during COVID-19 pandemic
        date: 2020-04-04
       words: 4695
      flesch: 44
     summary: When surgery is performed on COVID-19 patients, adequate personal protective equipment is crucial. In order to save resources and to avoid unnecessary exposure to infected patients, there is the need to schedule interventions depending on their priority.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; infection; patients; sars; surgery; transmission
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        item: #3527 of 5187
          id: cord-322129-uyswj4ow
      author: Melin, Amanda D.
       title: Comparative ACE2 variation and primate COVID-19 risk
        date: 2020-10-27
       words: 6328
      flesch: 40
     summary: Some of our results, such as the uniform conservation of ACE2 binding sites among catarrhines, backed up by the demonstrated high susceptibility of humans and other catarrhines to SARS-CoV-2, should give a good degree of confidence of high levels of risk. Great apes, COVID-19 and the SARS CoV-2 joint statement of the IUCN SSC Wildlife Health Specialist Group and the Primate Specialist Group Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus.
    keywords: ace2; amino; binding; cov-2; humans; infection; primate; protein; residues; sars; sequences; sites; species; susceptibility; variation
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        item: #3528 of 5187
          id: cord-322141-4a81mapc
      author: Rizzo, Emanuele
       title: A COVID-19 exemption code to ensure post-recovery care: From the territory a proposal for the Apulia Region government
        date: 2020-09-09
       words: 723
      flesch: 28
     summary: key: cord-322141-4a81mapc authors: Rizzo, Emanuele; Carlà, Simona; Ruggeri, Salvatore title: A COVID-19 exemption code to ensure post-recovery care: From the territory a proposal for the Apulia Region government date: 2020-09-09 journal: EClinicalMedicine DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100516 sha: doc_id: 322141 cord_uid: 4a81mapc nan The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has certainly generated several public health challenges, and more await us in the coming months, in addition to a possible second wave in the fall. h :14:00 CEST -, there are 4631 total cases of COVID-19 syndrome in Apulia, including 112 currently positive, 3967 healed subjects and 552 deaths [6] ), which makes the operation sustainable and not expensive for the regional finances.
    keywords: code; covid-19; health
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        item: #3529 of 5187
          id: cord-322148-sfr9twfa
      author: Verbeek, P. Richard
       title: Loss of Paramedic Availability in an Urban Emergency Medical Services System during a Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Outbreak
        date: 2008-06-28
       words: 2483
      flesch: 52
     summary: Paramedics were advised to wear gloves, mask, and gown for patients with 'an acute Home quarantine (HQ) was defined as keeping asymptomatic paramedics with a history of unprotected exposure to a SARS-affected hospital or to a patient with suspect/probable SARS under home observation for ten days from the last known exposure date. The WQ program allowed asymptomatic paramedics with a low-risk exposure (i.e., unprotected exposure to a SARS-affected hospital) to continue working, while paramedics with a high-risk exposure (i.e., unprotected exposure to a patient with suspect or probable SARS) were not permitted to work (i.e., they followed HQ).
    keywords: days; paramedics; quarantine; sars
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        item: #3530 of 5187
          id: cord-322184-kgv9f58a
      author: Sohn, Yujin
       title: Assessing Viral Shedding and Infectivity of Asymptomatic or Mildly Symptomatic Patients with COVID-19 in a Later Phase
        date: 2020-09-10
       words: 3482
      flesch: 51
     summary: Viral culture studies using patient specimens to confirm the presence of infectious SARS-CoV-2 are still limited. SARS-CoV-2 infection is confirmed by the detection of viral RNA using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
    keywords: cov-2; patients; pcr; sars; specimens
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        item: #3531 of 5187
          id: cord-322204-kc7dy2za
      author: Khalil, Asma
       title: SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody detection in healthcare workers in a UK maternity Hospital: Correlation with SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR results
        date: 2020-08-08
       words: 451
      flesch: 43
     summary: Nasopharyngeal swab polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) can diagnose only current or recent infection; testing for antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 could enhance the ability to expedite reinstatement of services, while ensuring patient and staff safety. Our finding that both of these groups developed SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies is reassuring.
    keywords: sars
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        item: #3532 of 5187
          id: cord-322212-8xrehbd1
      author: Wang, Hanyin
       title: Unexpected BP Sensitivity to Angiotensin II in a Patient With Coronavirus Disease 2019, ARDS, and Septic Shock
        date: 2020-04-23
       words: 1475
      flesch: 45
     summary: World Health Organization Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease in 2019 in China An update of the role of renin angiotensin in cardiovascular homeostasis Angiotensin II for the treatment of vasodilatory shock Sensitivity to angiotensin II dose in patients with vasodilatory shock: a prespecified analysis of the ATHOS-3 trial Pulmonary capillary endothelium-bound angiotensin-converting enzyme activity in acute lung injury Endogenous angiotensin II levels and the mechanism of action of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor type 1 antagonists Intravenous angiotensin II for the treatment of high-output shock (ATHOS trial): a pilot study The use of angiotensin II in distributive shock A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Angiotensin II up-regulates angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE), but down-regulates ACE2 via the AT1-ERK/p38 MAP kinase pathway Angiotensin II mediates angiotensin converting enzyme type 2 internalization and degradation through an angiotensin II type I receptor-dependent mechanism Angiotensin II for the treatment of COVID-19-related vasodilatory shock Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus A crucial role of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in SARS coronavirus-induced lung injury La Jolla Pharmaceutical company to provide GIAPREZAÔ (angiotensin II) in Italy for compassionate use in patients with septic shock associated with COVID-19 Financial/nonfinancial disclosures: Q10 None declared. In the patient, we did not observe worsening ARDS with Ang-2 treatment.
    keywords: ang-2; angiotensin; covid-19; sars; shock
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        item: #3533 of 5187
          id: cord-322311-cg5xwx5a
      author: Broder, Kari
       title: Test Agreement between Roche Cobas 6800 and Cepheid GeneXpert Xpress SARS-CoV-2 Assays at High Cycle Threshold Ranges
        date: 2020-07-23
       words: 774
      flesch: 48
     summary: This difference in LoD becomes significant at higher C T values, where the negative bias becomes more pronounced (4, 5) . At our institution, the GeneXpert is utilized as a rapid test (turnaround time, 45 min) to triage patients for admission among other criteria; therefore, it is imperative that our testing modality can capture patients who present at either end of their illness course and who may have lower viral counts/higher C T values.
    keywords: assay; sars
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        item: #3534 of 5187
          id: cord-322329-zqjiiy4l
      author: Liu, Chunyu
       title: Establishment of a reference panel for the detection of anti-SARS-CoV antibodies
        date: 2007-06-30
       words: 4229
      flesch: 51
     summary: To our surprise, SARS N protein exhibited low antigenic activity while the activities of N 1 and N 2 protein, as the fragments of the whole N protein, were better. After buffer exchange, the protein was added to a hydrophobic interaction chromatography column and the second elution peak (0.1 mol/L (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 ) was collected to obtain pure SARS N protein.
    keywords: antibodies; cov; proteins; samples; sars
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        item: #3535 of 5187
          id: cord-322345-rq5gh710
      author: Zheng, Fang
       title: A Novel Protein Drug, Novaferon, as the Potential Antiviral Drug for COVID-19
        date: 2020-04-29
       words: 3621
      flesch: 50
     summary: in COVID-19 patients with Novaferon treatment were unlikely related to the natural disease course. So far, only limited observations of Lopinavir/Ritonavir for coronavirus in SARS patients were reported [8] .
    keywords: cov-2; license; medrxiv; novaferon; preprint; sars
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        item: #3536 of 5187
          id: cord-322348-8opy5z9h
      author: Morelli, Mara
       title: Parents and Children During the COVID-19 Lockdown: The Influence of Parenting Distress and Parenting Self-Efficacy on Children’s Emotional Well-Being
        date: 2020-10-06
       words: 7104
      flesch: 39
     summary: A general approach to representing multifaceted personality constructs: application to state self-esteem Same-sex and different-sex parent families in italy: is parents' sexual orientation associated with child health outcomes and parental dimensions? Same-sex and different-sex parent families in Italy: parenting dimensions and child health outcomes Role of affective self-regulatory efficacy on diverse spheres of psychosocial functioning The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations Structural Equations With Latent Variables The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: Rapid review of the evidence Alternative ways of assessing model fit Structural Equation Modeling With EQS and EQS/Windows The longitudinal relations between self-esteem and affective self-regulatory efficacy Mastery of negative affect: a hierarchical model of emotional self-efficacy beliefs From external regulation to school achievement: the mediation of self-efficacy at school Parenting in a time of COVID-19 Using parcels to convert path analysis models into latent variable models Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences A global measure of perceived stress Parental Stress and Early Child Development. key: cord-322348-8opy5z9h authors: Morelli, Mara; Cattelino, Elena; Baiocco, Roberto; Trumello, Carmen; Babore, Alessandra; Candelori, Carla; Chirumbolo, Antonio title: Parents and Children During the COVID-19 Lockdown:
    keywords: children; distress; efficacy; model; parenting; parents; regulation; self
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        item: #3537 of 5187
          id: cord-322385-sc2vxxnn
      author: Ebinger, J.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence Across a Diverse Cohort of Healthcare Workers
        date: 2020-08-04
       words: 3674
      flesch: 24
     summary: In conclusion, in a highly diverse population of healthcare workers, demographic factors associated with Covid-19 antibody positivity indicate potential factors outside of the workplace associated with SARS-CoV-2 exposure, although these do not appear related to the number of people or to the presence of children in the home. In multivariable-adjusted analyses of pre-existing characteristics (Figure 2 and Supplemental In multivariable-adjusted analyses of Covid-19 related exposures (Figure 3 and Supplemental In multivariable-adjusted analyses of Covid-19 response variables (Figure 4 and Supplemental Table 6 ), the strongest self-reported symptom associated with greater odds of seropositive status was anosmia (11.53 [7.51, 17.
    keywords: antibody; cov-2; covid-19; exposure; factors; sars; seroprevalence; study
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        item: #3538 of 5187
          id: cord-322388-c2nymio9
      author: Manopo, Ivanus
       title: Evaluation of a safe and sensitive Spike protein-based immunofluorescence assay for the detection of antibody responses to SARS-CoV
        date: 2005-01-31
       words: 3554
      flesch: 46
     summary: SARS Spike protein has a low level of similarity [20% to 27% pairwise amino acid (a.a.) identity] when compared to Spike proteins of other CoV (Lu et al., 2004) .
    keywords: cells; cov; ifa; protein; samples; sars; sera; spike; virus
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        item: #3539 of 5187
          id: cord-322417-9e95m4kz
      author: Segovia-Juarez, Jose
       title: High altitude reduces infection rate of COVID-19 but not case-fatality rate
        date: 2020-07-15
       words: 1257
      flesch: 50
     summary: key: cord-322417-9e95m4kz authors: Segovia-Juarez, Jose; Castagnetto, Jesús M.; Gonzales, Gustavo F. title: High altitude reduces infection rate of COVID-19 but not case-fatality rate date: 2020-07-15 journal: It is suggested that life at high altitude may reduce COVID infections and case-fatality rates (cases/deaths).
    keywords: altitude; case; covid-19; fatality
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        item: #3540 of 5187
          id: cord-322446-ddv86eoy
      author: Sharma, Kulbhushan
       title: SARS-CoV 9b Protein Diffuses into Nucleus, Undergoes Active Crm1 Mediated Nucleocytoplasmic Export and Triggers Apoptosis When Retained in the Nucleus
        date: 2011-05-27
       words: 8463
      flesch: 53
     summary: Typical infected cells showed numerous nuclear foci of 9b protein by 36 h post-infection, as well as extensive, larger areas of cytoplasmic inclusions ( Fig. 1a and 1b) . Lower panels: An in-vitro transport assay for 9b protein performed in the presence of WGA.
    keywords: cells; cov; export; fig; hrs; localization; nes; nuclear; nucleus; panel; protein; sars; transport
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        item: #3541 of 5187
          id: cord-322451-cwpz4akv
      author: Hsin, Dena Hsin-Chen
       title: Heroes of SARS: professional roles and ethics of health care workers
        date: 2004-07-27
       words: 3599
      flesch: 63
     summary: On the other hand, some suggested to punish those who were afraid of treating SARS patients. Most nurses and doctors actually died from taking care of SARS patients involuntarily.
    keywords: disease; health; hospital; patients; people; sars; taiwan
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        item: #3542 of 5187
          id: cord-322456-5at1euqm
      author: Rokohl, Alexander C.
       title: Die Rolle der Augenheilkunde in der COVID-19-Pandemie
        date: 2020-06-09
       words: 1849
      flesch: 40
     summary: Zudem soll die Rolle der Ophthalmologie bei der Therapie von COVID-19 erörtert werden. key: cord-322456-5at1euqm authors: Rokohl, Alexander C.; Loreck, Niklas; Wawer Matos, Philomena A.; Mor, Joel M.; Zwingelberg, Sarah; Grajewski, Rafael S.; Cursiefen, Claus; Heindl, Ludwig M. title: Die Rolle der Augenheilkunde in der COVID-19-Pandemie date: 2020-06-09 journal: Ophthalmologe DOI: 10.1007/s00347-020-01148-9 sha: doc_id:
    keywords: auch; bei; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; der; die; disease; eine; mit; patienten; sars; und; von
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        item: #3543 of 5187
          id: cord-322473-fmob6k0q
      author: Charpiat, Bruno
       title: Proton Pump Inhibitors are Risk Factors for Viral Infections: Even for COVID-19?
        date: 2020-08-10
       words: 1575
      flesch: 31
     summary: In light of the evidence for gastrointestinal infection implying a fecal–oral transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and given the magnitude of the SARS-CoV-2/coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, associated with the widespread misuse of proton pump inhibitors, this suggests that we should not rule out the hypothesis that patients treated with proton pump inhibitors may be more at risk of being infected by SARS-CoV-2. Considerations for pharmacoepidemiological analyses in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic Time to halt the overprescribing of proton pump inhibitors The phylogeny and biological function of gastric juice-microbiological consequences of removing gastric acid Rapid inactivation of rotaviruses by exposure to acid buffer and acidic gastic juice Detection of type B influenza virus genes from biopsied gastric mucosa Acid-suppressive therapy and risk of infections: pros and cons Proton pump inhibitors as a risk factor for norovirus infection Association between acute gastroenteritis and continuous use of proton pump inhibitors during winter periods of highest circulation of enteric viruses Human intestinal tract serves as an alternative infection route for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Evidence for gastrointestinal infection of SARS-CoV-2 Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients with gastrointestinal symptoms: a report of 164 cases.
    keywords: inhibitors; proton; pump; risk
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        item: #3544 of 5187
          id: cord-322503-fynprt6f
      author: Thakur, Aarzoo
       title: Physiologically‐Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling to Predict the Clinical Efficacy of the Coadministration of Lopinavir and Ritonavir against SARS‐CoV‐2
        date: 2020-08-07
       words: 3536
      flesch: 38
     summary: The concentration-time profiles along with EC 50,unbound values are shown in Figure 1D and E. The f u,media for lopinavir in 2% FCS was determined to be 0.355, which yielded an EC 50,unbound value of 0.386 µg/mL and EC 90,unbound value of 0.806 µg/mL against SARS-CoV-2 from Ohashi et al., 17 while the corresponding f u,media in 5% FCS was reported by Hickman et al. as 0.200, which yielded an EC 50,unbound value of 0.721 µg/mL from Yamamoto et al. 16 Using the same dosing regimen, a comparison of the C u,lung with both EC 50,unbound and EC 90,unbound values of lopinavir against SARS-CoV-2 showed that insufficient unbound lopinavir concentrations were achieved in lung tissue for both Caucasian (unbound lung C max = 0.130 µg/mL) and Chinese populations (unbound lung C max = 0.200 µg/mL) (Figure 2A and B). We developed a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model to predict unbound lung tissue concentrations of lopinavir when co-administered with ritonavir.
    keywords: concentrations; copyright; lopinavir; lung; ritonavir; sars; unbound
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        item: #3545 of 5187
          id: cord-322562-3gvsn9vf
      author: Hatada, Ryo
       title: Fragment Molecular Orbital Based Interaction Analyses on COVID-19 Main Protease − Inhibitor N3 Complex (PDB ID: 6LU7)
        date: 2020-06-15
       words: 4815
      flesch: 49
     summary: Here, we report a fragment molecular orbital (FMO) based interaction analysis on a complex between the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) and its peptide-like inhibitor N3 (PDB ID: 6LU7). The first term in this equation is the fictitiously isolated monomer energy, whereas the second term corresponds to pair interaction energy (PIE) 11 or interfragment interaction energy (IFIE), 12, 25 which is quite useful for interaction analyses 10, 12 (see refs 13−19 if necessary).
    keywords: bond; figure; fmo; fragment; hydrogen; ifie; interaction; kcal; ligand; mol
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        item: #3546 of 5187
          id: cord-322585-5gio6ruj
      author: Lanari, Marcello
       title: Children and SARS-CoV-2 infection: innocent bystanders…until proven otherwise
        date: 2020-06-25
       words: 441
      flesch: 31
     summary: Paediatric inflammatory multisystem 163 syndrome and SARS-CoV-2 infection in children -15 Angiotensin-converting enzyme in developing lung and 165 kidney A crucial role of angiotensin converting 167 enzyme 2 (ACE2) in SARS coronavirus-induced lung injury Evolution of the immune system in humans from 169 infancy to old age Prevalence of human coronaviruses in 171 adults with acute respiratory tract infections in Beijing Review article: gastrointestinal features in COVID 19 and the 173 possibility of faecal transmission Children are unlikely to be the main drivers of the COVID-19 pandemic -a 175 systematic review School closure and 177 management practices during coronavirus outbreaks including COVID-19: a rapid systematic 178 review A Case Series of children with 2019 novel 180 coronavirus infection: clinical and epidemiological features further studies are needed [10] . The possible and different explanations for understanding why the infection seems to be more benign and less frequent in children are discussed.
    keywords: children; coronavirus
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        item: #3547 of 5187
          id: cord-322596-vfmzk2el
      author: Ming, Yi
       title: Involvement of Spike Protein, Furin, and ACE2 in SARS-CoV-2-Related Cardiovascular Complications
        date: 2020-07-11
       words: 3612
      flesch: 36
     summary: The biological process of Furin processing and activation of coronavirus S protein to expose the reactive domain also explains partially the phenomenon of COVID-19 with severe cardiovascular damage. Moreover, based on the role of furin protein in cardiovascular disease, its inhibitors might also improve cardiovascular prognosis and reduce critical deaths.
    keywords: ace2; cell; cov-2; covid-19; furin; patients; protein; sars
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        item: #3548 of 5187
          id: cord-322603-8ajckhzc
      author: Wongsawat, Jurai
       title: Risk of novel coronavirus 2019 transmission from children to caregivers: A case series
        date: 2020-06-22
       words: 927
      flesch: 54
     summary: WHO advises all confirmed COVID-19 cases, even mild cases, to be isolated in health facilities, 7 and according to Thailand's containment policy, each child was therefore hospitalised individually in a negative pressure room; case Child +, SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected; −, SARS-CoV-2 RNA was not detected; ND, not done. A recent systematic review showed that children have accounted for 1-5% of diagnosed COVID-19 cases.
    keywords: case; children; covid-19
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        item: #3549 of 5187
          id: cord-322641-mz0b91xr
      author: Farnsworth, Christopher W
       title: SARS-CoV-2 Serology: Much Hype, Little Data
        date: 2020-04-28
       words: 1568
      flesch: 40
     summary: In response to a lack of COVID-19 testing the FDA issued guidance regarding serologic assays, stating that although manufacturers could use the Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) pathway for approval, serologic assays could also be marketed in the US bypassing this approval process (2) . Serologic assays are unlikely to be useful for this application.
    keywords: assays; cov-2; serologic; specificity
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        item: #3550 of 5187
          id: cord-322650-q8inhgtr
      author: Fung, Yin-Wan Wendy
       title: Use of Clinical Criteria and Molecular Diagnosis to More Effectively Monitor Patients Recovering after Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection
        date: 2004-08-15
       words: 1134
      flesch: 41
     summary: The possible relapse of infection in patient 1 after his transfer to another hospital indeed raises the question of how patients with SARS who have PCR results negative for SARS CoV should be handled [5] . Because SARS is a newly emerging disease that causes serious consequences, many countries have formulated contingency plans for possible future SARS outbreaks.
    keywords: concentrations; patients; sars; voriconazole
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        item: #3551 of 5187
          id: cord-322660-bis2arbu
      author: Alexander, Regi
       title: Guidance for the Treatment and Management of COVID‐19 Among People with Intellectual Disabilities
        date: 2020-06-10
       words: 10811
      flesch: 39
     summary: Changes to medication may be required to assist in the management of mental health symptoms, and some individuals may require depot medication which is administered by general practitioners, community nurses within community learning disabilities or mental health teams. The role of community learning disabilities teams is to provide input into healthcare about specific vulnerabilities, highlighting disparity, and helping to reduce the risk of infection.
    keywords: care; carers; community; covid-19; disabilities; england; health; hospital; ids; learning; people; risk; support; teams; treatment
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        item: #3552 of 5187
          id: cord-322672-gjph61cq
      author: Ashok, Vishnu
       title: Case report: high-grade atrioventricular block in suspected COVID-19 myocarditis
        date: 2020-08-25
       words: 1819
      flesch: 45
     summary: key: cord-322672-gjph61cq authors: Ashok, Vishnu; Loke, Wei Ian title: Case report: high-grade atrioventricular block in suspected COVID-19 myocarditis date: 2020-08-25 journal: Eur Heart J Case Rep DOI: 10.1093/ehjcr/ytaa248 sha: doc_id: 322672 cord_uid: gjph61cq BACKGROUND: In the ongoing pandemic of COVID-19, respiratory failure has been reported as the main cause of death in those who develop critical illness. CASE SUMMARY: A 53-year-old man, suspected to have COVID-19 due to a new-onset cough, shortness of breath, and hypoxia, was referred to Cardiology with sudden symptomatic bradycardia.
    keywords: block; cardiac; covid-19; myocarditis; patients
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        item: #3553 of 5187
          id: cord-322724-7l1668bf
      author: Challener, Douglas
       title: In Reply - Repeated testing in SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-08-10
       words: 472
      flesch: 39
     summary: In general, we agree that repeat testing may be helpful in certain situations of ongoing high suspicion for active infection where alternative approaches are not feasible; however, we believe that testing should not be applied indiscriminately in a resource-constrained situation. key: cord-322724-7l1668bf authors: Challener, Douglas; Shah, Aditya; O'Horo, John C.; Berbari, Elie F.; Binnicker, Matthew J.; Tande, Aaron title: In Reply - Repeated testing in SARS-CoV-2 infection date: 2020-08-10 journal: Mayo Clin Proc DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2020.08.006 sha: doc_id: 322724 cord_uid: 7l1668bf nan To The Editor: We appreciate the points raised by Lippi et al regarding our article describing repeat testing for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
    keywords: cov-2; testing
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        item: #3554 of 5187
          id: cord-322789-9elfpx0e
      author: Abbaspour Kasgari, Hamideh
       title: Evaluation of the efficacy of sofosbuvir plus daclatasvir in combination with ribavirin for hospitalized COVID-19 patients with moderate disease compared with standard care: a single-centre, randomized controlled trial
        date: 2020-08-19
       words: 2713
      flesch: 43
     summary: To our knowledge, this is the first clinical trial of sofosbuvir/ daclatasvir/ribavirin in COVID-19 patients; however, there are limitations to our study. Time to recovery was compared by graphically plotting the cause-specific cumulative incidence functions (CIFs) by treatment group; difference between groups was evaluated by Gray's test for the equality of CIFs.
    keywords: covid-19; daclatasvir; group; patients; ribavirin; sofosbuvir; study
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        item: #3555 of 5187
          id: cord-322807-b24ujorz
      author: Koyama, Takahiko
       title: Emergence of Drift Variants That May Affect COVID-19 Vaccine Development and Antibody Treatment
        date: 2020-04-26
       words: 1872
      flesch: 45
     summary: Among the twelve variants in the B-cell epitopes, 23403A>G variant (p.D614G) in one of the epitopes in spike protein between residue 601 and 640 stands out, with 175 samples in 615 total samples. Consideration of drift variants in SARS-CoV-2 will offer cross-protection across different sub-strains and obviate the need for reformulation of the vaccine for each distinct sub-strain.
    keywords: cell; cov-2; sars; variant
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        item: #3556 of 5187
          id: cord-322811-6lebh7ca
      author: Baig, Mirza S.
       title: Identification of a Potential Peptide Inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 Targeting its Entry into the Host Cells
        date: 2020-06-26
       words: 4134
      flesch: 46
     summary: However, in comparison with our structurally stable 18aa peptide inhibitor comprising the ACE2 PD residues ranging from positions 28-45, their inhibitor 1 peptide comprising residues 21-55 is structurally unstable and non-specific; hence, they made multiple modifications to it, which thereby changes its properties as well as its similarity to our peptide. Out of a total of 15 interacting residues of ACE2 PD, 10 residues are in the stretch of Q24 to L45.
    keywords: ace2; amino; binding; coronavirus; cov-2; peptide; protein; residues; sars; spike
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        item: #3557 of 5187
          id: cord-322812-9u3ptqjs
      author: Wells, Philippa M.
       title: Estimates of the rate of infection and asymptomatic COVID-19 disease in a population sample from SE England
        date: 2020-10-15
       words: 3734
      flesch: 45
     summary: Symptom profiling included core COVID-19 symptoms and general symptoms, in addition to algorithm prediction of prior COVID-19. Of 48 seropositive individuals with full symptom data, nine (19%) were fully asymptomatic, and 16 (27%) were asymptomatic for core COVID-19 symptoms: fever, cough or anosmia.
    keywords: anosmia; antibody; app; asymptomatic; covid-19; infection; participants; sars; study; symptoms
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        item: #3558 of 5187
          id: cord-322834-rl6yum7n
      author: Wallinga, Jacco
       title: Different Epidemic Curves for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Reveal Similar Impacts of Control Measures
        date: 2004-09-15
       words: 4143
      flesch: 38
     summary: All observed sizes and durations of SARS epidemics are within this very wide range of possible outcomes resulting from chance alone. For the affected regions, these epidemic curves have been publicly available from the end of March 2003 onwards (9) , and they reveal distinct temporal patterns in numbers of SARS cases.
    keywords: case; control; epidemic; number; reproduction; sars
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        item: #3559 of 5187
          id: cord-322837-tqgwgvo0
      author: Gable, Lance
       title: Legal and Ethical Implications of Wastewater SARS-CoV-2 Monitoring for COVID-19 Surveillance
        date: 2020-06-24
       words: 1912
      flesch: 38
     summary: Courts have long recognized that public health powers include the authority to conduct testing and screening programs. They aver that sewage-based data will inform decisions surrounding the advancement or scale-back of social distancing and quarantine efforts, 27 and that community monitoring at the municipal or community level … may allow for more granular detection of SARS-CoV-2 … to help preemptively enact public health measures prior to the widespread onset of disease.
    keywords: cov-2; health; sars; screening; wastewater
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        item: #3560 of 5187
          id: cord-322877-jy1uvwre
      author: Yuen, Kenneth S.C.
       title: Ocular screening in severe acute respiratory syndrome
        date: 2004-03-30
       words: 1263
      flesch: 52
     summary: WHO-recommended SARS cases definition Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): summary table of SARS cases by country on Newly discovered coronavirus as the primary cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome The role of apoptosis within the retina of coronavirus-infected mice Blood-retinal barrier breakdown in experimental coronavirus retinopathy: association with viral antigen, inflammation, and VEGF in sensitive and resistant strains Ocular complications of paediatric patients with nephrotic syndrome Routine ocular screening of patients with SARS for diagnosis or for complications might not be indicated.
    keywords: iop; patients; sars
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        item: #3561 of 5187
          id: cord-322885-ob5euspo
      author: Durdagi, Serdar
       title: Near-Physiological-Temperature Serial Femtosecond X-ray Crystallography Reveals Novel Conformations of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Active Site for Improved Drug Repurposing
        date: 2020-09-09
       words: 10828
      flesch: 43
     summary: These two highresolution SFX structures in different space groups reveal new active site residue conformations and intra-and inter-domain network and their dynamics at the atomic level, which helps us to better understand any related structural allosteric transitions of Mpro structure interacting with the inhibitors (Fig. 5 & figs. Additionally, Mpro structure bound to a non-covalent inhibitor (PDB ID: 6W63) in both monomeric and dimeric forms was utilized as target structure.
    keywords: 7cwc; binding; chain; coronavirus; cov-2; crystal; domain; drug; et al; fig; inhibitors; mpro; protease; protein; repurposing; residues; sars; sfx; simulations; site; space; structures; studies; temperature
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        item: #3562 of 5187
          id: cord-322908-e3gok0ot
      author: Huang, Fangfang
       title: A review of therapeutic agents and Chinese herbal medicines against SARS-COV-2 (COVID-19)
        date: 2020-05-20
       words: 5067
      flesch: 28
     summary: Analysis on the application of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the treatment of COVID-19 by suppressing cytokine storm One-Compound-Multi-Target: Combination Prospect of Natural Compounds with Thrombolytic Therapy in Acute Ischemic Stroke Baicalin ameliorates oxidative apoptosis by restoring mitochondrial dynamics in the spleen of chickens via the opposite modulation of NF-kappaB and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway during Mycoplasma gallisepticum infection In vitro susceptibility of 10 clinical isolates of SARS coronavirus to selected antiviral compounds Inhibitory activities of baicalin against renin and angiotensin-converting enzyme Availability, Pharmaceutics, Security, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacological Activities of Patchouli Alcohol, Evid Based Complement Alternat Med Antiviral potential of ERK/MAPK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling modulation for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection as identified by temporal kinome analysis Inhibition effects of patchouli alcohol against influenza a virus through targeting cellular PI3K/Akt and ERK/MAPK signaling pathways Oral administration of patchouli alcohol isolated from Pogostemonis Herba augments protection against influenza viral infection in mice Novel extraction techniques and pharmaceutical activities of luteolin and its derivatives Therefore, it can be reasonably speculated that baicalin is one of the potential drugs for COVID-19 treatment.
    keywords: activity; anti; clinical; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; effect; novel; patients; pneumonia; potential; sars; treatment; trial
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        item: #3563 of 5187
          id: cord-322913-sq9mq6f1
      author: Ciabattini, Annalisa
       title: Shelter from the cytokine storm: pitfalls and prospects in the development of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines for an elderly population
        date: 2020-11-06
       words: 8078
      flesch: 24
     summary: The immunogenicity of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine versus 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine in adults aged 50-80 years Study of the effectiveness of influenza vaccination in the elderly in the epidemic of 1989-90 using a general practice database Effectiveness of influenza vaccine in the community-dwelling elderly Effect of influenza vaccine status on winter mortality in Spanish community-dwelling elderly people during 2002-2005 influenza periods Efficacy and costeffectiveness of influenza vaccination of the elderly in a densely populated and unvaccinated community Systems analysis of sex differences reveals an immunosuppressive role for testosterone in the response to influenza vaccination A single dose of unadjuvanted novel 2009 H1N1 vaccine is immunogenic and well tolerated in young and elderly adults Immune response following H1N1pdm09 vaccination: differences in antibody repertoire and avidity in young adults and elderly populations stratified by age and gender Role of the microbiota in the modulation of vaccine immune responses The influence of the intestinal microbiome on vaccine responses Antibiotics-driven gut microbiome perturbation alters immunity to vaccines in humans Recent advances in systems biology integrating clinical, immunologic, and omics data can help to identify stable and robust markers of vaccine response and move towards a better understanding of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine responses in the elderly.
    keywords: age; aging; cells; cov-2; covid-19; development; disease; gut; infection; influenza; microbiota; patients; population; responses; sars; vaccination; vaccine
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        item: #3564 of 5187
          id: cord-322942-y4zd2oui
      author: Olagnier, David
       title: Identification of SARS-CoV2-mediated suppression of NRF2 signaling reveals a potent antiviral and anti-inflammatory activity of 4-octyl-itaconate and dimethyl fumarate
        date: 2020-07-17
       words: 3840
      flesch: 36
     summary: These 186 data demonstrate that NRF2 inducers 4-OI and DMF induce potent anti-viral responses that 187 efficiently inhibit SARS-CoV2 replication across multiple cellular systems. Here, IFNB1, CXCL10 and CCL5 322 mRNA levels were highly reduced in DMF treated cells while TNFA mRNA levels seemed 323 unaffected (Fig. 4g+h) .
    keywords: cells; cov2; effect; fig; nrf2; replication; sars; virus
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        item: #3565 of 5187
          id: cord-322955-7dw32xby
      author: Kathwate, Gunderao H
       title: In Silico design and characterization of multi-epitopes vaccine for SARS-CoV2 from its spike proteins
        date: 2020-06-12
       words: 5732
      flesch: 41
     summary: nature I-TASSER: a unified platform for automated protein structure and function prediction In silico analysis of epitope-based vaccine candidates against hepatitis B virus polymerase protein Improving the physical realism and structural accuracy of protein models by a two-step atomic-level energy minimization GalaxyWEB server for protein structure prediction and refinement. In conclusion, predicted vaccine is a good antigen, probable no allergen and has potential to induce cellular and humoral immunity.
    keywords: cell; cov2; covid-19; development; epitopes; prediction; protein; response; sars; score; sequence; server; structure; tools; vaccine; web
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        item: #3566 of 5187
          id: cord-322957-clf8f90t
      author: Crespo, Javier
       title: Resumption of activity in gastroenterology departments. Recommendations by SEPD, AEEH, GETECCU and AEG
        date: 2020-04-28
       words: 5301
      flesch: 46
     summary: General recommendations regarding the treatment of patients with IBD, which must remain in force during the gradual resumption of activities: a. Patients must not discontinue medication or visits to the infusion center, or start self-medication, without consulting with their doctor first. A possible reason explaining this lower number of cases of COVID-19 in IBD patients may be this population's adherence to protective measures.
    keywords: activity; care; cov-2; covid-19; disease; ibd; infection; pandemic; patients; phase; recommendations; risk; sars
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        item: #3567 of 5187
          id: cord-322980-rembksdr
      author: Talwar, Shivangi
       title: Ayurveda and Allopathic Therapeutic Strategies in Coronavirus Pandemic Treatment 2020
        date: 2020-10-22
       words: 4546
      flesch: 42
     summary: Therefore, Arsenicum album may be considered as a suitable remedy for COVID-19 treatment. This short review summarizes the role of allopathic and Ayurveda in coronavirus infections.
    keywords: ayurveda; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; homeopathy; infection; novel; pandemic; patients; review; sars; syndrome; treatment
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        item: #3568 of 5187
          id: cord-323024-blc3mnbj
      author: Bernard-Valnet, R.
       title: CSF of SARS-CoV-2 patients with neurological syndromes reveals hints to understand pathophysiology
        date: 2020-11-04
       words: 3506
      flesch: 42
     summary: The presence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was explained by a rupture of the blood brain barrier (passive transfer) in 6/16 (37,5%), but an intrathecal synthesis of SARS-CoV2-specific antibodies was present in 2/17.As compared to SARS-CoV-2-negative NIND patients, the CSF of IND patients exhibited the highest level of chemokines (CCL4, CCL5, CXCL8, CXCL10, CXCL12, and CXCL13), followed the CSF of MS patients (CXCL12, and CXCL13). There was no difference between COVID-19 patients with neurological diseases compared to NIND even if some chemokines (CCL4, CCL5, CXCL8, andCXCL10) tended to be higher than NIND.
    keywords: antibodies; brain; cov-2; covid-19; csf; patients; preprint; sars
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        item: #3569 of 5187
          id: cord-323038-hmi061vn
      author: Lai, Christopher K C
       title: Epidemiological characteristics of the first 100 cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China, a city with a stringent containment policy
        date: 2020-06-30
       words: 4269
      flesch: 48
     summary: 6 HK faces a high risk of imported COVID-19 cases due to its geographic proximity to and high cross-border flows with Mainland China. The aims of this study were to describe the epidemiological characteristics of the first 100 confirmed COVID-19 cases in HK and to assess the effectiveness of the implemented policies.
    keywords: cases; china; containment; coronavirus; covid-19; days; infection; patients; sars
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        item: #3570 of 5187
          id: cord-323061-0i5w7vm9
      author: Kharel Sitaula, Ranju
       title: Unfolding COVID-19: Lessons-in-Learning in Ophthalmology
        date: 2020-09-28
       words: 4852
      flesch: 45
     summary: Front Public Health Scoping studies: towards a methodological framework The COVID-19 pandemic from an ophthalmologist's perspective Ocular manifestations of a hospitalised patient with confirmed 2019 novel coronavirus disease Rhesus macaques can be effectively infected with SARS-CoV-2 via ocular conjunctival route Emerging coronaviruses: genome structure, replication, and pathogenesis An analysis based on decade-long structural studies of SARS 3, JVI Accepted Manuscript Posted Online 29 Evidence that TMPRSS2 activates the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein for membrane fusion and reduces viral control by the humoral immune response TMPRSS2 and ADAM17 cleave ACE2 differentially and only proteolysis by TMPRSS2 augments entry driven by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein A crucial role of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in SARS coronavirus-induced lung injury Many faces of renin-angiotensin system-focus on eye The ocular renin-angiotensin system: a therapeutic target for the treatment of ocular disease ACE2 receptor expression and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection depend on differentiation of human airway epithelia medicine (CEBM) Cfe-b. Spreading SARS-CoV-2 through ocular fluids Assessing viral shedding and infectivity of tears in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients Can the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affect the eyes? RT-PCR analysis of the ocular secretions has shown the presence of the SARS-CoV-2 nucleotides indicating the possibility of infection of ocular secretions.
    keywords: ace2; conjunctival; conjunctivitis; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; eye; infection; sars; virus
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        item: #3571 of 5187
          id: cord-323072-4rsgeag7
      author: Han, Xueqing
       title: The expression of SARS–CoV M gene in P. Pastoris and the diagnostic utility of the expression product
        date: 2004-12-01
       words: 3744
      flesch: 46
     summary: Here, we report the expression of recombinant M protein in P. Pastoris and its antigenicity. Methanol was added every 24 h to a final concentration of 0.5% to induce the expression of recombinant M protein, and the incubation was continued for further 3-4 days.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov; expression; gene; protein; recombinant; sars
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        item: #3572 of 5187
          id: cord-323092-j2u0ny2u
      author: Crosby, James C.
       title: COVID‐19: A review of therapeutics under investigation
        date: 2020-04-19
       words: 3905
      flesch: 44
     summary: There is another single ongoing observational trial examining the efficacy of anti-SARS-CoV-2 inactivated convalescent plasma in COVID-19 patients, the results of which remain to be seen. Some anecdotal evidence is emerging regarding its use in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: chloroquine; convalescent; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; patients; plasma; sars; treatment; use
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        item: #3573 of 5187
          id: cord-323093-u3ozc9ry
      author: Rathnayake, Athri D.
       title: 3C-like protease inhibitors block coronavirus replication in vitro and improve survival in MERS-CoV–infected mice
        date: 2020-08-19
       words: 7178
      flesch: 48
     summary: In the presence of compound concentrations that were about two-to threefold higher than the EC 50 values obtained in Vero E6 cells (2 M, 6j or 0.5 M, 6e), viral titers were reduced to 10 6.4 (donor 1), 10 6.1 (donor 2), and 10 6.3 (donor 3) PFU/ml for compound 6j or 10 6.1 (donor 1), 10 6.5 (donor 2), and 10 8.1 (donor 3) PFU/ml for compound 6e (Table 3) . Compounds 6j and 6h share a near-identical structure except for the extra methylene group present in compound 6j.
    keywords: 3clpro; cells; compound; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; dpi; fig; inhibitors; mers; mice; protease; sars; table
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        item: #3574 of 5187
          id: cord-323094-zugrtvyo
      author: Rose, R.
       title: Intra-host site-specific polymorphisms of SARS-CoV-2 is consistent across multiple samples and methodologies
        date: 2020-04-29
       words: 1775
      flesch: 53
     summary: Here, we quantify and characterize intra-host variation in SARS-CoV-2 raw sequence data uploaded to SRA as of 14 April 2020, and compare results between two sequencing methods (amplicon and RNA-Seq). In conclusion, our results suggest that intra-host variation is prevalent among clinical samples.
    keywords: april; medrxiv; preprint; samples
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        item: #3575 of 5187
          id: cord-323095-q8tj826i
      author: Sokolowska, Milena
       title: Outsmarting SARS-CoV-2 by empowering a decoy ACE2
        date: 2020-11-03
       words: 1484
      flesch: 43
     summary: The idea of using soluble ACE2 to prevent acute lung injury (ALI) originated from the first SARS-CoV epidemics. Signal Transduct Target Ther DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-00370-w sha: doc_id: 323095 cord_uid: q8tj826i nan Along with the current efforts to develop high-affinity neutralizing antibodies, Chan and colleagues engineered the soluble variant of human ACE2 with enhanced binding to the spike protein, outranking the soluble wild-type protein in blocking SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro.
    keywords: ace2; binding; rbd; sars
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        item: #3576 of 5187
          id: cord-323105-gqqzekfk
      author: Lin, Chen-Si
       title: Enhancement of anti-murine colon cancer immunity by fusion of a SARS fragment to a low-immunogenic carcinoembryonic antigen
        date: 2012-02-03
       words: 3217
      flesch: 38
     summary: Therefore, employment of these highly-immunogenic peptides may boost the positive properties of CEA tumor vaccines. Biol Proced Online DOI: 10.1186/1480-9222-14-2 sha: doc_id: 323105 cord_uid: gqqzekfk BACKGROUND: It is widely understood that tumor cells express tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), of which many are usually in low immunogenicity; for example, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is specifically expressed on human colon cancer cells and is viewed as a low-immunogenic TAA.
    keywords: cea; cells; cov; group; immune; immunogenic; mice; pcea; sars; tumor
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        item: #3577 of 5187
          id: cord-323131-l726qv1g
      author: Atogebania, Julius Wedam
       title: An Invited Commentary on ‘ Evidence Based Management Guideline for the COVID-19 Pandemic- Review article’
        date: 2020-04-23
       words: 947
      flesch: 36
     summary: The current reported mortality for COVID-19 is approximately 3.41 % compared to 10 % for SARS and 35% for MERS. It is the virus responsible for causing coronavirus disease 2019 ( COVID-19) , a type of lower respiratory tract infection with the potential to cause severe and possibly fatal atypical novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)-infected pneumonia (NCIP) in humans.
    keywords: covid-19; pandemic; sars
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        item: #3578 of 5187
          id: cord-323148-rsjocuh3
      author: Assaad, Souad
       title: Risk of death of cancer patients presenting with severe symptoms of infection, with or without documented COVID-19
        date: 2020-09-06
       words: 1037
      flesch: 44
     summary: Of note the immune response of cancer patients to COVID, as evaluated by seroconversion assays, may be less efficient in treated cancer patients as compared to previously healthy individuals (6) , in line with the observation that lymphopenia is a negative prognostic factor. High Mortality Rate in Cancer Patients With Symptoms of COVID-19 With or Without Detectable SARS-COV-2 on RT-PCR The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer deaths due to delays in diagnosis in England, UK: a national, population-based, modelling study Collateral damage: the impact on outcomes from cancer surgery of the COVID-19 pandemic Cancer patients in SARS-CoV-2 infection: a nationwide analysis in China SARS-Cov-2 infection in cancer patients undergoing active treatment: analysis of clinical features and death Lower detection rates of SARS-COV2 antibodies in cancer patients vs healthcare workers after symptomatic COVID-19 Epidemiology and outcomes of serious influenza-related infections in the cancer population Influenza in patients with cancer after 2009 pandemic AH1N1: An 8-year followup study in Mexico.
    keywords: cancer; covid-19; patients
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        item: #3579 of 5187
          id: cord-323185-n0rubc72
      author: Varshney, Bhavna
       title: SARS Coronavirus 3b Accessory Protein Modulates Transcriptional Activity of RUNX1b
        date: 2012-01-12
       words: 5707
      flesch: 45
     summary: Results depicted a 1.5 fold increase in phosphorylated RUNX1b levels in 3b transfected cells compared to control transfected cells (Fig. 5A ). ChIP results from 3b transfected cells using anti-HA depicted co-immunoprecipitation of the IL2 promoter region containing RUNX1 binding site but not from mock transfected cells (Fig. 3) .
    keywords: activity; acute; binding; cells; coronavirus; cov; human; il2; promoter; protein; runx1b; sars; transcription
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        item: #3580 of 5187
          id: cord-323216-rgj8vs9z
      author: Plotkin, Stanley A
       title: Vaccination Against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2
        date: 2020-08-03
       words: 972
      flesch: 46
     summary: As discussed below, there are many potential impediments to development of a vaccine against SARS-CoV-2, but prior experience with SARS-1 and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronaviruses suggest that vaccine development is feasible, despite many potential pitfalls Unfortunately, vaccine development is a long and difficult process, and unexpected findings are to be expected.
    keywords: protein; vaccine; virus
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        item: #3581 of 5187
          id: cord-323241-1twnqr4k
      author: Patrì, Angela
       title: Sexual transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): A new possible route of infection?
        date: 2020-04-09
       words: 636
      flesch: 41
     summary: key: cord-323241-1twnqr4k authors: Patrì, Angela; Gallo, Lucia; Guarino, Maria; Fabbrocini, Gabriella title: Sexual transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): A new possible route of infection? date: 2020-04-09 journal: J Am Acad Dermatol DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.03.098 sha: doc_id: 323241 cord_uid: 1twnqr4k nan To the Editor: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the virus responsible for the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), first identified in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, and that has now actually spread worldwide. The human-tohuman transmission routes hitherto recognized include direct transmission, through cough, sneeze, droplet inhalation, and contact transmission, comprising contact with oral, nasal, and eye mucous membranes.
    keywords: sars; transmission
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        item: #3582 of 5187
          id: cord-323324-h2a25xym
      author: Armijos‐Jaramillo, Vinicio
       title: SARS‐CoV‐2, an evolutionary perspective of interaction with human ACE2 reveals undiscovered amino acids necessary for complex stability
        date: 2020-05-07
       words: 3353
      flesch: 45
     summary: Homology models were constructed using this structure as template for the RBDs of SARS-CoV-2 (SARS2, GeneBank ID MN908947), the Bat SARS-like coronavirus isolate Rm1 (Rm1, GeneBank ID DQ412043), and the Bat SARS-like coronavirus isolate Rs4231 (Rs4231, GeneBank ID KY417146). The predicted RBD-hACE2 complexes for SARS2, SARS, and SARS2-MUT are depicted in Figure 3 .
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; hace2; protein; rbd; receptor; sars; selection
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        item: #3583 of 5187
          id: cord-323327-08p122lw
      author: van de Veerdonk, Frank L.
       title: Blocking IL-1 to prevent respiratory failure in COVID-19
        date: 2020-07-18
       words: 3023
      flesch: 36
     summary: Studies that recruited in total almost 2000 patients demonstrated that although anakinra did not reduce the overall all-cause mortality, survival was increased in the subgroup of sepsis patients with features of MAS (ferritin elevations in excess of 2000 ng/ml, coagulopathy, and liver enzyme elevations) Yearb Intensive Care Emerg Med Coagulation abnormalities and thrombosis in patients with COVID-19 Kallikrein-kinin blockade in patients with COVID-19 to prevent acute respiratory distress syndrome Endothelial cell infection and endotheliitis in COVID-19 Cytotoxic therapy for severe avian influenza A (H5N1) infection A case of macrophage activation syndrome successfully treated with anakinra Macrophage activation syndrome treated with anakinra Benefit of anakinra in treating pediatric secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis Interleukin-1 receptor blockade is associated with reduced mortality in sepsis patients with features of macrophage activation syndrome: reanalysis of a prior phase III trial Confirmatory interleukin-1 receptor antagonist trial in severe sepsis: a phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial.
    keywords: anakinra; covid-19; il-1; mas; patients; sars; syndrome
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        item: #3584 of 5187
          id: cord-323383-dmzhywb9
      author: Lundon, DJ
       title: Early Mortality Risk Stratification after SARS-CoV-2 Infection
        date: 2020-07-04
       words: 899
      flesch: 40
     summary: A recent publication outlined the unprecedented opportunities of prediction models to inform, personalize and improve care, as well as reiterating principles for the creation and use of such models 5 . Prediction models were built using machine learning methods including SVM, k-NN and random forest.
    keywords: care; covid-19; patients
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        item: #3585 of 5187
          id: cord-323389-8vp57c1o
      author: Wei, S.
       title: Field-deployable, rapid diagnostic testing of saliva samples for SARS-CoV-2.
        date: 2020-06-16
       words: 1569
      flesch: 53
     summary: We tested thirty contrived positive samples consisting of saliva from COVID-19 negative individuals with 2 copies of SARS-CoV-2 per μ L of saliva spiked-in, and thirty negative samples consisting of saliva samples from COVID-19 negative individuals without viral RNA spiked-in. Because salivary nucleases degrade viral RNA from the 3′ and 5′ ends, we reasoned that the central portion of the virus would be better protected and, therefore, designed our primers to target that region.
    keywords: cov-2; preprint; saliva; sars
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        item: #3586 of 5187
          id: cord-323394-osx7llte
      author: Lanser, Lukas
       title: Evaluating the clinical utility and sensitivity of SARS-CoV-2 antigen testing in relation to RT-PCR Ct values
        date: 2020-11-13
       words: 1215
      flesch: 41
     summary: Changing the cut-off value to Ct > 33 reduced the positive results of the Pan-bio™ COVID-19 Ag Rapid test to 16.7% (Table 1) whereas no positive Panbio™ COVID-19 Ag Rapid test result was achieved in subjects with RT-PCR Ct-values ≥ 35 (n = 4). Panbio™ COVID-19 Ag Rapid test was performed right after nasopharyngeal swab sampling while RT-PCR was routinely performed in our central laboratory facility.
    keywords: covid-19; sars; test
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        item: #3587 of 5187
          id: cord-323397-5yop6clu
      author: Albalate, M.
       title: Alta prevalencia de covid19 asintomático en hemodiálisis. Aprendiendo dia a dia el primer mes de pandemia de covid19
        date: 2020-04-30
       words: 5233
      flesch: 49
     summary: Si el resultado era positivo se les avisaba telefónicamente y se les informaba de la obligatoriedad de aislamiento domiciliario, y de cómo acudir a la sesión de hemodiálisis. A partir del día 15 de marzo y con el objetivo de evitar sanciones por violar confinamiento, se entregó carta/certificado a los conductores, especificando el nombre del paciente sin especificar turno en previsión de posibles cambios.
    keywords: clínica; como; con; cov2; covid19; del; diálisis; día; han; hemodiálisis; hospital; las; los; marzo; momento; más; pacientes; para; patients; pcr; personal; por; que; sars; triaje; una; unidad
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        item: #3588 of 5187
          id: cord-323424-86wh4u6l
      author: Santos, M. M.
       title: Survival and predictors of deaths of patients hospitalised due to COVID-19 from a retrospective and multicentre cohort study in Brazil
        date: 2020-09-07
       words: 3748
      flesch: 41
     summary: Ministério da Saúde Nonparametric estimation from incomplete samples Survival analysis II: Cox regression Survival analysis of elderly patients in intensive care units Risk factors for disease severity, unimprovement, and mortality in COVID-19 patients in Wuhan Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study Predictors of mortality for patients with COVID-19 pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2: a prospective cohort study Health inequity during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cry for ethical global leadership Using social and behavioural science to support COVID-19 pandemic response Risk assessment of progression to severe conditions for patients with COVID-19 pneumonia: a single-center retrospective study. However, it would be necessary to develop prospective cohort studies to monitor, mainly, the changes in the clinical signs of patients with COVID-19 and their impact on the survival of hospitalised patients and how this interferes with the length of stay in the ICU.
    keywords: covid-19; death; disease; hospital; patients; risk; study; survival
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        item: #3589 of 5187
          id: cord-323440-u3iz79kk
      author: de Niet, Annikki
       title: The role of children in the transmission of mild SARS‐CoV‐2 infection
        date: 2020-05-04
       words: 507
      flesch: 46
     summary: Consequently, disease transmission from children may prime the host to develop an effective memory immune response, but prevent progression to severe SARS-CoV-2 disease. 2 Reports from severe disease in infected healthcare workers further hint towards an association between higher viral load in critically ill patients and transmission of more severe SARS-CoV-2 infection.
    keywords: children; sars
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        item: #3590 of 5187
          id: cord-323449-r1gyjxei
      author: Kim, Uh Jin
       title: Air and Environmental Contamination Caused by COVID-19 Patients: a Multi-Center Study
        date: 2020-09-08
       words: 2013
      flesch: 45
     summary: In total, 89 of 320 (27%) environmental surface samples were positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Studies of the environmental contamination associated with COVID-19 patients are needed to improve our understanding of the modes of transmission of SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: cov-2; hospital; patients; rna; sars; surface
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        item: #3591 of 5187
          id: cord-323468-xn7anxj6
      author: Olloquequi, Jordi
       title: COVID‐19 Susceptibility in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
        date: 2020-08-11
       words: 4159
      flesch: 37
     summary: All rights reserved 70 Immune Dysfunction in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Amplification of inflammation in emphysema and its association with latent adenoviral infection Impaired phagocytosis of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae by human alveolar macrophages in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Impaired alveolar macrophage response to Haemophilus antigens in chronic obstructive lung disease Dysregulated Functions of Lung Macrophage Populations in COPD Accumulation of dendritic cells and increased CCL20 levels in the airways of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Acute effects of tobacco smoke on human airway dendritic cells in vivo Lung dendritic cell expression of maturation molecules increases with worsening chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Deficient pulmonary IFN-beta expression in COPD patients Interferon-beta 1a and SARS coronavirus replication Interferon-beta and interferon-gamma synergistically inhibit the replication of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus Polymeric immunoglobulin receptor down-regulation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) recognizes COPD patients amongst the worst affected by COVID-19 11 .
    keywords: cells; copd; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; infection; lung; patients; risk
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        item: #3592 of 5187
          id: cord-323481-uz6usokd
      author: Wang, Yixuan
       title: Unique epidemiological and clinical features of the emerging 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID‐19) implicate special control measures
        date: 2020-03-29
       words: 2959
      flesch: 36
     summary: med Rxiv First cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in France: surveillance, investigations and control measures Notice on the issuance of strategic guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infected pneumonia Case of the index patient who caused tertiary transmission of COVID-19 infection in Korea: the application of lopinavir/ritonavir for the treatment of COVID-19 infected pneumonia monitored by quantitative RT-PCR Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro Role of lopinavir/ritonavir in the treatment of SARS: initial virological and clinical findings Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread Broad-spectrum antiviral GS-5734 inhibits both epidemic and zoonotic coronaviruses Therapeutic efficacy of the small molecule GS-5734 against Ebola virus in rhesus monkeys A pan-coronavirus fusion inhibitor targeting the HR1 domain of human coronavirus spike The keypoints in treatment of the critical coronavirus disease 2019 patient Presumed asymptomatic carrier transmission of COVID-19 T-cell immunity of SARS-CoV: implications for vaccine development against MERS-CoV Yeast-expressed recombinant protein of the receptor-binding domain in SARS-CoV spike protein with deglycosylated forms as a SARS vaccine candidate Measures for diagnosing and treating infections by a novel coronavirus responsible for a pneumonia outbreak originating in Wuhan Mental health care for medical staff in China during the COVID-19 outbreak Pathogenicity and transmissibility of 2019-nCoV-a quick overview and comparison with other emerging viruses. Microbes Infect Preliminary estimation of the basic reproduction number of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in China, from 2019 to 2020: a data-driven analysis in the early phase of the outbreak Severe acute respiratory syndrome: historical, epidemiologic, and clinical features Analysis of spatiotemporal characteristics of pandemic SARS spread in Mainland China Epidemic and emerging coronaviruses (severe acute respiratory syndrome and Middle East respiratory syndrome) SARS and MERS: recent insights into emerging coronaviruses Nosocomial transmission of emerging viruses via aerosol-generating medical procedures Emergence of MERS-CoV in the Middle East: origins, transmission, treatment, and perspectives A comprehensive collection of systems biology data characterizing the host response to viral infection Emerging novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)-current scenario, evolutionary perspective based on genome analysis and recent developments Clinical characteristics of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in China Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Enteric involvement of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus infection Guidelines for the prevention and treatment of SARS SARS-associated viral hepatitis caused by a novel coronavirus: report of three cases Analysis of SARS inpatients in Beijing in 2003 Epidemiological, demographic, and clinical characteristics of 47 cases of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus disease from Saudi Arabia: a descriptive study Hospital outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus State of knowledge and data gaps of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-COV) in humans Clinical features and viral diagnosis of two cases of infection with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: a report of nosocomial transmission Family cluster of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infections National Health and Family Planning Commission of People's Republicao of China.
    keywords: china; coronavirus; covid-19; novel; patients; pneumonia; sars; syndrome
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        item: #3593 of 5187
          id: cord-323489-ro7kbnu3
      author: Arenas, María Dolores
       title: Protection of nephrology health professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic
        date: 2020-10-06
       words: 4139
      flesch: 39
     summary: This exposure can result from contact with other patients or with co-workers. There are a number of reasons why the protection of healthcare professionals has to be one of the main objectives in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: 1) They are necessary to guarantee the continuity of care; 2) They have a high risk of contagion due to their front-line exposure to infected patients; and 3)
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; equipment; healthcare; hospital; patients; professionals; risk; staff
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        item: #3594 of 5187
          id: cord-323514-jaom3p6s
      author: He, Yuxian
       title: A single amino acid substitution (R441A) in the receptor-binding domain of SARS coronavirus spike protein disrupts the antigenic structure and binding activity
        date: 2006-05-26
       words: 4016
      flesch: 43
     summary: key: cord-323514-jaom3p6s authors: He, Yuxian; Li, Jingjing; Jiang, Shibo title: A single amino acid substitution (R441A) in the receptor-binding domain of SARS coronavirus spike protein disrupts the antigenic structure and binding activity date: 2006-05-26 journal: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.03.139 sha: doc_id: 323514 cord_uid: jaom3p6s angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 The SARS-CoV S glycoprotein: expression and functional characterization Coronavirus spike proteins in viral entry and pathogenesis Molecular modelling of S1 and S2 subunits of SARS coronavirus spike glycoprotein Cellular entry of the SARS coronavirus SARS-associated coronavirus Coronavirus spike proteins in viral entry and pathogenesis Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus A model of the ACE2 structure and function as a SARS-CoV receptor Expression cloning of functional receptor used by SARS coronavirus Amino acids 270 to 510 of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein are required for interaction with receptor A 193-amino acid fragment of the SARS coronavirus S protein efficiently binds angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 Structure of SARS coronavirus spike receptor-binding domain complexed with receptor Structural characterization of the fusion-active complex of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus Interaction between heptad repeat 1 and 2 regions in spike protein of SARS-associated coronavirus: implications for virus fusogenic mechanism and identification of fusion inhibitors Structural characterization of the SARS-coronavirus spike S fusion protein core Severe acute respiratory syndrome vaccine development: experiences of vaccination against avian infectious bronchitis coronavirus Coronavirus immunogens Contributions of the structural proteins of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus to protective immunity Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein expressed by attenuated vaccinia virus protectively immunizes mice Mucosal immunisation of African green monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops) with an attenuated parainfluenza virus expressing the SARS coronavirus spike protein for the prevention of SARS A DNA vaccine induces SARS coronavirus neutralization and protective immunity in mice Recombinant modified vaccinia virus ankara expressing the spike glycoprotein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus induces protective neutralizing antibodies primarily targeting the receptor binding region Inactivated SARS-CoV vaccine elicits high titers of spike protein-specific antibodies that block receptor binding and virus entry Identification of a critical neutralization determinant of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-associated coronavirus: importance for designing SARS vaccines Receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV spike protein induces highly potent neutralizing antibodies: implication for developing subunit vaccine Receptor-binding domain of SARS coronavirus spike protein contains multiple conformational-dependant epitopes that induce highly potent neutralizing antibodies
    keywords: coronavirus; cov; protein; r441a; rbd; sars
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        item: #3595 of 5187
          id: cord-323596-dh7oh54z
      author: Advani, Sonali D.
       title: Assessing severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) preparedness in US community hospitals: A forgotten entity
        date: 2020-10-07
       words: 1552
      flesch: 41
     summary: Assessing preparedness of community hospitals is crucial to risk assessments and outbreak control activities in these settings. Hence, we conducted a cross-sectional survey of SARS-CoV-2 preparedness among community hospitals in southeastern United States.
    keywords: community; hospitals; sars; survey
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        item: #3596 of 5187
          id: cord-323603-99d0wv1h
      author: Nunez Garcia, B.
       title: Real-world data: Cancer and SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-09-30
       words: 1540
      flesch: 50
     summary: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic had a profound negative effect on the overall diagnostic output of the centralized molecular diagnostics for cancer patients and high-risk individuals in Serbia. We report data from our study, comparing cancer patients to an age-and sex-matched non-cancer cohort.
    keywords: cancer; covid-19; infection; patients; sars
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        item: #3597 of 5187
          id: cord-323618-d09b65gd
      author: Vabret, A.
       title: Coronavirus humains (HCoV)
        date: 2008-05-05
       words: 6306
      flesch: 52
     summary: développées à partir des souches circulant en 2003, elles devront être réévaluées en cas de résurgence de ce virus. L'apparente plasticité de la protéine S et du RBD permettrait aux coronavirus de s'adapter à différents récepteurs protéiques ou à des récepteurs hétérologues dans différentes espèces et serait un atout pour émerger chez de nouveaux hôtes.
    keywords: cas; ces; chez; coronavirus; cov; d'une; dans; des; est; hcov; human; infections; les; leur; nl63; ont; par; pour; protéine; que; respiratoires; sars; sont; sur; une; été
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        item: #3598 of 5187
          id: cord-323622-229kub7c
      author: Ou, Xueting
       title: A severe case with co-infection of SARS-CoV-2 and common respiratory pathogens
        date: 2020-04-16
       words: 664
      flesch: 54
     summary: The patient was diagnosed as severe COVID-19, and was transferred to the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University for isolation and treatment where are designed to treat severe COVID-19 cases by local health authorities. Older patients, having diabetes, hypertension are causes of severe COVID-19 cases [3, 4] .
    keywords: cov-2; sars
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        item: #3599 of 5187
          id: cord-323643-lu3ngt6r
      author: Chow, C.B.
       title: Post-SARS infection control in the hospital and clinic
        date: 2004-11-05
       words: 4450
      flesch: 48
     summary: Supplement I: Infection Control in Healthcare, Home and Community Setting SARS and masks SARS respiratory protection: update SARS transmission among hospital workers in Hong Kong Effective personal protective clothing for health care workers attending patients with SARS SARS and removal of personal protective equipment Current concepts: The severe acute respiratory syndrome Risk factors for SARS in HCWs following intubation of SARS patients -a retrospective multi-centre study. Using mathematical and statistical models it was estimated that 71.1% and 74.8% of SARS infections in Hong Kong and Singapore were attributable to super-spreading events.
    keywords: control; days; hong; infection; kong; patients; risk; sars; syndrome; transmission
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        item: #3600 of 5187
          id: cord-323666-t7cshj05
      author: Cegolon, L.
       title: Nasal Disinfection for the Prevention and Control of COVID-19: A Scoping Review on Potential Chemo-preventive Agents.
        date: 2020-08-18
       words: 6192
      flesch: 41
     summary: Therefore, there are two issues with COVID- 19: high transmissibility of the virus and variable clinical pattern of the disease, which can range from pre-symptomatic/asymptomatic condition to life threatening pneumonia featured by severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and hypercoagulable state The abstracts of the original articles were explored for the following terms: mechanism(s) of action, tolerability and any evidence of toxic effects or selection of resistant strains, whether the treatment was tested in vitro (in particular against SARS-CoV-2), or reached the clinical trials stage, or is currently marketed/promoted/sold.
    keywords: activity; control; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; human; infection; nasal; sars; system; treatment; virus
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        item: #3601 of 5187
          id: cord-323685-gjocoa60
      author: Tsai, Shang-Jui
       title: Exosome-Mediated mRNA Delivery For SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination
        date: 2020-11-06
       words: 5344
      flesch: 36
     summary: The S protein interacts with a variety of cell surface proteins including its canonical receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme II (ACE2) (Hoffmann et al., 2020; Matheson and Lehner, 2020; Using ELISA kits adapted for the detection of mouse antibodies, we observed that vaccinated animals displayed a dose-dependent antibody response to both the SARS-CoV-2 N protein and S protein.
    keywords: antigen; cells; et al; exosome; expression; lsnme; mice; mrna; protein; responses; sars; spike; vaccine
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        item: #3602 of 5187
          id: cord-323695-jkik03lb
      author: Paolo, Gisondi
       title: Incidence rates of hospitalization and death from COVID-19 in patients with psoriasis receiving biological treatment: a Northern Italy experience
        date: 2020-11-05
       words: 1747
      flesch: 36
     summary: Despite a great effort has been made in retrieving COVID-19 patients, we acknowledge that there is still a possibility that we have missed important cases. Elevated plasma level of selective cytokines in COVID-19 patients reflect viral load and lung injury Associations between immune-suppressive and stimulating drugs and novel COVID-19-a systematic review of current evidence.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; patients; psoriasis
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        item: #3603 of 5187
          id: cord-323737-6ajqy0ch
      author: Jiang, Yuanyuan
       title: Structural analysis, virtual screening and molecular simulation to identify potential inhibitors targeting 2'-O-ribose methyltransferase of SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus
        date: 2020-10-04
       words: 6807
      flesch: 40
     summary: All seven of these drugs are adenosine receptor agonists that were clinically investigated for treating various diseases, including cardiac arrhythmias, neuropathic pain, inflammatory diseases, and cancer (Gao & Jacobson, 2011; Jacobson et al., 2019) . These 2 0 -O-MTases regulate important cellular functions, and are associated with developmental disorders and cancer (B€ ugl et al., 2000; Hager et al., 2002; Lee & Bogenhagen, 2014; Ringeard et al., 2019) .
    keywords: analysis; binding; compounds; cov-2; drugs; et al; figure; hesperidin; mtase; nsp16; protein; rna; sam; sars
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        item: #3604 of 5187
          id: cord-323807-e220ut9u
      author: Bassetti, Matteo
       title: The novel Chinese coronavirus (2019‐nCoV) infections: Challenges for fighting the storm
        date: 2020-02-05
       words: 2265
      flesch: 43
     summary: In this regard, it is likely that there will be other cases in Europe and ensuring firm and timely detection and F I G U R E 1 Possible diagnostic/therapeutic algorithm according to currently available information in patients with suspected 2019-nCOV pneumonia. 6 Further elucidating all these aspects is critical for perfectionating both the containment of transmission and the clinical approach to patients with 2019-nCoV infection (a tentative algorithm for the clinical approach to severe cases is proposed in Figure 1 ).
    keywords: 2019; cases; coronavirus; ncov; patients; sars
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        item: #3605 of 5187
          id: cord-323822-jtbfpx88
      author: Barnett, Brad P.
       title: Potential of Ocular Transmission of SARS-CoV-2: A Review
        date: 2020-09-01
       words: 4034
      flesch: 42
     summary: Treatment: Suggested Effects of Azithromycin and Stem Cell Engagement Characterization of spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 on virus entry and its immune cross-reactivity with SARS-CoV Structural basis for the recognition of SARS-CoV-2 by full-length human ACE2 SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor Inhibitors of cathepsin L prevent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus entry ACE2 and TMPRSS2 are expressed on the human ocular surface, suggesting susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection TMPRSS2 and ADAM17 cleave ACE2 differentially and only proteolysis by TMPRSS2 augments entry driven by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein ACE2 and TMPRSS2 variants and expression as candidates to sex and country differences in COVID-19 severity in Italy The retinal specific CD147 Ig0 domain: From molecular structure to biological activity EMMPRIN modulates epithelial barrier function through a MMP-mediated occludin cleavage: Implications in dry eye disease A Novel CD147 Inhibitor, SP-8356, Attenuates Pathological Fibrosis in Alkali-Burned Rat Cornea Report of the WHO-China Joint Mission on Coronavirus Disease Retinal findings in patients with COVID-19 Human Lacrimal Gland Gene Expression OVOL2 Maintains the Transcriptional Program of Human Corneal Epithelium by Suppressing Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition A single-cell transcriptome atlas of the adult human retina Immunolocalization of EMMPRIN (CD147) in the human eye and detection of soluble form of EMMPRIN in ocular fluids Single-cell transcriptomic atlas of the human retina identifies cell types associated with age-related macular degeneration Comparison of gene expression profiles of conjunctival cell lines with primary cultured conjunctival epithelial cells and human conjunctival tissue Comparative analysis of human conjunctival and corneal epithelial gene expression with oligonucleotide microarrays Single-cell transcriptomics of the human retinal pigment epithelium and choroid in health and macular degeneration Acquisition of T regulatory function in cathepsin L-inhibited T cells by eye-derived CTLA-2alpha during inflammatory conditions Ocular tropisms of murine coronavirus (strain JHM) after inoculation by various routes Studies of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus pathology in human cases and animal models Virology: SARS virus infection of cats and ferrets Immunofluorescence studies on the pathogenesis of hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus infection in pigs after oronasal inoculation Ocular manifestations of feline infectious peritonitis Keratoconjunctivitis associated with sialodacryoadenitis in rats Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China 2019-nCoV transmission through the ocular surface must not be ignored A cellular census of human lungs identifies novel cell states in health and in asthma scRNA-seq assessment of the human lung, spleen, and esophagus tissue stability after cold preservation SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 and TMPRSS2 are primarily expressed in bronchial transient secretory cells Risk Factors for Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection among Healthcare Personnel Surveillance of the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus (CoV) infection in healthcare workers after contact with confirmed MERS patients: Incidence and risk factors of MERS-CoV seropositivity Seroprevalence of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in public health workers responding to a MERS outbreak in Seoul, Republic of Korea Which preventive measures might protect health care workers from SARS? Mortality Factor Survey of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome in Taiwan Investigation of the influencing factors on severe acute respiratory syndrome among health care workers. Although it is generally assumed that ocular cells can be infected by SARS-CoV-2, experimental validation that conjunctival tissues can be directly infected is still somewhat limited [55] .
    keywords: cd147; cell; cov-2; human; infection; sars; tmprss2; transmission; virus
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        item: #3606 of 5187
          id: cord-323824-74xvvwrw
      author: de Oliveira, Osmair Vital
       title: Repurposing approved drugs as inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 S-protein from molecular modeling and virtual screening
        date: 2020-06-02
       words: 5378
      flesch: 50
     summary: Therefore, SARS-CoV-2 is composed by glycosylated spike protein (S-protein), membrane protein, envelope protein and nucleocapsid protein (Chen et al., 2006; Boopathi et al., 2020) . Thus, S-protein emerges an interesting target to drug design for the SARS-CoV-2 inhibition, which blocking the RBD by a drug can prevent coupling between the S-protein and ACE2.
    keywords: binding; calculations; docking; et al; ligands; protein; sars; simulation
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        item: #3607 of 5187
          id: cord-323828-ug2duzw1
      author: Ni, Dongchun
       title: Structural investigation of ACE2 dependent disassembly of the trimeric SARS-CoV-2 Spike glycoprotein
        date: 2020-10-12
       words: 3426
      flesch: 58
     summary: Our analysis reveals a monomeric complex of Spike S1 domain with hACE2, requiring 82 a large structural rearrangement in S1 compared to its isolated structure. A resolution-limited map at 9Å 130 resolution ( Fig. 1b) allowed clear docking the models of Spike S1 and S2 and hACE2, which showed that the 131 complex is composed of Spike and hACE2 in a molar ratio of 3:3 (Spike:hACE2).
    keywords: complex; fig; hace2; sars; spike
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        item: #3608 of 5187
          id: cord-323831-1qadv7r1
      author: Coleman, H
       title: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 in post-laryngectomy patients: case series of four patients
        date: 2020-06-23
       words: 2004
      flesch: 48
     summary: key: cord-323831-1qadv7r1 authors: Coleman, H; Sutherland, J; Calder, N title: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 in post-laryngectomy patients: case series of four patients date: 2020-06-23 journal: The Journal of laryngology and otology DOI: 10.1017/s0022215120001310 sha: doc_id: 323831 cord_uid: 1qadv7r1 OBJECTIVE: To report our experience of diagnosis, investigation and management in patients who had undergone laryngectomy secondary to previous squamous cell carcinoma, who were subsequently infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. This study focuses on post-laryngectomy patients admitted with SARS-CoV-2 infection during the outbreak peak (1 March to 1 May 2020) •
    keywords: cov-2; laryngectomy; patient; sars
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        item: #3609 of 5187
          id: cord-323832-w19ump0o
      author: Mishra, Vijaya Nath
       title: Possible Role for Bacteriophages in the Treatment of SARS-CoV-2 Infection
        date: 2020-09-19
       words: 2883
      flesch: 48
     summary: e phages found in the human body usually transmigrate from the gut and transcytosis in the various tissue and organs like the lungs. In this context, this review explores the impact of bacteriophages on SARS-CoV-2, especially concerning phage therapy (PT).
    keywords: bacteriophages; cells; infection; phages; sars; viruses
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        item: #3610 of 5187
          id: cord-323839-a4oejky0
      author: Sasaki, Michihito
       title: SARS-CoV-2 variants with mutations at the S1/S2 cleavage site are generated in vitro during propagation in TMPRSS2-deficient cells
        date: 2020-08-28
       words: 2106
      flesch: 51
     summary: These results suggested that S gene mutant, del2, can enter Vero-TMPRSS2 1 4 2 cells via cathepsin-dependent endocytosis but not the TMPRSS2-mediated fusion pathway. Parental Vero cells that do not express TMPRSS2 were inoculated with S gene mutant 1 4 4 viruses in the presence of camostat and/or E-64d.
    keywords: cells; gene; sars; vero
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        item: #3611 of 5187
          id: cord-323871-2hx4fuk2
      author: Ho, Sheau Ling
       title: Structural bioinformatics analysis of free cysteines in protein environments
        date: 2009-03-14
       words: 3245
      flesch: 53
     summary: From the data collected, we observed that approximately 23% of free cysteine residues of non-membrane proteins were located in the a-helix and 77% were found in the b-strand (Table 1) . Supplementary research included a consensus approach to cysteine residues within the 3CLpro and extended it to a number of other proteins.
    keywords: cysteines; free; hydrophobic; membrane; proteases; proteins; residues; sars
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        item: #3612 of 5187
          id: cord-323882-127c5bve
      author: Yu, Wen-Bin
       title: Decoding the evolution and transmissions of the novel pneumonia coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2 / HCoV-19) using whole genomic data
        date: 2020-05-17
       words: 5584
      flesch: 48
     summary: In the absence of information on potential intermediary reservoirs, the origin and transmission pattern of SARS-CoV-2 are still unresolved (Wong et al., 2020) . In addition, the low level of radiation exposure on longdistance international flights (Bottollier-Depois et al., 2000) may have accelerated mutation rates of SARS-CoV-2 (Shibai et al., 2017) .
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; haplotypes; human; patients; samples; sars; wuhan
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        item: #3613 of 5187
          id: cord-323905-ayufx3wv
      author: Kort, N. P.
       title: Recommendations for resuming elective hip and knee arthroplasty in the setting of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: the European Hip Society and European Knee Associates Survey of Members
        date: 2020-08-18
       words: 3719
      flesch: 46
     summary: Are new triage/patient selection criteria needed for hip and knee arthroplasty patients once elective surgery is resumed? Increased demand for hip and knee arthroplasty, coupled with limited hospital resources, will force surgeons to select which patients will receive hip and knee arthroplasties sooner than others. The April 2020 SARS-CoV-2 survey completed by EHS and EKA members in Europe has confirmed the impact of SARS-CoV-2: this pandemic has resulted in a tremendous reduction in primary hip and knee arthroplasty procedures as shown in the survey.
    keywords: arthroplasty; cov-2; elective; hip; knee; pandemic; patients; sars
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        item: #3614 of 5187
          id: cord-323908-8dgngwmw
      author: He, Zhesheng
       title: Molecules inhibit the enzyme activity of 3-chymotrypsin-like cysteine protease of SARS-CoV-2 virus: the experimental and theory studies
        date: 2020-05-31
       words: 884
      flesch: 52
     summary: Gold cluster is with better safety index and well anti-inflammation in vitro/vivo, therefore it is with potential to inhibit virus replication and suppress the inflammation damage caused by COVID-19 virus. The full-length gene encoding COVID-19 virus Mpro was synthesized for Escherichia coli expression.
    keywords: activity; gold; virus
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        item: #3615 of 5187
          id: cord-323930-pl3qlcpo
      author: Sohail, Ayesha
       title: Forecasting the timeframe of coronavirus and human cells interaction with reverse engineering
        date: 2020-04-29
       words: 1503
      flesch: 44
     summary: A standard mathematical description of this function is given as: (1) A computational framework to interpret the dynamics of viral infection is presented in this manuscript. Subunit S1 contains RBD (Receptor Binding Domain), which binds to the ACE-2 protein (angiotensin-84 converting enzyme 2) of the host cell membrane (on the surface of respiratory cells), which, in turn 85 functions as a receptor for the ligand (anti-receptor) constituted by the RBD domain itself.
    keywords: coronavirus; infection; protein; receptor; sars
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        item: #3616 of 5187
          id: cord-323940-ubazgvov
      author: Cafiero, Concetta
       title: Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacogenetics: In Silico Prediction of Drug Effects in Treatments for Novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV2 Disease
        date: 2020-10-13
       words: 7372
      flesch: 26
     summary: • PharmGKB website provides a diverse array of PGx information, from annotations of the primary literature to guidelines for adjusting drug treatment based on genetic information. To our knowledge, although a considerable number of ADR episodes in Covid-19 patients have to date been described in the literature, there has been no pharmacogenetic study attempting to correlate the clinical outcomes of drug treatment with gene variants.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov2; covid-19; disease; drug; effects; efficacy; infection; patients; pharmacogenetic; response; sars; studies; study; therapy; toxicity; treatment; use; variants
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        item: #3617 of 5187
          id: cord-323943-9916y6x0
      author: Platt, Daniel E
       title: Lies, Gosh Darn Lies, and Not Enough Good Statistics: Why Epidemic Model Parameter Estimation Fails
        date: 2020-04-21
       words: 4149
      flesch: 40
     summary: If, as tracking numbers increased, testing surveillance was broad enough to pick up community spread individuals proportional to total numbers of tests applied, then the proportion of positives from the tests may reflect population rates. Since the problem of identifying rate limiting parameters prior to peak is underdetermined, these rates must be determined elsewhere.
    keywords: cases; license; parameters; population; preprint; rate; symptomatic; time
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        item: #3618 of 5187
          id: cord-323967-2mo915u1
      author: Miersch, Shane
       title: Tetravalent SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies Show Enhanced Potency and Resistance to Escape Mutations
        date: 2020-11-01
       words: 3237
      flesch: 34
     summary: 95 To estimate affinities, ELISAs were performed with serial dilutions of IgG protein binding 96 to biotinylated S protein trimer captured with immobilized streptavidin, and these assays showed 97 that three IgGs bound with EC50 values in the sub-nanomolar range (Fig. 1B,C and Table 1 ). Screening of 384 clones for 90 binding to CoV-2 RBD, revealed 348 Fab-phage clones that bound to the RBD but not to 91 streptavidin.
    keywords: ace2; binding; cov-2; fab; fig; igg; rbd; sars
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        item: #3619 of 5187
          id: cord-323980-rcyjthze
      author: Willems, Laurent M.
       title: SARS-CoV-2-related rapid reorganization of an epilepsy outpatient clinic from personal appointments to telemedicine services: A German single-center experience
        date: 2020-10-06
       words: 4382
      flesch: 33
     summary: Patients with epilepsy may be a highly vulnerable group for such supply problems, given the driving restrictions applied to patients with ongoing seizures [43] . When the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic reached Europe in 2020, a German governmental order forced clinics to immediately suspend elective care, causing a problem for patients with chronic illnesses such as epilepsy.
    keywords: care; cov-2; covid-19; epilepsy; face; patients; sars; telemedicine
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        item: #3620 of 5187
          id: cord-324102-75v4ebag
      author: Garcia Rodriguez, Alejandro
       title: SARS-COV-2 infection during pregnancy, a risk factor for eclampsia or neurological manifestations of COVID-19? Case report
        date: 2020-10-06
       words: 1730
      flesch: 44
     summary: Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China Neurologic manifestations of hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in Wuhan, China SARS-CoV-2: olfaction, brain infection, and the urgent need for clinical samples allowing earlier virus detection Selfreported Olfactory and Taste Disorders in Patients With Severe Acute Respiratory Coronavirus 2 Infection: A Cross-sectional Study Sudden and complete olfactory loss function as a possible symptom of COVID-19 Endothelial cell infection and endotheliitis in COVID-19 Coronavirus in pregnancy and delivery: rapid review Soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 and placental growth factor kinetics during and after pregnancy in women with suspected or confirmed pre-eclampsia Neurologic manifestations in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: the ALBACOVID registry Incidence of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in eclamptic and patients with preeclampsia with neurologic symptoms Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in 46 of 47 patients with eclampsia The CARE guidelines: consensus-based clinical case reporting guideline development World medical association declaration of Helsinki: ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects Publisher's Note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations The authors conclude that SARS COV-2 infection could promote brain endothelial damage and facilitate neurological complications during pregnancy.
    keywords: covid-19; infection; patient; sars; symptoms
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        item: #3621 of 5187
          id: cord-324128-css42bsb
      author: Boukli, Narjis
       title: High Incidence of False-Positive Results in Patients with Acute Infections Other than COVID-19 by the Liaison SARS-CoV-2 Commercial Chemiluminescent Microparticle Immunoassay for Detection of IgG Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies
        date: 2020-10-21
       words: 950
      flesch: 40
     summary: There were 100 specimens collected before the COVID-19 epidemic in France: 40 unselected serum samples and 60 samples from patients suffering from various infectious conditions (Table 1) . A total of 244 plasma or serum samples stored at Ϫ20 or Ϫ80°C were tested.
    keywords: assay; cov-2; sars
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        item: #3622 of 5187
          id: cord-324165-afdmsbw2
      author: Joo, Heesoo
       title: The effects of past SARS experience and proximity on declines in numbers of travelers to the Republic of Korea during the 2015 MERS outbreak: A retrospective study
        date: 2019-08-31
       words: 5126
      flesch: 51
     summary: Press releases: government removes red Outbound travel alert for Korea Hong Kong issues 'red alert' against South Korea travel due to MERS Travel warnings to the Republic of Korea due to the MERS outbreak from all foreign countries are lifted: response activities, achievements, and future plans for the MERS outbreak from Ministry of Foreign Affairs Airlines cut flights to South Korea as China steps up MERS alert In light of current MERS-CoV outbreak in South Korea, Taiwan CDC issues travel notice level for Seoul to Level 2: alert for MERS-CoV and plans five major response strategies Travel notice of Level 2: alert for MERS-CoV to entire South Korea issued in response to growing MERS outbreak in South Korea; Public urged to avoid unnecessary hospital visits in South Korea Taiwan CDC lowers travel notice level for South Korea to Level 1: watch for MERS and advises travelers visiting China to take precautions against tick bites Taiwan CDC removes MERS travel notice for South Korea and Bhrain as outbreak in South Korea brought under control Foreign ministry raises travel advisory for Seoul Test results of Taipei suspected MERS-CoV case came back negative Countries' response to WHO's travel recommendations during the 2013-2016 Ebola outbreak Prevention and control guideline for Middle East respiratory synderome coronavirus Surveillance and public health response for travelers returning from MERS-CoV affected countries to Gyeonggi Province Statutes of the Republic of Korea, quarantine act, chapter I general provisions, article 2 (definition) Coordinated response to SARS Appendix Fig. 3 . Since the 2015 MERS outbreak ended, the ROK government has continuously made efforts to prevent future MERS outbreaks in the ROK.
    keywords: areas; arrivals; cases; mers; outbreak; rok; sars; travel
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        item: #3623 of 5187
          id: cord-324166-6ydn2bvy
      author: Kumar, Neeraj
       title: Antitussive noscapine and antiviral drug conjugates as arsenal against COVID-19: a comprehensive chemoinformatics analysis
        date: 2020-08-20
       words: 5489
      flesch: 37
     summary: key: cord-324166-6ydn2bvy authors: Kumar, Neeraj; Awasthi, Amardeep; Kumari, Anchala; Sood, Damini; Jain, Pallavi; Singh, Taru; Sharma, Neera; Grover, Abhinav; Chandra, Ramesh title: Antitussive noscapine and antiviral drug conjugates as arsenal against COVID-19: a comprehensive chemoinformatics analysis date: 2020-08-20 journal: Journal of biomolecular structure & dynamics DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1808072 sha: doc_id: 324166 cord_uid: 6ydn2bvy Coronavirus pandemic has caused a vast number of deaths worldwide. The receptor grid was set to 0.6 Å for X, Y, and Z coordinates of Mpro structure.
    keywords: analysis; binding; conjugate; coronavirus; drug; energy; hcq; mpro; nos; noscapine; protein; sars
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        item: #3624 of 5187
          id: cord-324246-liyk6mna
      author: Shakoor, Hira
       title: Be well: A potential role for vitamin B in COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-15
       words: 2244
      flesch: 35
     summary: Given that, it is plausible that symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency are close to COVID-19 infection such as elevated oxidative stress and lactate dehydrogenase, hyperhomocysteinemia, coagulation cascade activation, vasoconstriction and renal and pulmonary vasculopathy [28, 31] . Evidence has shown that the mortality rate is higher in COVID-19 patients with low vitamin D concentrations.
    keywords: covid-19; editorial; immune; patients; sars; vitamin
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        item: #3625 of 5187
          id: cord-324251-wgtatr8v
      author: Joshi, Madhvi
       title: Genomic variations in SARS-CoV-2 genomes from Gujarat: Underlying role of variants in disease epidemiology
        date: 2020-07-13
       words: 610
      flesch: 47
     summary: From missense mutations, found from Gujarat SARS-CoV-2 genomes, C28854T, deleterious mutation in nucleocapsid (N) gene was found to be significantly associated with mortality in patients. Further deceased versus recovered patient mutation profile 157 analysis of the known patient's status dataset from Gujarat and Global is represented in Figure 6 .
    keywords: gujarat; sars
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        item: #3626 of 5187
          id: cord-324255-ize21we2
      author: Fouchier, Ron A. M.
       title: Koch's postulates fulfilled for SARS virus
        date: 2003
       words: 770
      flesch: 40
     summary: However, these were not present in SCV-inoculated macaques (results not shown), were not found consistently in SARS patients, and do not usually cause the lesions associated with SARS. Moreover, of 96 individuals complying with the World Health Organization's definition of SARS 6 in Hong Kong, 86 (90%) yielded laboratory evidence of SCV infection.
    keywords: disease; sars; scv
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        item: #3627 of 5187
          id: cord-324265-j3v3i8vm
      author: Marietta, Marco
       title: COVID-19, coagulopathy and venous thromboembolism: more questions than answers
        date: 2020-07-11
       words: 5042
      flesch: 32
     summary: The severity of the derangement of coagulation parameters in COVID-19 patients has been associated with a poor prognosis, and the use of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) at doses registered for prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) has been endorsed by the World Health Organization and by Several Scientific societies. This review is particularly focused on four clinical questions: What is the incidence of VTE in COVID-19 patients?
    keywords: coagulopathy; covid-19; disease; infection; lmwh; patients; prophylaxis; pts; sars; sepsis; vte
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        item: #3628 of 5187
          id: cord-324270-8rgkop42
      author: Renaud-Picard, Benjamin
       title: Delayed pulmonary abscess following COVID-19 pneumonia: a case report
        date: 2020-06-18
       words: 1188
      flesch: 37
     summary: key: cord-324270-8rgkop42 authors: Renaud-Picard, Benjamin; Gallais, Floriane; Riou, Marianne; Zouzou, Adel; Porzio, Michele; Kessler, Romain title: Delayed pulmonary abscess following COVID-19 pneumonia: a case report date: 2020-06-18 journal: Respir Med Res DOI: 10.1016/j.resmer.2020.100776 sha: doc_id: 324270 cord_uid: 8rgkop42 nan A 59-year-old woman with Grade 2 obesity and a history of iodinated contrast media allergy, but without any other known comorbidity, was admitted to the Strasbourg University Hospital for severe dyspnea with a four-day history of fatigue, myalgia, and a fever of up to 41°C. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 epidemic was first described in China 2 , bacterial and fungal superinfections after COVID-19 pneumonia have been described on multiple occasions 3, 4 .
    keywords: covid-19; patient; pneumonia; pulmonary
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        item: #3629 of 5187
          id: cord-324288-qgxswltx
      author: Padhi, Sunali
       title: Lower levels of vitamin D are associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and mortality in the Indian population: an observational study
        date: 2020-09-14
       words: 3350
      flesch: 14
     summary: Effect on Vitamin D and Calcium Metabolism Status of vitamin D and the associated host factors in pulmonary tuberculosis patients and their household contacts: A cross sectional study Peak bone mineral density of physically active healthy Indian men with adequate nutrition and no known current constraints to bone mineralization Vitamin D Status and Risk of Stroke: The Rotterdam Study Vitamin D insufficiency is associated with abdominal obesity in urban Asian Indians without diabetes in North India Prevalence and functional significance of 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency and vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms in Asian Indians Prevalence and significance of low 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in healthy subjects in Delhi Presence of 25(OH) D deficiency in a rural North Indian village despite abundant sunshine Bone mineral parameters in healthy young Indian adults with optimal vitamin D availability Effect of two different doses of oral cholecalciferol supplementation on serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D levels in healthy Indian postmenopausal women: A randomized controlled trial Vitamin D and insulin resistance in postmenopausal Indian women A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of the shortterm effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on insulin sensitivity in apparently healthy, middle-aged, centrally obese men, Diabetic medicine : a journal of the Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its relationship with thyroid autoimmunity in Asian Indians: a community-based survey Levels of 25-hydroxy Vitamin D3 and Vitamin D Receptor Polymorphism in Severe Dengue Cases from New Delhi Risk and outcome of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: vitamin D receptor polymorphisms and serum 25(OH)D, The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Relationship of levels of Vitamin D with flow-mediated dilatation of brachial artery in patients of myocardial infarction and healthy control: A casecontrol study Level of Vitamin D in hypothyroid subjects: a study on the suburban population of North-West Delhi Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the Absence of vitamin D deficiency among common outdoor workers in Delhi Independent association of severe vitamin D deficiency as a risk of acute myocardial infarction in Indians VDR polymorphism, gene expression and vitamin D levels in leprosy patients from North Indian population Profile of Vitamin D in patients attending at general hospital Mahad India Serum Magnesium and Vitamin D Levels as Indicators of Asthma Severity, Pulmonary medicine 2016 Vitamin D Deficiency in Patients With Chronic Tension-Type Headache: A Case-Control Study Vitamin D deficiency in Healthy Postmenopausal Women in Haryana Correlation of Vitamin D Levels with Pigmentation in Vitiligo Patients Treated with NBUVB Therapy Current Scenario of Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency in Ostensibly Healthy Indian Population: A Hospital Based Retrospective Study Vitamin D Status in Cold Trans-Himalayan Deserts at Altitude of 4000 meter and above in India Pattern of 25 hydroxy vitamin D status in North Indian people with newly detected type 2 diabetes: A prospective case control study Serum Vitamin D Levels and Alopecia Areata-A Hospital Based Case-Control Study from North-India Vitamin D status in apparently healthy adults in Kashmir Valley of Indian subcontinent Prevalence of vitamin d deficiency among Indian menopausal women and its correlation with diabetes: A first Indian cross sectional data Combinatorial effect of leptin, tumor necrosis factor-Αlpha, and vitamin d in progression of type 2 diabetes in kashmiri population Vitamin D(3) Level in Women with Uterine Fibroid: An Observational Study in Eastern Indian Population Vitamin D status, hypertension and ischemic stroke: a clinical perspective Serum Vitamin D(3) Levels and Diffuse Hair Fall among the Student Population in South India: A Case-Control Study Low levels of serum Vitamin D in chronic periodontitis patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A hospital-based crosssectional clinical study Tuberculosis and vitamin D deficiency Vitamin D Status In Hypertension Vitamin D Levels In Depressive Disorder Association of Vitamin D deficiency and Hypothyroidism in a tertiary teaching hospital in Kerala Comparative study of serum vitamin d levels and other biomarkers in patients attending tertiary cardiac care center Duration of casual sunlight exposure necessary for adequate Vitamin D status in Indian Men Vitamin D status and gestational diabetes mellitus Relationship of lipid parameters with bone mineral density in Indian population Low bone mass in urban Indian women above 40 years of age: prevalence and risk factors Study of bone mineral density in resident doctors working at a teaching hospital Peak bone mineral density and its determinants in an Asian Indian population Study of vitamin D levels and its correlation with insulin resistance Vitamin D as a marker of cognitive decline in elderly Indian population Vitamin D Deficiency : Highly Prevalent Among Apparently Healthy Female Adolescents In Both Urban And Rural Population Of Manipur Vitamin D status and its relationship with systemic lupus erythematosus as a determinant and outcome of disease activity Evaluation of Vitamin D Status and its Impact on Thyroid Related Parameters in New Onset Graves' Disease-A Crosssectional Observational Study Vitamin D status in adult critically ill patients in Eastern India: [136] [137] [138] Note: SARS-CoV-2 data was accessed on 16.08.2020 A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China Vitamin D and the immune system Vitamin D metabolism, mechanism of action, and clinical applications Vitamin D3: a helpful immuno-modulator Vitamin D and the anti-viral state 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations Are Lower in Patients with Positive PCR for SARS-CoV-2 Low plasma 25(OH) vitamin D level is associated with increased risk of COVID-19 infection: an Israeli population-based study Vitamin D Supplementation in COVID-19 Patients: A Clinical Case Series Low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 are associated with greater disease severity Serum calcium as a biomarker of clinical severity and prognosis in patients with coronavirus disease Vitamin D and Covid-19:
    keywords: cov-2; indian; levels; patients; population; sars; status; study; vitamin
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        item: #3630 of 5187
          id: cord-324295-9c1zxjng
      author: Bonilla-Aldana, D. Katterine
       title: Bats in Ecosystems and their Wide Spectrum of Viral Infectious Threats: SARS-CoV-2 and other emerging viruses
        date: 2020-08-20
       words: 3771
      flesch: 40
     summary: A study detected a high seroprevalence of antibodies against Marburg virus in fruit bats in South Africa, with a 19.1% seroconversion rate in recaptured bats 24 ; Another study detected MARV genome in bats captured in Zambia 25 ; and a posterior serosurvey identified filovirus-specific immunoglobulin G antibodies in 71 out of 748 serum samples collected from migratory fruit bats 26 . Multiple studies point at bats of the genus Myotis as the main reservoir for Ebola virus given that these bats carry a copy of viral gene VP35 (Table 3) Studies in Africa analyzed 4,022 blood samples from bats, detecting antibodies against Ebola virus in one genus of insectivorous bats and six species of fruit bats 29 .
    keywords: bats; encephalitis; fruit; humans; rabies; species; study; table; transmission; virus; viruses
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        item: #3631 of 5187
          id: cord-324307-2zbm4iwn
      author: Kam, Kai-qian
       title: A Well Infant With Coronavirus Disease 2019 With High Viral Load
        date: 2020-02-28
       words: 1921
      flesch: 57
     summary: As the infant had no remaining well caregivers, he was brought to KKH for clinical assessment and isolation in light of his close contact with confirmed COVID-19 cases. A nasopharyngeal specimen taken on admission and tested by rRT-PCR confirmed the diagnosis of COVID-19 infection with low cycle threshold (N gene, 15.57; Orf1ab gene, 13.73), suggesting high viral load.
    keywords: admission; coronavirus; covid-19; day; infant; sars
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        item: #3632 of 5187
          id: cord-324324-8ybfiz8f
      author: Decaro, Nicola
       title: Novel human coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2): A lesson from animal coronaviruses
        date: 2020-04-14
       words: 14950
      flesch: 34
     summary: After 2002-2003 SARS epidemic, the renovated interest in HCoVs allowed the discovery of two additional viruses, the alphacoronavirus HCoV-NL63 and the betacoronavirus HCoV-HKU1, derived from bats and rodents, respectively (Tao et al., 2017) . NL63 (Tao et al., 2017) .
    keywords: animals; avian; bats; betacoronavirus; canine; ccov; china; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; covs; disease; enteric; et al; gene; genome; genus; host; human; ibv; infection; mers; novel; origin; protein; recombination; sars; species; strains; subgenus; syndrome; viruses; wild
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        item: #3633 of 5187
          id: cord-324325-rmlrhyf2
      author: Chan, Wai S
       title: Coronaviral hypothetical and structural proteins were found in the intestinal surface enterocytes and pneumocytes of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)
        date: 2005-05-13
       words: 3741
      flesch: 37
     summary: This set of antibodies will be useful in tissue diagnosis of SARS and in future studies of the in vitro models of SARS. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) last accessed A major outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong A cluster of cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Digestive system manifestations in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Enteric involvement of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus infection Newly discovered coronavirus as the primary cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Koch's postulates fulfilled for SARS virus The genome sequence of the SARS-associated coronavirus Characterization of a novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome A novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus protein, U274, is transported to the cell surface and undergoes endocytosis Characterization of a unique group-specific protein (U122) of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Pulmonary pathological features in coronavirus associated severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) SARS-associated viral hepatitis caused by a novel coronavirus: report of three cases Persistent infection of SARS coronavirus in colonic cells in vitro Tissue and cellular tropism of the coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome: an in situ hybridization study of fatal cases Organ distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in SARS patients: implications for pathogenesis and virus transmission pathways Pneumocytes (combined, a-i, arrows) and enterocytes (b-i, arrows) infected with the viral genome (iii, arrows) were positive for SARS 3a protein (ii, arrows).
    keywords: antibodies; cells; coronavirus; cov; proteins; sars; signals; syndrome
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        item: #3634 of 5187
          id: cord-324328-olnwynfu
      author: Nakamichi, K.
       title: Outcomes associated with SARS-CoV-2 viral clades in COVID-19
        date: 2020-09-25
       words: 4636
      flesch: 44
     summary: fraction of sequence clades that have been observed globally. Addition of viral clade or sequence information did not significantly improve models for outcome prediction.
    keywords: author; clade; hospitalization; medrxiv; patients; perpetuity; preprint; review; sequence
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        item: #3635 of 5187
          id: cord-324344-dxuabscn
      author: Zhao, Xuesen
       title: LY6E Restricts the Entry of Human Coronaviruses, including the currently pandemic SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-04-05
       words: 3174
      flesch: 33
     summary: These results strongly 219 imply that LY6E modulates virus entry via a distinct mechanism. 283 Finally, the findings that LY6E inhibits human CoV entry cannot be evaded by ectopic 284 expression of membrane-associated serine protease TMPRSS2 and compromised by AmphoB 285 treatment strongly indicate that LY6E modulates virus entry via a distinct mechanism from that 286 IFITM proteins do (Figs. 7 and 8) .
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; entry; human; infection; ly6e; oc43; virus
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        item: #3636 of 5187
          id: cord-324345-j43rpvwk
      author: Leong, Hoe Nam
       title: SARS – My personal battle
        date: 2010-11-19
       words: 3112
      flesch: 68
     summary: The next day was the weekly scheduled infectious disease round in my practicing hospital, TTSH, where infectious disease physicians from the various public hospitals in Singapore would gather. It was easily 12 midnight in Singapore time when I woke up my colleague!
    keywords: day; hospital; illness; patient; sars; singapore; wife
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        item: #3637 of 5187
          id: cord-324357-ys4tqy5x
      author: None
       title: Hygiene at home: A bulwark against COVID-19 to be protect from SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-05-15
       words: 682
      flesch: 58
     summary: • avoid touching your face, nose, eyes and mouth, which can spread respiratory viruses through contaminated hands; • ventilate the housing by opening the windows for at least 20 min in the morning and evening and during houseworking. Bull Acad Natl Med DOI: 10.1016/j.banm.2020.05.020 sha: doc_id: 324357 cord_uid: ys4tqy5x nan • primarily: • by droplets emitted from the nose and mouth (splutering) when coughing, sneezing, but also when speaking, singing and screaming, • by direct contact between people: shaking hands, hugging, kissing, • secondarily through indirect contact: objects contaminated by an infected person.
    keywords: hands; sars
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        item: #3638 of 5187
          id: cord-324405-6uanhe2p
      author: Burke, Rachel M.
       title: Enhanced contact investigations for nine early travel-related cases of SARS-CoV-2 in the United States
        date: 2020-09-02
       words: 6625
      flesch: 37
     summary: The results of these investigations suggest that the risk of becoming infected with SARS--CoV-2 is high among close household contacts of confirmed COVID-19 patients, especially significant others. In response to the first cases identified in the United States, close contacts of confirmed COVID-19 cases were investigated to enable early identification and isolation of additional cases and to learn more about risk factors for transmission.
    keywords: case; case patient; contacts; cov-2; covid-19; exposure; household; patient; samples; sars; travel
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        item: #3639 of 5187
          id: cord-324480-7u5lh4jx
      author: Sharma, A.
       title: Structural stability of SARS-CoV-2 degrades with temperature
        date: 2020-10-14
       words: 1541
      flesch: 42
     summary: Therefore virus particles may be exposed to both wet and dry conditions before coming into contact with and infecting the next host. It is widely recognized that virus particles often spread after their deposition on various surfaces
    keywords: particles; sars; virus; vlps
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        item: #3640 of 5187
          id: cord-324518-a346cjx4
      author: Zhang, Zhibin
       title: The outbreak pattern of the SARS cases in Asia
        date: 2004
       words: 1937
      flesch: 46
     summary: The outbreak pattern of cumulative SARS cases is expected to be a logistic type because the infection will be slowed down due to the increasing control effort by people and/or due to depletion of susceptible individuals. (2), the maximum of cumulative SARS cases (K H ) can be roughly estimated if the outbreak pattern follows the logistic model.
    keywords: cases; model; outbreak; rate; sars
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        item: #3641 of 5187
          id: cord-324531-lpoelp91
      author: Artesi, Maria
       title: A Recurrent Mutation at Position 26340 of SARS-CoV-2 Is Associated with Failure of the E Gene Quantitative Reverse Transcription-PCR Utilized in a Commercial Dual-Target Diagnostic Assay
        date: 2020-09-22
       words: 2887
      flesch: 53
     summary: Examination of viral genomes deposited on GISAID showed this mutation has arisen independently at least four times. Viral genomes marked by GISAID as complete (Ͼ29,000 bases) and high coverage (Ͻ1% Ns, Ͻ0.05% unique amino acid mutations, and no insertion/deletions unless verified by submitter) were selected, leaving 20,386 viral genomes.
    keywords: cov-2; gene; genomes; pcr; sars; viruses
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        item: #3642 of 5187
          id: cord-324557-4u8dja0n
      author: Leblanc, Jean‐François
       title: Risk of Transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus‐2 by Transfusion: A Literature Review
        date: 2020-08-15
       words: 3049
      flesch: 41
     summary: For those studies which did not detect RNAaemia, this column shows the entire range of times when blood samples were collected. 4, 8, As correctly pointed out by Huang et al., 4 the presence of SARS-CoV-2 genomic material in the blood of asymptomatic/presymptomatic individuals or COVID-19 patients should be referred to as RNAaemia, as opposed to viremia, which refers to the presence of intact, infectious virions in blood.
    keywords: blood; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; patients; samples; sars
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        item: #3643 of 5187
          id: cord-324559-p92y5er2
      author: None
       title: cord-324559-p92y5er2
        date: None
       words: 14724
      flesch: 44
     summary: Increasing reports on human PRV infection cases in China have recently indicated that PRV poses a significant threat to public health in China, especially in people in close contact with sick pigs and/or related pork products/contaminants. 3 , 8 Here we explored a simple data-driven, Boltzmann functionbased approach for estimation only based on the daily cumulative number of confirmed cases of SARS-CoV-2 (Note: the rational for Boltzmann function-based regression analysis is presented in supporting information (SI) file).
    keywords: 2019; cases; china; colistin; control; data; disease; gene; health; human; infection; isolates; laboratory; novel; number; outbreak; patients; pcr; pertussis; pjp; pneumoniae; prv; resistance; table; time; treatment
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        item: #3644 of 5187
          id: cord-324619-y7gilopu
      author: Alam, S.B.
       title: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 may be an underappreciated pathogen of the central nervous system
        date: 2020-07-15
       words: 5255
      flesch: 28
     summary: A retrospective study from China found that COVID-19 patients over 60 years old and with neurologic comorbidities were at a higher risk of developing neurologic impairments such as impaired consciousness and cerebrovascular accidents (18). It is possible that COVID-19 patients that have experienced SARS-CoV-2 infection of the CNS via the neuromuscular junction could experience similar complications and long-term follow-up of these patients should be prioritized.
    keywords: article; brain; cells; cns; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; human; infection; patients; sars
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        item: #3645 of 5187
          id: cord-324623-x6eom6kh
      author: Zhang, Jingyi
       title: Effectiveness of Intravenous Immunoglobulin for Children with Severe COVID-19: A Rapid Review
        date: 2020-04-22
       words: 4256
      flesch: 49
     summary: One RCT showed that IVIG did not reduce mortality or the incidence of nosocomial infection in adults with severe SARS. We found one case series on IVIG in COVID-19 adults with ARDS, one case report in COVID-19 adults, one randomized controlled trial of 44 adults with severe SARS, which included 25 adults with acute lung injury (ALI) and 19 adults with ARDS), one case series involving children with SARS, and two case series also involving adults with SARS.
    keywords: author; funder; ivig; license; medrxiv; perpetuity; preprint; review; topic
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        item: #3646 of 5187
          id: cord-324638-gwd8qin6
      author: Chiu, Rossa WK
       title: Automated extraction protocol for quantification of SARS-Coronavirus RNA in serum: an evaluation study
        date: 2006-02-09
       words: 3361
      flesch: 43
     summary: WHO: Summary of probable SARS cases with onset of illness from 1 A major outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Quantitative analysis and prognostic implication of SARS coronavirus RNA in the plasma and serum of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Serial analysis of the plasma concentration of SARS coronavirus RNA in pediatric patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Effects of early corticosteroid treatment on plasma SARSassociated Coronavirus RNA concentrations in adult patients Fully automated nucleic acid extraction: MagNA Pure LC SARS molecular detection external quality assurance A new biometrical procedure for testing the equality of measurements from two different analytical methods. For serum SARS-CoV concentration at 10 5 copies/mL, the assay coefficient of variation was 47.4% for the manual RNA extraction and 51.0% when automated RNA extraction was used.
    keywords: cov; extraction; kit; protocol; rna; sars
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        item: #3647 of 5187
          id: cord-324644-sz5n7a5z
      author: Rehman, Mahin
       title: Atypical Manifestation of COVID-19-Induced Myocarditis
        date: 2020-06-18
       words: 1914
      flesch: 39
     summary: There was some concern about NSAIDs possibly exacerbating the COVID-19 disease course early on in the pandemic but the World Health Organization (WHO) released a publication addressing this and concluding that there is no evidence of severe adverse effects in COVID-19 patients treated with NSAIDs [8] . Angiography revealed normal coronaries and the patient was found to be coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) positive; he was diagnosed with COVID-19 myocarditis.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; pain; patient; sars
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        item: #3648 of 5187
          id: cord-324651-8teb5jrn
      author: Filippini, Antonio
       title: Could the Inhibition of Endo-Lysosomal Two-Pore Channels (TPCs) by the Natural Flavonoid Naringenin Represent an Option to Fight SARS-CoV-2 Infection?
        date: 2020-04-30
       words: 2054
      flesch: 29
     summary: In this context, it should be noted that the opening of TPCs induces a strong sodiumdriven depolarization in the endo-lysosomal membrane (Wang et al., 2012; Boccaccio et al., 2014; Cang et al., 2014; Lagostena et al., 2017) , which is supposed to enhance membrane fusion mechanisms (Wang et al., 2012) . Of note, Nar has been shown to ameliorate acute inflammation (Jin et al., 2017) as well as lung fibrosis , which could represent a therapeutic advantage.
    keywords: et al; naringenin; tpc2; tpcs; virus
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        item: #3649 of 5187
          id: cord-324707-9ld73wv1
      author: Mitjà, Oriol
       title: Hydroxychloroquine for Early Treatment of Adults with Mild Covid-19: A Randomized-Controlled Trial
        date: 2020-07-16
       words: 4274
      flesch: 47
     summary: While WHO has recommended a measure of viral burden in Covid-19 clinical trials, they have neither set up the optimal time for measurement nor the minimal threshold for significant reduction between arms. The added value of our study is the randomized-controlled design and the use of the agreed minimal outcome set for Covid-19 clinical trials, including RT-PCR to conclusively determine the viral burden.
    keywords: arm; covid-19; days; hcq; hydroxychloroquine; load; patients; study; symptoms; treatment; trial
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        item: #3650 of 5187
          id: cord-324727-bj8oei0v
      author: Zhang, Xiaomei
       title: Management of Digestive Disorders and Procedures Associated With COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-03
       words: 1867
      flesch: 39
     summary: Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: A descriptive study Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China Don't overlook digestive symptoms in patients with 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) Gastrointestinal symptoms and COVID-19: Case-control study from the United States Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with digestive symptoms in Hubei, China: A descriptive, cross-sectional, multicenter study Digestive symptoms in COVID-19 patients with mild disease severity: Clinical presentation, stool viral RNA testing, and outcomes Gastrointestinal symptoms of 95 cases with SARS-CoV-2 infection Manifestations of digestive system in hospitalized patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: A single-center, descriptive study Autopsy report of a dead patient with novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: Implications for virus origins and receptor binding The digestive system is a potential route of SARS-CoV-2 infection: A bioinformatics analysis based on single-cell transcriptomes Specific ACE2 expression in cholangiocytes may cause liver damage after SARS-CoV-2 infection Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: A single-centered, retrospective, observational study Putative probiotic Lactobacillus spp. Excluding drug-related diarrhea, this symptom was prevalent in 22.2% of COVID-19 patients (9) .
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; diarrhea; patients; sars; symptoms
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        item: #3651 of 5187
          id: cord-324752-t50bg7pq
      author: Lavery, Michael Joseph
       title: Cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19 in children (and adults): A virus that does not discriminate
        date: 2020-11-01
       words: 2657
      flesch: 43
     summary: In children, the dermatologic features appear to occur before or concomitantly with other COVID-19 manifestations. A preliminary review of an emerging issue Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Characterisation of COVID-19 pandemic in paediatric age group: A systematic review and meta-analysis Infectious SARS-CoV-2 in feces of patient with severe COVID-19 Pathogenesis of COVID-19 from the perspective of the damage-response framework COVID-19 -clinical management of children admitted to hospital with suspected COVID-19.
    keywords: children; cov-2; covid-19; eruption; manifestations; sars; syndrome
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        item: #3652 of 5187
          id: cord-324800-l8xl4g2a
      author: Eisenberg, Michael L.
       title: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and men’s reproductive health
        date: 2020-04-22
       words: 683
      flesch: 44
     summary: How women are affected and consequences to assisted and unassisted reproduction in the face of acute COVID-19 infection or recovery remains to be studied. Thus it appears unlikely that SARS-Cov-2 can enter into any cells in the testis (e.g. germ cells, Leydig cells, Sertoli cells, etc) as has been hypothesized.
    keywords: covid-19; sars
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        item: #3653 of 5187
          id: cord-324856-hf969tav
      author: Abir, Tanvir
       title: Factors Associated with the Perception of Risk and Knowledge of Contracting the SARS-Cov-2 among Adults in Bangladesh: Analysis of Online Surveys
        date: 2020-07-21
       words: 4147
      flesch: 47
     summary: A similar survey conducted to test the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of people in the Hubei province, China, about the COVID-19 outbreak found that higher knowledge, attitude and perception scores among residents was related to the ages and socioeconomic statuses of the respondents [22] . Compared with the early lockdown period, the results indicated that perceived risk scores for contracting COVID-19 in late lockdown period reduced significantly (adjusted coefficients (β) −0.85, 95% CI:−1.31, −0.39).
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; knowledge; lockdown; quarantine; risk; sars; study
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        item: #3654 of 5187
          id: cord-324888-oak27okj
      author: Leng, Ling
       title: Potential microenvironment of SARS-CoV-2 infection in airway epithelial cells revealed by Human Protein Atlas database analysis
        date: 2020-04-18
       words: 2819
      flesch: 38
     summary: In addition, it was reported that cytopathic effects were observed 96 h after inoculation of SARS-CoV-2 on the surface layers of human airway epithelial cells (EpCs), and a lack of cilium beating was observed after virus infection [8] . key: cord-324888-oak27okj authors: Leng, Ling; Ma, Jie; Zhang, Leike; Li, Wei; Zhao, Lei; Zhu, Yunping; Wu, Zhihong; Cao, Ruiyuan; Zhong, Wu title: Potential microenvironment of SARS-CoV-2 infection in airway epithelial cells revealed by Human Protein Atlas database analysis date: 2020-04-18 journal: bioRxiv DOI: 10.1101/2020.04.16.045799 sha: doc_id: 324888 cord_uid: oak27okj
    keywords: airway; cells; cov-2; epcs; expression; protein; sars; virus
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        item: #3655 of 5187
          id: cord-324892-mg2dziuw
      author: Carneiro, João
       title: CoV2ID: Detection and Therapeutics Oligo Database for SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-06-12
       words: 906
      flesch: 35
     summary: Detailed information on available detection protocols are also available to help laboratories implementing SARS-CoV-2 testing. Methods based on real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and sequencing are being used for virus detection and characterization.
    keywords: cov-2; database; detection; sars
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        item: #3656 of 5187
          id: cord-324902-18h0maxi
      author: Liu, Xuemei
       title: Patterns of IgG and IgM antibody response in COVID-19 patients
        date: 2020-06-09
       words: 1119
      flesch: 43
     summary: However, the difference in IgG antibody levels between mild cases and severe cases from day 15 onward was found to be statistically significant (day 15 (N = 17), day 20 (N = 6) and day 21 (N = 11), all p < 0.05). Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia (the seventh trial edition Molecular and serological investigation of 2019-nCoV infected patients: implication of multiple shedding routes Profile of specific antibodies to the SARS-associated coronavirus Temporal profiles of viral load in posterior oropharyngeal saliva samples and serum antibody responses during infection by SARS-CoV-2: an observational cohort study This work was supported by the Chongqing Special Research Project for Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Prevention and Control under Grants (No. cstc2020jscx-fyzxX0005; cstc2020jscx-fyzxX0024).
    keywords: antibody; cases; igg; igm
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        item: #3657 of 5187
          id: cord-324919-ciamusjs
      author: Scialo, Filippo
       title: ACE2: The Major Cell Entry Receptor for SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-11-10
       words: 5367
      flesch: 32
     summary: Other potential therapeutic approaches include a SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-based vaccine, a TMPRSS inhibitor to block the priming of the spike protein, and blockage of the surface ACE2 receptor by using anti-ACE2 antibody or peptides [81] . This may shed light on factors that modulate cell surface ACE2 receptor affecting viral cell entry and consequently susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
    keywords: ace2; angiotensin; binding; converting; cov-2; covid-19; expression; human; infection; protein; receptor; role; sars
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        item: #3658 of 5187
          id: cord-324926-3c5ab73l
      author: Xia, Shuai
       title: A pan-coronavirus fusion inhibitor targeting the HR1 domain of human coronavirus spike
        date: 2019-04-10
       words: 10963
      flesch: 48
     summary: To investigate the structural basis for the pan-CoV inhibitory effect of EK1 peptide, we crystallized EK1 in complex with HR1 peptides from three representative HCoVs, including the most pathogenic SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV in -HCoVs and 229E in -HCoVs, the HR1 of which is 14 amino acids longer than those of -HCoVs. The coding sequence of EK1 peptide was individually fused to the 3′ end of the HR1 domain from SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and HCoV-229E (residues 892 to 970, 984 to 1062, and 785 to 873, respectively) through a six-amino acid linker (L6: SGGRGG).
    keywords: activity; cell; coronavirus; cov; ek1; fig; fusion; hcovs; hr1; hr2; hr2p; human; infection; inhibitory; mers; mice; oc43; peptide; protein; residues; sars
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        item: #3659 of 5187
          id: cord-324938-2lu9z5b2
      author: Wu, Li-Ping
       title: Duration of Antibody Responses after Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
        date: 2007-10-17
       words: 1479
      flesch: 50
     summary: Neutralizing antibodies in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus infection Twoyear prospective study of the humoral immune response of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Longitudinal profi le of antibodies against SARS-coronavirus in SARS patients and their clinical signifi cance Longitudinal profi le of immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgM, and IgA antibodies against the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus nucleocapsid protein in patients with pneumonia due to the SARS coronavirus Longitudinal analysis of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus-specifi c antibody in SARS patients Longitudinally profi ling neutralizing antibody response to SARS coronavirus with pseudotypes Cross-neutralization of human and palm civet severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses by antibodies targeting the receptor-binding domain of spike protein We thank Zhi-Qiang Mei, Xi-Fang Zhao, Xiao-Wei Deng, and Jian-Min Ji for help with sample processing. Thus, SARS patients might be susceptible to reinfection >3 years after initial exposure.
    keywords: patients; sars; years
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        item: #3660 of 5187
          id: cord-324949-sqy03dks
      author: Poe, Francis L.
       title: N-Acetylcysteine: a potential therapeutic agent for SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-05-30
       words: 3488
      flesch: 44
     summary: In patients with HIV, oral NAC increased both whole blood glutathione levels and lymphocyte count (CD4+ and CD8+) In a randomized clinical trial, oral NAC demonstrated decreases in TNF-ɑ and no adverse reactions at 1200 mg daily, however there were no changes in computed tomography scores between those treated with NAC and the control group
    keywords: cell; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; glutathione; nac; sars; tnf
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        item: #3661 of 5187
          id: cord-324953-3sacf4wu
      author: Childs, James E.
       title: Introduction: Conceptualizing and Partitioning the Emergence Process of Zoonotic Viruses from Wildlife to Humans
        date: 2007
       words: 9017
      flesch: 21
     summary: Ignoring the intricacies of zoonotic virus transmission among wildlife H R s guarantees that solutions springing from a traditional anthropocentric disease-treatment/vaccine-preventative approach will consider a limited universe of defensive prevention targets and generate a restricted arsenal of intervention tools . The underlying feature distinguishing modifying factors (Fig. 1 , right panel) from transition stages in zoonotic virus emergence (Fig. 1, left panel) is that the former requires the substrate provided by the latter on which to act.
    keywords: chapter; disease; emergence; et al; h s; host; human; new; population; rabies; sars; species; spillover; transmission; virus; viruses; volume; zoonotic
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        item: #3662 of 5187
          id: cord-324963-zg3ghl2m
      author: Salzberger, B.
       title: COVID-19 – eine neue und vielseitige Herausforderung
        date: 2020-08-03
       words: 886
      flesch: 37
     summary: Diese Endothelitis ist vermutlich neben der Entzündungs- Nach der Entwicklung der Fallzahlen und der Erkrankungszahlen ist in Deutschland durch strikte Kontrollmaßnahmen eine erste Welle nahezu beendet. Aufgrund der engen genetischen und klinischen Verwandtschaft mit dem SARS-Coronavirus erhielt es die Bezeichnung SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: bei; covid-19; der; die; eine; ist; mit; noch; sars; sind; und; von
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        item: #3663 of 5187
          id: cord-324970-yty7aajj
      author: Ma, Di
       title: Expression of SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in human primary conjunctival and pterygium cell lines and in mouse cornea
        date: 2020-05-07
       words: 3746
      flesch: 46
     summary: In this study, we, for the first time, demonstrated ACE2 gene expression in some but not all primary human conjunctival and pterygium cells (Fig. 1a) . To determine the expressions of SARS-CoV-2 receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and type II transmembrane serine protease (TMPRSS2) genes in human and mouse ocular cells and comparison to other tissue cells.
    keywords: ace2; cells; cov-2; expression; gene; human; lung; sars; tmprss2
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        item: #3664 of 5187
          id: cord-325014-n7mnhk2v
      author: Gujski, Mariusz
       title: Prevalence of Current and Past SARS-CoV-2 Infections among Police Employees in Poland, June–July 2020
        date: 2020-10-11
       words: 4900
      flesch: 43
     summary: Participants aged ≥60 years had a higher odds of positive IgG index vs. those aged 20–29 years (OR: 3.309). Daily vaping also increased the odds of positive IgG index (OR: 2.058).
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; employees; igg; igm+iga; index; participants; police; sars; study
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        item: #3665 of 5187
          id: cord-325019-hznnoxw6
      author: Benavides-Cordoba, Vicente
       title: Drug Repositioning for COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-30
       words: 2902
      flesch: 33
     summary: COVID-19) -events as they happen Therapeutic options for the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Immune responses in COVID-19 and potential vaccines: lessons learned from SARS and MERS epidemic Challenges in early clinical development of adjuvanted vaccines Organs-on-chips at the frontiers of drug discovery Why drugs fail in clinical trials in pulmonary arterial hypertension, and strategies to succeed in the future An analysis of the attrition of drug candidates from four major pharmaceutical companies Drug repurposing: progress, challenges and recommendations Drug Repositioning: Identifying and developing new uses for existing drugs From off-label to repurposed drug in nononcological rare diseases: definition and state of the art in selected EU countries Overcoming the legal and regulatory barriers to drug repurposing Can you teach old drugs new tricks? In this review, we present a selection of drugs, of different classes and with potential activity against COVID-19, whose trials are ongoing; and as proofs of concept, double blind, add-on event-driven, would allow proposing research that generates results in less time and preserving quality criteria for drug development and approval by regulatory agencies.
    keywords: covid-19; drug; hydroxychloroquine; patients; repositioning; repurposing; treatment; trials
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        item: #3666 of 5187
          id: cord-325038-q7gxw1go
      author: Joyce, Andrew A
       title: Changes in Interventional Pain Physician Decision-Making, Practice Patterns, and Mental Health During the Early Phase of the SARS-CoV-2 Global Pandemic
        date: 2020-08-31
       words: 4522
      flesch: 39
     summary: This survey study demonstrates multiple changes in interventional pain physician practices in the early stages of the SARS-CoV-2 global pandemic. As part of our study, we evaluated how interventional pain physician practices changed with regard to patients who are at high risk for severe illness from SARS-COV-2.
    keywords: changes; pain; pandemic; physicians; practice; respondents; survey; visits; volume
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        item: #3667 of 5187
          id: cord-325045-ak7rouhb
      author: Sotgiu, Giovanni
       title: Advanced forecasting of SARS‐CoV‐2‐related deaths in Italy, Germany, Spain, and New York State
        date: 2020-05-11
       words: 726
      flesch: 29
     summary: Figure 1B illustrates the curves of the expected deaths based on daily peak after 28 and 21 days in Italy, Germany, Spain, and New York State. A number of studies tried to identify the best model to forecast SARS-Cov-2-related deaths, interpolating daily cases according to a Gaussian curve.
    keywords: deaths; sars
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        item: #3668 of 5187
          id: cord-325055-todb1d4x
      author: Rychter, Anna Maria
       title: Should patients with obesity be more afraid of COVID‐19?
        date: 2020-06-24
       words: 3273
      flesch: 39
     summary: Clin Obes Obesity increases mortality and modulates the lung metabolome during pandemic H1N1 influenza virus infection in mice Risk of COVID-19 for patients with obesity COVID 19 and the patient with obesity-the editors speak out Hospitalization rates and characteristics of patients hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed coronavirus disease 2019-COVID-NET, 14 States High prevalence of obesity in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) requiring invasive mechanical ventilation ICNARC report on COVID-19 in critical care Factors associated with hospitalization and critical illness among 4,103 patients with COVID-19 disease in New York City. The Lancet Body weight and mortality in COPD: focus on the obesity paradox Pathophysiology and management of acute respiratory distress syndrome in obese patients The effects of obesity on lung volumes and oxygenation The effects of body mass index on lung volumes Obesity and acute lung injury Effect of body mass index in acute respiratory distress syndrome High positive end-expiratory pressure is associated with improved survival in obese patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome Tracheal trauma after difficult airway management in morbidly obese patients with COVID-19 Obesity-induced adipokine imbalance impairs mouse pulmonary vascular endothelial function and primes the lung for injury Obesity and susceptibility to severe outcomes following respiratory viral infection Obesity and respiratory infections: does excess adiposity weigh down host defense? Association of body mass index with mortality in cardiovascular disease: new insights into the obesity paradox from multiple perspectives Obesity paradox in patients with hypertension and coronary artery disease Obesity phenotypes and their paradoxical association with cardiovascular diseases Are metabolically healthy obese patients also hemorheologically healthy? Metabolically healthy obesity and risk of allcause and cardiovascular disease mortality Does COVID-19 disprove the obesity paradox in ARDS?
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; disease; lung; obesity; patients; risk; sars; weight
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        item: #3669 of 5187
          id: cord-325070-583innd7
      author: Lee, Lennard Y.W.
       title: Utility of COVID-19 Screening in Cancer Patients
        date: 2020-07-24
       words: 1122
      flesch: 33
     summary: Screening for COVID-19 in asymptomatic patients with cancer in a hospital in the United Arab Emirates Temporal dynamics in viral shedding and transmissibility of COVID-19 The incubation period of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) from publicly reported confirmed cases: estimation and application COVID-19 mortality in patients with cancer on chemotherapy or other anticancer treatments: a prospective cohort study The UK Coronavirus Cancer Monitoring Project: protecting patients with cancer in the era of COVID-19 Clinical characteristics of COVID-19-infected cancer patients: a retrospective case study in three hospitals within Wuhan This project was funded through funding in kind by the University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust. Our cohort demonstrates that uptake for screening of SARS-CoV-2 through nasopharyngeal testing is high in cancer patients.
    keywords: asymptomatic; cancer; infection; patients
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        item: #3670 of 5187
          id: cord-325112-7ie23c7f
      author: Heimer, Carol A.
       title: The uses of disorder in negotiated information orders: information leveraging and changing norms in global public health governance
        date: 2018-10-04
       words: 10440
      flesch: 37
     summary: Thus it is especially information initially categorized as non‐knowledge – including suppressed data, rumour, unverified evidence, and unofficial information – that creates pressure for the renegotiation of information orders. In particular, the article suggests that it is especially information categorized initially as non-knowledge -including suppressed data, rumour, unverified evidence, and unofficial information -that creates pressure for the renegotiation of information orders.
    keywords: actors; disease; global; health; ihr; information; information order; knowledge; non; norms; order; report; sars; states; threats; treaty; world
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        item: #3671 of 5187
          id: cord-325113-sou8xyld
      author: Kuiper, Johannes W. P.
       title: Detection of SARS-CoV-2 from raw patient samples by coupled high temperature reverse transcription and amplification
        date: 2020-11-02
       words: 4980
      flesch: 43
     summary: A RNA-and DNA-reading heat-stable polymerase reverse transcribes and amplifies viral RNA Evidence of an acute SARS-CoV-2 infection depends on the detection of viral RNA species in patient samples, which necessitates reverse transcription of RNA followed by PCR amplification of the resulting DNA. When 5000 genome equivalents of the purified, in vitro transcribed viral RNA was used as a PCR template for a generic, heat-stable DNA-dependent DNA polymerase (Taq DNA polymerase)
    keywords: dna; fig; patient; pcr; polymerase; rna; samples; sars; temperature; volcano3
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        item: #3672 of 5187
          id: cord-325124-0hxan9rw
      author: Li, Chenyu
       title: Highly sensitive and full-genome interrogation of SARS-CoV-2 using multiplexed PCR enrichment followed by next-generation sequencing
        date: 2020-05-18
       words: 6147
      flesch: 47
     summary: We designed a panel of 172 pairs of multiplex PCR primers in order to increase the sensitivity of detecting SARS-CoV-2 (Fig. 1B) . Finally, the purified cDNA was dissolved in 1X TE buffer and used per multiplex PCR reaction.
    keywords: copies; coronavirus; cov-2; fig; genome; human; mutations; pcr; reads; sars; sequencing
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        item: #3673 of 5187
          id: cord-325134-z9n17z72
      author: Nolan, Brodie
       title: Recommendations for emergency departments receiving patients with vital signs absent from paramedics during COVID-19
        date: 2020-05-05
       words: 1694
      flesch: 43
     summary: During the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak in 2003, health care workers accounted for 21% of victims worldwide, and 43% of SARS patients in Toronto were health care workers. Due to their small size and potential to be suspended in the air for prolonged periods, additional precautions are required for health care workers who are exposed to AGMPs.
    keywords: care; health; workers
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        item: #3674 of 5187
          id: cord-325136-oyizfh2z
      author: Pham, Quang Thai
       title: The first 100 days of SARS-CoV-2 control in Vietnam
        date: 2020-08-01
       words: 2659
      flesch: 46
     summary: Imported cases were distinguished from those acquired domestically, with information on quarantine at or after entry to the country. Imported cases were denoted G0; and among domestically-acquired infections, those acquired directly from G0 cases were denoted as G1, others were denoted G2+.
    keywords: cases; control; cov-2; covid-19; measures; sars; vietnam
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        item: #3675 of 5187
          id: cord-325172-a8ntxnmm
      author: Yip, Ming Shum
       title: Antibody-dependent infection of human macrophages by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus
        date: 2014-05-06
       words: 5798
      flesch: 36
     summary: A first step in understanding SARS pathogenesis Quantitative mRNA expression profiling of ACE 2, a novel homologue of angiotensin converting enzyme CD209L (L-SIGN) is a receptor for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus pH-dependent entry of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus is mediated by the spike glycoprotein and enhanced by dendritic cell transfer through DC-SIGN Antibodies against trimeric S glycoprotein protect hamsters against SARS-CoV challenge despite their capacity to mediate FcgammaRII-dependent entry into B cells in vitro Anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike antibodies trigger infection of human immune cells via a pH-and cysteine protease-independent FcgammaR pathway Cleavage of the SARS coronavirus spike glycoprotein by airway proteases enhances virus entry into human bronchial epithelial cells in vitro Monoclonal antibodies to the spike protein of feline infectious peritonitis virus mediate antibody-dependent enhancement of infection of feline macrophages Mechanisms and results of the antibody-dependent enhancement of viral infections and role in the pathogenesis of coxsackievirus B-induced diseases Antibody-mediated enhancement of viral disease Antibody-dependent enhancement of viral infection: molecular mechanisms and in vivo implications Mapping epitopes of human Fc gamma RII (CDw32) with monoclonal antibodies and recombinant receptors Severe acute respiratory syndrome Writing Committee of the Second World Health Organization Consultation on Clinical Aspects of Human Infection with Avian Influenza AV An influenza A H1N1 virus revivalpandemic H1N1/09 virus Genomic characterization of a newly discovered coronavirus associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome in humans Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia Human infection with a novel avian-origin influenza A (H7N9) virus Origin and diversity of novel avian influenza A H7N9 viruses causing human infection: phylogenetic, structural, and coalescent analyses Multiple organ infection and the pathogenesis of SARS SARScoronavirus replicates in mononuclear cells of peripheral blood (PBMCs) from SARS patients SARS-coronavirus replication in human peripheral monocytes/macrophages Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus.
    keywords: ade; anti; antibody; cells; cov; covpp; human; immune; infection; macrophages; mouse; sars; serum; spike; virus
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        item: #3676 of 5187
          id: cord-325197-j1uo8qmf
      author: Crimi, Ettore
       title: Epigenetic susceptibility to severe respiratory viral infections: pathogenic and therapeutic implications: a narrative review
        date: 2020-08-20
       words: 6080
      flesch: 21
     summary: The architecture of SARS-CoV-2 transcriptome Control of viral infections by epigenetic-targeted therapy Epigenetic mechanisms of importance for drug treatment Curcumin alleviates macrophage activation and lung inflammation induced by influenza virus infection through inhibiting the NF-kB signaling pathway. key: cord-325197-j1uo8qmf authors: Crimi, Ettore; Benincasa, Giuditta; Figueroa-Marrero, Neisaliz; Galdiero, Massimiliano; Napoli, Claudio title: Epigenetic susceptibility to severe respiratory viral infections: pathogenic and therapeutic implications: a narrative review date: 2020-08-20 journal:
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; host; human; immune; infections; influenza; mechanisms; patients; response; sars; virus; viruses
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        item: #3677 of 5187
          id: cord-325213-e6i6buow
      author: Mak, Ivan Wing Chit
       title: Risk factors for chronic post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in SARS survivors
        date: 2010-09-15
       words: 4873
      flesch: 43
     summary: This study was the first to document the relationship between AVN and PTSD in SARS patients. Clinicians who are responsible for the follow-up of SARS patients should be alerted to the possible long-term psychiatric sequelae, especially PTSD.
    keywords: association; control; factors; pain; post; psychiatric; ptsd; sars; study; variables
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        item: #3678 of 5187
          id: cord-325234-skshcrh1
      author: Jin, Tingxu
       title: SARS-CoV-2 presented in the air of an intensive care unit (ICU)
        date: 2020-08-15
       words: 4279
      flesch: 41
     summary: Therefore, with an objective to test the hypothesis of airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2, it is necessary to 1) determine whether SARS-CoV-2 particles are present in the indoor air and 2) determine whether recovered patients are still shedding virus, thus providing much-needed environmental evidence for the management of COVID-19 patients during the recovery period. Therefore, our study aims to 1) determine whether SARS-CoV-2 particles are present in the indoor air, with an objective to test the hypothesis of airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2, and 2) determine whether recovered patients are still shedding SARS-CoV-2 particles, thus providing much-needed environmental evidence for the management of COVID-19 patients during the recovery period.
    keywords: air; cov-2; covid-19; patients; samples; sars; study; transmission
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        item: #3679 of 5187
          id: cord-325261-bdumhy5b
      author: Clemente, Valentino
       title: Deubiquitinating Enzymes in Coronaviruses and Possible Therapeutic Opportunities for COVID-19
        date: 2020-05-15
       words: 7830
      flesch: 38
     summary: ROS/p38 MAPK/STAT3 pathway SARS coronavirus papain-like protease up-regulates the collagen expression through non-Samd TGF-β1 signaling Proteasome Inhibition In Vivo Promotes Survival in a Lethal Murine Model of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Structure-Guided Mutagenesis Alters Deubiquitinating Activity and Attenuates Pathogenesis of a Murine Coronavirus Coronavirus Endoribonuclease and Deubiquitinating Interferon Antagonists Differentially Modulate the Host Response during Replication in Macrophages The SARS-CoV nucleocapsid protein: A protein with multifarious activities Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus open reading frame (ORF) 3b, ORF 6, and nucleocapsid proteins function as interferon antagonists Human intracellular ISG15 prevents interferon-α/β over-amplification and auto-inflammation The papain-like protease determines a virulence trait that varies among members of the SARS-coronavirus species A noncovalent class of papain-like protease/deubiquitinase inhibitors blocks SARS virus replication Structure-Based Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of a Series of Novel and Reversible Inhibitors for the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome−Coronavirus Papain-Like Protease Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus Papain-Like Novel Protease Inhibitors: Design, Synthesis, Protein-Ligand X-ray Structure and Biological Evaluation X-ray Structural and Biological Evaluation of a Series of Potent and Highly Selective Inhibitors of Human Coronavirus Papain-like Proteases Potent and selective inhibition of pathogenic viruses by engineered ubiquitin variants Animal models for SARS and MERS coronaviruses The SARS-Coronavirus papain-like protease: Structure, function and inhibition by designed antiviral compounds Identification and design of novel small molecule inhibitors against MERS-CoV papain-like protease via high-throughput screening and molecular modeling Papain-like protease (PLpro) inhibitory effects of cinnamic amides from Tribulus terrestris fruits Chalcones isolated from Angelica keiskei inhibit cysteine proteases of SARS-CoV Evaluation of polyphenols from Broussonetia papyrifera as coronavirus protease inhibitors Phenolic phytochemical displaying SARS-CoV papain-like protease inhibition from the seeds of Psoralea corylifolia Thiopurine analogues inhibit papain-like protease of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Thiopurine analogs and mycophenolic acid synergistically inhibit the papain-like protease of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Disulfiram can inhibit MERS and SARS coronavirus papain-like proteases via different modes Inhibitory effects of recombinant human cystatin C on human coronaviruses Effect of Flavonoids on Upper Respiratory Tract Infections and Immune Function: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Effective inhibition of MERS-CoV infection by resveratrol Effect of CYSTUS052 and green tea on subjective symptoms in patients with infection of the upper respiratory tract Cistus incanus (CYSTUS052) for treating patients with infection of the upper respiratory tract. Ub [6] and a study showing that inhibition of PLP protease activity results in reduced NF-kB (but not IRF3) antagonism
    keywords: activity; coronavirus; cov; dub; inhibitors; irf3; mers; papain; plp; plps; protease; response; sars
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        item: #3680 of 5187
          id: cord-325282-20l9xcmg
      author: Helal, Mohamed A.
       title: Molecular basis of the potential interaction of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein to CD147 in COVID-19 associated-lymphopenia
        date: 2020-09-16
       words: 6760
      flesch: 43
     summary: Also, CD147 protein made polar contacts to the SARS-CoV protein using the same residues, namely, Gly100, His102, and Lys191. Interestingly, CD147 receptor is expressed on red blood cells (RBCs), providing a route for malaria entry (Zhang et al., 2018) .
    keywords: binding; cd147; cells; complex; cov-2; docking; energy; et al; interaction; protein; receptor; residues; sars; simulation; spike; surface
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        item: #3681 of 5187
          id: cord-325293-nwxtyrpl
      author: Akhtar, Hubba
       title: COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection in Pregnancy: A Systematic Review
        date: 2020-07-30
       words: 3508
      flesch: 55
     summary: COVID-19 infection in pregnancy leads to increased risk in pregnancy complications such as preterm birth, PPROM, and may possibly lead to maternal death in rare cases. One study reported COVID-19 infection in a neonate 36 h after birth [14] .
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; infection; sars; studies
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        item: #3682 of 5187
          id: cord-325320-v9e2axf4
      author: Vigil‐De Gracia, P.
       title: Pregnancies recovered from SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in the second and third trimesters: obstetric evolution
        date: 2020-09-30
       words: 812
      flesch: 43
     summary: We have learned that the possibility of maternal complication, hospitalization, admission to intensive care unit and ventilation is greater in pregnant women with COVID-19. More research is needed with pregnant patients recovered from COVID-19 and these studies should involve the analysis of placentas according to the recovery time, in order to obtain more information that allows us to follow up and make appropriate suggestions to these patients.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; sars
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        item: #3683 of 5187
          id: cord-325324-kh2aal5n
      author: Teng, Shaolei
       title: ACE2 Enhance Viral Infection or Viral Infection Aggravate the Underlying Diseases
        date: 2020-08-06
       words: 4412
      flesch: 40
     summary: -Authors' reply Are patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus at increased risk for COVID-19 infection? Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors improve the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients with hypertension Neprilysin inhibitor-angiotensin II receptor blocker combination (sacubitril/valsartan): rationale for adoption in SARS-CoV-2 patients Angiotensin receptor blockers as tentative SARS-CoV-2 therapeutics Hypertension, the renin-angiotensin system, and the risk of lower respiratory tract infections and lung injury: implications for COVID-19 Sound Science before Quick Judgement Regarding RAS Blockade in COVID-19 Renin-Angiotensin System Blockers and the COVID-19 Pandemic: At Present There Is No Evidence to Abandon Renin-Angiotensin System Blockers Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus. Physiological Effects in the Cardiovascular System Increased angiotensin-(1-7)-forming activity in failing human heart ventricles: evidence for upregulation of the angiotensin-converting enzyme Homologue ACE2 A crucial role of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in SARS coronavirus-induced lung injury Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 and Angiotensin (1-7) axis in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Ang II (Angiotensin II) Conversion to Angiotensin-(1-7) in the Circulation Is POP (Prolyloligopeptidase)-Dependent and ACE2 (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2)-Independent Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus Structure of SARS coronavirus spike receptorbinding domain complexed with receptor Human coronavirus NL63 employs the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus receptor for cellular entry Understanding Human Coronavirus HCoV-NL63 Receptor Recognition by the Novel Coronavirus from Wuhan: an Analysis Based on Decade-Long Structural Studies of SARS Coronavirus Structure, Function, and Antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor Structural and Functional Basis of SARS-CoV-2 Entry by Using Human ACE2 Structural basis for the recognition of SARS-CoV-2 by full-length human ACE2 The impact of mutations in SARS-CoV-2 spike on viral infectivity and antigenicity Enhanced receptor binding of SARS-CoV-2 through networks of hydrogen-bonding and hydrophobic interactions Key residues of the receptor binding motif in the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 that interact with ACE2 and neutralizing antibodies Association of ACE2 genetic polymorphisms with hypertension-related target organ damages in south Xinjiang ACE2 gene polymorphism and essential hypertension: an updated meta-analysis involving 11,051 subjects Updated understanding of the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in Wuhan Covid-19: death rate is 0.66% and increases with age, study estimates Estimates of the severity of coronavirus disease 2019: a model-based analysis Protecting older people from COVID-19: should the United Kingdom start at age 60? Estimating the infection and case fatality ratio for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) using ageadjusted data from the outbreak on the Diamond Princess cruise ship Biomarkers of biological age as predictors of COVID-19 disease severity Human aminopeptidase N is a receptor for human coronavirus 229E Structural and functional analysis of the surface protein of human coronavirus OC43 Receptor and viral determinants of SARS-coronavirus adaptation to human ACE2 Receptor usage and cell entry of bat coronavirus HKU4 provide insight into bat-to-human transmission of MERS coronavirus Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 is a functional receptor for the emerging human coronavirus-EMC
    keywords: ace2; angiotensin; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; human; patients; protein; sars; spike; viral
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        item: #3684 of 5187
          id: cord-325348-yi6yu5l1
      author: Zhang, G.
       title: Investigation of ACE2 N-terminal fragments binding to SARS-CoV-2 Spike RBD
        date: 2020-06-17
       words: 2705
      flesch: 42
     summary: SBP1 does not compete with biotinylated ACE2 binding to Sino Biological insect-derived 134 Using a competition-format BLI assay, we confirmed that soluble human ACE2 protein 136 could compete with immobilized biotinylated ACE2 (AcroBiosystems) for binding Sino Biological 137 insect-derived SARS-CoV-2-RBD, and that a 5-fold excess of soluble ACE2 (relative to 138 immobilized biotinylated ACE2) abolished nearly all of the initial ACE2/RBD binding interaction 139 ( Fig. 3B, 3D ). 353 354 Structure of SARS coronavirus spike receptor-binding 356 domain complexed with receptor Receptor and viral 359 determinants of SARS-coronavirus adaptation to human ACE2 Lethal infection of 362 K18-hACE2 mice infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Retroviruses pseudotyped with the severe acute respiratory 366 syndrome coronavirus spike protein efficiently infect cells expressing angiotensin-converting 367 enzyme 2 SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry 370 Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor Structure, Function, 373 and Antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation Structural basis for the recognition of the 378 SARS-CoV-2 by full-length human ACE2 Features of protein-protein interactions that translate into potent 380 inhibitors: topology, surface area and affinity mRNA display: from basic principles to macrocycle 382 drug discovery Identification of critical determinants on ACE2 for 384 SARS-CoV entry and development of a potent entry inhibitor A pan-coronavirus fusion inhibitor targeting the HR1 domain of human 387 coronavirus spike Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 (previously 2019-nCoV) infection by a 389 highly potent pan-coronavirus fusion inhibitor targeting its spike protein that harbors a high 390 capacity to mediate membrane fusion An engineered stable mini-protein to plug 392 SARS-Cov-2 Spikes Synthesis of proteins by automated flow chemistry A fully automated flow-based approach for accelerated peptide synthesis Peptide-based inhibitors of protein-protein interactions Enfuvirtide, an HIV-1 fusion inhibitor Receptor recognition by novel coronavirus 405 from Wuhan: An analysis based on decade-long structural studies of SARS Site-specific glycan analysis of 408 the SARS-CoV-2 spike In-solution enrichment 410 identifies peptide inhibitors of protein-protein interactions
    keywords: ace2; binding; cov-2; protein; rbd; sars; sbp1
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        item: #3685 of 5187
          id: cord-325377-g68onkjt
      author: Dey, Anusree
       title: COVID-19: Scientific Overview of the global Pandemic
        date: 2020-10-28
       words: 1518
      flesch: 45
     summary: A novel coronavirus from 290 patients with pneumonia in China Evolutionary Trajectory for the Emergence of 292 Novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 A pneumonia outbreak 294 associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin COVID-19 Disease due to 296 SARS-CoV-2 (Novel Coronavirus) Clinical Characteristics 302 and Differential Clinical Diagnosis of Novel Coronavirus Disease Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Stroke: Clinical Manifestations and Pathophysiological Comorbidity and its 309 impact on 1590 patients with COVID-19 in China: a nationwide analysis COVID-19) From Publicly Reported Confirmed 313 Cases: Estimation and Application Evidence Supporting Transmission of Severe 315 Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 While Presymptomatic or Asymptomatic Receptor Recognition by the Novel 318 Coronavirus from Wuhan: an Analysis Based on Decade-Long Structural Studies of 319 SARS Coronavirus COVID-19 infection: Origin The trinity of COVID-19: 323 immunity, inflammation and intervention Viral and host factors related to the 325 clinical outcome of COVID-19 Geographic and Genomic Distribution of SARS-CoV-2 An interpretable 329 mortality prediction model for COVID-19 patients Large 331 scale genomic analysis of 3067 SARS-CoV-2 genomes reveals a clonal geo-332 distribution and a rich genetic variations of hotspots mutations Cas12-based detection of SARS-CoV-2 Laboratory diagnosis of COVID-336 19: current issues and challenges Development and clinical application 338 of a rapid IgM IgG combined antibody test for SARS CoV 2 infection diagnosis Drug targets for 341 corona virus: According to the global data as well as the early estimates from China, both old 69 J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f age and comorbidities may render the patients at higher risk of developing severe disease or 70 death due to COVID-19 infection, perhaps due to a weaker immune functioning [8, 10] .
    keywords: coronavirus; disease; sars
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        item: #3686 of 5187
          id: cord-325419-15vm22d8
      author: Dai, C. L.
       title: Characteristics and Factors Associated with COVID-19 Infection, Hospitalization, and Mortality Across Race and Ethnicity
        date: 2020-10-15
       words: 4235
      flesch: 42
     summary: Hispanic patients in particular represented 40.5% and 39.8% of SARS-CoV-2 infected and hospitalized COVID-19 patients, respectively, despite making up only 12.8% of tested patients, a pattern consistent with state-level data. Additionally, relative to White patients, Hispanic patients had higher prevalence of obesity; Asian patients had higher prevalence of hypertension and diabetes; Black patients had higher prevalence of both asthma and hypertension; and NH/PI and AI/NH patients had greater proportions of obesity and kidney disease.
    keywords: age; cov-2; covid-19; ethnicity; patients; preprint; race; white
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        item: #3687 of 5187
          id: cord-325420-e9fjo7tl
      author: Xiao, Xia
       title: Identification of potent and safe antiviral therapeutic candidates against SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-07-06
       words: 1284
      flesch: 52
     summary: These compounds also belong to a wide variety of 127 classes including cardiac glycosides, anti-malarial drug hydroxychloroquine, cyclooxygenase-2 128 inhibitors and ion channel blockers, among others. 165 Toxicity is one of the limiting factors in the therapeutic application of many drugs despite their 166 known antiviral activities.
    keywords: compounds; cov-2; drugs; sars
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        item: #3688 of 5187
          id: cord-325421-1ysn0kyr
      author: Christensen, Johanna
       title: Covid-19 Viremia, Serologies and Clinical Course in a Case Series of Transplant Recipients
        date: 2020-09-03
       words: 2551
      flesch: 48
     summary: The many faces of the anti-COVID immune response Temporal profiles of viral load in posterior oropharyngeal saliva samples and serum antibody responses during infection by SARS-CoV-2: an observational cohort study Early detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in COVID-19 patients as a serologic marker of infection Validation of a Clinical-Grade Assay to Measure Donor-Derived Cell-Free DNA in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster COVID-19 Testing: The Threat of False-Negative Results Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pneumonia in Immunosuppressed Renal Transplant Recipients: Patients Anti-SARS-CoV-2 virus antibody levels in convalescent plasma of six donors who have recovered from COVID-19 Treatment with convalescent plasma for COVID-19 patients in Wuhan Convalescent plasma: A possible treatment of COVID-19 in India Endothelial cell infection and endotheliitis in COVID-19 Digital droplet PCR for rapid quantification of donor DNA in the circulation of transplant recipients as a potential universal biomarker of graft injury Graft-derived cell-free DNA as an early organ integrity biomarker after transplantation of a marginal HELLP syndrome donor liver Johanna Christensen:
    keywords: covid-19; patients; sars; time; transplant
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        item: #3689 of 5187
          id: cord-325449-fl6ob5ja
      author: Wang, Jing
       title: COVID-19 and diabetes: the contributions of hyperglycemia
        date: 2020-10-01
       words: 3433
      flesch: 32
     summary: It is reported that ARDS is the major cause for mortality of COVID-19 patients, which is more prevalent in COVID-19 patients with pre-existing diabetes (Guan et al., 2020) . A great amount of data worldwide reveal that COVID-19 patients with hyperglycemia or T2DM have a greatly enhanced release of inflammatory cytokines or the cytokine storm syndrome, which leads to immunosuppression and multi-organ failure (Ye et al., 2020) , providing further evidence on a potential link between T2DM and COVID-19 due to inflammation and immune deficiency.
    keywords: covid-19; diabetes; et al; infection; patients; sars
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        item: #3690 of 5187
          id: cord-325452-2sywbgje
      author: Sun, Pengfei
       title: Understanding of COVID‐19 based on current evidence
        date: 2020-03-05
       words: 974
      flesch: 48
     summary: Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus: The species and its viruses-a statement of the coronavirus study group National Health Commission's briefing on the pneumonia epidemic situation Emerging coronaviruses: genome structure, replication, and pathogenesis A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia Homologous recombination within the spike glycoprotein of the newly identified coronavirus may boost cross-species transmission from snake to human The 2019-new coronavirus epidemic: evidence for virus evolution Genomic characterization of the 2019 novel human-pathogenic coronavirus isolated from a patient with atypical pneumonia after visiting Wuhan The continuing 2019-nCoV epidemic threat of novel coronaviruses to global health-the latest 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China Updated understanding of the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in Wuhan Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Real-time tentative assessment of the epidemiological characteristics of novel coronavirus infections in Wuhan, China, as at 22 Single-cell RNA expression profiling of ACE2, the putative receptor of Wuhan 2019-nCov Cryo-EM structure of the SARS-CoV-2 spike in the prefusion conformation Clinical characteristics of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in China First case of 2019 novel coronavirus in the United States Drug treatment options for the 2019-new coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Epidemiological and clinical features of the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in China the role of super-spreaders in infectious disease Transmission of 2019-nCoV infection from an asymptomatic contact in Germany Viral infection increases the risk of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a meta-analysis Understanding of COVID-19 based on current evidence The authors acknowledge TopEdit LLC for linguistic editing and proofreading during the preparation of this manuscript. On 11 February 2020, the WHO officially named the disease caused by the 2019‐nCoV as coronavirus disease (COVID‐19).
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; sars
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        item: #3691 of 5187
          id: cord-325460-4fhegc0z
      author: Jacobs, Werner
       title: Fatal lymphocytic cardiac damage in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19): autopsy reveals a ferroptosis signature
        date: 2020-09-22
       words: 3993
      flesch: 34
     summary: In view of the marked inflammation seen in COVID-19 patients and the apparently very poor prognosis of cardiac failure in young patients, myocarditis rather than ischaemic cardiogenic shock has been proposed as the underlying mechanism in some cases of COVID-19 related cardiac injury; nevertheless, there is little published data about the underlying pathologic mechanisms that might cause this type of cardiac failure to occur in COVID-19 patients. We also report on multiple peripheral pulmonary arterial microemboli in both lungs ( Figure 3 , insert), which might reflect the procoagulant profile as well as microangiopathy seen in COVID-19 patients making them prone to thromboembolic complications in large as well as small alveolar capillary vessels.
    keywords: covid-19; death; e06; ferroptosis; lymphocytes; myocarditis; patient; renal; sars; tissue
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        item: #3692 of 5187
          id: cord-325473-hrdanbn1
      author: Ghahremanpour, Mohammad M.
       title: Identification of 14 Known Drugs as Inhibitors of the Main Protease of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-08-28
       words: 2920
      flesch: 49
     summary: Remarkably, fourteen of the drugs at 100 μM decreased M pro activity (100 nM), as shown in Figure 5 and Table 2 . Five drugs decreased M pro activity to below 40%.
    keywords: compounds; cov-2; covid-19; docking; drug; inhibitors; protease; sars
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        item: #3693 of 5187
          id: cord-325479-2r4oomdp
      author: Torii, Shotaro
       title: Applicability of polyethylene glycol precipitation followed by acid guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA from municipal wastewater
        date: 2020-10-17
       words: 5906
      flesch: 47
     summary: Katayama Hiroyuki: Resources, Project administration, Funding Acquisition, Supervision, Writing -review & editing First confirmed detection of SARS-CoV-2 in untreated wastewater in Australia: A Comparison of virus concentration methods for the RT-qPCR-based recovery of murine hepatitis virus The MIQE Guidelines : Minimum Information for Publication of Quantitative Real-Time PCR Experiments Inactivation of an Enveloped Surrogate Virus in Human Sewage Evaluation of eluents for the recovery of an enveloped virus from hands by whole-hand sampling CDC 2019-Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Real-Time RT-PCR Diagnostic Panel Single-step method of RNA isolation by acid guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction An optimized method to detect influenza virus and human rhinovirus from exhaled breath and the airborne environment Evaluation of Filters for the Sampling and Quantification of RNA Phage Aerosols Southeastern Virginia using wastewater-based epidemiology Development of a novel method for simultaneous concentration of viruses and protozoa from a single water sample A review on recent progress in the detection methods and prevalence of human enteric viruses in water First environmental surveillance for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater and river water in Japan Identification of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater in Japan by multiple molecular assays-implication for wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) Validation of Internal Controls for Extraction and Amplification of Nucleic Acids from Enteric Viruses in Water Samples Temporal dynamics of norovirus determined through monitoring of municipal wastewater by pyrosequencing and virological surveillance of gastroenteritis cases SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater: State of the knowledge and research needs Use of Murine Norovirus as a Novel Surrogate to Evaluate Resistance of Human Norovirus to Free Chlorine Disinfection in Drinking Water Supply System in India through detection of genetic material of SARS-CoV-2 First detection of SARS-CoV-2 in untreated wastewaters in Italy Minimized virus binding for tests of barrier materials Presence of SARS-Coronavirus-2 RNA in Sewage and Correlation with Reported COVID-19 Prevalence in the Early Stage of the Epidemic in The Netherlands Sensitive and specific quantitative detection of rotavirus A by one-step real-time reverse transcription-PCR assay without antecedent double-stranded-RNA denaturation Wastewater-Based Epidemiology Can Overcome Representativeness and Stigma Issues Related to COVID-19 R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater anticipated COVID-19 occurrence in a low prevalence area Concentration methods for the quantification of coronavirus and other potentially pandemic enveloped virus from wastewater First detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater in North America: A study in Louisiana Elution Is a Critical Step for Recovering Human Adenovirus 40 from Tap Water and Surface Water by Cross-Flow Ultrafiltration Development of Genetic Diagnostic Methods for Novel Coronavirus 2019 (nCoV-2019) in Japan Cross-platform evaluation of commercial real-time reverse transcription PCR master mix kits using a quantitative 5′nuclease assay for Ebola virus Impact of repeated pressurization on virus removal by reverse osmosis membranes for household water treatment Viral multiplex quantitative PCR assays for tracking sources of fecal contamination Virological assessment of hospitalized patients with COVID-2019 SARS-CoV-2 Titers in Wastewater Are Higher than Expected from Clinically Confirmed Cases Survivability, Partitioning, and Recovery of Enveloped Viruses in Untreated Municipal Wastewater Shotaro Torii: Investigation, Resources, Funding Acquisition Writing -review & editing. The comparison of virus concentrations between concentrated samples and control allows for the evaluation of the whole process recovery ratio as described below. where C obs_WPC indicates the cDNA concentration of WPC in concentrated samples (copies/mL), C ini_WPC indicates the cDNA concentration of WPC in the control sample (copies/mL), x the concentration factor during the whole process (primary concentration, RNA extraction, and RT), C obs_MPC indicates the cDNA concentration of MPC in concentrated samples (copies/mL), C ini_MPC indicates the cDNA concentration of MPC in the control sample (copies/mL) and ALOD indicates the assay limit of detection defined as the minimum copy number with a 95% probability detection (copies/mL).
    keywords: concentration; cov-2; process; recovery; rna; sars; sewage
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        item: #3694 of 5187
          id: cord-325481-uzch2hwd
      author: Simmons, Graham
       title: Different host cell proteases activate the SARS-coronavirus spike-protein for cell-cell and virus-cell fusion
        date: 2011-05-01
       words: 7159
      flesch: 38
     summary: The processing of SARS-S by cellular proteases might determine route and efficiency of viral entry into target cells and might have important consequences for development of preventive and therapeutic strategies (Belouzard et al., 2009; Simmons et al., 2005; Watanabe et al., 2008) . In addition, the insertion of a furin consensus motif at this site increased SARS-S activity in a cell-cell fusion assay (Belouzard et al., 2009 ) and, as documented by an independent study, allowed cathepsin-independent infectious entry into target cells (Watanabe et al., 2008) .
    keywords: activation; cell; cell fusion; cleavage; coronavirus; entry; et al; furin; fusion; protein; sars; trypsin; virus
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        item: #3695 of 5187
          id: cord-325498-4yciuh1n
      author: Del Brutto, Oscar H.
       title: Incident SARS-CoV-2 Infection and a Shared Latrine
        date: 2020-07-22
       words: 651
      flesch: 46
     summary: Here, we present a cluster of incident cases of SARS-CoV-2 involving a woman who lived alone (house A), and a five-member family (house B) who were seronegative during the first survey. Behind house A, house B shows four seroconverted family members (green dots) and the one that remained seronegative (white dot).
    keywords: cov-2; house
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        item: #3696 of 5187
          id: cord-325529-pid58g2r
      author: Ben-Ami, Roni
       title: Large-scale implementation of pooled RNA extraction and RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 detection
        date: 2020-06-23
       words: 2830
      flesch: 45
     summary: Here we describe and demonstrate practical pooling solutions that save time and reagents by performing RNA extraction and RT-PCR on pooled samples. Alternatively, it is possible to dynamically adapt pooling sizes, when the measured rate of positive samples is different than expected.
    keywords: covid-19; pooling; rna; samples; sars; testing
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        item: #3697 of 5187
          id: cord-325559-di8lljoi
      author: Cappello, Francesco
       title: Does SARS-CoV-2 Trigger Stress-Induced Autoimmunity by Molecular Mimicry? A Hypothesis
        date: 2020-06-29
       words: 5212
      flesch: 36
     summary: By resorting to previously known information on genome sequences and protein structures and functions as well, bioinformaticians have been successfully assisting virologists by structurally characterizing proteins of the novel virus, determining the evolutionary trajectories, identifying interactions with host proteins, and providing other important biological insights. Alphavirus Sequence alignment of structural polyproteins belonging to arthritogenic alphaviruses revealed conserved regions which share homology with human proteins implicated in rheumatoid arthritis.
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; human; immune; mimicry; patients; proteins; sars; virus
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        item: #3698 of 5187
          id: cord-325593-ww2vq3n4
      author: Hendren, Nicholas S.
       title: Unique Patterns of Cardiovascular Involvement in COVID-19
        date: 2020-05-14
       words: 1300
      flesch: 25
     summary: ACovCS with cardiac predominate disease may be more apparent at hospital presentation relative to mixed cardiopulmonary disease because the predominate cardiac manifestations (e.g. chest pain due to a myocardial infarction) often results in symptoms which lead patients to seek emergent care. Furthermore, in the minority of patients with COVID-19 who develop shock, patients with cardiac predominate disease would be anticipated to develop cardiogenic rather than distributive shock.
    keywords: cardiac; covid-19; disease; patients
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        item: #3699 of 5187
          id: cord-325595-y9ae6zbr
      author: Montopoli, M.
       title: Genetic and hormonal influence on SARS-CoV-2-infection susceptibility: Re: The potential influence of human Y-chromosome haplogroup on COVID-19 prevalence and mortality
        date: 2020-10-23
       words: 1254
      flesch: 36
     summary: Another study, however, showed that ADT decreased TMPRSS2 transcripts in murine lungs, though the same study showed that TMPRSS2 lung expression is not reduced following castration. In addition, recent studies showed no differences in TMPRSS2 mRNA lung expression in men versus women 4 or male versus female mice, 4,5 further supporting a lack of androgen control of TMPRSS2 expression in the lung or of a role for TMPRSS2 in mediating the increased SARS-CoV-2 incidence in men.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; sars; tmprss2
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        item: #3700 of 5187
          id: cord-325598-gy809ee0
      author: Lyne, Cloutier
       title: Asymptomatic carriers of COVID-19 in a confined adult community population in Quebec: a cross-sectional study
        date: 2020-08-21
       words: 1486
      flesch: 46
     summary: Since public health focuses on symptomatic cases, it is urgent to determine if asymptomatic cases contribute to transmission and to elucidate the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 in distinct populations. key: cord-325598-gy809ee0 authors: Lyne, Cloutier; Natacha, Merindol; Geneviève, Pépin; Caroline, Marcoux-Huard; Pier-Alexandre, Vasil; Claudia, Houle; Shweta, Todkar; Marie-Claude, Lehoux; Nathalie, Houle; Hugo, Germain; Alexis, Danylo title: Asymptomatic carriers of COVID-19 in a confined adult community population in Quebec: a cross-sectional study date: 2020-08-21 journal: Am J Infect Control DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2020.08.015 sha: doc_id: 325598 cord_uid: gy809ee0 Several countries have undertaken social distancing measures to stop SARS-CoV-2’ spread.
    keywords: asymptomatic; carriers; sars; study
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        item: #3701 of 5187
          id: cord-325609-n6dpac6i
      author: Dawson, Kathryn L.
       title: Acute increase in deaths among adult congenital heart disease patients during COVID-19 - single center experience.
        date: 2020-06-13
       words: 1518
      flesch: 43
     summary: key: cord-325609-n6dpac6i authors: Dawson, Kathryn L.; Vincent, Logan L.; Krieger, Eric V.; Stout, Karen K.; Buber, Jonathan title: Acute increase in deaths among adult congenital heart disease patients during COVID-19 - single center experience. In this report, we describe 4 cases of unexpected deaths that occurred within a short time period in adult congenital heart disease patients without warning symptoms.
    keywords: achd; care; disease; patients; sars
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        item: #3702 of 5187
          id: cord-325614-e9hnhzfg
      author: Todorov, German
       title: A Possible Path towards Rapid Development of Live-Attenuated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines: Plunging into the Natural Pool
        date: 2020-10-14
       words: 3125
      flesch: 33
     summary: The importance of naturally attenuated SARS-CoV-2in the fight against COVID-19 Jenner and the history of smallpox and vaccination Early clinical pathologists: Edward Jenner (1749-1823) Pioneering figures in medicine: Albert Bruce Sabin-inventor of the oral polio vaccine Albert Sabin and the Coalition to Eliminate Polio from the Americas Humoral Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2 in Iceland Broad and strong memory CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells induced by SARS-CoV-2 in UK convalescent individuals following COVID-19 Sola, I. Molecular Basis of Coronavirus Virulence and Vaccine Development Recombinant Receptor Binding Domain Protein Induces Partial Protective Immunity in Rhesus Macaques Against Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Challenge Recombinant vector vaccine evolution Sublingual immunization with recombinant adenovirus encoding SARS-CoV spike protein induces systemic and mucosal immunity without redirection of the virus to the brain Immunogenicity of an adenoviral-based Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus vaccine in BALB/c mice Systemic and mucosal immunity in mice elicited by a single immunization with human adenovirus type 5 or 41 vector-based vaccines carrying the spike protein of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Immunogenicity and protective efficacy in mice and hamsters of a beta-propiolactone inactivated whole virus SARS-CoV vaccine A double-inactivated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus vaccine provides incomplete protection in mice and induces increased eosinophilic proinflammatory pulmonary response upon challenge Immunization with SARS coronavirus vaccines leads to pulmonary immunopathology on challenge with the SARS virus Effects of Toll-like receptor stimulation on eosinophilic infiltration in lungs of BALB/c mice immunized with UV-inactivated severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus vaccine Inactivated SARS-CoV vaccine prepared from whole virus induces a high level of neutralizing antibodies in BALB/c mice Development of an inactivated vaccine candidate for SARS-CoV-2 Development of an Inactivated Vaccine Candidate, BBIBP-CorV, with Potent Protection against SARS-CoV-2 attenuated coronavirus vaccines through the directed deletion of group-specific genes provide protection against feline infectious peritonitis Apparently, in many cases, attenuated virus strains tends to be transmitted less easily (as they tend to reproduce more slowly, be shed less, etc) than the corresponding non-attenuated strains.
    keywords: development; individuals; live; sars; strains; vaccines; virus
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        item: #3703 of 5187
          id: cord-325657-s2vdazq0
      author: Huang, Yan-Jang S.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 failure to infect or replicate in mosquitoes: an extreme challenge
        date: 2020-07-17
       words: 1592
      flesch: 37
     summary: By analyzing samples using in vitro cultivation, rather than using molecular approaches, we focused specifically on detection of infectious virus rather than on RNA. Infectious viruses were recovered from 13/15 mosquitoes collected within two hours of inoculation.
    keywords: aedes; aegypti; cov-2; mosquitoes; sars; virus
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        item: #3704 of 5187
          id: cord-325669-6kjlcakt
      author: Fogacci, Silvia
       title: Management of pregnancy-related hypertensive disorders in patients infected with SARS CoV-2: pharmacological and clinical issues
        date: 2020-09-10
       words: 3376
      flesch: 31
     summary: In clinical practice, methyldopa is often prescribed to women affected by systemic lupus erythematosus treated with hydroxychloroquine to prevent flares [32] ., The coadministration of methyldopa and hydroxychloroquine is considered to be safe in hypertensive pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2. There are no no contraindications to combined treatment in hypertensive pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2 [50] .
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; evidence; hypertension; infection; pregnancy; sars; women
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        item: #3705 of 5187
          id: cord-325744-i3r3ff3t
      author: Chan, Angelina O. M.
       title: Psychological impact of the 2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome outbreak on health care workers in a medium size regional general hospital in Singapore
        date: 2004-05-17
       words: 3261
      flesch: 52
     summary: [6] highlighted the emotional effects on health care workers whenever other health care workers were admitted with an unclear infection and the strong emotional identification with these colleagues who later became patients. Many health care workers in Singapore had friends and/or family who were also health care workers.
    keywords: care; doctors; health; sars; workers
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        item: #3706 of 5187
          id: cord-325783-pqonn0as
      author: Nicholls, John M
       title: Lung pathology of fatal severe acute respiratory syndrome
        date: 2003-05-24
       words: 4029
      flesch: 44
     summary: The histological changes of uncomplicated viral pneumonias are rarely described, and reports tend to be derived from post-mortem examination of patients who succumb to the pneumonia; thus, they may not be representative of the majority of pneumonia patients, who survive. key: cord-325783-pqonn0as authors: Nicholls, John M; Poon, Leo LM; Lee, Kam C; Ng, Wai F; Lai, Sik T; Leung, Chung Y; Chu, Chung M; Hui, Pak K; Mak, Kong L; Lim, Wilna; Yan, Kin W; Chan, Kwok H; Tsang, Ngai C; Guan, Yi; Yuen, Kwok Y; Malik Peiris, JS title: Lung pathology of fatal severe acute respiratory syndrome date: 2003-05-24 journal: Lancet DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(03)13413-7 sha: doc_id: 325783 cord_uid: pqonn0as BACKGROUND: Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a novel infectious disease with global impact.
    keywords: coronavirus; disease; influenza; lung; march; patients; pneumonia; sars; syndrome
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        item: #3707 of 5187
          id: cord-325830-mrtpihc7
      author: Nelson, Philipp P.
       title: Current and Future Point-of-Care Tests for Emerging and New Respiratory Viruses and Future Perspectives
        date: 2020-04-29
       words: 4979
      flesch: 29
     summary: In the last 20 years, in addition to the emergence of novel influenza and coronaviruses, advances in molecular detection methods have led to the discovery of new respiratory viruses already circulating worldwide (Jartti et al., 2012) . FDA-2014-N-0440 A previously undescribed coronavirus associated with respiratory disease in humans Aetiology: koch's postulates fulfilled for SARS virus Nucleic acid amplification tests for detection of respiratory viruses Identification of a novel polyomavirus from patients with acute respiratory tract infections Assay Manual GMR biosensor arrays: a system perspective Initial performance evaluation of a spotted array mobile analysis platform (MAP) for the detection of influenza A/B, RSV, and MERS coronavirus Appropriate antibiotic use for acute respiratory tract infection in adults: advice for high-value care from the american college of physicians and the centers for disease control and prevention Human metapneumovirus in haematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients: a case series and review of the diagnostic and therapeutic approach Multiplex PCR system for the rapid diagnosis of respiratory virus infection: systematic review and meta-analysis A rapid and specific assay for the detection of MERS-CoV Disposable autonomous device for swab-to-result diagnosis of influenza Estimates of global seasonal influenzaassociated respiratory mortality: a modelling study New respiratory viral infections Avian influenza a viruses: evolution and zoonotic infection An isothermal, label-free, and rapid one-step RNA amplification/detection assay for diagnosis of respiratory viral infections An electrochemical immunosensor for the corona virus associated with the middle east respiratory syndrome using an array of gold nanoparticle-modified carbon electrodes Recent advances in AIV biosensors composed of nanobio hybrid material A diverse group of previously unrecognized human rhinoviruses are common causes of respiratory illnesses in infants Poly-silicon nanowire field-effect transistor for ultrasensitive and labelfree detection of pathogenic avian influenza DNA Cepheid assays Detect a Broad Range of Contemporary Human and Avian Influenza strains Diagnostics for the developing world Development and validation of a one-step real-time PCR assay for simultaneous detection of subtype H5, H7, and H9 avian influenza viruses High prevalence of antibodies against polyomavirus WU, polyomavirus KI, and human bocavirus in German blood donors Respiratory viruses other than influenza virus: impact and therapeutic advances Tackling Drug-Resistant Infections Globally, Final Report and Recommendations Human metapneumovirus: review of an important respiratory pathogen Detection of human bocavirus mRNA in respiratory secretions correlates with high viral load and concurrent diarrhea QIAstat-Dx R Respiratory Panel Instructions for Use: Version 2.
    keywords: care; coronavirus; detection; diagnosis; et al; human; influenza; pcr; pocts; respiratory; tests; viruses
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        item: #3708 of 5187
          id: cord-325863-3t73v4ng
      author: Foss, Francine M.
       title: Attenuated Novel SARS Coronavirus 2 Infection in an Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant patient on Ruxolitinib
        date: 2020-06-25
       words: 1991
      flesch: 37
     summary: Recommendations on how to manage immunosuppression agents in allogeneic transplant patients who are infected with SARS CoV-2 have not been clearly established. We recently diagnosed COVID19 infection in a patient who was on oral ruxolitinib for management of graft-vs-host disease after allogeneic stem cell transplant and report on his presentation and the evolution of his clinical course.
    keywords: cell; coronavirus; disease; ruxolitinib; sars; stem
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        item: #3709 of 5187
          id: cord-325910-qiay8n43
      author: Green, D. A.
       title: Clinical Performance of SARS-CoV-2 Molecular Testing
        date: 2020-05-08
       words: 3946
      flesch: 47
     summary: In our study of repeat test patients, 52.7% ultimately became positive, 1.2% 181 repeated as Indeterminate and 45.6% repeated as 'Not Detected'. Our results from repeat-tested patients can be used to estimate the clinical sensitivity of 291 the SARS-CoV-2 molecular testing in the population of patients that were selected for 292 repeat testing, in contrast to the general population of tested patients.
    keywords: funder; medrxiv; peer review; perpetuity; preprint
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        item: #3710 of 5187
          id: cord-325936-rwxg187r
      author: Eyal, Nir
       title: AIDS Activism and Coronavirus Vaccine Challenge Trials
        date: 2020-06-26
       words: 2221
      flesch: 43
     summary: Challenge trials will also need to wait SARS-CoV-2 culture and viral dose confirmation. Alluding to people who have declared their initial interest on a website in participating in challenge trials (nearly 27,000 so far), [22] the AVAC and TAG Statement adds, we do not believe that individuals' expressed willingness to participate in such a trial is an adequate or appropriate measure of informed consent [2] .
    keywords: challenge; hiv; risk; sars; trials
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        item: #3711 of 5187
          id: cord-325958-1v1pg2z0
      author: Lange, Clemens
       title: Expression of the COVID‐19 receptor ACE2 in the human conjunctiva
        date: 2020-05-06
       words: 2676
      flesch: 35
     summary: Our results show that the SARS‐CoV‐2 receptor ACE2 is not substantially expressed in conjunctival samples on the mRNA (median 0.0 transcripts per million (TPM), min 0.0 TPM, max 1.7 TPM) and protein levels. In conclusion, this study finds no evidence for a significant expression of ACE2 and its auxiliary mediators for cell entry in conjunctival samples, making conjunctival infection with SARS‐CoV‐2 via these mediators unlikely.
    keywords: ace2; conjunctival; cov-2; expression; human; patients; rna; samples; sars
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        item: #3712 of 5187
          id: cord-325959-uqg2xkie
      author: Bundschuh, Christian
       title: Evaluation of the EDI enzyme linked immunosorbent assays for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG antibodies in human plasma
        date: 2020-06-08
       words: 2211
      flesch: 48
     summary: Currently, detection of SARS-CoV-2 with RT-PCR testing from upper or lower respiratory specimens is gold standard method for the confirmation of suspected COVID-19 patients [1] [2] [3] . Preliminary data show a potential use of specific SARS-CoV-2 antibody tests to aid in the diagnosis of suspected COVID-19 patients [5, 6] .
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; igg; igm; sars
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        item: #3713 of 5187
          id: cord-325966-0g7a9s5z
      author: Shih, Hsin-I.
       title: Fighting COVID-19: a quick review of diagnoses, therapies, and vaccines
        date: 2020-05-30
       words: 7334
      flesch: 33
     summary: For COVID-19 patients, fever and cough are the two most common symptoms, and some patients might also suffer from sputum production, sore throat, headache, myalgia/arthralgia, rhinorrhea, and diarrhea An earlier study demonstrated that hydroxychloroquine was significantly associated with viral load reduction/disappearance in COVID-19 patients and its effect was strengthened by azithromycin [25] .
    keywords: antibodies; bcg; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; immunity; infection; patients; protein; rna; sars; syndrome; treatment; vaccination; vaccine; virus
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        item: #3714 of 5187
          id: cord-325971-volbaipv
      author: Neupane, Karun
       title: Potential Treatment Options for COVID-19: A Comprehensive Review of Global Pharmacological Development Efforts
        date: 2020-06-26
       words: 3026
      flesch: 40
     summary: Several drugs are being tested in the trials, and the United States Food and Drugs Administration (FDA) has given Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) for remdesivir to treat COVID-19 patients on May 1, 2020 The clinical management of COVID-19 patients is focused on alleviating clinical symptoms by general and symptom-specific supportive care
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; patients; remdesivir; results; sars; treatment; trials
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        item: #3715 of 5187
          id: cord-325991-dktffiaa
      author: Gross, Oliver
       title: COVID-19-associated nephritis: early warning for disease severity and complications?
        date: 2020-05-06
       words: 597
      flesch: 38
     summary: Three of these patients had coincidentally submitted urine samples in the few weeks before their infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). [reference 3·4-5·0 mg/dL]), and urine samples positive for blood, albumin, and leukocytes.
    keywords: patients; urine
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        item: #3716 of 5187
          id: cord-326013-5i35zdmv
      author: Carpinteiro, Alexander
       title: Pharmacological inhibition of acid sphingomyelinase prevents uptake of SARS-CoV-2 by epithelial cells
        date: 2020-10-29
       words: 3116
      flesch: 37
     summary: The tricyclic antidepressant desipramine causes proteolytic degradation of lysosomal sphingomyelinase in human fibroblasts Interactions of acid sphingomyelinase and lipid bilayers in the presence of the tricyclic antidepressant desipramine Identification of new functional inhibitors of acid sphingomyelinase using a structure-property-activity relation model Acid sphingomyelinase/ceramide system mediates effects of antidepressant drugs Antidepressants act by inducing autophagy controlled by sphingomyelin-ceramide Emerging mechanisms of drug-induced phospholipidosis Rhinoviruses infect human epithelial cells via ceramide-enriched membrane platforms Ebolavirus requires acid sphingomyelinase activity and plasma membrane sphingomyelin for infection SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 is an Interferonstimulated gene in human airway epithelial cells and is detected in specific cell subsets across tissues Increase of heart rate and QTc by Amitripytline, but not by Venlafaxine, is correleated to serum concentration Association between SSRI antidepressant use and reduced risk of intubation or death in hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019: a multicenter retrospective observational study The serotonin reuptake inhibitor Fluoxetine inhibits SARS-CoV-2 Quantitative modeling of selective lysosomal targeting for drug design Distribution and fate of C14-amitriptyline in mice and rats Postmortem release of amitriptyline from the lungs; a mechanism of postmortem drug redistribution Postmortem distribution of tramadol, amitriptyline, and their metabolites in a suicidal overdose Efficient activation of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein by the transmembrane protease TMPRSS2 Ceramide is upregulated and associated with mortality in patients with chronic heart failure The unexpected role of acid sphingomyelinase in cell death and the pathophysiology of common diseases A Vesicular Stomatitis Virus replicon-based bioassay for the rapid and sensitive determination of multispecies type I Interferon Mutations in the spike protein of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus transmitted in Korea increase resistance to antibody-mediated neutralization Here we report that either pharmacological inhibition of acid sphingomyelinase with amitriptyline, imipramine, fluoxetine, sertraline, escitalopram, or maprotiline, or genetic downregulation of the enzyme prevents infection of cultured cells or freshy isolated human nasal epithelial cells with SARS-CoV-2 or pseudoviral pp-VSV-SARS-CoV-2 particles expressing spike, a bona fide system mimicking SARS-CoV-2 infection.
    keywords: acid; amitriptyline; cells; ceramide; cov-2; infection; sars; sphingomyelinase
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        item: #3717 of 5187
          id: cord-326017-qw4qynqv
      author: Laskar, Partha
       title: “Tomorrow Never Dies”: Recent Advances in Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention Modalities against Coronavirus (COVID-19) amid Controversies
        date: 2020-08-06
       words: 14817
      flesch: 35
     summary: Thus, early, rapid, and accurate diagnosis of COVID-19 patients is becoming very crucial to control the sources of infection and to prevent further community spread. Such tests have proven lung histology (lung damage or holes/honeycomb-like appearance) of COVID-19 patients [70] .
    keywords: 2019; amplification; antiviral; cases; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; data; detection; development; disease; drug; health; human; iii; infection; methods; number; pandemic; patients; pcr; pneumonia; research; rna; sars; time; treatment; use
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        item: #3718 of 5187
          id: cord-326045-x8xntne7
      author: Chng, Shu-Sin
       title: Synthetic studies towards anti-SARS agents: application of an indium-mediated allylation of α-aminoaldehydes as the key step towards an intermediate
        date: 2004-12-20
       words: 1259
      flesch: 54
     summary: Thus, crude aldehyde 6 was reacted with methyl 2-(bromomethyl)acrylate in the presence of indium metal to furnish homoallylic alcohol 7 in overall 66% yield (from 5) with almost complete syn diastereoselectivity (syn/anti = 98:2). The interaction of the isoxazole ring with indium metal causes the transition state to be more rigid (compare Schemes 3 and 5).
    keywords: allylation; group; indium; sars
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        item: #3719 of 5187
          id: cord-326148-9wpxm5of
      author: Van Walle, I.
       title: Meta-analysis of the clinical performance of commercial SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid, antigen and antibody tests up to 22 August 2020
        date: 2020-09-18
       words: 3791
      flesch: 40
     summary: Antibody test sensitivity results below the threshold days after onset were excluded. After exclusion of antibody test sensitivity results ≤14 dpo and ineligible specificity results, a total of 38202 and 56537 index test results remained for calculation of sensitivity and specificity, respectively.
    keywords: acid; performance; preprint; results; sensitivity; specificity; tests
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        item: #3720 of 5187
          id: cord-326150-cf4rlqe5
      author: Carrascosa, J M
       title: Manifestaciones cutáneas en el contexto de la infección por SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)
        date: 2020-08-31
       words: 2446
      flesch: 30
     summary: El tiempo de latencia entre el inicio de los síntomas de la COVID-19 y el desarrollo de la clínica cutánea fue relativamente corto, de 3 días (de 2 a 12). r o o f clínico completo de la COVID-19, con manifestaciones generales y respiratorias 19 .
    keywords: como; con; covid-19; del; infección; las; lesiones; los; pacientes; por; que; sars; una
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        item: #3721 of 5187
          id: cord-326169-delehk6x
      author: CJ Jorgensen, Sarah
       title: Baricitinib: A review of pharmacology, safety and emerging clinical experience in COVID‐19
        date: 2020-06-15
       words: 2711
      flesch: 32
     summary: All rights reserved 651 46 Abnormal coagulation parameters are associated with poor 655 prognosis in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia Difference of coagulation features between severe pneumonia 657 induced by SARS-CoV2 and non-SARS-CoV2 Hypercoagulability of COVID-19 patients in Intensive 659 Care Unit. JAK-inhibitors that are less selective for JAK2 may act counts in COVID-19 patients Besides common side effects and changes in laboratory parameters, baricitinib has been associated 422 with serious adverse effects including infections, thrombosis, malignancy, gastrointestinal 423 perforations, and major cardiovascular events.
    keywords: article; baricitinib; copyright; covid-19; jak; patients; sars; treatment
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        item: #3722 of 5187
          id: cord-326198-6okk3u49
      author: Walker, A.
       title: Genetic structure of SARS-CoV-2 in Western Germany reflects clonal superspreading and multiple independent introduction events
        date: 2020-04-30
       words: 1943
      flesch: 34
     summary: 55 SARS-CoV-2 isolate samples, 10 directly linked to the Heinsberg outbreak (obtained from medical practices in the Heinsberg district or from residents of Heinsberg district patients treated at Düsseldorf University Hospital) and 45 from the city of Düsseldorf and surrounding districts, were acquired from diagnostic swabs sent to the Institute of Virology at Düsseldorf University Hospital. The lack of association between the Heinsberg samples and other early German outbreak isolates is suggestive of a separate introduction event, possibly via the Netherlands, China, or a third country.
    keywords: düsseldorf; heinsberg; isolates; outbreak; sars; table
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        item: #3723 of 5187
          id: cord-326254-8dlxsf57
      author: Glasbey, T.
       title: Flawed disinfectant recommendations during a pandemic
        date: 2020-06-15
       words: 907
      flesch: 36
     summary: The recommendations * Corresponding author. of Kampf are also diametrically opposed to the United States EPA recommendations for suitable disinfectant products given on their List N: 'Products with Emerging Viral Pathogens and Human Coronavirus claims for use against SARS-CoV-2' [5] . 5 th Edition TGA instructions for disinfectant testing v2 Both authors are employees of Whiteley Corporation, a manufacturer of cleaning products and disinfectants.
    keywords: disinfectant; products; use
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        item: #3724 of 5187
          id: cord-326257-rcv8sh22
      author: Simmonds, P.
       title: Rampant C->U hypermutation in the genomes of SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses – causes and consequences for their short and long evolutionary trajectories
        date: 2020-05-01
       words: 3506
      flesch: 37
     summary: Repeated cycles of mutation and reversion in favoured mutational hotspots and the widespread occurrence of amino acid changes with no adaptive value for the virus represents a quite different paradigm of virus sequence change from neutral and Darwinian evolutionary frameworks that are typically used in molecular epidemiology investigations. Sequence substitutions were characterised by a preponderance of cytidine to uridine (C->U) transitions.
    keywords: c->u; changes; coronaviruses; cov-2; fig; rna; sars; sequence; substitutions
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        item: #3725 of 5187
          id: cord-326273-6rp12py3
      author: Chow, Kuan-Chih
       title: Detection of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome–Associated Coronavirus in Pneumocytes of the Lung
        date: 2004-04-01
       words: 3212
      flesch: 36
     summary: However, the target cells of SARS viral infection have not been characterized in detail. Nevertheless, the target cells of SARS viral infection and the essence of multinucleated giant cells are not well characterized.
    keywords: cells; hybridization; infection; lung; sars; signal; virus
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        item: #3726 of 5187
          id: cord-326282-uxn64olw
      author: Lu, Maolin
       title: Real-time Conformational Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 Spikes on Virus Particles
        date: 2020-09-13
       words: 3272
      flesch: 43
     summary: 5 The strength of the presented smFRET approach is revealed by the capacity to examine the dynamic properties of the S protein in real time, including: 1) the distinct conformational states that it spontaneously transits under physiological conditions; 2) the impact of sequence alterations on S protein dynamics; and 3) the responses of the S protein to cognate hACE2 receptor and antibody recognition. key: cord-326282-uxn64olw authors: Lu, Maolin; Uchil, Pradeep D.; Li, Wenwei; Zheng, Desheng; Terry, Daniel S.; Gorman, Jason; Shi, Wei; Zhang, Baoshan; Zhou, Tongqing; Ding, Shilei; Gasser, Romain; Prévost, Jérémie; Beaudoin-Bussières, Guillaume; Anand, Sai Priya; Laumaea, Annemarie; Grover, Jonathan R.; Liu, Lihong; Ho, David D.; Mascola, John R.; Finzi, Andrés; Kwong, Peter D.; Blanchard, Scott C.; Mothes, Walther title: Real-time Conformational Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 Spikes on Virus Particles date: 2020-09-13 journal: bioRxiv DOI: 10.1101/2020.09.10.286948 sha: doc_id: 326282 cord_uid: uxn64olw SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) mediates entry into cells and is critical for vaccine development against COVID-19.
    keywords: conformation; cov-2; fig; fret; hace2; protein; rbd; sars
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        item: #3727 of 5187
          id: cord-326305-mjd5agvf
      author: Ashraf, Mohammad Ali
       title: The application of direct viral cytopathic hypothesis to design drug trials in the battle against COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-15
       words: 1113
      flesch: 37
     summary: ACE-2 might be important in the etiology of lethal complications and findings in COVID-19 patients. Ultimately, all these options can be considered alongside drugs that target specific steps in the lifecycle of RNA viruses for there to be a chance of efficacy in treating COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: covid-19; patients; sars; syndrome
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        item: #3728 of 5187
          id: cord-326320-flfrdrbi
      author: Choudhary, Shalki
       title: Scaffold morphing of arbidol (umifenovir) in search of multi-targeting therapy halting the interaction of SARS-CoV-2 with ACE2 and other proteases involved in COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-29
       words: 4678
      flesch: 45
     summary: The entry of coronavirus in the host cell depends on the binding of the viral spike proteins (SP) to cellular receptors and its priming by host cell proteases (Hoffmann et al., 2020) . The S1/S2 domain of SP in newly emerged coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) harbor potential protease cleavage site (PCS), NSPRRAR ^ SVA (^ is cleavage site), having four distinct amino acids (in bold), which is absent in SARS-CoV of the same clade and thereby became a keyhole for viral invasion J o u r n a l P r e
    keywords: ace2; analogues; arbidol; cov-2; docking; drug; molecules; sars
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        item: #3729 of 5187
          id: cord-326337-s0fp5z1q
      author: Chan, Kui K.
       title: An engineered decoy receptor for SARS-CoV-2 broadly binds protein S sequence variants
        date: 2020-10-19
       words: 4597
      flesch: 40
     summary: Saturation mutagenesis of the receptor-binding domain followed by in vitro selection, with wild type ACE2 and the engineered decoy competing for binding sites, failed to find S mutants that discriminate in favor of the wild type receptor. 216 Soluble ACE2 2 .v2.4 has three mutations from wild type ACE2: T27Y buried within the RBD 233 interface, and L79T and N330Y at the interface periphery ( Figure 5A) .
    keywords: ace2; binding; cov-2; decoy; figure; human; mutations; rbd; receptor; sars; type
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        item: #3730 of 5187
          id: cord-326341-egtnqlov
      author: Liotti, Flora Marzia
       title: Performance of a novel diagnostic assay for rapid SARS-CoV-2 antigen detection in nasopharynx samples
        date: 2020-09-23
       words: 517
      flesch: 46
     summary: Laboratory testing for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in laboratory-2020.5-eng Evaluation of a rapid diagnostic assay for detection of SARS-CoV-102 2 antigen in nasopharyngeal swabs Evaluation of rapid 104 antigen test for detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus First case of 106 2019 novel coronavirus in the United States Here, we evaluated the performance of the STANDARD F COVID-19 Ag FIA (SD Biosensor, 32 Suwon, South Korea) assay, a fluorescent immunoassay detecting SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein 33 antigen, on nasopharynx swab samples.
    keywords: detection; sars
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        item: #3731 of 5187
          id: cord-326375-8m4110k3
      author: Seitzman, Gerami D.
       title: No Time for Tears
        date: 2020-03-26
       words: 968
      flesch: 45
     summary: For COVID-19 asymptomatic patients requiring an ophthalmic assessment for an emergent vision loss issue, the following precautions should be considered strongly. Therefore, avoidance of talking during slit-lamp examination and minimizing time spent in close proximity to patients is important.
    keywords: covid-19; patients; sars; tears
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        item: #3732 of 5187
          id: cord-326393-gxy1w0qk
      author: Martino, Marcello Di
       title: CIRUGÍA ELECTIVA DURANTE LA PANDEMIA POR SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19): ANÁLISIS DE MORBIMORTALIDAD Y RECOMENDACIONES SOBRE PRIORIZACIÓN DE LOS PACIENTES Y MEDIDAS DE SEGURIDAD
        date: 2020-04-29
       words: 4244
      flesch: 37
     summary: Se analizó la tasa de contagio por COVID-19, la gravedad de la infección respiratoria según la Brescia Respiratory COVID-19 Severity Scale, las medidas terapéuticas adoptadas y las complicaciones postoperatorias globales. Hubo 3 (1,4%) exitus, todos debidos a progresión de la infección respiratoria.
    keywords: actividad; cirugía; complicaciones; con; cov-2; covid-19; del; infección; infection; las; los; pacientes; pandemia; patients; por; que; quirúrgica; respiratoria; sars; según; una
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        item: #3733 of 5187
          id: cord-326406-n0qi6gs8
      author: Creed, Marina
       title: Mild COVID-19 infection despite chronic B cell depletion in a patient with aquaporin-4-positive neuromyelitis Optica spectrum disorder.
        date: 2020-05-19
       words: 1810
      flesch: 39
     summary: Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor Risk Factors Associated With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Death in Patients With Coronavirus Disease COVID-19: consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression Breadth of concomitant immune responses prior to patient recovery: a case report of non-severe COVID-19 Characteristics of peripheral lymphocyte subset alteration in COVID-19 pneumonia Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and lymphocyte-to-C-reactive protein ratio in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): This suggestion is supported by reports of cases of mild disease in a patient with long term corticosteroid use 8 but there is a need for prospective randomized trials to determine if immunosuppression or immunomodulation may be protective from worse outcome of COVID19.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; disease; patients; rituximab; sars
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        item: #3734 of 5187
          id: cord-326427-06djb0sd
      author: Cao, Dongmei
       title: Vaginal delivery in women with COVID-19: report of two cases
        date: 2020-10-02
       words: 2591
      flesch: 48
     summary: key: cord-326427-06djb0sd authors: Cao, Dongmei; Chen, Miaomiao; Peng, Min; Yin, Heng; Sun, Guoqiang title: Vaginal delivery in women with COVID-19: report of two cases date: 2020-10-02 journal: BMC Pregnancy Childbirth DOI: 10.1186/s12884-020-03281-4 sha: doc_id: 326427 cord_uid: 06djb0sd BACKGROUND: During the ongoing global outbreak of COVID-19, pregnant women who are susceptible to COVID-19 should be highly concerned. As pregnant women are susceptible to COVID-19 and some common obstetrical adverse events, such as preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), preterm birth, fetal growth restriction (FGR), and neonatal death, are associated with maternal pneumonias [4] [5] [6] , pregnant women should be highly concerned by obstetricians [7] .
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; infection; mother; sars
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        item: #3735 of 5187
          id: cord-326498-8oa5gkrp
      author: Gemmati, Donato
       title: COVID-19 and Individual Genetic Susceptibility/Receptivity: Role of ACE1/ACE2 Genes, Immunity, Inflammation and Coagulation. Might the Double X-Chromosome in Females Be Protective against SARS-CoV-2 Compared to the Single X-Chromosome in Males?
        date: 2020-05-14
       words: 9893
      flesch: 30
     summary: Firstly, ADAM17 by promoting the detaching of ACE2 cell receptor might contribute by downregulating the ACE2/Ang1-7/Mas axis, and in a sex-oriented perspective, SRY (Y-chromosome) and SOX3 (Xchromosome) both by upregulating AGT, and downregulating ACE2, AT2, and MAS. Firstly, ADAM17 by promoting the detaching of ACE2 cell receptor might contribute by downregulating the ACE2/Ang1-7/ Mas axis, and in a sex-oriented perspective, SRY (Y-chromosome) and SOX3 (X-chromosome) both by upregulating AGT, and downregulating ACE2, AT2, and MAS.
    keywords: ace1; ace2; angiotensin; cells; chromosome; converting; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; enzyme; expression; females; gene; immune; infection; patients; receptor; sars; sex
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        item: #3736 of 5187
          id: cord-326503-ljle4vq3
      author: Morioka, Shinichiro
       title: Possibility of transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in a tertiary care hospital setting: A case study
        date: 2020-07-30
       words: 452
      flesch: 48
     summary: Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) From a Symptomatic Patient Evidence of airborne 226 transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome virus Formal analysis, Data Curation, Writing -Original Draft, Project administration Writing -Review & Editing, Funding acquisition. key: cord-326503-ljle4vq3 authors: Morioka, Shinichiro; Nakamura, Keiji; Iida, Shun; Kutsuna, Satoshi; Kinoshita, Noriko; Suzuki, Tetsuya; Suzuki, Tadaki; Yamamoto, Kei; Hayakawa, Kayoko; Saito, Sho; Ohmagari, Norio title: Possibility of transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in a tertiary care hospital setting: A case study date: 2020-07-30 journal: nan DOI: 10.1016/j.infpip.2020.100079 sha: doc_id: 326503 cord_uid: ljle4vq3 Summary This report aimed to investigate transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in a hospital setting.
    keywords: cov-2; sars
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        item: #3737 of 5187
          id: cord-326514-7plamtl8
      author: Veerus, Piret
       title: Seroprevalence of SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies among pregnant women in Estonia: a call for epidemiological studies
        date: 2020-09-24
       words: 662
      flesch: 40
     summary: We would like to emphasise the need to assess objectively the impact of the novel Severe Acute Respiratory Coronavirus Type 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) causing Covid‐19 disease on pregnancy and perinatal outcomes by conducting epidemiological studies among pregnant women. We would like to emphasise the need to assess objectively the impact of the novel Severe Acute Respiratory Coronavirus Type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing Covid-19 disease on pregnancy and perinatal outcomes by conducting epidemiological studies among pregnant women.
    keywords: sars; women
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        item: #3738 of 5187
          id: cord-326532-2ehuuvnx
      author: Götzinger, Florian
       title: COVID-19 in children and adolescents in Europe: a multinational, multicentre cohort study
        date: 2020-06-25
       words: 5330
      flesch: 40
     summary: The epidemiological characteristics of an outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) in China Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records Clinical characteristics of a case series of children with coronavirus disease 2019 Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in children and adolescents: a systematic review SARS-CoV-2 infection in children Epidemiology of COVID-19 among children in China Detection of Covid-19 in children in early Spread of SARS-CoV-2 in the Icelandic population CDC COVID-19 Response Team. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and its subsequent Evidence before this study We searched MEDLINE on May 7, 2020, through the PubMed interface to identify publications describing clinical studies in children with COVID-19.
    keywords: children; cov-2; covid-19; data; disease; icu; individuals; infection; patients; sars; study; support
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        item: #3739 of 5187
          id: cord-326568-twv2i3fb
      author: Bruminhent, Jackrapong
       title: Clinical characteristics and risk factors for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among patients under investigation in Thailand
        date: 2020-09-15
       words: 4407
      flesch: 45
     summary: COVID-19 patients can present as asymptomatic, mild upper respiratory tract disease or potentially severe pneumonia. Although there was a previous case series of COVID-19 patients who were hospitalized [9] , there has been no study focused on this population.
    keywords: case; cov-2; covid-19; infection; patients; puis; risk; thailand
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        item: #3740 of 5187
          id: cord-326581-31trqhi1
      author: Ihling, Christian
       title: Mass Spectrometric Identification of SARS-CoV-2 Proteins from Gargle Solution Samples of COVID-19 Patients
        date: 2020-06-22
       words: 1148
      flesch: 42
     summary: We developed a simple, MS-based method to specifically detect SARS-CoV-2 proteins from gargle solution samples of COVID-19 patients. Using this approach, we were able to identify peptides originating from SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein in gargle solution samples.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; sars
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        item: #3741 of 5187
          id: cord-326643-obfvi3ms
      author: Lo Giudice, Roberto
       title: The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2) in Dentistry. Management of Biological Risk in Dental Practice
        date: 2020-04-28
       words: 4580
      flesch: 52
     summary: Especially when treating in urgent situations or emergencies during the virus pandemic [6] , clinicians should not underestimate the possibility of infection from asymptomatic patients, and all dental treatment should be considered high-risk. This paper aims to discuss and suggest the most appropriate procedures in every aspect of dental practice to reduce infection risk.
    keywords: contact; droplets; infection; patient; risk; sars; use; virus
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        item: #3742 of 5187
          id: cord-326666-melz5fq4
      author: Sun, Weitao
       title: The discovery of gene mutations making SARS-CoV-2 well adapted for humans: host-genome similarity analysis of 2594 genomes from China, the USA and Europe
        date: 2020-09-03
       words: 1726
      flesch: 47
     summary: Coronavirus ORF8 Protein Is Acquired from SARS-Related Coronavirus from 496 Greater Horseshoe Bats through Recombination Expression, post-translational 499 modification and biochemical characterization of proteins encoded by subgenomic mRNA8 of the 500 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Dysregulated Type I Interferon and Inflammatory Monocyte-Macrophage Responses Cause Lethal 506 Pneumonia in SARS-CoV-Infected Mice The establishment of reference sequence 508 for SARS-CoV-2 and variation analysis Emerging SARS-CoV-510 2 mutation hot spots include a novel RNA-dependent-RNA polymerase variant The single-cell RNA-seq data analysis on the 537 receptor ACE2 expression reveals the potential risk of different human organs vulnerable to Wuhan 538 2019-nCoV infection Frontiers of Specific ACE2 Expression in Cholangiocytes 540 May Cause Liver Damage After 2019-nCoV Infection Priapism in a 543 patient with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A case report Clinical characteristics of 2019 546 novel coronavirus infection in China SARS coronavirus spike protein-induced innate immune 549 response occurs via activation of the NF-κB pathway in human monocyte macrophages in vitro Human Coronavirus: Host-Pathogen Interaction. Compared with SARS-speculated that some genes of the two viruses may also exist in the human genome or that the viruses may 111 may accelerate adaptation in humans through increasing HGS of the ORF6 and ORF8 genes and 112 selecting the M37F mutation.
    keywords: cov-2; genome; hgs; mutation; sars
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        item: #3743 of 5187
          id: cord-326706-75mjs6vm
      author: Waterfield, Thomas
       title: Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in children: a prospective multicentre cohort study
        date: 2020-11-10
       words: 3574
      flesch: 42
     summary: 31 32 In our study antibody titres measured using the Abbott Architect SARS-CoV-2 IgG assay were significantly higher in symptomatic children compared with asymptomatic children (p=0.04). Serum and/or plasma were tested for antibodies to SARS-CoV-2, in United Kingdom Accreditation Service accredited laboratories using the following assays, which have been validated for use in adults: [23] [24] [25] ► Nucleocapsid assays (Abbott Architect SARS-CoV-2 IgG and Roche Elecsys anti-SARS-CoV-2 total antibody) ► Spike protein assays (DiaSorin LIAISON SARS CoV-2 S1/ S2 IgG assay)
    keywords: antibodies; antibody; children; data; infection; participants; sars; study; symptoms
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        item: #3744 of 5187
          id: cord-326710-vc9wkcro
      author: Stevens, Bryan
       title: Comparison of a Point-of-Care Assay and a High-Complexity Assay for Detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA
        date: 2020-08-06
       words: 1797
      flesch: 40
     summary: In summary, this study showed that the Cepheid Xpert Xpress SARS-CoV-2 assay performed with high overall agreement compared to a reference standard. Xpert® xpress sars-cov-2 The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data Comparison of commercially available and laboratory developed assays for in vitro detection of sars-cov-2 in clinical laboratories Clinical evaluation of three sample-to-answer platforms for the detection of sars-cov-2 The detection of sars-cov-2 using the cepheid xpert xpress sars-cov-2 and roche cobas sars-cov-2 assays Comparison of cepheid xpert xpress and abbott id now to roche cobas for the rapid detection of sars-cov-2 Multi-center evaluation of cepheid xpert(r) xpress sars-cov-2 point-of-care test during the sars-cov-2 pandemic Multicenter evaluation of the cepheid xpert xpress sars-cov-2 test Comparison of abbott id now and abbott m2000 methods for the detection of sars-cov-2 from nasopharyngeal and nasal swabs from symptomatic patients Five-minute point-of-care testing for sars-cov-2: Not there yet Comparison of the accula sars-cov-2 test with a laboratory-developed assay for detection of sars-cov-2 rna in clinical nasopharyngeal specimens The authors would like to thank the clinical laboratory scientists of the Stanford Health Care Virology Laboratory for their extraordinary efforts in the care of their patients.
    keywords: assay; cov-2; sars; xpert
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        item: #3745 of 5187
          id: cord-326718-jboiufoq
      author: Deming, Meagan E.
       title: COVID-19 and Lessons to Be Learned from Prior Coronavirus Outbreaks
        date: 2020-07-17
       words: 2549
      flesch: 33
     summary: Both strategies result in a lower R 0 and significant decline in COVID-19 cases. 326718 cord_uid: jboiufoq nan A novel coronavirus (CoV) was quickly recognized as the cause of a cluster of severe pneumonia cases in China around December 2019.
    keywords: angiotensin; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; covid-19; enzyme; sars
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        item: #3746 of 5187
          id: cord-326721-2v5wkjrq
      author: Xiao, Wenlei
       title: A Cybernetics-based Dynamic Infection Model for Analyzing SARS-COV-2 Infection Stability and Predicting Uncontrollable Risks
        date: 2020-03-17
       words: 4481
      flesch: 51
     summary: As the models are strongly featured by cities, we name the two types of models as Shanghai model and Wuhan model. City case studies are demonstrated for verification and validation.
    keywords: cases; cities; epidemic; infection; model; preprint; wuhan
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        item: #3747 of 5187
          id: cord-326730-aprb819p
      author: Perkmann, T.
       title: Side by side comparison of three fully automated SARS-CoV-2 antibody assays with a focus on specificity
        date: 2020-06-05
       words: 3233
      flesch: 45
     summary: Therefore, for all SARS-CoV-2 EUA approved antibody tests, the FDA compares the performance of the assays based on a 5% seroprevalence (28) . The latter is highly relevant for a potential use of antibody tests to assess seroprevalence in large populations.
    keywords: cov-2; diasorin; medrxiv; preprint; sars; specificity
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        item: #3748 of 5187
          id: cord-326736-jd6fvaop
      author: Bosco-Lauth, Angela M.
       title: Pathogenesis, transmission and response to re-exposure of SARS-CoV-2 in domestic cats
        date: 2020-05-29
       words: 924
      flesch: 21
     summary: Due to concern for human-pet transmission, we investigated the susceptibility of domestic cats and dogs to infection and potential for infected cats to transmit to naïve cats. The remaining two 127 cats were euthanized at 30 DPI and necropsied; these cats will be referred to as contact cats Step qRT-PCR system (Invitrogen), with the following modification; the initial reverse Tissues from cats were fixed in 10% buffered formalin for 12 days and transferred to 70% with their pets, there is minimal risk of a potentially exposed cat infecting another human.
    keywords: cats; infection; sars; transmission
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        item: #3749 of 5187
          id: cord-326833-boxgt4kb
      author: Marimuthu, Janakiram
       title: HIV and SARS CoV‐2 co‐infection: A retrospective, record based, case series from South India
        date: 2020-07-07
       words: 1365
      flesch: 59
     summary: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) Situation Report-161 4 Cases: HIV and SARS-CoV-2 Co-inf ection in patients from Long Island COVID-19 in patients with HIV: clinical case series COVID-19 in people living with human immunodeficiency virus: a case series of 33 patients Clinical features and outcome of HIV/SARS-CoV-2 coinfected patients in The B ronx, New York city SARS-CoV-2 co-infected patients in Istanbul, Turkey HIV Facts & Figures | National AIDS Control Organization | MoHFW | GoI Could HIV infection alter the clinical course of SARS-CoV-2 infection? Bacterial and fungal infections in COVID-19 patients: A matter of concern.
    keywords: covid-19; hiv; infection; patients
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        item: #3750 of 5187
          id: cord-326864-i1r3bv4p
      author: Hon, Kam Lun
       title: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): latest developments in potential treatments
        date: 2020-06-29
       words: 6276
      flesch: 37
     summary: A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome The clinical pathology of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): a report from China Clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural findings of a fatal case of middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in the United Arab Emirates Severe acute respiratory syndrome vs. The Middle East respiratory syndrome Severe acute respiratory syndrome: SARS or not SARS Typical or atypical pneumonia and severe acute respiratory symptoms in PICU Characterization of the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of 2019 novel coronavirus: implication for development of RBD protein as a viral attachment inhibitor and vaccine Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation Evolution of the novel coronavirus from the ongoing Wuhan outbreak and modeling of its spike protein for risk of human transmission Q&A: similarities and differences -COVID-19 and influenza Report of the WHO-China Joint Mission on Coronavirus Disease Solidarity clinical trial for COVID-19 treatments A rapid advice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infected pneumonia (standard version) Intensive care management of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19 ): challenges and recommendations Compassionate use of remdesivir for patients with severe covid-19 COVID-19 treatment: a review of early and emerging options Remdesivir as a possible therapeutic option for the COVID-19 Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro Remdesivir is a direct-acting antiviral that inhibits RNA-dependent RNA polymerase from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 with high potency Remdesivir in adults with severe COVID-19: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial NIH clinical trial shows remdesivir accelerates recovery from advanced COVID-19 Gilead announces results from phase 3 trial of investigational antiviral remdesivir in patients with severe COVID-19 Study to evaluate the safety and antiviral activity of remdesivir (GS-5734 TM ) in participants with moderate coronavirus disease (COVID-19) compared to standard of care treatment Study to evaluate the safety and antiviral activity of remdesivir (GS-5734 TM ) in participants with severe coronavirus disease (COVID-19 Adaptive COVID-19 treatment trial Multi-centre, adaptive, randomized trial of the safety and efficacy of treatments of COVID-19 in hospitalized adults A trial of lopinavir-ritonavir in adults hospitalized with severe covid-19 Remdesivir, lopinavir, emetine, and homoharringtonine inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication in vitro Lopinavir/ritonavir, ribavirin and IFN-beta combination for nCoV treatment Multicenter clinical study on the efficacy and safety of Xiyanping injection in the treatment of new coronavirus infection pneumonia (General and Severe An investigation into beneficial effects of interferon beta 1a, compared to interferon beta 1b and the base therapeutic regiment in moderate to severe COVID-19: a randomized clinical trial (DIC) Treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome with lopinavir/ritonavir: a multicentre retrospective matched cohort study Treatment of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome with a combination of lopinavir-ritonavir and interferon-β1b (MIRACLE trial): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial Novel coronavirus treatment with ribavirin: groundwork for an evaluation concerning COVID-19 SARS: systematic review of treatment effects Clinical features and short-term outcomes of 144 patients with SARS in the Greater Toronto area Pharmacologic treatments for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a review Inhibition of novel β coronavirus replication by a combination of interferon-α2b and ribavirin National Health Commission & State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine. [34] [35] Therapeutics for COVID-19 The majority of COVID-19 patients, especially children, are either asymptomatic or have mild symptoms, and will likely recover by managing their own symptoms without the need for hospitalisation.
    keywords: clinical; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; lopinavir; mers; patients; ritonavir; sars; syndrome; treatment; trial; use
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        item: #3751 of 5187
          id: cord-326882-bbn1tfq5
      author: Li, Quan
       title: Genetic Variability of Human Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (hACE2) Among Various Ethnic Populations
        date: 2020-04-14
       words: 1677
      flesch: 45
     summary: To explore the variability in genetic polymorphisms and expression in human ACE2 (hACE2), we set out to determine if there were any differences between the Asian and Caucasian populations for ACE2 polymorphisms and compare the variability of hACE2 expression in peripheral blood among eight different populations. Further attention has been drawn to the ACE2 receptor as antimalarials, which can interfere with ACE2 expression, have resulted in increased clearing of the SARS-CoV-2 clearance among Covid-19 patients 12.
    keywords: covid-19; expression; hace2; populations; sars
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        item: #3752 of 5187
          id: cord-326883-j7pbe50g
      author: Stöbe, Stephan
       title: Echocardiographic characteristics of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-08-14
       words: 4854
      flesch: 32
     summary: Tagging images (s-v) of apical (s, t) and basal SAX (u, v) document abnormal basal rotation Table 3 Analyses of myocardial rotational LV deformation in a control group of healthy individuals (n = 20) Mean values of radial and circumferential strain as well as rotation of the apical and basal LV segments are shown: global radial strain of apical LV segments (GRS apical), apical rotation, global circumferential strain of apical LV segments (GCS apical), global radial strain of basal LV segments (GRS basal), basal rotation, and global circumferential strain of basal LV segments (GCS basal) Additional findings included a biphasic pattern with maximum post-systolic or negative regional radial strain predominantly basal (n = 5/14 patients, 36%); the absence or dispersion of basal LV rotation (n = 6/14 patients, 43%); a reduced or positive regional circumferential strain in more than one segment (n = 7/14 patients, 50%); a net rotation showing late post-systolic twist or biphasic pattern (n = 8/14 patients, 57%); a net rotation showing polyphasic pattern and/or higher maximum net values during diastole (n = 8/14 patients, 57%).
    keywords: basal; cov-2; deformation; patients; rotation; sars; segments; strain
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        item: #3753 of 5187
          id: cord-326888-0p8nctpy
      author: Gercina, Anne Caroline
       title: What is the best mouthrinse against Coronaviruses?
        date: 2020-08-13
       words: 551
      flesch: 31
     summary: All rights reserved Even assuming that 1% of hydrogen peroxide is the best alternative to prevent transmission during oral procedures, its use on postoperative does not seem to be necessary. Rinsing with 1% of hydrogen peroxide should not be done as a treatment for COVID-19.
    keywords: chlorhexidine; peroxide
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        item: #3754 of 5187
          id: cord-326911-va3x6au2
      author: Ramos-Mandujano, G.
       title: A Robust, Safe and Scalable Magnetic Nanoparticle Workflow for RNA Extraction of Pathogens from Clinical and Environmental Samples
        date: 2020-06-29
       words: 4430
      flesch: 49
     summary: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.28.20141945 doi: medRxiv preprint RNA produced by MAVRICS is free of contaminants and maintains good integrity. Both rRT-PCR testing and high-throughput sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 require RNA extraction from nasopharyngeal swab samples.
    keywords: author; funder; june; license; medrxiv; medrxiv preprint; perpetuity; preprint; rna
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        item: #3755 of 5187
          id: cord-326916-bakwk4tm
      author: Fauver, Joseph R.
       title: Coast-to-Coast Spread of SARS-CoV-2 during the Early Epidemic in the United States
        date: 2020-05-07
       words: 5565
      flesch: 43
     summary: To delineate the roles of domestic and international virus spread in the emergence of new United States COVID-19 outbreaks, we sequenced SARS-CoV-2 viruses collected from cases identified in Connecticut. By March 18, the five countries comprised 78% of reported non-United States cases, whereas the five states comprised 48% of reported domestic cases outside of Connecticut and New York.
    keywords: cases; connecticut; cov-2; covid-19; data; international; new; number; sars; states; travel; united
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        item: #3756 of 5187
          id: cord-326929-ytix4l1o
      author: Samillan, V. J.
       title: Environmental and climatic impact on the infection and mortality of SARS-CoV-2 in Peru
        date: 2020-09-18
       words: 4344
      flesch: 42
     summary: Using the data from confirmed cases of infection from 1287 districts and confirmed cases of mortality in 479 districts, we used Spearman's correlations to assess the correlation between environmental and climatic factors with cumulative infection cases, cumulative mortality and case-fatality rate. Model fitting for cumulative mortality cases across the Peru indicated the negative correlation of NDVI (β = -0.299), elevation (β = -0.245), and mean solar radiation (β = -0.230), and the positive correlation with mean NO 2 (β = 0.237) and population density (β = 0.215) ( Table 4) .
    keywords: cases; factors; infection; mortality; sars
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        item: #3757 of 5187
          id: cord-326956-oz047qmf
      author: Lu, Yiping
       title: Cerebral Micro-Structural Changes in COVID-19 Patients – An MRI-based 3-month Follow-up Study
        date: 2020-08-03
       words: 5829
      flesch: 43
     summary: COVID-19 patients had statistically significantly higher bilateral gray matter volumes (GMV) in olfactory cortices, hippocampi, insulas, left Rolandic operculum, left Heschl's gyrus and right cingulate gyrus and a general decline of MD, AD, RD accompanied with an increase of FA in white matter, especially AD in the right CR, EC and SFF, and MD in SFF compared with non-COVID-19 volunteers (corrected p value <0.05). No data has been reported about the structural changes in the brain from COVID-19 patients by functional MRI in a prospective way.
    keywords: cingulate; cov-2; covid-19; gmv; gyrus; olfactory; patients; right; sars; value
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        item: #3758 of 5187
          id: cord-326965-xrnhkcsv
      author: Lacout, Carole
       title: A new diagnosis of systemic capillary leak syndrome in a patient with COVID-19
        date: 2020-09-17
       words: 971
      flesch: 44
     summary: key: cord-326965-xrnhkcsv authors: Lacout, Carole; Rogez, Juliette; Orvain, Corentin; Nicot, Claire; Rony, Louis; Julien, Hélène; Urbanski, Geoffrey title: A new diagnosis of systemic capillary leak syndrome in a patient with COVID-19 date: 2020-09-17 journal: Rheumatology (Oxford) DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keaa606 sha: doc_id: 326965 cord_uid: xrnhkcsv nan SIR, With the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, we are discovering that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has properties to induce a dysregulated immune response that exceed the simple respiratory infection Systemic capillary leak syndrome is a rare immune disorder that evolves with repeated episodes of pseudoshock that can occur spontaneously or can be triggered by viral infections.
    keywords: cov-2; leak; sars; syndrome
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        item: #3759 of 5187
          id: cord-326983-h6gdck2u
      author: Ferretti, Andrew P.
       title: Unbiased screens show CD8+ T cells of COVID-19 patients recognize shared epitopes in SARS-CoV-2, most of which are not located in the Spike protein
        date: 2020-10-20
       words: 5653
      flesch: 46
     summary: Overall, these findings can inform development of next-generation vaccines that better recapitulate natural CD8+ T cell immunity to SARS-CoV-2. Identification of CD8 + T cell epitopes in five HLA-A*01:01 patients Coronavirus Disease 2019, or COVID-19, is a global pandemic that has claimed over a million lives world-wide and has affected countless more. We focused on memory cells to identify epitopes that are functionally recognized during the course of SARS-CoV-2 infection and included patients with a J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f range of symptoms to determine if any obvious associations are observed between CD8 + T cell response and disease severity.
    keywords: cd8; cells; cov-2; epitopes; figure; hla; patients; protein; sars
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        item: #3760 of 5187
          id: cord-326984-o27rp468
      author: CHIEN, Jung‐Yien
       title: Temporal changes in cytokine/chemokine profiles and pulmonary involvement in severe acute respiratory syndrome
        date: 2006-10-16
       words: 3574
      flesch: 45
     summary: Therefore, even though IL-6 concentrations were lower in SARS patients than in CAP patients, it still appeared to be an important element of the pathogenesis of lung injury in SARS. The mean ratio of IL‐6 to IL‐10 in SARS patients (4.84; range 0.41–21) was significantly higher than that in CAP patients (2.95; range 0.02–10.57) (P = 0.04).
    keywords: cap; chemokine; cytokine; levels; lung; patients; sars; syndrome
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        item: #3761 of 5187
          id: cord-327000-oyg3oyx1
      author: Li, Shasha
       title: Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus and the Host Innate Immune Response
        date: 2020-05-11
       words: 11139
      flesch: 41
     summary: These cap structures enhance the initiation of translation of viral proteins, protect viral mRNAs against cellular 5 -3 -exoribonuclease and limit the recognition of viral RNA by host innate system [120, 121] . Although several studies have been performed to understand the pathogenicity of PEDV, there remains limited information about the interaction between viral proteins and host cell factors during viral infection.
    keywords: activity; coronavirus; cov; covs; diarrhea; epidemic; expression; host; ifn; nsp1; pedv; porcine; production; protein; replication; response; rna; sars; signaling; type; virus
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        item: #3762 of 5187
          id: cord-327005-7zgolyqf
      author: Zhang, Lan
       title: Clinical Features of 33 Cases in Children Infected With SARS-CoV-2 in Anhui Province, China–A Multi-Center Retrospective Cohort Study
        date: 2020-06-16
       words: 3752
      flesch: 52
     summary: In our study, none of the cases had difficulty breathing or needed oxygen support; this is different to adult cases. Information recorded included demographic data, medical history, familial clustering, details of the confirmed patients, if any, in the family, whether they were residents of Wuhan, or traveled to Wuhan, whether they came in contact with confirmed patients, signs, and symptoms, including pharyngodynia, fever, cough, vomiting and diarrhea, fatigue, tightness in the chest, total WBC and lymphocyte percentages, levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-6, liver function, CKMB, a marker of myocardial injury, chest CT, administration of INF a, lopinavir and ritonavir, ribavirin, or arbidol, and titers of Mp-IgM, anti-parainfluenza virus IgM, anti-influenza virus IgM, and anti-adenovirus IgM.
    keywords: cases; children; fever; infection; patients; symptoms
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        item: #3763 of 5187
          id: cord-327028-dbvucvy3
      author: Zhang, Cantong
       title: Controversial treatments: An updated understanding of the coronavirus disease 2019
        date: 2020-04-10
       words: 1905
      flesch: 25
     summary: mBio Comparative therapeutic efficacy of remdesivir and combination lopinavir, ritonavir, and interferon beta against MERS-CoV Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro Therapeutic efficacy of the small molecule GS-5734 against Ebola virus in rhesus monkeys Treating Ebola virus infection Mechanism of inhibition of Ebola virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase by remdesivir First case of 2019 novel coronavirus in the United States A randomized, controlled trial of Ebola virus disease therapeutics Severe 2019-nCoV Remdesivir RCT Mild/Moderate 2019-nCoV Remdesivir RCT In vitro susceptibility of 10 clinical isolates of SARS coronavirus to selected antiviral compounds Role of lopinavir/ritonavir in the treatment of SARS: initial virological and clinical findings Ribavirin and interferon-β synergistically inhibit SARS-associated coronavirus replication in animal and human cell lines Inhibition of SARS coronavirus infection in vitro with clinically approved antiviral drugs Glycyrrhizin, an active component of liquorice roots, and replication of SARS-associated coronavirus Severe acute respiratory syndromerelated coronavirus is inhibited by interferon-α SARS: systematic review of treatment effects Clinical features and short-term outcomes of 144 patients with SARS in the greater Toronto area Common adverse events associated with the use of ribavirin for severe acute respiratory syndrome in Canada Clinical features and short-term outcomes of 144 patients with SARS in the greater Toronto area Severe acute respiratory syndrome: report of treatment and outcome after a major outbreak Pre-emptive use of aerosolized ribavirin in the treatment of asymptomatic pediatric marrow transplant patients testing positive for RSV Chinese Clinical Guidance. Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread Multicenter collaboration group of Department of Science and Technology of Guangdong Province and Health Commission of Guangdong Province for chloroquine in the treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia.
    keywords: coronavirus; novel; patients; remdesivir; sars; treatment
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        item: #3764 of 5187
          id: cord-327063-ea7a1xfl
      author: Dhama, Kuldeep
       title: SARS-CoV-2 jumping the species barrier: zoonotic lessons from SARS, MERS and recent advances to combat this pandemic virus
        date: 2020-08-02
       words: 11075
      flesch: 42
     summary: CORONAVIRUS DISEASE 2019 UPDATE (22): COMPANION ANIMAL, DOG SUSPECTED, REQUEST FOR INFORMATION Infection of dogs with SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus can infect cats -dogs, not so much First detection and genome sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 in an infected cat in France Virology: SARS virus infection of cats and ferrets Belgian cat infected by owner. key: cord-327063-ea7a1xfl authors: Dhama, Kuldeep; Patel, Shailesh Kumar; Sharun, Khan; Pathak, Mamta; Tiwari, Ruchi; Yatoo, Mohd Iqbal; Malik, Yashpal Singh; Sah, Ranjit; Rabaan, Ali A.; Panwar, Parmod Kumar; Singh, Karam Pal; Michalak, Izabela; Chaicumpa, Wanpen; Martinez-Pulgarin, Dayron F.; Bonilla-Aldana, D. Katterine; Rodriguez-Morales, Alfonso J. title: SARS-CoV-2 jumping the species barrier: zoonotic lessons from SARS, MERS and recent advances to combat this pandemic virus date: 2020-08-02 journal:
    keywords: animal; bats; cases; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; covs; disease; health; host; human; infection; mers; novel; pandemic; patients; pneumonia; receptor; sars; species; spillover; transmission
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        item: #3765 of 5187
          id: cord-327084-r12copka
      author: Zhang, Chenxi
       title: Survey of Insomnia and Related Social Psychological Factors Among Medical Staff Involved in the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease Outbreak
        date: 2020-04-14
       words: 4092
      flesch: 45
     summary: Front Psychiatry DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00306 sha: doc_id: 327084 cord_uid: r12copka OBJECTIVE: The outbreak of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) not only caused particularly large public health problems, but also caused great psychological distress, especially for medical staff. We aimed to investigate the prevalence rate of insomnia and to confirm the related social psychological factors among medical staff in hospitals during the COVID-19 outbreak.
    keywords: covid-19; factors; insomnia; outbreak; staff; study; symptoms
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        item: #3766 of 5187
          id: cord-327086-u3l8nr73
      author: Mauvais-Jarvis, Franck
       title: Estradiol, Progesterone, Immunomodulation, and COVID-19 Outcomes
        date: 2020-07-30
       words: 4720
      flesch: 25
     summary: High physiological concentrations of E2 and P4 possibly synergize to mitigate innate immune cells production of proinflammatory cytokines, promote T cells' anti-inflammatory responses and immune tolerance, and stimulate antibody production by B cells (Fig. 1 ). In an attempt to protect the body from SARS-CoV-2, immune cells infiltrate the lungs, causing hyperactivation of monocytes and macrophages, and elevated production of proinflammatory cytokines (eg, interleukin-6
    keywords: cells; covid-19; disease; il-6; immune; inflammatory; production; responses; sars; women
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        item: #3767 of 5187
          id: cord-327095-y2zsm8sc
      author: Boretti, Alberto
       title: Favipiravir use for SARS CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-10-27
       words: 2315
      flesch: 49
     summary: This may cast doubts about the efficacy in the use for SARS CoV-2 infection. [23] include Favipiravir together with Remdesivir, Galidesivir, and Ribavirin in between the existing antiviral agents' RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitors to repurpose to treat SARS CoV-2 infection.
    keywords: fatality; favipiravir; infection; influenza; rate; sars
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        item: #3768 of 5187
          id: cord-327124-kzavc4ez
      author: Wang, Ming
       title: SARS-CoV Infection in a Restaurant from Palm Civet
        date: 2005-12-17
       words: 3422
      flesch: 55
     summary: A cook in the restaurant also tested positive for IgG antibody to SARS-CoV. Comparison of 5 complete S gene sequences (3,768 nt) from palm civets at the restaurant, 22 S gene sequences from SARS patients in the early 2003 epidemic, and 2 viruses isolated from palm civets in 2003 showed 60 nt polymorphisms. All 6 palm civets from the restaurant were positive for SARS-CoV. Partial S gene sequences were identical in both patients from this study and to 4 of 5 S gene sequences from palm civets from the restaurant, but different from more than 100 S gene sequences from SARS patients worldwide (6, 10, 12, 13) .
    keywords: civets; cov; gene; palm; restaurant; sars; sequences; snvs
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        item: #3769 of 5187
          id: cord-327134-egp4t82x
      author: Mukherjee, Prasenjit
       title: Structure-based virtual screening against SARS-3CLpro to identify novel non-peptidic hits
        date: 2008-04-01
       words: 6106
      flesch: 50
     summary: These inhibitors have been discovered using various techniques such as structure based virtual screening, 24, 36, 39, 35 pharmacophore based screening 40 as well as high through screening 41 methodologies. Structure based virtual screening involves the in silico evaluation of a database of molecules against the experimentally determined structure or a comparative model of the protein target using a docking program.
    keywords: binding; bond; docking; enzyme; hydrogen; hydrophobic; molecules; pose; sars-3cl; screening; site; structure
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        item: #3770 of 5187
          id: cord-327138-l2m2g0v8
      author: Ren, Chao
       title: Comparison of clinical laboratory tests between bacterial sepsis and SARS-CoV-2-associated viral sepsis
        date: 2020-08-04
       words: 882
      flesch: 46
     summary: Meanwhile, ICU mortality rates were significantly higher in patients with bacterial sepsis than those with viral sepsis [34.8% (16/46) vs. 4.8% (1/21), P = 0.013]. In the development of viral sepsis, the loss of T lymphocytes and their subsets was the dominant characteristics of dysregulated immune response, thereby contributing to the imbalance between innate and adaptive immune systems; while excessive inflammatory activation was the main feature of bacterial sepsis, which further resulted in intractable immune suppression and multiple organ dysfunction.
    keywords: cov-2; sars; sepsis
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        item: #3771 of 5187
          id: cord-327169-sz4ildnd
      author: Mondoni, Michele
       title: Utility and safety of bronchoscopy during SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in Italy: a retrospective, multicenter study
        date: 2020-08-28
       words: 1348
      flesch: 35
     summary: The indications of bronchoscopy were: -diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in patients with previously negative nasopharyngeal swab (clinical and radiological suspicion of pneumonia); -need for undelayable procedures in COVID-19 patients (e.g., massive hemoptysis, post-obstructive atelectasis). Similar findings were recently described by Torrego et al. in a Spanish cohort of COVID-19 patients who underwent bronchoscopy in ICU
    keywords: bronchoscopy; covid-19; diagnosis; patients; sars
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        item: #3772 of 5187
          id: cord-327214-kcbxyhhh
      author: Eketunde, Adenike O
       title: A Review of Postmortem Findings in Patients With COVID-19
        date: 2020-07-28
       words: 2733
      flesch: 38
     summary: There is a strong association with the hyperinflammatory state, which can be explained by most of the signs and symptoms that are exhibited by COVID-19 patients, including most of the pathological findings. According to Merad and Martin's study, the hyper inflammation in severe COVID-19 patients shared similarities with cytokine release syndromes, including macrophages activation syndrome.
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; disease; findings; macrophages; patients; sars
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        item: #3773 of 5187
          id: cord-327240-nohxk3y6
      author: Muller, Matthew P.
       title: Adverse Events Associated with High‐Dose Ribavirin: Evidence from the Toronto Outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
        date: 2012-01-06
       words: 4555
      flesch: 44
     summary: Hypocalcemia occurred frequently in nontreated patients, was not dose dependent, and was not statistically significantly associated with ribavirin treatment in the primary adjusted analysis. Clinicians aware of potential ribavirin adverse events may have tested for, or recorded, these events more frequently in ribavirin-treated patients.
    keywords: dose; events; patients; ribavirin; sars; severe; treatment; use
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        item: #3774 of 5187
          id: cord-327247-dbcacphq
      author: Grace, Sherry L.
       title: The Occupational and Psychosocial Impact of SARS on Academic Physicians in Three Affected Hospitals
        date: 2011-04-12
       words: 3023
      flesch: 40
     summary: Moreover, physicians as a group are more homogeneous with regard to knowledge, training, attitudes, and behavior than the general population, suggesting that nonresponse bias may not be as crucial in physician surveys as in surveys of the general population. The main limitation of this study pertains to the response rate, although our rate equates closely to other physician surveys in the literature.
    keywords: care; health; outbreaks; patients; physicians; sars; symptoms; work
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        item: #3775 of 5187
          id: cord-327259-7o7fs4yb
      author: Correa, I. A.
       title: Boosting SARS-CoV-2 qRT-PCR detection combining pool sample strategy and mathematical modeling
        date: 2020-08-19
       words: 4586
      flesch: 50
     summary: key: cord-327259-7o7fs4yb authors: Correa, I. A.; Rodrigues, T. d. S.; Queiroz, A.; Nascimento, L. d. F.; Wolff, T.; Akamine, R. N.; Kuriyama, S. N.; Costa, L.; Fidalgo-Neto, A. A. title: Boosting SARS-CoV-2 qRT-PCR detection combining pool sample strategy and mathematical modeling date: 2020-08-19 journal: nan DOI: 10.1101/2020.08.16.20167536 sha: doc_id: 327259 cord_uid: 7o7fs4yb qRT-PCR is the gold standard technique available for SARS-CoV-2 detection. Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard Considerations in adjusting public health and social measures in the context of COVID-19 COVID-19 epidemic in Switzerland: on the importance of testing, contact tracing and isolation per million population Clinical management of COVID-19: interim guidance Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) technical guidance: Laboratory testing for 2019-nCoV in humans Pooling of sera for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing: an economical method for use in developing countries Pooling Nasopharyngeal/Throat Swab Specimens To Increase Testing Capacity for Influenza Viruses by PCR Assessment of Specimen Pooling to Conserve SARS CoV-2 Testing Resources The Detection of Defective Members of Large Populations Pooling Samples: the Key to Sensitive, Specific and Cost-effective Genetic Diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis in Low-Resource Countries Utility of Pooled Urine Specimens for Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Men Attending Public Sexually Transmitted Infection Clinics in Mumbai, India, by PCR Optimal pooled testing Evaluation of Group Testing for SARS-CoV-2 RNA.
    keywords: cost; pooling; pools; preprint; prevalence; rna; samples; sars; testing
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        item: #3776 of 5187
          id: cord-327263-d5mmeu96
      author: Christoff, A. P.
       title: Swab pooling for large-scale RT-qPCR screening of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-09-05
       words: 4136
      flesch: 42
     summary: In sample pooling, the dilution factor is equal to the number of individual samples within a pool, yielding expected mean Cq differences of at least 3.32 Cq and as high as 7.37 Cq depending on the number of pooled samples and the amplification efficiency. Further, sample pooling can lead to increased laboratory workload and operational complexity.
    keywords: individual; license; medrxiv; medrxiv preprint; perpetuity; pooling; preprint; swab
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        item: #3777 of 5187
          id: cord-327272-fspxett8
      author: Buonaguro, Luigi
       title: Knowledge-based repositioning of the anti-HCV direct antiviral agent Sofosbuvir as SARS-CoV-2 treatment
        date: 2020-05-12
       words: 1440
      flesch: 34
     summary: In the specific case of SARS-CoV-2, and in general in the case of RNA viruses, the most specific target is represented by the RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase (RdRp) which is specific to each RNA virus, regardless the polarity of the viral RNA genome [10, 11] . The alignment of RdRp sequences from HCV and the three epidemic/pandemic coronaviruses, confirms the high homology and conservation in several residues along the sequence and in particular in the Motif B and C. On the contrary, such homology is almost lost when RdRp sequences from the three epidemic/pandemic coronaviruses are aligned with those from negativesense RNA viruses, namely Ebola, Influenza, Rabies and Vesicular Stomatitis viruses
    keywords: cov-2; rdrp; rna; sars; sofosbuvir
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        item: #3778 of 5187
          id: cord-327273-7ntp7x8d
      author: Street, Renée
       title: COVID-19 wastewater surveillance: An African perspective
        date: 2020-07-03
       words: 842
      flesch: 42
     summary: key: cord-327273-7ntp7x8d authors: Street, Renée; Malema, Shirley; Mahlangeni, Nomfundo; Mathee, Angela title: COVID-19 wastewater surveillance: An African perspective date: 2020-07-03 journal: Sci Total Environ DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140719 sha: doc_id: 327273 cord_uid: 7ntp7x8d Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has once again highlighted the importance of access to sufficient quantities of safe water and sanitation in public health. Therefore, wastewater surveillance systems may prove critical in many low-and middle-income countries where health systems infrastructure, testing systems, personal protective equipment (PPE) and human resource capacity are constrained [25, 26] .
    keywords: covid-19; surveillance; wastewater
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        item: #3779 of 5187
          id: cord-327318-qhrsli0b
      author: Shen, Qian
       title: Consensus recommendations for the care of children receiving chronic dialysis in association with the COVID-19 epidemic
        date: 2020-04-24
       words: 3152
      flesch: 41
     summary: Dialysis patients with underlying lung disease and those on immunosuppressive medications are at an even higher risk for infection-related complications. HD patient management (Table 3) Patient education Basic knowledge about COVID-19 and possible precautionary measures should be shared with dialysis patients and families.
    keywords: covid-19; dialysis; medical; patients; sars; staff
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        item: #3780 of 5187
          id: cord-327349-rxb6zfoc
      author: Au, Lewis
       title: Cancer, COVID-19, and antiviral immunity: the CAPTURE study
        date: 2020-09-03
       words: 4534
      flesch: 25
     summary: key: cord-327349-rxb6zfoc authors: Au, Lewis; Boos, Laura Amanda; Swerdlow, Anthony; Byrne, Fiona; Shepherd, Scott T.C.; Fendler, Annika; Turajlic, Samra title: Cancer, COVID-19, and antiviral immunity: the CAPTURE study date: 2020-09-03 journal: Cell DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.09.005 sha: doc_id: 327349 cord_uid: rxb6zfoc The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has posed a significant challenge for risk evaluation and mitigation amongst cancer patients. Susceptibility to and severity of COVID-19 in cancer patients has not been studied in a prospective and broadly applicable manner.
    keywords: cancer; capture; cov-2; covid-19; immune; infection; outcomes; patients; response; risk; sars; study
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        item: #3781 of 5187
          id: cord-327392-9psblokc
      author: Srivastava, A.K.
       title: Potential of Graphene-based Materials to Combat COVID-19: Properties, Perspectives and Prospects
        date: 2020-10-21
       words: 4056
      flesch: 51
     summary: [15] have emphasized over the various modes of interactions among graphene materials and different virions that can helps in blocking or destroying the viruses. Authors also briefed over the plausible role of the graphene textiles and filters in controlling the epidemiological spread of COVID-19 and implications of graphene materials for development of environmental sensors.
    keywords: biosensors; cov-2; covid-19; detection; graphene; materials; piezoelectric; properties; sars; virus
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        item: #3782 of 5187
          id: cord-327405-xgtqfwyn
      author: Liu, Bing
       title: Reduced numbers of T cells and B cells correlates with persistent SARS-CoV-2 presence in non-severe COVID-19 patients
        date: 2020-10-19
       words: 3729
      flesch: 45
     summary: We aimed to examine adaptive immune cells in non-severe patients with persistent SARS-CoV-2 shedding. We focused on non-severe patients with persistent viral presence, and found that the PP group had markedly higher lymphocyte count (1.5 [1.3-1.8] vs 0.9
    keywords: cells; covid-19; group; patients; sars; t cells
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        item: #3783 of 5187
          id: cord-327431-dnppshnv
      author: Hognon, Cécilia
       title: Role of RNA Guanine Quadruplexes in Favoring the Dimerization of SARS Unique Domain in Coronaviruses
        date: 2020-05-27
       words: 2465
      flesch: 33
     summary: However, the removal of the mRNA necessary to produce these signaling factors by viral SUD may impair the apoptosis/survival response pathways allowing massive cell infection. In particular, we can easily distinguish between a first mode of binding in which the G4 mainly interacts with only one SUD monomer, called monomeric binding mode, and a second one in which the nucleic acid is firmly placed at the interface between the two protein monomeric subunits, referred as dimeric binding mode.
    keywords: binding; domain; mode; rna; sars; sud
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        item: #3784 of 5187
          id: cord-327454-o1mrpgvj
      author: Hemmati-Dinarvand, Farshad
       title: Mysterious Virus: A Review on Behavior and Treatment Approaches of the Novel Coronavirus, 2019-nCoV
        date: 2020-05-06
       words: 3231
      flesch: 36
     summary: respiratory syndrome coronavirus TMPRSS2 contributes to virus spread and immunopathology in the airways of murine models after coronavirus infection Overlapping and discrete aspects of the pathology and pathogenesis of the emerging human pathogenic coronaviruses SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and 2019-nCoV Emergence of novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV: need for rapid vaccine and biologics development Recent apprise on coronavirus and its terrible insinuations Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72 314 cases from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Diagnosis and treatment recommendations for pediatric respiratory infection caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study A familial cluster of infection associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating possible person-to-person transmission during the incubation period Initial public health response and interim clinical guidance for the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak-United States Persons evaluated for 2019 novel coronavirus-United States Epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of novel coronavirus infections involving 13 patients outside Wuhan, China Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China Importation and human-to-human transmission of a novel coronavirus in Vietnam A locally transmitted case of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Taiwan National Recommendations for Diagnosis and Treatment of pneumonia caused by 2019-nCoV (the 4th edition). It is worth noting that J. x-x Running title: 2019-nCoV; Behavior and Treatment Approaches Outbreak of Pneumonia of Unknown Etiology in Wuhan China: the Mystery and the Miracle Emerging coronaviruses: genome structure, replication, and pathogenesis Recent insights into 2019-nCoV: a brief but comprehensive review Origin and evolution of pathogenic coronaviruses Coronavirus infections and immune responses A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus-The species and its viruses, a statement of the Coronavirus Study Group 50 years of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses: progress and prospects A new emerging zoonotic virus of concern: the 2019 novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Family coronaviridae A47 Origin and possible genetic recombination of the middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus from the first imported case in china: phylogenetics and coalescence analysis Ultrastructure and origin of membrane vesicles associated with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus replication complex Genomic characterization of the 2019 novel human-pathogenic coronavirus isolated from a patient with atypical pneumonia after visiting Wuhan Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin The molecular biology of coronaviruses Emerging novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)-current scenario, evolutionary perspective based on genome analysis and recent developments Genomic characterization of the 2019 novel human-pathogenic coronavirus isolated from a patient with atypical pneumonia after visiting Wuhan Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus Structure of SARS coronavirus spike receptor-binding domain complexed with receptor Discovery of a novel coronavirus associated with the recent pneumonia outbreak in humans and its potential bat origin Immunohistochemical, in situ hybridization, and ultrastructural localization of SARS-associated coronavirus in lung of a fatal case of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Taiwan Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus.
    keywords: 2019; cells; coronavirus; ncov; novel; pneumonia; sars; syndrome; treatment
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        item: #3785 of 5187
          id: cord-327459-tyhy784d
      author: Gómez-Rial, J.
       title: A strategy targeting monocyte-macrophage differentiation to avoid pulmonary complications in SARS-Cov2 infection
        date: 2020-04-23
       words: 786
      flesch: 16
     summary: Crit Care Influenza pandemics: past, present and future Dysregulated Type I Interferon and Inflammatory Monocyte-Macrophage Responses Cause Lethal Pneumonia in SARS-CoV-Infected Mice Cytokine responses in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-infected macrophages in vitro: possible relevance to pathogenesis Anti-spike IgG causes severe acute lung injury by skewing macrophage responses during acute SARS-CoV infection Monocyte recruitment during infection and inflammation Defining GM-CSF-and macrophage-CSF-dependent macrophage responses by in vitro models GM-CSF-Dependent Inflammatory Pathways. Preliminary results indicate that therapeutic blockade of interleukin-6 (IL-6), another macrophage related-cytokine involved in RA pathogenesis, is also effective in severe COVID-19 patients [12] .
    keywords: covid-19; cytokine; macrophage
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        item: #3786 of 5187
          id: cord-327499-4aps0kvp
      author: Zhang, Wei
       title: Molecular and serological investigation of 2019-nCoV infected patients: implication of multiple shedding routes
        date: 2020-02-17
       words: 1986
      flesch: 59
     summary: Above all, we strongly suggest using viral IgM and IgG serological test to confirm an infection, considering the unreliable results from oral swabs detection. It was believed that 2019-nCoV was transmitted through respiratory tract and then induced pneumonia, thus molecular diagnosis based on oral swabs was used for confirmation of this disease.
    keywords: ncov; patients; positive; swabs; virus
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        item: #3787 of 5187
          id: cord-327501-8s6dvanf
      author: Schwaiger, Julia
       title: No SARS-CoV-2 Neutralization by Intravenous Immunoglobulins Produced From Plasma Collected Before the 2020 Pandemic
        date: 2020-09-17
       words: 2373
      flesch: 42
     summary: With increasing numbers of human infections, including in the plasma donor community, it is interesting to follow the development of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in plasma donations and, after the several months production cycle time between plasma donation and IVIG lot release, also in IVIG lots. In Austria, testing of plasma pool samples indicated that up to 1.17% of plasma donors were positive for SARS-CoV-2 nAbs.
    keywords: antibodies; cov-2; ivig; lots; plasma; sars
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        item: #3788 of 5187
          id: cord-327511-e3idvknz
      author: Trifan, G.
       title: Characteristics of a Diverse Cohort of Stroke Patients with SARS-CoV-2 and Outcome by Sex
        date: 2020-09-11
       words: 3486
      flesch: 49
     summary: The effect of sex on stroke patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection has not been investigated. In our cohort, we observed that the presentation of stroke patients with SARS-CoV-2 was more pleomorphic with almost 40% of our cases having mild to moderate symptoms of COVID-19 or being asymptomatic at presentation.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; females; males; patients; sars; stroke; study
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        item: #3789 of 5187
          id: cord-327520-qj7coqfr
      author: Wei, Yulong
       title: Coronavirus genomes carry the signatures of their habitats
        date: 2020-06-13
       words: 1397
      flesch: 29
     summary: key: cord-327520-qj7coqfr authors: Wei, Yulong; Silke, Jordan R.; Aris, Parisa; Xia, Xuhua title: Coronavirus genomes carry the signatures of their habitats date: 2020-06-13 journal: bioRxiv DOI: 10.1101/2020.06.13.149591 sha: doc_id: 327520 cord_uid: qj7coqfr Coronaviruses such as SARS-CoV-2 regularly infect host tissues that express antiviral proteins (AVPs) in abundance. 209 Next, among 2666 high sequence quality and complete SARS-CoV-2 genomes from CNCB, we records of tissue infection are located in Supplemental File S1).
    keywords: apobec3; cpg; fig; sars; tissues
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        item: #3790 of 5187
          id: cord-327575-5pcnuqgy
      author: Morrisette, Taylor
       title: The Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Properties of Hydroxychloroquine and Dose Selection for COVID-19: Putting the Cart Before the Horse
        date: 2020-08-01
       words: 5456
      flesch: 41
     summary: In healthy males who received a single HCQ 200 mg oral dose, a mean peak blood HCQ concentration of 0.1296 mcg/ml was achieved in 3.26 h, while a peak plasma HCQ concentration of 0.0503 mcg/ ml was achieved in 3.74 h. Tett and colleagues performed a randomized, crossover study in which the HCQ 155 mg oral tablet was compared to an intravenous infusion of racemic HCQ 155 mg to evaluate the absolute bioavailability of the commercially available HCQ tablet. Maisonnasse and colleagues found that HCQ concentrations in the lung were higher than in plasma, with lung:plasma ratios ranging from 27 to 177 in macaques [25] .
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; hcq; hydroxychloroquine; patients; sars; studies; values
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        item: #3791 of 5187
          id: cord-327601-4uqgwlnx
      author: Bangash, Mansoor N.
       title: SARS-CoV-2: is the liver merely a bystander to severe disease?
        date: 2020-06-02
       words: 979
      flesch: 31
     summary: Based on the above perspectives, we feel that raised liver aminotransferases associated with SARS-CoV-2 positivity are more likely attributable to illness severity, in which host response and iatrogenic harm (i.e. drugs, ventilation) drive bystander liver injury, thus explaining its association with mortality and in an analogous fashion to patterns seen in sepsis. The fact that increases in liver aminotransferases occur and tend to parallel the severity of pulmonary disease remains unquestioned 2 , however, whether the liver injury is a true viral hepatitis rather than a bystander to the multi-organ pathophysiology of critical illness requires further discussion.
    keywords: injury; liver; patients; sars
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        item: #3792 of 5187
          id: cord-327616-uu9uygic
      author: Wazny, Vanessa
       title: Vascular underpinning of COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-27
       words: 6998
      flesch: 28
     summary: In vitro modelling of human endothelial cells derived from distinct tissues has shown that the flavivirus nonstructural protein 1, from dengue, Zika, West Nile, Japanese encephalitis and yellow fever viruses, binds to endothelial cells and disrupts the endothelial glycocalyx components, triggering hyperpermeability and vascular dysfunction, in a tissue-specific manner A associated with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 were found by proteomics by using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry SARS-CoV-2 invades host cells via a novel route: CD147-spike protein Clinical study of anti-CD147 humanized meplazumab for injection to treat with 2019-nCoV pneumonia Tissue distribution of basigin and monocarboxylate transporter 1 in the adult male mouse: a study using the wild-type and basigin gene knockout mice 2020 CD147 (BSG) but not ACE2 expression is detectable in vascular endothelial cells within single cell RNA sequencing datasets derived from multiple tissues in healthy individuals Function of CD147 in atherosclerosis and atherothrombosis Autophagy as a regulated pathway of cellular degradation Selective autophagy and xenophagy in infection and disease.
    keywords: ace2; angiotensin; cd147; cells; covid-19; disease; endothelial; entry; expression; infection; patients; sars; study; syndrome; vascular
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        item: #3793 of 5187
          id: cord-327622-ezgufe24
      author: Kaur, Ramandeep
       title: Practical strategies to reduce nosocomial transmission to healthcare professionals providing respiratory care to patients with COVID-19
        date: 2020-09-23
       words: 6338
      flesch: 37
     summary: Influenza Other Respir Viruses Dynamics of infectious disease transmission by inhalable respiratory droplets Guidelines for preventing the transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in health-care settings Survival of influenza viruses on environmental surfaces Aerosol and surface stability of SARS-CoV-2 as compared with SARS-CoV-1 High-flow nasal cannula for COVID-19 patients: low risk of bio-aerosol dispersion Dispersal of respiratory droplets with open vs closed oxygen delivery masks: implications for the transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome Year in review 2019: high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen therapy for adult patients High flow nasal cannula compared with conventional oxygen therapy for acute hypoxemic respiratory failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis Use of high flow nasal therapy to treat moderate to severe hypoxemic respiratory failure in Exhaled air dispersion during high flow nasal cannula therapy versus CPAP via different masks Preliminary findings on control of dispersion of aerosols and droplets during high-velocity nasal insufflation therapy using a simple surgical mask: implications for the high-flow nasal cannula Acute febrile respiratory illness in the ICU: reducing disease transmission Expert Consensus on Preventing Nosocomial Transmission During Respiratory Care for Critically Ill Patients Infected by 2019 Novel coronavirus pneumonia Everyone with asthma should have a metered dose inhaler and a spacer Nasal high flow in management of children with status asthmaticus: a retrospective observational study Epoprostenol delivered via high flow nasal cannula for ICU subjects with severe hypoxemia comorbid with pulmonary hypertension or right heart dysfunction The clinical impact of flow titration on epoprostenol delivery via high flow nasal cannula for ICU patients with pulmonary hypertension or right ventricular dysfunction: a retrospective cohort comparison study The ratio of nasal cannula gas flow to patient inspiratory flow on trans-nasal pulmonary aerosol delivery for adults: an in vitro study Decrease the flow setting to improve trans-nasal pulmonary aerosol delivery via high-flow nasal cannula to infants and toddlers Effect of noninvasive ventilation delivered by helmet vs face mask on the rate of endotracheal intubation in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: a randomized clinical trial Noninvasive ventilation of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Influenza Other Respir Viruses Exhaled air dispersion during noninvasive ventilation via helmets and a total facemask Staff safety during emergency airway management for COVID-19 in Hong Kong Practical recommendations for critical care and anesthesiology teams caring for novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) patients Emergency tracheal intubation in 202 patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: lessons learnt and international expert recommendations ventilatory and intensive care Expert recommendations for tracheal intubation in critically ill patients with noval coronavirus disease Barrier enclosure during endotracheal intubation New device and technique to protect intubation operators against COVID-19 COVID-19): anesthetic concerns, including airway management and infection control High-flow nasal cannula therapy as apneic oxygenation during endotracheal intubation in critically ill patients in the intensive care unit: a systematic review and metaanalysis Mask ventilation and dispersion of exhaled air Effect of ventilator circuit changes on ventilator-associated pneumonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis Trends in tracheostomy for mechanically ventilated patients in the United States Tracheotomy in ventilated patients with COVID-19 CORONA-steps for tracheotomy in COVID-19 patients: a staff-safe method for airway management Negativepressure aerosol cover for COVID-19 tracheostomy Does endotracheal tube clamping prevent air leaks and maintain positive endexpiratory pressure during the switching of a ventilator in a patient in an intensive care unit?
    keywords: aerosol; air; covid-19; dispersion; filter; flow; intubation; mask; nasal; patients; respiratory; transmission; ventilation
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        item: #3794 of 5187
          id: cord-327653-2gn9h4i2
      author: Vallinoto, Antonio Carlos Rosário
       title: The challenges of COVID-19 in the Brazilian Amazonian communities and the importance of seroepidemiological surveillance studies
        date: 2020-08-15
       words: 1721
      flesch: 23
     summary: According to the National Committee for Indigenous Life and Memory, a third of Brazilian indigenous populations, a total of 111 groups (44 ethnicities), would have already been affected by COVID-19, with more than 7000 infected and 300 deaths; this led the National Council of Justice (CNJ) of Brazil to create an observatory to monitor the protection of indigenous peoples [9] . Researchers from the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIO-CRUZ) and the Getulio Vargas Foundation (FGV) produced a report on the risk of COVID-19 spreading among indigenous populations, according to the geographic and sociodemographic vulnerability of this segment.
    keywords: communities; coronavirus; cov-2; health; indigenous; sars
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        item: #3795 of 5187
          id: cord-327654-9g8zcxaa
      author: Chi, Xiaojing
       title: Humanized single domain antibodies neutralize SARS-CoV-2 by targeting the spike receptor binding domain
        date: 2020-09-10
       words: 5017
      flesch: 46
     summary: For antibody neutralization assay, Vero cells were seeded in 96-well plates at 1 day prior to infection. Humanized sdAbs obtained in this study are about 125 amino acids with a single VHH domain in average molecular weight less than 15KDa (Fig. 1a) .
    keywords: antibodies; antibody; binding; cells; cov-2; domain; fig; human; neutralization; protein; rbd; sars; sdabs; virus
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        item: #3796 of 5187
          id: cord-327661-osx42wdh
      author: Schaefer, E. J.
       title: Coronavirus Disease-2019 Case, Death, and Testing Rates in the United States and Worldwide: Primary Data and Review
        date: 2020-10-14
       words: 4001
      flesch: 53
     summary: Clearly higher testing rates are not associated with lower case rates, but in fact, with higher case rates. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.13.20172957 doi: medRxiv preprint Figure 1 , the northeastern states of New Jersey, New York, Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island (red circles) had the highest death rates per case, while the southern states (orange circles) of Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Georgia, and one western state Arizona had higher case rates, but generally much lower mortality rates.
    keywords: cov-2; license; medrxiv; preprint; rates; sars; states; testing
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        item: #3797 of 5187
          id: cord-327681-c2kmog0g
      author: Feng, Zhilan
       title: Timely identification of optimal control strategies for emerging infectious diseases()
        date: 2009-07-07
       words: 4612
      flesch: 44
     summary: To weigh possible interventions to control infectious disease outbreaks, modelers must faithfully represent transmission. When is quarantine a useful control strategy for emerging infectious diseases Epidemiological models with non-exponentially distributed disease stages and applications to disease control Factors that make infectious disease outbreaks controllable Faster y, but fast enough?
    keywords: control; people; prodrome; quarantine
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        item: #3798 of 5187
          id: cord-327685-fymfqvp3
      author: Channappanavar, Rudragouda
       title: Pathogenic human coronavirus infections: causes and consequences of cytokine storm and immunopathology
        date: 2017-05-02
       words: 5844
      flesch: 29
     summary: expression impair respiratory DC migration, resulting in diminished T cell responses upon respiratory virus infection in mice A live, impaired-fidelity coronavirus vaccine protects in an aged, immunocompromised mouse model of lethal disease Early upregulation of acute respiratory distress syndrome-associated cytokines promotes lethal disease in an aged-mouse model of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Exacerbated innate host response to SARS-CoV in aged non-human primates Toll-like receptor 3 signaling via TRIF contributes to a protective innate immune response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection The PDZ-binding motif of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus envelope protein is a determinant of viral pathogenesis Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus envelope protein ion channel activity promotes virus fitness and pathogenesis Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus E protein transports calcium ions and activates the NLRP3 inflammasome Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) causes transient lower respiratory tract infection in rhesus macaques Asymptomatic Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in rabbits Prophylaxis with a Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV)-specific human monoclonal antibody protects rabbits from MERS-CoV infection Infection with MERS-CoV causes lethal pneumonia in the common marmoset Intratracheal exposure of common marmosets to MERS-CoV Jordan-n3/2012 or MERS-CoV EMC/ 2012 isolates does not result in lethal disease Receptor variation and susceptibility to Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Rapid generation of a mouse model for Middle East respiratory syndrome Animal models for SARS and MERS coronaviruses Animal models of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Pre-and postexposure efficacy of fully human antibodies against Spike protein in a novel humanized mouse model of MERS-CoV infection A mouse model for MERS coronavirusinduced acute respiratory distress syndrome Mouse-adapted MERS coronavirus causes lethal lung disease in human DPP4 knockin mice Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus ORF6 antagonizes STAT1 function by sequestering nuclear import factors on the rough endoplasmic reticulum/Golgi membrane Interaction of SARS and MERS coronaviruses with the antiviral interferon response Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus nsp1 suppresses host gene expression, including that of type I interferon, in infected cells Coronavirus papain-like proteases negatively regulate antiviral innate immune response through disruption of STING-mediated signaling Interferon and cytokine responses to SARS-coronavirus infection SARS coronavirus pathogenesis: host innate immune responses and viral antagonism of interferon Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus evades antiviral signaling: role of nsp1 and rational design of an attenuated strain The Conserved Coronavirus Macrodomain Promotes Virulence and Suppresses the Innate Immune Response during Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus papain-like protease ubiquitin-like domain and catalytic domain regulate antagonism of IRF3 and NF-kappaB signaling Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus open reading frame (ORF) 3b, ORF 6, and nucleocapsid proteins function as interferon antagonists SARS-CoV nucleocapsid protein antagonizes IFN-beta response by targeting initial step of IFN-beta induction pathway, and its C-terminal region is critical for the antagonism Suppression of innate antiviral response by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus M protein is mediated through the first transmembrane domain Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus M protein suppresses type I interferon expression through the inhibition of TBK1-dependent phosphorylation of IRF3 The structural and accessory proteins M, ORF 4a, ORF 4b, and ORF 5 of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) are potent interferon antagonists Initial viral load and the outcomes of SARS Proliferative growth of SARS coronavirus in Vero E6 cells Viral load kinetics of MERS coronavirus infection Lung epithelial apoptosis in influenza virus pneumonia: the role of macrophage-expressed TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand Macrophage-expressed IFN-beta contributes to apoptotic alveolar epithelial cell injury in severe influenza virus pneumonia Cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein cIAP2 protects against pulmonary tissue necrosis during influenza virus infection to promote host survival T cell responses are required for protection from clinical disease and for virus clearance in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-infected mice Adaptive immune cells temper initial innate responses Not so fast: adaptive suppression of innate immunity Transcriptomic analysis reveals a mechanism for a prefibrotic phenotype in STAT1 knockout mice during severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Induction of alternatively activated macrophages enhances pathogenesis during severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Genome wide identification of SARS-CoV susceptibility loci using the collaborative cross Clinical features and virological analysis of a case of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Acute respiratory distress syndrome in critically ill patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Characterization of cytokine/chemokine profiles of severe acute respiratory syndrome Expression profile of immune response genes in patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome SARS: systematic review of treatment effects Ribavirin and interferon therapy in patients infected with the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: an observational study Treatment with interferon-alpha2b and ribavirin improves outcome in MERS-CoV-infected rhesus macaques Ribavirin and interferon alfa-2a for severe Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection: a retrospective cohort study The use of corticosteroid as treatment in SARS was associated with adverse outcomes: a retrospective cohort study High-dose pulse versus nonpulse corticosteroid regimens in severe acute respiratory syndrome Corticosteroid treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Pegylated interferon-alpha protects type 1 pneumocytes against SARS coronavirus infection in macaques Coronaviruses-drug discovery and therapeutic options IFNlambda is a potent anti-influenza therapeutic without the inflammatory side effects of IFNalpha treatment IFN-lambda resolves inflammation via suppression of neutrophil infiltration and IL-1beta production Identification of oxidative stress and Toll-like receptor 4 signaling as a key pathway of acute lung injury The TLR4 antagonist Eritoran protects mice from lethal influenza infection Endothelial cells are central orchestrators of cytokine amplification during influenza virus infection Suppression of cytokine storm with a sphingosine analog provides protection against pathogenic influenza virus Silencing of CCR2 in myocarditis Therapeutic siRNA silencing in inflammatory monocytes in mice Immunomodulatory therapy for severe influenza The effect of inhibition of PP1 and TNFalpha signaling on pathogenesis of SARS coronavirus Acknowledgements We thank Dr. Anthony Fehr for careful review of this manuscript. key: cord-327685-fymfqvp3 authors: Channappanavar, Rudragouda; Perlman, Stanley title: Pathogenic human coronavirus infections: causes and consequences of cytokine storm and immunopathology date: 2017-05-02 journal:
    keywords: acute; coronavirus; cov; disease; ifn; infection; mers; mice; pathogenic; responses; sars; syndrome
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        item: #3799 of 5187
          id: cord-327690-di7hfghi
      author: Yang, Xiaobo
       title: Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study
        date: 2020-02-24
       words: 3860
      flesch: 49
     summary: In three previously published studies of crtically ill patients, the patient numbers were too small to summarise the characteristics and mortality of these patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. 4 Trials on remdesivir are about to recruit both mild to moderate patients (NCT04252664) and severe patients (NCT04257656) infected with SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: acute; clinical; cov-2; infection; patients; pneumonia; sars
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        item: #3800 of 5187
          id: cord-327711-welf0eb1
      author: Zhou, Daming
       title: Structural basis for the neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 by an antibody from a convalescent patient
        date: 2020-06-13
       words: 4867
      flesch: 45
     summary: Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) measurements for EY6A Fab showed high affinity binding to immobilised SARS-CoV-2 RBD (KD = 2 nM, although the value for immobilised EY6A IgG was somewhat higher) as derived from the kinetic data (Methods, Extended Data Fig. 1 , Extended Data Table 1 ). EY6A Fab binds tightly (KD of 2 nM) the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the viral Spike glycoprotein and a 2.6Å crystal structure of an RBD/EY6A Fab complex identifies the highly conserved epitope, away from the ACE2 receptor binding site.
    keywords: ace2; antibody; binding; complex; cov-2; data; epitope; ey6a; fab; fig; rbd; sars; spike; structure
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        item: #3801 of 5187
          id: cord-327721-y39751g4
      author: Zhang, Yan
       title: Emotional “inflection point” in public health emergencies with the 2019 New Coronavirus Pneumonia (NCP) in China
        date: 2020-07-19
       words: 5395
      flesch: 48
     summary: In addition, some students said that because of the epidemic situation, some people discriminate against Hubei citizens, and the information was leaked, which made Hubei college students angry. College students who have returned home from school face infection, isolation, and delay in starting school, and thus, their emotional stress should be observed.
    keywords: college; college students; emotions; epidemic; health; hubei; people; province; stress; students; study
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        item: #3802 of 5187
          id: cord-327799-ngzvdd8c
      author: Chaumont, Claire
       title: The SARS-CoV-2 crisis and its impact on neglected tropical diseases: Threat or opportunity?
        date: 2020-09-21
       words: 1798
      flesch: 42
     summary: Human resources for NTD activities are thus shifting due to economic crisis and health system priorities. In parallel, there is an opportunity to try different delivery models to ensure the success of NTD activities restarting while mitigating potential risks.
    keywords: community; health; ntd; ntds; treatment
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        item: #3803 of 5187
          id: cord-327808-k3jec87p
      author: Zhu, Yunkai
       title: The S1/S2 boundary of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein modulates cell entry pathways and transmission
        date: 2020-08-25
       words: 2767
      flesch: 51
     summary: The gene-edited cells were infected with 177 pseudovirus bearing the Sdel virus S protein or, as a control, the glycoprotein of suggest that these genes mediate Sdel virus entry. This idea was supported by the identification of a suite of endosomal entry factors specific to Sdel virus by a genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screen.
    keywords: figure; sars; sdel; virus
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        item: #3804 of 5187
          id: cord-327862-zcg3baym
      author: Luo, Yiqi Ruben
       title: Kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Avidity Maturation and Association with Disease Severity
        date: 2020-09-14
       words: 1144
      flesch: 49
     summary: t 7 Magnitude and kinetics of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses and their relationship to disease severity Temporal profiles of viral load in posterior oropharyngeal saliva samples and serum antibody responses during infection by SARS-CoV-2: an observational cohort study Clinical utility of avidity assays Use of antibody avidity assays for diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Development of label-free immunoassays as novel solutions for the measurement of monoclonal antibody drugs and antidrug antibodies Antibody Avidity Maturation during Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Associated Coronavirus Infection Antibody avidity, or functional affinity, is a measure of the maturation of the humoral immune response after both infection and vaccination and typically increases over time.
    keywords: avidity; igg; sars
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        item: #3805 of 5187
          id: cord-327890-ocisq7e4
      author: Pallett, Scott J C
       title: Point-of-care serological assays for delayed SARS-CoV-2 case identification among health-care workers in the UK: a prospective multicentre cohort study
        date: 2020-07-24
       words: 5951
      flesch: 36
     summary: Lateral flow serological assay testing was done with the Onsite CTK Biotech COVID-19 split IgG/IgM Rapid Test (CTK Biotech, Poway, CA, USA) and the Encode SARS-CoV-2 split IgM/IgG SJCP, AP, SAMF-S, MR, CS, RJ, and GWD collected samples and carried out lateral flow serological assay testing at satellite sites.
    keywords: assays; care; care workers; elisa; flow; health; infection; sars; study; testing; workers
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        item: #3806 of 5187
          id: cord-327894-b0bsseui
      author: Pecellín, Lidia Gestoso
       title: Recomendaciones y uso de los diferentes tipos de test para detección de infección por SARS-COV-2
        date: 2020-10-14
       words: 4899
      flesch: 42
     summary: La enfermera que proceda a la obtención de muestra deberá llevar un equipo de protección individual para prevenir la transmisión de la infección de acuerdo con el riesgo de exposición 31 . La táctica para la contención de la epidemia fue la realización de tests masivos para conocer el número de personas contagiadas 1 .
    keywords: anticuerpos; casos; centros; como; con; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; de la; del; detección; diagnóstico; infección; las; los; muestras; más; pacientes; para; para la; pcr; por; pruebas; que; recogida; sars; según; ser; son; tests; toma; una; virus
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        item: #3807 of 5187
          id: cord-327912-wfjdxgxh
      author: Swann, Heather
       title: Minimal system for assembly of SARS-CoV-2 virus like particles
        date: 2020-08-24
       words: 1698
      flesch: 52
     summary: S protein appears more highly enriched in cells vs VLPs suggesting that not all expressed S protein is released on VLPs. Notably, nanogold labels not only decorate the VLPs but also proximal areas, suggestive of S protein dissociating from VLPs during surface deposition.
    keywords: figure; protein; sars; virus; vlps
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        item: #3808 of 5187
          id: cord-327920-51s4figy
      author: Kohler, Philipp P.
       title: Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among Swiss hospital workers: Results of a prospective cohort study
        date: 2020-10-08
       words: 1541
      flesch: 46
     summary: Supporting the health care workforce during the COVID-19 global epidemic COVID-19: protecting healthcare workers is a priority Estimating the asymptomatic proportion of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases on board the Diamond Princess cruise ship False negative tests for SARS-CoV-2 infection-challenges and implications Waiting for certainty on COVID-19 antibody tests-at what cost? The aims of this prospective cohort study were to assess seropositivity for SARS-CoV-2, to identify risk exposures, and to describe the spectrum of COVID-19 symptoms among hospital workers.
    keywords: cmia; covid-19; participants; sars; tests
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        item: #3809 of 5187
          id: cord-327933-u0fcs3yg
      author: Doná, Daniele
       title: Pediatric transplantation in Europe during the COVID‐19 pandemic: early impact on activity and healthcare
        date: 2020-08-12
       words: 2637
      flesch: 33
     summary: At this early stage in the pandemic very little information is available regarding the risk and burden of COVID-19 in pediatric transplant recipients as well as direction regarding protocols to be applied in this special population 9, 10 Dealing with this situation, several interventions aligned with international recommendations 11-13 have been implemented in pediatric transplant centers. All rights reserved almost half of pediatric transplant centers, a negative SARS-CoV-2 swab was also required as an additional admission criterion.
    keywords: article; cases; centers; covid-19; disease; patients; transplant; transplantation
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        item: #3810 of 5187
          id: cord-327997-noqbcxua
      author: Wu, Kevin E.
       title: RNA-GPS Predicts SARS-CoV-2 RNA Residency to Host Mitochondria and Nucleolus
        date: 2020-06-20
       words: 7209
      flesch: 35
     summary: In this work, we apply computational models of human RNA transcript localization to better understand the subcellular localization behavior of the SARS-CoV-2 genome and its constituent sgRNAs. A limitation of our work lies in that it applies models trained on human RNA transcript localization data to viral transcripts.
    keywords: cov-2; data; figure; gps; human; localization; matrix; nucleolus; predictions; residency; rna; sars; subcellular; transcripts
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        item: #3811 of 5187
          id: cord-328000-i9tzr13z
      author: Cockrell, Adam S.
       title: Modeling pathogenesis of emergent and pre-emergent human coronaviruses in mice
        date: 2018-07-24
       words: 11029
      flesch: 29
     summary: In addition to assessing etiologies of known hCoVs, mouse models have clinically predictive value as tools to appraise potential disease phenotypes associated with pre-emergent CoVs. Taking into account a number of practical considerations when comparing models for both SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, mouse models appear to be the most pragmatic (Table 1) .
    keywords: clinical; coronavirus; cov; disease; et al; hdpp4; host; human; infection; mers; mice; models; mouse; pathogenesis; receptor; sars; spike; studies; syndrome; therapeutic
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        item: #3812 of 5187
          id: cord-328003-yovp8squ
      author: Duan, Liangwei
       title: The SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein Biosynthesis, Structure, Function, and Antigenicity: Implications for the Design of Spike-Based Vaccine Immunogens
        date: 2020-10-07
       words: 7368
      flesch: 23
     summary: The D614G mutation in the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein reduces S1 shedding and increases infectivity The D614G mutation of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein enhances viral infectivity SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein variant D614G increases infectivity and retains sensitivity to antibodies that target the receptor binding domain Making Sense of Mutation: What D614G Means for the COVID-19 Pandemic Remains Unclear The Impact of Mutations in SARS-CoV-2 Spike on Viral Infectivity and Antigenicity D614G Spike Mutation Increases SARS CoV-2 Susceptibility to Neutralization. Accordingly, there has been mounting interest in exploring the potential of immunogenic glycan moieties as vaccine candidates against multiple viruses, including SARS-CoV-2 (75, 76) .
    keywords: ace2; antibodies; antibody; coronavirus; cov-2; fusion; glycoprotein; human; protein; rbd; receptor; sars; spike; vaccine
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        item: #3813 of 5187
          id: cord-328011-6lf3no6u
      author: Zayed, Hatem
       title: Vaccine Development Against COVID-19 Prior to Pandemic Outbreaks, Using in vitro Evolution and Reverse Genetics
        date: 2020-08-14
       words: 1449
      flesch: 37
     summary: The Sleeping Beauty transposable element: evolution, regulation and genetic applications RNA virus reverse genetics and vaccine design Hemagglutinin amino acids related to receptor specificity could affect the protection efficacy of H5N1 and H7N9 avian influenza virus vaccines in mice SARS-associated coronavirus replication in cell lines Rapid generation of stable cell lines expressing high levels of erythropoietin, factor VIII, and an antihuman CD20 antibody using lentiviral vectors Production of virus-like particles for vaccination Therapeutic vaccines against infectious diseases Preliminary identification of potential vaccine targets for the COVID-19 coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) based on SARS-CoV immunological studies Development of rabies virus-like particles for vaccine applications: production, characterization, and protection studies Lentivirus-based virus-like particles as a new protein delivery tool The author declares that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding Origin and evolution of pathogenic coronaviruses Structure, function, and antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein Bat coronaviruses in China DNA shuffling and family shuffling for in vitro gene evolution Discovery of human-like Lasparaginases with potential clinical use by directed evolution.
    keywords: coronavirus; pandemic; vaccine; virus
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        item: #3814 of 5187
          id: cord-328040-5qd05e4r
      author: Zhao, Xin-Ying
       title: Clinical characteristics of patients with 2019 coronavirus disease in a non-Wuhan area of Hubei Province, China: a retrospective study
        date: 2020-04-29
       words: 3419
      flesch: 50
     summary: To date, the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients in the non-Wuhan areas of Hubei Province in China have not been described. A considerable proportion of COVID-19 patients develop severe pneumonia, pulmonary edema, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and even multiple organ failure within a short time.
    keywords: cases; covid-19; disease; patients; sars; study; wuhan
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        item: #3815 of 5187
          id: cord-328042-e1is656g
      author: Klein, Steffen
       title: SARS-CoV-2 RNA Extraction Using Magnetic Beads for Rapid Large-Scale Testing by RT-qPCR and RT-LAMP
        date: 2020-08-07
       words: 6357
      flesch: 47
     summary: Magnetic bead RNA extraction was benchmarked against the commercial QIAcube extraction platform. Magnetic bead RNA extraction was performed in 96-well plates in combination with a magnet plate optimized for 96 deep-well plates.
    keywords: bead; cov-2; detection; extraction; figure; lamp; plate; qpcr; rna; samples; sars
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        item: #3816 of 5187
          id: cord-328064-7owd28rr
      author: Callahan, Cody J.
       title: Open Development and Clinical Validation of Multiple 3D-Printed Nasopharyngeal Collection Swabs: Rapid Resolution of a Critical COVID-19 Testing Bottleneck
        date: 2020-07-23
       words: 4882
      flesch: 46
     summary: As part of this process, we have been testing and continuously providing feedback on prototype swabs in order to proceed rapidly but safely toward the development of swabs that can be used clinically, at volumes equal to the need. Prototype swabs were individually packaged and autoclaved at BIDMC for sterilization according to manufacturer protocols.
    keywords: ability; control; fig; manufacturers; pcr; phase; prototypes; sars; study; swabs; testing; values
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        item: #3817 of 5187
          id: cord-328069-a9fi9ssg
      author: Pathan, Refat Khan
       title: Time Series Prediction of COVID-19 by Mutation Rate Analysis using Recurrent Neural Network-based LSTM Model
        date: 2020-06-13
       words: 3407
      flesch: 61
     summary: About 0.1% increment in mutation rate is found for mutating of nucleotides from T to C and G, C to G and G to T. While a decrement of 0.1% is seen for mutating of T to A, and A to C. It is found that this model can be used to predict day basis mutation rates if more patient data is available in updated time. Accurate determination of mutation rates is essential to comprehend the evolution of this virus and to determine the risk of emergent infectious disease.
    keywords: cov-2; dataset; mutation; rate; sars; sequence; virus
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        item: #3818 of 5187
          id: cord-328073-bqeffvzl
      author: Limonta, Daniel
       title: Nodosome inhibition as a novel broad-spectrum antiviral strategy against arboviruses and SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-11-06
       words: 1889
      flesch: 46
     summary: (D) Cells were counted in 10 different fields for quantitation of infected cells after GSK583 or DMSO treatment. The studies were prompted by the observation that infection of human fetal brain cells with Zika virus (ZIKV) induces expression of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 (NOD2), a host factor that was found to promote ZIKV replication and spread.
    keywords: cells; cov-2; human; nod2; rna; sars; spectrum
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        item: #3819 of 5187
          id: cord-328074-pcvdr052
      author: Fuereder, Thorsten
       title: Circumnavigating the challenges of COVID-19 in oncology
        date: 2020-05-07
       words: 1847
      flesch: 34
     summary: Therefore, no recommendations can be given to delay CPI therapy for cancer patients during the SARS CoV-2 pandemic [7] . In contrast to other malignancies, cumulative risk factors for severe COVID-19 infections can regularly be detected in lung cancer patients: Pre-existing pulmonary diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cardiovascular disease, smoking-related lung damage and older age will contribute to morbidity and mortality caused by COVID-19 pneumonia
    keywords: cancer; covid-19; cpi; disease; patients
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        item: #3820 of 5187
          id: cord-328113-eczjjc2v
      author: D’Alessandro, Angelo
       title: Serum Proteomics in COVID-19 Patients: Altered Coagulation and Complement Status as a Function of IL-6 Level
        date: 2020-07-30
       words: 4675
      flesch: 28
     summary: Nonetheless, to date, no study has measured coagulation protein levels in COVID-19 patients. While the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) have been associated with the severity of the disease, little is known about the impact of IL-6 levels on the proteome of COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: complement; cov-2; covid-19; covid-19 patients; disease; figure; il-6; il-6 levels; levels; patients; protein; sars; sera; serum
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        item: #3821 of 5187
          id: cord-328122-nfvbog77
      author: Tresoldi, Ilaria
       title: SARS‐COV‐2 and infectivity: Possible increase in infectivity associated to integrin motif expression
        date: 2020-04-10
       words: 701
      flesch: 31
     summary: This polyprotein has A potential role for integrins in host cell entry by SARS-CoV-2 Beyond RGD: virus interactions with integrins RGD and other recognition sequences for integrins The evolution of tenascins and fibronectin Worldwide genetic features of HIV-1 Env a4b7 binding motif: the local dissemination impact of the LDI tripeptide The integrins Identification of the Ligand Binding Site for the Integrin alpha9 beta1 in the third fibronectin type iii repeat of tenascin-C Charomers-interleukin-6 receptor specific aptamers for cellular internalization and targeted drug delivery Therapeutic antagonists and conformational regulation of integrin function Structural basis for allostery in integrins and binding to fibrinogen-mimetic therapeutics Cell attachment activity of fibronectin can be duplicated by small synthetic fragments of the molecule Natalizumab and the role of alpha 4-integrin antagonism in the treatment of multiple sclerosis Inactivation of the integrin beta 6 subunit gene reveals a role of epithelial integrins in regulating inflammation in the lung and skin α4β7 integrin inhibitors: a patent review The most common of these motifs is the minimal peptide sequence for binding integrins, RGD, which is known for its role in virus infection via its ability to interact with over half of the more than 20 known integrins.
    keywords: binding; integrins; sars
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        item: #3822 of 5187
          id: cord-328187-9zd79gai
      author: Zhang, Yali
       title: Virus-free and live-cell visualizing SARS-CoV-2 cell entry for studies of neutralizing antibodies and compound inhibitors
        date: 2020-07-22
       words: 3106
      flesch: 48
     summary: Cell images 24 involved in Figure 6D and Figure CRBT. At a 21 concentration below than 10 nM, the cMFI of SARS-CoV2-STG was approximately 10-22 fold higher than that of SARS-CoV2-RBG.
    keywords: cell; cov-2; cov2; crbt; csbt; figure; sars; stg
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        item: #3823 of 5187
          id: cord-328209-uc37poce
      author: Javid, Babak
       title: Impact of population mask wearing on Covid-19 post lockdown
        date: 2020-04-16
       words: 1253
      flesch: 37
     summary: Assuming a 10% reduction in infectivity, mask wearing may be at least as effective as home confinement at reducing deaths (D) or preventing overwhelming icu beds (E). Whereas mask use had a relatively minor benefit on critical-care and mortality rates when transmissibility (Reff) was high, the reduction on deaths was dramatic as the effective R approached 1, as might be expected after aggressive social-distancing measures such as wide-spread lockdowns.
    keywords: mask; preprint; wearing
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        item: #3824 of 5187
          id: cord-328242-afof417h
      author: Nuñez, M. A.
       title: Invasion Science and the Global Spread of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-05-19
       words: 1364
      flesch: 16
     summary: SARS-CoV-2 should be viewed as a biological invasion, although infectious human diseases are rarely treated as such. At a time of unprecedented globalization, managing the threat of invasive novel organisms requires internationally coordinated rapid response plans.
    keywords: invasion; organisms; science; spread
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        item: #3825 of 5187
          id: cord-328246-boxsf2sz
      author: Hadi-Alijanvand, Hamid
       title: Studying the Effects of ACE2 Mutations on the Stability, Dynamics, and Dissociation Process of SARS-CoV-2 S1/hACE2 Complexes
        date: 2020-07-27
       words: 10134
      flesch: 50
     summary: The position of each ENSEMBL-reported SNPs for ACE2 protein is presented in the first row. 74 Residues at positions 225, 452, and 485 of ACE2 protein are highly coupled with the distal residues of the S1 protein dynamically.
    keywords: ace2; ace2 mutants; ace2 protein; affinity; binding; complex; cov-2; energy; figure; mutations; s1 complex; s1 protein; sars; stability; wt ace2
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        item: #3826 of 5187
          id: cord-328262-hw8swbt5
      author: O’Neill, Luke A. J.
       title: BCG-induced trained immunity: can it offer protection against COVID-19?
        date: 2020-05-11
       words: 2180
      flesch: 33
     summary: Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan The non-specific effects of vaccines Randomized trial of BCG vaccination at birth to low-birth-weight children: beneficial nonspecific effects in the neonatal period? Acute lower respiratory tract infections and respiratory syncytial virus in infants in Guinea-Bissau: a beneficial effect of BCG vaccination for girls community based case-control study The efficacy of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccinations for the prevention of acute upper respiratory tract infection in the elderly Prevention of elderly pneumonia by pneumococcal, influenza and BCG vaccinations Prevention of M. tuberculosis infection with H4:IC31 vaccine or BCG revaccination Nonspecific protection of mice against influenza virus infection by local or systemic immunization with Bacille Calmette-Guerin Effects of immunostimulants on resistance of newborn mice to herpes simplex type 2 infection Enhancement of non-specific resistance to viral infection by muramyldipeptide and its analogs Non-specific effects of BCG vaccine on viral infections Bacille Calmette-Guerin induces NOD2-dependent nonspecific protection from reinfection via epigenetic reprogramming of monocytes Trained immunity: a program of innate immune memory in health and disease BCG vaccination protects against experimental viral infection in humans through the induction of cytokines associated with trained immunity Is global BCG vaccination-induced trained immunity relevant to the progression of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic? COVID-19: consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression The authors contributed equally to all aspects of the article. Interestingly, however, soon after its introduction in Europe in the 1920s, epidemiological studies reported that BCG vaccination strongly reduced infant mortality, and this could not be explained by a reduction in tuberculosis alone (reviewed previously 2 ).
    keywords: bcg; covid-19; immunity; infections; vaccination
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        item: #3827 of 5187
          id: cord-328287-3qgzulgj
      author: Moni, Mohammad Ali
       title: Network-based analysis of comorbidities risk during an infection: SARS and HIV case studies
        date: 2014-10-24
       words: 10661
      flesch: 39
     summary: The list of disorders, disease genes, and associations between them were obtained from the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) [58] , a compendium of human disease genes and phenotypes (see details in the Methods section).
    keywords: cancer; comorbidities; comorbidity; cov; data; disease; expression; file; genes; hiv; human; infection; network; pathways; protein; risk; sars; table
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        item: #3828 of 5187
          id: cord-328289-3h3kmjlz
      author: Iadecola, Costantino
       title: Effects of COVID-19 on the nervous system
        date: 2020-08-19
       words: 6543
      flesch: 28
     summary: Furthermore, several autopsy series have revealed a notable lack of immune cell infiltration (Kantonen et al., 2020; Reichard et al., 2020; Solomon et al., 2020) . Consistent with hypoxic brain injury, autopsy studies in COVID-19 have shown neuronal damage in brain regions most vulnerable to hypoxia, including neocortex, hippocampus and cerebellum (Kantonen et al., 2020; Reichard et al., 2020; Solomon et al., 2020) .
    keywords: acute; brain; cells; covid-19; disease; encephalitis; entry; et al; evidence; human; infection; manifestations; patients; sars; system; virus
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        item: #3829 of 5187
          id: cord-328325-yonbkrwe
      author: Nielsen, Sandra C. A.
       title: B cell clonal expansion and convergent antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-05-06
       words: 3395
      flesch: 48
     summary: These findings offer molecular insights into shared features of human B cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 and other zoonotic spillover coronaviruses. These ndings offer molecular insights into shared features of human B cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 and other zoonotic spillover coronaviruses.
    keywords: cell; clones; convergent; cov-2; fig; igg; patients; sars; value
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        item: #3830 of 5187
          id: cord-328373-cubp1cc1
      author: Jiang, Yanfang
       title: Digital PCR is a sensitive new technique for SARS-CoV-2 detection in clinical applications
        date: 2020-11-04
       words: 3569
      flesch: 42
     summary: Clinical patient samples and samples obtained from potentially contaminated environments were analyzed. Pathogenic evidence: Nucleic acid test (real-time RT PCR) was used to detect SARS-CoV-2 in the respiratory tract.
    keywords: cov-2; detection; digital; nucleic; patients; pcr; samples; sars
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        item: #3831 of 5187
          id: cord-328381-bfvdhai8
      author: Hattermann, K.
       title: Susceptibility of different eukaryotic cell lines to SARS-coronavirus
        date: 2005-01-13
       words: 1835
      flesch: 49
     summary: [1] who found ACE2 expression also in cells that were not susceptible for SARS-CoV. Another possibility for lower infection rates in porcine cells may also be that the sequence homology of the human ACE2 strongly deviates from the porcine ACE2. One day before infection adherent cells were seeded onto sterile glass slides in 12-well plates while suspension cells were cultivated in 6-well plates.
    keywords: ace2; cells; cov; infection; sars
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        item: #3832 of 5187
          id: cord-328395-2cakgmsj
      author: Oxford, Alexandra E.
       title: Endothelial Cell Contributions to COVID-19
        date: 2020-09-25
       words: 6719
      flesch: 35
     summary: In addition, endothelial cell infection promotes the formation of thrombus associated with an elevated neutrophil count This review will focus on the concept of endothelial cell infection and dysfunction as an active driver of COVID-19, which begins as a respiratory illness, with vascular pathology contributing significantly to the most negative patient outcomes.
    keywords: ace2; cell; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; cytokines; disease; endothelial; human; infection; patients; protein; receptor; sars; treatment
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        item: #3833 of 5187
          id: cord-328396-p2gvpe8i
      author: Kaur, Savneet
       title: The Enigma of Endothelium in COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-04
       words: 4441
      flesch: 30
     summary: Lung pathology from COVID-19 patients has depicted that along with pulmonary type 2 alveolar epithelial cells, endothelial cells in the systemic venules are also desquamated and an inflammatory reaction is present in blood vessel walls (vasculitis), suggestive of intense vascular reactions (Ding et al., 2003) . Lung autopsies from COVID-19 patients also show massive neutrophil infiltration in pulmonary capillaries, acute capillaritis and extravasation of neutrophils into the alveolar space (Fox et al., 2020; Liu et al., 2020) .
    keywords: cells; cov-2; covid-19; endothelial; et al; injury; patients; pulmonary; sars
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        item: #3834 of 5187
          id: cord-328409-px92ff89
      author: Hornuss, Daniel
       title: COVID-19-assoziierte Pneumonie trotz persistierend negativen PCR-Tests aus oropharyngealen Abstrichen
        date: 2020-05-13
       words: 1588
      flesch: 34
     summary: Aufgrund der geringen Invasivität und der einfachen Durchführung ist die PCR-Analyse aus tiefen Rachen-oder Nasenabstrichen weiterhin die diagnostische Testmethode der ersten Wahl, insbesondere im Rahmen von Screening-Untersuchungen. Folgerung Die Kasuistik beschreibt einen Fall von COVID-19, bei dem trotz typischer klinischer Symptomatik sowie typischen radiologischen und laborchemischen Befunden ein Virusnachweis in mehrfach korrekt durchgeführten tiefen Rachenabstrichen nicht möglich war.
    keywords: analysis; bei; cov-2; covid-19; der; die; findings; patient; pcr; sars; und
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        item: #3835 of 5187
          id: cord-328471-oz99upzz
      author: Ahmad, Jamshaid
       title: SARS-CoV-2 RNA Dependent RNA Polymerase (RdRp) – A drug repurposing study
        date: 2020-07-23
       words: 5094
      flesch: 50
     summary: During protein preparation, different combinations of enantiomers and tautomers were generated, which ultimately enhanced the total number of drug molecules. Although, designing and developing a panel of new drugs molecules are always encouraged.
    keywords: binding; docking; drugs; efficiency; ligand; molecules; protein; rdrp; residues; rna; score; site
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        item: #3836 of 5187
          id: cord-328479-1tzysg7u
      author: Chen, Jianjun
       title: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2-Specific Antibodies in Pets in Wuhan, China
        date: 2020-06-21
       words: 724
      flesch: 47
     summary: In this study, we collected swab and blood samples from pet cats and dogs in Wuhan whose owners were confirmed to have COVID-19. Pet cats and dogs were recruited from COVID-19 patients admitted to Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, one of the designated hospitals for COVID-19.
    keywords: cov-2; sars
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        item: #3837 of 5187
          id: cord-328484-4iptwc3n
      author: Li, Tao
       title: Clinical Characteristics of 312 Hospitalized Older Patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China
        date: 2020-07-15
       words: 3082
      flesch: 46
     summary: High levels of d-dimer had a reported association with pneumonia severity in emergency department, which also applied to older COVID-19 patients. But substantial numbers of severe episodes occur in older patients.
    keywords: cases; clinical; coronavirus; covid-19; patients; study
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        item: #3838 of 5187
          id: cord-328499-d6cvaxm9
      author: Matzkies, Lucie-Marie
       title: Lack of sensitivity of an IVD/CE-labeled kit targeting the S gene for detection of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-07-08
       words: 572
      flesch: 50
     summary: Clinical samples (n=101) obtained from patients with symptoms compatible to COVID-19 were studied. When using the VIASURE test for routine testing, a significant number of COVID-19 positive samples would have been missed.
    keywords: sars; test
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        item: #3839 of 5187
          id: cord-328505-5fkpnbdb
      author: Thornton, Jeanine Rempe
       title: Negative SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing following COVID-19 infection in Two MS patients treated with ocrelizumab
        date: 2020-06-26
       words: 1004
      flesch: 39
     summary: Large studies are essential to conclusively determine whether certain DMTs may blunt SARS-CoV-2 antibody production, and whether this may increase reinfection risk in MS patients. key: cord-328505-5fkpnbdb authors: Thornton, Jeanine Rempe; Harel, Asaff title: Negative SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing following COVID-19 infection in Two MS patients treated with ocrelizumab date: 2020-06-26 journal:
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; sars
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        item: #3840 of 5187
          id: cord-328557-f6o1aynz
      author: Samad, Abdus
       title: Designing a multi-epitope vaccine against SARS-CoV-2: an immunoinformatics approach
        date: 2020-07-17
       words: 7599
      flesch: 42
     summary: The current world situation is releasing the necessity of an implausible and effectiveness of different anti-viral drugs or vaccine candidates against the SARS-CoV-2. In this study, the RMSD value was used to determine the significant flexibility and departure of vaccine candidates from the receptor structure, where the RMSF of the complex structure was determined to measure the displacement of our particular vaccine candidate's atom relative to the receptor structure.
    keywords: binding; cells; construct; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; ctl; epitopes; et al; figure; host; protein; receptor; sars; score; server; structure; vaccine
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        item: #3841 of 5187
          id: cord-328585-1rkrrx8a
      author: Lu, Shuai
       title: The immunodominant and neutralization linear epitopes for SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-08-27
       words: 2961
      flesch: 39
     summary: Almost all 33 predicted epitopes effectively induced antibody production, six of which were immunodominant epitopes in patients identified via the binding of epitopes with the sera from domestic and imported COVID-19 patients, and 23 were conserved within SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV and bat coronavirus RaTG13. To assess 8 neutralization antibodies induced by S protein epitopes, we incubated the immunization sera with 178 D614 or G614 SARS-CoV-2 pseudo-viruses and then the mixture was added to ACE2-293FT 179 cells which stably expressed ACE2.
    keywords: antibodies; cov-2; epitopes; sars; virus
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        item: #3842 of 5187
          id: cord-328587-vctvcyim
      author: Jun, Sun
       title: The hypothesis that SARS-CoV-2 affects male reproductive ability by regulating autophagy
        date: 2020-07-10
       words: 2999
      flesch: 39
     summary: This hypothesis may provide a new idea for future treatment of COVID-19 male patients with reproductive function injury, and it can also prompt medical staff and patients to consciously check their reproductive function. This hypothesis may provide a new idea for future treatment of COVID-19 male patients with reproductive function injury, and it can also prompt medical staff and patients to consciously check their reproductive function.
    keywords: ace2; autophagy; cells; cov-2; patients; sars
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        item: #3843 of 5187
          id: cord-328644-odtue60a
      author: Comandatore, Francesco
       title: Insurgence and worldwide diffusion of genomic variants in SARS-CoV-2 genomes
        date: 2020-05-28
       words: 6537
      flesch: 37
     summary: If a functional role for this mutation will be demonstrated, this pattern seems to indicate that different variants might have different fitness when interacting with different host's haplotypes, i.e. in case Asian and European have different haplotypes concerning some of the proteins interacting with the Spike, like for instance Furin. When focusing on single Clades across all macro-regions previously defined, we find a heterogeneous situation with different variants increasing in time in different countries.
    keywords: coronavirus; et al; frequency; position; present; protein; sars; sequences; spike; time; variants; virus
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        item: #3844 of 5187
          id: cord-328659-miujzgtd
      author: Mishra, Akhilesh
       title: Mutation landscape of SARS-CoV-2 reveals five mutually exclusive clusters of leading and trailing single nucleotide substitutions
        date: 2020-07-27
       words: 6074
      flesch: 47
     summary: Individual mutations as well as co-occurring mutations can act as lineage defining mutations. A single lineage defining mutation G26144T first reported from North America on the 22 nd January 2020 represents our C1 lineage.
    keywords: cov-2; defining; editing; figure; genomes; lineage; mutations; nucleotide; rna; sars; sequences; substitutions; virus
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        item: #3845 of 5187
          id: cord-328680-zdwep5b2
      author: Burr, Tyler
       title: NMDA-receptor encephalitis associated with COVID-19 infection in a toddler
        date: 2020-10-09
       words: 901
      flesch: 33
     summary: More recently, cases of anti-NMDAR encephalitis following viral infections have been reported, including herpes simplex virus (HSV), Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), and now the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) 2-5 . A recent observational study showed that patients with a history of anti-NMDAR encephalitis, but no history of HSV encephalitis, were more likely to be seropositive for anti-HSV-1 IgG (49% seropositivity vs 21% in agematched controls).
    keywords: encephalitis; nmdar; sars
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        item: #3846 of 5187
          id: cord-328683-zvabpty9
      author: Fontanet, A.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 infection in primary schools in northern France: A retrospective cohort study in an area of high transmission
        date: 2020-06-29
       words: 4048
      flesch: 50
     summary: The infection attack rate (IAR) was 45/510 (8.8%), 3/42 (7.1%), 1/28 (3.6%), 76/641 (11.9%) and 14/119 (11.8%) among primary school pupils, teachers, non-teaching staff, parents, and relatives, respectively (P = 0.29). This study would suggest that high school aged children have similar susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection as adults, and can transmit SARS-CoV-2 efficiently.
    keywords: children; license; medrxiv; perpetuity; preprint; pupils
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        item: #3847 of 5187
          id: cord-328686-5ik5em5a
      author: Zhao, L.
       title: First study on surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater systems and related environments in Wuhan: Post-lockdown
        date: 2020-08-21
       words: 1607
      flesch: 47
     summary: Indeed, a recently conducted study has inferred that risk of 111 infection from wastewater and river is insignificant due to the low success rate in cell culture of SARS-CoV-2 112 from water samples in spite of the high RNA copies (Rimoldi et al. 2020) . https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.19.20172924 doi: medRxiv preprint Wuhan, and it was lowered from high to medium risk on 25 th March 2020, and thereafter lowered it from 64 medium to low risk on 8 th April.
    keywords: license; medrxiv; preprint; sars
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        item: #3848 of 5187
          id: cord-328687-clr1e9p6
      author: Zhou, Fuling
       title: Tracing asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 carriers among 3674 hospital staff:a cross-sectional survey
        date: 2020-09-15
       words: 3722
      flesch: 40
     summary: Thereafter, asymptomatic staff were re-examined weekly for 3 weeks until April 16, 2020. Our hospital had completed COVID-19 screening of 3674 staff without clinical symptoms, the results showed the proportion of asymptomatic infected staff was 0.76%.
    keywords: asymptomatic; cov-2; covid-19; hospital; igg; igm; sars; staff; test
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        item: #3849 of 5187
          id: cord-328695-nptfd6c2
      author: Tengs, Torstein
       title: A mobile genetic element in the SARS-CoV-2 genome is shared with multiple insect species
        date: 2020-06-29
       words: 1971
      flesch: 42
     summary: Although s2m is not universally present among coronaviruses and appears to undergo horizontal transfer, the high sequence conservation and universal presence of s2m among isolates of SARS-CoV-2 indicate that, when present, the element is essential for viral function. We have previously reported the presence of a 41-43 nucleotide long hairpin-forming element, referred to as stemloop II-like motif (s2m)
    keywords: sars; viruses
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        item: #3850 of 5187
          id: cord-328704-m2seavg6
      author: Malfertheiner, Peter
       title: COVID-19: Don't Neglect the Gastrointestinal Tract!
        date: 2020-04-29
       words: 1210
      flesch: 42
     summary: The other important feature of gastrointestinal issues in COVID-19 patients is the higher proportion of stool samples that are positive for virus RNA in patients with diarrhoea than in those without [4] . Routine (elective) endoscopic examinations should be carefully planned in COVID-19 patients, and special precautions for protection of patients and the examining team should be taken.
    keywords: covid-19; patients; sars
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        item: #3851 of 5187
          id: cord-328705-024y5k72
      author: Rahman, Md. Mahbubur
       title: Virtual screening, molecular dynamics and structure–activity relationship studies to identify potent approved drugs for Covid-19 treatment
        date: 2020-07-21
       words: 4491
      flesch: 45
     summary: Several promising approved drugs, including Simeprevir, Ergotamine, Bromocriptine and Tadalafil, stand out as the best candidates based on their binding energy, fitting score and noncovalent interactions at the binding sites of the receptor. Drug repurposing, a strategy to identify new uses of approved drugs, could shorten the time and reduce the cost for identifying effective drugs against COVID-19 .
    keywords: binding; complexes; drugs; energy; mpro; protease; protein; sars; simulation
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        item: #3852 of 5187
          id: cord-328712-7q9mg2tu
      author: Moore, Nicholas
       title: Chloroquine for COVID-19 Infection
        date: 2020-04-07
       words: 800
      flesch: 51
     summary: In vitro inhibition of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus by chloroquine Antiviral activity of chloroquine against human coronavirus OC43 infection in newborn mice Potential antivirals and antiviral strategies against SARS coronavirus infections Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread New insights on the antiviral effects of chloroquine against coronavirus: what to expect for COVID-19? Inhibition of human coronavirus 229E infection in human epithelial lung cells (L132) by chloroquine: involvement of p38 MAPK and ERK Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro In vitro antiviral activity and projection of optimized dosing design of hydroxychloroquine for the treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Multicenter Collaboration Group of Department of Service and Technology of Guangdong Province and Health Commission of Guangdong Province for chloroquine in the treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia. key: cord-328712-7q9mg2tu authors: Moore, Nicholas title: Chloroquine for COVID-19 Infection date: 2020-04-07 journal:
    keywords: chloroquine; coronavirus; hydroxychloroquine
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        item: #3853 of 5187
          id: cord-328762-2b1pl8jr
      author: Fuest, Matthias
       title: Postmortem conjunctival and nasopharyngeal swabs in SARS‐CoV‐2 infected and uninfected patients
        date: 2020-08-06
       words: 888
      flesch: 57
     summary: However, in 36% of positive premortem NPS, no postmortem NPS was acquired. All these SARS-CoV-2 patients were diagnosed by premortem positive NPS.
    keywords: cov-2; nps; sars
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        item: #3854 of 5187
          id: cord-328778-mjzsz7rz
      author: Steinchen, N.
       title: Biologikatherapie nach COVID-19-Infektion: Keine Reaktivierung einer COVID-19-Infektion bei positivem Antikörperstatus SARS-CoV-2 unter Biologikatherapie
        date: 2020-06-08
       words: 1142
      flesch: 30
     summary: Ursache des geringen Antikörpernachweises gegen SARS-CoV-2 in der Gruppe der Patienten*innen mit entzündlich rheumatischen Erkrankungen unter Anti-Zytokin-Therapie könnte sein, dass im [5] der Universität Erlangen mit der Überschrift Entzündungshemmende Medikamente schützen vor CO-VID-19.
    keywords: bei; cov-2; der; die; einer; infektion; mit; sars; therapie; und; von
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        item: #3855 of 5187
          id: cord-328853-0iqdqcp6
      author: Neidleman, Jason
       title: SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells exhibit phenotypic features of robust helper function, lack of terminal differentiation, and high proliferative potential
        date: 2020-08-19
       words: 2460
      flesch: 34
     summary: Cell Rep Med DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2020.100081 sha: doc_id: 328853 cord_uid: 0iqdqcp6 SUMMARY Convalescing COVID-19 patients mount robust T cell responses against SARS-CoV-2, suggesting an important role for T cells in viral clearance. A beneficial role for T cells in combating 56 COVID-19 would be in line with observations that both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells are protective 57 against the closely-related SARS-CoV 6-8 .
    keywords: cd4; cells; cov-2; sars; specific
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        item: #3856 of 5187
          id: cord-328856-1l7x72j7
      author: Ucciferri, Claudio
       title: Pidotimod in Paucisymptomatic SARS-CoV2 Infected Patients
        date: 2020-07-01
       words: 1208
      flesch: 39
     summary: Notwithstanding immune response appeared fundamental for SARS infection resolution, SARS-Cov-2 disease present increased levels of plasma pro-inflammatory mediators, as a consequence of an induced dysregulated cytokine storm. Several studies on COVID-19 are focusing on severe forms; however, the most frequent SARS-CoV-2 clinical presentation is a mild disease with or without pneumonia in about 80% of patients.
    keywords: patients; pidotimod; sars; study; symptoms
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        item: #3857 of 5187
          id: cord-328865-ekgqdjlk
      author: Anand, Shuchi
       title: Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in a large nationwide sample of patients on dialysis in the USA: a cross-sectional study
        date: 2020-09-25
       words: 5654
      flesch: 36
     summary: We also harnessed population data on SARS-CoV-2 cases and deaths and percentage testing positive using nasal swab testing to assess how seroprevalence estimates correlated with other epidemiological measures of COVID-19 incidence. To our knowledge, we provide the first nationally representative estimate of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in the US dialysis and US adult population, and estimates for differences in seroprevalence by neighbourhood race and ethnicity, poverty, population density, and mobility restriction.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; data; dialysis; level; patients; people; population; race; sars; seroprevalence; testing
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        item: #3858 of 5187
          id: cord-328960-46zui1sl
      author: Hillen, Hauke S.
       title: Structure of replicating SARS-CoV-2 polymerase
        date: 2020-04-27
       words: 4556
      flesch: 54
     summary: From SARS to MERS: 10 years of research on highly pathogenic human coronaviruses A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin The Nonstructural Proteins Directing Coronavirus RNA Synthesis and Processing Nidovirus RNA polymerases: Complex enzymes handling exceptional RNA genomes SARS-CoV ORF1b-encoded nonstructural proteins 12-16: replicative enzymes as antiviral targets Nucleosides for the treatment of respiratory RNA virus infections Broad-spectrum antiviral GS-5734 inhibits both epidemic and zoonotic coronaviruses Coronavirus Susceptibility to the Antiviral Remdesivir (GS-5734) Is Mediated by the Viral Polymerase and the Proofreading Exoribonuclease The antiviral compound remdesivir potently inhibits RNA-dependent RNA polymerase from Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Race to find COVID-19 treatments accelerates Arguments in favour of remdesivir for treating SARS-CoV-2 infections Remdesivir for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 causing COVID-19: An evaluation of the evidence Biochemical characterization of a recombinant SARS coronavirus nsp12 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase capable of copying viral RNA templates One severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus protein complex integrates processive RNA polymerase and exonuclease activities Structure of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase from COVID-19 virus Structure of the SARS-CoV nsp12 polymerase bound to nsp7 and nsp8 co-factors Insights into SARS-CoV transcription and replication from the structure of the nsp7-nsp8 hexadecamer Nonstructural proteins 7 and 8 of feline coronavirus form a 2:1 heterotrimer that exhibits primer-independent RNA polymerase activity Viral replication. When added to a minimal RNA substrate (Fig. 1b) , the purified proteins gave rise to RNA-dependent RNA extension activity, which depended on the presence of nsp8 and nsp7 (Fig. 1c) .
    keywords: buffer; ml-1; nsp12; nsp7; nsp8; rdrp; rna; sars; structure
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        item: #3859 of 5187
          id: cord-328962-1c4vqaqr
      author: Benítez-Cardoza, Claudia Guadalupe
       title: Potential inhibitors of the interaction between ACE2 and SARS-CoV-2 (RBD), to develop a drug
        date: 2020-06-15
       words: 3350
      flesch: 42
     summary: Examples of potential conflicts of interest include employment, consultancies, stock ownership, honoraria, paid expert testimony, patent applications/registrations, and grants or other funding. SARS and MERS: recent insights into emerging coronaviruses Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China Molecular Investigation of SARS-CoV-2 Proteins and Their Interactions with Antiviral Drugs Pharmacological Therapeutics Targeting RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase, Proteinase and Spike Protein: From Mechanistic Studies to Clinical Trials for COVID-19 Analysis of therapeutic targets for SARS-CoV-2 and discovery of potential drugs by computational methods A pan-coronavirus fusion inhibitor targeting the HR1 domain of human coronavirus spike Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 (previously 2019-nCoV) infection by a highly potent pan-coronavirus fusion inhibitor targeting its spike protein that harbors a high capacity to mediate membrane fusion Identification of critical determinants on ACE2 for SARS-CoV entry and development of a potent entry inhibitor Structure of SARS coronavirus spike receptor-binding domain complexed with receptor Structural basis for the recognition of the SARS-CoV-2 by full-length human ACE2, Science (80-. ). We made the choice of compounds based on the average of the score from up to 20 conformers per compound and better probability to be safe in humans.
    keywords: ace2; compounds; cov-2; development; interaction; protein; sars; table
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        item: #3860 of 5187
          id: cord-329010-n0mz098o
      author: McKee, Dwight L.
       title: Candidate drugs against SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19
        date: 2020-04-29
       words: 5211
      flesch: 32
     summary: V. Effects on the pancreatic enzymes and experimental acute pancreatitis in rats Plasma collection using nafamostat mesilate and dipyridamole as an anticoagulant Continuous regional arterial infusion versus intravenous administration of the protease inhibitor nafamostat mesilate for predicted severe acute pancreatitis: a multicenter, randomized, open-label, phase 2 trial Identification of nafamostat as a potent inhibitor of middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus S protein-mediated membrane fusion using the split-protein-based cell-cell fusion assay Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronoavirus Isolation and characterization of a bat SARS-like coronavirus that uses the ACE2 receptor Cryo-EM structure of the SARS coronavirus spike glycoprotein in complex with its host cell receptor ACE2 ACEH/ACE2 is a novel mammalian metallocarboxypeptidase and a homologue of angiotensin-converting enzyme insensitive to ACE inhibitors, Can Hydroxychloroquine: from malaria to autoimmunity New insights into the antiviral effects of chloroquine Anti-malaria drug chloroquine is highly effective in treating avian influenza A H5N1 virus infection in an animal model Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread Targeting endosomal acidification by chloroquine analogs as a promising strategy for the treatment of emerging viral diseases In vitro inhibition of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus by chloroquine In vitro antiviral activity and projection of optimized dosing design of hydroxychloroquine for the treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) At day 21, SARS patients treated with lopinavir/ritonavir had a milder disease course in terms of diarrhea, recurrence of fever, worsening of chest radiographs and reduction of viral load, compared to a historical control group [95] .
    keywords: ace2; antiviral; cell; chloroquine; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; infection; lopinavir; protein; ritonavir; sars; treatment
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        item: #3861 of 5187
          id: cord-329011-spiuqngp
      author: Huang, Yuan
       title: Structural and functional properties of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein: potential antivirus drug development for COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-03
       words: 6074
      flesch: 45
     summary: In addition, the SARS-CoV-2 S CTD binding interface has more residues that directly interact with the receptor ACE2 than does SARS-RBD (21 versus 17), and a larger surface area is buried with SARS-CoV-2 S CTD in complex with ACE2 than with SARS S RBD. The coronavirus spike protein is a class I virus fusion protein: structural and functional characterization of the fusion core complex Site-specific glycan analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 spike Fusion mechanism of 2019-nCoV and fusion inhibitors targeting HR1 domain in spike protein Coronavirus membrane fusion mechanism offers a potential target for antiviral development Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation Structure, function, and antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein TMPRSS2 activates the human coronavirus 229E for cathepsin-independent host cell entry and is expressed in viral target cells in the respiratory epithelium SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor Cleavage of spike protein of SARS coronavirus by protease factor Xa is associated with viral infectivity Structural and functional basis of SARS-CoV-2 entry by using human ACE2 Structure of the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain bound to the ACE2 receptor A pan-coronavirus fusion inhibitor targeting the HR1 domain of human coronavirus spike Physiological and molecular triggers for SARS-CoV membrane fusion and entry into host cells Heptad repeat sequences are located adjacent to hydrophobic regions in several types of virus fusion glycoproteins Preliminary bioinformatics studies on the design of a synthetic vaccine and a preventative peptidomimetic antagonist against the SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV, COVID-19) coronavirus Peptide-based membrane fusion inhibitors targeting HCoV-229E spike protein HR1 and HR2 domains Bat-to-human: spike features determining 'host jump' of coronaviruses SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and beyond Interaction between heptad repeat 1 and 2 regions in spike protein of SARS-associated coronavirus: implications for virus fusogenic mechanism and identification of fusion inhibitors
    keywords: ace2; cell; coronavirus; cov-2; domain; entry; fusion; host; membrane; protein; rbd; receptor; sars
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        item: #3862 of 5187
          id: cord-329041-coryaz2s
      author: Brown, Ariane J.
       title: Broad spectrum antiviral remdesivir inhibits human endemic and zoonotic deltacoronaviruses with a highly divergent RNA dependent RNA polymerase
        date: 2019-09-30
       words: 5956
      flesch: 44
     summary: We developed multiple assays to further define the breadth of RDV antiviral activity against the CoV family. Upon passage of MHV in the presence of RDV, resistance mutations arise in the RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) that confer resistance (i.e. up to a 5-fold shift in EC 50 ) demonstrating that the RdRp is a target of RDV antiviral activity (Agostini et al., 2018) .
    keywords: activity; antiviral; cells; cov; et al; fig; human; oc43; rdv; rna; sars; thermofisher
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        item: #3863 of 5187
          id: cord-329069-ejdunj41
      author: Yang, He S
       title: Routine laboratory blood tests predict SARS-CoV-2 infection using machine learning
        date: 2020-08-21
       words: 2370
      flesch: 40
     summary: This model employing routine laboratory test results offers opportunities for early and rapid identification of high-risk SARS-CoV-2 infected patients before their RT-PCR results are available. Laboratory test results obtained within two days before the release of SARS-CoV-2-RT-PCR result were used to train a gradient boosted decision tree (GBDT) model from 3,356 SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR tested patients (1,402 positive and 1,954 negative) evaluated at a metropolitan hospital.
    keywords: laboratory; patients; pcr; sars; testing; tests
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        item: #3864 of 5187
          id: cord-329102-2y49kcwu
      author: Lan, Tammy C. T.
       title: Structure of the full SARS-CoV-2 RNA genome in infected cells
        date: 2020-06-30
       words: 9327
      flesch: 53
     summary: Interactive drawing and editing of the RNA secondary structure Statistical prediction of single-stranded regions in RNA secondary structure and application to predicting effective antisense target sites and beyond Simplified Estimation from Censored Normal Samples CONTRAfold: RNA secondary structure prediction without physics-based models Implications of RNA structure on the annealing of a potent antisense RNA directed against the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 MUSCLE: Like many other RNA viruses, RNA structures in coronaviruses regulate gene expression and are crucial for viral replication.
    keywords: base; cov-2; dms; et al; figure; fse; genome; rna; sars; sequence; stem; structure; î¼l
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        item: #3865 of 5187
          id: cord-329129-t84pu00z
      author: Zuo, J
       title: Robust SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell immunity is maintained at 6 months following primary infection
        date: 2020-11-02
       words: 3502
      flesch: 39
     summary: A comparative overview Persistence of Antibodies against Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Duration of antibody responses after severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell immunity in cases of COVID-19 and SARS, and uninfected controls Recovery from the Middle East respiratory syndrome is associated with antibody and T-cell responses Targets of T Cell Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus in Humans with COVID-19 Disease and Unexposed Individuals Healthcare workers with mild / asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection show T cell responses and neutralising antibodies after the first wave Circulating CXCR5(+)CXCR3(+)PD-1(lo) It was noteworthy that CD4 T cells responses against SARS-CoV-2 outnumbered CD8 effector cells by ratio of 2 to 1.
    keywords: cell; cov-2; infection; responses; sars; spike
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        item: #3866 of 5187
          id: cord-329186-0eoz4npg
      author: Xia, Shuai
       title: The role of furin cleavage site in SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-mediated membrane fusion in the presence or absence of trypsin
        date: 2020-06-12
       words: 1785
      flesch: 53
     summary: b Mutated SARS-CoV-2 S proteins with mutation in S1/S2 region, including SARS-CoV-2-m1 (mutating RRAR into SSAR), SARS-CoV-2-m2 (deleting four amino acids, PRRA), SARS-CoV-2-m3 (replacing QTQTNSPRRARSVASQSII in SARS-CoV-2 with HTVSLLRSTSQKSIV derived from SARS-CoV), SARS-CoV-m1 (replacing HTVSLLRSTSQKSIV in SARS-CoV with QTQTNSPRRARSVASQSII derived from SARS-CoV-2), and SARS-CoV-m2 (mutating RRAR in SARS-CoV-m1 into SSAR). 3 Coincidentally, phylogenetic analysis of SARS-CoV-2 identified an insertion of RRAR (FCS) at the S1/S2 site of SARS-CoV-2-S, which is absent in SARS-CoV and other SARS-related coronaviruses (SARSr-CoVs), particularly RaTG13, which has 96% identity of its genomic sequence to that of SARS-CoV-2 ( Fig. 1b and Supplementary Fig.
    keywords: cell; cov-2; fusion; sars
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        item: #3867 of 5187
          id: cord-329190-kv9n2qj3
      author: Rabaan, Ali A.
       title: A review of candidate therapies for Middle East respiratory syndrome from a molecular perspective
        date: 2017-09-01
       words: 8912
      flesch: 43
     summary: www.inovio.com/products/ infectious-disease-vaccines/mers A synthetic consensus anti-spike protein DNA vaccine induces protective immunity against Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in nonhuman primates MERS-CoV vaccine candidates in development: the current landscape Delayed induction of proinflammatory cytokines and suppression of innate antiviral response by the novel Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: implications for pathogenesis and treatment Toll-Like receptor 3 signaling via TRIF contributes to a protective innate immune response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection MERS-coronavirus replication induces severe in vitro cytopathology and is strongly inhibited by cyclosporin A or interferon-a treatment Inhibition of novel b coronavirus replication by a combination of interferon-a2b and ribavirin Treatment with interferon-a2b and ribavirin improves outcome in MERS-CoV-infected rhesus macaques Bioinformatics analysis on molecular mechanism of Ribavirin and interferon-a in treating MERS-CoV Treatment with lopinavir/ritonavir or interferon-b1b improves outcome of MERS-CoV infection in a nonhuman primate model of common marmoset Middle Eastern Respiratory syndrome Corona virus (MERS CoV): case reports from a tertiary care hospital in Saudi Arabia Ribavirin and interferon alfa-2a for severe Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection: a retrospective cohort study Role of the spike glycoprotein of human Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in virus entry and syncytia formation The spike protein of the emerging betacoronavirus EMC uses a novel coronavirus receptor for entry, can be activated by TMPRSS2, and is targeted by neutralizing antibodies Host cell entry of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus after two-step, furin-mediated activation of the spike protein The heptad repeat region is a major selection target in MERS-CoV and related coronaviruses Identification of nafamostat as a potent inhibitor of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus S protein-mediated membrane fusion using the split-protein-based cell-cell fusion assay Glycopeptide antibiotics potently inhibit cathepsin L in the late endosome/lysosome and block the entry of Ebola virus, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) Crystal structure of the papain-like protease of MERS coronavirus reveals unusual, potentially druggable active-site features Proteolytic processing, deubiquitinase and interferon antagonist activities of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus papain-like protease Inhibitor recognition specificity of MERS-CoV papain-like protease may differ from that of SARS-CoV X-ray Structure and Enzymatic Activity Profile of a Core Papain-like Protease of MERS Coronavirus with utility for structure-based drug design Small molecules targeting severe acute respiratory syndrome human coronavirus Screening of an FDA-approved compound library identifies four small-molecule inhibitors of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus replication in cell culture Towards improving clinical management of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Ninth Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses Cross host transmission in the emergence of MERS coronavirus Rooting the phylogenetic tree of middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus by characterization of a conspecific virus from an African bat Close relative of human Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in bat MERS-Coronavirus molecular epidemiology and genetic analysis -Origin and evolution MERS coronavirus: diagnostics, epidemiology and transmission Genomic characterization of a newly discovered coronavirus associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome in humans Reverse genetics with a full-length infectious cDNA of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Coronaviruses lacking exoribonuclease activity are susceptible to lethal mutagenesis: evidence for proofreading and potential therapeutics Evolutionary dynamics of MERS-CoV: potential recombination, positive selection and transmission MERS-CoV spike protein: a key target for antivirals Host species restriction of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus through its receptor, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 Adenosine deaminase acts as a natural antagonist for dipeptidyl peptidase 4-mediated entry of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Glycosylation of mouse DPP4 plays a role in inhibiting Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: transmission, virology and therapeutic targeting to aid in outbreak control Recombination, reservoirs, and the modular spike: mechanisms of coronavirus cross-species transmission Protease inhibitors targeting coronavirus and filovirus entry Critical assessment of the important residues involved in the dimerization and catalysis of MERS Coronavirus Main protease Thiopurine analogs and mycophenolic acid synergistically inhibit the papain-like protease of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus The structural and accessory proteins M, ORF 4a, ORF 4b, and ORF 5 of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) are potent interferon antagonists Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus ORF4b protein inhibits type I interferon production through both cytoplasmic and nuclear targets Productive replication of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in monocyte-derived dendritic cells modulates innate immune response High secretion of interferons by human plasmacytoid dendritic cells upon recognition of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Middle East respiratory syndrome Coronavirus efficiently infects human primary T lymphocytes and activates the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis pathways Adjunctive therapies and immunomodulating agents for severe influenza Hyperimmune IV immunoglobulin treatment: a multicenter double-blind randomized controlled trial for patients with severe 2009 influenza A(H1N1) infection The effectiveness of convalescent plasma and hyperimmune immunoglobulin for the treatment of severe acute respiratory infections of viral etiology: a systematic review and exploratory meta-analysis SARS: systematic review of treatment effects Feasibility, safety, clinical, and laboratory effects of convalescent plasma therapy for patients with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection: a study protocol Treatment strategies for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Clinical and laboratory findings of the first imported case of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus to the United States Evaluation of candidate vaccine approaches for MERS-CoV A conformationdependent neutralizing monoclonal antibody specifically targeting receptor-binding domain in Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein Exceptionally potent neutralization of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus by human monoclonal antibodies Passive transfer of A Germline-like neutralizing human monoclonal antibody protects transgenic mice against Lethal Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Prophylaxis with a Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV)-Specific human monoclonal antibody protects rabbits from MERS-CoV infection Potent neutralization of MERS-CoV by human neutralizing monoclonal antibodies to the viral spike glycoprotein Structural basis for the neutralization of MERS-CoV by a human monoclonal antibody MERS-27 A humanized neutralizing antibody against MERS-CoV targeting the receptor-binding domain of the spike protein Single-dose treatment with a humanized neutralizing antibody affords full protection of a human transgenic mouse model from lethal Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)-coronavirus infection Rapid generation of a human monoclonal antibody to combat Middle East respiratory syndrome 3B11-N, a monoclonal antibody against MERS-CoV, reduces lung pathology in rhesus monkeys following intratracheal inoculation of MERS-CoV Jordan-n3/2012 Inhibition of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection by anti-CD26 monoclonal antibody Structure-based discovery of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus fusion inhibitor Interaction between heptad repeat 1 and 2 regions in spike protein of SARS-associated coronavirus: implications for virus fusogenic mechanism and identification of fusion inhibitors Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) infection inhibition using spike protein heptad repeatderived peptides Protective effect of intranasal regimens containing peptidic Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus fusion inhibitor against MERS-CoV infection A truncated receptorbinding domain of MERS-CoV spike protein potently inhibits MERS-CoV infection and induces strong neutralizing antibody responses: implication for developing therapeutics and vaccines Intranasal vaccination with recombinant receptor-binding domain of MERS-CoV spike protein induces much stronger local mucosal immune responses than subcutaneous immunization: implication for designing novel mucosal MERS vaccines Receptor-binding domain-based subunit vaccines against MERS-CoV Identification of an ideal adjuvant for receptor-binding domain-based subunit vaccines against Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Recombinant receptor-binding domains of multiple Middle East respiratory syndrome coronaviruses (MERS-CoVs) induce cross-neutralizing antibodies against divergent human and camel MERS-CoVs and antibody escape mutants Purified coronavirus spike protein nanoparticles induce coronavirus neutralizing antibodies in mice Toward developing a preventive MERS-CoV Vaccine-Report from a workshop organized by the Saudi Arabia Ministry of Health and the International Vaccine Institute Protective efficacy of recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara delivering Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike glycoprotein Systemic and mucosal immunity in mice elicited by a single immunization with human adenovirus type 5 or 41 vector-based vaccines carrying the spike protein of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus A highly immunogenic and protective Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus vaccine based on a recombinant measles virus vaccine platform An orthopoxvirus-based vaccine reduces virus excretion after MERS-CoV infection in dromedary camels GLS-5300 SynCon® immunotherapy targeting Middle East Respiratory Syndrome.
    keywords: antibody; coronavirus; cov; east; human; ifn; infection; mers; middle; potential; protein; respiratory; sars; syndrome; therapies; treatment; vitro
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        item: #3868 of 5187
          id: cord-329193-xuxbqbsf
      author: Park, Soo-kyung
       title: Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Fecal Samples from Patients with Asymptomatic and Mild COVID-19 in Korea
        date: 2020-06-10
       words: 3535
      flesch: 46
     summary: Although COVID-19 is characterized by fever and respiratory symptoms, some patients have no or mild symptoms. It is well established that most patients with COVID-19 have fever along with respiratory symptoms, and human-to-human transmission occurs among close contacts, mainly through respiratory droplets and direct contact.
    keywords: covid-19; patients; sars; shedding; specimens; symptoms
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        item: #3869 of 5187
          id: cord-329200-o5hxpl8f
      author: Houlihan, Catherine F
       title: The complexities of SARS-CoV-2 serology
        date: 2020-09-23
       words: 1013
      flesch: 30
     summary: The expectation is that the best predictor of antibodymediated protection will come from neutralisation assays, in which the ability of patient serum to prevent live virus infecting cell cultures is measured. The Abbott, Roche, and Siemens assays were the most specific.
    keywords: antibody; assays; sars
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        item: #3870 of 5187
          id: cord-329221-miztel9l
      author: rudolf, f.
       title: Clinical Characterisation of Lateral Flow Assays for Detection of COVID-19 Antibodies in a population
        date: 2020-08-21
       words: 3690
      flesch: 43
     summary: Importantly, our biobank allows stratifying the sensitivity estimates by days post symptoms and disease severity, thereby providing a more detailed picture of test performance for oligosymptomatic patients which comprise about 80% of cases in a population. The PPV is mainly determined by the specificity of the test, and a low prevalence can severely influence the PPV due to the high proportion of false positive test results ( Figure 3 ).
    keywords: funder; license; medrxiv; peer; preprint; samples; tests
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        item: #3871 of 5187
          id: cord-329240-atisrhas
      author: Fedorenko, Aliza
       title: Virus survival in evaporated saliva microdroplets deposited on inanimate surfaces
        date: 2020-06-16
       words: 4499
      flesch: 43
     summary: Thus, RH and hydration conditions are not sufficient to explain virus survival, indicating that the suspended medium, and association with saliva components in particular, likely affect physicochemical properties that determine virus survival. The factors that affect virus survival in droplets that settle on surfaces are complex and not well understood.
    keywords: microdroplets; saliva; sars; surfaces; survival; virus; viruses; water
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        item: #3872 of 5187
          id: cord-329262-ybr1auo2
      author: Moriel‐Carretero, María
       title: The hypothetical role of Phosphatidic Acid in subverting ER membranes during SARS‐CoV infection
        date: 2020-05-18
       words: 3965
      flesch: 34
     summary: In particular, the cubic potential of the ER can be unlocked at a low or no energy cost by widespread homodimerization between membrane proteins 39 The molecular biology of coronaviruses Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Targeting the Endocytic Pathway and Autophagy Process as a Novel Therapeutic Strategy in COVID-19 Wrapping things up about virus RNA replication Parallels among positive-strand RNA viruses, reverse-transcribing viruses and double-stranded RNA viruses Seeking membranes: positive-strand RNA virus replication complexes How the double spherules of infectious bronchitis virus impact our understanding of RNA virus replicative organelles Infectious bronchitis virus generates spherules from zippered endoplasmic reticulum membranes Localization and membrane topology of coronavirus nonstructural protein 4: involvement of the early secretory pathway in replication The intracellular sites of early replication and budding of SARS-coronavirus SARS-coronavirus replication is supported by a reticulovesicular network of modified endoplasmic reticulum Ultrastructural characterization of SARS coronavirus Ultrastructure and origin of membrane vesicles associated with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus replication complex Antioxidant Role for Lipid Droplets in a Stem Cell Niche of Drosophila Expanding roles for lipid droplets Identification of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus replicase products and characterization of papainlike protease activity Multiple enzymatic activities associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus helicase Identification and characterization of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus replicase proteins Open reading frame 1a-encoded subunits of the arterivirus replicase induce endoplasmic reticulum-derived doublemembrane vesicles which carry the viral replication complex RNA replication of mouse hepatitis virus takes place at double-membrane vesicles Regulation of phospholipid synthesis in yeast Messenger functions of phosphatidic acid Phosphatidic acid-and phosphatidylserine-binding proteins Modulation of membrane curvature by phosphatidic acid and lysophosphatidic acid Phosphatidic acid and neurotransmission A role for seipin in lipid droplet dynamics and inheritance in yeast Seipin is involved in the regulation of phosphatidic acid metabolism at a subdomain of the nuclear envelope in yeast Dissecting seipin function: the localized accumulation of phosphatidic acid at ER/LD junctions in the absence of seipin is suppressed by Sei1p(DeltaNterm) only in combination with Ldb16p Seipin performs dissectible functions in promoting lipid droplet biogenesis and regulating droplet morphology Fld1p, a functional homologue of human seipin, regulates the size of lipid droplets in yeast A role for phosphatidic acid in the formation of supersized lipid droplets Architecture of Lipid Droplets in Endoplasmic Reticulum Is Determined by Phospholipid Intrinsic Curvature ER Membrane Phospholipids and Surface Tension Control Cellular Lipid Droplet Formation The biogenesis of lipid droplets: Lipids take center stage Seipin Facilitates Triglyceride Flow to Lipid Droplet and Counteracts Droplet Ripening via Endoplasmic Reticulum Contact Life -as a Matter of Fat: Lipids in a Membrane Biophysics Perspective Direct template matching reveals a host subcellular membrane gyroid cubic structure that is associated with SARS virus Fusion of lipid bilayers: a model involving mechanistic connection to HII phase forming lipids Generation of cubic membranes by controlled homotypic interaction of membrane proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum Expression and Cleavage of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus nsp3-4 Polyprotein Induce the Formation of Double-Membrane Vesicles That Mimic Those Associated with Coronaviral RNA Replication Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus nonstructural proteins 3, 4, and 6 induce double-membrane vesicles Lipid Droplets Are Essential for Efficient Clearance of Cytosolic Inclusion Bodies Hepatitis C virus and lipid droplets: finding a niche Dengue virus capsid protein usurps lipid droplets for viral particle formation Entangled in a membranous web: ER and lipid droplet reorganization during hepatitis C virus infection Dengue virus-induced autophagy regulates lipid metabolism Rotaviruses associate with cellular lipid droplet components to replicate in viroplasms, and compounds disrupting or blocking lipid droplets inhibit viroplasm formation and viral replication Functional characterization of bovine viral diarrhea virus nonstructural protein 5A by reverse genetic analysis and live cell imaging A Proximity Labeling Strategy
    keywords: acid; cubic; infection; lipid; membrane; rna; sars; virus
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        item: #3873 of 5187
          id: cord-329290-vqvujry3
      author: Kempker, Russell R
       title: Loss of Smell and Taste Among Healthcare Personnel Screened for Coronavirus 2019
        date: 2020-06-28
       words: 1910
      flesch: 50
     summary: In summary, our findings demonstrate the utility and need for HCP COVID-19 screening and suggest that loss of smell and/or taste be added to symptom screening algorithms. Our aim in this study was to describe the most common and distinguishing clinical symptoms among HCP who underwent screening for COVID-19, with the goal of enhancing future COVID-19 symptom screening efforts.
    keywords: covid-19; hcp; loss; smell; taste
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        item: #3874 of 5187
          id: cord-329308-ipui7lo6
      author: Lim, Soo
       title: Proper Management of People with Obesity during the COVID-19 Pandemic
        date: 2020-06-30
       words: 4617
      flesch: 32
     summary: Obesity (Silver Spring) Clinical findings of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in Jiangsu province, China: a retrospective, multi-center study Severe obesity, increasing age and male sex are independently associated with worse in-hospital outcomes, and higher in-hospital mortality Association of higher body mass index (BMI) with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in younger patients Clinical characteristics and outcomes of 112 cardiovascular disease patients infected by 2019-nCoV Covid-19 in critically ill patients in the Seattle region: case series Surgical tracheostomies in COVID-19 patients: a multidisciplinary approach and lessons learned Body mass index, weight discrimination, and psychological, behavioral, and interpersonal responses to the coronavirus pandemic MYC-induced reprogramming of glutamine catabolism supports optimal virus replication COVID-19: consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression Coagulopathy and antiphospholipid antibodies in patients with Covid-19 Binding of SARS coronavirus to its receptor damages islets and causes acute diabetes Prevalence of comorbidities and its effects in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2: a systematic review and meta-analysis Regular exercise enhances the immune response against microbial antigens through up-regulation of toll-like receptor signaling pathways Participation profile of adults with class III obesity Immunologic profile of excessive body weight Impact of obesity on influenza a virus pathogenesis, immune response, and evolution Obesity and COVID-19: A crucial role of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in SARS coronavirus-induced lung injury Loss of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 accelerates maladaptive left ventricular remodeling in response to myocardial infarction Korean Society for the Study of Obesity Guideline for the Management of Obesity in Korea Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is an essential regulator of heart function SARS-coronavirus modulation of myocardial ACE2 expression and inflammation in patients with SARS Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition and angiotensin II receptor blockers on cardiac angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors and risk of Covid-19 Evidence against a major role for angiotensin converting enzyme-related carboxypeptidase (ACE2) in angiotensin peptide metabolism in the human coronary circulation Elevated plasma angiotensin converting enzyme 2 activity is an independent predictor of major adverse cardiac events in patients with obstructive coronary artery disease Urinary angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in hypertensive patients may be increased by olmesartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker Effects of captopril related to increased levels of prostacyclin and angiotensin-(1-7) in essential hypertension SARS-CoV-2 receptor and regulator of the renin-angiotensin system: celebrating the 20th anniversary of the discovery of ACE2 Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors improve the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients with hypertension Clinical consequences of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor withdrawal in chronic heart failure: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study of quinapril: the Quinapril Heart Failure Trial Investigators Indications for ACE inhibitors in the early treatment of acute myocardial infarction: systematic overview of individual data from 100,000 patients in randomized trials Renin-angiotensin system blockers and the COVID-19 pandemic: at present there is no evidence to abandon renin-angiotensin system blockers Rosuvastatin to prevent vascular events in men and women with elevated C-reactive protein Simvastatin suppresses RANTES-mediated neutrophilia in polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid-induced pneumonia Pleiotropic effects of statins on the cardiovascular system Influenza and COPD mortality protection as pleiotropic, dose-dependent effects of statins Collateral damage of the COV-ID-19 pandemic on nutritional quality and physical activity: perspective from South Korea
    keywords: ace2; angiotensin; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; obesity; pandemic; patients; people; risk; sars; system
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        item: #3875 of 5187
          id: cord-329311-p68kr4ga
      author: Prebensen, Christian
       title: SARS-CoV-2 RNA in plasma is associated with ICU admission and mortality in patients hospitalized with COVID-19
        date: 2020-09-05
       words: 1459
      flesch: 52
     summary: c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t Multiorgan and Renal Tropism of SARS-CoV-2 Detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real-time RT-PCR High frequency of SARS-CoV-2 RNAemia and association with severe disease Impact of neuraminidase inhibitor treatment on outcomes of public health importance during the 2009-2010 influenza A(H1N1) pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis in hospitalized patients Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load on Risk of Intubation and Mortality Among Hospitalized Patients with Coronavirus Disease Viral load dynamics and disease severity in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Zhejiang province, China Correlation of Chest CT and RT-PCR Testing in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China: A Report of 1014 Cases Virological assessment of hospitalized patients with COVID-2019 A c c e p t e d In this prospective study of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 we detected SARS-CoV-2 RNAemia in 47% of included patients, and a significantly higher frequency of RNAemia and higher RNA loads in and similarly found that RNAemia was associated with ICU admission and hospital mortality
    keywords: patients; rna; sars
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        item: #3876 of 5187
          id: cord-329318-eo8auo1f
      author: Gusarov, Sergey
       title: COSMO-RS-Based Descriptors for the Machine Learning-Enabled Screening of Nucleotide Analogue Drugs against SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-10-26
       words: 3973
      flesch: 38
     summary: In this study, we propose a novel set of drug screening descriptors based on COSMO-RS σ-profiles, augmented by dipole moment and induced charge of the phosphorus atom, to evaluate the chemical similarity of the drugs with nucleotides, as RNA replication transcription initiation activators. 13, 14 Computational data-driven approaches for drug screening are particularly useful for the identification of drug candidates.
    keywords: chemical; cosmo; cov-2; descriptors; docking; drug; sars; screening; set
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        item: #3877 of 5187
          id: cord-329328-c6svx4qa
      author: Reydon, Thomas A. C.
       title: How can science be well-ordered in times of crisis? Learning from the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
        date: 2020-11-03
       words: 1741
      flesch: 39
     summary: Kitcher’s ideal should play a role in assessing the allocation of research resources in future crisis situations, as it provides a way to balance highly divergent interests and incorporate the common good into decision-making processes on research. Because there are so many different interest at stake and so many different possible research topics are related to these interests in complicated ways, the task of directing the allocation of research resources toward the needs of all is daunting.
    keywords: ideal; kitcher; research; science
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        item: #3878 of 5187
          id: cord-329363-kaw3h5xm
      author: Vardeny, Orly
       title: Applying the Lessons of Influenza to COVID-19 During a Time of Uncertainty
        date: 2020-05-26
       words: 1031
      flesch: 20
     summary: Whereas the majority of severe morbidity associated with COVID-19 has been pulmonary, reports are emerging of cardiac injury, left ventricular dysfunction, and myocarditis associated with severe COVID-19, 4 and the molecular similarities of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV make cardiac effects similar to those reported with SARS likely. In patients without known or suspected COVID-19, this includes all evidence-based therapies in cardiovascular disease, such as aspirin, statins, and β-blockers for secondary prevention in patients with coronary disease, and guideline-directed medical therapy in those with heart failure.
    keywords: covid-19; disease; influenza; sars
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        item: #3879 of 5187
          id: cord-329392-fufattj8
      author: den Hartog, Gerco
       title: SARS-CoV-2–Specific Antibody Detection for Seroepidemiology: A Multiplex Analysis Approach Accounting for Accurate Seroprevalence
        date: 2020-08-08
       words: 4345
      flesch: 36
     summary: Many countries now aim to assess the protective status of the general population for COVID-19 using antibody assays. For the ROC analyses antibody concentrations of cross-sectional Pienter3 participants (n = 224), ILI patients with coronavirus (n = 74), or other viral infection (n = 110) were used as the negative control group and PCR-confirmed COVID-19 samples (n = 115) with various clinical severities were used in the positive group.
    keywords: antibodies; assay; cov-2; covid-19; patients; sars; specificity
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        item: #3880 of 5187
          id: cord-329395-4k8js9v2
      author: Ratcliff, Jeremy
       title: Evaluation of Different PCR Assay Formats for Sensitive and Specific Detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA
        date: 2020-07-01
       words: 1667
      flesch: 35
     summary: As determined by 50% endpoint detection, the sensitivities of three RT-qPCRs and nested PCR methods varied substantially depending on the transcript target with no method approaching single copy detection. 19 An alternative, more cost-effective diagnostic method for SARS-CoV-2 RNA is nested PCR. 20 Nested PCR is based on the use of two sequential PCR amplifications wherein the secondary set 21 of primers target sequences nested within the amplicon produced by the first round amplification.
    keywords: cov-2; detection; pcr; rna; sars
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        item: #3881 of 5187
          id: cord-329454-69z28yli
      author: Humar, Atul
       title: Severe acute respiratory syndrome and the liver
        date: 2004-01-30
       words: 1890
      flesch: 36
     summary: Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was positive for SARS coronavirus in liver tissue from all three patients, although virions could not be detected either by plaque assay on Vero cells or by electron microscopy. Defining the basis for susceptibility to severe inflammatory outcomes after coronavirus infection has obvious implications for the study and treatment of clinical SARS.
    keywords: acute; coronavirus; infection; liver; sars; syndrome
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        item: #3882 of 5187
          id: cord-329473-dtlwjndn
      author: Guo, Ao-Xiang
       title: The clinical characteristics and mortal causes analysis of COVID-19 death patients
        date: 2020-04-15
       words: 3280
      flesch: 60
     summary: However, few researches focused on the clinical features of death patients. Patients and methods: The clinical characteristics of death patients were collected from publicized by local health authorities in China.
    keywords: death; heart; license; patients; preprint
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        item: #3883 of 5187
          id: cord-329493-ueqlhgn0
      author: Stadler, Konrad
       title: SARS — beginning to understand a new virus
        date: 2003
       words: 5153
      flesch: 43
     summary: Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Epidemiological determinants of spread of causal agent of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Clinical presentations and outcome of severe acute respiratory syndrome in children Clinical progression and viral load in a community outbreak of coronavirus-associated SARS pneumonia: a prospective study Acute respiratory syndrome in China Summary of probable SARS cases with onset of illness from 1 Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome A Nnvel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Aetiology: Koch's postulates fulfilled for SARS virus Newly discovered coronavirus as the primary cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Transmission dynamics of the etiological agent of SARS in Hong Kong: impact of public health interventions Transmission dynamics and control of severe acute respiratory syndrome Isolation and characterization of viruses related to the SARS coronavirus from animals in southern China SARS in China: tracking the roots of a killer Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Singapore Virus Taxonomy The genome sequence of the SARSassociated coronavirus References 17 and 18 are the first reports of the complete genome sequences of two SARS-CoV isolates (TOR2 and Urbani strains, respectively) The complete genome sequence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus strain HKU-39849 (HK-39) Mechanisms and enzymes involved in SARS coronavirus genome expression The complete genome sequence of a SARS-CoV isolate (FRA) and experimental data on its key RNA elements and protein functions are described. Their efficacy still needs to be shown, but our laboratory (and possibly others) are in the process of testing vaccines on the basis of inactivated SARS virus in pre-clinical models.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov; domain; genome; group; protein; rna; sars; sequence; spike; syndrome; virus
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        item: #3884 of 5187
          id: cord-329504-91te3nu8
      author: Croll, Tristan
       title: Making the invisible enemy visible
        date: 2020-10-07
       words: 4827
      flesch: 47
     summary: Visualizing an unseen enemy; mobilizing structural biology to counter COVID-19 RCSB Protein Data Bank: Sustaining a living digital data resource that enables breakthroughs in scientific research and biomedical education Announcing the worldwide Protein Data Bank Xtriage and Fest: automatic assessment of X-ray data and substructure structure factor estimation AUSPEX: a graphical tool for X-ray diffraction data analysis The PDB_REDO Server for Macromolecular Structure Model Optimization Errors in protein structures This has included a number of posts on our homepage aimed at non-scientists and live streaming the reprocessing of data on Twitch, as well as the design, production, and public release of an accurate 3D printed model of SARS-CoV-2 based on deposited structures for use as a prop for outreach activities.
    keywords: cov-2; data; errors; map; model; pdb; polymerase; protein; rna; sars; structures
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        item: #3885 of 5187
          id: cord-329643-hhk900c1
      author: Skalina, K. A.
       title: Extended Storage of SARS-CoV2 Nasopharyngeal Swabs Does Not Negatively Impact Results of Molecular-Based Testing
        date: 2020-05-20
       words: 1871
      flesch: 37
     summary: This study utilized three different automated real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in vitro diagnostic platforms (Luminex ARIES, Panther Fusion, and Abbott m2000) currently in use for clinical testing of SARS-CoV-2 at the Department of Pathology, Division of Virology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY. These varied assay constructs may be differentially affected by storage conditions and degradation.
    keywords: cov-2; sars; storage; testing; time
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        item: #3886 of 5187
          id: cord-329707-89zyu8bl
      author: Zhang, Xue
       title: Inhibition of SARS-CoV Gene Expression by Adenovirus-Delivered Small Hairpin RNA
        date: 2006-11-30
       words: 3220
      flesch: 49
     summary: 3 d, lane 3) , but To determine effects of shRNAs on viral RNA expression, total RNAs isolated from transfected cells were used as templates to synthesize cDNA. With availability of high titers of adenoviruses and uniform and rapid infection, this technology will have a foreseeable wide application both in experimental biology and molecular medicine. Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Clinical progression and viral load in a community outbreak of coronavirus-associated SARS pneumonia: a prospective study A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Characterization of a novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome The genome sequence of the SARS-associated coronavirus Philadelphia, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Ribonucleoprotein-like structures from coronavirus particles The molecular biology of coronaviruses The nucleocapsid protein of coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus interacts with the cellular heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 in vitro and in vivo Activation of AP-1 signal transduction pathway by SARS coronavirus nucleocapsid protein A highly conserved region of the Sendai virus nucleocapsid protein contributes to the NP-NP binding domain Hantavirus nucleocapsid protein coiled-coil domains
    keywords: cells; cov; expression; fig; gene; rna; sars; shrna; virus
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        item: #3887 of 5187
          id: cord-329710-vqorb6j7
      author: Kumar, Krishna
       title: Exploiting Existing Molecular Scaffolds for Long-Term COVID Treatment
        date: 2020-05-27
       words: 2481
      flesch: 42
     summary: By discussing the current inventory of viral inhibitors, we identify molecular scaffolds that may be improved by medicinal chemistry efforts for effective therapeutics to treat current and future coronavirus-caused diseases. Given that approximately a quarter of human proteases are predicted to belong to this class, design of specific viral inhibitors remains a challenge.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; helicase; host; inhibitors; sars
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        item: #3888 of 5187
          id: cord-329794-msxrdhb3
      author: Lu, Aili
       title: Attenuation of SARS coronavirus by a short hairpin RNA expression plasmid targeting RNA-dependent RNA polymerase
        date: 2004-06-20
       words: 2693
      flesch: 52
     summary: To test this possibility, in the present study, HeLa cells and 293 cells were transfected with SARS coronavirus RDRP, and the effect of RNAi on inhibition of RDRP of coronavirus was tested. shRNA reduced the production of SARS RDRP proteins To confirm the effect of shRNA on RDRP expression, we performed Western blot analysis.
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; expression; plasmid; rdrp; rna; sars
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        item: #3889 of 5187
          id: cord-329825-e9mepqvn
      author: Giamarellos-Bourboulis, Evangelos J.
       title: Complex Immune Dysregulation in COVID-19 Patients with Severe Respiratory Failure
        date: 2020-04-21
       words: 3759
      flesch: 38
     summary: Three main features need to be outlined: (1) patients with COVID-19 and SRF are less severe than those with severe bacterial CAP, on the basis of the traditional severity scores of sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) II; (2) this leads to the conclusion that COVID-19 patients undergo an acute immune dysregulation with deterioration into SRF before the overall state of severity is advanced; and (3) although the burden of co-morbidities of patients with COVID-19, as expressed by the Charlson's co-morbidity index, is higher among patients with SRF than among patients without SRF, it remains remarkably lower that traditional bacterial CAP and sepsis. The function of PBMCs in patients with SRF caused by 2009H1N1 was also impaired, and there was lower TNF-a production, a pattern different from COVID-19 patients ( Figure 4C) .
    keywords: cd45; cov-2; covid-19; dysregulation; hla; il-6; patients; sars
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        item: #3890 of 5187
          id: cord-329840-f3dsu36p
      author: Hati, Sanchita
       title: Impact of Thiol-Disulfide Balance on the Binding of Covid-19 Spike Protein with Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 Receptor
        date: 2020-05-11
       words: 2502
      flesch: 41
     summary: In particular, the interaction of viral spike proteins with ACE2 is a critical step in the viral replication cycle. [3] [4] The role of oxidative stress on the binding of viral proteins on the host cell surface receptors is a relatively underexplored area of biomedical research.
    keywords: ace2; binding; cov; cov-2; disulfide; protein; sars
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        item: #3891 of 5187
          id: cord-329844-w969lczb
      author: Robson, B.
       title: Bioinformatics studies on a function of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein as the binding of host sialic acid glycans
        date: 2020-06-08
       words: 15937
      flesch: 45
     summary: Also, more generally, in preparative work, comparison of the spike protein sequence of the spike protein with sialic acid glycan binding proteins and other sugar binding proteins, or domains of them. A likely relevant observation was that the first set of amino acid residues (the set containing aspartate) and binding sialic acids tended to occur in a subsequence that adopted a local loop conformation, while the second set (that containing glutamate) were frequently associated with α-helices and particularly their termini.
    keywords: acid; acid glycan; acid residues; amino; amino acid; binding; cov-2; glycan; influenza; method; prediction; present; proteins; residues; sars; score; sequence; sialic; sites; spike; sugar; tryptophan; virus
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        item: #3892 of 5187
          id: cord-329853-kf3kh26y
      author: Trimarchi, Hernán
       title: Eculizumab, SARS-CoV-2 and atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome
        date: 2020-09-27
       words: 1103
      flesch: 34
     summary: Although eculizumab was unable to prevent the development of severe endothelial cell injury, as assessed by increasing D-dimer levels from 292 to 10 586 ng/mL, the patient eventually recovered following dexamethasone and convalescent plasma administration. However, eculizumab administration, both chronic and early (within 3 days of diagnosis and admission) in the course of COVID-19, was unable to prevent the development of severe pneumonia and severe endothelial cell injury as assessed by a 36-fold increase in D-dimer.
    keywords: ahus; complement; covid-19; eculizumab
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        item: #3893 of 5187
          id: cord-329876-4cgrjnjo
      author: Lei, Jian
       title: Structural and mutational analysis of the interaction between the Middle-East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) papain-like protease and human ubiquitin
        date: 2016-05-30
       words: 6867
      flesch: 59
     summary: The papainlike protease (PL pro ) of MERS-CoV (or SARS-CoV) is involved in both of these tasks (Yang et al., 2013; Barretto et al, 2005) . The structure of PL pro can be divided into two parts: a ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain and a catalytic domain with thumb, palm, and fingers subdomains.
    keywords: chain; complex; cov; cov pl; et al; mers; pl pro; pro; sars; ubiquitin
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        item: #3894 of 5187
          id: cord-329877-vish6v8e
      author: Lapinsky, Stephen E.
       title: ICU management of severe acute respiratory syndrome
        date: 2003-05-09
       words: 2641
      flesch: 42
     summary: This means timing blood analysis and administration of any therapies to minimize entries and use of video camera equipment or windows to monitor SARS patients without direct staff exposure. SARS patients should never be transported while being supported by bag-valve-mask ventilation, and should preferably be intubated.
    keywords: disease; patients; risk; sars; staff; syndrome; therapy
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        item: #3895 of 5187
          id: cord-329890-wg23sa1u
      author: Quah, Stella R.
       title: Public image and governance of epidemics: Comparing HIV/AIDS and SARS
        date: 2007-02-28
       words: 9741
      flesch: 45
     summary: In: Plenary address by Director of HIV/AIDS, WHO at the seventh international congress on AIDS in Asia and the Pacific World Health Organization [WHO] position statement on condoms and HIV prevention The politics of emerging and resurgent infectious diseases. I test two related assumptions: (1) a higher perception of disease severity and personal susceptibility to SARS as compared to HIV/AIDS, contributed to the higher effectiveness of SARS prevention efforts; (2) the second assumption is two-fold: (a) in contrast to SARS, the overall negative social 'image' of HIV/AIDS as a disease associated with particular types of individuals tends to weaken people's perception of susceptibility; (b) correspondingly, low perceived susceptibility tends to discourage public support for robust preventive efforts at the community level.
    keywords: aids; analysis; community; disease; health; hiv; image; people; prevention; public; respondents; sars; severity; susceptibility
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        item: #3896 of 5187
          id: cord-329904-e05ywn5e
      author: Jose, Merin
       title: Fatal Superimposed Bacterial Sepsis in a Healthy Coronavirus (COVID-19) Patient
        date: 2020-05-29
       words: 2259
      flesch: 42
     summary: Superimposed bacterial infection has not been a frequently reported feature of this infection so far. Our emphasis from this case report is to highlight the risk of superimposed bacterial infection in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; disease; infection; patients; sars
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        item: #3897 of 5187
          id: cord-329914-3b233vxl
      author: Plantier, L.
       title: Pratique des explorations fonctionnelles respiratoires pendant l’épidémie COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-05
       words: 2171
      flesch: 50
     summary: à la définition d'un secteur à faible densité virale, nous considérons que des précautions complémentaires visant à protéger les personnels et les patients sont indispensables du fait 1) de la contagiosité des sujets asymptomatiques et 2) des particularités de l'EFR et notamment de la génération de gouttelettes et/ou d'aérosols potentiellement infectants lors des manoeuvres expiratoires Cette possibilité est reconnue par le rapport de la Haute Autorité de Santé en date du 8 avril 2020
    keywords: d'un; dans; des; est; les; par; patient; que; sars
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        item: #3898 of 5187
          id: cord-329944-ywusapij
      author: Harbourt, D.
       title: Modeling the Stability of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on Skin, Currency, and Clothing
        date: 2020-07-03
       words: 2104
      flesch: 51
     summary: This study confirms the inverse relationship between virus stability and temperature. Furthermore, virus stability on skin demonstrates the need for continued hand hygiene practices to minimize fomite transmission both in the general population as well as workplaces where close contact is common.
    keywords: author; funder; medrxiv; preprint
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        item: #3899 of 5187
          id: cord-329959-4yecwdlo
      author: Lin, Min-Han
       title: Disulfiram can inhibit MERS and SARS coronavirus papain-like proteases via different modes
        date: 2017-12-28
       words: 5597
      flesch: 46
     summary: Next, we evaluated PL pro inhibition in the presence of disulfiram combined with 6TG and/or MPA by proteolytic assays using a peptidyl substrate. The observed inactivation rate constants (k inact ) from panel B were replotted against disulfiram concentration.
    keywords: cov; cov pl; disulfiram; et al; inhibition; mers; pl pro; pro; sars
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        item: #3900 of 5187
          id: cord-329971-09ubsq2k
      author: Tranoulis, Anastasios
       title: Challenges and management options of tubo-ovarian cancer during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
        date: 2020-06-30
       words: 666
      flesch: 35
     summary: Considering the uncertainty, as to the optimal tubo-ovarian cancer management, professional bodies have put in place recommendations to guide clinicians prioritise ovarian cancer care A rigorous counseling concerning the risk of undergoing surgery during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic should be done, whilst the national and international health bodies recommendations will supportively guide clinicians prioritise ovarian cancer care.
    keywords: cancer; sars
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        item: #3901 of 5187
          id: cord-330022-n3d130t8
      author: Pan, Daniel
       title: The impact of ethnicity on clinical outcomes in COVID-19: A systematic review
        date: 2020-06-03
       words: 5071
      flesch: 39
     summary: We inspected the full text, baseline characteristics tables and any relevant supplementary materials to explore whether ethnicity was reported and whether its relation with clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients was examined (Fig. 1 ). We found published evidence to suggest that those of Black ethnicity may be at higher risk of acquiring SARS-CoV-2 infection, compared to White patients.
    keywords: articles; covid-19; data; ethnicity; literature; mortality; outcomes; patients; risk; sars
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        item: #3902 of 5187
          id: cord-330031-c1n994j6
      author: Kratzel, Annika
       title: Efficient inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 by WHO-recommended hand rub formulations and alcohols
        date: 2020-03-17
       words: 755
      flesch: 37
     summary: key: cord-330031-c1n994j6 authors: Kratzel, Annika; Todt, Daniel; V’kovski, Philip; Steiner, Silvio; Gultom, Mitra L.; Thao, Tran Thi Nhu; Ebert, Nadine; Holwerda, Melle; Steinmann, Jörg; Niemeyer, Daniela; Dijkman, Ronald; Kampf, Günter; Drosten, Christian; Steinmann, Eike; Thiel, Volker; Pfaender, Stephanie title: Efficient inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 by WHO-recommended hand rub formulations and alcohols date: 2020-03-17 journal: bioRxiv DOI: 10.1101/2020.03.10.986711 sha: doc_id: 330031 cord_uid: c1n994j6 The recent emergence of Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing COVID-19 is a major burden for health care systems worldwide. Subsequent 23 regression analysis revealed similar inactivation profiles compared to SARS-CoV, 24 1 pathogenic human CoVs (Fig. 1A) .
    keywords: hand; sars
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        item: #3903 of 5187
          id: cord-330045-4gj9d181
      author: Sun, Jiufeng
       title: Prolonged Persistence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in Body Fluids
        date: 2020-08-17
       words: 1545
      flesch: 48
     summary: The estimated time until loss of virus RNA detection ranged from 45.6 days for nasopharyngeal swab samples to 46.3 days for feces samples in mild cases and from 48.9 days for nasopharyngeal swab samples to 49.4 days for feces samples in severe cases, which was longer than those of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV (10,11). We found differences in median time until loss of virus RNA detection among respiratory specimen types in mild cases but not in severe cases (Table) .
    keywords: cov-2; rna; samples; sars
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        item: #3904 of 5187
          id: cord-330061-q4xi260z
      author: Ferreira, João Guimarães
       title: Pneumothorax as a late complication of COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-31
       words: 2424
      flesch: 41
     summary: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): situation report -200 Deep impact of COVID-19 in the healthcare of Latin America: the case of Brazil Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan Severe Covid-19 Frequency and distribution of chest radiographic findings in COVID-19 positive patients Sensitivity of chest CT for COVID-19: comparison to RT-PCR Chest CT findings in coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19): relationship to duration of infection Laboratory abnormalities in patients with COVID-2019 infection Dexamethasone in hospitalized patients with Covid-19: preliminary report Therapeutic strategies for critically ill patients with COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 infection associated with spontaneous pneumothorax Diseases of the diaphragm, chest wall, pleura and mediastinum Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Analysis of 92 deceased patients with Covid-19 Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a systematic review of imaging findings in 919 patients Spontaneous pneumothorax and subcutaneous emphysema in COVID-19 patient: case report Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome Whereas some patients with COVID-19 developed pneumothorax in association with risk factors, such as mechanical ventilation, in others the only factor was the viral pneumonia itself 19 .
    keywords: cases; chest; covid-19; day; disease; patients; pneumothorax
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        item: #3905 of 5187
          id: cord-330067-ujhgb3b0
      author: Huang, Yi
       title: CoVDB: a comprehensive database for comparative analysis of coronavirus genes and genomes
        date: 2007-10-02
       words: 3010
      flesch: 50
     summary: During the process of coronavirus gene sequences analysis, we encountered a major problem when coronavirus gene sequences, especially those of orf1ab, were used for blast search against GenBank or any other coronavirus databases. The main goal for setting up CoVDB is to provide a convenient and efficient platform for retrieving batches of coronavirus gene sequences.
    keywords: coronavirus; covdb; genes; genome; group; proteins; sequence
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        item: #3906 of 5187
          id: cord-330074-5iqqgy65
      author: Patel, Smit D.
       title: Malignant Cerebral Ischemia in A COVID-19 Infected Patient: Case Review and Histopathological Findings
        date: 2020-08-05
       words: 1453
      flesch: 25
     summary: The Lancet Psychiatry SARS-CoV-2 and Stroke in a New York Healthcare System Venous and arterial thromboembolic complications in COVID-19 patients admitted to an academic hospital in High risk of thrombosis in patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection: a multicenter prospective cohort study Coexistence of COVID-19 and acute ischemic stroke report of four cases Incidence of thrombotic complications in critically ill ICU patients with COVID-19 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection and Ischemic Stroke Venous and arterial thromboembolic complications in COVID-19 patients admitted to an academic hospital in Arterial thromboembolic complications in COVID-19 in lowrisk patients despite prophylaxis Thrombosis risk associated with COVID-19 infection. Eventually, the P a g e | 6 Ischemic stroke and COVID-19 infection patient had worsening respiratory status and multifactorial shock.
    keywords: covid-19; infection; ischemic; stroke
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        item: #3907 of 5187
          id: cord-330093-asba80bi
      author: Leung, Janice M.
       title: Smoking, ACE-2 and COVID-19: ongoing controversies
        date: 2020-07-16
       words: 2785
      flesch: 40
     summary: K. Farsalinos and co-workers, through analysis of the pooled prevalence of current smoking across 11 case series determined that current smoking status was significantly lower than expected gender-and age-adjusted prevalence in COVID-19 patients. [2] , of 220 hospitalised and 311 nonhospitalised patients with COVID-19 patients across six acute care hospitals and associated outpatient clinics in metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia, for instance, demonstrated that smoking was an independent risk factor for COVID-19 hospitalisation, carrying an odds ratio of 2.3 (95% CI 1.2-4.5).
    keywords: cigarette; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; nicotine; patients; smoking
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        item: #3908 of 5187
          id: cord-330121-eadu2ba3
      author: Gudmundsdottir, Ágústa
       title: Inactivation of SARS‐CoV‐2 and HCoV‐229E in vitro by ColdZyme® a medical device mouth spray against common cold
        date: 2020-09-25
       words: 1629
      flesch: 51
     summary: The S protein is cleaved by host cell proteases such as furin, cathepsin and transmembrane serine protease TMPRSS2 3 . Therefore, entry of coronavirus into susceptible cells is a complex process that requires the concerted action of the S protein, receptor-binding and proteolytic processing by host cell proteases to promote virus-cell fusion 3 .
    keywords: cell; coronaviruses; cov-2; hcov-229e; sars
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        item: #3909 of 5187
          id: cord-330129-izr62c68
      author: Omer, Sumaira
       title: Preventive measures and management of COVID-19 in pregnancy
        date: 2020-04-09
       words: 1964
      flesch: 47
     summary: What are the risks of COVID-19 infection in pregnant women? Interim infection prevention and control recommendations for patients with suspected or confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in healthcare settings Clinical management of severe acute respiratory infection when novel coronavirus (nCoV) infection is suspected: interim guidance Chinese expert consensus on the perinatal and neonatal management for the prevention and control of the 2019 novel coronavirus infection National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China. For effective management, pregnant women with suspected COVID-19 should be isolated and then transferred to a hospital equipped with sufficient health facilities and fully trained clinicians to take proper care of critically ill obstetric patients.
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; health; infection; ncov; women
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        item: #3910 of 5187
          id: cord-330131-yfhrmbvx
      author: Danchin, Antoine
       title: Cytosine drives evolution of SARS‐CoV‐2
        date: 2020-04-27
       words: 5338
      flesch: 31
     summary: As parasites, viruses-especially those with small genomes, such as RNA viruses-do not generally code for functions that result in the construction of metabolic pathways. Viruses tap into the cell's resources, and this original setup of intermediary metabolism creates an intracellular chemical pressure that must constrain the evolution of the genome sequence of RNA viruses, in particular SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: antiviral; cell; ctp; cytosine; et al; evolution; genome; growth; metabolism; rna; sars; viral; virus
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        item: #3911 of 5187
          id: cord-330198-pwkxgbxk
      author: Cai, Xiaofang
       title: Clinical manifestations and pathogen characteristics in children admitted for suspected COVID-19
        date: 2020-10-27
       words: 4293
      flesch: 45
     summary: Although we strictly adhered to two pre-examinations and triage for all outpatients, most of the probable and confirmed COVID-19 cases were admitted from the fever clinic, and 12.5% (97/773) of the probable COVID-19 cases (including 5.3% (13/245) of confirmed COVID-19 cases) with atypical symptoms or critical illness were admitted from the emergency department. The incidence of fever was higher in non-COVID-19 cases (31, 75.6%) than that in confirmed COVID-19 cases (7, 53.8%) and suspected COVID-19 cases (19, 44.2%) (P = 0.013).
    keywords: cases; cells; children; cov-2; covid-19; non; patients; sars
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        item: #3912 of 5187
          id: cord-330200-l6bnxi40
      author: Huang, Jianping
       title: Long period dynamics of viral load and antibodies for SARS-CoV-2 infection: an observational cohort study
        date: 2020-04-27
       words: 4480
      flesch: 55
     summary: In addition, the seropositive rate for anti-S and anti-RBD IgM was significantly higher in viral RNA long persistence patients. Anti-RBD IgM and IgG levels, including anti-RBD IgM levels at presentation and peak time, were significantly higher in viral RNA short persistence patients than in long persistence patients.
    keywords: anti; cov-2; igm; patients; preprint; rna; sars
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        item: #3913 of 5187
          id: cord-330213-reb9vo7x
      author: Miladi, Milad
       title: The landscape of SARS-CoV-2 RNA modifications
        date: 2020-07-18
       words: 3215
      flesch: 47
     summary: RNA modifications are essential modulators of RNA stability and function. The recent invention of direct RNA sequencing protocols using nanopores enable unbiased detection of RNA modification.
    keywords: data; genome; modification; reads; rna; sars; sgrnas; sites; trs
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        item: #3914 of 5187
          id: cord-330266-uypjqif7
      author: Firpo, Mason R.
       title: Targeting Polyamines Inhibits Coronavirus Infection by Reducing Cellular Attachment and Entry
        date: 2020-09-23
       words: 5481
      flesch: 47
     summary: In fact, bunyaviruses and alphaviruses replicate with supplementation of 100 nM polyamines in polyamine depleted cells. Here, we show that polyamines, small metabolites synthesized in human cells, facilitate coronavirus replication and the depletion of polyamines with FDA-approved molecules significantly reduces coronavirus replication.
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; cov-2; depletion; dfmo; figure; infection; polyamines; replication; sars; treatment; virus
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        item: #3915 of 5187
          id: cord-330287-bkqjkhwu
      author: Miller, Danielle
       title: Full genome viral sequences inform patterns of SARS-CoV-2 spread into and within Israel
        date: 2020-11-02
       words: 6767
      flesch: 44
     summary: key: cord-330287-bkqjkhwu authors: Miller, Danielle; Martin, Michael A.; Harel, Noam; Tirosh, Omer; Kustin, Talia; Meir, Moran; Sorek, Nadav; Gefen-Halevi, Shiraz; Amit, Sharon; Vorontsov, Olesya; Shaag, Avraham; Wolf, Dana; Peretz, Avi; Shemer-Avni, Yonat; Roif-Kaminsky, Diana; Kopelman, Naama M.; Huppert, Amit; Koelle, Katia; Stern, Adi title: Full genome viral sequences inform patterns of SARS-CoV-2 spread into and within Israel date: 2020-11-02 journal: These were aimed at testing whether the set of exogenous (non-Israeli) sequences was biased, or whether the set of Israeli sequences was biased.
    keywords: analysis; cov-2; israel; number; phylodynamic; sars; sequences; spread; time; transmission; virus
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        item: #3916 of 5187
          id: cord-330315-upcf15q5
      author: Oudshoorn, Diede
       title: Expression and Cleavage of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus nsp3-4 Polyprotein Induce the Formation of Double-Membrane Vesicles That Mimic Those Associated with Coronaviral RNA Replication
        date: 2017-11-21
       words: 7740
      flesch: 41
     summary: The angular coverage for each single-axis tilt series was 130°sampled in Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Genomic characterization of a newly discovered coronavirus associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome in humans Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia Coronaviruses post-SARS: update on replication and pathogenesis SARS and MERS: recent insights into emerging coronaviruses Nidovirales: evolving the largest RNA virus genome The nonstructural proteins directing coronavirus RNA synthesis and processing Virus-encoded proteinases and proteolytic processing in the Nidovirales The SARS-coronavirus papain-like protease: structure, function and inhibition by designed antiviral compounds From SARS to MERS: crystallographic studies on coronaviral proteases enable antiviral drug design Nidovirus papain-like proteases: multifunctional enzymes with protease, deubiquitinating and deISGylating activities Recent advances in targeting viral proteases for the discovery of novel antivirals Modification of intracellular membrane structures for virus replication Cytoplasmic viral replication complexes Endoplasmic reticulum: the favorite intracellular niche for viral replication and assembly Untangling membrane rearrangement in the nidovirales Biogenesis and architecture of arterivirus replication organelles SARS-coronavirus replication is supported by a reticulovesicular network of modified endoplasmic reticulum RNA replication of mouse hepatitis virus takes place at double-membrane vesicles MERS-coronavirus replication induces severe in vitro cytopathology and is strongly inhibited by cyclosporin A or interferon-alpha treatment Ultrastructure and origin of membrane vesicles associated with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus replication complex Ultrastructural characterization of SARS coronavirus Qualitative and quantitative ultrastructural analysis of the membrane rearrangements induced by coronavirus Morphogenesis of coronavirus HCoV-NL63 in cell culture: a transmission electron microscopic study Targeting membrane-bound viral RNA synthesis reveals potent inhibition of diverse coronaviruses including the Middle East respiratory syndrome virus Ultrastructural characterization of membranous torovirus replication factories Infectious bronchitis virus generates spherules from zippered endoplasmic reticulum membranes Doublestranded RNA is produced by positive-strand RNA viruses and DNA viruses but not in detectable amounts by negative-strand RNA viruses Complex dynamic development of poliovirus membranous replication complexes The transformation of enterovirus replication structures: a three-dimensional study of single-and doublemembrane compartments Three-dimensional architecture and biogenesis of membrane structures associated with hepatitis C virus replication Bioinformatics and functional analyses of coronavirus nonstructural proteins involved in the formation of replicative organelles Localization and membrane topology of coronavirus nonstructural protein 4: involvement of the early secretory pathway in replication Topology and membrane anchoring of the coronavirus replication complex: not all hydrophobic domains of nsp3 and nsp6 are membrane spanning Detection of nonstructural protein 6 in murine coronavirus-infected cells and analysis of the transmembrane topology by using bioinformatics and molecular approaches Mutation in murine coronavirus replication protein nsp4 alters assembly of double membrane vesicles Mutations across murine hepatitis virus nsp4 alter virus fitness and membrane modifications Genetic analysis of murine hepatitis virus nsp4 in virus replication Murine hepatitis virus nonstructural protein 4 regulates virus-induced membrane modifications and replication complex function Non-structural proteins 2 and 3 interact to modify host cell membranes during the formation of the arterivirus replication complex Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus nonstructural proteins 3, 4, and 6 induce double-membrane vesicles Expression vector system based on the chicken beta-actin promoter directs efficient production of interleukin-5 Crystal structure of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) papain-like protease bound to ubiquitin facilitates targeted disruption of deubiquitinating activity to demonstrate its role in innate immune suppression Proteolytic processing, deubiquitinase and interferon antagonist activities of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus papain-like protease Mobility and interactions of coronavirus nonstructural protein 4 Genome-wide analysis of protein-protein interactions and involvement of viral proteins in SARS-CoV replication Membrane rearrangements mediated by coronavirus nonstructural proteins 3 and 4 Cubic membranes: a legend beyond the Flatland* of cell membrane organization Assessing activity and inhibition of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus papain-like and 3C-like proteases using luciferase-based biosensors Remodeling the endoplasmic reticulum by poliovirus infection and by individual viral proteins: an autophagy-like origin for virus-induced vesicles A positive-strand RNA virus replication complex parallels form and function of retrovirus capsids 2012. When MERS-CoV nsp3 and nsp4 were expressed in the same cell, either by cotransfection or by expression of the self-cleaving nsp3-4 polyprotein, a remarkably different set of membrane structures was observed ( Fig. 2E and F) .
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; cov; dmv; dmvs; expression; fig; formation; membrane; mers; nsp3; nsp4; polyprotein; sars; structures
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        item: #3917 of 5187
          id: cord-330324-4hqhty5o
      author: Yu, Meng
       title: Determination and application of immunodominant regions of SARS coronavirus spike and nucleocapsid proteins recognized by sera from different animal species
        date: 2008-02-29
       words: 5807
      flesch: 41
     summary: Development and characterisation of neutralising monoclonal antibody to the SARS-coronavirus A novel cell-based binding assay system reconstituting interaction between SARS-CoV S protein and its cellular receptor Production and application of recombinant antibodies to foot-andmouth disease virus non-structural protein 3ABC Isolation and characterization of viruses related to the SARS coronavirus from animals in Southern China Characterization of monoclonal antibody against SARS coronavirus nucleocapsid antigen and development of an antigen capture ELISA Identification of immunodominant sites on the spike protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus: implication for developing SARS diagnostics and vaccines Adaptation of SARS coronavirus to humans Development and evaluation of an efficient 3'-noncoding region based SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) RT-PCR assay for detection of SARS-CoV infection Molecular evolution analysis and geographic investigation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-like virus in palm civets at an animal market and on farms Coronaviridae Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-like virus in Chinese horseshoe bats Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus Animal origins of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus: insight from ACE2-S-protein interactions Bats are natural reservoirs of SARS-like coronaviruses Laboratory diagnosis of four recent sporadic cases of community-acquired SARS Synthetic peptides derived from SARS coronavirus S protein with diagnostic and therapeutic potential Evaluation of a safe and sensitive Spike protein-based immunofluorescence assay for the detection of antibody responses to SARS-CoV Severe acute respiratory syndrome Identification of a novel coronavirus in bats Diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) by detection of SARS coronavirus nucleocapside antibodies in an antigen-capturing enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Domestic poultry and SARS coronavirus, southern China Molecular cloning and characterization of pig, cow and sheep MAdCAM-1 cDNA and the demonstration of cross-reactive epitopes amongst mammalian homologues Prevalence and genetic diversity of coronaviruses in bats from A versatile plasmid expression vector for the production of biotinylated proteins by site-specific, enzymatic modification in Escherichia coli BTag: a novel sixresidue epitope tag for surveillance and purification of recombinant proteins SARS-CoV infection in a restaurant from palm civet Assays for the assessment of neutralizing antibody activities against severe acute respiratory (SARS) associated coronavirus (SCV) Susceptibility of pigs and chickens to SARS coronavirus A 193-amino acid fragment of the SARS coronavirus S protein efficiently binds angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 Molecular diversity of coronaviruses in bats Epidemiologic clues to SARS origin in China Identification of dominant epitopes of synthetic immunocontraceptive that induce antibodies in dogs Characterization of epitopes for neutralizing monoclonal antibodies to classical swine fever virus E2 and E rns using phage-displayed random peptide library The authors would like to thank D. Middleton, J. Bingham, K. Halpin, and R. Fogarty for help with animal infection experiments; M. Tachidjian and S. Wilson for assistance in production of chicken antibodies; K. Selleck, and J. Brangwyn for technical support; D. Magoffin and K. Halpin for critical reading of the manuscript; and T. Pye and E. Hansson for DNA sequencing service. For the S protein, the location of S3 (aa 402-622) is consistent with previous studies conducted with SARS patient sera, which revealed that the immunodominant regions are located in the following regions of the S protein, aa 528-635 , 540-559 and 441-700 .
    keywords: animal; antibodies; antibody; cov; different; proteins; sars; sera; species; virus
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        item: #3918 of 5187
          id: cord-330337-d41imvo7
      author: Basu, Souradip
       title: Impact of clade specific mutations on structural fidelity of SARS-CoV-2 proteins
        date: 2020-10-20
       words: 6430
      flesch: 42
     summary: Our final scoring revealed that ORF8 protein mutation L84S was the most disruptive of the mutations under study. In our analyses we have been able to clearly show that mutations caused significant changes in protein structures where highest RMSD value was observed for S protein (5.67), while maximum number of mismatches were observed in case of N protein (24 out of 419).
    keywords: analysis; binding; cell; cov-2; epitopes; et al; mutant; mutations; protein; sars; score; structures; type
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        item: #3919 of 5187
          id: cord-330338-i6ozygkp
      author: Babacic, H.
       title: Global between-countries variance in SARS-CoV-2 mortality is driven by reported prevalence, age distribution, and case detection rate
        date: 2020-06-02
       words: 3605
      flesch: 52
     summary: Hypothesis 2 implies that older countries will have higher CFR and countries with higher CDR will have lower CFR, and predicts that the -# will not drive CFR. Overall, this study demonstrates that most countries are on a similar SARS-CoV-2 mortality trajectory as the number of cases increases, after adjusting for age distribution and CDR.
    keywords: cfr; countries; cov-2; model; ndpm; sars
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        item: #3920 of 5187
          id: cord-330369-75cotmn2
      author: López, Verónica
       title: Recommendations on management of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus pandemic (Covid-19) in kidney transplant patients
        date: 2020-04-06
       words: 3483
      flesch: 42
     summary: The Spanish Nephrology Society (www.senefro.org) and the Spanish Transplant Society (www.setrasplante.org) are conveying the recommendations of measures for prevention and contingency against COVID-19 in kidney patients, including kidney transplant patients. Most of the transplant centers in Spain already have cases of kidney transplant patients affected by COVID-19 that have not been published.
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; dose; infection; kidney; patients; population; transplant
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        item: #3921 of 5187
          id: cord-330384-yujbcwg5
      author: Al-Mulla, Fahd
       title: A comprehensive germline variant and expression analyses of ACE2, TMPRSS2 and SARS-CoV-2 activator FURIN genes from the Middle East: Combating SARS-CoV-2 with precision medicine
        date: 2020-05-16
       words: 4695
      flesch: 43
     summary: Finally, our data illustrate a significant correlation between ACE2 variants identified in people from Middle Eastern origins that can be further explored to explain the variation in COVID-19 infection and mortality rates globally. Notably, in our data, Kuwaiti individuals carrying ACE2 missense variants were all males.
    keywords: ace2; cov-2; furin; gene; populations; protein; receptor; sars; table; tmprss2; variants
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        item: #3922 of 5187
          id: cord-330387-7lci44w5
      author: Bird, Paul
       title: High SARS-CoV-2 infection rates in respiratory staff nurses and correlation of COVID-19 symptom patterns with PCR positivity and relative viral loads
        date: 2020-06-18
       words: 1294
      flesch: 44
     summary: key: cord-330387-7lci44w5 authors: Bird, Paul; Badhwar, Vinay; Fallon, Karlie; Kwok, Kin On; Tang, Julian W title: High SARS-CoV-2 infection rates in respiratory staff nurses and correlation of COVID-19 symptom patterns with PCR positivity and relative viral loads date: 2020-06-18 journal: J Infect DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.06.035 sha: doc_id: 330387 cord_uid: 7lci44w5 nan We read with interest the study in the Journal by Chen and colleagues from Nanjing, China that demonstrated a high positivity rate (17%) in healthcare workers (HCWs), 1 but did not attempt to breakdown which type of HCWs working in which specialties had the highest infection rates. A retrospective study in a single center in Wuhan Stay at Home guidance for households: current guidelines illustrated Recommended PPE for healthcare workers by secondary care inpatient clinical setting, NHS and independent sector Clinical evaluation of AusDiagnostics SARS-CoV-2 multiplex tandem PCR assay Is Ethnicity Linked to Incidence or Outcomes of covid-19? SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load in Upper Respiratory Specimens of Infected Patients Quantitative Detection and Viral Load Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 in Infected Patients Figure 1 A, B, C components:
    keywords: covid-19; hcws; pcr; sars
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        item: #3923 of 5187
          id: cord-330433-y5dvlcda
      author: Olivieri, Emily R.
       title: Analysis of SARS-CoV Receptor Activity of ACE2 Orthologs
        date: 2006
       words: 1737
      flesch: 52
     summary: Sequence analysis demonstrated that dog ACE2 had 87% nucleotide identity and 81% amino acid identity with hACE2, and chicken ACE2 has 79% nucleotide identity and 62% amino acid identity with hACE2. This data suggests that dog ACE2 and chicken ACE2 may have amino acid or other differences, which inhibit their function as SARS-CoV receptors.
    keywords: ace2; amino; cov; dog; sars
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        item: #3924 of 5187
          id: cord-330465-16j5vm7h
      author: Marciniec, Krzysztof
       title: Phosphate Derivatives of 3-Carboxyacylbetulin: SynThesis, In Vitro Anti-HIV and Molecular Docking Study
        date: 2020-08-05
       words: 6962
      flesch: 44
     summary: Pentacyclic triterpenes and their semi-synthetic derivatives are a large group of compounds known to demonstrate biological activity, including antitumor, antiviral, antimalarial, Melting points of obtained compounds were measured in open capillary tubes on an Electrothermal melting point apparatus without correction. The experiments were carried out in media containing tested compounds in concentrations of the appropriate range.
    keywords: acid; activity; betulin; bvm; compounds; cov-2; derivatives; docking; figure; hiv; phosphate; protein; results; sars; table
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        item: #3925 of 5187
          id: cord-330473-f03ka7bd
      author: Yuan, Meng
       title: A highly conserved cryptic epitope in the receptor-binding domains of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV
        date: 2020-03-14
       words: 1573
      flesch: 52
     summary: A recent study has shown that CR3022, which is a human 49 neutralizing antibody that targets the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV (4), can bind to the RBD of SARS-CoV-2 (5). In this study, we have determined the crystal structure of the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein in complex with CR3022, a neutralizing antibody previously isolated from a convalescent SARS patient.
    keywords: binding; cr3022; rbd; sars
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        item: #3926 of 5187
          id: cord-330478-g9n2mfni
      author: Hattenbach, Lars-Olof
       title: Krisenstrategien der Kliniken während der Pandemie
        date: 2020-07-01
       words: 1551
      flesch: 28
     summary: Im Zuge der Umstellung der Kliniken auf die zu erwartende Versorgung von COVID-19-Patienten mit Bereitstellung möglichst großer Intensivbettenkapazitäten und Beatmungsplätzen ist es dabei v. a. zu erheblichen Die Erkenntnisse dieser Umfrage sollen dazu beitragen, die Bedeutung der Aufrechterhaltung der Patientenversorgung in unserem Fach hervorzuheben und auf zukünftige Herausforderungen besser vorbereitet zu sein. Interessenkonflikt.
    keywords: care; cov-2; covid-19; den; der; die; eine; mit; pandemic; patienten; sars; und; von
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        item: #3927 of 5187
          id: cord-330536-q8zr0mkl
      author: Lopinto, Julien
       title: Severe hemoptysis in post-tuberculosis bronchiectasis precipitated by SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-09-14
       words: 1242
      flesch: 39
     summary: key: cord-330536-q8zr0mkl authors: Lopinto, Julien; Teulier, Marion; Milon, Audrey; Voiriot, Guillaume; Fartoukh, Muriel title: Severe hemoptysis in post-tuberculosis bronchiectasis precipitated by SARS-CoV-2 infection date: 2020-09-14 journal: BMC Pulm Med DOI: 10.1186/s12890-020-01285-6 sha: doc_id: 330536 cord_uid: q8zr0mkl BACKGROUND: Since the beginning of SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in China, severe acute respiratory syndrome has been widely descripted. We report here a case of severe hemoptysis in post-tuberculosis bronchiectasis precipitated by SARS-CoV-2 infection and managed in a referral center.
    keywords: cov-2; hemoptysis; sars
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        item: #3928 of 5187
          id: cord-330583-ltkpt80u
      author: Lee, Kyu-Myoung
       title: Factors Influencing the Response to Infectious Diseases: Focusing on the Case of SARS and MERS in South Korea
        date: 2019-04-22
       words: 9205
      flesch: 31
     summary: As the results conducted meta-analyses to comprehensively analyze the correlations of factors influencing disaster response from a Korean context, the findings show that the legislative factor had direct and indirect influence on the overall process of infectious disease response and that Leadership of the central government, establishment of an intergovernmental response system, the need for communication, information sharing and disclosure and onsite response were identified as key factors influencing effective infectious disease response. Education and training was analyzed as a factor influencing infectious disease response, while the interview results revealed that education and training not only had a direct influence on response but also had an impact on the relationship between the people in charge of disaster response.
    keywords: analysis; disaster response; disease; factors; information; korea; management; mers; meta; sars; studies; study; system
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        item: #3929 of 5187
          id: cord-330597-nftwj0d5
      author: Hopfer, Helmut
       title: Hunting coronavirus by transmission electron microscopy – a guide to SARS‐CoV‐2‐associated ultrastructural pathology in COVID‐19 tissues
        date: 2020-09-27
       words: 4639
      flesch: 41
     summary: All rights reserved SARS-CoV-2 Virus Culture and Subgenomic RNA for Respiratory Specimens from Patients with Mild Coronavirus Disease Clinical and virologic characteristics of the first 12 patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the United States Culture-Based Virus Isolation To Evaluate Potential Infectivity of Clinical Specimens Tested for COVID-19 Detection and Isolation of SARS-CoV-2 in Serum, Urine, and Stool Specimens of COVID-19 Patients from the Republic of Korea Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in conjunctival secretions from patients without ocular symptoms Molecular Biology Coronaviruses post-SARS: update on replication and pathogenesis An Overview of Their Replication and Pathogenesis A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China Proliferative growth of SARS coronavirus in How COVID-19 spreads Aerosol and Surface Stability of SARS-CoV-2 as Compared with SARS-CoV-1 Reducing transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Community-Acquired Respiratory Viruses in Transplant Patients: Diversity, Impact, Unmet Clinical Needs SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor Characterization of spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 on virus entry and its immune cross-reactivity with SARS-CoV SARS-CoV-2 entry factors are highly expressed in nasal epithelial cells together with innate immune genes Accepted Article
    keywords: article; copyright; coronavirus; covid-19; electron; infection; membrane; patients; replication; sars
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        item: #3930 of 5187
          id: cord-330607-zn4urrxc
      author: Chi, Qiong
       title: Differential diagnosis for suspected cases of coronavirus disease 2019: a retrospective study
        date: 2020-09-18
       words: 3248
      flesch: 44
     summary: Multiplex PCR nucleic acid testing helped differential diagnosis for suspected COVID-19 cases. We retrospectively collected the clinical data, including demographics, clinical manifestations, laboratory and radiological findings and contact history of suspected COVID-19 cases in isolation ward (single rooms) of Wenzhou Central Hospital from January 19, 2020 to February 20, 2020.
    keywords: cases; covid-19; group; nucleic; patients; sars; testing
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        item: #3931 of 5187
          id: cord-330626-0aidit63
      author: Sepulveda, Jorge
       title: Bacteremia and Blood Culture Utilization during COVID-19 Surge in New York City
        date: 2020-07-23
       words: 2700
      flesch: 38
     summary: We sought to evaluate the utilization and diagnostic yield of blood cultures during the COVID-19 pandemic to determine prevalence and common etiologies of bacteremia and to inform a diagnostic approach to relieve blood culture overutilization. Bloodstream infections are very rare for COVID-19 patients, which supports the judicious use of blood cultures in the absence of compelling evidence for bacterial coinfection.
    keywords: bacteremia; blood; covid-19; cultures; days; patients; sars
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        item: #3932 of 5187
          id: cord-330690-cupy89gl
      author: Vierucci, Francesco
       title: How COVID-19 Pandemic Changed Children and Adolescents Use of the Emergency Department: the Experience of a Secondary Care Pediatric Unit in Central Italy
        date: 2020-09-23
       words: 4334
      flesch: 36
     summary: We also evaluated the number of pediatric ED visits performed monthly from January 1st to May 31st, 2020, for selected infectious and non-infectious diseases. Monthly comparison of pediatric ED visits performed from January to May 2020 confirmed a significant reduction in daily consultations after February, with a considerable percentage of days with ≤ 3 visits/day (Table 1) .
    keywords: children; covid-19; lockdown; march; pediatric; sars; visits
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        item: #3933 of 5187
          id: cord-330692-rqwkkfp0
      author: He, Daihai
       title: Comparing COVID-19 and the 1918–19 influenza pandemics in United Kingdom
        date: 2020-06-26
       words: 728
      flesch: 46
     summary: In particular, COVID-19 may have a similar latent period as that of influenza;  Years of Life lost due to pneumonia and influenza between 1911 and 1921 in London, UK SARS-CoV-2 viral load in upper respiratory specimens of infected patients Virological assessment of hospitalized patients with COVID-2019 Superspreading and the effect of individual variation on disease emergence Influenza transmission in households during the 1918 pandemic Clustering and superspreading potential of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections in Hong Kong Mechanistic modelling of the three waves of the 1918 influenza pandemic Prioritization of influenza pandemic vaccination to minimize years of life lost Assessment of Deaths From COVID-19 and From Seasonal Influenza Reconstruction of Transmission Pairs for novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in mainland China: Estimation of Super-spreading Events, Serial Interval, and Hazard of Infection The effect of public health measures on the 1918 influenza pandemic in US cities Inferring the causes of the three waves of the 1918 influenza pandemic in England and Wales Acknowledgements DH thanks Jonathan Dushoff, Lewi Stone and David Earn for insightful discussion.
    keywords: covid-19; influenza; pandemic
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        item: #3934 of 5187
          id: cord-330701-k68b0wqe
      author: Gerc, Vjekoslav
       title: Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) in COVID-19 Pandemic Era
        date: 2020-06-17
       words: 5524
      flesch: 45
     summary: Patients with CVDs must be observed by health professionals (specialists of cardiology, family practitioners, epidemiologists, etc) with special preventive measures regarding COVID-19 infection (1). A Review Effective treatment of severe COVID-19 patients with tocilizumab TH17 responses in cytokine storm of CO-VID-19: an emerging target of JAK2 inhibitor fedratinib COVID-19: consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression Flooded by the torrent: the COVID-19 drug pipeline Remdesivir in adults with severe COVID-19: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial ESC Guidance for the Diagnosis and Management of CV Disease during the COVID-19 Pandemic Sleep and Motion Disorders of Physicians and Nurses Working in Hospitals Facing the Pandemic of COVID-19 Pharmacologist's view of the new corona virus
    keywords: cells; covid-19; disease; heart; hypertension; infection; patients; sars; storm; system; virus
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        item: #3935 of 5187
          id: cord-330715-olypwdoq
      author: Sun, Zeyu
       title: Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Newly Emerging Coronavirus HCoV-19 Spike Protein and Human ACE2 Reveals Camouflaging Glycans and Unique Post-Translational Modifications
        date: 2020-08-30
       words: 5580
      flesch: 45
     summary: HCoV-19 S protein was expressed in Sf9 insect cells using the Bac-to-Bac system (Life Technologies Inc.) and harvested from the cell culture medium; this was followed by a purification procedure using a Ni-NTA column and Superdex 200 gel filtration column (GE Healthcare, UK) in tandem. Using an occupancy greater than 50% as a criterion to identify sites dominantly decorated with PTMs, we found that 78R, 224E, 654E, and 661E in HCoV-19 S protein and 57E, 68K, and 329E in hACE2 were highly methylated.
    keywords: binding; coronavirus; fig; glycan; glycosylation; hace2; hcov-19; mass; protein; sars; sites; spike
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        item: #3936 of 5187
          id: cord-330717-uzrxtgrg
      author: Gupta, Madhu
       title: The need for COVID-19 research in low- and middle-income countries
        date: 2020-07-01
       words: 1847
      flesch: 36
     summary: key: cord-330717-uzrxtgrg authors: Gupta, Madhu; Wahl, Brian; Adhikari, Binita; Bar-Zeev, Naor; Bhandari, Sudip; Coria, Alexandra; Erchick, Daniel J.; Gupta, Nidhi; Hariyani, Shreya; Kagucia, E. Wangeci; Killewo, Japhet; Limaye, Rupali Jayant; McCollum, Eric D.; Pandey, Raghukul; Pomat, William S.; Rao, Krishna D.; Santosham, Mathuram; Sauer, Molly; Wanyenze, Rhoda K.; Peters, David H. title: The need for COVID-19 research in low- and middle-income countries date: 2020-07-01 journal: Glob Health Res Policy DOI: 10.1186/s41256-020-00159-y sha: doc_id: 330717 cord_uid: uzrxtgrg In the early months of the pandemic, most reported cases and deaths due to COVID-19 occurred in high-income countries. Some bilateral, multilateral, and private funders have already committed to supporting COVID-19 research in LMICs [10] .
    keywords: countries; covid-19; health; lmics; research
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        item: #3937 of 5187
          id: cord-330743-o11d0aa1
      author: Yu, Xi
       title: Broad-spectrum virucidal activity of bacterial secreted lipases against flaviviruses, SARS-CoV-2 and other enveloped viruses
        date: 2020-05-25
       words: 4488
      flesch: 47
     summary: Incubation of the culture supernatant but not the bacterial lysates resulted in significant suppression of DENV ( Figure 1B ) and ZIKV ( Figure 1C ) infectivity in Vero cells, indicating that an extracellular effector(s) secreted by Csp_BJ was responsible for viral inhibition. Either the upper retentate (proteins and large peptides) or the lower liquid filtrate (small molecule compounds and short peptides) was mixed with the viruses for incubation in Vero cells ( Figure 1D ).
    keywords: activity; cbae-1; cbaes; cells; denv; figure; infection; viral; virus; zikv
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        item: #3938 of 5187
          id: cord-330779-mso2zfom
      author: Sunkari, Emmanuel Daanoba
       title: Sources and routes of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in water systems in Africa: Are there any sustainable remedies?
        date: 2020-09-09
       words: 4164
      flesch: 39
     summary: key: cord-330779-mso2zfom authors: Sunkari, Emmanuel Daanoba; Korboe, Harriet Mateko; Abu, Mahamuda; Kizildeniz, Tefide title: Sources and routes of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in water systems in Africa: Are there any sustainable remedies? date: 2020-09-09 journal: Sci Total Environ DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142298 sha: doc_id: 330779 cord_uid: mso2zfom Governments across the globe are currently besieged with the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, this study unearthed the likely sources and routes of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in water systems (mainly wastewater) in Africa through a holistic review of published works.
    keywords: africa; covid-19; et al; sars; sources; systems; virus; wastewater; water
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        item: #3939 of 5187
          id: cord-330800-s91zfzfi
      author: Reta, Daniel Hussien
       title: Molecular and Immunological Diagnostic Techniques of Medical Viruses
        date: 2020-09-04
       words: 10553
      flesch: 40
     summary: A H1N1 Virus 2009 by reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification with hydroxynaphthol blue dye An updated loop-mediated isothermal amplification method for rapid diagnosis of H5N1 avian influenza viruses Loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for rapid detection of hepatitis C virus Detection of acute HIV-1 infection by RT-LAMP Detection of Zika virus using reverse-transcription LAMP coupled with reverse dot blot analysis in saliva Infectious diseases detection by microarray: an overview of clinical relevant infections Utility of DNA microarrays for detection of viruses in acute respiratory tract infections in children Detection of herpesvirus and adenovirus co-infections with diagnostic DNA-microarrays DNA microarrays for virus detection in cases of central nervous system infection DNA microarray for detection of gastrointestinal viruses DNA microarray platform for detection and surveillance of viruses transmitted by small mammals and arthropods DNA probe array for the simultaneous identification of herpesviruses, enteroviruses, and flaviviruses Characterization of real-time microarrays for simultaneous detection of HIV-1, HIV-2, and hepatitis viruses A DNA microarray-based assay to detect dual infection with two dengue virus serotypes An efficient microarray-based genotyping platform for the identification of drug-resistance mutations in majority and minority subpopulations of HIV-1 Quasispecies Development of a simple microarray for genotyping HIV-1 drug resistance mutations in the reverse transcriptase gene in rural Tanzania Microarray-based genotyping and detection of drug-resistant HBV mutations from 620 Chinese patients with chronic HBV infection Development of a single nucleotide polymorphism DNA microarray for the detection and genotyping of the SARS coronavirus Diagnostic microarray for influenza B viruses Viral discovery and sequence recovery using DNA microarrays Metagenomics and the molecular identification of novel viruses DNA microarrays: types, applications and their future Next-generation sequencing for infectious disease diagnosis and management Current approaches for diagnosis of influenza virus infections in humans Application of next generation sequencing in clinical microbiology and infection prevention Assessing the performance of the Oxford nanopore technologies MinION Nanopore sequencing and assembly of a human genome with ultra-long reads Rapid and accurate sequencing of enterovirus genomes using MinION nanopore sequencer Whole genome sequencing of influenza A and B viruses with the MinION sequencer in the clinical setting: a pilot study Multiplex PCR method for MinION and Illumina sequencing of Zika and other virus genomes directly from clinical samples A method to identify respiratory virus infections in clinical samples using nextgeneration sequencing Evolutionary dynamics of local pandemic H1N1/2009 influenza virus lineages revealed by whole-genome analysis First evaluation of the Next-Generation Sequencing platform for the detection of HIV-1 drug resistance mutations in Belgium Newly discovered Ebola virus associated with hemorrhagic fever outbreak in Uganda Next-generation sequencing and bioinformatic approaches to detect and analyze influenza virus in ferrets Metagenomic nextgeneration sequencing aids the diagnosis of viral infections in febrile returning travellers Nucleoprotein-based indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (indirect ELISA) for detecting antibodies specific to Ebola virus and Marbug virus Evaluation of antibody testing for SARS-CoV-2 using ELISA and lateral flow immunoassays Evaluation of ELISA tests for the qualitative determination of IgG, IgM and IgA to SARS-CoV-2 Development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for rapid detection of dengue virus (DENV) NS1 and differentiation of DENV serotypes during early infection Transmission of Herpes simplex virus type 2 among factory workers in Ethiopia Detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus nucleocapsid protein in SARS patients by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Detection of hepatitis A, B, and C virus-specific antibodies using oral fluid for epidemiological studies Newly established monoclonal antibodies for immunological detection of H5N1 influenza virus High specificity of a novel Zika virus ELISA in European patients after exposure to different flaviviruses Laboratory diagnostics for HIV infection Development of a Western blot assay for detection of antibodies against coronavirus causing severe acute respiratory syndrome Western blot detection of human anti-Chikungunya virus antibody with recombinant envelope 2 protein Western blot-based logistic regression model for the identification of recent HIV-1 infection: a promising HIV-1 surveillance approach for resource-limited regions Early detection of anti-HCc antibody in acute hepatitis C virus (HCV) by western blot (immunoblot) using a recombinant HCV core protein fragment Detection of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) antibody by western blotting and HIV-1 DNA by PCR in patients with AIDS Western blot profile in HIV infection Accuracy of rapid influenza diagnostic test and immunofluorescence assay compared to real time RT-PCR in children with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 infection Immunofluorescence assay for serologic diagnosis of SARS Detection of herpes simplex virus in direct specimens by immunofluorescence assay using a monoclonal antibody Comparative evaluation of a simple indirect immunofluorescence test and mouse neutralization test for assaying rabies antibodies Molecular diagnostic techniques provide rapid viral detection in patient sample.
    keywords: amplification; assay; detection; diagnosis; dna; elisa; human; infection; influenza; pcr; reaction; rna; samples; sars; sensitivity; specificity; time; virus; viruses
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        item: #3940 of 5187
          id: cord-330807-abi8pra7
      author: Garcia-Pachon, Eduardo
       title: Asthma prevalence in patients with SARS-CoV-2 virus infection detected by RT-PCR not requiring hospitalization
        date: 2020-07-04
       words: 1474
      flesch: 46
     summary: In our experience, asthma prevalence in patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection is very low, similar to that described in COVID-19 patients in China or Italy and much lower than in the UK or USA. In New York, 9% of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 had asthma [9] , and in the UK 14% were asthmatic patients [10] .
    keywords: asthma; patients; sars
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        item: #3941 of 5187
          id: cord-330814-7incf20e
      author: Parikh, Priyanka A
       title: COVID-19 Pandemic: Knowledge and Perceptions of the Public and Healthcare Professionals
        date: 2020-05-15
       words: 3805
      flesch: 45
     summary: Almost 98% of healthcare professionals and 97% of the general public, respectively, identified ‘Difficulty in breathing” as the main symptom. A minority of the respondents (28.9% of healthcare professionals and 26.5% of the general public) knew that there was no known cure yet.
    keywords: cov-2; healthcare; healthcare professionals; india; information; professionals; public; sars
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        item: #3942 of 5187
          id: cord-330827-gu2mt6zp
      author: Shanmugaraj, Balamurugan
       title: Emergence of Novel Coronavirus 2019-nCoV: Need for Rapid Vaccine and Biologics Development
        date: 2020-02-22
       words: 3748
      flesch: 32
     summary: [60] [61] , the monoclonal antibodies that are identified and tested to be effective against SARS virus protein or specific to ACE2 can be produced in plants and shall be tested for its efficacy against nCoV. Earlier reports showed several vaccines and monoclonal antibody candidates in response to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, which could be tested and used for passive immunotherapy for an immediate immune response [62] [63] Currently, plant expression system offers many advantages over other conventional systems that have the potential to tackle the production of vaccine candidates rapidly at affordable cost facilitating the global vaccination programs, especially in resource-poor nations where the vaccines are needed most [15] .
    keywords: cases; china; coronavirus; expression; human; infection; ncov; plant; production; virus
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        item: #3943 of 5187
          id: cord-330849-yt44k88m
      author: Han, Rachel H.
       title: Planning for Mental Health Needs During COVID-19
        date: 2020-10-08
       words: 5527
      flesch: 35
     summary: Herein, we review data on mental health sequelae from the twenty-first century pandemics, including SARS-CoV2 (COVID-19), and offer explanations for observed trends, insights regarding anticipated needs, and recommendations for preliminary planning on how to best allocate limited mental health resources. Historically, pandemics have had significant ramifications for psychological stress and mental health.
    keywords: anxiety; covid-19; data; depression; distress; health; impact; mental; outbreak; pandemics; review; stress; symptoms
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        item: #3944 of 5187
          id: cord-330868-7ocseuz3
      author: Donnelly, Christl A
       title: Epidemiological determinants of spread of causal agent of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong
        date: 2003-05-24
       words: 3814
      flesch: 44
     summary: If F() and G() are the cumulative distribution functions of the admission-to-death and admission-todischarge distributions, respectively, and F is the case fatality rate-ie, the proportion of SARS patients who will die of the disease-the following likelihood structure is assumed: if a patient died t days after admission, the likelihood is F ϫ[F(t+1)-F(t)]; if a patient was discharged t days after admission, the likelihood is ; and if a patient remained in hospital t days after admission, the likelihood is . However, given the high need for intensive care of patients, the case fatality rate, and public alarm worldwide, use of stringent measures to limit the effective infectious period of probable SARS cases would seem prudent.
    keywords: admission; cases; health; hospital; onset; patients; sars; symptoms
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        item: #3945 of 5187
          id: cord-330873-hwbdreul
      author: Yang, Wan
       title: The potential exposure and transmission risk of SARS-CoV-2 through sludge treatment and disposal
        date: 2020-07-07
       words: 811
      flesch: 35
     summary: In many procedures of sludge treatment (e.g., biological treatment, sludge dewatering and mechanical agitation), shearing the liquid surface leads to the release of the pathogenic and toxic matrix from sludge into the air in the form of airborne particulate matter. While limited evidence was found that sludge would play an essential role in SARS-CoV-2 transmission, there is still a need to understand the fate of coronaviruses outside the human host, including their persistence and inactivation mechanisms in 5 sludge, which would help to reveal their potential risks during sludge treatment and disposal.
    keywords: cov-2; sars; sludge
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        item: #3946 of 5187
          id: cord-330887-q5i8lpan
      author: Li, K.
       title: The Dynamic Changes of Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 during the Infection and Recovery of COVID-19
        date: 2020-05-21
       words: 4027
      flesch: 49
     summary: To illustrate the relationship between SARS-COV-2 virus load and antibody levels, we analyzed the test results of patients who tested both virus load and antibody level on the same day and compared the S-, RBD-, and N-specific antibody levels between virus-positive and virus-negative status. Importantly, the patients who got discharged with low levels of protective antibody are found to be at high risk of re-infection, indicating the prognostic role of antibody level for discharged COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: antibody; covid-19; igg; levels; patients; preprint
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        item: #3947 of 5187
          id: cord-330908-402eb8wg
      author: Tsuji, Motonori
       title: Potential anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 drug candidates identified through virtual screening of the ChEMBL database for compounds that target the main coronavirus protease
        date: 2020-05-29
       words: 2623
      flesch: 44
     summary: In this study, I performed stepwise structure-based virtual screenings using two different docking simulations in order to discover potential drugs that target M pro using the ChEMBL database [4] , which mainly lists drugs and known bioactive compounds. The Authors Analysis of therapeutic targets for SARS-CoV-2 and discovery of potential drugs by computational methods Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 main protease from a library of marine natural products: a virtual screening and molecular modeling study.
    keywords: compounds; cov-2; docking; drugs; sars; structure
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        item: #3948 of 5187
          id: cord-330944-54xmnum8
      author: Hsu, You-Ren
       title: Investigation of C-terminal domain of SARS nucleocapsid protein–Duplex DNA interaction using transistors and binding-site models
        date: 2014-03-31
       words: 3931
      flesch: 52
     summary: key: cord-330944-54xmnum8 authors: Hsu, You-Ren; Kang, Yen-Wen; Fang, Jung-Ying; Lee, Geng-Yen; Chyi, Jen-Inn; Chang, Chung-ke; Huang, Chih-Cheng; Hsu, Chen-Pin; Huang, Tai-huang; Huang, Yu-Fen; Sun, Yuh-Chang; Hsu, Chia-Hsien; Chen, Chih-Chen; Li, Sheng-Shian; Yeh, J. Andrew; Yao, Da-Jeng; Ren, Fan; Wang, Yu-Lin title: Investigation of C-terminal domain of SARS nucleocapsid protein–Duplex DNA interaction using transistors and binding-site models date: 2014-03-31 journal: Sens Actuators B Chem DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2013.11.087 sha: doc_id: 330944 cord_uid: 54xmnum8 AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) were used to sense the binding between double stranded DNA (dsDNA) and the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) nucleocapsid protein (N protein). Real-time current monitoring spanned the range of protein concentrations from 0.003 nM to 3000 nM, and showed saturation as the concentration of N protein larger than 300 nM. The current drop for different protein concentration was due to the binding between the protein and the dsDNA on the gate region of the transistor, resulting in the change of the surface potential on the gate region, leading to the drain current drop.
    keywords: binding; concentration; dissociation; ligand; model; protein; sars; site; surface
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        item: #3949 of 5187
          id: cord-330994-6nu7utu1
      author: Abdelrheem, Doaa A.
       title: The inhibitory effect of some natural bioactive compounds against SARS-CoV-2 main protease: insights from molecular docking analysis and molecular dynamic simulation
        date: 2020-10-01
       words: 5323
      flesch: 39
     summary: TPSA of studied compounds was noticed in the range of 25.87-153.50 Å and is well below the limit of 160 Å. It can be predicted that all studied bioactive compounds obeyed Lipinski's rule of five and are likely to be orally active except compounds 5 and 9 as shown in Table 6 . Rat Acute Toxicity LD50 of all studied compounds was found between 1.95 and 2.75 mol/kg.
    keywords: 6lu7; caulerpin; complex; compounds; cov-2; covid-19; docking; molecular; protease; protein; sars; simulation; study
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        item: #3950 of 5187
          id: cord-331002-7uojryqz
      author: Valent, Francesca
       title: Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in nasopharynx according to clinical phenotype of affected patients
        date: 2020-09-06
       words: 785
      flesch: 50
     summary: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) situation report: 28 Laboratory testing for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in suspected 209 human cases Clinical Course of Patients Infected With SARS-CoV-2 in Singapore Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of 215 adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load in Upper 218 Respiratory Specimens of Infected Patients Early risk factors for the duration of 220 SARS-CoV-2 viral positivity in COVID-19 patients The early phase of the 223 COVID-19 outbreak in Viral 226 Shedding and Antibody Response in 37 Patients With Middle East Respiratory Syndrome 227 Viral Load Kinetics of MERS 229 Duration for carrying SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 231 patients Difference Is Associated With Severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019 After adjusting for sex and age, at any 129 time point, ICU patients were less likely to return to negativity than the other patients.
    keywords: negativity; patients; sars
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        item: #3951 of 5187
          id: cord-331010-4phhz79k
      author: Knight, M.
       title: Characteristics and outcomes of pregnant women hospitalised with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in the UK: a national cohort study using the UK Obstetric Surveillance System (UKOSS)
        date: 2020-05-12
       words: 4585
      flesch: 44
     summary: key: cord-331010-4phhz79k authors: Knight, M.; Bunch, K.; Vousden, N.; Morris, E.; Simpson, N.; Gale, C.; O'Brien, P.; Quigley, M.; Brocklehurst, P.; Kurinczuk, J. J. title: Characteristics and outcomes of pregnant women hospitalised with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in the UK: a national cohort study using the UK Obstetric Surveillance System (UKOSS) date: 2020-05-12 journal: nan DOI: 10.1101/2020.05.08.20089268 sha: doc_id: 331010 cord_uid: 4phhz79k Objective: To describe a national cohort of pregnant women hospitalised with SARS-CoV-2 infection in the UK, identify factors associated with infection and describe outcomes, including transmission of infection, for mother and infant.
    keywords: cov-2; infection; license; medrxiv; pregnancy; preprint; sars; women
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        item: #3952 of 5187
          id: cord-331022-tek4u751
      author: Sinderewicz, Emilia
       title: Immune Response to COVID-19: Can We Benefit from the SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV Pandemic Experience?
        date: 2020-09-09
       words: 8489
      flesch: 40
     summary: A comparison of the content of proinflammatory Th1 and Th2 cytokines in the serum of SARS patients with healthy controls documented a significantly greater concentration of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-12 in the early stage of the SARS-CoV infection [32, 40] . It has been documented that increased IL-6 concentration in plasma of SARS patients was significantly increased in severe cases, but not in convalescent or control subjects, suggesting a positive correlation between serum IL-6 level and disease severity [61] .
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; covid-19; immune; infection; mers; patients; protein; response; sars; syndrome
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        item: #3953 of 5187
          id: cord-331039-qgom2e3n
      author: Kavitha, Kuppuswamy
       title: 1,2,4 triazolo[1,5-a] pyrimidin-7-ones as novel SARS-CoV-2 Main protease inhibitors: In silico screening and molecular dynamics simulation of potential COVID-19 drug candidates
        date: 2020-09-22
       words: 4977
      flesch: 48
     summary: Furthermore, the time-dependent RMSD values of atoms in the unliganded SARS-CoV-2-M pro , SARS-CoV-2-M pro -Lead1 complex, SARS-CoV-2-M pro -Lead2 complex, SARS-CoV-2-M pro -Lead3 complex, SARS-CoV-2 M pro -Lopinavir and SARS-CoV-2 M pro -Nelfinavir complexes were plotted (Fig-4A) . This study screened 1000 proteaseinhibitor-like molecules against SARS-CoV-2-M pro and proposes lead compounds viz., Lead1 -2-amino-5-{[(5R)-5-methyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-1-benzazepin-1-yl]methyl}-1H,7H-
    keywords: binding; compounds; cov-2; drug; inhibitors; lead1; lopinavir; mol; pro; protease; protein; sars; site
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        item: #3954 of 5187
          id: cord-331055-5ni0jxij
      author: Bouche, Pierre-Alban
       title: Were protective procedures against SARS-CoV-2 effective in an orthopaedic and trauma centre during the lockdown period? A retrospective study
        date: 2020-07-16
       words: 2377
      flesch: 48
     summary: Patients included were those who had surgery during the lockdown period. To allow the effectiveness of the procedures implemented, we evaluated the number of complications attributed to SARS-CoV-2 and the number of patients who became COVID positive during hospitalization.
    keywords: complications; covid-19; lockdown; patients; procedures
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        item: #3955 of 5187
          id: cord-331060-b3z1zb4t
      author: Cruickshank, Marilyn
       title: COVID‐19: Lessons to be learnt from a once‐in‐a‐century global pandemic
        date: 2020-06-04
       words: 2293
      flesch: 49
     summary: A better understanding of, and resolution to, the barriers to recognition of nurse leaders in events like these, in particular those in infection prevention and control, is also required given that outbreaks of infectious diseases are here to stay and the fundamental role that nurses play in outbreak responses now and into the future. The outbreaks of SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV, Ebola and H1N1, and the lessons learned from each have been noteworthy: importance of good hygiene (hands and surroundings), testing when possible, isolation of those infected, personal protection equipment for health care workers and others involved in the care of the infected, expurgated search for treatments, and vaccines.
    keywords: covid-19; health; infection; outbreak; pandemic; spread
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        item: #3956 of 5187
          id: cord-331066-ediowz4s
      author: Chechetkin, Vladimir R.
       title: Ribonucleocapsid assembly/packaging signals in the genomes of the coronaviruses SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2: detection, comparison and implications for therapeutic targeting
        date: 2020-09-09
       words: 7045
      flesch: 48
     summary: The interactions between genomic RNA and N proteins are assumed to be nonspecific and governed mainly by electrostatic effects. The proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2 Practical applications of DNA genotyping in diagnostic pathology DNA polymorphism in the b-esterase gene cluster of Drosophila melanogaster Entropy and GC content in the beta-esterase gene cluster of the Drosophila melanogaster subgroup Computational methods of identification of pseudogenes based on functionality: Entropy and GC content Short fuzzy tandem repeats in genomic sequences, identification, and possible role in regulation of gene expression Advanced topics in forensic DNA typing: Methodology Computational inference of selection underlying the evolution of the novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 The SARS coronavirus nucleocapsid protein-forms and functions Multiple nucleic acid binding sites and intrinsic disorder of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus nucleocapsid protein: Implications for ribonucleocapsid protein packaging Recent insights into the development of therapeutics against coronavirus diseases by targeting N protein Spectral sum rules and search for periodicities in DNA sequences Levels of ordering in coding and non-coding regions of DNA sequences Large-scale chromosome folding versus genomic DNA sequences: A discrete double Fourier transform technique Genome packaging within icosahedral capsids and large-scale segmentation in viral genomic sequences Detection of large-scale noisy multi-periodic patterns with discrete double Fourier transform.
    keywords: cov-2; genomes; motifs; packaging; patterns; rna; sars
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        item: #3957 of 5187
          id: cord-331076-ak481qew
      author: Eskier, Doğa
       title: Mutations of SARS-CoV-2 nsp14 exhibit strong association with increased genome-wide mutation load
        date: 2020-10-12
       words: 3865
      flesch: 39
     summary: We propose nsp14 as a priority research target for understanding genomic variance rate in SARS-CoV-2 isolates and nsp14 mutations as potential predictors for high mutability strains. Our results show that nsp14 mutations show the most consistent association with mutations between MoE and the whole genome.
    keywords: cov-2; genome; isolates; moe; mutation; nsp14; sars
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        item: #3958 of 5187
          id: cord-331087-kpze9xux
      author: Siddiqui, S.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 antibody seroprevalence and stability in a tertiary care hospital-setting
        date: 2020-09-03
       words: 3248
      flesch: 46
     summary: With the rapid increase in the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases, India remains one of the severely affected countries with on-going pandemic. They have reported the presence of antibodies among the asymptomatic individuals along with confirmed COVID-19 cases.
    keywords: antibodies; cov-2; covid-19; individuals; population; sars; study
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        item: #3959 of 5187
          id: cord-331094-22366b81
      author: Ianevski, Aleksandr
       title: Potential Antiviral Options against SARS-CoV-2 Infection
        date: 2020-06-13
       words: 6839
      flesch: 43
     summary: The convalescent sera option for containing COVID-19 Effectiveness of convalescent plasma therapy in severe COVID-19 patients Treatment of 5 Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19 With Convalescent Plasma The Roles of Host and Viral Antibody Fc Receptors in Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) and Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) Infections and Immunity Fc-Mediated Antibody Effector Functions During Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection and Disease A Role for Fc Function in Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibody-Mediated Protection against Ebola Virus Discovery and development of safe-in-man broad-spectrum antiviral agents Novel activities of safe-in-human broad-spectrum antiviral agents Human induced pluripotent stem cells are a novel source of neural progenitor cells (iNPCs) that migrate and integrate in the rodent spinal cord (BOMB): Open platform for high-throughput nucleic acid extraction and manipulation Detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real-time RT-PCR Antiviral Properties of Chemical Inhibitors of Cellular Anti-Apoptotic Bcl-2 Proteins Obatoclax, saliphenylhalamide, and gemcitabine inhibit influenza a virus infection Obatoclax, saliphenylhalamide and gemcitabine inhibit Zika virus infection in vitro and differentially affect cellular signaling, transcription and metabolism Expanding the activity spectrum of antiviral agents SynergyFinder 2.0: Visual analytics of multi-drug combination synergies DrugCentral 2018: These results are consistent with previous studies showing that physical factors destabilize SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses [39] [40] [41] [42] .
    keywords: amodiaquine; antiviral; cells; compounds; cov-2; covid-19; drug; figure; infection; nelfinavir; patients; samples; sars; serum; treatment; vero; virus
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        item: #3960 of 5187
          id: cord-331109-a8e7r80d
      author: Ibrahim, Yassmin S.
       title: Case Report: Paralytic Ileus: A Potential Extrapulmonary Manifestation of Severe COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-31
       words: 2365
      flesch: 42
     summary: Moreover, Bhayana et al. 20 reported bowel wall abnormalities in 31% of abdominal CT scan images in COVID-19 patients, including pneumatosis and portal venous gas. Therefore, this could be a potential mechanism of paralytic ileus in severe COVID-19 cases.
    keywords: bowel; cases; covid-19; ileus; infection; patients; sars
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        item: #3961 of 5187
          id: cord-331140-5b0y1xzb
      author: Cardona Maya, Walter D.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 and Prostatitis: dangerous relationship for male sexual and reproductive health
        date: 2020-06-01
       words: 326
      flesch: 38
     summary: Male infertility: a public health issue caused by sexually transmitted pathogens Orchitis: a complication of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Clinical Characteristics and Results of Semen Tests Among Men With Coronavirus Disease SARS-CoV-2 and the Testis: similarity to other viruses and routes of infection Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Epidemiology of prostatitis in Finnish men: a population-based cross-sectional study The role of chronic prostatic inflammation in the pathogenesis and progression of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
    keywords: sars
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        item: #3962 of 5187
          id: cord-331147-numz9onx
      author: Al‐Kofahi, Mahmoud
       title: Finding the Dose for Hydroxychloroquine Prophylaxis for COVID‐19: The Desperate Search for Effectiveness
        date: 2020-06-01
       words: 2307
      flesch: 41
     summary: Hydroxychloroquine doses used for malaria have been largely adopted for COVID-19 treatment and prophylaxis. Table 1 shows the percent of simulated subjects with hydroxychloroquine trough concentrations above the targeted EC 50 3 and the cumulative time above EC 50 over the simulated drug treatment period ( Figures S9-S16) .
    keywords: covid-19; exposure; hydroxychloroquine
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        item: #3963 of 5187
          id: cord-331155-jkm4fuw4
      author: Nakashima, Akiko
       title: Virus database annotations assist in tracing information on patients infected with emerging pathogens
        date: 2020-10-08
       words: 3873
      flesch: 36
     summary: Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation Cryo-electron microscopy structures of the SARS-CoV spike glycoprotein reveal a prerequisite conformational state for receptor binding Cryo-EM structures of MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV spike glycoproteins reveal the dynamic receptor binding domains The Protein Data Bank Protein Identification and Analysis Tools in the ExPASy Server Coronaviruses: an RNA proofreading machine regulates replication fidelity and diversity Celebrating wobble decoding: Half a century and still much is new Geographic and Genomic Distribution of SARS-CoV-2 Variant analysis of SARS-cov-2 genomes A crucial role of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in SARS coronavirus-induced lung injury Understanding Human Coronavirus HCoV-NL63 Cryo-EM analysis of a feline coronavirus spike protein reveals a unique structure and camouflaging glycans Insights into changes in binding affinity caused by disease mutations in protein-protein complexes Spike mutation pipeline reveals the emergence of a more transmissible form of SARS-CoV-2 Comment Improving epidemic surveillance and response : big data is dead , long live big data A real-time dashboard of clinical trials for COVID-19 Antibodies and vaccines against Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus A human monoclonal antibody blocking SARS-CoV-2 infection Discovering drugs to treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) We propose the use of additional annotation tags for patients that are anonymized with maximum privacy protection and informed consent on sampling virus genetic data around the world without borders.
    keywords: analysis; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; data; protein; r n; sars; virus
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        item: #3964 of 5187
          id: cord-331193-33cyvidx
      author: Mawhinney, Jamie A
       title: Neurotropism of SARS-CoV-2: COVID-19 presenting with an acute manic episode
        date: 2020-06-14
       words: 2522
      flesch: 45
     summary: Investigations confirmed that he was positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Investigations confirmed that he was positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
    keywords: acute; case; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; history; sars
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        item: #3965 of 5187
          id: cord-331243-0u65qguq
      author: Ucciferri, Claudio
       title: Role of monoclonal antibody drugs in the treatment of COVID-19
        date: 2020-10-06
       words: 1696
      flesch: 33
     summary: A single center experience Off-label use of tocilizumab in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection Tocilizumab for the treatment of severe COVID-19 pneumonia with hyperinflammatory syndrome and acute respiratory failure: A single center study of 100 patients in Profiling COVID-19 pneumonia progressing into the cytokine storm syndrome: Results from a single Italian Centre study on tocilizumab versus standard of care Efficacy and safety of tocilizumab in severe COVID-19 patients: a single-centre retrospective cohort study Interleukin-1 in the pathogenesis and treatment of inflammatory diseases Targeting the inflammatory cascade with anakinra in moderate to severe COVID-19 pneumonia: case series Interleukin-1 blockade with high-dose anakinra in patients with COVID-19, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and hyperinflammation: a retrospective cohort study Canakinumab in a subgroup of patients with COVID-19 Could ruxolitinib be effective in patients with COVID-19 infection at risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)? The cytokine storms mediated by overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines have been observed in COVID-19 patients [9] .
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; infection; patients; sars
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        item: #3966 of 5187
          id: cord-331277-fjsuo3yy
      author: Hoste, Alexis C.R.
       title: Two serological approaches for detection of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in different scenarios: A screening tool and a point-of-care test
        date: 2020-08-11
       words: 2410
      flesch: 40
     summary: Prior to the analyses, the samples were classified into positive or negative by PCR or by other commercial serological assays. In order to determine the prevalence of antibodies in the population and to complement the nucleic acid detection assays, especially at later days after the onset of the symptoms, serological assays are required (8) .
    keywords: assays; cov-2; protein; sars
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        item: #3967 of 5187
          id: cord-331283-bfyoavon
      author: Meca-Lallana, Dra. Virginia
       title: COVID-19 IN 7 MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS PATIENTS IN TREATMENT WITH ANTI-CD20 THERAPIES
        date: 2020-06-15
       words: 1224
      flesch: 46
     summary: Ocrelizumab is associated with decreased levels of IgM (and to a lesser degree for IgA and IgG), and serious infections occurred, but their incidence was low in clinical trials and extended phases 4 In this work, we report our experience in MS patients with anti-CD20+ antibodies who have 2. Patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) in a state of immunosuppression may be considered at risk for complications in the COVID-19 pandemic, although there is increasing evidence postulating a possible protective role of selective immunosuppression.
    keywords: anti; cov-2; patients
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        item: #3968 of 5187
          id: cord-331300-u5fltc10
      author: Patel, Jay
       title: Viability of SARS‐CoV‐2 in faecal bio‐aerosols
        date: 2020-06-09
       words: 470
      flesch: 42
     summary: Persistent viral shedding of SARS-CoV-2 in faeces -a rapid review Put a lid on it: Are faecal bio-aerosols a route of transmission for SARS-CoV-2? Evidence of airborne transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome virus Concentration and detection of SARS coronavirus in sewage from Xiao Tang Shan Hospital and the 309th Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection of hospital isolation wards hygiene monitoring during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 outbreak in a Chinese hospital Accepted Article However, it is equally pertinent to consider the viability of the virus in faecal bio-aerosols generated by toilet plumes [2] .
    keywords: sars; viability
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        item: #3969 of 5187
          id: cord-331375-tbuijeje
      author: Villalobos, Carlos
       title: SARS-CoV-2 Infections in the World: An Estimation of the Infected Population and a Measure of How Higher Detection Rates Save Lives
        date: 2020-09-25
       words: 7208
      flesch: 42
     summary: Moreover, we showed evidence that moving from relatively low to high cumulative detection rates (and thus saving lives) is unlikely and difficult. Thirdly, in this paper, we test the hypothesis that higher detection rates can save lives while providing a measure of this impact (having in mind that is preferable to be vaguely right than precisely wrong).
    keywords: cov-2; deaths; detection; detection rates; individuals; infections; number; pandemic; rates; sars
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        item: #3970 of 5187
          id: cord-331423-5wpx0bd0
      author: Pelea, Teodor
       title: SARS-CoV-2 associated Guillain–Barré syndrome
        date: 2020-08-08
       words: 2176
      flesch: 47
     summary: A remarkable clinical pattern in our case was that there was bilateral peripheral facial nerve palsy. Facial nerve involvement in GBS is a common finding in 27-50% [12] .
    keywords: case; gbs; nerve; sars; symptoms; syndrome
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        item: #3971 of 5187
          id: cord-331428-6pvr2vew
      author: Heffernan, Kevin S.
       title: Exercise as medicine for COVID-19: on PPAR with emerging pharmacotherapy
        date: 2020-08-17
       words: 1837
      flesch: 11
     summary: Expression of peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor alpha (PPAR alpha) in primary cultures of human vascular endothelial cells Fatty acid carbon is essential for dNTP synthesis in endothelial cells A Protective Effect of PPARα in Endothelial Progenitor Cells Through Regulating Metabolism PPARalpha and GR differentially down-regulate the expression of nuclear factor-kappaB-responsive genes in vascular endothelial cells NAD(P)H oxidase/nitric oxide interactions in peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR)alpha-mediated cardiovascular effects Fenofibrate suppresses microvascular inflammation and apoptosis through adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase activation Fenofibrate activates AMPK and increases eNOS phosphorylation in HUVEC The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α agonist fenofibrate decreases airway reactivity to methacholine and increases endothelial nitric oxide synthase phosphorylation in mouse lung PPARalpha activators upregulate eNOS activity and inhibit cytokine-induced NF-kappaB activation through AMP-activated protein kinase activation Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor α Agonists Increase Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression in Vascular Endothelial Cells PPAR-α Agonist Fenofibrate Upregulates Tetrahydrobiopterin Level through Increasing the Expression of Guanosine 5'-Triphosphate Cyclohydrolase-I in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells Effect of fenofibrate on serum nitric oxide levels in patients with hypertriglyceridemia, Advances in clinical and experimental medicine : official organ Fenofibrate improves vascular endothelial function by reducing oxidative stress while increasing endothelial nitric oxide synthase in healthy normolipidemic older adults Fibrate therapy and flow-mediated dilation: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized placebocontrolled trials Strong Relationship Between Vascular Function in the Coronary and Brachial Arteries Peripheral Vascular Endothelial Function And The Pulmonary Blood Pressure Response To Exercise In Pulmonary Hypertension Coronary flow velocity reserve is improved by PPAR-α agonist fenofibrate in patients with hypertriglyceridemia Fenofibrate improves cerebral blood flow after middle cerebral artery occlusion in mice PPARα activation improves endothelial dysfunction and reduces fibrosis and portal pressure in cirrhotic rats Effects of the PPAR-α agonist fenofibrate on acute and short-term consequences of brain ischemia Effect of endurance training on lipid metabolism in women: a potential role for PPARalpha in the metabolic response to training Transcriptional adaptations of lipid metabolism in tibialis anterior muscle of endurance-trained athletes Vascular effects of exercise: endothelial adaptations beyond active muscle beds Exercise modalities and endothelial function: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, Sports medicine The antiinflammatory effects of exercise: mechanisms and implications for the prevention and treatment of disease Physical exercise as a tool to help the immune system against COVID-19: an integrative review of the current literature Prevention of age-related endothelial dysfunction by habitual aerobic exercise in healthy humans: possible role of nuclear factor κB Adolph Distinguished Lecture: The remarkable anti-aging effects of aerobic exercise on systemic arteries Effects of exercise training on endothelial progenitor cells in cardiovascular disease: a systematic review PPARδ Is Required for Exercise to Attenuate Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Endothelial Dysfunction in Diabetic Mice Fatty acid homeostasis and induction of lipid regulatory genes in skeletal muscles of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) alpha knock-out mice. This paper will explore the hypothesis that exercise may be a useful adjuvant in a setting of COVID-19 management/rehabilitation due to its effects on PPARα and vascular endothelial function.
    keywords: covid-19; effects; endothelial; exercise; lung; receptor
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        item: #3972 of 5187
          id: cord-331429-mh2hd5fe
      author: Srikantiah, Padmini
       title: SARS Clinical Features, United States, 2003
        date: 2005-01-17
       words: 1949
      flesch: 42
     summary: Clinical features and short-term outcomes of 144 patients with SARS in the Greater Toronto Area Outcomes and prognostic factors in 267 patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Singapore: clinical features of index patient and initial contacts Patient data, early SARS epidemic Clinical progression and viral load in a community outbreak of coronavirus-associated SARS pneumonia: a prospective study Clinical and laboratory features of severe acute respiratory syndrome vis-a-vis onset of fever SARS surveillance during emergency public health response Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction for SARS-associated coronavirus A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, and treatment outcomes of SARS patients Severe acute respiratory syndrome: radiographic appearances and pattern of progression in 138 patients Enteric involvement of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus infection The spectrum of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus infection A clinical prediction rule for diagnosing severe acute respiratory syndrome in the emergency department Combining clinical and epidemiologic features for early recognition of SARS interest is in the epidemiology of HIV and tuberculosis coinfection in the developing world. 331429 cord_uid: mh2hd5fe We compared the clinical features of 8 U.S. case-patients with laboratory-confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) to 65 controls who tested negative for SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) infection.
    keywords: cov; infection; patients; sars
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        item: #3973 of 5187
          id: cord-331465-humpwwk2
      author: Canaday, David H
       title: On setting expectations for a SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine
        date: 2020-06-04
       words: 999
      flesch: 36
     summary: Potential Conflicts of interest S.G. and D.C. report investigator initiated grants to the university to study influenza vaccines and consulting of flu vaccines from Seqirus, Sanofi-Pasteur, and Pfizer. Past Seasons Vaccine Effectiveness Estimates Polysaccharide conjugate vaccine against pneumococcal pneumonia in adults Effectiveness of the 23-Valent Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine Pneumococcal Disease in the Elderly: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis The respiratory syncytial virus vaccine landscape: lessons from the graveyard and promising candidates Influenza Vaccination Modifies Disease Severity Among Community-dwelling Adults Hospitalized With Influenza T cell responses are better correlates of vaccine protection in the elderly Preexisting influenza-specific CD4(+) T cells correlate with disease protection against influenza challenge in humans Cytotoxic T-cell immunity to influenza A phase I trial evaluating the safety and immunogenicity of a candidate tuberculosis vaccination regimen, ChAdOx1 85A prime -MVA85A boost in healthy UK adults mRNA vaccines against H10N8
    keywords: influenza; vaccine
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        item: #3974 of 5187
          id: cord-331472-kd4uxcve
      author: Shahid, Zainab
       title: COVID‐19 and Older Adults: What We Know
        date: 2020-04-20
       words: 2321
      flesch: 44
     summary: Report of the WHO-China Joint Mission on Coronavirus Disease Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72 314 cases from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Report sulle caratteristiche dei pazienti deceduti positivi a COVID-19 in Italia Il presente report è basato sui dati aggiornati al 17 Marzo 2020 Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study Hypertension prevalence and control among adults: United States Heart Disease, Myocardial Infarction, and Stroke-A Public Health Issue Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Among Adults-United States Identifying and interrupting superspreading eventsimplications for control of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Air, surface environmental, and personal protective equipment contamination by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) from a symptomatic patient Persistence of coronaviruses on inanimate surfaces and their inactivation with biocidal agents Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread ? More than 80% of deaths among adult patients occurred in those older than age 65.
    keywords: adults; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; patients; sars
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        item: #3975 of 5187
          id: cord-331496-5xak7z6b
      author: Garnett, Emily
       title: Clinical Validation and Performance Evaluation of the Automated Vitros Total Anti–SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies Assay for Screening of Serostatus in COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-31
       words: 3450
      flesch: 34
     summary: Accuracy studies were performed using 57 healthy volunteers who were negative for SARS CoV-2 by RT-PCR and who had no known exposure, travel history, or symptoms of COVID-19 and 79 patient samples that were positive for SARS CoV-2 by RT-PCR. The CoV2T assay exhibited 100% negative predictive agreement (56/56) and 71% positive predictive agreement (56/79) with RT-PCR across all patient samples and was concordant with other serologic assays.
    keywords: assay; cov-2; cov2; sars; serologic; testing
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        item: #3976 of 5187
          id: cord-331517-o5ejfq86
      author: Hirayama, Takehisa
       title: Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 in Japan
        date: 2020-10-29
       words: 2145
      flesch: 42
     summary: Approximately 40%-70% of GBS cases develop following infection, and autoantibodies against glycolipids (mainly ganglioside antibodies) are detected in over 50% of cases. Although the possibility of GBS associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection remains to be clarified, the number of GBS cases reported between March 2020 and April 2020 is greater than five times that reported in the last 3 years.
    keywords: cov-2; gbs; infection; sars; syndrome
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        item: #3977 of 5187
          id: cord-331520-o9e4qqn4
      author: Kistler, Christine E.
       title: The Winter Respiratory Viral Season During the COVID-19 Pandemic
        date: 2020-10-26
       words: 2728
      flesch: 28
     summary: Managing Investigations During an Outbreak CMS-3401-IFC, Updating Requirements for Reporting of SARS-CoV-2 Test Results by (CLIA) Additional Policy and Regulatory Revisions in Response to the COVID-19 Public Health Emergency Thinking fast and slow in pneumonia Computerized clinical decision support systems and antibiotic prescribing: a systematic review and meta-analysis Effectiveness and safety of electronically delivered prescribing feedback and decision support on antibiotic use for respiratory illness in primary care: REDUCE cluster randomised trial Evaluation of viruses associated with acute respiratory infections in long-term care facilities using a novel method: Wisconsin, 2016-2019 COVIDApp as an innovative strategy for the management and follow-up of COVID-19 cases in long-term care facilities in Catalonia: implementation study Prognostic value of lung ultrasonography in older nursing home residents affected by COVID-19 Combining procalcitonin and rapid multiplex respiratory virus testing for antibiotic stewardship in older adult patients with severe acute respiratory infection Efficacy of a test-retest strategy in residents and health care personnel of a nursing home facing a COVID-19 outbreak Bacterial and fungal co-infection in individuals with coronavirus: a rapid review to support COVID-19 antimicrobial prescribing Does adherence to the Loeb minimum criteria reduce antibiotic prescribing rates in nursing homes? Successfully reducing antibiotic prescribing in nursing homes Antibiotic use in the nursing home. Different Types of Flu Vaccines Use of 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine and 23-Valent Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine Among Adults Aged ≥65 Years: Updated Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices Pneumococcal vaccination guidance for post-acute and long-term care settings: recommendations from AMDA's Infection Advisory Committee Recommendations for mandatory influenza vaccinations for health care personnel from AMDA's Infection Advisory Subcommittee Influenza vaccination coverage among health care personnel -United States, 2017-18 influenza season Changes in influenza vaccination requirements for health care personnel in us hospitals Barriers to timely care of acute infections in nursing homes: a preliminary qualitative study Nursing home-associated pneumonia, part I: diagnosis Defining characteristics and risk indicators for diagnosing nursing home-acquired pneumonia and aspiration pneumonia in nursing home residents, using the electronically-modified Delphi Method Community-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalization among U.S. adults Predictors of mortality for nursing home-acquired pneumonia: a systematic review Viral respiratory infections in a nursing home: a sixmonth prospective study Unprecedented solutions for extraordinary times: Helping long-term care settings deal with the COVID-19 pandemic Role of body temperature in diagnosing bacterial infection in nursing home residents Temperature in nursing home residents systematically tested for SARS-CoV-2 Clinical practice guideline for the evaluation of fever and infection in older adult residents of long-term care facilities: 2008 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America Does universal testing for COVID-19 work for everyone? Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
    keywords: care; covid-19; nursing; residents; respiratory; term; winter
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        item: #3978 of 5187
          id: cord-331541-u0xm9a89
      author: Lankes, Heather A
       title: Biospecimen Collection During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Considerations for Biobanking
        date: 2020-09-25
       words: 3589
      flesch: 34
     summary: Thus, similar to the categorization used in Hong Kong for SARS biospecimens, 42 a third category should be considered, ie, all biospecimens collected internationally during the pandemic window of October 1, 2019, through a yet to be determined date ❚Table 1❚. China confirms SARS infection in another previously reported case; summary of cases to date-update 5 Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Singapore-update 2 World Health Organization.
    keywords: biosafety; biospecimens; cov-2; covid-19; handling; laboratory; pandemic; sars
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        item: #3979 of 5187
          id: cord-331547-uqmjhhna
      author: Bonalumi, Giorgia
       title: A call to action becomes practice: cardiac and vascular surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic based on the Lombardy emergency guidelines
        date: 2020-06-25
       words: 4239
      flesch: 47
     summary: A cross-sectional study COVID-19 outbreak In Northern Italy viewpoint of the Milan area surgical community The COVID-19 outbreak and its impact on hospitals in Italy: the model of cardiac surgery Ministero della salute, Italia, National Plan for Hospital Waiting List jsp?lingua=italiano&id=2824 Chinese society of anesthesiology expert consensus on anesthetic management of cardiac surgical patients with suspected or confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 Difference of coagulation features between severe pneumonia induced by SARS-CoV2 and non-SARS-CoV2 Critically ill COVID-19 infected patients exhibit increased clot waveform analysis parameters consistent with hypercoagulability Associations between immune-suppressive and stimulating drugs and novel COVID-19-a systematic review of current evidence COVID-19 and treatment with NSAIDs and corticosteroids: should we be limiting their use in the clinical setting? Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors improve the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients with hypertension Renin-angiotensin system blockers and the COVID-19 pandemic: at present there is no evidence to abandon renin-angiotensin system blockers Conflict of interest: none declared. Further studies are needed to quantify the number of cardiovascular patients who died of SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: area; covid-19; emergency; hospital; hub; patients; results; screening; spoke; system
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        item: #3980 of 5187
          id: cord-331558-6rqd3fmj
      author: Sun, Chuan-bin
       title: Role of the Eye in Transmitting Human Coronavirus: What We Know and What We Do Not Know
        date: 2020-04-24
       words: 5514
      flesch: 40
     summary: However, the number of 2019-nCoV infected patients in the first two months was nearly 10 times that of SARS patients in total, which indicated that 2019-nCoV is more transmissible than SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV (16) . Patients infected by 2019-nCoV, similar to SARS cases, mostly present with non-specific symptoms such as fever, dry cough, and dyspnoea, or, in some cases, no evident symptoms, at the early phase of the disease (9, 16, (23) (24) (25) (26) (27) 48) .
    keywords: conjunctival; coronavirus; cov; covid-19; covs; human; infection; mers; ncov; patients; sars
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        item: #3981 of 5187
          id: cord-331563-4yvfdqbq
      author: Chughtai, Abrar Ahmad
       title: Availability, consistency and evidence-base of policies and guidelines on the use of mask and respirator to protect hospital health care workers: a global analysis
        date: 2013-05-31
       words: 5634
      flesch: 48
     summary: However, for pandemic influenza and SARS, the WHO recommends mask use in low risk and respirators in high risk situations, whereas, the CDC recommends respirators in both low and high risk situations. During an influenza pandemic, the WHO recommends mask use in low risk situations and respirators in high risk situations [14] , whereas, the CDC recommends respirators in both situations [21] .
    keywords: cdc; control; countries; guidelines; health; influenza; masks; respirators; risk; use
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        item: #3982 of 5187
          id: cord-331571-v01kstbr
      author: Rossoff, Jenna
       title: Benign course of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in a series of pediatric oncology patients
        date: 2020-06-23
       words: 725
      flesch: 39
     summary: Our series of pediatric oncology patients with relatively benign courses of SARS-CoV-2 infection is consistent with reports from both Italy and New York city, where five and 20 pediatric cancer patients, respectively, were identified as having mild or asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection, 8, 9 and mirror the experience in some patients on biologics for immune-mediated inflammatory disease. Although children have milder SARS-CoV-2 infections, there is a natural concern that children with cancer are at higher risk of severe illness from SARS-CoV-2 infection and that further immunosuppressive cancer-related treatment may increase this risk, as has been reported in adults with cancer.
    keywords: cov-2; sars
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        item: #3983 of 5187
          id: cord-331611-pwj226j0
      author: Shrimp, Jonathan H.
       title: An Enzymatic TMPRSS2 Assay for Assessment of Clinical Candidates and Discovery of Inhibitors as Potential Treatment of COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-23
       words: 3907
      flesch: 37
     summary: Meyer et al. examined several peptide AMC substrates for TMPRSS2 and used a biochemical assay to assess modified peptide substrates as TMPRSS2 inhibitors, some with observed inhibition constants of approximately 20 nM 13 . A validated inhibitor of TMPRSS2 protease activity would be a valuable tool for studying the impact TMPRSS2 has in viral entry and potentially be an effective antiviral therapeutic.
    keywords: activity; amc; assay; cov-2; inhibitor; nafamostat; preprint; sars; tmprss2
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        item: #3984 of 5187
          id: cord-331617-1ytcd0ax
      author: Horvath, Karl
       title: Antikörpertests bei COVID-19 - Was uns die Ergebnisse sagen
        date: 2020-05-15
       words: 2635
      flesch: 47
     summary: Die Bildung von AK benötigt Zeit, deshalb sind sie in der Frühphase der Infektion noch nicht nachweisbar. Anwendungen von AK Tests sind daher nur im Rahmen von organisierten, strukturierten Testprogrammen zu spezifischen
    keywords: bei; cov-2; der; die; einer; für; infektion; ist; kann; mit; personen; probability; sars; test; und; von; werden
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        item: #3985 of 5187
          id: cord-331666-iwkuwnun
      author: Schweitzer, Wolf
       title: Implications for forensic death investigations from first Swiss post-mortem CT in a case of non-hospital treatment with COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-30
       words: 3816
      flesch: 40
     summary: As relevant as that may appear to forensic investigations, this seems rather uninformative otherwise, and may definitely entail under-reporting of COVID-19 cases [58] when in fact, death with COVID-19 (as in: fall from great height, intoxication, road traffic accident, etc.) The extent of pulmonary affection in this case, both radiologically (see Fig. 2 and 3 ) and at autopsy, seems extensive in context of SARS-CoV-2 cases reported so far [42] but lies in the range of fatal SARS cases [43] .
    keywords: acute; case; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; death; findings; patients; pmct; post; sars
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        item: #3986 of 5187
          id: cord-331673-xv1tcugl
      author: Reina, Giacomo
       title: Hard Nanomaterials in Time of Viral Pandemics
        date: 2020-07-15
       words: 15723
      flesch: 39
     summary: Different functionalized CDs were prepared to hamper host cell viral entry. Overall, graphene materials have shown a good capacity to block host cell viral entry.
    keywords: activity; agents; agnps; cells; drug; effect; entry; fullerene; hiv; hnms; host; host cells; immune; infection; influenza; inhibition; interaction; mechanism; nanoparticles; replication; response; silver; surface; virus; viruses; vitro
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        item: #3987 of 5187
          id: cord-331680-qlzhtxs0
      author: Goryachev, A.N.
       title: Potential Opportunity of Antisense Therapy of COVID-19 on an in Vitro Model
        date: 2020-11-03
       words: 4113
      flesch: 43
     summary: antisense oligonucleotides consists in administering to the body of the patient a drug containing single-strand DNA chains which is complementary to any site of single-strand DNA or RNA, for example, virus RNA. Table 2 Genetic target sequences of the coronavirus genome for TRS1 and TRS2 drugs Name Nucleotide sequence of virus RNA (5 '-3') site trs1 GATCTGTTCTCTAAACGAAC site trs2 CTGTTCTCTAAACGAACTTTA *
    keywords: antisense; cells; drug; oligonucleotide; rna; sars; sequence; study; virus
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        item: #3988 of 5187
          id: cord-331701-izkz1hz4
      author: Eden, John-Sebastian
       title: An emergent clade of SARS-CoV-2 linked to returned travellers from Iran
        date: 2020-03-17
       words: 1273
      flesch: 40
     summary: Phylogenetic analyses of whole genome sequencing data identified a distinct SARS-CoV-2 clade linked to travellers returning from Iran to Australia and New Zealand. This study highlights potential viral diversity driving the epidemic in Iran, and underscores the power of rapid genome sequencing and public data sharing to improve the detection and management of emerging infectious diseases.
    keywords: cov-2; data; iran; sars; sequencing
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        item: #3989 of 5187
          id: cord-331786-wgt7kg6f
      author: Diego-Martin, Borja
       title: Pilot production of SARS-CoV-2 related proteins in plants: a proof of concept for rapid repurposing of indoors farms into biomanufacturing facilities
        date: 2020-10-13
       words: 7052
      flesch: 38
     summary: We carried out a final agroinfiltration for recombinant antibody production using a total of 112 plants, equivalent to approximately 2.5 kilograms of fresh plant material. For antibody production we used wild-type and RNAi ΔXT/FT glycoengineered N. benthamiana plant lines, the latter lacking plantspecific Xylose and Fucose glycosylation (Strasser et al., 2008) .
    keywords: agroinfiltration; antibodies; antibody; benthamiana; buffer; cov-2; expression; fig; plant; production; protein; rbd; sars; scale
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        item: #3990 of 5187
          id: cord-331790-0w0pjjg1
      author: Abu Jawdeh, Bassam G.
       title: COVID-19 in Kidney Transplantation: Outcomes, Immunosuppression Management and Operational Challenges
        date: 2020-07-17
       words: 3060
      flesch: 41
     summary: Multiple case series of kidney transplant recipients with COVID-19 have shown increased mortality compared to non-transplant patients. These comorbidities are prevalent in patients with kidney disease, hence the significant burden of COVID-19 on kidney transplant programs.
    keywords: covid-19; disease; immunosuppression; kidney; ktr; patients; sars; transplant
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        item: #3991 of 5187
          id: cord-331807-ooym5eh3
      author: Wu, Tao
       title: A reverse-transcription recombinase-aided amplification assay for the rapid detection of N gene of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)
        date: 2020-07-29
       words: 558
      flesch: 25
     summary: key: cord-331807-ooym5eh3 authors: Wu, Tao; Ge, Yiyue; Zhao, Kangchen; Zhu, Xiaojuan; Chen, Yin; Wu, Bin; Zhu, Fengcai; Zhu, Baoli; Cui, Lunbiao title: A reverse-transcription recombinase-aided amplification assay for the rapid detection of N gene of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) date: 2020-07-29 journal: Virology DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2020.07.006 sha: doc_id: 331807 cord_uid: ooym5eh3 The current outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was reported in China firstly. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Situation Report -35 Development of a reverse 248 transcription recombinase-aided amplification assay for the detection of coxsackievirus A10 and 249 coxsackievirus A6 RNA Rapid detection 251 of Salmonella with Recombinase Aided Amplification A Novel 254 Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China
    keywords: assay; cov-2
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        item: #3992 of 5187
          id: cord-331825-dwi350c0
      author: Teherani, Mehgan F
       title: Burden of illness in households with SARS-CoV-2 infected children
        date: 2020-08-11
       words: 1630
      flesch: 55
     summary: Studies investigating household transmission have shown children are often secondarily infected by an adult, however, there is a paucity of pediatric-focused studies [4] [5] [6] [7] . There has been varied rates of household transmission reported in other countries.
    keywords: child; household; symptoms; transmission
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        item: #3993 of 5187
          id: cord-331831-gw42e6ce
      author: Moore, Luke S P
       title: Near-patient SARS-CoV-2 molecular platforms: new-old tools for new-old problems
        date: 2020-10-08
       words: 1102
      flesch: 36
     summary: As health-care providers and public health organisations continue to struggle with COVID-19 case finding, repurposing existing molecular platforms for this new pathogen, and revising historical laboratory centralisation towards point-of-care syndromic testing could provide some solutions. Additionally, whereas the need to rapidly identify patients with COVID-19 is a huge and new stressor on health-care provision and public health measures, the need to safely manage clinical care while minimising the potential for communicable disease transmission is an old problem.
    keywords: care; platforms; point; sars
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        item: #3994 of 5187
          id: cord-331835-nuhrd92z
      author: Hung, Kevin K. C.
       title: The role of the hotel industry in the response to emerging epidemics: a case study of SARS in 2003 and H1N1 swine flu in 2009 in Hong Kong
        date: 2018-11-27
       words: 4013
      flesch: 49
     summary: While the appropriateness and best method of quarantine in future pandemic influenza warrants further research, the 2009 swine flu hotel quarantine exposed gaps in the partnership with hotel industry. Preventing Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Guidelines for Hotels Guidelines on infection control and prevention in hotel industry.
    keywords: case; control; disease; health; hong; hong kong; hotel; hotel industry; kong; sars
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        item: #3995 of 5187
          id: cord-331856-j0gedx43
      author: Basile, K.
       title: Accuracy amidst ambiguity: false positive SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid tests when COVID-19 prevalence is low
        date: 2020-09-30
       words: 1244
      flesch: 32
     summary: key: cord-331856-j0gedx43 authors: Basile, K.; Maddocks, S.; Kok, J.; Dwyer, D.E. title: Accuracy amidst ambiguity: false positive SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid tests when COVID-19 prevalence is low date: 2020-09-30 journal: Pathology DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2020.09.009 sha: doc_id: 331856 cord_uid: j0gedx43 nan In countries with a low prevalence of COVID-19 and a low pre-test probability, confirmation of positive nucleic acid test (NAT) results for SARS-CoV-2 is recommended given the potential for false positive results. When SARS-CoV-2 was detected by in-house or commercial NATs in NSW Health Pathology (NSWHP) laboratories, samples were sent to NSWHP-Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, Westmead Hospital, for supplementary testing as part of NSWHP's testing algorithm to minimise false positive results.
    keywords: cov-2; positive; sars; testing
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        item: #3996 of 5187
          id: cord-331871-colmj7uk
      author: Feehan, A. K.
       title: Point prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 and infection fatality rate in Orleans and Jefferson Parish, Louisiana, May 9-15, 2020
        date: 2020-06-24
       words: 1228
      flesch: 55
     summary: Prevalence studies help to understand infection spread, especially when testing resources are limited. Hispanics and Asians had higher prevalence compared to whites, and this study confirms a recent report of over-representation of Black individuals with COVID-19 infection in the New Orleans area.
    keywords: license; preprint; prevalence
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        item: #3997 of 5187
          id: cord-331878-ww9fu8ey
      author: Gao, Xiaopan
       title: Crystal structure of SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease
        date: 2020-09-02
       words: 3526
      flesch: 48
     summary: In this study, we sought to provide structural frameworks for PLpro inhibitor design. Known PLpro inhibitors include not only the catalytic C111 reactive compounds but also a large collection of non-covalent compounds.
    keywords: cov; fig; grl0617; inhibitor; loop; mmol; plpro; protease; sars; structure; substrate
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        item: #3998 of 5187
          id: cord-331897-4wnoa4l7
      author: Cai, Yi
       title: Temporal event searches based on event maps and relationships()
        date: 2019-09-25
       words: 10502
      flesch: 56
     summary: In this paper, we have defined three kinds of event relationships to support temporal event searches, including temporal relationships, content dependence relationships and event reference relationships, and we have applied them to measure the degrees of inter-dependencies between component events. We define three kinds of event relationships: temporal, content dependence, and event reference, that can be used to identify to what extent a component event is dependent on another in the evolution of a target event (i.e., the query event).
    keywords: analysis; component; content; dependence; dependence relationships; event; method; news; reference; relationships; set; tem
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        item: #3999 of 5187
          id: cord-331910-s474ecvk
      author: Thota, Sai Manohar
       title: Natural products as home‐based prophylactic and symptom management agents in the setting of COVID‐19
        date: 2020-08-17
       words: 8699
      flesch: 22
     summary: Drug Design A trial of Lopinavir-Ritonavir in adults hospitalized with severe Covid-19 Vitamin C and immune function Features, evaluation and treatment coronavirus (COVID-19) Vitamin C in disease prevention and cure: An overview Fresh ginger (Zingiber officinale) has anti-viral activity against human respiratory syncytial virus in human respiratory tract cell lines Effects of curcumin on pulmonary fibrosis and functions of paraquatchallenged rats Apigenin protects against bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in rats Protective roles of Cordyceps on lung fibrosis in cellular and rat models β-Patchoulene from patchouli oil protects against LPSinduced acute lung injury via suppressing NF-κB and activating Nrf2 pathways Oxidative stress and pulmonary fibrosis Naja naja atra venom ameliorates pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting inflammatory response and oxidative stress β-carboline alkaloids attenuate bleomycin induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice through inhibiting NF-kb/p65 phosphorylation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition Inhibition of NF-κB-mediated inflammation in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-infected mice increases survival Clinical characteristics of fatal and recovered cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China: A retrospective study Does Carica papaya leaf-extract increase the platelet count? Neem (Azadirachta indica) has potential therapeutic benefits against pulmonary fibrosis pulmonary inflammation, acute lung injury, and alveolar damage.
    keywords: acute; antioxidant; bleomycin; cells; coronavirus; covid-19; effects; et al; fibrosis; infection; injury; levels; lung; mice; patients; rats; sars; study; symptoms; syndrome; tgf
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        item: #4000 of 5187
          id: cord-331927-b7pfm3i0
      author: Winn, Soe P
       title: Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Coronavirus Disease Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
        date: 2020-08-14
       words: 1777
      flesch: 42
     summary: It usually results from a reduction of insulin levels in the body due to reduced secretion from beta cell units of the pancreas or increased insulin requirement due to stressors like sepsis. Physicians should be aware of COVID-19 with a concomitant increase in the risk of DKA patients with T2D. However, more studies are needed for a better understanding of the pathogenesis of DKA in patients with coexisting T2D and COVID-19, and the prevention of poor outcomes in patients with diabetes.
    keywords: covid-19; diabetes; dka; patients
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        item: #4001 of 5187
          id: cord-331930-w2055c42
      author: Tso, Eugene Y. K.
       title: Persistence of Physical Symptoms in and Abnormal Laboratory Findings for Survivors of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
        date: 2004-05-01
       words: 530
      flesch: 52
     summary: Sixty-two patients who experienced the onset of SARS symptoms during the period from 18 March 18 2003 through 30 March 2003 were recruited. The median interval (‫ע‬SD) between the onset of SARS symptoms and the first follow-up visit was weeks.
    keywords: patients; sars
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        item: #4002 of 5187
          id: cord-332013-bl5d4xkc
      author: Sánchez-Álvarez, J. Emilio
       title: Status of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients on renal replacement therapy Report of the COVID-19 Registry of the Spanish Society of Nephrology (SEN)
        date: 2020-04-27
       words: 3620
      flesch: 49
     summary: Dialysis patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection have a higher risk of dying than transplant patients, this circumstance is probably related to older age and comorbidity (a variable not recorded in the Registry). Periodic analyzes of the information recorded will be carried out to obtain conclusions about the impact of this infection on RRT patients in Spain and the effect of different strategies dealing with this disease.
    keywords: cov-2; data; infection; patients; pneumonia; registry; rrt; sars
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        item: #4003 of 5187
          id: cord-332065-afq26621
      author: Ghanchi, Hammad
       title: Racial Disparity Amongst Stroke Patients During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic
        date: 2020-09-10
       words: 2861
      flesch: 39
     summary: Ethnic disparities in stroke: the scope of the problem Divergent poststroke outcomes for black patients: Lower mortality, but greater disability Racial-ethnic disparities in stroke care: the American experience: a statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on stroke patients. Given the recent pandemic and racial disparity among patients afflicted with SARS-CoV-2 and the possible link of this virus and cerebrovascular accidents (CVA), we sought to analyze whether there was a disparity for stroke patients presenting to hospitals during this time using the Get with the Guidelines (GWTG) National Stroke Database.
    keywords: covid-19; hospitals; patients; population; sars; stroke
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        item: #4004 of 5187
          id: cord-332071-bqvn3ceq
      author: Lee, Jeong Seok
       title: Immunophenotyping of COVID-19 and influenza highlights the role of type I interferons in development of severe COVID-19
        date: 2020-07-10
       words: 7122
      flesch: 46
     summary: Based on the distribution of UMI counts, the cluster 'Uncategorized 1' was featured by relatively high UMIs per cell compared to other clusters and presence of higher expression of multiple cell type marker genes. These results indicate that, in COVID-19, peripheral blood immune cells may be influenced by common inflammatory mediators regardless of cell type.
    keywords: analysis; cell; cluster; covid-19; disease; fig; genes; ifn; influenza; monocytes; patients; response; tnf; type
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        item: #4005 of 5187
          id: cord-332076-b0qtzzac
      author: Zhen, Wei
       title: Comparison of Four Molecular In Vitro Diagnostic Assays for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Nasopharyngeal Specimens
        date: 2020-07-23
       words: 4094
      flesch: 43
     summary: Our study showed that the DiaSorin Molecular and Hologic Fusion assays outperformed both the modified CDC and GenMark assays with respect to overall LoD, with GenMark having the overall highest LoD of all four platforms evaluated. The DiaSorin Molecular and GenMark assays have comparatively similar HoT and TAT, based on processing 8 samples per disc on the DiaSorin LIAISON MDX and 6 cartridges per tower in the GenMark ePlex.
    keywords: assay; cov-2; diasorin; genmark; hologic; molecular; results; sample; sars; specimens
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        item: #4006 of 5187
          id: cord-332080-923jpec0
      author: Lai, Chih-Cheng
       title: In vitro diagnostics of coronavirus disease 2019: technologies and application
        date: 2020-06-05
       words: 1193
      flesch: 34
     summary: novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins 527 and receptor binding Detection of 529 SARS-CoV-2 in different types of clinical specimens SARS-CoV-2 532 viral load in upper respiratory specimens of infected patients Molecular and 535 serological investigation of 2019-nCoV infected patients: implication of 536 multiple shedding routes Saliva is a reliable tool to detect SARS-CoV-2 Presumed asymptomatic 603 carrier transmission of COVID-19 Chest CT for typical 606 2019-nCoV pneumonia: relationship to negative RT-PCR testing COVID-19 and pneumonia returning from Macau in Taiwan: clinical course 610 and anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG dynamic Dynamics of 617 anti-SARS-Cov-2 IgM and IgG antibodies among COVID-19 patients Four 620 point-of-care lateral flow immunoassays for diagnosis of COVID-19 and 621 for assessing dynamics of antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 Evaluation of a COVID-19 IgM and IgG rapid test; an efficient tool 627 for assessment of past exposure to SARS-CoV-2 Evaluation of nine commercial SARS-CoV-2 638 immunoassays A case of 645 transient existence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the respiratory tract with the 646 absence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody response Viral load of SARS-CoV-2 in 649 clinical samples Washington State 2019-nCoV Case Investigation Team. (Hangzhou Bigfish Bio-tech Co., Ltd., Zhejiang, China) was recently registered 127 as a CE-IVD for detecting SARS-CoV-2 ORF-1ab and
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; nasopharyngeal; sars
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        item: #4007 of 5187
          id: cord-332109-ont0tqpn
      author: Wei, Yufeng
       title: Substance Use Disorder in the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review of Vulnerabilities and Complications
        date: 2020-07-18
       words: 11749
      flesch: 35
     summary: The Janus face of immune enhancement Draft Landscape of COVID-19 Candidate Vaccines The COVID-19 vaccine development landscape An Evidence Based Perspective on mRNA-SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Development An mRNA Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2-Preliminary Report Safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of a recombinant adenovirus type-5 vectored COVID-19 vaccine: A dose-escalation, open-label, non-randomised Trials of anti-tumour necrosis factor therapy for COVID-19 are urgently needed Induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1 and IL-6) and lung inflammation by Coronavirus-19 (COVI-19 or SARS-CoV-2): Anti-inflammatory strategies Breadth of concomitant immune responses prior to patient recovery: A case report of non-severe COVID-19 Targets of T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus in humans with COVID-19 disease and unexposed individuals Presence of SARS-CoV-2 reactive T cells in COVID-19 patients and healthy donors Clinical and immunological assessment of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections The potential danger of suboptimal antibody responses in COVID-19 Antibody-Dependent Enhancement of Viral Infections Opioid use disorder and the COVID 19 pandemic: A call to sustain regulatory easements and further expand access to treatment Projecting the transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 through the postpandemic period Comparing lung tissues from deceased patients of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) associated with influenza and COVID-19, the lungs from COVID-19 patients displayed distinctive vascular impairments of the pulmonary vessels.
    keywords: ace2; alcohol; axis; bbb; blood; brain; cells; cns; cocaine; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; cytokines; disease; expression; hpa; infection; patients; protein; responses; sars; system; use; virus
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        item: #4008 of 5187
          id: cord-332134-88wfcc3y
      author: Li, Tingting
       title: A potent synthetic nanobody targets RBD and protects mice from SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-09-24
       words: 2070
      flesch: 43
     summary: Taken together, SR4 169 and MR17, and probably MR3, neutralize SARS-CoV-2 by competitively blocking the For biparatopic fusion, we first identified two sybodies, namely LR1 and LR5 (Fig. 208 3A, 3B), that could bind RBD in addition to MR3 using the BLI assay. The results showed that MR3 could block ACE2 (Fig. 2G) , and SR4 167 and MR17 (Fig. 2H, 2I) , suggesting it also binds to at least part of the RBM, although 168 the possibility of allosteric inhibition remains to be investigated.
    keywords: binding; cov-2; fig; mr17; mr3; rbd; sars
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        item: #4009 of 5187
          id: cord-332150-j76726no
      author: De Stefano, Ludovico
       title: A “Window of Therapeutic Opportunity” for Anti-Cytokine Therapy in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019
        date: 2020-10-06
       words: 3623
      flesch: 9
     summary: Microorganisms Efficacy and safety of tocilizumab in severe COVID-19 patients: a singlecentre retrospective cohort study Tocilizumab Treatment for Cytokine Release Syndrome in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: Survival and Clinical Outcomes Profiling COVID-19 pneumonia progressing into the cytokine storm syndrome: Results from a single Italian Centre study on tocilizumab versus standard of care Safety and efficacy of anti-il6-receptor tocilizumab use in severe and critical patients affected by coronavirus disease 2019: A comparative analysis Early use of low dose tocilizumab in patients with COVID-19: A retrospective cohort study with a complete follow-up Tocilizumab in patients with severe COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study Tocilizumab among patients with COVID-19 in the intensive care unit: a multicentre observational study Interleukin-6 blockade with sarilumab in severe COVID-19 pneumonia with systemic hyperinflammation: an open-label cohort study Interleukin-1 blockade with high-dose anakinra in patients with COVID-19, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and hyperinflammation: a retrospective cohort study Anakinra for severe forms of COVID-19: a cohort study Beneficial impact of Baricitinib in COVID-19 moderate pneumonia; multicentre study Efficacy Evaluation of Early, Low-Dose, Short-Term Corticosteroids in Adults Hospitalized with Non-Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Retrospective Cohort Study Effect of Systemic Glucocorticoids on Mortality or Mechanical Ventilation in Patients With COVID-19 Factors associated with COVID-19-related death using OpenSAFELY The role of host genetics in the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 susceptibility and severity Mannose-binding lectin in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Viral and host factors related to the clinical outcome of COVID-19 Hypothesis for potential pathogenesis of SARSCoV-2 infection -a review of immune changes in patients with viral pneumonia COVID-19: immunopathology and its implications for therapy The Many Faces of the anti-COVID Immune Response Clinical and immunologic features in severe and moderate forms of Coronavirus Disease SARS-CoV-2 infects T lymphocytes through its spike protein-mediated membrane fusion Functional exhaustion of antiviral lymphocytes in COVID-19 patients Dysregulated type I interferon and inflammatory monocyte-macrophage responses cause lethal pneumonia in SARS-CoV-infected mice Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus.
    keywords: covid-19; cytokine; disease; patients; sars; study; syndrome; tocilizumab
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        item: #4010 of 5187
          id: cord-332153-fczf3lzc
      author: Azkur, Ahmet Kursat
       title: Immune response to SARS‐CoV‐2 and mechanisms of immunopathological changes in COVID‐19
        date: 2020-05-12
       words: 6190
      flesch: 41
     summary: Risk Factors Associated With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Death in Patients With Coronavirus Disease Cell-free hemoglobin: a novel mediator of acute lung injury The Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Mechanisms and Perspective Therapeutic Approaches Management of Critically Ill Adults With COVID-19 Treatment for severe acute respiratory distress syndrome from COVID-19 Treatment of 5 Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19 With Convalescent Plasma An inhaled tumor necrosis factor-alpha-derived TIP peptide improves the pulmonary function in experimental lung injury The clinical pathology of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): a report from Immunohistochemical, and Ultrastructural Findings of a Fatal Case of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection in the United Arab Emirates Autopsy in suspected COVID-19 cases Pulmonary Pathology of Early-Phase 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pneumonia in Two Patients With Lung Cancer Histopathologic Changes and SARS-CoV-2 Immunostaining in the Lung of a Patient With COVID-19 Clinical characteristics of 25 death cases with COVID-19: a retrospective review of medical records in a single medical center Liver impairment in COVID-19 patients: a retrospective analysis of 115 cases from a single center in Wuhan city Clinical characteristics of fatal and recovered cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China: a retrospective study Procalcitonin in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A meta-analysis Kidney disease is associated with in-hospital death of patients with COVID-19 Accepted Article 15 Anticoagulation therapy is recommended for COVID-19 patients, when the D- This article is protected by copyright.
    keywords: acute; article; cells; copyright; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; cytokine; disease; patients; rights; sars; storm
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        item: #4011 of 5187
          id: cord-332178-0xyrmk5a
      author: Chadchan, Sangappa B.
       title: The SARS-CoV-2 receptor, Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is required for human endometrial stromal cell decidualization
        date: 2020-06-24
       words: 2459
      flesch: 37
     summary: SUMMARY ANSWER ACE2 protein is highly expressed in human endometrial stromal cells during the secretory phase and is essential for human endometrial stromal cell decidualization. The effect of ACE2 knockdown on morphological and molecular changes of human endometrial stromal cell decidualization were assessed.
    keywords: ace2; angiotensin; cells; decidualization; expression; human; sars; stromal
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        item: #4012 of 5187
          id: cord-332179-du1zjupf
      author: Sayed, Shomoita
       title: COVID-19 and Diabetes; possible role of polymorphism and rise of telemedicine
        date: 2020-08-31
       words: 4017
      flesch: 42
     summary: A wide-range study in England recorded 1.5% deaths of T1D patients among a total of 23,804 COVID-19 deaths. There was a very conspicuous relationship between deprivation and T1D mortality indicated by 29•6% deaths in the most deprived quintile and only 10•4% deaths in the least deprived quintile among T1D patients [17] .
    keywords: ace2; angiotensin; cov-2; covid-19; diabetes; infection; patients; sars; study; t1d; type
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        item: #4013 of 5187
          id: cord-332185-a96r1k7a
      author: Zhang, Shuyuan
       title: Bat and pangolin coronavirus spike glycoprotein structures provide insights into SARS-CoV-2 evolution
        date: 2020-09-22
       words: 1234
      flesch: 44
     summary: The overall structures of homotrimeric RaTG13 and PCoV_GX spikes resemble the 107 previously reported pre-fusion structures of coronavirus spikes (Fig. 1A ). key: cord-332185-a96r1k7a authors: Zhang, Shuyuan; Qiao, Shuyuan; Yu, Jinfang; Zeng, Jianwei; Shan, Sisi; Lan, Jun; Tian, Long; Zhang, Linqi; Wang, Xinquan title: Bat and pangolin coronavirus spike glycoprotein structures provide insights into SARS-CoV-2 evolution date: 2020-09-22 journal: bioRxiv DOI: 10.1101/2020.09.21.307439 sha: doc_id: 332185 cord_uid: a96r1k7a In recognizing the host cellular receptor and mediating fusion of virus and cell membranes, the spike (S) glycoprotein of coronaviruses is the most critical viral protein for cross-species transmission and infection.
    keywords: cov-2; rbd; receptor; sars; spike
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        item: #4014 of 5187
          id: cord-332196-03cklmm3
      author: Kennedy, Amy J.
       title: Retesting for severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): Patterns of testing from a large US healthcare system
        date: 2020-08-10
       words: 1057
      flesch: 41
     summary: Among >30,000 initial tests, 485 were repeated; 259 were inpatients (53.6%) and 230 were outpatients (46.7%) at the time of initial test. 5, 6 The main limitation of this study is that testing was conducted only in individuals in whom it was clinically indicated, and only at the clinician's discretion, which limited our ability to draw conclusions about differences between test groups or to calculate a true false-negative rate.
    keywords: covid-19; sars; test; testing
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        item: #4015 of 5187
          id: cord-332207-dmxbk7ad
      author: Sastry, Sangeeta R.
       title: Universal screening for the SARS-CoV-2 virus on hospital admission in an area with low COVID-19 prevalence
        date: 2020-07-23
       words: 1209
      flesch: 37
     summary: Upon developing real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) tests in-house with >98% sensitivity, as well as increasing the availability of PPE at our institution, we initiated universal screening of patients on hospital admission using nasopharyngeal swabs to identify and isolate asymptomatic positive patients to prevent in-hospital transmission of SARS-CoV-2. An infectious diseases physician conducted chart review of asymptomatic positive patients to confirm accuracy of classification.
    keywords: asymptomatic; cov-2; patients; sars
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        item: #4016 of 5187
          id: cord-332245-yfj1kkj7
      author: None
       title: SARS-CoV-2 Infektion bei Kindern und Jugendlichen: Ein Literaturüberblick der AG Infektiologie der ÖGKJ1
        date: 2020-06-10
       words: 2343
      flesch: 49
     summary: Inwieweit sich Inkubationszeit und Erkrankungsdauer bei Kindern von denjenigen bei Erwachsenen unterscheiden, ist noch nicht ausreichend untersucht Ende April wurde in England eine Warnmeldung aufgrund vermehrter Fälle von Kindern mit einem ungewöhnlichen Inflammationssyndrom veröffentlicht.
    keywords: auch; bei; china; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; der; die; eine; ist; kindern; mit; nicht; oder; sars; sind; und; von; werden
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        item: #4017 of 5187
          id: cord-332268-x30svp5y
      author: Bearden, Donna M.
       title: COVID-19: a primer for healthcare providers
        date: 2020-05-20
       words: 3706
      flesch: 47
     summary: In fact, the use of methylprednisolone as an intervention for SARS patients was associated with a higher 30-day mortality rate [1] . A randomized, placebo-controlled study of SARS patients suggested that those given steroids early in the infection developed prolonged viremia.
    keywords: china; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; mers; novel; patients; sars; spread
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        item: #4018 of 5187
          id: cord-332271-slouuryl
      author: Baker, Jeremy D.
       title: A drug repurposing screen identifies hepatitis C antivirals as inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease
        date: 2020-08-27
       words: 2694
      flesch: 41
     summary: Infection usually resolves without active medical intervention, but for a subset of 46 cases infection can progress to viral pneumonia and a variety of complications including acute lung 47 targetable activities for COVID-19, the coronavirus Mpro seems a likely choice for rapid drug 66 To accelerate drug development we employed a drug repurposing strategy, an approach of utilizing 68 previously approved drugs for new indications 12,13 . Based upon previous successful antiviral drug development for HIV-1 and hepatitis C, the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) appears an attractive target for drug development.
    keywords: compounds; drug; mpro; protease; repurposing; sars; screen
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        item: #4019 of 5187
          id: cord-332276-gs80celr
      author: Tan, Yee‐Joo
       title: Regulation of cell death during infection by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and other coronaviruses
        date: 2007-08-20
       words: 5794
      flesch: 37
     summary: The overexpression of the 3a protein in Vero E6 (Law et al., 2005) and the overexpression of the 3b protein in both COS-7 and Vero E6 cells induce apoptosis Khan et al., 2006) . key: cord-332276-gs80celr authors: Tan, Yee‐Joo; Lim, Seng Gee; Hong, Wanjin title: Regulation of cell death during infection by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and other coronaviruses date: 2007-08-20 journal: Cell Microbiol DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2007.01034.x sha: doc_id: 332276 cord_uid: gs80celr Both apoptosis and necrosis have been observed in cells infected by various coronaviruses, suggesting that the regulation of cell death is important for viral replication and/or pathogenesis.
    keywords: apoptosis; cell; coronavirus; cov; death; et al; infection; protein; sars; syndrome; vero
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        item: #4020 of 5187
          id: cord-332278-2p64ab2z
      author: Vivas, David
       title: Recomendaciones sobre el tratamiento antitrombótico durante la pandemia COVID-19. Posicionamiento del Grupo de Trabajo de Trombosis Cardiovascular de la Sociedad Española de Cardiología
        date: 2020-06-19
       words: 3080
      flesch: 42
     summary: Furthermore, although primary angioplasty is the preferred reperfusion strategy in patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction, fibrinolysis can be considered in patients with an estimated time from diagnosis to coronary intervention of more than 120 minutes, in infected patients with poor clinical status that hinders transfer, or in those at low risk of bleeding and with symptom onset less than 3 hours previously. In addition, the situation has also greatly influenced usual care in patients not infected with COVID-19.
    keywords: cov-2; drugs; lmwh; patients; risk; sars; therapy
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        item: #4021 of 5187
          id: cord-332292-n7k4va9k
      author: Yen, Yung-Feng
       title: Olfactory disorder in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-08-20
       words: 1244
      flesch: 50
     summary: key: cord-332292-n7k4va9k authors: Yen, Yung-Feng; Lai, Hsin-Hao; Chan, Shang-Yih; Yi-Fong Su, Vincent; Chiu, Ting-Fang; Huang, Chiao-Yu; Hung, Chia-Chun; Kuo, Tzu-Ling; Lee, Ya-Ling; Chu, Dachen title: Olfactory disorder in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 date: 2020-08-20 journal: J Microbiol Immunol Infect DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2020.08.010 sha: doc_id: 332292 cord_uid: n7k4va9k Abstract Three (60%) of five patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) had olfactory disorder. According to two cross-sectional studies, the prevalence of olfactory disorder in COVID-19 patients ranged from 23.7% to 85.6%.
    keywords: covid-19; disorder; olfactory; patients
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        item: #4022 of 5187
          id: cord-332300-5osg046o
      author: Yu, Luo
       title: Catching and killing of airborne SARS-CoV-2 to control spread of COVID-19 by a heated air disinfection system
        date: 2020-07-07
       words: 2759
      flesch: 46
     summary: More importantly, Ni foam is highly porous with randomly located pores that are between 50 and 500 µm in size and that meander from one side of the foam to the other, resulting in a very large surface area that can effectively catch particles in the air passing through the filter due to van der Waals 5 forces. Therefore, Ni foam may act as a good filter for catching and killing SARS-CoV-2 or anthrax spores in air-conditioning systems.
    keywords: air; cov-2; filter; foam; sars; temperature
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        item: #4023 of 5187
          id: cord-332303-0bbw64p5
      author: Schuit, Michael
       title: Airborne SARS-CoV-2 is Rapidly Inactivated by Simulated Sunlight
        date: 2020-06-11
       words: 3602
      flesch: 43
     summary: Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi= Extensive viable Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus contamination in air and surrounding environment in MERS isolation wards Aerosol and Surface Distribution of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in Hospital Wards Aerodynamic analysis of SARS-CoV-2 in two Wuhan hospitals Quantity and size distribution of cough-generated aerosol particles produced by influenza patients during and after illness Size distribution and sites of origin of droplets expelled from the human respiratory tract during expiratory activities Detection of Air and Surface Contamination by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Hospital Rooms of Infected Patients Respiratory virus shedding in exhaled breath and efficacy of face masks Viral load of SARS-CoV-2 in clinical samples SARS-CoV-2 viral load in upper respiratory specimens of infected patients Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in different types of clinical specimens Exposure to influenza virus aerosols during routine patient care Exposure to blood-containing aerosols in the operating room: a preliminary study Aerosol and surface stability of SARS-CoV-2 as compared with SARS-CoV-1 Survival characteristics of airborne human coronavirus 229E Survival of aerosolized coronavirus in the ambient air Effect of simulated solar radiation and sodium fluorescein on the recovery of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus from aerosols The Influence of Simulated Sunlight on the Inactivation of Influenza Virus in Aerosols Stability of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) under different environmental conditions Airborne micro-organisms: survival tests with four viruses Effects of temperature, relative humidity, absolute humidity, and evaporation potential on survival of airborne Gumboro vaccine virus E2721-16 Standard Practice for Evaluation of Effectiveness of Decontamination Procedures for Surfaces When Challenged with Droplets Containing Human Pathogenic Viruses Beitrag zur kollektiven Behandlung pharmakologischer Reihenversuche. Study of Aerosols over Extended Periods of Time Factors affecting the viability of air-borne bacteria: I. Bacteria aerosolized from distilled water Resistance of aerosolized bacterial viruses to four germicidal products Effect of ultraviolet germicidal irradiation on viral aerosols The influence of relative humidity on the aerosol stability of different strains of foot-and-mouth disease virus suspended in saliva Influenza A of human, swine, equine and avian origin: comparison of survival in aerosol form The survival of filoviruses in liquids, on solid substrates and in a dynamic aerosol Decay of influenza A viruses of human and avian origin The effect of relative humidity on the survival of airborne Semliki Forest virus Influenza virus infectivity is retained in aerosols and droplets independent of relative humidity Survival of airborne MS2 bacteriophage generated from human saliva, artificial saliva, and cell culture medium
    keywords: aerosol; cov-2; humidity; p t; s c; sars; sunlight
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        item: #4024 of 5187
          id: cord-332312-od3vjuw5
      author: Pagani, G.
       title: Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG significantly varies with age: results from a mass population screening (SARS-2-SCREEN-CdA).
        date: 2020-06-24
       words: 1033
      flesch: 50
     summary: Moreover, a variable susceptibility to other 73 coronavirus such as HCoV-NL63, which also use ACE2 as cell receptor in humans, in different age 74 groups, has been also reported in different age groups [8] . https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.24.20138875 doi: medRxiv preprint Castiglione D'Adda is one of the towns earlier and more severely affected by the SARS-CoV-2 28 epidemic in Lombardy.
    keywords: license; medrxiv; preprint
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        item: #4025 of 5187
          id: cord-332348-yi85sfks
      author: Liang, Yujie
       title: Neurosensory dysfunction: a diagnostic marker of early COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-29
       words: 2751
      flesch: 52
     summary: However, no difference was noted in viral load between patients with and without neurosensory dysfunction, suggesting that the effect of viral load on the development of neurosensory dysfunction varies. key: cord-332348-yi85sfks authors: Liang, Yujie; Xu, Jiabin; Chu, Mei; Mai, Jianbo; Lai, Niangmei; Tang, Wen; Yang, Tuanjie; Zhang, Sien; Guan, Chenyu; Zhong, Fan; Yang, Liuping; Liao, Guiqing title: Neurosensory dysfunction: a diagnostic marker of early COVID-19 date: 2020-06-29 journal: Int J Infect Dis DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.06.086 sha: doc_id: 332348 cord_uid: yi85sfks Abstract Objectives To detailly described the neurosensory dysfunction, including hyposmia, hypogeusia and tinnitus, in patients with COVID-19.
    keywords: covid-19; dysfunction; load; onset; patients; study
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        item: #4026 of 5187
          id: cord-332374-cbiw6yvb
      author: Israeli, Ofir
       title: Evaluating the efficacy of RT-qPCR SARS-CoV-2 direct approaches in comparison to RNA extraction
        date: 2020-06-10
       words: 1052
      flesch: 47
     summary: COVID-19 genetic diagnostics process include RNA extraction from Oronasopharyngeal swabs followed by reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) targeting viral genes [2] . Potentially, eliminating RNA extraction would greatly simplify the diagnostic procedure, reducing both cost and time to answer, while allowing testing to continue in case of reagent shortages.
    keywords: extraction; rna; samples
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        item: #4027 of 5187
          id: cord-332404-va3rxy5p
      author: Landeros, A.
       title: An Examination of School Reopening Strategies during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic
        date: 2020-08-06
       words: 6148
      flesch: 49
     summary: The isolation rule does not apply to the out of school cohort or cohorts. As an example, although face masks have been shown to reduce the spread of SARS-CoV-2 by 40% [17] , there are valid concerns about the ill effects of mask wearing by elementary school children.
    keywords: children; cohorts; figure; infections; license; model; preprint; school; transmission
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        item: #4028 of 5187
          id: cord-332448-5fz8ef4f
      author: Mutnal, M. B.
       title: Early trends for SARS-CoV-2 infection in central and north Texas and impact on other circulating respiratory viruses
        date: 2020-05-02
       words: 2584
      flesch: 48
     summary: Study 118 includes data for SARS-CoV-2 testing from these two regions and seasonal respiratory virus testing data is 119 limited to central Texas region. We searched for 222 262 patient records that had concurrent testing requests for SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory virus 223 infections.
    keywords: cov-2; funder; medrxiv; perpetuity; preprint; sars
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        item: #4029 of 5187
          id: cord-332457-gan10za0
      author: de Ángel Solá, David E.
       title: Weathering the pandemic: How the Caribbean Basin can use viral and environmental patterns to predict, prepare and respond to COVID‐19
        date: 2020-04-10
       words: 2874
      flesch: 29
     summary: A viruses indoors and dependence on humidity Using the systematic review methodology to evaluate factors that influence the persistence of influenza virus in environmental matrices Mechanisms of inactivation of viruses and macromolecules in air. Airborne Transmission and Airborne Infection CP Significance of fomites in the spread of respiratory and enteric viral disease Transmission of influenza A in human beings Informing optimal environmental influenza interventions: how the host, agent, and environment alter dominant routes of transmission Transmission of SARS and MERS coronaviruses and influenza virus in healthcare settings: the possible role of dry surface contamination World Health Organization.
    keywords: caribbean; coronavirus; covid-19; health; influenza; pandemic; patterns; sars; temperature; transmission
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        item: #4030 of 5187
          id: cord-332458-2kwfcgz9
      author: Ji, Henry
       title: Novel decoy cellular vaccine strategy utilizing transgenic antigen-expressing cells as immune presenter and adjuvant in vaccine prototype against SARS-CoV-2 virus
        date: 2020-03-25
       words: 1102
      flesch: 24
     summary: Cancer vaccine treatments utilizing lethally irradiated K562 cells expressing granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) (GM-K562) have been previously demonstrated to be well tolerated in human clinical trials [3, 4] . Properties of the K562 cell line, derived from a patient with chronic myeloid leukemia Protection against natural killer cells by interferon-gamma treatment of K562 cells cannot be explained by augmented major histocompatibility complex class I expression The role of Th17 and Treg responses in the pathogenesis of RSV infection Correction: immunization with SARS coronavirus vaccines leads to pulmonary immunopathology on challenge with the SARS virus Cancer therapy trial.
    keywords: cells; sars; vaccine
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        item: #4031 of 5187
          id: cord-332469-zegawla5
      author: Li, Wei
       title: The characteristics of household transmission of COVID-19
        date: 2020-04-17
       words: 2514
      flesch: 55
     summary: Ages of household contacts and spouse relationship with index case are risk factors for transmission of SARS-CoV-2 within household. The median of interval time, from symptomatic onset of index cases to symptomatic onset of household contacts, was 6 days (25th to 75th percentile, 4 to 10).
    keywords: household; patients; sars
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        item: #4032 of 5187
          id: cord-332480-3uodkrkp
      author: Bonam, Srinivasa Reddy
       title: Adjunct immunotherapies for the management of severely ill COVID-19 patients
        date: 2020-04-30
       words: 5451
      flesch: 35
     summary: 12, 13 Plasma obtained from COVID-19 patients, in particular moribund patients, demonstrated increased concentrations of various inflammation-related cytokines and chemokines implicated in the recruitment of immune cells including interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-2, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-9, IL-17, granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), granulocytemacrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interferon (IFN)-γ, C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10), chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), CCL3 and CCL4. 1, 14, 15 In addition, COVID-19 patients showed relatively increased neutrophil counts in the blood.
    keywords: antibody; cells; cov-2; covid-19; disease; patients; plasma; sars; syndrome; therapy; treatment; viral
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        item: #4033 of 5187
          id: cord-332510-x3znuwc0
      author: Freire-Álvarez, Eric
       title: COVID-19-associated encephalitis successfully treated with combination therapy
        date: 2020-11-01
       words: 1908
      flesch: 30
     summary: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection causes neuronal death in the absence of encephalitis in mice transgenic for human ACE2 Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus causes multiple organ damage and lethal disease in mice transgenic for human dipeptidyl peptidase 4 Detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in the brain: potential role of the chemokine mig in pathogenesis COVID-19: consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression The cytokine release syndrome (CRS) of severe COVID-19 and interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) antagonist tocilizumab may be the key to reduce the mortality A first case of meningitis/encephalitis associated with SARS-Coronavirus-2 COVID-19-associated acute hemorrhagic necrotizing encephalopathy: CT and MRI features Neurological manifestations of influenza infection in children and adults: results of a National British Surveillance Study Encephalitis after influenza and vaccination: a nationwide population-based registry study from Norway Neurological and neuropsychiatric complications of COVID-19 in 153 patients: a UK-wide surveillance study Neurologic manifestations in 1760 COVID-19 patients admitted to Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: current knowledge and open questions Severe neurologic syndrome associated with Middle East respiratory syndrome corona virus (MERS-CoV) Multiple organ infection and the pathogenesis of SARS Based on clinical characteristics, CSF data and neuroimaging, the diagnosis of encephalitis was established in five patients, among whom one was herpes simplex virus 1-related, one necrotizing encephalitis, and two patients had SARS CoV-2 detected in CSF by RT-PCR.
    keywords: acute; brain; covid-19; encephalitis; sars
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        item: #4034 of 5187
          id: cord-332522-adul9nzf
      author: Wu, Qingfa
       title: Development of Taqman RT-nested PCR system for clinical SARS-CoV detection
        date: 2004-04-02
       words: 2815
      flesch: 57
     summary: To compare the reverse transcribed efficiency of random primer versus specific primer, seven sets of nested primers covering each known gene were chosen for testing. In this study, 12 sets of nested primers covering the SARS-CoV genome have been screened and showed sufficient sensitivity to detect SARS-CoV in RNA isolated from virus cultured in Vero 6 cells.
    keywords: cov; pcr; primer; rna; sars
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        item: #4035 of 5187
          id: cord-332537-rtdu4jae
      author: Tong, Tommy R.
       title: Airborne Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus and Its Implications
        date: 2005-05-01
       words: 1163
      flesch: 39
     summary: Transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome on aircraft Evidence of airborne transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome virus Detection of airborne severe acute respiratory system (SARS) coronavirus and environmental contamination in SARS outbreak units Airborne transmission of communicable infection-the elusive pathway Detection of varicellazoster virus DNA in air samples from hospital rooms A school outbreak of Norwalk-like virus: evidence for airborne transmission Airborne dispersal as a novel transmission route of coagulase-negative staphylococci: interaction between coagulase-negative staphylococci and rhinovirus infection Experimental airborne transmission of PRRS virus Laboratory-acquired SARS raises worries on biosafety World Health Organization. Because none of the SARS-CoV cultures were found to be positive and host infection was not involved, the authors rightly avoided drawing a conclusion of airborne transmission of SARS-CoV. Definitive proof of transmission will need to come from experiments similar to those performed by Riley et al.
    keywords: air; cov; sars; transmission
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        item: #4036 of 5187
          id: cord-332539-v1bfm57x
      author: Gohl, Daryl M.
       title: A Rapid, Cost-Effective Tailed Amplicon Method for Sequencing SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-05-11
       words: 5055
      flesch: 46
     summary: The tailed amplicon approach, developed here, enriches first strand cDNA using ARTIC v3 primers containing adapter tails. We thank Sean Wang and Matt Plumb from the Minnesota Department of Heath for helpful discussions and for sharing ARTIC v3 primers.
    keywords: amplicon; artic; cov-2; coverage; figure; read; samples; sars; sequencing
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        item: #4037 of 5187
          id: cord-332555-jfqlkd72
      author: Du, Hengzhi
       title: The potential effects of DPP‐4 inhibitors on cardiovascular system in COVID‐19 patients
        date: 2020-07-26
       words: 1418
      flesch: 29
     summary: Meanwhile, DPP-4 inhibitors could inhibit the over-activated inflammatory caused by SARS-CoV-2 and thus improve cardiovascular function. Moreover, more clinical and laboratory evidence about the effects of DPP-4 inhibitors on COVID is urgently needed.
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; covid-19; human; sars
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        item: #4038 of 5187
          id: cord-332557-qm3qfvry
      author: Lau, Susanna K.P.
       title: SARS Coronavirus Detection Methods
        date: 2005-07-17
       words: 1389
      flesch: 43
     summary: A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Clinical progression and viral load in a community outbreak of coronavirus-associated SARS pneumonia -a prospective study The severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Detection of specific antibodies to SARS coronavirus nucleocapsid protein for serodiagnosis of SARS coronavirus pneumonia Longitudinal profile of immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgM, and IgA antibodies against SARS coronavirus nucleocapsid protein in patients with pneumonia due to the SARS coronavirus Relative rates of non-pneumonic SARS coronavirus infection and SARS coronavirus pneumonia Isolation and characterization of viruses related to the SARS coronavirus from animals in southern China Rapid diagnosis of a coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Sensitive and specific monoclonal antibody-based capture enzyme immunoassay for detection of nucleocapsid antigen in sera from patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Detection of SARS coronavirus nucleocapsid protein in SARS patients by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Early diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus infection in children less than 6 months of age: comparison of polymerase chain reaction, culture, and plasma antigen capture techniques Sensitivity of HCV core antigen and HCV RNA detection in the early infection phase Detection of SARS coronavirus in patients with suspected SARS Fecal specimens (n = 40, from 40 patients 1-27 days after symptom onset) and urine specimens (n = 133, from 101 patients 2-57 days after symptom onset) were collected from SARS patients hospitalized in Hong Kong from March to May 2003.
    keywords: antibody; sars; specimens
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        item: #4039 of 5187
          id: cord-332592-bfqsyiyf
      author: Goette, Andreas
       title: COVID-19-Induced Cytokine Release Syndrome Associated with Pulmonary Vein Thromboses, Atrial Cardiomyopathy, and Arterial Intima Inflammation
        date: 2020-09-26
       words: 3547
      flesch: 33
     summary: A report of COVID-19 patients in China found elevated plasma concentrations of inflammatory markers in particular in patients with severe infections. Current concepts in the diagnosis and management of cytokine release syndrome Cytokine release from human peripheral blood leucocytes incubated with endotoxin with and without prior infection with influenza virus: relevance to the sudden infant death syndrome Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection triggers HMGB1 release to promote inflammatory cytokine production COVID-19: a new virus, but a familiar receptor and cytokine release syndrome Cytokine release syndrome in severe COVID-19 Cytokine release syndrome in severe COVID-19: interleukin-6 receptor antagonist tocilizumab may be the key to reduce mortality Postmortem examination of patients with COVID-19 ECMO for ARDS due to COVID-19 The ABO blood group locus and a chromosome 3 gene cluster associate with SARS CoV-2 respiratory failure in an Italian-Spanish genome-wide association analysis Coagulation disorders in coronavirus infected patients: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV and lessons from the past The procoagulant pattern of patients with COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome Activated clotting factor X mediates mitochondrial alterations and inflammatory responses via protease-activated receptor signaling in alveolar epithelial cells Will complement inhibition be the new target in treating COVID-19-related systemic thrombosis?
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; fig; patients; present; pulmonary; sars; syndrome
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        item: #4040 of 5187
          id: cord-332595-874tpi09
      author: Salehi, Najmeh
       title: Profiling of Initial Available SARS-CoV-2 Sequences from Iranian Related COVID-19 Patients
        date: 2020-09-08
       words: 1803
      flesch: 50
     summary: The bioinformatics analysis showed 44 different nucleotide mutations that caused 26 nonsynonymous mutations in protein sequences with regard to the reference full genome of the SARS-CoV-2 sequence (NC_045512.2). As it can be seen in the Table S1 , these sequences totally revealed 44 different nucleotide mutations that have made 26 nonsynonymous mutations in protein sequences (Table.
    keywords: genome; mutations; protein; sars; sequences
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        item: #4041 of 5187
          id: cord-332610-t99l3zii
      author: Mayer, J.D.
       title: Emerging Diseases: Overview
        date: 2008-08-26
       words: 9597
      flesch: 50
     summary: However, it is impossible to say when the terms 'emerging infection' or 'emerging infectious diseases' were first used to describe new infectious diseases, or diseases that meet the criteria that are described in this article. In discussions of emergence, both 'emerging infections' and 'emerging infectious diseases' are commonly found.
    keywords: aids; cases; diseases; fever; health; hiv; infections; influenza; new; outbreak; people; public; sars; spread; states; syndrome; united
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        item: #4042 of 5187
          id: cord-332654-nav15g8k
      author: Paniri, Alireza
       title: Molecular effects and retinopathy induced by hydroxychloroquine during SARS-CoV-2 therapy: Role of CYP450 isoforms and epigenetic modulations
        date: 2020-08-04
       words: 5722
      flesch: 30
     summary: Moreover, HCQ impedes S protein cleavage which is a key point for cell fusion of SARS-CoV-2 by increasing lysosomal pH levels, and inhibiting its proteases (Gautret et al., 2020; Millet & Whittaker, 2015; Vincent et al., 2005; Yao et al., 2020) . Also, HCQ could inhibit the innate immunity by binding to TLR ligands including DNA and single strand RNA (ssRNA) which interact with TLR9 and TLR7, respectively (Schrezenmeier & Dörner, 2020; Thwaites et al., 2014) .
    keywords: cells; cov-2; drug; effects; et al; expression; hcq; hydroxychloroquine; patients; sars; study; treatment
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        item: #4043 of 5187
          id: cord-332672-fbwz8oxp
      author: Wang, Manli
       title: Bats as animal reservoirs for the SARS coronavirus: Hypothesis proved after 10 years of virus hunting
        date: 2013-10-30
       words: 1116
      flesch: 50
     summary: After 10 years virus hunting, Ge et al. are now able to fill in important 316 missing links associated with SARS origin and epidemic (Fig. 1) . These bat isolates are more genetically diverse and share an overall nucleotide identity of 88% to 92% to the SARS-CoVs from humans or civets, resulting in the hypothesis that bats may be the natural hosts of SARS-CoV. However, there are still some missing links between previously characterized SL-CoVs from bats and SARS-CoV that precipitated the 2002-3 outbreaks.
    keywords: cov; sars
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        item: #4044 of 5187
          id: cord-332680-zfn81hew
      author: Chan, Chieh-Kai
       title: Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Inhibitors and Risks of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
        date: 2020-09-10
       words: 4305
      flesch: 38
     summary: The following variables were extracted: author, journal, publication year, study design, geographic location, participants' details (number, study population, age, sex, and comorbidities, including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, heart failure, and chronic kidney disease), use of antihypertensive drugs, such as ACE inhibitors, ARBs, calcium-channel blockers, beta-blockers, diuretics, outcomes (including positive SARS-CoV-2 test results and disease prognosis/severity, if available). Age has consistently been reported to be a common risk attributing to COVID-19 infection and its related mortality.
    keywords: ace; arbs; cov-2; covid-19; infection; inhibitors; risk; sars; studies
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        item: #4045 of 5187
          id: cord-332716-1d89j7jh
      author: Choi, Marcelo
       title: El SRAA y el SARS-CoV-2: el acertijo a resolver
        date: 2020-05-27
       words: 3340
      flesch: 38
     summary: En términos de beneficios en la evolución de la enfermedad por COVID-19, el estudio de Mehra MR y cols. Existe un gran interés en dilucidar la función de ECA2 en la enfermedad cardiovascular, tanto el de la enzima transmembrana como también el de la forma soluble.
    keywords: ang; angiotensin; con; converting; covid-19; del; eca2; enzyme; los; niveles; por; proteína; que; receptor; sars; una
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        item: #4046 of 5187
          id: cord-332723-rz1iilsv
      author: Creager, Hannah M.
       title: Clinical evaluation of the BioFire® Respiratory Panel 2.1 and detection of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-07-06
       words: 1479
      flesch: 40
     summary: key: cord-332723-rz1iilsv authors: Creager, Hannah M.; Cabrera, Barbara; Schnaubelt, Andy; Cox, Jesse L.; Cushman-Vokoun, Allison M.; Shakir, Salika M.; Tardif, Keith D.; Huang, Meei-Li; Jerome, Keith R.; Greninger, Alexander L.; Drobysheva, Daria; Spaulding, Usha; Rogatcheva, Margarita; Bourzac, Kevin M.; Hinrichs, S.H.; Broadhurst, M.J.; Fey, P.D. title: Clinical evaluation of the BioFire® Respiratory Panel 2.1 and detection of SARS-CoV-2 date: 2020-07-06 journal: J Clin Virol DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104538 sha: doc_id: 332723 cord_uid: rz1iilsv We evaluated the performance of the BioFire® Respiratory Panel 2.1 (RP2.1) in the detection of SARS CoV-2 in comparison against three other SARS CoV-2 EUA assays. Since 30% of nasopharyngeal swab specimens have a SARS CoV-2 Ct >30 and thus detection of virus in low titers is clinically relevant, a sample with a high titer was diluted and each 10 fold dilution was tested in triplicate and compared against 6 other EUA approved SARS CoV-2 assays.
    keywords: biofire; cov-2; detection; sars; specimens
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        item: #4047 of 5187
          id: cord-332778-rf47ptj6
      author: Vivarelli, Silvia
       title: Cancer Management during COVID-19 Pandemic: Is Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors-Based Immunotherapy Harmful or Beneficial?
        date: 2020-08-10
       words: 7465
      flesch: 40
     summary: key: cord-332778-rf47ptj6 authors: Vivarelli, Silvia; Falzone, Luca; Grillo, Caterina Maria; Scandurra, Giuseppa; Torino, Francesco; Libra, Massimo title: Cancer Management during COVID-19 Pandemic: Is Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors-Based Immunotherapy Harmful or Beneficial? date: 2020-08-10 journal: Cancers (Basel) DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082237 sha: doc_id: 332778 cord_uid: rf47ptj6 The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is currently representing a global health threat especially for fragile individuals, such as cancer patients. It was demonstrated that cancer patients have an increased risk of developing a worse symptomatology upon severe acute respiratory syndrome associated coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, often leading to hospitalization and intensive care.
    keywords: cancer; cancer patients; cov-2; covid-19; icis; immune; infection; pandemic; patients; sars; study
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        item: #4048 of 5187
          id: cord-332820-6qx6svs5
      author: Buck, M. D.
       title: Standard operating procedures for SARS-CoV-2 detection by a clinical diagnostic RT-LAMP assay
        date: 2020-07-01
       words: 4099
      flesch: 46
     summary: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.29.20142430 doi: medRxiv preprint A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Laboratory testing of SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV): Current status, challenges, and countermeasures Scalable and Resilient SARS-CoV-2 testing in an Academic Centre Loop-mediated isothermal amplification of DNA Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP): a rapid, accurate, and cost-effective diagnostic method for infectious diseases Rapid and simple colorimetric detection of multiple influenza viruses infecting humans using a reverse transcriptional loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) diagnostic platform Rapid Detection of Zika Virus in Urine Samples and Infected Mosquitos by Reverse Transcription-Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification SARS-CoV-2 Detection Using an Isothermal Amplification Reaction and a Rapid, Inexpensive Protocol for Sample Inactivation and Purification Shotgun Transcriptome and Isothermal Profiling of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Reveals Unique Host Responses, Viral Diversification, and Drug Interactions Development of Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assays Targeting Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Methods of inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 for downstream biological assays Enhancing Colorimetric LAMP Amplification Speed and Sensitivity with Guanidine Chloride No reuse allowed without permission. As such, the standard operating procedure (SOP) developed here is ready to be deployed for diagnostic testing of SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: author; funder; lamp; license; medrxiv; peer; perpetuity; preprint
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        item: #4049 of 5187
          id: cord-332827-gll4nqdd
      author: Peixe, Paula
       title: Hepatology in the COVID Era: Another C Virus, again Challenging the Liver
        date: 2020-04-30
       words: 3993
      flesch: 48
     summary: Another concern is for patients with liver disease (either advanced or decompensated), namely, the use of drugs used off-label which have not been studied for use for the current indication or in fragile populations such as liver patients. However, COVID-19 may indeed be more severe in liver patients.
    keywords: cases; coronavirus; cov2; covid-19; disease; infection; liver; patients; risk; sars
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        item: #4050 of 5187
          id: cord-332832-kjppd6uz
      author: Ward, B. J.
       title: Phase 1 trial of a Candidate Recombinant Virus-Like Particle Vaccine for Covid-19 Disease Produced in Plants
        date: 2020-11-06
       words: 7057
      flesch: 53
     summary: 300 There was no consistent impact of CoVLP dose level on safety outcomes in any group. Secondary endpoints were anti-spike antibody responses by ELISA and neutralizing antibodies measured by live virus plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) assay at Days 0, 21 and 42 and immunogenicity with additional safety and immunogenicity endpoints planned for 6-months following the last vaccination.
    keywords: author; copyright; dose; funder; holder; license; medrxiv; medrxiv preprint; november; peer; perpetuity; preprint; version
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        item: #4051 of 5187
          id: cord-332948-h297ukuu
      author: Olotu, Fisayo A.
       title: Leaving no stone unturned: Allosteric targeting of SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein at putative druggable sites disrupts human angiotensin-converting enzyme interactions at the receptor binding domain.
        date: 2020-10-16
       words: 5186
      flesch: 42
     summary: Assessment of Binding Site Prediction Methods and a Protocol for Validation of Predicted Binding Sites Identifying and characterizing binding sites and assessing druggability Fpocket: An open source platform for ligand pocket detection PrankWeb: a web server for ligand binding site prediction and visualization New method for fast and accurate binding-site identification and analysis Therapeutic target-site variability in α 1-antitrypsin characterized at high J o u r n a l P r e The N protein makes up the nucleocapsid and other viral genome-related processes 21 while the M protein is the most abundant of the four, playing major roles in maintaining viral structural integrity as well as coordinating other structural proteins.
    keywords: allosteric; binding; coronavirus; cov; entry; hace2; host; human; protein; rbd; sars; sites
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        item: #4052 of 5187
          id: cord-332962-8y3t0r2d
      author: Xu, Xi
       title: Imaging and clinical features of patients with 2019 novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-02-28
       words: 2444
      flesch: 46
     summary: Infected patients predominantly presented with fever, cough, and radiological ground glass lung opacities, which resemble SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV infections [5] . Infected patients predominantly presented with fever and cough.
    keywords: chest; ground; imaging; patients; sars
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        item: #4053 of 5187
          id: cord-332970-atwz3rgf
      author: Gentile, Pietro
       title: Adipose Stem Cells (ASCs) and Stromal Vascular Fraction (SVF) as a Potential Therapy in Combating (COVID-19)-Disease
        date: 2020-05-09
       words: 2641
      flesch: 46
     summary: Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell yield and growth characteristics are affected by the tissue-harvesting procedure A comparative translational study: the combined use of enhanced stromal vascular fraction and platelet-rich plasma improves fat grafting maintenance in breast reconstruction Breast Reconstruction with Enhanced Stromal Vascular Fraction Fat Grafting: What Is the Best Method? Engineered Fat Graft Enhanced with Adipose-Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction Cells for Regenerative Medicine: Clinical, Histological and Instrumental Evaluation in Breast Reconstruction Concise Review: Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (ASCs) and Adipocyte-Secreted Exosomal microRNA (A-SE-miR) Modulate Cancer Growth and promote Wound Repair Leptin, adipocytes and breast cancer: Focus on inflammation and anti-tumor immunity Adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction cells and platelet-rich plasma: basic and clinical evaluation for cell-based therapies in patients with scars on the face Impact of the Different Preparation Methods to Obtain Human Adipose-Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction Cells (AD-SVFs) and Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (AD-MSCs): Enzymatic Digestion Versus Mechanical Centrifugation Comparing mesenchymal stromal cells from different human tissues: Bone marrow, adipose tissue and umbilical cord blood Functional studies of mesenchymal stem cells derived from adult human adipose tissue Survival after mesenchymal stromal cell therapy in steroid-refractory acute graft-versus-host disease: systematic review and meta-analysis CT-04 Safety and efficacy of allogeneic umbilical cordderived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: results of an openlabel phase I study Application of enhanced stromal vascular fraction and fat grafting mixed with PRP in post-traumatic lower extremity ulcers Autologous stem cells (adipose) and fibrin glue used to treat widespread traumatic calvarial defects: case report Fat graft supplemented with adipose-derived stromal cells in the rehabilitation of patients with craniofacial microsomia Clinical treatment of radiotherapy tissue damage by lipoaspirate transplant: a healing process mediated by adiposederived adult stem cells Prospective trial of adipose-derived regenerative cell (ADRC)-enriched fat grafting for partial mastectomy defects: the RESTORE-2 trial Covid-19 -Navigating the uncharted A higher quantity of stem cells was observed in adipose tissue compared to bone marrow [22] .
    keywords: adipose; ascs; cells; fat; mscs; stem; tissue
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        item: #4054 of 5187
          id: cord-332992-8rmqg4rf
      author: de Vries, A. A. F.
       title: SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19: a primer for cardiologists
        date: 2020-07-15
       words: 9215
      flesch: 31
     summary: Front Public Health Trained immunity: a tool for reducing susceptibility to and the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection Complement as a target in COVID-19? COVID-19: immunopathology and its implications for therapy Immune-inflammatoryparameters in COVID-19 cases: a systematic review and meta-analysis AntibodyresponsestoSARS-CoV-2 in patients with COVID-19 IgA-Ab response to spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 in patients with COVID-19: a longitudinal study Targets of T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus in humans with COVID-19 disease and unexposed individuals Detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral and cellular immunity in COVID-19 convalescent individuals Diagnostic testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2: a narrative review Towards effective diagnostic assays for COVID-19: a review Coronavirus pandemic-therapy and vaccines Vaccines for SARS-CoV-2: lessons from other coronavirus strains AreviewofSARS-CoV-2 and the ongoing clinical trials Early death after feline infectious peritonitis virus challenge due to recombinant vaccinia virus immunization The challenges of vaccine development against a new virus during a pandemic The current and future state of vaccines, antivirals and gene therapies against emerging coronaviruses A systematic review of antibody mediated immunity to coronaviruses: antibody kinetics, correlates of protection, and association of antibody responses with severity of disease COVID-19: Transmission, prevention, and potential therapeutic opportunities Renin-angiotensin system inhibition in COVID-19 patients A systematic review on use of aminoquinolines for the therapeutic management of COVID-19: efficacy, safety and clinical trials The possible mechanisms of action of 4-aminoquinolines (chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine) against SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19): a role for iron homeostasis? Based on previous research on SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV and various animal models of virus-induced acute lung injury as well as haematological and biochemical laboratory findings in COVID-19 patients, the following scenarios can be envisioned [33, 34, 48, 49] .
    keywords: antibody; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; human; immune; infection; injury; onset; particles; patients; protein; rna; sars; transmission; vaccines; viral; virus
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        item: #4055 of 5187
          id: cord-333018-2h8y118z
      author: Sun, Xingxing
       title: Safety Considerations for Neuraxial Anaesthesia in Parturients with COVID-19
        date: 2020-05-14
       words: 649
      flesch: 28
     summary: [2] [3] [4] [5] Other than the general benefits offered by neuraxial anaesthesia over general anaesthesia, an additional advantage of neuraxial anaesthesia for Caesarean delivery in parturients with COVID-19 is avoidance of airway manipulation and patient coughing during intubation and extubation, thus reducing the risk of aerosol generation and dispersion of viral particles. In total, 31 parturients (86%) received neuraxial anaesthesia and 5 (14%) received general anaesthesia.
    keywords: anaesthesia; covid-19
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        item: #4056 of 5187
          id: cord-333041-69n2wwn3
      author: Pal, Anandita
       title: Obesity-Driven Deficiencies of Specialized Pro-resolving Mediators May Drive Adverse Outcomes During SARS-CoV-2 Infection
        date: 2020-08-11
       words: 4418
      flesch: 32
     summary: medRxiv Critical care for severe COVID-19: a population-based study from a province with low casefatality rate in china Obesity impairs the adaptive immune response to influenza virus Resolvins in inflammation: emergence of the pro-resolving superfamily of mediators New pro-resolving n-3 mediators bridge resolution of infectious inflammation to tissue regeneration Specialized pro-resolving mediators: endogenous regulators of infection and inflammation Lipidomic profiling of influenza infection identifies mediators that induce and resolve inflammation The lipid mediator protectin D1 inhibits influenza virus replication and improves severe influenza Role of omega-3 PUFA-derived mediators, the protectins, in influenza virus infection The specialized proresolving mediator 17-HDHA enhances the antibody-mediated immune response against influenza virus: a new class of adjuvant? B cell activity is impaired in human and mouse obesity and is responsive to an essential fatty acid upon murine influenza infection n-3 PUFAs enhance the frequency of murine B-cell subsets and restore the impairment of antibody production to a T-independent antigen in obesity Lipoxin B4 enhances human memory b cell antibody production via upregulating cyclooxygenase-2 expression Frontline science: aspirin-triggered resolvin D1 controls herpes simplex virus-induced corneal immunopathology Infection regulates pro-resolving mediators that lower antibiotic requirements Aspirin-triggered resolvin D1 is produced during self-resolving gramnegative bacterial pneumonia and regulates host immune responses for the resolution of lung inflammation Resolvin D1 decreases adipose tissue macrophage accumulation and improves insulin sensitivity in obese-diabetic mice Risk of COVID-19 for patients with obesity Exacerbated Staphylococcus aureus foot infections in obese/diabetic mice are associated with impaired germinal center reactions, Ig class switching, and humoral immunity Obesity-Induced changes in T-cell metabolism are associated with impaired memory T-cell response to influenza and are not reversed with weight loss Proresolving lipid mediators resolvin D1, resolvin D2, and maresin 1 are critical in modulating T cell responses Signaling and immunoresolving actions of resolvin D1 in inflamed human visceral adipose tissue Leukocytes from obese individuals exhibit an impaired SPM signature Resolvin D1 and resolvin D2 govern Local inflammatory tone in obese fat Frontline Science: A reduction in DHA-derived mediators in male obesity contributes toward defects in select B cell subsets and circulating antibody Resolvin E1 derived from eicosapentaenoic acid prevents hyperinsulinemia hyperglycemia in a host genetic manner Alteration of adipose tissue immune cell milieu towards the suppression of inflammation in high fat diet fed mice by flaxseed oil supplementation Resolvin RvD2 reduces hypothalamic inflammation and rescues mice from diet-induced obesity Impaired local production of proresolving lipid mediators in obesity and 17-HDHA as a potential treatment for obesity-associated inflammation Reduction of high-fat diet-induced liver proinflammatory state by eicosapentaenoic acid plus hydroxytyrosol supplementation: involvement of resolvins RvE1/2 and RvD1/2 Proresolution therapy for the treatment of delayed healing of diabetic wounds Decreased plasma maresin 1 concentration is associated with diabetic foot ulcer Effect of weight loss on neutrophil resolvins in the metabolic syndrome Obesity-induced insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis are alleviated by ω-3 fatty acids: a role for resolvins and protectins Gender differences in the longchain polyunsaturated fatty acid status: systematic review of 51 publications Accelerated resolution of inflammation underlies sex differences in inflammatory responses in humans Gender differences in patients with COVID-19: focus on severity and mortality Maresin 1 improves insulin sensitivity and attenuates adipose tissue inflammation in ob/ob and diet-induced obese mice Can atmospheric pollution be considered a co-factor in extremely high level of SARS-CoV-2 lethality in Northern Italy? Exposure to air pollution and COVID-19 mortality in the United States: A nationwide cross-sectional study. Similarly, administration of dietary DHA ethyl esters, the parent compound of DHA-derived SPMs, also boost antibody levels of obese mice (19, 20) .
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; dha; infection; inflammation; mice; obese; obesity; sars; spms
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        item: #4057 of 5187
          id: cord-333042-icgsbelo
      author: Fisher, Kiva A.
       title: Community and Close Contact Exposures Associated with COVID-19 Among Symptomatic Adults ≥18 Years in 11 Outpatient Health Care Facilities — United States, July 2020
        date: 2020-09-11
       words: 3408
      flesch: 39
     summary: key: cord-333042-icgsbelo authors: Fisher, Kiva A.; Tenforde, Mark W.; Feldstein, Leora R.; Lindsell, Christopher J.; Shapiro, Nathan I.; Files, D. Clark; Gibbs, Kevin W.; Erickson, Heidi L.; Prekker, Matthew E.; Steingrub, Jay S.; Exline, Matthew C.; Henning, Daniel J.; Wilson, Jennifer G.; Brown, Samuel M.; Peltan, Ithan D.; Rice, Todd W.; Hager, David N.; Ginde, Adit A.; Talbot, H. Keipp; Casey, Jonathan D.; Grijalva, Carlos G.; Flannery, Brendan; Patel, Manish M.; Self, Wesley H.; Hart, Kimberly W.; McClellan, Robert; Tan, Hsi-nien; Baughman, Adrienne; Hennesy, Nora A.; Grear, Brittany; Wu, Michael; Mlynarczyk, Kristin; Marzano, Luc; Plata, Zuwena; Caplan, Alexis; Olson, Samantha M.; Ogokeh, Constance E.; Smith, Emily R.; Kim, Sara S.; Griggs, Eric P.; Richards, Bridget; Robinson, Sonya; Kim, Kaylee; Kassem, Ahmed M.; Sciarratta, Courtney N.; Marcet, Paula L. title: Community and Close Contact Exposures Associated with COVID-19 Among Symptomatic Adults ≥18 Years in 11 Outpatient Health Care Facilities — United States, July 2020 date: 2020-09-11 journal: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6936a5 sha: doc_id: 333042 cord_uid: icgsbelo Community and close contact exposures continue to drive the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. To assess community and close contact exposures associated with COVID-19, exposures reported by case-patients (154) were compared with exposures reported by control-participants (160).
    keywords: case; cov-2; covid-19; exposures; participants; patients; sars
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        item: #4058 of 5187
          id: cord-333080-qytwbsne
      author: Alahari, Suresh K.
       title: SARS-CoV infection crosstalk with human host cell noncoding-RNA machinery: An in-silico approach
        date: 2020-07-28
       words: 2246
      flesch: 43
     summary: Also, significant GO categories for overlapped genes using the threshold of P < 0.05 and FDR < 0.05 showed meaningful predicted changes in enriched GO functions of the genes involved in interaction network, including those controlling the transforming growth factor-beta, transforming growth factor-beta receptor cytoplasmic mediator activity, and cellular response to endogenous stimulus. The COVID-19 pandemic in the US: a clinical update Regulation of microRNA biogenesis and its crosstalk with other cellular pathways Long noncoding RNAs and exosomal lncRNAs: classification, and mechanisms in breast cancer metastasis and drug resistance Non-coding RNAs in human disease Functional Interplay between RNA Viruses and Non-Coding RNA in Mammals Viral perturbations of host networks reflect disease etiology Exploring the SARS-CoV-2 virus-host-drug interactome for drug repurposing STRING:
    keywords: cov; host; protein; sars
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        item: #4059 of 5187
          id: cord-333089-ufyzqgqk
      author: Aguilar-Pineda, Jorge Alberto
       title: Structural and functional analysis of female sex hormones against SARS-Cov2 cell entry
        date: 2020-07-29
       words: 6978
      flesch: 45
     summary: Our findings that estrogens interfere with S protein and ACE2 interactions in silico that is associated with reduced S protein uptake in an in vitro model of SARS-CoV-2 infectivity in cultured human endothelial cells are consistent with prior studies demonstrating that estrogens have antiviral properties against HIV, Ebola and hepatitis viruses 33 . We then examined the ability of estrogen molecules to interfere with S protein uptake into pulmonary epithelial cells using an in vivo model of SARS-CoV2 infectivity.
    keywords: 17β; ace2; cells; cov-2; diol; entry; equol; estrogen; figure; glycan; interactions; molecules; protein; rbd; receptor; residues; sars
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        item: #4060 of 5187
          id: cord-333092-78vo7i6v
      author: Taksande, Amar
       title: Myocardial dysfunction in SARS-CoV-2 infection in infants under 1 year of age
        date: 2020-08-11
       words: 476
      flesch: 51
     summary: SARS-CoV-2 infection in infants under 1 year of age in Wuhan City Prevalence of malnutrition and analysis of related factors in elderly patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China Cardiac imaging in congenital heart disease during the coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic: recommendations from the Working Group on Congenital Heart Disease of the Italian Society of Cardiology Detection of serum procalcitonin and hypersensitive C-reactive protein in patients with pneumonia and sepsis key: cord-333092-78vo7i6v authors: Taksande, Amar title: Myocardial dysfunction in SARS-CoV-2 infection in infants under 1 year of age date: 2020-08-11 journal:
    keywords: infants
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        item: #4061 of 5187
          id: cord-333099-hy4nmy7l
      author: Thoms, Matthias
       title: Structural basis for translational shutdown and immune evasion by the Nsp1 protein of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-07-17
       words: 3473
      flesch: 41
     summary: Recent insights into emerging coronaviruses Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Human coronaviruses: A review of virus-host interactions A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin The molecular biology of coronaviruses Suppression of host gene expression by nsp1 proteins of group 2 bat coronaviruses Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus nsp1 suppresses host gene expression, including that of type I interferon, in infected cells Alphacoronavirus transmissible gastroenteritis virus nsp1 protein suppresses protein translation in mammalian cells and in cell-free HeLa cell extracts but not in rabbit reticulocyte lysate Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus protein nsp1 is a novel eukaryotic translation inhibitor that represses multiple steps of translation initiation A two-pronged strategy to suppress host protein synthesis by SARS coronavirus Nsp1 protein SARS coronavirus nsp1 protein induces template-dependent endonucleolytic cleavage of mRNAs: Viral mRNAs are resistant to nsp1-induced RNA cleavage Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus evades antiviral signaling: Role of nsp1 and rational design of an attenuated strain Analysis of therapeutic targets for SARS-CoV-2 and discovery of potential drugs by computational methods Identification of residues of SARS-CoV nsp1 that differentially affect inhibition of gene expression and antiviral signaling Novel β-barrel fold in the nuclear magnetic resonance structure of the replicase nonstructural protein 1 from the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Structure of functionally activated small ribosomal subunit at 3.3 Å resolution The eukaryotic translation initiation factors eIF1 and eIF1A induce an open conformation of the 40S ribosome Visualizing late states of human 40S ribosomal subunit maturation Cryo-EM structure of a late pre-40S ribosomal subunit from Saccharomyces cerevisiae Structure of mammalian eIF3 in the context of the 43S preinitiation complex Structure of the mammalian ribosomal 43S preinitiation complex bound to the scanning factor DHX29 Conformational differences between open and closed states of the eukaryotic translation initiation complex Lso2 is a conserved ribosome-bound protein required for translational recovery in yeast Structure and function of yeast Lso2 and human CCDC124 bound to hibernating ribosomes Structural basis of highly conserved ribosome recycling in eukaryotes and archaea Cryoelectron microscopic structures of eukaryotic translation termination complexes containing eRF1-eRF3 or eRF1-ABCE1 Structural basis for stop codon recognition in eukaryotes Human cell growth regulator Ly-1 antibody reactive homologue accelerates processing of preribosomal RNA LYAR suppresses beta interferon induction by targeting phosphorylated interferon regulatory factor 3 The structure of a rigorously conserved RNA element within the SARS virus genome Intracellular detection of viral nucleic acids The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus nucleocapsid inhibits type I interferon production by interfering with TRIM25-mediated RIG-I ubiquitination Activation of the beta interferon promoter by unnatural Sendai virus infection requires RIG-I and is inhibited by viral C proteins Measles virus C protein interferes with Beta interferon transcription in the nucleus Identification of the rabies virus alpha/beta interferon antagonist: Phosphoprotein P interferes with phosphorylation of interferon regulatory factor 3 Tyrosine 110 in the measles virus phosphoprotein is required to block STAT1 phosphorylation TRIM23 mediates virus-induced autophagy via activation of TBK1 A TRIM32-AMBRA1-ULK1 complex initiates the autophagy response in atrophic muscle cells The trinity of COVID-19: Immunity, inflammation and intervention Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus nsp1 facilitates efficient propagation in cells through a specific translational shutoff of host mRNA Dynamics of uS19 C-terminal tail during the translation elongation cycle in human ribosomes The small molecule ISRIB reverses the effects of eIF2α phosphorylation on translation and stress granule assembly In vitro dissection of protein translocation into the mammalian endoplasmic reticulum MotionCor2: Anisotropic correction of beam-induced motion for improved cryoelectron microscopy CTFFIND4: When bound at this position, the Nsp1 C terminus blocks regular mRNA accommodation, thus providing an explanation for Nsp1 mediated host translation shutdown (Fig. 2D) .
    keywords: 40s; cells; cov-2; fig; mrna; nsp1; protein; ribosomal; sars; translation
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        item: #4062 of 5187
          id: cord-333121-kt6t41ff
      author: Kwenandar, Felix
       title: Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Cardiovascular System: A Narrative Review
        date: 2020-06-03
       words: 1925
      flesch: 27
     summary: Thus, these patients require clinician's meticulous attention towards A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China World Health Organization Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome Hematologic parameters in patients with COVID-19 infection Cardiovascular implications of fatal outcomes of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Risk Factors of Patients with Cardiac Injury and COVID-19 Acute myocardial infarction after laboratory-confirmed influenza infection Risk of myocardial infarction and stroke after acute infection or vaccination Association of coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) with myocardial injury and mortality Association of cardiac injury with mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan SARScoronavirus modulation of myocardial ACE2 expression and inflammation in patients with SARS SARS and MERS: recent insights into emerging coronaviruses Evolution of the novel coronavirus from the ongoing Wuhan outbreak and modeling of its spike protein for risk of human transmission An Acute Respiratory Infection Runs Into the Most Common Noncommunicable Epidemic-COVID-19 and Cardiovascular Diseases SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor Receptor recognition by the Novel Coronavirus from Wuhan: an analysis based on decade-long structural studies of SARS Coronavirus The cardiovascular burden of coronavirus disease COVID-19) with a focus on congenital heart disease Coronavirus and the cardiovascular system: acute and long-term implications Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study Cardiovascular Considerations for Patients, Health Care Workers, and Health Systems During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic Characteristics and outcomes of 21 critically ill patients with COVID-19 in Washington state Clinical characteristics of novel coronavirus cases in tertiary hospitals in Hubei Province SARS-CoV-2: a potential novel etiology of fulminant myocarditis Takotsubo cardiomyopathy triggered by Influenza A virus Overview of current lung imaging in acute respiratory distress syndrome Abnormal Coagulation parameters are associated with poor prognosis in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia Hematologic parameters in patients with COVID-19 infection Sick sinus syndrome induced by interferon and ribavirin therapy in a patient with chronic hepatitis C Hydroxychloroquine, a less toxic derivative of chloroquine, is effective in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro American Society of Hematology 2018 guidelines for management of venous thromboembolism: optimal management of anticoagulation therapy The cardiovascular burden of coronavirus disease COVID-19) with a focus on congenital heart disease. Although this infective disease is mostly characterized by respiratory tract symptoms, increasing numbers of evidence had shown considerable amounts of patients with cardiovascular involvements and these were associated with higher mortality among COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; disease; heart; patients; sars
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        item: #4063 of 5187
          id: cord-333122-xw8o189s
      author: Blasiak, A.
       title: IDentif.AI: Artificial Intelligence Pinpoints Remdesivir in Combination with Ritonavir and Lopinavir as an Optimal Regimen Against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
        date: 2020-05-08
       words: 5141
      flesch: 39
     summary: Harnessing Artificial Intelligence to Rapidly Optimize Combination Therapy Development for Infectious Disease Intervention Artificial intelligence in cancer therapy Prediction of multidimensional drug dose responses based on measurements of drug pairs Enhanced identification of synergistic and antagonistic emergent interactions among three or more drugs Optimizing drug combinations against multiple myeloma using a quadratic phenotypic optimization platform (QPOP) Epidemiologic Features and Clinical Course of Patients Infected With SARS-CoV-2 in Singapore Maximizing Efficiency of Artificial Intelligence-Driven Drug Combination Optimization through Minimal Resolution Experimental Design Modulating BET Bromodomain Inhibitor ZEN-3694 and Enzalutamide Combination Dosing in a Metastatic Prostate Cancer Patient Using CURATE.AI, an Individualizing liver transplant immunosuppression using a phenotypic personalized medicine platform Application of an ex-vivo drug sensitivity platform towards achieving complete remission in a refractory T-cell lymphoma Systematic quantitative characterization of cellular responses induced by multiple signals It's time to talk about ditching statistical significance Coronavirus puts drug repurposing on the fast track Clinical Pharmacology Perspectives on the Antiviral Activity of Azithromycin and Use in COVID-19 Pharmacologic Treatments for Coronavirus Disease Glycopeptide Antibiotics Potently Inhibit Cathepsin L in the Late Endosome/Lysosome and Block the Entry of Ebola Virus, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) AI to leverage unexpected drug-dose interactions to identify optimal drug combinations from a massive drug-dose search space.
    keywords: author; combination; drug; funder; identif.ai; license; medrxiv; perpetuity; preprint; review
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        item: #4064 of 5187
          id: cord-333140-cdikbi1l
      author: Zhao, Helong
       title: Imatinib is not a potent anti-SARS-CoV-2 drug
        date: 2020-09-30
       words: 915
      flesch: 32
     summary: This is in accordance with the reported low potency of imatinib against SARS-CoV, with EC 50 at 9.82 μM in Vero E6 cell cultures [3] , which is also unachievable with standard imatinib dosage (400 or 800 mg/day). key: cord-333140-cdikbi1l authors: Zhao, Helong; Mendenhall, Michelle; Deininger, Michael W. title: Imatinib is not a potent anti-SARS-CoV-2 drug date: 2020-09-30 journal: Leukemia DOI: 10.1038/s41375-020-01045-9 sha: doc_id: 333140 cord_uid: cdikbi1l nan protease-inhibiting effect.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; imatinib; sars
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        item: #4065 of 5187
          id: cord-333144-gyuh2fvl
      author: Siddiqui, Arif Jamal
       title: Current status and strategic possibilities on potential use of combinational drug therapy against COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-08-05
       words: 7810
      flesch: 40
     summary: This combination is already in use with phase III clinical trials underway (Andreani et al., 2020b; Gautret et al., 2020b) . Three FDA-approved broad-spectrum inhibitors (chlorpromazine, chloroquine, toremifene) that were shown to be effective against MERS-CoV infection in immortalized cell lines and evaluated their antiviral activities (Cong et al., 2018) .
    keywords: antiviral; combination; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; drug; et al; hcq; infection; mers; patients; sars; treatment; trials; use
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        item: #4066 of 5187
          id: cord-333174-g10kvc0c
      author: Ahmed, Sinthyia
       title: Investigating the binding affinity, interaction, and structure-activity-relationship of 76 prescription antiviral drugs targeting RdRp and Mpro of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-07-28
       words: 6779
      flesch: 45
     summary: This provided the rationalization for drug repurposing with the hope to discover antiviral drugs to treat COVID-19. Moreover, MD simulation reveals that RMSD values of the selected drugs are relatively lower compared to control Remdesivir drug.
    keywords: binding; complex; docking; drugs; energy; figure; mpro; protein; raltegravir; rdrp; remdesivir; sars; simeprevir
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        item: #4067 of 5187
          id: cord-333176-6v7ficfk
      author: Snell, Jonathan
       title: SARS-CoV-2 infection and its association with thrombosis and ischemic stroke: A review COVID-19, thrombosis, and ischemic stroke
        date: 2020-09-30
       words: 2062
      flesch: 30
     summary: The Lancet Fibrinolysis Shutdown Correlation with Thromboembolic Events in Severe COVID-19 Infection Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome and Venous Thromboembolism in Multiple Organs The clinical pathology of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): a report from China Endothelial cell infection and endotheliitis in COVID-19 Endothelial dysfunction: a marker of atherosclerotic risk Interactions between the innate immune and blood coagulation systems Coagulopathy and Antiphospholipid Antibodies in Patients with Covid-19 Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura in a Patient with Covid-19 Complement associated microvascular injury and thrombosis in the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19 infection: A report of five cases Will Complement Inhibition Be the New Target in Treating COVID-19-Related Systemic Thrombosis? Links Between Complement Activation and Thrombosis The ACE2/Angiotensin Angiotensin 1-7 and Mas decrease thrombosis in Bdkrb2−/− mice by increasing NO and prostacyclin to reduce platelet spreading and glycoprotein VI activation An orally active formulation of angiotensin-(1-7) produces an antithrombotic effect The Antithrombotic Effect of Angiotensin-(1-7) Involves Mas-Mediated NO Release from Platelets Roles of coagulation and fibrinolysis in angiotensin II enhanced microvascular thrombosis Prothrombotic effects of angiotensin Epidemiology and the global burden of stroke Human and economic burden of stroke Large artery ischaemic stroke in severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Neurologic Manifestations of Hospitalized Patients With Coronavirus Disease Stroke in a young COVID -19 patient Surprise Diagnosis of COVID-19 following Neuroimaging Evaluation for Unrelated Reasons during the Pandemic in Hot Spots COVID-19-related strokes in adults below 55 years of age: a case series Large-Vessel Stroke as a Presenting Feature of Covid-19 in the Young Prothrombotic state induced by COVID-19 infection as trigger for stroke in young patients: A dangerous association. 3 Isolation and sequencing of this virus from human airway epithelial cells allowed the characterization of the betacoronavirus named SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that is the etiologic agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID- 19) .
    keywords: ace2; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; infection; sars
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        item: #4068 of 5187
          id: cord-333195-m4gvpsf8
      author: Lu, Renfei
       title: Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-04-01
       words: 1903
      flesch: 43
     summary: The severity of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic had exceeded SARS-CoV. In Jan. 30, 2020, The COVID-19 pandemic was declared as a public health emergency of international concern by WHO. Because LAMP amplification results in a significant pH change of buffer from an initial alkaline condition to a final acidic condition (Tanner et al. 2015) , the color change of cresol red from burgundy to orange or yellow indicates a positive reaction.
    keywords: assay; cov-2; detection; lamp; sars
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        item: #4069 of 5187
          id: cord-333200-yka7wfbi
      author: Dhampalwar, Swapnil
       title: Treatment armamentarium of COVID-19: Evolving strategies & evidence so far
        date: 2020-07-16
       words: 1254
      flesch: 39
     summary: Patients treated with HCQ had severe disease at baseline. Convalescent plasma transfusion can be used as rescue therapy in critically ill COVID-19 pneumonia as a part of clinical trials.
    keywords: covid-19; patients; sars; treatment
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        item: #4070 of 5187
          id: cord-333234-yvixy77x
      author: Triposkiadis, Filippos
       title: Renin-angiotensin-system inhibition in the context of corona virus disease-19: experimental evidence, observational studies, and clinical implications
        date: 2020-09-01
       words: 3228
      flesch: 41
     summary: Searching for evidence from a new disease Risk of COVID-19 for patients with obesity Effect of angiotensinconverting enzyme inhibition and angiotensin II receptor blockers on cardiac angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 Effects of spironolactone and eprosartan on cardiac remodeling and angiotensin-converting enzyme isoforms in rats with experimental heart failure Interaction between RAAS inhibitors and ACE2 in the context of COVID-19 Why most published research findings are false Why randomized controlled trials are needed to accept new practices: 2 medical worldviews ACEing COVID-19: a role for angiotensin axis inhibition in SARS-CoV-2 infection? The ACE2/angiotensin-(1-7)/MAS axis of the renin-angiotensin system: focus on angiotensin Ang II (angiotensin II) conversion to angiotensin-(1-7) in the circulation is POP (prolyloligopeptidase)-dependent and ACE2 (angiotensinconverting enzyme 2)-independent Toll-like receptor 4 engagement mediates prolyl endopeptidase release from airway epithelia via exosomes The meaning of Mas ACE2 receptor expression and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection depend on differentiation of human airway epithelia TMPRSS2 and ADAM17 cleave ACE2 differentially and only proteolysis by TMPRSS2 augments entry driven by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein Angiotensin converting enzyme 2: SARS-CoV-2 receptor and regulator of the renin-angiotensin system Oral delivery of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and angiotensin-(1-7) bioencapsulated in plant cells attenuates pulmonary hypertension Diminazene aceturate improves autonomic modulation in pulmonary hypertension Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 abrogates bleomycin-induced lung injury Recombinant angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 improves pulmonary blood flow and oxygenation in lipopolysaccharideinduced lung injury in piglets Expression of elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in SARS-CoV-infected ACE2+ cells in SARS patients: relation to the acute lung injury and pathogenesis of SARS Assessing ACE2 expression patterns in lung tissues in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 COVID 19 and heart failure: from infection to inflammation and angiotensin II stimulation.
    keywords: ace2; angiotensin; covid-19; enzyme; patients; raasi; sars; studies
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        item: #4071 of 5187
          id: cord-333239-nj5dma98
      author: Ducrest, P. J.
       title: Development and evaluation of a new IgM/IgG rapid diagnostic test for SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-10-13
       words: 1773
      flesch: 52
     summary: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.09.20209866 doi: medRxiv preprint plasma samples (n=97), supplied by AbBaltis (Kent, UK) with a collection date before 2018, were used as negative control group. key: cord-333239-nj5dma98 authors: Ducrest, P. J. title: Development and evaluation of a new IgM/IgG rapid diagnostic test for SARS-CoV-2 date: 2020-10-13 journal: nan DOI: 10.1101/2020.10.09.20209866 sha: doc_id: 333239 cord_uid: nj5dma98 There is an urgent need in rapid diagnostic test (RDT) to detect antibodies against SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: igg; igm; preprint; sars
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        item: #4072 of 5187
          id: cord-333262-xvfl7ycj
      author: Robson, B.
       title: COVID-19 Coronavirus spike protein analysis for synthetic vaccines, a peptidomimetic antagonist, and therapeutic drugs, and analysis of a proposed achilles’ heel conserved region to minimize probability of escape mutations and drug resistance
        date: 2020-04-11
       words: 21686
      flesch: 45
     summary: Not least, protein binding sites are often partially disordered before binding, and in any case there may be several binding modes. Several three dimensional structures are known for ACE2 complexed with SARS spike protein e.g. protein data bank (PDB) entry (6ACG) and of variants of the latter (e.g. TMPRSS2 protein data bank entry 2OQ5).
    keywords: ace2; acid; amino; binding; compounds; coronavirus; cov-2; data; dehydrogenase; design; e.g.; emodin; entry; human; krsfiedllfnkv; like; molecules; motif; paper; peptides; pharmacophore; present; protein; residues; sars; sequence; site; spike; studies; type; vaccine; virus
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        item: #4073 of 5187
          id: cord-333264-jdvb8px4
      author: Hanke, Leo
       title: An alpaca nanobody neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 by blocking receptor interaction
        date: 2020-09-04
       words: 6405
      flesch: 44
     summary: The NP-VHH1:RBD data were only baseline-corrected, since dilution effects were not evident. Local fits to individual sensorgrams applying the standard 1:1 binding model appeared reasonable for the association phases at lower to intermediate RBD concentrations, as well as for all dissociation curves when fits were allowed to stay above zero (gray lines Fig.
    keywords: ace2; antibodies; antibody; binding; cells; cov-2; data; domain; fig; nanobodies; nanobody; neutralization; protein; rbd; sars; spike; ty1
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        item: #4074 of 5187
          id: cord-333320-ndmmbckb
      author: Samore, M.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and detection fraction in Utah urban populations from a probability-based sample
        date: 2020-10-27
       words: 7444
      flesch: 46
     summary: Tract group (primary sampling design only) 1B) Tract group (primary sampling design only) 1B)
    keywords: copyright; design; license; medrxiv; medrxiv preprint; preprint; primary; sampling; sars; seroprevalence
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        item: #4075 of 5187
          id: cord-333326-n9ifhw5s
      author: Wardell, Hanna
       title: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection in Febrile Neonates
        date: 2020-07-09
       words: 2928
      flesch: 41
     summary: Coronavirus disease 2019 in children-United States Characteristics and outcomes of children with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection admitted to US and Canadian pediatric intensive care units Children with Covid-19 in pediatric emergency departments in Italy Late-onset neonatal sepsis in a patient with Covid-19 SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19) in febrile infants without respiratory distress Novel coronavirus in a 15-day-old neonate with clinical signs of sepsis, a case report Novel coronavirus infection in febrile infants aged 60 days and younger SARS-CoV-2 infection in infants less than 90 days old Risk of serious bacterial infection in young febrile infants with respiratory syncytial virus infections Serious bacterial infections in febrile infants 1 to 90 days old with and without viral infections Indeed, the incidence of transmission through familial exposure in pediatric COVID-19 infections has been estimated between 45% and 91% [3, 5, 7] .
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; day; evaluation; infection; sars
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        item: #4076 of 5187
          id: cord-333368-kjrk8nn9
      author: Huizinga, Gabrielle P
       title: The Collision of Meta-Inflammation and SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic Infection
        date: 2020-09-03
       words: 5494
      flesch: 33
     summary: Obesity has been shown to be a risk factor for human papilloma virus incident infection, however obesity was not associated with how long the infection persisted 79 . A meta-analysis The role of increased body mass index in outcomes of sepsis: a systematic review and meta-analysis Body Habitus and Risk of Mortality in Pediatric Sepsis and Septic Shock: A Retrospective Cohort Study Outcomes and Resource Use Among Overweight and Obese Children With Sepsis in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit Influence of Obesity Diagnosis With Organ Dysfunction, Mortality, and Resource Use Among Children Hospitalized With Infection in the United States The Role of Obesity in Sepsis Outcome among Critically Ill Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis Underweight, overweight, and obesity as independent risk factors for hospitalization in adults and children from influenza and other respiratory viruses Increased risk of influenza among vaccinated adults who are obese Impact of obesity on sepsis mortality:
    keywords: covid-19; disease; infection; inflammation; macrophages; obesity; patients; risk; sars
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        item: #4077 of 5187
          id: cord-333381-wz70o9tt
      author: Liu, Shao
       title: Providing pharmacy services during the coronavirus pandemic
        date: 2020-03-28
       words: 3201
      flesch: 36
     summary: The pharmacy system aims to establish mechanisms to address drug shortages through surveillance, early warnings, drug emergency supply and distribution, monitoring the safe use of medications, and event-driven pharmaceutical care during the coronavirus epidemic [4] . To assist clinicians in better understanding and prescribing these drugs, pharmacists applied evidence-based medication use evaluation approaches to collect and summarize drug information with these recommended drugs.
    keywords: china; coronavirus; covid-19; drug; epidemic; pharmaceutical; pharmacists; pharmacy; public
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        item: #4078 of 5187
          id: cord-333391-6l0cpvgr
      author: Bortolotti, Daria
       title: SARS-CoV-2 Spike 1 Protein Controls Natural Killer Cell Activation via the HLA-E/NKG2A Pathway
        date: 2020-08-26
       words: 5712
      flesch: 52
     summary: However, the role of NK cells during severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has previously not been identified. K562 and lung epithelial cells were transfected with spike proteins and co-cultured with NK cells.
    keywords: cells; cov-2; expression; figure; hla; lung; nkg2a; protein; sars; sp1; spike; student
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        item: #4079 of 5187
          id: cord-333420-qqyg9um9
      author: Zhu, Xun
       title: idCOV: a pipeline for quick clade identification of SARS-CoV-2 isolates
        date: 2020-10-09
       words: 462
      flesch: 44
     summary: key: cord-333420-qqyg9um9 authors: Zhu, Xun; Chang, Ti-Cheng; Webby, Richard; Wu, Gang title: idCOV: a pipeline for quick clade identification of SARS-CoV-2 isolates date: 2020-10-09 journal: bioRxiv DOI: 10.1101/2020.10.08.330456 sha: doc_id: 333420 cord_uid: qqyg9um9 idCOV is a phylogenetic pipeline for quickly identifying the clades of SARS-CoV-2 virus isolates from raw sequencing data based on a selected clade-defining marker list. COVID-19 Dashboard by the Center for Systems Science and Engineering (CSSE) at Johns Nextflow enables reproducible computational workflows An interactive web-based dashboard to track COVID-19 in real time GISAID -Clade and lineage nomenclature aids in genomic epidemiology of active hCoV-19 139 viruses Haplotype-based variant detection from short-read sequencing Introductions and early spread of SARS-CoV-2 in the New York City area Year-letter Genetic Clade Naming for SARS-CoV-2 on Nextstain.org Datahike is a durable Datalog database powered by an 147 efficient Datalog query engine Clinical and virological data of the first cases of COVID-19 in Europe: a case series The Lancet Infectious Fast and accurate short read alignment with Burrows-Wheeler transform The sequence alignment/map format and SAMtools Tracking the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia using genomics A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China
    keywords: covid-19; sars
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        item: #4080 of 5187
          id: cord-333429-bq7kfpby
      author: Shi, Ding
       title: Clinical characteristics and factors associated with long-term viral excretion in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a single center 28-day study
        date: 2020-07-02
       words: 3517
      flesch: 49
     summary: Underlying diseases has been shown to be related to prolonged viral shedding in SARS patients [6] . Several studies have reported that the use of corticosteroids is associated with delayed viral RNA clearance in MERS or SARS patients and even with higher mortality in influenza pneumonia
    keywords: group; patients; rna; sars; shedding; virus
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        item: #4081 of 5187
          id: cord-333453-v3gap8kj
      author: Dima, Mirabela
       title: First neonates with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in Romania: Three case reports
        date: 2020-08-14
       words: 3022
      flesch: 44
     summary: A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China Prevalence of comorbidities and its effects in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2: a systematic review and metaanalysis SARS-CoV-2 infection in children Epidemiology of COVID-19 among children in China Kawasaki-like disease: emerging complication during the COVID-19 pandemic A case report of neonatal acute respiratory failure due to SARS-CoV-2 Systematic review of COVID-19 in children shows milder cases and a better prognosis than adults First case of neonate infected with novel coronavirus pneumonia in China National Institute of Public Health Neonatal early-onset infection with SARS-CoV-2 in 33 neonates born to mothers with COVID-19 in Vertical transmission of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) from infected pregnant mothers to neonates: a review Severe COVID-19 during pregnancy and possible vertical transmission Molecular diagnosis of a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) causing an outbreak of pneumonia Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in human breastmilk Structure, function, and antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as a SARS-CoV-2 receptor: molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic target Towards definition, clinical and laboratory criteria, and a scoring system for disseminated intravascular coagulation Flowchart showing the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction test results of the newborns and their mothers Correlation of chest CT and RT-PCR testing in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China: a report of 1014 cases Clinical characteristics of fatal and recovered cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China: a retrospective study Venous and arterial thromboembolic complications in COVID-19 patients admitted to an academic hospital in COVID-19 and thrombotic or thromboembolic disease: implications for prevention, antithrombotic therapy, and follow-up Epidemiology and prevention of neonatal candidiasis: fluconazole for all neonates? [9] In Romania, at the moment the official national registry for COVID-19 cases states that the group age 0 to 9 years accounts for approximately 2.5% of the cases.
    keywords: candidiasis; cases; cov-2; covid-19; patients; sars
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        item: #4082 of 5187
          id: cord-333465-cha7ndv5
      author: Horspool, A. M.
       title: Interplay of antibody and cytokine production reveals CXCL-13 as a potential novel biomarker of lethal SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-08-31
       words: 4312
      flesch: 46
     summary: We demonstrated increasing antibody production to 421 multiple SARS-CoV-2 antigens over the first ten days of infection using a rapid-ELISA 422 assay. Patient mortality, sex, blood type, and age were all associated with differences in antibody production to SARS-CoV-2 antigens which may help explain variation in immunity between these populations.
    keywords: funder; license; medrxiv; medrxiv preprint; patients; preprint; production; sars
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        item: #4083 of 5187
          id: cord-333487-zem2d4y6
      author: Thomaz Ugliara Barone, Mark
       title: The Impact of COVID-19 on People with Diabetes in Brazil
        date: 2020-07-03
       words: 4659
      flesch: 41
     summary: The Lancet The Silver Lining to COVID-19: Avoiding Diabetic Ketoacidosis Admissions with Telehealth Coronavirus Infections and Type 2 Diabetes -Shared Pathways with Therapeutic Implications Ensuring people-centred diabetes care during the COVID-19 pandemic Experiences from Portugal Beyond the virus: Additionally, announced measures for prevention and mitigation of COVID-19 consequences on this population, such as supply of medicines for 3 months, worked just for a minority.
    keywords: blood; brazil; care; covid-19; diabetes; glucose; health; individuals; measures; pandemic; people
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        item: #4084 of 5187
          id: cord-333498-d25qfq0f
      author: Chitranshi, Nitin
       title: Evolving geographic diversity in SARS-CoV2 and in silico analysis of replicating enzyme 3CL(pro) targeting repurposed drug candidates
        date: 2020-07-09
       words: 6006
      flesch: 41
     summary: SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a single stranded RNA pathogen which is characterised by a high mutation rate. The species Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus: classifying 2019-nCoV and naming it SARS-CoV-2 From SARS coronavirus to novel animal and human coronaviruses An overview of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) 3CL protease inhibitors: peptidomimetics and small molecule chemotherapy Can the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affect the eyes?
    keywords: 3cl; anti; coronavirus; cov-2; data; drugs; fig; genome; inhibitors; mutations; novel; pro; protease; protein; sars; sequences
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        item: #4085 of 5187
          id: cord-333515-llqpfhwg
      author: Zhao, Juanjuan
       title: Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in patients of novel coronavirus disease 2019
        date: 2020-03-03
       words: 3583
      flesch: 51
     summary: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.02.20030189 doi: medRxiv preprint 15 Third, although it had shown good specificity in healthy people, the cross-reactivity among the different coronaviruses cannot be accurately assessed because we cannot obtain blood samples from SARS-CoV-1 and other coronaviruses infection patients. The total antibody (Ab), IgM antibody and IgG antibody against SARS-CoV-2 in plasma samples were tested using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits supplied All rights reserved.
    keywords: antibody; author; funder; license; medrxiv; patients; preprint
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        item: #4086 of 5187
          id: cord-333520-v2sb90rc
      author: Gardin, Chiara
       title: Could Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Be a Therapeutic Option for Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients?
        date: 2020-08-26
       words: 10167
      flesch: 29
     summary: Several studies agree that reduced fibrosis and apoptosis of myocardial cells are other important effects of the EV-mediated ischemic cardiac repair Evidence from meta-analysis Cardiovascular disease and COVID-19 Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients with 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Inside the heart of COVID-19 Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: A descriptive study Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China COVID-19 and the cardiovascular system Mesenchymal stem cells and management of COVID-19 pneumonia Clinical evidence does not support corticosteroid treatment for 2019-nCoV lung injury On the use of corticosteroids for 2019-nCoV pneumonia Coronaviruses and the cardiovascular system: Acute and long-term implications Treatment for emerging viruses: Convalescent plasma and COVID-19 Recommendations for Investigational COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma Chinese Clinical Trial Registry Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Cardiovascular Disease: A Viewpoint on the Potential Influence of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/Angiotensin Receptor Blockers on Onset and Severity of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus.
    keywords: acute; cardiac; cells; covid-19; disease; effects; evs; exosomes; human; inflammatory; injury; lung; mesenchymal; msc; mscs; mvs; patients; sars; stem
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        item: #4087 of 5187
          id: cord-333524-a6p6ma8r
      author: Khan, Pavana
       title: Isothermal SARS-CoV-2 Diagnostics: Tools for Enabling Distributed Pandemic Testing as a Means of Supporting Safe Reopenings
        date: 2020-09-23
       words: 8847
      flesch: 42
     summary: Assay: A Case for Rapid, Ultrasensitive and Visual Detection of Novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 and HIV Virus An Ultrasensitive, Rapid, and Portable Coronavirus SARS-CoV SARS-CoV-2 Detection with CRISPR Diagnostics CDetection: CRISPR-Cas12b-Based DNA Detection with Sub-Attomolar Sensitivity and Single-Base Specificity Development and Evaluation of Recombinase-Aided Amplification Assays Incorporating Competitive Internal Controls for Detection of Human Adenovirus Serotypes 3 and 7 Direct Observation of DNA Target Searching and Cleavage by CRISPR-Cas12a SHERLOCK: Nucleic Acid Detection with CRISPR Nucleases Pointof-Care Testing for COVID-19 Using SHERLOCK. CRISPR-based detection uses both primer-specific amplification and guide RNA directed detection, thus increasing sequence specificity in two different ways.
    keywords: amplification; cov-2; crispr; detection; dna; isothermal; lamp; nucleic; pcr; polymerase; primers; reaction; rna; rpa; sars; sequence; use
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        item: #4088 of 5187
          id: cord-333532-vrfduv5a
      author: Patel, Kishan Pravin
       title: COVID-19 Patients: Are Current Isolation Guidelines Effective Enough?
        date: 2020-05-11
       words: 863
      flesch: 32
     summary: Key words: COVID 19; SARS CoV-2; Gastrointestinal; Isolation; Fecal-oral; transmission; precautions World Health Organization High Contagiousness and Rapid Spread of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2. key: cord-333532-vrfduv5a authors: Patel, Kishan Pravin; Patel, Puja A.; Vunnam, Srinivas R.; Jain, Rohit; Vunnam, Rama R. title: COVID-19 Patients: Are Current Isolation Guidelines Effective Enough? date: 2020-05-11 journal: Public Health DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2020.04.048 sha: doc_id: 333532 cord_uid: vrfduv5a nan As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues to evolve, the number of cases and the death toll continue to rise, posing a substantial threat to global public health.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; sars
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        item: #4089 of 5187
          id: cord-333547-88dkh6xd
      author: Hasan, Shadi W.
       title: Detection and Quantification of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in Wastewater and Treated Effluents: Surveillance of COVID-19 Epidemic in the United Arab Emirates
        date: 2020-10-19
       words: 3982
      flesch: 41
     summary: Different methods for wastewater virus concentration have been adopted by different groups around the world It was also observed that the precautionary measures implemented by the UAE government correlated with a drop in the measured viral load in wastewater samples, which were in line with the reduction of COVID-19 cases reported in the population.
    keywords: cases; cov-2; covid-19; method; rna; sars; virus; viruses; wastewater
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        item: #4090 of 5187
          id: cord-333606-5z3kumu9
      author: Lee, SangJoon
       title: Coronaviruses: Innate Immunity, Inflammasome Activation, Inflammatory Cell Death, and Cytokines
        date: 2020-10-15
       words: 1179
      flesch: 33
     summary: Among the proinflammatory cytokines, IL-1 Pyroptosis is an inflammasome-mediated form of inflammatory cell death [3] .  Specific CoV infections can activate inflammatory cell death (PANoptosis), thereby inducing cytokine release.
    keywords: cell; cov; infection; sars
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        item: #4091 of 5187
          id: cord-333632-i2bjap7m
      author: Senthil Kumar, K. J.
       title: Geranium and Lemon Essential Oils and Their Active Compounds Downregulate Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2), a SARS-CoV-2 Spike Receptor-Binding Domain, in Epithelial Cells
        date: 2020-06-19
       words: 3876
      flesch: 43
     summary: Open Forum Infect Pharmacologic treatments for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A review Toona sinensis roem tender leaf extract inhibits sars coronavirus replication Liquorice may tackle SARS Specific plant terpenoids and lignoids possess potent antiviral activities against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Small molecules targeting severe acute respiratory syndrome human coronavirus Comparative study on the antiviral activity of selected monoterpenes derived from essential oils Antimicrobial properties of plant essential oils against human pathogens and their mode of action: An updated review Avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus susceptibility to botanical oleoresins and essential oils in vitro and in vivo Antioxidant and anticancer activities of citrus reticulate (petitgrain mandarin) and pelargonium graveolens (geranium) essential oils A chemotaxonomic study of the pelargonium (geraniaceae) species and their modern cultivars An overview on phytopharmacology of Pelargonium graveolens L Natural killer cell activity and lymphocyte activation: Investigating the effects of a selection of essential oils and components in vitro Extraction of essential oil from geranium (Pelargonium graveolens) with supercritical carbon dioxide Essential oils of aromatic plants with antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, and cytotoxic properties-An overview Effective antiviral activity of essential oils and their characteristic terpenes against coronaviruses: An update Broad-spectrum antiviral agents Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), but not ace, is preferentially localized to the apical surface of polarized kidney cells High expression of ace2 receptor of 2019-ncov on the epithelial cells of oral mucosa Phytochemical analysis and in vitro antiviral activities of the essential oils of seven lebanon species Investigation into SARS-CoV-2 resistance of compounds in garlic essential oil Essential oils as antiviral agents, potential of essential oils to treat sars-cov-2 infection: An in-silico investigation Characterization and significance of ace2 and mas receptor in human colon adenocarcinoma The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest. The results suggest that geranium and lemon essential oils and their derivative compounds are valuable natural anti-viral agents that may contribute to the prevention of the invasion of SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 into the human body.
    keywords: ace2; cells; compounds; geranium; lemon; oils; protein; receptor; sars; virus
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        item: #4092 of 5187
          id: cord-333654-8rg99di5
      author: Pillai, Presaad
       title: COVID-19 AND MAJOR ORGAN THROMBOEMBOLISM: MANIFESTATIONS IN NEUROVASCULAR AND CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS.
        date: 2020-10-24
       words: 4130
      flesch: 30
     summary: A novel hypothesis for clinically suspected hypercoagulopathy and microvascular immunothrombosis Procoagulant activity during viral infections Targeting the cytokine storm for therapeutic benefit Modulating the Innate Immune Response to Influenza A Virus: Potential Therapeutic Use of Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Incidence of thrombotic complications in critically ill ICU patients with COVID-19 Incidence of thrombotic complications in critically ill ICU patients with COVID-19 Pandemic H1N1 Influenza Infection and Vascular Thrombosis PAMPs and DAMPs as triggers for DIC Disseminated intravascular coagulation Abnormal coagulation parameters are associated with poor prognosis in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia COVID-19 coagulopathy: an indepth analysis of the coagulation system D-dimer levels on admission to predict in-hospital mortality in patients with Covid-19 Coagulation disorders in coronavirus infected patients: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV and lessons from the past A major outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Acute Pulmonary Embolism Associated with COVID-19 Pneumonia Detected with Pulmonary CT Angiography The clinical pathology of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): a report from China Immunohistochemical, and Ultrastructural Findings of a Fatal Case of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection in the United Arab Emirates Histopathologic Changes and SARS-CoV-2 Immunostaining in the Lung of a Patient With COVID-19 Pulmonary and cardiac pathology in African American patients with COVID-19: an autopsy series from New Orleans Postmortem examination of COVID-19 patients reveals diffuse alveolar damage with severe capillary congestion and variegated findings in lungs and other organs suggesting vascular dysfunction Complement associated microvascular injury and thrombosis in the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19 infection: A report of five cases Prevalence of venous thromboembolism in patients with severe novel coronavirus pneumonia Extremely High Incidence of Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis in 48 Patients With Severe COVID-19 in Wuhan Incidence and associated factors of deep vein thrombosis in Thai surgical ICU patients without chemoprophylaxis: one year study Deep Vein Thrombosis among Intensive Care Unit Patients Empirical systemic anticoagulation is associated with decreased venous thromboembolism in critically ill influenza A H1N1 acute respiratory distress syndrome patients Acute cerebrovascular disease following COVID-19: a single center, retrospective, observational study COVID-19-associated Acute Hemorrhagic Necrotizing Encephalopathy: Characteristics of ischaemic stroke associated with COVID-19 COVID-19 and the cardiovascular system Acute myocarditis associated with novel Middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study Cardiovascular manifestations and treatment considerations in COVID-19 Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China Risk of peripheral arterial thrombosis in COVID-19 Cardiovascular Implications of Fatal Outcomes of Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction in Patients With COVID-19:
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; dimer; disease; patients; pulmonary; sars; thromboembolism; thrombosis
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        item: #4093 of 5187
          id: cord-333670-qv1orlv5
      author: Mutti, Luciano
       title: Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19): What Are We Learning in a Country With High Mortality Rate?
        date: 2020-05-28
       words: 2505
      flesch: 30
     summary: Interestingly, another preprint study identified specific SARS-COV-2 neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) in the plasma of patients who had recovered from infection and recorded that 30% of patients failed to develop high titers of NAbs after COVID-19 infection (32) . In Italy, the possibility of performing autopsies or post-mortem diagnostic studies on suspect, probable, or confirmed COVID-19 cases has been intensively debated (5, 6) ; however, postmortem pathological analysis of COVID-19 patients in China has shown findings consistent with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) (7-9) (Figure 1 ).
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; hla; patients; response; sars; virus
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        item: #4094 of 5187
          id: cord-333682-ktbnrkwh
      author: Dong, Yunzhu
       title: Antibodies in the breast milk of a maternal woman with COVID-19
        date: 2020-07-03
       words: 1336
      flesch: 49
     summary: Infants incapable of producing immunoglobulins are protected by maternal antibodies for up to 12 months after birth [10] , however, our follow-up identified that IgG to SARS-CoV-2 in the neonate maintained less than one and half month, suggesting the potential risk for subsequent COVID- Titers of IgG antibody to SARS-CoV-2 in the maternal woman's serums determined using ELISA. The titers of IgG antibody in breast milk were 2.34, 3.02, 2.84, 2.79, and 3.35, respectively, when three SARS-CoV-2 negative maternal woman's breast milk were tested as control (mean titer 0.98) (Figure 1, panel D) .
    keywords: breast; cov-2; igg; sars
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        item: #4095 of 5187
          id: cord-333688-bykbyojs
      author: Wang, Junxue
       title: Persistent SARS-COV-2 RNA positivity in a patient for 92 days after disease onset: A case report
        date: 2020-08-21
       words: 2622
      flesch: 45
     summary: Positive viral nucleic acid test results show remaining viral genetic activity in these patients, and there have been reports of infectious viruses isolated from patient samples However, his nucleic acid test result was positive on Day 92 after discharge, showing that the aforementioned antiviral regimen did not have significant effects on the negative conversion of nucleic acid tests results.
    keywords: acid; cov-2; nucleic; patient; sars
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        item: #4096 of 5187
          id: cord-333696-3ci9re9a
      author: Alomari, Safwan O.
       title: COVID-19 and the Central Nervous System
        date: 2020-08-04
       words: 4426
      flesch: 40
     summary: We believe that this association between smoking and COVID-19 neurological manifestations, if proven, might be of great impact, since all the people worldwide are currently at high risk of being exposed to smoking and COVID-19 infection. Patients with COVID-19 infection should be evaluated early for neurological symptoms.
    keywords: acute; brain; case; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; encephalitis; infection; patients; sars
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        item: #4097 of 5187
          id: cord-333703-1ku3jc9s
      author: Kraus, Aurora
       title: A zebrafish model for COVID-19 recapitulates olfactory and cardiovascular pathophysiologies caused by SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-11-08
       words: 8459
      flesch: 39
     summary: 521 Interestingly, we did not observe any changes in ace2 expression after 3h immersion with SARS-522 CoV-2 S RBD protein. 300 There are copious amounts of immune cells in the teleost olfactory organ ( Intranasal delivery of SARS-CoV-2 S RBD induces inflammatory responses and 318 widespread loss of olfactory receptor expression in adult zebrafish olfactory organ 319 320 The cellular landscape of the zebrafish olfactory epithelium was affected by SARS-CoV-2 S 321 RBD treatment and time ( Figure 4A -D).
    keywords: ace2; cell; cov-2; covid-19; et al; expression; figure; gene; infection; larvae; olfactory; protein; rbd; responses; s rbd; sars; treatment; type; zebrafish
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        item: #4098 of 5187
          id: cord-333712-sdtxi8xw
      author: Yu, Ping
       title: Geographical structure of bat SARS-related coronaviruses
        date: 2019-02-06
       words: 3666
      flesch: 35
     summary: Moreover, compared with other bat SARSr-CoVs, some viruses such as WIV1 and WIV16 had an additional ORF (named ORFx) in their gene organization, involved in modulation of the host immune response (Hu et al., 2017; Yang et al., 2015; Zeng et al., 2016) . In order to identify the relationships between bat CoVs and their hosts, a tanglegram was made connecting the RdRp phylogeny of the SARSr-CoVs and the cytochrome b (CytB) phylogeny of their hosts ( Fig. 2; Table S2 ).
    keywords: bat; bats; coronavirus; covs; et al; human; sars
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        item: #4099 of 5187
          id: cord-333713-nz36i2oa
      author: Andonegui-Elguera, Sergio
       title: Molecular Alterations Prompted by SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Induction of Hyaluronan, Glycosaminoglycan and Mucopolysaccharide Metabolism
        date: 2020-06-18
       words: 1730
      flesch: 25
     summary: Several inflammatory cytokines produced in COVID-19 could be strong inducers of hyaluronan metabolism (10) therefore the relevance to identify immune cells infiltrating lung tissue. Aim of the study In the present work we performed a stringent metanalysis from the publicly available RNAseq data from bronchoalveolar cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells to elucidate molecular alterations and cellular deconvolution to identify immune cell profiles.
    keywords: cells; covid-19; hyaluronan; infection; patients; sars
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        item: #4100 of 5187
          id: cord-333730-qsx0m68e
      author: Tsai, Y. C.
       title: Oral disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs and immunosuppressants with antiviral potential, including SARS-CoV-2 infection: a review
        date: 2020-09-03
       words: 4934
      flesch: 26
     summary: The Swiss HIV cohort study The HYDILE trial: efficacy and tolerance of a quadruple combination of reverse transcriptase inhibitors versus the same regimen plus hydroxyurea or hydroxyurea and interleukin-2 in HIV-infected patients failing protease inhibitorbased combinations Activity, safety, and immunological effects of hydroxyurea added to didanosine in antiretroviral-naive and experienced HIV type 1-infected subjects: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial, ACTG 307 A randomized trial to investigate the recycling of stavudine and didanosine with and without hydroxyurea in salvage therapy (RESTART) Hydroxyurea as an inhibitor of hepatitis C virus RNA replication Hydroxyurea suppresses HCV replication in humans: a phase I trial of oral hydroxyurea in chronic hepatitis C patients Amazing results with hydroxyurea therapy in chronic hepatitis B: a preliminary report Reactivation of hepatitis B virus during treatment with hydroxyurea in an elderly patient with essential thrombocythemia Reversible inhibition of herpes simplex virus replication by hydroxyurea Hydroxyurea enhances the activity of acyclovir and cidofovir against herpes simplex virus type 1 resistant strains harboring mutations in the thymidine kinase and/or the DNA polymerase genes Hydroxyurea inhibits parvovirus B19 replication in erythroid progenitor cells Original research: parvovirus B19 infection in children with sickle cell disease in the hydroxyurea era A novel action of minocycline inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in microglia Neuroprotective and anti-human immunodeficiency virus activity of minocycline Minocycline treatment for HIV-associated 20 journals.sagepub.com/home/tab cognitive impairment: results from a randomized trial Randomized trial of minocycline in the treatment of HIV-associated cognitive impairment Minocycline neuroprotects, reduces microglial activation, inhibits caspase 3 induction, and viral replication following Japanese encephalitis Minocycline differentially modulates viral infection and persistence in an experimental model of Japanese encephalitis Minocycline trial in Japanese encephalitis: a double blind, randomized placebo study Role of oral minocycline in acute encephalitis syndrome in India: a randomized controlled trial Drug repurposing of minocycline against dengue virus infection Antibiotic minocycline prevents respiratory syncytial virus infection Antiinflammatory and antiviral effects of minocycline in enterovirus 71 infections Transcriptomic characterization of the novel avian-origin influenza A (H7N9) virus: specific host response and responses intermediate between avian (H5N1 and H7N7) and human (H3N2) viruses and implications for treatment options Minocycline inhibits West Nile virus replication and apoptosis in human neuronal cells Minocycline delays disease onset and mortality in reovirus encephalitis Therapy with minocycline aggravates experimental rabies in mice Effects of mycophenolic acid on human immunodeficiency virus infection in vitro and in vivo Mycophenolic mofetil, an alternative antiviral and immunomodulator for the highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus infection Broadspectrum antivirals for the emerging Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Treatment with lopinavir/ritonavir or interferon-β1b improves outcome of MERS-CoV infection in a nonhuman primate model of common marmoset Inhibition of herpes simplex virus type 1 by the experimental immunosuppressive agent leflunomide Successful treatment of acyclovirresistant herpes simplex virus type 2 proctitis with leflunomide in an HIV-infected man Leflunomide in the treatment of a pseudotumoral genital herpes simplex virus infection in an HIV patient Inhibition of HIV replication by A77 1726, the active metabolite of leflunomide, in combination with pyrimidine nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors Anti-HIV-1 activity of leflunomide: a comparison with mycophenolic acid and hydroxyurea Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis DOI: 10.1177/1759720x20947296 sha: doc_id: 333730 cord_uid: qsx0m68e There have been several episodes of viral infection evolving into epidemics in recent decades, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the latest example.
    keywords: activity; covid-19; disease; hiv; hydroxyurea; infection; leflunomide; minocycline; patients; replication; sars; treatment; trial; virus
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        item: #4101 of 5187
          id: cord-333738-3xtb8gye
      author: Rabets, A.
       title: Development of antibodies to pan-coronavirus spike peptides in convalescent COVID-19 patients
        date: 2020-08-22
       words: 2491
      flesch: 42
     summary: As can be seed from Figure 2c , the sera samples having shown stronger binding of IgG antibodies with anti-HR2 MERS spike protein also contained higher IgG reactivity towards anti-RBD spike protein of SARS-CoV-19. analysis of used MERS protein is showing similarity towards the sequence in the genome of SARS-CoV-19.
    keywords: cov-2; hr2; mers; preprint; protein; sars; spike
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        item: #4102 of 5187
          id: cord-333754-copxoyqu
      author: Ma, Hsin-Chieh
       title: Expression and membrane integration of SARS-CoV M protein
        date: 2008-04-09
       words: 3952
      flesch: 56
     summary: Through the interaction with M protein, S protein is incorporated into the viral envelope and the mature virions are released from the cells. The proportion of different forms of M protein (in Figs. 1a, b, 2a) was quantified using software 'Quantity one' (Biorad, USA).
    keywords: amino; cov; fig; membrane; protein; sars
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        item: #4103 of 5187
          id: cord-333763-45dzsn2j
      author: Bestle, Dorothea
       title: TMPRSS2 and furin are both essential for proteolytic activation of SARS-CoV-2 in human airway cells
        date: 2020-07-23
       words: 9015
      flesch: 40
     summary: Furin and/or TMPRSS2 inhibitors could be used alone or in combination to target either or both of these proteases. For SARS-CoV-2 to enter cells, its surface glycoprotein spike (S) must be cleaved at two different sites by host cell proteases, which therefore represent potential drug targets.
    keywords: activation; calu-3; cells; cleavage; cov-2; data; furin; human; inhibitors; ppmo; protease; protein; sars; site; tmprss2; virus
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        item: #4104 of 5187
          id: cord-333805-xmqs2ax7
      author: Romoli, Michele
       title: A systematic review of neurological manifestations of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection: the devil is hidden in the details
        date: 2020-06-05
       words: 4032
      flesch: 41
     summary: They found that COVID-19 patients were significantly younger (81%) and a high rate of smell (45%) and taste disorders (90.%). A multicentre retrospective study evaluated the occurrence of seizures in COVID-19 patients [19] .
    keywords: case; covid-19; csf; disease; infection; patients; pcr; sars; study
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        item: #4105 of 5187
          id: cord-333863-mtljy3s6
      author: Hong, Nan
       title: Evaluation of ocular symptoms and tropism of SARS‐CoV‐2 in patients confirmed with COVID‐19
        date: 2020-04-26
       words: 4039
      flesch: 47
     summary: key: cord-333863-mtljy3s6 authors: Hong, Nan; Yu, Wangshu; Xia, Jianhua; Shen, Ye; Yap, Maurice; Han, Wei title: Evaluation of ocular symptoms and tropism of SARS‐CoV‐2 in patients confirmed with COVID‐19 date: 2020-04-26 journal: We evaluated ocular symptoms and ocular tropism of SARS‐CoV‐2 in a group of patients with COVID‐19.
    keywords: covid-19; eye; onset; patients; subjects; surface; symptoms
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        item: #4106 of 5187
          id: cord-333868-qrnsmhws
      author: Rothman, Richard E.
       title: Respiratory Hygiene in the Emergency Department
        date: 2006-08-23
       words: 7439
      flesch: 30
     summary: 4 Internationally, health care worker infection has proven to account for up to 42% of SARS cases in Canada and approximately 25% of cases in Hong Kong. The purpose of this report is to summarize, from both the peer-reviewed literature and public health sources (eg, from the CDC), information most relevant to ED respiratory infection control.
    keywords: care; control; emergency; health; hospital; infection; influenza; isolation; patients; public; risk; sars; transmission; workers
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        item: #4107 of 5187
          id: cord-333897-isodrtly
      author: Shenoy, Niraj
       title: Considerations for target oxygen saturation in COVID-19 patients: are we under-shooting?
        date: 2020-08-19
       words: 2843
      flesch: 30
     summary: key: cord-333897-isodrtly authors: Shenoy, Niraj; Luchtel, Rebecca; Gulani, Perminder title: Considerations for target oxygen saturation in COVID-19 patients: are we under-shooting? date: 2020-08-19 journal: BMC Med DOI: 10.1186/s12916-020-01735-2 sha: doc_id: 333897 cord_uid: isodrtly BACKGROUND: The current target oxygen saturation range for patients with COVID-19 recommended by the National Institutes of Health is 92–96%. Finally, it discusses potential implications of specific clinical observations and considerations in COVID-19 patients on target oxygen saturation, such as diffuse systemic endothelitis and microthrombi playing an important pathogenic role in the wide range of systemic manifestations, exacerbation of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction in the setting of pulmonary vascular endothelitis/microthrombi, the phenomenon of “silent hypoxemia” with some patients presenting to the hospital with severe hypoxemia disproportional to symptoms, and overburdened health systems and public health resources in many parts of the world with adverse implications on outpatient monitoring and early institution of oxygen supplementation.
    keywords: ace2; covid-19; expression; oxygen; patients; saturation; target
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        item: #4108 of 5187
          id: cord-333909-uco4c946
      author: Murray, Meghan T.
       title: Mitigating a COVID-19 Outbreak Among Major League Baseball Players — United States, 2020
        date: 2020-10-23
       words: 2989
      flesch: 43
     summary: No other COVID-19 outbreaks have spread to opposing MLB team members (7, 8) . Investigators received from MLB a deidentified line list of team members with diagnosed COVID-19, a timeline of the outbreak response, the duration of on-field play by potentially infectious persons (within 24 hours before the date of collection of the test-positive specimen), contact tracing procedures, and the MLB health and safety protocols.
    keywords: covid-19; members; mlb; players; staff; team; tier
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        item: #4109 of 5187
          id: cord-333929-oprpgcyr
      author: Lee, Justin
       title: Impact of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome on Patient Access to Palliative Radiation Therapy
        date: 2005-01-31
       words: 2327
      flesch: 50
     summary: These included personal protective devices, patient and staff screening before entering hospitals, and restrictions on the transfer of patients between all health care facilities. Patients referred to the RRRP include patients with painful bony metastases, brain or lung metastases, bleeding, or painful masses.
    keywords: cancer; patients; period; sars
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        item: #4110 of 5187
          id: cord-333999-k92fmnq7
      author: Yang, Chih-Jen
       title: Remdesivir Use in the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: A Mini-Review
        date: 2020-10-05
       words: 2591
      flesch: 30
     summary: Engineering (Beijing) Novel coronavirus treatment with ribavirin: Groundwork for an evaluation concerning COVID-19 A trial of lopinavir-ritonavir in adults hospitalized with severe COVID-19 An open-label cluster-randomized controlled trial of chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine or only supportive care in patients admitted with moderate to severe COVID-19 (ARCHAIC)-protocol publication Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: results of an open-label non-randomized clinical trial Clinical and microbiological effect of a combination of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin in 80 COVID-19 patients with at least a six-day follow up: A pilot observational study Effective treatment of severe COVID-19 patients with tocilizumab Risk factors associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome and death in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia in Wuhan, China Clinical evidence does not support corticosteroid treatment for 2019-nCoV lung injury Effect of colchicine vs standard care on cardiac and inflammatory biomarkers and clinical outcomes in patients hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019: All compassionate-use treatments and clinical trials involved the administration of remdesivir at a 200-mg loading dose on the first day, with a 100-mg maintenance dose for 9 subsequent days 26, 28, 30, 59, 60 ; this regime is identical to that utilized in the previous Ebola trial 61 , which appears to be the model for all subsequent trials involving remdesivir.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; patients; remdesivir; sars; treatment; use
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        item: #4111 of 5187
          id: cord-334012-b2akycst
      author: Liguori, Claudio
       title: Sleep and wake impairment in patients with SARS-CoV2 infection
        date: 2020-07-17
       words: 476
      flesch: 25
     summary: In this pandemic contest, clinicians should be aware of the possibility that extra-pulmonary symptoms may happen in patients with non-severe respiratory form of COVID-19; specifically, neurological symptoms merit clinical attention and appropriate treatments in order to reduce the patients' disease burden. [3] [4] Our NeuroCOVID-19 group performed a prospective observational study focused on the occurrence of subjective neurological symptoms in hospitalized patients with a non-severe respiratory form of COVID-19.
    keywords: patients; sleep
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        item: #4112 of 5187
          id: cord-334049-r3rlykli
      author: Lobo-Galo, Naún
       title: FDA-approved thiol-reacting drugs that potentially bind into the SARS-CoV-2 main protease, essential for viral replication
        date: 2020-05-14
       words: 4136
      flesch: 27
     summary: Moreover, it also possesses antiviral activity against hepatitis C virus (Lee et al., 2016) ; and remarkably, it was recently suggested as an inhibitor of the papain-like proteases of related SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV (Lin et al., 2018) . The fact that DSF acts as a competitive inhibitor on the papain-like protease of SARS-CoV-1 (Lin et al., 2018) , together with the high similarity of this protease with the 3LC pro of SAR-CoV-2, support this hypothesis.
    keywords: captopril; cov-2; disulfiram; drug; dsf; et al; potential; protease; sars
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        item: #4113 of 5187
          id: cord-334099-rtv6xm90
      author: Farrow, Robert
       title: Early Multi-organ Point-of-Care Ultrasound Evaluation of Respiratory Distress During SARS-CoV-2 Outbreak: Case Report
        date: 2020-04-15
       words: 2042
      flesch: 36
     summary: Our early, multi-organ ultrasound first strategy in the evaluation of the severely dyspneic patient centers on not assuming all patients who arrive in our ED during this large wave of patients are purely pulmonary in nature (even though we recognize the high prevalence of disease), and How might this improve emergency medicine practice? Multiorgan-POCUS has the potential to reduce diagnostic uncertainty in dyspneic patients and help limit use of other imaging modalities. using a multi-organ POCUS examination to help guide initial treatment and resuscitation. Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) examinations of patients with acute respiratory distress have been demonstrated to be useful for patients with acute unexplained dyspnea in the emergency department (ED).
    keywords: cov-2; lung; patients; sars; ultrasound
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        item: #4114 of 5187
          id: cord-334162-j8m2zqbr
      author: Hoechter, D. J.
       title: Besonderheiten der kardiopulmonalen Reanimation zu Zeiten von SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-07-15
       words: 1396
      flesch: 34
     summary: März 2020 Coronavirus-Krankheit-2019 (COVID-19) von der Weltgesundheitsorganisation zur Pandemie erklärt Schutzausrüstung anlegen, um danach mit Thoraxkompressionen und der weiteren Behandlung fortzufahren
    keywords: bei; covid-19; der; des; die; eine; mit; patienten; resuscitation; sars; und; von; werden
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        item: #4115 of 5187
          id: cord-334175-x10bbv7y
      author: Okur, Hacer Kuzu
       title: Preliminary report of In vitro and In vivo Effectiveness of Dornase alfa on SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-09-07
       words: 4029
      flesch: 46
     summary: key: cord-334175-x10bbv7y authors: Okur, Hacer Kuzu; Yalcin, Koray; Tastan, Cihan; Demir, Sevda; Yurtsever, Bulut; Sir, Gozde; Kancagi, Derya Dilek; Abanuz, Selen; Seyis, Utku; Zengin, Rehile; Hemsinlioglu, Cansu; Kara, Mujdat; Yildiz, Mehmet Erdem; Deliceo, Elif; Birgen, Nur; Pelit, Nil Banu; Cuhadaroglu, Caglar; Kocagoz, Ayse Sesin; Ovali, Ercument title: Preliminary report of In vitro and In vivo Effectiveness of Dornase alfa on SARS-CoV-2 infection date: 2020-09-07 journal: New Microbes New Infect DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2020.100756 sha: doc_id: 334175 cord_uid: x10bbv7y Dornase alfa, the recombinant form of the human DNase I enzyme, breaks down neutrophil extracellular traps (NET) that include a vast amount of DNA fragments, histones, microbicidal proteins and oxidant enzymes released from necrotic neutrophils in the highly viscous mucus of cystic fibrosis patients.
    keywords: alfa; cells; cov-2; covid-19; dornase; fibrosis; fig; patients; sars; treatment
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        item: #4116 of 5187
          id: cord-334188-bggt1i2e
      author: Solari, Domenico
       title: The nose lid for the endoscopic endonasal procedures during COVID-19 era: technical note
        date: 2020-08-11
       words: 2607
      flesch: 36
     summary: Nonetheless, it remains advisable to strictly adhere to COVID-19 protocols and carefully evaluate patients and procedures, in order to ensure safety and eventually limit the contagion. Helmet modification to PPE with 3D printing during the COVID-19 pandemic at Duke University Medical Center: a novel technique SAGES and EAES recommendations for minimally invasive surgery during COVID-19 pandemic Safety recommendations for evaluation and surgery of the head and neck during the COVID-19 pandemic Covid-19 patients and surgery: guidelines and checklist proposal Letter: The Risk of COVID-19 infection during neurosurgical procedures: a review of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) modes of transmission and proposed neurosurgery-specific measures for mitigation Applications of 3D printing technology to address COVID-19 related supply shortages COVID-19 pandemic: effects and evidence-based recommendations for otolaryngology and head and neck surgery practice High risk of COVID-19 infection for head and neck surgeons Endonasal neurosurgery during the COVID-19 pandemic: the Singapore perspective Sichuan University Covid-ERG (2020) Epidemiology, treatment, and epidemic prevention and control of the coronavirus disease 2019: a review Letter: precautions for endoscopic transnasal skull base surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic
    keywords: covid-19; lid; mask; nose; pandemic; patients; surgery
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        item: #4117 of 5187
          id: cord-334194-28ygsbo1
      author: Qiu, Tianyi
       title: Identification of potential cross-protective epitope between a new type of coronavirus (2019-nCoV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome virus
        date: 2020-02-20
       words: 1754
      flesch: 45
     summary: As conformational epitopes can be influenced by various factors such as mutation/insertion/deletion, structure change, or neighboring mutations, examining sequence conservation alone is usually not enough to evaluate the similarity of epitope regions among viruses. S1 indicates, epitope region 3 is located in S1 domain, which is far from the important ACE2-binding site.
    keywords: covs; epitope; ncov; protein; sars
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        item: #4118 of 5187
          id: cord-334210-lhadzo7o
      author: Lepak, Alexander J
       title: Utility of Repeat Nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR Testing and Refinement of Diagnostic Stewardship Strategies at a Tertiary Care Academic Center in a low Prevalence Area of the United States
        date: 2020-08-27
       words: 3674
      flesch: 46
     summary: Advice on which procedures met criteria was circulated to all providers, but, as with repeat PUI testing, proper test utilization was not actively enforced. The remainder of inpatients tested negative on repeat PUI testing.
    keywords: negative; pui; repeat; sars; testing
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        item: #4119 of 5187
          id: cord-334220-sqvfr31q
      author: Messina, Francesco
       title: Looking for pathways related to COVID-19 phenotypes: Confirmation of pathogenic mechanisms by SARS-CoV-2 - Host interactome
        date: 2020-11-03
       words: 4228
      flesch: 28
     summary: We provide a network analysis on protein–protein interactions (PPI) between viral and host proteins to better identify host biological responses, induced by both whole proteome of SARS-CoV-2 and specific viral proteins. The ubiquitin proteasome system deletes viral proteins to control the infection, but the virus can use them for its propagation (34) .
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; host; human; infection; interactions; interactome; pathways; patients; proteins; sars
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        item: #4120 of 5187
          id: cord-334228-n69iewmx
      author: Li, Chunmei
       title: Conformational Flexibility of a Short Loop near the Active Site of the SARS-3CLpro is Essential to Maintain Catalytic Activity
        date: 2016-02-16
       words: 4665
      flesch: 54
     summary: Analytical gel filtration and sedimentation velocity methods were used to check whether both the GRQ and GLRQ mutants maintain monomer structure. For the mutant GLRQ, the loop conformation and active site structure transitioned between inactive and active structures regardless of whether the simulation started from an inactive conformation or an active conformation.
    keywords: activity; conformation; dimer; enzyme; glrq; monomer; sars-3clpro; structure; substrate
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        item: #4121 of 5187
          id: cord-334268-n2hon61o
      author: Ren, Yanfang
       title: Risk for dental healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 global pandemic: an evidence-based assessment
        date: 2020-07-18
       words: 6871
      flesch: 37
     summary: Our literature review focused on the following areas: prevalence of asymptomatic COVID-19 patients in the community, probability and potential outcomes from transmission from asymptomatic patients, effectiveness of PPE (N95 masks), and the infection fatality rate of COVID-19. Information on saliva viral load and viability in COVID-19 patients, especially in asymptomatic patients, are scarce.
    keywords: asymptomatic; cases; cov-2; covid-19; dental; infection; patients; risk; sars; transmission
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        item: #4122 of 5187
          id: cord-334277-g3go3u02
      author: Kovac, Marc
       title: EDTA-Anticoagulated Whole Blood for SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Testing by Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay (ECLIA) and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)
        date: 2020-08-14
       words: 4729
      flesch: 48
     summary: The fact that whole blood was successfully utilized in the investigated test formats suggests that capillary blood samples, if properly taken, might also be suitable for SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing-not only with lateral flow test formats, but also immunoassays of higher quality. In receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis, all three assays displayed comparable diagnostic accuracy (area under the curve (AUC)) using corrected whole blood and serum (AUCs: 0.97 for ECLIA and IgG ELISA; 0.84 for IgA ELISA).
    keywords: blood; elisa; hematocrit; igg; results; samples; sars; serum
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        item: #4123 of 5187
          id: cord-334278-ajdjfzd2
      author: Gilis, M.
       title: Caractéristiques de la COVID-19 chez les patients âgés de 75 ans et plus, hospitalisés
        date: 2020-09-30
       words: 2157
      flesch: 63
     summary: (0,4 %), Enterovirus -4 (0,9 %), M. pneumoniae -1 (0,2 %), Virus Respiratoire syncytial -1 (0,2 %), infection mixte hors SARS-CoV-2 -4 (0,9 %). Les symptômes d'anosmie, fièvre et céphalées étaient plus fréquemment présents chez les sujets avec SARS-CoV2 comparés aux autres pathogènes (respectivement 26,3 % vs 2,7 %, p < 0,00001 ; 78,9 % vs 64,9 %, p < 0,02 ;
    keywords: ans; des; les; patients; sars; une; été
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        item: #4124 of 5187
          id: cord-334299-0zn1z7rc
      author: Ahmed, Warish
       title: Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater: Methods optimisation and quality control are crucial for generating reliable public health information
        date: 2020-09-30
       words: 1374
      flesch: 35
     summary: The review highlights areas for potential standardization including considerations related to sampling timing and frequency relative to peak fecal loading times; inclusion of appropriate information on sample volume collected; sample collection points; transport and storage conditions; sample concentration and processing; RNA extraction process and performance; effective volumes; PCR inhibition; process controls throughout sample collection and processing; PCR standard curve performance; and recovery efficiency testing. In order to obtain high quality RNA of SARS-CoV-2 for RT-qPCR analysis, several factors need to be 279 considered, including the RNA extraction procedures, the concentration, purity, and integrity of the While wastewater surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 has the potential to act as an early warning system, 329 the merit for WBE will be influenced by site selection and can only be realised with rapid turnround.
    keywords: cov-2; rna; sars; wastewater
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        item: #4125 of 5187
          id: cord-334300-hnrmaytm
      author: Ventura Fernandes, Bianca H
       title: Zebrafish studies on the vaccine candidate to COVID-19, the Spike protein: Production of antibody and adverse reaction
        date: 2020-10-20
       words: 1803
      flesch: 24
     summary: key: cord-334300-hnrmaytm authors: Ventura Fernandes, Bianca H; Feitosa, Natália Martins; Barbosa, Ana Paula; Bomfim, Camila Gasque; Garnique, Anali M. B.; Gomes, Francisco I. F.; Nakajima, Rafael T.; Belo, Marco A. A.; Eto, Silas Fernandes; Fernandes, Dayanne Carla; Malafaia, Guilherme; Manrique, Wilson G.; Conde, Gabriel; Rosales, Roberta R. C.; Todeschini, Iris; Rivero, Ilo; Llontop, Edgar; Sgro, German G.; Oka, Gabriel Umaji; Bueno, Natalia F; Ferraris, Fausto K.; de Magalhaes, Mariana T. Q.; Medeiros, Renata J.; Gomes, Juliana M. M; de Souza Junqueira, Mara; Conceição, Katia; Pontes, Letícia G.; Condino-Neto, Antonio; Perez, Andrea C.; Barcellos, Leonardo J. G.; Correa junior, Jose Dias; Dorlass, Erick G.; Camara, Niels O. S; Durigon, Edison Luiz; Cunha, Fernando Q.; Nóbrega, Rafael H.; Machado-Santelli, Glaucia M.; Farah, Chuck; Veras, Flávio P; Galindo-Villegas, Jorge; Costa-Lotufo, Leticia; Cunha, Thiago M.; Chammas, Roger; Guzzo, Cristiane R.; Carvalho, Luciani R; Charlie-Silva, Ives title: Zebrafish studies on the vaccine candidate to COVID-19, the Spike protein: Production of antibody and adverse reaction date: 2020-10-20 journal: bioRxiv DOI: 10.1101/2020.10.20.346262 sha: doc_id: 334300 cord_uid: hnrmaytm Establishing new experimental animal models to assess the safety and immune response to the antigen used in the development of COVID-19 vaccine is an imperative issue. The zebrafish reference genome sequence 906 and its relationship to the human genome Zebrafish as an 909 alternative animal model in human and animal vaccination research Potential of mucoadhesive 912 nanocapsules in drug release and toxicology in zebrafish Zebrafish as tools for drug discovery Developing Covid-19 Vaccines at 917 Pandemic Speed A Comprehensive Review of Animal Models 920 for Coronaviruses: SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 923 infections among 3 species of non-human Affiliations Non-invasive bioluminescence imaging of HCoV-925 OC43 infection and therapy in the central nervous system of live mice An alpaca nanobody neutralizes 928 SARS-CoV-2 by blocking receptor interaction Equine hyperimmune globulin raised 931 against the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein has extremely high neutralizing 932 titers Development of a 934 hyperimmune equine serum therapy for COVID-19 in Argentina Serological survey of SARS-CoV-2 for experimental, 937 domestic, companion and wild animals excludes intermediate hosts of 35 938 different species of animals The Zebrafish Disease and Drug Screening Model: A Strong 941 Ally Against Covid-19 Tracking Mechanisms of Viral Dissemination In Vivo A Contemporary View of Coronavirus 946 Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in 948 patients with COVID-19 Maternal transfer and protective role of 951 antibodies in zebrafish Danio rerio Role of maternally derived immunity in fish Breast Milk-fed&nbsp;Infant of COVID-956 19&nbsp SARS-CoV-2 S1 and S2 subunits-and nucleocapsid protein-reactive SIgM/IgM IgA antibodies in human milk Acute transverse myelitis after 963 COVID-19 pneumonia Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with 966 acute respiratory distress syndrome Patients -An MRI-based 3-month Follow-up Study Cerebral Venous Thrombosis Associated 972 with COVID-19 Effects of COVID-19 on the Nervous System Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection Causes Neuronal Death in the 981 Absence of Encephalitis in Mice Transgenic for Human ACE2 Pathological study of the 2019 novel coronavirus 984 disease (COVID-19) through postmortem core biopsies COVID-19 Infection 987 and Neurological Complications: Present Findings and Future Predictions COVID-19-associated acute necrotizing 990 myelitis Pathogenesis and Diagnosis of Viral 993 Infections of the Nervous System Neurologic and Radiographic Findings 996 Associated With COVID-19 Infection in Children
    keywords: animal; cov-2; covid-19; human; sars; study; zebrafish
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        item: #4126 of 5187
          id: cord-334309-rddznfax
      author: Craver, Randall
       title: Fatal Eosinophilic Myocarditis in a Healthy 17-Year-Old Male with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2c)
        date: 2020-05-13
       words: 1678
      flesch: 42
     summary: Clinical predictors of mortality due to COVID-19 based on an analysis of data of 150 patients from Wuhan, China Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study Clinical characteristics of novel coronavirus cases in tertiary hospitals in Hubei Province Cardiac troponin I in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Evidence from a meta-analysis Coronavirus fulminant myocarditis saved with glucocorticoid and human immunoglobulin Cardiovascular considerations for patients, health care workers, and health systems during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic Is there an association between COVID-19 mortality and the renin-angiotensin system-a call for epidemiologic investigations Gross examination report of a COVID-19 death autopsy Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome Clinical characteristics of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in newborns, infants and children Clinical and CT features in pediatric patients with COVID-19 infection: Different points from adults Epidemiological characteristics of 2019 novel coronavirus family clustering in Zhejiang Province Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study Eosinophilic Myocarditis: Characteristics, Treatment, and Outcomes Cardiac Involvement in a Patient With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Case series from institutions performing autopsies on COVID-19 patients may at future time further define myocardial pathology as seen in this patient.
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; disease; myocarditis; sars
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        item: #4127 of 5187
          id: cord-334313-v2syspu6
      author: Long, S. Wesley
       title: Molecular Architecture of Early Dissemination and Evolution of the SARS-CoV-2 Virus in Metropolitan Houston, Texas
        date: 2020-05-03
       words: 4531
      flesch: 42
     summary: GISAID sequences containing greater than 1% N characters, and Houston sequences with greater than 5% N characters were removed from consideration. Machine learning models were trained to predict patient metadata categories including mortality, length of stay, inpatient versus outpatient status, ICU admission, overall outcome, gender, age, and ethnicity from viral sequence data.
    keywords: acid; amino; cov-2; covid-19; disease; houston; patients; sars; strains; viral; virus
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        item: #4128 of 5187
          id: cord-334321-3c10ecgd
      author: Arora, S.
       title: Sewage surveillance for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 genome as a useful wastewater based epidemiology (WBE) tracking tool in India
        date: 2020-06-20
       words: 1306
      flesch: 52
     summary: Samples from different local municipal WWTPs and hospital wastewater samples were collected and wastewater based epidemiology (WBE) studies for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 were carried out using the RT-PCR technique to confirm the presence of different COVID-19 target genes namely S gene, E gene, ORF1ab gene, RdRp gene and N gene in the viral load of wastewater samples. provides the first reported evidence of the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in sewage samples 151 of Jaipur, Rajasthan (India) and these findings demonstrate the applicability of WBE or to the sample and mixed by pulse vortexing for 15 seconds.
    keywords: license; medrxiv; preprint
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        item: #4129 of 5187
          id: cord-334378-dqtnj3y3
      author: Zhang, Yi
       title: Molecular structure analyses suggest strategies to therapeutically target SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-06-10
       words: 1458
      flesch: 40
     summary: Yan et al. describe a cryo-EM structure of the complex of full length human ACE2 with RBD from the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and suggest that two spike protein trimers can simultaneously bind to an ACE2 dimer 7 . By using human clinical-grade recombinant soluble ACE2, Monteil et al. reduced SARS-CoV-2 viral growth by over 10 3fold in Vero cells and suppressed infection in engineered human blood vessel organoids and kidney organoids 14 .
    keywords: ace2; sars; spike
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        item: #4130 of 5187
          id: cord-334425-6zrmavps
      author: SanJuan-Reyes, Sindy
       title: COVID-19 in the environment
        date: 2020-08-14
       words: 2088
      flesch: 10
     summary: The following review aims to analyze information on the implications of COVID-19 infection on human health and the impact of its presence on the environment, from its transmission capacity and the role of air pollutants and climatological factors to reducing the air pollution during confinement. Until now, there are no specific pharmacological treatment or vaccines against COVID-19 infection 104 for potential therapy in humans, so extensive isolation measures and the use of disinfection products 105 have been implemented to reduce their transmission from person to person.
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; disease; sars; transmission
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        item: #4131 of 5187
          id: cord-334430-1udn20wo
      author: Qin, Li
       title: The immunity induced by recombinant spike proteins of SARS coronavirus in Balb/c mice
        date: 2007
       words: 1893
      flesch: 53
     summary: The titers of IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b and IgG3 were 1:12 800, 1:12 800, 1:12 800 and 1:1600 in S1 protein immunized mice and those were 1:12 800, 1:12 800, 1:6400 and 1:400 in S2 protein immunized mice respectively. Recombinant S1 protein elicited high titers of IgG1, IgG2a and IgG2b and S2 protein elicited high titers of IgG1 and IgG2a in mice.
    keywords: coronavirus; mice; protein; sars
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        item: #4132 of 5187
          id: cord-334443-3pyu8ucs
      author: He, Yu
       title: Public health might be endangered by possible prolonged discharge of SARS-CoV-2 in stool
        date: 2020-03-05
       words: 1018
      flesch: 45
     summary: About 27 percent of SARS patients have diarrhea and since full-length genome sequences identified that SARS-CoV-2 is 79.5% identical to SARS-CoV and share the same receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), it is estimated that rate of gastrointestinal symptoms would be higher in patients with COVID-19 The digestive system is a potential route of 2019-nCov infection: a bioinformatics analysis based on single-cell transcriptomes Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China Single-cell RNA expression profiling of ACE2, the putative receptor of Wuhan 2019-nCov Detection and monitoring of SARS coronavirus in the plasma and peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome First case of neonate infected with novel coronavirus pneumonia in China The SARS epidemic in Hong Kong Enteric involvement of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus infection Team TNCPERE
    keywords: cov-2; patients; sars
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        item: #4133 of 5187
          id: cord-334495-7y1la856
      author: Agricola, Eustachio
       title: Heart and Lung Multimodality Imaging in COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-24
       words: 6796
      flesch: 25
     summary: As many as 40% hospitalized patients presenting with COVID-19 have pre-existing history of cardiovascular disease and current estimates report a proportion of myocardial injury in COVID-19 patients ranging up to 12%. The use of integrated heart and lung multimodality imaging plays a central role in different clinical settings and is essential in diagnosis, risk stratification and management of COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: acute; cardiac; chest; cov-2; covid-19; disease; imaging; involvement; lung; lus; patients; respiratory; risk; sars
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        item: #4134 of 5187
          id: cord-334518-mjr6u7ak
      author: Hu, X.
       title: Development and clinical application of a rapid and sensitive loop-mediated isothermalamplification test for SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-05-23
       words: 5165
      flesch: 44
     summary: Additionally, nasopharyngeal swabs from COVID-19 patients had a higher positive rate than sputum specimens in both the RT-qPCR and LAMP assays. Respiratory samples were collected and tested with LAMP and the results were compared with those obtained by RT-qPCR.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; lamp; license; medrxiv; preprint; qpcr; samples; sars
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        item: #4135 of 5187
          id: cord-334540-ggnkdnky
      author: Singh, Pankaj
       title: Entwicklung und Implementierung eines Betriebskonzeptes in einer Universitätsaugenklinik im Rahmen der SARS-CoV-2-Pandemie
        date: 2020-07-01
       words: 1605
      flesch: 37
     summary: Bei infizierten Patienten lässt sich regelhaft (auch schon in der Anfangsphase der Erkrankung) eine hohe Im COVID-Bereich des Haupthauses sind von der Klinik für Augenheilkunde für die Betreuung der Patienten mit zusätzlichen Augenerkrankungen 2 erfahrene Assistenten, die kurz vor ihrer Facharztprüfung stehen, eingesetzt [6] .
    keywords: auch; care; cov-2; covid-19; das; der; des; die; eine; frankfurt; hospital; patienten; sars; und
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        item: #4136 of 5187
          id: cord-334550-xb0alubj
      author: Samaddar, Arghadip
       title: The Enigma of Low COVID-19 Fatality Rate in India
        date: 2020-07-28
       words: 6415
      flesch: 38
     summary: Researchers from Translational Bioinformatics Group at International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB) in collaboration with the Department of Biochemistry, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India, performed an integrated mutational analysis of SARS-CoV-2 genomes from different geographical locations, including India, Italy, United States, Nepal and Wuhan, and observed a novel mutation in S protein (A930V, 24351C>T) of the Indian strain, which was absent in other strains (Sardar et al., 2020) . Genomic sequence data indicate that SARS-CoV-2 has 96.2% sequence homology with a bat coronavirus RaTG13 (Zheng, 2020) , and 91% homology with a pangolin coronavirus (Zhang et al., 2020) .
    keywords: bcg; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; et al; human; indian; mutations; population; sars; strains; virus
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        item: #4137 of 5187
          id: cord-334564-bqh9jkds
      author: Raony, Ícaro
       title: Psycho-Neuroendocrine-Immune Interactions in COVID-19: Potential Impacts on Mental Health
        date: 2020-05-27
       words: 9908
      flesch: 27
     summary: Furthermore, higher serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-6 and IFN-γ) and chemokines were found in SARS patients with severe disease, as compared to individuals with uncomplicated SARS (44) (45) (46) . Therefore, it is possible that the increased levels of IL-6 are related to the cognitive impairments observed in SARS patients.
    keywords: axis; cov-2; covid-19; cytokines; health; immune; infection; isolation; levels; patients; sars; stress; studies; symptoms
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        item: #4138 of 5187
          id: cord-334582-ccg27nmf
      author: Bonora, Benedetta Maria
       title: Glycaemic Control Among People with Type 1 Diabetes During Lockdown for the SARS-CoV-2 Outbreak in Italy
        date: 2020-05-11
       words: 3848
      flesch: 45
     summary: We report the impact of these restrictions on glucose control among people with type 1 diabetes (T1D). What was learned from the study? Individuals with T1D who stopped working during lockdown significantly improved their glucose control while those who continued working (essential services) showed no change in glucose control.
    keywords: control; diabetes; glucose; lockdown; patients; sars; t1d; working
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        item: #4139 of 5187
          id: cord-334584-xh41koro
      author: Dilucca, Maddalena
       title: Temporal evolution and adaptation of SARS-COV 2 codon usage
        date: 2020-05-29
       words: 3958
      flesch: 49
     summary: It is tempting to speculate that N gene accumulates mutations that are do not affect its structure and function, but rather enable it to evade the host's immune responses and enhance SARS-CoV-2's pathogenicity. RSCU measures codon usage bias within a family of synonymous codons.
    keywords: codon; codon usage; cov-2; genes; proteins; sars; usage; values
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        item: #4140 of 5187
          id: cord-334603-yt2pmxi3
      author: de Sousa, Eric
       title: Mortality in COVID-19 disease patients: Correlating Association of Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) with severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants
        date: 2020-07-18
       words: 1797
      flesch: 15
     summary: A Systematic review DRB1*03/DRB3*0101, and DRB3*0202 are susceptibility genes for Graves' disease in North American Caucasians, whereas DRB1*07 is protective E6 and E7 Gene Polymorphisms in Human Papillomavirus Types-58 and 33 Identified in Southwest China Multiple sclerosis and autoimmune diseases: epidemiology and HLA-DR association in North-east Italy Analysis of HLA DP, DQ, and DR allesles in adult Italian rheumatoid arthritis patients Genes for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) of African-Americans HLA-encoded genetic predisposition in IDDM: DR4 subtypes may be associated with different degrees of protection Identification of LFA-1 as a candidate autoantigen in treatment-resistant Lyme arthritis A variant of childhood-onset myasthenia gravis: HLA typing and clinical characteristics in Japan Association of HLA-DRB3*0202 and serum IgG antibodies to Chlamydia pneumoniae with essential hypertension in a highly homogeneous population from Majorca Molecular analysis of HLA class IIassociated susceptibility to neuroinflammatory diseases in Korean children HLA-DPB1 and HLA class I confer risk of and protection from narcolepsy DNA methylation as a mediator of HLA-DRB1*15:01 and a protective variant in multiple sclerosis Professor Ippolito, Sir Zumla and Prof Mohamed Osman are co-investigators investigators of the Pan-African Network on Emerging and Re-emerging Infections (PANDORA-ID-NET) funded by the European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership the EU Horizon 2020 Framework Programme for Research and Innovation. Is ethnicity linked to incidence or outcomes of covid-19? Association of HLA class I with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Association of human-leukocyteantigen class I (B*0703) and class II (DRB1*0301) genotypes with susceptibility and resistance to the development of severe acute respiratory syndrome Homozygous L-SIGN (CLEC4M) plays a protective role in SARS coronavirus infection Black/white differences in leukocyte subpopulations in men HLA studies in the context of coronavirus outbreaks Guillain-Barre syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection: causality or coincidence? Association between human leukocyte antigen-DR and demylinating Guillain-Barre syndrome The MHC locus and genetic susceptibility to autoimmune and infectious diseases Genetics of the HLA region in the prediction of type 1 diabetes Crystal structure of HLA-DQ0602 that protects against type 1 diabetes and confers strong susceptibility to narcolepsy HLA class II molecules influence susceptibility versus protection in inflammatory diseases by determining the cytokine profile DQB1*06:02-Associated Pathogenic Anti-Myelin Autoimmunity in Multiple Sclerosis-Like Disease: Potential Function of DQB1*06:02 as a Disease-Predisposing Allele
    keywords: class; cov-2; covid-19; hla; mhc; sars; susceptibility
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        item: #4141 of 5187
          id: cord-334612-lxqcvqca
      author: Rao, Nirmala
       title: Sars, preschool routines and children’s behaviour: Observations from preschools in Hong Kong
        date: 2006
       words: 4268
      flesch: 60
     summary: As in other societies, pedagogical practices in Hong Kong preschools are influenced by cultural beliefs about early learning. Others changes in routines in Hong Kong preschools are a reflection of their specific circumstances and broader Chinese beliefs of learning.
    keywords: children; closure; government; hong; kindergartens; kong; learning; preschools; questions; sars
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        item: #4142 of 5187
          id: cord-334624-chnibsa1
      author: Hayn, Manuel
       title: Imperfect innate immune antagonism renders SARS-CoV-2 vulnerable towards IFN-γ and -λ
        date: 2020-10-30
       words: 5379
      flesch: 46
     summary: Our data showed that ORF3a and ORF7a are the most potent autophagy antagonists of SARS-CoV-2 206 ( Fig. SARS-CoV-1 ORF6 is about 4-fold less potent in antagonizing type I IFN signaling (Fig. 243 4b) but induces higher levels of autophagy (Fig. 4c) .
    keywords: autophagy; cov-2; fig; ifn; nsp15; orf3a; proteins; sars; signaling; treatment; type
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        item: #4143 of 5187
          id: cord-334628-axon4jdc
      author: Lee, Saemi
       title: Genetic Characteristics of Coronaviruses from Korean Bats in 2016
        date: 2017-07-19
       words: 3233
      flesch: 61
     summary: In this study, bat samples (332 oral swabs, 245 fecal samples, 38 urine samples, and 57 bat carcasses) were collected at 33 natural bat habitat sites in South Korea. However, little research has been conducted on bat coronaviruses in South Korea.
    keywords: bat; bats; coronaviruses; cov; covs; samples; sars; sequences; species
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        item: #4144 of 5187
          id: cord-334688-0i1pu8wc
      author: Martos Pérez, F.
       title: Comorbidity and prognostic factors on admission in a COVID-19 cohort of a general hospital
        date: 2020-08-19
       words: 3447
      flesch: 50
     summary: Caused by SARS-CoV-2: A Prospective Cohort Study Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan ACP risk grade: a simple mortality index for patients with confirmed or suspected severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 disease (COVID-19) during the early stage of outbreak in Wuhan Development and external validation of a prognostic multivariable model on admission for hospitalized patients with Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. Informe sobre el reporte de casos de COVID-19 Enfermedad por el coronavirus (COVID-19) Gobierno de España; 2020 abr Prediction models for diagnosis and prognosis of covid-19 infection: systematic review and critical appraisal Prediction of criticality in patients with severe Covid-19 infection using three clinical features: a machine learning-based prognostic model with clinical data in Wuhan Association of radiologic findings with mortality of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Predicting COVID-19 malignant progression with AI techniques Predictors of Mortality for Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; hospital; mean; mortality; patients; sars; study
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        item: #4145 of 5187
          id: cord-334695-cjxlw1tu
      author: Kam, Yiu-Wing
       title: Cleavage of the SARS Coronavirus Spike Glycoprotein by Airway Proteases Enhances Virus Entry into Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells In Vitro
        date: 2009-11-17
       words: 6416
      flesch: 38
     summary: CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: These results suggest that SARS S-protein is susceptible to airway protease cleavage and, furthermore, that protease mediated enhancement of virus entry depends on specific conformation of SARS S-protein upon ACE2 binding. Altogether, we have identified at least two amino acid residues which are sensitive to airway protease cleavage in vitro and may be important for in vivo virus entry and fusion.
    keywords: airway; cells; cleavage; cov; covpp; entry; envelope; figure; fusion; glycoprotein; proteases; sars; spike; virus
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        item: #4146 of 5187
          id: cord-334715-902pfxyz
      author: Sirico, Domenico
       title: Cardiac imaging in congenital heart disease during the coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic: recommendations from the Working Group on Congenital Heart Disease of the Italian Society of Cardiology
        date: 2020-06-01
       words: 2549
      flesch: 32
     summary: CT and MR machine gantries, and reporting stations (monitor, mouse and keyboards) should be sanitized after every contact with suspected patients. (2) Scheduled echocardiogram in known CHD patient whose cardiac status has changed from previous ultrasound investigation but is otherwise clinically stable.
    keywords: cardiac; covid-19; gloves; hands; infection; patients; wash
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        item: #4147 of 5187
          id: cord-334717-zg9f19p8
      author: Chung, Mina K.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 and ACE2: The biology and clinical data settling the ARB and ACEI controversy
        date: 2020-08-06
       words: 6060
      flesch: 38
     summary: In these models lung ACE2 is decreased and ACE-dependent Ang II production is increased, implicating loss of ACE2 protective effects. The early availability of sequence information of virus isolates facilitated structural studies confirming the binding of SARS CoV-2 spike protein to ACE2.
    keywords: ace2; acei; ang; angiotensin; arb; converting; cov-2; covid-19; enzyme; lung; patients; protein; receptor; sars; spike
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        item: #4148 of 5187
          id: cord-334735-up81jotp
      author: Gillissen, Adrian
       title: Das schwere akute Atemwegssyndrom (SARS)
        date: 2003
       words: 1300
      flesch: 48
     summary: Preliminary clinical description of severe acute respiratory syndrome Epidemiological determinants of spread of causal agent of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Infectious diseases: deferring competition, global nets closes on SARS Early therapy with neuraminidase inhibitor oseltamivir maximizes its efficacy in influenza treatment Guideline on management of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Efficacy and safety of zanamivir in patients with influenza -impact of age, severity of infections and specific risk factors SARS-associated coronavirus A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome A major outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Textbook of influenza SARS: imaging of severe acute respiratory syndrome The use of corticosteroids in SARS Coronavirus as possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Identification of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Canada Comparative fulllength genome sequence analysis of 14 SARS coronavirus isolates and common mutations associated with putative origins of infection A cluster of cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Antivirale Therapie und Prophylaxe der Influenza Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): infection control eine Proteinaseninhibition die Ausbreitung des Virus im [8] Coronavirus main proteinase (3CL pro ) structure: basis of design of anti-SARS drugs Beijing doctor alleges SARS cases cover up in China Centers of Disease Control.
    keywords: bei; cases; coronavirus; der; disease; sars; syndrome; und
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        item: #4149 of 5187
          id: cord-334773-yw2qgv13
      author: Lisco, Giuseppe
       title: Hypothesized mechanisms explaining poor prognosis in type 2 diabetes patients with COVID-19: a review
        date: 2020-08-10
       words: 7912
      flesch: 27
     summary: Unfortunately, inconclusive deductions are currently available for considering concomitant medications favourable (as well as detrimental) factors in COVID-19 patients with T2D. Despite some putative mechanisms have been identified and some speculative hypothesis have also been formulated indicating that some anti-diabetes medications may improve clinical course in COVID-19 (pioglitazone, gliflozins, DPP-IV inhibitors, GLP-1RA), further studies are needed to clarify the issue. Considering that pancreatic islets express ACE 2 , glucose impairment in COVID-19 diabetic patients could be attributable to a partial insulin deficiency
    keywords: cardiovascular; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; diabetes; disease; glucose; immune; infection; obesity; patients; prognosis; response; risk; sars; t2d
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        item: #4150 of 5187
          id: cord-334790-lav794w0
      author: Jin, Huijuan
       title: Consensus for prevention and management of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) for neurologists
        date: 2020-04-01
       words: 3564
      flesch: 46
     summary: Therefore, neurologists should be vigilant when seeing COVID-19 infected patients and look for any signs suspicious for intracranial infection, and if possible, MRI of head with and without contrast should be performed. In other patients, their temperature may drop, but their pneumonia actually progressed.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; patients; sars; symptoms; treatment
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        item: #4151 of 5187
          id: cord-334833-7gv1c7we
      author: Ding, Yanqing
       title: The clinical pathology of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): a report from China
        date: 2003-07-01
       words: 2615
      flesch: 44
     summary: The pulmonary lesions included bilateral extensive consolidation, localized haemorrhage and necrosis, desquamative pulmonary alveolitis and bronchitis, proliferation and desquamation of alveolar epithelial cells, exudation of protein and monocytes, lymphocytes and plasma cells in alveoli, hyaline membrane formation, and viral inclusion bodies in alveolar epithelial cells. There was desquamative alveolitis and bronchitis, with proliferation and desquamation of alveolar epithelial cells (CK, EMA positive) (Figure 2 ), exudation of mononuclear cells, lymphocytes and plasma cells (CD68, LCA positive) (Figure 3) , and alveolar oedema.
    keywords: cases; cells; lymphocytes; monocytes; necrosis; sars
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        item: #4152 of 5187
          id: cord-334849-8rblgq9b
      author: LoPresti, Marissa
       title: The Role of Host Genetic Factors in Coronavirus Susceptibility: Review of Animal and Systematic Review of Human Literature
        date: 2020-08-12
       words: 7295
      flesch: 36
     summary: Human host genetic studies on coronavirus have largely been candidate-driven to date (see Tables 1 and S2 and Figures 3 and 4 for details on human studies, including specific references), though many hypothesis-free studies on COVID-19 are in various phases of completion. 46 Following up these data through host genetic studies using case and controls will help further examine variants in these and other genes.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; factors; genes; host; human; infection; receptor; sars; species; studies; susceptibility
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        item: #4153 of 5187
          id: cord-334858-wxexl0qy
      author: Lozada-Nur, Francina
       title: Dysgeusia in COVID-19: possible mechanisms and implications
        date: 2020-06-27
       words: 1842
      flesch: 38
     summary: Inflammatory cytokines such as IFN can trigger apoptosis and therefore may cause abnormal turnover in taste buds, which may result in net losses of taste bud cells and/or skewing the representation of different types of taste cells and ultimately lead to the development of taste dysfunction. Less likely seems to be the involvement of the central nervous system (CNS), as usually CSN manifestations (e,g, meningitis/encephalitis) in COVID-19 patients last longer and are less frequent than dysgeusia.
    keywords: covid-19; dysgeusia; patients; sars; taste; zinc
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        item: #4154 of 5187
          id: cord-334884-ig6n9cet
      author: Jiménez-Alberto, Alicia
       title: Virtual screening of approved drugs as potential SARS-CoV-2 main protease inhibitors
        date: 2020-06-25
       words: 4078
      flesch: 38
     summary: These reports use computational approaches to identify molecules with Mpro inhibitory potential; however, our work is the only one that considers the flexibility of the active site, which allowed us to propose a greater diversity of potential Mpro inhibitors. (Jin et al., 2020) .
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; drugs; et al; inhibitors; mpro; potential; protease; sars; screening
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        item: #4155 of 5187
          id: cord-334891-4jgtxg07
      author: Choudhury, Abhigyan
       title: In silico analyses on the comparative sensing of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA by intracellular TLRs of human
        date: 2020-11-11
       words: 2937
      flesch: 43
     summary: The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases Recognition of GU-rich polyadenylation regulatory 13 elements by human CstF-64 protein Coronavirus infections and immune responses The Proteins of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 18 (SARS CoV-2 or n-COV19), the Cause of COVID-19 Identifying discriminative classification-based motifs 21 in biological sequences Learning Framework for 1 Robust and Accurate Prediction of ncRNA-Protein Interactions Using Evolutionary 2 Information Predicting RNA-Protein Interactions Using Only 5 Sequence Information HDOCK: a web server for protein-protein 8 and protein-DNA/RNA docking based on a hybrid strategy PLIP: fully automated 11 protein-ligand interaction profiler iMODS: internal coordinates 14 normal mode analysis server Designing of a novel multi-epitope peptide based 17 vaccine against Brugia malayi: 15 Our study focuses principally on the interactions of the intracellular TLRs with the mRNA 16 fragments, and molecular docking studies play a pivotal role in this study by precisely Table S1 .
    keywords: binding; complex; cov-2; figure; mrna; protein; sars; studies; tlrs
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        item: #4156 of 5187
          id: cord-334945-lxowaacg
      author: Luo, Yi
       title: Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Household Contacts of a Healthcare Provider, Wuhan, China
        date: 2020-08-17
       words: 1806
      flesch: 38
     summary: An early report from China on 72,314 COVID-19 cases found that only 1% of SARS-CoV-2 infections were asymptomatic; however, asymptomatic close contacts were not routinely tested in that study (7) . Asymptomatic infected household contacts of healthcare workers with coronavirus disease might be underrecognized.
    keywords: asymptomatic; contacts; cov-2; covid-19; sars
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        item: #4157 of 5187
          id: cord-334960-l5q5wc06
      author: Park, Su Eun
       title: Epidemiology, virology, and clinical features of severe acute respiratory syndrome -coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2; Coronavirus Disease-19)
        date: 2020-04-02
       words: 3767
      flesch: 52
     summary: Summary of probable SARS cases with onset of illness from 1 World Health Organization Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia World Health Organization. It is notable that SARS-CoV infection was not declared a pandemic despite of 8,096 confirmed cases leading to 774 deaths during the 8-month period since the first report of SARS case on November 16, 2002 .
    keywords: coronavirus; cov; cov-2; covid-19; pneumonia; sars; syndrome; transmission
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        item: #4158 of 5187
          id: cord-334973-jemeyudi
      author: Wu, Dingye
       title: Analysis of the lymphocyte count in type 2 diabetic patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19): A retrospective study in a centralized treatment center
        date: 2020-07-22
       words: 2430
      flesch: 48
     summary: This study aims to analyze the characteristics of lymphocyte count in COVID-19 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In summary, COVID-19 patients with T2DM experience a faster decline in lymphocyte count, have lower lymphocyte count, and longer hospital stay than non-diabetic patients.
    keywords: count; covid-19; days; lymphocyte; patients; sars
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        item: #4159 of 5187
          id: cord-334976-53cd16w5
      author: Jo, Seri
       title: Flavonoids with inhibitory activity against SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro
        date: 2020-08-04
       words: 3681
      flesch: 50
     summary: The molecular biology of coronaviruses A human coronavirus responsible for the common cold massively kills dendritic cells but not monocytes SARS and MERS: recent insights into emerging coronaviruses A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China Analysis of therapeutic targets for SARS-CoV-2 and discovery of potential drugs by computational methods Genomic characterization of the 2019 novel human-pathogenic coronavirus isolated from a patient with atypical pneumonia after visiting Wuhan Profiling of substrate specificities of 3C-like proteases from group 1, 2a, 2b, and 3 coronaviruses Characterization of SARS main protease and inhibitor assay using a fluorogenic substrate Prediction and biochemical analysis of putative cleavage sites of the 3C-like protease of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus The enlarged view represents baicalin in the active site pocket with a semi-transparent view of the molecular surface of SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro. Some flavonoids are known to inhibit 3CLpro from SARS-CoV which causes SARS.
    keywords: 3clpro; assay; baicalin; cov; flavonoids; herbacetin; pectolinarin; protein; sars
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        item: #4160 of 5187
          id: cord-334988-brumg6jh
      author: Traugott, Marianna
       title: Performance of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Antibody Assays in Different Stages of Infection: Comparison of Commercial Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays and Rapid Tests
        date: 2020-05-30
       words: 2246
      flesch: 43
     summary: Although polymerase chain reaction (PCR)based tests quickly became the cornerstone of SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis, the potential of antibody tests has not been comprehensively evaluated. Although test sensitivities were low (<40%) within the first 5 days after disease onset, immunoglobulin (Ig) M, IgA, and total antibody ELISAs increased in sensitivity to >80% between days 6 and 10 after symptom onset.
    keywords: cov-2; onset; patients; sars; tests
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        item: #4161 of 5187
          id: cord-335040-1qa6pe4v
      author: Rogstam, Annika
       title: Crystal Structure of Non-Structural Protein 10 from Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2
        date: 2020-10-06
       words: 7436
      flesch: 52
     summary: Proteins with a significant z-score >20 included SARS nsp10 in the unbound form; SARS, MERS and SARS-CoV-2 nsp16-nsp10 complexes; and the SARS nsp14-nsp10 complex. The protein sequence of SARS nsp10 (NP_828868, 139 residues) was aligned with the Open Reading Frame 1ab (ORF1aB) of SARS-CoV-2 (GenBank: MN908947.3) to identify the location and sequence for nsp10.
    keywords: cov-2; data; figure; nsp10; protein; residues; rna; sars; sedimentation; structure; zinc
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        item: #4162 of 5187
          id: cord-335075-6wo2o5pp
      author: Bangaru, Sandhya
       title: Structural analysis of full-length SARS-CoV-2 spike protein from an advanced vaccine candidate
        date: 2020-08-06
       words: 4725
      flesch: 40
     summary: SARS: the first pandemic of the 21st century A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China Mechanisms of coronavirus cell entry mediated by the viral spike protein SARS-CoV-2 SPIKE PROTEIN: an optimal immunological target for vaccines SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines: Status Report Developing Covid-19 Vaccines at Pandemic Speed Structure, Function, and Evolution of Coronavirus Spike Proteins Tectonic conformational changes of a coronavirus spike glycoprotein promote membrane fusion The coronavirus spike protein is a class I virus fusion protein: structural and functional characterization of the fusion core complex The proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2 A Multibasic Cleavage Site in the Spike Protein of SARS-CoV-2 Is Essential for Infection of Human Lung Cells The receptor binding domain of the viral spike protein is an immunodominant and highly specific target of antibodies in SARS-CoV-2 patients Human coronaviruses OC43 and HKU1 bind to 9-O-acetylated sialic acids via a conserved receptor-binding site in spike protein domain A Identification of sialic acid-binding function for the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike glycoprotein Structures of MERS-CoV spike glycoprotein in complex with sialoside attachment receptors Structural basis of receptor recognition by SARS-CoV-2 Structure, Function, and Antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation Characterization of the SARS-CoV-2 S Protein: Biophysical, Biochemical, Structural, and Antigenic Analysis. Initial 2D classifications revealed the presence of 2 distinct classes: free spike trimers and dimers of trimers ( Figure 2A ).
    keywords: binding; conformation; cov-2; figure; glycans; protein; residues; sars; spike; structure; trimers
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        item: #4163 of 5187
          id: cord-335077-ievtvhge
      author: Hogan, Catherine A.
       title: Comparison of the Accula SARS-CoV-2 Test with a Laboratory-Developed Assay for Detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in Clinical Nasopharyngeal Specimens
        date: 2020-07-23
       words: 2220
      flesch: 45
     summary: The same NP specimen was used for both the reference assay (tested first) and Accula test (tested subsequently) for comparison. Sample pooling as a strategy to detect community transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Comparison of the Panther fusion and a laboratorydeveloped test targeting the envelope gene for detection of SARS-CoV-2 Detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real-time RT-PCR Document library for Accula SARS-CoV-2 test The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data Comparison of commercially available and laboratory developed assays for in vitro detection of SARS-CoV-2 in clinical laboratories The detection of SARS-CoV-2 using the Cepheid Xpert Xpress SARS-CoV-2 and Roche cobas SARS-CoV-2 assays Comparison of Abbott ID NOW, Diasorin Simplexa, and CDC FDA EUA methods for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 from nasopharyngeal and nasal swabs from individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 Comparative performance of SARS-CoV-2 detection assays using seven different primer/probe sets and one assay kit Abbott's fast COVID test poses safety issues, lab workers say We thank the members of the Stanford Health Care Clinical Virology Laboratory, Department of Emergency Medicine, and Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, for their hard work and dedication to patient care.
    keywords: accula; agreement; cov-2; samples; sars; test
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        item: #4164 of 5187
          id: cord-335118-oa9jfots
      author: Taka, E.
       title: Critical Interactions Between the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein and the Human ACE2 Receptor
        date: 2020-09-21
       words: 5314
      flesch: 50
     summary: In SMD simulations of SARS-CoV-2, Cα atoms of ACE2 residues S19-S43, T78-P84, Q325-N330, G352-I358, and P389-R393 were kept fixed, whereas Cα atoms of RBD residues K417-I418, G446-F456, Y473-A475, and N487-Y505 were steered (Fig. 3A) . CR1 releasing last when SARS-CoV-2 RBD was pulled away from ACE2 PD.
    keywords: ace2; binding; cov-2; cr1; fig; interactions; protein; rbd; sars; simulations
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        item: #4165 of 5187
          id: cord-335122-8s3bcyo8
      author: Marshall, Steve
       title: COVID-19: What do we know?
        date: 2020-09-21
       words: 5253
      flesch: 28
     summary: arXiv preprintArXiv:2005.13689 Transmission routes of respiratory viruses among humans Nosocomial transmission of emerging viruses via aerosol-generating medical procedures Comparative dynamic aerosol efficiencies of three emergent coronaviruses and the unusual persistence of SARS-CoV-2 in aerosol suspensions (preprint) Aerosol and Surface Stability of SARS-CoV-2 as Compared with SARS-CoV-1 Stability of SARS-CoV-2 in different environmental conditions The airborne lifetime of small speech droplets and their potential importance in SARS-CoV-2 transmission Small droplet aerosols in poorly ventilated spaces and SARS-CoV-2 transmission Aerosol emission and superemission during human speech increase with voice loudness Respiratory virus RNA is detectable in airborne and droplet particles Viable Influenza A Virus in Airborne Particles Expelled During Coughs versus Exhalations Influenza Other Respir Viruses Modality of human expired aerosol size distributions Short-range airborne route dominates exposure of respiratory infection during close contact Relative contributions of transmission routes for COVID-19 among healthcare professionals providing patient care Saliva is a reliable tool to detect SARS-CoV-2 WHO Scientific Brief: Criteria for releasing COVID-19 patients from isolation Virological assessment of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 Temporal profiles of viral load in posterior oropharyngeal saliva samples and serum antibody responses during infection by SARS-CoV-2: an observational cohort study Temporal dynamics in viral shedding and transmissibility of COVID-19 Spatial and temporal dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 patients: A systemic review Clinical and virologic characteristics of the first 12 patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the United States Prolonged virus shedding even after seroconversion in a patient with COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load in Upper Respiratory Specimens of Infected Patients Epidemiologic Features and Clinical Course of Patients Infected With SARS-CoV-2 in Singapore Clinical and virological data of the first cases of COVID-19 in Europe: a case series Viral load of SARS-CoV-2 in clinical samples Viral dynamics in asymptomatic patients with COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2: The viral shedding vs infectivity dilemma. The results of hospital studies evaluating aerosolization of body fluids and respiratory droplets of SARS-CoV-1 infected patients generated during certain medical AGPs (tracheal intubation, non-invasive ventilation, bronchoscopy, etc.), suggest that airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 may be possible during these procedures.
    keywords: aerosol; agps; cov-2; covid-19; n95; patients; sars; studies; transmission; use; virus
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        item: #4166 of 5187
          id: cord-335137-5qt286kc
      author: Chatterjee, Swapan K.
       title: Molecular Pathogenesis, Immunopathogenesis and Novel Therapeutic Strategy Against COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-11
       words: 7137
      flesch: 38
     summary: The interaction of the virus transmembrane spike (S) glycoprotein with host cell receptors act as the determinant of the pathogenesis. This receptor recognition by viral cell leads to host cell entry of the virus in combination with S-protein priming by the host cell protease TMPRSS2.
    keywords: ace2; cell; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; entry; et al; host; human; infection; protein; receptor; sars; spike; studies
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        item: #4167 of 5187
          id: cord-335155-x9az3twa
      author: Qi, Zhen
       title: Phylogeny of SARS-CoV as inferred from complete genome comparison
        date: 2003
       words: 1617
      flesch: 50
     summary: Their result demonstrated strongly cytoplasmic and membranous staining of infected cells with antibodies related to coronaviruses of group 1 while no staining was identified with any antibodies related to coronaviruses of groups 2 and 3. Hemagglutinin esterase gene, which presents in all coronaviruses of group 2 and some of group 3, does not exist in SARS-CoVand coronaviruses of group 1[2 J , that also support our result that SARS-CoV is closer to coronaviruses of group 1. key: cord-335155-x9az3twa authors: Qi, Zhen; Hu, Yu; Li, Wei; Chen, Yanjun; Zhang, Zhihua; Sun, Shiwei; Lu, Hongchao; Zhang, Jingfen; Bu, Dongbo; Ling, Lunjiang; Chen, Runsheng title: Phylogeny of SARS-CoV as inferred from complete genome comparison date: 2003 journal: Chin Sci Bull DOI: 10.1007/bf03183930 sha: doc_id: 335155 cord_uid: x9az3twa SARS-CoV, as the pathogeny of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), is a mystery that the origin of the virus is still unknown even a few isolates of the virus were completely sequenced.
    keywords: coronaviruses; cov; isolates; sars
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        item: #4168 of 5187
          id: cord-335156-l4jie8g6
      author: Andreozzi, Fabio
       title: Eosinopenia and COVID-19 patients: So specific ?
        date: 2020-06-27
       words: 309
      flesch: 54
     summary: This could be very useful when both Eosinopenia and elevated C-reactive protein facilitate triage of COVID-19 patients in fever clinic: a retrospective casecontrol study Co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 and influenza a virus in patient with pneumonia key: cord-335156-l4jie8g6 authors: Andreozzi, Fabio; Hermans, Cedric; Yombi, Jean Cyr title: Eosinopenia and COVID-19 patients: So specific ? date: 2020-06-27 journal: EClinicalMedicine DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100439 sha: doc_id: 335156 cord_uid: l4jie8g6 nan To The Editor-During the COVID-19 pandemic, eosinopenia was described by Li et al.
    keywords: eosinopenia
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        item: #4169 of 5187
          id: cord-335172-5ig907on
      author: Busse, Laurence W.
       title: COVID-19 and the RAAS—a potential role for angiotensin II?
        date: 2020-04-07
       words: 1671
      flesch: 45
     summary: Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72314 cases from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Critical care utilization for the COVID-19 outbreak in Lombardy, Italy: early experience and forecast during an emergency response Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Care for critically ill patients with COVID-19 Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China SARS-CoV-2 CellEntry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster Susceptibility to SARS coronavirus S protein-driven infection correlates with expression of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 and infection can be blocked by soluble receptor Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus Angiotensin converting enzyme defects in shock: implications for future therapy Angiotensin II up-regulates angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE), but down-regulates ACE2 via the AT1-ERK/p38 MAP kinase pathway Aerobic exercise traininginduced left ventricular hypertrophy involves regulatory MicroRNAs, decreased angiotensin-converting enzyme-angiotensin ii, and synergistic regulation of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2-angiotensin Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition and angiotensin II receptor blockers on cardiac angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 Upregulation of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 after myocardial infarction by blockade of angiotensin II receptors Publisher's Note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations Authors' contributions All authors were major contributors in writing the manuscript. Table 1 Information supporting the use of angiotensin II in COVID-19 disease Increased ACE2 increases infectivity of SARS [6, 10] Decreased ACE2 expression decreases infectivity of SARS [6, 10] SARS-CoV-2 utilizes ACE2 to enter cells like SARS-CoV-1
    keywords: ace2; angiotensin; cov-2; patients; sars
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        item: #4170 of 5187
          id: cord-335270-edga753o
      author: Lopez-Alvarez, Diana
       title: Genome Sequence of SARS-CoV-2 Isolate Cali-01, from Colombia, Obtained Using Oxford Nanopore MinION Sequencing
        date: 2020-06-25
       words: 979
      flesch: 41
     summary: key: cord-335270-edga753o authors: Lopez-Alvarez, Diana; Parra, Beatriz; Cuellar, Wilmer J. title: Genome Sequence of SARS-CoV-2 Isolate Cali-01, from Colombia, Obtained Using Oxford Nanopore MinION Sequencing date: 2020-06-25 journal: Microbiol Resour Announc DOI: 10.1128/mra.00573-20 sha: doc_id: 335270 cord_uid: edga753o A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Laboratory testing for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in suspected human cases: interim guidance.
    keywords: coronavirus; genome; sars; sequence; sequencing
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        item: #4171 of 5187
          id: cord-335292-x2vjzp18
      author: Nagashima, S.
       title: The Endothelial Dysfunction and Pyroptosis Driving the SARS-CoV-2 Immune-Thrombosis
        date: 2020-06-19
       words: 3507
      flesch: 36
     summary: In this context, SARS-CoV-2 pneumocytes infection, besides, to have an essential role in inflammatory activation/dysfunction of endothelial cells, it also would lead to endothelial cell death, causing the discontinuity of the alveolar-capillary barrier, facilitating the virus to move from alveolar septum through the alveolar-capillary lumen. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.20133124 doi: medRxiv preprint degranulate enzymes that can contribute to the breakdown of the glycocalyx of endothelial cells.
    keywords: activation; cases; cell; covid-19; endothelial; group; license; patients; preprint; pyroptosis
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        item: #4172 of 5187
          id: cord-335293-pac6wbgz
      author: Nijman, Ruud G.
       title: Pediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome: Statement by the Pediatric Section of the European Society for Emergency Medicine and European Academy of Pediatrics
        date: 2020-08-28
       words: 3518
      flesch: 35
     summary: Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) Associated with Coronavirus Disease Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children and Adolescents With COVID-19 Gastrointestinal features in children with COVID-19: an observation of varied presentation in eight children Kawasaki-like disease: emerging complication during the COVID-19 pandemic Where have all the children gone? Clinicians assessing febrile children in primary and secondary care should include PIMS-TS in their differential diagnoses.
    keywords: children; cov-2; multisystem; pims; sars; syndrome
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        item: #4173 of 5187
          id: cord-335302-6wsx0jby
      author: Mahy, Brian W.J.
       title: The diversity of viruses infecting humans
        date: 2011-12-12
       words: 2867
      flesch: 34
     summary: Although human viruses have been studied for more than a century, it has become clear in the last 15 -20 years that a large number of new human virus infections have been newly recognized (Mahy and Murphy 2005) . For these reasons, any consideration of the diversity of human viruses must take into account that there has been no systematic search for human viruses that may or may not be associated with disease.
    keywords: coronavirus; disease; human; viruses
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        item: #4174 of 5187
          id: cord-335308-5kh7wgvx
      author: Ponnusamy, Rajesh
       title: Variable Oligomerization Modes in Coronavirus Non-structural Protein 9
        date: 2008-11-28
       words: 10762
      flesch: 56
     summary: The structures were solved by using the molecular replacement program Phaser, 64 with a monomer of SARS coronavirus Nsp9 (1QZ8) as the search model. In contrast, the structure of the Cys69Ala mutant of HCoV-229E Nsp9 shows the same dimer organization as the SARS-CoV protein.
    keywords: acid; binding; coronavirus; cov nsp9; cys69ala; data; disulfide; fig; hcov-229e nsp9; monomer; mutant; nsp9; protein; residues; sars; structure; type; type hcov-229e
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        item: #4175 of 5187
          id: cord-335338-wzxjn5ip
      author: Wei, Lan
       title: Pathology of the thyroid in severe acute respiratory syndrome()
        date: 2006-09-25
       words: 3538
      flesch: 41
     summary: Influences of thyrocalcitonin, parathyroid hormone, neutral phosphate and vitamin D3 Pathological changes and pathogenesis of fatal severe acute respiratory syndrome Immunopathogenesis of coronavirus infections: implications for SARS Pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome How the SARS coronavirus causes disease: host or organism? SARS-associated viral hepatitis caused by a novel coronavirus: report of three cases Organ distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in SARS patients: implications for pathogenesis and virus transmission pathways However, it is possible that there is an alternative explanation for osteonecrosis related to loss of calcitonin-producing cells in SARS thyroid glands.
    keywords: acute; apoptosis; calcitonin; cells; patients; sars; syndrome; thyroid
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        item: #4176 of 5187
          id: cord-335347-vxl2flbn
      author: Diercks, Gillian R.
       title: Asymptomatic COVID-19 Infection in a Child with Nasal Foreign Body
        date: 2020-05-08
       words: 1916
      flesch: 33
     summary: Emerging data suggests that asymptomatic patients may carry and spread infection 7 . For procedures that cannot be delayed, preoperative testing should be considered prior to manipulations of the upper airway, even in asymptomatic patients 14 .
    keywords: asymptomatic; covid-19; nasal; patient; sars
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        item: #4177 of 5187
          id: cord-335364-qwjuzebd
      author: Fernandez-Rivas, G.
       title: Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG Specific Antibodies among Healthcare Workers in the Northern Metropolitan Area of Barcelona, Spain, after the first pandemic wave
        date: 2020-06-26
       words: 4202
      flesch: 46
     summary: Tropical Medicine and International Health Mental health impact of COVID-19 pandemic on Spanish healthcare workers Seroprevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 among health care workers in a large Spanish reference hospital In: National Study of SARS-CoV2 sero-Epidemiology in Spain (ENE-Covid19) Results: A total of 779 of 7563 (10.3%) healthcare workers had detectable anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG (specific for either S1/S2 or N antigens).
    keywords: area; cov-2; healthcare; igg; license; preprint; sars; workers
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        item: #4178 of 5187
          id: cord-335375-n6q70o35
      author: Chan, Paul K. S.
       title: Antibody Avidity Maturation during Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome–Associated Coronavirus Infection
        date: 2005-07-01
       words: 2194
      flesch: 46
     summary: Summary of probable SARS cases with onset of illness from 1 Laboratory-acquired severe acute respiratory syndrome Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Taiwan, China Update 4: review of probable and laboratory-confirmed SARS cases in southern China Investigation into China's recent SARS outbreak yields important lessons for global public health Changes in antibody avidity after virus infections: detection by an immunosorbent assay in which a mild protein-denaturing agent is employed Avidity of IgG in serodiagnosis of infectious diseases Comparative evaluation of the use of immunoblots and of IgG avidity assays as confirmatory tests for the diagnosis of acute EBV infections Differential maturation of avidity of IgG antibodies to gp41, p24 and p17 following infection with HIV-1 Measurement of antibody avidity can be used to differentiate primary infection from reexposure and to assess humoral responses to candidate vaccines 2003 and January 2004)
    keywords: antibody; avidity; infection; samples; sars
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        item: #4179 of 5187
          id: cord-335377-zrbn637z
      author: Ishimaru, Daniella
       title: RNA dimerization plays a role in ribosomal frameshifting of the SARS coronavirus
        date: 2012-12-26
       words: 7763
      flesch: 45
     summary: A three-stemmed mRNA pseudoknot in the SARS coronavirus frameshift signal An atypical RNA pseudoknot stimulator and an upstream attenuation signal for -1 ribosomal frameshifting of SARS coronavirus Mechanisms and enzymes involved in SARS coronavirus genome expression Comparative study of the effects of heptameric slippery site composition on -1 frameshifting among different eukaryotic systems Frameshifting RNA pseudoknots: structure and mechanism Programmed ribosomal frameshifting in decoding the SARS-CoV genome Mutational analysis of the RNA pseudoknot component of a coronavirus ribosomal frameshifting signal Ecoepidemiology and complete genome comparison of different strains of severe acute respiratory syndrome-related Rhinolophus bat coronavirus in China reveal bats as a reservoir for acute, self-limiting infection that allows recombination events A review of studies on animal reservoirs of the SARS coronavirus Requirements for kissing-loop-mediated dimerization of human immunodeficiency virus RNA Evidence that a kissing loop structure facilitates genomic RNA dimerisation in HIV-1 A 19-nucleotide sequence upstream of the 5 0 major splice donor is part of the dimerization domain of human immunodeficiency virus 1 genomic RNA Identification of the primary site of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA dimerization in vitro Impact of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA dimerization on viral infectivity and of stem-loop B on RNA dimerization and reverse transcription and dissociation of dimerization from packaging Dimerization of retroviral RNA genomes: an inseparable pair Genome of infectious bronchitis virus Biochemical aspects of coronavirus replication and virus-host interaction RNA structure determination by NMR NMRPipe: a multidimensional spectral processing system based on UNIX pipes University of California Absorption mode two-dimensional NOE spectroscopy of exchangeable protons in oligonucleotides Use of a water flip-back pulse in the homonuclear noesy experiment Pattern of 4-thiouridine-induced cross-linking in 16S ribosomal RNA in the Escherichia coli 30S subunit Systematic analysis of bicistronic reporter assay data Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection of human ciliated airway epithelia: role of ciliated cells in viral spread in the conducting airways of the lungs Identification and characterization of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus replicase proteins Clustal W and Clustal X version 2.0 Mfold web server for nucleic acid folding and hybridization prediction Dimerization of a pathogenic human mitochondrial tRNA Dimerization of HIV-1 genomic RNA of subtypes A and B: RNA loop structure and magnesium binding Molecular dynamics simulations of RNA kissing-loop motifs reveal structural dynamics and formation of cation-binding pockets RNA LEGO: magnesium-dependent formation of specific RNA assemblies through kissing interactions Bipartite signal for genomic RNA dimerization in Moloney murine leukemia virus Hepatitis C virus genomic RNA dimerization is mediated via a kissing complex intermediate Kissing-loop model of HIV-1 genome dimerization: RNA pseudoknots implicated in -1
    keywords: cov; dimerization; figure; formation; frameshifting; imino; kissing; loop; pseudoknot; rna; s3l2; sars; sequence; stem; structure; type; virus
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        item: #4180 of 5187
          id: cord-335386-eflyypev
      author: Steinman, Jonathan Baruch
       title: Reduced development of COVID-19 in children reveals molecular checkpoints gating pathogenesis illuminating potential therapeutics
        date: 2020-10-06
       words: 5382
      flesch: 40
     summary: These potential negative impacts include how the pandemic and social distancing from other children affect psychological health, how it impacts education, and how it affects body weight and childhood obesity when getting sufficient exercise is more difficult during shelter-in-place and safe-distancing restrictions. In contrast, household contacts of positive children aged 0
    keywords: ace2; age; cells; children; cov-2; covid-19; expression; infection; sars; type; virus
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        item: #4181 of 5187
          id: cord-335443-iv2gs3kg
      author: Kim, Youngchang
       title: Tipiracil binds to uridine site and inhibits Nsp15 endoribonuclease NendoU from SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-06-28
       words: 5475
      flesch: 48
     summary: Protein science : a publication of the Biochemical characterization of arterivirus nonstructural protein 11 reveals the nidovirus-wide conservation of a replicative endoribonuclease Trifluridine/Tipiracil (Lonsurf) for the Treatment of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Turkey coronavirus non-structure protein NSP15--an endoribonuclease The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Nsp15 protein is an endoribonuclease that prefers manganese as a cofactor Mutational analysis of the SARS virus Nsp15 endoribonuclease: identification of residues affecting hexamer formation Functional plasticity of antibacterial EndoU toxins Structural and functional analyses of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus endoribonuclease Nsp15 Major genetic marker of nidoviruses encodes a replicative endoribonuclease Bovine pancreatic ribonuclease: fifty years of the first enzymatic reaction mechanism Integration of kinetic isotope effect analyses to elucidate ribonuclease mechanism Bovine pancreatic ribonuclease A as a model of an enzyme with multiple substrate binding sites Crystal structure of ribonuclease A.d(ApTpApApG) complex. Tipiracil, an uracil derivative, binds to Nsp15 uracil site in a manner consistent with competitive inhibition.
    keywords: base; binding; cov-2; endoribonuclease; fig; nsp15; rna; rnase; sars; site; structures; tipiracil; uracil
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        item: #4182 of 5187
          id: cord-335446-8l1vfsbc
      author: Liao, M.
       title: The landscape of lung bronchoalveolar immune cells in COVID-19 revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing
        date: 2020-02-26
       words: 4720
      flesch: 52
     summary: The higher number of lung CD8 + T cells in mild patients may indicate a role of CD8 + T cells in the clearance of the virus. CD8 + T cells expressed CD8A and CD8B. The CCR7 + cells expressing CD4 and IL7R were likely CD4 + T cells, Treg cells were CTLA4 + FOXP3 + IL2RA + , and proliferating cells were TYMS + MKI67 + .
    keywords: cells; covid-19; holder; license; lung; medrxiv; patients; peer; preprint; sars
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        item: #4183 of 5187
          id: cord-335467-0b0m8v5r
      author: Saha, Asit
       title: Novel coronavirus SARS‐CoV‐2 (Covid‐19) dynamics inside the human body
        date: 2020-07-19
       words: 2620
      flesch: 43
     summary: Gas exchange rate when If 0 M > D 0 . The cybernetic model can simulate a dynamic response to the reduced pulmonary alveolar gas exchange rate, thermostat control, and mean pressure difference under a very critical condition based on equilibrium (steady state) values of the inflammatory mediators and system parameters.
    keywords: cells; rate; system; type; virus
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        item: #4184 of 5187
          id: cord-335492-od3c25qg
      author: UGUREL, Osman Mutluhan
       title: An updated analysis of variations in SARS-CoV-2 genome
        date: 2020-06-21
       words: 4979
      flesch: 41
     summary: Despite RBD of MERS-CoV-2 binds to dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (Raj et al.,2013) , it has been revealed that RBD of SARS-CoV-2 binds ACE2, like in SARS-CoV (Tai et al., 2020) . Although it has been lasted about 1 year to resolve this mechanism for the SARS-CoV , this timing was much shorter, as nearly 3 months, with the research ability that have been gained with the developing DNA sequencing technologies and over years of experience in this area (Tai et al., 2020; Ou et al., 2020) .
    keywords: c14408; coronavirus; cov-2; et al; genome; protein; sars; sequences; studies; study; variations
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        item: #4185 of 5187
          id: cord-335538-thd5oaef
      author: Ji, Xiaoyang
       title: TWIRLS, a knowledge‐mining technology, suggests a possible mechanism for the pathological changes in the human host after coronavirus infection via ACE2
        date: 2020-07-13
       words: 5282
      flesch: 38
     summary: Compared to random genes, the regulatory connections between CSHGs were significantly enriched (Z score = 50.97). The goal of the literature mining was to identify host genes and entities that are relevant to coronavirus research and to establish connections between them.
    keywords: ace2; angiotensin; category; coronavirus; cshgs; distribution; entities; entity; genes; information; patients; table; twirls
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        item: #4186 of 5187
          id: cord-335567-ssnvr6nj
      author: Berry, Michael
       title: Identification of New Respiratory Viruses in the New Millennium
        date: 2015-03-06
       words: 7487
      flesch: 33
     summary: Between 7% and 19% of all cases of respiratory infections in children are caused by hMPV, in both hospitalized and outpatients [108, 131, 132] and has been reported to be the second most frequently identified virus in respiratory tract infections [133] . Viral upper respiratory tract infection and otitis media complication in young children The economic burden of non-influenza-related viral respiratory tract infection in the United States The clinical impact of human respiratory virus infections The Global Burden of Disease Center for Population and Development Studies: Massachusetts Serious bacterial infections in febrile infants 1 to 90 days old with and without viral infections Children with multiple viral respiratory infections are older than those with single viruses Systematic review of the treatment of upper respiratory tract infection Viral infections of the lower respiratory tract: Old viruses, new viruses, and the role of diagnosis Coronavirus HKU1 and Other Coronavirus Infections in Hong Kong Human coronavirus and acute respiratory illness in older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Acute viral infections of upper respiratory tract in elderly people living in the community: Comparative, prospective, population based study of disease burden Respiratory viral infections in immunocompetent and immunocompromised persons Community respiratory virus infections in immunocompromised patients with cancer Epidemiology of respiratory viruses in bronchoalveolar lavage samples in a tertiary hospital Impact of viral infections in children with community-acquired pneumonia:
    keywords: acute; bocavirus; children; coronavirus; disease; hcov; human; infection; metapneumovirus; patients; sars; syndrome; tract; viruses
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        item: #4187 of 5187
          id: cord-335591-r0x8yaqj
      author: Ohnishi, Kazuo
       title: Establishment and Characterization of Monoclonal Antibodies Against SARS Coronavirus
        date: 2007-11-28
       words: 3145
      flesch: 61
     summary: The causative agent was identified as SARS coronavirus (SARS- CoV) (1,2) . This incubation is done by placing the PVDF membrane in the hybridization bag with 5 ml of antibody solution.
    keywords: antigen; cells; cov; elisa; pbs; sars; solution
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        item: #4188 of 5187
          id: cord-335597-anrzcsrt
      author: None
       title: 44. Jahrestagung der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Pneumologie
        date: 2020-10-26
       words: 14654
      flesch: 44
     summary: Methods: We performed single cell RNA sequencing on pulmonary arteries isolated from donors and pulmonary hypertension patients. Arteries in pulmonary hypertension patients displayed altered composition of EC population characterized by the diminished presence of one cell cluster.
    keywords: age; analysis; asthma; background; cell; cohort; conclusions; copd; covid-19; data; disease; eine; exercise; function; inflammatory; lung; mean; median; methods; mit; months; mortality; p =; pain; patients; pulmonary; results; score; study; survival; symptoms; therapy; treatment; years
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        item: #4189 of 5187
          id: cord-335599-98ovzui5
      author: Raony, Ícaro
       title: Retinal outcomes of COVID-19: possible role of CD147 and cytokine storm in infected patients with diabetes mellitus
        date: 2020-06-25
       words: 1199
      flesch: 27
     summary: Finally, it is critical that studies investigating COVID-19 retinal outcomes assess factors that may confuse the results, such as the presence of retinal lesions prior to infection, associated with other diseases previously diagnosed or not (e.g. DM). Notwithstanding this, it was not discussed whether the patients already presenting changes in the retina before infection with COVID-19, or even if there was any systemic disease (e.g. type 2 diabetes mellitus) that could also be associated with retinal lesions.
    keywords: covid-19; patients
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        item: #4190 of 5187
          id: cord-335610-3v8140b6
      author: Prasanth, D. S. N. B. K.
       title: In silico identification of potential inhibitors from Cinnamon against main protease and spike glycoprotein of SARS CoV-2
        date: 2020-06-22
       words: 5055
      flesch: 41
     summary: (Elfiky & Azzam, 2020; Sinha et al., 2020) . We have taken the PDB ID: 6LZG where spike protein is complexed with ACE2 to investigate the binding affinity of cinnamon derivatives with the complex (Sinha et al., 2020) .
    keywords: binding; compounds; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; drug; et al; kcal; mol; protease; protein; sars; spike
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        item: #4191 of 5187
          id: cord-335619-t3yv5y7h
      author: Wang, Song-mi
       title: Screening of SARS-CoV-2 in 299 Hospitalized Children with Hemato-oncological Diseases: A Multicenter Survey in Hubei, China
        date: 2020-08-07
       words: 2429
      flesch: 45
     summary: The proportion of children in COVID-19 patients is significantly lower than that in adults. Four patients (1.3%) had a history of close contact with COVID-19 patients (table 1).
    keywords: children; cov-2; covid-19; infection; patients; sars
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        item: #4192 of 5187
          id: cord-335648-lbmhprjn
      author: Estrich, Cameron G.
       title: Estimating COVID-19 prevalence and infection control practices among US dentists
        date: 2020-10-15
       words: 4202
      flesch: 43
     summary: Specifically, 0.9% (n ¼ 17) of COVID-19 negative dentists were immunocompromised compared with 6.3% (n ¼ 1) of COVID-19 positive dentists (c 2 P ¼ .02). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): people at increased riskdand other people who need to take extra precautions, people at increased risk for severe illness A 4-item measure of depression and anxiety: validation and standardization of the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) in the general population Mental health, substance use, and suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic: United States Kluytmans-van den Bergh MF, Buiting AG, Pas SD, et al. Prevalence and clinical presentation of health care workers with symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 in 2 Dutch hospitals during an early phase of the pandemic Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-2019) infection among health care workers and implications for prevention measures in a tertiary hospital in Wuhan, China Prevalence of COVID-19 infection and outcomes among symptomatic healthcare workers in Centers for Disease and Prevention.
    keywords: control; covid-19; dental; dentists; health; infection; survey
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        item: #4193 of 5187
          id: cord-335652-v98gv5uf
      author: Salazar, Cecilia
       title: Multiple introductions, regional spread and local differentiation during the first week of COVID-19 epidemic in Montevideo, Uruguay
        date: 2020-05-10
       words: 2077
      flesch: 41
     summary: Sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 positive samples was performed according to the primalseq [5] approach on the MinION sequencing platform (Oxford Nanopore Technologies, United Kingdom) using the V2 primer pools. The application of rapid genomic epidemiology during local outbreaks allows to identify main routes of virus introduction and estimate spatio-temporal dynamics which can be used to improve contingency measures.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; sars; sequencing; uruguay
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        item: #4194 of 5187
          id: cord-335768-ry5boej6
      author: Chauhan, Shaylika
       title: Comprehensive review of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
        date: 2020-06-01
       words: 4393
      flesch: 49
     summary: Solidarity Trial is an initiative started in March 2020 by the World Health Organization to test drugs and drug combinations including Remdesivir, Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine combination, Ritonavir/lopinavir and Ritonavir/ lopinavir & interferon-beta against SARS CoV-2. Kai Duan et al. showed that administration of convalescent plasma (CP) obtained from recovered COVID-19 patients who had established humoral immunity against the virus led to COVID-19 patients achieving serum SARS-CoV-2 RNA negativity after CP transfusion, accompanied by an increase of oxygen saturation and lymphocyte counts, and the improvement of liver function and CRP.
    keywords: april; cases; china; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; health; patients; people; sars; world
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        item: #4195 of 5187
          id: cord-335784-v7nbck0n
      author: Barak, N.
       title: Lessons from applied large-scale pooling of 133,816 SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR tests
        date: 2020-10-20
       words: 3151
      flesch: 43
     summary: One promising solution is the application of sample pooling or group testing, a well-developed field in mathematics that allows the identification of carriers in a population of N using a number of tests that is smaller than N. Group testing can alleviate the supply-chain blocks and cut costs while increasing testing throughput. We and others, have recently described the validation and early implementation of sample pooling for SARS-CoV-2 detection (2, [6] [7] [8] [9]
    keywords: cov-2; medrxiv; pooling; preprint; samples; sars
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        item: #4196 of 5187
          id: cord-335802-1kiqfy68
      author: Azoulay, Elie
       title: Increased mortality in patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection admitted within seven days of disease onset
        date: 2020-08-11
       words: 3519
      flesch: 43
     summary: In the earliest descriptions of COVID-19 patients hospitalised in Wuhan, China, time from viral symptom onset to dyspnoea was 5 days and time to hospital admission was 7 days Interventions that are currently used in COVID-19 patients might impact different clinical endpoints according to time since viral symptom onset.
    keywords: admission; covid-19; icu; mortality; onset; patients; symptom; time
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        item: #4197 of 5187
          id: cord-335844-dybozins
      author: Berkowitz, Kathleen M.
       title: IMPLEMENTATION OF UNIVERSAL TESTING FOR SARS-CoV-2 IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH INTENDED ADMISSION FOR DELIVERY
        date: 2020-07-11
       words: 256
      flesch: 46
     summary: Patients who declined pre-admission testing were 18 offered a rapid test at the time of admission. Pre-admission testing was available at two sites.
    keywords: testing
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        item: #4198 of 5187
          id: cord-335859-k37jivp6
      author: Wu, Daphne C.
       title: Predictors of self-reported symptoms and testing for COVID-19 in Canada using a nationally representative survey
        date: 2020-10-21
       words: 3113
      flesch: 47
     summary: The strongest predictor of testing was having COVID symptoms among members of the household, of whom about 16.5% were tested, compared to 2.1% among those without COVID symptoms among household members (OR = 6.63, 4.46- A nationally representative survey of Canadians finds that about 8% of adults report that they or someone in their household reported symptoms suggestive of COVID in March 2020. Here, we report on the results of the first nationally-representative poll in Canada of selfreported COVID symptoms conducted by the Angus Reid Forum in early April 2020 covering symptoms reported mostly in March 2020, prior to the peak month of test-reported cases in April.
    keywords: covid; household; sars; survey; symptoms; testing
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        item: #4199 of 5187
          id: cord-335916-fh28qrt7
      author: Liu, Cuiwei
       title: COVID-19 in cancer patients: risk, clinical features, and management
        date: 2020-08-15
       words: 3945
      flesch: 33
     summary: Given that cancer patients without COVID-19 also have a high risk of these complications, attributing these symptoms in COVID-19 cancer patients solely to underlying cancer is difficult. Cancer patients in SARS-CoV-2 infection: a nationwide analysis in China Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in china: summary of a report of 72314 cases from the Chinese center for disease control and prevention Clinical characteristics of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in China Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Clinical characteristics of COVID-19-infected cancer patients: a retrospective case study in three hospitals within Wuhan Patients with cancer appear more vulnerable to SARS-COV-2: a multicenter study during the COVID-19 outbreak COVID-19 and cancer: what we know so far Nosocomial infections in patients with cancer Selective depletion of regulatory T cell subsets by docetaxel treatment in patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer Features of postoperative immune suppression are reversible with interferon gamma and independent of interleukin-6 pathways Myeloid suppressor cells in cancer and autoimmunity Case fatality rate of cancer patients with COVID-19 in a New York hospital system Clinical impact of COVID-19 on patients with cancer (CCC19): a cohort study Clinical characteristics, outcomes, and risk factors for mortality in patients with cancer and COVID-19 in Hubei, China: a multicentre, retrospective, cohort study COVID-19 in patients with thoracic malignancies (TERAVOLT): first results of an international, registry-based, cohort study COVID-19 patients' clinical characteristics, discharge rate, and fatality rate of meta-analysis Outcome of cancer patients infected with COVID-19, including toxicity of cancer treatments COVID-19 in breast cancer patients: a cohort at the institute curie hospitals in the Paris area Clinical characteristics and outcomes of cancer patients With COVID-19 Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome Radiological findings from 81 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Clinical features of 69 cases with coronavirus disease 2019 in Wuhan, China Review of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) based on current evidence Relationships among lymphocyte subsets, cytokines, and the pulmonary inflammation Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study Remdesivir in adults with severe COVID-19: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial Breakthrough: chloroquine phosphate has shown apparent efficacy in treatment of COVID-19 associated pneumonia in clinical studies Compassionate use of remdesivir for patients with severe covid-19 Therapeutic management of patients with COVID-19: a systematic review Dexamethasone in hospitalized patients with Covid-19 -preliminary report Potential effect of blood purification therapy in reducing cytokine storm as a late complication of critically ill COVID-19 Cytokine storm drugs move from CAR T to COVID-19 Preventing cytokine storm syndrome in COVID-19 using α-1 adrenergic receptor antagonists Seeking and destroying the evils from the inside-translating cancer immunity to fight COVID-19 Cytokine storm and immunomodulatory therapy in COVID-19: role of chloroquine and anti-IL-6 monoclonal antibodies Should we stimulate or suppress immune responses in COVID-19?
    keywords: cancer; covid-19; patients; risk; sars; study; therapy; treatment
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        item: #4200 of 5187
          id: cord-335932-0phqok4g
      author: Vanhems, Philippe
       title: Rapid nosocomial spread of SARS-CoV-2 in a French geriatric unit
        date: 2020-03-30
       words: 583
      flesch: 51
     summary: Strict infection control measures and close monitoring of suspected cases of patients and healthcare professionals were subsequently performed to contain the intraunit transmission of the SARS-Cov-2 virus. We wish to stress the urgency of strict application of COVID-19 infection control guidelines in healthcare facilities, particularly in geriatric units.
    keywords: cases; geriatric; sars
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        item: #4201 of 5187
          id: cord-335938-hscgmis5
      author: Gralinski, Lisa E.
       title: Mechanisms of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-Induced Acute Lung Injury
        date: 2013-08-06
       words: 7832
      flesch: 36
     summary: Lung gene expression patterns were compared between mice with each infection dose and mock-infected mice to gain insight into SARS-CoV-induced lung disease. Furthermore, B6 mice infected with the 2009 H1N1 influenza virus strain CA04 had high levels of proinflammatory, profibrotic, and urokinase pathway gene expression relative to mock-infected mice along with decreased surfactant expression (doses of 10 3 to 10 6 PFU [unpublished data]).
    keywords: acute; cov; data; disease; dose; expression; fibrin; fig; genes; infection; lung; mice; pathway; sars; serpine1; urokinase; virus
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        item: #4202 of 5187
          id: cord-335955-2bw2sly8
      author: Shi, Yuejun
       title: A Dimerization-Dependent Mechanism Drives the Endoribonuclease Function of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus nsp11
        date: 2016-04-14
       words: 7071
      flesch: 47
     summary: nsp11 protein is the same as that of the wild type (data not shown), the mutant (K173A) protein was purified for size exclusion experiments because the expression of wild-type nsp11 was low. (1 mg) nsp11 proteins was analyzed using a Superdex 75 10/300 GL column (GE Healthcare) with a buffer containing 20 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.4) and 200 mM NaCl at a flow rate of 0.6 ml/min (4°C).
    keywords: activity; arterivirus; cells; coronavirus; cov; domain; endoribonuclease; fig; mutant; nsp11; protein; prrsv; residues; sars; structure; type; virus
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        item: #4203 of 5187
          id: cord-335958-dtvlo0kz
      author: Satyam, Rohit
       title: Deciphering the SSR incidences across viral members of Coronaviridae family
        date: 2020-09-21
       words: 4612
      flesch: 45
     summary: A custom shell script was deployed to check if the variants were majorly localized in genic SSRs of SARS-CoV-2. This can be offered as a possible explanation that observed A->G mutation in genic SSRs might be a result of ExoN attenuation due to mutational burden.
    keywords: coronaviridae; coronavirus; cov-2; genic; genomes; regions; repeat; sars; ssrs
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        item: #4204 of 5187
          id: cord-336000-v88bq4bx
      author: Barco, Stefano
       title: Enoxaparin for primary thromboprophylaxis in ambulatory patients with coronavirus disease-2019 (the OVID study): a structured summary of a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
        date: 2020-09-09
       words: 20408
      flesch: 38
     summary: OVID may increase the level of safety compared to standard of care for study patients because frequent telephone visits are planned (Day 3, 7, 14, 30, 90) . Source data must be available at the site to document the existence of the study participants and substantiate the integrity of study data collected.
    keywords: acute; analysis; anti; bleeding; center; covid-19; covid-19 patients; data; days; dose; enoxaparin; events; hospitalization; information; investigator; medical; outcome; patients; risk; study; study center; test; thromboprophylaxis; treatment; trial; use; vte
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        item: #4205 of 5187
          id: cord-336012-8klkojpo
      author: Harilal, Divinlal
       title: SARS-CoV-2 Whole Genome Amplification and Sequencing for Effective Population-Based Surveillance and Control of Viral Transmission
        date: 2020-06-18
       words: 3042
      flesch: 36
     summary: Results We show a significant improvement in whole genome sequencing data quality and viral detection using amplicon-based target enrichment of SARS-CoV-2. Even with higher throughput sequencing (NovaSeq SP flowcell), shotgun sequencing requires an allocation of 1TB of data for ~250 sequenced samples.
    keywords: cost; cov-2; data; genome; sars; sequencing; table; usa; virus
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        item: #4206 of 5187
          id: cord-336022-b2fwktld
      author: Addetia, Amin
       title: Neutralizing antibodies correlate with protection from SARS-CoV-2 in humans during a fishery vessel outbreak with high attack rate
        date: 2020-08-14
       words: 3982
      flesch: 49
     summary: 294 This difference is statistically significant ( The three crewmembers who were seropositive for anti-N antibodies by Abbott but did 301 not have neutralizing antibodies were all infected during follow-up, with minimum Cts of 302 17.6, 22.8, and 22.9 and increases in Abbott index values (Table 1) . 332 An assumption of our analysis is that the only individuals who had pre-existing 333 neutralizing and anti-spike antibodies were those who tested seropositive in the initial 334 .
    keywords: august; funder; license; medrxiv; medrxiv preprint; perpetuity; preprint
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        item: #4207 of 5187
          id: cord-336026-x02f7byo
      author: Lommatzsch, Marek
       title: COVID‐19 in a patient with severe asthma treated with Omalizumab
        date: 2020-06-27
       words: 653
      flesch: 40
     summary: Over the last years, several types of highly potent immunomodulatory antibodies (biologics) have been approved for the treatment of severe asthma which can improve asthma control and reduce exacerbations and the need for treatments with side effects prone systemic corticosteroids. We report a case of a 52-year-old man with severe allergic asthma treated with Omalizumab with no evidence of an asthma exacerbation, loss of asthma control or pneumonia during symptomatic COVID-19 disease.
    keywords: asthma; omalizumab
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        item: #4208 of 5187
          id: cord-336049-n3swuykg
      author: Ahmed, Mubbasheer
       title: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children: A systematic review
        date: 2020-09-04
       words: 5689
      flesch: 41
     summary: key: cord-336049-n3swuykg authors: Ahmed, Mubbasheer; Advani, Shailesh; Moreira, Axel; Zoretic, Sarah; Martinez, John; Chorath, Kevin; Acosta, Sebastian; Naqvi, Rija; Burmeister-Morton, Finn; Burmeister, Fiona; Tarriela, Aina; Petershack, Matthew; Evans, Mary; Hoang, Ansel; Rajasekaran, Karthik; Ahuja, Sunil; Moreira, Alvaro title: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children: A systematic review date: 2020-09-04 journal: EClinicalMedicine DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100527 sha: doc_id: 336049 cord_uid: n3swuykg BACKGROUND: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), also known as pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome, is a new dangerous childhood disease that is temporally associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Circulation A case of pediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome temporally associated with COVID-19 in South Dakota New onset severe right ventricular failure associated with COVID-19 in a young infant without previous heart disease Septic shock presentation in adolescents with COVID-19 Hyperinflammatory shock related to COVID-19 in a patient presenting with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children: first case from Iran Pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome with central nervous system involvement and hypocomplementemia following SARS-COV-2 infection Distinct clinical and immunological features of SARS-COV-2-induced multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children SARS-CoV-2-induced Kawasaki-like hyperinflammatory syndrome: a novel COVID phenotype in children Case report: systemic inflammatory response and fast recovery in a pediatric patient with COVID-19 Cardiac MRI of Children with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (MIS-C) Associated with COVID-19: case Series [published online ahead of print Immune-inflammatory parameters in COVID-19 cases: a systematic review and meta-analysis Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as an independent risk factor for mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 Clinical value of immune-inflammatory parameters to assess the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 Procalcitonin as a marker of the systemic inflammatory response to infection Diagnostic value of procalcitonin, interleukin-6, and interleukin-8 in critically ill patients admitted with suspected sepsis Interleukin-6 as prognosticator in patients with COVID-19 Outcomes of cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in patients recently recovered from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) High expression of ACE2 receptor of 2019-nCoV on the epithelial cells of oral mucosa A nomogram to predict the risk of unfavourable outcome in COVID-19: a retrospective cohort of 279 hospitalized patients in Paris area Changes in clinical and laboratory features of Kawasaki disease noted over time in Daejeon The riddle of Kawasaki disease Paediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 mimicking Kawasaki disease (Kawa-COVID-19): a multicentre cohort Descriptive epidemiology of Kawasaki disease in Japan Pediatric crohn disease and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) and COVID-19 treated with infliximab Spectrum of imaging findings on chest radiographs, US, CT, and MRI images in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) associated with COVID-19 Horizontal transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 to a premature infant: multiple organ injury and association with markers of inflammation Paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome: temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS): cardiac features, management and short-term outcomes at a UK tertiary paediatric hospital SARS-CoV-2-related paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome, an epidemiological study Cardiac MRI of children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) associated with COVID-19: case series Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection: a multi-institutional study from New York City
    keywords: children; cov-2; covid-19; disease; mis; multisystem; patients; review; sars; syndrome
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        item: #4209 of 5187
          id: cord-336053-cjq7szcn
      author: Mottola, Filiberto Fausto
       title: Cardiovascular System in COVID-19: Simply a Viewer or a Leading Actor?
        date: 2020-08-27
       words: 5641
      flesch: 37
     summary: Patients: Awareness of an Increased Prevalence Incidence of thrombotic complications in critically ill ICU patients with COVID-19 Venous and arterial thromboembolic complications in COVID-19 patients admitted to an academic hospital in Prevalence of venous thromboembolism in patients with severe novel coronavirus pneumonia Sanchis-Gomar, F. Cardiac troponin I in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Evidence from a meta-analysis Cardiovascular Implications of Fatal Outcomes of Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Association of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) with Myocardial Injury and Mortality SARS-coronavirus modulation of myocardial ACE2 expression and inflammation in patients with SARS Acute myocarditis associated with novel Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus The Variety of Cardiovascular Presentations of COVID-19 Coinvolgimento cardiaco in un paziente con malattia coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) Cardiovascular Considerations for Patients, Health Care Workers, and Health Systems during the COVID-19 Pandemic Influenza epidemics and acute respiratory disease activity are associated with a surge in autopsy-confirmed coronary heart disease death: Results from 8 years of autopsies in 34 892 subjects Seasonal Influenza Infections and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality COVID-19 and the cardiovascular system Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: A retrospective cohort study SARS-CoV-2: A potential novel etiology of fulminant myocarditis Characteristics and Outcomes of Recipients of Heart Transplant with Coronavirus Disease European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) consensus document on management of arrhythmias and cardiac electronic devices in the critically ill and post-surgery patient, endorsed by Heart Rhythm Society (HRS), Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS), Cardiac Arrhythmia Society of Southern Africa (CASSA), and Latin American Heart Rhythm Society (LAHRS) Case-Fatality Rate and Characteristics of Patients Dying in Relation to COVID-19 in Italy Systemic inflammation and arrhythmic risk: Lessons from rheumatoid arthritis Cardioimmunology of arrhythmias: The role of autoimmune and inflammatory cardiac channelopathies Cardiotoxicity of antimalarial drugs Drug-induced ventricular tachycardia Heart conduction disorders in long-term treatment with chloroquine. While ECG monitoring is always available for COVID-19 patients admitted to ICU, in patients hospitalized in non-intensive rooms, clinicians should monitor QT-intervals according to the risk factors.
    keywords: acute; cardiac; coronavirus; covid-19; damage; disease; heart; increase; infection; patients; risk; sars
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        item: #4210 of 5187
          id: cord-336057-tj9qcuf8
      author: Lv, Yantian
       title: No intrauterine vertical transmission in pregnancy with COVID-19: a case report
        date: 2020-08-05
       words: 1344
      flesch: 51
     summary: The data of status of pregnant women and neonates after infection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) is limited. We report a case of pregnant woman in her third trimester with critical COVID-19, and amniotic fluid, umbilical cord blood, placenta, and neonatal gastric fluid were retained during cesarean section.
    keywords: acid; blood; sars; women
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        item: #4211 of 5187
          id: cord-336066-n9yq8enz
      author: Lai, Chien‐Chen
       title: Proteomic analysis of up‐regulated proteins in human promonocyte cells expressing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 3C‐like protease
        date: 2007-04-04
       words: 4048
      flesch: 42
     summary: Functional classification of identified up‐regulated proteins indicated that protein metabolism and modification, particularly in the ubiquitin proteasome pathway, was the main biological process occurring in SARS CoV 3CLpro‐expressing cells. Percent of biological process was calculated as the number of identified proteins in the indicated biological process/the number of the total identified proteins6100.
    keywords: 3clpro; analysis; apoptosis; cells; cov; factor; fig; proteins; sars; spot
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        item: #4212 of 5187
          id: cord-336093-ic6q6ke8
      author: Sun, Ying
       title: Yeast-based assays for the high-throughput screening of inhibitors of coronavirus RNA cap guanine-N7-methyltransferase
        date: 2014-02-11
       words: 6442
      flesch: 45
     summary: It has been shown that the capping functions in yeast cells can be replaced by the cap-forming enzymes of mammals or DNA viruses (Ho et al., 2000; Saha et al., 1999 Saha et al., , 2003 , and we previously found that coronavirus nsp14 could replace yeast cap N7-MTase in vivo (Chen et al., 2009 (Chen et al., , 2013 . After incubation, yeast cells were collected and then ground in liquid nitrogen.
    keywords: coronavirus; et al; human; inhibitors; mtase; rna; sars; sinefungin; system; yeast
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        item: #4213 of 5187
          id: cord-336094-ssr5y4u3
      author: Blumberg, Dean A.
       title: Vertical Transmission of SARS-CoV-2: What is the Optimal Definition?
        date: 2020-06-05
       words: 1426
      flesch: 29
     summary: Severe COVID-19 during pregnancy and possible vertical transmission Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vertical transmission in neonates born to mothers with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records Clinical manifestations and outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy Second-trimester miscarriage in a pregnant woman with SARS-CoV-2 infection Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in pregnant women: A report based on 116 cases Clinical characteristics and risk assessment of newborns born to mothers with COVID-19 Clinical characteristics of 19 neonates born to mothers with COVID-19 Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in different types of clinical specimens Preterm delivery in pregnant woman with critical COVID-19 pneumonia and vertical transmission Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and pregnancy The incubation period of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from publicly reported confirmed cases: estimation and application Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and pregnancy: what obstetricians need to know Possible vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from an infected mother to her newborn Antibodies in infants born to mothers with COVID-19 pneumonia Profile of specific antibodies to the SARSassociated coronavirus Can SARS-CoV-2 infection be acquired in utero Development of the immune system in very low birth weight (less than 1500 g) premature infants: concentrations of plasma immunoglobulins and patterns of infections None declared. There is limited information available on intrauterine infection earlier in pregnancy with resolution of maternal infection prior to the time of delivery; SARS-CoV-2 is not known to cause chronic infection, therefore neonatal infection is not likely to be active at delivery in this situation, and confirming transmission early in pregnancy will be challenging in the absence of either a phenotype such as congenital Zika or rubella syndrome or a pattern of increased numbers of miscarriages.
    keywords: cov-2; infection; sars; transmission
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        item: #4214 of 5187
          id: cord-336103-ufvq0ngl
      author: Sharma, R.
       title: Optimal sample pooling: an efficient tool against SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-07-04
       words: 1565
      flesch: 55
     summary: The determination of sample pool size for each lab using its prevalence rate would yield desired efficiency and be easy to implement. Hence, sample pool size should be decided individually for a testing facility using the prevalence rates recorded by the same lab.
    keywords: pooling; sample; size; testing
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        item: #4215 of 5187
          id: cord-336117-hit4kza8
      author: Heymann, D.L.
       title: Emerging Infections, the International Health Regulations, and Macro-Economy
        date: 2014-02-27
       words: 3358
      flesch: 41
     summary: The International Health Regulations (IHR) were designed to respond to the international spread of infectious disease outbreaks in a manner that prevents unnecessary negative economic impacts. By the time of the SARS outbreak, a new way of detecting and responding to infectious disease outbreaks had been developed by WHO as a precursor to the revision of the IHR, and it was these ways of working that led to the coordinated global response to SARS.
    keywords: health; human; ihr; international; sars; spread; world
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        item: #4216 of 5187
          id: cord-336119-8g37xsys
      author: Nimgampalle, Mallikarjuna
       title: Screening of Chloroquine, Hydroxychloroquine and its derivatives for their binding affinity to multiple SARS-CoV-2 protein drug targets
        date: 2020-06-24
       words: 5466
      flesch: 41
     summary: These results point to the fact that the Chloroquine Chloroquine sulfate_ChEBI_50178 À3.9 (À4.0) À4.5 À5.5 (À5.2) À5.9 (À5.1) À5.0 (À5.1) À6.0 (À5.9) À5.1 (À4.9) 4. Chloroquine pyrolidylin_ZINC1666887 À7.0 (À8.0) À5.0 À6 (À5.8) À6.6 (À5.8) À5.5 (6.0) À6.3 (À6.7) À5.7 (À3.7) 5. Chloroquine mustard_ZINC5751278 À5.4 (À6.9) À4.2 À5.8 (À5.2) À5.5 (À5.5) À5.1 (À5.5) À5.5 (À5.6) À5.1 (À3.9) Chemically synthesized chloroquine derivatives 6. CQN2A ( derivatives can bind to Spike glycoprotein, which can potentially lead to disruption of Spike protein interaction with the ACE-2 on host cell surface. Furthermore, Chloroquine derivatives have been tested on Pneumocystis pneumonia (PcP) for their therapeutic activity to repurposing antimalarial drugs for Pneumonia (Gomes et al., 2018; Yeo et al., 2020) .
    keywords: binding; chloroquine; derivatives; docking; drug; hydroxychloroquine; potential; proteins; results; sars; site
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        item: #4217 of 5187
          id: cord-336142-jmetfa6x
      author: MacDougall, Heather
       title: Toronto’s Health Department in Action: Influenza in 1918 and SARS in 2003
        date: 2006-10-11
       words: 10369
      flesch: 52
     summary: Fortunately, Toronto Health had been hiring community workers from the various ethnic groups since the 1980s in recognition of the need to provide culturally sensitive approaches to health education and preventive services. Post, 2003, 39, 6. lack of provincial laboratory support for diagnostic purposes left Toronto Health reliant on volunteers from other health units in Ontario and medical researchers based in the city's hospitals for the information that it needed to determine whether individuals were at risk of contracting or spreading the disease.
    keywords: care; cases; city; control; department; disease; epidemic; flu; health; hospital; influenza; information; nurses; ontario; outbreak; public; quarantine; sars; services; staff; toronto; tph
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        item: #4218 of 5187
          id: cord-336150-l8w7xk0b
      author: Rathore, Jitendra Singh
       title: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), a newly emerged pathogen: an overview
        date: 2020-08-25
       words: 7378
      flesch: 47
     summary: Not so fast Potent binding of 2019 novel coronavirus spike protein by a SARS coronavirus-specific human monoclonal antibody Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro Human IgG neutralizing monoclonal antibodies block SARS-CoV-2 infection Receptor recognition by the novel coronavirus from Wuhan: an analysis based on decade-long structural studies of SARS coronavirus Nitazoxanide has demonstrated potent in vitro activity against SARS CoV-2, with an EC 50 at 48 h of 2.12 μM in Vero E6 cells .
    keywords: ace2; bat; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; human; infection; mers; protein; rbd; receptor; sars; vaccine
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        item: #4219 of 5187
          id: cord-336177-p7b7yw28
      author: Selvi, Valeria
       title: Convalescent Plasma: A Challenging Tool to Treat COVID-19 Patients—A Lesson from the Past and New Perspectives
        date: 2020-09-22
       words: 5464
      flesch: 40
     summary: WHO Pandemia WHO Director-General's opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19 -11 Perspectives on therapeutic neutralizing antibodies against the Novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Immunoglobulins or convalescent plasma to tackle COVID-19: buying time to save livescurrent situation and perspectives Convalescent plasma as a potential therapy for COVID-19 Blood transfusion during the COVID-19 outbreak A novel treatment approach to the novel coronavirus: an argument for the use of therapeutic plasma exchange for fulminant COVID-19 Treatment of COVID-19: old tricks for new challenges The convalescent sera option for containing COVID-19 Passive immunity in prevention and treatment of infectious diseases Convalescent plasma: new evidence for an old therapeutic tool? Points to consider in the preparation and transfusion of COVID-19 convalescent plasma Ebola virus convalescent blood products: where we are now and where we may need to go Evaluation of convalescent whole blood for treating Ebola virus disease in Convalescent plasma in Covid-19: possible mechanisms of action An augmented passive immune therapy to treat fulminant bacterial infections Position paper on use of convalescent plasma, serum or immune globulin concentrates as an element in response to an emerging virus Meta-analysis: convalescent blood products for Spanish influenza pneumonia: a future H5N1 treatment? Efficacy of immune plasma in treatment of Argentine haemorrhagic fever and association between treatment and a late neurological syndrome Use of convalescent plasma therapy in SARS patients in Hong Kong Convalescent plasma treatment reduced mortality in patients with severe pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 virus infection Hyperimmune IV immunoglobulin Treatment The effectiveness of convalescent plasma and hyperimmune immunoglobulin for the treatment of severe acute respiratory infections of viral etiology: a systematic review and exploratory meta-analysis Treatment of Ebola hemorrhagic fever with blood transfusions from convalescent patients Efficacy of convalescent plasma in relation to dose of Ebola virus antibodies Challenges of convalescent plasma infusion therapy in Middle East respiratory coronavirus infection: a single centre experience Risks and side effects of therapy with plasma and plasma fractions Treatment for emerging viruses: convalescent plasma and COVID-19 Safety update: COVID-19 convalescent plasma in 20,000 hospitalized patients Recommendations for investigational COVID-19 convalescent plasma-Food and Drug Administration Convalescent plasma is a clutch at straws in COVID-19 management! However, convalescent plasma was demonstrated to be associated with antiviral activity in patients with COVID-19 (convalescent plasma treatment was associated with higher rates of negative SARS-CoV-2 viral PCR results from nasopharyngeal swabs at 24, 48, and 72 hours); a statistically significant improvement was noted for the convalescent plasma treatment group compared to controls in the subgroup of patients without life-threatening COVID-19 (91% improvement in the plasma group compared to 68% in the control arm).
    keywords: blood; convalescent; convalescent plasma; covid-19; patients; plasma; sars; therapy; treatment; use
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        item: #4220 of 5187
          id: cord-336227-0j0nbm9k
      author: Aranda‐Abreu, Gonzalo Emiliano
       title: Use of amantadine in a patient with SARS‐CoV‐2
        date: 2020-06-24
       words: 692
      flesch: 50
     summary: It is possible side effects of amantadine, which can be serious, and also that clinical trials utilizing amantadine would be necessary to determine it is overall effectiveness in population of patients. 4 In the absence of a vaccine and unavailability of antiviral medicines being used in clinical trials, amantadine may have potential for treating patients with SARS-CoV-2, even with type 2 diabetes as comorbidity, preventing progression to ARDS with the necessity for assisted ventilation and may also have potential for utilization as preventive or prophylactic for development of infection in persons who have been exposed to the virus.
    keywords: amantadine
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        item: #4221 of 5187
          id: cord-336364-2ust3qoq
      author: Artigas, Laura
       title: In-silico drug repurposing study predicts the combination of pirfenidone and melatonin as a promising candidate therapy to reduce SARS-CoV-2 infection progression and respiratory distress caused by cytokine storm
        date: 2020-10-02
       words: 5863
      flesch: 41
     summary: Starting from different drug targets the effect of the drugs converges on human proteins with a known role in SARS-CoV-2 infection cycle. The 'Coronavirus-host interaction set' is composed of human proteins with a relevant role in SARS-CoV-2 infection and a set of human coronaviruses host interactome retrieved through manual curation of scientific publications (S1 Table) .
    keywords: ard; combination; cov-2; drug; effect; infection; melatonin; network; pirfenidone; proteins; sars; set
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        item: #4222 of 5187
          id: cord-336366-2y68n8s0
      author: Liguori, Claudio
       title: Depressive and anxiety symptoms in patients with SARS-CoV2 infection
        date: 2020-09-14
       words: 871
      flesch: 29
     summary: The main finding of this secondary analysis is the occurrence of anxiety symptoms in 34/103 patients and depressive symptoms in 39/103 patients with COVID-19. We also found that patients with anxiety symptoms presented more frequent muscle ache, higher CRP serum levels and more concomitant neurological symptoms than those without anxiety symptoms.
    keywords: anxiety; patients; symptoms
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        item: #4223 of 5187
          id: cord-336373-xb3jrg75
      author: Vivas, Esther X.
       title: COVID19 and Otology/Neurotology
        date: 2020-08-22
       words: 1982
      flesch: 45
     summary: In general, it is safe to say that while N95s have been used extensively, the role of CAPR and PAPR is limited for routine otologic and neurotologic procedures, but may be necessary on COVID-19 positive patients. Examples of good telehealth candidates include cochlear implant follow ups, tinnitus or hyperacusis counseling and vestibular patients, such as those with established Meniere's disease and lack of middle ear pathology.
    keywords: changes; covid-19; patients
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        item: #4224 of 5187
          id: cord-336394-1xf2sxtv
      author: Li, Yu
       title: The MERS-CoV receptor DPP4 as a candidate binding target of the SARS-CoV-2 spike
        date: 2020-05-13
       words: 1188
      flesch: 38
     summary: The analysis of key residues for DPP4-binding ability acquirement of 171 According to the above results ( Figure 1A substitutions existed at the sites equivalent to E484 and adjacent residues of 186 SARS-CoV-2, and there were no mutations at the rest three key residues ( Figure S1) . The key contact residues at the SARS-CoV-2-S RBD/DPP4 and 492 Regulation and roles of CD26/DPPIV in hematopoiesis and diseases Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell 326 adhesion molecule 5 is an important surface attachment factor that facilitates entry of 327 middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus Dysregulation of DPP4 is associated with the AMPK/JAK2/STAT3 pathway 331 in adipocytes under insulin resistance status and liraglutide intervention Middle east respiratory syndrome 336 coronavirus and bat coronavirus HKU9 both can utilize GRP78 for attachment onto 337 host cells Origin and evolution of pathogenic coronaviruses The tetraspanin CD9 facilitates MERS-coronavirus entry by scaffolding host 344 cell receptors and proteases The MM/PBSA and MM/GBSA methods to 347 estimate ligand-binding affinities The sequence of human ACE2 is suboptimal for binding the S 350 spike protein of SARS coronavirus 2 SARS-CoV-2 cell 355 entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease 356 inhibitor Identifying SARS-CoV-2 related coronaviruses in 360 Malayan pangolins Crystal structure of the 2019-nCoV spike 364 receptor-binding domain bound with the ACE2 receptor Functional assessment of cell entry and 368 receptor usage for SARS-CoV-2 and other lineage B betacoronaviruses ff14SB: Improving the accuracy of protein side chain and 373 backbone parameters from ff99SB MMPBSA.py:
    keywords: binding; cov-2; dpp4; sars
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        item: #4225 of 5187
          id: cord-336447-hpnkou41
      author: Pitlik, Silvio Daniel
       title: COVID-19 Compared to Other Pandemic Diseases
        date: 2020-07-31
       words: 6150
      flesch: 44
     summary: 87, 88 Readers can visit these sites to access updates regarding ongoing developments related to COVID-19 vaccines and treatments. Excess mortality estimation during the COVID-19 pandemic: preliminary data from Portugal Diagnostic performance of COVID-19 serology assays Cholera and the water supply in the South districts of London UCLA Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health New insights on the emergence of cholera in Latin America during 1991: the Peruvian experience Impact of complete lockdown on total infection and death rates: a hierarchical cluster analysis The Jenner Society and the Edward Jenner Museum: tributes to a physicianscientist Smallpox vaccines for biodefense Draft landscape of COVID-19 candidate vaccines The race for coronavirus vaccines: a graphical guide The COVID-19 vaccine development landscape The SARS-CoV-2 vaccine pipeline: an overview Remdesivir for the treatment of COVID-19 -preliminary report Deployment of convalescent plasma for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 Economics in the Age of COVID-19 The economic impact of COVID-19 COVID-19: in the footsteps of Ernest Shackleton Coronavirus drug and treatment tracker Coronavirus vaccine tracker.
    keywords: cases; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; history; human; new; number; pandemic; sars; vaccine; virus; viruses
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        item: #4226 of 5187
          id: cord-336481-vrnxu217
      author: Bonifácio, Lívia Pimenta
       title: Are SARS-CoV-2 reinfection and Covid-19 recurrence possible? a case report from Brazil
        date: 2020-09-18
       words: 1523
      flesch: 44
     summary: Although theoretically possible, the fact that she fell ill for the second time about a week after being home exposed to confirmed Covid-19 cases makes this explanation very unlikely. On June 21, two family members develop flu-like symptoms and were lately confirmed as Covid-19 cases by RT-PCR.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; sars; symptoms
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        item: #4227 of 5187
          id: cord-336488-opjjowcq
      author: Kenanidis, Eustathios
       title: Organizing an Orthopaedic Department During COVID-19 Pandemic to Mitigate In-Hospital Transmission: Experience From Greece
        date: 2020-06-17
       words: 3388
      flesch: 39
     summary: Pregnant, immunocompromised or over 60 years of age staff were protected; thus, we preferred to involve healthy younger personnel for the care of COVID-19 patients [12] . Two operating theatre complexes with negative pressure and ventilation systems and an integrated high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter to decrease viral dissemination were chosen for surgery of COVID-19 patients [7, 9, 12, 15] .
    keywords: care; covid-19; hospital; orthopaedic; patients; sars; surgery; transmission
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        item: #4228 of 5187
          id: cord-336517-v7z62tld
      author: Chu, Hsu-Feng
       title: Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus papain-like protease 2 can be noncompetitively inhibited by 6-thioguanine
        date: 2018-08-20
       words: 5219
      flesch: 48
     summary: The coding sequence of the USA strain of PEDV PL2 pro Ubl and catalytic domain (GenBank accession number AHC03501.1; polyprotein residues 1630-1922) was full-gene synthesized (Genomics Co., Taiwan). Like other coronaviral PL pro s, PEDV PL2 pro is not only a deubiquitinating (DUB) protease but also a multifunctional protein which plays a role in regulating host antiviral immune response (Chaudhuri et al., 2011; Clementz et al., 2010; Mielech et al., 2014; Xing et al., 2013; Zheng et al., 2008) .
    keywords: activity; coronavirus; cov; et al; mers; papain; pedv; pl2; pro; protease; sars
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        item: #4229 of 5187
          id: cord-336522-y9nzsv95
      author: Rosenke, Kyle
       title: Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 in Vero cell cultures by peptide-conjugated morpholino-oligomers
        date: 2020-09-30
       words: 1726
      flesch: 41
     summary: Using an MOI of 0.01, virus growth rose steadily and reached peak growth at 72 hrs post-136 infection ( Fig. 1B and H) AUG PPMO was not nearly as effective as the other 4 antiviral PPMO used in this study ( Figure 146 1C and I). 35 Results: PPMO designed to base-pair with sequence in the 5'-terminal region or the leader 36 transcription regulatory sequence-region of SARS-CoV-2 genomic RNA were highly 37 efficacious, reducing viral titers by up to 4-6 log10 in cell cultures at 48-72 hours post-infection, 38 in a non-toxic and dose-responsive manner.
    keywords: cell; cov-2; ppmo; sars; sequence
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        item: #4230 of 5187
          id: cord-336535-r3a57m57
      author: Kohmer, Niko
       title: Brief clinical evaluation of six high-throughput SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody assays
        date: 2020-06-01
       words: 1483
      flesch: 41
     summary: Focusing on IgG and total antibodies, we demonstrate the performance of four automated immunoassays (Abbott Architect™ i2000 (N protein-based)), Roche cobas™ e 411 analyzer (N protein-based, not differentiating between IgA, IgM or IgG antibodies), LIAISON®XL platform (S1 and S2 protein-based), VIRCLIA® automation system (S1 and N protein-based) in comparison two ELISA assays (Euroimmun SARS-CoV-2 IgG (S1 protein-based) and Virotech SARS-CoV-2 IgG ELISA (N protein-based)) and an in-house developed plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT). The Euroimmun SARS-CoV-2 IgG ELISA (Euroimmun, Lübeck, Germany) and Virotech SARS-CoV-2 IgG ELISA (Virotech Diagnostics GmbH, Rüsselsheim, Germany; TABLE 1) were used, in an identical manner, according to the manufacturer's recommendation.
    keywords: assays; cov-2; protein; sars
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        item: #4231 of 5187
          id: cord-336543-ydrmlujj
      author: Cavalli, Eugenio
       title: Entangling COVID-19 associated thrombosis into a secondary antiphospholipid antibody syndrome: Diagnostic and therapeutic perspectives (Review)
        date: 2020-06-25
       words: 5864
      flesch: 30
     summary: cOVId-19 pathophysiology: A review al; china Medical Treatment Expert group for covid-19: clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in china The epidemiology and pathogenesis of coronavirus disease (cOVId-19) outbreak Physiological and pathological regulation of AcE2, the SARS-coV-2 receptor A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin differential expression of neuronal AcE2 in transgenic mice with overexpression of the brain renin-angiotensin system Boone cE and deconde AS: Association of chemosensory dysfunction and cOVId-19 in patients presenting with influenza-like symptoms Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, china, of novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia Updated understanding of the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-ncoV) in Wuhan, china Features, evaluation and treatment coronavirus The extent of transmission of novel coronavirus in Wuhan, china, 2020 Abnormal coagulation parameters are associated with poor prognosis in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia cOVId-19 patients' clinical characteristics, discharge rate, and fatality rate of meta-analysis Analysis of coagulation parameters in patients with cOVId-19 in Shanghai, china Venous and arterial thromboembolic complications in cOVId-19 patients admitted to an academic hospital in Supported by the ESc Working group on Pulmonary circulation and Right Ventricular Function: cOVId-19 and thrombotic or thromboembolic disease: implications for prevention, antithrombotic therapy, and follow-up: JAcc State-of-the-Art Review Anticoagulant treatment is associated with decreased mortality in severe coronavirus disease 2019 patients with coagulopathy More on cOVId-19 coagulopathy in caucasian patients Thromboembolic events and apparent heparin resistance in patients infected with SARS-coV-2 The pathogenesis and treatment of the 'cytokine Storm' in cOVId-19 In the eye of the cOVId-19 cytokine storm complement associated microvascular injury and thrombosis in the pathogenesis of severe cOVId-19 infection: A report of five cases complement as a target in cOVId-19? Will complement inhibition be the new target in treating cOVId-19-related systemic thrombosis? The beneficial effects observed with hydroxychloroquine in APS patients (26, 43) has also been claimed in cOVId-19 patients but it needs, however, formal demonstration (43, 44) .
    keywords: abs; anti; aps; covid-19; infection; patients; sars; syndrome; thrombosis
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        item: #4232 of 5187
          id: cord-336554-n8n5ii5k
      author: Singh, Thakur Uttam
       title: Drug repurposing approach to fight COVID-19
        date: 2020-09-05
       words: 13068
      flesch: 39
     summary: Further, darunavir has been used (600 mg tablet every 12 h) along with other anti-viral drugs and supportive therapy in the clinical management of COVID-19 patients presented with a range of MEWS from less than 3 to more than 4 in Italy [33] . Hydroxychloroquine phosphate (400 mg tablet every 12 h as a loading dose followed 200 mg tablet every 12 h for 10 days) or chloroquine phosphate (250 mg of two tablet every 12 h for 10 days) along with other anti-viral drugs and supportive therapy have been used in the clinical management of COVID-19 patients presented with a range of MEWS from less than 3 to more than 4 in Italy
    keywords: antiviral; arbidol; clinical; coronavirus; cov2; covid-19; disease; dose; drug; effects; hydroxychloroquine; infection; inhibitors; interferon; lopinavir; patients; protease; remdesivir; ribavirin; ritonavir; sars; study; therapy; tocilizumab; treatment; trial; use
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        item: #4233 of 5187
          id: cord-336560-m5u6ryy9
      author: Boudewijns, Robbert
       title: STAT2 signaling as double-edged sword restricting viral dissemination but driving severe pneumonia in SARS-CoV-2 infected hamsters
        date: 2020-07-02
       words: 5039
      flesch: 37
     summary: Of note, these receptor knockouts did not affect ACE2 expression in hamster lungs (Fig. S9A ), while interferon-stimulated genes (ISG) 27 such as MX-2 (strongly induced by IFNα/STAT2 signaling) and IP-10 (induced by both type I and type II IFNs) showed a differential expression pattern when comparing the different genotypes, triggered by SARS-CoV-2 infection (Fig. S9B) . The lack of readily accessible serum markers or the absence of overt disease symptoms in hamsters prompted us to establish a non-invasive means to score for lung infection and SARS-CoV-2 induced lung disease by computed tomography (CT) as used in standard patient care to aid COVID-19 diagnosis with high sensitivity and monitor progression/recovery 7, 33, 35, 36 .
    keywords: covid-19; disease; fig; hamsters; infection; interferon; levels; lung; mice; rna; sars; stat2; type; virus
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        item: #4234 of 5187
          id: cord-336561-llwjsds8
      author: Ghosh, Sanhita
       title: siRNA could be a potential therapy for COVID-19
        date: 2020-04-22
       words: 746
      flesch: 50
     summary: https://patents.google.com/patent/US8653252 Poly (amidoamine) dendrimer nanocarriers and their aerosol formulations for siRNA delivery to the lung epithelium Short interfering RNA (siRNA) analogues The pandemic pipeline Online ahead of print Research and development on therapeutic agents and vaccines for COVID-19 and related human coronavirus diseases SARS coronavirus disturbance RNA and its uses RNAi agents for anti-SARS coronavirus therapy Small interfering RNA for restraining SARS corona virus M protein gene expression, encoding gene and application thereof Medicine for preventing and treatig SARS coronavirus WHO Coronavirus disease (COVID-2019) situation reports. Thus, for the treatment of COVID-19 siRNA based therapy can be developed against the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, where siRNAs can hit the highly conserved region of SARS-CoV-2 RNA and also can act as an inhibitor to suppress the genetic disorders of the lungs.
    keywords: delivery; sars; sirna
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        item: #4235 of 5187
          id: cord-336563-hwemigk7
      author: Bhimraj, Adarsh
       title: Infectious Diseases Society of America Guidelines on the Treatment and Management of Patients with COVID-19
        date: 2020-04-27
       words: 8317
      flesch: 36
     summary: A Randomized Control Trial (THDMS-COVID19) High-Dose Intravenous Immunoglobulin as a Therapeutic Option for Deteriorating Patients With Coronavirus Disease GS-5734 and its parent nucleoside analog inhibit Filo-, Pneumo-, and Paramyxoviruses Broad-spectrum antiviral GS-5734 inhibits both epidemic and zoonotic coronaviruses Therapeutic efficacy of the small molecule GS-5734 against Ebola virus in rhesus monkeys Prophylactic and therapeutic remdesivir (GS-5734) treatment in the rhesus macaque model of MERS-CoV infection Compassionate Use of Remdesivir for Patients with Severe COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor Vascular and upper gastrointestinal effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: meta-analyses of individual participant data from randomised trials Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug induced acute kidney injury in the community dwelling general population and people with chronic kidney disease: systematic review and meta-analysis Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs may affect the presentation and course of community-acquired pneumonia Risks Related to the Use of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Adult and Pediatric Patients Efficacy of Addition of Naproxen in the Treatment of Critically Ill Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19 Infection (ENACOVID) HFSA/ACC/AHA statement addresses concerns re: using RAAS antagonists in COVID-19 Treating COVID-19-Off-Label Drug Use, Compassionate Use, and Randomized Clinical Trials During Pandemics Editorial Concern-Possible Reporting of the Same Patients With COVID-19 in Different Reports Steroid therapy and the risk of osteonecrosis in SARS patients: a dose-response meta-analysis The Ebola clinical trials: a precedent for research ethics in disasters Clinical research ethics for critically ill patients: a pandemic proposal Early observational research and registries during the 2009-2010 influenza A pandemic Choosing outcomes for clinical trials: a pragmatic perspective In an open label treatment trial, lopinavir-ritonavir with ribavirin reduced the mortality and requirement of intensive care support of hospitalized SARS patients compared with historical control
    keywords: clinical; covid-19; disease; evidence; guideline; outcomes; panel; patients; recommendations; risk; sars; studies; treatment; trials; use
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        item: #4236 of 5187
          id: cord-336585-19vwpjkt
      author: Adem, Şevki
       title: Caffeic acid derivatives (CAFDs) as inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2: CAFDs-based functional foods as a potential alternative approach to combat COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-22
       words: 3583
      flesch: 33
     summary: The crystal structures of the following SARS-CoV-2 proteins were retrieved from the protein data bank web site (http://www.rcsb.org/pdb): SARS-CoV-2 M pro (PDB ID: 6LU7: Resolution 2.16 Å) (Jin et al., 2020) , Nsp15 endoribonuclease (PDB ID: 6VWW) (Kim et al., 2020b) , coronavirus fusion protein (PDB ID: 6LXT) (Xia et al., 2020) , SARS-CoV-2 spike ectodomain (PDB ID: 6VYB) and spike glycoprotein (open state) (PDB ID: 6VXX) (Walls et al., 2020a) . SARS-CoV-2 genome possesses a complex organization encoding various structural as well as non-structural proteins (Nsps) (Kim et al., 2020a) .
    keywords: acid; cafds; cov-2; covid-19; interactions; potential; protein; sars; spike; virus
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        item: #4237 of 5187
          id: cord-336604-2auhkxce
      author: Kumar, Pramod
       title: Integrated genomic view of SARS-CoV-2 in India
        date: 2020-08-03
       words: 4932
      flesch: 53
     summary: A total of 104 samples passed the quality threshold for mapping full genome coverage threshold for SARS-CoV-2 genome <0.05 N content with median coverage ~1500× (see Underlying data for each accession number [Kumar et al., 2020a] . [Kumar et al., 2020a] .
    keywords: cluster; cov-2; data; et al; figure; genome; india; protein; samples; sars; sequencing
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        item: #4238 of 5187
          id: cord-336605-d4loia11
      author: Zhang, Xue Wu
       title: Old drugs as lead compounds for a new disease? Binding analysis of SARS coronavirus main proteinase with HIV, psychotic and parasite drugs
        date: 2004-05-15
       words: 1568
      flesch: 47
     summary: Binding analysis of SARS coronavirus main proteinase with HIV, psychotic and parasite drugs date: 2004-05-15 journal: Bioorg Med Chem DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2004.03.035 sha: doc_id: 336605 cord_uid: d4loia11 The SARS-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) main proteinase is a key enzyme in viral polyprotein processing. The SARS-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) main proteinase (Mpro or 3CL pro) plays a key role in proteolytic processing of the replicase polyproteins 1a and 1ab, which makes it an attractive target for developing drugs against this new disease.
    keywords: cov; drugs; proteinase; sars
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        item: #4239 of 5187
          id: cord-336628-0evl3wnd
      author: Neufeldt, Christopher J.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 infection induces a pro-inflammatory cytokine response through cGAS-STING and NF-κB
        date: 2020-07-21
       words: 5906
      flesch: 41
     summary: One hour after infection cells were treated with the indicated drugs at the given concentrations. We also demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2 infection leads specifically to NF-κB but not IRF3 nuclear localization and that poly(I:C)-induced pathway activation is attenuated in infected cells.
    keywords: activation; cells; cgas; cov-2; infection; levels; response; rna; sars; sting; virus
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        item: #4240 of 5187
          id: cord-336671-vfq5ft08
      author: Ai, Jing-Wen
       title: Era of molecular diagnosis for pathogen identification of unexplained pneumonia, lessons to be learned
        date: 2020-03-16
       words: 1884
      flesch: 46
     summary: Recent advances in the detection of respiratory virus infection in humans A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China RNA based mNGS approach identifies a novel human coronavirus from two individual pneumonia cases in 2019 Wuhan outbreak Clinical metagenomic sequencing for diagnosis of meningitis and encephalitis Comparison of the filmarray respiratory panel and prodesse realtime PCR assays for detection of respiratory pathogens However, these methods were not able to detect novel pathogens as in the case of Hubei Province.
    keywords: crispr; novel; pcr; pneumonia; sars
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        item: #4241 of 5187
          id: cord-336677-h62angfw
      author: Rousseau, Antoine
       title: Sars-Cov-2, Covid-19 Et Œil: Le Point Sur Les Données Publiées
        date: 2020-05-30
       words: 3191
      flesch: 40
     summary: [21, 22] , et est impliqué dans la réactivité des lymphocytes. En outre, ACE2 est impliquée dans la régulation du système rénine-angiotensine (que le virus pourrait par ce biais perturber, générant des troubles de la perméabilité tissulaire) et aussi dans la régulation du relargage par les lymphocytes de diverses cytokines, ce qui pourrait expliquer en partie les dysrégulations inflammatoires observées dans le COVID-19.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; dans; des; est; les; patients; pour; qui; sars; sur; une; virus
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        item: #4242 of 5187
          id: cord-336696-c3rbmysh
      author: Oberfeld, Blake
       title: SnapShot: COVID-19
        date: 2020-04-30
       words: 1231
      flesch: 34
     summary: The causative agent was characterized as a novel coronavirus, initially referred to as 2019-nCoV and renamed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) (Zhou et al., 2020b) . Human coronaviruses include 229E, NL63, OC43, and HKU1, which are associated with mild seasonal illness, as well as viruses responsible for past outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS).
    keywords: covid-19; disease; sars
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        item: #4243 of 5187
          id: cord-336702-2qa4u8gv
      author: Agarwal, Sangya
       title: Harnessing CAR T-cell Insights to Develop Treatments for Hyperinflammatory Responses in Patients with COVID-19
        date: 2020-04-17
       words: 2370
      flesch: 37
     summary: key: cord-336702-2qa4u8gv authors: Agarwal, Sangya; June, Carl H. title: Harnessing CAR T-cell Insights to Develop Treatments for Hyperinflammatory Responses in Patients with COVID-19 date: 2020-04-17 journal: Cancer Discov DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-20-0473 sha: doc_id: 336702 cord_uid: 2qa4u8gv Cytokine release and macrophage activation contribute to immunopathology after SARS-CoV-2 infection. We discuss approaches to decrease the morbidity and mortality in patients with COVID-19 by repurposing existing drugs previously developed for cancer therapy.
    keywords: cell; covid-19; crs; hlh; patients; sars; treatment
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        item: #4244 of 5187
          id: cord-336711-bnb62wa6
      author: Wang, Xiaoyang
       title: CT findings of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-06-23
       words: 2047
      flesch: 59
     summary: We also noticed that there were 13 cases with the progress of CT findings during the treatment, and ten of the 13 cases recovered in CT features after 10day treatment. CT features can play an important role in the early diagnosis and follow-up of COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: chest; cov-2; patients; sars
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        item: #4245 of 5187
          id: cord-336720-2bf3xzni
      author: Zhen, Wei
       title: Comparison of Four Molecular In Vitro Diagnostic Assays for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Nasopharyngeal Specimens
        date: 2020-04-22
       words: 3045
      flesch: 54
     summary: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.17.20069864 doi: medRxiv preprint performed both the modified CDC and GenMark assays when it came to overall LoD, with GenMark having 253 the overall highest LoD of all four platforms evaluated. 171 The LoD established by percent positive rate ranged from 1,000 copies/mL by both the GenMark and the 172 modified CDC assays to 50 copies/mL by the DiaSorin Molecular assay ( Table 2) .
    keywords: author; funder; license; medrxiv; peer; preprint
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        item: #4246 of 5187
          id: cord-336722-41eqt97y
      author: Sehmi, P.
       title: Presence of Live SARS-CoV-2 Virus in Feces of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Patients: A Rapid Review
        date: 2020-06-29
       words: 1690
      flesch: 51
     summary: Whereas the disease primarily affects the respiratory system, a subset of COVID-19 patients presents with gastro-intestinal symptoms, 3, 4 raising concerns of potential alternative routes of viral shedding and disease transmission. In this rapid review, we systematically analyzed literature to establish any evidence of live SARS-CoV-2 virus in fecal samples of COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: covid-19; license; preprint
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        item: #4247 of 5187
          id: cord-336742-42ebj3gi
      author: Demmler, Gail J
       title: Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): a review of the history, epidemiology, prevention, and concerns for the future
        date: 2003-07-31
       words: 3162
      flesch: 48
     summary: Ribavirin has been used clinically in SARS patients, but it seems to lack the in vitro efficacy. M pro and constructed a homology model for SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV)
    keywords: cases; coronavirus; days; disease; hong; hospital; patients; sars
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        item: #4248 of 5187
          id: cord-336752-cpxnof1b
      author: Zeng, Qi‐Qiang
       title: Radiomics‐based model for accurately distinguishing between severe acute respiratory syndrome associated coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) and influenza A infected pneumonia
        date: 2020-08-13
       words: 3372
      flesch: 35
     summary: 13 Common radiographic features of IAP patients on chest CT include ground-glass opacities and consolidation, which are not outstandingly different from that of NCP patients to the naked eye, as a recent report demonstrated. This is clinically important because there is little evidence that early clinical signs and symptoms demonstrated by NCP patients are any different from that of their IAP counterparts.
    keywords: cov-2; iap; ncp; nomogram; patients; pneumonia; radiomics; sars
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        item: #4249 of 5187
          id: cord-336769-5x6xjuew
      author: Payne, Daniel C.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 Infections and Serologic Responses from a Sample of U.S. Navy Service Members — USS Theodore Roosevelt, April 2020
        date: 2020-06-12
       words: 2567
      flesch: 35
     summary: Reported symptoms were categorized using the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE) case definition for COVID-19 (5), including category A (at least cough or shortness of breath/difficulty breathing) and category B (no cough or shortness of breath, but two or more other symptoms*) or neither. Public health responses to COVID-19 outbreaks on cruise ships-worldwide
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; infection; participants; sars
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        item: #4250 of 5187
          id: cord-336775-d4hi9myk
      author: Kirtipal, Nikhil
       title: From SARS to SARS-CoV-2, insights on structure, pathogenicity and immunity aspects of pandemic human coronaviruses
        date: 2020-08-13
       words: 8621
      flesch: 29
     summary: bat-SL-CoVZX45 and bat-SL-CoVZX2 from bats Zhou et al., 2020b) . (E), nucleocapsid (N) proteins, and hemagglutinin (HA), where S, M, and E proteins are embedded in viral envelop while N protein protects viral RNA genome located as core of virus ( Fig. 3 ) (Zhou et al., 2020b) .
    keywords: ace2; bats; cells; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; covs; et al; genome; host; human; immune; infection; mers; patients; protein; receptor; respiratory; responses; rna; sars; syndrome
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        item: #4251 of 5187
          id: cord-336782-0zkb39v1
      author: Fraile Gutiérrez, V.
       title: Narrative review of ultrasound in the management of the critically ill patient with SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19): clinical applications in intensive care medicine
        date: 2020-11-02
       words: 6663
      flesch: 39
     summary: Recomendations of the Cardiological Intensive Care and CPR Working Group of the Spanish Society of Intensive Care and Coronary Units Point-of-care lung ultrasound in patients with COVID-19 -a narrative review Chinese Critical Care Ultrasound Study G. Findings of lung ultrasonography of novel corona virus pneumonia during the 2019-2020 epidemic COVID-19 outbreak: less stethoscope, more ultrasound Lung ultrasound and B-lines quantification inaccuracy: B sure to have the right solution Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound findings in novel coronavirus disease-19 pnemoniae: a case report and potential applications during COVID-19 outbreak Persistence of coronaviruses on inanimate surfaces and their inactivation with biocidal agents COVID-19 Lo que el técnico tiene que saber Products with emerging viral pathogens and human coronavirus claims for use against SARS-CoV-2 Surviving Sepsis Campaign: guidelines on the management of critically ill adults with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Verification of Endotracheal Tube Placement The assessment of four different methods to verify tracheal tube placement in the critical care setting Comparison of three different methods to confirm tracheal tube placement in emergency intubation ) for confirming endotracheal tube placement during emergency intubation Confirmation of endotracheal tube placement after intubation using the ultrasound sliding lung sign BLUE-protocol and FALLS-protocol: two applications of lung ultrasound in the critically ill A bedside ultrasound sign ruling out pneumothorax in the critically ill. Lung sliding Thoracic ultrasonography: a narrative review Chest ultrasound in acute respiratory distress syndrome Global and regional diagnostic accuracy of lung ultrasound compared to CT in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome Relevance of lung ultrasound in the diagnosis of acute respiratory failure: the BLUE protocol Six versus eight and twenty-eight scan sites for B-line assessment: differences in examination time and findings Bedside ultrasound assessment of positive end-expiratory pressure-induced lung recruitment Ultrasound assessment of lung aeration loss during a successful weaning trial predicts postextubation distress* Diagnosis of pneumothorax by radiography and ultrasonography: a meta-analysis Pleural ultrasonography versus chest radiography for the diagnosis of pneumothorax: review of the literature and meta-analysis Thelung point: an ultrasound sign specific to pneumothorax Sonographic diagnosis of pneumothorax Focused abdominal sonogram for trauma: the learning curve of nonradiologist clinicians in detecting hemoperitoneum Pleural ultrasonography Whole Body Ultrasonography in the Critically Ill Abnormal coagulation parameters are associated with poor prognosis in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia Tissue Plasminogen Activator (tPA) treatment for COVID-19 Associated Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS): a case series Anticoagulant treatment is associated with decreased mortality in severe coronavirus disease 2019 patients with coagulopathy Real-time ultrasound-guided catheterisation of the internal jugular vein: a prospective comparison with the landmark technique in critical care patients Guidelines for performing ultrasound guided vascular cannulation: recommendations of the American Society of Echocardiography and the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists Guidelines on the use of ultrasound guidance for vascular access Anatomical variations in the internal jugular veins of cancer patients affecting central venous access.
    keywords: acute; cardiac; care; cov-2; covid-19; echocardiography; fig; lung; lung ultrasound; patients; pattern; sars; ultrasound; ventricular
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        item: #4252 of 5187
          id: cord-336793-9bbyu1qx
      author: Matsuyama, Shutoku
       title: The inhaled steroid ciclesonide blocks SARS-CoV-2 RNA replication by targeting viral replication-transcription complex in culture cells
        date: 2020-08-24
       words: 713
      flesch: 52
     summary: These observations indicate that the suppressive effect of ciclesonide on viral replication is specific to coronaviruses, highlighting it as a candidate drug for the treatment of COVID-19 patients. A novel coronavirus from patients with 301 pneumonia in China Drug treatment options for the 2019-new coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-306 nCoV) in vitro The inhaled corticosteroid ciclesonide blocks coronavirus RNA replication by targeting viral Therapeutic 351 potential of ciclesonide inahalation for COVID-19 pneumonia:
    keywords: ciclesonide; replication
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        item: #4253 of 5187
          id: cord-336810-77wq9laa
      author: Klocperk, Adam
       title: Complex Immunometabolic Profiling Reveals the Activation of Cellular Immunity and Biliary Lesions in Patients with Severe COVID-19
        date: 2020-09-17
       words: 4688
      flesch: 36
     summary: Individually, laboratory abnormalities have been reported in COVID-19 patients, including an elevation of inflammatory markers and liver enzymes, abnormal renal function tests, and an elevated serum soluble interleukin 2 (IL-2) receptor (sIL2R) and IL-6. As a contribution to the current knowledge pool, our report describes a representative cohort of COVID-19 patients hospitalized during the pandemic in a large Czech hospital.
    keywords: cells; course; covid-19; disease; elevation; figure; liver; markers; patients; sars; study
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        item: #4254 of 5187
          id: cord-336836-54o9vjdl
      author: Zhen, Wei
       title: Clinical Evaluation of Three Sample-to-Answer Platforms for Detection of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-07-23
       words: 3414
      flesch: 49
     summary: Retrospective samples were thawed and immediately tested using the Hologic Panther Fusion SARS-CoV-2 assay (reference standard) and the ID NOW and Xpert Xpress assays. Further evaluation of distributions of positive results across all three platforms showed that Xpert Xpress detected a total of 57 positive results, followed by ePlex at 53 and ID NOW at 50.
    keywords: cov-2; eplex; platforms; sars; xpert; xpress
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        item: #4255 of 5187
          id: cord-336837-rerp1g1w
      author: Jones, Nick K
       title: Effective control of SARS-CoV-2 transmission between healthcare workers during a period of diminished community prevalence of COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-19
       words: 3084
      flesch: 35
     summary: In addition to asymptomatic screening, testing of symptomatic HCWs is essential for preventing excessive erosion of the hospital workforce by self-isolation on the basis of symptoms alone, and testing of symptomatic HCW household contacts negates the need for unnecessary self-quarantine periods for co-habiting HCWs. This fall in positive HCW tests mirrored the decline in both patients testing positive at CUHNFT and those tested throughout the wider region ( Figure 1B) .
    keywords: data; hcw; hcws; sars; screening
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        item: #4256 of 5187
          id: cord-336870-nirg3269
      author: Abebe, Endeshaw Chekol
       title: The newly emerged COVID-19 disease: a systemic review
        date: 2020-07-08
       words: 4167
      flesch: 52
     summary: The global distribution of COVID-19 cases as of March 12, 2020 WHO situation reports 52 is shown in Fig. The total number of COVID-19 cases is likely to be higher due to the inherent difficulties in identifying and counting mild and asymptomatic cases, especially in those developing countries having poor settings for case detection.
    keywords: cases; china; coronavirus; covid-19; novel; patients; sars; symptoms
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        item: #4257 of 5187
          id: cord-336909-nnxa5ant
      author: Guedez-López, Gladys Virginia
       title: Evaluation of three immunochromatographic tests for rapid detection of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-08-17
       words: 3250
      flesch: 43
     summary: Considering the high rate of false positives when using Prometheus® test, an extra 20 serum samples of randomly selected patients from 2018 were studied as negative controls and the results confirmed a high percentage of false positive with this assay (35%). Regarding the In addition, 20 extra serum samples of randomly selected patients from 2018 were tested as negative control with Prometheus® and Sienna® test.
    keywords: patients; prometheus; sars; sienna
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        item: #4258 of 5187
          id: cord-336938-03366q9t
      author: Thacker, Vivek V
       title: Rapid endothelialitis and vascular inflammation characterise SARS-CoV-2 infection in a human lung-on-chip model
        date: 2020-08-10
       words: 2822
      flesch: 34
     summary: NRP1 expression was between one and four orders of magnitude higher than ACE2 expression both in monoculture and on-chip (Fig. S1A, 1D) , with a10-fold higher expression in endothelial cells compared to epithelial cells that was retained on-chip ( Fig S1B) . Robust three-dimensional expansion of human adult alveolar stem cells and SARS-CoV-2 infection Single cell RNA sequencing of 13 human tissues identify cell types and receptors of human coronaviruses The protein expression profile of ACE2 in human tissues Upregulation of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 by shear stress reduced inflammation and proliferation in vascular endothelial cells Neuropilin-1/
    keywords: cells; dpi; endothelial; epithelial; fig; human; infection; sars
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        item: #4259 of 5187
          id: cord-337026-osgi06o4
      author: Panoutsopoulos, Alexios A.
       title: Conjunctivitis as a Sentinel of SARS-CoV-2 Infection: a Need of Revision for Mild Symptoms
        date: 2020-06-19
       words: 3183
      flesch: 38
     summary: The Molecular Biology of Coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2 Coronaviruses (CoVs) are RNA viruses with the largest RNA in base length identified so far and belong to the Coronaviridae family. Except for DNA viruses though, RNA viruses are often associated with conjunctivitis.
    keywords: cell; conjunctivitis; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; host; protein; receptor; sars; virus
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        item: #4260 of 5187
          id: cord-337032-s4g4g80w
      author: Gupta, Manoj Kumar
       title: In-silico approaches to detect inhibitors of the human severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus envelope protein ion channel
        date: 2020-04-15
       words: 3974
      flesch: 40
     summary: SARS-CoV2 is an enveloped virus and E proteins present in them are reported to form ion channels, which is mainly associated with pathogenesis. While M and S protein constitutes the major portion of the viral envelope, E proteins are reported to oligomerize and form ion channels (Venkatagopalan et al., 2015) .
    keywords: cov2; cov2 e; et al; ion; protein; sars; structure
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        item: #4261 of 5187
          id: cord-337089-ksh62ni0
      author: Salajegheh Tazerji, Sina
       title: Transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to animals: an updated review
        date: 2020-09-21
       words: 4909
      flesch: 46
     summary: 31 Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding A novel coronavirus outbreak of global health concern Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): the epidemic and the challenges A novel coronavirus emerging in China-key questions for impact assessment Susceptibility of ferrets, cats, dogs, and other domesticated animals to SARS-coronavirus 2 Discovery of a novel coronavirus, China Rattus coronavirus HKU24, from Norway rats supports the murine origin of Betacoronavirus 1 and has implications for the ancestor of Betacoronavirus lineage A The COVID-19 pandemic: a comprehensive review of taxonomy, genetics, epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and control Characterization and complete genome sequence of a novel coronavirus, coronavirus HKU1, from patients with pneumonia Discovery of seven novel Mammalian and avian coronaviruses in the genus deltacoronavirus supports bat coronaviruses as the gene source of alphacoronavirus and betacoronavirus and avian coronaviruses as the gene source of gammacoronavirus and deltacoronavirus Emerging coronaviruses: genome structure, replication, and pathogenesis Composition and divergence of coronavirus spike proteins and host ACE2 receptors predict potential intermediate hosts of SARS-CoV-2 Epidemiology, genetic recombination, and pathogenesis of coronaviruses Coronavirus infection in equines: a review Efficient assembly and release of SARS coronavirus-like particles by a heterologous expression system MERS-CoV virus-like particles produced in insect cells induce specific humoural and cellular immunity in rhesus macaques Emerging novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)-current scenario, evolutionary perspective based on genome analysis and recent developments Evolutionary trajectory for the emergence of novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 The Phyre2 web portal for protein modeling, prediction and analysis The proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2 Low-level of infection whit COVID-19 in pet dog Molecular basis of COVID-19 relationships in different species: a one health perspective Novel SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19: origin, pathogenesis, genes and genetic variations, immune responses and phylogenetic analysis World Health Organization WHO: summary table of SARS cases by country Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-like virus in Chinese horseshoe bats Bats are natural reservoirs of SARS-like coronaviruses SARS virus infection of cats and ferrets Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia Genomic characterization of a newly discovered coronavirus associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome in humans Middle East Although possible protection caused by the possession of a pet has not yet been found, the frequent occurrence of coronavirus in canines could help the human immune system develop a better response against SARS-CoV-2 [41] .
    keywords: animals; cats; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; humans; novel; protein; sars; spike; studies; transmission
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        item: #4262 of 5187
          id: cord-337093-7pxfzuq0
      author: Hess, David C.
       title: COVID-19-Related Stroke
        date: 2020-05-07
       words: 1853
      flesch: 42
     summary: For a more targeted COVID-19 therapy, one promising treatment is to supply exogenous ACE2 by administering human recombinant soluble ACE2 (hrsACE2) which inhibited SARS-CoV-2 infections in engineered human blood vessel organoids [24] . Recombinant human soluble ACE2 was safe in a pilot clinical trial in ARDS [25] and is entering clinical trial for COVID-19.
    keywords: ace2; angiotensin; covid-19; sars; stroke
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        item: #4263 of 5187
          id: cord-337105-jlmh79qv
      author: Jacob, Fadi
       title: Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Neural Cells and Brain Organoids Reveal SARS-CoV-2 Neurotropism Predominates in Choroid Plexus Epithelium
        date: 2020-09-21
       words: 9967
      flesch: 41
     summary: To investigate the susceptibility of human brain cells to SARS-CoV-2 infection, we tested various hiPSC-derived neural cells in monolayer cultures and region-specific brain organoids generated using several established (Qian et al., 2018; Qian et al., 2016) and modified protocols (Sakaguchi et al., 2015) ( Figure 1A ). While SARS-CoV-2, the causal pathogen of COVID-19, has been detected in some patient brains, its ability to infect brain cells and impact their function are not well understood.
    keywords: astrocytes; brain; cells; choroid; cov-2; covid-19; cpos; csf; et al; expression; figure; genes; hipsc; hpi; human; infection; neurons; organoids; plexus; sars; tissue; âµl; âºc
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        item: #4264 of 5187
          id: cord-337127-pc9hez28
      author: García-Salido, Alberto
       title: Innate cell response in severe SARS-CoV-2 infection in children: expression analysis of CD64, CD18 and CD11a
        date: 2020-09-30
       words: 991
      flesch: 46
     summary: Our group carried out CD64 expression studies in acute bronchiolitis and severe viral and bacterial infections 5 . Also, we compare them with a healthy control, a case of severe influenza infection and a case of Neisseria meningitidis sepsis.
    keywords: cd64; infection; sars
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        item: #4265 of 5187
          id: cord-337137-0ey40gzw
      author: Lo, Anthony WI
       title: How the SARS coronavirus causes disease: host or organism?
        date: 2005-12-17
       words: 5203
      flesch: 40
     summary: CD209L (L-SIGN) is a receptor for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus LSECtin interacts with filovirus glycoproteins and the spike protein of SARS coronavirus DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR interact with the glycoprotein of Marburg virus and the S protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Chemokine upregulation in SARS coronavirus infected human monocyte derived dendritic cells DC-SIGN: escape mechanism for pathogens Molecular epidemiology of SARS -from Amoy Gardens to Taiwan Molecular evolution of the SARS coronavirus during the course of the SARS epidemic in China The Genome sequence of the SARSassociated coronavirus Characterization of a novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome A novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus protein, U274, is transported to the cell surface and undergoes endocytosis Characterization of a unique group-specific protein (U122) of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Specific epitopes of the structural and hypothetical proteins elicit variable humoral responses in SARS patients The 3a protein of severe acute respiratory syndromeassociated coronavirus induces apoptosis in Vero E6 cells The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 3a is a novel structural protein Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 3a protein is a viral structural protein Identification of a novel protein 3a from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 3a protein up-regulates expression of fibrinogen in lung epithelial cells Overexpression of 7a, a protein specifically encoded by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, induces apoptosis via a caspase-dependent pathway The pulmonary physician in critical care * Here, we review the pathology of SARS infection.
    keywords: acute; cells; coronavirus; cov; disease; infection; lung; patients; proteins; sars; syndrome
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        item: #4266 of 5187
          id: cord-337179-qytruuif
      author: Guazzi, Marco
       title: The Dilemma of Renin Angiotensin System Blockers in Coronavirus Disease (Covid‐19): Insights on the Lung Fluid Handling and Gas Exchange in Heart Failure Patients
        date: 2020-05-21
       words: 1890
      flesch: 30
     summary: 14 SARS-CoV-2 utilizes lung ACE2 as an essential receptor for cell entry and host cellular proteases into the alveolar Type II cells. 27 A main question, however, is whether the SARS-CoV-2 ability to neutralize ACE2 activity could be so powerful to neutralize the additive protection of ACE2 overexpression, definitively leading to an untoward negative cascade of lung fluid compartimentalization, ventilation/perfusion mismatch and impaired gas exchange.
    keywords: ace2; angiotensin; fluid; gas; lung; sars
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        item: #4267 of 5187
          id: cord-337198-4sors3bg
      author: Clementi, Nicola
       title: Combined Prophylactic and Therapeutic Use Maximizes Hydroxychloroquine Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Effects in vitro
        date: 2020-07-10
       words: 4273
      flesch: 46
     summary: For secondary (P2) virus stock, Vero E6 cells seeded into 25 cm 2 tissue culture flasks were infected with 0.5 mL of P1 stored aliquot, and infected cells and supernatant were collected 48 hpi and stored at −80 • C. For tertiary (P3) virus stock, Vero E6 cells seeded into 75 cm 2 tissue culture flasks were infected with 1.5 mL of P2 stored aliquot and prepared as above described. A clinical isolate hCoV-19/Italy/UniSR1/2020 (GISAID accession ID: EPI_ISL_413489) was isolated and propagated in Vero E6 cells, and viral titer was determined by 50% tissue culture infective dose (TCID 50 ) and plaque assay for confirming the obtained titer.
    keywords: adsorption; cells; cpe; hcq; infection; pcr; sars; virus
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        item: #4268 of 5187
          id: cord-337200-2qwty2jp
      author: Kempfle, J. S.
       title: Management von Patienten mit Tracheostoma während der COVID-19-Pandemie: Literaturüberblick und Demonstration
        date: 2020-06-08
       words: 3565
      flesch: 44
     summary: Kernpunkt der Ergebnisse ist sicherlich, dass der Kanülenwechsel bei wachen Patienten von den ausgewählten Szenarien der am höchsten risikobehaf-tete ist und nur Verwandten nicht hauptsächlich in den unteren Atemwegen und der Lunge repliziert wird, sondern zunächst vor allem von der Schleimhaut der oberen Atemwege [40] .
    keywords: als; auch; aus; bei; cov-2; covid-19; das; dass; der; des; die; eine; für; ist; mit; nach; oder; patienten; patients; respiratory; sars; tracheostomy; tröpfchen; tube; und; von; werden; zur; über
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        item: #4269 of 5187
          id: cord-337208-6rs1sgx1
      author: Wang, Jingbo
       title: Enlightenments of Asymptomatic Cases of SARS-CoV-2 Infection
        date: 2020-06-30
       words: 1534
      flesch: 55
     summary: [1] Cases of asymptomatic infection have been reported, which should be given sufficient attention, and the infected persons should be strictly managed, otherwise they may pose a serious threat to public health and bring great difficulties to epidemic control. The two cases of asymptomatic infection were both found and confirmed with SARS-CoV-2 infection when the CDC in Shenyang screened at-risk individuals with a history of exposure in Wuhan.
    keywords: case; infection; sars
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        item: #4270 of 5187
          id: cord-337220-yv7qdvzi
      author: Demeke, Addis
       title: Biosensor and molecular-based methods for the detection of human coronaviruses: A review
        date: 2020-09-08
       words: 2220
      flesch: 5
     summary: The rise of graphene Label-free graphene biosensor targeting cancer molecules based on non-covalent 733 modification Field-736 effect transistor biosensor for rapid detection of Ebola antigen Localized surface plasmon coupled fluorescence fiber-optic biosensor with gold nanoparticles Sensitive Detection of Dengue Virus Type 2 E-Proteins Signals 744 Using Self-Assembled Monolayers/Reduced Graphene Oxide-PAMAM Dendrimer Thin Film-745 SPR Optical Sensor An alternative medical diagnosis method: 748 Biosensors for virus detection A multi-virus detectable microfluidic 751 electrochemical immunosensor for simultaneous detection of H1N1, H5N1, and H7N9 virus 752 using ZnO nanorods for sensitivity enhancement Label-free detection of influenza viruses using a reduced 755 graphene oxide-based electrochemical immunosensor integrated with a microfluidic platform A highly sensitive electrochemical immunosensor for 759 hepatitis B virus surface antigen detection based on Hemin/G-quadruplex horseradish 760 peroxidase-mimicking DNAzyme-signal amplification A sensitive electrochemical immunosensor for label-free detection of Zika-virus protein Development of a portable 767 and disposable NS1 based electrochemical immunosensor for early diagnosis of dengue virus, 768 Anal Chim An electrochemical immunosensor for the corona virus associated 771 with the Middle East respiratory syndrome using an array of gold nanoparticle-modified carbon 772 electrodes Paper-based microfluidic point-of-care diagnostic 775 devices Recent developments in paper-778 based microfluidic devices Electrochemistry on paper-based analytical devices: a review Sensing approaches on paper-based devices: a review Recent advances in paper-based sensors The challenge of emerging and re-emerging 791 infectious diseases Emerging infectious diseases: threats to human health and 794 global stability Emerging viral diseases Bushmeat and emerging 800 infectious diseases: lessons from Africa, Problematic Wildlife Introduction to Foodborne Pathogens One Health, emerging infectious diseases 807 and wildlife: two decades of progress? Infectious disease management through point-of-care 810 personalized medicine molecular diagnostic technologies Development of rapid, automated diagnostics for infectious disease: 814 advances and challenges Rapid infectious diseases diagnostics using Smartphones Emerging infectious diseases: public 820 health issues for the 21st century Methods for reducing biosensor membrane biofouling Kinetic screening of antibodies from crude 826 hybridoma samples using Biacore 452 Evaluation of Nucleocapsid and Spike Protein-based ELISAs for detecting antibodies against 453 SARS-CoV-2 Stability issues of RT-PCR 456 testing of SARS-CoV-2 for hospitalized patients clinically diagnosed with COVID-19 Real-time RT-PCR in COVID-19 detection: issues affecting 460 the results Early diagnosis of SARS coronavirus infection by real time RT-PCR Multiple-centre clinical evaluation of an ultrafast single-tube 469 assay for SARS-CoV-2 RNA Rapid and visual detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) by a reverse transcription 473 loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay Rapid and sensitive detection of COVID-19 using CRISPR/Cas12a-based detection with naked 477 eye readout, CRISPR/Cas12a-NER CRISPR-Cas12-based detection of 482 SARS-CoV-2 Antibody responses to SARS-490 CoV-2 in patients with COVID-19 A serological assay to detect SARS-CoV-2 497 seroconversion in humans 500 Characterization of spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 on virus entry and its immune cross-501 reactivity with SARS-CoV Potent neutralizing antibodies in the sera of convalescent 505 COVID-19 patients are directed against conserved linear epitopes on the SARS-CoV-2 spike 506 protein 509 Treatment of 5 critically ill patients with COVID-19 with convalescent plasma Detection of SARS-CoV-2-Specific Humoral and Cellular Immunity in COVID-19 Convalescent Individuals Potential rapid diagnostics, vaccine and therapeutics for 519 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV): a systematic review Performance of radiologists in differentiating COVID-19 from viral pneumonia on 523 chest CT CT features of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) 526 pneumonia in 62 patients in Wuhan, China Development and clinical application of a rapid IgM-IgG combined antibody test for SARS-575 CoV-2 infection diagnosis Correlation of 578 chest CT and RT-PCR testing in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China: a report of 579 1014 cases Biosensors and bio-based methods for the separation and detection of 582 foodborne pathogens One day to one hour: how quickly can foodborne pathogens be detected?
    keywords: biosensor; cov-2; covid-19; detection; disease; sars; virus
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        item: #4271 of 5187
          id: cord-337297-fkw8780t
      author: Fan, Siyuan
       title: Neurological Manifestations in Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19: A Retrospective Study
        date: 2020-07-10
       words: 4703
      flesch: 36
     summary: Similarly, in a previous report of COVID-19 patients with ischemic stroke, all six stroke patients had large-vessel occlusion and three of them had multiterritory infarcts (21) . Furthermore, compared with patients without a cerebrovascular event, a significantly higher prevalence of antiphospholipid antibodies was observed in stroke patients.
    keywords: case; complications; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; ischemic; patients; sars; stroke; study
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        item: #4272 of 5187
          id: cord-337302-fpz2jfuj
      author: Abdihamid, Omar
       title: The Landscape of COVID-19 in Cancer Patients: Prevalence, Impacts, and Recommendations
        date: 2020-09-23
       words: 5970
      flesch: 43
     summary: The infection rate of SARS-CoV-2 in cancer patients in China was 0.79% (12 of 1524 patients; 95% CI, 0.31.2%). The case fatality rate of COVID-19 in the overall population ranges from 2.3 to 8.0%; among these, the case fatality rate for cancer patients is at 5.6%.
    keywords: cancer; care; china; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; pandemic; patients; risk; sars; study; treatment
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        item: #4273 of 5187
          id: cord-337304-2ad2m317
      author: Chang, Le
       title: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 RNA Detected in Blood Donations
        date: 2020-07-17
       words: 1297
      flesch: 54
     summary: We found SARS-CoV-2 RNA in plasma during routine screening of blood donors, considered a healthy population. key: cord-337304-2ad2m317 authors: Chang, Le; Zhao, Lei; Gong, Huafei; Wang, Lunan; Wang, Lan title: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 RNA Detected in Blood Donations date: 2020-07-17 journal:
    keywords: blood; donors; rna
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        item: #4274 of 5187
          id: cord-337324-jxtch47t
      author: Qian, Guo-Qing
       title: Epidemiologic and Clinical Characteristics of 91 Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 in Zhejiang, China: A retrospective, multi-centre case series
        date: 2020-02-25
       words: 3337
      flesch: 55
     summary: In this sample 40 (43.96%) patients had contracted the diseases from local cases, 31 (34.07%) patients had been to Wuhan/Hubei, 8 (8.79%) cases had contacted with people from Wuhan, 11 (12.09%) cases were confirmed aircraft transmission. Local cases are defined as follows: 8 patients had within the past two weeks had contact with personnel who had been in Wuhan/Hubei, these are the first generation of local cases (G1).
    keywords: cases; clinical; covid-19; license; patients; preprint; wuhan
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        item: #4275 of 5187
          id: cord-337339-0vkigjv2
      author: Osterrieder, Nikolaus
       title: Age-Dependent Progression of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Syrian Hamsters
        date: 2020-07-20
       words: 4355
      flesch: 39
     summary: Histopathology revealed clear age-dependent differences, with young hamsters launching earlier and stronger immune cell influx than aged hamsters. Association between age and clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 Coronavirus Infections-More Than Just the Common Cold SARS and MERS: recent insights into emerging coronaviruses A Genomic Perspective on the Origin and Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 in older adults: what we may expect regarding pathogenesis, immune responses, and outcomes Clinical features of COVID-19 in elderly patients: A comparison with young and middle-aged patients Estimating excess 1-year mortality associated with the COVID-19 pandemic according to underlying conditions and age: a population-based cohort study The search for a COVID-19 animal model Animal models for emerging coronavirus: progress and new insights SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor Receptor Recognition by the Novel Coronavirus from Wuhan: an Analysis Based on Decade-Long Structural Studies of SARS Coronavirus ACE2-Variants Indicate Potential SARS-CoV-2-Susceptibility in Animals: An Extensive Molecular Dynamics Study Respiratory disease in rhesus macaques inoculated with SARS-CoV-2 Comparative pathogenesis of COVID-19, MERS, and SARS in a nonhuman primate model Ocular conjunctival inoculation of SARS-CoV-2 can cause mild COVID-19 in 2 Rhesus macaque Age-related rhesus macaque models of COVID-19 A mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 model for the evaluation of COVID-19 medical countermeasures Rapid adaptation of SARS-CoV-2 in BALB/c mice: Novel mouse model for vaccine efficacy The pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 in hACE2 transgenic mice The battle against SARS and MERS coronaviruses: Reservoirs and Animal Models Animal models for SARS and MERS coronaviruses Infection and Rapid Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Ferrets Is there an ideal animal model for SARS? Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection of golden Syrian hamsters Pathogenesis and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in golden hamsters Simulation of the clinical and pathological manifestations of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in golden Syrian hamster model: implications for disease pathogenesis and transmissibility Rapid reconstruction of SARS-CoV-2 using a synthetic genomics platform Virological assessment of hospitalized patients with COVID-2019 Effects of a mixture of medetomidine, midazolam and butorphanol on anesthesia and blood biochemistry and the antagonizing action of atipamezole in hamsters Spectrum of pathogen-and model-specific histopathologies in mouse models of acute pneumonia The Family of Chloride Channel Regulator, Calcium-activated Proteins in the Feline Respiratory Tract: A Comparative Perspective on Airway Diseases in Man and Animal Models Pulmonary immunostimulation with MALP-2 in influenza virus-infected mice increases survival after pneumococcal superinfection IL-37 Causes Excessive Inflammation and Tissue Damage in Murine Pneumococcal Pneumonia Detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real-time RT-PCR Validation of assays to monitor immune responses in the Syrian golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) Tropism, replication competence, and innate immune responses of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 in human respiratory tract and conjunctiva: an analysis in ex-vivo and in-vitro cultures Syrian hamsters as a small animal model for SARS-CoV-2 infection and countermeasure development This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license The authors acknowledge the excellent technical assistance by Ann Reum, Annett Neubert, and Simon Dökel.
    keywords: age; animals; cells; cov-2; dpi; germany; hamsters; infection; lung; rna; sars; young
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        item: #4276 of 5187
          id: cord-337372-y43prnko
      author: bin‐Reza, Faisal
       title: The use of masks and respirators to prevent transmission of influenza: a systematic review of the scientific evidence
        date: 2011-12-21
       words: 4043
      flesch: 36
     summary: 18 None of the studies we reviewed established a conclusive relationship between mask ⁄ respirator use and protection against influenza infection. Firstly, development of evidence-based guidance about mask ⁄ respirator use is inextricably linked to what is known about how influenza is spread and specific risk factors that can affect transmissibility (e.g. host factors, pathogen factors, environmental factors and particle size).
    keywords: influenza; masks; respirators; sars; studies; transmission; use
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        item: #4277 of 5187
          id: cord-337396-g69bb60d
      author: Ogawa, Yoshihiko
       title: Assessing the effects of exposure to a SARS-CoV-2 re-positive patient in healthcare personnel
        date: 2020-11-07
       words: 1789
      flesch: 48
     summary: In conclusion, no HCP were infected by contact with and aerosol exposures to SARS-CoV-2 re-positive patients in our hospital. Thus, the hypothesis that a patient with re-positive PCR is not infectious is plausible.
    keywords: covid-19; hcp; pcr; results; sars
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        item: #4278 of 5187
          id: cord-337421-4v48kkus
      author: Ribeiro, Servio Pontes
       title: Severe airport sanitarian control could slow down the spreading of COVID-19 pandemics in Brazil
        date: 2020-03-27
       words: 3489
      flesch: 50
     summary: The copyright holder for this preprint this version posted March 27, 2020. than Brazil, India, in turn, has a similar sized airport network to Brazil Nevertheless, the situation of COVID-19 in India is currently much milder than in Besides the within-city pattern of virus spreading, one must take into account the 205 pattern of dispersion between cities after the virus has invaded. In the SIR original 98 model, the infection of susceptible cities occurs by probability β of a healthy being (S) 99 encounters an infected one (I).
    keywords: airport; brazil; cities; model; network; preprint
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        item: #4279 of 5187
          id: cord-337430-c2vdnml7
      author: Timpka, Toomas
       title: Sports Health During the SARS-Cov-2 Pandemic
        date: 2020-05-02
       words: 2266
      flesch: 43
     summary: It is predominantly people greater than 70 years of age and individuals with chronic conditions who are at risk of developing severe Covid-19 disease [11] . mBio The antiviral compound remdesivir potently inhibits RNA-dependent RNA polymerase from Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Breakthrough: chloroquine phosphate has shown apparent efficacy in treatment of COVID-19 associated pneumonia in clinical studies Systematic review of COVID-19 in children shows milder cases and a better prognosis than adults Population-based simulations of influenza pandemics: validity and significance for public health policy Use of rapid online surveys to assess people's perceptions during infectious disease outbreaks: a cross-sectional survey on COVID-19 Requirements and design of the PROSPER protocol for implementation of information infrastructures supporting pandemic response: a Nominal Group study Monitoring the COVID-19 epidemic in the context of widespread local transmission Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) advice for the public.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; disease; health; pandemic; sars; sports
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        item: #4280 of 5187
          id: cord-337436-3xzgv370
      author: Khider, Lina
       title: Curative anticoagulation prevents endothelial lesion in COVID‐19 patients
        date: 2020-06-18
       words: 1778
      flesch: 38
     summary: Coagulopathy was also found in fatal cases of COVID-19 patients, including a significant higher 23 proportion of patients with D-dimers above 500 ng/mL and prolonged prothrombin time (PT) in 24 non-survivors (7). The hypothesis of microthrombi in kidney was 26 also suggested in COVID-19 patients since high creatinine level was correlated with D-dimers 27 above 500 ng/mL (9) .
    keywords: cecs; covid-19; patients; sars; study
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        item: #4281 of 5187
          id: cord-337444-pqoq8aew
      author: Doi, Kent
       title: Nafamostat mesylate treatment in combination with favipiravir for patients critically ill with Covid-19: a case series
        date: 2020-07-03
       words: 990
      flesch: 37
     summary: This is the first report on nafamostat mesylate treatment in combination with favipiravir against Covid-19. key: cord-337444-pqoq8aew authors: Doi, Kent; Ikeda, Mahoko; Hayase, Naoki; Moriya, Kyoji; Morimura, Naoto title: Nafamostat mesylate treatment in combination with favipiravir for patients critically ill with Covid-19: a case series date: 2020-07-03 journal: Crit Care DOI: 10.1186/s13054-020-03078-z sha: doc_id: 337444 cord_uid: pqoq8aew nan Development of specific therapy against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is urgently required.
    keywords: mesylate; nafamostat; treatment
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        item: #4282 of 5187
          id: cord-337462-9mvk86q6
      author: None
       title: Humanity tested
        date: 2020-04-08
       words: 1263
      flesch: 41
     summary: Medical-device companies and government and research laboratories around the world have rushed to adapt and scale up nucleic acid tests (mostly employing PCR, but also CRISPR-based detection and loop-mediated isothermal amplification) to detect the virus' RNA, and government agencies are scrambling to assess them via emergency routes (such as the Emergency Use Authorization program 3 by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA)). The world should roll out both antibody and nucleic acid tests on a wide scale.
    keywords: covid-19; test; testing; world
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        item: #4283 of 5187
          id: cord-337485-nqcnd9py
      author: Buetti, Niccolò
       title: SARS-CoV-2 detection in the lower respiratory tract of invasively ventilated ARDS patients
        date: 2020-10-16
       words: 2149
      flesch: 45
     summary: 1186/s13054-020-03323-5. Additional file 1. Assessment of deaths from COVID-19 and from seasonal influenza Viral load dynamics and disease severity in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Zhejiang province, China Quantitative detection and viral load analysis of SARS-CoV-2 in infected patients Comparisons of viral shedding time of SARS-CoV-2 of different samples in ICU and non-ICU patients Virological assessment of hospitalized patients with COVID-2019 SARS-CoV-2 viral load in clinical samples from critically ill patients SARS-CoV-2 viral load predicts COVID-19 mortality Guidance for discharge and ending isolation in the context of widespread community transmission of COVID-19 Clinical and virological data of the first cases of COVID-19 in Europe: a case series Viral load of SARS-CoV-2 in clinical samples Diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for prolonged SARS-CoV-2 viral shedding in lower respiratory tract samples of critically ill patients Risk factors for viral RNA shedding in COVID-19 patients Factors associated with prolonged viral RNA shedding in patients with COVID-19 Profile of RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2: a preliminary study from 56 COVID-19 patients Factors associated with duration of viral shedding in adults with COVID-19 outside of Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies COVID-19 illness in native and immunosuppressed states: a clinical-therapeutic staging proposal Tocilizumab for the treatment of severe COVID-19 pneumonia with hyperinflammatory syndrome and acute respiratory failure: a single center study of 100 patients in Factors associated with prolonged viral shedding and impact of lopinavir/ritonavir treatment in hospitalised non-critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection Publisher's Note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations Several authors suggested that viral shedding and severity of disease might be correlated [2] , but they mostly focused on viral presence in upper respiratory secretions [3, 4] .
    keywords: covid-19; load; lrt; patients; sars; shedding
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        item: #4284 of 5187
          id: cord-337491-ztco6guw
      author: Kucharski, Adam J
       title: Using serological data to understand unobserved SARS-CoV-2 risk in health-care settings
        date: 2020-08-03
       words: 933
      flesch: 33
     summary: Transmission characteristics of MERS and SARS in the healthcare setting: a comparative study Screening of healthcare workers for SARS-CoV-2 highlights the role of asymptomatic carriage in COVID-19 transmission Risk of COVID-19 in health-care workers in Denmark: an observational cohort study SARS-CoV-2 exposure, symptoms and seroprevalence in health care workers Antibody testing for COVID-19: a report from the National COVID Scientific Advisory Panel Report into a nosocomial outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) at Netcare St. Augustine's Hospital Real-time tracking of self-reported symptoms to predict potential COVID-19 Targets of T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus in humans with COVID-19 disease and unexposed individuals Clinical and immunological assessment of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections Coronavirus protective immunity is short-lasting Serological surveillance can help investigate the dynamics of infections that often go unobserved in the early stages of epidemics or when a large fraction of cases is asymptomatic or with mild symptoms.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; sars
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        item: #4285 of 5187
          id: cord-337511-20yaol5r
      author: Ryan, Paul MacDaragh
       title: COVID-19 and relative angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 deficiency: role in disease severity and therapeutic response
        date: 2020-06-11
       words: 3250
      flesch: 26
     summary: theoretICAl ImplICAtIonS of ACe2-expreSSIng Cell deStruCtIon by SArS-CoV-2 In CArdIoVASCulAr SyStem And other orgAnS Given that SARS-CoV-2 specifically targets ACE2 receptor and based on SARS-CoV homology and previous SARS-CoV pathology studies, it is reasonable to expect that during viremia host cells and tissues that express ACE2 in the major organs such as lungs, heart, vascular system and kidneys will be susceptible to viral infection. Previous studies with SARS-CoV and more recently SARS-CoV-2 studies 42 showed that soluble ACE2 protein actually inhibits SARS-CoV-2 viral spike RBD binding to membrane ACE2 receptor.
    keywords: ace2; angii; angiotensin; cell; cov-2; covid-19; patients; ras; sars
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        item: #4286 of 5187
          id: cord-337557-ct43uoir
      author: Guetl, Katharina
       title: SARS-CoV-2 positive virus culture 7 weeks after onset of COVID-19 in an immunocompromised patient suffering from X chromosome-linked agammaglobulinemia
        date: 2020-10-27
       words: 856
      flesch: 35
     summary: Symptom-Based Strategy to Discontinue Isolation for Persons with COVID-19 Guidance for discharge and ending isolation in the context of widespread community transmission of COVID-19 -first update Shedding of infectious virus in hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): duration and key determinants CoV-2 shedding and mild course of COVID-19 in a patient after recent heart transplantation Virological assessment of hospitalized patients with COVID-2019 Presymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infections and Transmission in a Skilled Nursing Facility X-Linked Agammaglobulinaemia: Lesson from patients with Agammaglobulinemia None to declare.
    keywords: covid-19; patient; sars
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        item: #4287 of 5187
          id: cord-337572-kx5hihnr
      author: Ludwig, Stephan
       title: Coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2: A Brief Overview
        date: 2020-04-20
       words: 2672
      flesch: 48
     summary: E Characteristics of and important lessons from the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72 314 cases from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Available at: https:// talk.ictvonline.org/taxonomy Severe acute respiratory syndrome: identification of the etiological agent Coronavirus diversity, phylogeny and interspecies jumping Coronaviruses: an overview of their replication and pathogenesis Structural insights into coronavirus entry ACE2 receptor expression and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection depend on differentiation of human airway epithelia Rates of evolutionary change in viruses: patterns and determinants RNA recombination in animal and plant viruses Cultivation of the virus of infectious bronchitis Animal coronaviruses: what can they teach us about the severe acute respiratory syndrome? Ecology, evolution and classification of bat coronaviruses in the aftermath of SARS A new virus isolated from the human respiratory tract Recovery in tracheal organ cultures of novel viruses from patients with respiratory disease Coronaviruses as the cause of respiratory infections Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Hosts and sources of endemic human coronaviruses Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia MERS coronavirus: diagnostics, epidemiology and transmission China Novel Coronavirus Investigating and Research Team. Identification of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Canada Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Clinical characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China Management of critically ill adults with COVID-19 A trial of lopinavir-ritonavir in adults hospitalized with severe COVID-19 Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: results of an open-label non-randomized clinical trial The antiviral compound remdesivir potently inhibits RNAdependent RNA polymerase from Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Prophylactic and therapeutic remdesivir (GS-5734) treatment in the rhesus macaque model of MERS-CoV infection Washington State 2019-nCoV Case Investigation Team.
    keywords: china; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; covid-19; novel; sars
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        item: #4288 of 5187
          id: cord-337595-0p5f5o5v
      author: Tagliamento, Marco
       title: Call for ensuring cancer care continuity during COVID-19 pandemic
        date: 2020-05-07
       words: 875
      flesch: 37
     summary: By reporting consecutive cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection among patients with cancer treated at our centre, we aim to call for the need for adequate and dedicated facilities to manage cancer care after infection with SARS-CoV-2. Widespread testing for SARS-CoV-2 among patients with cancer and their healthcare providers could also help to control the potential negative consequences of this outbreak on cancer care.
    keywords: cancer; covid-19; patients
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        item: #4289 of 5187
          id: cord-337599-dyxfsojh
      author: Ahamad, Shakir
       title: Primed for Global Coronavirus Pandemic: Emerging Research and Clinical Outcome
        date: 2020-09-19
       words: 1996
      flesch: 18
     summary: Genentech Announces FDA Approval of Clinical Trial for Actemra to Treat 1093 Hospitalized Patients with Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia Effective treatment of severe COVID-19 patients with 1098 tocilizumab Meplazumab treats COVID-19 pneumonia: an open-labelled, concurrent controlled 1108 add-on clinical trial First Clinical Use of Lenzilumab to Neutralize GM-CSF in 1113 Patients with Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia A Novel Protein Drug, Novaferon, 1118 as the Potential Antiviral Drug for COVID-19 aTyr Pharma Announces Phase 2 Study of ATYR1923 in COVID-19 Patients with 1121 Severe Respiratory Complications Following FDA Acceptance of IND Application aTyr-Pharma-Announces-Phase-2-Study-of-1124 ATYR1923-in-COVID-19-Patients-with-Severe-Respiratory-Complications Following-FDA-Acceptance-of-IND-Application.html Demand for dexamethasone surges as RECOVERY trial 1037 publishes preprint World first coronavirus treatment approved for NHS use by government Coronavirus | Government approves use of dexamethasone BerGenBio starts bemcentinib dosing in ACCORD Trial Major COVID-19 drugs trial begins in Namilumab and Infliximab selected for CATALYST trial in UK Vidofludimus calcium, a next 1055 generation DHODH inhibitor for the Treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple 1056 sclerosis Receives First Regulatory Approval from German Health Authority 1059 BfArM to Initiate a Phase 2 Clinical Trial of its Selective Oral DHODH Inhibitor german-health-authority-bfarm-to-initiate-a-phase-2-clinical-trial-of-its-selective-oral-1063 dhodh-inhibitor-imu-838-in-covid-19-patients Germany's BfArM approves Covid-19 trial by Immunic Announces First Patients Dosed in its Phase 2, CALVID-1 Clinical 1068 Trial of IMU-838 in COVID-19 Austrian CoronaVirus Adaptive Clinical Trial (COVID-19) (ACOVACT)
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; drug; patients; sars; treatment; trial
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        item: #4290 of 5187
          id: cord-337602-5evfkk70
      author: Focosi, Daniele
       title: Anti‐A Isohemagglutinin titers and SARS‐CoV2 neutralization: implications for children and convalescent plasma selection
        date: 2020-06-09
       words: 1166
      flesch: 30
     summary: Br J Haematol DOI: 10.1111/bjh.16932 sha: doc_id: 337602 cord_uid: 5evfkk70 I read with interest the recent article by Li et al (1) detailing the risk for COVID‐19 pneumonia and ABO blood group. Most importantly, the Italian-Spanish genome-wide association study identified the rs657152 polymorphism in the ABO locus on chromosome 9q34 (and only another polymorphism in chromosome 3p21.31) as the only susceptibility locus for respiratory failure in COVID-19 (6) , suggesting that, in addition to disease acquisition, ABO blood group could also affect disease severity.
    keywords: abo; blood; group; sars
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        item: #4291 of 5187
          id: cord-337636-3yc0ribg
      author: Morehouse, Zachary P.
       title: A novel two-step, direct-to-PCR method for virus detection off swabs using human coronavirus 229E
        date: 2020-08-25
       words: 2981
      flesch: 43
     summary: Herein, we are proposing a novel method for viral pathogen detection off swabs as an improvement or alternative to the current PCR based assays commonly used for viral detection This novel two-step, directto-PCR method for viral detection off swabs has shown a lower limit of reliable detection at 1.2 × 10 3 viral copies/mL with 96.30% sensitivity in vitro when screening for HcoV-229E. Herein, we have demonstrated the success of this methodology in vitro and propose it as a novel approach to viral detection that allows for decrease run time in comparison to traditional PCR based viral detection assay protocols, as well as a reduction in the materials needed for successful viral detection.
    keywords: copies; detection; methodology; pcr; swabs; virus
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        item: #4292 of 5187
          id: cord-337646-gkcm6ds0
      author: None
       title: The Federation’s Pages: WFPHA: World Federation of Public Health Associations www.wfpha.org Bettina Borisch and Marta Lomazzi, Federation’s Pages Editors
        date: 2020-09-17
       words: 2533
      flesch: 40
     summary: Diverging views on whether to prioritize human health or the economy resulted in debate, social media storms, pushback, political division, and considerable variation in intra-national enthusiasm to implement full lockdown. Environment preservation is urgent for many reasons: conservation of biodiversity, the fight against climate change, reduction of air, water and food pollution, and improvement of human health and quality of life [18] .
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; food; health; pandemic; transmission; water; world
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        item: #4293 of 5187
          id: cord-337663-ow1l18li
      author: Qu, Liang G.
       title: Scoping review: hotspots for COVID-19 urological research: what is being published and from where?
        date: 2020-09-09
       words: 4705
      flesch: 42
     summary: On multivariable regression, greater experience level (OR = 1.76, 95% CI 1.01-3.13) and a need to manage COVID-19 patients in the urology department (OR = 2.31, 95% CI 1.20-4.65) adversely affected the quality of their work. Ultrastructural evidence for direct renal infection with SARS-CoV-2 SARS-CoV-2 can be detected in urine, blood, anal swabs, and oropharyngeal swabs specimens No evidence of SARS-CoV-2 in semen of males recovering from COVID-19 Absence of 2019 novel coronavirus in semen and testes of COVID-19 patients No SARS-CoV-2 in expressed prostatic secretion of patients with coronavirus disease 2019: a descriptive multicentre study in China Genetic alteration, RNA expression, and DNA methylation profiling of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) receptor ACE2 in malignancies: a pan-cancer analysis ACE2 correlated with immune infiltration serves as a prognostic biomarker in endometrial carcinoma and renal papillary cell carcinoma: implication for COVID-19 Expression of ACE2, the SARS-CoV-2 receptor, and TMPRSS2 in prostate epithelial cells 2020) scRNA-seq profiling of human testes reveals the presence of the ACE2 receptor, a target for SARS-CoV-2 infection in spermatogonia The ACE2 expression in Sertoli cells and Germ cells may cause male reproductive disorder after SARS-CoV-2 Infection Multiple expression assessments of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 SARS-CoV-2 entry molecules in the urinary tract and their associations with clinical manifestations of Suppression of androgen receptor (AR)-ACE2/ TMPRSS2 axis by AR antagonists may be therapeutically beneficial for male COVID patients Effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection upon male gonadal function: a single center-based study The majority of male patients with COVID-19 present low testosterone levels on admission to Intensive Care in Hamburg, Germany: a retrospective cohort study Androgen-deprivation therapies for prostate cancer and risk of infection by SARS-CoV-2: a population-based study (n = 4532)
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; pandemic; patients; research; sars; studies; study; urology
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        item: #4294 of 5187
          id: cord-337673-1nau263l
      author: Wu, Chang-Jer
       title: Antiviral applications of RNAi for coronavirus
        date: 2006-01-24
       words: 4333
      flesch: 45
     summary: The final structural protein, N protein, with a molecular mass of 50 -60 kDa, probably associates with viral RNA to form a long and flexible helical nucleocapsid These plasmids were also able to block viral replication, as shown by both the titre and levels of viral RNA and protein.
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; cov; expression; gene; protein; rna; rnai; sars; sirna; virus
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        item: #4295 of 5187
          id: cord-337674-mb6ue2hl
      author: Voulgaris, Athanasios
       title: Sleep medicine and COVID-19. Has a new era begun?
        date: 2020-07-17
       words: 4545
      flesch: 39
     summary: Telemedicine in the diagnosis and treatment of sleep apnoea Adherence to Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Therapy COVID-19: community CPAP and NIV should be stopped unless medically necessary to support life Coronavirus FAQs: CPAP tips for sleep apnea patients | AASM American Academy of Sleep Medicine -Association for Sleep Clinicians and Researchers 2020 Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on adherence to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) by obstructive sleep apnoea patients American Academy of Sleep Medicine -Association for Sleep Clinicians and Researchers n Table 1. Based on these reports, sleep laboratories urged to cancel or defer all scheduled in-laboratory and/or home sleep studies, as well as follow-up examinations of patients who have been previously receiving any form of sleep treatment
    keywords: air; covid-19; management; pandemic; pap; patients; sars; sdb; sleep; transmission; treatment
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        item: #4296 of 5187
          id: cord-337681-579cz2tc
      author: Sk, Md Fulbabu
       title: Elucidating biophysical basis of binding of inhibitors to SARS-CoV-2 main protease by using molecular dynamics simulations and free energy calculations
        date: 2020-06-01
       words: 5900
      flesch: 43
     summary: The system pressure was monitored using a Berendsen Barostat (Berendsen et al., 1984) and kept at 1.0 bar. Subsequently, a 50 ps MD simulation with a restraint force constant of 2.0 kcal mol À1 Ð À2 acting on all solute atoms at a constant pressure of 1.0 atm was conducted using Berendsen Barostat (Berendsen et al., 1984 ) at a fixed temperature of 300 K. After 1.0 ns of an equilibration phase, the production simulation was carried for 100 ns at the NPT ensemble.
    keywords: 3cl; binding; covid-19; energy; et al; figure; inhibitors; kcal; ketoamide; mol; pro; sars
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        item: #4297 of 5187
          id: cord-337692-b89ow1mf
      author: Petti, S.
       title: Ecologic association between influenza and COVID-19 mortality rates in European countries
        date: 2020-09-11
       words: 5125
      flesch: 34
     summary: Associations between demographic, health and healthcare determinants and 3-year average crude influenza mortality rate and crude COVID-19 mortality rate (log transformed), assessed through simple regression analyses (regression coefficients; 95% confidence intervals in brackets) Influenza mortality rate COVID-19 mortality rate [48] [49] [50] . We investigated the ecologic association between influenza mortality rates and COVID-19 mortality rates in the European context.
    keywords: countries; cov-2; covid-19; influenza; mortality; population; rates; sars
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        item: #4298 of 5187
          id: cord-337700-2n9tswr8
      author: Chilimuri, Sridhar
       title: Predictors of Mortality in Adults Admitted with COVID-19: Retrospective Cohort Study from New York City
        date: 2020-07-08
       words: 2356
      flesch: 47
     summary: Very limited data is available to determine risk factors and their association with outcomes in COVID-19 patients, to help hospitals and providers in triaging and managing these patients more efficiently. Microembolic disease appears to be a major contributor of death in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: admission; covid-19; disease; hospital; patients; study
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        item: #4299 of 5187
          id: cord-337712-ylqgraos
      author: Heinz, Franz X.
       title: Profile of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-10-30
       words: 6044
      flesch: 34
     summary: The newly made experiences with COVID-19 underpin our lack of a detailed understanding of pathogenesis of virus infections in general and will certainly provide a new impetus for research into this fascinating area of virus-host interactions. In 2002, the emergence of SARS-CoV-1 in China and its global spread caused a first coronavirus-related human health crisis of international concern [5] .
    keywords: ace2; cells; coronaviruses; cov-2; covid-19; human; immunity; infection; protein; receptor; responses; sars; vaccines; virus
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        item: #4300 of 5187
          id: cord-337753-olc00glo
      author: Franco, D.
       title: Early transmission dynamics, spread, and genomic characterization of SARS-CoV-2 in Panama.
        date: 2020-08-04
       words: 2741
      flesch: 45
     summary: For confirmed cases, contact tracing was performed by the National Epidemiology Department of the MoH, and cases and contacts were placed under quarantine. We estimated the basic reproductive number (R 0 ) using the time series of confirmed cases, an early R 0 with Likelihood-based estimation using a branching process: This estimation follows Poisson likelihood standards 18 .
    keywords: cases; cov-2; figure; license; medrxiv; preprint; sars
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        item: #4301 of 5187
          id: cord-337789-pabaoiqs
      author: Oprinca, George-Călin
       title: Postmortem examination of three SARS-CoV-2-positive autopsies including histopathologic and immunohistochemical analysis
        date: 2020-08-27
       words: 5012
      flesch: 43
     summary: The sectioned surface had small areas of a more intense reddish color between stretched areas of dark purple color. The gastric mucosa was hyperemic with small areas of diffuse hemorrhage.
    keywords: alveolar; areas; blood; case; cells; cov-2; death; lung; sars
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        item: #4302 of 5187
          id: cord-337799-mc1oqhf4
      author: Mak, Gannon CK
       title: Analytical sensitivity and clinical sensitivity of the three rapid antigen detection kits for detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus
        date: 2020-10-29
       words: 2330
      flesch: 54
     summary: Although RAD kits were less sensitive than RT-PCR, understanding the clinical characteristics of different RAD kits can guide us to obtain suitable specimens for testing. Clinical sensitivity of RAD kits ranged from 22.9% to 71.4% for detecting specimens from COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: kits; rad; specimens
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        item: #4303 of 5187
          id: cord-337809-bxvgr6qg
      author: Xiong, Yong
       title: Family cluster of three recovered cases of pneumonia due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection
        date: 2020-05-04
       words: 1742
      flesch: 48
     summary: Our observations suggest the importance of preventing family transmission and the efficacy of current integrated treatment for mild/moderate pneumonia in COVID-19 cases. Our observations suggest the importance of preventing family transmission and the efficacy of current integrated treatment for mild/ moderate pneumonia in COVID-19 cases.
    keywords: coronavirus; days; family; patients; transmission
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        item: #4304 of 5187
          id: cord-337812-arivkkj0
      author: Chu, Ling-Hon Matthew
       title: Rapid peptide-based screening on the substrate specificity of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus 3C-like protease by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry
        date: 2006-03-07
       words: 6887
      flesch: 43
     summary: For the synthesis of peptide substrates, we deliberately applied the novel cartridge replacement strategy, which was based on the flexibility on modifying the solid-phase peptide synthesis process, in which each amino acid cartridge can be filled with different contents of amino acids in defined ratios, to generate the desired combinations of mixed peptide substrates according to experimental needs. The sequence of peptide substrate used in this study was based on one of the SARS-CoV 3CL pro cleavage sites on the SARS-CoV BJ01 polyprotein pp1ab (residues 3232-3247) ( Table 1) .
    keywords: 3cl pro; acid; amino; cartridge; cleavage; cov 3cl; mass; peptide; peptide substrates; position; pro; sars
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        item: #4305 of 5187
          id: cord-337825-ujq9mxk7
      author: Chen, Bin
       title: Overview of lethal human coronaviruses
        date: 2020-06-10
       words: 13457
      flesch: 43
     summary: lung injury Retrospective comparison of convalescent plasma with continuing high-dose methylprednisolone treatment in SARS patients Aberrant pathogenic GM-CSF+ T cells and inflammatory CD14 +CD16+ monocytes in severe pulmonary syndrome patients of a new coronavirus Characterization of novel monoclonal antibodies against MERScoronavirus spike protein Discovery of hydrocarbon-stapled short α-helical peptides as promising Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) fusion inhibitors A systematic review of therapeutic agents for the treatment of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Identification of a broad-spectrum antiviral small molecule against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and Ebola, Hendra, and Nipah viruses by using a novel high-throughput screening assay Current treatment options and the role of peptides as potential therapeutic components for Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS): a review Cell therapy in acute respiratory distress syndrome Challenges and responses in human vaccine development Receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV spike protein induces highly potent neutralizing antibodies: implication for developing subunit vaccine Expression of B subunit of E. coli heat-labile enterotoxin in the progenies of transgenic tobacco bred by crossing nuclear-and chloroplast-transgenic lines Immunogenicity of an adenoviral-based Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus vaccine in BALB/c mice One-Health: a safe, efficient, dual-use vaccine for humans and animals against Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus and rabies virus Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation DNA vaccine of SARS-Cov S gene induces antibody response in mice ChAdOx1 and MVA based vaccine candidates against MERS-CoV elicit neutralising antibodies and cellular immune responses in mice An orthopoxvirus-based vaccine reduces virus excretion after MERS-CoV infection in dromedary camels Searching for an ideal vaccine candidate among different MERS coronavirus receptor-binding fragments-the importance of immunofocusing in subunit vaccine design Adenosine deaminase acts as a natural antagonist for dipeptidyl peptidase 4-mediated entry of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Inhibition of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection by anti-CD26 monoclonal antibody An emerging role of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) beyond glucose control: potential implications in cardiovascular disease Structural modeling of 2019-novel coronavirus (nCoV) spike protein reveals a proteolytically-sensitive activation loop as a distinguishing feature compared to SARS-CoV and related SARS-like coronaviruses Comparative therapeutic efficacy of remdesivir and combination lopinavir, ritonavir, and interferon beta against MERS-CoV Disulfiram can inhibit MERS and SARS coronaviruspapain-like proteases via different modes De novo design of α-helical lipopeptides targeting viral fusion proteins: a promising strategy for relatively broad-spectrum antiviral drug discovery Structure-based discovery of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus fusion inhibitor New vaccine technologies to combat outbreak situations Safety and immunogenicity of an anti-Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus DNA vaccine: a phase 1, open-label, single-arm, dose-escalation trial A DNA vaccine induces SARS coronavirus neutralization and protective immunity in mice A SARS DNA vaccine induces neutralizing antibody and cellular immune responses in healthy adults in a Phase I clinical trial Potent binding of 2019 novelcoronavirus spike protein by a SARS coronavirus-specific human monoclonalantibody Potent neutralization of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus by a human mAb to S1 protein that blocks receptor association Potent cross-reactive neutralization of SARS coronavirus isolates by human monoclonal antibodies Exceptionally potent neutralizationof Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus by human monoclonalantibodies Interaction between heptad repeat 1 and 2 regions inspike protein of SARS-associated coronavirus: implications for virus fusogenic mechanism and identification of fusion inhibitors Fusion mechanism of 2019-nCoV andfusion inhibitors targeting HR1 domain in spike protein The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31870836), and the 1.3.5 Project for Disciplines Excellence, West China Hospital, Sichuan University (ZYYC20005 to W.C.). Epidemiology, genetic recombination, and pathogenesis of coronaviruses Origins and evolution of the global RNA virome Classify viruses-the gain is worth the pain Detection of a group 2 coronavirus in dogs with canine infectious respiratory disease Human coronaviruses: what do they cause? Epidemiology and cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Guangdong, People's Republic of China Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia Ecology, evolution and classification of bat coronaviruses in the aftermath of SARS A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Characterization of spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 on virus entry and its immune cross-reactivity with SARS-CoV On the origin and continuing evolution of SARS-CoV-2 Isolation and characterization of viruses related to the SARS coronavirus from animals in southern China Mutations, recombination and insertion in the evolution of 2019-nCoV SARS and MERS: recent insights into emerging coronaviruses Global epidemiology of bat coronaviruses From SARS to MERS, thrusting coronaviruses into the spotlight Challenges presented by MERS corona virus, and SARS corona virus to global health Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: another zoonotic betacoronavirus causing SARS-like disease MERS-CoV as an emerging respiratory illness: a review of prevention methods The Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)
    keywords: ace2; acute; antibodies; binding; cells; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; domain; east; gene; host; human; infection; mers; middle; novel; patients; protein; receptor; s protein; sars; spike; syndrome; syndrome coronavirus; type; vaccine; viruses
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        item: #4306 of 5187
          id: cord-337854-5ogip9tz
      author: Huang, Wanqiu
       title: The determination of release from isolation of COVID-19 patients requires ultra-high sensitivity nucleic acid test technology
        date: 2020-07-02
       words: 1021
      flesch: 42
     summary: In our study, we developed an improved strategy, termed as nestRPA (nest recombinase polymerase amplification), which could greatly improve the sensitivity of nucleic acid detection for SARS-CoV-2 than RPA or qPCR. 4 Should qualitative RT-PCR be used to determine release from isolation of COVID-19 patients COVID-19 Testing: The Threat of False-Negative Results Negative Nasopharyngeal and Oropharyngeal Swabs Do Not Rule Out COVID-19 False-negative of RT-PCR and prolonged nucleic acid conversion in COVID-19:Rather than recurrence Estimating the extent of asymptomatic COVID-19 and its potential for community transmission: systematic review and meta-analysis Suboptimal biological sampling as a probable cause of false-negative COVID-19 diagnostic test results Understanding the Influence Factors in Viral Nucleic Acid Test of 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Expert consensus on specimen sampling technique of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients Expert consensus on nucleic acid detection of COVID-19 Antibody Detection and Dynamic Characteristics in Patients with COVID-19
    keywords: acid; covid-19; negative
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        item: #4307 of 5187
          id: cord-337867-hqmf6r7t
      author: Shim, Byoung-Shik
       title: Intranasal immunization with plasmid DNA encoding spike protein of SARS-coronavirus/polyethylenimine nanoparticles elicits antigen-specific humoral and cellular immune responses
        date: 2010-12-31
       words: 3777
      flesch: 50
     summary: TNF-α is a cytokine that probably regulates immune cells and inhibits viral replication [26] . It has been suggested that T cells producing IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-17, and TNF-α are especially effective in protective immunity [14] .
    keywords: cells; dna; mice; pci; pei; protein; responses; sars
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        item: #4308 of 5187
          id: cord-337896-mct29erg
      author: Kornbluth, Asher
       title: Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease and COVID-19 in New York City 2020: The Epicenter of IBD in the First Epicenter of the Global Pandemic
        date: 2020-09-03
       words: 5119
      flesch: 50
     summary: Our extensive experience in caring for IBD patients with COVID-19 stems from our practice in which we have a very large IBD patient population of Ashkenazi Orthodox and Hasidic Jews that comprises nearly 75% of our cohort. SECURE-IBD Database Public Data Update New York Times Corona Virus Map and Cases Count COVID-19 (Coronavirus): What IBD Patients Should Know BSG) advice for management of inflammatory bowel diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic AGA clinical practice update on management of inflammatory bowel disease during the COVID-19 pandemic: expert commentary IOIBD COVID-19 Webinars and Guidelines.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; disease; ibd; new; nyc; office; patients; practice; sars; visits
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        item: #4309 of 5187
          id: cord-337962-9le56say
      author: Duan, Fuyu
       title: Modeling COVID-19 with Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cells Reveals Synergistic Effects of Anti-inflammatory Macrophages with ACE2 Inhibition Against SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-08-20
       words: 5362
      flesch: 43
     summary: Altogether, these ndings suggest that activation of proin ammatory macrophages can aggravate lung cell damage, beyond the destruction by viral infection; in contrast, activation of anti-in ammatory macrophages provides a protective effect for lung cells from viral infection. However, only M1 macrophages significantly up-regulated inflammatory factors including IL-6 and IL-18, inhibiting growth and enhancing apoptosis of lung cells.
    keywords: ammatory; cells; cov-2; culture; figure; human; imφ; infection; lung; macrophages; sars; virus
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        item: #4310 of 5187
          id: cord-337973-djqzgc1k
      author: Hao, Siyuan
       title: Long Period Modeling SARS-CoV-2 Infection of in Vitro Cultured Polarized Human Airway Epithelium
        date: 2020-08-28
       words: 2632
      flesch: 36
     summary: Methods for establishing 575 primary cultures Well-differentiated 577 human airway epithelial cell cultures Culturing the unculturable: human coronavirus HKU1 580 infects, replicates, and produces progeny virions in human ciliated airway epithelial cell cultures Systematic 599 assembly of a full-length infectious clone of human coronavirus NL63 Avian Influenza virus glycoproteins restrict virus replication and 603 spread through human airway epithelium at temperatures of the proximal airways Human coronavirus 229E infects polarized airway epithelia from 607 the apical surface Infection and Propagation of Human Rhinovirus C in 610 Human Airway Epithelial Cells ACE2 receptor expression and severe acute respiratory 613 syndrome coronavirus infection depend on differentiation of human airway epithelia SARS-CoV replication and pathogenesis in 616 an in vitro model of the human conducting airway epithelium Characterization and Treatment of 620 SARS-CoV-2 in Nasal and Bronchial Human Airway Epithelia An orally bioavailable broad-spectrum antiviral inhibits SARS-CoV-2 626 in human airway epithelial cell cultures and multiple coronaviruses in mice Morphogenesis 630 and cytopathic effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection in human airway epithelial cells Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation. Our observation that SARS-CoV-2 was unable to infect epithelial cells from the 299 basolateral side supports that the viral entry receptor ACE2 is polarly expressed at the apical 300 side 30, 31 .
    keywords: airway; cells; cov-2; hae; infection; sars
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        item: #4311 of 5187
          id: cord-338001-jig46hsk
      author: Ong, Jacqueline S. M.
       title: Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Critically Ill Children: A Narrative Review of the Literature
        date: 2020-04-21
       words: 3420
      flesch: 43
     summary: One or more caregivers usually accompany pediatric patients and this too needs to be taken into account when considering the care of COVID-19 patients. Children do not appear to account for a large proportion of COVID-19 disease.
    keywords: care; children; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; hospital; patients; sars; staff
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        item: #4312 of 5187
          id: cord-338023-gb5jgqcg
      author: Obara, Shinju
       title: Anesthesiologist behavior and anesthesia machine use in the operating room during the COVID-19 pandemic: awareness and changes to cope with the risk of infection transmission
        date: 2020-08-27
       words: 2823
      flesch: 32
     summary: The effects of such measures even in COVID-19 patients should be studied in the future. APSF/ASA Guidance on Purposing Anesthesia Machines as ICU Ventilators A process for daily checks when using anaesthetic machines to ventilate the lungs of COVID-19 patients: the 'domino switch' technique Remote control and monitoring of Ge Aisys anesthesia machines repurposed as intensive care unit ventilators Shared ventilation: toward safer ventilator splitting in resource emergencies International guidelines and recommendations for surgery during Covid-19 pandemic: a systematic review Air contamination with SARS-CoV-2 in the operating room Human papillomavirus DNA in surgical smoke during cervical loop electrosurgical excision procedures and its impact on the surgeon Electrocautery, diathermy, and surgical energy devices: are surgical teams at risk during the COVID-19 pandemic?
    keywords: anesthesia; cov-2; covid-19; infection; patients; sars; use
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        item: #4313 of 5187
          id: cord-338041-gl65i3s0
      author: Tang, Qin
       title: Inferring the hosts of coronavirus using dual statistical models based on nucleotide composition
        date: 2015-11-26
       words: 4458
      flesch: 48
     summary: A viruses Patterns of evolution and host gene mimicry in influenza and other RNA viruses Convergent host-parasite codon usage between honeybee and bee associated viral genomes Evolutionary basis of codon usage and nucleotide composition bias in vertebrate DNA viruses Analysis of synonymous codon usage in SARS Coronavirus and other viruses in the Nidovirales Codon and amino acid usage in retroviral genomes is consistent with virus-specific nucleotide pressure Evolution of base composition and codon usage bias in the genus Flavivirus Dinucleotide and stop codon frequencies in single-stranded RNA viruses On a class of pattern-recognition learning algorithms Support-vector networks Support Vector Machines-the Interface to libsvm in package e1071 Support vector machine classification and validation of cancer tissue samples using microarray expression data The Mahalanobis distance Use of nucleotide composition analysis to infer hosts for three novel Picorna-like viruses Compositional differences within and between eukaryotic genomes Cross-host evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in palm civet and human Natural mutations in the receptor binding domain of spike glycoprotein determine the reactivity of crossneutralization between palm civet coronavirus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Genomic characterization of a newly discovered coronavirus associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome in humans Structure of MERS-CoV spike receptor-binding domain complexed with human receptor DPP4 SARS-associated coronavirus transmitted from human to pig Isolation and characterization of a bat SARS-like coronavirus that uses the ACE2 receptor Analysis of the genome sequence of an alpaca coronavirus Mutation rates among RNA viruses Genomic signatures of human versus avian influenza A viruses Adaptive mutations in NEP compensate for defective H5N1 RNA replication in cultured human cells Virus-specific factors associated with zoonotic and pandemic potential Discovery of seven novel mammalian and avian coronaviruses in the genus deltacoronavirus supports bat coronaviruses as the gene source of alphacoronavirus and betacoronavirus and avian coronaviruses as the gene source of gammacoronavirus and deltacoronavirus Complete genomic sequence of human coronavirus OC43: Molecular clock analysis suggests a relatively recent zoonotic coronavirus transmission event Over-representation and under-representation of short oligonucleotides in DNAsequences Mahalanobis distance. Furthermore, bats were predicted to host of 64.02% training samples isolated from other hosts (See Table 1 ).
    keywords: analysis; bats; coronaviruses; data; hosts; population; sequences; spike; svm
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        item: #4314 of 5187
          id: cord-338054-n2r4pzan
      author: Lau, Joseph TF
       title: Anticipated and current preventive behaviors in response to an anticipated human-to-human H5N1 epidemic in the Hong Kong Chinese general population
        date: 2007-03-15
       words: 3848
      flesch: 42
     summary: key: cord-338054-n2r4pzan authors: Lau, Joseph TF; Kim, Jean H; Tsui, Hi Yi; Griffiths, Sian title: Anticipated and current preventive behaviors in response to an anticipated human-to-human H5N1 epidemic in the Hong Kong Chinese general population date: 2007-03-15 journal: BMC Infect Dis DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-7-18 sha: doc_id: 338054 cord_uid: n2r4pzan BACKGROUND: A random, anonymous, cross-sectional telephone survey of 503 Hong Kong Chinese adults.
    keywords: behaviors; h5n1; hong; human; kong; outbreak; sars
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        item: #4315 of 5187
          id: cord-338055-2d6n4cve
      author: Hassan, Sk. Sarif
       title: A unique view of SARS-CoV-2 through the lens of ORF8 protein
        date: 2020-08-26
       words: 5951
      flesch: 45
     summary: Chemical and structural properties of ORF8 proteins from different hosts, that is human, bat and pangolin, suggests that the ORF8 of SARS-CoV-2 and Bat RaTG13-CoV are very much closer related than that of Pangolin-CoV. Eighty-seven mutations across unique variants of ORF8 (SARS-CoV-2) are grouped into four classes based on their predicted effects. The web-server 60 'QUARK' was used for prediction of the secondary structure of ORF8 proteins [32, 33] .
    keywords: amino; bat; cov; cov-2; mutations; orf8; pangolin; protein; sars; sequence
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        item: #4316 of 5187
          id: cord-338097-kdrq81w5
      author: Brescia, Marilia D'Elboux Guimarães
       title: “Green July” 2020 and Another Good Reason to Quit Smoking: Help to Stop Spreading SARS-COV-2 and Save Lives!
        date: 2020-10-20
       words: 1206
      flesch: 57
     summary: Smoking is a well recognized risk factor for the development of head and neck cancer, and smoking cessation is the best recommended strategy to lessen the risk of upper aerodigestive tract and other cancers. SARS-Cov-2 infection in head neck cancer patients with active disease is a great threat due to cancer immunosuppression, but it is also a great risk to some survivors such as laryngectomized patients, who theoretically have a higher risk of severe infections due to inhaling aerosols more easily.
    keywords: head; neck; risk; smoking
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        item: #4317 of 5187
          id: cord-338123-4pshh5ov
      author: None
       title: SARS Alert Applicability
        date: 2004-08-17
       words: 1463
      flesch: 33
     summary: During the outbreak period (stage II), three teams were responsible for classifying SARS cases (2) . Summary of probable SARS cases with onset of illness from Innovative surveillance methods for rapid detection of disease outbreaks and bioterrorism: results of an interagency workshop on health indicator surveillance This study was performed within Ricerca Finalizzata and Ricerca Corrente Istituti Ricovero e
    keywords: cases; health; patients; sars; surveillance
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        item: #4318 of 5187
          id: cord-338140-p88fgojk
      author: Cervantes-Pérez, Enrique
       title: Medical Nutrition Therapy in Hospitalized Patients With SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Infection in a Non-critical Care Setting: Knowledge in Progress
        date: 2020-10-30
       words: 3972
      flesch: 39
     summary: This is because selenium could assist a group of enzymes that, in concert with vitamin E, work to prevent the formation of free radicals and prevent oxidative damage to cells and tissues Vitamin E is a lipid-soluble vitamin that plays an important role in reducing oxidative stress by binding to free radicals as an antioxidant.
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; covid-19; immune; infection; iron; malnutrition; patients; sars; vitamin
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        item: #4319 of 5187
          id: cord-338152-e8e3lv79
      author: Zhang, Peilin
       title: Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in placentas with pathology and vertical transmission
        date: 2020-08-03
       words: 611
      flesch: 43
     summary: Neonatal testing for SARS-CoV2 by swab PCR also showed rare positive cases from positive mothers. The current study showed that SARS-COV2 viral particles are uncommon in placentas from PCR-positive mothers at late gestation.
    keywords: cov2; sars
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        item: #4320 of 5187
          id: cord-338203-le5lbw5y
      author: O’Reilly, GM
       title: Epidemiology and clinical features of emergency department patients with suspected COVID‐19: Results from the first month of the COVED Quality Improvement Project (COVED‐2).
        date: 2020-06-13
       words: 2850
      flesch: 46
     summary: Health services and general practicecoronavirus disease (COVID-19) Informing emergency care for COVID-19 patients: The COVID-19 Emergency Department Quality Improvement Project protocol Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) -A metadata-driven methodology and workflow process for providing translational research informatics support Epidemiology and clinical features of emergency department patients with suspected COVID-19: Initial results from the COVID-19 Emergency Department Quality Improvement Project (COVED-1) Emergency Medicine's COVID Future: facing the triple challenge after flattening the curve Locked-down lives drive emergency department numbers to record lows. Although it was not the primary intent of the project, COVED is adding value by providing information around the current burden of suspected COVID-19 patients in the hospital system.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; data; patients; sars; study
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        item: #4321 of 5187
          id: cord-338205-sy91rnse
      author: Li, Chenxi
       title: Laboratory Diagnosis of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19)
        date: 2020-07-02
       words: 7542
      flesch: 45
     summary: A data-driven analysis in the early phase of the outbreak High Contagiousness and Rapid Spread of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 World Health Organization, Consensus document on theepidemiology of severe acuterespiratory syndrome (SARS) Virology, Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Control of COVID-19 Aerosol and Surface Distribution of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in Hospital Wards Aerosol and Surface Stability of SARS-CoV-2 as Compared with SARS-CoV-1 Molecular and serological investigation of 2019-nCoV infected patients: implication of multiple shedding routes Detectable 2019-nCoV viral RNA in blood is a strong indicator for the further clinical severity First Case of 2019 Novel Coronavirus in the United States World Health Organization, Laboratory testing for 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in suspected human cases A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster Identification of Coronavirus Isolated from a Patient in Korea with COVID-19 Quantitative Detection and Viral Load Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 in Infected Patients Transmission of 2019-nCoV Infection from an Asymptomatic Contact in Germany A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China SARS-CoV-2 can be detected in urine, blood, anal swabs, and oropharyngeal swabs specimens Consistent detection of 2019 novel coronavirus in saliva, Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America Temporal profiles of viral load in posterior oropharyngeal saliva samples and serum antibody responses during infection by SARS-CoV-2: an observational cohort study Evaluating the use of posterior oropharyngeal saliva in a point-of-care assay for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 Duration of viral detection in throat and rectum of a patient with COVID-19 Ophthalmologic evidence against the interpersonal transmission of 2019 novel coronavirus through conjunctiva Evaluation of coronavirus in tears and conjunctival secretions of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection Guidelines for Laboratory Diagnosis of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Korea Novel Coronavirus can be detected in urine, blood, anal swabs and oropharyngeal swabs samples World Health Organization, Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) technical guidance: There are currently 7 CoVs (including SARS-CoV-2) that can cause human respiratory diseases, but to date, only SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 have caused a large outbreak with high mortality.
    keywords: assay; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; detection; igg; patients; pcr; protein; samples; sars; sensitivity; tests
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        item: #4322 of 5187
          id: cord-338225-8dlxnpcn
      author: De Meyer, Sandra
       title: Lack of Antiviral Activity of Darunavir against SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-05-29
       words: 331
      flesch: 42
     summary: Overall, the data do not support use of darunavir for treatment of COVID-19 CoV-2]), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease inhibitors are being considered as 23 therapeutic alternatives. Results DRV showed no activity against SARS-CoV-2 at clinically relevant concentrations (EC50 >100μM).
    keywords: treatment
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        item: #4323 of 5187
          id: cord-338243-njkhwkwk
      author: Zhang, Dayi
       title: Potential spreading risks and disinfection challenges of medical wastewater by the presence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) viral RNA in septic tanks of Fangcang Hospital
        date: 2020-06-23
       words: 2838
      flesch: 35
     summary: Besides direct contact and respiratory routes (Carlos et al., 2020; Lai et al., 2020; Wu et al., 2020) , stool transmission might be an alternative route owing to the survival of SARS-CoV-2 in patient's stools (Holshue et al., 2020; Ling et al., 2020; Tian et al., 2020; Xiao et al., 2020; Xing et al., 2020; Zhang et al., 2020c) . As municipal wastewater pipe network receives huge amounts of wastewater from asymptomatic patients and treated sewage from hospitals, SARS-CoV-2 from non-or inefficient-disinfected wastewater might persist for a prolonged time in pipe network, becoming a secondary spreading source (Zhang et al., 2020a) .
    keywords: cov-2; disinfection; rna; sars; tanks; wastewater
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        item: #4324 of 5187
          id: cord-338317-ro041w5l
      author: Lockhart, Sam M.
       title: When two pandemics meet: Why is obesity associated with increased COVID-19 mortality?
        date: 2020-06-29
       words: 4667
      flesch: 35
     summary: In a rodent model 214 of obesity pulmonary resistance vessels were resistant to agonist and hypoxia induced 215 vasoconstriction ex vivo compared to lean controls 50 . 109 The majority of COVID-19 patients die having required artificial ventilation for hypoxemic respiratory 110 failure due to COVID-19 pneumonia 59 .
    keywords: adipose; covid-19; insulin; lung; obesity; patients; pulmonary; resistance; risk; tissue
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        item: #4325 of 5187
          id: cord-338320-jc00ulx5
      author: Siu, Kam-Leung
       title: Suppression of innate antiviral response by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus M protein is mediated through the first transmembrane domain
        date: 2014-02-10
       words: 3699
      flesch: 44
     summary: Since SARS coronavirus M protein and its M-N4Q mutant displayed equally potent activity to suppress RIG-I-and TBK-1-induced activation of IFN production (Figure 3 ), N-linked glycosylation is not influential in the suppression of IFN production by M protein. TM1 of SARS coronavirus M protein is required for IFN antagonism SARS coronavirus M protein has three TMs (TM1: 1-38 amino acids; TM2: 51-69 residues; and TM3: 76-85 residues) and a cytoplasmic endodomain (86-221 amino acids). SARS coronavirus-specific inhibition of type I IFN production by M protein M proteins from SARS coronavirus and human coronavirus HKU1 share 35% identity in amino-acid sequence ( Figure 1 ).
    keywords: coronavirus; hku1; human; ifn; production; protein; sars; traf3
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        item: #4326 of 5187
          id: cord-338333-yvm3d6xy
      author: Tu, Danna
       title: Immunological detection of serum antibodies in pediatric medical workers exposed to varying levels of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-07-25
       words: 1069
      flesch: 35
     summary: The results showed that Although we cannot clearly track antibody kinetics for asymptomatic infections, we can observe that the majority of participants with positive IgG antibodies had a significant decline in antibody levels after one month. key: cord-338333-yvm3d6xy authors: Tu, Danna; Shu, Junhua; Wu, Xiaoli; Li, Heng; Xia, Zhi; Zhang, Yanfang; Fang, Yaohui; Shen, Shu; Guan, Wuxiang; Wang, Hualin; Huang, Zhaoxuan; Wang, Guirong; Zhou, Xiaoqin; Deng, Fei title: Immunological detection of serum antibodies in pediatric medical workers exposed to varying levels of SARS-CoV-2 date: 2020-07-25 journal: J Infect DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.07.023 sha: doc_id: 338333 cord_uid: yvm3d6xy • Pediatric healthcare workers are at risk for SARS-CoV-2 transmission from children and aerosols increase SARS-CoV-2 infection rate.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; sars
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        item: #4327 of 5187
          id: cord-338351-y1t9emu1
      author: Ora, Josuel
       title: Does bronchoscopy help the diagnosis in Covid-19 infection?
        date: 2020-06-11
       words: 973
      flesch: 30
     summary: There are two main problems in negative swab patients with CT scans and clinical picture suggestive for COVID-19: firstly, according to the sensitivity of the swabs, misdiagnosing a SARS-CoV-2 positive patient may be a great risk for public health, secondly, an alternative diagnosis may be required for patients' appropriate treatment. However the role of bronchoscopy in ruling out suspected COVID-19 patients is under debate.
    keywords: covid-19; patients; swabs
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        item: #4328 of 5187
          id: cord-338359-pd4bfjet
      author: Yu, J.
       title: Risk assessment of admission procedures for cancer patients during the convalescence of COVID-19
        date: 2020-09-30
       words: 1095
      flesch: 42
     summary: Background: There are limited data on cancer patients (pts) and the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV2) respiratory disease (COVID-19). The impact on cancer patients (pts) may be even greater.
    keywords: cancer; covid-19; patients; pts
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        item: #4329 of 5187
          id: cord-338365-9sd62a2w
      author: Patrício Silva, Ana L.
       title: Increased plastic pollution due to Covid-19 pandemic: challenges and recommendations
        date: 2020-08-17
       words: 7425
      flesch: 34
     summary: Although the absence of data on the demand/use of PPE and SUP, and subsequent increment of plastics waste and changes in waste management strategies, during the first semester of COVID-19 evolution, several reports tried to estimate their environmental footprint considering different scenarios. Production of GHG, such as CO 2 and CH 4 , is released in significant amounts during plastic waste decomposition in landfills, or during the burning of plastics waste [32] .
    keywords: bags; covid-19; disinfection; effects; environment; health; management; masks; measures; pandemic; plastic; pollution; ppe; production; public; safety; sars; use; waste
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        item: #4330 of 5187
          id: cord-338403-mfde6juv
      author: Li, Bo
       title: Prevalence and impact of cardiovascular metabolic diseases on COVID-19 in China
        date: 2020-03-11
       words: 3441
      flesch: 47
     summary: According to Summary of the 2018 report on cardiovascular diseases in China, the morbidities of the hypertension and diabetes were, respectively, 23.2% and 10.9%, and there were about 13 million of cerebrovascular disease patients and 11 million of cardiovascular patients [21] . We then compared the difference of the prevalence of the three diseases between severe patients and non-severe patients (or ICU patients vs non-ICU patients according to the data in the studies).
    keywords: cardiac; diseases; icu; injury; non; patients; studies
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        item: #4331 of 5187
          id: cord-338417-7kw9lws0
      author: Singh, Awadhesh Kumar
       title: Comorbidities in COVID-19: Outcomes in hypertensive cohort and controversies with renin angiotensin system blockers
        date: 2020-04-09
       words: 3216
      flesch: 42
     summary: Although the emerging data hints to an increase in mortality in COVID-19 patients with known hypertension, diabetes and CVD, it should be noted that it was not adjusted for multiple confounding factors. Harm or benefit in COVID-19 patients receiving RASB has not been typically assessed in these studies yet, although mechanistically and plausibly both, benefit and harm is possible with these agents, given that COVID-19 expresses to tissues through the receptor of angiotensin converting enzyme-2.
    keywords: angiotensin; coronavirus; covid-19; hypertension; patients; receptor; sars
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        item: #4332 of 5187
          id: cord-338436-0z828org
      author: Tzou, Philip L.
       title: Coronavirus Antiviral Research Database (CoV-RDB): An Online Database Designed to Facilitate Comparisons between Candidate Anti-Coronavirus Compounds
        date: 2020-09-09
       words: 8207
      flesch: 38
     summary: Implications for disease pathogenesis and clinical manifestation Regulation of the Interferon System: Evidence that Vero Cells have a Genetic Defect in Interferon Production Enhanced isolation of SARS-CoV-2 by TMPRSS2-expressing cells Morphological Cell Profiling of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Identifies Drug Repurposing Candidates for COVID-19 Identification of inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 in-vitro cellular toxicity in human (Caco-2) cells using a large scale drug repurposing collection Comparative analysis of antiviral efficacy of FDA-approved drugs against SARS-CoV-2 in human lung cells: Nafamostat is the most potent antiviral drug candidate Characterization and treatment of SARS-CoV-2 in nasal and bronchial human airway epithelia Replication of SARS-CoV-2 in human respiratory epithelium Replication of SARS coronavirus administered into the respiratory tract of African Green, rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys Pneumonitis and Multi-Organ System Disease in Common Marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) Infected with the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Associated Coronavirus Animal models for SARS Animal models for SARS and MERS coronaviruses Treatment with interferon-α2b and ribavirin improves outcome in MERS-CoV-infected rhesus macaques Cynomolgus macaque as an animal model for severe acute respiratory syndrome Respiratory disease in rhesus macaques inoculated with SARS-CoV-2 Comparative pathogenesis of COVID-19, MERS, and SARS in a nonhuman primate model Rapid isolation of potent SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies and protection in a small animal model Susceptibility of ferrets, cats, dogs, and other domesticated animals to SARS-coronavirus 2 Antiviral Efficacies of FDA-Approved Drugs against SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Ferrets Infection and Rapid Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Ferrets Pathogenesis and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in golden hamsters The pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 in hACE2 transgenic mice Pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 in Transgenic Mice Expressing Human Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 COVID-19 preclinical models: Human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 transgenic mice Infection with novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) causes pneumonia in Rhesus macaques Syrian hamsters as a small animal model for SARS-CoV-2 infection and countermeasure development Passive immunotherapy with dromedary immune serum in an experimental animal model for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Protective Effect of Intranasal Regimens Containing Peptidic Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Fusion Inhibitor Against MERS-CoV Infection Treatment With Lopinavir/Ritonavir or Interferon-β1b Improves Outcome of MERS-CoV Infection in a Nonhuman Primate Model of Common Marmoset Type I and Type III Interferons-Induction, Signaling, Evasion, and Application to Combat COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 sensitive to type I interferon pretreatment Coronavirus membrane fusion mechanism offers a potential target for antiviral development Coronaviruses -drug discovery and therapeutic options The Anticoagulant Nafamostat Potently Inhibits SARS-CoV-2 S Protein-Mediated Fusion in a Cell Fusion Assay System and Viral Infection In Vitro in a Cell-Type-Dependent Manner. β-D-N4hydroxycytidine-5′isopropyl ester (EIDD-2801) EIDD-2801 is a nucleoside analog, which like remdesivir has high nanomolar inhibitory activity in vitro against SARS-CoV-2 [62] .
    keywords: activity; animal; antibodies; antiviral; cell; compounds; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; data; drug; experiments; human; sars; trials; virus
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        item: #4333 of 5187
          id: cord-338468-c0jv3i1t
      author: Kanduc, Darja
       title: From Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Immune Responses to COVID-19 via Molecular Mimicry
        date: 2020-07-16
       words: 4156
      flesch: 32
     summary: Immunoreactive epitopes present in SARS-CoV-2 were mostly composed of peptide sequences present in human proteins that—when altered, mutated, deficient or, however, improperly functioning—may associate with a wide range of disorders, from respiratory distress to multiple organ failure. Actually, the mere sharing of peptide sequences between pathogens and human proteins might be of little significance whether it remained sterile of cross-reactive autoimmune reactions.
    keywords: cov-2; cross; epitopes; gene; hexapeptides; immune; mutations; proteins; receptor; sars; sharing; syndrome; table
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        item: #4334 of 5187
          id: cord-338498-3238fz73
      author: Kleen, Thomas-Oliver
       title: Mitigating Coronavirus Induced Dysfunctional Immunity for At-Risk Populations in COVID-19: Trained Immunity, BCG and “New Old Friends”
        date: 2020-09-04
       words: 12549
      flesch: 26
     summary: bioRxiv Targets of T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus in humans with COVID-19 disease and unexposed individuals Immune responses to middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus during the acute and convalescent phases of human infection Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome Clonally diverse CD38(+)HLA-DR(+)CD8(+) T cells persist during fatal H7N9 disease Characterization of human CD8 T cell responses in dengue virusinfected patients from India Severe pandemic H1N1 2009 infection is associated with transient NK and T deficiency and aberrant CD8 responses Human Ebola virus infection results in substantial immune activation This is further supported by a study that screened for the presence of SARS-specific T cells in a cohort of three SARS-CoV-recovered individuals, where CD8+ T cell responses targeting the SARS-CoV membrane and nucleocapsid proteins were found to persist up to 11 years post-infection (70) .
    keywords: activation; acute; bcg; cd8; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; human; immune; immunity; infection; innate; macrophages; patients; responses; sars; study; t cells; vaccine
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        item: #4335 of 5187
          id: cord-338517-1mxcssjj
      author: Ishay, Yuval
       title: Antibody response to SARS‐Co‐V‐2, diagnostic and therapeutic implications
        date: 2020-08-26
       words: 7408
      flesch: 29
     summary: Prior to and concurrently with the isolation of specific antibodies, SARS-CoV S1-specific serum from convalescent SARS patients or from animals was proposed to cross-neutralize the SARS-CoV-2 infection by reducing S proteinmediated SARS-CoV-2 entry (30) . Convalescent plasma or immunoglobulins were effective in SARS patients whose condition continued to deteriorate.
    keywords: antibodies; antibody; cells; convalescent; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; immune; infection; nabs; patients; plasma; response; sars
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        item: #4336 of 5187
          id: cord-338541-0yiuh017
      author: Hannan, Md. Abdul
       title: Intermittent fasting, a possible priming tool for host defense against SARS-CoV-2 infection: Crosstalk among calorie restriction, autophagy and immune response
        date: 2020-07-10
       words: 4313
      flesch: 35
     summary: evasion Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) Class I and MHC Class II Proteins: Conformational Plasticity in Antigen Presentation Interactions of tumor cells with dendritic cells: balancing immunity and tolerance Autophagy in the regulation of pathogen replication and adaptive immunity Autophagy proteins in antigen processing for presentation on MHC molecules Autophagy promotes MHC class II presentation of peptides from intracellular source proteins Modulating T Cell Responses via Autophagy: The Intrinsic Influence Controlling the Function of Both Antigen-Presenting Cells and T Cells CD4+ T-cell subsets in inflammatory diseases: beyond the The autophagy gene Atg16l1 differentially regulates Treg and TH2 cells to control intestinal inflammation Common γ-chain cytokine signaling is required for macroautophagy induction during CD4+ T-cell activation The relationship between autophagy and the immune system and its applications for tumor immunotherapy Plasma cells require autophagy for sustainable immunoglobulin production Mammalian Autophagy: How Does It Work? Autophagy as a promoter of longevity: insights from model organisms Delayed treatment with fenofibrate protects against high-fat diet-induced kidney injury in mice: the possible role of AMPK autophagy VSV infection is sensed by Drosophila, attenuates nutrient signaling, and thereby activates antiviral autophagy Autophagy protects against Sindbis virus infection of the central nervous system HSV-1 ICP34.5 confers neurovirulence by targeting the Beclin 1 autophagy protein Structural and biochemical bases for the inhibition of autophagy and apoptosis by viral BCL-2 of murine gamma-herpesvirus 68 Analysis of SARS-CoV-2-controlled autophagy reveals spermidine Autophagy and the Integrated Stress Response The role of the Atg1/ULK1 complex in autophagy regulation Autophagy and aging Caloric restriction and resveratrol promote longevity through the Sirtuin-1-dependent induction of autophagy Fasting: molecular mechanisms and clinical applications Impact of intermittent fasting on health and disease processes Alternate day calorie restriction improves clinical findings and reduces markers of oxidative stress and inflammation in overweight adults with moderate asthma Intermittent fasting from dawn to sunset for 30 consecutive days is associated with anticancer proteomic signature and upregulates key regulatory proteins of glucose and lipid metabolism, circadian clock, DNA repair, cytoskeleton remodeling, immune system and cognitive function in healthy subjects The effects of intermittent or continuous energy restriction on weight loss and metabolic disease risk markers: a randomized trial in young overweight women Intermittent fasting during Ramadan attenuates proinflammatory cytokines and immune cells in healthy subjects The influence of different calorie restriction protocols on serum pro-inflammatory cytokines, adipokines and IGF-I levels in female C57BL6 mice: short term and long term diet effects Different modulation by dietary restriction of adipokine expression in white adipose tissue sites in the rat Caloric Restriction Leads to Browning of White Adipose Tissue through Type 2 Immune Signaling Toward an Understanding of How Immune Cells Control Brown and Beige Adipobiology Dietary Intake Regulates the Circulating Inflammatory Monocyte Pool SARS-CoV-2 infects host cells through binding with angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor which is predominantly expressed in pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells [20, 21] .
    keywords: autophagy; cells; fasting; immune; immunity; infection; response; sars; system
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        item: #4337 of 5187
          id: cord-338543-q6cl5kjp
      author: Salguero, Francisco J.
       title: Comparison of Rhesus and Cynomolgus macaques as an authentic model for COVID-19
        date: 2020-09-17
       words: 1095
      flesch: 42
     summary: However, comparison of the summed MP 1-3-specific response indicated that 304 significantly higher SFU frequencies were present in the animals euthanised at the In general, there was a trend for spike protein peptide-specific IFN-γ SFU 311 frequencies measured in PBMC samples collected from cynomolgus macaques to 312 be greater than those detected in rhesus macaques, although these differences did 313 not reach statistical significance. In rhesus macaques, low levels of viral RNA were detected 157 from one dpc to nine dpc.
    keywords: cynomolgus; dpc; macaques; rhesus
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        item: #4338 of 5187
          id: cord-338544-eph89g47
      author: Spuntarelli, Valerio
       title: COVID-19: is it just a lung disease? A case-based review
        date: 2020-07-28
       words: 2286
      flesch: 40
     summary: Int Forum Allergy Rhinol Guillain Barre syndrome associated with COVID-19 infection: a case report Guillain-Barré syndrome following COVID-19: new infection, old complication? COVID-19-associated acute hemorrhagic necrotizing encephalopathy: CT and MRI features Central nervous system manifestations of COVID-19: a systematic review New onset acute symptomatic seizure and risk factors in coronavirus disease 2019: a retrospective multicenter study Orchitis: a complication of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)1 Publisher's Note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations Possible involvement of infection with human coronavirus 229E, but not NL63, in Kawasaki disease COVID-19 and the liver: little cause for concern Potential pathogenesis of ageusia and anosmia in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: acute; case; covid-19; disease; patients; sars; study; syndrome
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        item: #4339 of 5187
          id: cord-338578-e0aiknb6
      author: Patel, Kajal
       title: Applying the WHO ICF Framework to the Outcome Measures Used in the Evaluation of Long-Term Clinical Outcomes in Coronavirus Outbreaks
        date: 2020-09-05
       words: 3950
      flesch: 39
     summary: This study aimed to use the ICF framework to classify outcome measures used in follow-up studies of coronavirus outbreaks and make recommendations for future studies. (4) Conclusions: We recommend future COVID-19 follow-up studies to use the ICF framework to select a combination of outcome measures that capture all the components for a better understanding of the impact on survivors and planning interventions to maximize functional return.
    keywords: function; health; icf; measures; outcome; studies; syndrome
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        item: #4340 of 5187
          id: cord-338589-1ent68fx
      author: Stoddard, Shana V.
       title: Optimization Rules for SARS-CoV-2 M(pro) Antivirals: Ensemble Docking and Exploration of the Coronavirus Protease Active Site
        date: 2020-08-26
       words: 11441
      flesch: 50
     summary: In order to explore the impact of the presence of halogens on inhibitor compounds designed to target SARS-CoV-2 M pro , ten compounds were created using T47 and T1J as templates ( Figure 5 ). The ensemble docking and characterization work described in this article demonstrates the multifaceted features of the SARS-CoV-2 M(pro) active site, molecular guidelines to improving binding affinity, and ultimately the optimization of drug candidates.
    keywords: affinity; binding; compounds; cov-2; docking; figure; hydrogen; hydrogen bonding; interactions; nitrogen; pro; ring; s2 subsite; sars; subsite
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        item: #4341 of 5187
          id: cord-338647-dtuohsf5
      author: Başcı, Semih
       title: Outcome of COVID-19 in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia receiving tyrosine kinase inhibitors
        date: 2020-08-27
       words: 2715
      flesch: 45
     summary: The data of 16 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients with CML receiving TKI and age, gender, and comorbid disease matched COVID-19 patients without cancer at a 3/1 ratio (n = 48), diagnosed between March 11, 2020 and May 22, 2020 and included in the Republic of Turkey, Ministry of Health database, were analyzed retrospectively. The case fatality rate (CFR) in COVID-19 patients with CML was 6.3%, and it was 12.8% in the control group.
    keywords: cml; control; covid-19; group; imatinib; patients; sars
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        item: #4342 of 5187
          id: cord-338648-5evr2v3r
      author: Shental, Noam
       title: Efficient high-throughput SARS-CoV-2 testing to detect asymptomatic carriers
        date: 2020-09-11
       words: 5362
      flesch: 51
     summary: A key issue with sample pooling is loss of sensitivity due to sample dilution. Administration recently published novel guidelines on sample pooling (19) .
    keywords: carrier; number; pcr; pooling; pools; rate; samples; sars; testing
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        item: #4343 of 5187
          id: cord-338680-wwlttymp
      author: Khonyongwa, K.
       title: Incidence and outcomes of healthcare-associated COVID-19 infections: significance of delayed diagnosis and correlation with staff absence
        date: 2020-07-30
       words: 4841
      flesch: 47
     summary: Bed occupancy was derived from the Business Intelligence Unit of the Hospital and community incidence was derived from national population data (10) and Department of Health reports of COVID-19 cases (1) Statistical methods: Categorical variables were compared using the chi square test or Fisher's exact test. Healthcare associated COVID-19 infections (HA-COVID-19) have been reported in other studies (5) but the literature on epidemiology, risk factors and outcomes of healthcare acquisition of COVID-19 among healthcare inpatients is lacking.
    keywords: cases; covid-19; incidence; license; medrxiv; patients; preprint; rna; staff
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        item: #4344 of 5187
          id: cord-338683-nzgnpi6f
      author: Karligkiotis, Apostolos
       title: Changing paradigms in sinus and skull base surgery as the COVID‐19 pandemic evolves: Preliminary experience from a single Italian tertiary care center
        date: 2020-06-08
       words: 4310
      flesch: 37
     summary: However, after March 23, 2020, indications for PPE use changed and, since then, surgical procedures in COVID-19 negative patients required the use of the highest individual protection standards (at least FFP2 masks), in consideration of the significant number of false negatives resulting from the swab tests currently used. Table 4 provides a summary of the survey conducted, highlighting data regarding exposition to COVID-19 positive patients, the use of PPE and the diagnostic tests performed.
    keywords: base; care; covid-19; health; pandemic; patients; period; skull; surgery
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        item: #4345 of 5187
          id: cord-338684-po3hfibp
      author: Cheong, Kai Xiong
       title: Systematic Review of Ocular Involvement of SARS-CoV-2 in Coronavirus Disease 2019
        date: 2020-09-26
       words: 5036
      flesch: 55
     summary: In contrast, other studies have reported the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in ocular samples from patients who did not experience ocular symptoms and signs Studies have reported ocular involvement in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), with SARS-CoV-2 having been detected in ocular swab samples.
    keywords: conjunctival; cov-2; covid-19; patients; samples; sars; signs; symptoms
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        item: #4346 of 5187
          id: cord-338689-4u1ezk64
      author: Ata, Fateen
       title: COVID-19 presenting with diarrhoea and hyponatraemia
        date: 2020-06-07
       words: 1409
      flesch: 48
     summary: 4 Gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhoea, abdominal pain and vomiting have been previously seen with acute viral respiratory infections and reported recently as rare manifestations of COVID-19. Our patient had acute hyponatraemia, abdominal pain and diarrhoea with minimal Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study The species severe acute respiratory syndromerelated coronavirus: classifying 2019-nCoV and naming it SARS-CoV-2 WHO Director-General's opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19 -11 Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China Clinical and virological factors associated with gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with acute respiratory infection: a two-year prospective study in general practice medicine Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome COVID-19: gastrointestinal manifestations and potential fecaloral transmission Legionnaires' disease Hyponatraemia and the inappropriate ADH syndrome in pneumonia COVID-19 pathophysiology: a review T cell-mediated immune response to respiratory coronaviruses Angiotensin converting enzyme-2 confers endothelial protection and attenuates atherosclerosis The digestive system is a potential route of 2019-nCov infection: a bioinformatics analysis based on single-cell transcriptomes The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank Competing interests None declared.
    keywords: covid-19; disease; pain; patient
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        item: #4347 of 5187
          id: cord-338723-3vm23fgy
      author: Lee, In-Hee
       title: A survey of genetic variants in SARS-CoV-2 interacting domains of ACE2, TMPRSS2 and TLR3/7/8 across populations
        date: 2020-08-26
       words: 2788
      flesch: 45
     summary: key: cord-338723-3vm23fgy authors: Lee, In-Hee; Lee, Ji-Won; Kong, Sek Won title: A survey of genetic variants in SARS-CoV-2 interacting domains of ACE2, TMPRSS2 and TLR3/7/8 across populations date: 2020-08-26 journal: Infect Genet Evol DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104507 sha: doc_id: 338723 cord_uid: 3vm23fgy The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted healthcare disparities in multiple countries. For ACE2, we investigated genetic variants in the residues on the interface to SARS-CoV-2 RBD from recent structural analyses (Hussain et al., 2020; Lan et al., 2020; Shang et al., 2020; Wrapp et al., 2020; Yan et al., 2020) .
    keywords: ace2; populations; sars; variants
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        item: #4348 of 5187
          id: cord-338734-laeocs3j
      author: Lima, Amorce
       title: Validation and Comparison of a Modified CDC Assay with two Commercially Available Assays for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Respiratory Specimen
        date: 2020-06-30
       words: 2537
      flesch: 51
     summary: 281 A closer look at the Ct value differences between the modified CDC SARS-CoV-2 assay 282 and the commercial assays suggests that there is not a significant difference between the 283 modified CDC SARS-CoV-2 assay and NeuMoDx SARS-CoV-2; however, there seems to be a 284 greater difference in Ct values between DiaSorin Simplexa CoV-2 Direct assay and the modified 285 CDC SARS-CoV-2 assay, with DiaSorin having lower Ct values. DiaSorin Simplexa CoV-2 Direct assay involves a simple operation procedure that 300 does not include an extraction step; it has, however, much lower throughput than NeuMoDx.
    keywords: assay; cdc; cov-2; samples; sars
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        item: #4349 of 5187
          id: cord-338741-gy3ovkrt
      author: Sethi, Atin
       title: Evaluation of Current Therapies for COVID-19 Treatment
        date: 2020-07-22
       words: 5592
      flesch: 44
     summary: The authors suggested that physicians should test for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in hospitalized patients before treatment with convalescent plasma. In patients with mechanical ventilation, dexamethasone reduced mortality by 1/3, and by 1/5 in those receiving oxygen alone.
    keywords: control; cov-2; covid-19; efficacy; hydroxychloroquine; patients; sars; study; treatment; trial; use
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        item: #4350 of 5187
          id: cord-338744-2kizbzns
      author: González-Castro, A.
       title: Síndrome post-cuidados intensivos después de la pandemia por SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-04-27
       words: 465
      flesch: 33
     summary: Sin embargo, en el futuro de la pandemia por SARS-CoV-2 conviven diferentes horizontes: cabe esperar una segunda oleada debida a la restricción de recursos en situaciones de urgencia para las enfermedades no-SARS-CoV-2, donde las muertes aumenten por un sistema de salud saturado 1 . Final-Imagen 1 Representación gráfica de los posibles horizontes en el tiempo como consecuencia de la pandemia por SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: pandemia
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        item: #4351 of 5187
          id: cord-338751-2eo7ityc
      author: Anzalone, Nicoletta
       title: Multifocal laminar cortical brain lesions: a consistent MRI finding in neuro-COVID-19 patients
        date: 2020-06-06
       words: 1085
      flesch: 35
     summary: Nonetheless, other vasculo-mediated mechanisms including altered vasomotor reactivity may play a role and cause neurological symptoms in COVID-19 patients [6] . In this regard, normalization of MRI findings in one patient (Fig. 2f-l) may corroborate the hypothesis of a transient functional nature of the impaired cerebral microcirculatory function.
    keywords: mri; patients
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        item: #4352 of 5187
          id: cord-338755-f5g2r4n9
      author: Alam, Nawsad
       title: A spike with which to beat COVID-19?
        date: 2020-05-15
       words: 761
      flesch: 55
     summary: Whether the future holds stabilized spikes or RBDs, the new spike structures, which revealed that our knowledge of SARS-CoV is also applicable to SARS-CoV-2, are good news. Coronavirus spikes are trimeric molecules that present their receptor-binding domains (RBDs) at their distal tips.
    keywords: sars; spike
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        item: #4353 of 5187
          id: cord-338775-gh3a0wuf
      author: Gulersen, Moti
       title: Histopathological evaluation of placentas after diagnosis of maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-08-15
       words: 2514
      flesch: 31
     summary: Therefore, the objective of this study was to 109 determine if any significant placental histopathological changes occur after diagnosis of SARS-110 CoV-2 infection in pregnancy and whether these changes are correlated with the presence or 111 absence of symptoms typically related to infection. To our knowledge, and based on a review of the 300 literature, this is the largest reported cohort of examined placentas from pregnancies with SARS-301 CoV-2 infection and first report comparing histopathological findings in women with and 302 without symptoms related to infection.
    keywords: infection; patients; placentas; sars; study; symptoms
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        item: #4354 of 5187
          id: cord-338790-rvdoq616
      author: Wang, Xiaowen
       title: Be aware of acute kidney injury in critically ill children with COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-26
       words: 2909
      flesch: 41
     summary: A delineation of complement activation in COVID-19 will also shed light on the use of complement inhibitory therapy in COVID-19 patients with AKI. We investigated incidence and treatment of AKI in pediatric patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan Children’s Hospital during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic and discuss possible mechanisms of AKI related to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
    keywords: acute; aki; children; covid-19; injury; kidney; patients; sars
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        item: #4355 of 5187
          id: cord-338798-xsun927w
      author: Ciorba, Andrea
       title: Ototoxicity prevention during the SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) emergency
        date: 2020-10-17
       words: 500
      flesch: 29
     summary: • Otoacoustic Emissions (OAEs) are reported to be very sensitive in evaluating early manifestations of cochlear ototoxic damages. key: cord-338798-xsun927w authors: Ciorba, Andrea; Skarżyński, Piotr Henryk; Pelucchi, Stefano; Hatzopoulos, Stavros title: Ototoxicity prevention during the SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) emergency date: 2020-10-17 journal: J Glob Antimicrob Resist DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2020.09.030 sha: doc_id: 338798 cord_uid: xsun927w •
    keywords: hydroxychloroquine; ototoxicity
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        item: #4356 of 5187
          id: cord-338889-7hd3iibk
      author: Solbakk, Jan Helge
       title: Back to WHAT? The role of research ethics in pandemic times
        date: 2020-11-03
       words: 11708
      flesch: 47
     summary: In this paper we disentangle some of the arguments put forward in the ongoing debate about Covid-19 human challenge studies (CHIs) and the concomitant role of health-related research ethics in pandemic times. In the next paragraph of this paper we will examine and critique in detail four position statements advocating the epistemological and ethical justifiability of conducting Covid-19 CHI-studies: P. Singer and R.Y. Chappell's, Pandemic ethics: The case for experiments on human volunteers 12 ; the report, Key criteria for the ethical acceptability of COVID-19 human challenge studies, issued by a working group set up by WHO 13 ; the Policy Forum statement, Ethics of controlled human infection to study by Shah, Miller, Darton et al.; 14 and Jamrozik and Selgelid's statement, In addition, we will consider other recent papers advocating the use of Covid-19 CHIs studies.
    keywords: challenge; cov-2; covid-19; et al; ethical; ethics; human; infection; pandemic; participants; research; rights; risk; sars; studies; study; trial; uncertainty; vaccine; virus
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        item: #4357 of 5187
          id: cord-338901-1kzy7rts
      author: Li, Heng
       title: Overview of therapeutic drug research for COVID-19 in China
        date: 2020-06-17
       words: 5106
      flesch: 44
     summary: Molecular basis of ribavirin resistance Comparative effectiveness of aerosolized versus oral ribavirin for the treatment of respiratory syncytial virus infections: a single-center retrospective cohort study and review of the literature Ideal oral combinations to eradicate HCV: the role of ribavirin A major outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Clinical features and short-term outcomes of 144 patients with SARS in the greater Toronto area Short term outcome and risk factors for adverse clinical outcomes in adults with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Severe acute respiratory syndrome: report of treatment and outcome after a major outbreak Ribavirin and interferonbeta synergistically inhibit SARS-associated coronavirus replication in animal and human cell lines Ribavirin and interferon alfa-2a for severe Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection: a retrospective cohort study Use of chloroquine in viral diseases Effects of chloroquine on viral infections: an old drug against today's diseases? Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro Evidence for a common evolutionary origin of coronavirus spike protein receptor-binding subunits Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread Progress in antiviral therapy of new coronavirus pneumonia Arbidol as a broad-spectrum antiviral: an update Arbidol: a broad-spectrum antiviral compound that blocks viral fusion The synthetic antiviral drug arbidol inhibits globally prevalent pathogenic viruses Comparison of inhibitory effects of arbidol and Lianhuaqingwen Capsules on Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in vitro and in vivo Clinical characteristics and therapeutic procedure for four cases with 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia receiving combined Chinese and Western medicine treatment Dancing with chemical formulae of antivirals: a personal account Dancing with chemical formulae of antivirals: A panoramic view (Part 2) Mechanism of action of T-705 against influenza virus. In vitro susceptibility of 10 clinical isolates of SARS coronavirus to selected antiviral compounds Combined adjuvant effect of ginseng stem-leaf saponins and selenium on immune responses to a live bivalent vaccine of Newcastle disease virus and infectious bronchitis virus in chickens Structure of the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain bound to the ACE2 receptor Structural basis of receptor recognition by SARS-CoV-2 Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation The SARS-coronavirus papain-like protease: structure, function and inhibition by designed antiviral compounds Learning from the past: possible urgent prevention and treatment options for severe acute respiratory infections caused by 2019-nCoV Nucleotide analogues as inhibitors of viral polymerases SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor
    keywords: antiviral; chinese; clinical; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; medicine; pneumonia; rna; sars; treatment
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        item: #4358 of 5187
          id: cord-338923-hc7gagnq
      author: Jääskeläinen, AJ
       title: Performance of six SARS-CoV-2 immunoassays in comparison with microneutralisation
        date: 2020-06-15
       words: 2113
      flesch: 43
     summary: The specificity and sensitivity values of the commercial tests against MNT, respectively, were as follows: 95.1%/80.5% (Abbott Architect SARS-CoV-2 IgG), 94.9%/43.8% (Diasorin Liaison SARS-CoV-2 IgG; RUO), 68.3%/87.8% (Euroimmun SARS-CoV-2 IgA), 86.6%/70.7% (Euroimmun SARS-CoV-2 IgG), 74.4%/56.1% (Acro 2019-nCoV IgG), 69.5%/46.3% (Acro 2019-nCoV IgM), 97.5%/71.9% (Xiamen Biotime SARS-CoV-2 IgG), and 88.8%/81.3% (Xiamen Biotime SARS-CoV-2 IgM). The CE marked Diasorin Liaison SARS-CoV-2 IgG assay was not available for this evaluation.
    keywords: assays; igg; mnt; neg; sars
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        item: #4359 of 5187
          id: cord-338928-y5l7cf31
      author: Leonardi, Matilde
       title: Neurological manifestations associated with COVID-19: a review and a call for action
        date: 2020-05-20
       words: 2113
      flesch: 30
     summary: Reports from China describe neurological symptoms in COVID-19 patients with one retrospective case series from Wuhan, China showing 78 of 214 patients (36%) with neurological manifestations Respiratory distress is the most distinctive symptom (55%) reported in COVID-19 patients [7] .
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; manifestations; patients; sars; symptoms
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        item: #4360 of 5187
          id: cord-338972-uq2ha8xs
      author: Olson, Michael T.
       title: Resumption of elective surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic: what lessons can we apply?
        date: 2020-06-05
       words: 1689
      flesch: 27
     summary: key: cord-338972-uq2ha8xs authors: Olson, Michael T.; Triantafyllou, Tania; Singhal, Saurabh title: Resumption of elective surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic: what lessons can we apply? date: 2020-06-05 journal: Eur Surg DOI: 10.1007/s10353-020-00645-0 sha: doc_id: 338972 cord_uid: uq2ha8xs nan it appropriate to return to a normal-capacity surgical practice? The goal to optimally provide safe and high-quality surgical care has not wavered, but in resuming elective surgery, it remains vitally important to be considerate of its risks.
    keywords: covid-19; pandemic; patients; sars; surgery
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        item: #4361 of 5187
          id: cord-338973-73a7uvyz
      author: Xu, Jiabao
       title: Systematic Comparison of Two Animal-to-Human Transmitted Human Coronaviruses: SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV
        date: 2020-02-22
       words: 7127
      flesch: 54
     summary: Nelfinavir was predicted to be a potential inhibitor of 2019 nCov main protease by an integrative approach combining homology modelling, molecular docking and binding free energy calculation Comparative therapeutic efficacy of remdesivir and combination lopinavir, ritonavir, and interferon beta against MERS-CoV A randomized, controlled trial of Ebola virus disease therapeutics First Case of 2019 Novel Coronavirus in the United States Research progress on novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) related drugs in vitro/vivo Friendship Hospital: Clinical Experimental Research Work Is Being Carried Out on Remdesivir Recombination in large RNA viruses Discovery of seven novel Mammalian and avian coronaviruses in the genus deltacoronavirus supports bat coronaviruses as the gene source of alphacoronavirus and betacoronavirus and avian coronaviruses as the gene source of gammacoronavirus and deltacoronavirus Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: Implications for virus origins and receptor binding SARS-Coronavirus Open Reading Frame-8b triggers intracellular stress pathways and activates NLRP3 inflammasomes Jumping species-A mechanism for coronavirus persistence and survival Serological evidence of bat SARS-related coronavirus infection in humans Clinical virology and pathogenesis Expression of elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in SARS-CoV-infected ACE2+ cells in SARS patients: Relation to the acute lung injury and pathogenesis of SARS Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus. Epidemic Update and Risk Assessment of 2019 Novel Coronavirus Return of the Coronavirus: 2019-nCoV. Viruses Clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, and treatment outcomes of SARS patients Middle East respiratory syndrome: Emergence of a pathogenic human coronavirus Diagnosis and Treatment of Pneumonia Caused by 2019-nCoV (Trial Version 4) Pulmonary rehabilitation guidelines in the principle of 4S for patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Incubation periods of acute respiratory viral infections: A systematic review Multiple contact dates and SARS incubation periods A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China A novel coronavirus outbreak of global health concern The severe acute respiratory syndrome The epidemiology of severe acute respiratory syndrome in the 2003 Hong Kong epidemic: An analysis of all 1755 patients Infectious Disease Expert Li Lanjuan Responded to Six Questions of 2019-nCoV Early Transmission Dynamics in Wuhan, China, of Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: A descriptive study Press Conference of the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China on 3 Intraspecies diversity of SARS-like coronaviruses in Rhinolophus sinicus and its implications for the origin of SARS coronaviruses in humans Novel coronavirus: From discovery to clinical diagnostics SARS-CoV infection in a restaurant from palm civet Discovery of a novel coronavirus associated with the recent pneumonia outbreak in humans and its potential bat origin Host and infectivity prediction of Wuhan 2019 novel coronavirus using deep learning algorithm Homologous recombination within the spike glycoprotein of the newly identified coronavirus may boost cross-species transmission from snake to human Pangolin May Be a Potential Intermediate Host of New Coronavirus.
    keywords: cases; china; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; covid-19; disease; human; mers; patients; pneumonia; protein; sars; severe
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        item: #4362 of 5187
          id: cord-338979-ew046wcr
      author: Jasti, Madhu
       title: A review of pathophysiology and neuropsychiatric manifestations of COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-03
       words: 2979
      flesch: 39
     summary: Presenting as acute ST elevation myocardial infarction Neurologic manifestations of hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in Wuhan, China Smell dysfunction: a biomarker for COVID-19 Evidence of the COVID-19 virus targeting the CNS: tissue distribution, hostvirus interaction, and proposed neurotropic mechanisms High expression of ACE2 receptor of 2019-nCoV on the epithelial cells of oral mucosa The neuroinvasive potential of SARS-CoV2 may play a role in the respiratory failure of COVID-19 patients National Health Commission of the People′s Republic of China. Losses of smell and taste have been strongly linked to COVID-19 infections [12] .
    keywords: acute; brain; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; patients; sars; system
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        item: #4363 of 5187
          id: cord-338980-pygykil7
      author: Rahaman, Jordon
       title: Avoiding Regions Symptomatic of Conformational and Functional Flexibility to Identify Antiviral Targets in Current and Future Coronaviruses
        date: 2016-11-09
       words: 5807
      flesch: 45
     summary: (C) NSP14, based on PDB id 5C8T A computationally optimized broadly reactive antigen (COBRA) based H5N1 VLP vaccine elicits broadly reactive antibodies in mice and ferrets Computationally optimized antigens to overcome influenza viral diversity Rapid evolution of virus sequences in intrinsically disordered protein regions Molecular pathology of emerging coronavirus infections MRBAYES: Bayesian inference of phylogenetic trees ETE 3: Reconstruction, analysis, and visualization of phylogenomic data Virus taxonomy: classification and nomenclature of viruses: Ninth Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses The rapid generation of mutation data matrices from protein sequences MAFFT: a novel method for rapid multiple sequence alignment based on fast Fourier transform Minimization of genetic distances by the consensus, ancestral, and center-of-tree (COT) sequences for HIV-1 variants within an infected individual and the design of reagents to test immune reactivity Discovery of an essential nucleotidylating activity associated with a newly delineated conserved domain in the RNA polymerase-containing protein of all nidoviruses Bayesian model of protein primary sequence for secondary structure prediction Bat-to-human: spike features determining 'host jump' of coronaviruses SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and beyond Structural basis and functional analysis of the SARS coronavirus nsp14-nsp10 complex Comparison of site-specific rate-inference methods for protein sequences: empirical Bayesian methods are superior An evaluation of phylogenetic methods for reconstructing transmitted HIV variants using longitudinal clonal HIV sequence data The PSIPRED protein structure prediction server Metagenomics and future perspectives in virus discovery Rapid evolutionary dynamics of structural disorder as a potential driving force for biological divergence in flaviviruses Marked variability in the extent of protein disorder within and between viral families Cross host transmission in the emergence of MERS coronavirus MrBayes 3: Bayesian phylogenetic inference under mixed models Exploring the viral world through metagenomics The evolution of protein structures and structural Ensembles under functional constraint The challenge of protein structure determination-lessons from structural genomics Cross-host evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in palm civet and human Epidemiology, genetic recombination, and pathogenesis of coronaviruses Genomic characterization of a newly discovered coronavirus associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome in humans The DISOPRED server for the prediction of protein disorder Genetic relatedness of the novel human group C betacoronavirus to Tylonycteris bat coronavirus HKU4 and Pipistrellus bat coronavirus HKU5 World Health Organization. Protein sequences were identified by individual BLAST searches with MERS-CoV (Taxonomy ID: 1335626) proteins ORF1ab (YP_009047202.1; polyprotein), S protein (YP_009047204.1), M protein (YP_009047210.1), E protein (YP_009047209.1), and N protein (YP_009047211.1) against coronaviruses.
    keywords: coronaviruses; cov; disorder; et al; mers; protein; regions; sequence; sites; structure
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        item: #4364 of 5187
          id: cord-339009-wcoch07b
      author: File, Thomas M.
       title: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome: Pertinent Clinical Characteristics and Therapy
        date: 2012-08-23
       words: 6029
      flesch: 43
     summary: The majority of cases have been reported among healthcare providers and family members of SARS patients. All staff entering these infected and 13 infected healthcare providers who had documentrestricted areas follow strict and stepwise 'gowning' and 'degowned contacts with SARS patients (table V) .
    keywords: acute; cases; coronavirus; cov; days; disease; illness; onset; patients; sars; syndrome; transmission
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        item: #4365 of 5187
          id: cord-339012-4juhmjaj
      author: Hou, Wei
       title: Rapid host response to an infection with Coronavirus. Study of transcriptional responses with Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus
        date: 2020-07-28
       words: 6784
      flesch: 39
     summary: Differential expressed genes (DEGs) in PEDV infected cells were compared to DEGs responding in Vero cells infected with Mammalian Orthoreovirus (MRV). A decrease in CT-values for PEDV was not observed before 6 h post inoculation (6 h.p.i), indicating that replication in PEDV infected cells started later than was observed for MRV (at 4 h.p.i).
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; cov-2; degs; expression; file; genes; infection; mrv; pedv; processes; response; sars; vero; virus
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        item: #4366 of 5187
          id: cord-339019-vgnxhksv
      author: Lee, Ting-Wai
       title: Crystal Structures Reveal an Induced-fit Binding of a Substrate-like Aza-peptide Epoxide to SARS Coronavirus Main Peptidase
        date: 2007-02-23
       words: 8463
      flesch: 49
     summary: The induced-fit binding of the APE to M +A(-1) pro probably is driven by the formation of the covalent bond between the Cys145 S γ atom of M +A(-1) pro Using this clone, M pro was over-expressed and purified essentially as described for M +A (-1) pro .
    keywords: ape; atom; cov m; pro; protomer; sars; specificity; structure
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        item: #4367 of 5187
          id: cord-339077-pxf2u68u
      author: Zerwes, Sebastian
       title: Erhöhtes Risiko für tiefe Beinvenenthrombosen bei Intensivpatienten mit CoViD-19-Infektion? – Erste Daten
        date: 2020-06-05
       words: 1576
      flesch: 36
     summary: The incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in CoViD-19 patients in intensive care units (ICU) has so far been investigated in only a few studies. In addition, the aim was to investigate what type of anticoagulation was present in CoViD-19 patients at the time the DVT occurred and to what extent DVT is associated with increased mortality in this patient population.
    keywords: bei; cov2; covid-19; der; die; dvt; einer; patienten; patients; sars; tvt; und
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        item: #4368 of 5187
          id: cord-339093-mwxkvwaz
      author: Li, Wei
       title: High potency of a bivalent human VH domain in SARS-CoV-2 animal models
        date: 2020-09-04
       words: 11471
      flesch: 51
     summary: V H ab8 antibody was identified by panning of the phage library. Single antibody domains (sAbd), e.g., camelid V H H (15 kDa) exhibit strong antigen binding and high stability (Harmsen and De Haard, 2007) .
    keywords: ab8; ace2; antibodies; antibody; binding; cells; cov-2; et al; figure; human; igg1; infection; neutralization; protein; rbd; sars; v h; viral; virus
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        item: #4369 of 5187
          id: cord-339128-npfoircv
      author: Blair, Robert V.
       title: Acute Respiratory Distress in Aged, SARS-CoV-2 Infected African Green Monkeys but not Rhesus Macaques
        date: 2020-11-07
       words: 3101
      flesch: 39
     summary: However, a small subset progress to develop severe respiratory disease which, in some cases, is fatal 1 . Animal models of SARS-CoV-2 infection that manifest severe disease are needed to investigate the pathogenesis of COVID-19 induced ARDS and evaluate therapeutic strategies.
    keywords: agms; animals; ards; covid-19; disease; infection; sars
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        item: #4370 of 5187
          id: cord-339152-wfakzb6w
      author: Trovato, Maria
       title: Viral Emerging Diseases: Challenges in Developing Vaccination Strategies
        date: 2020-09-03
       words: 12011
      flesch: 23
     summary: United States patent US 20120141520 Advanced oxidation technology for the development of a next-generation inactivated West Nile virus vaccine Replication-defective West Nile virus with NS1 deletion as a new vaccine platform for flavivirus Zika virus associated with microcephaly A single-dose live-attenuated vaccine prevents Zika virus pregnancy transmission and testis damage A live-attenuated Zika virus vaccine candidate induces sterilizing immunity in mouse models A vaccine based on a modified vaccinia virus Ankara vector expressing Zika virus structural proteins controls Zika virus replication in mice Construction and evaluation of novel rhesus monkey adenovirus vaccine vectors Protective efficacy of multiple vaccine platforms against Zika virus challenge in rhesus monkeys Preventative vaccines for Zika virus outbreak: preliminary evaluation Recent advances in Zika virus vaccines Safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of two Zika virus DNA vaccine candidates in healthy adults: randomised, open-label, phase 1 clinical trials Comparison of the virulent Asibi strain of yellow fever virus with the 17D vaccine strain derived from it Live attenuated yellow fever 17D vaccine: a legacy vaccine still controlling outbreaks in modern day Development of Sanofi Pasteur tetravalent dengue vaccine From research to phase III: preclinical, industrial and clinical development of the Sanofi Pasteur tetravalent dengue vaccine Pathogenesis of dengue: challenges to molecular biology Antibody-dependent enhancement of severe dengue disease in humans Dengue: status of current and under-development vaccines Immunogenicity, safety, and tolerability of the measles-vectored chikungunya virus vaccine MV-CHIK: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled and active-controlled phase 2 trial Recent progress in vaccine development against Chikungunya virus Effective vaccine for lassa fever Vaccine platforms for the prevention of Lassa fever Vaccines inducing immunity to Lassa virus glycoprotein and nucleoprotein protect macaques after a single shot Isolation of marburg-like virus from a case of haemorrhagic fever in Zaire Vaccines against Ebola virus A review of Phase I trials of Ebola virus vaccines: what can we learn from the race to develop novel vaccines Viruslike particle vaccination protects nonhuman primates from lethal aerosol exposure with marburgvirus (VLP Vaccination Protects Macaques against Aerosol Challenges) Studies for the development of a safer vaccine are still ongoing, and candidate vaccines include a tetravalent Dengue purified inactivated virus vaccine, currently in phase I/II clinical trial (NCT02421367), and two live attenuated tetravalent chimeric TDV (DENVax), and
    keywords: antibodies; antibody; cell; coronavirus; cov-2; dengue; development; diseases; human; immunity; infection; influenza; mers; new; outbreak; protein; receptor; recombinant; responses; sars; vaccination; vaccine; vector; virus; viruses
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        item: #4371 of 5187
          id: cord-339172-210dwhgj
      author: Knoops, Kèvin
       title: SARS-Coronavirus Replication Is Supported by a Reticulovesicular Network of Modified Endoplasmic Reticulum
        date: 2008-09-16
       words: 9958
      flesch: 39
     summary: For MHV, based on IF microscopy studies using the nsp13 helicase and viral membrane (M) protein as markers for RTCs and virus assembly sites [21] , respectively, such a connection was previously proposed [54] , but could not be corroborated in our studies using the same protein markers in SARS-CoV-infected cells [28] . Alternatively, the conspicuous absence of ribosomes from DMV inner membranes lends some credibility to a scenario involving a preformed inner vesicle derived from another membrane source.
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; cov; dmvs; dsrna; figure; inner; membrane; outer; replicase; replication; rna; sars; structures; synthesis; vesicles; virus
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        item: #4372 of 5187
          id: cord-339241-e2nl766y
      author: Turriziani, Ombretta
       title: SARS‐CoV‐2 diagnostics in the virology laboratory of a University Hospital in Rome during the lockdown period
        date: 2020-08-02
       words: 1293
      flesch: 40
     summary: All these clinical conditions appear to be involved in the worsening of COVID-19 infection outcomes in elderly people, especially in males. [27] [28] [29] Nowadays, the proportion of subclinical infections is unknown and should be derived from future serological studies.
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; infection; patients
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        item: #4373 of 5187
          id: cord-339271-t7cxqkp1
      author: Pan, Yanfeng
       title: Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 26 asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 carriers
        date: 2020-04-22
       words: 3285
      flesch: 50
     summary: The study found that asymptomatic cases were mostly infected by symptomatic patients and a few were infected by asymptomatic patients. In asymptomatic patients, changes in biochemical and inflammatory variables are small and changes on chest CT can occur.
    keywords: asymptomatic; cov-2; covid-19; days; patients; sars
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        item: #4374 of 5187
          id: cord-339303-feiy6xed
      author: Tan, Xiaodong
       title: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome epidemic and change of people's health behavior in China
        date: 2004-10-17
       words: 1735
      flesch: 51
     summary: Three multiple-choice questions about SARS knowledge addressed the nature of transmission (whether it was infectious and the route of transmission) and the clinical symptoms. The adoption of these measures, due to the initially unclear nature of SARS transmission, actually increased panic among the Chinese people who began wearing masks, reducing the chances of outdoor activities, disinfecting the environment and washing their hands.
    keywords: health; people; sars; syndrome
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        item: #4375 of 5187
          id: cord-339329-8yvre7qc
      author: Kumar, Prashant
       title: Could fighting airborne transmission be the next line of defence against COVID-19 spread?
        date: 2020-05-23
       words: 1012
      flesch: 43
     summary: key: cord-339329-8yvre7qc authors: Kumar, Prashant; Morawska, Lidia title: Could fighting airborne transmission be the next line of defence against COVID-19 spread? date: 2020-05-23 journal: nan DOI: 10.1016/j.cacint.2020.100033 sha: doc_id: 339329 cord_uid: 8yvre7qc While these measures have worked well under lockdowns, the potential of airborne transmission of COVID-19 under the eased restrictions has not been considered important enough.
    keywords: covid-19; transmission
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        item: #4376 of 5187
          id: cord-339344-qd73h1ie
      author: Simon, David
       title: Patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases receiving cytokine inhibitors have low prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 seroconversion
        date: 2020-07-24
       words: 4097
      flesch: 35
     summary: Therapeutic interventions for IMIDs target inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-17 that are both involved in the physiological and pathological host response elicited by SARS-CoV-2 4 . Two recent studies reported that development of a more pronounced anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG response is linked to more severe disease, suggesting inflammatory responses as important triggers for priming adaptive immunity against SARS-CoV-2 14, 15 .
    keywords: control; cov-2; covid-19; cytokine; igg; imid; infection; inhibitors; patients; risk; sars
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        item: #4377 of 5187
          id: cord-339352-c9uh8vjx
      author: Islam, Muhammad Torequl
       title: Environmental Integrants Affecting the Spreadability of SARS-CoV-12
        date: 2020-07-28
       words: 775
      flesch: 42
     summary: Moreover, medicinal plants or their derivatives are also evident to act against SARS-CoV-2 (Aanouz et al. 2020; Islam et al. 2020) . The SARS-CoV-2 can be inactivated completely using common fixatives used in laboratory, ultraviolet light, alkaline (pH > 12) or acidic (pH < 3) conditions (Darnell et al. 2004) .
    keywords: cov-2; sars
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        item: #4378 of 5187
          id: cord-339381-vvh06d2c
      author: Han, Deheng
       title: SARS‐CoV‐2 was found in the bile juice from a patient with severe COVID‐19
        date: 2020-06-12
       words: 969
      flesch: 49
     summary: It is known that bile juice is secreted by liver cells and biliary tract cells, which promote the digestion of fat and absorption of fat-soluble vitamins. And we speculate that SARS-CoV-2 detected in fecal specimens may, at least partly, originate from bile juice.
    keywords: bile; cov-2; patient
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        item: #4379 of 5187
          id: cord-339386-sxyeuiw1
      author: McIntosh, Kenneth
       title: 157 Coronaviruses, Including Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)
        date: 2015-12-31
       words: 8508
      flesch: 39
     summary: Berlin Diarrhea/Wasting Syndrome Study Group Coronaviruslike particles and other agents in the faeces of children in Efate, Vanuatu Coronavirus-like particles in adults in Melbourne, Australia Coronaviruslike particles in human gastrointestinal disease: epidemiologic, clinical, and laboratory observations An eight-year study of the viral agents of acute gastroenteritis in humans: ultrastructural observations and seasonal distribution with a major emphasis on coronavirus-like particles Isolation and characterization of current human coronavirus strains in primary human epithelia cultures reveals differences in target cell tropism Ultrastructure of human nasal epithelium during an episode of coronavirus infection Signs and symptoms in common colds Epidemiological determinants of spread of causal agent of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Haematological manifestations in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome: retrospective analysis Clinical progression and viral load in a community outbreak of coronavirusassociated SARS pneumonia: a prospective study Detection of SARS-CoV RNA in stool samples of SARS patients by nest RT-PCR and its clinical value A major outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Lung pathology of fatal severe acute respiratory syndrome The clinical pathology of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): a report from China Multiple organ infection and the pathogenesis of SARS Time course and cellular localization of SARS-CoV nucleoprotein and RNA in lungs from fatal cases of SARS Antigenic relationships amongst coronaviruses A case-control study of acute respiratory tract infection in general practice patients in The Netherlands Role of respiratory viruses in acute upper and lower respiratory tract illness in the first year of life: a birth cohort study Coronavirus infection in acute lower respiratory tract disease of infants Genetic variability of human coronavirus OC43-, 229E-, and NL63-like strains and their association with lower respiratory tract infections of hospitalized infants and immunocompromised patients The association of viral and bacterial respiratory infections with exacerbations of wheezing in young asthmatic children Recurrent wheezy bronchitis and viral respiratory infections Detection of rhinovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, and coronavirus infections in acute otitis media by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction Coronavirus infections in military recruits: three-year study with coronavirus strains OC43 and 229E Respiratory viruses and exacerbations of asthma in adults Pan-viral screening of respiratory tract infections in adults with and without asthma reveals unexpected human coronavirus and human rhinovirus diversity Rhinovirus and coronavirus infection-associated hospitalizations among older adults A prospective, community-based study on virologic assessment among elderly people with and without symptoms of acute respiratory infection Coronavirus 229E-related pneumonia in immunocompromised patients Clinical impact of community-acquired respiratory viruses on bronchiolitis obliterans after lung transplant Clinical impact of human coronaviruses 229E and OC43 infection in diverse adult populations The United Kingdom public health response to an Dipeptidyl-peptidase IV from bench to bedside: an update on structural properties, functions, and clinical aspects of the enzyme DPP IV World Health Organization. Experience in a regional hospital in Hong Kong Severe acute respiratory syndrome among children Severe acute respiratory syndrome: radiographic appearances and pattern of progression in 138 patients Imaging of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Severe acute respiratory syndrome: radiographic and CT findings Thin-section CT of severe acute respiratory syndrome: evaluation of 73 patients exposed to or with the disease Early enhanced expression of interferon-inducible protein-10 (CXCL-10) and other chemokines predicts adverse outcome in severe acute respiratory syndrome Interferon-mediated immunopathological events are associated with atypical innate and adaptive immune responses in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Critically ill patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Clinical presentations and outcome of severe acute respiratory syndrome in children Severe acute respiratory syndrome and pregnancy Viral discovery and sequence recovery using DNA microarrays Corona virus induced subacute demyelinating encephalomyelitis in rats: a morphological analysis Two coronaviruses isolated from central nervous system tissue of two multiple sclerosis patients Detection of coronavirus RNA and antigen in multiple sclerosis brain Human coronavirus gene expression in the brains of multiple sclerosis patients Long-term human coronavirus-myelin cross-reactive T-cell clones derived from multiple sclerosis patients Detection of coronavirus in the central nervous system of a child with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis Diagnosis of human coronavirus infection by immunofluorescence: method and application to respiratory disease in hospitalized children Surveillance of community-acquired viral infections due to respiratory viruses in Rhone-Alpes (France) during winter 1994 to 1995 Clinical disease in children associated with newly described coronavirus subtypes Detection of a novel human coronavirus by real-time reversetranscription polymerase chain reaction Development of a standard treatment protocol for severe acute respiratory syndrome Treatment and vaccines for severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS: systematic review of treatment effects Pegylated interferon-alpha protects type 1 pneumocytes against SARS coronavirus infection in macaques Efficient replication of the novel human betacoronavirus EMC on primary human epithelium highlights its zoonotic potential Human cell tropism and innate immune system interactions of human respiratory coronavirus EMC compared to those of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus The spike protein of SARS-CoVa target for vaccine and therapeutic development
    keywords: children; coronavirus; cov; covs; disease; hcov; human; infection; mers; oc43; patients; respiratory; sars; severe; syndrome; syndrome coronavirus; viruses
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        item: #4380 of 5187
          id: cord-339431-kyr5lv15
      author: Saçar Demirci, Müşerref Duygu
       title: Computational analysis of microRNA-mediated interactions in SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-03-17
       words: 2325
      flesch: 35
     summary: Since viruses would need to use at least some members of host miRNA biogenesis pathway elements, viral miRNAs should be similar to host miRNAs to a certain degree. For instance, through targeting specific human genes by viral miRNAs, it is possible to form an environment suitable for survival and replication of the virus.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; genes; human; mirnas; sars; virus
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        item: #4381 of 5187
          id: cord-339436-0k73tlna
      author: Giagulli, Vito Angelo
       title: Worse progression of COVID‐19 in men: Is Testosterone a key factor?
        date: 2020-06-11
       words: 7901
      flesch: 32
     summary: [116] These therapeutic aspects emphasized the concept that a blunted antibody response (particularly IgG) may precipitate a severe clinical course in COVID-19 patients. Circulation Endogenous sex hormones and the prospective association with cardiovascular disease and mortality in men: The Tromsø Study Cardiovascular Outcomes and All-cause Mortality Following Measurement of Endogenous Testosterone Levels Low serum testosterone and mortality in older men Fibrinolytic abnormalities in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and versatility of thrombolytic drugs to treat COVID-19 Thromboembolic risk and anticoagulant therapy in COVID-19 patients: Emerging evidence and call for action Venous thrombosis and arteriosclerosis obliterans of lower extremities in a very severe patient with 2019 novel coronavirus disease: a case report Effects of age, gender and menstrual cycle on platelet function assessed by impedance aggregometry Platelet activation status decreases after menopause Mean platelet volume in a patient with male hypogonadotropic hypogonadism: The relationship between low testosterone, metabolic syndrome, impaired fasting glucose and cardiovascular risk Endogenous testosterone, fibrinolysis, and coronary heart disease risk in hyperlipidemic men Relationship between sex hormones and haemostatic factors in healthy middle-aged men Coronavirus infections and immune responses SARS-CoV-2 and viral sepsis: observations and hypotheses Focus on Receptors for Coronaviruses with Special Reference to Angiotensin-converting Enzyme 2 as a Potential Drug Target -A Perspective.
    keywords: article; cells; cov-2; covid-19; hypogonadism; immune; levels; male; men; obesity; patients; prognosis; response; risk; sars; serum
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        item: #4382 of 5187
          id: cord-339459-z22a5yzo
      author: Mackey, Katherine
       title: Risks and Impact of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors or Angiotensin-Receptor Blockers on SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Adults: A Living Systematic Review
        date: 2020-05-15
       words: 4138
      flesch: 36
     summary: JAMA Cardiol Anti-hypertensive angiotensin II receptor blockers associated to mitigation of disease severity in elderly COVID-19 patients Renin-angiotensinaldosterone system blockers and the risk of covid-19 Cardiovascular disease, drug therapy, and mortality in covid-19 Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors improve the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients with hypertension Covid-19 testing, hospital admission, and intensive care among 2,026,227 United States veterans aged 54-75 years Renin-angiotensinaldosterone system inhibitors and risk of covid-19 Characteristics and outcomes of a cohort of SARS-CoV-2 patients in the province of Reggio Emilia Angiotensin II receptor blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors usage is associated with improved inflammatory status and clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients with hypertension Hypertension in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a single-center retrospective observational study Association of inpatient use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers with mortality among patients with hypertension hospitalized with COVID-19 COVID-19) Observational studies and trials in adults that examined associations and effects of ACEIs or ARBs on risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease severity and mortality.
    keywords: acei; angiotensin; arb; cov-2; covid-19; patients; sars; studies; use
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        item: #4383 of 5187
          id: cord-339506-pkusvf82
      author: Zaki, N.
       title: The estimations of the COVID-19 incubation period: a systematic review of the literature
        date: 2020-05-23
       words: 5976
      flesch: 47
     summary: key: cord-339506-pkusvf82 authors: Zaki, N.; Mohamed, E. A. title: The estimations of the COVID-19 incubation period: a systematic review of the literature date: 2020-05-23 journal: nan DOI: 10.1101/2020.05.20.20108340 sha: doc_id: 339506 cord_uid: pkusvf82 Objective: to undertake a review and critical appraisal of all published/preprint reports that offer an estimation of incubation periods for novel coronavirus (COVID-19). Accurately estimating the length of incubation period is essential for effective contemporary public health measures to be taken [2] .
    keywords: covid-19; data; days; incubation; incubation period; patients; period; research; transmission
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        item: #4384 of 5187
          id: cord-339508-nf6ov39g
      author: Weil, Ana A.
       title: Cross-Sectional Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Among Skilled Nursing Facility Employees and Residents Across Facilities in Seattle
        date: 2020-09-01
       words: 3737
      flesch: 44
     summary: The first testing strategy was directed by Public Health of Seattle & King County (PHSKC) and focused on SNF resident testing with employee testing offered at select sites. Employee testing by SFS was designed to coincide with resident testing done by PHSKC when possible.
    keywords: care; cov-2; covid-19; employees; facilities; residents; sars; snfs; study; testing
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        item: #4385 of 5187
          id: cord-339514-0aa58pi6
      author: Ho, Yu
       title: Assembly of human severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-like particles
        date: 2004-06-11
       words: 2666
      flesch: 46
     summary: The antiserum used to probe S protein was developed by immunizing rabbits with the amino acid fragment 510-1195 of spike protein (a gift from Dr. Pei-Jer Chen, Graduate School of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University), whereas those used to probe E protein were raised by immunizing rabbits with synthetic oligopeptides (LVKPTVYV YSRVKNL, C-terminal of E protein, Genesis Biotech). [15] [16] , the demonstration that E and M proteins are sufficient for the assembly of SARS CoV-like particles, and these virus-like particles (VLPs) can further incorporate S proteins are still imperative knowledge and technology for rational strategy (ex. vaccine development) to combat this deadly virus.
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; particles; protein; sars; virus; vlps
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        item: #4386 of 5187
          id: cord-339516-xfwxtjry
      author: Nakashima, Tsutomu
       title: Olfactory and gustatory dysfunction caused by SARS-CoV-2: Comparison with cases of infection with influenza and other viruses
        date: 2020-05-05
       words: 694
      flesch: 40
     summary: Postviral infection olfactory dysfunction was more common in women and elderly people. Suzuki et al 8 confirmed the presence of various viruses in the nasal discharge of patients with postviral infection olfactory dysfunction, such as rhinovirus, parainfluenza virus, Epstein-Barr virus, and coronavirus.
    keywords: dysfunction; olfactory
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        item: #4387 of 5187
          id: cord-339521-qfnu319w
      author: Lin, Shiming
       title: Surface ultrastructure of SARS coronavirus revealed by atomic force microscopy
        date: 2005-08-08
       words: 3657
      flesch: 51
     summary: The atomic force microscopy (AFM) (Binning and Quate, 1986) , one of the scanning probe microscopy (Binning et al ., 1982) , has proved useful to investigate the topography of viral surfaces (Kuznetsov et al ., 2002; 2005; Malkin et al ., 2003; Nettikadan et al. , 2003 , Hughes et al ., 2004 Negishi et al ., 2004) , because AFM images can reveal structural details with unprecedented resolution. key: cord-339521-qfnu319w authors: Lin, Shiming; Lee, Chih‐Kung; Lee, Shih‐Yuan; Kao, Chuan‐Liang; Lin, Chii‐Wann; Wang, An‐Bang; Hsu, Su‐Ming; Huang, Long‐Sun title: Surface ultrastructure of SARS coronavirus revealed by atomic force microscopy date: 2005-08-08 journal: Cell Microbiol DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2005.00593.x sha: doc_id: 339521 cord_uid: qfnu319w Atomic force microscopy has been used to probe the surface nanostructures of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS‐CoV).
    keywords: cov; fig; particles; proteins; sars; surface
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        item: #4388 of 5187
          id: cord-339524-r0a6a1jw
      author: Islam, M. T.
       title: A rapid and cost-effective multiplex ARMS-PCR method for the simultaneous genotyping of the circulating SARS-CoV-2 phylogenetic clades
        date: 2020-10-13
       words: 2520
      flesch: 54
     summary: The amplicons were simultaneously distinguished by their 149 molecular weight (bp) in multiplex PCR in different combinations. Thus, our method can overcome a serious limitation to 305 effectively identify viral clades with a prospective broader application.
    keywords: author; funder; medrxiv; october; preprint; review
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        item: #4389 of 5187
          id: cord-339558-li65qvq9
      author: Rana, Rashmi
       title: A comprehensive overview of proteomics approach for COVID 19: new perspectives in target therapy strategies
        date: 2020-11-02
       words: 5943
      flesch: 35
     summary: They also developed a computer algorithm that uses multiple classifiers to predict samples from SARS patients and used to predict 206 sera from Chinese fever patients. This protein marker is observed to be elevated in SARS patients as compared to healthy individuals (Yi 2004) .
    keywords: analysis; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; et al; human; mass; patients; protein; proteomics; sars; spectrometry; study
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        item: #4390 of 5187
          id: cord-339568-th2xmhb6
      author: Yan, Meitian
       title: Analysis of the diagnostic value of serum specific antibody testing for coronavirus disease 2019
        date: 2020-06-27
       words: 1870
      flesch: 47
     summary: sex, comorbidity status, symptoms, and severity of illness IgG antibody levels in compared groups varied as follows: significantly higher in males than females, 10.75 S/co(IQR23.79) and 6.82 S/co(IQR17.48), respectively; significantly higher in patients with comorbidity than patients without, 9.84 S/co(IQR23.53) and 6.58 S/co(IQR17.89), respectively; significantly higher in symptomatic patients than asymptomatic patients, 8 .48 S/co(IQR20.70) and 2.96 S/co(IQR12.48), respectively; significantly higher in the severe patient group than non-severe patient group, 11.05 S/co(IQR24.65) and 7.04 S/co(IQR18.50), respectively. On admission, the positive rate of IgG antibodies in non-severe patients was significantly higher than that in severe patients (p < 0.05).
    keywords: antibodies; coronavirus; igg; patients; sars
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        item: #4391 of 5187
          id: cord-339570-vf79fefg
      author: Jain, Vidhi
       title: Implications of SARS CoV-2 positivity in amniotic membranes for ophthalmologists
        date: 2020-06-22
       words: 353
      flesch: 41
     summary: key: cord-339570-vf79fefg authors: Jain, Vidhi; Kanchan, Tanuj title: Implications of SARS CoV-2 positivity in amniotic membranes for ophthalmologists date: 2020-06-22 journal: Eye (Lond) DOI: 10.1038/s41433-020-1051-5 sha: doc_id: 339570 cord_uid: vf79fefg nan Amniotic membranes cryopreserved during this period (January 2020 onwards), from asymptomatic donors must be confirmed to be free of this infection before being used to treat immunocompromised patients like those of Steven Johnson syndrome etc.
    keywords: covid-19; membrane
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        item: #4392 of 5187
          id: cord-339576-0d6sa9pe
      author: Guallar, María Pilar
       title: Inoculum at the time of SARS-CoV-2 exposure and risk of disease severity
        date: 2020-06-14
       words: 1381
      flesch: 48
     summary: For COVID-19, high viral loads either in saliva, respiratory secretions or blood have been associated with more severe illness [3, 4] . A relationship between the infecting dose and the risk of disease severity has been demonstrated for several viral infections, including influenza and SARS [1, 2] .
    keywords: cluster; covid-19; exposure; sars
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        item: #4393 of 5187
          id: cord-339625-ucfjo73c
      author: Qiu, Xiang
       title: Calreticulin as a hydrophilic chimeric molecular adjuvant enhances IgG responses to the spike protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus
        date: 2012-07-26
       words: 3619
      flesch: 45
     summary: Expression and purification of recombinant proteins was essentially the same as previously described (10, 12) . Furthermore, the fusion protein, but not rS450–650 alone, was able to elicit S450–650‐specific IgG responses in T cell deficient nude mice.
    keywords: calreticulin; cells; crt; fusion; igg; mice; protein; rcrt/39; rs450; sars
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        item: #4394 of 5187
          id: cord-339665-nwwutduy
      author: Patel, Ami
       title: Intradermal-delivered DNA vaccine provides anamnestic protection in a rhesus macaque SARS-CoV-2 challenge model
        date: 2020-07-29
       words: 5279
      flesch: 44
     summary: This vaccine candidate induced neutralizing and ACE2-blocking antibodies, as well as T cell responses in mice and guinea pigs. This anamnestic response was characterized by expansion of neutralizing antibody responses, including those against the now dominantly circulating G614 variant, as well as the rapid expansion of T cell responses.
    keywords: animals; cells; challenge; cov-2; covid-19; et al; ino-4800; protein; responses; sars; spike; vaccine
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        item: #4395 of 5187
          id: cord-339669-p61j2caf
      author: Monzani, Alice
       title: QTc evaluation in COVID‐19 patients treated with chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine
        date: 2020-05-18
       words: 1249
      flesch: 33
     summary: The pathogen was originally called 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) and later named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-nCoV-2) by the World Health Organization (WHO). The pathogen was originally called 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) and later named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-nCoV-2) by the World Health Organization (WHO).
    keywords: coronavirus; patients; sars; syndrome
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        item: #4396 of 5187
          id: cord-339670-lq46nj8j
      author: Takahashi, Nozomi
       title: Clinical course of a critically ill patient with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
        date: 2020-06-16
       words: 1752
      flesch: 40
     summary: Upon ICU admission (day 10 from admission, ICU day 1), atelectasis in the dorsal side of the lung was noted in the chest CT (Fig. 1b , Supplemental Figure E2 and E3), while no apparent purulent sputum was observed by bronchoscopy, and presented no evidence of bacterial infection in the gram stain and culture. Interferon beta-1b subcutaneous injection was initiated immediately to enhance anti-viral therapy, and favipiravir on ICU day 10 upon availability.
    keywords: day; ecmo; icu; organ; sars
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        item: #4397 of 5187
          id: cord-339686-oybnk1j8
      author: Suassuna, José Hermógenes Rocco
       title: Technical note and clinical instructions for Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in patients with Covid-19: Brazilian Society of Nephrology and Brazilian Association of Intensive Care Medicine
        date: 2020-08-26
       words: 5774
      flesch: 37
     summary: These data did not suggest a higher incidence of AKI in patients with Covid-19 when compared to other patients with the same severity profile 17 . For this reason, there was an initial recommendation to restrict the entry of nephrologists and dialysis nurses in the cohorts allocated Covid-19 patients.
    keywords: acute; aki; care; cases; clinical; cov-2; covid-19; dialysis; injury; kidney; patients; renal; risk; rrt; sars
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        item: #4398 of 5187
          id: cord-339701-j0sr3ifq
      author: Mikami, Takahisa
       title: Risk Factors for Mortality in Patients with COVID-19 in New York City
        date: 2020-06-30
       words: 3409
      flesch: 38
     summary: Compared with that of ambulatory patients, a higher proportion of hospitalized patients were older, were male, or had a history of cigarette use. A multicenter retrospective cohort study of patients with COVID-19 patients was conducted using the medical records of the Mount Sinai Health System, a large urban health system of 8 hospitals and more than four hundred ambulatory practices in the New York City metropolitan area.
    keywords: covid-19; hydroxychloroquine; mortality; non; patients; risk; study; survivors
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        item: #4399 of 5187
          id: cord-339709-49q2xxkw
      author: sermet, i.
       title: Prior infection by seasonal coronaviruses does not prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection and associated Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in children
        date: 2020-06-30
       words: 4756
      flesch: 49
     summary: A majority of MIS children (25/36) were SARS-CoV-2 seropositive, of which all tested (n=15) had neutralizing antibodies. Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Children -United States SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children Epidemiology of COVID-19 Among Children in China Characteristics of and Important Lessons From the Coronavirus Disease 389 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak in China:
    keywords: children; cov-2; hos; infection; mis; patients; preprint; sars
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        item: #4400 of 5187
          id: cord-339711-f7xifne8
      author: Bal, A.
       title: Evaluation of high-throughput SARS-CoV-2 serological assays in a longitudinal cohort of mild COVID-19 patients: sensitivity, specificity and association with virus neutralization test
        date: 2020-09-30
       words: 2747
      flesch: 43
     summary: Neutralizing antibodies correlate with protection from SARS-CoV-2 in humans during a 335 fishery vessel outbreak with high attack rate SARS-CoV-2 T cell immunity: Specificity, function, 338 durability, and role in protection A systematic review of antibody mediated immunity to coronaviruses: kinetics, 342 correlates of protection, and association with severity An evaluation of COVID-19 serological assays informs future diagnostics and 346 exposure assessment 349 Association between SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies and commercial serological 350 assays Neutralizing Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and Other 352 Human Coronaviruses A pneumonia outbreak 355 associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Assessment of Serological Techniques for Screening Patients 358 Regarding COVID-19 (COVID-SER): a prospective multicentric study A longitudinal study 361 of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients shows high correlation between neutralizing 362 antibodies and COVID-19 severity Human neutralizing antibodies elicited 365 by SARS-CoV-2 infection A SARS-CoV-2 surrogate 368 virus neutralization test based on antibody-mediated blockage of ACE2-spike protein-369 protein interaction Coronaviruses pandemics: Can neutralizing antibodies 372 help? Perspectives on the development of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing and cross-reacting antibodies: 376 implications for immunotherapy and SARS-CoV-2 vaccine development 379 Differences in antibody kinetics and functionality between severe and mild SARS-CoV-380 2 infections Establishment and validation of a 382 pseudovirus neutralization assay for SARS-CoV-2 A SARS-CoV-2 385 serological assay to determine the presence of blocking antibodies that compete for 386 human ACE2 binding 109 The VNT used for the detection and titration of neutralizing antibodies was performed as 110 previously described [17] .
    keywords: antibodies; assay; license; preprint; sars
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        item: #4401 of 5187
          id: cord-339720-d1stzy8w
      author: Zhao, Yuan
       title: Susceptibility of tree shrew to SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-04-30
       words: 2579
      flesch: 53
     summary: key: cord-339720-d1stzy8w authors: Zhao, Yuan; Wang, Junbin; Kuang, Dexuan; Xu, Jingwen; Yang, Mengli; Ma, Chunxia; Zhao, Siwen; Li, Jingmei; Long, Haiting; Ding, Kaiyun; Gao, Jiahong; Liu, Jiansheng; Wang, Haixuan; Li, Haiyan; Yang, Yun; Yu, Wenhai; Yang, Jing; Zheng, Yinqiu; Wu, Daoju; Lu, Shuaiyao; Liu, Hongqi; Peng, Xiaozhong title: Susceptibility of tree shrew to SARS-CoV-2 infection date: 2020-04-30 journal: bioRxiv DOI: 10.1101/2020.04.30.029736 sha: doc_id: 339720 cord_uid: d1stzy8w Since SARS-CoV-2 became a pandemic event in the world, it has not only caused huge economic losses, but also a serious threat to global public health. No clinical signs were observed in SARS-CoV-2 inoculated tree shrews during this experiment except the increasing body temperature (above 39° C) particular in female animals during infection.
    keywords: cov-2; infection; sars; shrews; tree; virus
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        item: #4402 of 5187
          id: cord-339726-eg0hajzl
      author: Jamrozik, Euzebiusz
       title: Coronavirus Human Infection Challenge Studies: Assessing Potential Benefits and Risks
        date: 2020-08-25
       words: 3648
      flesch: 24
     summary: Modelling will be particularly useful in (i) comparing potential benefits and risks of HCS with those of vaccine field trials under different epidemiological conditions and (ii) estimating marginal risks to HCS participants in light of the background probabilities of infection in their local community. Vaccine field trials for SARS-CoV-2 might be more difficult (and onerous) than usual because of requirements for intensive testing for asymptomatic infection among participants, although study designs incorporating such testing have been proposed (Kahn et al. 2019) .
    keywords: challenge; field; hcs; infection; studies; vaccine
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        item: #4403 of 5187
          id: cord-339727-q8pjwl3s
      author: Sahu, Kamal Kant
       title: Mesenchymal Stem Cells in COVID-19: A Journey from Bench to Bedside
        date: 2020-07-30
       words: 3331
      flesch: 40
     summary: Pictorial description of the source of stem cells, and impact of mesenchymal stem cells. LM Current perspective on pandemic of COVID-19 in the United States A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China Preventive and treatment strategies of COVID-19: from community to clinical trials Coronavirus update (Live): 6,102,522 cases and 369,127 deaths from COVID-19 virus pandemic -worldometer website updated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines: status report Novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19): a case report and review of treatments Cell-based therapy to reduce mortality from COVID-19: Systematic review and meta-analysis of human studies on acute respiratory distress syndrome Immunomodulation by Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs): mechanisms of action of living, apoptotic, and dead MSCs Convalescent plasma therapy: a passive therapy for an aggressive COVID-19 Latest updates on COVID-2019: a changing paradigm shift Transplantation of ACE2-mesenchymal stem cells improves the outcome of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for COVID-19: present or future Mesenchymal stem cells and management of COVID-19 pneumonia Mesenchymal stem cells as a potential therapy for COVID-19 Mesenchymal stem cells as therapeutics Expanded umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) as a therapeutic strategy in managing critically ill COVID-19 patients: the case for compassionate use Stem cell therapy for preventing neonatal diseases in the 21st century: Current understanding and challenges Mesenchymal stem cells for coronavirus (COVID-19)-induced pneumonia: revisiting the paracrine hypothesis with new hopes? Mesenchymal stem cell infusion shows promise for combating coronavirus (COVID-19)-induced pneumonia Mesenchymal stem cells in tumor development: emerging roles and concepts Mesenchymal stem cells as regulators of carcinogenesis Clarifying stem-cell therapy's benefits and risks FDA warns about stem cell therapies | FDA.
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; covid-19; mesenchymal; mscs; patients; sars; stem; therapy
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        item: #4404 of 5187
          id: cord-339752-o6atz33c
      author: Xiao, Li
       title: ACE2: The Key Molecule for Understanding the Pathophysiology of Severe and Critical Conditions of COVID-19: Demon or Angel?
        date: 2020-04-28
       words: 3976
      flesch: 43
     summary: As SARS-CoV-2 reduces ACE2 expression, there is not enough ADAM17-shed circulating ACE2 against the Ang II signaling-induced inflammatory injuries, and inflammation is accelerated until the immune system is overwhelmed. As SARS-CoV-2 reduces ACE2 expression, there is not enough ADAM17-shed circulating ACE2 against the Ang II signaling-induced inflammatory injuries, and inflammation is accelerated until the immune system is overwhelmed.
    keywords: ace2; ang; ang-(1; angiotensin; covid-19; sars; tmprss2
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        item: #4405 of 5187
          id: cord-339762-lh8czr0a
      author: Ng, Dianna L.
       title: Clinicopathologic, Immunohistochemical, and Ultrastructural Findings of a Fatal Case of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection in the United Arab Emirates, April 2014
        date: 2016-03-31
       words: 3211
      flesch: 31
     summary: Lit Update Risk Assess 7 Epidemiological, demographic, and clinical characteristics of 47 cases of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus disease from Saudi Arabia: a descriptive study Albarrak AM: Clinical aspects and outcomes of 70 patients with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection: a single-center experience in Saudi Arabia Al Raiy B: Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 is a functional receptor for the emerging human coronavirus-EMC Evaluation of pigtail macaques as a model for the effects of copper intrauterine devices on HIV infection Pathology and pathogenesis of fatal Bordetella pertussis infection in infants Fullgenome deep sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of novel human betacoronavirus MRBAYES: Bayesian inference of phylogenetic trees Realtime reverse transcription-PCR assay panel for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Emerging human middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus causes widespread infection and alveolar damage in human lungs Kinetics and pattern of viral excretion in biological specimens of two MERS-CoV cases Clinical features and virological analysis of a case of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Time course and cellular localization of SARS-CoV nucleoprotein and RNA in lungs from fatal cases of SARS Tropism and replication of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus from dromedary camels in the human respiratory tract: an invitro and ex-vivo study Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus. Clinical management of severe acute respiratory infection when Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection is suspected.
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; cov; east; infection; mers; middle; pneumocytes; syndrome
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        item: #4406 of 5187
          id: cord-339772-q814d6l7
      author: Pach, Szymon
       title: ACE2-Variants Indicate Potential SARS-CoV-2-Susceptibility in Animals: An Extensive Molecular Dynamics Study
        date: 2020-05-14
       words: 3767
      flesch: 52
     summary: Similarly, the mutation H353K in rat and mouse ACE2 Bp A should result in a hydrogen bond network comparable to hamster protein and therefore enhancing the RBD binding. We compared ACE2 residues with direct contact to the RBD (distance of max.
    keywords: ace2; binding; cov-2; rat; rbd; residue; sars; species
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        item: #4407 of 5187
          id: cord-339782-rybjc58j
      author: Carmo, Anália
       title: Clearance and Persistence of SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA in COVID‐19 patients
        date: 2020-06-02
       words: 1846
      flesch: 43
     summary: The clearance and persistence of viral RNA was evaluated in two groups of positive patients: those who achieved two negative RT‐PCR tests and those who kept testing positive. The study evidenced that most patients tested positive for more than two weeks and that persistence of viral RNA is not necessarily associated with severe disease but may result from a weaker immune response instead.
    keywords: clearance; days; patients; rna; sars
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        item: #4408 of 5187
          id: cord-339786-elrzlbsg
      author: Gurala, Dhineshreddy
       title: Acute Liver Failure in a COVID-19 Patient Without any Preexisting Liver Disease
        date: 2020-08-26
       words: 2065
      flesch: 47
     summary: Our patient, who had no previous history of liver disease and normal liver enzymes at presentation, developed elevated liver enzyme levels on day 4. For example, the patient's home medication coumadin is a rare cause of acute liver injury and usually results in a cholestatic pattern rather than a hepatocellular one, which is what our patient demonstrated.
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; disease; failure; liver; sars
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        item: #4409 of 5187
          id: cord-339817-qqitdrz6
      author: Sousa Gonçalves, Catarina
       title: Erythematous Papular Rash: A Dermatological Feature of COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-10
       words: 874
      flesch: 37
     summary: We also highlight the critical importance of skin examination in COVID-19 patients. It is also worth highlighting the increasing number of reported COVID-19 cases with dermatological disease/manifestations.
    keywords: covid-19; manifestations; sars
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        item: #4410 of 5187
          id: cord-339859-anatn295
      author: Paret, Michal
       title: SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19) in febrile infants without respiratory distress
        date: 2020-04-17
       words: 1287
      flesch: 49
     summary: key: cord-339859-anatn295 authors: Paret, Michal; Lighter, Jennifer; Pellett Madan, Rebecca; Raabe, Vanessa N; Shust, Gail F; Ratner, Adam J title: SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19) in febrile infants without respiratory distress date: 2020-04-17 journal: Clin Infect Dis DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa452 sha: doc_id: 339859 cord_uid: anatn295 We report two cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19) in infants presenting with fever in the absence of respiratory distress who required hospitalization for evaluation of possible invasive bacterial infections. The diagnoses resulted from routine isolation and real-time RT-PCR-based testing for SARS-CoV-2 for febrile infants in an outbreak setting.
    keywords: cov-2; infection; sars
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        item: #4411 of 5187
          id: cord-339934-g6ufz29l
      author: Yu, Hai-qiong
       title: Distinct features of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgA response in COVID-19 patients
        date: 2020-05-13
       words: 996
      flesch: 32
     summary: As highlighted by our study, enhanced IgA responses observed in severe COVID-19 might confer damaging effects in severe COVID-19. However, as highlighted by our study, enhanced IgA responses observed in severe COVID-19 might confer damaging effects in severe COVID-19.
    keywords: covid-19; iga; infection; sars
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        item: #4412 of 5187
          id: cord-339951-how9cmw8
      author: Zhou, Yaqing
       title: Clinical and Autoimmune Characteristics of Severe and Critical Cases of COVID‐19
        date: 2020-05-14
       words: 2582
      flesch: 44
     summary: Therefore, autoimmune phenomena exist in SARS subjects. Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China Antibody to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-associated coronavirus spike protein domain 2 cross-reacts with lung epithelial cells and causes cytotoxicity Cross-reaction of SARS-CoV antigen with autoantibodies in autoimmune diseases National Health Commission (NHC) of the PRC, National Administration of Traditional Medicine of the PRC.
    keywords: antibody; characteristics; covid-19; patients; sars; severe; study; subjects
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        item: #4413 of 5187
          id: cord-339968-s1kmipir
      author: Osier, Faith
       title: The global response to the COVID-19 pandemic: how have immunology societies contributed?
        date: 2020-09-10
       words: 6130
      flesch: 32
     summary: Finally, SIICA and other European immunology societies strongly endorsed the GAVI advanced market commitment for COVID-19 vaccines (COVAX AMC), which is an initiative to support the development of a COVID-19 vaccine through multilateral, international collaborations 46 . BSI 'Connect on Coronavirus' webinar series CSI Council statement on systemic inequities A peptide-based magnetic chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay for serological diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 Diagnosis of acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection by detection of nucleocapsid protein Rapid development of an inactivated vaccine candidate for SARS-CoV-2 Safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of a recombinant adenovirus type-5 vectored COVID-19 vaccine: a dose-escalation, open-label, non-randomised, first-in-human trial Human monoclonal antibodies block the binding of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein to angiotensin converting enzyme 2 receptor Potent neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 identified by high-throughput single-cell sequencing of convalescent patients' B cells A noncompeting pair of human neutralizing antibodies block COVID-19 virus binding to its receptor ACE2 The pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 in hACE2 transgenic mice Generation of a broadly useful model for COVID-19 pathogenesis, vaccination, and treatment Reduction and functional exhaustion of T cells in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in patients with COVID-19 Clinical and immunological assessment of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections Human kidney is a target for novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; health; immunologists; immunology; information; members; pandemic; patients; public; research; sars; societies; society; vaccine
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        item: #4414 of 5187
          id: cord-339976-tg2jkss7
      author: Wang, Haibin
       title: Detection and Monitoring of SARS Coronavirus in the Plasma and Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes of Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
        date: 2004-07-01
       words: 2582
      flesch: 36
     summary: RT-PCR was successfully used to detect SARS CoV in nasopharyngeal aspirates, nasopharyngeal swabs, throat swabs, and broncheoalveolar lavage of SARS patients (6, 7 ) . This finding provides evidence that lymphocytes are a target or reservoir for SARS CoV and that they are a better sample source than plasma for detecting SARS CoV.
    keywords: acute; cov; patients; pcr; plasma; sample; sars
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        item: #4415 of 5187
          id: cord-340008-2efzyki4
      author: Haddadi, Kaveh
       title: Coronavirus Disease 2019: Latest Data on Neuroinvasive Potential
        date: 2020-09-17
       words: 3586
      flesch: 34
     summary: Neuroscience CD40-CD40L interactions induce chemokine expression by human microglia: implications for human immunodeficiency virus encephalitis and multiple sclerosis Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding From SARS to MERS, Thrusting Coronaviruses into the Spotlight Receptor Recognition by the Novel Coronavirus from Wuhan: an Analysis Based on Decade-Long Structural Studies of SARS Coronavirus Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Mechanisms of host defense following severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) pulmonary infection of mice Coronavirus infection of rat dorsal root ganglia: ultrastructural characterization of viral replication, transfer, and the early response of satellite cells Immunofluorescence studies on the pathogenesis of hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus infection in pigs after oronasal inoculation Neurotropic virus tracing suggests a membranous-coatingmediated mechanism for transsynaptic communication Characteristics of a coronavirus (strain 67N) of pigs Organ distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in SARS patients: implications for pathogenesis and virus transmission pathways Detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in the brain: potential role of the chemokine mig in pathogenesis Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Causes Multiple Organ Damage and Lethal Disease in Mice Transgenic for Human Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Lethal infection of K18-hACE2 mice infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection causes neuronal death in the absence of encephalitis in mice transgenic for human ACE2 A novel angiotensin-converting enzyme-related carboxypeptidase (ACE2) converts angiotensin I to angiotensin 1-9 Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus. She presented with respiratory manifestations and computed tomography scanconfirmed lung involvement typically matched by COVID-19 infection.
    keywords: cells; cns; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; infection; manifestations; patients; sars
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        item: #4416 of 5187
          id: cord-340010-t1m7dxzc
      author: Schaefer, Esperance A. K.
       title: Interrelationship Between Coronavirus Infection and Liver Disease
        date: 2020-05-21
       words: 1422
      flesch: 32
     summary: The immune response to SARS-CoV-2 is characterized by very high levels of IL-6, 33 which has been implicated in both the inflammatory and the repair responses in liver disease. First, there is often uncertainty whether there is preexisting undiagnosed liver disease.
    keywords: covid-19; disease; injury; liver; patients
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        item: #4417 of 5187
          id: cord-340015-x9frt0jh
      author: de Carvalho, Werther Brunow
       title: Expert recommendations for the care of newborns of mothers with COVID-19
        date: 2020-05-11
       words: 2823
      flesch: 42
     summary: Date of Document Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records A case of 2019 Novel Coronavirus in a pregnant woman with preterm delivery Considerations for Inpatient Obstetric Healthcare Settings Recomendaciones para el manejo del recién nacido en relatión con la infección por SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus (COVID-19) Infection in Pregnancy. High-risk exposure is defined as a person with COVID-19 disease requiring direct physical or close contact (o1.8 meters) for an extended time.
    keywords: care; contact; coronavirus; covid-19; infection; mothers; newborns
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        item: #4418 of 5187
          id: cord-340028-6oicmeam
      author: Zhavoronkov, Alex
       title: Geroprotective and senoremediative strategies to reduce the comorbidity, infection rates, severity, and lethality in gerophilic and gerolavic infections
        date: 2020-03-31
       words: 7232
      flesch: 30
     summary: However, it may be possible to conduct clinical trials on the efficacy of geroprotectors previously tested in human clinical trials in treating COVID-19 and other gerophilic and gerolavic infections. Substantial pre-clinical validation would be required to apply these compounds to specific age-associated diseases and to explore clinical applications of these compounds in human clinical trials.
    keywords: age; aging; covid-19; disease; effects; gerolavic; immunosenescence; infection; influenza; nad; patients; rapamycin; sars; severity; treatment; trials
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        item: #4419 of 5187
          id: cord-340042-intxyu46
      author: Chaudhry, Sundas Nasir
       title: New insight on possible vaccine development against SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-09-11
       words: 5470
      flesch: 31
     summary: A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Pathogenic human coronavirus infections: causes and consequences of cytokine storm and immunopathology Immune responses in COVID-19 and potential vaccines: Lessons learned from SARS and MERS epidemic Coronavirus infections and immune responses SARS and MERS: recent insights into emerging coronaviruses Coronavirus endoribonuclease activity in porcine epidemic diarrhea virus suppresses type I and type III interferon responses The outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia calls for viral vaccines Research and development on therapeutic agents and vaccines for COVID-19 and related human coronavirus diseases The race for coronavirus vaccines: a graphical guide The socio-economic implications of the coronavirus and COVID-19 pandemic: a review SARS-CoV-2 vaccines: status report Structure of the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain bound to the ACE2 receptor Structure of the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain bound to the ACE2 receptor Immunogenicity and structures of a rationally designed prefusion MERS-CoV spike antigen COVID-19 vaccine development pipeline gears up SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19: Viral genomics, epidemiology, vaccines, and therapeutic interventions The recombinant N-terminal domain of spike proteins is a potential vaccine against Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection Development of an inactivated vaccine candidate for SARS-CoV-2 A preliminary study on serological assay for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in 238 admitted hospital patients Vaccination strategies to combat novel corona virus SARS-CoV-2 The ORF7b protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) is expressed in virus-infected cells and incorporated into SARS-CoV particles Potent binding of 2019 novel coronavirus spike protein by a SARS coronavirus-specific human monoclonal antibody Prevention and control of seasonal influenza with vaccines: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices-United States, 2019-20 influenza season An oral live attenuated vaccine strategy against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2/2019-nCoV) Evolution and containment of transmissible recombinant vector vaccines Progress and prospects on vaccine development against SARS-CoV-2, Vaccines Potential of live pathogen vaccines for defeating the COVID-19 pandemic: history and mechanism mRNA as a transformative technology for vaccine development to control infectious diseases Optimization of lipid nanoparticles for intramuscular administration of mRNA vaccines Race for a Coronavirus Vaccine: Thanks in part to institutional support Moderna Therapeutics, and other developers are exploring diverse approaches against SARS-CoV-2 SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine Development Enabled by Prototype Pathogen Preparedness Leveraging mRNAs sequences to express SARS-CoV-2 antigens in vivo The novel coronavirus originating in Wuhan, China: challenges for global health governance Pre-fusion structure of a human coronavirus spike protein A DNA vaccine induces SARS coronavirus neutralization and protective immunity in mice Characterization and preclinical evaluation of the cGMP grade DNA based vaccine, AV-1959D to enter the first-in-human clinical trials Engineering DNA vaccines against infectious diseases DNA vaccine protection against SARS-CoV-2 in rhesus macaques Immunogenicity of a DNA vaccine candidate for COVID-19 Safety and immunogenicity of an anti-Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus DNA vaccine: a phase 1, open-label, single-arm, doseescalation trial Design of a heterosubtypic epitope-based peptide vaccine fused with hemokinin-1 against influenza viruses The role of the proteasome in generating cytotoxic T-cell epitopes: insights obtained from improved predictions of proteasomal cleavage A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster Design of an Epitope-Based Peptide Vaccine against the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2): A Vaccine Informatics Approach Application of in-silico reverse vaccinology for designing multiepitope vaccine against Coronavirus Multi-epitope vaccine design using an immunoinformatics approach for 2019 novel coronavirus in China (SARS-CoV-2), bioRxiv The latest advancements in Zika virus vaccine development The Potency of an Anti-MERS Coronavirus Subunit Vaccine Depends on a Unique Combinatorial Adjuvant Formulation The SARS-CoV-2 vaccine pipeline: an overview, Current tropical medicine reports Clover initiates development of recombinant subunit-trimer vaccine for wuhan coronavirus A translatable subunit nanovaccine for COVID-19 Design of a peptide-based subunit vaccine Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 protects from lethal avian influenza A H5N1 infections Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 inhibits lung injury induced by respiratory syncytial virus Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of recombinant human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in healthy human subjects Potent neutralization of 2019 novel coronavirus by recombinant ACE2-Ig Protection of Rhesus Macaque from SARS-Coronavirus challenge by recombinant adenovirus vaccine Comparative replication and immune activation profiles of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV in human lungs: an ex vivo study with implications for the pathogenesis of COVID-19 Potential rapid diagnostics, vaccine and therapeutics for 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV): a systematic review A decade after SARS: strategies for controlling emerging coronaviruses New vaccine technologies to combat outbreak situations Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia Based on these points, the potential parts of S protein, which are used as antigens in immunization improvement, integrate the entire extent of this protein and vaccine development [57] .
    keywords: cell; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; development; immune; novel; protein; receptor; response; sars; spike; vaccine
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        item: #4420 of 5187
          id: cord-340049-6rqmc89u
      author: Salvatori, Giovanni
       title: SARS-CoV-2 SPIKE PROTEIN: an optimal immunological target for vaccines
        date: 2020-06-03
       words: 1412
      flesch: 33
     summary: Microbes Infect Antibody-dependent infection of human macrophages by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Immunization with SARS coronavirus vaccines leads to pulmonary immunopathology on challenge with the SARS virus Antibodydependent SARS coronavirus infection is mediated by antibodies against spike proteins Evaluation of Antibody-Dependent Enhancement of SARS-CoV Infection in Rhesus Macaques Immunized with an Inactivated SARS-CoV Vaccine Publisher's Note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations Not applicable. Based on previous evidence and experience with SARS and MERS, the primary focus has been the Spike protein, considered as the ideal target for COVID-19 immunotherapies.
    keywords: cov; cov-2; protein; sars
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        item: #4421 of 5187
          id: cord-340063-nmx91h0a
      author: Müller, Olaf
       title: Epidemiologie und Kontrollmaßnahmen bei COVID-19
        date: 2020-04-28
       words: 3027
      flesch: 45
     summary: Es ist momentan auch noch offen, welche Ausmaße die Pandemie in den Industrieländern erlangen wird; dies hängt primär von der Intensität und Dauer der durchgeführten Public-Health-Maßnahmen ab. Berechnungen zur Letalität von COVID-19 variieren bisher im
    keywords: als; auch; auf; bei; china; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; dass; den; der; die; einer; für; health; ist; maßnahmen; mit; nicht; sars; sind; und; von; werden; zur
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        item: #4422 of 5187
          id: cord-340070-de7sfccy
      author: Pérez-Martinez, Antonio
       title: Clinical outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection in immunosuppressed children in Spain
        date: 2020-08-29
       words: 2307
      flesch: 40
     summary: Very little information is available about pediatric patients with underlying diseases, and data in children with immunosuppression is almost non-existent. Data from cancer pediatric patients is scarce.
    keywords: cases; children; covid-19; disease; patients
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        item: #4423 of 5187
          id: cord-340085-ywg4rhnn
      author: Maras, J. S.
       title: Multi-Omics integration analysis of respiratory specimen characterizes baseline molecular determinants associated with COVID-19 diagnosis.
        date: 2020-07-07
       words: 7395
      flesch: 33
     summary: At the phylum level Proteobacteria and Tenericutes were increased, corroborating to an increase in alpha diversity seen in COVID-19 positive respiratory specimen ( Figure 4C , 4D, p<0.05 . Together these results show that multi-omics profile of COVID-19 positive respiratory specimen correlates with viraemia, provide an insight on immune activation and could also aid in the identification of asymptomatic COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: author; copyright; covid-19; funder; holder; july; license; medrxiv; medrxiv preprint; patients; perpetuity; preprint; version
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        item: #4424 of 5187
          id: cord-340103-dc3wye9s
      author: Pallanti, Stefano
       title: Importance of SARs-Cov-2 anosmia: From phenomenology to neurobiology
        date: 2020-05-11
       words: 2350
      flesch: 31
     summary: We now know that some infected patients, in addition to having respiratory symptoms, have exhibited neurological symptoms; signs of cerebral involvement have been shown in SARS-CoV-2, and the virus has been detected in the brains of infected patients. Neurological manifestations of COVID-19 in hospitalized patients are quite common (78 out J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f of 214 patients; 36.4%), sometimes in the absence of other infection symptoms; and more severe patients were more likely to have neurological symptoms (45.5%), such as acute cerebrovascular diseases, impaired consciousness and induced skeletal muscle injury.
    keywords: anosmia; covid-19; patients; symptoms
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        item: #4425 of 5187
          id: cord-340114-ycgc6yyc
      author: Rajagopal, Kalirajan
       title: Identification of some novel oxazine substituted 9-anilinoacridines as SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors for COVID-19 by molecular docking, free energy calculation and molecular dynamics studies
        date: 2020-07-28
       words: 3680
      flesch: 39
     summary: Many of the cases affected by COVID 19 are found to be asymptomatic (Gu et al., 2020; Holshue et al., 2020; Lu et al., 2020; To et al., 2020) , it is worthy of consideration, the detail current evidence and understanding of the transmission of SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 and discuss pathogen inactivation methods on CoVs is very important (Chang et al., 2020; Huang & Herrmann, 2020; Zhang et al., 2020; Zhou, Yang, et al., 2020) . As a part of our ongoing research on searching the potent biological molecules against various diseases by in silico and wet laboratory methods (Kalirajan et al., 2011; Kalirajan, Kulshrestha, et al., 2012; Kalirajan, Mohammed Rafick, et al., 2012; Kalirajan et al., 2013; Kalirajan, Kulshrestha, et al., 2018; Kalirajan, Mohammed Rafick, et al., 2018; Kalirajan, Gaurav, et al., 2019; , we have designed and evaluated various heterocyclic compounds for their biological activities.
    keywords: binding; compounds; covid-19; docking; et al; ligand; module; novel
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        item: #4426 of 5187
          id: cord-340138-u8hxyfml
      author: Seneviratne, Chaminda Jayampath
       title: The Role of Dentists in COVID-19 Is Beyond Dentistry: Voluntary Medical Engagements and Future Preparedness
        date: 2020-10-06
       words: 3864
      flesch: 42
     summary: Dental practice will be considerably changed in the post-COVID-19 era. Hence, the contribution of dentists beyond dental practice in this pandemic situation will be appreciated by future generations.
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; dental; dentists; health; pandemic; sars; singapore; volunteers
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        item: #4427 of 5187
          id: cord-340163-ex03l0pc
      author: Hu, Tingting
       title: A comparison of COVID-19, SARS and MERS
        date: 2020-08-19
       words: 7925
      flesch: 43
     summary: From SARS to MERS: evidence and speculation Rigidity of the outer shell predicted by a protein intrinsic disorder model sheds light on the COVID-19 (Wuhan-2019-nCoV) infectivity Nucleic acid detection with CRISPR-Cas13a/C2c2 Severe acute respiratory syndrome: global initiatives for disease diagnosis Multiple organ infection and the pathogenesis of SARS Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus: a first step in understanding SARS pathogenesis Chronic kidney disease is associated with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection First case of 2019 novel coronavirus in the United States Development and evaluation of a novel loop-mediated isothermal amplification method for rapid detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding Single cell RNA sequencing of human liver reveals distinct intrahepatic macrophage populations Neurologic manifestations of hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease Screening for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in hospital patients and their healthcare worker and family contacts: a prospective descriptive study B38-CAP is a bacteria-derived ACE2-like enzyme that suppresses hypertension and cardiac dysfunction Emerging infections-implications for dental care Quantitative analysis and prognostic implication of SARS coronavirus RNA in the plasma and serum of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Lung pathology of fatal severe acute respiratory syndrome Viral load kinetics of MERS coronavirus infection Ribavirin and interferon alfa-2a for severe Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection: a retrospective cohort study SARS: radiological features Transmission of SARS and MERS coronaviruses and influenza virus in healthcare settings: the possible role of dry surface contamination Initial CT findings and temporal changes in patients with the novel coronavirus pneumonia (2019-nCoV): a study of 63 patients in Wuhan, China Emerging respiratory infections threatening public health in the Asia-Pacific region: a position paper of the Asian Pacific society of respirology Radiologic pattern of disease in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome: the Toronto experience Coronavirus infections-more than just the common cold Clinical progression and viral load in a community outbreak of coronavirus-associated SARS pneumonia: a prospective study Coronaviruses post-SARS: update on replication and pathogenesis Recent trends in soft-tissue infection imaging Pulmonary embolism in patients with COVID-19: awareness of an increased prevalence Early diagnosis of SARS coronavirus infection by real time RT-PCR Identification of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Canada Cell-based therapy to reduce mortality from COVID-19: systematic review and meta-analysis of human studies on acute respiratory distress syndrome Liver-targeted angiotensin converting enzyme 2 therapy inhibits chronic biliary fibrosis in multiple drug-resistant gene 2-knockout mice Presenting characteristics, comorbidities, and outcomes among 5700 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in the New York city area Characterization of a novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome The epidemiology and pathogenesis of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak Ang II (Angiotensin II) conversion to angiotensin-(1-7) in the circulation is POP (Prolyloligopeptidase)-dependent and ACE2 (Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2)-independent Characteristics and diagnosis rate of 5630 subjects receiving SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid tests from Wuhan SARS-Coronavirus Open Reading Frame-8b triggers intracellular stress pathways and activates NLRP3 inflammasomes Development of fluorescent reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) using quenching probes for the detection of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus ACE inhibition, ACE2 and angiotensin-(1-7) axis in kidney and cardiac inflammation and fibrosis ACE2 and ACE in acute and chronic rejection after human heart transplantation SARS: systematic review of treatment effects Human monoclonal antibody as prophylaxis for SARS coronavirus infection in ferrets Knowledge synthesis of 100 million biomedical documents augments the deep expression profiling of coronavirus receptors Value of autopsy emphasized in the case report of a single patient with Middle East respiratory syndrome Structure, function, and antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China Rapid and sensitive detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus by rolling circle amplification Structure of MERS-CoV spike receptor-binding domain complexed with human receptor DPP4 Plain radiograph and CT features of 112 patients with SARS in acute stage World Health Organization (WHO). The fibrosis and consolidation in the lungs of SARS patients are more serious than the lesions caused by COVID-19, which indicates that the chest lesions are not primarily serous inflammation; instead, the exudative reaction of SARS is less than that of COVID-19.
    keywords: ace2; cells; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; covid-19; cxr; disease; et al; findings; lung; mers; patients; pneumonia; sars; studies; syndrome
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        item: #4428 of 5187
          id: cord-340189-jo38hjqa
      author: Bar-On, Yinon M
       title: SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) by the numbers
        date: 2020-04-02
       words: 7253
      flesch: 52
     summary: Early epidemiological assessment of the transmission potential and virulence ofcoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19 Public health responses to COVID-19 outbreaks on cruise ships -Worldwide A structural analysis of M protein in coronavirus assembly and morphology Early events of SARS coronavirus infection in vero cells SARS-CoV-2 RNA has been detected on various surfaces several weeks after they were last touched (Moriarty et al., 2020) , but infectiousness appears to degrade more quickly than RNA.
    keywords: cell; coronavirus; cov-2; data; days; et al; infection; number; period; rate; sars; time; virus
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        item: #4429 of 5187
          id: cord-340201-ai4apr4w
      author: List, Wolfgang
       title: Occurrence of SARS-CoV-2 in the intraocular milieu
        date: 2020-09-28
       words: 1443
      flesch: 59
     summary: (Chen et al., 2020; Seah and Agrawal, 2020; Wu et al., 2020; Xia et al., 2020; Zhang et al., 2020) None qRT-PCR was performed using a RdRP gene assay and probe specific to SARS-CoV-2 (Corman et al., 2020) .
    keywords: cov-2; humor; sars
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        item: #4430 of 5187
          id: cord-340205-cwn0gx7h
      author: Chen, Yih-Ting
       title: Mortality rate of acute kidney injury in SARS, MERS, and COVID-19 infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
        date: 2020-07-16
       words: 952
      flesch: 20
     summary: The present analyses indicate AKI as a poor prognosis factor in coronavirus infections, whereby AKI mortality in COVID-19 is higher than MERS but lower than SARS infections. key: cord-340205-cwn0gx7h authors: Chen, Yih-Ting; Shao, Shih-Chieh; Lai, Edward Chia-Cheng; Hung, Ming-Jui; Chen, Yung-Chang title: Mortality rate of acute kidney injury in SARS, MERS, and COVID-19 infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis date: 2020-07-16 journal: Crit Care DOI: 10.1186/s13054-020-03134-8 sha: doc_id: 340205 cord_uid: cwn0gx7h nan and independently assessed the full texts of selected results.
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; patients
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        item: #4431 of 5187
          id: cord-340240-dk48pdqa
      author: Kuo, Tsun-Yung
       title: Development of CpG-adjuvanted stable prefusion SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen as a subunit vaccine against COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-11
       words: 1248
      flesch: 41
     summary: Vaccine Immunization with SARS coronavirus vaccines leads to pulmonary immunopathology on challenge with the 380 SARS virus. An eosinophil-specific colony-stimulating factor with activity for human cells Immunization with SARS coronavirus vaccines leads to 407 pulmonary immunopathology on challenge with the SARS virus Systems and their Potential Applications in Hepatitis B Vaccines
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; cpg; s-2p; sars
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        item: #4432 of 5187
          id: cord-340252-9gr2iw15
      author: Olalla, J.
       title: Search for asymptomatic carriers of SARS-CoV-2 in healthcare workers during the pandemic: a Spanish experience
        date: 2020-05-20
       words: 2399
      flesch: 47
     summary: In conclusion, the percentage of asymptomatic healthcare workers with SARS-CoV-2 in our hospital center in the units with the highest occupational exposure has . key: cord-340252-9gr2iw15 authors: Olalla, J.; Correa, A. M.; Martin-Escalante, M. D.; Hortas, M. L.; Martin-Sendarrubias, M. J.; Fuentes, V.; Sena, G.; Garcia-Alegria, J.; Group, ROBLE title: Search for asymptomatic carriers of SARS-CoV-2 in healthcare workers during the pandemic: a Spanish experience date: 2020-05-20 journal: nan DOI: 10.1101/2020.05.18.20103283 sha: doc_id: 340252 cord_uid: 9gr2iw15 Objective: determine the percentage of healthcare workers (HCW) carrying SARS-CoV-2 in high exposure areas of the hospital.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; license; preprint; sars; workers
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        item: #4433 of 5187
          id: cord-340260-z13aa1wk
      author: Farewell, V. T.
       title: SARS incubation and quarantine times: when is an exposed individual known to be disease free?
        date: 2005-10-19
       words: 4729
      flesch: 51
     summary: The setting of a quarantine time for an emerging infectious disease will depend on current knowledge concerning incubation times. Methods for the analysis of information on incubation times are investigated with a particular focus on inference regarding a possible maximum incubation time, after which an exposed individual would be known to be disease free.
    keywords: data; distribution; gamma; incubation; log; model; time
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        item: #4434 of 5187
          id: cord-340279-bq5owwot
      author: Espíndola, Otávio de Melo
       title: Patients with COVID-19 and neurological manifestations show undetectable SARS-CoV-2 RNA levels in the cerebrospinal fluid
        date: 2020-06-04
       words: 286
      flesch: 31
     summary: 4 • Common neuropathogens should be investigated in the CSF of COVID-19 patients. key: cord-340279-bq5owwot authors: Espíndola, Otávio de Melo; Siqueira, Marilda; Soares, Cristiane Nascimento; Lima, Marco Antonio Sales Dantas de; Leite, Ana Claudia Celestino Bezerra; Araujo, Abelardo Queiroz Campos; Brandão, Carlos Otávio; Silva, Marcus Tulius Teixeira title: Patients with COVID-19 and neurological manifestations show undetectable SARS-CoV-2 RNA levels in the cerebrospinal fluid date: 2020-06-04 journal: Int J Infect Dis DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.05.123 sha: doc_id: 340279 cord_uid: bq5owwot
    keywords: sars
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        item: #4435 of 5187
          id: cord-340291-bah2ege0
      author: Kohmer, Niko
       title: Clinical performance of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody tests and potential protective immunity
        date: 2020-05-10
       words: 1003
      flesch: 41
     summary: Currently there are many S 57 protein based commercially or in-house developed assays available, but there is limited data on how 58 these tests perform with clinical samples and if the detected IgG antibodies provide protective 59 immunity. Lateral flow assays can be 167 used by less experienced personnel in a point-of-care setting, generating results in short time.
    keywords: assays; igg
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        item: #4436 of 5187
          id: cord-340305-jtvn9tlm
      author: Cimolai, Nevio
       title: A Minimalist Strategy Towards Temporarily Defining Protection for COVID-19
        date: 2020-09-19
       words: 5117
      flesch: 33
     summary: Glob Health Prior infection and passive transfer of neutralizing antibody prevent replication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in the respiratory tract of mice Therapy with a severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus-neutralizing human monoclonal antibody reduces disease severity and viral burden in golden Syrian hamsters Comparison of immunoglobulin G responses to the spike and nucleocapsid proteins of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus in patients with SARS Potently neutralizing and protective human antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 Potent neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 identified by highthroughput single-cell sequencing of convalescent patients' B cells Shahverdi S Clinical efficacy and convalescent plasma for treatment of COVID-19 infections: results of a multicenter clinical study Replication-competent vesicular stomatitis virus vaccine vector protects against SARS-CoV-2-mediated pathogenesis Syrian hamsters as a small animal model for SARS-CoV-2 infection and countermeasure development A SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody protects from lung pathology in COVID-19 hamster model Passive immunization against transmissible gastroenteritis virus in piglets by ingestion of milk of sows inoculated with attenuated virus Effect of specific humoral immunity and some nonspecific factors on resistance of volunteers to respiratory coronavirus infection Infection with novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) causes pneumonia in rhesus macaques Protective effect of immunoglobulins in serum and milk of sows exposed to transmissible gastroenteritis virus Neutralization of a transmissible gastroenteritis virus of swine by colostral antibodies elicited by intestine and cell culture-propagated virus Intestinal, pulmonary, and serum antibody responses of feeder pigs exposed to transmissible gastroenteritis virus by the oral and the oral-intranasal routes in inoculation Mucosal and systemic isotype-specific antibody responses and protection in conventional pigs exposed to virulent or attenuated porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus Isotype-specific antibody responses to bovine coronavirus structural proteins in serum, feces, and mucosal secretions from experimentally challengeexposed colostrum-deprived calves Primary exposure to SARS-CoV-2 protects against reinfection in Rhesus macaques Relationship among transmissible gastroenteritis virus antibody titers in serum, colostrum, and milk from vaccinated sows, and protection in their suckling pigs Passive protection of neonatal calves against bovine coronavirus-induced diarrhea by administration of egg yolk or colostrum antibody powder The time course of the immune response to experimental coronavirus infection of man Infectious Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus excretion and serotype variability based on live virus isolates from patients in Saudi Arabia Viral shedding and antibody response in 37 patients with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus infection Sensitive and specific detection of low-level antibody responses in mild Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus infections MERS-CoV antibody responses 1 year after symptom onset, South Korea Persistence of antibodies against Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus High neutralizing antibody titer in intensive care unit patients with COVID-19 Human B cell clonal expansion and convergent antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 Cross-reactive antibody response between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV infections Evaluating the association of clinical characteristics with neutralizing antibody levels in patients who have recovered from mild COVID-19 in Heterogeneous antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor binding domain and nucleocapsid with implications on COVID-19 immunity Dynamics and significance of the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 infection Humoral and cellular and circulating follicular helper T cell responses in recovered patients with COVID-19 Antibody profiles according to mild or severe SARS-CoV-2 infection Human-IgGneutralizing monoclonal antibodies block the SARS-CoV-2 infection Rapid generation of neutralizing antibody responses in COVID-19 patients Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-specific antibody responses in coronavirus disease patients Expansion of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody-secreting cells and generation of neutralizing antibodies in hospitalized COVID-19 patients Antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 are distinct in children with MIS-C compared to adults with COVID-19 Pediatric SARS-CoV-2: clinical presentation, infectivity, and immune responses SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses in children with MIS-C and mild and severe COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 serology and virology trends in donors and recipients of convalescent plasma Viral dynamics and immune correlates of COVID-19 disease severity Anti SARS-CoV-2 antibodies monitoring in a group of residents in a long term care facility during COVID-19 pandemic peak Sex differences in immune responses that underlie COVID-19 disease outcomes Development and characterization of neutralizing monoclonal antibody to the SARS-coronavirus The behavior of recent isolates of human respiratory coronavirus in vitro and in volunteers: evidence of heterogeneity among 229E-related strains Sequential emergence and wide spread of neutralization escape Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus mutants Increased antibody affinity confers broad in vitro protection against escape mutants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus COVID-19 re-infection by a phylogenetically distinct SARScoronavirus-2 strain confirmed by whole genome sequencing Adaptive immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection in severe versus mild individuals Functional SARS-CoV-2-specific immune m e m Does neutralization antibody ensure protection?
    keywords: antibodies; antibody; assay; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; infection; neutralization; patients; protection; responses; sars
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        item: #4437 of 5187
          id: cord-340323-xz6v95yy
      author: Urbach, Horst
       title: Notfällige Neurointerventionen, Covid-19 und Thorax-CT: SOP und Literaturübersicht
        date: 2020-05-07
       words: 1439
      flesch: 41
     summary: To analyze standard operating procedures (SOP) of acute stroke imaging and interventions during COVID-19 pandemic with special emphasis on chest CT within a multimodal stroke protocol. Answers were received from 25 units: eleven of them acquire chest CT, three in any patient and eight, when COVID-19 is suspected due to body temperature increase, patient’s history or when the latter cannot be sufficiently obtained.
    keywords: chest; coronavirus; covid-19; das; der; die; ein; und; werden
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        item: #4438 of 5187
          id: cord-340336-u59l0taa
      author: Perchetti, Garrett A.
       title: Multiplexing primer/probe sets for detection of SARS-CoV-2 by qRT-PCR
        date: 2020-06-08
       words: 1397
      flesch: 41
     summary: Nasopharyngeal swabs submitted to UW Virology for SARS-CoV-2 clinical testing were extracted, amplified by our laboratory developed test (LDT) - a CDC-based quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR reaction - and analyzed for agreement between the multiplexed assay. CDC-based quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR reaction -and analyzed for agreement between the multiplexed assay.
    keywords: assay; cov-2; pcr; sars
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        item: #4439 of 5187
          id: cord-340351-ee8wjp5u
      author: Jiang, Fa-Chun
       title: Detection of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 RNA on Surfaces in Quarantine Rooms
        date: 2020-09-17
       words: 1094
      flesch: 42
     summary: Surface samples collected from the sheet, duvet cover, pillow cover, and towel tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA, and surface samples collected from the pillow cover and sheet had a high viral load; C t for ORF1ab gene from the pillow cover was 28.97 and from the sheet, 30.58. SARS-CoV-2 RNA has been detected on environmental surfaces in isolation rooms where the symptomatic or paucisymptomatic patients stayed for several days (3) (4) (5) .
    keywords: cover; rna; sars
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        item: #4440 of 5187
          id: cord-340357-gyvvcnuf
      author: Fallahi, Hamid Reza
       title: Being a front-line dentist during the Covid-19 pandemic: a literature review
        date: 2020-04-24
       words: 3825
      flesch: 42
     summary: In: Roles of Host Gene and Non-coding RNA Expression in Virus Infection Understanding of COVID-19 based on current evidence Transmission of 2019-nCoV infection from an asymptomatic contact in Germany A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster Genomic characterization and infectivity of a novel SARS-like coronavirus in Chinese bats Risk of hepatitis B virus transmission via dental handpieces and evaluation of an antisuction device for prevention of transmission The severe acute respiratory syndrome Chinese researchers reveal draft genome of virus implicated in Wuhan pneumonia outbreak Laboratory testing of 2019 novel coronavirus ( 2019-nCoV) in suspected human cases: interim guidance ADA releases coronavirus handout for dentists based on CDC guidelines: American Dental Association CDC reminds clinicians to use standard precautions, recommends isolating patients with coronavirus symptoms: American Dental Association Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Novel Coronavirus: American Dental Association 2019-nCoV transmission through the ocular surface must not be ignored Consistent detection of 2019 novel coronavirus in saliva Ocular tropism of respiratory viruses First case of 2019 novel coronavirus in the United States Transmission routes of 2019-nCoV and controls in dental practice Going global-Travel and the 2019 novel coronavirus Functional assessment of cell entry and receptor usage for lineage B β-coronaviruses A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Epithelial cells lining salivary gland ducts are early target cells of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in the upper respiratory tracts of rhesus macaques Persistence of coronaviruses on inanimate surfaces and its inactivation with biocidal agents Pathogenicity and Transmissibility of 2019-nCoV-A Quick Overview and Comparison with Other Emerging Viruses Transmission of blood-borne pathogens in US dental health care settings: 2016 update Aerosols and splatter in dentistry: a brief review of the literature and infection control implications Transmission routes of 2019-nCoV and controls in dental practice Transmission of SARS and MERS coronaviruses and influenza virus in healthcare settings: the possible role of dry surface contamination Transmission routes of 2019-nCoV and controls in dental practice Office of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine. ACE2+ epithelial cells present in the salivary glands were considered one of the main targets of SARS coronavirus infection.
    keywords: care; coronavirus; dental; disease; infection; ncov; novel; patients; syndrome; transmission
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        item: #4441 of 5187
          id: cord-340410-s9haq8y1
      author: Fukumoto, Tatsuya
       title: Efficacy of a novel SARS-CoV-2 detection kit without RNA extraction and purification
        date: 2020-06-26
       words: 1073
      flesch: 56
     summary: However, it remained to be elucidated whether saliva samples could be applied to the nCoV-DK, since saliva has high RNase (Pandit et al., 2013) . The 2019 Novel Coronavirus Detection Kit (nCoV-DK, Shimadzu Corporation, Kyoto, Japan) eliminates the steps of RNA extraction and purification by using the Ampdirect TM technology (Nishimura et al., 2010) , thus significantly reducing the time required for sample preparation and PCR detection from more than 2 hours to about 1 hour.
    keywords: detection; ncov; saliva
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        item: #4442 of 5187
          id: cord-340415-6fte7krp
      author: Thevarajan, Irani
       title: Clinical presentation and management of COVID‐19
        date: 2020-07-17
       words: 4292
      flesch: 36
     summary: The majority of patients presenting with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) experience a mild illness that can usually be managed in the community. Patients require careful monitoring and early referral to hospital if any signs of clinical deterioration occur.
    keywords: care; covid-19; days; disease; hospital; infection; management; patients; sars; treatment
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        item: #4443 of 5187
          id: cord-340432-vm6m0kb4
      author: Srivastava, Sukrit
       title: Computationally validated SARS-CoV-2 CTL and HTL Multi-Patch Vaccines designed by reverse epitomics approach, shows potential to cover large ethnically distributed human population worldwide
        date: 2020-09-06
       words: 2667
      flesch: 28
     summary: bioRxiv GalaxyWEB server for protein structure prediction and 1522 refinement Defensins as anti-1525 inflammatory compounds and mucosal adjuvants New ways to boost molecular dynamics simulations Reliable B cell epitope 1529 predictions: impacts of method development and improved benchmarking In silico identification of vaccine targets for 2019-1532 nCoV Computationally Optimized SARS-CoV-2 MHC Class I and II Vaccine Formulations 1535 Predicted to Target Human Haplotype Distributions Structure validation by Calpha geometry: 1538 phi, psi and Cbeta deviation Efficient identification of mutated cancer 1542 antigens recognized by T cells associated with durable tumor regressions 1545 ff14SB: improving the accuracy of protein side chain and backbone parameters from 1546 ff99SB Escort service for cross-priming Multi-epitope based peptide 1549 vaccine design against SARS-CoV-2 using its spike protein Synonymous codon usage pattern in glycoprotein gene of 1551 rabies virus VaccineDA: Prediction, design and genome-wide screening of oligodeoxynucleotide-1554 based vaccine adjuvants 045512&tracks=[key:sequence_track,name:Sequence,display_name:Sequence,id:STD6 1559 49220238,annots:Sequence,ShowLabel:false,ColorGaps:false Structure-based modeling of SARS-CoV-2 peptide/HLA-A02 1564 antigens Prediction of MHC class II binding affinity using 1566 SMM-align, a novel stabilization matrix alignment method Identifying MHC class I 1569 epitopes by predicting the TAP transport efficiency of epitope precursors ElliPro: a new 1572 structure-based tool for the prediction of antibody epitopes Sequence-based prediction of vaccine targets for inducing T cell responses to SARS-1576 CoV-2 utilizing the bioinformatics predictor RECON. RAMPAGE analysis for all the MPVs (A) CTL-MPV-1381 1 Work flow concept chart from Ag-Patch (antigenic 1401 patch) identification to in vivo trial for the proposed MPVs against SARS-CoV-2 Design of multi epitope-based peptide vaccine against E 1409 protein of human 2019-nCoV: An immunoinformatics approach Preliminary identification of potential 1412 vaccine targets for the COVID-19 coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) based on SARS-CoV 1413 immunological studies Genome based Evolutionary study of SARS-CoV-2 towards the 1416 Prediction of Epitope Based Chimeric Vaccine Quantitative and 1418 qualitative analyses of the immune responses induced by a multivalent minigene DNA 1419 vaccine Assembly and export of MHC class I peptide 1421 ligands Energetics based epitope screening in SARS CoV-2 1423 (COVID 19) spike glycoprotein by Immuno-informatic analysis aiming to a suitable 1424 vaccine development Immunoinformatics-aided identification of T cell and B cell 1426 epitopes in the surface glycoprotein of 2019-nCoV
    keywords: cov-2; epitope; multi; patches; protein; sars; vaccine
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        item: #4444 of 5187
          id: cord-340472-9ijlj4so
      author: Li, Wenhui
       title: Receptor and viral determinants of SARS-coronavirus adaptation to human ACE2
        date: 2005-03-24
       words: 6650
      flesch: 47
     summary: (B) HEK293T cells were transfected with plasmids encoding human ACE2, rat ACE2, or human ACE2 variants in which residues corresponding to those of rat ACE2 were introduced at the indicated position. (C) HEK293T cells transfected with plasmid encoding human ACE2, human ACE2 variants bearing the indicated palm-civet residues, palm-civet ACE2, or the palm-civet ACE2 variant D354G were metabolically labeled and lysed.
    keywords: ace2; civet; et al; human; palm; protein; residues; sars
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        item: #4445 of 5187
          id: cord-340486-wydlqq2z
      author: Grandbastien, Manon
       title: SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in hospitalized asthmatic patients did not induce severe exacerbation
        date: 2020-06-27
       words: 2108
      flesch: 41
     summary: Objective We assessed the frequency of asthma exacerbation in asthmatic patients hospitalized for SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia and compared symptoms laboratory and radiological findings in asthmatic and non-asthmatic patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. Conclusion Our results demonstrate that asthmatic patients appeared not to be at risk for severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia.
    keywords: asthma; asthmatics; covid-19; exacerbation; patients; pneumonia; sars
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        item: #4446 of 5187
          id: cord-340516-9dfaqsv7
      author: Moore, Anne C.
       title: Pre-clinical studies of a recombinant adenoviral mucosal vaccine to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-09-06
       words: 6704
      flesch: 40
     summary: We are developing oral vaccines for multiple indications, including influenza and noroviruses, delivered in a tablet form for people. We and others 17 have observed that transgene expression by vaccine vectors orally administered to mice can be suppressed in their intestinal environment, so immunogenicity was assessed following intranasal (i.n.)
    keywords: antibodies; antibody; antigen; cells; cov-2; iga; immunogenicity; infection; protein; rad; responses; sars; vaccine; virus
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        item: #4447 of 5187
          id: cord-340523-wujzihbn
      author: Ravelli, Angelo
       title: Kawasaki disease or Kawasaki syndrome?
        date: 2020-06-22
       words: 2162
      flesch: 33
     summary: SARS-CoV-2 infection in children Epidemiology of COVID-19 among children in China Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in children and adolescents: a systematic review Screening and severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children in Diagnosis, treatment, and long-term management of Kawasaki disease: a scientific statement for health professionals from the American heart association Hyperinflammatory shock in children during COVID-19 pandemic An outbreak of severe Kawasaki-like disease at the Italian epicentre of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic: an observational cohort study SARS-CoV-2-induced Kawasaki-like hyperinflammatory syndrome: a novel COVID phenotype in children Acute heart failure in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) in the context of global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic Rapid risk assessment: paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome and SARS -CoV-2 infection in children Guidance: paediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome temporally associated with COVID-19 Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and adolescents with COVID-19 Emergency preparedness and response: health alert network Interim guidance on Kawasaki disease and acute multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and adolescents in the current emergency scenario of SARS-CoV-2 infection COVID-19 and Kawasaki disease: novel virus and novel case Multisystem inflammatory syndrome with features of atypical Kawasaki disease during COVID-19 pandemic Clinical characteristics of 58 children with a pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 Multisystem inflammatory syndrome related to COVID-19 in previously healthy children and adolescents Paediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 mimicking Kawasaki disease (Kawa-COVID-19): a multicentre cohort Recognition of a Kawasaki disease shock syndrome classification criteria for macrophage activation syndrome complicating systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a European League against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology/Paediatric rheumatology international trials organisation collaborative initiative Is macrophage activation syndrome in Kawasaki disease underrecognized? Five exhibited evidence of MAS and five of KD shock syndrome.
    keywords: children; cov-2; disease; sars; syndrome
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        item: #4448 of 5187
          id: cord-340535-78bpvtuf
      author: Elbay, Rümeysa Yeni
       title: Depression, Anxiety, Stress Levels of Physicians and Associated Factors In Covid-19 Pandemics
        date: 2020-05-27
       words: 2430
      flesch: 45
     summary: An online survey is conducted to asses psychological responses of healthcare workers and related factors during Covid-19 outbreak. Therefore, there is an urgent need for more systematic research to understand the psychological effects of Covid-19 outbreak on healthcare workers and related risk and protective factors.
    keywords: anxiety; covid-19; outbreak; scores; stress
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        item: #4449 of 5187
          id: cord-340537-pdvpmydk
      author: Bañon-Gonzalez, Rafael
       title: Autopsies of suspected SARS-CoV-2 cases
        date: 2020-07-15
       words: 3686
      flesch: 46
     summary: Although there are analytical hypercoagulability markers in the physiopathology of COVID-19 disease, with raised D-dimer and indications of disseminated intravascular coagulation, only Yao et al. describe thrombi in the small vessels of several organs (thrombi in glomerular capillaries are visible in a photograph in their original publication in Chinese), 34 all other works limit thrombotic microangiopathy to the lungs. In connection with COVID-19 disease, in spite of its high rate of mortality there have been few studies.
    keywords: autopsies; cases; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; sars; studies; virus
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        item: #4450 of 5187
          id: cord-340563-hsj53inh
      author: Baud, David
       title: Using Probiotics to Flatten the Curve of Coronavirus Disease COVID-2019 Pandemic
        date: 2020-05-08
       words: 2596
      flesch: 20
     summary: Clinical evidence shows that certain probiotic strains help to prevent bacterial and viral infections, including gastroenteritis, sepsis, and respiratory tract infections (RTIs). The reason for adding probiotic strains to the overall prevention and care strategy is founded in science and clinical studies, albeit hitherto none directly on the etiological agent of this pandemic.
    keywords: covid-19; infections; lactobacillus; prevention; probiotics; rtis; strains; tract
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        item: #4451 of 5187
          id: cord-340579-cvze15cj
      author: Dudley, Joseph P
       title: Disparities in Age-Specific Morbidity and Mortality from SARS-CoV-2 in China and the Republic of Korea
        date: 2020-03-31
       words: 1434
      flesch: 33
     summary: ~0.3% of the ROK population of 51.5 million persons) Data from China exhibit a Gaussian distribution with peak morbidity in the 50-59 years cohort, while the ROK data have a bimodal distribution with highest morbidity in the 20-29 years cohort.
    keywords: age; cov-2; data; sars
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        item: #4452 of 5187
          id: cord-340581-ngwgb3y0
      author: Abassi, Zaid
       title: ACE2, COVID-19 Infection, Inflammation, and Coagulopathy: Missing Pieces in the Puzzle
        date: 2020-10-06
       words: 4657
      flesch: 28
     summary: Angiotensin-converting enzyme is expressed on the plasma membranes of various cell types, including alveolar and intestinal epithelia, vascular endothelial cells in the heart, kidney, and testis, and on macrophages, where it catalyzes the production of Ang 1-7 and its likely paracrine activity (Crackower et al., 2002; Hamming et al., 2007; Santos et al., 2008; Clarke and Turner, 2012; Abassi et al., 2020c) . While intestinal homing is clinically more pronounced in children, manifested by gastrointestinal symptoms, the lungs conceivably serve as the principal port of entry, with viral attachment to type II alveolar cells (AT2), and to alveolar macrophages coated by membranal ACE2 (Abassi et al., 2020c,d) .
    keywords: ace2; ang; angiotensin; cells; converting; cov-2; covid-19; disease; enzyme; et al; expression; sars
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        item: #4453 of 5187
          id: cord-340583-kjrxrk50
      author: Castro‐Rodriguez, Jose A.
       title: Asthma and COVID‐19 in children – a systematic review and call for data
        date: 2020-06-18
       words: 3087
      flesch: 34
     summary: Summary of a Report of 72314 Cases From the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Clinical characteristics of 140 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan Distinct characteristics of COVID-19 patients with initial rRT-PCR-positive and rRT-PCRnegative results for SARS-CoV-2. However, the largest studies to date have been limited to a description of the number of cases by age group, and so it remains unclear whether childhood asthma -or other pediatric respiratory diseases-are associated with COVID-19 risk or severity.
    keywords: asthma; children; clinical; covid-19; disease; patients; risk; sars
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        item: #4454 of 5187
          id: cord-340590-7jql1ftj
      author: Massullo, Domenico
       title: Mountain Rescue During the COVID-19 Outbreak: Considerations and Practical Implications
        date: 2020-09-23
       words: 891
      flesch: 40
     summary: The key points during rescues are the protection of operators and patients from 59 infection and disinfection of materials and vehicles used during outdoor operations. In Italy, the National Alpine and Speleological 50 Rescue Corps is a voluntary association that provides a complete range of rescue operations 51 services both in the mountains and in speleological environments.
    keywords: covid-19; rescue; sars
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        item: #4455 of 5187
          id: cord-340619-3tjquzx8
      author: Menghua, Wu
       title: Case report: one case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a patient co-infected by HIV with a normal CD4(+) T cell count
        date: 2020-07-23
       words: 1603
      flesch: 60
     summary: [4] concluded the risk factors of prolonged viral RNA shedding in COVID-19 patients: male sex, delayed admission to hospital after illness onset, and invasive mechanical ventilation. As an epidemic disease, viral shedding duration is the key to disease control.
    keywords: duration; sars; shedding; viral
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        item: #4456 of 5187
          id: cord-340627-xyvzgkxl
      author: Ornaghi, Sara
       title: Performance of an extended triage questionnaire to detect suspected cases of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in obstetric patients: Experience from two large teaching hospitals in Lombardy, Northern Italy
        date: 2020-09-15
       words: 3810
      flesch: 46
     summary: Admission questionnaires may have limitations since they rely on honest answering. However, our detailed investigation of minor SARS-CoV-2 triage questionnaire in obstetric patients symptoms, such as loss of smell or taste, may also have played an important role [3, 29] .
    keywords: admission; cov-2; infection; patients; questionnaire; sars; women
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        item: #4457 of 5187
          id: cord-340629-1fle5fpz
      author: O’Shea, Helen
       title: Viruses Associated With Foodborne Infections
        date: 2019-05-21
       words: 9411
      flesch: 39
     summary: However, in the Indian sub-continent, especially Bangladesh, where Nipah virus infection was first recognized in 2001, the major risk factor for contracting Nipah virus is drinking raw palm sap (Luby et al., 2006) . Some of these are human viruses that infect and cause illness following ingestion.
    keywords: assay; children; detection; disease; et al; food; foodborne; gastroenteritis; hepatitis; human; infection; influenza; rotavirus; species; symptoms; transmission; virus; viruses; water
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        item: #4458 of 5187
          id: cord-340635-8wki7noy
      author: Yu, Bin
       title: Innate and adaptive immunity of murine neural stem cell-derived piRNA exosomes/microvesicles against pseudotyped SARS-CoV-2 and HIV-based lentivirus
        date: 2020-11-13
       words: 6020
      flesch: 45
     summary: 7A & B, the mixture with basal NSC Ex/Mv whether from the hypothalamus or hippocampus both rapidly led to lentiviral degradation. The results showed that treatment of NSC Ex/Mv regardless of NSC types provided a significant antiviral effect in A549 cells and HepG2 (Fig.
    keywords: antiviral; cov-2; nsc; pirnas; sars; viruses
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        item: #4459 of 5187
          id: cord-340651-g3518bq2
      author: Hsu, Chung-Hua
       title: An Evaluation of the Additive Effect of Natural Herbal Medicine on SARS or SARS-like Infectious Diseases in 2003: A Randomized, Double-blind, and Controlled Pilot Study
        date: 2007-05-29
       words: 3367
      flesch: 56
     summary: A 52-bed ward was rebuilt as negative pressure seclusion rooms to admit SARS patients. In fact, many anecdotal reports have been proposed on the use of NHM for SARS patients, unfortunately none was a controlled trial (20) .
    keywords: chest; day; diseases; nhm; patients; sars; study; syndrome; treatment
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        item: #4460 of 5187
          id: cord-340656-ltd6ueoi
      author: Grant, Michael C.
       title: The prevalence of symptoms in 24,410 adults infected by the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19): A systematic review and meta-analysis of 148 studies from 9 countries
        date: 2020-06-23
       words: 3443
      flesch: 38
     summary: Analysis of clinical symptoms in adult patients Clinical and Laboratory Profiles of 75 Hospitalized Patients with Novel Coronavirus Disease Clinical features and outcomes of 197 adult discharged patients with COIVD-19 in Yichang Optimizing diagnostic strategy for novel coronavirus pneumonia The necessity to address deficiencies in current literature and potential to substantially improve the precision of estimates of symptom prevalence using both indexed and (the more voluminous and up-to-date) preprint literature from multiple geographical regions, represents the rational for this review.
    keywords: characteristics; clinical; coronavirus; covid-19; patients; prevalence; studies; symptoms
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        item: #4461 of 5187
          id: cord-340666-zl9pp2h3
      author: Reifer, Josh
       title: SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody responses in New York City
        date: 2020-07-21
       words: 765
      flesch: 45
     summary: A linear regression analysis of the data indicates that SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody levels are positively correlated with SSI (p-value < 0.01). There was no significant difference in gender distribution between patients with SSIs from zero to two, however patients with an SSI four were disproportionately male, and there is a trend for increased severity of symptoms in male patients.
    keywords: patients; sars; ssi
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        item: #4462 of 5187
          id: cord-340687-99ad1rwq
      author: Abourida, Yassamine
       title: Management of Severe COVID-19 in Pregnancy
        date: 2020-07-27
       words: 2532
      flesch: 41
     summary: Information for healthcare professionals Analysis of vaginal delivery outcomes among pregnant women in Wuhan, China during the COVID-19 pandemic Estimation of the epidemic properties of the 2019 novel coronavirus: a mathematical modeling study The presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the feces of COVID-19 patients Pneumonia in pregnancy Organisation et prise en charge de la grossesse, de l'accouchement et du post-partum durant la période de pandémie COVID-19 Systematic review of hydroxychloroquine use in pregnant patients with autoimmune diseases Early treatment of COVID-19 patients with hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin: A retrospective analysis of 1061 cases in Marseille, France Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: preliminary results of an open-label non-randomized clinical trial Safety and efficacy of different anesthetic regimens for parturients with COVID-19 undergoing Cesarean delivery: a case series of 17 patients Evidence for and against vertical transmission for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Unlikely SARS-CoV-2 vertical transmission from mother to child: a case report Possible vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from an infected mother to her newborn Severe COVID-19 during pregnancy and possible vertical transmission Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and pregnancy Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records Perinatal transmission of COVID-19 associated SARS-CoV-2: should we worry? Coronavirus disease 2019 in pregnant women: a report based on 116 cases Two cases of coronavirus 2019-related cardiomyopathy in pregnancy Outcome of coronavirus spectrum infections (SARS, MERS, COVID-19) during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis Placental pathology in COVID-19 positive mothers: preliminary findings Cytokine release syndrome in COVID-19 patients, a new scenario for an old concern: the fragile balance between infections and autoimmunity Serum ferritin is derived primarily from macrophages through a nonclassical secretory pathway Regulation of ferritin genes and protein COVID-19) infection in pregnancy.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; delivery; infection; pregnancy; sars; transmission
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        item: #4463 of 5187
          id: cord-340746-icuzy3vp
      author: Liang, Yunfei
       title: Comprehensive Antibody Epitope Mapping of the Nucleocapsid Protein of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Coronavirus: Insight into the Humoral Immunity of SARS
        date: 2005-08-01
       words: 8439
      flesch: 38
     summary: This result demonstrates that N protein is one of the immunoreactive coronavirus structural proteins that elicit the specific humoral immune responses in animals. The slides were stained with 0.25 g/L Evans blue in PBS and analyzed with a Leica Eclipse epifluorescence microscope. preparation of n-protein-specific antisera For vaccination, four 6-week-old female BALB/c mice were immunized intradermally with 100 g of purified recombinant N protein in complete Freund's adjuvant emulsion (Sigma) for the first injection on day 0.
    keywords: acids; amino; antibody; antigenic; cov; cov n; denaturation; epitopes; mabs; n protein; patients; sars; sera; specific; yeast
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        item: #4464 of 5187
          id: cord-340799-1awmtj52
      author: Krajewska, Joanna
       title: Review of practical recommendations for otolaryngologists and head and neck surgeons during the COVID-19 pandemic: Recommendations for otolaryngologists during the COVID-19 pandemic
        date: 2020-06-06
       words: 7948
      flesch: 41
     summary: The estimated prevalence of cough in COVID-19 patients ranged between 60 and 82%, while the prevalence of dyspnea ranged between 9% and 37% [25] . Similarly, no recommendation for performing tracheotomy within 7 days in COVID-19 patients with ARDS has been proposed [47] .
    keywords: cases; cov-2; covid-19; head; individuals; infection; nasal; neck; pandemic; patients; procedures; risk; sars; surgery; tracheostomy; virus
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        item: #4465 of 5187
          id: cord-340811-w4x4falm
      author: Frizzelli, Annalisa
       title: What happens to people’s lungs when they get coronavirus disease 2019?
        date: 2020-05-11
       words: 1781
      flesch: 37
     summary: The levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, TNF-α) are high in the lungs of COVID-19 patients and these cytokines are strong inducers of HA-synthase-2 (HAS2) in CD31+ endothelium, EpCAM+ lung alveolar epithelial cells, and fibroblasts (13) . Recent data suggest that COVID-19 patients who are hypoxemic respond well to PEEP, indicating a crucial role for NIV, as a therapeutic measure to prevent intubation (27) .
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; disease; novel; patients; pneumonia
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        item: #4466 of 5187
          id: cord-340821-kelq45dw
      author: Misrahi, James J.
       title: HHS/CDC Legal Response to SARS Outbreak
        date: 2004-02-17
       words: 1857
      flesch: 31
     summary: the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) legal authority to apprehend, detain, or conditionally release persons was limited to seven listed diseases, not including SARS, and could only be changed using a two-step process: 1) executive order of the President of the United States on recommendation by the Secretary, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), and 2) amendment to CDC quarantine regulations (42 CFR Parts 70 and 71). Historically, public health legal counsels have served as technicians in public health practice, asked by the public health agencies they serve to interpret arcane statutory language and render opinions.
    keywords: diseases; federal; health; quarantine; sars
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        item: #4467 of 5187
          id: cord-340857-teq5txm9
      author: Galloro, Giuseppe
       title: SAFETY IN DIGESTIVE ENDOSCOPY PROCEDURES IN THE COVID ERA RECOMMENDATIONS IN PROGRES OF THE ITALIAN SOCIETY OF DIGESTIVE ENDOSCOPY
        date: 2020-05-13
       words: 3418
      flesch: 38
     summary: In addition the CDC and some other Authors detected the virus in the feces of CoViD-19 positive patients (in up to 54% of the cases), suggesting a potential fecal-oral transmission (31, 32) . A possible explanation could be that the first reports of new corona virus infection were correlated to the hospitalization of a high number of workers of the Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market, most of whom were male (13) .
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; digestive; disease; endoscopy; infection; patients; risk; symptoms
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        item: #4468 of 5187
          id: cord-340883-zf8jbhdl
      author: He, Zhongping
       title: Using patient-collected clinical samples and sera to detect and quantify the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)
        date: 2007-03-27
       words: 2894
      flesch: 53
     summary: There were 92 (33.9%) healthcare workers who acquired SARS, including 51 nurses, 30 physicians, 5 logistics staff, 3 pharmacists and 2 laboratory technicians (one of whom was believed to be infected after handling sputum and stool samples from SARS patients in a diagnostic laboratory). A total of 112 people were infected following exposure to SARS patients in the hospital setting, either as healthcare workers, patients or visitors, and another 62 cases were household contacts of known SARS cases.
    keywords: cov; days; pcr; samples; sars
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        item: #4469 of 5187
          id: cord-340908-8q7i5ds3
      author: D’Ambrosi, Riccardo
       title: Guidelines for Resuming Elective Hip and Knee Surgical Activity Following the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Italian Perspective
        date: 2020-10-13
       words: 1843
      flesch: 40
     summary: People Who Are at Increased Risk for Severe Illness Surgery in COVID-19 patients: operational directives Personal protective equipment during the COVID-19 pandemic -a narrative review Ten Weeks to Crush the Curve How to analyze the Visual Analogue Scale: Myths, truths and clinical relevance COVID-19 coronavirus: recommended personal protective equipment for the orthopaedic and trauma surgeon Adding Examples to the ASA-Physical Status Classification Improves Correct Assignment to Patients Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 patients dying in Italy: Report based on available data on Practical considerations for performing regional anesthesia: lessonslearned from the COVID-19 pandemic Thrombocytopenia is associated with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections: A meta-analysis Safe Selection of Outpatient Joint Arthroplasty Patients With Medical Risk Stratification: the Outpatient Arthroplasty Risk Assessment Score Developing a standardized approach to virtual clinic follow-up of hip and knee arthroplasty Risk factors of critical and mortal COVID-19 cases: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis key: cord-340908-8q7i5ds3 authors: D’Ambrosi, Riccardo; Biazzo, Alessio; Masia, Francesco; Izzo, Vincenzo; Confalonieri, Norberto; Ursino, Nicola; Verde, Francesco title: Guidelines for Resuming Elective Hip and Knee Surgical Activity Following the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Italian Perspective date: 2020-10-13 journal: HSS J DOI: 10.1007/s11420-020-09809-w sha: doc_id: 340908 cord_uid: 8q7i5ds3 nan At our institution in Italy, we developed a protocol to establish treatment recommendations for patients with orthopedic pathology who needed surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; patients; risk; surgery
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        item: #4470 of 5187
          id: cord-340942-oatf59k0
      author: Magalhães, Jurandy Júnior Ferraz de
       title: Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the first 557 successive patients with COVID-19 in Pernambuco state, Northeast Brazil
        date: 2020-09-21
       words: 3954
      flesch: 55
     summary: Since then, the number of COVID-19 cases in Brazil has increased steadily and the country has become the third most affected in the world after the USA and India. For that, the QGIS software (https://qgis. org/en/site/) was used to plot home addresses and the Kernel Density Estimation method was applied to identify the neighborhoods with the highest concentration of COVID-19 cases.
    keywords: cases; covid-19; disease; patients; pernambuco; sars; study; years
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        item: #4471 of 5187
          id: cord-340960-abanr641
      author: Brigger, D.
       title: Accuracy of serological testing for SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies: first results of a large mixed‐method evaluation study
        date: 2020-09-30
       words: 4488
      flesch: 42
     summary: The manuscript was prepared according to the Standards for Reporting Diagnostic accuracy studies (STARD) guideline 32 . Few patients with anti-viral antibodies have been identified in the first 5 days following symptom onset but the positive rate rapidly increases thereafter 16, 17 .
    keywords: article; copyright; cov-2; covid-19; elisa; igg; patients; protein; rbd; rights; sars
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        item: #4472 of 5187
          id: cord-340970-389t032s
      author: Choy, Wai-Yan
       title: Synthetic Peptide Studies on the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Coronavirus Spike Glycoprotein: Perspective for SARS Vaccine Development
        date: 2004-06-01
       words: 3535
      flesch: 41
     summary: We focused on using synthetic peptides for developing antibodies against SARS-CoV, which aimed to block viral invasion by eliciting an immune response specific to the native SARS-CoV S protein. Conclusions: Synthetic peptides can elicit specific antibodies to SARS-CoV.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov; klh; monkey; peptides; protein; sars
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        item: #4473 of 5187
          id: cord-340984-blkhfhe2
      author: Gklinos, Panagiotis
       title: Neurological manifestations of COVID-19: a review of what we know so far
        date: 2020-05-26
       words: 2677
      flesch: 41
     summary: The above-mentioned clinical case series in Wuhan, China, showed that 36.4% of COVID-19 patients had neurological symptoms at onset. Continuing documentation of neurological symptoms and signs, timely CSF testing, EEG, and brain autopsies of COVID-19 patients who did not survive may help us understand better the neurological manifestations of the novel coronavirus as well as the pathophysiological mechanisms of CNS involvement.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; patients; sars; symptoms
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        item: #4474 of 5187
          id: cord-340992-88t1c0zs
      author: Nikolai, Lea A
       title: Asymptomatic SARS Coronavirus 2 infection: Invisible yet invincible
        date: 2020-09-03
       words: 3092
      flesch: 33
     summary: When assessing public health risks raised by asymptomatic COVID-19 cases it is important to determine whether the infectivity varies between asymptomatic, presymptomatic and symptomatic individuals. The estimated proportion of asymptomatic infections ranges from 18% to 81%.
    keywords: asymptomatic; children; cov-2; covid-19; individuals; infections; presymptomatic; sars
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        item: #4475 of 5187
          id: cord-341000-9xs8aukq
      author: Ghiasvand, Fereshteh
       title: Symmetrical polyneuropathy in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
        date: 2020-05-15
       words: 1426
      flesch: 33
     summary: WHO Director-General's opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19 -11 Human Coronaviruses and Other Respiratory Viruses: Underestimated Opportunistic Pathogens of the Central Nervous System? Evidence shows that many respiratory viruses including human coronaviruses exhibit extrapulmonary symptoms, and remarkably, may involve the nervous system and consequently cause a variety of neurological signs and symptoms.
    keywords: conceptualization; coronavirus; writing
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        item: #4476 of 5187
          id: cord-341045-75of9ys6
      author: Shah, Abdullah
       title: Genetic characterization of structural and open reading Fram-8 proteins of SARS-CoV-2 isolates from different countries
        date: 2020-09-14
       words: 1042
      flesch: 45
     summary: M protein exhibits substitution only in one isolates from USA, however, no mutation was observed in E protein of any isolate. By multiple sequence alignment of amino acids, we observed substitutions and deletion in S protein at 13 different sites in the isolates of five countries (China, USA, Finland, India and Australia) as compared to the reference sequence.
    keywords: coronavirus; protein; sars
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        item: #4477 of 5187
          id: cord-341069-kngf6qpe
      author: Chan, Kwok-Hung
       title: Factors affecting stability and infectivity of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-07-09
       words: 751
      flesch: 57
     summary: The efficacy of a variety of laboratory virus inactivation methods and home disinfectants against SARS-CoV-2 were investigated. Commonly used fixatives, nucleic acid extraction methods and heat inactivation were found to significantly reduce viral infectivity that could ensure hospital and laboratory safety during the COVID-19 pandemic.
    keywords: cov-2; sars
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        item: #4478 of 5187
          id: cord-341101-5yvjbr5q
      author: Hashem, Anwar M.
       title: Therapeutic use of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in COVID-19 and other viral infections: A narrative review
        date: 2020-05-06
       words: 4828
      flesch: 32
     summary: 6 a receptor for cell entry, suggesting a possible similar effect of CQ on SARS-CoV-2 at this step of virus replication [40] . CQ can also affect early stage of virus replication by inhibiting virus-endosome fusion, likely via increasing endosomal pH
    keywords: chloroquine; coronavirus; covid-19; effect; hcq; hydroxychloroquine; infection; patients; replication; studies; treatment; virus; vitro
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        item: #4479 of 5187
          id: cord-341176-83khavoh
      author: Lotfi, Melika
       title: CRISPR/Cas13: A potential therapeutic option of COVID-19
        date: 2020-09-17
       words: 5308
      flesch: 36
     summary: Moreover, Cas13 can process its CRISPR array and release individual CRISPR RNA (crRNAs), so it can be used for multiplexed targeting applications (76) . They applied the class 2 type VI-D CRISPR (CRISPR/Cas13d) system derived from Ruminococcus flavefaciens XPD3002 to inhibit RNA viruses in human cells (13, 68) .
    keywords: cas13; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; crispr; genome; novel; proteins; rna; sars; system
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        item: #4480 of 5187
          id: cord-341234-2zgfcrwc
      author: Hallak, Jorge
       title: Concise practice recommendations for the provision of andrological services and assisted reproductive technology for male infertility patients during the SARS-CoV-2 in Brazil
        date: 2020-09-02
       words: 3616
      flesch: 33
     summary: key: cord-341234-2zgfcrwc authors: Hallak, Jorge; Esteves, Sandro C. title: Concise practice recommendations for the provision of andrological services and assisted reproductive technology for male infertility patients during the SARS-CoV-2 in Brazil date: 2020-09-02 journal: Int Braz J Urol DOI: 10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2020.06.03 sha: doc_id: 341234 cord_uid: 2zgfcrwc nan The pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS--CoV-2), responsible for the disease so-called CO-VID-19, represents the most exceptional health, social, economic, and humanitarian crisis known to humankind since the H1N1 flu of 1918. SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and repercussions for male infertility patients: A proposal for the individualized provision of andrological services Coronaviridae Study Group of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses.
    keywords: care; cov-2; infertility; men; pandemic; patients; sars; semen; sperm
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        item: #4481 of 5187
          id: cord-341246-fz66z2p2
      author: Bhattacharyya, Pranab J
       title: Takotsubo cardiomyopathy in early term pregnancy: a rare cardiac complication of SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-09-28
       words: 1303
      flesch: 40
     summary: 3 Pregnant women may be at greater risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection as the virus enters the cell via the ACE 2 receptor, which is upregulated in normal pregnancy. Additional laboratory tests showed leucocytosis (20.48×10 9 /µL, normal 4.00-11.00), neutrophilia (85.8%, normal range 37-72), lymphopenia (9.2%, normal range 20-40), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (9, normal 1-3), raised levels of D-dimer (0.69 µg/mL, normal <0.05), lactate dehydrogenase (456 U/L, normal range 120-246), alkaline phosphatase (188 U/L, normal range 38-126) and globulin (3.5 g/dL, normal range 2.80-3.20), low levels of albumin (3.0 g/dL, normal range 3.50-5.00) and albumin/globulin ratio (0.90, normal 1.25-1.51) and normal levels of ferritin (116 ng/mL, normal range 11-306.8), total bilirubin (0.50 mg/dL, normal range 0.20-1.3), aspartate aminotransferase (37 U/L, normal 17-59) and alanine aminotransferase (28 U/L, normal range 4-50).
    keywords: infection; range; sars; ttc
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        item: #4482 of 5187
          id: cord-341254-xnj6slby
      author: Li, Hua
       title: A new and rapid approach for detecting COVID‐19 based on S1 protein fragments
        date: 2020-06-05
       words: 1954
      flesch: 38
     summary: 11 Positive IgM antibody usually indicated an acute phase of viral infection, whereas positive IgG antibody suggested late or previous infection. Based on it, the detection of IgM/IgG in blood became an optional approach to improve the diagnosis, especially for the COVID-19 patient with negative nucleic acid test result.
    keywords: antibody; coronavirus; cov-2; igm; sars; test
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        item: #4483 of 5187
          id: cord-341284-jmqdnart
      author: Panagopoulos, Periklis
       title: Lopinavir/ritonavir as a third agent in the antiviral regimen for SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-06-12
       words: 1553
      flesch: 49
     summary: Lymphocytes were more significantly increased in patients of group A. Ferritin serum levels were also decreased significantly in these patients. New treatment options for patients with severe symptoms and ways of reducing transmission in the community are taken into consideration.
    keywords: group; lopinavir; patients; ritonavir
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        item: #4484 of 5187
          id: cord-341287-i1hyk962
      author: Smith, Trevor R. F.
       title: Immunogenicity of a DNA vaccine candidate for COVID-19
        date: 2020-05-20
       words: 7833
      flesch: 47
     summary: Although vaccine-induced immunopathology has been raised as a potential concern for SARS and MERS vaccine candidates, and possibly for SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, these concerns are likely vaccine-platform dependent and, to-date, no evidence of immune pathogenesis has been reported for MERS DNA vaccines in mice or non-human primate models 10 or SARS DNA vaccines in mice 8 . Based upon our previous experience developing a vaccine against MERS coronavirus, and previous published studies of SARS vaccines, SARS-CoV-2 S protein was chosen as the antigen target.
    keywords: ace2; anti; antibody; binding; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; dna; fig; guinea; ino-4800; mice; plates; protein; responses; sars; spike; vaccine
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        item: #4485 of 5187
          id: cord-341331-l24oe2pd
      author: Zheng, Baojia
       title: An increasing public health burden arising from children infected with SARS‐CoV2: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
        date: 2020-08-05
       words: 3332
      flesch: 45
     summary: All rights reserved. study, the proportion of asymptomatic children was surprisingly large, suggesting that infected children are an important source of virus spread leading to outbreaks and difficulty in control, as children are easily overlooked by the public due to their social status and stereotype. The 2019-nCoV Outbreak Joint Field Epidemiology Investigation Team, Li Q. Notes from the field: an outbreak of NCIP (2019-nCoV) infection in China-Wuhan A novel coronavirus genome identified in a cluster of pneumonia cases-Wuhan COVID-19 coronavirus outbreak Novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV): situation report-84 A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72 314 cases from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement Measuring inconsistency in metaanalyses Applied statistics in the pharmaceutical industry: with case studies using S-Plus Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of 91 children conformed with COVID-19 Clinical features of children with SARS-Co V-2 infection: an analysis of 115 cases 91 Epidemiological and clinical characteristic of 10 children with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Jinan A comparative-descriptive analysis of clinical characteristics in 2019-Coronavirus-infected children and adults A case series of children with 2019 novel coronavirus infection: clinical and epidemiological features Analysis of CT features of 15 children with 2019 novel coronavirus infection Chest computed tomography in children with COVID-19 respiratory infection High-resolution computed tomography manifestations of 5 pediatric patients with 2019 novel coronavirus Clinical analysis of 31 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in children from six provinces (autonomous region) of northern China.
    keywords: cases; children; coronavirus; cov2; infection; sars; studies
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        item: #4486 of 5187
          id: cord-341396-0tn06al2
      author: Ni, Ling
       title: Detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral and cellular immunity in COVID-19 convalescent individuals
        date: 2020-05-03
       words: 2112
      flesch: 56
     summary: Main protease-specific T cells were detected in patient #1, 2 and 5, 2 while patients # 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 showed S-RBD-specific T cells. Here, we collected blood from COVID-19 patients who have recently become virus-free and therefore were discharged, and detected SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral and cellular immunity in 8 newly discharged patients.
    keywords: cov-2; patients; sars
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        item: #4487 of 5187
          id: cord-341415-g781zhu6
      author: Jhaveri, Kenar D.
       title: Thrombotic microangiopathy in a patient with COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-07
       words: 1006
      flesch: 43
     summary: Due to worsening hypoxemia, patient received convalescent plasma treatment as part of an expanded access trial. AKI is not uncommon in patients with COVID-19 (8) .
    keywords: complement; covid-19; kidney; patient
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        item: #4488 of 5187
          id: cord-341416-6bh08901
      author: Smithgall, Marie C.
       title: Laboratory Testing of SARS CoV-2: A New York Institutional Experience
        date: 2020-07-19
       words: 2923
      flesch: 39
     summary: While specimens collected with NP and OP swabs differ in tip size and flexibility, both have been used to successfully collect specimens for identification of SARS CoV-2 [11] . For SARS CoV-2, the FDA has strongly recommended that viral culture not be performed.
    keywords: assays; cov-2; detection; new; pcr; sars; testing; tests
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        item: #4489 of 5187
          id: cord-341453-9yrvjlpx
      author: Clay, Candice C
       title: Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus infection in aged nonhuman primates is associated with modulated pulmonary and systemic immune responses
        date: 2014-03-19
       words: 8159
      flesch: 43
     summary: Unlike the juvenile animals, interferongamma was below the level of detection in aged lung samples (data not shown). In examination of viral titers, significantly higher levels of SARS-CoV were detected in the nasal swabs early, at day 1 post infection, in aged as compared to juvenile monkeys, but virus levels were only slightly higher in aged animals by day 3.
    keywords: age; animals; cd8; cells; cov; d.p.i; figure; immune; infection; juvenile; levels; lung; monkeys; respiratory; sars
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        item: #4490 of 5187
          id: cord-341474-06113cn0
      author: Huynh, Tien
       title: In Silico Exploration of the Molecular Mechanism of Clinically Oriented Drugs for Possibly Inhibiting SARS-CoV-2’s Main Protease
        date: 2020-05-14
       words: 5397
      flesch: 50
     summary: We obtained moderate Mpro binding in our model with a score of −6.5 kcal/mol ( Figure 4t ). 7 Motivated by the fact that Mpro can be inhibited by multiple drug-like ligands, we speculated that a range of drug molecules may efficaciously interact with the Mpro pocket.
    keywords: binding; cov-2; docking; drug; entecavir; figure; molecule; mpro; pocket; sars; site
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        item: #4491 of 5187
          id: cord-341502-jlzufa28
      author: Lee, Sungyul
       title: The SARS-CoV-2 RNA interactome
        date: 2020-11-02
       words: 5853
      flesch: 37
     summary: As for viral proteins, the N protein was the most strongly enriched one, as expected ( Figure 1D ). PARP12, a cytoplasmic mono-ADP-ribosylation (MARylation) enzyme, is also known to have broad antiviral activity against RNA viruses such as Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (Togaviridae), vesicular stomatitis virus (Rhabdoviridae), Rift Valley fever virus (Phenuiviridae), encephalomyocarditis virus (Picornaviridae), and Zika virus (Flaviviridae) by multiple mechanisms including blocking cellular RNA translation (Atasheva et al., 2014; Welsby et al., 2014) or triggering proteasome-mediated destabilization of viral proteins (Li et al., 2018) .
    keywords: cells; cov-2; figure; host; interactome; mrna; probe; proteins; rna; rnas; rnp; sars; translation; viral; virus
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        item: #4492 of 5187
          id: cord-341524-zvic4xc9
      author: KARAKURT, Hamza Umut
       title: Integration of transcriptomic profile of SARS-CoV-2 infected normal human bronchial epi-thelial cells with metabolic and protein-protein interaction networks
        date: 2020-06-21
       words: 3613
      flesch: 38
     summary: Extended enrichment analyses for both upregulated and downregulated genes are shown in Supplementary Figures 2-5 . Differential gene expression results indicated alterations in viral infection response pathways and signalling pathways. Cytokine-cytokine receptor activation, IL-17 signalling (Tufan and Avanoğlu Güler, 2020) and TNF signalling (Zhang et al., 2020) are pathways known to response to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
    keywords: cov-2; cytokine; infection; mmp9; pathways; protein; response; sars
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        item: #4493 of 5187
          id: cord-341531-w788qwya
      author: Montero Feijoo, A.
       title: Practical recommendations for the perioperative management of patients with suspicion or serious infection by coronavirus SARS-CoV
        date: 2020-05-04
       words: 3720
      flesch: 39
     summary: key: cord-341531-w788qwya authors: Montero Feijoo, A.; Maseda, E.; Adalia Bartolomé, R.; Aguilar, G.; González de Castro, R.; Gómez-Herreras, J. I.; García Palenciano, C.; Pereira, J.; Ramasco Rueda, F.; Samso, E.; Suárez de la Rica, A.; Tamayo Medel, G.; Varela Durán, M. title: Practical recommendations for the perioperative management of patients with suspicion or serious infection by coronavirus SARS-CoV date: 2020-05-04 journal: nan DOI: 10.1016/j.redare.2020.03.002 sha: doc_id: 341531 cord_uid: w788qwya Abstract In December 2019, the Wuhan Municipal Health and health Commission (Hubei Province, China) reported a series of cases of pneumonia of unknown aetiology. The vast majority of these viruses cause mild upper respiratory tract infections in immunocompetent adults, and can cause more severe symptoms in patients with risk factors.
    keywords: cases; cov-2; mask; operating; patients; ppe; room; sars
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        item: #4494 of 5187
          id: cord-341543-gcnph9gf
      author: Kuryntseva, P.
       title: A simplified approach to monitoring the COVID-19 epidemiologic situation using waste water analysis and its application in Russia
        date: 2020-09-23
       words: 1833
      flesch: 41
     summary: The approach includes i) the creation of a calibration curve on the basis of the serial dilution of excreta collected from people who are infected with COVID-19 and ii) the analysis of wastewater samples and their serial dilutions but the approach excludes usage of concentration techniques before wastewater sample analysis as well as usage of external control in RT-PCR reactions for calculation of numbers of viral particles. In the present study, a modified approach for detection of COVID-19 infection rate using wastewater analysis has been developed.
    keywords: covid-19; preprint; testing; wastewater
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        item: #4495 of 5187
          id: cord-341620-nmrkhx5t
      author: Chirico, Francesco
       title: Can Air-Conditioning Systems Contribute to the Spread of SARS/MERS/COVID-19 Infection? Insights from a Rapid Review of the Literature
        date: 2020-08-20
       words: 4579
      flesch: 39
     summary: Revisiting the largest nosocomial severe acute respiratory syndrome outbreak in Hong Kong Role of air distribution in SARS transmission during the largest nosocomial outbreak in Hong Kong Evidence of airborne transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome virus Multi-zone modeling of probable SARS virus transmission by airflow between flats in Block E Extensive viable Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus contamination in air and surrounding environment in MERS isolation wards Indoor transmission of SARS-CoV-2. The air exchange owing to temperature difference played a significant role in SARS transmission during the nosocomial outbreak in Ward 8A, and the two-way airflow effect at the openings could have played an important role in bioaerosol transmission
    keywords: air; conditioning; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; hvac; outbreak; sars; studies; systems; transmission
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        item: #4496 of 5187
          id: cord-341648-z4lflkmo
      author: Isaacs, David
       title: To what extent do children transmit SARS‐CoV‐2 virus?
        date: 2020-06-16
       words: 578
      flesch: 52
     summary: One would expect child care clusters to be common if asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic pre-school children were even moderately infectious. key: cord-341648-z4lflkmo authors: Isaacs, David; Britton, Philip; Howard‐Jones, Annaleise; Kesson, Alison; Khatami, Ameneh; Marais, Ben; Nayda, Claire; Outhred, Alexander title: To what extent do children transmit SARS‐CoV‐2 virus? date: 2020-06-16 journal: J Paediatr Child Health DOI: 10.1111/jpc.14937 sha: doc_id: 341648 cord_uid: z4lflkmo nan extreme rarity in reports from around the world, although this could be for lack of testing.
    keywords: sars; school
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        item: #4497 of 5187
          id: cord-341670-o1v63zg8
      author: Estevez-Ordonez, Dagoberto
       title: Letter: Perioperative and Critical Care Management of a Patient With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 Infection and Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
        date: 2020-05-20
       words: 889
      flesch: 43
     summary: Postoperative CT angiogram of the head showed appropriate clip reconstruction with no compromise of M2 MCA branches. She was discharged home on postoperative day 6 with a modified Rankin scale of 1. 12
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; patient; sars
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        item: #4498 of 5187
          id: cord-341701-zropd3mo
      author: Adhikari, Subash
       title: A high-stringency blueprint of the human proteome
        date: 2020-10-16
       words: 10143
      flesch: 20
     summary: Provides definitive MS data on 166,174 proteotypic peptides that facilitate the design of multiple, independent assays to quantify most human proteins, numerous splice-variants, non-synonymous mutations Identification and validation of human missing proteins and peptides in public proteome databases: data mining strategy Multi-laboratory assessment of reproducibility, qualitative and quantitative performance of SWATH-mass spectrometry A human protein atlas for normal and cancer tissues based on antibody proteomics Spatial proteomics: a powerful discovery tool for cell biology Getting to know the neighborhood: using proximity-dependent biotinylation to characterize protein complexes and map organelles Antibodypedia, a portal for sharing antibody and antigen validation data Towards a knowledge-based human protein atlas A genome-wide transcriptomic analysis of protein-coding genes in human blood cells An atlas of the protein-coding genes in the human, pig, and mouse brain A subcellular map of the human proteome A pathology atlas of the human cancer transcriptome An atlas of human metabolism First of many encyclopedic HPA atlases that map the spatio-temporal expression human proteome based on integrated multi-omics data involving quantitative transcriptomics and Finally, the book of life and instructions for navigating it Metrics for the human proteome project 2013-2014 and strategies for finding missing proteins Standard guidelines for the chromosome-centric human proteome project A first step toward completion of a genome-wide characterization of the human proteome 2019 annual HPP metrics publication (NeXtProt 2019-01-11) reporting progress in credibly identifying and characterising the human proteome Details current high-stringency MS guidelines criteria used by the HPP for PE1 status (evidence for protein existence), where only protein entries with two or more neXtProt uniquely-mapping, non-nested peptides with length 9 amino acids or greater are deemed to have sufficient evidence Trans-Proteomic Pipeline, a standardized data processing pipeline for large-scale reproducible proteomics informatics The neXtProt peptide uniqueness checker: a tool for the proteomics community Looking for missing proteins in the proteome of human spermatozoa: an update On the proper use of mass accuracy in proteomics Precision proteomics: the case for high resolution and high mass accuracy Human proteome project mass spectrometry data interpretation guidelines 2.1 The FAIR guiding principles for scientific data management and stewardship A draft map of the human proteome Mass-spectrometry-based draft of the human proteome Analyzing the first drafts of the human proteome Flexible and fast mapping of peptides to a proteome with ProteoMapper The chromosome-centric human proteome project for cataloging proteins encoded in the genome Advances in the chromosome-centric human proteome project: looking to the future Launching the C-HPP neXt-CP50 pilot project for functional characterization of identified proteins with no known function Human liver proteome project: plan, progress, and perspectives A cell-type-resolved liver proteome Proteomics identifies new therapeutic targets of early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma Integrated multiomics example (proteome, phosphoproteome, transcriptome, and whole-exome sequencing) analyses leading to clinical outcomes, performed on 103 lung adenocarcinomas, revealing many cancer-associated features (e.g., tumourassociated variants, patient clinical outcome correlation with EGFR or TP53 mutational status, proteomic stratification of lung cancer subtypes and potential drug targets Proteome-wide profiling of activated transcription factors with a concatenated tandem array of transcription factor response elements A region-resolved mucosa proteome of the human stomach Antigen presentation profiling reveals recognition of lymphoma immunoglobulin neoantigens The immunopeptidomic landscape of ovarian carcinomas Precision profiling of the cardiovascular post-translationally modified proteome: where there is a will, there is a way In vivo phosphoproteome analysis reveals kinome reprogramming in hepatocellular carcinoma Protein s-nitrosylation controls glycogen synthase kinase 3β function independent of its phosphorylation state Generation and verification of a compendium of highly specific SRM assays that enable quantification of >95% of all annotated human proteins.
    keywords: analysis; assays; atlas; biology; cancer; cell; chr; community; data; detection; disease; entries; fig; genome; hpp; human; identification; infection; mass; nextprot; pe1; protein; proteome; proteomics; sars; spectrometry; stringency
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        item: #4499 of 5187
          id: cord-341776-y7kpp10x
      author: Hamm, C.
       title: Zusammenhang zwischen Angiotensinblockade und Influenza-A-Inzidenz
        date: 2020-06-05
       words: 290
      flesch: 40
     summary: Die grundlegende Hypothese besteht darin, dass Coronaviren den Angiotensin-converting-enzyme-2(ACE2)-Rezeptor für die Zellaufnahme modifizieren und Angiotensin-convertingenzyme(ACE)-Hemmer bzw. Obwohl nicht sicher ist, ob diese Beobachtung auch auf SARS-CoV-2 übertragbar ist, ist sie in der derzeitigen Pandemieunsicherheit ein Beitrag, der bei eingeschränkten Therapieoptionen hohe Aufmerksamkeit hervorrufen muss.
    keywords: angiotensin; der; die; ist
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        item: #4500 of 5187
          id: cord-341783-e7xz4utr
      author: Vistisen, Simon T.
       title: Risk and prognosis of COVID-19 in patients treated with renin–angiotensin–aldosterone inhibitors
        date: 2020-07-06
       words: 1908
      flesch: 40
     summary: Four studies examined the prognosis of COVID-19 patients and uniformly found that risk of severe outcomes was not higher for the collapsed group of ACEi and ARB 740 Vistisen et al. Inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme on the angiotensin II type 1 receptor by sartans (angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers) leads to upregulation of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2. (ACE2) Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 protects from severe acute lung failure Association of use of angiotensinconverting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers with testing positive for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockers and the risk of Covid-19 Renin-angiotensinaldosterone system inhibitors and risk of Covid-19 Use of renin-angiotensinaldosterone system inhibitors and risk of COVID-19 requiring admission to hospital: a case-population study Considerations for pharmacoepidemiological analyses in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic Association of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors with severity or risk of death in patients with hypertension hospitalized for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection in Wuhan, China Drugs and the renin-angiotensin system in Covid-19 Presenting characteristics, comorbidities, and outcomes among 5700 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in the New York City area Assistance with the Editorial: none.
    keywords: acei; angiotensin; covid-19; patients; risk
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        item: #4501 of 5187
          id: cord-341804-rnj3wtg4
      author: Jin, Zhe
       title: Drug treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China.
        date: 2020-06-27
       words: 2054
      flesch: 15
     summary: key: cord-341804-rnj3wtg4 authors: Jin, Zhe; Liu, Jing-Yi; Feng, Rang; Ji, Lu; Jin, Zi-Li; Li, Hai-Bo title: Drug treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China. 7 authorization for the treatment of adults and children with severe COVID-19 disease 20 (Hendaus, 2020) .
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; disease; patients; treatment
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        item: #4502 of 5187
          id: cord-341819-emjg3dsw
      author: Kouznetsova, Valentina L.
       title: Potential COVID-19 papain-like protease PL(pro) inhibitors: repurposing FDA-approved drugs
        date: 2020-09-18
       words: 3318
      flesch: 43
     summary: The crystal structure of papain-like protease of SARS CoV-2 In silico prediction of SARS protease inhibitors by virtual high throughput screening A noncovalent class of papain-like protease/deubiquitinase inhibitors blocks SARS virus replication Inhibitors of cathepsin L prevent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus entry Inhibition of SARS coronavirus infection in vitro with clinically approved antiviral drugs Rapid identification of potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 main protease by deep docking of 1.3 Billion Compounds Feline coronavirus drug inhibits the main protease of SARS-CoV-2 and blocks virus replication Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): situation report-171 Analysis of therapeutic targets for SARS-CoV-2 and discovery of potential drugs by computational methods Crystal structure of SARS-CoV-2 main protease provides a basis for design of improved a-ketoamide inhibitors Protease inhibitors targeting coronavirus and filovirus entry We would like to thank the people of San Diego Supercomputer Center and CureMatch, Inc., for the friendly support. SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML): a case report and review of ABL kinase involvement in infection Structure-based design, synthesis, and evaluation of peptide-mimetic SARS 3CL protease inhibitors Pharmacoinformatics and molecular dynamic simulation studies reveal potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 main protease 3CLpro Discovery and development of safe-in-man broad-spectrum antiviral agents Viral protease inhibitors Potential inhibitors against papain-like protease of novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) from FDA approved drugs The SARS-coronavirus papain-like protease: structure, function and inhibition by designed antiviral compounds Regulation of IRF-3-dependent innate immunity by the papain-like protease domain of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Repurposing of clinically developed drugs for treatment of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Identification of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus replicase products and characterization of papain-like protease activity SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor Virtual screening and repurposing of FDA approved drugs against COVID-19 main protease Potential COVID-19 protease inhibitors: repurposing FDA approved drugs Inhibitor recognition specificity of MERS-CoV papain-like protease may differ from that of SARS-CoV Nsp3 of coronaviruses: structures and functions of a large multi-domain protein Crystal structure of the papain-like protease of MERS coronavirus reveals unusual, potentially druggable active-site features Potential inhibitors for 2019-nCoV coronavirus M protease from clinically approved medicines Boceprevir, GC-376, and calpain inhibitors II, XII inhibit SARS-CoV-2 viral replication by targeting the viral main protease Gateways to discovery: cyberinfrastructure for the long tail of science Bioinformatics and functional analyses of coronavirus nonstructural proteins involved in the formation of replicative organelles Center for Structural Genomics of Infectious Diseases (CSGID).
    keywords: compounds; docking; drugs; inhibitors; protease; sars
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        item: #4503 of 5187
          id: cord-341838-lkz8ro90
      author: Gervasoni, Cristina
       title: Clinical features and outcomes of HIV patients with coronavirus disease 2019
        date: 2020-05-14
       words: 1796
      flesch: 43
     summary: key: cord-341838-lkz8ro90 authors: Gervasoni, Cristina; Meraviglia, Paola; Riva, Agostino; Giacomelli, Andrea; Oreni, Letizia; Minisci, Davide; Atzori, Chiara; Ridolfo, Annalisa; Cattaneo, Dario title: Clinical features and outcomes of HIV patients with coronavirus disease 2019 date: 2020-05-14 journal: Clin Infect Dis DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa579 sha: doc_id: 341838 cord_uid: lkz8ro90 Little is known about the clinical outcomes of HIV patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. [5] [6] [7] Treated people living with HIV who have a normal CD4 T cell count and suppressed viral load may not be at increased risk of serious illness, but many also have other conditions that increase their overall risk: almost half of HIV patients are males, aged >50 years, and affected by chronic cardiovascular and lung diseases.
    keywords: hiv; patients; sars
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        item: #4504 of 5187
          id: cord-341883-eh0aw3re
      author: Bellanger, Anne-Pauline
       title: Studying smoking benefit in farmer’s lung to understand Covid-19
        date: 2020-08-11
       words: 1293
      flesch: 47
     summary: Since then, several epidemiological studies reported that active smokers were under-represented among HP patients, from 2.2 to 12% key: cord-341883-eh0aw3re authors: Bellanger, Anne-Pauline; Reboux, Gabriel title: Studying smoking benefit in farmer’s lung to understand Covid-19 date: 2020-08-11 journal: Occup Med (Lond) DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqaa147 sha: doc_id: 341883 cord_uid: eh0aw3re nan It was observed, first in China, and then in France, that the proportion of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) patients was significantly lower in active smokers compared to the proportion of active smokers in the general population.
    keywords: cov-2; sars; smoking
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        item: #4505 of 5187
          id: cord-341919-8gnthufw
      author: Basi, Saajan
       title: Clinical course of a 66-year-old man with an acute ischaemic stroke in the setting of a COVID-19 infection
        date: 2020-08-23
       words: 4197
      flesch: 45
     summary: As of April 2020, no comprehensive data of the relationship between ischaemic stroke and COVID-19 has been published, however early retrospective case series from three hospitals in Wuhan, China have indicated that up to 36% of COVID-19 patients had neurological manifestations, including stroke. 13 Other hypothesised reasons for stroke development in COVID-19 patients are the development of hypercoagulability, as a result of critical illness or new onset of arrhythmias, caused by severe infection.
    keywords: admission; care; covid-19; oxygen; patient; pneumonia; sars; stroke
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        item: #4506 of 5187
          id: cord-341970-pho6dksc
      author: Huang, Jun
       title: Immunization with SARS-CoV S DNA vaccine generates memory CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell immune responses
        date: 2006-06-05
       words: 4440
      flesch: 56
     summary: Distinct populations of SARS-CoV S specific IFN-␥ and IL-2-producing CD4 + and CD8 + T cells are persistent in lymphoid and non-lymphoid organs following prime and boost DNA vaccination. As shown in Fig. 2B , IL-2 + cells were detected in CD4 + T cells but very few IL-2-producing cells were detected in CD8 + T cells.
    keywords: cd4; cd8; cells; cov; sars
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        item: #4507 of 5187
          id: cord-341976-yts6pzn3
      author: Liu, Xintian
       title: Serum IgM against SARS-CoV-2 correlates with in-hospital mortality in severe/critical patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China
        date: 2020-07-06
       words: 3070
      flesch: 52
     summary: Although patients admitted into ICU required more medical treatments, the effect of advanced support seemed to be controversial in critical patients [31, 32] . Epidemiologic features and clinical course of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Singapore The epidemiology and clinical information about COVID-19 Covid-19 in critically ill patients in the seattle region -case series Profile of Specific Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2: The First Report Longitudinal profile of antibodies against SARS-coronavirus in SARS patients and their clinical significance Molecular and serological investigation of 2019-nCoV infected patients: implication of multiple shedding routes Positive RT-PCR test results in patients recovered from COVID-19 Detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real-time RT-PCR Clinical predictors of mortality due to COVID-19 based on an analysis of data of 150 patients from Wuhan, China Real-time estimation of the risk of death from novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infection: inference using exported cases Therapeutic options for the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; disease; igm; patients; study; titer
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        item: #4508 of 5187
          id: cord-341987-lsvifqyo
      author: Kalyanasundaram, Sridhar
       title: Novel Corona Virus Pandemic and Neonatal Care: It’s Too Early to Speculate on Impact!
        date: 2020-08-03
       words: 3969
      flesch: 48
     summary: Children are less susceptible to COVID-19 infection and generally have a mild course. Children are less susceptible to COVID-19 infection and generally have a mild course in newborns, and children experience with significantly lower death rates [3, 4] .
    keywords: baby; coronavirus; covid-19; infection; mother; neonatal; sars; women
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        item: #4509 of 5187
          id: cord-342013-k54u2q0d
      author: Martenot, Antoine
       title: Favorable outcomes among neonates not separated from their symptomatic SARS-CoV-2-infected mothers
        date: 2020-11-03
       words: 1950
      flesch: 48
     summary: These results are in accordance with the very low incidence of infection in newborns of infected mothers in a national cohort of the United Kingdom, in which guidelines for the postnatal management of infants of infected mothers included keeping the mother and infant together and encouraging breastfeeding with strict infection control measures from birth. The impact of this approach should also be evaluated in preterm infants born to infected mothers.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; mothers; neonates; sars
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        item: #4510 of 5187
          id: cord-342024-kaku49xd
      author: Espejo, Andrea P
       title: Review of Current Advances in Serologic Testing for COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-25
       words: 6485
      flesch: 44
     summary: However, several studies showed that the sensitivity of RT-PCR testing decreased over time post onset of symptoms and that this change was observed to be concurrent with the increasing sensitivity of antibody detection methods. There was preliminary evidence that the use of particular target antigens may provide value to increase the sensitivity of antibody detection methods.
    keywords: antibody; cov-2; detection; elisa; igg; igm; patients; samples; sars; sensitivity
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        item: #4511 of 5187
          id: cord-342084-fbtx7rwi
      author: Ceccarelli, Giancarlo
       title: IS TEICOPLANIN A COMPLEMENTARY TREATMENT OPTION FOR COVID-19? THE QUESTION REMAINS
        date: 2020-05-23
       words: 645
      flesch: 25
     summary: [2] [3] [4] [5] Recently, additional studies provided evidences that SARS-CoV2, similarly to SARS-CoV, is a cathepsin L-dependent virus: in fact, these viruses require a multistep infection process including 1) receptor binding, 2) changes in S glycoprotein conformation, and finally 3) cathepsin L proteolysis, crucial for virus entry. We read with great interest the editorial by Baron Coronavirus (MERS-CoV), but also Ebola virus, influenza A and B viruses, and feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV), were reported as potential targets of teicoplanin and its chemical derivatives.
    keywords: patients; teicoplanin; virus
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        item: #4512 of 5187
          id: cord-342091-xus5kxs0
      author: YAVARIAN, Jila
       title: First Cases of SARS-CoV-2 in Iran, 2020: Case Series Report
        date: 2020-08-17
       words: 1244
      flesch: 51
     summary: In this regard after possible diagnosis, the patients can be isolated to reduce virus transmission. key: cord-342091-xus5kxs0 authors: YAVARIAN, Jila; SHAFIEI-JANDAGHI, Nazanin-Zahra; SADEGHI, Kaveh; SHATIZADEH MALEKSHAHI, Somayeh; SALIMI, Vahid; NEJATI, Ahmad; AJA-MINEJAD, Fatemeh; GHAVVAMI, Nastaran; SAADATMAND, Fatemeh; MAHFOUZI, Saeedeh; FATEMINASAB, Ghazal; PARHIZGARI, Najmeh; AHMADI, Akramsadat; RAZAVI, Kobra; GHABESHI, Soad; SABERIAN, Mostafa; ZANJANI, Elham; NAMAZI, Fatemeh; SHAHBAZI, Tayebeh; REZAIE, Farshid; ERFANI, Hossein; GOUYA, Mohammad Mehdi; NASR DADRAS, Mohammad; MOKHTARI AZAD, Talat title: First Cases of SARS-CoV-2 in Iran, 2020:
    keywords: cases; cov-2; feb; iran; sars
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        item: #4513 of 5187
          id: cord-342139-t2tukk0z
      author: Livingston, Gill
       title: Prevalence, management, and outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infections in older people and those with dementia in mental health wards in London, UK: a retrospective observational study
        date: 2020-10-05
       words: 6642
      flesch: 50
     summary: Implementation of the long-standing policy of parity of esteem for mental health so that resources are as available to mental health patients is urgently needed. In some Trusts, resources to protect mental health patients and staff were unavailable at the time they became available for those admitted locally with physical illness, with patients in intensive care units being tested from March 3, 2020, 32 and symptomatic patients in general hospital wards being tested before March 28, 2020.
    keywords: care; cov-2; covid-19; dementia; health; mental; patients; people; sars; study; trusts
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        item: #4514 of 5187
          id: cord-342144-awtiqxx5
      author: Hufert, F.
       title: Coronaviren: von der banalen Erkältung zum schweren Lungenversagen: Chronologie einer Pandemie
        date: 2020-04-01
       words: 3321
      flesch: 40
     summary: key: cord-342144-awtiqxx5 authors: Hufert, F.; Spiegel, M. title: Coronaviren: von der banalen Erkältung zum schweren Die Erkrankung, die das Virus auslöst, erhielt von der World Health Organization (WHO) den Namen coronavirus disease 2019 (CO-VID-19).
    keywords: als; auch; auf; bei; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; covid-19; das; dass; der; des; die; disease; eine; für; ist; mers; mit; novel; sars; sich; sind; und; von; werden
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        item: #4515 of 5187
          id: cord-342145-cq6xe5r7
      author: Dao Thi, Viet Loan
       title: A colorimetric RT-LAMP assay and LAMP-sequencing for detecting SARS-CoV-2 RNA in clinical samples
        date: 2020-08-12
       words: 9345
      flesch: 52
     summary: Therefore, it appeared that the N-A primer set used for the RT-LAMP assay performed equally well with either IVT RNA or RNA samples isolated from the pharyngeal swab specimens. For samples with a CT ≤ 30 as measured by RT-qPCR with E-Sarbeco primers, we found overall satisfactory sensitivity and specificity values for SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection by the RT-LAMP assay using RNA samples isolated from pharyngeal swab specimens ( Fig. 3 and Table 1 ).
    keywords: cov-2; detection; fig; lamp; lamp assay; positive; primer; qpcr; reaction; rna; samples; sars; sensitivity; sequencing; specimens; swab
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        item: #4516 of 5187
          id: cord-342177-iqt3ghc0
      author: Laine, Roger A
       title: The case for re-examining glycosylation inhibitors, mimetics, primers and glycosylation decoys as antivirals and anti-inflammatories in COVID19
        date: 2020-08-21
       words: 3077
      flesch: 25
     summary: Schwartz reported, in 1974 , tunicamycin inhibition of glycosylation of influenza virus hemagglutinin (Schwartz et al. 1974) and in 1976 showed that tunicamycin, which inhibits the formation of N-acetylglucosamine-lipid intermediates in N-linked glycan synthesis (Lennarz 1975) , suppressed glycoprotein synthesis in Semliki Forest, influenza and avian sarcoma virus (Schwarz et al. 1976) . Pizer et al.
    keywords: covid19; glycoprotein; glycosylation; inhibitors; sars; treatment; tunicamycin; virus
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        item: #4517 of 5187
          id: cord-342189-ya05m58o
      author: Banerjee, Abhik K.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 disrupts splicing, translation, and protein trafficking to suppress host defenses
        date: 2020-10-08
       words: 11499
      flesch: 45
     summary: Because viral membrane proteins also require trafficking to the ER, viral disruption of SRP might negatively impact viral propagation, unless viral proteins are trafficked in an SRP-independent manner ( Figure S7E ) or if NSP8/9 selectively impacts host (but not viral) proteins. Understanding the interactions between viral proteins and components of human cells is essential for elucidating their pathogenic mechanisms and for development of effective therapeutics.
    keywords: binding; cells; cov-2; et al; expression; figure; gene; gfp; host; human; ifn; infection; membrane; mrna; nsp1; protein; ribosome; rna; sars; splicing; srp; translation
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        item: #4518 of 5187
          id: cord-342204-9tgxijvn
      author: Nuzzo, Domenico
       title: Potential neurological effects of severe COVID-19 infection
        date: 2020-07-03
       words: 3228
      flesch: 32
     summary: When a virus proliferates in tissue cells of lung this leads to alveolar gas exchange disorders causing hypoxia in the CNS, increasing anaerobic metabolism in the mitochondria of brain cells (Di Carlo et al., 2012; Hypoxia can cause cerebral vasodilation, swelling of brain cells, interstitial edema, cerebral blood flow obstruction, ischemia, and congestion .
    keywords: brain; cov-2; covid-19; patients; sars; stress; virus
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        item: #4519 of 5187
          id: cord-342220-lrqt2gcw
      author: Dearlove, Bethany
       title: A SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate would likely match all currently circulating variants
        date: 2020-09-22
       words: 7885
      flesch: 41
     summary: The genetic differentiation of subpopulations within sampled sequences was calculated on each gene separately using Nei's (30) G ST . 5D illustrates that mutations found across circulating S sequences were rare: Besides D614G (found in 69.4% of sequences), the next most frequent substitution is found in 1.96% of sequences (synonymous), with sequences sampled from infected individuals, on average, 0.55 mutations away from the consensus sequence (consisting of 0.12 synonymous and 0.43 nonsynonymous mutations).
    keywords: cov-2; d614; fig; hla; mutations; population; sars; selection; sequences; sites; vaccine; virus
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        item: #4520 of 5187
          id: cord-342221-xvrpx9p8
      author: Duan, Qing
       title: Reovirus, isolated from SARS patients
        date: 2003
       words: 1785
      flesch: 49
     summary: In this report, reovirus was isolated from throat swabs of SARS patients, including the first case in Beijing and her mother. In this report, we describe our efforts in the isolation of reovirus from SARS patients in Beijing.
    keywords: beijing; case; patients; reovirus; sars
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        item: #4521 of 5187
          id: cord-342254-vdovpfu1
      author: Mugheddu, C.
       title: CID‐19 pulmonary infection in erythrodermic psoriatic patient with oligodendroglioma: safety and compatibility of apremilast with critical intensive care management
        date: 2020-06-04
       words: 768
      flesch: 32
     summary: Psoriasis treatment relies on immunosuppression, and although most experts agree that the benefit-to risk-ratio is in favor of maintaining selective biologic therapies, and small molecules such as apremilast, they recommend dismission if severe COVID-19 symptoms occur. First of all, the information of apremilast safety, not interfering with the infection, as the drug was not interrupted during the whole course of the infection.
    keywords: apremilast; patient; psoriasis
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        item: #4522 of 5187
          id: cord-342294-x18xmrji
      author: Yan, Nao
       title: Medium Term Follow-Up of 337 Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a Fangcang Shelter Hospital in Wuhan, China
        date: 2020-07-03
       words: 2709
      flesch: 41
     summary: However, information regarding post-discharge quarantine and surveillance of recovered patients with COVID-19 is scarce. However, information regarding clinical manifestations and discharge surveillance of recovered patients is scarce.
    keywords: acid; covid-19; discharge; nucleic; patients; quarantine
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        item: #4523 of 5187
          id: cord-342340-q6j7vy8u
      author: Jefferies, Sarah
       title: COVID-19 in New Zealand and the impact of the national response: a descriptive epidemiological study
        date: 2020-10-14
       words: 5727
      flesch: 39
     summary: We use highly complete, prospectively collected national COVID-19 case and testing datasets to comprehensively describe New Zealand's initial public health response to COVID-19. Characteristics of cases with severe disease outcomes (hospitalisation or death) were compared with non-severe cases.
    keywords: cases; covid-19; data; health; new; people; phase; population; response; study; testing; zealand
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        item: #4524 of 5187
          id: cord-342344-jjnf4yje
      author: Mello, C. J.
       title: Absolute quantification and degradation evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 RNA by droplet digital PCR
        date: 2020-06-26
       words: 3130
      flesch: 45
     summary: The coronavirus pandemic and aerosols: Does COVID-19 transmit via expiratory particles? Temporal dynamics in viral shedding and transmissibility of COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load in Upper Respiratory Specimens of Infected Patients Detection of a novel human coronavirus by real-time reversetranscription polymerase chain reaction Assays for laboratory confirmation of novel human coronavirus (hCoV-EMC) infections Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome A one step quantitative RT-PCR for detection of SARS coronavirus with an internal control for PCR inhibitors Talking the talk, but not walking the walk: RT-qPCR as a paradigm for the lack of reproducibility in molecular research How good is a PCR efficiency estimate: 56% linked molecules) between these sequences (Fig. 4b, Table 1) , similar to the level of linkage (58%) was detected in a control RNA sample that was not exposed to saliva (Fig. 4c, Table 1 ). .
    keywords: cov-2; droplets; license; positive; preprint; rna; sars; sequences
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        item: #4525 of 5187
          id: cord-342361-eu3rry7p
      author: Lu, Jiatao
       title: ACP risk grade: a simple mortality index for patients with confirmed or suspected severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 disease (COVID-19) during the early stage of outbreak in Wuhan, China
        date: 2020-02-23
       words: 3792
      flesch: 46
     summary: We aimed to characterize the clinical features of hospitalized patients with confirmed or suspected COVID-19, and develop a mortality risk index for COVID-19 patients. We aimed to characterize the clinical features of hospitalized patients with confirmed or suspected COVID-19, and develop a mortality risk index for COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: covid-19; funder; license; medrxiv; patients; preprint
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        item: #4526 of 5187
          id: cord-342362-j7vuoer6
      author: Gegúndez-Fernández, José A
       title: Recomendaciones para la atención oftalmológica durante el estado de alarma por la pandemia de enfermedad por coronavirus COVID-19
        date: 2020-04-25
       words: 3526
      flesch: 36
     summary: [22] [23] Así, el Ministerio de Sanidad ha elaborado un protocolo para el manejo y tratamiento de los pacientes con infección por SARS-CoV-2, que se actualiza permanentemente, en el que recomiendan el uso de la cloroquina base para adultos y de la hidroxicloroquina sulfato para adultos y pacientes pediátricos durante 5 días con una dosis de carga el primer día. Informe V1/23052013 de la Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios sobre el uso de Plasma Rico en Plaquetas Real Decreto 1088/2005, de 16 de septiembre, por el que se establecen los requisitos técnicos y condiciones mínimas de la hemodonación y de los centros y servicios de transfusión Tratamientos disponibles para el manejo de la infección respiratoria por SARS-CoV-2 A systematic review on the efficacy and safety of chloroquine for the treatment of COVID-19 Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: results of an open-label non-randomized clinical trial The Royal College of Ophthalmologists recommendations on screening for hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine users in the United Kingdom: executive summary Ophthalmology.
    keywords: caso; como; con; contacto; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; del; durante; infección; las; los; pacientes; pandemia; para; por; posible; que; sars; ser; sobre; síntomas; tratamiento; una; uso
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        item: #4527 of 5187
          id: cord-342380-lihz7h1k
      author: Meguid Kassem, Abdel
       title: SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare workers of a gastroenterological service in a tertiary care facility
        date: 2020-07-21
       words: 3048
      flesch: 46
     summary: Among HCWs with symptoms at time of swab, the frequency of positive tests was 50%, while among asymptomatic HCWs the frequency was significantly lower (16.1%). Date: 17 Occupational health response to SARS Deaths in healthcare workers due to COVID-19: the need for robust data and analysis SARS-CoV-2 in the Employees of a Large University Hospital Prevalence and clinical presentation of health care workers with symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 in 2 Dutch hospitals during an early phase of the pandemic Characteristics of 1,573 healthcare workers who underwent nasopharyngeal swab for SARS-CoV-2 in Milano Roll-out of SARS-CoV-2 testing for healthcare workers at a large NHS Foundation Trust in the United Kingdom SARS-CoV-2 infection in Health Care Workers Coronavirus: 511 healthworkers positive, 26 hospitalised and 2 have died -Zweli Mkhize Risk factors associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome and death in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia in Wuhan, China COVID-19 Exposure risk of healthcare personnel in digestive endoscopy: a prospective study On behalf of the ITALIAN GI-COVID19 Working Group, et al. Low Risk of covid-19 Transmission in GI Endoscopy The Laboratory Diagnosis of COVID-19 Infection: Current Issues and Challenges Sensitivity of Chest CT for COVID-19: Comparison to RT-PCR Personal protective equipment for preventing highly infectious diseases due to exposure to contaminated body fluids in healthcare staff COVID-19: the case for health-care worker screening to prevent hospital transmission We would like to acknowledge the valuable logistic support provided by Dr. Tarek El-Mahdy
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; hcws; infection; pcr; positive; sars; study
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        item: #4528 of 5187
          id: cord-342383-ckswlo9o
      author: Pawlowski, C.
       title: Exploratory analysis of immunization records highlights decreased SARS-CoV-2 rates in individuals with recent non-COVID-19 vaccinations
        date: 2020-07-28
       words: 5487
      flesch: 44
     summary: There are several ongoing/recruiting clinical trials testing the protective effects of existing vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 infection, including: Polio 8 , Measles-Mumps-Rubella vaccine 9 , Influenza vaccine 10 , and BCG vaccine 11, 12, 13, 14 . From the limited data available, there were 51 individuals in the study population who had taken BCG vaccine in the past 5 years, and among these 0 individuals tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection (95% CI: (0.0%, 7.0%)).
    keywords: cov-2; individuals; infection; rates; sars; time; vaccines; year
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        item: #4529 of 5187
          id: cord-342391-arp07mck
      author: Magiorkinis, G.
       title: Phylogenetic analysis of the full‐length SARS‐CoV sequences: Evidence for phylogenetic discordance in three genomic regions
        date: 2004-09-14
       words: 1902
      flesch: 41
     summary: Evidence based on Bayesian scanning plots and phylogenetic analysis using maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian methods indicates that SARS‐CoV, for the largest part of the genome (∼80%), is more closely related to Group II coronaviruses sequences, whereas in three regions in the ORF1ab gene it shows no apparent similarity to any of the previously characterized groups of coronaviruses. key: cord-342391-arp07mck authors: Magiorkinis, G.; Magiorkinis, E.; Paraskevis, D.; Vandamme, A.M.; Van Ranst, M.; Moulton, V.; Hatzakis, A. title: Phylogenetic analysis of the full‐length SARS‐CoV sequences: Evidence for phylogenetic discordance in three genomic regions date: 2004-09-14 journal: J Med Virol DOI: 10.1002/jmv.20187 sha: doc_id: 342391 cord_uid: arp07mck The origin of the severe acute respiratory syndrome‐coronavirus (SARS‐CoV) remains unclear.
    keywords: coronaviruses; cov; group; sars; sequences
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        item: #4530 of 5187
          id: cord-342396-n3txsvf7
      author: Ciaglia, Elena
       title: COVID-19 Infection and Circulating ACE2 Levels: Protective Role in Women and Children
        date: 2020-04-23
       words: 1705
      flesch: 34
     summary: A first step in understanding SARS pathogenesis High expression of ACE2 receptor of 2019-nCoV on the epithelial cells of oral mucosa Angiotensinconverting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus Highly infectious SARS-CoV pseudotyped virus reveals the cell tropism and its correlation with receptor expression Human coronavirus NL63 employs the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus receptor for cellular entry A crucial role of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in SARS coronavirus-induced lung injury TMPRSS2 and ADAM17 Cleave ACE2 differentially and only proteolysis by TMPRSS2 augments entry driven by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) mediates influenza H7N9 virus-induced acute lung injury A potential therapeutic role for angiotensin converting enzyme 2 in human pulmonary arterial hypertension Circulating activities of angiotensin-converting enzyme, its homolog, angiotensinconverting enzyme 2, and neprilysin in a family study Single-cell RNA expression profiling of ACE2, the putative receptor of Wuhan 2019-nCoV. bioRxiv Association of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 gene polymorphism and enzymatic activity with essential hypertension in different gender: a case-control study Blunting of cardioprotective actions of estrogen in female rodent heart linked to altered expression of cardiac tissue chymase and ACE2 Serum angiotensin-converting enzyme in healthy sarcoidotic children: comparison with the reference interval for adults Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China A new mouse-adapted strain of SARS-CoV as a lethal model for evaluating antiviral agents in vitro and in vivo The role of ACE2, angiotensin-(1-7) and Mas1 receptor axis in glucocorticoidinduced intrauterine growth restriction Epidemiological characteristics of 2143. In another case control study conducted in the north eastern Chinese Han population, the serum ACE2 activity negatively correlated with body mass index (BMI), pulse pressure, and estrogen levels in female EH (essential hypertension) patients (14) .
    keywords: ace2; children; coronavirus; covid-19; enzyme; levels
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        item: #4531 of 5187
          id: cord-342453-1vj9p7vm
      author: Ip, A.
       title: Hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of outpatients with mildly symptomatic COVID-19: A multi-center observational study
        date: 2020-08-25
       words: 4168
      flesch: 44
     summary: Methods: We examined the association between outpatient hydroxychloroquine exposure and the subsequent progression of disease among mildly symptomatic non-hospitalized patients with documented SARS-CoV-2 infection. Exploratory outcomes included the effect of outpatient hydroxychloroquine exposure on elderly patients over age 65, on patients with more than 2 days of self-reported symptoms, and on patients with at least one reported symptom of fever, shortness of breath, or cough.
    keywords: exposure; hospitalization; hydroxychloroquine; medrxiv; outpatient; patients; preprint
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        item: #4532 of 5187
          id: cord-342456-5gp3cry0
      author: Hoagland, Daisy A.
       title: Modulating the transcriptional landscape of SARS-CoV-2 as an effective method for developing antiviral compounds
        date: 2020-07-13
       words: 4520
      flesch: 37
     summary: We then searched for FDA-approved compounds that induce or suppress the expression of these genes using drug signatures extracted from other independent transcriptome studies . Consensus analysis was performed by counting gene overlap in the top 50 up or down differentially expressed genes based on the consensus L1000FWD and RNA-seq signatures generated from the A549-ACE2 cells.
    keywords: cells; cov-2; drugs; rna; sars; seq; signatures; virus
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        item: #4533 of 5187
          id: cord-342538-5bwsm290
      author: Izquierdo Lara, R. W.
       title: Monitoring SARS-CoV-2 circulation and diversity through community wastewater sequencing
        date: 2020-09-22
       words: 5039
      flesch: 42
     summary: Here we have used two of the most common NGS technologies (Nanopore and Illumina) to study the diversity of SARS-CoV-2 found in sewage samples, from the Netherlands and Belgium, and compared these results with the virus diversity found in sequenced clinical samples. Given the high chemical and biological complexity of wastewater samples, virus concentration and RNA extraction methods are crucial parts of the process to reach enough is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in (which was not certified by peer review) preprint The copyright holder for this this version posted September 22, 2020. .
    keywords: consensus; cov-2; license; medrxiv; mutations; preprint; samples; sars; sequencing; sewage
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        item: #4534 of 5187
          id: cord-342539-o004ggon
      author: Lam, Tommy Tsan-Yuk
       title: Tracking the genomic footprints of SARS-CoV-2 transmission
        date: 2020-05-28
       words: 907
      flesch: 28
     summary: In addition to revealing the evolutionary process of the pathogen and acting as a proxy of disease transmission history, phylogenetic trees also serve as versatile frameworks for comparative analysis of virus genetics and phenotypes, disease epidemiology and clinical manifestations, and population demography and environment, thus facilitating identification of a possible interplay between these various aspects in disease dynamics ( Figure 1 ). Several studies using mathematical modelling of the COVID-19 incidence and other coronavirus infections have suggested the effectiveness of disease control such as social distancing and city lockdown [6, 7] , but these methods seldom assess individual transmission It is evident in literature that genomic information of pathogens provide valuable empirical information about their transmission histories [2] , such as the identification of transmission chains through phylogenetic analysis of the genome sequences as illustrated in the work done by Lu et al.
    keywords: cov-2; sars; transmission
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        item: #4535 of 5187
          id: cord-342557-a7q8vp8m
      author: Chowdhury, Surid Mohammad
       title: Antiviral Peptides as Promising Therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-10-23
       words: 3576
      flesch: 48
     summary: Binding free energies of AH-RBD, S2P25-RBD, S2P26-RBD, S2P28-RBD, and S2P30-RBD complexes were calculated, for which AH showed an average binding energy of −11.13 ± 0.03 kcal/ mol which was the highest compared to other peptides ( Figure 4a ). Sequence, length, inhibition efficiency, binding affinity, stepwise MLR analysis, interaction residues, and distribution of noncovalent interactions (PDF) Coronaviridae Study Group of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses.
    keywords: binding; cov-2; figure; peptides; protein; rbd; residues; sars; simulation
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        item: #4536 of 5187
          id: cord-342569-ja96xfns
      author: Azer, Samy A.
       title: COVID-19: Pathophysiology, diagnosis, complications and Investigational therapeutics
        date: 2020-08-05
       words: 2672
      flesch: 39
     summary: Characteristics of pediatric SARS-CoV-2 infection and potential evidence for persistent fecal viral shedding A comparative study on the clinical features of COVID-19 pneumonia to other pneumonias Liver injury during highly pathogenic human coronavirus infections Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study COVID-19 and Liver Dysfunction: Current Insights and Emergent Therapeutic Strategies COVID-19-associated Acute Hemorrhagic Necrotizing Encephalopathy: CT and MRI Features Clinical characteristics of 3,062 COVID-19 patients: a metaanalysis Olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions as a clinical presentation of mild-to-moderate forms of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a multicenter European study Guidelines for Laboratory Diagnosis of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Korea Laboratory diagnosis of emerging human coronavirus infections -the state of the art Sensitive and specific monoclonal antibody-based capture enzyme immunoassay for detection of nucleocapsid antigen in sera from patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Whole body point of care ultrasound for COVID-19: a multisystem approach to a multi-system disease A diagnostic model for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) based on radiological semantic and clinical features: a multi-center study Epidemiological and initial clinical characteristics of patients with family aggregation of COVID-19 The diagnostic and predictive role of NLR, d-NLR and PLR in COVID-19 patients A geroscience perspective on COVID-19 mortality Panton-Valentine Leukocidin-Secreting Staphylococcus aureus Approximately 5% of COVID-19 patients require to be admitted to intensive care unit because they develop severe disease complicated with acute respiratory distress syndrome
    keywords: acute; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; patients; protein; sars
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        item: #4537 of 5187
          id: cord-342599-558yn6pu
      author: Rinchai, Darawan
       title: A modular framework for the development of targeted Covid-19 blood transcript profiling panels
        date: 2020-05-22
       words: 5236
      flesch: 36
     summary: These data could, for instance, be used to refine the delineation of Covid-19 module sets. Immunological relevance: Lists of immunologically relevant genes were retrieved from Immport (44) , and were used along with membership to IPA pathways (Ingenuity Pathway Analysis, QIAGEN, Germantown MD) to annotate transcripts comprising Covid-19 module sets.
    keywords: abundance; blood; coronavirus; covid-19; data; immune; module; panel; patients; profiling; repertoire; sars; sets; transcripts
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        item: #4538 of 5187
          id: cord-342625-31fe1neb
      author: Baba, Hiroaki
       title: Prolonged presence of SARS-CoV-2 in a COVID-19 case with rheumatoid arthritis taking iguratimod treated with ciclesonide
        date: 2020-07-01
       words: 1457
      flesch: 41
     summary: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spread rapidly across the world, yet investigations of in patients with rheumatologic disease taking disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) with immunomodulatory or immunosuppressive effects remain scarce [1] . No increased risks of morbidity or severity have been reported to date for diseases related to COVID-19, including severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), in patients taking the immunomodulatory DMARDs such as hydroxychloroquine and sulfa, gold preparations, and immunosuppressive DMARDs such as methotrexate, cyclosporin and azathioprine [4] [5] [6] .
    keywords: covid-19; day; iguratimod; patient
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        item: #4539 of 5187
          id: cord-342639-vf9n2vf9
      author: Chang, Chung-ke
       title: Transient Oligomerization of the SARS-CoV N Protein – Implication for Virus Ribonucleoprotein Packaging
        date: 2013-05-23
       words: 5393
      flesch: 36
     summary: The data is consistent with the helical oligomer packing model of N protein observed in crystal. These results qualitatively suggest that the CTD of SARS-CoV N protein is capable of transient self-association through the oligomer interface identified in the crystal structure.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov; ctd; disulfide; n protein; nucleocapsid; oligomerization; protein; rna; sars; structure
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        item: #4540 of 5187
          id: cord-342660-xigv4u3f
      author: Benotmane, I.
       title: In-depth virological assessment of kidney transplant recipients with COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-19
       words: 2502
      flesch: 49
     summary: Moreover, viral loads were not related to inflammatory markers that have been previously associated with COVID-19 severity.8 Reports on the relationship between viral load and disease severity are contradictory; three studies showed no correlation between the severity of the disease and the viral load in respiratory specimens,6,7,9 However, data on viral loads and antibody kinetics in immunocompromised populations are lacking.
    keywords: author; funder; medrxiv; perpetuity; preprint
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        item: #4541 of 5187
          id: cord-342681-pqzcy9wu
      author: Pongpirul, Wannarat A.
       title: Clinical Characteristics of Patients Hospitalized with Coronavirus Disease, Thailand
        date: 2020-07-17
       words: 1745
      flesch: 28
     summary: The required duration of hospitalization and observed period of viral RNA positivity for these patients underscore the potential burden of COVID-19 patients on hospital, diagnostic, treatment, and isolation capacities. Despite mild-to-moderate illness, the protracted period of SARS-CoV-2 RNA positivity in these patients' specimens might indicate a lengthy period of infectiousness and highlights risks to providers caring for COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: days; patients; rna; sars; specimens; virus
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        item: #4542 of 5187
          id: cord-342731-rilr45yb
      author: Donia, Ahmed
       title: RNA interference as a promising treatment against SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-09-01
       words: 846
      flesch: 41
     summary: Leader sequence was found to be highly conserved between different strains of SARS-CoV. Transcriptionregulating sequences (TRSs) found at the 5′-end of each gene are considered to be signals that regulate the discontinuous transcription of subgenomic mRNAs. Coronavirus derived expression systems Inhibition of SARS-associated coronavirus infection and replication by RNA interference Using siRNA in prophylactic and therapeutic regimens against SARS coronavirus in Rhesus macaque )
    keywords: cov; sars; sequence
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        item: #4543 of 5187
          id: cord-342739-iy9vjpuh
      author: Schwartz, David A.
       title: Potential Maternal and Infant Outcomes from Coronavirus 2019-nCoV (SARS-CoV-2) Infecting Pregnant Women: Lessons from SARS, MERS, and Other Human Coronavirus Infections
        date: 2020-02-10
       words: 8446
      flesch: 46
     summary: However, even if this is the case, there is no doubt that SARS coronavirus infection was found to be associated with severe maternal illness, maternal death, and spontaneous abortion [19, [28] [29] Renal failure (P = 0.006) and disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (P = 0.006) developed more frequently in pregnant SARS patients when compared with the non-pregnant SARS group.
    keywords: cases; coronavirus; cov; epidemic; health; infection; mers; patients; pneumonia; pregnancy; respiratory; sars; syndrome; women
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        item: #4544 of 5187
          id: cord-342756-rgm9ffpk
      author: Senger, Mario Roberto
       title: COVID-19: molecular targets, drug repurposing and new avenues for drug discovery
        date: 2020-10-02
       words: 16157
      flesch: 39
     summary: Structure-based virtual screening and molecular dynamics simulation of SARS-CoV-2 Guanine-N7 methyltransferase (nsp14) for identifying antiviral inhibitors against COVID-19 Virtual screening, ADME/T, and binding free energy analysis of anti-viral, anti-protease, and anti-infectious compounds against NSP10/ NSP16 methyltransferase and main protease of SARS CoV-2 Targeting SARS-COV-2 non-structural protein 16: a virtual drug repurposing study Ready, set, fuse! (148) Other targets -Apart from SARS-CoVs infection, some relevant molecular targets of other viral diseases and host metabolism have also been investigated in COVID-19 drug discovery, such as viral neuraminidases and the DPP4 cell receptor.
    keywords: ace2; activity; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; drug; fig; host; human; infection; inhibitors; lopinavir; mers; new; patent; patients; potential; protease; protein; remdesivir; replication; repurposing; ritonavir; rna; sars; structure; studies; syndrome; target; treatment; trials
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        item: #4545 of 5187
          id: cord-342765-rw8valjp
      author: Wacharapluesadee, Supaporn
       title: Evaluating the efficiency of specimen pooling for PCR‐based detection of COVID‐19
        date: 2020-05-13
       words: 2128
      flesch: 43
     summary: Pooled specimen testing would enable substantial savings in reagent costs, technical burden and time to generate laboratory results. However, in the case of 10% prevalence, specimen pooling will only save 24.87%, as positive pooled samples will This article is protected by copyright.
    keywords: covid-19; pooling; samples; sars; specimens; testing
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        item: #4546 of 5187
          id: cord-342776-hkjhqgie
      author: Jewett, Anahid
       title: The Potential Effect of Novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 on NK Cells; A Perspective on Potential Therapeutic Interventions
        date: 2020-07-10
       words: 3615
      flesch: 31
     summary: Similar to SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients, decreased NK cell function in the tumor microenvironment, and peripheral blood of cancer patients as well as down-modulation of CD16 receptors on the surface of NK cells have been reported previously (23, (35) (36) (37) (38) (39) (40) . This commentary outlines what is the reported literature thus far on the effect of virus on NK cells known to kill virally infected cells.
    keywords: cells; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; patients; sars
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        item: #4547 of 5187
          id: cord-342783-85b4lwh3
      author: Prazuck, T.
       title: Evaluation of performance of two SARS-CoV-2 Rapid whole-blood finger-stick IgM-IgGCombined Antibody Tests
        date: 2020-05-27
       words: 2643
      flesch: 53
     summary: According 110 to severity of disease, patients RT-PCR positive were either hospitalized in the infectious 111 diseases ward, only devoted to treat COVID-19 infected patients, or invited to have regular 112 medical visits in the outpatient consultation. These tests use anti-human IgM antibody (test line IgM), anti-human IgG 144 antibody (test line IgG) and rabbit IgG (control line C) immobilized on a nitrocellulose strip.
    keywords: cov-2; license; medrxiv; patients; preprint; sars
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        item: #4548 of 5187
          id: cord-342786-dl8vjwfn
      author: Sattar, Yasar
       title: COVID-19 Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Cellular Pathogenesis, Clinical Manifestations and Management
        date: 2020-07-14
       words: 5274
      flesch: 32
     summary: A study reports that heart failure is a common manifestation of COVID-19 patients, seen in 23% of affected patients [47] . Hypertension is frequently seen in COVID-19 patients however it is unclear whether it is a risk factor for acquiring COVID-19.
    keywords: angiotensin; cardiac; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; dysfunction; infection; patients; receptor; risk; sars; syndrome
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        item: #4549 of 5187
          id: cord-342796-f7n8sxbu
      author: Stowe, J.
       title: Interactions between SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza and the impact of coinfection on disease severity: A test negative design
        date: 2020-09-18
       words: 3924
      flesch: 36
     summary: To estimate influenza infection on the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, univariable and multivariable analyses on the odds of SARS-CoV-2 in those who tested positive for influenza compared to those who tested negative for influenza. Effect of influenza infection on the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection: The total number of positive and negative SARS-CoV-2 and influenza test results from weeks 1 to 17, 2020 were assessed.
    keywords: coinfection; cov-2; individuals; influenza; preprint; risk; sars
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        item: #4550 of 5187
          id: cord-342857-vj6sw2ne
      author: McCullough, Peter A.
       title: Pathophysiological Basis and Rationale for Early Outpatient Treatment of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Infection
        date: 2020-08-07
       words: 2216
      flesch: 24
     summary: As with azithromycin, doxycycline has the Because ambulatory centers and clinics have been reticent to have face-to-face visits for COVID-19 patients, telemedicine is a reasonable platform for monitoring. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial Can Zn Be a Critical Element in COVID-19 Treatment? Zn(2+) inhibits coronavirus and arterivirus RNA polymerase activity in vitro and zinc ionophores block the replication of these viruses in cell culture Association of Treatment With Hydroxychloroquine or Azithromycin With In-Hospital Mortality in Patients With COVID-19 in New York State Treatment with Hydroxychloroquine, Azithromycin, and Combination in Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19 Risk Factors for Mortality in Patients with COVID-19 in Mechanisms of action of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine: implications for rheumatology Macrolides and viral infections: focus on azithromycin in COVID-19 pathology Outcomes of 3,737 COVID-19 patients treated with hydroxychloroquine/azithromycin and other regimens in Marseille, France: A retrospective analysis Early treatment of COVID-19 patients with hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin: A retrospective analysis of 1061 cases in Marseille, France Early Outpatient Treatment of Symptomatic Patients that Should be Ramped-Up Immediately as Key to the Pandemic Crisis Clinical failure with and without empiric atypical bacteria coverage in hospitalized adults with community-acquired pneumonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis Doxycycline as a potential partner of COVID-19 therapies Therapeutic Potential for Tetracyclines in the Treatment of COVID-19Pharmacotherapy 2020 Doxycycline Is a Costeffective Therapy for Hospitalized Patients With Community-Acquired Pneumonia an antiviral for COVID-19 A review of the safety of favipiravir -a
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; disease; patients; sars; therapy; treatment
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        item: #4551 of 5187
          id: cord-342902-y1v8wzxq
      author: Yuan, Shuofeng
       title: Clofazimine is a broad-spectrum coronavirus inhibitor that antagonizes SARS-CoV-2 replication in primary human cell culture and hamsters
        date: 2020-10-07
       words: 5699
      flesch: 35
     summary: The effective concentration of clofazimine against SARS-CoV-2 (half maximal effective concentration 310 nM) is clinically achievable with standard dosage in patients (peak serum concentration 861 nM) 13 . Clofazimine has a relatively long duration of action with the mean elimination half-life approximately 25 days, thus we performed prophylactic treatment of hamsters with clofazimine before intranasally challenged with 10 5 PFU of SARS-CoV-2 ( Figure 4a ).
    keywords: antiviral; cells; clofazimine; cov-2; covid-19; drug; figure; human; infection; lung; patients; remdesivir; replication; rna; sars; treatment
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        item: #4552 of 5187
          id: cord-342915-r9kv67we
      author: Hayden, Frederick G.
       title: Advances in antivirals for non‐influenza respiratory virus infections
        date: 2013-11-01
       words: 5757
      flesch: 23
     summary: Recent studies have provided encouraging results in treating respiratory syncytial virus infections in lung transplant recipients, serious parainfluenza virus and adenovirus infections in immunocompromised hosts, and rhinovirus colds in outpatient asthmatics. Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 is a functional receptor for the emerging human coronavirus-EMC Human coronavirus EMC does not require the SARS-coronavirus receptor and maintains broad replicative capability in mammalian cell lines Mannose-binding lectin in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection A single asparagine-linked glycosylation site of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike glycoprotein facilitates inhibition by mannose-binding lectin through multiple mechanisms High-dose mannose-binding lectin therapy for Ebola virus infection Global burden of acute lower respiratory infections due to respiratory syncytial virus in young children: a systematic review and meta-analysis Mortality associated with influenza and respiratory syncytial virus in the United States Antibodies for prevention and treatment of respiratory syncytial virus infections in children Respiratory syncytial virus Antiviral therapy of respiratory viruses in haematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients Management of RSV infections in adult recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation Outcome of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Lower Respiratory Tract Disease in Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Recipients Receiving Aerosolized Ribavirin: Significance of Stem Cell Source and Oxygen Requirement
    keywords: coronavirus; cov; human; infections; influenza; interferon; patients; ribavirin; rsv; sars; studies; treatment; virus; viruses
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        item: #4553 of 5187
          id: cord-342938-rzhsnkn4
      author: Huang, Bo-Ruei
       title: Co-infection of Influenza B Virus and SARS-CoV-2: A Case Report from Taiwan
        date: 2020-06-30
       words: 979
      flesch: 43
     summary: Though sporadic influenza infection can occur outside of the epidemic season, the seasonal distribution of influenza infection is mainly in the autumn and winter in Taiwan. We changed oseltamivir to baloxavir marboxil for treating influenza B infection.
    keywords: infection; influenza; sars
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        item: #4554 of 5187
          id: cord-342942-1s32o9m8
      author: Stamatakis, George
       title: Generation of SARS-CoV-2 S1 spike glycoprotein putative antigenic epitopes in vitro by intracellular aminopeptidases
        date: 2020-06-22
       words: 4077
      flesch: 38
     summary: Only a subset of generated peptides was predicted to bind with sufficient affinity onto at least one HLA: 23% for ERAP1, 22% for ERAP2, 6% for ERAP1/ERAP2 mixture and 21% for IRAP (peptide sequences are listed in Table 1a ). key: cord-342942-1s32o9m8 authors: Stamatakis, George; Samiotaki, Martina; Mpakali, Anastasia; Panayotou, George; Stratikos, Efstratios title: Generation of SARS-CoV-2 S1 spike glycoprotein putative antigenic epitopes in vitro by intracellular aminopeptidases date: 2020-06-22 journal: bioRxiv DOI: 10.1101/2020.06.22.164681 sha: doc_id: 342942 cord_uid: 1s32o9m8 Presentation of antigenic peptides by MHCI is central to cellular immune responses against viral pathogens.
    keywords: cov-2; erap1; hla; irap; mixture; peptides; sars; trimming
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        item: #4555 of 5187
          id: cord-342947-dhe31r3a
      author: Li, Xin
       title: Preliminary recommendations for lung surgery during COVID‐19 epidemic period
        date: 2020-04-14
       words: 2109
      flesch: 43
     summary: The hospital stay of postoperative patients should be shortened to avoid cross infection. A small number of patients have nasal congestion, runny nose, sore throat and diarrhea and other symptoms.
    keywords: infection; patients; sars; surgery; treatment
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        item: #4556 of 5187
          id: cord-342951-nirue1x4
      author: Theophanous, Christos
       title: Bell’s palsy in a pediatric patient with hyper IgM syndrome and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
        date: 2020-09-04
       words: 1457
      flesch: 42
     summary: The etiology of Bell's palsy: a review Management of Bell's palsy The management of peripheral facial nerve palsy: paresis versus paralysis and sources of ambiguity in study designs Surgery for Bell's palsy Hilsinger RL Herpes simplex virus in idiopathic facial paralysis (Bell palsy) Serologic examinations of hepatitis, cytomegalovirus, and rubella in patients with Bell's palsy Bell's palsy-tertiary ischemia: an etiological factor in residual facial palsy Serum cytokine levels in Bell's palsy Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 as an atypical cause of Bell's palsy in a patient experiencing homelessness Coronavirus disease 2019 complicated with Bell's palsy: a case report Bell palsy and herpes simplex virus: identification of viral DNA in endoneurial fluid and muscle Herpes-simplex virus as a cause of Bell's palsy Primary Epstein-Barr-virus infections in acute neurologic diseases Peripheral facial paralysis and HIV infection: report of four African cases and review of the literature Postmarketing surveillance for neurologic adverse events reported after hepatitis B vaccination: Experience of the first three years Detection of Human Herpesvirus 6 and Varicella-Zoster Virus in Tear Fluid of Patients with Bell's Palsy by PCR Bell's palsy and influenza(H1N1)pdm09 containing vaccines: A self-controlled case series Infectious causes of bilateral facial nerve palsy Corticosteroids for Bell's palsy (idiopathic facial paralysis) Implications of COVID-19 in pediatric rheumatology In these cases, facial nerve palsy was noted in the setting of fevers and viral symptoms and workup for other typical causes of Bell's palsy were negative.
    keywords: bell; palsy; patient; sars
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        item: #4557 of 5187
          id: cord-342983-7o0slu0z
      author: Killeen, G. F.
       title: A simple arithmetic rationale for crushing the epidemic curve of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) instead of flattening it
        date: 2020-05-10
       words: 2328
      flesch: 35
     summary: Furthermore, such impressive reductions of transmission rate and relatively rapid escape trajectories from self-sustaining local transmission may be far easier to rationalize in simple arithmetic terms by considering two important, intuitive and encouraging non-linearities of pathogen outbreak and containment dynamics: (1) Transmission requires exposure behaviours by two individuals, so transmission varies in proportion to the square of the relative rates of those preventable exposure behaviours, and (2) Even modest acceleration of proportional decay rates can dramatically curtail the length of time it takes for them to approach zero. Transmission rate is therefore proportional to the product of their individual exposure behaviour rates, which in turn depends on limitations of intervention coverage and effectiveness once containment measures are introduced.
    keywords: curve; epidemic; figure; preprint; transmission
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        item: #4558 of 5187
          id: cord-342996-honeavwj
      author: Mair-Jenkins, John
       title: The Effectiveness of Convalescent Plasma and Hyperimmune Immunoglobulin for the Treatment of Severe Acute Respiratory Infections of Viral Etiology: A Systematic Review and Exploratory Meta-analysis
        date: 2015-01-01
       words: 5310
      flesch: 45
     summary: A further subgroup analysis of 48 patients found that receipt of convalescent plasma treatment <14 days after onset of symptoms improved the likelihood of discharge within 22 days of admission (58% vs 16%; P < .001); this remained significant after adjustment for age, viral status, time of administration, and lactate dehydrogenase level, suggesting that early treatment with convalescent plasma may be beneficial. [30] at moderate risk of bias reported exclusively on patients who received extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and showed a nonsignificant absolute reduction of 33% (95% CI, −20% to 87%) in the CFR after convalescent plasma treatment.
    keywords: bias; convalescent; infection; influenza; patients; plasma; risk; studies; study; treatment
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        item: #4559 of 5187
          id: cord-343029-85ga6r7d
      author: Haghpanah, Abdolreza
       title: Potential mechanisms of SARS‐CoV‐2 action on male gonadal function and fertility: Current status and future prospects
        date: 2020-10-27
       words: 4387
      flesch: 29
     summary: A case study Clinical aspects of sperm DNA fragmentation detection and male infertility ACE2 expression in kidney and testis may cause kidney and testis damage after 2019-nCoV infection Orchiepididymitis in a boy with COVID-19 Sperm DNA fragmentation in infertile men with genitourinary infection by Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma Angiotensin II type 2 receptor is expressed in human sperm cells and is involved in sperm motility Return of the coronavirus: 2019-nCoV Clinical characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China Toll-like receptors and signalling in spermatogenesis and testicular responses to inflammation-A perspective Cytokines and the immune-testicular axis Once infected, changes in ACE2 signalling pathways followed by oxidative stress and inflammation could cause spermatogenesis failure, abnormal sperm motility, DNA fragmentation and male infertility.
    keywords: ace2; cells; cov-2; dna; et al; infertility; male; sars; sperm
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        item: #4560 of 5187
          id: cord-343034-dzvo9v01
      author: Chen, Chun-Fan
       title: Role of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in patients with diabetes infected with coronavirus-19
        date: 2020-04-29
       words: 1295
      flesch: 43
     summary: Among numerous anti-diabetic drugs, DPP4 inhibitors might play an important role during coronavirus infection, including pandemic COVID-19. Fortunately, no more new case of SARS-CoV-1 was reported and World Health Organization (WHO) had declared that the chain of human-to-human transmission was broken since 2004.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; dpp4; sars
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        item: #4561 of 5187
          id: cord-343043-piyt3i0h
      author: Baker, S. A.
       title: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) expression increases with age in patients requiringmechanical ventilation.
        date: 2020-07-07
       words: 4615
      flesch: 40
     summary: Given that the mechanism of death in Covid-19 typically involves severe lower respiratory tract infection, a disease feature strongly correlated with age, previous studies have sought to connect lung ACE2 expression with aging 28, 29 . If lung ACE2 expression is triggered by mechanical ventilation itself via inflammatory cytokine production, then these factors may predispose older individuals to severe SARS-CoV-2 infection.
    keywords: ace2; age; alveolar; cells; expression; figure; lung; patients; ventilation
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        item: #4562 of 5187
          id: cord-343082-46lo7xtx
      author: Awasthi, Ankit
       title: OUTBREAK of novel corona virus disease (COVID-19): Antecedence and aftermath
        date: 2020-07-25
       words: 3954
      flesch: 41
     summary: Later, it was reported to be effective in the treatment of COVID-19 patients also (Holshue et al., 2020) . Currently, vitamin C infusion is under clinical trial for the treatment of severe COVID-19 virus infected pneumonia as it plays important role in reducing inflammatory response and has antioxidant property.
    keywords: cells; combination; covid-19; kumar; patients; protein; sars; studies; treatment; vaccine; virus
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        item: #4563 of 5187
          id: cord-343090-dsjq98ks
      author: Fragkou, Paraskevi C.
       title: Review of trials currently testing treatment and prevention of COVID-19
        date: 2020-05-23
       words: 2032
      flesch: 36
     summary: As with treatment trials, many prevention trials do not 327 report the study phase (n=4, 25%). Most studies were randomised (n=10, 63%) with a parallel Figure 5 shows 341 the total number of planned inclusions and the number of clinical trials for the ten most 342 frequently studied treatments, with hydroxychloroquine being the treatment associated with A clinical primary outcome was defined in 128 out of 198 therapeutic trials (65% ; Table 3) .
    keywords: covid-19; prevention; studies; table; treatment; trials
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        item: #4564 of 5187
          id: cord-343127-n3fs8ph8
      author: Pousa, Pedro A.
       title: Extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19 in children: a comprehensive review and pathophysiological considerations
        date: 2020-09-22
       words: 5517
      flesch: 37
     summary: The emerging impasse of angiotensin blockade Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAAS): the ubiquitous system for homeostasis and pathologies Covid-19: the renin-angiotensin system imbalance hypothesis Organ-specific distribution of ACE2 mRNA and correlating peptidase activity in rodents High expression of ACE2 receptor of 2019-nCoV on the epithelial cells of oral mucosa Single-cell RNA-seq data analysis on the receptor ACE2 expression reveals the potential risk of different human organs vulnerable to 2019-nCoV infection Is the kidney a target of SARS The immune system of children: the key to understanding SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility? Kawasaki-like multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children during the COVID-19 prospective observational study Fatal outcome of COVID-19 disease in a 5-month infant with comorbidities Hyperinflammatory shock in children during COVID-19 pandemic Characteristics, cardiac involvement, and outcomes of multisystem inflammatory disease of childhood (MIS-C) associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection Anal swab findings in an infant with COVID-19 Special issues for coronavirus disease 2019 in children and adolescents SARS-CoV-2 infection in children in Parma Renal dysfunction in hospitalised children with COVID-19 Managing COVID-19-positive maternal-infant dyads: an Italian experience Atypical presentation of COVID-19 in young 24 Clinical and epidemiological features of 36 children with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Zhejiang, China: an observational cohort study Gastrointestinal features in children with COVID-19: an observation of varied presentation in eight children Septic shock presentation in adolescents with COVID-19 Toxic shock-like syndrome and COVID-19: a case report of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children Novel coronavirus infection in newborn babies aged < 28 days in China Febrile infant Acute myocardial injury: a novel clinical pattern in children with COVID-19 Cutaneous manifestations in COVID-19: a skin rash in a child Horizontal transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 to a premature infant: multiple organ injury and association with markers of inflammation Tetralogy of Fallot palliation in a COVID-19 positive neonate A 55-day-old female infant infected with 2019 novel coronavirus disease: presenting with pneumonia, liver injury, and heart damage Hematuria associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in a child Late-onset neonatal sepsis in a patient with COVID-19 COVID-19) infection: a case report and review of literature Novel coronavirus in a 15-day-old neonate with clinical signs of sepsis, a case report Thalassemic child presenting with anosmia due to COVID-19 infection in a paucisymptomatic infant: raising the index of suspicion in epidemic settings The cytokine storm and COVID-19 Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus. However, this hypothesis remains speculative, as one study found that SARS-CoV-2 was not always detected in stool samples of COVID-19 patients with GI manifestations.
    keywords: ace2; children; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; manifestations; patients; sars; symptoms
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        item: #4565 of 5187
          id: cord-343128-sh77c0af
      author: Bwire, G. M.
       title: Profiling the positive detection rate of SARS-CoV-2 using polymerase chain reaction in different types of clinical specimens: a systematic review and meta-analysis
        date: 2020-06-12
       words: 3330
      flesch: 44
     summary: For the purpose of guiding the selection of clinical specimens for clinical diagnosis of COVID-19, conducting the current systematic review which aimed at profiling the positive detection rate from different clinical specimens using PCR was necessary. key: cord-343128-sh77c0af authors: Bwire, G. M.; Majigo, M. V.; Njiro, B. J.; Mawazo, A. title: Profiling the positive detection rate of SARS-CoV-2 using polymerase chain reaction in different types of clinical specimens: a systematic review and meta-analysis date: 2020-06-12 journal: nan DOI: 10.1101/2020.06.11.20128389 sha: doc_id: 343128 cord_uid: sh77c0af Background: Testing is one of the commendable preventive measures against coronavirus disease (COVID_19), and needs to be done using both most appropriate specimen and an accurate diagnostic test like real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT_PCR).
    keywords: cov-2; license; medrxiv; preprint; sars; specimens
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        item: #4566 of 5187
          id: cord-343136-kftffes0
      author: Mohon, Abu Naser
       title: Optimization and clinical validation of dual-target RT-LAMP for SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-09-15
       words: 2595
      flesch: 44
     summary: The RT-LAMP assay described is unique in that it offers the most thorough clinical validation to date meeting regulatory standards which include precision studies on several instruments, reproducibility studies over 20 days, a robust clinical validation sample set, and a limit of detection equal or superior to other LAMP studies (50 copies per reaction). LAMP primer sets were designed targeting unique regions of the Spike (S) protein gene and RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase gene (RdRP) were ultimately used (Table 1) .
    keywords: detection; gene; lamp; pcr; reaction; sars
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        item: #4567 of 5187
          id: cord-343143-tzuhig3f
      author: Chen, Rong-chang
       title: Treatment of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome With Glucosteroids The Guangzhou Experience
        date: 2006-06-30
       words: 4650
      flesch: 38
     summary: However, the result of a logistic regression based on the data of 152 critical SARS cases showed that steroid therapy significantly reduced the case fatality among critical SARS patients after the death-related variables were adjusted, such as age, rigor at onset, secondary lower respiratory infection, pulmonary rales, and OI grading (1, Ͻ 100; 2, Ն 100 and Ͻ 200; 3, Ն 200 and Ͻ 300; and 4, Ն 300). However, based on the data of 152 critical SARS cases, the result of Cox regression showed that use of steroids reduced the odds of case fatality among critical SARS patients ( Table 6 ).
    keywords: acute; cases; corticosteroid; patients; sars; steroid; study; syndrome; therapy; treatment
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        item: #4568 of 5187
          id: cord-343148-rp3kmd80
      author: Ayatollahi, Parisa
       title: Possible Autoimmune Encephalitis with Claustrum Sign in case of Acute SARS-CoV-2 Infection
        date: 2020-09-17
       words: 1037
      flesch: 32
     summary: Claustrum hyperintensities: a potential clue to autoimmune epilepsy A clinical approach to diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis New-onset refractory status epilepticus with claustrum damage: definition of the clinical and neuroimaging features A first case of meningitis/ encephalitis associated with SARS-Coronavirus-2 A case of limbic encephalitis associated with asymptomatic COVID-19 infection Neurological manifestations in COVID-19 infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis Neurological and neuropsychiatric impacts of COVID-19 pandemic Neurologic and neuroimaging findings in COVID-19 patients: a retrospective multicenter study Follow-up brain MRI 1 month after scan shown in Figure 1. CSF PCR for SARS-CoV-2 has been nearly invariably negative not only in presumptive COVID-19 encephalitis patients but also in patients with severe systemic COVID-19 illness and neurological/ neuroimaging abnormalities, suggesting neurological abnormalities may not be due to glioneuronal infection with SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: claustrum; covid-19; encephalitis; hyperintensities
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        item: #4569 of 5187
          id: cord-343185-lbmbp9ca
      author: Hansen, C. B.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses determine disease severity in COVID-19 infected individuals
        date: 2020-07-29
       words: 5360
      flesch: 42
     summary: In a recent phase 1 trial, antibody responses against a vaccine candidate (S-2P antigen) and the RBD were assessed, finding similar Ig responses in pattern and magnitude between both antigens (17) . In conclusion, we have established robust, flexible and specific ELISA-based platforms for detection SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and presented novel insight into the link between antibody responses and COVID-19 disease severity. .
    keywords: antibody; cov-2; disease; july; license; medrxiv; medrxiv preprint; perpetuity; preprint; protein; sars; version
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        item: #4570 of 5187
          id: cord-343192-fkc7af9y
      author: Chen, Siyang
       title: Comment on “Central Nervous System Involvement by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus ‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2)”
        date: 2020-05-08
       words: 1199
      flesch: 36
     summary: Nevertheless, at least in this reported patient, the viral replication in BBB endothelial may point to a hematogenous route for virus infection of CNS. Although there have been several reports previously suggesting that the similar SARS-CoV-2 virus could infect neuronal cells and cause central and peripheral neurological morbidities in COVID-19 patients (3) (4) (5) , few direct detection of virus by RT-PCR in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has casted earlier doubt whether there is indeed a direct infection of central nervous system (CNS).
    keywords: cns; cov-2; sars
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        item: #4571 of 5187
          id: cord-343273-zaaraiy7
      author: Hensley, Lisa E.
       title: Interferon-β 1a and SARS Coronavirus Replication
        date: 2004-02-17
       words: 1010
      flesch: 36
     summary: Faced with a burgeoning epidemic of SARS cases and a lack of effective treatment options, identifying compounds with antiviral activity that could be potential therapeutics has become a high priority. key: cord-343273-zaaraiy7 authors: Hensley, Lisa E.; Fritz, Elizabeth A.; Jahrling, Peter B.; Karp, Christopher; Huggins, John W.; Geisbert, Thomas W. title: Interferon-β 1a and SARS Coronavirus Replication date: 2004-02-17 journal: Emerg Infect Dis DOI: 10.3201/eid1002.030482 sha: doc_id: 343273 cord_uid: zaaraiy7 A global outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) caused by a novel coronavirus began in March 2003.
    keywords: ifn; sars
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        item: #4572 of 5187
          id: cord-343317-97n1j0jj
      author: Duan, Xiaohua
       title: Identification of Drugs Blocking SARS-CoV-2 Infection using Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Colonic Organoids
        date: 2020-05-02
       words: 3780
      flesch: 49
     summary: However, such transgenic animals fail to fully recapitulate the cellular phenotype and host response of human cells 11, 12 . Using disease-relevant normal colonic human cells, we screened 1280 FDA-approved compounds and identified MPA and QNHC, two drugs that can block the entry of SARS-CoV-2 into human cells.
    keywords: cells; cos; cov-2; entry; fig; hpsc; infection; organoids; pseudo; sars; virus
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        item: #4573 of 5187
          id: cord-343330-wuzts3mt
      author: Ramos da Silva, S.
       title: Broad SARS-CoV-2 cell tropism and immunopathology in lung tissues from fatal COVID-19
        date: 2020-09-29
       words: 3454
      flesch: 40
     summary: Interpretation In lung tissues from severely affected COVID-19 patients, there is evidence for broad SARS-CoV-2 cell tropisms, activation of immune cells, and clearance of immunosuppressive cells, which could contribute to severe tissue damage, thromboemboli, excess inflammation and compromised adaptive immune responses. We searched PubMed up to 77 September 15, 2020 using the keywords coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19, 78 SARS-CoV-2, cell tropism, cell markers, inflammation, interleukin 6, immune 79 response, immune suppression, immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry, In lung tissues from severely affected COVID-19 patients, there is evidence for broad 107 SARS-CoV-2 cell tropisms, hyperactive immune cells, and clearance of immune cells 108 including immunosuppressive cells, which could contribute to severe tissue damage, 109 thromboemboli, excess inflammation and compromised adaptive immune responses.
    keywords: cells; color; covid-19; license; patients; preprint; sars
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        item: #4574 of 5187
          id: cord-343333-4krrmjio
      author: Salazar, Martín
       title: COVID-19, Hipertensión y Enfermedad cardiovascular
        date: 2020-06-18
       words: 2414
      flesch: 34
     summary: Al momento, se han registrado varios ensayos clínicos que evaluarán la acción de ARA y IECA sobre la evolución de la infección viral. De hecho, la elevación de la troponina y las anormalidades electrocardiográficas son hallazgos frecuentes.
    keywords: cardiovascular; con; cov-2; covid-19; enfermedad; los; más; pacientes; por; que; sars
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        item: #4575 of 5187
          id: cord-343340-zi0rfidc
      author: Aragón‐Caqueo, Diego
       title: Optimization of group size in pool testing strategy for SARS‐CoV‐2: A simple mathematical model
        date: 2020-05-03
       words: 3324
      flesch: 44
     summary: key: cord-343340-zi0rfidc authors: Aragón‐Caqueo, Diego; Fernández‐Salinas, Javier; Laroze, David title: Optimization of group size in pool testing strategy for SARS‐CoV‐2: A simple mathematical model date: 2020-05-03 journal: J Med Virol DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25929 sha: doc_id: 343340 cord_uid: zi0rfidc Coronavirus disease (Covid‐19) has reached unprecedented pandemic levels and is affecting almost every country in the world. From prevalence ranging from 0.08 to 0.2, the net saving of test kits using pool testing strategy is still significant, saving around 46.6% to 17.9% of the tests if an individual testing strategy were to be performed in the same number of subjects, thus, covering a greater portion of the population.
    keywords: group; pool; prevalence; strategy; testing; tests
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        item: #4576 of 5187
          id: cord-343357-5nhyumxl
      author: Heegaard, Peter M. H.
       title: Animal Models for COVID-19: More to the Picture Than ACE2, Rodents, Ferrets, and Non-human Primates. A Case for Porcine Respiratory Coronavirus and the Obese Ossabaw Pig
        date: 2020-09-25
       words: 3451
      flesch: 28
     summary: Impact of obesity and metabolic syndrome on immunity The pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 in hACE2 transgenic mice Endocrine and metabolic link to coronavirus infection Problem pigs in a poke: a good pool of data Preliminary estimates of the prevalence of selected underlying health conditions among patients with coronavirus disease 2019 -United States Severe outcomes among patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) -United States Simulation of the clinical and pathological manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in golden Syrian hamster model: implications for disease pathogenesis and transmissibility Animal models of mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 pathology From mice to monkeys, animals studied for coronavirus answers The spike glycoprotein of the new coronavirus 2019-nCoV contains a furin-like cleavage site absent in CoV of the same clade Further characterization of aminopeptidase-N as a receptor for coronaviruses Clinical characteristics of fatal and recovered cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China: a retrospective study ACE2 receptor polymorphism: susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2, hypertension, multi-organ failure, and COVID-19 disease outcome A multibasic cleavage site in the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 is essential for infection of human lung cells Altered pathogenesis of porcine respiratory coronavirus in pigs due to immunosuppressive effects of dexamethasone: implications for corticosteroid use in treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Infection and rapid transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in ferrets Receptor recognition mechanisms of coronaviruses: a decade of structural studies Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus Spike protein recognition of mammalian ACE2 predicts the host range and an optimized ACE2 for SARS CoV-2 infection COVID-19: consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression Respiratory disease in rhesus macaques inoculated with SARS-CoV-2 SARS-CoV-2 infection in farmed minks, the Netherlands Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus-induced immunosuppression exacerbates the inflammatory response to porcine respiratory coronavirus in pigs Presenting characteristics, comorbidities, and outcomes among 5700 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in the New York city area Immunosuppression for hyperinflammation in COVID-19: a double-edged sword? Comparative pathogenesis of COVID-19, MERS, and SARS in a nonhuman primate model Orosomucoid expression profiles in liver, adipose tissues and serum of lean and obese domestic pigs, Göttingen minipigs and Ossabaw minipigs Animal coronaviruses: what can they teach us about the severe acute respiratory syndrome? Cytokine storm in the lungs and inflammation are suggested as essential for the escalating and prolonged lung disease observed in severely affected COVID-19 patients, as is also the case for other severe human coronavirus infections like SARS and MERS (Mehta et al., 2020) .
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; disease; et al; infection; sars
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        item: #4577 of 5187
          id: cord-343362-4u2re1cu
      author: Liu, Jianjun
       title: SARS Transmission Pattern in Singapore Reassessed by Viral Sequence Variation Analysis
        date: 2005-02-22
       words: 5408
      flesch: 39
     summary: Furthermore, sequence variation analyses of SARS-CoV isolates demonstrated that common genetic variations in the SARS-CoV genome could be used as 'molecular fingerprints' to partition the viral isolates into different genetic lineages, track the transmission of a specific viral lineage, and infer the origin of infection [5, 6] . Direct viral sequence variation analysis of uncultured lung tissue samples identified cases of heterogeneous viral sequences in single patient samples.
    keywords: analysis; cov; isolates; patient; samples; sars; sequence; t t; viral
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        item: #4578 of 5187
          id: cord-343365-4y9fedcr
      author: Chang, Christopher
       title: Unmet Needs in Respiratory Diseases: “You Can’t Know Where You Are Going Until You Know Where You Have Been”—Anonymous
        date: 2013-11-30
       words: 7303
      flesch: 45
     summary: key: cord-343365-4y9fedcr authors: Chang, Christopher title: Unmet Needs in Respiratory Diseases: “You Can’t Know Where You Are Going Until You Know Where You Have Been”—Anonymous date: 2013-11-30 journal: Clin Rev Allergy Immunol DOI: 10.1007/s12016-013-8399-2 sha: doc_id: 343365 cord_uid: 4y9fedcr The care of patients with respiratory diseases has improved vastly in the past 50 years.
    keywords: asthma; biomarkers; development; disease; fibrosis; gene; patients; pertussis; rsv; therapy; treatment; tuberculosis; vaccine; virus; years
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        item: #4579 of 5187
          id: cord-343415-lj2trn85
      author: Del Barba, Paolo
       title: COVID‐19 cardiac involvement in a 38‐day old infant
        date: 2020-06-18
       words: 998
      flesch: 41
     summary: 1 COVID-19 may indeed have cardiac complications, including myocarditis, 2 and up to 31% of children have myocardial enzyme elevation, mainly creatine kinase MB, despite no specific sign or symptom of clinical cardiac disease. For the first time, we report the case of an infant affected by COVID-19 with documented mild cardiac involvement.
    keywords: cardiac; covid-19; involvement
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        item: #4580 of 5187
          id: cord-343455-v1648kng
      author: Zhu, Na
       title: Morphogenesis and cytopathic effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection in human airway epithelial cells
        date: 2020-08-06
       words: 4149
      flesch: 41
     summary: HAE cells also serve as an in vitro physiological model of human lung origin to investigate the morphogenesis and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 7 . In this study, we compared the characteristics of the replication dynamics, cell tropism, and morphogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 and HCoV-NL63 in HAE cells, which express the shared receptor, to better understand the pathogenesis and transmission of SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; cov-2; fig; hae; hcov; human; infection; particles; sars; virus
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        item: #4581 of 5187
          id: cord-343476-0chuwvg6
      author: MacLean, Oscar A.
       title: Evidence of significant natural selection in the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 in bats, not humans
        date: 2020-05-29
       words: 1386
      flesch: 45
     summary: dN/dS was approximately 0.6 in singletons, suggesting that 40% of nonsynonymous mutations are strongly deleterious and therefore never observed in the population. It is important to consider that the observed frequencies are likely to differ from true global frequencies due to biased sampling of infections in the pandemic 4 , and so we caution against overinterpretation of specific mutation frequencies.
    keywords: mutations; sars; selection
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        item: #4582 of 5187
          id: cord-343502-1n0o4akm
      author: Chen, Zhang-Ren
       title: Pharmacotherapics Advice in Guidelines for COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-24
       words: 4070
      flesch: 36
     summary: To date, there is still no approved specific antiviral drug for COVID-19, and providing supportive care to help relieve symptoms is the most vital strategy for COVID-19 treatment. Chinese Guidelines recommended abidol for anti-COVID-19 treatment from the 6th edition.
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; guidelines; lopinavir; patients; ritonavir; sars; treatment
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        item: #4583 of 5187
          id: cord-343515-fad1yyqx
      author: Felgenhauer, Ulrike
       title: Inhibition of SARS–CoV-2 by type I and type III interferons
        date: 2020-10-09
       words: 2939
      flesch: 41
     summary: CrossRef 29 SARS-CoV pathogenesis is regulated by a STAT1 dependent but a type I, II and III interferon receptor independent mechanism Pegylated interferon-alpha protects type 1 pneumocytes against SARS coronavirus infection in macaques Combined action of type I and type III interferon restricts initial replication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in the lung but fails to inhibit systemic virus spread Interferon-lambda contributes to innate immunity of mice against influenza A virus but not against hepatotropic viruses Ribavirin and interferon therapy for critically ill patients with middle east respiratory syndrome: a multicenter observational study Interferon alfacon-1 plus corticosteroids in severe acute respiratory syndrome: a preliminary study Ribavirin and interferon alfa-2a for severe Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection: a retrospective cohort study Sensitivity of SARS/ MERS CoV to interferons and other drugs based on achievable serum concentrations in humans SARS: systematic review of treatment effects Disease-promoting effects of type I interferons in viral, bacterial, and coinfections COVID-19: combining antiviral and anti-inflammatory treatments Side effects of ruxolitinib in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection: two case reports Transmission of 2019-nCoV infection from an asymptomatic contact in Germany Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome A recombinant human interferon-alpha B/D hybrid with a broad host-range The influence of the rs30461 single nucleotide polymorphism on IFN-l1 activity and secretion BMDP Statistical Software Manual Moreover, type I IFN seems to have a more profound effect than type III IFN.
    keywords: cells; cov-1; ifn; iii; interferon; sars; type; virus
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        item: #4584 of 5187
          id: cord-343517-vf32wxkx
      author: Lokman, Syed Mohammad
       title: Exploring the genomic and proteomic variations of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein: a computational biology approach
        date: 2020-04-11
       words: 2752
      flesch: 43
     summary: Based on the phylogenetic studies, the SARS-CoV-2 is categorized as a member of the genus Betacoronavirus, the same lineage that includes SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees Bootstrap confidence levels for phylogenetic trees Evolutionary divergence and convergence in proteins SWISS-MODEL: homology modelling of protein structures and complexes Structure validation by Calpha geometry: Phi, psi and Cbeta deviation Pymol: An open-source molecular graphics tool Receptor recognition mechanisms of coronaviruses: a decade of structural studies A Parvovirus B19 synthetic genome: Sequence features and functional competence Cryo-EM structures of MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV spike glycoproteins reveal the dynamic receptor binding domains Cryo-electron microscopy structures of the SARS-CoV spike glycoprotein reveal a prerequisite conformational state for receptor binding Long-term protection from SARS coronavirus infection conferred by a single immunization with an attenuated VSV-based vaccine Human monoclonal antibodies against highly conserved HR1 and HR2 domains of the SARS-CoV spike protein are more broadly neutralizing A truncated receptor-binding domain of MERS-CoV spike protein potently inhibits MERS-CoV infection and induces strong neutralizing antibody responses: Implication for developing therapeutics and vaccines Fusion mechanism of 2019-nCoV and fusion inhibitors targeting HR1 domain in spike protein Role of changes in SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in the interaction with the human ACE2 receptor:
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; domain; glycoprotein; protein; receptor; sars; spike; variations
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        item: #4585 of 5187
          id: cord-343523-xb4ee5r5
      author: Azouz, Haya
       title: COVID-19 in an Infant with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: A Case Report
        date: 2020-10-05
       words: 1200
      flesch: 49
     summary: Coronavirus disease 2019 in children -United States SARS-CoV-2 infection in a 2-week-old male with neutropenia Epidemiological characteristics of 2143 pediatric patients with 2019 coronavirus disease in China Systematic review of COVID-19 in children shows milder cases and a better prognosis than adults Laboratory abnormalities in children with novel coronavirus disease 2019 Longitudinal assessment of illnesses, stress dosing, and illness sequelae in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia Dexamethasone in hospitalized patients with Covid-19 -preliminary report Haya Azouz https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2321-5528 In a study conducted on 2143 pediatric patients in China, more than 90% of pediatric patients were asymptomatic or had mild disease presenting with cough and fever without desaturation or gastrointestinal involvement.
    keywords: cov-2; infant; patients; sars
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        item: #4586 of 5187
          id: cord-343566-epvswt7f
      author: Wang, Zhao-Hua
       title: Critically Ill Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 in a Designated ICU: Clinical Features and Predictors for Mortality
        date: 2020-07-20
       words: 3295
      flesch: 47
     summary: Several previous descriptive cohort studies have reported epidemiological, demographic, and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients, as well as severe cases. SARS-CoV-2 could also cause myocardial injury, as assessed by increased troponin I level accompanying increased cardiovascular symptoms in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: covid-19; data; hospital; mortality; patients; sars; sofa; study; survivors
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        item: #4587 of 5187
          id: cord-343569-9th5bcv0
      author: Fu, Yu-Zhi
       title: SARS-CoV-2 membrane glycoprotein M antagonizes the MAVS-mediated innate antiviral response
        date: 2020-10-27
       words: 3419
      flesch: 38
     summary: The trinity of COVID-19: immunity, inflammation and intervention Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Clinical Features of 69 Cases with Coronavirus Disease A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China Spread of SARS-CoV-2 in the Icelandic Population Type I IFN immunoprofiling in COVID-19 patients SARS-CoV-2 membrane glycoprotein M antagonizes the MAVS-mediated innate Impaired type I interferon activity and inflammatory responses in severe COVID-19 patients Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus M protein inhibits type I interferon production by impeding the formation of TRAF3.TANK.TBK1/ IKKepsilon complex Type I. and Type III Interferons -Induction, Signaling, Evasion, and Application to Combat COVID-19 Respiratory Virus Infections: Understanding COVID-19 SNX8 modulates the innate immune response to RNA viruses by regulating the aggregation of VISA Innate immune response to cytoplasmic DNA: mechanisms and diseases Human cytomegalovirus protein UL42 antagonizes cGAS/MITAmediated innate antiviral response Human Cytomegalovirus DNA Polymerase Subunit UL44 Antagonizes Antiviral Immune Responses by Suppressing IRF3-and NF-kappaB-Mediated Transcription Suppression of innate antiviral response by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus M protein is mediated through the first transmembrane domain Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus nsp1 protein suppresses host gene expression by promoting host mRNA degradation Activation and evasion of type I interferon responses by SARS-CoV-2 SARS-CoV-2 nsp13, nsp14, nsp15 and orf6 function as potent interferon antagonists Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus M protein suppresses type I interferon expression through the inhibition of TBK1-dependent phosphorylation of IRF3 Human Cytomegalovirus Protein UL94 Targets MITA to Evade the Antiviral Immune Response A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 in Transgenic Mice Expressing Human Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 The Zinc-Finger Protein ZCCHC3 Binds RNA and Facilitates Viral RNA Sensing and Activation of the RIG-I-like Receptors Human Cytomegalovirus Tegument Protein UL82 Inhibits STING-Mediated Signaling to Evade Antiviral Immunity We thank Zheng-Li Shi and Peng-Zhou for providing the SARS-CoV-2 cDNA. Cytoplasmic mechanisms of recognition and defense of microbial nucleic acids Innate immune sensing and signaling of cytosolic nucleic acids Pathogen recognition and innate immunity Pattern recognition receptors and inflammation Nucleic acid recognition by the innate immune system mda-5: An interferon-inducible putative RNA helicase with doublestranded RNA-dependent ATPase activity and melanoma growth-suppressive properties The RNA helicase RIG-I has an essential function in doublestranded RNA-induced innate antiviral responses The V proteins of paramyxoviruses bind the IFN-inducible RNA helicase, mda-5, and inhibit its activation of the IFN-beta promoter IPS-1, an adaptor triggering RIG-I-and Mda5-mediated type I interferon induction Cardif is an adaptor protein in the RIG-I antiviral pathway and is targeted by hepatitis C virus Identification and characterization of MAVS, a mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein that activates NF-kappaB and IRF 3 VISA is an adapter protein required for virus-triggered IFN-beta signaling MAVS forms functional prion-like aggregates to activate and propagate antiviral innate immune response PKACs attenuate innate antiviral response by phosphorylating VISA and priming it for MARCH5-mediated degradation RNA recognition and signal transduction by RIG-I-like receptors Virus-triggered ubiquitination of TRAF3/6 by cIAP1/2 is essential for induction of interferon-beta (IFN-beta) and cellular antiviral response WDR5 is essential for assembly of the VISA-associated signaling complex and virus-triggered IRF3 and NF-kappaB activation A SARS-CoV-2-human protein-protein interaction map reveals drug targets and potential drug-repurposing.
    keywords: cells; cov-2; fig; mavs; protein; response; sars; tbk1
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        item: #4588 of 5187
          id: cord-343586-28ezisog
      author: Rocca, María Florencia
       title: A Combined approach of MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry and multivariate analysis as a potential tool for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus in nasopharyngeal swabs
        date: 2020-05-07
       words: 1500
      flesch: 40
     summary: Binary peak matching tables were exported to summarize the presence of peak classes. All raw spectra were imported into the Bionumerics database with x-axis trimming to a minimum of 1960 m/z. Baseline subtraction (with a rolling disc with a size of 50 points), noise computing (continuous wavelet transformation, CWT), smooth (Kaiser Window with a window size of 20 points and beta of 10 points), and peak detection (CWT with a minimum signal to noise ratio of 1) were performed.
    keywords: cov-2; peak; samples; sars; spectra
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        item: #4589 of 5187
          id: cord-343604-v986m9jd
      author: Vijayakumar, Balaji Gowrivel
       title: In silico pharmacokinetic and molecular docking studies of natural flavonoids and synthetic indole chalcones against essential proteins of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-08-06
       words: 1261
      flesch: 10
     summary: Hence, these flavonoids and structurally similar indole chalcones derivatives were studied in silico for their pharmacokinetic properties including absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, toxicity (ADMET) and anti-SARS-CoV-2 properties against their proteins, namely, RNA dependent RNA polymerase (rdrp), main protease (M(pro)) and Spike (S) protein via homology modelling and docking. Cyanidin may inhibit RNA polymerase function and, Quercetin is found to block interaction sites on the viral spike.
    keywords: coronavirus; flavonoids; indole; proteins; rna; sars
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        item: #4590 of 5187
          id: cord-343618-jjb8da4a
      author: Nie, Kai
       title: Gastrointestinal insights during the COVID-19 epidemic
        date: 2020-09-26
       words: 2049
      flesch: 37
     summary: Although respiratory symptoms are the main complication in COVID-19 patients, the disease is also associated with gastrointestinal problems, with diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting being primary COVID-19 symptoms. Clinically, COVID-19 patients frequently present with gastrointestinal symptoms, including diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; patients; sars; stool
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        item: #4591 of 5187
          id: cord-343691-sjz5og78
      author: Nakajima, Kei
       title: Serious Conditions in COVID-19 Accompanied With a Feature of Metabolic Syndrome
        date: 2020-05-08
       words: 1225
      flesch: 37
     summary: Obesity (Silver Spring) Obesity in patients younger than 60 years is a risk factor for Covid-19 hospital admission Risk of COVID-19 for patients with obesity Covid-19 and diabetes mellitus: unveiling the interaction of two pandemics COVID-19 pandemic, coronaviruses, and diabetes mellitus COVID-19 in patients with diabetes: risk factors that increase morbidity Diabetes in COVID-19: Prevalence, pathophysiology, prognosis and practical considerations COVID-19 and diabetes: Knowledge in progress Are patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus at increased risk for COV-ID-19 infection? Coronavirus Infections and Type 2 Diabetes-Shared Pathways with Therapeutic Implications High prevalence of obesity in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) requiring invasive mechanical ventilation Diagnosis and management of the metabolic syndrome: an American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Scientific Statement A possible association between suspected restrictive pattern as assessed by ordinary pulmonary function test and the metabolic syndrome Association between low pulmonary function and metabolic risk factors in Korean adults: the Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey Relationships of decreased lung function with metabolic syndrome and obstructive sleep apnea in Japanese males Prediabetes and impaired lung function in asymptomatic adults Lung function changes in older people with metabolic syndrome and diabetes Association of restrictive ventilatory dysfunction with the development of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes in Koreans The vital capacity is vital: epidemiology and clinical significance of the restrictive spirometry pattern Metabolic syndrome as an independent risk factor of hypoxaemia in influenza A (H1N1) 2009 pandemic Morbid obesity as a risk factor for hospitalization and death due to 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) disease High body mass index as a risk factor for hospitalization due to influenza: a case-control study Is a single definition of the metabolic syndrome appropriate? In recent decades, many investigators have convincingly shown that people with obesity, prediabetes, diabetes and MetS are at increased risk for impaired lung function, and especially impaired restrictive lung pattern [16] [17] [18]
    keywords: covid-19; diabetes; mets; obesity
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        item: #4592 of 5187
          id: cord-343712-gn7fw891
      author: Taglauer, Elizabeth
       title: Consistent localization of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein and ACE2 over TMPRSS2 predominance in placental villi of 15 COVID-19 positive maternal-fetal dyads
        date: 2020-08-25
       words: 1498
      flesch: 20
     summary: We also found a statistically significant reduction in ACE2 expression 150 levels in COVID-19 Maternal placental tissues as compared to controls, (Fig. 3B) , but this finding Map, COVID-19 Map Clinical features and obstetric and neonatal outcomes of pregnant 221 patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective, single-centre, descriptive study, The 222 Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission 226 potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical 227 records A systematic scoping review of 231 COVID-19 during pregnancy and childbirth, International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: 232 the official organ of the International Federation of COVID-19 and newborn health: systematic review Rates of 240 Maternal and Perinatal Mortality and Vertical Transmission in Pregnancies Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-Co-V-2) Infection: A Systematic 242 Review Antibodies in Infants Born to 245 Mothers With COVID-19 Pneumonia The unique immunological and microbial aspects of 297 pregnancy Vertical transmission of COVID-19: SARS-CoV-2 RNA on the fetal side of 301 the placenta in pregnancies with COVID-19 positive mothers and neonates at birth Detection of SARS-COV-2 in Placental and Fetal Membrane Samples SARS-CoV-2 infection of the placenta Visualization of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 318 invading the human placenta using electron microscopy Placental 322 Pathology in COVID-19 Placental Pathology in Covid-19 Positive Mothers: Preliminary Pediatric and developmental pathology : the official journal of the Society for Pediatric 326 Pathology and the Hepatitis C 330 Virus Sensing by Human Trophoblasts Induces Innate Immune Responses and Recruitment of 331 Maternal NK Cells: Potential Implications for Limiting Vertical Transmission Placental 130 pathology diagnoses, listed in Table 2 , were notable for the presence of fibrin deposition and 131 signs of inflammation in COVID-19 Maternal placentas, however this did not meet statistical 132 significance.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; placental; sars
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        item: #4593 of 5187
          id: cord-343715-y594iewi
      author: Gavriatopoulou, Maria
       title: Organ-specific manifestations of COVID-19 infection
        date: 2020-07-27
       words: 8776
      flesch: 34
     summary: Cerebrovascular disease represents another mechanism explaining neurological signs and symptoms in COVID-19 patients, although the rate of acute stroke admissions has been significantly reduced over the COVID-19 pandemic [125] . Among COVID-19 patients who suffered a stroke, the rate of cryptogenic and embolic strokes was higher, and events were more severe and affected younger patients [126, 129] .
    keywords: ace2; acute; cells; china; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; injury; manifestations; patients; pneumonia; sars; study; symptoms; syndrome
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        item: #4594 of 5187
          id: cord-343757-e4hmo4yc
      author: Velavan, Thirumalaisamy P.
       title: The COVID‐19 epidemic
        date: 2020-02-16
       words: 1315
      flesch: 42
     summary: Chloroquine, by increasing the endosomal pH required for virus-cell fusion, has the potential of blocking viral infection [15] and was shown to affect activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), which is involved in replication of HCoV-229E As of early February 2020, China bears the large burden of morbidity and mortality, whereas the incidence in other Asian countries, in Europe and North America remains low so far. and is closely related to the SARS-CoV virus [3, 4] .
    keywords: china; coronavirus; infection; novel; sars
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        item: #4595 of 5187
          id: cord-343766-hlg7t5i5
      author: Vinken, Mathieu
       title: A putative AOP for pneumonia related to COVID-19
        date: 2020-07-20
       words: 996
      flesch: 33
     summary: Liver injury in COVID-19: the current evidence Adverse outcome pathways: a conceptual framework to support ecotoxicology research and risk assessment Increasing scientific confidence in adverse outcome pathways: application of tailored Bradford-Hill considerations for evaluating weight of evidence Harnessing the power of novel animal-free test methods for the development of COVID-19 drugs and vaccines Chest computed tomography findings of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia Severe acute lung injury related to COVID-19 infection: a review and the possible role for escin A putative AOP for pneumonia linked to COVID-19 Facing COVID-19 in the ICU: vascular dysfunction, thrombosis, and dysregulated inflammation COVID-19 infection and oxidative stress: an under-explored approach for prevention and treatment? The future COVID-19 AOP network could also cover the different steps of virus infection and, especially, replication, now captured in a single KE.
    keywords: aop; covid-19
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        item: #4596 of 5187
          id: cord-343800-nbydaoac
      author: Cerutti, Francesco
       title: Urgent need of rapid tests for SARS CoV-2 antigen detection: evaluation of the SD-Biosensor antigen test for SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-09-29
       words: 1211
      flesch: 45
     summary: key: cord-343800-nbydaoac authors: Cerutti, Francesco; Burdino, Elisa; Milia, Maria Grazia; Allice, Tiziano; Gregori, Gabriella; Bruzzone, Bianca; Ghisetti, Valeria title: Urgent need of rapid tests for SARS CoV-2 antigen detection: evaluation of the SD-Biosensor antigen test for SARS-CoV-2 date: 2020-09-29 journal: J Clin Virol DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104654 sha: doc_id: 343800 cord_uid: nbydaoac At the time of writing, FIND has listed four CE-marked SARSCoV-2 antigen tests. The adoption of POCT for SARS CoV-2 testing is certainly more suitable in point of care centers for mass screening where the prevalence of COVID-19 is much lower and the pre-test probability of not having the disease is higher than that in the patients admitted to the emergency room were the pre-test probability of having COVID-19 is significantly higher and false negative results are relevant for the correct management of patients.
    keywords: covid-19; detection; sars
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        item: #4597 of 5187
          id: cord-343808-uqhiyj56
      author: Kuo, Hsiao-I.
       title: Assessing impacts of SARS and Avian Flu on international tourism demand to Asia
        date: 2008-01-07
       words: 7256
      flesch: 45
     summary: Song and Witt (2000) pointed out that the static regressions of tourism demand models might emerge numerous problems, such as structural instability, forecasting failures and spurious regression. key: cord-343808-uqhiyj56 authors: Kuo, Hsiao-I.; Chen, Chi-Chung; Tseng, Wei-Chun; Ju, Lan-Fen; Huang, Bing-Wen title: Assessing impacts of SARS and Avian Flu on international tourism demand to Asia date: 2008-01-07 journal: Tour Manag DOI: 10.1016/j.tourman.2007.10.006 sha: doc_id: 343808 cord_uid: uqhiyj56 The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impacts of infectious diseases including Avian Flu and severe acute respiratory syndrome (hereafter SARS) on international tourist arrivals in Asian countries using both single datasets and panel data procedures.
    keywords: armax; avian; countries; flu; model; results; sars; series; tourism; tourism demand
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        item: #4598 of 5187
          id: cord-343818-pj1oludh
      author: Liu, Chan
       title: Children with COVID-19 behaving milder may challenge the public policies: a systematic review and meta-analysis
        date: 2020-09-01
       words: 4852
      flesch: 44
     summary: Note: a Vulnerable children include children who are supported by social care, those with safeguarding and welfare needs, including child in need plans, on child protection plans, 'looked after' children, young carers, disabled children and those with education, health and care (EHC) plans b Other open child care programs are home-based child care, pre-kindergarten programs, Head Start and Early Head Start programs, temporary child care centers, and child care centers that partner with healthcare facilities to support healthcare workers who need child care Fever and cough are the most common symptoms in COVID-19 children, in our study, the pooled incidence of fever is 52.7%, which is lower than that in adults [41] , SARS [7, 42] and influenza
    keywords: analysis; cases; children; clinical; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; sars; studies
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        item: #4599 of 5187
          id: cord-343827-jo61t3m0
      author: Qian, Qun
       title: Direct evidence of active SARS-CoV-2 replication in the intestine
        date: 2020-07-08
       words: 1319
      flesch: 38
     summary: Notably, coincidence with rectal tissues of surgical specimens tested nucleic acid positive for SARS-CoV-2, typical coronavirus virions in rectal tissue were observed under electron microscopy. Immunohistochemical analysis and immunofluorescence were carried out on rectal tissues to evaluate the distribution of SARS-CoV-2 antigen, and immune cell infiltrations.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; patient; sars
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        item: #4600 of 5187
          id: cord-343836-daqrym0b
      author: Lange, Clemens
       title: Welche Bedeutung hat die Bindehaut als möglicher Übertragungsweg für eine SARS-CoV-2-Infektion?
        date: 2020-06-22
       words: 996
      flesch: 33
     summary: Eine potenzielle konjunktivale Übertragung von SARS-CoV-2 ist nicht abschließend geklärt und würde erhebliche Auswir-Abb. Dies verdeutlicht die Anfälligkeit verschiedenster Gewebe für eine SARS-CoV-2-Infektion und erklärt die klinische Beobachtung einer möglichen Beteiligung mehrerer Organe im Rahmen einer SARS-CoV-2-Infektion [19] .
    keywords: ace2; cov-2; covid-19; patients; sars; tmprss2; und
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        item: #4601 of 5187
          id: cord-343845-suoy3ojr
      author: Martín, Vicente
       title: Prevalencia de la Infección por SARS-CoV-2 en médicos y enfermeras de Atención Primaria y Residencias de Ancianos del Área de Salud de León y Factores asociados
        date: 2020-06-06
       words: 2714
      flesch: 45
     summary: RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar la prevalencia y los factores asociados a la infección por SARS-CoV-2 en médicos y enfermeras de centros de atención primaria y residencias de ancianos del área de salud de León (España). J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar la prevalencia y los factores asociados a la infección por SARS-CoV-2 en médicos y enfermeras de centros de atención primaria y residencias de ancianos del área de salud de León (España).
    keywords: cov-2; infección; infection; por; sars
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        item: #4602 of 5187
          id: cord-343850-p4bbb6vm
      author: Lin, Meng-Hsuan
       title: Structural, Biophysical, and Biochemical Elucidation of the SARS-CoV-2 Nonstructural Protein 3 Macro Domain
        date: 2020-09-18
       words: 5158
      flesch: 51
     summary: For further investigation of the structural differences between viral macro domains, we compared the ligand-binding site of macro domains from the SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV, and HCoV-229E ( Figure 6B) . Macro domains were identified in several positive-strand RNA viruses, including coronaviruses and alphaviruses.
    keywords: adpr; binding; cov-2; domain; figure; macro; macro domain; par; protein; ribose; sars; virus
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        item: #4603 of 5187
          id: cord-343864-0258nh92
      author: Straughn, Alex R.
       title: Withaferin A: a potential therapeutic agent against COVID-19 infection
        date: 2020-07-19
       words: 2922
      flesch: 39
     summary: Patients with Cancer appear more vulnerable to SARS-COV-2: a multicenter study during the COVID-19 outbreak Cancer patients in SARS-CoV-2 infection: a nationwide analysis in China Case fatality rate of Cancer patients with COVID-19 in a New York hospital system Clinical characteristics of COVID-19-infected cancer patients: a retrospective case study in three hospitals within Wuhan Estimating clinical severity of COVID-19 from the transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China Disruptions in Cancer Care in the Era of COVID-19 Coronavirus disease-2019 in cancer patients. One such comorbidity is the presence of an oncological malignancy, with cancer patients exhibiting an approximate two-fold increase in mortality rate.
    keywords: ace2; cancer; cells; cov-2; covid-19; patients; sars; wfa
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        item: #4604 of 5187
          id: cord-343870-g2v7ihud
      author: Liu, Wei
       title: Virus-, host-, immune-based targets for COVID-19 therapy
        date: 2020-10-06
       words: 1721
      flesch: 40
     summary: Including SARS-CoV-2, till-date, there are seven potential viral strains of Coronaviridae family have invaded the Sapiens that include: Anti-viral agents against different targets had exhibited profound therapeutic effect on SARS-CoV-2 through which the clinicians were able to control the COVID-19 outbreak.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; host; replication; sars
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        item: #4605 of 5187
          id: cord-343876-2inr4mcy
      author: Xie, Qin
       title: COVID-19 patients managed in psychiatric inpatient settings due to first-episode mental disorders in Wuhan, China: clinical characteristics, treatments, outcomes, and our experiences
        date: 2020-10-02
       words: 4839
      flesch: 35
     summary: Because COVID-19 patients with new onset of mental disorders are different from psychiatric patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 and most COVID-19 patients in real-world clinical practice have no mental disorders before the infection, we did not include SARS-CoV-2-infected psychiatric patients as subjects. During the outbreak of COVID-19, the selection of an appropriate treatment setting for COVID-19 patients with mental disorders is a dilemma: in respiratory treatment settings these patients are more likely to not adhere with The main findings of this comparative study are 1) adjustment disorder and acute and transient psychotic disorders, with associated acute stress were the main clinical diagnoses in the COVID-19 group and some other disorders had their organic basis such as delirium due to infection and chloroquine-induced psychosis, while serious mental illnesses (SMIs) and alcohol use disorders were overrepresented in the control group, a common feature of inpatients of most Chinese psychiatric hospitals; 2) a wide range of psychiatric symptoms were found in COVID-19 patients with mental disorders on admission, including psychotic symptoms, aggressive behaviors, and anxiety symptoms; 3) the most common respiratory symptom of COVID-19 patients was cough, followed by fever, chills, and fatigue; and 4) mental disorders and COVID-19 of most patients were successfully treated after symptomatic and supportive treatments, including conventional psychotropic treatment and antiviral treatment, and, COVID-19 patients left the hospital earlier than psychiatric patients without COVID-19, on average by 16 days after admission.
    keywords: covid-19; covid-19 patients; disorders; group; hospital; patients; psychiatric; symptoms; treatment
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        item: #4606 of 5187
          id: cord-343919-n8884bli
      author: Salvio, Gianmaria
       title: Bone Metabolism in SARS-CoV-2 Disease: Possible Osteoimmunology and Gender Implications
        date: 2020-09-01
       words: 3912
      flesch: 33
     summary: Even though the available data are limited, the RANK-RANKL system may provide the best therapeutic target to prevent bone resorption after COVID-19 disease. In contrast, other researchers have described leukopenia, rather than leukocytosis, as a common finding in patients with severe COVID-19 disease [11] [12]
    keywords: bone; cells; covid-19; disease; infection; patients; rankl; sars; system; vitamin
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        item: #4607 of 5187
          id: cord-343966-bfon094h
      author: Djaparidze, L.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 waves in Europe: A 2-stratum SEIRS model solution
        date: 2020-10-13
       words: 9928
      flesch: 49
     summary: A single attempt to fit reported deaths without this tool is enough to see how handy it is. Forcing the simulation to match the reported serology ratio disambiguates the isolation levels for vulnerable and healthy <60 and changes immunity level estimation (Table 6 ), but still allows to fit reported daily deaths (see reported and predicted curves coinciding in Graphics 1.1 to 1.6).
    keywords: day; deaths; funder; holder; isolation; license; medrxiv; peer; preprint; review; vulnerable
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        item: #4608 of 5187
          id: cord-343970-anocx4y1
      author: Bansal, Rashika
       title: Metabolic Syndrome and COVID 19: Endocrine-Immune-Vascular Interactions Shapes Clinical Course
        date: 2020-06-30
       words: 6538
      flesch: 33
     summary: ACE2 is expressed in pancreatic islets, vascular endothelium, and adipose tissue, and the SARS-CoV-2 -ACE2 interaction in these tissues, along with other factors, govern the spectrum and the severity of clinical manifestations among COVID-19 patients with metabolic syndrome. This review describes the spectrum of clinical features, the likely pathophysiologic mechanisms and potential implications for the management of metabolic syndrome in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: ace2; angiotensin; cell; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; diabetes; disease; infection; inflammatory; obesity; patients; risk; sars; type
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        item: #4609 of 5187
          id: cord-344003-oul2hdyq
      author: Maleki Dana, Parisa
       title: An Insight into the Sex Differences in COVID-19 Patients: What are the Possible Causes?
        date: 2020-06-18
       words: 2766
      flesch: 42
     summary: 9 Evidence suggested that female patients experienced some COVID-19 symptoms significantly more than male patients, such as fatigue, anosmia, headache, sore throat, and nasal obstruction. Moreover, case fatalities are higher in male patients than female patients.
    keywords: ace2; covid-19; differences; men; patients; sars; sex; women
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        item: #4610 of 5187
          id: cord-344006-0iq9s94n
      author: Atzrodt, Cassandra L.
       title: A Guide to COVID‐19: a global pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus SARS‐CoV‐2
        date: 2020-05-23
       words: 7289
      flesch: 47
     summary: Presenting Characteristics, Comorbidities, and Outcomes Among 5700 Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19 in the Race to find COVID-19 treatments accelerates Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro An orally bioavailable broad-spectrum antiviral inhibits SARS-CoV-2 in human airway epithelial cell cultures and multiple coronaviruses in mice Favipiravir (T-705), a broad spectrum inhibitor of viral RNA polymerase Accepted Article RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase by Remdesivir 120 Gilead Sciences Gilead Announces Results From Phase 3 Trial of Investigational Antiviral Remdesivir in Patients With Severe COVID-19 Some FDA Approved drugs exhibit binding affinity as high as kcal/mol against COVID-19 Main Protease (Mpro): A Molecular Docking Study IndiaRxiv Major ongoing clinical trials for COVID-19 treatment and studies currently being conducted or scheduled in Japan. CNN Kamisar B Oxford scientist says its vaccine is making headway, could show efficacy by WSJ News Exclusive | Drugmaker Moderna Delivers First Experimental Coronavirus Vaccine for Human Testing Long-term protection from SARS coronavirus infection conferred by a single immunization with an attenuated VSV-based vaccine Live bacterial vaccines -a review and identification of potential hazards.
    keywords: article; cell; copyright; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; drugs; human; patients; rights; rna; sars; symptoms; testing; vaccine; virus
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        item: #4611 of 5187
          id: cord-344012-npob20n0
      author: Gheblawi, Mahmoud
       title: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2: SARS-CoV-2 Receptor and Regulator of the Renin-Angiotensin System: Celebrating the 20th Anniversary of the Discovery of ACE2
        date: 2020-05-08
       words: 10498
      flesch: 27
     summary: Ang II can regulate ACE2 expression through the AT 1 R. Healthy hearts and kidneys are characterized by high levels of ACE2 mRNA and protein expression, with moderate expression of ACE. Pharmacological RAS blockade agents, ARBs, in particular, are capable of modulating both systemic and tissue RAS, and simultaneously increasing ACE2 expression and activity in experimental models.
    keywords: ace2; ang ii; angiotensin; converting; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; effects; enzyme; expression; gut; heart; hypertension; lung; mice; patients; ras; receptor; sars
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        item: #4612 of 5187
          id: cord-344017-qldawc8m
      author: Edouard, S.
       title: Evaluating the serological status of COVID-19 patients using an indirect immunofluorescent assay, France
        date: 2020-11-11
       words: 4022
      flesch: 40
     summary: We used it to assess the serological status of hundreds of COVID-19 patients and controls; as such, an assay has been only reported on a very small group of patients [14, 15] . key: cord-344017-qldawc8m authors: Edouard, S.; Colson, P.; Melenotte, C.; Di Pinto, F.; Thomas, L.; La Scola, B.; Million, M.; Tissot-Dupont, H.; Gautret, P.; Stein, A.; Brouqui, P.; Parola, P.; Lagier, J.-C.; Raoult, D.; Drancourt, Michel title: Evaluating the serological status of COVID-19 patients using an indirect immunofluorescent assay, France date: 2020-11-11 journal:
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; days; igg; outcome; patients; sars; sera
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        item: #4613 of 5187
          id: cord-344038-20n74z3o
      author: Han, Mi Seon
       title: Sequential analysis of viral load in a neonate and her mother infected with SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-04-16
       words: 1553
      flesch: 60
     summary: Currently, only three descriptive studies on neonates with COVID-19 have been reported, and to our knowledge, none have investigated viral dynamics in infected neonates As COVID-19 cases surge, the number of children with COVID-19 is also on the increase.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; neonate; sars
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        item: #4614 of 5187
          id: cord-344064-l3u4l3se
      author: Ghosh, Rajesh
       title: Computer aided identification of potential SARS CoV-2 main protease inhibitors from diterpenoids and biflavonoids of Torreya nucifera leaves
        date: 2020-11-03
       words: 8660
      flesch: 41
     summary: But whether these phytochemicals exhibit any inhibitory effect on SARS CoV-2 Mpro is unclear. Altogether, our study suggested that these three biflavonoids could possibly inhibit the proteolytic/catalytic activity of SARS CoV-2 Mpro and might be useful for COVID-19 treatment.
    keywords: amentoflavone; biflavonoids; bilobetin; binding; complex; complexes; energy; et al; figure; ginkgetin; lopinavir; mpro; sars
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        item: #4615 of 5187
          id: cord-344070-17oac3bg
      author: Silverman, Justin D
       title: Using ILI surveillance to estimate state-specific case detection rates and forecast SARS-CoV-2 spread in the United States
        date: 2020-04-03
       words: 5100
      flesch: 52
     summary: Many states, including Washington, New York, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Colorado, New Jersey, and Louisiana, have had a recent surge in number of non-influenza ILI cases far in excess of seasonal norms. This assumption allows us to calculate the number of non-influenza ILI cases as The resulting time-seriesỹ it are shown in Figure S4 .
    keywords: cov-2; covid; ili; influenza; license; preprint; rate; sars
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        item: #4616 of 5187
          id: cord-344120-7t5ce2hb
      author: Baroutjian, Amanda
       title: SARS-CoV-2 pharmacologic therapies and their safety/effectiveness according to level of evidence
        date: 2020-09-01
       words: 5292
      flesch: 49
     summary: While we await higher quality evidence from randomized control trials and meta-analyses, these results provide some context on the efficacy of pharmacologic therapy in COVID-19 patients. In the absence of a vaccine available to the public, there is a great need for level 1 evidence from randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses to support the development of evidence-based guidelines to treat COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: clinical; covid-19; day; days; group; improvement; patients; time
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        item: #4617 of 5187
          id: cord-344170-qrupbtem
      author: Biswas, Subrata K
       title: Genetic variation in SARS-CoV-2 may explain variable severity of COVID-19
        date: 2020-05-24
       words: 911
      flesch: 49
     summary: Whole genome and phylogenetic analysis of two SARS-CoV-2 strains isolated in Italy in Genomic characterization of a novel SARS-CoV-2 Genetic diversity and evolution of SARS-CoV-2 Emerging SARS-CoV-2 mutation hot spots include a novel RNA-dependent-RNA polymerase variant key: cord-344170-qrupbtem authors: Biswas, Subrata K; Mudi, Sonchita R title: Genetic variation in SARS-CoV-2 may explain variable severity of COVID-19 date: 2020-05-24 journal: Med Hypotheses DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109877 sha: doc_id: 344170 cord_uid: qrupbtem nan To the Editor: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is highly contagious and is rapidly spreading all over the world.
    keywords: covid-19; sars
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        item: #4618 of 5187
          id: cord-344180-v8xs5ej8
      author: Vadlamani, Bhaskar S.
       title: Functionalized TiO(2) Nanotube-Based Electrochemical Biosensor for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-10-17
       words: 5156
      flesch: 46
     summary: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Situation Report-69 The species Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus: Classifying 2019-nCoV and naming it SARS-CoV-2 Cluster of SARS among Medical Students Exposed to Single Patient Identification of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome in Canada The SARS-CoV-2 outbreak: What we know The socio-economic implications of the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19): A review Molecular Diagnosis of a Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Causing an Outbreak of Pneumonia Positive RT-PCR Test Results in Patients Recovered From COVID-19 A SARS-CoV-2 surrogate virus neutralization test based on antibody-mediated blockage of ACE2-spike protein-protein interaction Diagnostic performance of seven rapid IgG/IgM antibody tests and the Euroimmun IgA/IgG ELISA in COVID-19 patients Coronavirus infections and immune responses Structural and functional properties of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein: Potential antivirus drug development for COVID-19 Characterization of the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of 2019 novel coronavirus: Implication for development of RBD protein as a viral attachment inhibitor and vaccine Satchi-Fainaro, R. Immune-mediated approaches against COVID-19 Identification of SARS-CoV RBD-targeting monoclonal antibodies with cross-reactive or neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2 Electrochemical biosensors for pathogen detection An electrochemical immunosensor for the corona virus associated with the Middle East respiratory syndrome using an array of gold nanoparticle-modified carbon electrodes A colorimetric and electrochemical immunosensor for point-of-care detection of enterovirus 71 Electrochemical detection of in fl uenza virus H9N2 based on both immunomagnetic extraction and gold catalysis using an immobilization-free screen printed carbon microelectrode An impedance immunosensor based on low-cost microelectrodes and speci fi c monoclonal antibodies for rapid detection of avian in fl uenza virus H5N1 in chicken swabs Amperometry electrochemical studies indicated that the sensor could detect the protein in the concentration range 14 to 1400 nM. The relationship between sensor response and protein concentration was found to be linear with the limit of detection as low as~0.7 nM levels.
    keywords: cov-2; current; detection; figure; protein; rbd; rbd protein; sars; sensor; tnts
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        item: #4619 of 5187
          id: cord-344204-qq2vqzc2
      author: Hariharan, Apurva
       title: The Role and Therapeutic Potential of NF-kappa-B Pathway in Severe COVID-19 Patients
        date: 2020-11-07
       words: 5660
      flesch: 33
     summary: The data from epidemiological studies revealed sex-specific differences in the incidence and mortality in COVID-19 patients, where the mortality rate of men is more than female. The possible reason for this cytokine storm in COVID-19 patients might be the elevated level of anti-viral inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, IL-6, IL-2, IFN-γ and TNF-α) which were attenuated and diversified in SARS and MERS infections, respectively .
    keywords: activation; coronavirus; covid-19; cytokine; et al; pathway; patients; sars; storm; tnf
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        item: #4620 of 5187
          id: cord-344213-j3yextjl
      author: Sze, Shirley
       title: The need for improved discharge criteria for hospitalised patients with COVID-19—implications for patients in long term care facilities
        date: 2020-09-19
       words: 1198
      flesch: 40
     summary: [1] Globally, a high proportion of long term care facilities (LTCF) have reported COVID-19 outbreaks, with high rates of morbidity and mortality in residents. Surveillance of COVID-19 at long-term care facilities in the EU/EEA Mortality associated with COVID-19 outbreaks in care homes : early international evidence.
    keywords: covid-19; discharge; patients; symptom
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        item: #4621 of 5187
          id: cord-344217-kci4uw7u
      author: Majid, Sabhiya
       title: Managing the COVID-19 Pandemic: Research Strategies Based on the Evolutionary and Molecular Characteristics of Coronaviruses
        date: 2020-08-25
       words: 5657
      flesch: 39
     summary: mSphere Multibasic cleavage site in the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 is essential for infection of human lung cells Structure of SARS coronavirus spike receptor binding domain complexed with the receptor Structure of MERS-CoV spike receptor-binding domain complexed with human receptor DPP4 The bittersweet promise of glycobiology The novel coronavirus2019 (2019-nCoV) uses the SARS-coronavirus receptor ACE2 and the cellular protease TMPRSS2 for entry into target cells Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus Human coronavirus NL63employs the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus receptor for cellular entry ACE2 of the heart: from angiotensin I to angiotensin (1-7) Identification of a coronavirus hemagglutinin-esterase with a substrate specificity different from those of influenza C virus and bovine coronavirus COVID-19 infection: origin, transmission, and characteristics of human coronaviruses Genome composition and divergence of the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) originating in China The Association of Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Mellitus with COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) and their possible mechanisms Crystal structure of NL63 respiratory coronavirus receptor-binding complexed with its human receptor Structural basis of receptor recognition by SARS-CoV-2 Molecular basis of binding between novel human coronavirus MERS-CoV and its receptor CD26 Crystal structure of SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain bound with ACE Clinical management of adult coronavirus infection disease 2019 (COVID-19) positive in the setting of low and medium intensity of care: a short practical review Master regulator analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 /human interactome COVID-19 outbreak: an update on therapeutic options Publisher's Note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations SN Compr Clin Med Cryo-electron tomography of mouse hepatitis virus: insights into the structure of the coronavirion The molecular biology of coronaviruses Coronavirus: organization, replication and expression of genome Mechanisms and enzymes involved in SARS coronavirus genome expression Pre-fusion structure of a human coronavirus spike protein The M, E, and N structural proteins of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus are required for efficient assembly, trafficking, and release of virus-like particles
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; covs; disease; health; host; human; infection; novel; patients; protein; receptor; sars; syndrome
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        item: #4622 of 5187
          id: cord-344227-rdlinzrn
      author: Gralinski, Lisa E.
       title: Complement Activation Contributes to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Pathogenesis
        date: 2018-10-09
       words: 6595
      flesch: 36
     summary: Molecular evolution of the SARS coronavirus during the course of the SARS epidemic in China Characterization of a novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Severe acute respiratory syndrome Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia Severe acute respiratory syndrome vs. the Middle East respiratory syndrome A SARS-like cluster of circulating bat coronaviruses shows potential for human emergence Isolation and characterization of a bat SARS-like coronavirus that uses the ACE2 receptor Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus as an agent of emerging and reemerging infection Mannose-binding lectin in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Influence of Fc␥RIIA and MBL polymorphisms on severe acute respiratory syndrome A single asparagine-linked glycosylation site of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike glycoprotein facilitates inhibition by mannose-binding lectin through multiple mechanisms The SARS coronavirus spike glycoprotein is selectively recognized by lung surfactant protein D and activates macrophages Lack of association between polymorphisms of MASP2 and susceptibility to SARS coronavirus infection Molecules great and small: the complement system Complement: a key system for immune surveillance and homeostasis Blockade of the C5a-C5aR axis alleviates lung damage in hDPP4-transgenic mice infected with MERS-CoV Complement and viral pathogenesis Complement in lung disease Lack of the pattern recognition molecule mannosebinding lectin increases susceptibility to influenza A virus infection Interaction of C1q and mannan-binding lectin with viruses Th17 cytokines are critical for respiratory syncytial virus-associated airway hyperreponsiveness through regulation by complement C3a and tachykinins A protective role for complement C3 protein during pandemic 2009 H1N1 and H5N1 influenza A virus infection Mechanisms of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-induced acute lung injury New metrics for evaluating viral respiratory pathogenesis A major outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Dysregulated type I interferon and inflammatory monocyte-macrophage responses cause lethal pneumonia in SARS-CoVinfected mice The pathology and pathogenesis of experimental severe acute respiratory syndrome and influenza in animal models T cell responses are required for protection from clinical disease and for virus clearance in SARS-CoV-infected mice The complement system: history, pathways, cascade and inhibitors Complement system part I-molecular mechanisms of activation and regulation. In contrast, the data presented here, in conjunction with recent findings for Ross River virus (40, 41) , influenza virus (34) , and well-established autoimmune disease (42) , demonstrate that complement system activation can also lead to exacerbated disease.
    keywords: activation; acute; complement; cov; cov ma15; disease; fig; infected; infection; lung; ma15; mice; sars; virus
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        item: #4623 of 5187
          id: cord-344236-qp3ianzf
      author: Ali, Fedaa
       title: ACE2 coding variants in different populations and their potential impact on SARS-CoV-2 binding affinity
        date: 2020-05-08
       words: 2478
      flesch: 45
     summary: In addition, the frequency of I468V which enhance ACE2 interaction with SARS-CoV-2 was observed in more than 1% of the East Asian population. The sequencing projects will not only help us test the association between ACE2 variants and risk/severity of infection in certain populations, it will also allow more accurate analysis of variants for other host genes involved in the viral entry and pathogenicity 21 .
    keywords: ace2; binding; populations; protein; sars; variants
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        item: #4624 of 5187
          id: cord-344246-sf9cymhc
      author: Diriba, Kuma
       title: The effect of coronavirus infection (SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV) during pregnancy and the possibility of vertical maternal–fetal transmission: a systematic review and meta-analysis
        date: 2020-09-04
       words: 5149
      flesch: 41
     summary: Only published articles with fully accessible data on pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV, MARS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 were included. From the total coronavirus infected pregnant women, 56.9% delivered by cesarean, 31.3% admitted to ICU, while 2.7% were died.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov; covid-19; infection; maternal; pregnancy; sars; studies; transmission; women
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        item: #4625 of 5187
          id: cord-344266-ug2uew71
      author: Crema, E.
       title: The SARS-COV-2 outbreak around the Amazon rainforest: the relevance of the airborne transmission
        date: 2020-08-07
       words: 3952
      flesch: 48
     summary: From a scientific point of view, this late change in positioning was the authorities' recognition that air transmission of SARS-COV-2 is an unquestionable fact. These two environments have high air humidity that allows viruses to survive much longer in droplets in suspension or deposited on surfaces.
    keywords: air; drops; humidity; medrxiv; preprint; sars; transmission
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        item: #4626 of 5187
          id: cord-344270-874i31h8
      author: Radke, Robert M
       title: Adult congenital heart disease and the COVID-19 pandemic
        date: 2020-06-10
       words: 4678
      flesch: 35
     summary: For example, patients with severely reduced systolic ventricular function would be considered high-risk individuals irrespective of underlying heart defect, whereas some patients with more complex lesions such as repaired tetralogy of Fallot or transposition of the great arteries after arterial switch operation with pristine haemodynamics are classified as lower risk patients. Based on the anatomy of the underlying cardiac lesion and additional physiological considerations such as symptoms, Review box 1 summary of specific considerations for severely affected AChD patients Key issues for critical care management of COVID-19 patients with congenital heart disease general considerations ► Admit to secondary or tertiary adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD) centre.
    keywords: achd; ards; care; covid-19; disease; heart; patients; right; risk; sars
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        item: #4627 of 5187
          id: cord-344316-mwnnmwnw
      author: Herst, C.V.
       title: An Effective CTL Peptide Vaccine for Ebola Zaire Based on Survivors’ CD8+ Targeting of a Particular Nucleocapsid Protein Epitope with Potential Implications for COVID-19 Vaccine Design
        date: 2020-04-28
       words: 3507
      flesch: 40
     summary: bioinformatics Anti-spike igg causes severe acute lung injury by skewing macrophage responses during acute sars-cov infection T-cell immunity of sars-cov: Implications for vaccine development against mers-cov Flow focusing: a versatile technology to produce size-controlled and specific-morphology microparticles Human ebola virus infection results in substantial immune activation Immunopathogenesis of severe acute respiratory disease in zaire ebolavirus-infected pigs Reliable prediction of t-cell epitopes using neural networks with novel sequence representations Synthetic peptides coupled to the surface of liposomes effectively induce sars coronavirus-specific cytotoxic t lymphocytes and viral clearance in hla-a* 0201 transgenic mice Long-lived memory t lymphocyte responses against sars coronavirus nucleocapsid protein in sarsrecovered patients Hiv control is mediated in part by cd8+ t-cell targeting of specific epitopes Ebola: an analysis of immunity at the molecular level Large scale analysis of peptide -hla-i stability Large scale analysis of peptide -hla-i stability T cell responses to viral infectionsopportunities for peptide vaccination Eliciting cytotoxic t-lymphocyte responses from synthetic vectors containing one or two epitopes in a c57bl/6 mouse model using peptide-containing biodegradable microspheres and adjuvants Conserved peptide vaccine candidates containing multiple ebola nucleoprotein epitopes display interactions with diverse hla molecules Analysis of cd8+ t cell response during the 2013-2016 ebola epidemic in west africa Phase 1 trials of rvsv ebola vaccine in africa and europe Peptide binding to the most frequent hla-a class i alleles measured by quantitative molecular binding assays Measurement of mhc/peptide interactions by gel filtration or monoclonal antibody capture Viral-induced enhanced disease illness Heterosubtypic t-cell immunity to influenza in humans: Challenges for universal t-cell influenza vaccines Cellular immune correlates of protection against symptomatic pandemic influenza The International HIV Controllers Study et al. For HIV and EBOV and influenza in particular, the potential of CTL vaccines has been discussed [21]
    keywords: cell; ebola; ebov; mice; peptide; response; sars; vaccine; virus
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        item: #4628 of 5187
          id: cord-344330-zsx7wfyj
      author: Su, Shuo
       title: Epidemiology, Genetic Recombination, and Pathogenesis of Coronaviruses
        date: 2016-03-21
       words: 4548
      flesch: 43
     summary: Genetic drift of human coronavirus OC43 spike gene during adaptive evolution Moderate mutation rate in the SARS coronavirus genome and its implications Spread, circulation, and evolution of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Coronavirus diversity, phylogeny and interspecies jumping Infectious diseases emerging from Chinese wet-markets: zoonotic origins of severe respiratory viral infections Comparative analysis of 22 coronavirus HKU1 genomes reveals a novel genotype and evidence of natural recombination in coronavirus HKU1 Recombination between nonsegmented RNA genomes of murine coronaviruses Evidence of recombinant strains of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus, United States Emergence of pathogenic coronaviruses in cats by homologous recombination between feline and canine coronaviruses Recombinant canine coronaviruses related to transmissible gastroenteritis virus of Swine are circulating in dogs Molecular epidemiology of human coronavirus OC43 reveals evolution of different genotypes over time and recent emergence of a novel genotype due to natural recombination Genotype shift in human coronavirus OC43 and emergence of a novel genotype by natural recombination Phylogenetic and recombination analysis of coronavirus HKU1, a novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia Evidence from the evolutionary analysis of nucleotide sequences for a recombinant history of SARS-CoV Testing the hypothesis of a recombinant origin of the SARS-associated coronavirus Origin and possible genetic recombination of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus from the first imported case in China: phylogenetics and coalescence analysis Coronavirus 229E-related pneumonia in immunocompromised patients Coronaviruses in children Epidemiological and clinical features of human coronavirus infections among different subsets of patients Isolation and characterization of current human coronavirus strains in primary human epithelial cell cultures reveal differences in target cell tropism Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Multiple organ infection and the pathogenesis of SARS A cluster of cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Clinical progression and viral load in a community outbreak of coronavirus-associated SARS pneumonia: a prospective study A novel pancoronavirus RT-PCR assay: frequent detection of human coronavirus NL63 in children hospitalized with respiratory tract infections in Belgium Human coronavirus NL63 infection in Canada Croup is associated with the novel coronavirus NL63 Human coronavirus NL63 infection and other coronavirus infections in children hospitalized with acute respiratory disease in Hong Kong Eight-year study with 229 E and OC 43 Human coronavirus NL63 infection and other coronavirus infections in children hospitalized with acute respiratory disease in Hong Kong A new virus isolated from the human respiratory tract Recovery in tracheal organ cultures of novel viruses from patients with respiratory disease Signs and symptoms in common colds Human coronavirus NL63, a new respiratory virus A previously undescribed coronavirus associated with respiratory disease in humans Evidence of a novel human coronavirus that is associated with respiratory tract disease in infants and young children Understanding human coronavirus HCoV-NL63 Characterization and complete genome sequence of a novel coronavirus, coronavirus HKU1, from patients with pneumonia More and more coronaviruses: human coronavirus HKU1 Clinical and molecular epidemiological features of coronavirus HKU1-associated community-acquired pneumonia Coronavirus HKU1 and other coronavirus infections in Hong Kong Epidemiology and clinical presentations of the four human coronaviruses 229E, HKU1, NL63, and OC43 detected over 3 years using a novel multiplex real-time PCR method Coronavirus HKU1 infection in the United States Evidence of human coronavirus HKU1 and human bocavirus in Australian children Detection of the new human coronavirus HKU1: a report of 6 cases Coronavirus HKU1 in children, Brazil Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia Middle East respiratory syndrome Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: a case-control study of hospitalized patients Epidemiological, demographic, and clinical characteristics of 47 cases of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus disease from Saudi Arabia: a descriptive study Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Clinical features and virological analysis of a case of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection MERS in South Korea and China: a potential outbreak threat? Isolation and characterization of viruses related to the SARS coronavirus from animals in southern China Identification of a novel coronavirus in bats Coronaviruses post-SARS: update on replication and pathogenesis Antibodies to SARS coronavirus in civets Molecular evolution analysis and geographic investigation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruslike virus in palm civets at an animal market and on farms Ecoepidemiology and complete genome comparison of different strains of severe acute respiratory syndrome-related Rhinolophus bat coronavirus in China reveal bats as a reservoir for acute, self-limiting infection that allows recombination events Isolation and characterization of a bat SARSlike coronavirus that uses the ACE2 receptor ORF8-related genetic evidence for Chinese horseshoe bats as the source of human severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus neutralising serum antibodies in dromedary camels: a comparative serological study Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: another zoonotic betacoronavirus causing SARS-like disease MERS coronavirus in dromedary camel herd, Saudi Arabia Isolation of MERS coronavirus from a dromedary camel MERS coronaviruses in dromedary camels Concerns about misinterpretation of recent scientific data implicating dromedary camels in epidemiology of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) Bat origins of MERS-CoV supported by bat coronavirus HKU4 usage of human receptor CD26 Molecular basis of binding between novel human coronavirus MERS-CoV and its receptor CD26 Co-circulation of three camel coronavirus species and recombination of MERS-CoVs in Saudi Arabia Mosaic structure of human coronavirus NL63, one thousand years of evolution Does IBV change slowly despite the capacity of the spike protein to vary greatly?
    keywords: coronavirus; cov; covs; hku1; human; mers; nl63; recombination; sars; syndrome
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        item: #4629 of 5187
          id: cord-344356-up53a0k4
      author: Feaster, Matt
       title: High Proportion of Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infections in 9 Long-Term Care Facilities, Pasadena, California, USA, April 2020
        date: 2020-10-17
       words: 960
      flesch: 41
     summary: Emerg Infect Dis DOI: 10.3201/eid2610.202694 sha: doc_id: 344356 cord_uid: up53a0k4 Our analysis of coronavirus disease prevalence in 9 long-term care facilities demonstrated a high proportion (40.7%) of asymptomatic infections among residents and staff members. The prevalence of asymptomatic infection among staff members ranged from 17.4% (facility B, 4/23) to 30.6% (facility H, 11/36) ( Table 2 ).
    keywords: asymptomatic; residents; staff
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        item: #4630 of 5187
          id: cord-344364-vu389d88
      author: Wang, Wei
       title: Distribution of HLA allele frequencies in 82 Chinese individuals with coronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19)
        date: 2020-06-02
       words: 1757
      flesch: 53
     summary: Here, we report HLA allele frequencies in Chinese Han individuals with COVID-19 and a comparison between HLA allele distribution in COVID-19 patients and healthy individuals. Therefore, the association of HLA alleles with COVID-19 warrants further research.
    keywords: alleles; covid-19; hla; individuals; sars
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        item: #4631 of 5187
          id: cord-344382-vge4ho2v
      author: De Flora, Silvio
       title: Rationale for the use of N‐acetylcysteine in both prevention and adjuvant therapy of COVID‐19
        date: 2020-08-11
       words: 5006
      flesch: 32
     summary: 34 A prospective, randomized, controlled trial in the Shandong Province, China enrolling adult bronchiectasis patients with at least two exacerbations in the previous year showed that oral NAC (600 mg twice daily for 12 months) was able to reduce the risk of exacerbations. Persons who have been in proximity of infected SARS-CoV-2 carriers, including those detected by means of smartphone contact tracing apps, may be an additional target for taking oral NAC in order to decrease the risk of developing COVID-19.
    keywords: acetylcysteine; cells; covid-19; disease; glutathione; gsh; influenza; nac; patients; role; sars; stress; virus
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        item: #4632 of 5187
          id: cord-344383-7s4gnxs4
      author: Tee, Augustine K.H.
       title: Atypical SARS in Geriatric Patient
        date: 2004-02-17
       words: 2057
      flesch: 47
     summary: Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome WHO Multicentre Collaborative Network for SARS Diagnosis. A multicentre collaboration to investigate the cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Case definitions for surveillance of severe acute respiratory syndrome World Health Organization A cluster of cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong A major outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Identification of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Canada Evaluation of WHO criteria for identifying patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome out of hospital: prospective observational study Preventing local transmission of SARS: lessons from Singapore Severe acute respiratory syndrome-Singapore Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Singapore: clinical features of index patient and initial contacts Update: outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome-worldwide Clinical progression and viral load in a community outbreak of coronavirus-associated SARS pneumonia: a prospective study Epidemiological determinants of spread of causal agent of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong
    keywords: cases; general; hospital; patient; sars; syndrome
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        item: #4633 of 5187
          id: cord-344419-3wcfpw2z
      author: Niedzwiedz, C. L.
       title: Ethnic and socioeconomic differences in SARS-CoV2 infection in the UK Biobank cohort study
        date: 2020-04-27
       words: 5027
      flesch: 44
     summary: Policy interventions designed to contain transmission and shield high risk groups need to take account of the higher risk SARS-CoV-2 and worse prognosis experienced by specific ethnic groups and more socioeconomically disadvantaged populations. Given the differences in health risks across occupational groups 26 , understanding the risks that the full range of key workers experience is also required.
    keywords: data; groups; health; infection; license; preprint; risk; study
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        item: #4634 of 5187
          id: cord-344446-5d7yuoz1
      author: Naughton, Sean X.
       title: The role of the exposome in promoting resilience or susceptibility after SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-05-12
       words: 754
      flesch: 36
     summary: Given the ubiquitous distribution of ACE2 throughout the host, increases in ACE2 receptor expression may potentially result in the proliferation of SARS-CoV-2 to multiple organ systems. Exposure to environmental toxins as well as lifestyle choices can affect ACE2 expression, and may possibly increase the severity of infection.
    keywords: ace2; cov-2; sars
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        item: #4635 of 5187
          id: cord-344454-hs3tthzi
      author: None
       title: Les animaux contaminés par le SARS-CoV-2 représentent-ils un risque pour l’Homme ?
        date: 2020-09-15
       words: 741
      flesch: 51
     summary: Animaux de compagnie et COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing serum antibodies Q4 in cats: a serological investigation 2020 SARS-CoV-2 infection in farmed minks, the Netherlands Transmission du COVID-19 aux animaux de compa-Q5 gnie : un risque à ne pas négliger à la date de ce communiqué.
    keywords: les
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        item: #4636 of 5187
          id: cord-344486-iu5flbcl
      author: Chiotos, Kathleen
       title: Multicenter interim guidance on use of antivirals for children with COVID-19/SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-09-12
       words: 8619
      flesch: 24
     summary: Antiviral Activity and Safety of Darunavir/Cobicistat for the Treatment of COVID-19 Comparison of hydroxychloroquine, lopinavir/ritonavir, and standard of care in critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia: an opportunistic retrospective analysis Stopping lopinavir/ritonavir in COVID-19 patients: duration of the drug interacting effect Clinical Characteristics and Disease Progression in Early-Stage COVID-19 Patients in South Korea Clinical and epidemiological features of 36 children with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Zhejiang, China: an observational cohort study Guidance statement: Remdesivir is suggested for children with severe COVID-19.
    keywords: children; coronavirus; covid-19; data; days; disease; hydroxychloroquine; patients; pediatric; remdesivir; risk; sars; study; treatment; trial; use
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        item: #4637 of 5187
          id: cord-344614-5zcylf6k
      author: Moriconi, Diego
       title: Obesity prolongs the hospital stay in patients affected by COVID-19, and may impact on SARS-COV-2 shedding
        date: 2020-06-04
       words: 3227
      flesch: 40
     summary: In our cohort of patients, the prevalence of obesity (28%) in COVID-19 patients is higher compared to that (11%) reported by Italian Health Institute (Epicentro) [18] . Patients were grouped by BMI ( ≥30 kg/m^2 or < 30 Kg/m2) as patients with obesity (OB, 29) and patients without obesity (N-OB, 71).
    keywords: admission; covid-19; disease; hospital; obesity; patients; risk
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        item: #4638 of 5187
          id: cord-344636-go5cw92q
      author: Huang, Wei E.
       title: RT‐LAMP for rapid diagnosis of coronavirus SARS‐CoV‐2
        date: 2020-04-25
       words: 4780
      flesch: 56
     summary: However, this extreme sensitivity is also a double-edged sword: carry-over contamination was common in LAMP reactions, which usually cause false positive results (Hsieh et al., 2014; Ma et al., 2017) . Primers were designed using LAMP primer designing software, PrimerExplorer (http:// primerexplorer.jp/e/; Tomita et al., 2008) .
    keywords: amplification; cov-2; gene; lamp; primers; reaction; rna; sars
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        item: #4639 of 5187
          id: cord-344647-jr85915d
      author: Joseph, Adrien
       title: Acute kidney injury in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-09-03
       words: 3551
      flesch: 48
     summary: Last, high levels of PEEP in COVID-19 patients [34, 35] have also been suggested as a potential factor for increased AKI in severe COVID-19 patients [36] . Before adjustment, the third fraction of complement (C3), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and ferritin levels were higher in AKI patients.
    keywords: aki; complement; covid-19; infection; kidney; patients; study
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        item: #4640 of 5187
          id: cord-344658-4z2697q6
      author: Hutasoit, Novana
       title: Sars-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Inactivation Capability of Copper-Coated Touch Surface Fabricated by Cold-Spray Technology
        date: 2020-08-29
       words: 2479
      flesch: 48
     summary: To the best of the authors' knowledge, there is no study to investigate the behaviour of COVID-19 virus on cold-sprayed copper coatings, which is important as in-use components can be retrofitted with copper coatings and re-deployed in a very short period of time that can potentially slow down the spread of various viruses, including COVID-19. To facilitate the use of existing parts, cold-spray technique can be employed to deposit copper coatings in quick time.
    keywords: coating; copper; covid-19; push; steel; virus
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        item: #4641 of 5187
          id: cord-344714-0cam9ipf
      author: Russo, Maria
       title: Roles of flavonoids against coronavirus infection
        date: 2020-07-28
       words: 8426
      flesch: 41
     summary: The effect of quercetin on different viruses Activity of some flavonoids against viruses Antiviral effect of flavonoids on human viruses Vanden Berghe, Can ethnopharmacology contribute to the development of antiviral drugs? Effects of propolis flavonoids on virus infectivity and replication An in vitro study of theaflavins extracted from black tea to neutralize bovine rotavirus and bovine coronavirus infections Antiviral activity of quercetin 7-rhamnoside against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus In vitro susceptibility of 10 clinical isolates of SARS coronavirus to selected antiviral compounds Small molecules blocking the entry of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus into host cells Procyanidins and butanol extract of Cinnamomi Cortex inhibit SARS-CoV infection SARS--beginning to understand a new virus Identification of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus replicase products and characterization of papain-like protease activity Isotope dilution tandem mass spectrometric method for T4/T3 Binding interaction of quercetin-3-beta-galactoside and its synthetic derivatives with SARS-CoV 3CL(pro): structure-activity relationship studies reveal salient pharmacophore features Biflavonoids from Torreya nucifera displaying SARS-CoV 3CL(pro) inhibition Flavonoid-mediated inhibition of SARS coronavirus 3C-like protease expressed in Pichia pastoris Phenolic phytochemical displaying SARS-CoV papain-like protease inhibition from the seeds of Psoralea corylifolia Geranylated flavonoids displaying SARS-CoV papain-like protease inhibition from the fruits of Paulownia tomentosa Evaluation of polyphenols from Broussonetia papyrifera as coronavirus protease inhibitors Characteristics of flavonoids as potent MERS-CoV 3C-like protease inhibitors Inhibition of SARS-CoV 3CL protease by flavonoids Chalcones isolated from Angelica keiskei inhibit cysteine proteases of SARS-CoV Dissection and identification of regions required to form pseudoparticles by the interaction between the nucleocapsid (N) and membrane (M) proteins of SARS coronavirus A facile inhibitor screening of SARS coronavirus N protein using nanoparticle-based RNA oligonucleotide Development of chemical inhibitors of the SARS coronavirus: viral helicase as a potential target NTPase/helicase by dihydroxychromone derivatives Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of 7-Oarylmethylquercetin derivatives against SARS-associated coronavirus (SCV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) Identification of myricetin and scutellarein as novel chemical inhibitors of the SARS coronavirus helicase, nsP13 Traditional Chinese medicine for COVID-19 treatment Chemical composition and pharmacological mechanism of Qingfei Paidu Decoction and Ma Xing Shi Gan Decoction against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): In terms of public health, the 21st century has been characterized by coronavirus pandemics: in 2002-03 the virus SARS-CoV caused SARS; in 2012 MERS-CoV emerged and in 2019 a new human betacoronavirus strain, called SARS-CoV-2, caused the unprecedented COVID-19 outbreak.
    keywords: 3cl; activity; binding; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; covid-19; domain; flavonoids; host; infection; pro; protease; protein; quercetin; replication; residues; rna; sars; site
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        item: #4642 of 5187
          id: cord-344751-i4qnrtjq
      author: Van Praet, Jens T.
       title: Comparison of four commercial SARS-CoV-2 IgG immuno-assays in RT-PCR negative patients with suspect CT findings
        date: 2020-09-10
       words: 2402
      flesch: 45
     summary: Furthermore, we could not test serum samples from included patients on all time points. Indeed, the misdiagnosis of admitted patients as Covid-19 may have serious consequences since these patients are isolated in a specific ward.
    keywords: cov-2; patients; pcr; sars
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        item: #4643 of 5187
          id: cord-344778-2p1mm3vg
      author: Gasparri, Maria Luisa
       title: Changes in breast cancer management during the Corona Virus Disease 19 pandemic: an international survey of the European Breast Cancer Research Association of Surgical Trialists (EUBREAST)
        date: 2020-05-29
       words: 2690
      flesch: 43
     summary: COVID-19: elective triage guidelines for surgical care Intercollegiate general surgery guidance on COVID-19 update Coronavirus outbreak: Reorganising the breast unit during a pandemic Recommendations for prioritization, treatment, and triage of breast cancer patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. the COVID-19 pandemic breast cancer consortium Recommendations for triage, prioritization and treatment of breast cancer patients during the COVID-19 pandemic Covid-19: Four Fifths of Cases Are Asymptomatic, China Figures Indicate Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China.
    keywords: breast; cancer; chemotherapy; covid-19; pandemic; patients
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        item: #4644 of 5187
          id: cord-344798-q34j4zxu
      author: Villalba, María Caridad Montalvo
       title: Interferon gamma, TGF-β1 and RANTES expression in upper airway samples from SARS-CoV-2 infected patients
        date: 2020-08-29
       words: 4145
      flesch: 39
     summary: Authors reported that effective control of virus replication in infected cells related to ACE2 expression could reduce the stimulation of Th2 subset, with pathogenic role in SARS CoV-2 infection. Finally, we concluded at onset SARS CoV-2 infection resident cells in the upper respiratory epithelium increased de novo expression of IFN-γ, trying to control the virus replication and spreading at initial site of infection.
    keywords: cells; covid-19; expression; ifn; immune; infection; patients; rantes; sars; tgf
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        item: #4645 of 5187
          id: cord-344829-adlp2rjy
      author: de Rivero Vaccari, Juan Carlos
       title: The Inflammasome in Times of COVID-19
        date: 2020-10-08
       words: 8734
      flesch: 27
     summary: Ionic imbalance has been associated with inflammasome activation in the lung following infections (64) , and consistent with this finding is a recent study by Nieto-Torres et al. showing that E protein from SARS-CoV makes a Ca 2+ permeable channel in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)/Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC)/Golgi membrane that results in NLRP3 inflammasome activation and increased levels of IL-1β (Figure 3 ) (46). However, in regards to inflammasome activation, it seems that ORF3a promotes NLRP3 inflammasome activation by modulating the ubiquitination of the inflammasome adaptor protein ASC and the production of pro-IL-1β by activation of NF-κB, which is independent of the ion-channel role that ORF3a plays.
    keywords: activation; acute; covid-19; il-1β; infections; inflammasome; inflammatory; injury; levels; lung; nlrp3; patients; pneumonia; protein; response; role; sars; syndrome
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        item: #4646 of 5187
          id: cord-344842-9cfbb7p6
      author: Coppola, Maurizio
       title: Potential Unconventional Medicines for the Treatment of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-05-19
       words: 724
      flesch: 33
     summary: An in silico strategy unveils a hope against corona Analysis of therapeutic targets for SARS-CoV-2 and discovery of potential drugs by computational methods Rutin attenuates inflammatory responses induced by lipopolysaccharide in an in vitro mouse muscle cell (C2C12) model Diosmin downregulates the expression of T cell receptors, pro-inflammatory cytokines and NF-κB activation against LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice The FDA-approved Drug Ivermectin inhibits the replication of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor The androgen-regulated protease TMPRSS2 activates a proteolytic cascade involving components of the tumor microenvironment and promotes prostate cancer metastasis Potential inhibition properties were studied using the Molegro Virtual Docker Program and some flavonoids, in particular hesperidin, rutin, and diosmin showed a better affinity for the MPro than nelfinavir
    keywords: protease; sars; site
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        item: #4647 of 5187
          id: cord-344853-s2p2csrx
      author: Hendren, Nicholas S.
       title: Description and Proposed Management of the Acute COVID-19 Cardiovascular Syndrome
        date: 2020-04-16
       words: 6698
      flesch: 27
     summary: Med J Chinese People's Liberation Army Pulmonary pathology of early-phase 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia in two patients with lung cancer Pathological study of impact of SARS coronavirus on heart and its conduction system in SARS patients. In this document, we focus on a prominent myocarditis-like syndrome involving acute myocardial injury often associated with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease.
    keywords: acovcs; acute; cardiac; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; heart; injury; myocarditis; patients; sars; syndrome
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        item: #4648 of 5187
          id: cord-344884-dcoq9srf
      author: El Otmani, H.
       title: Neuro-COVID-19: What are we talking about?
        date: 2020-06-06
       words: 882
      flesch: 39
     summary: All these arguments emphasize that, given the high rate of COVID-19 infection, we must be cautious to infer a causal linkage, because coincidental occurence of other neurological condition is also possible. First, unlike other viruses such as the herpes or rabies virus, which neurotropism is clearly established, the neuroinvasive potential of the SARS-Cov-2 virus is currently hypothetical in humans.
    keywords: covid-19; sars; virus
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        item: #4649 of 5187
          id: cord-344901-mgnaprgt
      author: Holz, Frank G.
       title: SARS-CoV-2: Herausforderung für alle
        date: 2020-03-30
       words: 113
      flesch: 45
     summary: Der Augenarzt, Dr. Li Wenliang, war in China einer der ersten, der auf eine SARS-ähnliche Epidemie hinwies. [3] . Insbesondere Evaluation of coronavirus in tears and conjunctival secretions of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection The China Medical Treatment Expert Group for Covid-19, Guan W et al (2020) Clinical characteristics of Coronavirus disease 2019 in China Chinese doctor, silenced after warning of outbreak, dies from Coronavirus
    keywords: der
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        item: #4650 of 5187
          id: cord-344909-0o55l4iy
      author: Cross, Robert W.
       title: Use of convalescent serum reduces severity of COVID-19 in nonhuman primates
        date: 2020-10-14
       words: 5723
      flesch: 40
     summary: Differences in clinical parameters of the LD-treated group with untreated control animals from this study or historical control animals were minimal; however, the lack of infectious SARS-CoV-2 in the BAL samples from all of the LD-treated animals and reduced lung pathology suggest that an antiviral effect was present despite the lower concentration of neutralizing antibodies in the dose of convalescent sera administered. Prothrombin time (PT) was largely unaffected, yet a significantly prolonged coagulation time was noted at 4 dpi for activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) in HD versus control group (p=0.0459; two-way ANOVA with Tukey's multiple comparison); decreases in levels of thrombocytes were more notable in control animals; and increases in circulating fibrinogen were generally more pronounced in the control group compared to either of the experimental groups ( Figure S1 ).
    keywords: animals; control; convalescent; cov-2; covid-19; dpi; et al; sars; sera; treatment
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        item: #4651 of 5187
          id: cord-344934-m0q7rm6z
      author: Mahapatra, Sovesh
       title: Repurposing Therapeutics for COVID-19: Rapid Prediction of Commercially available drugs through Machine Learning and Docking
        date: 2020-04-07
       words: 3882
      flesch: 52
     summary: Another decade, another coronavirus novel coronavirus of pneumonia in Wuhan, China: emerging attack and management strategies The species Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus: classifying 2019-nCoV and naming it SARS-CoV-2 Origin and evolution of pathogenic coronaviruses Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Discovery of a novel coronavirus associated with the recent pneumonia outbreak in humans and its potential bat origin Coronavirus Infections-More Than Just the Common Cold Viral and Bacterial Etiology of Acute Febrile Respiratory Syndrome among Patients in Qinghai Epidemiological Characteristics of 2143 Pediatric Patients With 2019 Coronavirus Disease in China Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation Pathogen genomics in public health Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus -The species and its viruses, a statement of the Coronavirus Study Group A family cluster of SARS-CoV-2 infection involving 11 patients in Nanjing A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China An updated estimation of the risk of transmission of the novel coronavirus (2019-nCov) Machine Learning in Virtual Screening Predicting phospholipidosis using machine learning Structure-based virtual screening for drug discovery: A problem-centric review Virtual screening of bioassay data PubChem's BioAssay database DrugBank: A knowledgebase for drugs, drug actions and drug targets Protein Data Bank. This database of more than 4900 Drugs is categorized into many different types as Trial stages Drugs, Approved Drugs and Withdrawn Drugs.
    keywords: april; coronavirus; dataset; drugs; medrxiv; model; preprint; sars
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        item: #4652 of 5187
          id: cord-344949-9zyz4hll
      author: Luban, Jeremy
       title: The DHODH Inhibitor PTC299 Arrests SARS-CoV-2 Replication and Suppresses Induction of Inflammatory Cytokines
        date: 2020-08-05
       words: 5571
      flesch: 36
     summary: Normalized percent numbers of nucleocapsid positive cells were plotted against Log10 transforms of PTC299 concentrations and the IC50 was estimated using non-linear regression (goodness-of-fit R-squared = 0.9653). The percentages in red denote the respective extents to which the relative levels of specific nucleotides are reduced during PTC299 treatment (100 nM) of cultured HT1080 fibrosarcoma cells for 8 hours (Cao et al., 2019)
    keywords: cells; cov-2; covid-19; culture; et al; production; ptc299; replication; sars; system
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        item: #4653 of 5187
          id: cord-344967-t88pedeb
      author: Tang, Hon Lok
       title: Severe acute respiratory syndrome in haemodialysis patients: a report of two cases
        date: 2003-10-17
       words: 1671
      flesch: 59
     summary: We describe here two end-stage renal failure patients, both receiving chronic haemodialysis, who acquired the disease after contact with SARS patients and had different outcomes. He had a history of contact with SARS patients.
    keywords: day; days; patient; sars
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        item: #4654 of 5187
          id: cord-344970-ud1lhkyi
      author: Fecchi, Katia
       title: Coronavirus Interplay With Lipid Rafts and Autophagy Unveils Promising Therapeutic Targets
        date: 2020-08-11
       words: 5443
      flesch: 25
     summary: In contrast, Gassen et al. reported that MERS-CoV activates the SKP2 kinase, consequently reducing Beclin1 (BECN1) activity and inhibiting the fusion of autophagosomes with lysosomes, which results in autophagy inhibition (Gassen et al., 2019) . In general, it has been hypothesized that coronaviruses would induce accumulation of autophagic vacuoles to obtain a larger availability of the membrane structure necessary for their replication (Gassen et al., 2019) , which is consistent to the observed co-localization of the rodent coronavirus, MHV, replication complex, with the autophagic proteins LC3 and Apg12 (Prentice et al., 2004) .
    keywords: autophagy; cell; coronavirus; covid-19; entry; et al; host; human; hydroxychloroquine; infection; lipid; membrane; rafts; replication; sars; viruses
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        item: #4655 of 5187
          id: cord-344979-ngujhhp6
      author: Lübke, Nadine
       title: Extraction-free SARS-CoV-2 detection by rapid RT-qPCR universal for all primary respiratory materials
        date: 2020-08-05
       words: 3246
      flesch: 46
     summary: Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Massive and rapid COVID-19 testing is feasible by extraction-free SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR Rapid direct nucleic acid amplification test without RNA extraction for SARS-CoV-2 using a portable PCR thermocycler Fast SARS-CoV-2 detection by RT-qPCR in preheated nasopharyngeal swab samples Detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA by direct RT-qPCR on nasopharyngeal 1 specimens without extraction of viral RNA Screening for SARS-CoV-2 infections with colorimetric RT-LAMP and LAMP sequencing Rapid Molecular Detection of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Virus RNA Using Colorimetric LAMP Rapid SARS-CoV-2 testing in primary material based on a novel multiplex LAMP assay LAMP-Seq: Population-Scale COVID-19 Diagnostics Using Combinatorial Barcoding Viral RNA load as determined by cell culture as a management tool for discharge of SARS-CoV-2 patients from infectious disease wards Predicting infectious SARS-CoV-2 from diagnostic samples Figure 1: Analysis of PCR conditions for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 by direct RT-qPCR Direct RT-qPCR with the Sarbeco and the new CoV-E primers Patient matched respiratory crude samples (n=20) including swabs, tracheal secretion, brochoalveolare lavage and sputum were analyzed for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 by direct RT-qPCR with the Sarbeco primers and the new CoV-E primers Direct RT-qPCR with fresh and pre-frozen PCR-mixes Patient matched respiratory crude samples (n=8) including swabs, tracheal secretion and BAL were analyzed for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 by direct RT-qPCR with either fresh prepared master-mixes (MMX) or pre-frozen master-mixes The authors gratefully acknowledge the TaKaRa™ employees, especially Sascha Deppermann and Matthieu Lewis for continuous scientific and technical support in establishment and optimization of J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f HBV-SynQ (internal control): a synthetical plasmid coding for an inactivated s-Antigen of Hepatitis B Next, we analyzed if an increase in crude sample material input increases detection of SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: cov-2; detection; qpcr; samples; sars
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        item: #4656 of 5187
          id: cord-345014-qp13h0un
      author: Stein, Richard Albert
       title: The 2019 coronavirus: Learning curves, lessons, and the weakest link
        date: 2020-03-13
       words: 2282
      flesch: 46
     summary: Here's what it's like in the isolated city Nonpharmaceutical measures for pandemic influenza in nonhealthcare settings-international travel-related measures The influenza pandemic of 1918-1919 in two remote island nations: Iceland and New Zealand Modeling the impact of air, sea, and land travel restrictions supplemented by other interventions on the emergence of a new influenza pandemic virus Quarantine for pandemic influenza control at the borders of small island nations Lessons from the history of quarantine, from plague to influenza A Design of non-pharmaceutical intervention strategies for pandemic influenza outbreaks Predicting support for non-pharmaceutical interventions during infectious outbreaks: a four region analysis Effectiveness of workplace social distancing measures in reducing influenza transmission: a systematic review Social measures may control pandemic flu better than drugs and vaccines Public health interventions and epidemic intensity during the 1918 influenza pandemic Fears are rising over the spread of China's deadly Wuhan virus, which has now reached the US. Pneumonia of unknown origin -China Wuhan seafood market pneumonia virus isolate Wuhan-Hu-1, complete genome Cross-species transmission of the newly identified coronavirus 2019-nCoV Reconstitution of the receptor-binding motif of the SARS coronavirus Receptor recognition and cross-species infections of SARS coronavirus ACE2 gene expression is up-regulated in the human failing heart A novel angiotensin-converting enzyme-related carboxypeptidase (ACE2) converts angiotensin I to angiotensin 1-9 The novel angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) homolog, ACE2, is selectively expressed by adult Leydig cells of the testis Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus.
    keywords: coronavirus; human; influenza; ncov; pandemic; sars
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        item: #4657 of 5187
          id: cord-345019-i7zm9bt1
      author: Al-Waleedi, Ali Ahmed
       title: The first 2 months of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Yemen: Analysis of the surveillance data
        date: 2020-10-29
       words: 4500
      flesch: 51
     summary: These included demographic information, signs and symptoms, history of contact with other cases, history of travel, comorbidities, and hospitalization data. The median age among confirmed cases was 46 years (range: 1–90 years), and 75% of the confirmed cases were male.
    keywords: cases; country; cov-2; covid-19; data; epidemic; sars; yemen
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        item: #4658 of 5187
          id: cord-345033-guisyj11
      author: Massarotti, Claudia
       title: SARS‐CoV‐2 in the semen: where does it come from?
        date: 2020-06-13
       words: 696
      flesch: 42
     summary: Regarding Coronaviruses, there is evidence that 35 MERS-CoV binds to the host cell receptor dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4), which is broadly expressed 36 on prostate cells [12] . Serendipity or Opportunity for Intervention? Orchitis: a complication of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Replication of Zika Virus in Human Prostate Cells: A Potential Source of Sexually Transmitted Virus Focus on Receptors for Coronaviruses with Special Reference to Angiotensin-converting Enzyme 2 as a Potential Drug Target -A Perspective TMPRSS2, a serine protease expressed in the prostate on the apical surface of luminal epithelial cells and released into semen in prostasomes, is misregulated in prostate cancer cells Accepted Article
    keywords: prostate; sars; semen
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        item: #4659 of 5187
          id: cord-345092-1ztfcpsb
      author: Iwasaki, Masae
       title: Inflammation Triggered by SARS-CoV-2 and ACE2 Augment Drives Multiple Organ Failure of Severe COVID-19: Molecular Mechanisms and Implications
        date: 2020-10-08
       words: 11452
      flesch: 39
     summary: Retrospective study Structure analysis of the receptor binding of 2019-nCoV. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications Kidney disease is associated with in-hospital death of patients with COVID-19 A simple approximate mathematical model to predict the number of severe acute respiratory syndrome cases and deaths Cytokine storm and sepsis disease pathogenesis Apelin signaling antagonizes Ang II effects in mouse models of atherosclerosis Angiotensin II activates programmed myocyte cell death in vitro Activation of the AT(2) receptor of angiotensin II induces neurite outgrowth and cell migration in microexplant cultures of the cerebellum Nitric oxide, a new second messenger involved in the action of angiotensin II on neuronal differentiation of NG108-15 cells The spike glycoprotein of the new coronavirus 2019-nCoV contains a furin-like cleavage site absent in CoV of the same clade Prevalence of venous thromboembolism in patients with severe novel coronavirus pneumonia Reduction and functional exhaustion of T cells in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Effect of ACE2 and angiotensin-(1-7) in a mouse model of early chronic kidney disease Organ distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in SARS patients: Implications for pathogenesis and virus transmission pathways Differential expression of neuronal ACE2 in transgenic mice with overexpression of the brain renin-angiotensin system The spike protein of SARS-CoV-a target for vaccine and therapeutic development The Apelin-APJ axis is an endogenous counterinjury mechanism in experimental acute lung injury Structural and molecular modelling studies reveal a new mechanism of action of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine against SARS-CoV-2 infection Acute respiratory distress syndrome: The Berlin definition Renin-angiotensin system revisited Diagnostic utility of clinical laboratory data determinations for patients with the severe COVID-19 Species specificity of ADAM10 and ADAM17 proteins in interleukin-6 (IL-6) trans-signaling and novel role of ADAM10 in inducible IL-6 receptor shedding Kawasaki disease complicated with macrophage activation syndrome: A systematic review Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: Results of an open-label nonrandomized clinical trial The spike protein of the emerging betacoronavirus EMC uses a novel coronavirus receptor for entry, can be activated by TMPRSS2, and is targeted by neutralizing antibodies A review of urinary angiotensin converting enzyme 2 in diabetes and diabetic nephropathy Evidence that TMPRSS2 activates the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein for membrane fusion and reduces viral control by the humoral immune response Remdesivir for 5 or 10 days in patients with severe covid-19 Compassionate use of remdesivir for patients with severe covid-19 Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China Cryo-electron microscopy structures of the SARS-CoV spike glycoprotein reveal a prerequisite conformational state for receptor binding Cardiovascular implications of fatal outcomes of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 TACE antagonists blocking ACE2 shedding caused by the spike protein of SARS-CoV are candidate antiviral compounds Modulation of TNF-alpha-converting enzyme by the spike protein of SARS-CoV and ACE2 induces TNF-alpha production and facilitates viral entry The emerging role of ACE2 in physiology and disease Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus. This review summarizes the current evidence and understanding of the underlying mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2, ACE2 and inflammation co-mediated multi-organ injury or failure in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: ace2; acute; ang2; angiotensin; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; covid-19 patients; cytokine; disease; host; il-6; infection; injury; lung; patients; protein; receptor; sars; study; syndrome
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        item: #4660 of 5187
          id: cord-345101-h0i5o0do
      author: Koo, Bon-Sang
       title: Transient lymphopenia and interstitial pneumonia with endotheliitis in SARS-CoV-2-infected macaques
        date: 2020-08-03
       words: 1814
      flesch: 47
     summary: Receptor recognition by the novel coronavirus from Wuhan: an analysis based on decade-long structural studies of SARS coronavirus Koch's postulates fulfilled for SARS virus Newly discovered coronavirus as the primary cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Cynomolgus macaque as an animal model for severe acute respiratory syndrome Macaque model for severe acute respiratory syndrome Comparative pathogenesis of COVID-19, MERS, and SARS in a nonhuman primate model Respiratory disease in rhesus macaques inoculated with SARS-CoV-2 Molecular diagnosis of a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) causing an outbreak of pneumonia Pathological study of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) through postmortem core biopsies Endothelial cell infection and endotheliitis in COVID-19 Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in different types of clinical specimens Evaluation of coronavirus in tears and conjunctival secretions of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection Evidence for gastrointestinal infection of SARS-CoV-2 Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China Characteristics of peripheral lymphocyte subset alteration in COVID-19 pneumonia M a n u s c r i p t 8 from inoculated viral RNA.
    keywords: cov-2; macaques; sars
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        item: #4661 of 5187
          id: cord-345103-b2wkm03g
      author: Yao, Hangping
       title: Molecular architecture of the SARS-CoV-2 virus
        date: 2020-09-06
       words: 5759
      flesch: 41
     summary: The spike copy number per virion is comparable to HIV (Liu et al., 2008) , but ~5 times less than the Lassa virus (LASV) (Li et al., 2016) or ~10 times less than the Influenza J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f virus (Harris et al., 2006) . The electron beam induced motion was corrected using a combination of MotionCor (Li et al., 2013) and MotionCor2 (Zheng et al., 2017) by averaging eight frames for each tilt.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; cryo; et al; figure; protein; rbd; resolution; rnps; sars; spike; virions; virus
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        item: #4662 of 5187
          id: cord-345106-5szz1et3
      author: Bhattacharya, D. D.
       title: Saliva as a potential clinical specimen for diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-09-11
       words: 2351
      flesch: 57
     summary: Saliva samples can be collected by patient themselves leaving no complications as the process is fully non-invasive. Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) dashboard How to obtain a nasopharyngeal swab specimen Safety management of nasopharyngeal specimen collection from suspected cases of coronavirus disease 2019 Nasopharyngeal swabs are more sensitive than oropharyngeal swabs for COVID-19 diagnosis and monitoring the SARS-CoV-2 load SARS-CoV-2 viral load in upper respiratory specimens of infected patients Oral saliva and COVID-19 Comparison between saliva and nasopharyngeal swab specimens for detection of respiratory viruses by multiplex reverse transcription-PCR Additional molecular testing of saliva specimens improves the detection of respiratory viruses Saliva as a diagnostic specimen for testing respiratory virus by a point-of-care molecular assay: a diagnostic validity study Saliva: potential diagnostic value and transmission of 2019-nCoV Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis using maximum likelihood, evolutionary distance, and maximum parsimony methods Combination of RT-qPCR testing and clinical features for diagnosis of COVID-19 facilitates management of SARS-CoV-2 outbreak Risk of COVID-19 among front-line health-care workers and the general community: a prospective cohort study Consistent detection of 2019 novel coronavirus in saliva 2019-nCoV: new challenges from coronavirua Saliva is a reliable tool to detect SARS-CoV-2 The authors gratefully acknowledge all the healthcare workers for their tireless dedication at each level to fight COVID-19.
    keywords: cov-2; nps; preprint; saliva; sars
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        item: #4663 of 5187
          id: cord-345139-gyvlikye
      author: Izquierdo-Domínguez, Adriana
       title: Pérdida del sentido del olfato durante la pandemia COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-12
       words: 2889
      flesch: 37
     summary: La disfunción olfatoria (DO) se puede clasificar en cuantitativa, que implica alteración en la intensidad, o cualitativa, en la que cambia la calidad de la percepción de los olores. y tiene por objeto el estudio de las variaciones olfativas en función de la concentración de la sustancia olorosa y de la cantidad de los olores detectados, dando un resultado de anosmia (pérdida total), hiposmia (pérdida parcial)
    keywords: anosmia; como; con; cov-2; covid-19; del; estudio; las; los; mediante; olfativo; olfato; olores; pacientes; para; patients; por; pérdida; que; sars; una
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        item: #4664 of 5187
          id: cord-345183-80rflm7u
      author: Moore, Nicholas M.
       title: Comparison of Two Commercial Molecular Tests and a Laboratory-Developed Modification of the CDC 2019-nCoV Reverse Transcriptase PCR Assay for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-07-23
       words: 3652
      flesch: 51
     summary: We tested purified genomic RNA from a reference strain of SARS-CoV-2, isolate USA-WA1/2020 (BEI Resources, Manassas, VA) to generate standard curves for the CDC COV and ACOV assays in order to estimate the concentration of SARS-CoV-2 genome equivalents in nasopharyngeal swab samples. The ACOV assay detected significantly more cases of COVID-19 than either the CDC COV assay (8 [4%] undetected cases; standard deviation [SD], 0.014; 95% CI, 0.013 to 0.067) or the IDNOW (33 [16.5%] undetected cases; SD, 0.026; 95% CI, 0.11 to 0.22); the difference in detection between the CDC COV assay and IDNOW assay was also significant.
    keywords: acov; assay; cdc; cov-2; idnow; results; rna; samples; sars
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        item: #4665 of 5187
          id: cord-345225-2s5xd1oc
      author: Soares, F.
       title: A novel high specificity COVID-19 screening method based on simple blood exams and artificial intelligence
        date: 2020-04-14
       words: 4559
      flesch: 46
     summary: Hospitals would be able to provide better isolation of COVID-19 patients, given that blood samples could be drawn on a daily basis and ER-CoV would identify patients that should be moved to another ward, for instance a ward of suspected positive patients. However, previous studies already identified that C reactive protein (Ling, 2020) , leukocytes (Cheng et al., 2020; Qin et al., 2020) , platelets (Cheng et al., 2020) , and lymphocytes (Xu et al., 2020) are altered at different levels in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; license; negative; patients; preprint; sars
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        item: #4666 of 5187
          id: cord-345275-h0hvaxgx
      author: Sun, Mengyao
       title: Potential effective treatment for COVID-19: systematic review and meta-analysis of the severe infectious disease with convalescent plasma therapy
        date: 2020-07-04
       words: 5313
      flesch: 53
     summary: CP therapy is a form of passive immunisation in which antibody-rich blood is collected from recovered patients and then processed to transfuse into other patients. CP therapy has been effective for treating diphtheria and tetanus since the late 19th century, but the earliest complete record dates back to the outbreak of the Spanish influenza pandemic in 1918.
    keywords: convalescent; group; influenza; patients; plasma; sars; studies; therapy; treatment
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        item: #4667 of 5187
          id: cord-345288-qyz83xx2
      author: Pata, Francesco
       title: Enteral stoma care during COVID‐19 pandemic: practical advice
        date: 2020-07-21
       words: 2701
      flesch: 39
     summary: Viral RNA has been detected in the faeces of COVID-19 patients 28 and potential transmission during enteral stoma manipulation cannot be excluded. Several recommendations advocate that for high-risk operations stoma formation instead of primary anastomosis should be considered to reduce the risk of complications 14,15,20-22 , need of ICU facilities which are already overwhelmed by COVID-19 patients, and hospital stay.
    keywords: care; covid-19; healthcare; pandemic; patients; risk; sars; stoma
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        item: #4668 of 5187
          id: cord-345296-4z7yfj5s
      author: Ho, Mei-Shang
       title: Neutralizing Antibody Response and SARS Severity
        date: 2005-11-17
       words: 4603
      flesch: 32
     summary: Autopsies of SARS patients have found the virus to be widespread throughout a variety of tissues and organs (8) . To validate the consistency of the interhospital practices in patient care in relation to the severity of patients, we collected and analyzed anonymous and computerized clinical data, focusing on oxygen supplementation and respiratory therapy, on a sample of SARS patients from 3 hospitals that represented 3 healthcare accreditation levels in Taiwan: a major medical center (National Taiwan University Hospital), a regional teaching hospital (Taipei Mackay Memorial Hospital), and a district hospital (Taipei Hospital).
    keywords: acute; antibody; illness; infection; patients; sars; syndrome; weeks
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        item: #4669 of 5187
          id: cord-345299-4k7qymqd
      author: Xiong, Hua-Long
       title: Several FDA-approved drugs effectively inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro
        date: 2020-06-05
       words: 1479
      flesch: 38
     summary: Re-purposing of approved drugs may be a faster way to find treatment for COVID-19. In this study, the anti-SARS-Cov-2 potentiality of 1403 FDA approved drugs were quantitatively evaluated by the pseudovirus-based assay.
    keywords: cov-2; drugs; infection; sars
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        item: #4670 of 5187
          id: cord-345304-n74m5ucs
      author: Safadi, Marco Aurelio Palazzi
       title: THE CHALLENGING AND UNPREDICTABLE SPECTRUM OF COVID-19 IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS
        date: 2020-09-07
       words: 1856
      flesch: 31
     summary: 11 One of the most important Latin American reference centers for pediatric liver diseases and pediatric liver transplantation in Brazil described their experience with 169 non-transplant children and adolescents suspected and tested for SARS-CoV-2. Infants <1 year of age and children with chronic pulmonary diseases (including moderate to severe asthma), cardiovascular illnesses (including congenital heart disease), malignancy, immunosuppression and obesity appear to be at increased risk of severe disease.
    keywords: adolescents; children; cov-2; covid-19; disease; sars
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        item: #4671 of 5187
          id: cord-345356-gn1iwis0
      author: Glebov, Oleg O.
       title: Understanding SARS‐CoV‐2 endocytosis for COVID‐19 drug repurposing
        date: 2020-06-02
       words: 3507
      flesch: 28
     summary: Taken together, the above evidence suggests that SARS-CoV-2 may employ distinct endocytic pathways for cell entry in the upper and lower respiratory tract (Fig. 1) . The Authors Excitement around hydroxychloroquine for treating COVID-19 causes challenges for rheumatology Chloroquine diphosphate in two different dosages as adjunctive therapy of hospitalized patients with severe respiratory syndrome in the context of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection: preliminary safety results of a randomized, double-blinded Functional assessment of cell entry and receptor usage for SARS-CoV-2 and other lineage B betacoronaviruses Some selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors inhibit
    keywords: cell; covid-19; drugs; endocytosis; entry; human; infection; pathways; sars
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        item: #4672 of 5187
          id: cord-345371-pjbviagq
      author: Lisi, Lucia
       title: Approaching Coronavirus Disease 2019: mechanisms of action of repurposed drugs with potential activity against SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-07-23
       words: 10674
      flesch: 18
     summary: Among them, the international Solidarity trial launched by the WHO on March 2020 with the aim to find an effective treatment for COVID-19 patients by comparing four different treatments (i.e., lopinavir/ritonavir, lopinavir/ritonavir plus interferon-β, chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine or remdesivir) against standard of care (see also sections 2 and 3). Besides exerting potential direct antiviral effects, baricitinib might prevent the dysregulated production of pro-inflammatory cytokines typically observed in COVID-19 patients via the inactivation of interleukin-6 (IL6)-JAK-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway (this activity will be more deeply discussed in section 3, especially regarding the JAK inhibitor ruxolitinib).
    keywords: acute; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; covid-19 patients; disease; hydroxychloroquine; infection; interferon; patients; pneumonia; protein; remdesivir; ritonavir; rna; sars; study; syndrome; tocilizumab; treatment; use
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        item: #4673 of 5187
          id: cord-345381-9cckppk2
      author: Klimek, Ludger
       title: Use of biologicals in allergic and type-2 inflammatory diseases during the current COVID-19 pandemic: Position paper of Ärzteverband Deutscher Allergologen (AeDA)(A), Deutsche Gesellschaft für Allergologie und Klinische Immunologie (DGAKI)(B), Gesellschaft für Pädiatrische Allergologie und Umweltmedizin (GPA)(C), Österreichische Gesellschaft für Allergologie und Immunologie (ÖGAI)(D), Luxemburgische Gesellschaft für Allergologie und Immunologie (LGAI)(E), Österreichische Gesellschaft für Pneumologie (ÖGP)(F) in co-operation with the German, Austrian, and Swiss ARIA groups(G), and the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI)(H)
        date: 2020-09-07
       words: 6158
      flesch: 34
     summary: Epub ahead of print SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor Risk factors for severity and mortality in adult COVID-19 inpatients in Wuhan High IL-6/IFN-γ ratio could be associated with severe disease in COVID-19 patients The society for immunotherapy of cancer perspective on regulation of interleukin-6 signaling in COVID-19-related systemic inflammatory response Why judiciously timed anti-IL 6 therapy may be of benefit in severe COVID-19 infection. COVID-19 patients with a history of respiratory disease develop ARDS more frequently (58 vs. 42%; 14 vs. 11 patients; of these, 4 vs. 2 patients with asthma; n = 50) ARDS = acute respiratory distress syndrome.
    keywords: asthma; atopic; biologicals; cells; coronavirus; course; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; pandemic; patients; risk; sars; therapy; treatment; type
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        item: #4674 of 5187
          id: cord-345405-ngpsgn63
      author: Tremiliosi, Guilherme C.
       title: Ag nanoparticles-based antimicrobial polycotton fabrics to prevent the transmission and spread of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-06-26
       words: 6262
      flesch: 36
     summary: A Fourier transform Raman study Application of Raman Spectroscopy for Differentiation Among Cotton and Viscose Fibers Dyed with Several Dye Classes Raman spectroscopic investigation of acetylation of raw cotton Spectrochim Physicochemical modifications accompanying UV laser induced surface structures on poly(ethylene terephthalate) and their effect on adhesion of mesenchymal cells Chemical depth profiling of photovoltaic backsheets after accelerated laboratory weathering Reliab Graphene/cotton composite fabrics as flexible electrode materials for electrochemical capacitors RSC Adv Eco-friendly cationic modification of cotton fabrics for improving utilization of reactive dyes RSC Adv Characterization of cotton fabric scouring by FT-IR ATR spectroscopy Pine Cone and Boron Compounds Effect as Reinforcement on Mechanical and Flammability Properties of Polyester Composites Open Chem Influence of Stacking Sequence on the Mechanical and Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Cotton/Glass Fiber Reinforced Polyester Multi-Finishing of Polyester and Polyester Cotton Blend Fabrics Activated by Enzymatic Treatment and Loaded with Antibacterial cotton fabric with enhanced durability prepared using silver nanoparticles and carboxymethyl chitosan Synthesis and optical properties of composite films from P3HT and sandwich-like Ag-C-Ag nanoparticles RSC Adv Laundering durable antibacterial cotton fabrics grafted with pomegranate-shaped polymer wrapped in silver nanoparticle aggregations Sci Silver-cotton nanocomposites: Nano-design of microfibrillar structure causes morphological changes and increased tenacity Sci Enhancing the surface affinity with silver nano-particles for antibacterial cotton fabric by coating carboxymethyl chitosan and l-cysteine Application of silver nanoparticles to cotton fabric as an antibacterial textile finish Fibers Polym Preparation of cotton fibers with antibacterial silver nanoparticles Antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity of cotton fabric coated with conducting polymers, polyaniline or polypyrrole, and with deposited silver nanoparticles Antibacterial properties of cotton fabric treated with silver nanoparticles Durable antibacterial and cross-linking cotton with colloidal silver nanoparticles and butane tetracarboxylic acid without yellowing Colloids Surfaces B Biointerfaces A New Method of Finishing of Cotton Fabric by in Situ Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Ind Controlled synthesis of Ag nanoparticles with different morphologies and their antibacterial properties Ag Nanoparticles/α-Ag 2 WO 4 Composite Formed by Electron Beam and Femtosecond Irradiation as Peiris M. and Poon L. L. M. 2020 Stability of SARS-CoV-2 in different environmental conditions The Lancet Microbe Protease inhibitors: Silver bullets for chronic hepatitis C infection? Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) acquire special attention due to its specificity and environment friendly approach with a wide application in industry and medicine due to its antibacterial, antifungal, larvicidal and anti-parasitic characters.
    keywords: activity; antibacterial; application; control; fabric; nanoparticles; nps; polycotton; properties; samples; silver; surface; test; virus
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        item: #4675 of 5187
          id: cord-345493-3bb1zuqp
      author: Itoyama, Satoru
       title: Identification of an alternative 5′‐untranslated exon and new polymorphisms of angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 gene: Lack of association with SARS in the Vietnamese population
        date: 2005-06-03
       words: 3335
      flesch: 49
     summary: Judging from the results so far obtained in this case-control study, there was no statistical evidence that ACE2 polymorphisms affect SARS infection or alter its clinical course. Taking also into consideration, the results from a previous study of ACE2 polymorphisms by others
    keywords: ace2; contacts; exon; gene; polymorphisms; sars; snps
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        item: #4676 of 5187
          id: cord-345499-hq5um68k
      author: Xiong, Rui
       title: Novel and potent inhibitors targeting DHODH, a rate-limiting enzyme in de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, are broad-spectrum antiviral against RNA viruses including newly emerged coronavirus SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-03-12
       words: 5301
      flesch: 46
     summary: Several independent studies searching for HTAs collectively end up to compounds targeting the host's pyrimidine synthesis pathway to inhibit virus infections, which indicates that the replication of viruses is widely dependent on the host pyrimidine synthesis [11] [12] Acute viral infections, such as influenza virus, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, Ebola virus, Zika virus, and the very recent SARS-CoV-2 are an increasing and probably lasting global threat 1 .
    keywords: antiviral; cells; dhodh; drug; fig; influenza; replication; s312; s416; sars; spectrum; virus
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        item: #4677 of 5187
          id: cord-345529-f12v6bp0
      author: Pan, Q.
       title: Epidemiological characteristics of patients with residual SARS-Cov-2 in Linyi, China
        date: 2020-06-18
       words: 1593
      flesch: 51
     summary: Patients with serious illness are earlier to appear re-positive testing, and have a longer time in positive testing for SARS-Cov-2 after . Supplementary Table 1 Difference between patients with re-positive and negative testing Positive duration refer to range from onsets of symptom or to last time of positive testing, for asymptomatic patients, the range is from first positive laboratory testing to last time of positive testing. .
    keywords: preprint; testing; time
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        item: #4678 of 5187
          id: cord-345603-mirsz6m8
      author: Wehrhahn, Michael C.
       title: Self-collection: an appropriate alternative during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
        date: 2020-05-04
       words: 2348
      flesch: 48
     summary: CONCLUSIONS: Self-collection of throat and nasal swabs offers a reliable alternative to health worker collection for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses and provides patients with easier access to testing, reduces exposure of the community and health workers to those being tested and reduces requirement for PPE. When Ct values for COVID-19 cases were compared by collection method (Figure 1) , mean E-gene Ct did not differ between HC and SCNT or SCN (p=0·236, 0·083, against α'=0·0083) but was significantly higher in SCT compared with HC (β=7·31, p<0·001).
    keywords: cov-2; nasal; patients; sars; swabs
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        item: #4679 of 5187
          id: cord-345628-a4c46m2w
      author: Unudurthi, Sathya D.
       title: Cardiac inflammation in COVID-19: Lessons from heart failure
        date: 2020-09-21
       words: 7735
      flesch: 25
     summary: Different types of immune cells play an important role in promoting and regulating cardiac inflammation, and timing as well as identity of inflammatory cell infiltration in heart may vary, depending on the stimulus Inflammation Mechanisms Underlying Ischemic Cardiac Injury: Cardiac ischemia caused by formation of an occlusive thrombus within the coronary artery leads to myocyte necrosis, triggering intense sterile inflammation and immune cell infiltration in hearts. key: cord-345628-a4c46m2w authors: Unudurthi, Sathya D.; Luthra, Priya; Bose, Rajendran J.C.; McCarthy, Jason; Kontaridis, Maria Irene title: Cardiac inflammation in COVID-19: Lessons from heart failure date: 2020-09-21 journal: Life Sci DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118482 sha: doc_id: 345628 cord_uid: a4c46m2w Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most common co-morbidity associated with COVID-19 and the fatality rate in COVID-19 patients with CVD is highest compared to other comorbidities, such as hypertension and diabetes.
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; et al; heart; infection; infiltration; inflammation; injury; ischemic; mechanisms; patients; remodeling; sars
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        item: #4680 of 5187
          id: cord-345679-ydwcp75s
      author: Younas, Amber
       title: SEROPREVALENCE OF SARS-COV-2 ANTIBODIES AMONG HEALTHY BLOOD DONORS IN KARACHI, PAKISTAN
        date: 2020-08-24
       words: 2372
      flesch: 54
     summary: Almost 40% of blood donors are now seroconverted for COVID-19. Their results were compared with specific serologic results of blood donors that came before the onset of pandemic(October, 2019).
    keywords: antibodies; blood; covid-19; donors; sars; study
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        item: #4681 of 5187
          id: cord-345689-5ns1onkw
      author: Kusters, Inca C.
       title: Manufacturing Vaccines for an Emerging Viral Infection–Specific Issues Associated with the Development of a Prototype SARS Vaccine
        date: 2009-01-30
       words: 6221
      flesch: 39
     summary: In particular, SARS vaccine development is hindered by relatively little information about human CoVs in general. Aetiology: Koch's postulates fulfilled for SARS virus Protection of chickens after live and inactivated virus vaccination against challenge with nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus PA/Wolgemuth/98 Virology: SARS virus infection of cats and ferrets Replication of SARS coronavirus administered into the respiratory tract of African Green, rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys Infectious diseases.
    keywords: animal; cells; cov; decontamination; development; experience; inactivation; phase; sars; vaccine; vero; virus; viruses
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        item: #4682 of 5187
          id: cord-345717-ktajrf7d
      author: Monagin, Corina
       title: Serologic and behavioral risk survey of workers with wildlife contact in China
        date: 2018-04-03
       words: 4588
      flesch: 42
     summary: This study, examining the association between reported wildlife contact and seropositivity for wildlife zoonotic viruses, found detectable levels of antibodies for several pathogens in the population surveyed. We deliberately targeted high risk individuals, making our sample less representative of the general population.
    keywords: animal; china; contact; disease; human; individuals; risk; sars; seropositivity; study; wildlife
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        item: #4683 of 5187
          id: cord-345730-bxwsup70
      author: Kočar, Eva
       title: Cholesterol, lipoproteins, and COVID-19: basic concepts and clinical applications
        date: 2020-11-04
       words: 4038
      flesch: 33
     summary: Therefore, it is intriguing to contemplate whether NAFLD patients without treatment are more J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f susceptible for SARS-CoV-2 infection, or whether statin application may directly affect the entry of SARS-CoV-2 into the host cell by regulating cholesterol cell levels. As lipid lowering drugs, statins might thus significantly reduce the attachment and internalization of SARS-CoV-2 by lowering membrane cholesterol levels (Fig. 1c )
    keywords: cell; cholesterol; cov-2; covid-19; disease; hdl; host; infection; lipid; membrane; sars; virus
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        item: #4684 of 5187
          id: cord-345754-mgixsfcc
      author: Arena, Patrick J.
       title: Race, COVID-19 and deaths of despair
        date: 2020-07-31
       words: 929
      flesch: 36
     summary: Race and unhealthy behaviors: chronic stress, the HPA axis, and physical and mental health disparities over the life course Racial health disparities and COVID-19 -caution and context Hospitalization and mortality among black patients and white patients with COVID-19 Disaster med public health prep Report on LA County COVID-19 data disaggregated by race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status Deaths of despair and the future of capitalism Using socioeconomics to counter health disparities arising from the covid-19 pandemic
    keywords: covid-19; health; individuals
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        item: #4685 of 5187
          id: cord-345827-yo3uq03v
      author: Antiochia, Riccarda
       title: Developments in biosensors for CoV detection and future trends
        date: 2020-10-28
       words: 5970
      flesch: 39
     summary: More importantly, SPR based biosensors show very high sensitivities, comparable to ELISA immunoassay (Gomara et al., 2000) . They do not serve for an early diagnosis and can be used as a complement to the virus detection tests for patients presenting late, after symptoms onset, to healthcare facilities or when virus detection tests are negative despite strong indications of infection.
    keywords: antibodies; antibody; antigen; biosensors; cov; cov-2; covid-19; detection; et al; protein; sars; surface; virus
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        item: #4686 of 5187
          id: cord-345841-pq5f82gf
      author: PATBERG, Elizabeth T.
       title: COVID-19 Infection and Placental Histopathology in Women Delivering at Term
        date: 2020-10-19
       words: 5903
      flesch: 37
     summary: 250 For the secondary objective, when comparing asymptomatic COVID-19 patients (n=67) 251 to the controls, a significant difference was again observed in the frequency of fetal vascular 252 malperfusion and villitis of unknown etiology (31.3% (21/67) vs 3.6% (2/56), p<0.0001; and 253 22.4% (15/67) versus 7.1% (4/56), p=0.020, respectively; Table 5 ). Therefore, we undertook this retrospective cohort study to compare 100 placental pathology findings between women with COVID-19 at term versus a control group of 101 between asymptomatic COVID-19 patients and placental pathology.
    keywords: cases; covid-19; etiology; malperfusion; patients; placental; vascular; villitis
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        item: #4687 of 5187
          id: cord-345854-f0dq94j1
      author: Chong, Wai Po
       title: The interferon gamma gene polymorphism +874 A/T is associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome
        date: 2006-05-04
       words: 1774
      flesch: 46
     summary: Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is an infectious disease caused by SARS coronavirus [1] with >8000 cases and 774 deaths reported in 2003 The IFN-γ +874A allele was overrepresented in SARS patients (83.1%) when compared with the controls (66.3%) (P < 0.001).
    keywords: ifn; il-10; sars; tnf
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        item: #4688 of 5187
          id: cord-345864-87b5qdjx
      author: Rudolph, James L.
       title: Temperature in Nursing Home Residents Systematically Tested for SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-06-09
       words: 1484
      flesch: 47
     summary: The objective of this study is to describe the temperature changes before and after universal testing for SARS-CoV-2 in nursing home residents. Conclusions and Implications A single screening for temperature is unlikely to detect nursing home residents with SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: nursing; residents; sars; temperature
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        item: #4689 of 5187
          id: cord-345879-nbfg47x5
      author: Bonaz, Bruno
       title: Targeting the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway with vagus nerve stimulation in patients with Covid-19?
        date: 2020-07-29
       words: 4079
      flesch: 33
     summary: In fact, upregulation of ACE2 appears to be protective against tissue damage caused by SARS-CoV-2 (see for review Farsalinos et al.) However, active IBD, older age and presence of comorbidities are associated with a higher risk of COVID-19 pneumonia and death in patients with IBD (Bezzio et al. 2020) .
    keywords: covid-19; et al; inflammatory; nerve; patients; vagal; vagus; vns
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        item: #4690 of 5187
          id: cord-345887-ymo4mxx7
      author: Pinky
       title: Mesenchymal Stem Cell Derived Exosomes: a Nano Platform for Therapeutics and Drug Delivery in Combating COVID-19
        date: 2020-07-13
       words: 5723
      flesch: 36
     summary: key: cord-345887-ymo4mxx7 authors: Pinky; Gupta, Suchi; Krishnakumar, Vishnu; Sharma, Yashvi; Dinda, Amit Kumar; Mohanty, Sujata title: Mesenchymal Stem Cell Derived Exosomes: a Nano Platform for Therapeutics and Drug Delivery in Combating COVID-19 date: 2020-07-13 journal: Stem Cell Rev Rep DOI: 10.1007/s12015-020-10002-z sha: doc_id: 345887 cord_uid: ymo4mxx7 The recent pandemic situation transpired due to coronavirus novel strain SARS-CoV-2 has become a global concern. Another application of MSC derived exosomes has been presented in drug delivery, which has made these nano-vesicles an attractive clinical tool.
    keywords: cell; covid-19; delivery; disease; drug; exosomes; lung; mesenchymal; mscs; patients; potential; role; stem; studies
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        item: #4691 of 5187
          id: cord-345929-z7yfegr5
      author: Thakur, Suman S.
       title: Proteomics and Its Application in Pandemic Diseases
        date: 2020-11-06
       words: 1360
      flesch: 9
     summary: From Interaction-Based to Ribosomal Biology Impact on Disease and Risk Processes Molecular Basis of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Rational Design of Potential Antiviral Agents: By using NMR spectroscopy, Loo et al. reported that inactivation by heat causes the degradation of lipoproteins and changes in various metabolic information in SARS-CoV-2-infected plasma samples.
    keywords: covid-19; protein; sars; virus
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        item: #4692 of 5187
          id: cord-345992-3ij1vbqp
      author: Drosten, Christian
       title: SARS Molecular Detection External Quality Assurance
        date: 2004-12-17
       words: 1746
      flesch: 38
     summary: New case of laboratory-confirmed SARS in Guangdong, China-update 5 Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Koch's postulates fulfilled for SARS virus Evaluation of advanced reverse transcription-PCR assays and an alternative PCR target region for detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus Quantitative analysis and prognostic implication of SARS coronavirus RNA in the plasma and serum of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome World Health Organization. WHO SARS International Reference and Verification Laboratory Network: Policy and procedures in the interepidemic period Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay for SARS-associated coronavirus Real-time polymerase chain reaction for detecting SARS coronavirus Detection of SARS coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome by conventional and real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR assays World Health Organization.
    keywords: laboratories; samples; sars; virus
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        item: #4693 of 5187
          id: cord-345999-iiw4cs8p
      author: Khare, Prashant
       title: Current approaches for target-specific drug discovery using natural compounds against SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-09-24
       words: 3295
      flesch: 49
     summary: Triterpenes [betulinic acid (22) and savinin (23)] were reported to possess anti 3CLpro activity (Wen et al., 2007) . 4.00 μM (Wen et al., 2007)
    keywords: coronavirus; cov; cov-2; receptor; sars; wen
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        item: #4694 of 5187
          id: cord-346008-6v2gdz4a
      author: Jeong, Areum
       title: Changes in the Clinical Practice of Ophthalmology during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak: an Experience from Daegu, Korea
        date: 2020-06-02
       words: 1153
      flesch: 48
     summary: Due to close contact during examination, frequent exposure to tears and ocular discharge, and the inevitable sharing of equipment, ophthalmologists and patients are at a higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients with emergency eye conditions are evaluated under infection control team.
    keywords: control; covid-19; patients; sars
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        item: #4695 of 5187
          id: cord-346015-bzeqs5oh
      author: Wang, Yeming
       title: Remdesivir in adults with severe COVID-19: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial
        date: 2020-04-29
       words: 5241
      flesch: 39
     summary: The median age of study patients was 65 years (IQR 56-71); sex distribution was 89 (56%) men versus 69 (44%) women in the remdesivir group and 51 (65%) versus 27 (35%) in the placebo group (table 1). In patients with use of remdesivir within 10 days after symptom onset, 28-day mortality was not significantly different between the groups, although numerically higher in the placebo group; by contrast, in the group of patients with late use, remdesivir patients had numerically higher 28-day mortality, although there was no significant difference.
    keywords: clinical; covid-19; days; group; patients; placebo; remdesivir; sars; study; time; treatment; trial
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        item: #4696 of 5187
          id: cord-346032-188gnf8j
      author: Cheung, Ying-Kit
       title: Induction of T-cell response by a DNA vaccine encoding a novel HLA-A*0201 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus epitope
        date: 2007-08-10
       words: 4776
      flesch: 38
     summary: The N-protein transduced N/E6E7/2.1K b cells were used as target cells. The spontaneous release of LDH by target cells or effector cells The full-length amino acid sequence of the SARS N-protein was subjected to bioinformatic analysis to search for HLA-A*0201 restricted nine-amino acid peptides.
    keywords: cells; class; cytotoxic; dna; hla; human; mhc; peptide; protein; response; sars; vaccine
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        item: #4697 of 5187
          id: cord-346055-7fa57pmf
      author: Visani, Giuseppe
       title: SARS-CoV-2 impact in a community-based hematological ward in an Italian Red Zone
        date: 2020-06-13
       words: 741
      flesch: 42
     summary: Among asymptomatic patients, 5/116 (4%) patients resulted Covid-19 positive. Accordingly, hematological patients present a unique challenge during this pandemic.
    keywords: covid-19; patients; sars
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        item: #4698 of 5187
          id: cord-346089-u31n0qxa
      author: McDade, Thomas W.
       title: High seroprevalence for SARS-CoV-2 among household members of essential workers detected using a dried blood spot assay
        date: 2020-08-14
       words: 2235
      flesch: 46
     summary: Serological testing for SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in DBS samples can facilitate seroprevalence assessment in community settings to address epidemiological questions, monitor duration of antibody responses, and assess if antibodies against the spike protein correlate with protection from reinfection. We adapted this ELISA to measure IgG antibodies to the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in DBS samples.
    keywords: antibodies; dbs; household; samples; sars; testing
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        item: #4699 of 5187
          id: cord-346092-fo83f99f
      author: Fang, Li‐Qun
       title: Geographical spread of SARS in mainland China
        date: 2009-06-05
       words: 2765
      flesch: 43
     summary: To characterise the SARS epidemic situation during the whole epidemic period, we first counted the number of SARS cases of each county or township, then created a cumulative incidence map of SARS epidemics and fitted a smoothly tapered surface to each case's location by using a kernel density analysis. Spatial analyses including kernel density estimation, and spatial statistical and tracking analyses were performed to characterise the spatiotemporal distribution of SARS cases based on onset location/date.
    keywords: beijing; cases; china; density; epidemic; sars
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        item: #4700 of 5187
          id: cord-346138-ip42zcld
      author: Zhurakivska, Khrystyna
       title: An Overview of the Temporal Shedding of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in Clinical Specimens
        date: 2020-08-20
       words: 3956
      flesch: 48
     summary: All patients, except one in Kim's report (12) and four reported by Liu et al. (27) had negative viral detection in urine. Results on viral RNA detection in saliva are reported in two papers (17, 18) . Aimed at identifying viral RNA in the various compartments of the organism of sick subjects, diagnostic tests are carried out.
    keywords: disease; load; patients; rna; sars; studies; virus
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        item: #4701 of 5187
          id: cord-346145-hnfeauow
      author: Pillay, Sureshnee
       title: Whole Genome Sequencing of SARS-CoV-2: Adapting Illumina Protocols for Quick and Accurate Outbreak Investigation during a Pandemic
        date: 2020-08-17
       words: 7287
      flesch: 51
     summary: Flex library preparation kit was suggested by their technical team as a potentially better and quicker solution to produce SARS-CoV-2 genomes, which we found to be true. Furthermore, reagents for only 24 samples were available, as the order of Illumina TruSeq DNA Library preparation kit (x 96 sample libraries), which was placed in February and was enough to produce 480 genomes, had not arrived, due to the restrictions on international flights.
    keywords: cov-2; dna; genomes; illumina; library; outbreak; preparation; samples; sars; sequencing; step
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        item: #4702 of 5187
          id: cord-346146-yal0ctpq
      author: Peyronnet, Violaine
       title: Infection par le SARS-CoV-2 chez les femmes enceintes. Actualisation de l’état des connaissances et de la proposition de prise en charge. CNGOF
        date: 2020-10-05
       words: 9033
      flesch: 52
     summary: Pour le HCSP, ce bilan doit être répété en cas de poursuite de l'hospitalisation à 7-9 jours de l'admission. Pour l'analyse de la littérature, une recherche a été effectuée sur la base de donnée Pubmed en utilisant les mots clés associant « codiv-19 », « Sars-Co-V-2 », « Pregnancy », « congenital infection », « delivery », « maternal outcome ».
    keywords: cas; charge; chez; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; dans; des; doit; est; femmes; grossesse; infection; les; par; pas; patients; pendant; peut; pour; pregnancy; prise; que; qui; risque; sars; sont; sur; symptômes; une; été; être
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        item: #4703 of 5187
          id: cord-346153-9162w7il
      author: Openshaw, P J
       title: Crossing barriers: infections of the lung and the gut
        date: 2008-12-24
       words: 1718
      flesch: 36
     summary: 9 Although dual tropism for both the lung and gut may be an obvious and clear reason to consider the gut in respiratory infection, links can also be more subtle and complex. It has been known for many years that healthy people o en carry pathogenic bacteria (such as Neisseria meningitides or Streptococcus pneumoniae ) in the upper respiratory tract, but may only develop invasive disease during coinfection with respiratory viruses.
    keywords: coronavirus; gut; infection; sars; symptoms
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        item: #4704 of 5187
          id: cord-346176-w6uaet7l
      author: Nayeri, Shadi
       title: Conducting Translational Gastrointestinal Research in the Era of COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-26
       words: 3099
      flesch: 47
     summary: We discuss modes of virus transmission in enclosed environments [including clinical workplaces and laboratories] and potential risks of exposure in the endoscopy environment for research staff. Translational research relies on in-person involvement of research staff and patients in most circumstances.
    keywords: activities; cov-2; covid-19; laboratory; pandemic; phase; research; sars; staff
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        item: #4705 of 5187
          id: cord-346197-7g5d9x57
      author: Capecchi, E.
       title: Is nasopharyngeal swab comparable with nasopharyngeal aspirate to detect SARS-CoV-2 in children?
        date: 2020-07-05
       words: 859
      flesch: 55
     summary: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.02.20142521 doi: medRxiv preprint In December 2019 appeared in China a novel coronavirus, designated as SARS-CoV-2, responsible for a pandemic respiratory disease, known as coronavirus Disease (COVID-19), with the Italian outbreak from February 2020. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.02.20142521 doi: medRxiv preprint Considering NPA as the gold standard for detection of SARS-CoV-2, we calculated sensitivities and specificities of NS.
    keywords: medrxiv; preprint
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        item: #4706 of 5187
          id: cord-346212-mcnr7bcp
      author: Bonzano, Chiara
       title: Doxycycline: From Ocular Rosacea to COVID-19 Anosmia. New Insight Into the Coronavirus Outbreak
        date: 2020-05-08
       words: 2659
      flesch: 29
     summary: Respiratory viruses such as rhinovirus and parainfluenza Epstein-Barr virus commonly could cause olfactory dysfunction (OD) by leading an inflammation in the olfactory mucosa resulting in rhinorrhea. These S proteins are organized in trimers that end up on the virion in a corona way giving it the characteristic crown-like look which seems to play a significative role in viral infection and pathogenesis (12) .
    keywords: covid-19; dox; doxycycline; infection; olfactory; patients; viral; virus
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        item: #4707 of 5187
          id: cord-346222-rzbzlnr4
      author: Kim, Dae-Kyum
       title: A Comprehensive, Flexible Collection of SARS-CoV-2 Coding Regions
        date: 2020-08-06
       words: 1750
      flesch: 28
     summary: Based on the published annotation of the genome sequence of the HKU-SZ-005b (GenBank MN975262; Chan et al. 2020 ) and Wuhan-Hu-1 (GenBank MN908947; Wu et al. 2020) isolates of SARS-CoV-2, we requested the synthesis of viral coding sequences (GenScript and Integrated DNA Technologies), including termination codons and n■ attB recombination sequences, with optimization of codon usage to reduce GC content and optimize expression in human and insect cells. We hope that this SARS-CoV-2 CDS-clone collection will be a valuable resource for many applications, including study of how coronaviruses can exploit host cellular processes for the viral replication cycle (de Wilde et al. 2018) , understanding virus-host protein-protein interactions (Gordon et al. 2020; Lasso et al. 2019) , production of recombinant virus proteins for structural studies (Edavettal et al. 2012) , mapping of protein subcellular localization using N-terminal fluorescent reporters (Tanz et al. 2013) , or development of vaccines or other therapeutics (Jing et al. 2012; McDonald et al. 2007) .
    keywords: clones; collection; cov-2; gateway; sars
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        item: #4708 of 5187
          id: cord-346246-2phtdgh4
      author: Mattar, Shaikh Abdul Matin
       title: Subacute thyroiditis associated with COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-25
       words: 2252
      flesch: 42
     summary: 6 7 Given prior described literature by Ohsako et al on genetic aspects of subacute thyroiditis and certain human leucocyte antigens that predispose to subacute thyroiditis in a Japanese study, 8 our case further sheds light onto possible research directions into gender, ethnic and therefore genetic predilection of viral subacute thyroiditis in the different populations demonstrated in reports so far. key: cord-346246-2phtdgh4 authors: Mattar, Shaikh Abdul Matin; Koh, Samuel Ji Quan; Rama Chandran, Suresh; Cherng, Benjamin Pei Zhi title: Subacute thyroiditis associated with COVID-19 date: 2020-08-25 journal: BMJ Case Rep DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2020-237336 sha: doc_id: 346246 cord_uid: 2phtdgh4 We report a case of a hospitalised patient with COVID-19 who developed subacute thyroiditis in association with SARS-COV-2 infection.
    keywords: case; covid-19; neck; pain; sars; tachycardia; thyroiditis
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        item: #4709 of 5187
          id: cord-346248-6wkyar57
      author: de Moura, Diogo Turiani Hourneaux
       title: Diagnostic Characteristics of Serological-Based COVID-19 Testing: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
        date: 2020-08-06
       words: 3900
      flesch: 36
     summary: At this time, it is challenging for the authors to draw firm conclusions regarding the absolute utility of serologic-based testing, beyond the simple need to improve diagnostic testing characteristics. Heterogeneity is generally accepted to be present within diagnostic test accuracy reviews (35) .
    keywords: analysis; covid-19; igg; igm; meta; serologic; studies; testing; tests
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        item: #4710 of 5187
          id: cord-346263-8znpqcth
      author: Ding, Huiling
       title: Transnational Quarantine Rhetorics: Public Mobilization in SARS and in H1N1 Flu
        date: 2014-04-13
       words: 9981
      flesch: 38
     summary: As one of the most seriously affected hospitals, People's Hospital treated over 8,360 patients with fever with 205 of them diagnosed as SARS cases from April 5 to April 24. In addition, Beijing witnessed the wide use of quarantines in construction sites, dormitories in hospitals and universities, and residential buildings in which confirmed SARS cases were found.
    keywords: april; beijing; china; chinese; communities; control; h1n1; health; home; hospital; official; patients; people; public; quarantines; risk; sars; students; workers
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        item: #4711 of 5187
          id: cord-346281-sma6e891
      author: Maldonado, Valente
       title: Repositioning of pentoxifylline as an immunomodulator and regulator of the renin-angiotensin system in the treatment of COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-09
       words: 5721
      flesch: 27
     summary: At the same time, Ang II is considered to function as a growth factor that regulates cell proliferation/apoptosis and fibrosis, as well as a mediator that attracts inflammatory cells to sites of tissue injury [19] . By contrast, Tregs attenuate the activation, proliferation, and effector functions of a wide range of immune cells for the maintenance of auto-tolerance and immune homeostasis
    keywords: ace2; angiotensin; cells; covid-19; cytokines; immune; levels; lung; patients; pentoxifylline; ptx; sars; treatment
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        item: #4712 of 5187
          id: cord-346291-qqy9ld94
      author: Noroozi, Rezvan
       title: Altered cytokine levels and immune responses in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and related conditions
        date: 2020-05-21
       words: 1467
      flesch: 24
     summary: The Journal of infectious diseases MERS-CoV infection in humans is associated with a pro-inflammatory Th1 and Th17 cytokine profile Virus infection activates IL-1β and IL-18 production in human macrophages by a caspase-1-dependent pathway Interleukin (IL)-1 β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor in patients with seasonal flu High production of interleukin-10 and interferon-γ in influenza-associated MERS in the early phase Comparative and kinetic analysis of viral shedding and immunological responses in MERS patients representing a broad spectrum of disease severity Cytokine regulation in SARS coronavirus infection compared to other respiratory virus infections Dynamic changes in blood cytokine levels as clinical indicators in severe acute respiratory syndrome Local and systemic cytokine responses during experimental human influenza A virus infection. In the current review, we summarize the results of studies which reported alterations in cytokine levels and immune cell functions in patients affected with SARS-CoV-2 and related viruses.
    keywords: cells; cov-2; infection; patients; sars
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        item: #4713 of 5187
          id: cord-346299-2s9j01q7
      author: Salim Khan, S Muhammad
       title: Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG antibodies in District Srinagar, northern India – a cross-sectional study
        date: 2020-09-04
       words: 1411
      flesch: 45
     summary: Immunity and Ageing List of hospitals across District Srinagar Age and gender distribution of the population in District Srinagar and the 406 estimated population Estimated number of infections in District Srinagar Age-and gender-standardized seroprevalence key: cord-346299-2s9j01q7 authors: Salim Khan, S Muhammad; Qurieshi, Mariya Amin; Haq, Inaamul; Majid, Sabhiya; Bhat, Arif Akbar; Nabi, Sahila; Ganai, Nisar Ahmad; Zahoor, Nazia; Nisar, Auqfeen; Chowdri, Iqra Nisar; Qazi, Tanzeela Bashir; Kousar, Rafiya; Lone, Abdul Aziz; Sabah, Iram; Nabi, Shahroz; Sumji, Ishtiyaq Ahmad; Kawoosa, Misbah Ferooz; Ayoub, Shifana title: Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG antibodies in District Srinagar, northern India – a cross-sectional study date: 2020-09-04 journal: bioRxiv DOI: 10.1101/2020.09.04.282640 sha: doc_id: 346299 cord_uid: 2s9j01q7 Background Prevalence of IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 infection provides essential information for deciding disease prevention and mitigation measures.
    keywords: antibodies; cov-2; sars; seroprevalence; study
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        item: #4714 of 5187
          id: cord-346325-grt67p73
      author: Reilev, M.
       title: Characteristics and predictors of hospitalization and death in the first 9,519 cases with a positive RT-PCR test for SARS-CoV-2 in Denmark: A nationwide cohort
        date: 2020-05-26
       words: 4664
      flesch: 41
     summary: Among PCR positive cases with 4 or more comorbidities, the ORs for hospitalization was 3.6 and 5.2 for death compared to PCR positive cases without any comorbidities ( Table 2) . We included PCR positive cases with an index date prior to April 30 th , We first assessed the number of SARS-CoV-2 PCR positive cases in Denmark as well as the number of individuals tested PCR negative for SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: age; cases; comorbidities; cov-2; disease; pcr; preprint; sars
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        item: #4715 of 5187
          id: cord-346331-d0s028wl
      author: Lackey, Kimberly A.
       title: SARS‐CoV‐2 and human milk: What is the evidence?
        date: 2020-05-30
       words: 5642
      flesch: 42
     summary: Importantly, none of the studies on coronaviruses and human milk report validation of their collection and analytical methods for use in human milk. key: cord-346331-d0s028wl authors: Lackey, Kimberly A.; Pace, Ryan M.; Williams, Janet E.; Bode, Lars; Donovan, Sharon M.; Järvinen, Kirsi M.; Seppo, Antti E.; Raiten, Daniel J.; Meehan, Courtney L.; McGuire, Mark A.; McGuire, Michelle K. title: SARS‐CoV‐2 and human milk: What is the evidence? date: 2020-05-30 journal:
    keywords: breastfeeding; cov-2; et al; human; infant; infection; milk; sars; transmission; women
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        item: #4716 of 5187
          id: cord-346335-el45v0a5
      author: Tan, H.S.
       title: Fourier spectral density of the coronavirus genome
        date: 2020-08-11
       words: 4647
      flesch: 47
     summary: Beyond the specific linear form of the correlation function postulated in (6), it is also representative of a large class of correlation functions of the form where τ ≡ l − j,κ is a small constant andτ =κ |τ | M . Thus, (6) could approximate correlation functions of the general form F κ |τ | M whereκ is a small dimensionless parameter, and For example, if the correlation function turns out to be an exponentially decaying function of the form e − B|τ | M with B 1, then to a good approximation we can identify κ ∼ B. The power-law decay in (A) parametrizes the decay of the envelope whereas the model in (6) could account for non-vanishing local minima in the low-frequency domain.
    keywords: density; domain; frequency; function; genome; protein; sequence
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        item: #4717 of 5187
          id: cord-346345-jc9bq0zu
      author: Smith, Colin M
       title: COVID-19-associated brief psychotic disorder
        date: 2020-08-11
       words: 2612
      flesch: 34
     summary: Although studies investigating the treatment of COVID-19 psychosis have not been undertaken, treatment of secondary psychosis should be geared towards treating the underlying illness while managing psychotic symptoms with antipsychotics and benzodiazepines at the lowest possible dose. Further, one patient had a comorbid panic disorder, which may lead to heightened vulnerability to psychotic illness, and another was experiencing homelessness and was on 120 mg of methadone for opioid use disorder, again confounding the diagnosis of COVID-19 psychosis.
    keywords: case; covid-19; history; patients; psychosis; sars; symptoms
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        item: #4718 of 5187
          id: cord-346370-jdfsacds
      author: Sergi, Consolato M.
       title: The Facemask in Public and Healthcare Workers– A Need not a Belief
        date: 2020-05-13
       words: 1190
      flesch: 44
     summary: Strict isolation and social distancing measures can flatten the coronavirus infectious curve, and the use of facemask needs to be encouraged and facilitated in crowded places, particularly in hospitals where the 6-feet social distancing cannot be adopted because of physical barriers. While strict isolation and social distancing measures can flatten the infectious curve, the use of facemask needs to be encouraged and facilitated where the 6-feet social distancing cannot be implemented because of physical barriers.
    keywords: covid-19; distancing; measures; pandemic
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        item: #4719 of 5187
          id: cord-346389-gbmnoo84
      author: Callender, Lauren A.
       title: The Impact of Pre-existing Comorbidities and Therapeutic Interventions on COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-11
       words: 10050
      flesch: 29
     summary: Engineering Coronavirus susceptibility to the antiviral remdesivir (GS-5734) is mediated by the viral polymerase and the proofreading exoribonuclease Broad-spectrum antiviral GS-5734 inhibits both epidemic and zoonotic coronaviruses Comparative therapeutic efficacy of remdesivir and combination lopinavir, ritonavir, and interferon beta against MERS-CoV Remdesivir in adults with severe COVID-19: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial Gilead Announces Results From Phase 3 Trial of Remdesivir in Patients With Moderate COVID-19 Available online at Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in severe and refractory systemic lupus erythematosus Survival after mesenchymal stromal cell therapy in steroidrefractory acute graft-versus-host disease: systematic review and metaanalysis Transplantation of ACE2-mesenchymal stem cells improves the outcome of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia Extraordinary GUrich single-strand RNA identified from SARS coronavirus contributes an excessive innate immune response Delayed induction of proinflammatory cytokines and suppression of innate antiviral response by the novel Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: implications for pathogenesis and treatment Effective treatment of severe COVID-19 patients with tocilizumab Favorable changes of CT findings in a patient with COVID-19 pneumonia after treatment with tocilizumab Tocilizumab, an anti-IL6 receptor antibody, to treat Covid-19-related respiratory failure: a case report Rapid and severe Covid-19 pneumonia with severe acute chest syndrome in a sickle cell patient successfully treated with tocilizumab Dissection of the effects of jak and btk inhibitors on the functionality of healthy and malignant lymphocytes COVID-19: combining antiviral and anti-inflammatory treatments Baricitinib for COVID-19: a suitable treatment? TH17 responses in cytokine storm of COVID-19: an emerging target of JAK2 inhibitor fedratinib Baricitinib restrains the immune dysregulation in COVID-19 patients. Given that comorbidities are associated with high mortality among COVID-19 patients, a better understanding of the biological mechanisms that underpin this risk are needed to enable development of appropriate preventative and therapeutic strategies.
    keywords: cases; cells; china; comorbidities; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; covid-19 patients; disease; immune; individuals; infection; patients; risk; sars; study; treatment; use
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        item: #4720 of 5187
          id: cord-346403-fuxs1axy
      author: Davanzo, G. G.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 Uses CD4 to Infect T Helper Lymphocytes
        date: 2020-09-28
       words: 3504
      flesch: 53
     summary: To confirm that SARS-CoV-2 infects CD4 + T cells in vivo, we purified CD4 + and CD8 + T cells from peripheral blood cells of COVID-19 patients (table S1). Similar to our ex vivo findings, SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in CD4 + T cells, but not in CD8 + T cells from COVID-19 .
    keywords: cd4; cells; cov-2; fig; preprint; sars
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        item: #4721 of 5187
          id: cord-346413-2njl0fd3
      author: Nakazawa, Daigo
       title: Immunothrombosis in severe COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-15
       words: 836
      flesch: 30
     summary: In contrast, vascular endothelial cells provide abundant ACE2 for SARS-CoV-2 next to alveolar epithelial cells in the lungs. Based on the loss of CD31 + cells in the endothelium that were close to the aggregated NETs, Leppkes and coworkers suggested that the injury of vascular endothelial cells infected with SARS-CoV-2 could trigger neutrophil attraction and NET formation (Fig. 1) .
    keywords: cells; covid-19; nets
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        item: #4722 of 5187
          id: cord-346441-b1r6i0wq
      author: Polverino, Francesca
       title: Cigarette Smoking and COVID-19: A Complex Interaction
        date: 2020-08-01
       words: 898
      flesch: 33
     summary: Pre-admission statin use and in-hospital severity of 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) disease Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study Tobacco smoking increases the lung gene expression of ACE2, the receptor of SARS-CoV-2 SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor Structural variations in human ACE2 may influence its binding with SARS-CoV-2 spike protein Nicotine and the renin-angiotensin system Alternative roles of STAT3 and MAPK signaling pathways in the MMPs activation and progression of lung injury induced by cigarette smoke exposure in ACE2 knockout mice The overall lower-thanexpected prevalence of smoking reported in retrospective and/or observational databases is most likely because of incomplete or incorrect information about smoking patterns. The data from Cai and colleagues, recently published in the Journal (2), report upregulation of pulmonary ACE2 (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2) gene expression in ever- smokers compared with nonsmokers in several transcriptomic data sets of lung samples from healthy never-and eversmokers and patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
    keywords: ace2; covid-19; sars
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        item: #4723 of 5187
          id: cord-346445-hgqohdct
      author: Toyoshima, Yujiro
       title: SARS-CoV-2 genomic variations associated with mortality rate of COVID-19
        date: 2020-07-22
       words: 3555
      flesch: 46
     summary: In correlation analyses, we identified that ORF1ab 4715L and S protein 614G variants, which are in a strong linkage disequilibrium, showed significant positive correlations with fatality rates (r = 0.41, P = 0.029 and r = 0.43, P = 0.022, respectively). We also found that the frequency of several HLA alleles, including HLA-A*11:01, were significantly associated with the fatality rates, although these factors were associated with number of infected cases and not an independent factor to affect fatality rate in each country.
    keywords: countries; cov-2; fatality; fig; rates; sars
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        item: #4724 of 5187
          id: cord-346512-y5d8q5b9
      author: Pellicciaro, Marco
       title: Breast cancer patients with hormone neoadjuvant bridging therapy due to asymptomatic Corona virus infection. Case report, clinical and histopathologic findings
        date: 2020-10-08
       words: 2057
      flesch: 41
     summary: key: cord-346512-y5d8q5b9 authors: Pellicciaro, Marco; Granai, Alessandra Vittoria; Marchese, Gloria; Materazzo, Marco; Cotesta, Maria; Santori, Francesca; Giacobbi, Erica; Servadei, Francesca; Grelli, Sandro; Perretta, Tommaso; Meucci, Rosaria; Pistolese, Chiara Adriana; Vanni, Gianluca title: Breast cancer patients with hormone neoadjuvant bridging therapy due to asymptomatic Corona virus infection. COVID-19 outbreak determined the publication of temporary recommendation leading to an extensive use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients.
    keywords: breast; cancer; case; covid-19; patients; surgery
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        item: #4725 of 5187
          id: cord-346530-o65m0whe
      author: Chaumont, H.
       title: Mixed central and peripheral nervous system disorders in severe SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-06-12
       words: 774
      flesch: 29
     summary: Patients had comorbidities and were admitted for acute respiratory distress syndrome due to a proven SARS-CoV-2 infection. To note, before admission to intensive care unit, patients had no neurological symptom, except for anosmia or ageusia in two of them.
    keywords: covid-19; patients
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        item: #4726 of 5187
          id: cord-346532-4xpnd93d
      author: Strömich, Léonie
       title: Allosteric Hotspots in the Main Protease of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-11-06
       words: 2371
      flesch: 48
     summary: Site 1 and 2 have a 151 high score of 0.97 and 0.96, respectively and score much higher than a randomly sampled site would score with 0.53 152 (95% CI: 0.53-0.54) for a a site of the size of site 1 or 0.52 (95% CI: 0.51-0.53) for a site of the size of site 2. However, considering allosteric sites, distant from the active or orthosteric site, broadens the search space for drug candidates and confers the advantages of allosteric drug targeting.
    keywords: allosteric; bond; protease; residues; score; site
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        item: #4727 of 5187
          id: cord-346539-kxnrf5g5
      author: Riggioni, Carmen
       title: A compendium answering 150 questions on COVID‐19 and SARS‐CoV‐2
        date: 2020-06-14
       words: 15806
      flesch: 41
     summary: All rights reserved hypersensitivity reactions to drugs may occur more often during the pandemic due to the increased use of drugs and drug interactions, which can result in morbilliform rash, erythroderma, Early Transmission Dynamics in Wuhan, China, of Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia Effect of changing case definitions for COVID-19 on the epidemic curve and transmission parameters in mainland China: a modelling study Presumed Asymptomatic Carrier Transmission of COVID-19 Eleven faces of coronavirus disease 2019 The proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2 Phylogenetic network analysis of SARS-CoV-2 genomes Structural and Functional Basis of SARS-CoV-2 Entry by Using Human ACE2 SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor Distribution of ACE2, CD147, cyclophilins, CD26 and other SARS-CoV-2 associated molecules in various human tissues and immune cells in health and disease SARS-CoV-2 entry factors are highly expressed in nasal epithelial cells together with innate immune genes SARS-CoV-2 Receptor ACE2 Is an Interferon-Stimulated Gene in Human Airway Epithelial Cells and Is Detected in Specific Cell Subsets across Tissues Single cell RNA sequencing of 13 human tissues identify cell types and receptors of human coronaviruses Distribution of ACE2, CD147, CD26 and other SARS-CoV-2 associated molecules in tissues and immune cells in health and in asthma, COPD, obesity, hypertension, and COVID-19 risk factors TMPRSS2 and TMPRSS4 promote SARS-CoV-2 infection of human small intestinal enterocytes The potential danger of suboptimal antibody responses in COVID-19 Resistance to coronavirus infection in amino peptidase N-deficient pigs Mammalian Glutamyl Aminopeptidase Genes (ENPEP) and Proteins: Comparative Studies of a Major Contributor to Arterial Hypertension Emerging WuHan (COVID-19) coronavirus: glycan shield and structure prediction of spike glycoprotein and its interaction with human CD26 ACE1 polymorphism and progression of SARS Longitudinal profile of antibodies against SARS-coronavirus in SARS patients and their clinical significance Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in patients with COVID-19 Long-term coexistence of SARS-CoV-2 with antibody response in COVID-19 patients Distinct features of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgA response in COVID-19 patients The Multifaceted B Cell Response in Allergen Immunotherapy COVID-19 Autopsies EAACI position paper on how to classify cutaneous manifestations of drug hypersensitivity Lung eosinophils-A novel virus sink that is defective in asthma? On the other hand, a retrospective study on SARS patients in Hong Kong suggested a better survival rate in patients treated with prednisolone for milder pneumonia or methylprednisolone in more severe cases.
    keywords: ace2; article; asthma; cases; cells; children; copyright; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; covid-19 patients; data; days; disease; figure; human; infection; non; pandemic; patients; reserved; responses; rights; risk; sars; studies; study; transmission; treatment; use
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        item: #4728 of 5187
          id: cord-346544-kk7qyn4w
      author: Andersson, M.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 RNA detected in blood samples from patients with COVID-19 is not associated with infectious virus
        date: 2020-05-26
       words: 5001
      flesch: 47
     summary: Protocols to underpin the safe handling of blood samples need to consider the best evidence for routes and risks of transmission in order to mandate safe laboratory practice, being informed by the nature of the samples and the specific task being undertaken (including any risk of aerosol generation), while also maintaining optimum cost effective workflow of clinical samples. 21.20105486 doi: medRxiv preprint Here we assimilate the peer-reviewed literature describing the presence of SARS CoV-2 RNA in human blood, with the aim of providing a pooled dataset to provide improved insights into the causes and correlates of RNA-aemia.
    keywords: blood; clinical; cov-2; covid-19; license; medrxiv; pcr; preprint; rna; samples; sars
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        item: #4729 of 5187
          id: cord-346546-yffwd0dc
      author: Douangamath, Alice
       title: Crystallographic and electrophilic fragment screening of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease
        date: 2020-05-27
       words: 4101
      flesch: 44
     summary: Non-covalent fragments were soaked (Collins et al., 2017) , 123 whereas electrophile fragments were both soaked and co-crystallized as previously described 124 (Resnick et al., 2019) , to ensure that as many of the mass spectrometry hits as possible were 125 structurally observed. 615 MichelaNglo: sculpting protein views on web pages without coding An improved model for fragment-619 based lead generation at AstraZeneca Structure-based design,synthesis, and 622 biological evaluation of peptidomimetic SARS-CoV 3CLpro inhibitors Conservation of substrate specificities among coronavirus main 625 proteases From SARS to MERS: crystallographic studies on coronaviral proteases 627 enable antiviral drug design Critical 629 assessment of important regions in the subunit association and catalytic action of the 630 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus main protease Two adjacent mutations on the dimer interface of SARS coronavirus 3C-like 634 protease cause different conformational changes in crystal structure Structure of M(pro) from SARS-CoV-2 and discovery of its 640 inhibitors Integration, scaling, space-group assignment and post-refinement.
    keywords: compounds; coronavirus; covalent; data; design; fragments; hits; inhibitors; protease; protein; sars; structure
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        item: #4730 of 5187
          id: cord-346555-3hrbea6d
      author: Hu, Xiumei
       title: Heat inactivation of serum interferes with the immunoanalysis of antibodies to SARS‐CoV‐2
        date: 2020-06-28
       words: 1187
      flesch: 40
     summary: Influenza Other Respir Viruses Heat sensitivity of a SARS-associated coronavirus introduced into plasma products Inactivation of SARS coronavirus by means of povidone-iodine, physical conditions and chemical reagents Stability and inactivation of SARS coronavirus SARS research team, stability of SARS coronavirus in human specimens and environment and its sensitivity to heating and UV irradiation Coronavirus disease 2019: coronaviruses and blood safety Antibody structure, instability, and formulation Effect of heat treatment on the antigen-binding activity of anti-peroxidase immunoglobulins in bovine colostrum IgM and lactoferrin contents of human milk during early lactation and the effect of processing and storage Effects of pulsed electric fields and heat treatment on stability and secondary structure of bovine immunoglobulin G Kinetic and thermodynamic parameters for heat denaturation of bovine milk IgG, IgA and IgM Heat denaturation of the antibody, a multi-domain protein The effect of heat inactivation of serum on aggregation of immunoglobulins Structureimmunogenicity relationships of therapeutic proteins Heat inactivation of serum interferes with the immunoanalysis of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 key: cord-346555-3hrbea6d authors: Hu, Xiumei; An, Taixue; Situ, Bo; Hu, Yuhai; Ou, Zihao; Li, Qiang; He, Xiaojing; Zhang, Ye; Tian, Peifu; Sun, Dehua; Rui, Yongyu; Wang, Qian; Ding, Dan; Zheng, Lei title: Heat inactivation of serum interferes with the immunoanalysis of antibodies to SARS‐CoV‐2 date: 2020-06-28 journal: J Clin Lab Anal DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23411 sha: doc_id: 346555 cord_uid: 3hrbea6d BACKGROUND: The detection of serum antibodies to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) is emerging as a new tool for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) diagnosis.
    keywords: coronavirus; heat; inactivation; sars
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        item: #4731 of 5187
          id: cord-346658-ij5sr88p
      author: Hilgenfeld, Rolf
       title: Sometimes Intermediates Do the Job!
        date: 2006-04-07
       words: 1198
      flesch: 57
     summary: When it surfaced that this compound is not efficient against the virus, at least not at nontoxic concentrations, HIV proteinase inhibitors were tested preclinically. Since the discovery of HIV-1 proteinase in the mid-1980s, this enzyme probably has become the bestcharacterized peptidase, with several hundreds of crystal structures of inhibitor complexes determined to date.
    keywords: inhibitors; proteinase; sars
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        item: #4732 of 5187
          id: cord-346669-7n75m669
      author: Wang, Shixin
       title: Roles of TNF-α gene polymorphisms in the occurrence and progress of SARS-Cov infection: A case-control study
        date: 2008-02-29
       words: 3816
      flesch: 45
     summary: Cured SARS patients with interstitial lung fibrosis were diagnosed by respiratory experts according to CT results following the standard proposal for therapy and diagnosis of SARS patients issued by Chinese Ministry of Health in 2004 After discharging from hospital, interstitial lung fibrosis was observed in SARS patients.
    keywords: fibrosis; gene; head; lung; necrosis; patients; polymorphisms; sars; tnf
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        item: #4733 of 5187
          id: cord-346670-34wfy52f
      author: Gobeil, Sophie M-C.
       title: D614G mutation alters SARS-CoV-2 spike conformational dynamics and protease cleavage susceptibility at the S1/S2 junction
        date: 2020-10-12
       words: 7110
      flesch: 45
     summary: The D614G mutation alters S protein conformational dynamics. We observed an increased proportion of the 3-RBD-down S compared to the uncleaved D614G S ectodomain, thus reporting a change in the RBD conformational dynamics upon furin cleavage.
    keywords: cleavage; cov-2; d614; d614 g; ectodomain; et al; figure; furin; gsas; rbd; sars; spike
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        item: #4734 of 5187
          id: cord-346677-20ky3t6y
      author: Sun, Pengfei
       title: Clinical characteristics of hospitalized patients with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection: A single arm meta‐analysis
        date: 2020-03-11
       words: 1654
      flesch: 45
     summary: Viral infection increases the risk of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a meta-analysis Follow-up study on pulmonary function and lung radiographic changes in rehabilitating severe acute respiratory syndrome patients after discharge Impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) on pulmonary function, functional capacity and quality of life in a cohort of survivors Single-cell RNA expression profiling of ACE2, the putative receptor of Wuhan 2019-nCov First case of 2019 novel coronavirus in the United States Immuno-modulation and anti-inflammatory benefits of antibiotics: the example of tilmicosin Azithromycin reduces pulmonary fibrosis in a bleomycin mouse model Arsenic trioxide inhibits transforming growth factor-β1-induced fibroblast to myofibroblast differentiation in vitro and bleomycin induced lung fibrosis in vivo Research progress of two new antifibrotic drugs for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis Clinical characteristics of hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection: A single arm meta-analysis The authors declare that there are no conflict of interests. key: cord-346677-20ky3t6y authors: Sun, Pengfei; Qie, Shuyan; Liu, Zongjian; Ren, Jizhen; Li, Kun; Xi, Jianing title: Clinical characteristics of hospitalized patients with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection: A single arm meta‐analysis date: 2020-03-11 journal: J Med Virol DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25735 sha: doc_id: 346677 cord_uid: 20ky3t6y OBJECTIVE:
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; infection; patients; sars
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        item: #4735 of 5187
          id: cord-346711-2k736hvr
      author: Shetty, Rohit
       title: Stem cell therapy in COVID-19 – current evidence and future potential
        date: 2020-11-09
       words: 3237
      flesch: 18
     summary: Premises for the Therapeutic Use Mesenchymal Stem Cells Secretome as a prospective therapeutic option for COVID-19 patients The in vitro migration capacity of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells: comparison of chemokine and growth factor chemotactic activities Mesenchymal stem cells display coordinated rolling and adhesion behavior on endothelial cells Mesenchymal stem cell adhesion to cardiac microvascular 31 endothelium: activators and mechanisms How mesenchymal stem cells interact with tissue immune responses Mechanisms involved in the therapeutic properties of mesenchymal stem cells Crosstalk between mesenchymal stem cells and macrophages in inflammatory bowel disease and associated colorectal cancer Anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in experimental traumatic brain injury Treatment of severe acute graft-versus-host disease with third party haploidentical mesenchymal stem cells Mesenchymal stem cells in a transgenic mouse model of multiple system atrophy: immunomodulation and neuroprotection Regulators of endothelial and epithelial barrier integrity and function in acute lung injury Therapeutic Effects of Human Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Acute Lung Injury Mice Anti-inflammatory effects of mesenchymal stem cells: novel concept for future therapies Mesenchymal stem cells 32 improves survival in LPS-induced acute lung injury acting through inhibition of NETs formation Mesenchymal stromal cells improve survival during sepsis in the absence of heme oxygenase-1: the importance of neutrophils Mesenchymal stem cells reduce inflammation while enhancing bacterial clearance and improving survival in sepsis Analysis of 4628 cases in the genetic counselling clinic of PUMC Hospital, Proceedings of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and the Peking Union Medical College = Chung-kuo i hsueh k'o hsueh yuan Regulatory T cells in the control of host-microorganism interactions (*) Network analysis of transcriptional responses induced by mesenchymal stem cell treatment of experimental sepsis Mitochondrial transfer from bone-marrow-derived stromal cells to pulmonary alveoli protects against acute lung injury Mitochondrial Transfer via Tunneling Nanotubes is an Important Mechanism by Which Mesenchymal Stem Cells Enhance Macrophage Phagocytosis in the In Vitro and In Vivo Models of ARDS Keratinocyte growth factor increases transalveolar sodium reabsorption in normal and injured rat lungs Keratinocyte growth factor promotes epithelial survival and resolution in a human model of lung injury Platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta identifies mesenchymal stem cells with enhanced engraftment to tissue injury and pro-angiogenic property Prevention of LPSinduced acute lung injury in mice by mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing angiopoietin 1 Mesenchymal Stem Cells Overexpressing Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Rescue Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Lung Injury CXCR4 receptor overexpression in mesenchymal stem cells facilitates treatment of acute lung injury in rats Hepatocyte growth factor gene-modified mesenchymal stem cells reduce radiationinduced lung injury Therapeutic Implications of Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Attenuating Influenza A(H5N1) Virus-Associated Acute Lung Injury Intrinsic Immunity Shapes Viral Resistance of Stem Cells Distinct patterns of IFITM-mediated restriction of filoviruses, SARS coronavirus, and influenza A virus IFITM-Family Proteins: The Cell's First Line of Antiviral Defense SARS-CoV-2 Receptor ACE2 Is an Interferon Stimulated Gene in Human Airway Epithelial Cells and Is Detected in Specific Cell Subsets across Tissues Angiotensin converting enzyme-2 is protective but downregulated in human and experimental lung fibrosis MSCs modified with ACE2 restore endothelial function following LPS challenge by inhibiting the activation of RAS Loss of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 leads to impaired glucose homeostasis in mice Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 activity in patients with chronic kidney disease, Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association Upregulation of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 by all-trans retinoic acid in spontaneously hypertensive rats The authors would like to thank Dr K Bhujang Shetty and Dr P Narendra for providing the necessary logistics for this review. Researchers have explored the role of stem cells to suppress the ARDS during the cytokine storm, since mesenchymal stem cells are known to have an immunomodulatory role.
    keywords: acute; cells; covid-19; infection; injury; mesenchymal; patients; sars; stem; therapy; treatment
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        item: #4736 of 5187
          id: cord-346758-pi1hf6xg
      author: Egerup, P.
       title: Impact of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies at delivery in women, partners and newborns
        date: 2020-09-15
       words: 3807
      flesch: 49
     summary: Two additional studies have reported a higher frequency of cesarean delivery of 59% and 93%, respectively, in symptomatic COVID-19 positive women. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.14.20191106 doi: medRxiv preprint A recently published study of 675 parturient women from New York City found a significantly higher frequency of cesarean delivery of 46.7% in symptomatic COVID-19 women as opposed to 45.5% in asymptomatic COVID-19 women and 30.9% in women without COVID-19.
    keywords: antibodies; cov-2; medrxiv; preprint; sars; study; women
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        item: #4737 of 5187
          id: cord-346763-xdfl659q
      author: Herman, A.
       title: Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms syndrome in a patient with COVID‐19
        date: 2020-08-13
       words: 1322
      flesch: 38
     summary: key: cord-346763-xdfl659q authors: Herman, A.; Matthews, M.; Mairlot, M.; Nobile, L.; Fameree, L.; Jacquet, L.‐M.; Baeck, M. title: Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms syndrome in a patient with COVID‐19 date: 2020-08-13 journal: J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16838 sha: doc_id: 346763 cord_uid: xdfl659q Skin rashes associated with COVID-19 include eruptions induced by drugs prescribed for management of this infection. We report a case of drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome in a patient with COVID-19.
    keywords: days; dress; drug; syndrome
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        item: #4738 of 5187
          id: cord-346787-uo8k6qic
      author: Jorgensen, Sarah CJ
       title: Remdesivir: Review of pharmacology, pre‐clinical data and emerging clinical experience for COVID‐19
        date: 2020-05-23
       words: 5492
      flesch: 46
     summary: There are no exclusion criteria related to drug-drug interactions in current remdesivir clinical studies (Table 3) . These reactions tend to be idiosyncratic and uncommon whereas transaminase elevations are consistently observed in a minority of remdesivir treated patients.
    keywords: clinical; cov-2; covid-19; data; days; disease; drug; patients; remdesivir; sars; studies; study
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        item: #4739 of 5187
          id: cord-346816-xys0g8b8
      author: Shichijo, S.
       title: Assessment of synthetic peptides of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus recognized by long‐lasting immunity
        date: 2004-10-20
       words: 1147
      flesch: 38
     summary: Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Characterization of a novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Assessment of immunoreactive synthetic peptides from the structural proteins of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Severe acute respiratory syndrome vaccine development: experiences of vaccination against avian infectious bronchitis coronavirus Effects of a SARS-associated coronavirus vaccine in monkeys Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus Expression of the monoclonal antibody against nucleocapsid antigen of SARS-associated coronavirus in autopsy tissues from SARS patients New multiplexed flow cytometric assay to measure anti-peptide antibody: a novel tool for monitoring immune responses to peptides used for immunization Analysis of false-positive associated with antibody tests for SARS-CoV in SLE patients Antibodies to SARS-like virus hint at repeated infections Dynamic observation IgG and IgM antibodies in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Microbiologic characteristics, serologic responses, and clinical manifestations in severe acute respiratory syndrome Detection of the anti-SARS coronavirus-specific antibody levels in 156 SARS patients Multiplexed quantification of human IgG, IgA, and IgM with the FlowMetrix TM system Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) IgG reactive to CTL-directed epitopes of selfantigens is either lacking or unbalanced in atopic dermatitis patients Assessment of SARS peptides recognized by long-lasting immunity The authors thank Dr Nguyen Le Hang, Ms. Nguyen Thu Ha and Pham Phuong Thuy for supporting the co-ordination and implementation of this research project in Vietnam, and Drs Masamichi Koujiro and Akira Yamada of Kurume University School of Medicine, Asahi-machi, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan, for co-ordinating this research. The method for the preparation of immobilized peptides was the same as the method used for ELISA plate preparation, as described in the legend of Fig. 4 .
    keywords: coronavirus; igg; patients; peptides
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        item: #4740 of 5187
          id: cord-346819-11fkgzaa
      author: Khan, Mohd Imran
       title: Comparative genome analysis of novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) from different geographical locations and the effect of mutations on major target proteins: An in silico insight
        date: 2020-09-03
       words: 4408
      flesch: 48
     summary: In this study, we have made an attempt to investigate the SARS-CoV-2 genome reported from 13 different countries, identification of mutations in major coronavirus proteins of these different SARS-CoV-2 genomes and compared with SARS-CoV. These thirteen complete genome sequences of SARS-CoV-2 showed high identity (>99%) to each other, while they shared 82% identity with SARS-CoV. Here, we performed a very systematic mutational analysis of SARS-CoV-2 genomes from different geographical locations, which enabled us to identify numerous unique features of this viral genome. The species Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus: classifying 2019-nCoV and naming it SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus main proteinase (3CLpro) structure: basis for design of anti-SARS drugs Prediction of the SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV) 3C-like protease (3CL (pro)) structure: virtual screening reveals velpatasvir, ledipasvir, and other drug repurposing candidates Structure of M(pro) from COVID-19 virus and discovery of its inhibitors Structure of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase from COVID-19 virus Structure of SARS coronavirus spike receptor-binding domain complexed with receptor Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding Insight into the effect of inhibitor resistant S130G mutant on physico-chemical properties of SHV type beta-lactamase: a molecular dynamics study Comparative analysis of complete genome sequences of three avian coronaviruses reveals a novel group 3c coronavirus Identification of a novel coronavirus from a beluga whale by using a panviral microarray Coronavirus genomics and bioinformatics analysis COVID-2019: The role of the nsp2 and nsp3 in its pathogenesis The establishment of reference sequence for SARS-CoV-2 and variation analysis Characterization of the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of 2019 novel coronavirus: implication for development of RBD protein as a viral attachment inhibitor and vaccine The spike protein of SARS-CoV-a target for vaccine and therapeutic development Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2: a functional receptor for SARS coronavirus Can one predict protein stability?
    keywords: amino; analysis; coronavirus; cov; genome; mpro; mutation; protein; rna; sars; spike
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        item: #4741 of 5187
          id: cord-346859-r1v6ir8u
      author: Mallett, Sue
       title: At what times during infection is SARS-CoV-2 detectable and no longer detectable using RT-PCR-based tests? A systematic review of individual participant data
        date: 2020-11-04
       words: 5027
      flesch: 46
     summary: For each domain, the percentage of studies by concern for potential risk of bias is shown: low (green), unclear (yellow), and high (red) Details of bias and applicability issues Impact on interpretation of study data In these studies, the reference test usually incorporates RT-PCR (index test). Table 3 provides an overview of the major methodological limitations and their potential impact on study results.
    keywords: cov-2; participants; pcr; sampling; sars; sites; studies; test; virus
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        item: #4742 of 5187
          id: cord-346894-iy35298o
      author: Miranda-Schaeubinger, Monica
       title: A primer for pediatric radiologists on infection control in an era of COVID-19
        date: 2020-07-07
       words: 7277
      flesch: 37
     summary: Standard precautions to minimize the spread of infection within health care facilities from direct contact with contaminations include hand hygiene, use of PPE based on anticipated contact with contaminated material, respiratory hygiene/ cough etiquette, cleaning and disinfection of the environment, and proper handling of patient care equipment and waste [10] . Several studies demonstrated the presence of viral ribonucleic acid (RNA) in 15-53% of stool samples of COVID-19 patients, with persistence of viral RNA in the stool even after respiratory samples became negative.
    keywords: aerosol; care; contact; covid-19; generating; health; infection; patients; ppe; precautions; procedures; protection; radiology; safety; transmission; use
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        item: #4743 of 5187
          id: cord-346930-gl573ip9
      author: Hussain, Azhar
       title: Emerging Pharmaceutical Treatments of Novel COVID-19: A Review
        date: 2020-05-24
       words: 4181
      flesch: 43
     summary: Remdesivir is metabolized into its active form, GS-441524, that obscures viral RNA polymerase and evades proofreading by viral exonuclease, causing a decrease in viral RNA production [31] . With the increased risk of anemia at the doses necessary, ribavirin should not be implicated as the first drug of choice in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; dose; lopinavir; patients; rna; sars; treatment; virus
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        item: #4744 of 5187
          id: cord-346957-bmajkabp
      author: Lv, Yanbo
       title: Identification of a novel conserved HLA-A*0201-restricted epitope from the spike protein of SARS-CoV
        date: 2009-12-03
       words: 4964
      flesch: 53
     summary: In DNA-immunized mice cytotoxicity assays, the target cells were the J(A2/kb) cells loaded with the candidate peptides, the positive control peptide S 411-420 , the irrelevant peptides HBcAg (131) (132) (133) (134) (135) (136) (137) (138) (139) (140) , and J(A2/kb) cells alone. the eight candidate peptides, positive control peptides S 411-420 , or negative control peptides HBcAg (131) (132) (133) (134) (135) (136) (137) (138) (139) (140) .
    keywords: a*0201; binding; candidate; cells; cov; ctl; hla; peptides; protein; sars
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        item: #4745 of 5187
          id: cord-346960-3empldlo
      author: Plebani, M.
       title: Analytical and clinical performances of five immunoassays for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in comparison with neutralization activity
        date: 2020-08-04
       words: 2289
      flesch: 39
     summary: CLSI EP15-A3 Interpreting Diagnostic Tests for SARS-CoV-2 Clinical evaluation of serological IgG antibody response on the Abbott Architect for established SARS-CoV-2 infection Clinical performance of different SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody tests Shortened title: SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody test performance Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoassay results were available for All rights reserved.
    keywords: cov-2; igg; precision; preprint; results; sars
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        item: #4746 of 5187
          id: cord-346978-ubkqny8j
      author: Ranoa, Diana Rose E.
       title: Saliva-Based Molecular Testing for SARS-CoV-2 that Bypasses RNA Extraction
        date: 2020-06-18
       words: 6480
      flesch: 41
     summary: We next sought to evaluate saliva collection buffers as a means to enhance viral RNA stability, but also to increase uniformity between saliva samples and to decrease sample viscosity. 35 Using intact, γ-irradiated SARS-CoV-2 spiked into fresh human saliva, which was then heat treated at 95°C for 30 min, we observed outstanding virus detection when saliva samples were combined with either Tris-Borate-EDTA (TBE) or TE buffer ( Figure 3A) .
    keywords: control; cov-2; detection; ms2; qpcr; saliva; samples; sars
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        item: #4747 of 5187
          id: cord-346987-fbqqf00i
      author: Guo, Yongwen
       title: Controls of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in orthodontic practice
        date: 2020-06-05
       words: 4679
      flesch: 38
     summary: Since there may still be asymptomatic patients or patients in the incubation period after resumption of regular activities and a large number of orthodontic patients from a wide spread distribution in need of orthodontic return-visits, all procedures related to the orthodontic practice should be strictly performed with preventive measures to control the potential transmission of SARS-CoV-2. A study from Jordan found that although most Jordanian dentists were aware of COVID-19 symptoms, mode of transmission, infection control and measures in dental clinic, they had limited knowledge of the extra precautionary measures that are essential to protect the dental staffs and other patients from SARS-CoV-2 infection.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; infection; patients; practice; sars; transmission; use
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        item: #4748 of 5187
          id: cord-346998-01i6zxv8
      author: Kulkarni, Spoorthy
       title: COVID-19 and hypertension
        date: 2020-05-20
       words: 2586
      flesch: 41
     summary: Epub ahead of print 27 Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus A novel angiotensin-converting enzyme-related carboxypeptidase (ACE2) converts angiotensin I to angiotensin 1-9 SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor Cardiac angiotensin-(1-12) expression and systemic hypertension in rats expressing the human angiotensinogen gene ACE2 receptor expression and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection depend on differentiation of human airway epithelia Clinical and biochemical indexes from 2019-nCoV infected patients linked to viral loads and lung injury Angiotensinconverting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as a SARS-CoV-2 receptor: molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic target A pilot clinical trial of recombinant human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in acute respiratory distress syndrome Acute respiratory distress syndrome leads to reduced ratio of ACE/ ACE2 activities and is prevented by angiotensin-(1-7) or an angiotensin II receptor antagonist Angiotensin receptor blockers as tentative SARS-CoV-2 therapeutics Elevated plasma angiotensin converting enzyme 2 activity is an independent predictor of major adverse cardiac events in patients with obstructive coronary artery disease Genetic Ace2 deficiency accentuates vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis in the ApoE knockout mouse Genetic predisposition to acute respiratory distress syndrome in patients with severe sepsis Association between insertion/deletion polymorphism in angiotensin-converting enzyme gene and acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome: a meta-analysis Effect of angiotensin converting enzyme gene I/D polymorphism and its expression on clinical outcome in acute respiratory distress syndrome Angiotensin-converting enzyme I/D polymorphism and acute respiratory distress syndrome Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors improve the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients with hypertension Treatment with ACE-inhibitors is associated with less severe disease with SARS-Covid-19 infection in a multi-site UK acute Hospital Trust. 8 The controversy regarding continuing or discontinuing angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) in COVID-19 patients arose after it became apparent that SARS-CoV uses angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) to gain entry in host cells.
    keywords: ace2; angiotensin; covid-19; hypertension; patients; receptor; sars
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        item: #4749 of 5187
          id: cord-347030-yx3j6373
      author: Cao, Xuetao
       title: COVID-19: immunopathology and its implications for therapy
        date: 2020-04-09
       words: 1525
      flesch: 30
     summary: Convalescent plasma containing neutralizing antibodies has been used to treat a small number of patients with severe disease, and preliminary results show clinical improvement in 5 of 5 critically ill patients with COVID-19 who developed ARDS 8 . However, two studies, based on the analysis of 222 and 173 patients with COVID-19, respectively, reported that patients with severe disease frequently had an increased IgG response and a higher titre of total antibodies, which was associated with worse outcome 5, 9 .
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; patients; sars
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        item: #4750 of 5187
          id: cord-347048-qqft4yc9
      author: Araten, David J.
       title: Mild Clinical Course of COVID-19 in 3 Patients Receiving Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies Targeting C5 Complement for Hematologic Disorders
        date: 2020-09-12
       words: 2176
      flesch: 50
     summary: The mild cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection in these 3 patients may have been related to anti-complement therapy, as suggested by preclinical models and reports of other patients who have received anti-complement therapy for COVID-19. This raises the question of whether patients on anti-complement therapy could be protected from COVID-19.
    keywords: complement; covid-19; eculizumab; patients; sars; year
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        item: #4751 of 5187
          id: cord-347079-1zbsbcdd
      author: Silverman, Justin D.
       title: Using influenza surveillance networks to estimate state-specific prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in the United States
        date: 2020-06-22
       words: 6244
      flesch: 43
     summary: If non-ILI patients were less likely to seek medical care, then we would expect that the number of patients complaining of other symptoms not typically associated with COVID-19 (for example vomiting) would also decrease compared to prior years. Studies of outpatient ILI have repeatedly demonstrated that confirmed influenza case rates underestimate disease burden, likely due to preferential testing of more severe cases [8, 14, 9, 13 ] .
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; ili; influenza; march; patients; rate; sars; surge
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        item: #4752 of 5187
          id: cord-347090-sqw7n1v2
      author: Rodriguez-Gonzalez, Moises
       title: New onset severe right ventricular failure associated with COVID-19 in a young infant without previous heart disease
        date: 2020-06-16
       words: 1823
      flesch: 36
     summary: 9 Based on our findings, the screening of myocardial dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension through cardiac biomarkers or echocardiography could be beneficial in severe COVID-19 paediatric cases, even if they do not fulfil case definition criteria for multisystem inflammatory syndrome. key: cord-347090-sqw7n1v2 authors: Rodriguez-Gonzalez, Moises; Rodríguez-Campoy, Patricia; Sánchez-Códez, Maria; Gutiérrez-Rosa, Irene; Castellano-Martinez, Ana; Rodríguez-Benítez, Amado title: New onset severe right ventricular failure associated with COVID-19 in a young infant without previous heart disease date: 2020-06-16 journal: Cardiology in the young DOI: 10.1017/s1047951120001857 sha: doc_id: 347090 cord_uid: sqw7n1v2 We present our recent experience with a 6-month-old infant with a personal history of short bowel syndrome that presented with fever, cyanosis, and cardiogenic shock secondary to severe pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular failure without pulmonary thromboembolism.
    keywords: children; covid-19; disease; sars; syndrome
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        item: #4753 of 5187
          id: cord-347104-h168kqjn
      author: Ghosh, Ritwik
       title: A case of area postrema variant of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder following SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-11-11
       words: 2611
      flesch: 24
     summary: Annals of the rheumatic diseases Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder associated with dengue virus infection The pathology of an autoimmune astrocytopathy: lessons learned from neuromyelitis optica Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and varicella-zoster infection Acute necrotizing myelitis and acute motor axonal neuropathy in a COVID-19 patient Human molecular chaperones share with SARS-CoV-2 antigenic epitopes potentially capable of eliciting autoimmunity against endothelial cells: possible role of molecular mimicry in COVID-19 HIV infection associated neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: Clinical features, imaging findings, management and outcomes Acute transverse myelitis after COVID-19 pneumonia A case report and MRI findings Molecular mimicry may explain multi-organ damage in COVID-19 Neurological injuries in COVID-19 patients: direct viral invasion or a bystander injury after infection of epithelial/endothelial cells Potential neuroinvasive pathways of SARS-CoV-2: Deciphering the J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f Journal Pre-proof spectrum of neurological deficit seen in coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) Does SARS-CoV-2 Trigger Stress-InducedAutoimmunity by Molecular Mimicry?
    keywords: acute; covid-19; infection; myelitis; optica; sars
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        item: #4754 of 5187
          id: cord-347119-w780f0om
      author: Blitz, Matthew J.
       title: Race/ethnicity and spatiotemporal trends in SARS-CoV-2 prevalence on obstetrical units in New York
        date: 2020-08-17
       words: 927
      flesch: 38
     summary: Multiple logistic 30 regression analysis was used to model the binary outcome of having a PCR positive or 31 negative result, using time (study week), race/ethnicity, hospital site, and their 32 interactions as predictors. The Cochran-Armitage trend test was 29 used to evaluate the significance of trends in test positivity over time.
    keywords: cov-2; sars; week
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        item: #4755 of 5187
          id: cord-347121-5drl3xas
      author: Farah, I.
       title: A global omics data sharing and analytics marketplace: Case study of a rapid data COVID-19 pandemic response platform.
        date: 2020-09-29
       words: 16890
      flesch: 43
     summary: Third, using the platform as a repository for research data during a peer-review publication process. Publishing research data to an open platform with audit features and data provenance increases the chance of reproducibility and to have reliable assurances for the integrity of the raw data.
    keywords: access; analysis; covid-19; data; data sharing; datasets; disease; healthcare; information; license; medrxiv; need; new; pandemic; patient; peer; pipelines; platform; preprint; public; research; researchers; review; share; sharing; shivom; user
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        item: #4756 of 5187
          id: cord-347128-6lyoz8nn
      author: Kim, Cheorl-Ho
       title: SARS-CoV-2 Evolutionary Adaptation toward Host Entry and Recognition of Receptor O-Acetyl Sialylation in Virus–Host Interaction
        date: 2020-06-26
       words: 15614
      flesch: 50
     summary: CoV 3CLpro (PDB: 6WX4) and the PLpro cleave the polyproteins to assemble virus proteins. The CTD of S1 recognizes protein receptors via RBDs.
    keywords: ace2; acetyl; acid; attachment; binding; cells; clq; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; covs; entry; glycoprotein; host; human; infection; influenza; membrane; mers; protein; receptor; sars; sas; tmprss2; viral; virus; viruses
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        item: #4757 of 5187
          id: cord-347208-leo0x10l
      author: Zhou, Y.
       title: Prolonged SARS-CoV-2 Viral Shedding in Patients with COVID-19 was Associated with Delayed Initiation of Arbidol Treatment: a retrospective cohort study
        date: 2020-06-10
       words: 3431
      flesch: 51
     summary: Compered to prolonged viral shedding group, more patients received arbidol combination with interferon treatment (p=.001) in patients with virus shedding <23 days (Table 1) . Additionally, prolonged SARS-CoV-2 RNA shedding was independently associated with delayed medical visitation and correlated with the illness onset day (before or after 31, Jan).
    keywords: days; medrxiv; preprint; sars; shedding
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        item: #4758 of 5187
          id: cord-347221-g98q9cga
      author: Piyush, Ravikant
       title: Nucleic acid-based therapy for coronavirus disease 2019
        date: 2020-09-19
       words: 4221
      flesch: 43
     summary: The potential risk of infection and insertion induced mutagenesis are minimized by mRNA based vaccines due to its natural degradation in cells [167] . Front Immunol Immune response in severe infection: could life-saving drugs be potentially harmful? New Vaccine Technologies to Combat Outbreak Situations A comparison of plasmid DNA and mrna as vaccine technologies RNA: the new revolution in nucleic acid vaccines.
    keywords: acid; cov-2; covid-19; development; dna; mrna; nucleic; protein; sars; vaccine; virus
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        item: #4759 of 5187
          id: cord-347225-gh51ag2x
      author: Fu, Weihui
       title: A clinical pilot study on the safety and efficacy of aerosol inhalation treatment of IFN-κ plus TFF2 in patients with moderate COVID-19
        date: 2020-07-29
       words: 4926
      flesch: 42
     summary: The prognosis of COVID-19 patients has been associated with the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the peripheral blood [27] , IL-6 receptor blocking antibodies, Tocilizumab therapy have been applied to counteract the cytokine storm in severe COVID-19 patients [29] . Up to date, the therapeutic efficacy of HCQ in COVID-19 patients remains controversial [9, 10] , clinical trials to test the efficacy of hydroxychloroquine are ongoing.
    keywords: control; covid-19; days; group; ifn; patients; study; tff2; treatment; trial
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        item: #4760 of 5187
          id: cord-347262-q88g1561
      author: Schutzer‐Weissmann, J.
       title: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection risk during elective peri‐operative care: a narrative review
        date: 2020-07-11
       words: 4759
      flesch: 31
     summary: Chung-Hua Liu Hsing Ping Hsueh Risk factors for SARS transmission from patients requiring intubation: A multicentre investigation in Toronto Transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome during intubation and mechanical ventilation SARS among Critical Care Nurses Illness in intensive care staff after brief exposure to severe acute respiratory syndrome Assessing the evidence base for medical procedures which create a higher risk of respiratory infection transmission from patient to healthcare worker COVID-19 and risks posed to personnel during endotracheal intubation Exposure to a surrogate measure of contamination from simulated patients by Emergency Department personnel wearing Personal Protective Equipment Toward understanding the risk of secondary airborne infection: emission of respirable pathogens Evaluation of bioaerosol exposures during hospital bronchoscopy examinations Droplet fate in indoor environments, or can we prevent the spread of infection? Exhaled droplets due to talking and coughing Size distribution and sites of origin of droplets expelled from the human respiratory tract during expiratory activities Airborne transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 to healthcare workers: a narrative review Turbulent Gas Clouds and Respiratory Pathogen Emissions: The studies upon which the WHO list of aerosol-generating procedures is based do not provide any direct evidence that tracheal intubation itself increases the risk of SARS transmission.
    keywords: aerosol; cov-2; covid-19; healthcare; infection; intubation; risk; sars; tracheal; transmission; workers
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        item: #4761 of 5187
          id: cord-347263-ci6mv72z
      author: Berekashvili, k.
       title: Etiologic Subtypes of Ischemic Stroke in SARS-COV-2 Virus patients
        date: 2020-05-08
       words: 2974
      flesch: 51
     summary: The median age of large vessel stroke patients was 46 years, the youngest being in the twenties. Methods: Over the last 6 weeks, data from four centers in New York City were collected to review the possible ischemic stroke types seen in COVID-19 positive patients.
    keywords: author; covid-19; medrxiv; patients; preprint; review
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        item: #4762 of 5187
          id: cord-347289-3yi5tz04
      author: Poon, L. . C.
       title: ISUOG Interim Guidance on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) during pregnancy and puerperium: information for healthcare professionals – an update
        date: 2020-06-01
       words: 8045
      flesch: 35
     summary: Although not yet validated in COVID-19 pregnant patients, a modified early obstetric warning score (MEOWS) can be used to enable early recognition of critical illness 50, 51 . Miscarried embryos/fetuses and placentae of COVID-19 pregnant women should be treated as infectious tissues and should be disposed of appropriately.
    keywords: care; cases; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; delivery; disease; infection; obstetric; patients; pregnancy; pregnant; risk; sars; transmission; women
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        item: #4763 of 5187
          id: cord-347308-l19snjyf
      author: García-Howard, Marcos
       title: Case Report: Benign Infantile Seizures Temporally Associated With COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-06
       words: 3102
      flesch: 41
     summary: Moreover, COVID-19 may present in infants as non-febrile seizures, triggering early onset seizures in infants with a genetic predisposition. Moreover, COVID-19 may present in infants as non-febrile seizures, triggering early onset seizures in infants with a genetic predisposition.
    keywords: case; children; coronavirus; covid-19; infections; sars; seizures
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        item: #4764 of 5187
          id: cord-347351-emdj66vj
      author: Kampf, Günter
       title: Potential sources, modes of transmission and effectiveness of prevention measures against SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-09-18
       words: 10293
      flesch: 41
     summary: [Chinese journal of preventive medicine Indirect Virus Transmission in Cluster of COVID-19 Cases Familial cluster of COVID-19 infection from an asymptomatic Potential Presymptomatic Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Asymptomatic and Human-to-Human Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in a 2-Family Cluster Presumed Asymptomatic Carrier Transmission of COVID-19 The epidemiological characteristics of an outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) Covid-19: four fifths of cases are asymptomatic, China figures indicate COVID-19 transmission through asymptomatic carriers is a challenge to containment. Table III summarizes the frequency and magnitude of SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA loads in respiratory tract samples obtained from COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: air; asymptomatic; cases; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; detection; disease; infection; patients; respiratory; rna; samples; sars; study; surfaces; transmission
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        item: #4765 of 5187
          id: cord-347356-uc9dqhyq
      author: Cooper, TJ
       title: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) outcomes in HIV/AIDS patients: a systematic review
        date: 2020-07-15
       words: 3953
      flesch: 51
     summary: We define controlled HIV infection as an undetectable viral load and a CD4 count ≥ 200 cells/lL. A comprehensive literature search was carried out in Global Health, SCOPUS, Medline and EMBASE to identify articles that discussed HIV-positive patients and the clinical implications of HIV infection in COVID-19 in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines [13] . Event background COVID-19 COVID-19 and Multiorgan Response Covid-19: risk factors for severe disease and death Risk factors of critical & mortal COVID-19 cases: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis Rethinking high-risk groups in COVID-19 Undetectable = untransmittable and your health: the personal benefits of early and continuous therapy for HIV infection Global statistics Partners of people on ART -a new evaluation of the risks (The PARTNER Study): design and methods multicentre, prospective, observational study ART in HIV-positive persons with low pretreatment viremia: results from the START trial SARS-CoV-2 and HIV Interim guidance for COVID-19 and persons with HIV COVID-19 and persons with HIV Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement Study Quality Assessment Tools Encephalopathy and seizure activity in a COVID-19 well controlled HIV patient The reflection on an AIDS patient with asymptomatic COVID-19 -abstract -Europe PMC COVID-19 in patients with HIV: clinical case series COVID-19 in people living with human immunodeficiency virus: a case series of 33 patients Early Virus Clearance and Delayed Antibody Response in a Case of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) With a History of Coinfection With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 and Hepatitis C Virus Outcomes among HIV-positive patients hospitalized with COVID-19 HIV-associated pneumocystis pneumonia Case report: one case of coronavirus desease 2019(COVID-19) in patient co-Nfected by HIV with a low CD4+ T cell count Community-acquired bacterial pneumonia in adult HIVinfected patients Global strategies to prevent bacterial pneumonia in adults with HIV disease Severe bacterial nonaids infections in HIV-positive persons: incidence rates and risk factors Bacterial pneumonia, HIV therapy, and disease progression among HIV-infected women in the HIV epidemiologic research (HER) study Mortality and causes of death in people diagnosed with HIV in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy compared with the general population: an analysis of a national observational cohort COVID-19) and HIV -update from the British HIV Association (BHIVA)
    keywords: covid-19; hiv; infection; outcomes; patients; plhiv; risk; sars
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        item: #4766 of 5187
          id: cord-347366-0gier0lu
      author: Gurwitz, David
       title: Angiotensin receptor blockers as tentative SARS‐CoV‐2 therapeutics
        date: 2020-03-04
       words: 1919
      flesch: 30
     summary: Hence, the suggestion to treat SARS patients with AT1R antagonists for increasing their ACE2 expression seems counterintuitive. At time of writing this commentary, no comprehensive information is available on hypotension rates among hospitalized SARS-CoV-2 patients; it is thus premature to estimate what percentage of SARS patients of the currently ongoing epidemic can be safely treated with AT1R blockers without risking exacerbated hypotension.
    keywords: ace2; angiotensin; receptor; sars
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        item: #4767 of 5187
          id: cord-347374-mryazbnq
      author: Okba, Nisreen M.A.
       title: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2−Specific Antibody Responses in Coronavirus Disease Patients
        date: 2020-07-17
       words: 3582
      flesch: 42
     summary: For each dilution step (in duplicate), we diluted patient serum samples in 200 µL of OptiPro serum-free medium (https://www. thermofisher.com) and mixed 1:1 with 200 µL of virus solution containing 100 PFUs. Using serum samples from patients with PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections, other coronaviruses, or other respiratory pathogenic infections, we validated and tested various antigens in different in-house and commercial ELISAs.
    keywords: antibodies; cov; cov-2; patients; samples; sars; serum
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        item: #4768 of 5187
          id: cord-347428-2isuaiyx
      author: Schulz-Stübner, Sebastian
       title: Hygiene in der Anästhesie in Zeiten der SARS-CoV-2-Pandemie
        date: 2020-07-31
       words: 1439
      flesch: 39
     summary: Eine Erregerübertragung schon während der Inkubationszeit ist möglich, und auch asymptomatische Verläufe sind wahrscheinlich, was die Beurteilung von Krankheitszahlen und die Berechnung der Relationen von schweren Fällen und Todesfällen erschwert. Pandemic: Recommendations from Society for Neuroscience in Anesthesiology & Critical Care (SNACC) Infektionsprävention bei der Narkosebeatmung durch Einsatz von Atemfiltern (Gemeinsame Empfehlung der DGAI und DGKH)
    keywords: bei; care; covid-19; das; dem; der; die; eine; mit; nach; sars; und; von
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        item: #4769 of 5187
          id: cord-347441-8ow952d8
      author: Parvez, Md Sorwer Alam
       title: Genetic analysis of SARS-CoV-2 isolates collected from Bangladesh: insights into the origin, mutation spectrum, and possible pathomechanism
        date: 2020-06-07
       words: 1027
      flesch: 52
     summary: Most of the missense mutations in Bangladeshi isolates found to have weak effects on the pathogenesis. For three spike protein models, this study found that a domain of spike protein instead of whole protein, 130 amino acid ranging from 345 to 527, was involved in the interactions.
    keywords: analysis; isolates; sars
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        item: #4770 of 5187
          id: cord-347458-za7cot2n
      author: Ruan, Qiurong
       title: Clinical predictors of mortality due to COVID-19 based on an analysis of data of 150 patients from Wuhan, China
        date: 2020-03-03
       words: 917
      flesch: 54
     summary: To effectively prioritize resources for patients with the highest risk, we identified clinical predictors of mild and severe patient outcomes. Patients met the discharge criteria if they had no fever for at least 3 days, significantly improved respiratory function, and had negative SARS-CoV-2 laboratory test results twice in succession.
    keywords: data; group; patients
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        item: #4771 of 5187
          id: cord-347460-9vechh4x
      author: Chang, Feng-Yee
       title: Immunologic aspects of characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
        date: 2020-06-04
       words: 8058
      flesch: 38
     summary: Effect of interferon alpha and cyclosporine treatment separately and in combination on Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) replication in a human in-vitro and ex-vivo culture model Potent binding of 2019 novel coronavirus spike protein by a SARS coronavirus-specific human monoclonal antibody Potent neutralization of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus by a human mAb to S1 protein that blocks receptor association Human monoclonal antibody combination against SARS coronavirus: synergy and coverage of escape mutants Experience of using convalescent plasma for severe acute respiratory syndrome among healthcare workers in a Taiwan hospital Convalescent plasma as a potential therapy for COVID-19 Immune evasion of porcine enteric coronaviruses and viral modulation of antiviral innate signaling Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirusencoded ORF8b strongly antagonizes IFN-beta promoter activation: its implication for vaccine design Induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1 and IL-6) and lung inflammation by Coronavirus-19 (COVI-19 or SARS-CoV-2): anti-inflammatory strategies Lianhuaqingwen exerts anti-viral and antiinflammatory activity against novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) It is interesting to note that higher levels of IL-1, IL-12, IFN-gamma, IL-8, and CXCL9, in addition to the cytokines and chemokines mentioned above, were also observed in SARS patients with severe diseases.
    keywords: antibodies; cells; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; covid-19; cytokine; disease; human; infection; mers; patients; protein; sars; syndrome; treatment; vaccine
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        item: #4772 of 5187
          id: cord-347462-yz67t10x
      author: Chan, Tak Yeung
       title: A Comparative Study of Clinical Features and Outcomes in Young and Older Adults with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
        date: 2004-07-19
       words: 3598
      flesch: 51
     summary: The aim was to compare the clinical course of SARS patients aged 60 and younger with that of patients older than 60 admitted to a single institution with a clinical diagnosis of SARS. The former incidence was comparable with findings from several large local studies reporting diarrhea in 11% to 19.6% of SARS patients.
    keywords: acute; cov; patients; pcr; sars; tests
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        item: #4773 of 5187
          id: cord-347472-n6811ens
      author: Rosebrock, Adam P.
       title: Patient DNA cross-reactivity of the CDC SARS-CoV-2 extraction control leads to an inherent potential for false negative results
        date: 2020-05-15
       words: 6274
      flesch: 49
     summary: DNA samples were diluted in nuclease free water supplemented with 0.01% Tween-20, RNA samples were diluted in nuclease-free water. All samples contained genomic DNA and generated extraction control positive signals well above the CDC assay threshold (40 cycles, horizontal dashed line).
    keywords: assay; cdc; control; dna; extraction; probe; qpcr; reverse; rna; samples; signal
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        item: #4774 of 5187
          id: cord-347484-7vn93t58
      author: Zamoto, Aya
       title: Identification of Ferret ACE2 and its Receptor Function for Sars-Coronavirus
        date: 2006
       words: 773
      flesch: 46
     summary: Studies using these cells as well as cells expressing human or mouse ACE2 revealed that feACE2 functions as a SARS-CoV receptor as efficiently as human ACE2, while mouse ACE2 does less et al., who reported that human ACE2 is more efficient than mouse ACE2 in binding to the SARS-CoV S protein. ACE2 gene using Trans Fast Transfection Reagent (Promega).
    keywords: ace2; feace2; sars
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        item: #4775 of 5187
          id: cord-347499-7q47jh14
      author: Burrel, Sonia
       title: Co-infection of SARS-CoV-2 with other respiratory viruses and performance of lower respiratory tract samples for the diagnosis of COVID-19
        date: 2020-10-25
       words: 1356
      flesch: 36
     summary: We performed a study during the early outbreak period of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the seasonal epidemics of other respiratory viral infections in order to describe the extent of co-infections of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) with other respiratory viruses. In conclusion, the detection of other respiratory viruses in patients during epidemic period cannot rule out SARS-CoV-2 co-infection, and LRT samples increases the accuracy of diagnosis of viral respiratory infections, including COVID-19.
    keywords: cov-2; respiratory; sars
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        item: #4776 of 5187
          id: cord-347516-linjv64o
      author: Abdelaziz, Osama S.
       title: Neuropathogenic human coronaviruses: A review
        date: 2020-07-20
       words: 2340
      flesch: 27
     summary: The post-infectious phenomena in HCoV patients exhibiting late onset neurological manifestations seem to be more commonly reported. However, there are reports of neurological findings in HCoV infections, particularly in patients infected with the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) amid Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic.
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; hcov; patients; respiratory; sars
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        item: #4777 of 5187
          id: cord-347548-h5fk64p8
      author: Zarza, José
       title: Evans syndrome associated with antiphospholipid antibodies in a patient with SARS-COV-2 infection
        date: 2020-08-21
       words: 1849
      flesch: 46
     summary: Hematological findings and complications of COVID-19 Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study Abnormal coagulation parameters are associated with poor prognosis in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia Mechanism of thrombocytopenia in COVID-19 patients Disseminated intravascular coagulation in patients with 2019-nCoV pneumonia Thromboprophylaxis and laboratory monitoring for in-hospital Q4 patients with COVID-19 -a key: cord-347548-h5fk64p8 authors: Zarza, José; Von Horoch, Jorge; Aguayo, Nicolás; Báez, Eugenio title: Evans syndrome associated with antiphospholipid antibodies in a patient with SARS-COV-2 infection date: 2020-08-21 journal:
    keywords: antibodies; antiphospholipid; covid-19; infection; patients
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        item: #4778 of 5187
          id: cord-347553-d7q6u7vj
      author: Criado, Paulo Ricardo
       title: Lessons from dermatology about inflammatory responses in Covid‐19
        date: 2020-07-12
       words: 5074
      flesch: 28
     summary: 30 SARS-CoV may enter human cells via two distinct pathways, dependent on the availability of human cell proteases required for virus activation. Airway and parenchyma immune cells in influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viral and non-viral diffuse alveolar damage Comparison of Hospitalized Patients With ARDS Caused by COVID-19 and H1N1 Pathological findings of Covid-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome Saldiva Paulo H. N. Lung Pathology in Fatal Novel Human Influenza A (H1N1) Infection Dynamic changes of lymphocyte counts in adult patients with severe pandemic H1N1 influenza A Zhang Shuyang.
    keywords: ace2; activation; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; immune; livedoid; patients; protein; sars; syndrome; tissue; tmprss2; vasculopathy
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        item: #4779 of 5187
          id: cord-347613-tjeo62dv
      author: da Silva, Priscilla Gomes
       title: Corrigendum to “Viral, host and environmental factors that favor anthropozoonotic spillover of coronaviruses: An opinionated review, focusing on SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2”[Sci. Total Environ. 750 (2021) 141483]
        date: 2020-09-10
       words: 447
      flesch: 53
     summary: This and other bat-coronaviruses share 88-92% nucleotide sequence homology with SARS-CoV-1 (Ye et al., 2020) , leading scientists to believe that SARS-CoV was transmitted directly to humans from wet market civets, with bats as the main reservoir hosts (Cui et al., 2019; In this study, HeLa cells that expressed or did not express ACE2 proteins from humans, Chinese horseshoe bats, civets, pigs and mice were used, and it was found that SARS-CoV-2 is able to use all ACE2 proteins (except for mouse ACE2) as an entry receptor to enter ACE2-expressing cells, but it could not enter cells that did not express ACE2, indicating that ACE2 is probably the cell receptor through which SARS-CoV-2 enters cells (Zhou et al., 2020) .
    keywords: bat; sars
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        item: #4780 of 5187
          id: cord-347706-r0rs3ls1
      author: Roberts, Anjeanette
       title: Animal Models for Sars
        date: 2006
       words: 3018
      flesch: 32
     summary: Prior infection and passive transfer of neutralizing antibody prevent replication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in the respiratory tract of mice Mice susceptible to SARS coronavirus Mechanisms of host defense following severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) pulmonary infection of mice Resolution of primary severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus infection requires Stat1 Aged BALB/c mice as a model for increased severity of severe acute respiratory syndrome in elderly humans Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein expressed by attenuated vaccinia virus protectively immunizes mice Neutralizing antibody and protective immunity to SARS coronavirus infection of mice induced by a soluble recombinant polypeptide containing an Nterminal segment of the spike glycoprotein Rapid and efficient isolation of human monoclonal antibodies neutralizing SARS coronavirus from human memory B cells A DNA vaccine induces SARS coronavirus neutralization and protective immunity in mice Evaluation of human monoclonal antibody 80R for immunoprophylaxis of severe acute respiratory syndrome by an animal study, epitope mapping, and analysis of spike variants Development and characterization of a severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus-neutralizing human monoclonal antibody that provides effective immunoprophylaxis in mice Long-term protection from SARS coronavirus infection conferred by a single immunization with an attenuated VSV-based Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection of golden Syrian hamsters SARS virus infection of cats and ferrets Human monoclonal antibody as prophylaxis for SARS coronavirus infection in ferrets Virology: SARS virus infection of cats and ferrets Syndrome-associated coronavirus-neutralizing human monoclonal antibody reduces disease severity and virus burden in golden syrian hamsters Civets are equally susceptible to experimental infection by two different severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus isolates Isolation and characterization of viruses related to the SARS coronavirus from animals in Southern China Macaque model for severe acute respiratory syndrome Replication of SARS coronavirus administered into the respiratory tract of African Green, rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys Aetiology: Koch's postulates fulfilled for SARS virus Newly discovered coronavirus as the primary cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Pegylated interferon-alpha protects type 1 pneumocytes against SARS coronavirus infection in macaques An animal model of SARS produced by infection of Macaca mulatta with SARS coronavirus Pneumonitis and multi-organ system disease in common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) infected with the severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus Although the etiologic agent was rapidly identified to be a previously unknown coronavirus (named SARS coronavirus or SARS-CoV) and the outbreak was controlled by public health measures, no specific options were available for prevention and control of human disease.
    keywords: cov; day; infected; infection; mice; sars; virus
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        item: #4781 of 5187
          id: cord-347714-vxxhglx7
      author: Abitogun, Folagbade
       title: COVID19: Exploring uncommon epitopes for a stable immune response through MHC1 binding
        date: 2020-10-14
       words: 3709
      flesch: 30
     summary: Obtaining these antigenic epitopes using the immune-informatics approach will help inform which epitopes to use in the construct of protein vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 using proteins other than the spike protein. Homology modelling of protein structures and complexes LOMETS2: improved meta-threading server for fold-recognition and structure-based function annotation for distant-homology proteins IntFOLD: An integrated server for modelling protein structures and functions from amino acid sequences The I-TASSER Suite: protein structure and function prediction FALCON:
    keywords: analysis; coronavirus; cov-2; epitopes; hla; proteins; residues; sars; server; structural; vaccine
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        item: #4782 of 5187
          id: cord-347731-eqxn6auk
      author: Garcia‐Cremades, Maria
       title: Optimizing Hydroxychloroquine Dosing for Patients With COVID‐19: An Integrative Modeling Approach for Effective Drug Repurposing
        date: 2020-05-12
       words: 5438
      flesch: 45
     summary: 3, 9, 10 Viral kinetics were estimated from in vitro replication rate of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-1 and unbound drug concentration in plasma and lungs were simulated with HCQ PK model. ARTICLE Viral response to treatment was significantly associated (P < 0.001) to HCQ PK concentrations using a linear effect model ( Figure 1 and Table S1 ).
    keywords: data; drug; hcq; load; model; patients; qtc; treatment; viral; vitro
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        item: #4783 of 5187
          id: cord-347734-0z2kin6r
      author: Armann, J. P.
       title: Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in adolescent students and their teachers in Saxony, Germany (SchoolCoviDD19): very low seropraevalence and transmission rates
        date: 2020-07-17
       words: 2294
      flesch: 42
     summary: Soziales und Gesellschaftlichen Substantial undocumented infection facilitates the rapid dissemination of novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in children A probabilistic transmission dynamic model to assess indoor airborne infection risks School closure during novel influenza: A systematic review The effects of school closures on influenza outbreaks and pandemics: systematic review of simulation studies Evidence compendium and advice on social distancing and other related measures for response to an influenza pandemic Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in Spain (ENE-COVID): a nationwide, population-based seroepidemiological study. All samples with a positive or equivocal LIAISON® test result, as well as all samples from participants with a reported personal or household history of a SARS-CoV-2 infection, were re-tested with two additional serological tests: These were a chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) intended for the qualitative detection of IgG antibodies to the nucleocapsid protein of SARS-CoV-2 (Abbott Diagnostics® ARCHITECT SARS-CoV-2 IgG )
    keywords: cov-2; sars; students; study; teachers
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        item: #4784 of 5187
          id: cord-347767-aq9niccc
      author: Zhao, Jie
       title: Yidu-toxicity blocking lung decoction ameliorates inflammation in severe pneumonia of SARS-COV-2 patients with Yidu-toxicity blocking lung syndrome by eliminating IL-6 and TNF-a
        date: 2020-06-19
       words: 3543
      flesch: 39
     summary: IL-6 is multifunctional cytokine in lungs, is produced from epithelial cells, interstitial fibroblasts, macrophages and other inflammatory cells in response to a variety of stimuli that include allergens, respiratory viruses, exercise, environmental particles, and inhaled toxic particles [23, 29, 30] . As the value of IL6 was not normal J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f distribution, we try to calculate the Lg (IL-6) and Lg (IL-6+1) to convert IL-6 value to normal distribution, and then did Pearson analysis between the converted value and CD4, however the results still do not indicate that there was a significant correlation(P=0.864,P=0.935).The results were different from the pathological findings of COVID-19 patient, which showed that the counts of peripheral CD4 and CD8 T cells were substantially reduced, while their status was hyperactivated, as evidenced by the high proportions of HLA-DR (CD4 3·47%) and CD38 (CD8 39·4%) double-positive fractions.
    keywords: analysis; blocking; group; il-6; lung; patients; toxicity; yidu
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        item: #4785 of 5187
          id: cord-347804-kxhasabe
      author: Luo, Ruibang
       title: Tracking cytosine depletion in SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-10-26
       words: 1086
      flesch: 55
     summary: key: cord-347804-kxhasabe authors: Luo, Ruibang; Wong, Yat-Sing; Lam, Tak-Wah title: Tracking cytosine depletion in SARS-CoV-2 date: 2020-10-26 journal: bioRxiv DOI: 10.1101/2020.10.26.354787 sha: doc_id: 347804 cord_uid: kxhasabe Motivation Danchin et al. have pointed out that cytosine drives the evolution of SARS-CoV-2. However, the percentage of cytosine is higher in SARS (mortality level 4) and MERS (mortality level 5).
    keywords: cov-2; cytosine; sars
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        item: #4786 of 5187
          id: cord-347813-9vfwl7c0
      author: Jackson, M. L.
       title: Low-Impact Social Distancing Interventions to Mitigate Local Epidemics of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-07-02
       words: 3785
      flesch: 42
     summary: May 2020, in the presence of social distancing interventions as actually implemented in King County. Results Individual interventions are not expected to have a large impact on COVID-19 hospitalizations.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; hospital; interventions; model; preprint; sars
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        item: #4787 of 5187
          id: cord-347818-93ixqyfp
      author: Hojyo, Shintaro
       title: How COVID-19 induces cytokine storm with high mortality
        date: 2020-10-01
       words: 4532
      flesch: 33
     summary: Coagulation and inflammation cross-talking Complex immune dysregulation in COVID-19 patients with severe respiratory failure Inhibition of NF-kappaB-mediated inflammation in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-infected mice increases survival Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy -assessment and management of toxicities Randomized trial of tocilizumab in systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis Addition of interleukin-6 inhibition with tocilizumab to standard graftversus-host disease prophylaxis after allogeneic stem-cell transplantation: a phase 1/2 trial Interleukin 6 receptor inhibitor tocilizumab suppresses cytokine expression, inflammasome activation and phagocytosis in a cell model of sepsis Tocilizumab treatment in COVID-19: a single center experience Effective treatment of severe COVID-19 patients with tocilizumab Tocilizumab for the treatment of severe COVID-19 pneumonia with hyperinflammatory syndrome and acute respiratory failure: a single center study of 100 patients in Brescia Sarilumab: a review in moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis Pharmacologic treatments for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a review Baricitinib: the second FDA-approved JAK inhibitor for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis Publisher's Note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations Not applicable. We herein review the pathogenic mechanism and potential therapeutic targets of ARDS in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: ace2; activation; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; cytokine; il-6; patients; sars
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        item: #4788 of 5187
          id: cord-347965-zluu0i41
      author: Essahib, Wafaa
       title: SARS-CoV-2 host receptors ACE2 and CD147 (BSG) are present on human oocytes and blastocysts
        date: 2020-09-21
       words: 1690
      flesch: 52
     summary: The project was approved by the Institutional Ethical Committee (BUN 143201419672) and the Federal Committee for research on human embryos in vitro (AdV_049). key: cord-347965-zluu0i41 authors: Essahib, Wafaa; Verheyen, Greta; Tournaye, Herman; Van de Velde, Hilde title: SARS-CoV-2 host receptors ACE2 and CD147 (BSG) are present on human oocytes and blastocysts date: 2020-09-21 journal: J Assist Reprod Genet DOI: 10.1007/s10815-020-01952-x sha: doc_id: 347965 cord_uid: zluu0i41 PURPOSE:
    keywords: ace2; cd147; cells; membrane; oocytes; sars
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        item: #4789 of 5187
          id: cord-347968-jhnr8k3j
      author: Herrera, David
       title: Is the oral cavity relevant in SARS-CoV-2 pandemic?
        date: 2020-06-23
       words: 3394
      flesch: 27
     summary: This positive impact may specifically be even more relevant in the context of the clinical practice of dentistry [16] , since due to the frequent generation of aerosols, the associated risk of virus transmission may be enhanced during the different dental procedures [11, 17] . Oral viral load of SARS-CoV-2 has been associated with the severity of COVID-19, and thus, a reduction in the oral viral load could be associated with a decrease in the severity of the condition.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; iodine; oral; povidone; sars; transmission; virus
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        item: #4790 of 5187
          id: cord-348010-m3a3utvz
      author: Wolff, Michael
       title: On build‐up of epidemiologic models—Development of a SEI(3)RSD model for the spread of SARS‐CoV‐2
        date: 2020-10-13
       words: 13019
      flesch: 57
     summary: In Definition 2.1 (ii)-(iv), contact and reproduction numbers are defined independently of concrete infection models. After dealing with equations for the class of infectious infected persons, it is now the aim to add further equations for remaining classes like , and .
    keywords: class; contact; equation; individuals; infected; infection; model; number; persons; population; sars; time
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        item: #4791 of 5187
          id: cord-348065-0tkx7aas
      author: Liu, Bing
       title: Persistent SARS-CoV-2 presence is companied with defects in adaptive immune system in non-severe COVID-19 patients
        date: 2020-03-30
       words: 2288
      flesch: 50
     summary: Results Compared with PA patients, PP patients had much improved laboratory findings, including WBCs, neutrophils, lymphocytes, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, albumin, AST, CRP, SAA, and IL-6. In together, these results demonstrated that PP patients, upon treatment in mobile cabin hospital and transferred to our hospital, had much improved laboratory findings than PA patients at disease onset, even though they had persistent SARS-CoV-2 shedding.
    keywords: cells; covid-19; group; patients; sars
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        item: #4792 of 5187
          id: cord-348071-0zlzblwi
      author: Tseng, Jen-Yu
       title: Potential implications of SARS-CoV-2 on pregnancy
        date: 2020-05-13
       words: 509
      flesch: 50
     summary: As human-to-human transmission exponentially increases, the number of pregnant cases will eventually surface. However, SARS and MERS are responsible for severe complications during pregnancy
    keywords: cases; sars
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        item: #4793 of 5187
          id: cord-348178-6bjimde4
      author: Li, Ling
       title: Biosafety Level 3 Laboratory for Autopsies of Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome: Principles, Practices, and Prospects
        date: 2005-09-15
       words: 3690
      flesch: 49
     summary: Therefore, autopsies involving SARS autopsies may be considered more dangerous than are autopsies involving more common biohazard group 3 organisms, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis. First, use of a BSL-3 ventilation system is the prerequisite for SARS autopsies.
    keywords: air; area; autopsies; autopsy; gas; laboratory; ppe; sars; system
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        item: #4794 of 5187
          id: cord-348192-ibohbjfb
      author: Odih, Erkison E.
       title: Could Water and Sanitation Shortfalls Exacerbate SARS-CoV-2 Transmission Risks?
        date: 2020-06-09
       words: 2678
      flesch: 36
     summary: On the other hand, it is possible that only very high counts of SARS-CoV-2 would yield orally infectious doses. The ecological dynamics of fecal contamination and Salmonella Typhi and Salmonella Paratyphi A in municipal Kathmandu drinking water The impact of combined sewage overflows on the viral contamination of receiving waters Slum health: arresting COVID-19 and improving well-being in urban informal settlements Evidence of airborne transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome virus Environmental transmission of SARS at amoy gardens Leveraging Africa's preparedness towards the next phase of the COVID-19 pandemic Global monitoring of antimicrobial resistance based on metagenomics analyses of urban sewage Pathogen surveillance in the informal settlement, Kibera, Kenya, using a metagenomics approach Letter to the editor: wastewater-based epidemiology can overcome representativeness and stigma issues related to COVID-19 The moment to see the poor Impact of rotavirus vaccination varies by level of access to piped water and sewerage: an analysis of childhood clinic visits for diarrhea in Peru SANITATION SHORTFALLS RISK SARS-CoV-2 FECO-ORAL TRANSMISSION
    keywords: cov-2; risk; sanitation; sars; transmission; wastewater; water
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        item: #4795 of 5187
          id: cord-348202-6we8e60b
      author: Drake, Daniel H.
       title: Echo in Pandemic: Front Line Perspective, Expanding Role of Ultrasound and Ethics of Resource Allocation
        date: 2020-04-10
       words: 4115
      flesch: 35
     summary: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) associated acute cardiomyopathy is common in critical care patients and is associated with a high mortality. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) associated acute cardiomyopathy is common in critical care patients and is associated with a high mortality.
    keywords: care; covid-19; disease; health; lung; pandemic; patients; ultrasound; ventilation
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        item: #4796 of 5187
          id: cord-348209-rkkhv4mw
      author: Noerz, Dominik
       title: Clinical evaluation of a SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR assay on a fully automated system for rapid on-demand testing in the hospital setting
        date: 2020-04-11
       words: 1650
      flesch: 55
     summary: The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not peer-reviewed) is Step Denature: 6 sec, at 95°C, No Detect Step Anneal: 19 sec, at 60°C, Detect 73 Table 1 : NeuMoDx-Software run-protocol summary displaying settings and PCR protocol. Prior to analysis, 1ml Roche cobas PCR medium (≤ 40% guanidine 77 hydrochloride in Tris-HCL buffer) was added to the sample in order to inactivate potential pathogens 78 within and facilitate further handling.
    keywords: cov-2; pcr; preprint; sars
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        item: #4797 of 5187
          id: cord-348243-e5tdb08v
      author: Schermer, Bernhard
       title: Rapid SARS-CoV-2 testing in primary material based on a novel multiplex RT-LAMP assay
        date: 2020-11-02
       words: 3962
      flesch: 48
     summary: Next, the reaction was diluted with 80 μl of HybriDetect Buffer (Milenia), mixed, and then a HybriDetect dipstick (Milenia) was placed in the reaction tube and incubated at RT. Transferring such assays to automated microfluidic formats [11] can become an important tool to support disease control strategies.
    keywords: assays; cov-2; detection; lamp; reaction; rna; sars
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        item: #4798 of 5187
          id: cord-348283-7xorq5ce
      author: Naz, Anam
       title: Designing Multi-Epitope Vaccines to Combat Emerging Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) by Employing Immuno-Informatics Approach
        date: 2020-07-10
       words: 8223
      flesch: 52
     summary: Conservation analysis revealed the high similarity between the prioritized epitopes of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein with MERS and SARS spike protein epitopes ( Table 2 ). This step was executed to better understand the structures of predicted vaccines.
    keywords: binding; cell; domain; epitopes; haddock; models; protein; receptor; sars; score; spike; structures; vaccine
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        item: #4799 of 5187
          id: cord-348301-bk80pps9
      author: Wahl, Angela
       title: Acute SARS-CoV-2 Infection is Highly Cytopathic, Elicits a Robust Innate Immune Response and is Efficiently Prevented by EIDD-2801
        date: 2020-09-24
       words: 4298
      flesch: 38
     summary: Consistent with previous reports in human airway epithelial cell cultures and portmortem lung samples 26,28 , virions produced by human lung cells were pleomorphic in size (69 to 112 nm) and shape. LoM are constructed by subcutaneous implantation of a small piece of human lung tissue into the back of immune de cient mice (Fig. 1a) .
    keywords: cells; coronaviruses; cov-2; data; fig; human; infection; lom; lung; sars; tissue
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        item: #4800 of 5187
          id: cord-348342-iqq8kmn0
      author: Uyoga, S.
       title: Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in Kenyan blood donors
        date: 2020-07-29
       words: 3108
      flesch: 51
     summary: Methods We measured anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG prevalence by ELISA on residual blood donor samples obtained between April 30 and June 16, 2020. R package version 4-10 A systematic review of antibody mediated immunity to coronaviruses: antibody kinetics, correlates of protection, and association of antibody responses with severity of disease Comparison of Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Asymptomatic vs Symptomatic Coronavirus Disease Pre-existing immunity to SARS-CoV-2: the knowns and unknowns Pre-existing and de novo humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in humans Seroprevalence of Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in 10 Sites in the United States Ministry of Health K. COVID-19 Outbreak in Kenya Global, regional, and national estimates of the population at increased risk of severe COVID-19 due to underlying health conditions in 2020: a modelling study Targets of T Cell Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus in Humans with COVID-19 Disease and Unexposed Individuals SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell immunity in cases of COVID-19 and SARS, and uninfected controls Robust T cell immunity in convalescent individuals with asymptomatic or mild COVID-19 Rapid Decay of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 -21 Humoral Response Dynamics Following Infection with SARS-CoV-2 Surveillance of endemic human coronaviruses (HCoV-NL63, OC43 and 229E) associated with pneumonia in Kilifi Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2-Specific Antibody Responses in Coronavirus Disease Patients
    keywords: medrxiv; population; preprint; review; sars; seroprevalence; version
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        item: #4801 of 5187
          id: cord-348360-20eq5meh
      author: Esposito, Dominic
       title: Optimizing high-yield production of SARS-CoV-2 soluble spike trimers for serology assays
        date: 2020-06-04
       words: 3454
      flesch: 43
     summary: Until stable cell lines are developed to increase the titer of this secreted protein in mammalian cell culture, the low yield of spike protein produced from transient transfection of HEK293 cells will be a limiting factor for these assays. To improve the yield of spike protein and support the high demand for antigens in serology assays, we investigated several recombinant protein expression variables by altering the incubation temperature, harvest time, chromatography strategy, and final protein manipulation.
    keywords: buffer; expression; production; protein; sars; serology; spike; yield
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        item: #4802 of 5187
          id: cord-348384-8cvt1fo6
      author: Butsashvili, M.
       title: Knowledge of novel coronavirus (SARS-COV-2) among a Georgian population
        date: 2020-05-19
       words: 1988
      flesch: 50
     summary: Regarding preparations, we asked have you stocked up on food for current situation related to coronavirus epidemic? The majority of survey respondents correctly identified the transmission route and symptoms of the new coronavirus (96.9% and 98.0%, respectively).
    keywords: hcws; license; preprint; sars
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        item: #4803 of 5187
          id: cord-348391-xytmq2f2
      author: Wyganowska-Swiatkowska, Marzena
       title: Influence of Herbal Medicines on HMGB1 Release, SARS-CoV-2 Viral Attachment, Acute Respiratory Failure, and Sepsis. A Literature Review
        date: 2020-06-30
       words: 8109
      flesch: 34
     summary: All of the identified herbal extracts and flavonoids exert suppression of HMGB1 activity. All of the identified herbal extracts and flavonoids exert suppression of HMGB1 activity.
    keywords: activity; cell; effect; expression; extract; hmgb1; human; infection; inhibition; lung; mice; protein; release; sars; sepsis; tnf; viral; virus
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        item: #4804 of 5187
          id: cord-348392-e35cd9sg
      author: Moraleda, Cinta
       title: Multi-Inflammatory Syndrome in Children related to SARS-CoV-2 in Spain
        date: 2020-07-25
       words: 1762
      flesch: 59
     summary: [Sp]=100%), n=4; Immunochemoluminescence Diasorin TM SARS-CoV-2 S1/S2 IgG, S=97%, E=98%, n=1; ELISA in-house total antibody test, included within Solidarity II trial, ongoing and results pending, n=6; Rapid Test BioZek TM , IgM (S=85%, Sp=96%), IgG (S=99.9%, Sp=88%), n=3; Immunoassays Elecsys SARS-CoV-2 Cobas TM , total antibodies, S=84%, Sp=100%, n=2. key: cord-348392-e35cd9sg authors: Moraleda, Cinta; Serna-Pascual, Miquel; Soriano-Arandes, Antoni; Simó, Silvia; Epalza, Cristina; Santos, Mar; Grasa, Carlos; Rodríguez, Maria; Soto, Beatriz; Gallego, Nerea; Ruiz, Yolanda; Urretavizcaya-Martínez, María; Pareja, Marta; Sanz-Santaeufemia, Francisco José; Fumadó, Victoria; Lanaspa, Miguel; Jordan, Iolanda; Prieto, Luis; Belda, Sylvia; Toral-Vázquez, Belén; Rincón, Elena; Gil-Villanueva, Nuria; Méndez-Echevarría, Ana; Castillo-Serrano, Ana; Rivière, Jacques G; Soler-Palacín, Pere; Rojo, Pablo; Tagarro, Alfredo title: Multi-Inflammatory Syndrome in Children related to SARS-CoV-2 in Spain date: 2020-07-25 journal: Clin Infect Dis DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa1042 sha: doc_id: 348392 cord_uid: e35cd9sg Some clusters of children with a multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection (MIS-C) have been reported.
    keywords: cov-2; sars
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        item: #4805 of 5187
          id: cord-348455-vcxalkeo
      author: Graham, N. R.
       title: Kinetics and Isotype Assessment of Antibodies Targeting the Spike Protein Receptor Binding Domain of SARS-CoV-2 In COVID-19 Patients as a function of Age and Biological Sex.
        date: 2020-07-22
       words: 4114
      flesch: 54
     summary: Furthermore, we found a very strong correlation 126 between RBD and spike IgG ( Figure In the patient-specific RBD IgG data ( Figure S2A ) we found several patterns: initial 134 seroconversion (e.g. patients 0003, and 0017), rapid increases (e.g. patients 0005, 0006, 0009, 135 0011, 0020, occurring between days 10-20), and plateaued responses (e.g. patients 0012 and 136 0021, occurring mainly after day 20). We also assessed protective anti-spike RBD responses 173 as a function of level of hospital care and disease severity and found that duration of ICU-level 174 care was associated with higher responses, possibly due to an extended period of SARS-CoV-2 175 replication during severe disease.
    keywords: cov-2; display; igg; medrxiv; preprint; rbd; sars
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        item: #4806 of 5187
          id: cord-348478-ho89o8mj
      author: Pawlotsky, Jean-Michel
       title: SARS-CoV-2 pandemic : Time to revive the cyclophilin inhibitor alisporivir
        date: 2020-05-15
       words: 2102
      flesch: 40
     summary: A reveal its essential role for human coronavirus 229E replication Feline coronavirus replication is affected by both cyclophilin A and cyclophilin B The SARS-coronavirus-host interactome: identification of cyclophilins as target for pan-coronavirus inhibitors Function of HAb18G/CD147 in invasion of host cells by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Cyclophilins and cyclophilin inhibitors in nidovirus replication Suppression of feline coronavirus replication in vitro by NL63 replication is cyclophilin A-dependent and inhibited by non-immunosuppressive cyclosporine Aderivatives including alisporivir Nucleocapsid protein of SARS coronavirus tightly binds to human cyclophilin A Genetic deficiency and polymorphisms of cyclophilin
    keywords: alisporivir; coronavirus; cov; cyclophilin; sars
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        item: #4807 of 5187
          id: cord-348526-g3asp1ps
      author: Wang, Wenjun
       title: WeChat, a Chinese social media, may early detect the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in 2019
        date: 2020-02-26
       words: 2344
      flesch: 58
     summary: WeChat offered a new approach to early detect disease outbreaks. Gathering and analyzing data from social media, Internet search queries, news wires and web sites represents a novel approach to early warning and detection of disease outbreaks and is a supplementary to traditional surveillance systems
    keywords: license; outbreak; preprint; sars; wechat
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        item: #4808 of 5187
          id: cord-348567-rvwxysvc
      author: Panfili, F. M.
       title: Possible role of vitamin D in Covid-19 infection in pediatric population
        date: 2020-06-15
       words: 5402
      flesch: 30
     summary: Vitamin D supplementation, as already described, seems to decrease proinflammatory cytokines in the lung via modulation of both macrophages and T lymphocytes activity [24] . At the moment of writing, an interventional randomized clinical trial has been proposed at the University of Granada, with enrollment of 200 participants, proposing vitamin D supplementations (a single dose of 25,000 UI of vitamin D) in preventing and treating mild forms of suspected Covid-19 [68] .
    keywords: cells; covid-19; disease; levels; patients; pneumonia; role; study; supplementation; vitamin; vitamin d
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        item: #4809 of 5187
          id: cord-348635-1pb2ag9j
      author: Anand, Praveen
       title: SARS-CoV-2 selectively mimics a cleavable peptide of human ENaC in a strategic hijack of host proteolytic machinery
        date: 2020-04-30
       words: 1665
      flesch: 41
     summary: The overlap of the cell-types expressing ACE2 and ENaC-ɑ, and similar spatial distributions at the apical surfaces, suggest that SARS-CoV-2 may be leveraging the protease network responsible for ENaC cleavage. (b) The cartoon representation of human ENaC protein is depicted (PDB ID: 6BQN; chain in green), highlighting the ENaC-ɑ chain in green.
    keywords: cov-2; enac; peptide; sars
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        item: #4810 of 5187
          id: cord-348636-qqcb85uk
      author: Lekone, Phenyo E.
       title: Bayesian Analysis of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome: The 2003 Hong Kong Epidemic
        date: 2008-07-09
       words: 4881
      flesch: 56
     summary: Whilst it is appreciated that epidemic models for SARS should incorporate the heterogeneity due to super-spread events, it would be difficult to infer from such models since they would require detailed data which is not readily available in practice. This approach has been shown to be successful in epidemic modelling (Becker, Watson and Carlin, 1991; Becker und Xu, 1994) and particularly in reconstructing SARS epidemics (Chau and Yip, 2003a, b) .
    keywords: data; epidemic; et al; model; sars; time
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        item: #4811 of 5187
          id: cord-348696-86nbwon2
      author: Güemes-Villahoz, Noemi
       title: Novel Insights into the Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Through the Ocular Surface and its Detection in Tears and Conjunctival Secretions: A Review
        date: 2020-08-18
       words: 4203
      flesch: 37
     summary: Gene Rep Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in different types of clinical specimens Evaluation of coronavirus in tears and conjunctival secretions of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection The evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection on ocular surface Risk factors for SARS transmission from patients requiring intubation: a multicentre investigation in Toronto -nCoV transmission through the ocular surface must not be ignored Ocular manifestations of a hospitalised patient with confirmed 2019 novel coronavirus disease Characteristics of ocular findings of patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection in tears and conjunctival secretions of COVID-19 patients with conjunctivitis Ocular screening in severe acute respiratory syndrome Blood-retinal barrier breakdown in experimental coronavirus retinopathy: association with viral antigen, inflammation, and VEGF in sensitive and resistant strains The role of apoptosis within the retina of coronavirus-infected mice COVID-19 and thrombotic or thromboembolic disease: implications for prevention, antithrombotic therapy, and follow-up SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor Expression of the SARS-CoV-2 cell receptor gene ACE2 in a wide variety of human tissues Expression analysis of 2019-nCoV related ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in eye tissues Angiotensin II and its receptor subtypes in the human retina Mechanism of the action between the SARS-CoV S240 protein and the ACE2 receptor in eyes Immune defense at the ocular surface Inhibition of SARS pseudovirus cell entry by lactoferrin binding to heparan sulfate proteoglycans Viral antibodies in normal tears The ocular surface and the coronavirus disease 2019: does a dual 'ocular route' exist? Evaluation of ocular symptoms and tropism of SARS-CoV-2 Ophthalmologic evidence against the interpersonal transmission of 2019 novel coronavirus through conjunctiva. The new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 belongs to the same betacoronavirus family as the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and the Middle East respiratory syndromerelated coronavirus (MERS-CoV), which were responsible for the outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2002 and 2012, respectively [1, 2] .
    keywords: conjunctival; conjunctivitis; cov-2; covid-19; eye; patients; sars; tears; transmission; virus
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        item: #4812 of 5187
          id: cord-348713-tucolje2
      author: Cao, Yanan
       title: Comparative genetic analysis of the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV/SARS-CoV-2) receptor ACE2 in different populations
        date: 2020-02-24
       words: 1582
      flesch: 41
     summary: A number of ACE2 variants could reduce the association between ACE2 and S-protein in SARS-CoV or NL63 5 . Previous studies demonstrated the positive correlation of ACE2 expression and the infection of SARS-CoV in vitro 3, 4 .
    keywords: ace2; expression; populations; variants
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        item: #4813 of 5187
          id: cord-348723-sf073cmj
      author: Chen, Liang
       title: The ACE2 expression in human heart indicates new potential mechanism of heart injury among patients infected with SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-03-30
       words: 2017
      flesch: 46
     summary: CLEC4M was not enriched in human heart cells. Cell types were identified by classical cell-specific marker genes.
    keywords: ace2; cell; cov-2; heart; patients; sars
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        item: #4814 of 5187
          id: cord-348727-o38uplxe
      author: Beaudoin-Bussières, Guillaume
       title: Decline of humoral responses against SARS-CoV-2 Spike in convalescent individuals
        date: 2020-07-09
       words: 921
      flesch: 41
     summary: 60 While it remains to be formally demonstrated, neutralizing activity is considered an important 61 determinant of convalescent plasma efficacy (11) and regulatory agencies have been 62 recommending specific thresholds for qualifying convalescent plasma prior to its release. key: cord-348727-o38uplxe authors: Beaudoin-Bussières, Guillaume; Laumaea, Annemarie; Anand, Sai Priya; Prévost, Jérémie; Gasser, Romain; Goyette, Guillaume; Medjahed, Halima; Perreault, Josée; Tremblay, Tony; Lewin, Antoine; Gokool, Laurie; Morrisseau, Chantal; Bégin, Philippe; Tremblay, Cécile; Martel-Laferrière, Valérie; Kaufmann, Daniel E.; Richard, Jonathan; Bazin, Renée; Finzi, Andrés title: Decline of humoral responses against SARS-CoV-2 Spike in convalescent individuals date: 2020-07-09 journal: bioRxiv DOI: 10.1101/2020.07.09.194639 sha: doc_id: 348727 cord_uid: o38uplxe In the absence of effective vaccines and with limited therapeutic options, convalescent plasma is being collected across the globe for potential transfusion to COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: convalescent; plasma; sars
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        item: #4815 of 5187
          id: cord-348729-kejlm425
      author: Liu, Xiaoyu
       title: Neutralizing Antibodies Isolated by a site-directed Screening have Potent Protection on SARS-CoV-2 Infection
        date: 2020-05-04
       words: 3541
      flesch: 46
     summary: It shares 79% nucleotide sequence identity with SARS-CoV-1 4 . Notably, a recent study performed a systematic bioinformatics analysis to predict the potential B cell epitope and T cell epitope of SARS-CoV-2 18 .
    keywords: ace2; antibodies; antibody; cov-2; figure; rbd; sars
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        item: #4816 of 5187
          id: cord-348748-rxyh58eu
      author: Gorospe, Luis
       title: COVID-19: Thoracic Diagnostic Interventional Procedures in Troubled Times()
        date: 2020-09-07
       words: 1278
      flesch: 38
     summary: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a scoping review COVID-19: impact on cancer workforce and delivery of care Cancer treatment adaptations in the COVID-19 era Meeting the challenge of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease in patients with cancer What the oncologist needs to know about COVID-19 infection in cancer patients Managing cancer care during the COVID-19 pandemic: agility and collaboration toward a common goal The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer patients Managing patients with cancer in the COVID-19 era Managing COVID-19 in patients with cancer: a double blow for oncologists Cancer in the time of COVID: expert opinion on how to adapt current practice Provision of cancer care during the COVID-19 pandemic Challenges in lung cancer therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic Nosocomial transmission of emerging viruses via aerosol-generating medical procedures SARS-CoV-2 transmission in patients with cancer at a tertiary care hospital in Wuhan, China Managing COVID-19 in the oncology clinic and avoiding the distraction effect Radiology department preparedness for COVID-19: radiology scientific expert panel Some publications have addressed the clinical management of cancer patients in the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, but there are no specific guidelines for performing thoracic diagnostic interventional procedures in patients with tumors who are also infected with SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: cancer; covid-19; patients; sars
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        item: #4817 of 5187
          id: cord-348752-bbghqy1a
      author: Li, Yuguo
       title: Evidence for probable aerosol transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in a poorly ventilated restaurant
        date: 2020-04-22
       words: 4060
      flesch: 53
     summary: The infection risk was also higher for patrons at zone ABC tables than those at non-ABC zone tables (X 2 =25.78, P<0.001, chi-squared test with continuity correction, Table 1 ). The copyright holder for this preprint this version posted Evidence of airborne transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome virus COVID-19 outbreak associated with air conditioning in restaurant Aerosol and surface stability of SARS-CoV-2 as compared with SARS-CoV-1 Infectious virus in exhaled breath of symptomatic seasonal influenza cases from a college community Viable influenza A virus in airborne particles expelled during coughs versus exhalations Quantity and size distribution of coughgenerated aerosol particles produced by influenza patients during and after illness Detection of influenza and other respiratory viruses in air sampled from a university campus: a longitudinal study Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) Ventilation for acceptable indoor air quality A comparison between tracer gas and aerosol particles distribution indoors: The impact of ventilation rate, interaction of airflows, and presence of objects All rights reserved.
    keywords: air; author; funder; license; medrxiv; peer; preprint; review; tables
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        item: #4818 of 5187
          id: cord-348773-ulnc9gdv
      author: Hammoud, H.
       title: Post mortem pathological findings in COVID-19 cases: A Systematic Review
        date: 2020-10-14
       words: 5077
      flesch: 45
     summary: SARS-CoV-2 infection of the liver directly contributes to hepatic impairment in patients with COVID-19 CC-BY 4.0 International license It is made available under a is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity Complete postmortem data in a fatal case of COVID-19: clinical, radiological and pathological correlations Neuropathologic features of four autopsied COVID-19 patients Histopathological findings in the advanced natural evolution of the SARS-CoV-2 infection Fatal pulmonary fibrosis: a post-COVID-19 autopsy case Postmortem Kidney Pathology Findings in Patients with COVID-19 No Autopsies on COVID-19 Deaths: A Missed Opportunity and the Lockdown of Science The role of forensic pathologists in coronavirus disease 2019 infection: The importance of an interdisciplinary research Management of the corpse with suspect, probable or confirmed COVID-19 respiratory from corpses, including body fluids, in morgue structures and during autopsy practice Review: The safe handling of a corpse (suspected) with COVID-19 Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection in the United Arab Emirates Lung pathology of fatal severe acute respiratory syndrome Autopsy Findings in Eight Patients With Fatal H1N1 Influenza Interesting postmortem findings in a H1N1 influenza-positive pneumonia patient Histopathological and immunohistochemical findings of 20 autopsy cases with 2009 H1N1 virus infection Histopathological autoptic findings in 8 patients with pandemic influenza A (H1N1) pneumonia Systematic review of COVID-19 related myocarditis: Insights on management and outcome A clinicopathological study of three cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Analysis of deaths during the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic in Singapore: challenges in determining a SARS diagnosis Multiple organ infection and the pathogenesis of SARS Acute renal failure in SARS patients: more than rhabdomyolysis SARSassociated viral hepatitis caused by a novel coronavirus: Report of three cases Haematological manifestations in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome: retrospective analysis Cerebrospinal fluid findings in COVID-19 patients with neurological symptoms Detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in the brain: potential role of the chemokine mig in pathogenesis No ethical approval is required. key: cord-348773-ulnc9gdv authors: Hammoud, H.; Bendari, A.; Bendari, T.; Bougmiza, I. title: Post mortem pathological findings in COVID-19 cases: A Systematic Review date: 2020-10-14 journal: nan DOI: 10.1101/2020.10.11.20210849 sha: doc_id: 348773 cord_uid: ulnc9gdv Abstract Background: The current COVID-19 pandemic is considered one of the most serious public health crisis over the last few decades.
    keywords: articles; cases; covid-19; findings; license; medrxiv; patients; preprint; sars
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        item: #4819 of 5187
          id: cord-348777-pk9y6vfp
      author: Ding, Cheng
       title: Effect of Corticosteroid Therapy on the Duration of SARS-CoV-2 Clearance in Patients with Mild COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study
        date: 2020-09-28
       words: 3620
      flesch: 40
     summary: This study aims to investigate the association between corticosteroid therapy and the duration of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) clearance among patients with mild COVID-19. Corticosteroid therapy in patients with mild COVID-19 was not associated with the duration of SARS-CoV-2 clearance, suggesting that the use of corticosteroids may not be beneficial for patients with mild COVID-19 and should be prudently recommended in clinical practice.
    keywords: clearance; coronavirus; corticosteroid; covid-19; patients; rna; sars; therapy
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        item: #4820 of 5187
          id: cord-348823-u2gm3kyh
      author: Baksh, Mizba
       title: A Systematic Review of Cases of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic
        date: 2020-05-18
       words: 2255
      flesch: 41
     summary: Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) situation report -1 COVID-19) Geographic differences in COVID-19 cases, deaths, and incidence -United States COVIDView: a weekly surveillance summary of U.S. COVID-19 activity Interim clinical guidance for management of patients with confirmed coronavirus disease (COVID-19) Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) treatment for COVID-19 associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS): a case series Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome Rapid progression to acute respiratory distress syndrome: review of current understanding of critical illness from COVID-19 infection Lung involvement found on chest CT scan in a pre-symptomatic person with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a case report The clinical pathology of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): a report from Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding Studies of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus pathology in human cases and animal models Covid-19 -considerations for the paediatric rheumatologist Meta-analysis of preclinical studies of fibrinolytic therapy for acute lung injury Prevention of adult respiratory distress syndrome with plasminogen activator in pigs Severe hypoxemic respiratory failure Salvage therapies for refractory hypoxemia in ARDS Clinical course and mortality risk of severe COVID-19 Higher mortality rate in ventilated COVID-19 patients in large sample Clinical, laboratory and imaging features of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis Information for clinicians on investigational therapeutics for patients with COVID-19 Pharmacologic treatments for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a review Brief review on COVID-19: the 2020 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 . There could be a high risk of mortality (about two-thirds) in ventilated patients according to new data from the United Kingdom's Intensive Care National Audit and Research Center (ICNARC), but this was unclear [19] .
    keywords: acute; ards; cases; covid-19; patients; sars
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        item: #4821 of 5187
          id: cord-348855-lnltoj1n
      author: Iannaccone, Giulia
       title: Weathering the Cytokine Storm in COVID-19: Therapeutic Implications
        date: 2020-06-29
       words: 4681
      flesch: 28
     summary: For these reasons, the WHO does not recommend routine administration of CS in COVID-19 patients outside of clinical trials; their adjunctive use may be indicated on an individual basis or unless indicated for other conditions, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, and septic shock [23] . Moreover, in 2 small retrospective studies of COVID-19 patients in China suffering from severe lung injury it was observed that the use of this agent could provide significant clinical improvement without important side effects [38, 39] .
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; cytokine; disease; infection; patients; response; sars; syndrome; therapy; treatment; use
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        item: #4822 of 5187
          id: cord-348899-vynk8q8c
      author: Jo, Seri
       title: Inhibition of SARS-CoV 3CL protease by flavonoids
        date: 2019-11-14
       words: 4012
      flesch: 50
     summary: The citrus flavanone naringenin impairs dengue virus replication in human cells Inhibitory activity of cyclohexenyl chalcone derivatives and flavonoids of fingerroot, Boesenbergia rotunda (L.), towards dengue-2 virus NS3 protease Flavonoids: promising natural compounds against viral infections Characterization of SARS main protease and inhibitor assay using a fluorogenic substrate Prediction and biochemical analysis of putative cleavage sites of the 3C-like protease of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Spectroscopic investigation of interaction between mangiferin and bovine serum albumin Novel procedure for modeling ligand/receptor induced fit effects A hierarchical approach to all-atom protein loop prediction Extra precision glide: docking and scoring incorporating a model of hydrophobic enclosure for protein-ligand complexes Aggregating behavior of phenolic compounds-a source of false bioassay results? key: cord-348899-vynk8q8c authors: Jo, Seri; Kim, Suwon; Shin, Dong Hae; Kim, Mi-Sun title: Inhibition of SARS-CoV 3CL protease by flavonoids date: 2019-11-14 journal: J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2019.1690480 sha: doc_id: 348899 cord_uid: vynk8q8c There were severe panics caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle-East Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus.
    keywords: 3clpro; activity; assay; binding; compounds; cov; flavonoids; fluorescence; protease; sars
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        item: #4823 of 5187
          id: cord-349015-5oisrm5s
      author: Liu, Zhe
       title: Identification of a common deletion in the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-04-02
       words: 1182
      flesch: 41
     summary: In this study, we identified two variants from the first Guangdong SARS-CoV-2 cell strain, with deletion mutations on polybasic cleavage site (PRRAR) and its flank sites. By sequencing the whole genome of SARS-CoV-2, we identified two variants having deletion mutations on polybasic cleavage site (PRRAR) and its flank sites.
    keywords: cov-2; deletion; sars
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        item: #4824 of 5187
          id: cord-349029-zyfop43z
      author: Dobrovolny, Hana M.
       title: Modeling the role of asymptomatics in infection spread with application to SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-08-10
       words: 4601
      flesch: 43
     summary: It is also possible to accumulate large numbers of asymptomatic individuals if symptomatic infections are removed from the epidemic, either through death, recovery, or isolation, faster than asymptomatic infections. In this study, we use a compartmental mathematical model of a viral epidemic that includes asymptomatic infection to examine the role of asymptomatic individuals in the spread of the infection.
    keywords: asymptomatic; cov-2; epidemic; individuals; infections; sars
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        item: #4825 of 5187
          id: cord-349031-tbof9yqi
      author: Chen, Shiu-Jau
       title: Novel Antiviral Strategies in the Treatment of COVID-19: A Review
        date: 2020-08-20
       words: 5473
      flesch: 38
     summary: Nord experience Clinical trials on drug repositioning for COVID-19 treatment COVID-19 pandemic: An overview of epidemiology, parthenogenesis, diagnostics and potential vaccines and therapeutics Ruxolitinib in treatment of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A multicenter, single-blind, randomized controlled trial Inhibition of cytokine signaling by ruxolitinib and implications for COVID-19 treatment Convalescent plasma in Covid-19: Possible mechanisms of action Treatment of 5 critically Ill patients with COVID-19 with convalescent plasma Effectiveness of convalescent plasma therapy in severe COVID-19 patients Anti-SARS-CoV-2 virus antibody levels in convalescent plasma of six donors who have recovered from COVID-19 Treatment with convalescent plasma for COVID-19 patients in Wuhan Use of convalescent plasma therapy in two COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome in Korea Deployment of convalescent plasma for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 Convalescent plasma transfusion for the treatment of COVID-19: Systematic review Potential application of the CRISPR/Cas9 system against herpesvirus infections Gene editing technologies and Applications Opioid addiction, genetic susceptibility and medical treatments: A Review Development of CRISPR as an antiviral strategy to combat SARS-CoV-2 and influenza Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for COVID-19: Present or future Current status of cell-based therapies for respiratory virus infections: Applicability to COVID-19 Transplantation of ACE2-Mesenchymal stem cells improve the outcome of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia Expanded umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) as a therapeutic strategy in managing critically Ill COVID-19 patients: The case for compassionate use Convalescent plasma therapy for persistent hepatitis E virus infection Convalescent plasma new evidence for an old therapeutic tool Feasibility of using convalescent plasma immunotherapy for MERS-CoV infection, Saudi Arabia Use of convalescent plasma in Ebola virus infection Experience of using convalescent plasma for severe acute respiratory syndrome among healthcare workers in a Taiwan hospital Use of convalescent plasma therapy in SARS patients in Hong Kong Convalescent plasma as a potential therapy for COVID-19 Collecting and evaluating convalescent plasma for COVID-19 treatment: In this review, we explore the applications, possible mechanisms, and efficacy in successful cases using convalescent plasma, CRISPR, and MSC therapy for COVID-19 treatment, respectively.
    keywords: cells; convalescent; convalescent plasma; covid-19; disease; efficacy; patients; plasma; sars; therapy; treatment; use
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        item: #4826 of 5187
          id: cord-349070-bqv03u2e
      author: Jiang, Shih Sheng
       title: Sensitive and Quantitative Detection of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection by Real-Time Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction
        date: 2004-01-15
       words: 2476
      flesch: 44
     summary: To reduce the risk of random or carry-over contamination of nested PCR [10] , sample preparation, reagent preparation, and PCR amplification were performed in different buildings or rooms with separated air-conditioning using different sets of the pipette system. This dual real-time PCR method can be easily completed within 2 h using LightCycler, which includes a 45-min, 1-step RT-PCR followed by 40-min real-time nested PCR, making it an ideal routine protocol for high-throughput screening of SARS-CoV. Second, the assay had a detection limit of !10 copies of SARS-CoV, to reduce the rate of false-negative results for trace virus samples.
    keywords: assay; detection; pcr; rna; round; sars; time
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        item: #4827 of 5187
          id: cord-349089-ta07bho2
      author: Antushevich, Hanna
       title: Interplays between inflammasomes and viruses, bacteria (pathogenic and probiotic), yeasts and parasites
        date: 2020-09-22
       words: 8199
      flesch: 25
     summary: NLRP3 inflammasomes orchestrates host protection against Aspergillus infection Paracoccidioides brasiliensis AND Paracoccidioides lutzii, A SECRET LOVE AFFAIR Enhanced expression of NLRP3 inflammasome components by monocytes of patients with pulmonary paracoccidioidomycosis is associated with smoking and intracellular hypoxemia NLRP3 inflammasome is involved in the recognition of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis by human dendritic cells and in the induction of Th17 cells Inflammasomes in host response to protozoan parasites Inflammasome activation restrains the intracellular Neospora caninum proliferation in bovine macrophages NLRP3 Inflammasome Participates in Host Response to Neospora caninum Infection Leishmania donovani inhibits inflammasome-dependent macrophage activation by exploiting the negative regulatory proteins A20 and UCP2 Leishmania infantum infection reduces the amyloid β42-stimulated NLRP3 inflammasome activation AIM2 inflammasome is associated with disease severity in tegumentary leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania (V.) braziliensis Schistosoma comparative genomics: integrating genome structure, parasite biology and anthelmintic discovery Activation of the NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasomes in a mouse model of Schistosoma mansoni infection Immune responses against protozoan parasites: a focus on the emerging role of Nod-like receptors The NLRP3 Inflammasome Is a Pathogen Sensor for Invasive Entamoeba histolytica via Activation of α5β1 Integrin at the Macrophage-Amebae Intercellular Junction Inflammasomes: mechanism of assembly, regulation and signalling Activation and regulation of the inflammasomes HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors activate caspase-1 in human monocytes depending on ATP release and P2X7 activation ABRO1 promotes NLRP3 inflammasome activation through regulation of NLRP3 deubiquitination Type I interferon inhibits interleukin-1 production and inflammasome activation Emerging Activators and Regulators of Inflammasomes and Pyroptosis Cathepsin B Affects the Activation of Nucleotide-binding Domain and Leucine-rich-repeat-containing Family and Pyrin Domaincontaining 3 Inflammasome via Transient Receptor Potential Mucolipin-1], Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao Gout-associated uric acid crystals activate the NALP3 inflammasome NLRP3 inflammasomes are required for atherogenesis and activated by cholesterol crystals Exogenous nanoparticles and endogenous crystalline molecules as danger signals for the NLRP3 inflammasomes Inflammasomes in neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases Amyloid β directly interacts with NLRP3 to initiate inflammasome activation: identification of an intrinsic NLRP3 ligand in a cell-free system Innate immune activation through Nalp3 inflammasome sensing of asbestos and silica
    keywords: activation; activity; aim2; caspase-1; cells; cytokines; expression; host; il-1β; infection; inflammasome; inflammation; mice; nlrp3; nlrp3 inflammasome; pro; protein; role; sars; secretion; type
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        item: #4828 of 5187
          id: cord-349117-xfir3m5p
      author: Hyseni, Inesa
       title: Characterisation of SARS-CoV-2 Lentiviral Pseudotypes and Correlation between Pseudotype-Based Neutralisation Assays and Live Virus-Based Micro Neutralisation Assays
        date: 2020-09-10
       words: 8326
      flesch: 46
     summary: SARS CoV-2 strain 2019-nCov/Italy wild-type virus (LV), which was handled in a level 3 bio-containment facility (BSL 3), was used as positive control in order to evaluate the spike glycoprotein expression, while a ∆-envelope pseudotype, prepared with the same procedure, was used as a negative control. SARS CoV-2 strain 2019-nCov/Italy wild-type virus (LV), which was handled in a level 3 biocontainment facility (BSL 3), was used as positive control in order to evaluate the spike glycoprotein expression, while a Δ-envelope pseudotype, prepared with the same procedure, was used as a negative control.
    keywords: cell; cov-2; human; kda; lines; mnt; pnt; protein; pseudotypes; sars; titres; virus
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        item: #4829 of 5187
          id: cord-349124-nhnl7zgi
      author: de Sandes‐Freitas, Tainá Veras
       title: Lessons from SARS‐CoV‐2 screening in a Brazilian organ transplant unit
        date: 2020-07-13
       words: 1197
      flesch: 36
     summary: We also do not know if asymptomatic carrier transplant recipients have higher risk to develop symptoms when compared to the general population. From this event, all newly admitted patients have been tested for COVID-19 and maintained isolated from other patients until the test result is known.
    keywords: asymptomatic; covid-19; patients; symptoms
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        item: #4830 of 5187
          id: cord-349159-rndtf508
      author: Brosseau, Lisa M
       title: Selecting Controls for Minimizing SARS-CoV-2 Aerosol Transmission in Workplaces and Conserving Respiratory Protective Equipment Supplies
        date: 2020-08-21
       words: 5952
      flesch: 39
     summary: Guidance from the European Agency for Safety and Health at Work (2020) notes the importance of applying the hierarchy of controls, starting with eliminating the risk followed by minimizing worker exposure and finally personal protective equipment. Daily duration (number of potential exposure hours per 8 h workday) Examples of source controls might be: • Eliminate all in-person interactions by requiring customers to conduct their business via phone, internet, or some remote method, in combination with delivery or drive-by pickup.
    keywords: air; controls; covid-19; exposure; particles; pathway; risk; source; transmission; workers
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        item: #4831 of 5187
          id: cord-349210-8t4a5qqo
      author: Ji, Ping
       title: Immunomodulatory Therapeutic Proteins in COVID‐19: Current Clinical Development and Clinical Pharmacology Considerations
        date: 2020-08-10
       words: 7716
      flesch: 34
     summary: About 5-10% of COVID-19 patients developed lung injury and respiratory distress that progressed to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). A minority of COVID-19 patients will transition into the severe and critical stages of the illness, which manifest as an extrapulmonary systemic hyperinflammation syndrome.
    keywords: clinical; cov-2; covid-19; disease; dose; dosing; infection; patients; pneumonia; proteins; risk; sars; treatment; trial
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        item: #4832 of 5187
          id: cord-349226-xzlc1pni
      author: Khatiwada, Saroj
       title: Lung microbiome and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): possible link and implications
        date: 2020-08-05
       words: 4317
      flesch: 31
     summary: The COVID-19 disease begins with the invasion of lungs by SARS-CoV-2 virus, and the major complications that develop subsequently are related to lung infection and immune response generation, therefore, lung microbiome might play an important role from initiation to the progression of this disease [16] . In lung diseases, these factors can change, and therefore overgrowth of one species with reduction of microbial diversity occurs (shown in figure 1 )
    keywords: cells; covid-19; disease; immunity; infection; lung; microbiome; patients; pneumonia; sars
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        item: #4833 of 5187
          id: cord-349311-yo4up42r
      author: De Maria, Andrea
       title: High prevalence of olfactory and taste disorder during SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in outpatients
        date: 2020-05-17
       words: 744
      flesch: 33
     summary: For these reasons, we suggest that meta-analyses that are performed on exclusively hospitalized populations with patient selection Clinical characteristics of hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a single arm metaanalysis Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study Case-fatality rate and characteristics of patients dying in relation to COVID-19 in Italy Investigation of three clusters of COVID-19 in Singapore: implications for surveillance and response measures Epidemiologic features and clinical course of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Singapore Self-reported olfactory and taste disorders in SARS-CoV-2 patients: a cross-sectional study Post-infectious olfactory dysfunction exhibits a seasonal pattern 5, 6 We note, however, that this analysis is based exclusively on hospitalized patients, which only represent a minor proportion (about 20%) of all infected symptomatic patients, and may thus represent a relevant bias.
    keywords: cov-2; patients; sars
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        item: #4834 of 5187
          id: cord-349313-2gupfqnl
      author: Martinez-Perez, Clara
       title: Citation Network Analysis of the Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
        date: 2020-10-21
       words: 7155
      flesch: 48
     summary: Alterations in the digestive system as a result of COVID-19 Blood clotting alterations in COVID-19 patients. It has been shown that digestive symptoms are common in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: analysis; citation; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; group; number; patients; publications; research; sars
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        item: #4835 of 5187
          id: cord-349365-2ot1kf2k
      author: Shi, Yi
       title: Antisense downregulation of SARS‐CoV gene expression in Vero E6 cells
        date: 2004-11-15
       words: 3221
      flesch: 46
     summary: Besides being a potential therapeutic tool, antisense oligonucleotides provide a highly selective means to study the pathological functions of SARS-CoV genes. Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Update 31: coronavirus never before seen in humans is the cause of SARS Characterization of a novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome The genome sequence of the SARS-associated coronavirus Murine coronavirus spike glycoprotein medicates degree of viral spread, inflammation and virus-induced immunopathology in the central nervous system Coronavirus spike proteins in viral entry and pathogenesis Antisense DNA and RNA strategies: new approaches to therapy Antisense oligonucleotide-based therapeutics for cancer Supression of influenza A virus growth in mice by a PB2-as antisense oligonucleotide Selective inhibition of the cytopathic effect of type A influenza virus by oligonucleotides covalently linked to an intercalating agent Regulation of viral expression of HIV in vitro by an antisense phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotide against rev in chronically infected cells Phosphorothioate analogues of oligodeoxyribonucleotides: synthesis and activity as inhibitors of replication of human immunodeficiency virus Anti-HIV activities and physicochemical properties of phosphorothioate analogues complementary to HIV sequences Inhibition of Rous sarcoma virus replication and transformation by a specific oligodeoxynucleotide Specific regulation of gene expression by antisense, sense and antigene nucleic acids Control ribonuleic acid function by oligonucleotide methylphosphonates Automated solid-phase synthesis, separation, and stereochemistry of phosphorothioate analogs of oligodeoxyribonucleotides Phosphoramidate, phosphorothioate, and methylphosphonate analogs of oligodeoxynucleotide: inhibitors of replication of human immunodeficiency virus The involvement of human ribonucleases H1 and H2 in the variation of response of cells to antisense phosphorothioate oligonucleotides Retargeting of coronavirus by substitution of the spike glycoprotein ectodomain: crossing the host cell species barrier WHO confirms SARS in Chinese journalist Comparative full-length genome sequence analysis of 14 SARS coronavirus isolates and common mutations associated with putative origins of infection Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Proliferative grown of SARS coronavirus in Vero E6 cells Antisense oligonucleotides as therapeutic agents -is the bullet really magical? Problems in interpretation of data derived from in vitro and in vivo use of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides A problem in the use of antisense oligonucleotides is their inefficient cellular uptake.
    keywords: antisense; cells; expression; gene; sars; vero
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        item: #4836 of 5187
          id: cord-349392-r71g2e9y
      author: Wang, L. -F.
       title: Bats, Civets and the Emergence of SARS
        date: 2007
       words: 7025
      flesch: 42
     summary: Bats: important reservoir hosts of emerging viruses SARS-associated coronavirus transmitted from human to pig Zoonotic viruses of wildlife: hither from yon Molecular evolution of the SARS coronavirus during the course of the SARS epidemic in China Nipah virus: a recently emergent deadly paramyxovirus Isolation of Nipah virus from Malaysian Island flying-foxes Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with sever acute respiratory syndrome Aetiology: Koch's postulates fulfilled for SARS virus Isolation and characterization of viruses related to the SARS coronavirus from animals in southern China Isolation of Hendra virus from pteropid bats: a natural reservoir of Hendra virus Coronaviridae: the viruses and their replication The ecology of wildlife diseases Molecular evolution analysis and geographic investigation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-like virus in palm civets at an animal market and on farms A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Newly discovered coronavirus as the primary cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-like virus in Chinese horseshoe bats Fruit bats as reservoirs of Ebola virus Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus Bats are natural reservoirs of SARS-like coronaviruses Laboratory diagnosis of four recent sporadic cases of community-acquired SARS Pathology of guinea pigs experimentally infected with a novel reovirus and coronavirus isolated from SARS patients Animal-to-human SARS-associated coronavirus transmission? SARS virus infection of cats and ferrets A review of the global conservation status of bats A morbillivirus that caused fatal disease in horses and humans Possible role of an animal vector in the SARS outbreak in Amoy Gardens Severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Identification of a novel coronavirus in bats Aged balb/c mice as a model for increased severity of severe acute respiratory syndrome in elderly humans Characterization of a novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Superspreading SARS events Beijing Cross-host evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in palm civet and human Prior infection and passive transfer of neutralizing antibody prevent replication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in the respiratory tract of mice Domestic poultry and SARS coronavirus, southern China A cluster of cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Identification of a new human coronavirus Emerging paramyxoviruses Susceptibility of pigs and chickens to SARS coronavirus Mice susceptible to SARS coronavirus Summary of probable SARS cases with onset of illness from 1 Characterization and complete genome sequence of a novel coronavirus, coronavirus HKU1, from patients with pneumonia Civets are equally susceptible to experimental infection by two different severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus isolates Epidemiologic clues to SARS origin in China Evasion of antibody neutralization in emerging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses Prevalence of IgG antibody to SARS-associated coronavirus in animal traders-Guangdong Province China SARSrelated virus predating SARS outbreak Hong Kong Epidemiology and cause of acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Guangdong People's Republic of China Acknowledgements Work conducted in the authors' group on the identification of the natural reservoir host of SARS-CoV is supported by the Australian Biosecurity Cooperative Research Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases (Project 1.007R) in collaboration with research activities supported by an NIH/NSF Ecology of Infectious Diseases' award (no. R01-TW05869) from the John E. Fogarty International Center and the V. Kann Rasmussen Foundation. key: cord-349392-r71g2e9y authors: Wang, L. -F.; Eaton, B. T. title: Bats, Civets and the Emergence of SARS date: 2007 journal: Wildlife and Emerging Zoonotic Diseases: The Biology, Circumstances and Consequences of Cross-Species Transmission DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-70962-6_13 sha: doc_id: 349392 cord_uid: r71g2e9y Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) was the first pandemic transmissible disease of previously unknown aetiology in the twenty-first century.
    keywords: animal; civets; cov; covs; et al; human; sars; species; transmission; virus
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        item: #4837 of 5187
          id: cord-349417-vn7q8wc4
      author: Ziebuhr, John
       title: The Coronavirus Replicase: Insights into a Sophisticated Enzyme Machinery
        date: 2006
       words: 3389
      flesch: 33
     summary: A detailed sequence analysis by Gorbalenya, Snijder and colleagues of the SARS-CoV genome revealed that the enzymology of coronavirus RNA synthesis may be significantly more complex than previously thought. It will be of particular interest to identify those proteins that are involved in the specific mechanisms of coronavirus RNA synthesis, such as the production of a nested set of subgenome-length RNAs and the replication of RNA genomes of unprecedented size.
    keywords: activities; coronavirus; helicases; pro; protease; replication; rna; sars
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        item: #4838 of 5187
          id: cord-349428-i2s41kl7
      author: Griffin, Ian
       title: The Impact of COVID-19 Infection on Labor and Delivery, Newborn Nursery, and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: Prospective Observational Data from a Single Hospital System
        date: 2020-06-13
       words: 4433
      flesch: 49
     summary: Two separate, designated spaces were established in the NICU for newborn infants under investigation depending on whether they did or did not have respiratory distress. Parent visitation was not allowed for newborn infants in the NICU isolation rooms who were born to mothers with COVID-19 or who were PUIs.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; infants; isolation; mother; newborn; sars; testing
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        item: #4839 of 5187
          id: cord-349445-yh6ndtgm
      author: Mohammed El Tabaa, Manar
       title: Targeting Neprilysin (NEP) pathways: A potential new hope to defeat COVID-19 ghost
        date: 2020-05-27
       words: 11864
      flesch: 29
     summary: As well, NEP could not affect lung Ang (1-7) metabolism because it was involved in the metabolism of Ang (1-7) within tissues other than pulmonary tissues, as renal cortex. Subsequently, RAS exhibits two main axes based on two distinct enzymes responsible for cleavage of Ang I into angiotensin (Ang) II or Ang 1-7 [51] , First axis involves generation of Ang II as the main effector via the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and named the classical vasopressor axis ACE/ Ang II/ Ang II type 1 receptor (AT1)
    keywords: ang; angiotensin; cells; clinical; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; endothelial; enzyme; injury; lung; nep; patients; peptide; pulmonary; ras; receptor; role; sars; system; treatment
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        item: #4840 of 5187
          id: cord-349477-3qhpu7v0
      author: Jarynowski, A.
       title: An attempt to optimize human resources allocation based on spatial diversity of COVID-19 cases in Poland
        date: 2020-10-15
       words: 7012
      flesch: 40
     summary: We recommend that during the next wave of infections, Polish Sanitary Inspection should be strengthened in terms of staff and IT services in high risk poviats. others (2020). w polsce przy pomocy modeli matematycznych i uczenia maszynowego Exploring the spatial concentration of foreign employment in poland under the simplified procedure Ranking the effectiveness of worldwide covid-19 government interventions Badanie kosztowej-efektywnoÅci interwencji mitygujÄcych ryzyko zakazen covid-19 przed fala jesienna Obliczeniowe nauki spoleczne w praktycze Niewykorzystany potencjał systemów informatycznych w epidemiologii zakażeń szpitalnych w polsce Socio-economic models of divorces in different societies Modelling communities and populations: an introduction to computational social science Percepcja âkoronawirusaâ w polskim internecie do czasu potwierdzenia pierwszego przypadku zakażenia sars-cov-2 w polsce Trends in interest of covid-19 on polish internet Social values are significant factors in control of covid-19 pandemic-preliminary results Attempt to understand public health relevant social dimensions of covid-19 outbreak in poland Mobilność jako kluczowa zmienna wyjaśniająca regionalne różnice w dynamice zakażeń-wyniki wstępne Prognozy rozwoju epidemii koronawirusa Population flow drives spatio-temporal distribution of covid-19 in china others (2020).
    keywords: arrival; cases; covid-19; data; et al; infections; level; license; mobility; number; poland; population; poviats; preprint; sars; size; variables
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        item: #4841 of 5187
          id: cord-349485-iomk99lv
      author: Eis-Hübinger, Anna M.
       title: Ad hoc laboratory-based surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 by real-time RT-PCR using minipools of RNA prepared from routine respiratory samples
        date: 2020-04-22
       words: 1637
      flesch: 49
     summary: In perspective, this approach can be set up rather easily e. g. by public health laboratories, can be done on a daily basis and at reduced costs compared to individual patient testing. This approach proved its principle and might assist public health laboratories in Europe and elsewhere to rapidly detect SARS-CoV-2 cases which might otherwise remain undetected.
    keywords: cov-2; pcr; samples; sars
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        item: #4842 of 5187
          id: cord-349500-603v8lfb
      author: Neurath, Markus F
       title: Covid-19 and immunomodulation in IBD
        date: 2020-04-16
       words: 6564
      flesch: 37
     summary: In contrast, another study reported that covid-19 ICU patients had significantly higher serum levels of TNF than non-ICU patients. Therefore, this review will address the following questions: ► What is the evidence for intestinal covid-19 disease and how does covid-19 induce mucosal immune cell activation and a cytokine release syndrome?
    keywords: ace2; cell; clinical; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; cytokine; disease; ibd; patients; sars; syndrome; therapy
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        item: #4843 of 5187
          id: cord-349501-p1fttfpr
      author: Ratia, Kiira
       title: Chapter 494 Coronavirus Papain-like Peptidases
        date: 2013-12-31
       words: 1327
      flesch: 31
     summary: The papain-like protease of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus has deubiquitinating activity The papain-like protease from the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus is a deubiquitinating enzyme Regulation of IRF-3-dependent innate immunity by the papain-like protease domain of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus papain-like protease ubiquitin-like domain and catalytic domain regulate antagonism of IRF3 and NF-κB signaling Deubiquitinating and interferon antagonism activities of coronavirus papain-like proteases Identification of mouse hepatitis virus papain-like proteinase 2 activity Identification of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus replicase products and characterization of papain-like protease activity Deubiquitination, a new function of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus papain-like protease? RNA replication of mouse hepatitis virus takes place at double membrane vesicles SARS-Coronavirus replication is supported by a reticulovesiculuar network of modified endoplasmic reticulum Inhibition of beta interferon induction by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus suggests a two-step model for activation of interferon regulatory factor 3 Proteolytic processing and deubiquitinating activity of papain-like proteases of human coronavirus NL63 Email: kratia@uic.edu Andrew Mesecar Walther Professor of Cancer Structural Biology, Deputy Director Email: Sequence analysis of coronavirus genomic RNA reveals the presence of either 1 or 2 papain-family protease domains that were shown to process the amino-terminal region of the replicase polyprotein ( Figure Cloning and expression of the N-terminal region of the murine coronavirus replicase polyprotein revealed that a predicted papain-family protease (papain-like protease, PLP) domain was responsible for processing the aminoterminal non-structural protein (nsp) from the replicase polyprotein [2À3] .
    keywords: coronavirus; papain; polyprotein; protease; sars
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        item: #4844 of 5187
          id: cord-349504-oqpjqgv4
      author: Escudero, Dolores
       title: Análisis de SARS-CoV-2 en el aire de una UCI dedicada a pacientes Covid-19
        date: 2020-10-10
       words: 1629
      flesch: 45
     summary: La seguridad de los profesionales sanitarios debe ser abordada como una prioridad para prevenir el colapso de los sistemas de salud y evitar una trasmisión desde los hospitales al resto de la comunidad. En este estudio no se menciona el intercambio de aire/hora o si las habitaciones disponían de presión negativa.
    keywords: aire; con; cov-2; del; las; los; por; que; sars; uci
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        item: #4845 of 5187
          id: cord-349541-7g50vg14
      author: Poulikakos, Dimitrios
       title: SARS-CoV-2 antibody screening in healthcare workers in a tertiary centre in North West England
        date: 2020-07-07
       words: 428
      flesch: 50
     summary: key: cord-349541-7g50vg14 authors: Poulikakos, Dimitrios; Sinha, Smeeta; Kalra, Philip A. title: SARS-CoV-2 antibody screening in healthcare workers in a tertiary centre in North West England date: 2020-07-07 journal: J Clin Virol DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104545 sha: doc_id: 349541 cord_uid: 7g50vg14 nan Please cite this article as: Poulikakos D, Sinha S, Kalra PA, SARS-CoV-2 antibody screening in healthcare workers in a tertiary centre in North West England, Journal of Clinical Virology (2020), doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104545 This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. England most likely reflect general community transmission rather than hospital exposure SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody detection in healthcare workers in Germany with direct contact to COVID-19 patients Hospital-Wide SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Screening Analytical performances of a chemiluminescence immunoassay for SARS-CoV-2 IgM/IgG and antibody kinetics First experience of COVID-19 screening of health-care workers in England Evaluating the National PPE Guidance for NHS Healthcare Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic
    keywords: hcw; sars
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        item: #4846 of 5187
          id: cord-349545-w7c2tu5a
      author: Wang, Mengmeng
       title: Analytical performance evaluation of five RT‐PCR kits for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
        date: 2020-10-27
       words: 1844
      flesch: 49
     summary: We advise that the high-risk populations, such as people who are close contact with COVID-19 patients, patients during later stages of the infection, people who have fever but have not been detected and caregivers, should be detected by low LoD kits. Daan kit has the lowest LoD than other four kits.
    keywords: detection; gene; kits; pcr; sars
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        item: #4847 of 5187
          id: cord-349556-k312qkvh
      author: Roldán-Santiago, Ernesto
       title: SARS-CoV-2 spreads to lymph nodes and strongly expands CD4+ T(EMRA) cells in a patient with mild COVID-19
        date: 2020-09-18
       words: 1836
      flesch: 54
     summary: Lymphopenia predicts disease severity of COVID-19: a descriptive and predictive study Radiological findings from 81 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) directly decimates human spleens and lymph nodes for the Modena Covid-19 Working Group SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19: cytometry and the new challenge for global health Distribution and compartmentalization of human circulating and tissue-resident memory T cells subsets Characterization of the CD4 T cell response to Epstein-Barr virus during primary and persistent Infection Tonsilar homing of Epstein-Barr virus-specific CD8+ T cells and the virus-host balance Human CD4+ memory T-cells are preferential targets for bystander activation and apoptosis Breadth of concomitant responses prior to patient recovery: a case report of non-severe COVID-19 Baseline pulmonary levels of CD8+ T cells and NK cells inversely correlate with expression of the SARS-CoV-2 entry receptor ACE2 Unique phenotypes and clonal expansions of human CD4 effector memory T cells re-expressing CD45RA However, as mentioned previously, we observed a large increase in the percentage of CD4+ T EMRA cells in LN, a cell subset virtually absent in LN from healthy 7 or infected individuals, including EBV infection.
    keywords: cells; cov-2; sars
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        item: #4848 of 5187
          id: cord-349623-dw5o9i59
      author: Miranda, José P.
       title: Analytical and Clinical Validation for RT-qPCR Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Without RNA Extraction
        date: 2020-10-15
       words: 3819
      flesch: 39
     summary: Optimal selected conditions for direct protocol were: thermal shock at 70°C for 10 min, loading 3.5 ul in the RT-qPCR. Methods: Optimal direct protocol was selected by comparing RT-qPCR performance under a set of thermal (65, 70, and 95° for 5, 10, and 30 min) and amplification conditions (3 or 3.5 uL loading volume; 2 commercial RT-qPCR kits with a limit of detection below 10 copies/reaction) in nasopharyngeal swabs stored at 4°C in sterile Weise's buffer pH 7.2.
    keywords: protocol; qpcr; rna; samples; sars; standard
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        item: #4849 of 5187
          id: cord-349645-6o8773c5
      author: Li, He
       title: Air Pollution and temperature are associated with increased COVID-19 incidence: a time series study
        date: 2020-06-02
       words: 3019
      flesch: 42
     summary: As the SARS-CoV-2 has a median incubation period of 4 days in human (Guan et al., 2020) , all independent variables were used to fit daily COVID-19 incidence from 4 days later. Interestingly, all ambient air pollutants showed positive association with daily COVID-19 incidence.
    keywords: air; covid-19; incidence; study
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        item: #4850 of 5187
          id: cord-349656-baoqgu8v
      author: Wang, Chen
       title: Intrauterine vertical transmission of SARS‐CoV‐2: what we know so far
        date: 2020-04-07
       words: 737
      flesch: 55
     summary: A case report of neonatal COVID-19 infection in China. Most of the cases in the studies as described above had mild to moderate symptoms, and all manifested during the third trimester of pregnancy, and therefore the time interval from clinical manifestation of COVID-19 infection to delivery was short.
    keywords: infection; sars
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        item: #4851 of 5187
          id: cord-349659-6drnriun
      author: Grant, Benjamin D.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus Nucleocapsid Antigen-Detecting Half-Strip Lateral Flow Assay Toward the Development of Point of Care Tests Using Commercially Available Reagents
        date: 2020-07-01
       words: 3209
      flesch: 49
     summary: Interestingly, a detection limit of 50 pg/mL in an ELISA system was shown in 2004 for SARS-CoV-1 to permit positive rates of N protein detection in sera collected at 1−5, 6−10, 11−15, and 16−20 days after the onset of symptoms for 414 samples from 298 serologically confirmed patients of 92.9, 69.8, 36.4, and 21.1%, respectively. And, previous work on SARS-CoV-1 from 2004 and 2005 in serum showed promising results in an ELISA format.
    keywords: antibody; antigen; cov-2; detection; half; lfa; sars; strip
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        item: #4852 of 5187
          id: cord-349682-kpg0vley
      author: Ojha, Probir Kumar
       title: Therapeutics for COVID-19: from computation to practices—where we are, where we are heading to
        date: 2020-09-02
       words: 7951
      flesch: 40
     summary: Repurposing drugs against main protease of SARS-CoV-2: mechanism based insights supported by available laboratory and clinical data Identification of potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV2 main protease via a rapid in-silico drug repurposing approach In silico screening of Chinese herbalmedicines with the potential to directly inhibit 2019 novel coronavirus Analysis of therapeutic targets for SARS-CoV2 and discovery of potential drugs by computational methods Predicting commercially available antiviral drugs that may act on the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV2) through a drug-target interaction deep learning model Computational search for potential COVID-19 drugs from FDA-approved drugs and small molecules of natural origin identifies several anti-virals and plant products Identification of SARS-CoV2 cell entry inhibitors by drug repurposing using in silico structure-based virtual screening approach Prediction of the SARS-CoV2 (2019-nCoV) 3C-like protease (3CL pro ) structure: virtual screening reveals velpatasvir, ledipasvir, and other drug repurposing candidates Comparative computational study of SARS-CoV2 receptors antagonists from already approved drugs Investigation into SARS-CoV-2 resistance of compounds in garlic essential oil In-silico studies of antimalarialagent artemisinin and derivatives portray more potent binding to Lys353 and Lys31-binding hotspots of SARS-CoV2 spike protein than hydroxychloroquine: potential repurposing of artenimol for COVID-19 Structural and molecular modelling studies reveal a new mechanism of action of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine against SARS-CoV2 infection Destabilizing the structural integrity of SARS-CoV2 receptor proteins by curcumin along with hydroxychloroquine: an insilco approach for a combination therapy Identification of potential molecules against COVID-19 main protease through structure-guided virtual screening approach Development of a simple, interpretable and easily transferable QSAR model for quick screening antiviral databases in search of novel 3Clike protease (3CLpro) enzyme inhibitors against SARS-CoV diseases Computational screening for potential drug candidates against the SARS-CoV-2 main protease Consensus virtual screening of dark chemical matter and food chemicals uncover potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 main protease Protein reliability analysis and virtual screening of natural inhibitors for SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) through docking, molecular mechanic & dynamic, and ADMET Profiling. Table 1 Drug candidates under trial against COVID-19 with probable targets, mechanism of action, pathophysiology, application and current status [11, 12, 14, 30, 40, 43, 45, 53, 55, Drug candidates under trial The SARS-CoV-2 uses the S protein to facilitate viral entry into the host cells.
    keywords: ace2; cell; clq; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; drug; fig; host; human; inhibitors; patients; potential; protease; protein; receptor; sars; treatment; trial
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        item: #4853 of 5187
          id: cord-349684-2tioh80m
      author: Pezzotti, Giuseppe
       title: Rapid Inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 by Silicon Nitride, Copper, and Aluminum Nitride
        date: 2020-06-20
       words: 5401
      flesch: 43
     summary: Dermatol Res Pract An Overview of Copper Toxicity Relevance to Public Health Silicon Nitride and Related Materials Orthopedic Applications of Silicon Nitride Ceramics Bioactive Silicon Nitride: A New Therapeutic Material for Situ Spectroscopic Screening of Osteosarcoma Living Cells on Stoichiometry-Modulated Silicon Nitride Bioceramic Surfaces Silicon Nitride: A Synthetic Mineral for Vertebrate Biology Human Osteoblasts Grow Transitional Si/N Apatite in Quickly Osteointegrated Si3N4 Cervical Insert Decreased Bacteria Activity on Si3N4 Surfaces Compared with PEEK or Titanium Anti-Infective and Osteointegration Properties of Silicon Nitride, Poly (Ether Ether Ketone), and Titanium Implants A Spontaneous Solid-State NO Donor to Fight Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria. These investigators also showed rapid HuCoV-229E inactivation (within a few minutes) for simulated fingertip contamination on Cu surfaces.
    keywords: aln; cells; cov-2; fig; inactivation; min; nitride; rna; sars; si3n4; silicon; surface; tmprss2; virus
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        item: #4854 of 5187
          id: cord-349690-hgdjbeht
      author: Alonso, Fábio de O. Martinez
       title: Recurrence of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection with a more severe case after mild COVID‐19, reversion of RT‐qPCR for positive and late antibody response: case report
        date: 2020-08-14
       words: 724
      flesch: 41
     summary: key: cord-349690-hgdjbeht authors: Alonso, Fábio de O. Martinez; Sabino, Bruno Duarte; Guimarães, Maria Angelica Arpon Marandino; Varella, Rafael Brandão title: Recurrence of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection with a more severe case after mild COVID‐19, reversion of RT‐qPCR for positive and late antibody response: case report date: 2020-08-14 journal: J Med Virol DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26432 sha: doc_id: 349690 cord_uid: hgdjbeht In general, SARS‐CoV‐2 replication in the host reaches its peak in the first week of infection, decreasing rapidly afterwards, while some level of immunity is build up. In addition, the absence of detectable antibodies in the first episode may have allowed for a new infection, rather than a recurrence.
    keywords: infection; sars
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        item: #4855 of 5187
          id: cord-349721-wdjlr4z4
      author: Szpiro, L.
       title: Role of interfering substances in the survival of coronaviruses on surfaces and their impact on the efficiency of hand and surface disinfection
        date: 2020-08-25
       words: 3993
      flesch: 34
     summary: As observed for a large number of respiratory viruses, airborne transmission and fomite transmission are thought to play important roles in the epidemiology of these viruses (1) . Mixing of highly concentrated inocula with respiratory mucus increased the infectiousness of influenza viruses, allowing its transmission for up to 17 days (18) and thus confirming the protective role of human mucus for the survival of respiratory viruses previously shown by Parker et al (19) .
    keywords: hand; mucus; preprint; sars; surface; virucidal; virus
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        item: #4856 of 5187
          id: cord-349744-8cg5yj20
      author: Lassaunière, Ria
       title: Evaluation of nine commercial SARS-CoV-2 immunoassays
        date: 2020-04-10
       words: 2658
      flesch: 49
     summary: To determine the agreement between the different ELISAs and POC tests evaluate, the proportion of case sera that shared the same result between two assays were calculated. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.09.20056325 doi: medRxiv preprint In the present study, three SARS-CoV-2-specific commercial ELISA assays and six POC rapid tests were evaluated using sera from hospitalized adult patients with PCR-confirmed diagnoses for SARS-CoV-2 and a collection of control serum samples taken before the emergence of the virus in China in December 2019.
    keywords: cov-2; elisa; license; preprint; sars; tests
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        item: #4857 of 5187
          id: cord-349745-zlhu1jit
      author: Konrad, Regina
       title: Rapid establishment of laboratory diagnostics for the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 in Bavaria, Germany, February 2020
        date: 2020-03-05
       words: 2425
      flesch: 50
     summary: They all showed comparable results in reduction of unspecific E gene signals. Moreover, we additionally included a newly launched commercial test kit in our study: RealStar SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR kit 1.0 (Altona, Hamburg, Germany), which did not show unspecific E gene signals.
    keywords: assays; coronavirus; cov-2; gene; health; pcr; sars
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        item: #4858 of 5187
          id: cord-349762-f5no10eq
      author: Nagura-Ikeda, Mayu
       title: Clinical Evaluation of Self-Collected Saliva by Quantitative Reverse Transcription-PCR (RT-qPCR), Direct RT-qPCR, Reverse Transcription–Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification, and a Rapid Antigen Test To Diagnose COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-24
       words: 4286
      flesch: 45
     summary: The C T value of target 2 in the cobas SARS-CoV-2 test was significantly lower in saliva samples that tested positive by the RAT than in samples that tested negative (25.4 Ϯ 1.8 versus 30.8 Ϯ 2.7, respectively; P Ͻ 0.001) (Fig. 2B) . Among these 61 early-phase patients, saliva samples were taken from 37 of them within 6 days of symptom onset (Table S1 ).
    keywords: covid-19; patients; qpcr; rna; saliva; sars; specimens; test
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        item: #4859 of 5187
          id: cord-349774-898tmq14
      author: Zhang, Haiyang
       title: Proteasome activator PA28γ-dependent degradation of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) nucleocapsid protein
        date: 2020-06-16
       words: 3178
      flesch: 48
     summary: Moreover, the stability of nCoV N protein in PA28γ-WT was lower than that in the PA28γ-KO cell line over time (Fig.1D) . Taken together, the data show that endogenous PA28γ may have an effect on the degradation of nCoV N protein through interaction.
    keywords: cells; degradation; ncov; pa28γ; proteasome; protein; sars
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        item: #4860 of 5187
          id: cord-349794-mhviub6e
      author: Le, Brian L.
       title: Transcriptomics-based drug repositioning pipeline identifies therapeutic candidates for COVID-19
        date: 2020-10-23
       words: 3814
      flesch: 35
     summary: Using a rank-based pattern matching strategy based on the Kolmogorov-Smirnov Statistic, the signatures were queried against drug profiles from Connectivity Map (CMap). Here, we applied our existing computational drug repositioning pipeline to identify drug profiles with significantly reversed differential gene expression compared to predicted inhibitors (including one tested in Calu-3) were incubated with SARS-CoV-2 infected human embryonic kidney 293T cells overexpressing ACE2 (293T-ACE2) with viral replication determined using an immunofluorescence-based assay.
    keywords: cells; cov-2; covid-19; data; drug; expression; gene; hits; human; sars; signature
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        item: #4861 of 5187
          id: cord-349821-5ykwwq75
      author: Ippolito, G.
       title: Biological weapons: Hospital preparedness to bioterrorism and other infectious disease emergencies
        date: 2006-09-09
       words: 6506
      flesch: 28
     summary: The phases of the traditional disaster management cycle (preparation, response, recovery and mitigation) are paralleled in infectious disease emergency management by preparedness (activities undertaken before an event, including planning, training, and undertaking practice drills and exercises to test the plans); surveillance and detection (recognising that an infectious disease emergency is occurring); and response, control and containment (the clinical, public health and other measures that minimise the health, social and economic consequences of the incident). [68] ; further links to additional sources can be found at http://www.ecdc.eu.int/. All clinicians must remain open to the possibility that they may be the first person to recognise a deliberate release or other infectious disease emergency; must be prepared to consult urgently with their local infectious disease specialist, clinical microbiologist and public health department on suspicion alone, without waiting for a definitive diagnosis, and must remain alert to the unusual, the unexpected and the case that 'just doesn't fit'.
    keywords: anthrax; cases; control; disease; emergency; health; hospital; infection; influenza; laboratory; management; preparedness; public; response; sars
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        item: #4862 of 5187
          id: cord-349827-0trvostt
      author: Tse, Alan C.B.
       title: Crisis management and recovery: how restaurants in Hong Kong responded to SARS
        date: 2005-01-29
       words: 2934
      flesch: 50
     summary: key: cord-349827-0trvostt authors: Tse, Alan C.B.; So, Stella; Sin, Leo title: Crisis management and recovery: how restaurants in Hong Kong responded to SARS date: 2005-01-29 journal: Int J Hosp Manag DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhm.2004.12.001 sha: doc_id: 349827 cord_uid: 0trvostt The 2003 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) outbreak constitutes an example of the many crises that a restaurant may encounter. The literature on crisis management has stressed the importance of a plan for crisis management (see, for example, Fearn-Banks, 1996; Coombs, 1999; Barton, 2001) .
    keywords: business; crisis; hong; kong; management; managers; restaurants; sars
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        item: #4863 of 5187
          id: cord-349838-p6vfzbla
      author: Algwaiz, Ghada
       title: Real-world issues and potential solutions in HCT during the COVID-19 pandemic: Perspectives from the WBMT and the CIBMTR's Health Services and International Studies Committee
        date: 2020-07-24
       words: 4064
      flesch: 34
     summary: Exposure (especially to contacts with COVID-19 patients) and symptom history, physical examination, and chest imaging are helpful to evaluate HCT patients. Realizing the challenges as a result of this pandemic affecting the daily practice of the HCT centers, and the recognition of the variability in practice worldwide, the Worldwide Network for Blood &amp; Marrow Transplantation (WBMT) and the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research&nbsp;(CIBMTR) Health Services and International Studies Committee have jointly produced an expert opinion statement as a general guide to deal with certain aspects of HCT including diagnostics for SARS-CoV-2 in HCT patients, pre-and-post-HCT management, donor issues, medical tourism and facilities management.
    keywords: blood; cell; covid-19; hct; infection; patients; pcr; risk; sars; therapy; transplantation; treatment
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        item: #4864 of 5187
          id: cord-349907-dwhyx97y
      author: Noh, Ji Yeong
       title: Simultaneous detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome, Middle East respiratory syndrome, and related bat coronaviruses by real-time reverse transcription PCR
        date: 2017-02-20
       words: 3287
      flesch: 56
     summary: By testing the new method with bat samples as well as human samples, it could be applicable to survey SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and potentially their related bat CoVs in bats and human samples. It could successfully detect SARS-like CoV in bat samples but showed limited detection ability for the bat CoV HKU4 strain, which is related to MERS-CoV. However, according to a recent finding of EMC-like MERS-CoV, which was detected in bats of Saudi Arabia [18] , we assume that the new method can be helpful for screening for MERS-CoV in bat samples.
    keywords: bat; cov; mers; pcr; sars; time
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        item: #4865 of 5187
          id: cord-349912-em1abdrg
      author: Meng, Xiangming
       title: COVID-19 and anosmia: A review based on up-to-date knowledge
        date: 2020-06-02
       words: 1519
      flesch: 53
     summary: There is increasing evidence that Olfactory dysfunction can present in COVID-19 patients. Multiple cross-sectional studies have demonstrated that the incidence rate of Olfactory dysfunction in COVID-19 patients varies from 33.9–68% with female dominance.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; patients; sars
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        item: #4866 of 5187
          id: cord-349923-cja8i0hw
      author: Habibzadeh, Parham
       title: The Novel Coronavirus: A Bird's Eye View
        date: 2020-02-05
       words: 2467
      flesch: 38
     summary: The coronavirus has infected more than 870 people Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia Dynamically modeling SARS and other newly emerging respiratory illnesses: past, present, and future Transmission characteristics of MERS and SARS in the healthcare setting: a comparative study Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Epidemiological, demographic, and clinical characteristics of 47 cases of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus disease from Saudi Arabia: a descriptive study Plasma inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in severe acute respiratory syndrome Functions and regulation of T cell-derived interleukin-10 Transmission of 2019-nCoV infection from an asymptomatic contact in Germany Sexual dimorphism in innate immunity The X chromosome in immune functions: when a chromosome makes the difference Chinese researchers reveal draft genome of virus implicated in Wuhan pneumonia outbreak Available from www.who.int/publications-detail/laboratorytesting-for-2019-novel-coronavirus-in-suspectedhuman-cases-20200117 Available from www.niaid.nih.gov/diseases-conditions/mers-sars-therapeutics-vaccines First case of 2019 novel coronavirus in the United States A randomized, open-label, blank-controlled trial for the efficacy and safety of lopinavir-ritonavir and interferon-alpha 2b in hospitalization patients with novel coronavirus infection. In contrast to re v i e w patients with typical human coronavirus infections, few of those affected with the novel coronavirus had upper respiratory tract signs and symptoms (eg, sore throat, rhinorrhea).
    keywords: coronavirus; cov; infection; ncov; novel; patients; sars
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        item: #4867 of 5187
          id: cord-349954-bozgrzvf
      author: Quintaliani, Giuseppe
       title: Exposure to novel coronavirus in patients on renal replacement therapy during the exponential phase of COVID-19 pandemic: survey of the Italian Society of Nephrology
        date: 2020-07-03
       words: 3457
      flesch: 44
     summary: According to a recent report of the Italian National Institute of Health (Istituto Superiore di Sanità [ISS] ), among the most common comorbidities of COVID-19 patients dying in Italy, chronic kidney disease and dialysis are found in 21% and 2% of deceased patients respectively [10] . Participating Centers and Investigators by Region Iatreion Caserta (I. Raiola) De Paolis) Casa di cura Nuova Villa Claudia A (L. Scabbia) Villa Tiberia Hospital Cepidial srl WHO (2020) Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic COVID-19 and Italy: what next? Case-fatality rate and characteristics of patients dying in relation to COVID-19 in Italy COVID-19 World Map COVID-19 integrated surveillance: key national data /en/coron aviru s/sars-cov-2-integ rated -surve illan ce-data COVID-19 infection: the China and Italy perspectives Prevalence of comorbidities and its effects in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2: a systematic review and meta-analysis COVID-19 and dialysis: why we should be worried ERACODA: the ERA-EDTA covid-19 database for patients on dialysis or living with a kidney transplant Istituto Superiore di Sanità (2020) Characteristics of COVID-19 patients dying in Italy When a nephrology ward becomes a COVID-19 ward: the Cremona experience COVID-19 outbreak in a large hemodialysis centre in Lombardy A report from the Brescia Renal COVID Task Force on the clinical characteristics and short-term outcome of hemodialysis patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection Brescia Renal CTF (2020) Management of patients on dialysis and with kidney transplant during SARS-COV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic in Working group of the P, Aosta Valley Section of the SIN (2020)
    keywords: centers; covid-19; italy; nephrology; pandemic; patients; rrt; sars; survey
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        item: #4868 of 5187
          id: cord-350015-mg5wiihj
      author: Chen, Yiyin
       title: Aging in COVID-19: Vulnerability, immunity and intervention
        date: 2020-10-31
       words: 7507
      flesch: 33
     summary: It remains to be seen whether this provides any protection against COVID-19 Grifoni et al., 2020; Mateus et al., 2020; Sette and Crotty, 2020) . Studies aimed at defining factors that impact the quality and titer of antibody, including SARS-CoV-2 neutralization reveal that older age, male sex, and hospitalization with severe COVID-19 are all factors that contribute to greater antiviral antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 . Cell-mediated immune response: Clinical observations have revealed significant lymphopenia and increased neutrophil counts in severe COVID-19 disease and, therefore, lymphopenia and high neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) are considered as useful predictors for COVID-19 death whereas high lymphocyte counts predict better clinical outcomes (Chen et al., 2020c; Lagunas-Rangel and Chavez-Valencia, 2020; Qin et al., 2020; Wang et al., 2020a; Zhou et al., 2020a) .
    keywords: adults; age; cell; china; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; et al; immune; infection; patients; responses; sars; vaccine
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        item: #4869 of 5187
          id: cord-350029-1y5ex4d5
      author: McDade, Thomas W.
       title: Beyond serosurveys: Human biology and the measurement of SARS‐Cov‐2 antibodies
        date: 2020-08-09
       words: 2690
      flesch: 36
     summary: In this commentary, we describe antibody testing and how human biologists can use it to inform our understanding of the pandemic, and to address questions of longstanding interest regarding the causes and consequences of human biological variation. Based on these dynamics, antibody testing can be applied clinically to diagnose a current or very recent infection, and epidemiologically as a surveillance tool.
    keywords: antibodies; antibody; cov-2; covid-19; infection; sars; testing
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        item: #4870 of 5187
          id: cord-350045-85jug39x
      author: Pruc, Michal
       title: Risk of coronavirus infections among medical personnel
        date: 2020-05-08
       words: 632
      flesch: 49
     summary: r o o f Dear Editor, infections from the coronavirus group are a very important problem among medical personnel. This is most often due to the fact that medical personnel is incorrectly trained in proper protection against the virus and lack of equipment that meets the relevant standards.
    keywords: personnel; sars
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        item: #4871 of 5187
          id: cord-350094-nkzbtcfw
      author: Barrett, Lisa F.
       title: Self-Limited Gastrointestinal Bleeding in COVID-19
        date: 2020-07-15
       words: 651
      flesch: 46
     summary: Areas of research may include assessing for mucosal damage, evaluating a correlation with inflammatory markers and reviewing additional cases of bleeding in COVID-19 patients. Gastrointestinal Manifestations and Potential Fecal-Oral Transmission SARS-CoV-2 productively infects human gut enterocytes SARS-CoV-2 Gastrointestinal Infection Causing Hemorrhagic Colitis Anticoagulant treatment is associated with decreased mortality in severe coronavirus disease 2019 patients with coagulopathy Thromboembolic risk and anticoagulant therapy in COVID-19 patients: emerging evidence and call for action
    keywords: covid-19; patients
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        item: #4872 of 5187
          id: cord-350095-hsl1hfds
      author: Shiu, Stephen Y. W.
       title: Urgent search for safe and effective treatments of severe acute respiratory syndrome: is melatonin a promising candidate drug?
        date: 2003-06-16
       words: 1330
      flesch: 33
     summary: The lungs show histological changes comparable to acute respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in those with severe disease [6, 7] . key: cord-350095-hsl1hfds authors: Shiu, Stephen Y. W.; Reiter, Russel J.; Tan, Dun‐Xian; Pang, Shiu F. title: Urgent search for safe and effective treatments of severe acute respiratory syndrome: is melatonin a promising candidate drug? date: 2003-06-16 journal: J Pineal Res DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-079x.2003.00068.x sha: doc_id: 350095 cord_uid: hsl1hfds nan Since the end of February of this year, global health is being threatened by the emergence of a new infectious disease, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), caused by a novel coronavirus
    keywords: acute; melatonin; patients; sars; syndrome
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        item: #4873 of 5187
          id: cord-350101-t34myl7l
      author: Henrique Braz‐Silva, Paulo
       title: SARS‐CoV‐2: What can saliva tell us?
        date: 2020-05-11
       words: 889
      flesch: 23
     summary: Emerging and future challenges for dental and oral medicine Additional molecular testing of saliva specimens improves the detection of respiratory viruses Temporal profiles of viral load in posterior oropharyngeal saliva samples and serum antibody responses during infection by SARS-CoV-2: An observational cohort study Saliva as a diagnostic specimen for testing respiratory virus by a point-of-care molecular assay: A diagnostic validity study High expression of ACE2 receptor of 2019-nCoV on the epithelial cells of oral mucosa A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China SARS-CoV-2 viral load in upper respiratory specimens of infected patients The use of saliva, following proper saliva collection and handling high-quality procedures, has a number of advantages, such as less invasiveness, easy collection, possibility of self-collection, less exposure of healthcare workers, shorter execution time, no need of specific instruments, possibility of serial sampling and development of point-of-care devices (Malamud & Rodriguez-Chavez, 2011; Braz-Silva et al., 2017) .
    keywords: coronavirus; saliva
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        item: #4874 of 5187
          id: cord-350103-liwvhuzj
      author: Brooks, Nathan A.
       title: The role of the urologist, BCG vaccine administration, and SARS‐CoV‐2: An overview
        date: 2020-06-22
       words: 2853
      flesch: 33
     summary: Specifically, the epidemiologic evidence for decreased COVID‐19 morbidity in countries with BCG vaccination programs, current clinical trials for BCG vaccination to protect against COVID‐19, potential mechanisms and rationale for this protection, and the role of the urologist and urology clinic in providing support and/or leading ongoing efforts. Emerging evidence suggests that BCG vaccination might reduce the rate of infection and mitigate the rate of mortality in countries with BCG vaccination programs.
    keywords: bcg; bladder; cancer; countries; covid-19; infection; vaccination; vaccine
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        item: #4875 of 5187
          id: cord-350104-b99y6n43
      author: de Zwart, Onno
       title: Perceived Threat, Risk Perception, and Efficacy Beliefs Related to SARS and Other (Emerging) Infectious Diseases: Results of an International Survey
        date: 2009-01-06
       words: 5381
      flesch: 46
     summary: A limited number of studies have looked at risk perception of avian influenza with different results varying from high perceived risks to low risk perception [19] [20] [21] Risk perception of SARS in some of the Asian countries was relatively low compared to risk perception in the USA
    keywords: countries; diseases; flu; perception; risk; sars; threat; vulnerability
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        item: #4876 of 5187
          id: cord-350130-c4u0gxp5
      author: Wu, Yi-Chi
       title: The outbreak of COVID-19: An overview
        date: 2020-02-12
       words: 3352
      flesch: 53
     summary: In 2003, a new coronavirus, the etiology of a mysterious pneumonia, also originated from southeast China, especially Guangdong province, and was named SARS coronavirus that fulfilled the Koch's postulate. Antiviral drugs: lopinavir/ritonavir and ribavirin had been tried to treat SARS disease with apparent favorable clinical response.
    keywords: 2019; coronavirus; covid-19; infection; ncov; novel; patients; sars
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        item: #4877 of 5187
          id: cord-350134-gl3qtoug
      author: Brun, Gilles
       title: COVID-19—White matter and globus pallidum lesions: Demyelination or small-vessel vasculitis?
        date: 2020-05-22
       words: 1014
      flesch: 41
     summary: Besides demyelination, the associated punctiform lesions might be consistent with ischemic lesions because of small-vessel vasculitis. key: cord-350134-gl3qtoug authors: Brun, Gilles; Hak, Jean-François; Coze, Stéphanie; Kaphan, Elsa; Carvelli, Julien; Girard, Nadine; Stellmann, Jan-Patrick title: COVID-19—White matter and globus pallidum lesions: Demyelination or small-vessel vasculitis? date: 2020-05-22 journal:
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; lesions; sars
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        item: #4878 of 5187
          id: cord-350172-w3yoxhsg
      author: Mertens, Pascal
       title: Development and Potential Usefulness of the COVID-19 Ag Respi-Strip Diagnostic Assay in a Pandemic Context
        date: 2020-05-08
       words: 7577
      flesch: 41
     summary: The post-implementation analysis of the proposed algorithm using samples collected in the LHUB-ULB between the 31st of March and the 7th of April 2020 from patients in four hospitals from Brussels showed 33.3% (325/975) total positive COVID-19 test results, of which 39.7% (129/325) were detected by the COVID-19 Ag Respi-Strip. In the absence of a vaccine and specific antiviral treatment, the containment of the pandemic relies mainly on the rapid identification and isolation of COVID-19 patients (2) .
    keywords: ag respi; assay; clinical; covid-19; covid-19 ag; diagnostic; patients; pcr; respi; results; samples; sars; strip; study; test
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        item: #4879 of 5187
          id: cord-350182-s10nong7
      author: Milionis, Charalampos
       title: A brief analysis and hypotheses about the risk of COVID-19 for people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus
        date: 2020-07-20
       words: 2734
      flesch: 35
     summary: As of June 29, 2020, the number of COVID-19 infections globally has exceeded 10 million cases in 188 countries/regions causing more than 500,000 deaths [9] . Clinical and basic evidence Risk factors of critical & mortal COVID-19 cases: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis Are patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus at increased risk for COVID-19 infection? Commentary.
    keywords: covid-19; diabetes; immune; mellitus; patients; sars; type
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        item: #4880 of 5187
          id: cord-350189-2su7oqbz
      author: Elmén, Joacim
       title: Locked nucleic acid (LNA) mediated improvements in siRNA stability and functionality
        date: 2005-01-14
       words: 5430
      flesch: 43
     summary: Briefly, siLNA5 has LNA modifications at the 3 0 ends and exhibits a duplex stability similar to the unmodified siRNA1 (T m = 69.7 C for siLNA5 and 70.5 C for siRNA1) whereas siLNA7 has six additional duplex stabilizing sense strand modifications at base-paired positions which increases its T m to >90 C. As shown in Figure 1a and b, unmodified siRNA (siRNA1) was markedly degraded after 6 h during which it produces a smear of faster migrating species. Introduction of LNA modifications in the 3 0 overhangs in either or both strands of the firefly siRNA revealed no loss of inhibitory effect (siLNA1-3).
    keywords: activity; antisense; cells; end; firefly; lna; luciferase; modifications; sense; sirna; strand; target
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        item: #4881 of 5187
          id: cord-350211-vuxs5wtt
      author: Johanna, Barón‐Sánchez
       title: Afectación del sentido del olfato y el gusto en la enfermedad leve por coronavirus (COVID-19) en pacientes españoles
        date: 2020-07-28
       words: 4030
      flesch: 41
     summary: La duración media de la anosmia fue de 8,33 días, posteriormente los pacientes manifestaron hiposmia, con resolución completa en 17,79 días de media. f Se consideraron los siguientes criterios de exclusión: pacientes menores de 18 años, presencia de disfunciones olfativas o gustativas antes de la epidemia; pacientes ingresados en el momento del estudio y pacientes en tratamiento con corticoides inhalados.
    keywords: alteraciones; anosmia; como; con; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; del; días; estudio; gusto; las; los; olfato; pacientes; para; pcr; por; que; sars; sin; síntomas; una
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        item: #4882 of 5187
          id: cord-350212-448mv4lt
      author: Chiuppesi, Flavia
       title: Development of a Multi-Antigenic SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Using a Synthetic Poxvirus Platform
        date: 2020-07-17
       words: 7764
      flesch: 43
     summary: This feature greatly facilitates the insertion of heterologous antigen sequences into the sMVA DNA by highly e cient bacterial recombination techniques and to produce recombinant sMVA vaccine vectors. 2C) , suggesting similar capacity of sMVA and wtMVA to spread in MVA permissive cells.
    keywords: antibodies; antibody; antigen; cells; cov-2; dna; infection; recombinant; responses; sars; smva; speci; vaccine; vaccinia; vectors; virus; wtmva
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        item: #4883 of 5187
          id: cord-350235-yoy3hj3j
      author: Sansonetti, Philippe J
       title: COVID‐19, chronicle of an expected pandemic
        date: 2020-05-04
       words: 2989
      flesch: 53
     summary: Ebola virus disease Investigating the zoonotic origin of the West African Ebola epidemic Probable limited person-to-person transmission of highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) virus in China Beta-coronaviruses like SARS-CoV-2 (the official name of COVID-19 virus) on the other hand are well adapted to their reservoir, the bat, but not to humans, which explains why human infections are so damaging.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; disease; epidemic; human; sars; virus
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        item: #4884 of 5187
          id: cord-350242-4u1iyf0p
      author: Yaniv, K.
       title: City-level SARS-CoV-2 sewage surveillance
        date: 2020-10-21
       words: 2017
      flesch: 54
     summary: Using the linear equation, we calculated copy number of N1 gene in sewage samples reported in this study. Viral copy number per 1L was calculated using the N1 standard curve equation ( Figure S1 ).
    keywords: funder; medrxiv; perpetuity; preprint; sampling; sars
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        item: #4885 of 5187
          id: cord-350286-n7ylgqfu
      author: Giri, Rajanish
       title: When Darkness Becomes a Ray of Light in the Dark Times: Understanding the COVID-19 via the Comparative Analysis of the Dark Proteomes of SARS-CoV-2, Human SARS and Bat SARS-Like Coronaviruses
        date: 2020-04-03
       words: 15857
      flesch: 51
     summary: Evaluation of intrinsic disorder in non-structural proteins of Bat CoV. Table 7 : Predicted MoRF residues in Human SARS proteins. Supplementary Table 10 : Predicted nucleotide-binding residues in Human SARS proteins.
    keywords: analysis; bat cov; binding; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; disorder; domain; figure; human; mean; protein; regions; residues; rna; sars; sars cov; sequence; structure; syndrome; table; terminal; viral; viruses
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        item: #4886 of 5187
          id: cord-350309-j4oh1z8m
      author: Liu, D. X.
       title: Coronavirus envelope protein: A small membrane protein with multiple functions
        date: 2007-05-29
       words: 3406
      flesch: 42
     summary: Retention of the avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus envelope protein in the pre-Golgi compartments and physical interaction between the envelope and membrane proteins Differential maturation and subcellular localization of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus surface proteins Characterization of the coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus strain A59 small membrane protein E Biochemical evidence for the presence of mixed membrane topologies of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus envelope protein expressed in mammalian cells The transmembrane oligomers of coronavirus protein E Membrane topology of coronavirus E protein A highly unusual palindromic transmembrane helical hairpin formed by SARS coronavirus E protein SARS coronavirus E protein in phospholipid bilayers: an X-ray study Model of a putative pore: the pentameric alpha-helical bundle of SARS coronavirus E protein in lipid bilayers Coronavirus pseudoparticles formed with recombinant M and E proteins induce alpha interferon synthesis by leukocytes The production of recombinant infectious DI-particles of a murine coronavirus in the absence of helper virus Assembly of human severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-like particles Nucleocapsid-independent assembly of coronavirus-like particles by co-expression of viral envelope protein genes Release of coronavirus E protein in membrane vesicles from virusinfected cells and E protein-expressing cells Generation of synthetic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus pseudoparticles: implications for assembly and vaccine production The transmembrane domain of the infectious bronchitis virus E protein is required for efficient virus release Analysis of constructed E gene mutants of mouse hepatitis virus confirms a pivotal role for E protein in coronavirus assembly The small envelope protein E is not essential for murine coronavirus replication Role of the coronavirus E viroporin protein transmembrane domain in virus assembly Visions & Reflections (Minireview)
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; cov; e protein; membrane; mhv; protein; sars
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        item: #4887 of 5187
          id: cord-350317-a9qd3xdr
      author: Xu, Qiannan
       title: If skin is a potential host of SARS-CoV-2, IL-17 antibody could reduce the risk of COVID-19
        date: 2020-11-05
       words: 701
      flesch: 44
     summary: After IL-17 antibody treatment, the skin ACE2 expression was downregulated which meant IL-17 antibody could lower the risk of COVID-19 through lessening the cells which could interact with SARS-CoV-2. To evaluate the influence of IL-17 antibody on skin ACE2 expression, we randomly selected five psoriasis patients who were treated with IL-17 antibody (Taltz, Eli Lilly and Company).
    keywords: cov-2; skin
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        item: #4888 of 5187
          id: cord-350328-wu1ygt6w
      author: Tambyah, P. A.
       title: SARS: responding to an unknown virus
        date: 2004-07-14
       words: 4862
      flesch: 49
     summary: In our own hospital, the National University Hospital, the largest cluster of SARS cases occurred in one of our eight-bed wards [47] where patients are deliberately placed eight to a cubicle in order to support the philosophy of healthcare financing in Singapore. The Singapore experience [41] was that three flights with symptomatic SARS patients resulted in only one transmission.
    keywords: cases; individuals; infection; patients; sars; singapore; syndrome; transmission; virus
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        item: #4889 of 5187
          id: cord-350342-j4p8235a
      author: Brocato, Rebecca L.
       title: Disruption of Adaptive Immunity Enhances Disease in SARS-CoV-2-Infected Syrian Hamsters
        date: 2020-10-27
       words: 5290
      flesch: 44
     summary: RAG2 KO hamster infection with SARS-CoV-2 results in a lethal model. Disease was prolonged in transiently immunosuppressed hamsters and was uniformly lethal in RAG2 KO hamsters.
    keywords: animals; cov-2; cyp; disease; fig; hamsters; rag2; rna; sars; viral; virus; weight
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        item: #4890 of 5187
          id: cord-350352-wgppovfx
      author: Temmam, Sarah
       title: Absence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in cats and dogs in close contact with a cluster of COVID-19 patients in a veterinary campus
        date: 2020-08-29
       words: 2472
      flesch: 43
     summary: We investigated the presence of SARS-CoV-2 infection of domestic cats (n = 9) and dogs (n = 12) living in close contact with a cluster of French veterinary students, their owners (n = 18), whose median age was 23 years (21-28 years). Predicting species susceptibility to Covid-19 Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Domestic Cats SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing serum antibodies in cats: a serological investigation Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2-Specific Antibodies in Pets in Wuhan Serological survey of SARS-CoV-2 for experimental, domestic, companion and wild animals excludes intermediate hosts of 35 different species of animals SARS-CoV-2 Natural Transmission from Human to Cat First Reported Cases of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Companion Animals First detection and genome sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 in an infected cat in France Evidence of exposure to SARS-CoV-2 in cats and dogs from households in Italy Legend to Figure 1: LIPS assay targeting antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in domestic cats and dogs in close contact with a cluster of COVID-19 patients = 21); from pets sampled before the epidemic (pets pre-epidemic, n = 62) were tested for the presence of antibodies directed to S1 (left panel) and the C-term (residues 233-419) part of the SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein (right panel), using a luciferase immunoprecipitation system assay (LIPS).
    keywords: cats; cov-2; covid-19; dogs; sars
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        item: #4891 of 5187
          id: cord-350393-j80k2v21
      author: Chen, Liping
       title: Clinical characteristics in patients with SARS‐CoV‐2/HBV co‐infection
        date: 2020-07-15
       words: 1506
      flesch: 41
     summary: Huang reported SARS patients with HBV infection were more prone to develop higher degree of liver injury and severe hepatitis, however, the data of the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2/HBV co-infection in COVID-19 patients is still absent 9 . Taken into consideration that viral co-infection can exacerbate liver injury thus have a big impact on disease progression and outcome 11, 12 , we investigated the prevalence of HBV infection in COVID-19 patients and found that there was a comparable rate of SARS-CoV-2/HBV co-infection to that of general population (6.1% vs 6%).
    keywords: hbv; infection; liver; patients
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        item: #4892 of 5187
          id: cord-350401-suefuurq
      author: Lima-Setta, Fernanda
       title: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Brazil: a multicenter, prospective cohort study()()()
        date: 2020-11-09
       words: 3946
      flesch: 41
     summary: Peripheral immunophenotypes in children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection Pediatric critical care and COVID-19 Pediatric patients with COVID-19 admitted to intensive care units in Brazil: a prospective multicenter study Severe clinical spectrum with high mortality in pediatric patients with COVID-19 and multisystem inflammatory syndrome Multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with coronavirus disease in children: a multi-centered study in Belém Emergence of Kawasaki disease related to SARS-CoV-2 infection in an epicentre of the French COVID-19 epidemic: a time-series analysis Epidemiological and clinical features of Kawasaki disease in Spain over 5 years and risk factors for aneurysm development Considering how biological sex impacts immune responses and COVID-19 outcomes COVID-19: consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression Human leukocyte antigen susceptibility map for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Genomic diversity of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 Use of biomarkers in pediatric sepsis: literature review COVID-19, cytokines and immunosuppression: what can we learn from severe acute respiratory syndrome? [23] IL-6 appears to play an important role in severe adult patients with COVID-19, in whom the compassionate use of tocilizumab for pharmacologic inhibition of IL-6 has been described.
    keywords: children; covid-19; mis; patients; sars; study; syndrome
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        item: #4893 of 5187
          id: cord-350437-dq1il88y
      author: Reale, Maria Lucia
       title: SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Cancer Patients: A Picture of an Italian Onco-Covid Unit
        date: 2020-08-19
       words: 4183
      flesch: 42
     summary: This retrospective study aims to collect epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and therapeutic data from SARS-CoV-2 positive cancer patients hospitalized at the Onco-Covid unit in San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Italy, one of the few oncological wards for cancer patients with SARS-Cov-2 infection, in order to provide a deeper insight into the clinical evolution of infection in cancer patients, particularly in lung cancer patients. Cancer patients are one of the potentially most vulnerable cohorts of people, but data about their management are still few.
    keywords: cancer; covid-19; data; days; diagnosis; infection; patients; sars; treatment
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        item: #4894 of 5187
          id: cord-350451-lf27iuwk
      author: Benedetti, Francesca
       title: SARS‐CoV‐2: March toward adaptation
        date: 2020-07-11
       words: 1218
      flesch: 29
     summary: Why are RNA virus mutation rates so damn high? Viruses at the edge of adaptation Quasispecies theory in virology RNA virus mutations and fitness for survival -polymerases of coronaviruses: structure, function, and inhibitors. 9,10 Biological characterization of viral mutations provide precious insights for assessing viral drug resistance, immune escape, and pathogenesis-related mechanisms.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; rna; sars; syndrome
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        item: #4895 of 5187
          id: cord-350505-uh8r2vyz
      author: Kalantar-Zadeh, Kourosh
       title: Considering the Effects of Microbiome and Diet on SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Nanotechnology Roles
        date: 2020-05-01
       words: 2346
      flesch: 30
     summary: 5 Interestingly, these cohorts tend to have less diverse gut microbiomes. There are signs that may connect gut functionality and microbiome responses to SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: cov-2; gut; infection; microbiome; patients; sars
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        item: #4896 of 5187
          id: cord-350513-ho32ajsx
      author: Chen, Paul Chih‐Hsueh
       title: Re: To KF, Tong JH, Chan PK, et al. Tissue and cellular tropism of the coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome: an in‐situ hybridization study of fatal cases. J Pathol 2004; 202: 157–163
        date: 2004-05-07
       words: 1101
      flesch: 44
     summary: On the basis of our findings, we believe that some, if not all, positive cells are of the histiophagocytic lineage. Although the underlying mechanism of the 'cytokine storm' has not been clarified, such a hypothesis fits our observation that cells of the histiophagocytic lineage are another carrier of SARS-CoV.
    keywords: cells; macrophages; sars
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        item: #4897 of 5187
          id: cord-350557-7i7122zi
      author: Rawlings, Stephen A
       title: No Evidence of SARS-CoV-2 Seminal Shedding Despite SARS-CoV-2 Persistence in the Upper Respiratory Tract
        date: 2020-08-07
       words: 1756
      flesch: 49
     summary: All 6 semen samples were negative for SARS CoV-2 (≤0.03 copies/µL), while SARS-CoV-2 was still detected in all saliva samples (6 participants) and all research nasal swabs (3 participants). Paired saliva and semen samples were collected a mean of 12 days (6-17 days) after the onset of symptoms, and ddPCR was performed to quantify the SARS-CoV-2 level in all samples.
    keywords: rna; samples; sars; semen; symptoms
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        item: #4898 of 5187
          id: cord-350618-rtilfnzi
      author: Lambelet, Valentine
       title: Sars‐CoV‐2 in the context of past coronaviruses epidemics: Consideration for prenatal care
        date: 2020-05-26
       words: 7296
      flesch: 45
     summary: Regarding fetal growth surveillance, RCOG recommends an antenatal ultrasound fourteen days after acute illness resolution for hospitalized patients, while ACOG suggests a 3 rd trimester ultrasound for COVID-19 pregnant women infected in 2 nd and 3 rd trimester. For COVID‐19 infection, only 9 cases of maternal death have been reported as of April 22, 2020 and pregnant women seem to develop the same clinical presentation as the general population.
    keywords: article; cases; clinical; copyright; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; fetal; infection; outcomes; patients; pregnancy; rights; sars; women
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        item: #4899 of 5187
          id: cord-350622-8tgxdbyi
      author: Palit, Partha
       title: Phytopharmaceuticals mediated Furin and TMPRSS2 receptor blocking: can it be a potential therapeutic option for Covid-19?
        date: 2020-10-28
       words: 5090
      flesch: 24
     summary: The receptor-binding domain (RBD) of S-protein after cleavage mediating processing, followed by activation, is responsible for binding with ACE2; while the interaction of S-protein with host cell ACE2 receptor helps the virus to invade the host cell (Li et al., 2005) . It has been found that Furin and TMPRSS2 could play a significant role for efficient attachment of cleaved S-protein with host cell ACE2 receptor via activation, priming, and fusion, followed by endosomal internalization to establish pathogenicity through replication, growth, and spread of the infecting virus to another organ's cell.
    keywords: ace2; anti; cell; covid-19; drug; et al; host; infection; receptor; sars; virus
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        item: #4900 of 5187
          id: cord-350627-4pgish5x
      author: Zhao, Yu
       title: Single-cell RNA expression profiling of ACE2,thereceptor of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-01-26
       words: 1879
      flesch: 52
     summary: We used FindClusters in Seurat to identify cell clusters for each author/funder. Identification of cell clusters was performed on the final aligned object guided by marker genes.
    keywords: ace2; cells; expression; preprint; receptor
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        item: #4901 of 5187
          id: cord-350679-69lv4wbz
      author: Shinde, Rajesh S.
       title: To Do or Not to Do?—A Review of Cancer Surgery Triage Guidelines in COVID-19 Pandemic
        date: 2020-05-11
       words: 3480
      flesch: 38
     summary: Deferring cancer surgeries for this long period may have a direct impact on the long-term outcomes of cancer patients. Due to overall rising cancer incidence and specific concerns, a cohort of cancer patients forms a distinct subset of the population in whom a correct and timely treatment has a huge impact on the outcome.
    keywords: cancer; cov-2; covid-19; disease; pandemic; patients; sars; surgeries; surgery; treatment
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        item: #4902 of 5187
          id: cord-350686-q2bu7o4i
      author: Bilder, Christopher R
       title: Pool size selection when testing for SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-06-16
       words: 540
      flesch: 63
     summary: In general, the probability of a negative pool ( ) is given by = (1 -) for a prevalence ( ) and pool size ( ) [5] . Similar inefficiencies occur as well when selecting pool sizes that are too small.
    keywords: pool; testing
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        item: #4903 of 5187
          id: cord-350733-0zghspb8
      author: Aronson, Jeffrey K.
       title: The use of mechanistic reasoning in assessing coronavirus interventions
        date: 2020-07-15
       words: 4463
      flesch: 35
     summary: To explore examples of the importance of mechanistic evidence to coronavirus research. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: (a) Assessment of combination therapy for MERS highlights the need for systematic assessment of mechanistic evidence.
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; evidence; interventions; mechanism; mers; sars; studies; treatment
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        item: #4904 of 5187
          id: cord-350737-nrtrhq1f
      author: Chen, Xinchun
       title: Serology of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome: Implications for Surveillance and Outcome
        date: 2004-04-01
       words: 3484
      flesch: 42
     summary: A virus from the family Coronaviridae, termed SARS coronavirus (SARS CoV), has been identified as the cause [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] , and criteria for laboratory confirmation of SARS CoV infection have been provided by WHO, on the basis of the following methods: (1) detection of SARS CoV RNA by reversetranscription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR); (2) serological detection of SARS CoV-related antibody; and (3) isolation of SARS CoV by cell culture [4] . Of 48 patients with suspected SARS CoV infection, 3 (6.3%) were positive for IgG antibody to SARS CoV and 2 (4.2%) were positive for IgM antibody to SARS CoV. SARS CoV sequence published by GenBank (accession numbers gi29826276, gi30027610, and gi30027610).
    keywords: antibody; cov; igg; infection; patients; sars
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        item: #4905 of 5187
          id: cord-350753-qbm145tr
      author: Krüttgen, Alexander
       title: Determination of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies with assays from Diasorin, Roche and IDvet
        date: 2020-09-23
       words: 1831
      flesch: 39
     summary: Comparison of commercial methods of immunoblot, ELISA, and chemiluminescent immunoassay for detecting type-specific herpes simplex viruses-1 and -2 IgG Ad hoc laboratory-based surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 by real-time RT-PCR using minipools of RNA prepared from routine respiratory samples Comparison of four new commercial serologic assays for determination of SARS-CoV-2 IgG Will antibody tests for the coronavirus really change everything? Serological assays for emerging coronaviruses: challenges and pitfalls Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2-Specific Antibody First antibody surveys draw fire for quality, bias A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China key: cord-350753-qbm145tr authors: Krüttgen, Alexander; Cornelissen, Christian G.; Dreher, Michael; Hornef, Mathias W.; Imöhl, Matthias; Kleines, Michael title: Determination of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies with assays from Diasorin, Roche and IDvet date: 2020-09-23 journal: J Virol Methods DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2020.113978 sha: doc_id: 350753 cord_uid: qbm145tr There is an ongoing need for highly reliable serological assays to detect individuals with past SARS-CoV-2 infection.
    keywords: assays; cov-2; sars; sensitivity
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        item: #4906 of 5187
          id: cord-350817-tmszrtju
      author: Hoepel, Willianne
       title: Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG from severely ill COVID-19 patients promotes macrophage hyper-inflammatory responses
        date: 2020-07-13
       words: 5645
      flesch: 39
     summary: Moreover, the hyper-inflammatory response induced by anti-Spike IgG can be specifically counteracted in vitro by use of the active component of fostamatinib, an FDA- and EMA-approved therapeutic small molecule inhibitor of Syk. Combined, these data hint towards the involvement of anti-Spike IgG in severe cases of COVID-19.
    keywords: anti; antibodies; cells; covid-19; cytokine; figure; human; igg; macrophages; patients; polyic; production; sars; serum; spike
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        item: #4907 of 5187
          id: cord-350821-0qfoc553
      author: Jahromi, Reza
       title: Synergistic effects of anionic surfactants on coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) virucidal efficiency of sanitizing fluids to fight COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-01
       words: 1944
      flesch: 41
     summary: Evaporation time increased by 17-63% when surfactant agents were added to the liquid. The surrounding environment was isolated to eliminate possible air convection, and the room temperature was maintained at ~27 ºC. The exact amount of evaporation time was recorded for each sprayed liquid.
    keywords: coronavirus; evaporation; liquid; solution; time; virucidal
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        item: #4908 of 5187
          id: cord-350855-gofzhff7
      author: Hou, Yixuan J.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 Reverse Genetics Reveals a Variable Infection Gradient in the Respiratory Tract
        date: 2020-05-27
       words: 3432
      flesch: 17
     summary: The oral-lung axis: the impact of oral health on lung health Pharmacological rescue of 1319 conditionally reprogrammed cystic fibrosis bronchial epithelial cells Chronic e-cigarette exposure 1323 alters the human bronchial epithelial proteome Quantitative aspiration during sleep 1326 in normal subjects Stabilization of a full-length infectious cDNA clone of transmissible gastroenteritis 1329 coronavirus by insertion of an intron The 1332 species Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus: classifying 2019-nCoV 1333 and naming it SARS-CoV-2 Comorbidity and its impact on 1590 patients 1336 with Covid-19 in China: a nationwide analysis SARS-CoV-2 cell 1340 entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease 1341 inhibitor Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Pharyngeal aspiration in 1346 normal adults and patients with depressed consciousness Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 protects from severe 1349 acute lung failure The proteolytic regulation of virus cell entry by furin and other 1351 proprotein convertases Pulmonary angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and inflammatory 1353 lung disease Influenza A virus infection causes chronic lung disease linked to sites of active 1356 viral RNA remnants Nrf2 expression modifies 1358 influenza A entry and replication in nasal epithelial cells. RNA/cytospin 369 detected ~20% of upper respiratory cells expressing ACE2 vs ~4% for scRNAseq 370 ( Figure 4F ).
    keywords: ace2; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; expression; figure; human; infection; lung; nasal; sars; virus
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        item: #4909 of 5187
          id: cord-350903-nwagvvc5
      author: Softic, Laurent
       title: Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 Infection by the Cyclophilin Inhibitor Alisporivir (Debio 025)
        date: 2020-06-23
       words: 1401
      flesch: 38
     summary: Human coronavirus NL63 replication is cyclophilin A-dependent and inhibited by non-immunosuppressive cyclosporine A-derivatives including alisporivir Function of HAb18G/CD147 in invasion of host cells by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Cyclophilins and cyclophilin inhibitors in nidovirus replication Nucleocapsid protein of SARS coronavirus tightly binds to human cyclophilin A The SARS-coronavirus-host interactome: identification of cyclophilins as target for pan-coronavirus inhibitors Feline coronavirus replication is affected by both cyclophilin A and cyclophilin B Genetic deficiency and polymorphisms of cyclophilin This new virus was called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) because of its genetic proximity to SARS-CoV.
    keywords: alisporivir; coronavirus; cov-2; sars
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        item: #4910 of 5187
          id: cord-350904-wyg8ikph
      author: Gubernatorova, E.O.
       title: IL-6: relevance for immunopathology of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-05-20
       words: 8333
      flesch: 28
     summary: COVID-19 patients also show significant changes in coagulative status (i.e. low platelet count, increased D-dimer, fibrinogen levels) and dysfunction of microvessels in pulmonary circulation [82, 83] , thus, thrombosis of the pulmonary capillaries is believed to contribute to rapidly developing hypoxia. In line with this, recent studies have reported that COVID-19 patients have increased Angiotensin II compared to healthy individuals [103] .
    keywords: ace2; acute; angiotensin; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; cytokine; disease; expression; il-6; immune; infection; lung; patients; receptor; sars; syndrome; virus
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        item: #4911 of 5187
          id: cord-350925-1h6pbfwp
      author: da Silva, Priscilla Gomes
       title: Airborne spread of infectious SARS-CoV-2: moving forward using lessons from SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV
        date: 2020-10-08
       words: 5222
      flesch: 28
     summary: Among the reviewed literature, only a few papers explored viral viability in air samples (Agranovski et al., 2004; Binder et al., 2020; Booth et al., 2005; Kim et al., 2016; Lednicky et al., 2020; Lednicky et al., 2020a; Pyankov et al., 2018; Santarpia et al., 2020; van Doremalen et al., 2013 van Doremalen et al., , 2020 Xiao et al., 2004) . Currently, there is still debate about whether or not SARS-CoV-2 is transmitted through aerosols produced by infected people during talking, singing sneezing, coughing and breathing, and further studies regarding this route of transmission are needed in order To explore the feasibility of a new personal bioaerosol sampler for monitoring of viable airborne SARS virus.
    keywords: air; cov; cov-2; et al; humidity; mers; sars; transmission; viral; virus; viruses
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        item: #4912 of 5187
          id: cord-350935-p6euuop3
      author: Doğan, Tunca
       title: CROssBAR: Comprehensive Resource of Biomedical Relations with Deep Learning Applications and Knowledge Graph Representations
        date: 2020-09-15
       words: 7070
      flesch: 40
     summary: In CROssBAR knowledge graphs (CROssBAR-KG), biological components/terms (i.e., drugs/compounds, genes/proteins, bio-processes/pathways, phenotypes/diseases) are represented as nodes, and their known or predicted pairwise relationships are annotated as edges (a protein and its coding gene is treated as one merged term/entry/node). Currently, CROssBAR knowledge graphs do not include PubChem data due to both elevated computational demand (the sizes of PubChem collections are large) and high redundancy (a large portion of bioactivity data points in PubChem and ChEMBL databases are shared).
    keywords: biomedical; compound; covid-19; crossbar; data; database; disease; genes; graph; knowledge; nodes; proteins; terms
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        item: #4913 of 5187
          id: cord-350949-ystkjdwk
      author: Gao, Yi-jie
       title: Clinical features and outcomes of pregnant women with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis
        date: 2020-08-03
       words: 4524
      flesch: 48
     summary: The incidences of fever, cough and positive CT findings in pregnant women with COVID-19 are less than those in the normal population with COVID-19, but the rate of preterm labor is higher among pregnant with COVID-19 than among normal pregnant women. The rate of preterm labor in normal pregnant women worldwide who are healthy and not infected with any virus is lower than that in pregnant women with COVID-19.
    keywords: analysis; clinical; cov-2; covid-19; patients; sars; women
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        item: #4914 of 5187
          id: cord-350957-10wcqgaq
      author: Shen, Zu T.
       title: SARS Coronavirus Fusion Peptide-Derived Sequence Suppresses Collagen-Induced Arthritis in DBA/1J Mice
        date: 2016-06-28
       words: 5620
      flesch: 41
     summary: From mechanistic understanding to novel therapies New therapeutic strategies targeting transmembrane signal transduction in the immune system Viral pathogenesis, modulation of immune receptor signaling and treatment Viral modulation of T-cell receptor signaling Identification of the fusion peptide of primate immunodeficiency viruses Detection of a fusion peptide sequence in the transmembrane protein of human immunodeficiency virus The potential of liposomal drug delivery for the treatment of inflammatory arthritis Peptides in the treatment of inflammatory skin disease T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) transmembrane peptides: A new paradigm for the treatment of autoimmune diseases Therapeutic application of T cell receptor mimic peptides or cDNA in the treatment of T cell-mediated skin diseases Signaling chain homooligomerization (SCHOOL) model Reconstitution of high-density lipoproteins Diagnostic Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E Knockout Mouse Model Using Macrophage-Targeted Gadolinium-Containing Synthetic Lipopeptide Nanoparticles Nature-inspired nanoformulations for contrast-enhanced in vivo MR imaging of macrophages The pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis Cyclization enhances function of linear anti-arthritic peptides Immune suppressive activity of the influenza fusion peptide Novel mechanistic concept of platelet inhibition We are grateful to Bolder BioPATH for animal experiments. This family includes T cell receptor (TCR) that is critically involved in immune diseases such as autoimmune arthritis.
    keywords: activity; arthritis; cell; cov; day; mg11; mice; peptide; sars; tcr
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        item: #4915 of 5187
          id: cord-350959-bsbz3a1l
      author: Dovey, Zachary
       title: Impact of COVID-19 on Prostate Cancer Management: Guidelines for Urologists
        date: 2020-06-16
       words: 5087
      flesch: 43
     summary: Cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, including taxanes, have been shown to have an increased risk of viral infections, specifically influenza, which may worsen their morbidity and mortality as a result of immunosuppression caused by the chemotherapy itself Aerosl and surface stability of HCov-19 (SARS-CoV-2) compared to SARS-CoV-2 Modeling the epidemic dynamics and control of COVID-19 Epidemiology Working Group for NCIP Epidemic Response, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Italy Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study Sex difference and smoking predisposition in patients with COVID Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Single-cell RNA-seq data analysis on the receptor ACE2 expression reveals the potential risk of different human organs vulnerable to 2019-nCoV infection The novel coronavirus 2019 epidemic and kidneys Kidney impairment is associated with in-hospital death of COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: cancer; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; pandemic; patients; pca; prostate; risk; sars; treatment
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        item: #4916 of 5187
          id: cord-350972-0n4dumgg
      author: Sing, Chor-Wing
       title: Long-term outcome of short-course high-dose glucocorticoids for SARS: a 17-year follow-up in SARS survivors
        date: 2020-07-16
       words: 1793
      flesch: 52
     summary: The association between high-dose glucocorticoids and AVN in SARS patients has been reported. To understand the long-term consequences of VHD glucocorticoids, we studied the clinical outcomes of SARS survivors after 17 years.
    keywords: glucocorticoids; patients; sars; study; use
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        item: #4917 of 5187
          id: cord-350990-tywbe4o2
      author: Checchi, Vittorio
       title: COVID‐19 dentistry‐related aspects: a literature overview
        date: 2020-07-05
       words: 3725
      flesch: 36
     summary: Therefore, dental procedures can be considered as one of the most probable causes of Sars-CoV-2 infection because such procedures require close proximity to the patient's mouth, possess a risk of contact with saliva, blood and other biological fluids and involve the use of instrumentation that creates large aerosols 4, 19, 20 . In dental procedures, the mask should be considered as disposable and the mean surgical period does not exceed 2 hours; therefore, it is suggested to use a mask with the highest filtration efficacy without a valve, or a valved mask covered by a surgical mask.
    keywords: air; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; filtration; infection; mask; patients; protection; sars
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        item: #4918 of 5187
          id: cord-350992-l6l24pco
      author: Roldan, Eugenia Quiros
       title: The possible mechanisms of action of 4-aminoquinolines (chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine) against Sars-Cov-2 infection (COVID-19): A role for iron homeostasis?
        date: 2020-05-13
       words: 8052
      flesch: 35
     summary: As stated above, CQ/HCQ not only interfere with cellular iron inducing its starvation in alveolar macrophages [122, 123] , then possibly resulting in a switch to M2 antiinflammatory state, but also inhibit IL-6, IL-1 and TNF- release, possibly reducing local HAMP release by macrophages. Then CQ/HCQ could also inhibit iron release from endosomes into the cytosol.
    keywords: action; activation; cells; chloroquine; cov-2; covid-19; drugs; effect; hcq; hydroxychloroquine; infection; iron; macrophages; patients; release; sars; treatment
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        item: #4919 of 5187
          id: cord-351002-msjurww1
      author: Ouanes, Y.
       title: Does BCG protect against SARS-CoV-2 infection ?: elements of proof.
        date: 2020-05-06
       words: 2998
      flesch: 48
     summary: Results : Countries that never had universal BCG vaccination policy have a higher mortality (correlated to performed diagnostic tests) attributed to SARS-CoV-2 infection (p<0.001). Countries that never had universal BCG vaccination policy have a higher mortality (correlated to performed diagnostic tests) attributed to SARS-CoV-2 infection (p<0.001).
    keywords: bcg; countries; preprint; vaccination
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        item: #4920 of 5187
          id: cord-351011-v4zmksio
      author: Golden, Joseph W.
       title: Human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 transgenic mice infected with SARS-CoV-2 develop severe and fatal respiratory disease
        date: 2020-07-09
       words: 4705
      flesch: 45
     summary: Transcriptomic profiling in mouse lungs indicated that female mice that succumbed to disease had modestly lower levels of IL-6, CXCl-2 and IL-1RA 315 suggesting a less intense inflammatory response. Other recently reported SARS-CoV-2 murine models involved transduction of mouse lungs with 260 a replication-incompetent Adenovirus virus or an adeno associated virus (AAV) encoding the hACE2 gene (35, 36) .
    keywords: cells; cov-2; disease; fig; hace2; infection; k18; lung; mice; sars
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        item: #4921 of 5187
          id: cord-351028-p5cq2is5
      author: Yang, Jia-Wei
       title: Corticosteroid administration for viral pneumonia: COVID-19 and beyond
        date: 2020-06-27
       words: 1062
      flesch: 26
     summary: Observational studies showed that corticosteroid treatment was associated with increased mortality and nosocomial infections for influenza and delay virus clearance for SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. Limited data on corticosteroid therapy for COVID-19 were reported. Compared with non-severe patients, severe patients were more likely to receive corticosteroid therapy (201/382, 52.6% vs 201/1310, 15.3%).
    keywords: corticosteroid; covid-19; patients; therapy
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        item: #4922 of 5187
          id: cord-351031-e8suoeim
      author: Liang En Ian, Wee
       title: Containing COVID-19 outside the isolation ward: the impact of an infection control bundle on environmental contamination and transmission in a cohorted general ward
        date: 2020-06-26
       words: 4139
      flesch: 38
     summary: The details of COVID-19 patients detected in the RSW, as well as the numbers of patient and staff closecontacts, are provided in Table 1 Uniquely, our study provided the opportunity to investigate the extent of environmental contamination in COVID-19 patients housed in a general ward setting, early on at the point of initial admission; although this was modified by the effects of our infection control bundle.
    keywords: cases; close; contacts; covid-19; general; patients; transmission
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        item: #4923 of 5187
          id: cord-351038-k2m6woow
      author: Arun Krishnan, R.
       title: COVID-19: Current Trends in Invitro Diagnostics
        date: 2020-06-27
       words: 2901
      flesch: 44
     summary: In vitro diagnostic assays for COVID-19: recent advances and emerging trends Laboratory testing for 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-Ncov) in suspected human cases Real-time RT-PCR in COVID-19 detection: issues affecting the results Viral load kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 infection in first two patients in Korea Loop-mediated isothermal amplification of DNA Comparison of realtime PCR, reverse transcriptase real-time PCR, loop-mediated isothermal amplification, and the FDA conventional microbiological method for the detection of Salmonella spp. In case of antibody detection assay, both IgG and IgM antibodies against the COVID-19 are the target analytes where IgM appears in blood within a week of time and IgG expression will take more than 10 days.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; detection; pcr; protein; sars; test
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        item: #4924 of 5187
          id: cord-351092-b01o6f69
      author: De Francesco, Maria A.
       title: Pneumocystis jirevocii and SARS-CoV-2 Co-Infection: A Common Feature in Transplant Recipients?
        date: 2020-09-18
       words: 2233
      flesch: 28
     summary: In Roles of Host Gene and Non-Coding RNA Expression in Virus Infection Full spectrum of COVID-19 severity still being depicted Association of radiologic findings with mortality of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China Understanding of COVID-19 based on current evidence Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: A retrospective cohort study Bacterial and fungal infections in COVID-19 patients: A matter of concern Trained immunity: A tool for reducing susceptibility to and severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection Clinical characteristics of 82 cases of death from COVID-19 Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: A descriptive study Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome HOPS Investigators. In this reported case, the patient was an 83-year-old female non-smoker, who did not have an underlying immunodeficiency nor any classical risk for Pneumocystis infection.
    keywords: covid-19; infection; jirevocii; patients; pneumocystis; pneumonia; sars
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        item: #4925 of 5187
          id: cord-351100-llyl97ry
      author: Cariani, Lisa
       title: Time Length of Negativization and Cycle Threshold Values in 182 Healthcare Workers with Covid-19 in Milan, Italy: An Observational Cohort Study
        date: 2020-07-23
       words: 3255
      flesch: 48
     summary: Additionally, we were able to consider healed, just over 30% of positive HCWs with respect to the period of study. Asymptomatic HCWs were 17.6% (32/182), and 58 healed at 30 April 2020.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; hcws; negative; pcr; sars
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        item: #4926 of 5187
          id: cord-351107-a5bx74ao
      author: Phua, Ghee-Chee
       title: Mechanical Ventilation in an Airborne Epidemic
        date: 2008-06-30
       words: 2986
      flesch: 37
     summary: The number of infected health care workers dropped dramatically after infection control measures were put in place, such as isolation of infected patients, use of personal protective equipment (PPE) for health care workers, and strict hand-hygiene for all [25] . Ventilation with lower tidal volumes as compared with traditional tidal volumes for acute lung injury and the acute respiratory distress syndrome Lower tidal volume ventilation and plasma cytokine markers of inflammation in patients with acute lung injury Avian Influenza (H5N1): implications for intensive care Surviving sepsis campaign for management of severe sepsis and septic shock The critically-ill avian influenza A (H5N1) patient Transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome during intubation and mechanical ventilation Effectiveness of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation in the treatment of acute respiratory failure in severe acute respiratory syndrome A retrospective study of 78 patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Noninvasive positivepressure ventilation: an experimental model to assess air and particle dispersion Treatment of acute hypoxemic nonhypercapnic respiratory insufficiency with continuous positive airway pressure delivered by a face mask: a randomized controlled trial SARS: one year later Avian Influenza, including influenza A (H5N1), in humans: WHO interim infection control guidelines for health care facilities Interim recommendations for infection control in health care facilities caring for patients with known or suspected avian influenza Intubation of SARS patients: infection and perspectives of healthcare workers influenza: the mother of all pandemics Available at: www.stanford.edu/group/virus/uda Expanding ICU facilities in an epidemic: recommendations based on experience from the SARS epidemic in Hong Kong and Singapore Augmentation of hospital critical care capacity after bioterrorist attack or epidemics: recommendations of the Working Group on Emergency Mass Critical Care Mass casualty respiratory failure Development of a triage protocol for critical care during an influenza pandemic Pandemic influenza preparedness: an ethical framework to guide decision-making
    keywords: acute; care; health; influenza; patients; sars; ventilation
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        item: #4927 of 5187
          id: cord-351115-dy81dtnk
      author: Wang, Chen
       title: Identification of evolutionarily stable sites across the SARS-CoV-2 proteome
        date: 2020-10-20
       words: 6145
      flesch: 39
     summary: Overall, these results show that predicted ET drug sites can recover experimentally tested drug binding pockets and suggest new sites that can be targeted in computational docking approaches. In addition, because these sites are conserved across multiple coronavirus genera, these predicted ET drug sites are anticipated to be relevant for identifying inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 as well as more distantly related coronaviruses.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; cross; drug; epitopes; information; protein; rankings; sars; sequence; sites; structure
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        item: #4928 of 5187
          id: cord-351116-jwy6k0ih
      author: O'Reilly, GM
       title: Epidemiology and clinical features of emergency department patients with suspected and confirmed COVID‐19: A multisite report from the COVED Quality Improvement Project for July 2020 (COVED‐3)
        date: 2020-09-21
       words: 3599
      flesch: 43
     summary: In this prospective multi‐site study from July 2020, a substantial proportion of ED patients required SARS‐CoV‐2 testing, isolation and enhanced infection prevention and control precautions. Although the clinical features of COVID-19 are well described, relatively little has been published about the characteristics of ED patients who undergo testing for SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: covid-19; data; hospital; patients; sars; study; test
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        item: #4929 of 5187
          id: cord-351169-y91fdf66
      author: Phillips, Lia
       title: Successful management of SARS-CoV-2 acute respiratory distress syndrome and newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia
        date: 2020-09-14
       words: 1739
      flesch: 28
     summary: Considerations for Certain Concomitant Medications in Patients with COVID-19 Risk factors associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome and death in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia in Wuhan, China Clinical evidence does not support corticosteroid treatment for 2019-nCoV lung injury Infectious Diseases Society of America guidelines on the treatment and management of patients with COVID-19 Interim clinical guidance for management of patients with confirmed coronavirus disease (COVID-19 Surviving Sepsis Campaign: International Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock: 2016 Dexamethasone in hospitalized patients with Covid-19 -preliminary report Although recommendations are emerging for the general management of oncology patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), 1,2 there is little experience in patients with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; infection; patients; sars; therapy
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        item: #4930 of 5187
          id: cord-351189-56am76lb
      author: Rosen, Melissa H
       title: Management of Acute Severe Ulcerative Colitis in a Pregnant Woman With COVID-19 Infection: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
        date: 2020-05-12
       words: 2376
      flesch: 42
     summary: Optimal management of immunosuppression in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients with COVID-19 infection currently is based on expert opinion, given the novelty of the infection and the corresponding lack of high-level evidence in patients with immune-mediated conditions. Optimal management of immunosuppression in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients with COVID-19 infection currently is based on expert opinion, given the novelty of the infection and the corresponding lack of high-level evidence in patients with immune-mediated conditions.
    keywords: covid-19; cyclosporine; disease; patients; pregnancy; sars
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        item: #4931 of 5187
          id: cord-351218-ei8dyxfg
      author: Charles Bronson, Stephen
       title: Letter to the Editor in response to the article “Lack of type 1 diabetes involvement in the SARS-CoV-2 population: Only a particular coincidence?
        date: 2020-07-03
       words: 550
      flesch: 42
     summary: The authors have pointed towards an apparent lack of involvement of type 1 diabetes patients in the COVID-19 patients' population in the data from three studies. [6] The causative role of viruses in T1D diabetes is a well-supported hypothesis.
    keywords: covid-19; diabetes
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        item: #4932 of 5187
          id: cord-351224-jeedo5mc
      author: GeurtsvanKessel, Corine H.
       title: An evaluation of COVID-19 serological assays informs future diagnostics and exposure assessment
        date: 2020-07-06
       words: 3049
      flesch: 40
     summary: key: cord-351224-jeedo5mc authors: GeurtsvanKessel, Corine H.; Okba, Nisreen M. A.; Igloi, Zsofia; Bogers, Susanne; Embregts, Carmen W. E.; Laksono, Brigitta M.; Leijten, Lonneke; Rokx, Casper; Rijnders, Bart; Rahamat-Langendoen, Janette; van den Akker, Johannes P. C.; van Kampen, Jeroen J. A.; van der Eijk, Annemiek A.; van Binnendijk, Rob S.; Haagmans, Bart; Koopmans, Marion title: An evaluation of COVID-19 serological assays informs future diagnostics and exposure assessment date: 2020-07-06 journal: The Wantai ELISA detecting total immunoglobulins against the receptor binding domain of SARS CoV-2, has the best overall characteristics to detect functional antibodies in different stages and severity of disease, including the potential to set a cut-off indicating the presence of protective antibodies.
    keywords: antibodies; antibody; assays; covid-19; disease; patients; population; sars; testing
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        item: #4933 of 5187
          id: cord-351225-dq0xu85c
      author: Poutanen, Susan M.
       title: Transmission and control of SARS
        date: 2004
       words: 5588
      flesch: 42
     summary: Respiratory droplet and direct contact are the primary modes of SARS transmission. This is a case-control study of 72 hospital workers with SARS and 144 matched controls assessing risk factors for transmission of SARS in Hong Kong Guideline for isolation precautions in hospitals Transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome on aircraft Possible SARS coronavirus transmission during cardiopulmonary resuscitation Cluster of severe acute respiratory syndrome cases among protected health-care workers Transmission dynamics and control of severe acute respiratory syndrome Transmission dynamics of the etiological agent of SARS in Hong Kong: impact of public health interventions Lack of SARS transmission among healthcare workers, United States Lack of SARS transmission among public hospital workers SARS infection among health care workers in Beijing, China Healthcare worker seroconversion in SARS outbreak Secondary household transmission of SARS Introduction of SARS in France SARS transmission, risk factors, and prevention in Hong Kong Investigation of a nosocomial outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Toronto, Canada This is a description of the risks associated with four superspreading SARS events occurring in Beijing Epidemiology and cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Guangdong, People's Republic of China Severe acute respiratory syndrome Combining clinical and epidemiologic features for early recognition of SARS
    keywords: care; control; cov; health; outbreak; patients; risk; sars; transmission
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        item: #4934 of 5187
          id: cord-351269-xjy6chia
      author: Wu, Y
       title: Coronavirus disease 2019 among pregnant Chinese women: case series data on the safety of vaginal birth and breastfeeding
        date: 2020-05-26
       words: 3523
      flesch: 46
     summary: TWEETABLE ABSTRACT: New evidence for the safety of vaginal delivery and breastfeeding in pregnant women infected with SARS‐CoV‐2, positive viral result in a breast‐milk sample. Vertical transmission is a key concern for pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
    keywords: breast; cov-2; infection; pregnancy; sars; study; transmission; women
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        item: #4935 of 5187
          id: cord-351278-nm2bq717
      author: Thompson, Craig
       title: Neutralising antibodies to SARS coronavirus 2 in Scottish blood donors - a pilot study of the value of serology to determine population exposure
        date: 2020-04-17
       words: 2999
      flesch: 50
     summary: key: cord-351278-nm2bq717 authors: Thompson, Craig; Grayson, Nicholas; Paton, Robert; Lourenço, José; Penman, Bridget; Lee, Lian Ni; Odon, Valerie; Mongkolsapaya, Juthathip; Chinnakannan, Senthil; Dejnirattisai, Wanwisa; Edmans, Matthew; Fyfe, Alexander; Imlach, Carol; Kooblall, Kreepa; Lim, Nicholas; Liu, Chang; Lopez-Camacho, Cesar; McInally, Carol-Anne; Ramamurthy, Narayan; Ratcliff, Jeremy; Supasa, Piyada; Wang, Beibei; Mentzer, Alexander J; Turner, Marc; Semple, Calum; Baillie, John Kenneth; Harvala, Heli; Screaton, Gavin; Temperton, Nigel; Klenerman, Paul; Jarvis, Lisa; Gupta, Sunetra; Simmonds, Peter title: Neutralising antibodies to SARS coronavirus 2 in Scottish blood donors - a pilot study of the value of serology to determine population exposure date: 2020-04-17 journal: nan DOI: 10.1101/2020.04.13.20060467 sha: doc_id: 351278 cord_uid: nm2bq717 Background. The extent of spread of SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in the UK and elsewhere is unknown because typically only symptomatic individuals are diagnosed.
    keywords: author; cov-2; funder; license; medrxiv; perpetuity; preprint; sars
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        item: #4936 of 5187
          id: cord-351283-1y9dfobn
      author: Tan, Bai‐Hong
       title: The possible impairment of respiratory‐related neural loops may be associated with the silent pneumonia induced by SARS‐CoV‐2
        date: 2020-06-11
       words: 1364
      flesch: 29
     summary: The available clinical data show that COVID-19 patients, whether mild or severe, all showed bilateral distribution of patchy shadows or ground glass opacity 1, 2 . Although chest CT has revealed striking abnormalities in the lungs of COVID-19 patients, most of them showed only mild flu-like symptoms 1 Several researchers also noticed that despite severe hypoxemia, the mechanical characteristics of the lungs were relatively well preserved in the severe COVID-19 patients, which is rarely seen in other forms of acute respiratory distress syndrome.
    keywords: covid-19; patients; pneumonia
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        item: #4937 of 5187
          id: cord-351305-6vtv2xuh
      author: Schramm, Markus A.
       title: COVID-19 in a Severely Immunosuppressed Patient With Life-Threatening Eosinophilic Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis
        date: 2020-08-28
       words: 1264
      flesch: 29
     summary: American College of Rheumatology Guidance for the Management of Adult Patients with Rheumatic Disease During the COVID-19 Pandemic Temporal dynamics in viral shedding and transmissibility of COVID-19 Virological assessment of hospitalized patients with COVID-2019 Long-term coexistence of SARS-CoV-2 with antibody response in COVID-19 patients The potential danger of suboptimal antibody responses in COVID-19 Anti-spike IgG causes severe acute lung injury by skewing macrophage responses during acute SARS-CoV infection This work was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG): TRR 130, project 12 to RV. Front Immunol DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.02086 sha: doc_id: 351305 cord_uid: 6vtv2xuh Immunosuppressive therapies increase the susceptibility of patients to infections.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; patient; sars
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        item: #4938 of 5187
          id: cord-351314-atsuh8e2
      author: Bryson-Cahn, Chloe
       title: A Novel Approach for a Novel Pathogen: using a home assessment team to evaluate patients for 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2)
        date: 2020-03-12
       words: 1259
      flesch: 37
     summary: Given concerns with healthcare exposures and healthcare-associated outbreaks with SARS-CoV-2, as well as historical experiences with SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV transmission in healthcare settings, minimizing the exposure risk to clinics, emergency departments, and hospitals is crucial. In a clinically stable patient with mild symptoms, alternative methods for special pathogen evaluation/testing are vital to preserve healthcare resources and prevent unnecessary exposures.
    keywords: cov-2; healthcare; patients; sars
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        item: #4939 of 5187
          id: cord-351321-6d2mn5ok
      author: Gouveia, Duarte
       title: Proteotyping SARS-CoV-2 virus from nasopharyngeal swabs: a proof-of-concept focused on a 3 min mass spectrometry window
        date: 2020-06-19
       words: 6251
      flesch: 46
     summary: By using a short LC gradient focusing on the region of interest identified in our previous study, we tested the detection of the virus in samples containing different quantities of viral peptides, as well as COVID-19 clinical samples, paving the way for the development of time-efficient viral diagnostic tests based on an alternative platform. This was repeated several times to obtain a one third dilution cascade of viral peptides.
    keywords: cov-2; detection; mass; min; nasopharyngeal; peptides; proteins; samples; sars; swabs; virus
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        item: #4940 of 5187
          id: cord-351340-7y19ystp
      author: Rao, Gundu H. R.
       title: Coronavirus Disease and Acute Vascular Events
        date: 2020-07-31
       words: 2561
      flesch: 38
     summary: They found that circulatory and endocrine comorbidities were common among COVID-19 patients, leading to the conclusion that circulatory diseases remained the most common category of comorbidities. Studies of COVID-19 patients in Wuhan, China, demonstrated that D-dimer levels upon admission >2.0 mg/mL effectively predicted in-hospital mortality.
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; disease; infection; injury; patients; sars
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        item: #4941 of 5187
          id: cord-351354-10rusr6j
      author: Chan, Louis Y.
       title: Diagnostic Criteria during SARS Outbreak in Hong Kong
        date: 2004-06-17
       words: 1948
      flesch: 48
     summary: Although not specific, lymphopenia and its subsequent progress was highly prevalent among SARS patients (8) (9) (10) . These criteria remained important in the initial diagnosis and prompt isolation of patients because the overall sensitivity of initial reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing for SARSassociated coronavirus (SARS CoV) RNA on upper respiratory specimens ranged from approximately 60% to 70% (though sensitivity improved with a second test) (4, 5) .
    keywords: contact; criteria; ddt; patients; sars
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        item: #4942 of 5187
          id: cord-351367-ral9sbfy
      author: Scarlattei, Maura
       title: Unknown SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia detected by PET/CT in patients with cancer
        date: 2020-06-22
       words: 3022
      flesch: 40
     summary: In all patients, PET/CT showed increased tracer uptake in the lungs corresponding to CT findings of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. PET/CT was negative for cancer lesions but revealed mild tracer uptake (SUVmax 3.2) in the subpleural region of both lungs, with greater extent in the right lung, corresponding to CT findings of subpleural GGOs in the dependent lung ( Figure 3 ).
    keywords: cov-2; infection; patients; pet; sars; tracer; uptake
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        item: #4943 of 5187
          id: cord-351430-bpv7p7zo
      author: Pequeno, Pedro
       title: Air transportation, population density and temperature predict the spread of COVID-19 in Brazil
        date: 2020-06-03
       words: 4789
      flesch: 37
     summary: We evaluated the effect of meteorological conditions (temperature, solar radiation, air humidity and precipitation) on 292 daily records of cumulative number of confirmed COVID-19 cases across the 27 Brazilian capital cities during the 1st month of the outbreak, while controlling for an indicator of the number of tests, the number of arriving flights, population density, proportion of elderly people and average income. Therefore, we performed two versions of the above analysis: one including all predictors but excluding days for which precipitation was lacking (n = 269) and another one excluding precipitation as predictor and using all counts of confirmed COVID-19 cases (n = 292).
    keywords: cases; cities; covid-19; mean; number; predictors; temperature; time
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        item: #4944 of 5187
          id: cord-351446-j4ambec5
      author: Sinonquel, P.
       title: COVID‐19 and gastrointestinal endoscopy: what should be taken into account?
        date: 2020-04-26
       words: 2675
      flesch: 40
     summary: We recommend these 'assistants' to be experienced In low risk or confirmed COVID-19 negative patients this buddy system is not required and the endoscopist can be assisted by one (or more) endoscopic nurse without taking the enhanced but only the standard PPE and infection control measures. Low risk patients are patients with no risk factors and no symptoms or at least 1 positive risk factor but a negative laboratory RT-PCR test.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; endoscopy; patient; procedure; risk; sars
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        item: #4945 of 5187
          id: cord-351482-hzh5tyoo
      author: Peng, Xinxia
       title: Integrative Deep Sequencing of the Mouse Lung Transcriptome Reveals Differential Expression of Diverse Classes of Small RNAs in Response to Respiratory Virus Infection
        date: 2011-11-15
       words: 7714
      flesch: 40
     summary: small RNA loci to the corresponding expression ratios that we calculated for the overlapping miRNA precursors on the basis of the reads directly mapped to annotated precursor sequences. Also, we observed length distributions of small RNA loci overlapping an-notated small RNA loci that were similar to those of small RNA loci with no overlap (Fig. 3a) , indicating that our identified loci were indeed producing small RNAs.
    keywords: analysis; annotated; expression; infection; influenza; loci; mirnas; mouse; reads; rnas; samples; sars; small; virus
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        item: #4946 of 5187
          id: cord-351489-tzmev77c
      author: Yuan, Shuofeng
       title: Broad-Spectrum Host-Based Antivirals Targeting the Interferon and Lipogenesis Pathways as Potential Treatment Options for the Pandemic Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
        date: 2020-06-10
       words: 5058
      flesch: 27
     summary: The most prominent reduction in viral N antigen expression was observed in cells treated with Avonex, Rebif, Betaferon, and AM580, which achieved similar degree To quantify the anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity of the identified antiviral agents in the primary screening and the viral N antigen expression assay, SARS-CoV-2 viral load reduction assay by qRT-PCR was conducted to determine the SARS-CoV-2 RNA copies released in the cell culture supernatant with or without antiviral agent treatment. As To quantify the anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity of the identified antiviral agents in the primary screening and the viral N antigen expression assay, SARS-CoV-2 viral load reduction assay by qRT-PCR was conducted to determine the SARS-CoV-2 RNA copies released in the cell culture supernatant with or without antiviral agent treatment.
    keywords: agents; assay; cells; cov-2; hydroxycholesterol; ifn; load; reduction; rna; sars; viral; virus
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        item: #4947 of 5187
          id: cord-351492-8jv7ip67
      author: Urwin, S. G.
       title: FebriDx point-of-care test in patients with suspected COVID-19: a pooled diagnostic accuracy study
        date: 2020-10-20
       words: 7244
      flesch: 42
     summary: We aimed to undertake a systematic review and pooled diagnostic test accuracy study of available individual patient data (IPD) to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of a commercial POC test (FebriDx) in patients with suspected COVID-19. We undertook a systematic review and pooled diagnostic test accuracy study of available individual patient data (IPD) to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the FebriDx LFD compared to contemporaneous reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing to understand the performance of FebriDx in the identification of patients with COVID-19.
    keywords: accuracy; covid-19; febridx; medrxiv; patients; preprint; results; review; studies; study; test
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        item: #4948 of 5187
          id: cord-351503-2f0sk24j
      author: Pua, Uei
       title: What Is Needed to Make Interventional Radiology Ready for COVID-19? Lessons from SARS-CoV Epidemic
        date: 2020-03-13
       words: 1277
      flesch: 44
     summary: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) situation report-34 Is your interventional radiology service ready for SARS?: the Singapore experience Interim infection prevention and control recommendations for patients with confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) or persons under investigation for COVID-19 in healthcare settings. Disposable N95 mask is sufficient for the majority of IR procedures, while the PAPR is reserved for procedures which are cough/gag inducing which increases the aerosolization load (e.g., endotracheal intubation) (5) .
    keywords: cov; covid-19; sars
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        item: #4949 of 5187
          id: cord-351512-h4vigeuy
      author: Zhang, Lin
       title: How scientific research reacts to international public health emergencies: a global analysis of response patterns
        date: 2020-06-09
       words: 7125
      flesch: 43
     summary: As Fig. 15 shows, China, as the heart of the outbreak in the initial period, has taken a prominent role in COVID-19 research with the largest number of publications, followed by the USA and the UK. Apart from Canada and European countries, the USA also collaborated intensively with several African countries on Ebola research, such as Sierra Leone, Liberia, Guinea etc., which are the main areas of the Ebola outbreak.
    keywords: china; countries; covid-19; disease; ebola; emergencies; funding; health; number; outbreak; publications; research; sars
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        item: #4950 of 5187
          id: cord-351532-2yd4wg9v
      author: Huang, Yin-Qiu
       title: No Statistically Apparent Difference in Antiviral Effectiveness Observed Among Ribavirin Plus Interferon-Alpha, Lopinavir/Ritonavir Plus Interferon-Alpha, and Ribavirin Plus Lopinavir/Ritonavir Plus Interferon-Alpha in Patients With Mild to Moderate Coronavirus Disease 2019: Results of a Randomized, Open-Labeled Prospective Study
        date: 2020-07-14
       words: 5743
      flesch: 41
     summary: Our research group tends to accept the latter explanation based on the following reasoning: (1) the possibility of three different combinations of drugs having the same or similar antiviral efficacy is exceedingly slim; (2) a recent placebo- controlled clinical trial has shown that LPV/r does not have antiviral efficacy in COVID-19 patients (Cao et al., 2020) ; (3) a retrospective study has shown that patients receiving potential antiviral drugs such as LPV/r, IFNa, or arbidol had similar viral clearance times when compared to those who did not receive any antiviral drugs (Ling et al., 2020) ; (4) a perspective study had shown that early combination of IFN, LPV/r, and RBV was effective in suppressing the shedding of SARS-CoV-2, not just in a nasopharyngeal swab, but in all clinical specimens (Hung et al., 2020) . Among SARS patients, 58% had hypocalcaemia, 61% had hemolytic anemia, and 46% had hypomagnesaemia (Knowles et al., 2003) .
    keywords: acid; cov-2; covid-19; group; lpv; patients; r+ifn; sars; study; treatment
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        item: #4951 of 5187
          id: cord-351555-hsgsuor2
      author: Constantinou, Constantina
       title: Developing a holistic contingency plan: Challenges and dilemmas for cancer patients during the COVID‐19
        date: 2020-07-20
       words: 7598
      flesch: 41
     summary: key: cord-351555-hsgsuor2 authors: Constantinou, Constantina; Kolokotroni, Ourania; Mosquera, Maria‐Cecilia; Heraclides, Alexandros; Demetriou, Christiana; Karayiannis, Peter; Quattrocchi, Annalisa; Charalambous, Andreas title: Developing a holistic contingency plan: Challenges and dilemmas for cancer patients during the COVID‐19 date: 2020-07-20 journal: Cancer Med DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3271 sha: doc_id: 351555 cord_uid: hsgsuor2 During the first quarter of 2020 the world is experiencing a pandemic of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome‑Coronavirus‑2 (SARS‑CoV‑2), a novel beta coronavirus that is responsible for the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID‐19). The COVID‐19 pandemic revealed that healthcare systems around the world were not prepared to deal with either the direct effects of the pandemic or with the indirect effects that are imposed on the health of patients with chronic disorders such as cancer patients.
    keywords: addition; cancer; cancer patients; care; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; healthcare; management; pandemic; patients; risk; sars; treatment
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        item: #4952 of 5187
          id: cord-351559-az4pgi9k
      author: Turjya, Rafeed Rahman
       title: Perversely expressed long noncoding RNAs can alter host response and viral proliferation in SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-06-29
       words: 2444
      flesch: 26
     summary: There 122 are direct RNA-RNA interactions for 4 genes, and RNA-protein interactions for the rest 123 ( Figure 2 ). 777 MOV10 Is a 5' to 3' RNA helicase contributing to UPF1 mRNA target degradation by 778 translocation along 3' UTRs 780 Identification of novel argonaute-associated proteins APOBEC3G inhibits 783 microRNA-mediated repression of translation by interfering with the interaction between 784 MicroRNA silencing through RISC recruitment of eIF6 Virus Escape and Manipulation of Cellular 788 Nonsense-Mediated mRNA Decay Provides Antiviral Activity against RNA Viruses by Enhancing RIG-I-MAVS-Independent 791 IFN Induction Not applicable.
    keywords: cell; cov-2; genes; infection; lncrnas; protein; rna; sars
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        item: #4953 of 5187
          id: cord-351567-ifoe8x28
      author: Rabi, Firas A.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 and Coronavirus Disease 2019: What We Know So Far
        date: 2020-03-20
       words: 5766
      flesch: 49
     summary: Initial virological and clinical findings Broad-spectrum antiviral GS-5734 inhibits both epidemic and zoonotic coronaviruses Controlled Trial of Ebola Virus Disease Therapeutics Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro First Case of 2019 Novel Coronavirus in the United States NIH Clinical Trial of Remdesivir to Treat COVID-19 Begins Gilead Sciences Initiates Two Phase 3 Studies of Investigational Antiviral Remdesivir for the Treatment of COVID-19 Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread Protease inhibitors targeting coronavirus and filovirus entry Camostat Mesilate, Pancrelipase, and Rabeprazole Combination Therapy Improves Epigastric Pain in Early Chronic Pancreatitis and Functional Dyspepsia with Pancreatic Enzyme Abnormalities TACTIC Investigative Team a phase 1/2 trial to evaluate the pharmacokinetics, safety, and efficacy of NI-03 in patients with chronic pancreatitis: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial on the assessment of camostat treatment in chronic pancreatitis (TACTIC) However, by that time, travelers had carried the virus to many countries, sparking memories of the previous coronavirus epidemics, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and causing widespread media attention and panic.
    keywords: cases; china; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; novel; number; patients; risk; sars; wuhan
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        item: #4954 of 5187
          id: cord-351625-1we9wi1g
      author: Han, Huan
       title: Descriptive, Retrospective Study of the Clinical Characteristics of Asymptomatic COVID-19 Patients
        date: 2020-10-07
       words: 4069
      flesch: 42
     summary: These results suggest that asymptomatic COVID-19 patients had normal clinical indicators and faster viral clearance than symptomatic patients. Our results demonstrate that asymptomatic COVID-19 patients have better outcomes than symptomatic patients.
    keywords: asymptomatic; cell; counts; covid-19; disease; liver; patients; sars
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        item: #4955 of 5187
          id: cord-351644-pl7xpivx
      author: Gao, Yelei
       title: Application of Telemedicine During the Coronavirus Disease Epidemics: A Rapid Review and Meta-Analysis
        date: 2020-04-17
       words: 4722
      flesch: 51
     summary: The quality of included studies was very poor: all studies scored less than 8 out of 11 in the evaluation by the AHRQ tool ( Table 2) . Our study showed that among the people who need consultation, COVID-19 patients were most concerned about symptoms, the epidemic situation and public problems related to the disease, whereas SARS patients were most concerned about symptoms, prevention and treatment, and psychological problems.
    keywords: funder; holder; license; medrxiv; peer; preprint; sars; studies; topic
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        item: #4956 of 5187
          id: cord-351649-87g7g5au
      author: Haagmans, Bart L.
       title: SARS
        date: 2009-01-30
       words: 6742
      flesch: 27
     summary: Immunization with modified vaccinia virus Ankara-based recombinant vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome is associated with enhanced hepatitis in ferrets Antibody-mediated enhancement of disease in feline infectious peritonitis: comparisons with dengue hemorrhagic fever Plasma inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in severe acute respiratory syndrome Modulation of the immune response to the severe acute respiratory syndrome spike glycoprotein by gene-based and inactivated virus immunization Newly discovered coronavirus as the primary cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-like virus in Chinese horseshoe bats Chemokine up-regulation in SARS-coronavirus-infected, monocyte-derived human dendritic cells Structure of SARS coronavirus spike receptor-binding domain complexed with receptor Significant changes of peripheral T lymphocyte subsets in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Long-term persistence of robust antibody and cytotoxic T cell responses in recovered patients infected with SARS coronavirus Bats are natural reservoirs of SARS-like coronaviruses Laboratory diagnosis of four recent sporadic cases of community-acquired SARS, Guangdong province Safety and immunogenicity from a phase I trial of inactivated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus vaccine Monoclonal antibodies targeting the HR2 domain and the region immediately upstream of the HR2 of the S protein neutralize in vitro infection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Natural mutations in the receptor binding domain of spike glycoprotein determine the reactivity of cross-neutralization between palm civet coronavirus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Interferon alfacon-1 plus corticosteroids in severe acute respiratory syndrome: a preliminary study Virology: SARS virus infection of cats and ferrets Replication of SARS coronavirus administered into the respiratory tract of African Green, rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys SARS in newborns and children Lung pathology of fatal severe acute respiratory syndrome Severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Long-lived memory T lymphocyte responses against SARS coronavirus nucleocapsid protein in SARS-recovered patients Immunogenicity and protective efficacy in monkeys of purified inactivated Vero-cell SARS vaccine Long-lived effector/central memory T-cell responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) S antigen in recovered SARS patients A DNA vaccine induces SARS coronavirus neutralization and protective immunity in mice Evasion of antibody neutralization in emerging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses Rewiring the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) transcription circuit: engineering a recombination-resistant genome Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus group-specific open reading frames encode nonessential functions for replication in cell cultures and mice Identification of an antigenic determinant on the S2 domain of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike glycoprotein capable of inducing neutralizing antibodies Antibody responses against SARS coronavirus are correlated with disease outcome of infected individuals Immunogenicity, safety, and protective efficacy of an inactivated SARS-associated coronavirus vaccine in rhesus monkeys Prognostic factors for severe acute respiratory syndrome: a clinical analysis of 165 cases Coronavirus nonstructural protein 1 is a major pathogenicity factor: implications for the rational design of coronavirus vaccines In addition, two Chinese groups have demonstrated protective efficacy of inactivated SARS vaccines in rhesus monkeys ( Qin et al., 2006 ; Zhou et al., 2005 ) .
    keywords: acute; antibodies; antibody; coronavirus; cov; et al; mice; protein; sars; syndrome; vaccines; virus
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        item: #4957 of 5187
          id: cord-351651-6dbt99h0
      author: Sun, Zhong
       title: Potential Factors Influencing Repeated SARS Outbreaks in China
        date: 2020-03-03
       words: 4990
      flesch: 53
     summary: This mini-review evaluated the common epidemiological patterns of both SARS epidemics in China and identified cold, dry winter as a common environmental condition conducive for SARS virus infection to human beings. It was believed that the virus was transmitted to civet from Yunnan horseshoe bats, and civet cats carrying the virus were transported to Guangdong, which led to SARS-CoV infection on humans and SARS outbreak in Guangdong [32] .
    keywords: bats; china; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; covs; human; sars; sars-2; virus; wuhan
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        item: #4958 of 5187
          id: cord-351662-rmkcb6o3
      author: Huang, Zhifeng
       title: Characteristics and roles of SARS‐CoV‐2 specific antibodies in patients with different severities of COVID‐19
        date: 2020-07-24
       words: 2869
      flesch: 51
     summary: COVID-19 patients had significantly more symptoms of fever, wheezing, and fatigue than non-COVID-19 patients (P<0.01). The chest CTs of COVID-19 patients all revealed suspected viral pneumonia.
    keywords: covid-19; iga; igg; igm; levels; patients
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        item: #4959 of 5187
          id: cord-351687-6otr8zl3
      author: Yesilkaya, Umit Haluk
       title: Neuroimmune correlates of the nervous system involvement of COVID-19: A commentary
        date: 2020-05-27
       words: 936
      flesch: 31
     summary: • Pathophysiological underpinnings of nervous system involvement of SARS-CoV-2 are yet to be elucidated. Pathophysiological underpinnings of nervous system involvement of SARS-CoV-2 are yet to be elucidated 
    keywords: covid-19; sars; system
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        item: #4960 of 5187
          id: cord-351691-3egwvb59
      author: Elzupir, Amin O.
       title: Caffeine and caffeine-containing pharmaceuticals as promising inhibitors for 3-chymotrypsin-like protease of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-10-23
       words: 2954
      flesch: 42
     summary: Of these tested substances were chloroquine phosphate, Remdesivir, Indinavir, Lopinavir, Carfilzomib, Eravacycline, Elbasvir, Valrubicin, Darunavir, Favipiravir isoflavone, myricitrin, a-ketoamides and methyl rosmarinate (Ahmad et al., in press; Beck et al., 2020; Chang, Tung et al., 2020; Das et al., in press; Duan et al., 2020; Ul Qamar et al., 2020; Wahedi et al., in press; Wang, 2020; Wu, Liu et al., 2020) . The RNA genomes of SARS-CoV-2 were found to be identical to about 82% of the SARS-CoV genomes (Enayatkhani et al., in press; Lu et al., 2020; Wu, Liu et al., 2020; Zhou et al., 2020; Zhu et al., 2020) .
    keywords: 3cps; caffeine; coronavirus; covid-19; drugs; et al; pro; sars
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        item: #4961 of 5187
          id: cord-351694-nb7230s1
      author: Jatt, Lauren P.
       title: Widespread severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) laboratory surveillance program to minimize asymptomatic transmission in high-risk inpatient and congregate living settings
        date: 2020-06-16
       words: 1527
      flesch: 38
     summary: Surveillance testing for patients was implemented over time as testing capacity increased, starting with the highest risk settings (Fig. 1 ). Without this in-house test, surveillance testing of the >100 residents in the SNF within a single week would not have been possible.
    keywords: april; cov-2; sars; testing
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        item: #4962 of 5187
          id: cord-351718-sf5zp5wg
      author: Kohli, Utkarsh
       title: COVID-19 pneumonia in an infant with a hemodynamically significant ventricular septal defect
        date: 2020-10-12
       words: 1377
      flesch: 29
     summary: Characteristics and outcomes of 21 critically ill patients with COVID-19 in Washington state Acute heart failure in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) in the context of global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic Risk factors for hospitalized respiratory syncytial virus disease and its severe outcomes SARS-CoV-2: a potential novel etiology of fulminant myocarditis Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children in New York state Risk factors for influenza virus related severe lower respiratory tract infection in children Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in U.S. children and adolescents Respiratory tract infection and risk of hospitalization in children with congenital heart defects during season and off-season: a Swedish National Study SARS-CoV-2 infection in children First reported case of unrepaired tetralogy of Fallot complicated with Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) Characteristics and outcomes of children with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection admitted to US and Canadian Pediatric Intensive Care Units The cardiovascular burden of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with a focus on congenital heart disease Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72 314 cases from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Clinical and CT features in pediatric patients with COVID-19 infection: different points from adults Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study Epidemiologic features and clinical course of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Singapore Clinical characteristics of children with coronavirus disease Financial support. [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] Adults with underlying cardiovascular disease, however, have been found to sustain cardiorespiratory damage leading to increased morbidity and mortality due to COVID-19 infection.
    keywords: children; covid-19; disease; heart
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        item: #4963 of 5187
          id: cord-351719-xqmir1ca
      author: Olaimat, Amin N.
       title: Food Safety During and After the Era of COVID-19 Pandemic
        date: 2020-08-04
       words: 3909
      flesch: 43
     summary: Recently, data on the survival of SARS-CoV-2 on contact surfaces has been reported, but there is none on the survival of COVID-19 on food surfaces and packages. These results indicated that respiratory viruses may transfer from food surfaces to the hands and subsequently to the mouth, nose or eyes.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; et al; food; sars; surfaces; transmission; virus
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        item: #4964 of 5187
          id: cord-351736-4x5u4qsy
      author: Fernandez-Garcia, Cristina
       title: Severe COVID-19 During Pregnancy and the Subsequent Premature Delivery
        date: 2020-09-19
       words: 557
      flesch: 45
     summary: We report the cases of three premature babies delivered by two mothers with severe COVID-19 pneumonia, whose condition deteriorated to the point that necessitated the use of mechanical ventilation on the mothers as well as accelerated child delivery of the mothers. 5, 6 Preterm delivery was required in the three cases described in this report, since the mothers developed severe COVID-19 pneumonia.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19
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        item: #4965 of 5187
          id: cord-351770-cirq6pfx
      author: Chen, Wei
       title: SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody levels are correlated with severity of COVID-19 pneumonia
        date: 2020-08-13
       words: 3777
      flesch: 48
     summary: Recently, studies did suggest that COVID-19 patients with moderate-to-severe illness could benefit from corticosteroid-treatment [25, 26] . Compared with the patients who had lower NAb titers, patients with higher NAb titers were older, and had more advanced illness, as reflected by higher LDH and CRP levels, and more extensive lung abnormalities at the time of admission (p＜0.05).
    keywords: antibody; cov-2; covid-19; nab; patients; sars; study; time; titers
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        item: #4966 of 5187
          id: cord-351835-1s2zsqoq
      author: Liu, Zhixin
       title: Composition and divergence of coronavirus spike proteins and host ACE2 receptors predict potential intermediate hosts of SARS‐CoV‐2
        date: 2020-03-11
       words: 1519
      flesch: 39
     summary: A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China Inferring the hosts of coronavirus using dual statistical models based on nucleotide composition Isolation and characterization of viruses related to the SARS coronavirus from animals in southern China Evidence for camel-to-human transmission of MERS coronavirus Infections: Disease Outbreak News WHO Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV)-Saudi Arabia Maximal viral information recovery from sequence data using VirMAP I-TASSER server: new development for protein structure and function predictions Predicting proteinprotein interactions on a proteome scale by matching evolutionary and structural similarities at interfaces using PRISM Genome composition and divergence of the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) originating in China Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation Structure of SARS coronavirus spike receptor-binding domain complexed with receptor Molecular basis of binding between novel human coronavirus MERS-CoV and its receptor CD26 Cryo-EM structures of MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV spike glycoproteins reveal the dynamic receptor binding domains Functional assessment of cell entry and receptor usage for lineage B βcoronaviruses, including 2019-nCoV A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Viral metagenomics revealed Sendai virus and coronavirus infection of Malayan pangolins (Manis javanica) Decoding the evolution and transmissions of the novel pneumonia coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) using whole genomic data Identification of 2019-nCoV related coronaviruses in Malayan pangolins in southern China Evidence of recombination in coronaviruses implicating pangolin origins of nCoV-2019 Recombination, reservoirs, and the modular spike: mechanisms of coronavirus cross-species transmission Receptor and viral determinants of SARScoronavirus adaptation to human ACE2 Bat-to-human: spike features determining host 'host jump' of coronaviruses SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and beyond Development of a colloidal gold immunochromatographic strip for the rapid detection of soft-shelled turtle systemic septicemia spherical virus Discovery of a novel single-stranded DNA virus from a sea turtle fibropapilloma by using viral metagenomics key: cord-351835-1s2zsqoq authors: Liu, Zhixin; Xiao, Xiao; Wei, Xiuli; Li, Jian; Yang, Jing; Tan, Huabing; Zhu, Jianyong; Zhang, Qiwei; Wu, Jianguo; Liu, Long title: Composition and divergence of coronavirus spike proteins and host ACE2 receptors predict potential intermediate hosts of SARS‐CoV‐2 date: 2020-03-11 journal: J Med Virol DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25726 sha: doc_id: 351835 cord_uid: 1s2zsqoq From the beginning of 2002 and 2012, severe respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS‐CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS‐CoV) crossed the species barriers to infect humans, causing thousands of infections and hundreds of deaths, respectively.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov; cov-2; host; sars; spike
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        item: #4967 of 5187
          id: cord-351837-vasuu70k
      author: Shannon, Ashleigh
       title: Rapid incorporation of Favipiravir by the fast and permissive viral RNA polymerase complex results in SARS-CoV-2 lethal mutagenesis
        date: 2020-09-17
       words: 6551
      flesch: 43
     summary: Accepted: 10 August 2020; Unique and conserved features of genome and proteome of SARS-coronavirus, an early split-off from the coronavirus group 2 lineage RNA 3′-end mismatch excision by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus nonstructural protein nsp10/nsp14 exoribonuclease complex Discovery of an RNA virus 3′→5′ exoribonuclease that is critically involved in coronavirus RNA synthesis High fidelity of murine hepatitis virus replication is decreased in nsp14 exoribonuclease mutants Understanding the mechanism of the broad-spectrum antiviral activity of favipiravir (T-705): key role of the F1 motif of the viral polymerase Structural and molecular basis of mismatch correction and ribavirin excision from coronavirus RNA The antiviral compound remdesivir potently inhibits RNA-dependent RNA polymerase from Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Remdesivir is a direct-acting antiviral that inhibits RNAdependent RNA polymerase from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 with high potency Nucleoside analogues for the treatment of coronavirus infections Favipiravir as a potential countermeasure against neglected and emerging RNA viruses Determining the mutation bias of favipiravir in influenza virus using next-generation sequencing Antiviral efficacy of favipiravir against Ebola virus: a translational study in cynomolgus macaques The RNA polymerase activity of SARS-coronavirus nsp12 is primer dependent Expression, purification, and characterization of SARS coronavirus RNA polymerase One severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus protein complex integrates processive RNA polymerase and exonuclease activities Structure of the SARS-CoV nsp12 polymerase bound to nsp7 and nsp8 co-factors Structure of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase from COVID-19 virus Structure of replicating SARS-CoV-2 polymerase Continuous and discontinuous RNA synthesis in coronaviruses Synthesis of T-705-ribonucleoside and T-705-ribonucleotide and studies of chemical stability Cell line-dependent activation and antiviral activity of T-1105, the non-fluorinated analogue of T-705 (favipiravir) Prodrugs of the phosphoribosylated forms of hydroxypyrazinecarboxamide pseudobase T-705 and its de-fluoro analogue T-1105 as potent influenza virus inhibitors T-705 (Favipiravir) induces lethal mutagenesis in influenza A H1N1 viruses in vitro Extinction of west nile virus by favipiravir through lethal mutagenesis Lethal mutagenesis of hepatitis C virus induced by favipiravir Favipiravir elicits antiviral mutagenesis during virus replication in vivo Mechanism of action of T-705 ribosyl triphosphate against influenza virus RNA polymerase The ambiguous basepairing and high substrate efficiency of T-705 (Favipiravir) Ribofuranosyl 59-triphosphate towards influenza A virus polymerase Signatures of nucleotide analog incorporation by an RNAdependent RNA polymerase revealed using high-throughput magnetic tweezers Coronaviruses lacking exoribonuclease activity are susceptible to lethal mutagenesis: evidence for proofreading and potential therapeutics Polymerase (3Dpol): assembly of stable, elongation-competent complexes by using a symmetrical primer-template substrate (sym/sub) Structural basis for active site closure by the poliovirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase A nucleobase-binding pocket in a viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase contributes to elongation complex stability A quantitative stopped-flow fluorescence assay for measuring polymerase elongation rates Temperature controlled high-throughput magnetic tweezers show striking difference in activation energies of replicating viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerases Assembly, purification, and pre-steady-state kinetic analysis of active RNA-dependent RNA polymerase elongation complex Characterization of the elongation complex of dengue virus RNA polymerase: assembly, kinetics of nucleotide incorporation, and fidelity Structure-function relationships underlying the replication fidelity of viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerases Viral mutation rates A comprehensive superposition of viral polymerase structures Nonstructural proteins 7 and 8 of feline coronavirus form a 2:1 heterotrimer that exhibits primer-independent RNA polymerase activity The SARScoronavirus nsp7+nsp8 complex is a unique multimeric RNA polymerase capable of both de novo initiation and primer extension A second, non-canonical RNA-dependent RNA polymerase in SARS Coronavirus Identification and characterization of a human coronavirus 229E nonstructural protein 8-associated RNA 3′-terminal adenylyltransferase activity Global Kinetic Explorer: a new computer program for dynamic simulation and fitting of kinetic data In vitro screening of a FDA approved chemical library reveals potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 replication Phylogenetically based establishment of a dengue virus panel, representing all available genotypes, as a tool in dengue drug discovery Mutations in the chikungunya virus non-structural proteins cause resistance to favipiravir (T-705), a broad-spectrum antiviral We thank Magali Gilles and Karine Alvarez for excellent technical support, as well as Prs. C. Drosten and F. Drexler for providing the SARS-CoV-2 through EVA-GLOBAL (European Union's Horizon 2020 programme, GA 871029). As with all positive strand RNA viruses, an RdRp lies at the core of the viral replication machinery and for CoVs this is the nsp12 protein.
    keywords: antiviral; complex; cov; data; elongation; favipiravir; fig; incorporation; nsp12; polymerase; rdrp; rna; sars; supplementary; t-1105; t-705; virus
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        item: #4968 of 5187
          id: cord-351845-bli3qm8w
      author: Prasad, Kartikay
       title: Targeting hub genes and pathways of innate immune response in COVID-19: A network biology perspective
        date: 2020-06-26
       words: 4631
      flesch: 38
     summary: Network topology analyses identified 15 high-value targets of SARS CoV-2, which belongs to a subset of canonical ISGs. An Integrative Modeling Approach for Effective Drug Repurposing SARS-CoV-2 launches a unique transcriptional signature from in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo systems 0: a major update to the DrugBank database for The comparative toxicogenomics database: update SARS-CoV-2 Launches a Unique Transcriptional Signature from in Vitro, Ex Vivo, and in Vivo Systems Bioinformatics enrichment tools: paths toward the comprehensive functional analysis of large gene lists Cytoscape: a software environment for integrated models of biomolecular interaction networks STITCH: interaction networks of chemicals and proteins Systematic and integrative analysis of large gene lists using DAVID bioinformatics resources The SARS-coronavirus-host interactome: identification of cyclophilins as target for pancoronavirus inhibitors A physical and regulatory map of host-influenza interactions reveals pathways in H1N1 infection Network-Guided Discovery of Influenza Virus Replication Host Factors Common Nodes of Virus-Host Interaction Revealed Through an Integrated Network Analysis A cellular census of human lungs identifies novel cell states in health and in asthma A single-cell atlas of the human healthy airways SARS-CoV-2 entry factors are highly expressed in nasal epithelial cells together with innate immune genes SARS-CoV-2 Receptor ACE2 Is an Interferon Enrichr: a comprehensive gene set enrichment analysis web server 2016 update Interferon-stimulated genes: a complex web of host defenses Emerging roles of interferon-stimulated genes in the innate immune response to hepatitis C virus infection Interferon-inducible protein Mx1 inhibits influenza virus by interfering with functional viral ribonucleoprotein complex assembly Host genetics of severe influenza: from mouse Mx1 to human IRF7 Hepatitis E virus polymerase binds to IFIT1 to protect the viral RNA from IFIT1-mediated translation inhibition Polymorphisms of interferon-inducible genes OAS-1 and MxA associated with SARS in the Vietnamese population Early endonuclease-mediated evasion of RNA sensing ensures efficient coronavirus replication Differential regulation of the OASL and OAS1 genes in response to viral infections Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus ORF6 antagonizes STAT1 function by sequestering nuclear import factors on the rough endoplasmic reticulum/Golgi membrane Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus ORF4b protein inhibits type I interferon production through both cytoplasmic and nuclear targets Structural Insights into the Interaction of Coronavirus Papain-Like Proteases and Interferon-Stimulated Gene Product 15 from Different Species ISG15: It's Complicated Consecutive Inhibition of ISG15 Expression and ISGylation by Cytomegalovirus Regulators Innate antiviral response targets HIV-1 release by the induction of ubiquitin-like protein ISG15 ISG15 facilitates cellular antiviral response to dengue and west nile virus infection in vitro Antiviral activity of ISG15 against classical swine fever virus replication in porcine alveolar macrophages via inhibition of autophagy by ISGylating BECN1 MERS-CoV papain-like protease has deISGylating and deubiquitinating activities Structural Basis for the Ubiquitin-Linkage Specificity and deISGylating activity of SARS-CoV papain-like protease Targeting poly(I:C) to the TLR3-independent pathway boosts effector CD8 T cell differentiation through IFN-alpha/beta Intranasal treatment with poly(I*C) protects aged mice from lethal respiratory virus infections Prophylactic and therapeutic intranasal administration with an immunomodulator, Hiltonol((R))
    keywords: analysis; cov-2; covid-19; drug; genes; immune; infection; interaction; network; response; sars; virus
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        item: #4969 of 5187
          id: cord-351854-5s03f0pp
      author: Ben-Ami, Roni
       title: Pooled RNA extraction and PCR assay for efficient SARS-CoV-2 detection
        date: 2020-04-22
       words: 3321
      flesch: 49
     summary: As shown in Figure 1 , positive samples were readily detected, even when their individual Ct ranged between 35 and 38. Alternatively, it is possible to dynamically adapt pooling sizes, when the measured rate of positive samples is different than expected.
    keywords: medrxiv; pooling; preprint; rna; samples; sars
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        item: #4970 of 5187
          id: cord-351864-zozrj7w5
      author: Chappleboim, A.
       title: ApharSeq: An Extraction-free Early-Pooling Protocol for Massively Multiplexed SARS-CoV-2 Detection
        date: 2020-08-13
       words: 5787
      flesch: 51
     summary: After pooling samples are washed once in buffer A, twice in buffer B, and can then be kept in RNA later until they are processed further. To test cross-contamination levels in the RT stage, we hybridized positive (Ct 26) and negative samples with two differently barcoded primers, pooled them, performed RT and tested the amount of cross-contamination by barcode-specific qPCR ( Figure 3A and 3B).
    keywords: beads; figure; license; medrxiv; pcr; preprint; primers; rna; samples; sequencing
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        item: #4971 of 5187
          id: cord-351896-j6h02ab5
      author: Ghannam, Malik
       title: Neurological involvement of coronavirus disease 2019: a systematic review
        date: 2020-06-19
       words: 5067
      flesch: 30
     summary: Cytokine and anticytokine interventions Pathogenic priming likely contributes to serious and critical illness and mortality in COVID-19 via autoimmunity Cytokine release syndrome in COVID-19 patients, a new scenario for an old concern: the fragile balance between infections and autoimmunity Guillain-Barré Syndrome Is COVID-19 a proteiform disease inducing also molecular mimicry phenomena? Steroid-responsive encephalitis in Covid-19 disease Immune thrombocytopenic purpura in a patient with Covid-19 Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia associated with COVID-19 infection The genetic sequence, origin, and diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 Multiple organ infection and the pathogenesis of SARS Detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in the brain: potential role of the chemokine mig in pathogenesis The role of cytokines including interleukin-6 in COVID-19 induced pneumonia and macrophage activation syndrome-like disease Dysregulation of immune response in patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China The COVID-19 pandemic: consideration for brain infection Isolated sudden onset anosmia in COVID-19 infection. D-dimers might play a major prothrombotic role in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: acute; coronavirus; covid-19; infection; n =; patients; review; sars; stroke; syndrome
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        item: #4972 of 5187
          id: cord-351930-puhm3w42
      author: Juan, J.
       title: Effects of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) on Maternal, Perinatal and Neonatal Outcomes: a Systematic Review of 266 Pregnancies
        date: 2020-05-06
       words: 4517
      flesch: 47
     summary: From the case-reports, two maternal deaths among pregnant women with COVID-19 were reported. Conclusions: The clinical characteristics of pregnant women with COVID-19 are similar to those of nonpregnant adults with COVID-19.
    keywords: author; cases; covid-19; medrxiv; neonatal; perpetuity; preprint; review
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        item: #4973 of 5187
          id: cord-351952-lhhjax3s
      author: Pickering, Suzanne
       title: Comparative assessment of multiple COVID-19 serological technologies supports continued evaluation of point-of-care lateral flow assays in hospital and community healthcare settings
        date: 2020-09-24
       words: 5327
      flesch: 41
     summary: Therefore, before deployment in situations where the pre-test prevalence is likely to be low, such as seroprevalence studies, outpatient assessment or pre-admission screening for operations, these assays will require further evaluation with known SARS-CoV-2 asymptomatic and ambulatory cases, alongside an extended set of pre-pandemic samples. Taking into account the reactivity of negative control samples in this ELISA, 100% specificity could be reached using a cut-off where IgG against N or S both have OD values at least 4-fold above the wells containing secondary antibody only (Fig 1B, S1 Table) .
    keywords: antibodies; assays; cov-2; days; detection; elisa; house; igg; igm; samples; sars; tests
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        item: #4974 of 5187
          id: cord-351974-1najtyui
      author: Smith, E.
       title: Testing for SARS-CoV-2 in care home staff and residents in English care homes: A service evaluation
        date: 2020-08-05
       words: 2684
      flesch: 57
     summary: key: cord-351974-1najtyui authors: Smith, E.; Aldus, C. F.; Brainard, J.; Dunham, S.; Hunter, P. R.; Steel, N.; Everden, P. title: Testing for SARS-CoV-2 in care home staff and residents in English care homes: A service evaluation date: 2020-08-05 journal: nan DOI: 10.1101/2020.08.04.20165928 sha: doc_id: 351974 cord_uid: 1najtyui Background COVID-19 has especially affected care home residents. Design and setting Service evaluation in care homes in Norfolk UK.
    keywords: care; cov-2; preprint; residents; sars
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        item: #4975 of 5187
          id: cord-352020-9wxwktck
      author: Zhang, Baoshan
       title: A platform incorporating trimeric antigens into self-assembling nanoparticles reveals SARS-CoV-2-spike nanoparticles to elicit substantially higher neutralizing responses than spike alone
        date: 2020-10-23
       words: 4973
      flesch: 34
     summary: We then confirmed the prefusion state of the LuS-N71-SpyLinked-RSV F nanoparticle through surface plasmon resonance using RSV prefusion F specific antibodies D25 (site Ø) and MPE8 (site III) (Fig. 2e ) 21 . Notably, RSV F on nanoparticles showed an enhanced on-rate to the apex-targeting D25 antibody and reduced on-rate to the equatorial targeting MPE8 versus trimeric RSV F, a crucial antigenic characteristic signifying appropriate nanoparticle display 3 . Having produced successfully the LuS-N71-SpyLinked-RSV F nanoparticle, we next set out to conjugate the 24-mer ferritin-N96-SpyTag with RSV F-SpyCatcher in the same manner (Fig. 3a) .
    keywords: ferritin; fig; lus; n71; nanoparticle; protein; rsv; sars; spike; spycatcher; spytag; trimer
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        item: #4976 of 5187
          id: cord-352030-hnm54k4r
      author: Liu, Jie
       title: Epidemiological, Clinical Characteristics and Outcome of Medical Staff Infected with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: A Retrospective Case Series Analysis
        date: 2020-03-13
       words: 5267
      flesch: 47
     summary: The exact mode of medical staff infection remains unclear. Findings The median age of medical staff included was 35 years old.
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; group; license; medical; patients; preprint; sars; staff
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        item: #4977 of 5187
          id: cord-352059-1bjskqyg
      author: Gupta, Nivedita
       title: Laboratory preparedness for SARS-CoV-2 testing in India: Harnessing a network of Virus Research & Diagnostic Laboratories
        date: 2020-04-28
       words: 4179
      flesch: 49
     summary: Inclusion criteria for laboratory testing are evolving in India, given the increased number of cases of COVID-19 being reported from different countries 10 . After February 29, 2020, based on the upsurge in the number of suspect cases, primarily due to outbreaks reported from countries other than China (Iran, South Korea, Italy and Japan), the number of testing laboratories was scaled up to a total of 31 laboratories.
    keywords: cases; china; cov-2; individuals; niv; pune; samples; sars; testing; vrdls
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        item: #4978 of 5187
          id: cord-352065-960xqft4
      author: Rello, Jordi
       title: Update in COVID-19 in the Intensive Care Unit from the 2020 HELLENIC Athens International Symposium
        date: 2020-10-22
       words: 4979
      flesch: 32
     summary: Regarding detection and diagnosis, studies have used machine learning algorithms to predict the criticality of COVID-19 positive patients using clinical features and identifying which of them have statistically significant hazard errors [64, 65] . COVID-19 infection has shown a great variability in terms of mortality in different regions around the globe.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; icu; infection; lung; pandemic; patients; phenotype; pneumonia; sars
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        item: #4979 of 5187
          id: cord-352073-rdhjj72g
      author: Taniwaki, S.A
       title: Resource optimization in COVID-19 diagnosis
        date: 2020-06-26
       words: 1920
      flesch: 42
     summary: Although rayon swabs showed better performance, cotton swabs could be used as alternative type for clinical sample collection. This manuscript reports on the optimization of the Charité and the CDC RT-qPCR protocols for SARS-CoV-2 detection regarding concentration and volumes of reagents for both probe and intercalant agent-based platforms, as well as on the substitution of rayon swabs for cotton swabs for sample collection.
    keywords: cov-2; qpcr; reaction; sars; swabs
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        item: #4980 of 5187
          id: cord-352080-3rcqbgl7
      author: Shidham, Vinod B.
       title: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (the cause of COVID 19) in different types of clinical specimens and implications for cytopathology specimen: An editorial review with recommendations
        date: 2020-04-10
       words: 3489
      flesch: 42
     summary: [18] e findings are comparable to those observed with SARS-CoV-1 [22] e effect of time and concentrations of various fixatives and biocidal agents on SARS and a few other viruses are summarized in Table 5 .
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; infectivity; log10; precautions; sars; specimen; table; virus
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        item: #4981 of 5187
          id: cord-352096-cc3dzycl
      author: Richman, Douglas D.
       title: Antiviral Drug Discovery To Address the COVID-19 Pandemic
        date: 2020-09-25
       words: 1522
      flesch: 27
     summary: The magnitude of the morbidity and mortality inflicted upon the global population in less than 1 year has driven the inescapable conclusion that the discovery and development of effective antiviral drugs for COVID-19 are urgent and should be prioritized. These studies were conducted in subjects with moderate to severe disease, while efficacy with antiviral drugs generally is greatest when administered early in disease.
    keywords: activity; cov-2; covid-19; drugs; sars
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        item: #4982 of 5187
          id: cord-352123-0bflqj1c
      author: Csiszar, Anna
       title: Companion animals likely do not spread COVID-19 but may get infected themselves
        date: 2020-08-07
       words: 4758
      flesch: 46
     summary: Prior to the news of the Bronx Zoo big cat cases, there have not been any reports of pets or other animals in the USA contracting COVID-19, according to the websites of the US Department of Agriculture and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) The CDC recently issued an interim guidance for public health professionals managing the home care and isolation of people with COVID-19 who have pets or other animals (including service or working animals) in the same home
    keywords: age; animals; cats; cov-2; covid-19; disease; dogs; sars; virus; years
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        item: #4983 of 5187
          id: cord-352146-i4ezsclf
      author: Cimolai, Nevio
       title: Efficacy of povidone‐iodine to reduce viral load
        date: 2020-07-31
       words: 581
      flesch: 42
     summary: key: cord-352146-i4ezsclf authors: Cimolai, Nevio title: Efficacy of povidone‐iodine to reduce viral load date: 2020-07-31 journal: Oral Dis DOI: 10.1111/odi.13557 sha: doc_id: 352146 cord_uid: i4ezsclf Martinez-Lamas et al. (2020) provide some preliminary findings on the potential use of povidone-iodine for reducing oropharyngeal viral load of SARS-CoV-2. To the Editor, Martinez Lamas et al. (2020) provide some preliminary findings on the potential use of povidone-iodine for reducing oropharyngeal viral load of SARS-CoV-2.
    keywords: iodine; use
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        item: #4984 of 5187
          id: cord-352156-sa8cvyuw
      author: Lindeman, Robbert-Jan
       title: Preventing spread of SARS-CoV-2 and preparing for the COVID-19 outbreak in the surgical department: perspectives from two Scandinavian countries
        date: 2020-05-06
       words: 1840
      flesch: 38
     summary: Several initiatives such as the organization of a global cohort capturing real-world data concerning the management of surgical COVID-19 patients (COVIDSurg cohort study [9] ) and the construction of a structured evidence-based global guideline for orthopedic management has now been established [12] . Despite the initial different approaches to social distancing, with aims of mitigation or suppression of the outbreak, the common primary goal has been to 'flatten the curve' to make it possible for hospitals to accommodate the influx of COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: covid-19; norway; patients; sars; surgery
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        item: #4985 of 5187
          id: cord-352196-rpyoeg9n
      author: Alberici, Federico
       title: A report from the Brescia Renal COVID Task Force on the clinical characteristics and short-term outcome of hemodialysis patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
        date: 2020-05-08
       words: 2632
      flesch: 46
     summary: Reports would suggest a more severe disease course in patients with CKD(2) although outcomes in MHD patients is still unclear with earlier small case series suggesting a milder course (3) . Management of MHD patients in the context of an epidemic poses several challenges: this group of patients usually requires caregiver assistance, transportation from home to the dialysis units as well as spending periods of time in crowded waiting areas before and after treatment (4) .
    keywords: ards; diagnosis; disease; patients; sars; symptoms
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        item: #4986 of 5187
          id: cord-352228-dzkf7c7l
      author: Fontanet, Arnaud
       title: Cluster of COVID-19 in northern France: A retrospective closed cohort study
        date: 2020-04-23
       words: 4250
      flesch: 49
     summary: Major symptoms had been experienced by 321(48.6%) of study participants, minor symptoms by 131 (19.8%), while 209 (31.6%) had not noticed any symptom during the period covered by the study. An additional 345 parents and siblings of high school pupils were also invited to participate in the study.
    keywords: april; covid-19; license; medrxiv; preprint; sars; study; symptoms
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        item: #4987 of 5187
          id: cord-352230-8mazd3eu
      author: Beeraka, Narasimha M.
       title: Strategies for Targeting SARS CoV-2: Small Molecule Inhibitors—The Current Status
        date: 2020-09-18
       words: 9423
      flesch: 23
     summary: A second, non-canonical RNA-dependent RNA polymerase in SARS Coronavirus Zn2+ inhibits coronavirus and arterivirus RNA polymerase activity in vitro and zinc ionophores block the replication of these viruses in cell culture Identification and characterization of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus replicase proteins Molecular cloning, expression, and purification of SARS-CoV nsp13 Multiple enzymatic activities associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus helicase Inhibition of SARS coronavirus helicase by bismuth complexes Bismuth complexes inhibit the SARS coronavirus Human monoclonal antibody as prophylaxis for SARS coronavirus infection in ferrets Single-dose intranasal administration with mDEF201 (adenovirus vectored mouse interferon-alpha) confers protection from mortality in a lethal SARS-CoV BALB/c mouse model Interferon alfacon 1 inhibits SARS-CoV infection in human bronchial epithelial Calu-3 cells A new mouse-adapted strain of SARS-CoV as a lethal model for evaluating antiviral agents in vitro and in vivo Toll like receptor-3 ligand poly-ICLC promotes the efficacy of peripheral vaccinations with tumor antigen-derived peptide epitopes in murine CNS tumor models Nonstructural proteins 7 and 8 of feline coronavirus form a 2: 1 heterotrimer that exhibits primer-independent RNA polymerase activity New nsp8 isoform suggests mechanism for tuning viral RNA synthesis Breakthrough: chloroquine phosphate has shown apparent efficacy in treatment of COVID-19 associated pneumonia in clinical studies A trial of lopinavirritonavir in adults hospitalized with severe Covid-19 The proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2 Trypsin treatment unlocks barrier for zoonotic bat coronavirus infection Twoyear prospective study of the humoral immune response of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Hydrolysis of biological peptides by human angiotensinconverting enzyme-related carboxypeptidase Evaluation of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), its homologue ACE2 and neprilysin in angiotensin peptide metabolism ACE2: from vasopeptidase to SARS virus receptor Structure-based pharmacophore design and virtual screening for novel angiotensin converting enzyme 2 inhibitors Role of the ACE2/angiotensin 1-7 axis of the renin-angiotensin system in heart failure Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), but not ACE, is preferentially localized to the apical surface of polarized kidney cells ACE2-mediated reduction of oxidative stress in the central nervous system is associated with improvement of autonomic function Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China Evolution of the novel coronavirus from the ongoing Wuhan outbreak and modeling of its spike protein for risk of human transmission Hypothesis: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers may increase the risk of severe COVID-19 Evaluation of interferon inducers, ribavirin and mouse hyperimmune serum in a pathogenesis/lethal mouse model using a mouse-adapted SARS-CoV Enhancement of the infectivity of SARS-CoV in BALB/c mice by IMP dehydrogenase inhibitors, including ribavirin Is the anti-psychotic, 10-(3-(dimethylamino) propyl) phenothiazine (promazine), a potential drug with which to treat SARS infections?: The molecular biology of SARS coronavirus An overall picture of SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) genome-encoded major proteins: structures, functions and drug development M and N proteins of SARS coronavirus induce apoptosis in HPF cells The SARS-Coronavirus Membrane protein induces apoptosis through modulating the Akt survival pathway Ribonucleocapsid formation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus through molecular action of the N-terminal domain of N protein Structure of the SARS coronavirus nucleocapsid protein RNA-binding dimerization domain suggests a mechanism for helical packaging of viral RNA Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 7a accessory protein is a viral structural protein SARS coronavirus 7a protein blocks cell cycle progression at G0/G1 phase via the cyclin D3/pRb pathway SARS coronavirus protein 7a interacts with human Ap 4 A-hydrolase Using siRNA in prophylactic and therapeutic regimens against SARS coronavirus in Rhesus macaque siRNA targeting the leader sequence of SARS-CoV inhibits virus replication Inhibition of genes expression of SARS coronavirus by synthetic small interfering RNAs Inhibition of severe acute respiratory syndrome virus replication by small interfering RNAs in mammalian cells Inhibition of SARS-CoV replication by siRNA Prophylactic and therapeutic effects of small interfering RNA targeting SARS coronavirus Screening of drugs by FRET analysis identifies inhibitors of SARS-CoV 3CL protease Recent developments in anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus chemotherapy Deubiquitinating activity of the SARS-CoV papain-like protease Selectivity in ISG15 and ubiquitin recognition by the SARS coronavirus papain-like protease Drug design targeting the main protease, the Achilles' heel of coronaviruses Characterization and inhibition of SARScoronavirus main protease Enzymatic activity of the SARS coronavirus main proteinase dimer
    keywords: acute; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; efficacy; entry; host; human; infection; influenza; inhibitors; lung; novel; protease; protein; receptor; replication; sars; stress; studies; syndrome; tmprss2
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        item: #4988 of 5187
          id: cord-352256-qxdakdk0
      author: Yousefi, Bahman
       title: A global treatments for coronaviruses including COVID‐19
        date: 2020-05-11
       words: 4045
      flesch: 31
     summary: A retrospective cohort study New insights on the antiviral effects of chloroquine against coronavirus: What to expect for COVID-19? Mycophenolic acid inhibits dengue virus infection by preventing replication of viral RNA Treatment with interferon-α2b and ribavirin improves outcome in MERS-CoV-infected rhesus macaques Effectiveness of favipiravir (T-705) against wildtype and oseltamivir-resistant influenza B virus in mice Favipiravir (T-705), a broad spectrum inhibitor of viral RNA polymerase Isolation and characterization of a bat SARS-like coronavirus that uses the ACE2 receptor Mechanisms of action of ribavirin against distinct viruses Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus. Neuraminidase inhibitors such as oseltamivir, peramivir, and zanamivir are invalid for 2019‐nCoV and are not recommended for treatment but protease inhibitors such as lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) inhibit the progression of MERS‐CoV disease and can be useful for patients of COVID‐19 and, in combination with Arbidol, has a direct antiviral effect on early replication of SARS‐CoV. Ribavirin reduces hemoglobin concentrations in respiratory patients, and remdesivir improves respiratory symptoms.
    keywords: ace2; coronavirus; cov; ncov; patients; receptor; ribavirin; sars; treatment
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        item: #4989 of 5187
          id: cord-352281-9huyb4cs
      author: Ayoub, Houssein H.
       title: Age could be driving variable SARS-CoV-2 epidemic trajectories worldwide
        date: 2020-04-17
       words: 5132
      flesch: 48
     summary: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.13.20059253 doi: medRxiv preprint Figure 1 : Estimates for the basic reproduction number, R0, and the number of days needed for the national epidemic to reach its incidence peak, in select countries. 13.20059253 doi: medRxiv preprint Figure S7 : Age-specific cumulative incidence of the 2009 influenza A (H1N1) pandemic (H1N1pdm) virus [13] .
    keywords: age; countries; disease; epidemic; medrxiv; medrxiv preprint; preprint
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        item: #4990 of 5187
          id: cord-352296-rpjehijd
      author: Azzi, Lorenzo
       title: Two cases of COVID‐19 with positive salivary and negative pharyngeal or respiratory swabs at hospital discharge: A rising concern
        date: 2020-05-11
       words: 643
      flesch: 41
     summary: key: cord-352296-rpjehijd authors: Azzi, Lorenzo; Carcano, Giulio; Dalla Gasperina, Daniella; Sessa, Fausto; Maurino, Vittorio; Baj, Andreina title: Two cases of COVID‐19 with positive salivary and negative pharyngeal or respiratory swabs at hospital discharge: A rising concern date: 2020-05-11 journal: Oral Dis DOI: 10.1111/odi.13368 sha: doc_id: 352296 cord_uid: rpjehijd We report two cases of COVID‐19 showing negative respiratory swabs but positive salivary samples at the same time. During our research, we found two patients out of 25 subjects (i.e., 8%) affected by COVID-19 with different degrees of severity, who showed positive salivary results on the same days when their pharyngeal or bronchoalveolar swabs proved to be negative .
    keywords: salivary; swabs
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        item: #4991 of 5187
          id: cord-352304-tt2q5mgs
      author: Sun, Dan
       title: Clinical features of severe pediatric patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in Wuhan: a single center’s observational study
        date: 2020-03-19
       words: 3241
      flesch: 48
     summary: On entering the outbreak stage and improvement of pathogen detection, pediatric patients (even newborns) have been reported increasingly Children have special immune response system which is distinct from adults [19] ; therefore, pediatric patients with COVID-19 have their own clinical features and therapeutic responses [20] .
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; disease; february; patients; sars; wuhan
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        item: #4992 of 5187
          id: cord-352322-tsjwnvkk
      author: Khamassi Khbou, Médiha
       title: Coronaviruses in farm animals: Epidemiology and public health implications
        date: 2020-09-25
       words: 8119
      flesch: 31
     summary: Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 7.0 for bigger datasets Coronavirus: How a large RNA viral genome is replicated and transcribed First genome sequences of buffalo coronavirus from water buffaloes in Bangladesh Isolation and characterization of a novel Betacoronavirus subgroup A coronavirus, rabbit coronavirus HKU14, from domestic rabbits Porcine respiratory coronavirus: Molecular features and virus-host interactions Detection and phylogenetic analysis of porcine deltacoronavirus in Korean swine farms Causative agents and epidemiology of diarrhea in Korean native calves Structure, function, and evolution of coronavirus spike proteins Full-length genome sequence of porcine deltacoronavirus strain USA/IA/2014/8734 Complete genome sequence of a novel swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus Susceptibility of chickens to porcine deltacoronavirus infection Mutation in spike protein cleavage site and pathogenesis of feline coronavirus Infectious bronchitis virus variants: Molecular analysis and pathogenicity investigation Bovine coronavirus in neonatal calf diarrhoea in Iran Role of transportation in spread of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infection. Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases Differential production of proinflammatory cytokines in the pig lung during different respiratory virus infections:
    keywords: animal; bcov; bovine; calves; coronavirus; cov; covs; diarrhea; disease; epidemic; et al; humans; infection; mers; new; pigs; porcine; prevalence; sars; species; swine; syndrome
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        item: #4993 of 5187
          id: cord-352341-dhc748pn
      author: Miranda-Zazueta, G.
       title: Manejo farmacológico de pacientes con enfermedades hepáticas y pancreáticas que involucran terapias inmunosupresoras. Posicionamiento en el marco de la pandemia de SARS-COV-2 (COVID-19)
        date: 2020-06-17
       words: 4120
      flesch: 37
     summary: La atención de la mayoría de los pacientes y el ajuste de tratamiento se ha realizado vía telefónica o mediante En el caso de la inducción de la remisión, habrá que seleccionar y diferenciar adecuadamente a los pacientes con necesidad de tratamiento urgente (ictericia obstructiva, dolor abdominal) de aquellos con J o u r n a l P r e -p
    keywords: casos; con; cov-2; covid-19; del; dosis; enfermedad; este; hepático; infección; inmunosupresión; las; los; mayor; pacientes; para; por; puede; que; riesgo; sars; sin; trasplante; tratamiento
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        item: #4994 of 5187
          id: cord-352365-b9cmviny
      author: Marchetti, Monia
       title: COVID-19-driven endothelial damage: complement, HIF-1, and ABL2 are potential pathways of damage and targets for cure
        date: 2020-06-24
       words: 3899
      flesch: 26
     summary: [9, 10] , while both C3a and C5a increase endothelial permeability and activate endothelial cells, thereby increasing the expression of adhesion molecules and cytokines [11, 12] , and the distal complement activation product C5 b-9 triggers intracellular fluxes of calcium in epithelial and endothelial cells. This downregulation enhances C3a release and caspase 3 deposition onto endothelial cells [13] .
    keywords: ards; c5a; cells; complement; covid-19; damage; endothelial; imatinib; injury; lung; patients; sars
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        item: #4995 of 5187
          id: cord-352379-q5inrxcm
      author: Lai, Michael M. C.
       title: SARS virus: The beginning of the unraveling of a new coronavirus
        date: 2003-10-17
       words: 7005
      flesch: 45
     summary: key: cord-352379-q5inrxcm authors: Lai, Michael M. C. title: SARS virus: The beginning of the unraveling of a new coronavirus date: 2003-10-17 journal: J Biomed Sci DOI: 10.1007/bf02256318 sha: doc_id: 352379 cord_uid: q5inrxcm Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) virus caused a severe outbreak in several regions of the world in 2003. The comparative studies of other coronaviruses offer insights into the understanding of SARS virus.
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; gene; genome; group; infection; mhv; protein; recombination; rna; sars; sars virus; vaccines; virus
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        item: #4996 of 5187
          id: cord-352433-sts48u9i
      author: Galanti, Marta
       title: Direct Observation of Repeated Infections With Endemic Coronaviruses
        date: 2020-07-07
       words: 3831
      flesch: 37
     summary: bioRxiv Influenza A: infection and reinfection Antibody-dependent enhancement of virus infection and disease Influenza A reinfection in sequential human challenge: implications for protective immunity and universal vaccine development Immunity to and frequency of reinfection with respiratory syncytial virus Molecular analysis of respiratory syncytial virus reinfections in infants from coastal Kenya Rises in titers of antibody to human coronaviruses OC43 and 229E in Seattle families during 1975-1979 Prolonged shedding of rhinovirus and re-infection in adults with respiratory tract illness Longitudinal active sampling for respiratory viral infections across age groups Asymptomatic summertime shedding of respiratory viruses Repeated Endemic Coronavirus Infection � jid 2020:XX (XX XXXX First infection by all four non-severe acute respiratory syndrome human coronaviruses takes place during childhood Rates of asymptomatic respiratory virus infection across age groups Development of a nucleocapsid-based human coronavirus immunoassay and estimates of individuals exposed to coronavirus in a U.S. metropolitan population Enzymelinked immunosorbent assay for detection of antibody in volunteers experimentally infected with human coronavirus strain 229 E The time course of the immune response to experimental coronavirus infection of man Middle East respiratory syndrome vaccines Antibody to virus components in volunteers experimentally infected with human coronavirus 229E group viruses Viral infections of humans Neutralizing antibody decay and lack of contact transmission after inoculation of 3-and 4-day-old piglets with porcine respiratory coronavirus Effective clearance of mouse hepatitis virus from the central nervous system requires both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells Longitudinal profile of antibodies against SARS-coronavirus in SARS patients and their clinical significance Persistence of antibodies against Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Lack of peripheral memory B cell responses in recovered patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome: a six-year follow-up study National Respiratory and Enteric Virus Surveillance System Genetic susceptibility to respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis is predominantly associated with innate immune genes Genetic associations with viral respiratory illnesses and asthma control in children Evolution of the immune system in humans from infancy to old age
    keywords: coronavirus; individuals; infection; respiratory; sars; study; symptom; weeks
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        item: #4997 of 5187
          id: cord-352509-qrzt4zva
      author: Chen, Haohui
       title: Social distance and SARS memory: impact on the public awareness of 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak
        date: 2020-03-16
       words: 3904
      flesch: 56
     summary: key: cord-352509-qrzt4zva authors: Chen, Haohui; Xu, Weipan; Paris, Cecile; Reeson, Andrew; Li, Xun title: Social distance and SARS memory: impact on the public awareness of 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak date: 2020-03-16 journal: nan DOI: 10.1101/2020.03.11.20033688 sha: doc_id: 352509 cord_uid: qrzt4zva This study examines publicly available online search data in China to investigate the spread of public awareness of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak. Public awareness is important in managing the spread of infectious diseases.
    keywords: awareness; cities; memory; outbreak; public; sars; wuhan
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        item: #4998 of 5187
          id: cord-352526-t8odetzw
      author: Pinto, Bruna G G
       title: ACE2 Expression is Increased in the Lungs of Patients with Comorbidities Associated with Severe COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-11
       words: 3033
      flesch: 36
     summary: The fact that ACE2 gene is located in the X chromosome, and the initial findings showing that older males with comorbidities are more likely to be have severe COVID-19 compared to females (1), indicate that ACE2 expression in the lung may be sex-biased. From this analysis, we found that ACE2 expression could be regulated by enzymes that modify histones, including KDM5B. This identification of a common molecular mechanism of increased COVID-19 severity in patients with diverse comorbidities could direct the development of interventions to reduce the infection risk and disease severity in this population.
    keywords: ace2; comorbidities; covid-19; disease; expression; hypertension; lung; patients; pulmonary
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        item: #4999 of 5187
          id: cord-352557-l7sahv5t
      author: Takla, Michael
       title: Chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, and COVID-19: systematic review and narrative synthesis of efficacy and safety
        date: 2020-11-13
       words: 7595
      flesch: 34
     summary: 10% of HCQ patients experienced averse ECG modifications requiring cessation of treatment after a median of 4 days. HCQ patients had lower prevalence of comorbidities, except hepatic cirrhosis.
    keywords: control; covid-19; covid-19 patients; data; day; et al; evidence; hcq; hydroxychloroquine; patients; safety; studies; study; treatment
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        item: #5000 of 5187
          id: cord-352562-qfb478sf
      author: Yamamoto, Lidia
       title: SARS-CoV-2 infections with emphasis on pediatric patients: a narrative review
        date: 2020-09-04
       words: 7323
      flesch: 34
     summary: Xiang et al. 52 tested 126 serum samples from COVID-19 patients, with 57.1% IgM sensitivity, 100% specificity and 69% accuracy. Criteria for releasing COVID-19 patients from isolation SARS and MERS: recent insights into emerging coronaviruses Understanding evolution of SARS-CoV-2: a perspective from analysis of genetic diversity of RdRp gene Emerging genetic diversity among clinical isolates of SARS-CoV-2: lessons for today The epidemiology and pathogenesis of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak Real estimates of mortality following COVID-19 infection Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 26 asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 carriers SARS-CoV-2 receptor and regulator of the Renin-Angiotensin system: celebrating the 20th anniversary of the discovery of ACE2 Severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in children and adolescents: a systematic review The origin, transmission and clinical therapies on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak -an update on the status Gastrointestinal manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection and virus load in fecal samples from the Hong Kong cohort and systematic review and meta-analysis Kidney involvement in COVID-19 and rationale for extracorporeal therapies Neurologic manifestations of hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease Computed tomographic imaging of 3 patients with Coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia with negative virus real-time reversetranscription Polymerase Chain Reaction test Nasal gene expression of Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in children and adults Ocular manifestations of a hospitalised patient with confirmed 2019 novel coronavirus disease Chilblain-like lesions in children following suspected COVID-19 infection Androgen regulates SARS-CoV-2 receptor levels and is associated with severe COVID-19 symptoms in men Physiological and pathological regulation of ACE2, the SARS-CoV-2 receptor COVID-19 infection and circulating ACE2 levels: protective role in women and children Coronavirus infections in children including COVID-19: an overview of the epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and prevention options in children Coronavirus disease 2019 in critically ill children: a narrative review of the literature SARS-COV-2 infection in children and newborns: a systematic review SARS-CoV-2 infection in children COVID-19 in children and adolescents in Europe: a multinational, multicentre cohort study Coinfection of SARS-CoV-2 and multiple respiratory pathogens in children Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in U.S. children and adolescents Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children in New York State Flash survey on severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus-2 infections in paediatric patients on anticancer treatment e65 SARS-CoV-2 infections with emphasis on pediatric patients: a narrative review How is immunosuppressive status affecting children and adults in SARS-CoV-2 infection?
    keywords: ace2; antibodies; children; cov-2; covid-19; days; disease; infection; patients; pcr; sars; symptoms; syndrome; women
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        item: #5001 of 5187
          id: cord-352577-h3652seb
      author: Kopić, Jasminka
       title: Expanding the Use of Noninvasive Ventilation During an Epidemic
        date: 2014-08-27
       words: 3341
      flesch: 29
     summary: Importantly, in a retrospective analysis comparing the efficacy of NIV against invasive ventilation in SARS patients with respiratory failure, Yam et al reported that no HCW caring for NIV patients was infected and that standard personal protective equipment, including surgical masks, was as effective as the more sophisticated protective equipment used later in the outbreak. We discuss NIV use during epidemics and indicate the need for prospective randomized clinical studies on the efficacy of NIV in epidemic conditions to provide important information to the current body of literature.
    keywords: care; epidemic; failure; niv; patients; respiratory; use; ventilation
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        item: #5002 of 5187
          id: cord-352580-l6vkzja0
      author: Iltaf, Samar
       title: Frequency of Neurological Presentations of Coronavirus Disease in Patients Presenting to a Tertiary Care Hospital During the 2019 Coronavirus Disease Pandemic
        date: 2020-08-18
       words: 2270
      flesch: 38
     summary: Patients positive for immunoglobulin G antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 were excluded, as were patients with prior neurological or psychiatric diseases, systemic malignancy, hypercoagulability state, intracranial tumors, uncontrolled hypertension or diabetes mellitus, extremes of ages or anemia. A survey on neurological manifestations was specially designed for COVID-19 patients by researchers in the clinical faculty of the neurology department.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; manifestations; patients; sars; study
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        item: #5003 of 5187
          id: cord-352642-u513wnu1
      author: Patrocínio de Jesus, Rita
       title: Reactivation of SARS-CoV-2 after Asymptomatic Infection while on High-Dose Corticosteroids. Case Report
        date: 2020-10-02
       words: 2218
      flesch: 37
     summary: A recent study which compared IgA, IgM, and IgG responses in COVID-19 patients [10] has showed that medium seroconversion time was 4 to 6 days for IgA and IgM and 5 to 10 days for IgG. Notably, this patient's IgA levels were not available on the first serology sample collected on the seventh day after symptoms onset, which is of importance since IgA detection seems to show the highest sensitivity at the beginning of disease (highest positive diagnostic rate at 4 to 10 days after symptom onset) Fluctuating shedding of SARS-CoV-2 has been described on COVID-19 patients [12, 13] and not only has asymptomatic infection been associated with a higher likelihood of SARS-CoV-2 RNA clearance within the first week of diagnosis when compared with symptomatic infection [14] but there have also been reports of COVID-19 reactivation
    keywords: asymptomatic; cov-2; covid-19; days; patients; sars
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        item: #5004 of 5187
          id: cord-352668-qjlqsb2k
      author: Cabello, Francisco
       title: Consensus on Recommendations for Safe Sexual Activity during the COVID-19 Coronavirus Pandemic
        date: 2020-07-20
       words: 4842
      flesch: 37
     summary: Possible pharmaceutical and behavioral approaches Sexual function and depressive symptoms among male North American medical students Intimacy and belonging: The association between sexual activity and depression among older adults Factors associated with sexual health and well being in older adulthood Feeling Good is Good for you: How Pleasure Can Boost Your Immune System and Lengthen Your Life Sex for the mature adult: Health, self-esteem and countering ageist stereotypes Secrets of the Super Young Is good sex good for you? In all other cases (for those under quarantine, those with some clinical symptoms, health professionals in contact with COVID-19 patients, and during pregnancy), abstaining from coital/oral/anal sex, substituting it with masturbatory or virtual sexual activity to provide maximum protection from the contagion, and increasing the benefits inherent to sexual activity are recommended.
    keywords: activity; cov-2; covid-19; days; health; pandemic; partner; risk; sars; sex
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        item: #5005 of 5187
          id: cord-352678-8f2ygul2
      author: Prasad, Ashish
       title: Single Virus Targeting Multiple Organs: What We Know and Where We Are Heading?
        date: 2020-08-05
       words: 3497
      flesch: 40
     summary: In another study with COVID-19 patients in China, an early response of IgA instead of IgG was observed in the humoral immune response against SARS-CoV-2 (11) . It has been observed that 5% of COVID-19 patients become critically ill with severe pneumonia and multiple-organ damage and cytokine storm might be a possible explanation for such an observation.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; patients; sars; symptoms; virus
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        item: #5006 of 5187
          id: cord-352720-z1cvjc2y
      author: Díaz-Corvillón, Pilar
       title: Routine screening for SARS CoV-2 in unselected pregnant women at delivery
        date: 2020-09-29
       words: 4063
      flesch: 43
     summary: All neonates born from mothers with confirmed SARS CoV-2 were isolated and tested for SARS CoV-2 infection. To assess the prevalence of SARS CoV-2 infection in an unselected obstetrical population and to describe their presentation and clinical evolution.
    keywords: cases; cov-2; infection; patients; population; prevalence; sars; study
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        item: #5007 of 5187
          id: cord-352737-3ttrx3lf
      author: Cunha, Lucas Leite
       title: Remodeling of the Immune Response With Aging: Immunosenescence and Its Potential Impact on COVID-19 Immune Response
        date: 2020-08-07
       words: 6832
      flesch: 27
     summary: In fact, diet, exercise, xenobiotic exposure, and other environmental factors may epigenetically affect the metabolic health of immune cells (22) . Reduced neutrophil chemotaxis and infiltration contributes to delayed resolution of cutaneous wound infection with advanced age Granule exocytosis mediates immune surveillance of senescent cells Reduced release and binding of perforin at the immunological synapse underlies the age-related decline in natural killer cell cytotoxicity Age-related changes in natural killer cell receptors from childhood through old age Phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibition restores neutrophil accuracy in the elderly: toward targeted treatments for immunosenescence Age-related alterations in the inflammatory response to dermal injury Functionally distinct hematopoietic stem cells modulate hematopoietic lineage potential during aging by a mechanism of clonal expansion Peripheral blood dendritic cells and monocytes are differently regulated in the elderly Aging of the innate immune system Neutrophil extracellular traps kill bacteria Deficiency of adenosine deaminase 2 triggers adenosinemediated NETosis and TNF production in patients with DADA2 Impaired neutrophil extracellular trap formation: a novel defect in the innate immune system of aged individuals Senescence in innate immune responses: reduced neutrophil phagocytic capacity and CD16 expression in elderly humans Effect of age on human neutrophil function Neutrophil ageing and immunesenescence Cellular signaling in the aging immune system Signal transduction and functional changes in neutrophils with aging Effects of aging on triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM)-1-induced PMN functions Leukocyte function and life span in a murine model of premature immunosenescence Relation of behaviour and macrophage function to life span in a murine model of premature immunosenescence Oxidativeinflammatory stress in immune cells from adult mice with premature aging Premature aging in behavior and immune functions in tyrosine hydroxylase haploinsufficient female mice.
    keywords: age; aging; cells; cov-2; covid-19; disease; immune; immunosenescence; patients; response; sars; system
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        item: #5008 of 5187
          id: cord-352741-0pdeehai
      author: Geramizadeh, Bita
       title: Histopathologic Findings of Coronavirus in Lung: A Mini-Review
        date: 2020-10-12
       words: 2161
      flesch: 37
     summary: Coronaviruses: an overview of their replication and pathogenesis Emerging coronaviruses: genome structure, replication, and pathogenesis Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a systematic review of imaging findings in 919 patients Pulmonary pathology of earlyphase 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia in two patients with lung cancer Lung pathology of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): a study of 8 autopsy cases from Singapore Analysis of deaths during the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic in Singapore. Challenges in determining a SARS diagnosis The clinical pathology of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): a report from China Lung pathology of fatal severe acute respiratory syndrome Multiple organ infection and the pathogenesis of SARS Pulmonary pathology and COVID-19: lessons from autopsy.
    keywords: alveolar; findings; lung; sars; syndrome
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        item: #5009 of 5187
          id: cord-352768-16vgnq14
      author: Tang, Qingquan
       title: Application of siRNA Against SARS in the Rhesus Macaque Model
        date: 2008
       words: 4390
      flesch: 35
     summary: Observations of SCV-induced SARS-like symptoms, measurements of SCV RNA presence in the respiratory tract, microscopic inspections of lung histopathology, and immunohistochemistry sections from 21 tested macaques consistently demonstrated siRNA-mediated anti-SCV activity. The antiviral effect of interferon-against SARS-coronavirus is not mediated by MxA protein Interferonbeta and interferon-gamma synergistically inhibit the replication of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) Pegylated interferonprotects type 1 pneumocytes against SARS coronavirus infection in macaques Macaque model for severe acute respiratory syndrome Histological changes in SARS-CoV infected rhesus monkeys Virologic and serologic detection of SARS-CaV in infected rhesus monkey Recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara expressing the spike glycoprotein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus induces protective neutralizing antibodies primarily targeting the receptor binding region An animal model of SARS produced by infection of Macaca mulatta with SARS coronavirus Inhibition of virus replication by RNA interference Phenotypic silencing of cytoplasmic genes using sequence-specific double-stranded short interfering RNA and its application in the reverse genetics of wild type negative-strand RNA viruses Prophylactic and therapeutic effects of small interfering RNA targeting SARS-coronavirus SARS virus inhibited by siRNA.
    keywords: coronavirus; fig; lung; macaque; model; sars; scv; sirna; sisc2; study; syndrome
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        item: #5010 of 5187
          id: cord-352779-zdtpnip0
      author: Patti, Ravi Karan
       title: Subacute Aspergillosis “Fungal Balls” Complicating COVID-19
        date: 2020-10-15
       words: 1552
      flesch: 32
     summary: Commonly known manifestations of Aspergillosis sp are aspergilloma, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA), tracheobronchial aspergillosis, and chronic pulmonary aspergillosis. Subacute invasive pulmonary aspergillosis as a superimposed infection in patients with SARS-CoV-2 is a rare entity.
    keywords: aspergillosis; covid-19; infection; sars; subacute
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        item: #5011 of 5187
          id: cord-352796-6einbent
      author: Theodore Coroneo, Minas
       title: The eye as the discrete but defensible portal of coronavirus infection
        date: 2020-05-21
       words: 5345
      flesch: 31
     summary: Since this 1919 study (5), a number of other studies have investigated ocular surface area and reported as a total (for two eyes) as 226-426 (25) and 300-640 mm 2 (26) , indicating that the figure from Maxcy's early study (5) was a good estimate (Table 1) of the visible ocular surface. For instance, investigations can include initial local delivery of a combination of chloroquine, zinc and azithromycin to the eyelids and ocular surface with eye drops or a spray/aerosol.
    keywords: ace2; area; chloroquine; coronavirus; cov-2; disease; eye; human; infection; receptor; sars; study; surface; transmission
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        item: #5012 of 5187
          id: cord-352799-qmzh976f
      author: Paquin, Leo J.
       title: Was WHO SARS-related Travel Advisory for Toronto Ethical?
        date: 2007-05-01
       words: 2303
      flesch: 62
     summary: In addition, SARS cases in Toronto were initially hand counted rather than entered into a global database. However, as suggested in the Naylor report, issuing a travel advisory does not keep infected individuals from leaving Toronto and such individuals account for 5 of 6 cases where SARS was spread from Canada.
    keywords: advisory; health; sars; toronto; travel
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        item: #5013 of 5187
          id: cord-352814-fcl2g5wr
      author: Balboni, Andrea
       title: A Real-Time PCR Assay for Bat SARS-Like Coronavirus Detection and Its Application to Italian Greater Horseshoe Bat Faecal Sample Surveys
        date: 2011-11-22
       words: 4005
      flesch: 39
     summary: The interassay variability was tested on bat samples by testing the three samples with different viral concentrations (B1, B2, and B3) in triplicate on three different days (Table 2) . Bat samples were considered positive if the mean of three replicates was greater than the LOD.
    keywords: bat; bats; coronavirus; like; pcr; plasmid; rna; sars; standard; time
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        item: #5014 of 5187
          id: cord-352849-vd62r8qu
      author: Artesi, M.
       title: Failure of the cobas(R) SARS-CoV-2 (Roche) E-gene assay is associated with a C-to-T transition at position 26340 of the SARS-CoV-2 genome
        date: 2020-05-03
       words: 2831
      flesch: 55
     summary: This SNP does not affect the Corman et al E-gene in our hands, however our results highlight how mutations in the virus can generate false negative results. In contrast to other RNA viruses, coronaviruses have a moderate mutation rate due their ability to carry out RNA proofreading [15] .
    keywords: assay; cov-2; gene; pcr; preprint; sars
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        item: #5015 of 5187
          id: cord-352863-6cttilm8
      author: Hennighausen, Lothar
       title: Activation of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor Ace2 through JAK/STAT-dependent enhancers during pregnancy
        date: 2020-09-06
       words: 3456
      flesch: 42
     summary: Its role in the activation of transcriptional enhancers during pregnancy is well established (Lee et al., 2018; Yamaji et al., 2013) . Next, we mined RNA-seq data from our lab and demonstrated increased Ace2 expression throughout pregnancy and lactation ( Figure 1B ) with a pattern similar to that of other prolactin-regulation genes (Lee et al., 2018; Yamaji et al., 2013) .
    keywords: ace2; cov-2; lactation; mammary; pregnancy; sars
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        item: #5016 of 5187
          id: cord-352871-0xgjpd80
      author: Pérez Bartolomé, Francisco
       title: Manifestaciones oftalmológicas del SARS-Cov-2: Revisión de la literatura
        date: 2020-08-08
       words: 4225
      flesch: 42
     summary: Además, el drenaje linfático de la mucosa ocular es el mismo que el de la fosa nasal En este estudio sí se halló una correlación positiva entre la severidad de la infección sistémica y la ocular.
    keywords: casos; como; con; conjuntivitis; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; cuadro; del; disease; enfermedad; infección; las; los; más; novel; ocular; oculares; pacientes; por; que; sars; sólo; también; una; vía
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        item: #5017 of 5187
          id: cord-352886-6lzlt6ur
      author: Bai, Qifeng
       title: MolAICal: a soft tool for 3D drug design of protein targets by artificial intelligence and classical algorithm
        date: 2020-08-11
       words: 6656
      flesch: 47
     summary: Q.B., S.T., H.L. and X.Y. are responsible for the study of drug deep learning model based on molecular SMILES. Q.B., T.X., J.H. and X.Y. are responsible for the study of drug deep graph learning model.
    keywords: cov-2; design; drug; drug design; learning; learning model; ligands; model; molaical; pocket; protein; sars
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        item: #5018 of 5187
          id: cord-352891-ljmkqdzx
      author: Parang, Keykavous
       title: Comparative Antiviral Activity of Remdesivir and Anti-HIV Nucleoside Analogs against Human Coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E)
        date: 2020-05-17
       words: 3177
      flesch: 47
     summary: 3-azido-2,3-dideoxythymidine (AZT) Treatment of chronic hepatitis B in HIV co-infected patients Emtricitabine, a new antiretroviral agent with activity against HIV and hepatitis B virus Emtricitabine (FTC) for the treatment of HIV infection Synthesis and anti-HIV activities of phosphate triester derivatives of 3 -fluoro-2 ,3 -dideoxythymidine and 3 -azido-2 ,3 -dideoxythymidine Synthesis and biological evaluation of fatty acyl ester derivatives of 2 ,3 -didehydro-2 ,3 -dideoxythymidine Synthesis and biological evaluation of fatty acyl ester derivatives of (-)-2 ,3 -dideoxy-3 -thiacytidine Emtricitabine prodrugs with improved anti-HIV activity and cellular uptake Structure of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase from COVID-19 virus We acknowledge ImQuest Biosciences for assistance in conducting the antiviral assays. Human Coronaviruses: A Review of Virus-Host Interactions Coronavirus 229E-related pneumonia in immunocompromised patients Clinical and molecular epidemiological features of coronavirus HKU1-associated community-acquired pneumonia Human coronaviruses A Rare Case of Human Coronavirus 229E Associated with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in a Healthy Adult Prophylactic and therapeutic remdesivir (GS-5734) treatment in the rhesus macaque model of MERS-CoV infection Broad-spectrum antiviral GS-5734 inhibits both epidemic and zoonotic coronaviruses Compassionate Use of Remdesivir for Patients with Severe Covid-19 Coronavirus Susceptibility to the Antiviral Remdesivir (GS-5734) Is Mediated by the Viral Polymerase and the Proofreading Exoribonuclease Learning from the Past: Possible Urgent Prevention and Treatment Options for Severe Acute Respiratory Infections Caused by 2019-nCoV Arguments in favour of remdesivir for treating SARS-CoV-2 infections Broad spectrum antiviral remdesivir inhibits human endemic and zoonotic deltacoronaviruses with a highly divergent RNA dependent RNA polymerase RNA-dependent DNA polymerases Anti-HIV activity of adefovir (PMEA) and PMPA in combination with antiretroviral compounds: In vitro analyses Anti-human immunodeficiency virus activity and cellular metabolism of a potential prodrug of the acyclic nucleoside phosphonate 9-R-(2-phosphonomethoxypropyl)adenine (PMPA) 2 -deoxy-4 -C-ethynyl-2-fluoroadenosine: A nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with highly potent activity against wide spectrum of HIV-1 strains, favorable toxic profiles, and stability in plasma Concise synthesis of the anti-HIV nucleoside EFdA 3 -substituted 2 ,3 -dideoxynucleoside analogues as potential anti-HIV (HTLV-III/LAV) agents Synthesis, in vitro anti-HIV activity, and biological stability of 5 -O-myristoyl analogue derivatives of 3 -fluoro-2 ,3 -dideoxythymidine (FLT) as potential bifunctional prodrugs of FLT In vitro anti-hepatitis B virus activities of 5-O-myristoyl analogue derivatives of 3-fluoro-2,3-dideoxythymidine (FLT) and
    keywords: activity; compounds; coronaviruses; hcov-229e; hiv; remdesivir; rna; sars
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        item: #5019 of 5187
          id: cord-352905-ge3u32hm
      author: Galimberti, Sara
       title: Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Play an Antiviral Action in Patients Affected by Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: A Possible Model Supporting Their Use in the Fight Against SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-09-02
       words: 5398
      flesch: 33
     summary: Firstly, the infection and replication rate of torquetenovirus (TTV), whose load is inversely proportional to the host immunological control, have been measured in CML patients receiving nilotinib. Consequently, in our opinion, the very low percentage of CML patients found to be SARS-CoV-2 positive could be not explained by the inability of the virus to attack the host cells.
    keywords: abl1; cells; cml; coronavirus; covid-19; imatinib; load; patients; sars; study; treatment; ttv; virus
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        item: #5020 of 5187
          id: cord-352909-s11tpfoq
      author: Sun, Zhiping
       title: Survival of SARS-COV-2 under liquid medium, dry filter paper and acidic conditions
        date: 2020-08-14
       words: 1760
      flesch: 56
     summary: Our results show that COVID-19 virus can survive for 3 days in liquid medium or on dry filter paper. Although SARS-COV-2 RNA has been detected in patients' stool 11, 13, 14 , infectious virus was not readily isolated from stool.
    keywords: cov-2; sars; virus
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        item: #5021 of 5187
          id: cord-352911-9wbq9qo2
      author: de Oliveira, Pedro Gonçalves
       title: Diacerein: a potential multi-target therapeutic drug for COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-01
       words: 2551
      flesch: 36
     summary: After 48 hours, cell cultures will be treated with rhein at different concentrations (1 M to 400 M) for 3, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours. Rapid reporting and dissemination of results and its consequences regarding the use of hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19 Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine as available weapons to fight COVID-19 The cytokine storm of severe influenza and development of immunomodulatory therapy Rhein, an anthraquinone drug, suppresses the NLRP3 inflammasome and macrophage activation in urate crystal-induced gouty inflammation Rhein attenuates inflammation through inhibition of NF-κB and NALP3 inflammasome in vivo and in vitro Rhein protects against barrier disruption and inhibits inflammation in intestinal epithelial cells Rhein suppresses lung inflammatory injury induced by human respiratory syncytial virus through inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation via NF-κB pathway in mice Response of young, aged and osteoarthritic human articular chondrocytes to inflammatory cytokines: molecular and cellular aspects Rhein inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal injury during sepsis by blocking the toll-like receptor 4 nuclear factor-κB pathway Efficacy and safety of diacerein and diclofenac in knee osteoarthritis in Indian patients -a prospective randomized open label study Rhein prevents endotoxin-induced acute kidney injury by inhibiting NF-κB activities Anti-inflammatory effects of rhein and crude extracts from Cassia alata L. in HaCaT cells Diacerhein downregulate proinflammatory cytokines expression and decrease the autoimmune diabetes frequency in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice Chrysophanol, an anthraquinone from AST2017-01, possesses the anti-proliferative effect through increasing p53 protein levels in human mast cells Identification of natural compounds with anti-hepatitis B virus activity from
    keywords: anti; cell; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; drug; protein; rhein; sars
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        item: #5022 of 5187
          id: cord-352925-abry6oz3
      author: Lim, Jia Yin
       title: Hardware versus heartware: The need to address psychological well-being among operating room staff during the COVID-19 pandemic
        date: 2020-05-21
       words: 717
      flesch: 37
     summary: It is important to have measures in place to safeguard their mental and physical wellbeing before they take a toll on the individual and the organization, as we continue to provide vital healthcare during this pandemic. Infection prevention and control during health care when novel coronavirus (nCoV) infection is suspected Managing mental health challenges faced by healthcare workers during covid-19 pandemic Psychology of Crisis The psychological impact of the SARS epidemic on hospital employees in China: exposure, risk perception, and altruistic acceptance of risk Factors Associated With Mental Health Outcomes Among Health Care Workers Exposed to Coronavirus Disease The need to address psychological well-being among operating room staff during the COVID-19 pandemic date: 2020-05-21 journal: J Clin Anesth DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2020.109891 sha: doc_id: 352925 cord_uid: abry6oz3 nan Months into the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, healthcare workers continue the fight against an increasing disease burden worldwide.
    keywords: healthcare; pandemic; staff
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        item: #5023 of 5187
          id: cord-352934-ypls4zau
      author: Wan, Jinkai
       title: Human IgG neutralizing monoclonal antibodies block SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-07-03
       words: 2411
      flesch: 40
     summary: key: cord-352934-ypls4zau authors: Wan, Jinkai; Xing, Shenghui; Ding, Longfei; Wang, Yongheng; Gu, Chenjian; Wu, Yanling; Rong, Bowen; Li, Cheng; Wang, Siqing; Chen, Kun; He, Chenxi; Zhu, Dandan; Yuan, Songhua; Qiu, Chengli; Zhao, Chen; Nie, Lei; Gao, Zhangzhao; Jiao, Jingyu; Zhang, Xiaoyan; Wang, Xiangxi; Ying, Tianlei; Wang, Haibin; Xie, Youhua; Lu, Yanan; Xu, Jianqing; Lan, Fei title: Human IgG neutralizing monoclonal antibodies block SARS-CoV-2 infection date: 2020-07-03 journal: Cell Rep DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107918 sha: doc_id: 352934 cord_uid: ypls4zau Summary COVID-19 has become a worldwide threat to humans, and neutralizing antibodies have therapeutic potential. And we further confirmed that 553-13 and To identify neutralizing antibodies, we first employed pseudoviral infection assays 170 using HEK293T-ACE2 cells.
    keywords: antibodies; binding; cov-2; figure; rbd; sars
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        item: #5024 of 5187
          id: cord-352935-kb0i58z1
      author: Aguila, Enrik John T.
       title: Repurposed GI Drugs in the Treatment of COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-29
       words: 997
      flesch: 42
     summary: To date, there is still little knowledge on the potential of famotidine and omeprazole as repurposed drugs to treat COVID-19. key: cord-352935-kb0i58z1 authors: Aguila, Enrik John T.; Cua, Ian Homer Y. title: Repurposed GI Drugs in the Treatment of COVID-19 date: 2020-06-29 journal: Dig Dis Sci DOI: 10.1007/s10620-020-06430-z sha: doc_id: 352935 cord_uid: kb0i58z1 nan protease), a key enzyme in the life cycle of the SARS-CoV-2 directly mediating the maturation of nonstructural proteins.
    keywords: covid-19; famotidine; sars
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        item: #5025 of 5187
          id: cord-352943-ztonp62x
      author: Nagpal, Sunil
       title: What if we perceive SARS-CoV-2 genomes as documents? Topic modelling using Latent Dirichlet Allocation to identify mutation signatures and classify SARS-CoV-2 genomes
        date: 2020-08-20
       words: 2780
      flesch: 35
     summary: Topic modelling using Latent Dirichlet Allocation to identify mutation signatures and classify SARS-CoV-2 genomes date: 2020-08-20 journal: bioRxiv DOI: 10.1101/2020.08.20.258772 sha: doc_id: Such an assumption can potentially enable classification of the entire genome corpus by identifying mutation signatures (equivalent to topics in document) through topic modeling.
    keywords: document; genomes; mutation; sars; signatures; topic; words
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        item: #5026 of 5187
          id: cord-352969-rpt7xja6
      author: Kataria, Ashish
       title: COVID-19 in Kidney Transplantation: Epidemiology, Management Considerations, and the Impact on Kidney Transplant Practice
        date: 2020-07-15
       words: 5980
      flesch: 38
     summary: 19 Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay of upper respiratory secretions usually collected with a nasopharyngeal swab is the current diagnostic test of choice for COVID-19 patients. COVID-19 patients have been reported to develop profound lymphopenia.
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; data; disease; kidney; ktrs; patients; population; recipients; sars; studies; study; transplant
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        item: #5027 of 5187
          id: cord-353012-rxhi8wd2
      author: Zhou, Nan
       title: Glycopeptide Antibiotics Potently Inhibit Cathepsin L in the Late Endosome/Lysosome and Block the Entry of Ebola Virus, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV)
        date: 2016-03-07
       words: 6443
      flesch: 42
     summary: Mechanistic studies showed that teicoplanin blocks Ebola virus entry by specifically inhibiting the activity of cathepsin L, opening a novel avenue for the development of additional glycopeptides as potential inhibitors of cathepsin L-dependent viruses. The compound virus pre-incubation assay demonstrated that when teicoplanin was pre-incubated with Ebola/ HIV pseudotyped viruses and then filtered and washed away, the inhibitory effect of the antibiotic on Ebola virus entry did not occur (Fig. 3A) .
    keywords: activity; cathepsin; cells; cov; ebola; entry; fig; hiv; sars; teicoplanin; viruses
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        item: #5028 of 5187
          id: cord-353072-n92atcrx
      author: Kadkhoda, Kamran
       title: COVID-19: an Immunopathological View
        date: 2020-04-22
       words: 2047
      flesch: 37
     summary: Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome Pulmonary pathological features in coronavirus associated severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Exacerbated innate host response to SARS-CoV in aged non-human primates Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study Report of the WHO-China Joint Mission on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). World Health Organization Prevalence of antibodies to four human coronaviruses is lower in nasal secretions than in serum Human coronavirus in young children hospitalized for acute respiratory illness and asymptomatic controls Crystal structure of NL63 respiratory coronavirus receptor-binding domain complexed with its human receptor Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus.
    keywords: ade; cells; coronavirus; covid-19; receptor; sars; syndrome
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        item: #5029 of 5187
          id: cord-353092-4hz2yyl5
      author: Sama, Iziah E
       title: Circulating plasma concentrations of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in men and women with heart failure and effects of renin–angiotensin–aldosterone inhibitors
        date: 2020-05-14
       words: 3477
      flesch: 42
     summary: Some reports have suggested that inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) increase plasma ACE2 concentrations, 5, 13 although these speculations are not supported by a substantial body of research . In both cohorts, plasma ACE2 concentrations (in NPX units) were higher in men than in women.
    keywords: ace2; cohort; concentrations; heart; men; patients; plasma
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        item: #5030 of 5187
          id: cord-353099-38bz0acw
      author: Tang, Mei San
       title: Association between SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies and commercial serological assays
        date: 2020-07-02
       words: 1035
      flesch: 40
     summary: However, there was an 210 increase in the ratio observed in high neutralizing titer patients (6.3, 95% CI; 5.7-6.9) 211 compared to low titer patients (5.1, 95% CI; 4.1-6.1) on the Abbott assay and the EI 212 assay (8.2, 7.1-9.2 vs. 6.1, 4.6-7.6) (Supplemental Table 1 all three commercial assays correlated with higher neutralizing titers, this was not 246 universally true. While a negative result on SARS-CoV-2 serological assays is likely to be associated 255 with the absence of neutralizing antibody titers, a positive result is not reliable for 256 predicting the presence of neutralizing antibodies.
    keywords: assays; sars
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        item: #5031 of 5187
          id: cord-353103-sdij1d90
      author: Yao, Xueting
       title: In Vitro Antiviral Activity and Projection of Optimized Dosing Design of Hydroxychloroquine for the Treatment of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
        date: 2020-03-09
       words: 3455
      flesch: 49
     summary: In this study we aimed to: (i) investigate the antiviral and prophylactic activity of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine in vitro, (ii) build a PBPK model for hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine using data from literature, and, (iii) predict drug concentrations under different dosing regimens using the developed PBPK models. Using the PBPK models, hydroxychloroquine concentrations in lung fluid were simulated under 5 different dosing regimens to explore the most effective regimen whilst considering the drug’s safety profile.
    keywords: data; drug; hydroxychloroquine; lung; pbpk; sars; study; vitro
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        item: #5032 of 5187
          id: cord-353116-7t1prfkr
      author: Bhargava, Ashish
       title: Predictors for Severe COVID-19 Infection
        date: 2020-05-30
       words: 2636
      flesch: 50
     summary: Predictors for severe COVID-19 infection have not been well defined. Severe COVID-19 infection was noted in 74 (37.6%) patients, requiring intubation.
    keywords: covid-19; crp; disease; infection; patients; risk
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        item: #5033 of 5187
          id: cord-353133-tsqb6pa8
      author: Long, Dustin R.
       title: Considerations for Assessing Risk of Provider Exposure to SARS-CoV-2 after a Negative Test
        date: 2020-05-26
       words: 1190
      flesch: 26
     summary: To help providers and clinical leaders grapple with this dynamic uncertainty, we have developed an online tool (https://covid-airway-npv.info) that enables the user to examine the impact of different assumptions regarding SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction test characteristics and disease prevalence on the potential risk of provider exposure during airway management. 5 To inform an example calculation, we use publicly published data for analytic specificity of the Quest Diagnostics reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay (likely 100%, minimum 95%, maximum 100%) and an informed but pessimistic assumption regarding the clinical sensitivity of the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay (likely 90%, minimum 65%, maximum 99%).
    keywords: cov-2; risk; sars; test
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        item: #5034 of 5187
          id: cord-353161-mtq6yh25
      author: Rodrigues, João PGLM
       title: Insights on cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from structural modeling
        date: 2020-06-05
       words: 6174
      flesch: 51
     summary: SARS-CoV-2 neg species lack important polar and charged ACE2 residues On further inspection, we find that SARS-CoV-2 neg models rank worse due to a substantial decrease in electrostatic energy (Figure 3 ), indicating loss of polar interface contacts, namely hydrogen bonds and saltbridges ( Figure 4) . HADDOCK score of individual ACE2 interface residues.
    keywords: ace2; binding; cov-2; haddock; interface; models; neg; rbd; residues; sars; sequence; species
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        item: #5035 of 5187
          id: cord-353200-5csewb1k
      author: Jehi, Lara
       title: Development and validation of a model for individualized prediction of hospitalization risk in 4,536 patients with COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-11
       words: 4349
      flesch: 35
     summary: After that date, testing resources were streamlined through a COVID-19 Hotline which followed recommendations from the Centers for Disease Control (recommending to focus on high risk patients as defined by any of the following: Age older than 60 years old or less than 36 months old; on immune therapy; having comorbidities of cancer, end-stage renal disease, diabetes, hypertension, coronary artery disease, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, lung disease, HIV/AIDS, solid organ transplant; contact with known COVID 19 patients; physician discretion was still allowed). Table 1 provides demographic, exposure, clinical, laboratory, social characteristics, and medication history of COVID-19 patients who were hospitalized versus those who completed their treatment on an outpatient basis in both the DC and VC.
    keywords: cohort; covid-19; data; disease; health; hospitalization; model; patients; prediction; risk; variables
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        item: #5036 of 5187
          id: cord-353209-qkhfp66l
      author: Steiner, Daniel J.
       title: Array-based analysis of SARS-CoV-2, other coronaviruses, and influenza antibodies in convalescent COVID-19 patients
        date: 2020-06-16
       words: 2527
      flesch: 36
     summary: 15 We have previously reported the utility of influenza antigen arrays fabricated on the AIR platform for assessment of anti-influenza antibodies in human, animal, and avian serum, 16, 17 both as a tool for viral surveillance and for assessment of the efficacy of a candidate vaccine. Other coronavirus antigens including nucleocapsid (N) are also likely candidates for addition to the array, as they are known to produce an immune response (as seen in the ELISA results, for example).
    keywords: air; antibodies; antibody; antigen; array; cov-2; influenza; sars
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        item: #5037 of 5187
          id: cord-353217-gmc3qrci
      author: de Miranda Santos, Isabel Kinney Ferreira
       title: Impact of Hydroxychloroquine on Antibody Responses to the SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus
        date: 2020-08-04
       words: 554
      flesch: 6
     summary: However, the most comprehensive publications addressing antibody responses, wherein study subjects presented viability in levels of IgG antibody responses, have not detailed the treatment regimens delivered to the subjects (8) (9) (10) (11) . Observational study of hydroxychloroquine in hospitalized patients with Covid-19 Association of treatment with hydroxychloroquine or azithromycin with in-hospital mortality in patients with COVID-19 in New York State Hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine with or without a macrolide for treatment of COVID-19: a multinational registry analysis Antibody response to preexposure human diploid-cell rabies vaccine given concurrently with chloroquine Humoral immune response to tetanus-diphtheria vaccine given during extended use of chloroquine or primaquine malaria chemoprophylaxis Effect of antimalarial drugs on the immune response to intramuscular rabies vaccination using a postexposure prophylaxis regimen Mechanisms of action of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine: implications for rheumatology Temporal profiles of viral load in posterior oropharyngeal saliva samples and serum antibody responses during infections by SARS-CoV-2: an observational cohort study Detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral and cellular immunity in COVID-19 convalescent individuals Evaluation of the EUROIMMUN anti-SARS-CoV-2 ELISA assay for detection of IgA and IgG antibodies A systematic review of antibody mediated immunity to coronaviruses: antibody kinetics, correlates of protection, and association of antibody responses with severity of disease Available online at: www.who.int/newsroom/commentaries/detail/immunity-passports-in-the-context-of-covid-19 All authors listed have made a substantial, direct and intellectual contribution to the work, and approved it for publication.
    keywords: antibody; responses
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        item: #5038 of 5187
          id: cord-353229-k3zerr83
      author: Akca, Ummusen Kaya
       title: Kawasaki-like disease in children with COVID-19
        date: 2020-09-16
       words: 4380
      flesch: 38
     summary: Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Children-United States Epidemiology and clinical features of coronavirus disease 2019 in children Epidemiological characteristics of 2143 pediatric patients with 2019 coronavirus disease in China New spectrum of COVID-19 manifestations in children: Kawasaki-like syndrome and hyperinflammatory response Predictors of COVID-19 severity: a literature review Kawasaki-like multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children during the covid-19 pandemic Paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome and SARS-CoV-2 infection in children Viral infections associated with Kawasaki disease Association between a novel human coronavirus and Kawasaki disease Kawasaki disease and infection Detection of Epstein-Barr virus DNA in cardiac and aortic tissues from chronic, active Epstein-Barr virus infection associated with Kawasaki disease-like coronary artery aneurysms An outbreak of severe Kawasaki-like disease at the Italian epicentre of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic: an observational cohort study Hyperinflammatory shock in children during COVID-19 pandemic Acute myocarditis and multisystem inflammatory emerging disease following SARS-CoV-2 infection in critically ill children Pediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 mimicking Kawasaki disease (Kawa-COVID-19): a multicentre cohort Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in US children and adolescents Intensive care admissions of children with paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS) in the UK: a multicentre observational study Diagnosis, treatment, and long-term management of Kawasaki disease: a scientific statement for health professionals from the American Heart Association COVID-19 and Kawasaki disease: novel virus and novel case SARS-CoV-2-induced kawasaki-like hyperinflammatory syndrome: a novel COVID phenotype in Children Incomplete Kawasaki disease in a child with COVID-19 COVID-19 associated pediatric multi-system inflammatory Syndrome Erythema multiforme and Kawasaki disease associated with COVID-19 infection in children Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children during the COVID-19 pandemic: a case series Features of COVID-19 post-infectious cytokine release syndrome in children presenting to the emergency department Dermatological manifestation of pediatrics multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with COVID-19 in a 3-year-old girl Multisystem inflammatory syndrome with features of atypical Kawasaki disease during COVID-19 pandemic A case of pediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome temporally associated with COVID-19 in South Dakota Clinical characteristics of 58 children with a pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 Toxic shock-like syndrome and COVID-19: a case report of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) Patterns of myocardial involvement in children during COVID-19 pandemic: Early experience from northern Italy COVID-19 multisystem inflammatory syndrome in three teenagers with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection Paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome: temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS): cardiac features, management and short-term outcomes at a UK Tertiary Paediatric Hospital Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Related to COVID-19 in previously healthy children and adolescents in New York City Severe COVID-19 in children and young adults in the Washington, DC metropolitan region Characteristics, cardiac involvement, and outcomes of multisystem inflammatory disease of childhood (MIS-C) associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection Emergence of Kawasaki disease related to SARS-CoV-2 infection in an epicentre of the French COVID-19 epidemic: a time-series analysis Cardiac MRI of children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) associated with COVID-19: case series Serology confirms SARS-CoV-2 infection in PCR-negative children presenting with Paediatric Inflammatory Multi-System Syndrome Incomplete Kawasaki disease as presentation of COVID-19 infection in an infant: a case report Kawasaki Disease features and myocarditis in a patient with COVID-19 Distinct clinical and immunological features of SARS-COV-2-induced multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children SARS-COV-2 Infection and Kawasaki Disease: case report of a Hitherto Unrecognized Association. This finding suggests that we should maintain a high index of suspicion for incomplete KD in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: children; covid-19; disease; incomplete; kawasaki; manuscript; multisystem; patients; sars; syndrome
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        item: #5039 of 5187
          id: cord-353235-jiqhgf56
      author: Bigliardi, Guido
       title: Middle cerebral artery ischemic stroke and COVID-19: a case report
        date: 2020-09-08
       words: 1067
      flesch: 41
     summary: Lupus anticoagulant and anti-phospholipid antibodies have also been described in COVID-19 patients with thrombotic events (Helms et al. 2020; Zhang et al. 2020 ), but a causal relation has not been proven. This case underlines the importance of constant neurological monitoring in COVID-19 patients during ICU staying, especially in those with suspected thrombotic events, to detect possible neurological complications.
    keywords: covid-19; sars
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        item: #5040 of 5187
          id: cord-353237-rob4ems7
      author: De Maio, Antonio
       title: COVID-19, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT): what is the link?
        date: 2020-05-18
       words: 2864
      flesch: 33
     summary: Although we appear highly enthusiastic about the potential role of HBOT in the treatment of COVID-19 patients, sound clinical trials are needed to test whether or not this intervention could save lives during the current pandemic. Acute respiratory distress syndrome: the Berlin Definition Safety of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in mechanically ventilated patients Endothelial-neutrophil interactions during ischemia and reperfusion injury: basic mechanisms of hyperbaric oxygen Hyperbaric oxygen protects from sepsis mortality via an interleukin-10-dependent mechanism Period of irreversible therapeutic intervention during sepsis correlates with phase of innate immune dysfunction Macrophage reprogramming by negatively charged membrane phospholipids controls infection Modulation of the unfolded protein response by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein Antagonism of dsRNA-induced innate immune pathways by NS4a and NS4b accessory proteins during MERS coronavirus infection The new Sepsis definitions: implications for the basic and translational research communities Genetic determinants influencing the response to injury, inflammation, and sepsis Sepsis: current dogma and new perspectives The effect of hyperbaric oxygen treatment on the renal functions in septic rats: relation to oxidative damage Multiple system organ failure. key: cord-353237-rob4ems7 authors: De Maio, Antonio; Hightower, Lawrence E. title: COVID-19, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT): what is the link? date: 2020-05-18 journal: Cell Stress Chaperones DOI: 10.1007/s12192-020-01121-0 sha: doc_id: 353237 cord_uid: rob4ems7 nan The current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has become an unprecedented challenge for the healthcare system worldwide, with an overwhelming number of patients requiring clinical attention and an unacceptably high mortality rate within critical care facilities.
    keywords: covid-19; hbot; hyperbaric; infection; oxygen; patients; response
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        item: #5041 of 5187
          id: cord-353274-wozwpvpq
      author: Borremans, B.
       title: Quantifying antibody kinetics and RNA shedding during early-phase SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-05-20
       words: 6166
      flesch: 40
     summary: Raw antibody detection probability data are provided in Supplementary Information S1. For the estimation of seroconversion times, 270 data points from 99 individuals were used for IgG, and 240 data points from 71 individuals for IgM. Mean IgG seroconversion time is 13.3 days post symptom onset (dpo) when using ELISA-NP, and 12.6 dpo for IgM using ELISA-Spike (Figure 1a) .
    keywords: antibody; data; igg; license; medrxiv; preprint; sars; time
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        item: #5042 of 5187
          id: cord-353293-vjdwh19x
      author: None
       title: Post-COVID-19 global health strategies: the need for an interdisciplinary approach
        date: 2020-06-11
       words: 3861
      flesch: 32
     summary: It therefore appears appropriate to propose a detailed model for the first assessment (minimum data set for the assessment of COVID-19 patients), providing that subsequent stages can be customized based on the initial findings ( Table 1) . Nothing is known about long-term respiratory sequelae in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: assessment; care; covid-19; disease; infection; patients; phase; post; risk; sars
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        item: #5043 of 5187
          id: cord-353308-e4s8el0s
      author: Parashar, Umesh D
       title: Severe acute respiratory syndrome: review and lessons of the 2003 outbreak
        date: 2004-05-20
       words: 4501
      flesch: 37
     summary: A multicentre collaboration to investigate the cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Update 96-Taiwan, China: SARS transmission interrupted in last outbreak area Koch's postulates fulfilled for SARS virus Newly discovered coronavirus as the primary cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome The genome sequence of the SARS-associated coronavirus Characterization of a novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Role of China in the quest to define and control severe acute respiratory syndrome Prevalence of IgG antibody to SARS-associated coronavirus in animal traders-Guangdong province Isolation and characterization of viruses related to the SARS coronavirus from animals in Southern China SARS virus infection of cats and ferrets SARS-related virus predating SARS outbreak, Hong Kong. 26 Pathological findings in the lungs of SARS patients during the first 10 days of illness include pneumocyte proliferation and desquamation, hyaline membrane formation, mixed inflammatory infiltrate, and intra-alveolar oedema.
    keywords: cases; coronavirus; cov; health; illness; outbreak; patients; sars; syndrome; transmission
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        item: #5044 of 5187
          id: cord-353329-ju3vwlow
      author: Haroon, Khawaja Hassan
       title: COVID-19 Related Cerebrovascular Thromboembolic Complications in Three Young Patients
        date: 2020-09-28
       words: 2018
      flesch: 53
     summary: Recently, three main mechanisms, including hypercoagulopathy, vasculitis and cardiomyopathy leading to stroke in COVID-19 patients, have been described, while the role of various vascular and immune-mediated factors in the pathogenesis of stroke in these patients remain unclear [7] . Still, there remains uncertainty about the mechanisms and treatment options for stroke in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; patients; right; sars; stroke
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        item: #5045 of 5187
          id: cord-353342-2n6kqyeo
      author: Corman, Victor M.
       title: Viral Shedding and Antibody Response in 37 Patients With Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection
        date: 2016-02-15
       words: 4051
      flesch: 50
     summary: WHO/MERS/RA/15 MERS-CoV outbreak in Jeddah-a link to health care facilities An observational, laboratory-based study of outbreaks of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in Jeddah and Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Preliminary epidemiological assessment of MERS-CoV outbreak in South Korea The aetiology, origins, and diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome Detection of a novel human coronavirus by real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction Assays for laboratory confirmation of novel human coronavirus (hCoV-EMC) infections Infectious Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus excretion and serotype variability based on live virus isolates from patients in Saudi Arabia Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 is a functional receptor for the emerging human coronavirus-EMC Transmission of MERS-coronavirus in household contacts Presence of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus antibodies in Saudi Arabia: a nationwide, cross-sectional, serological study Antibodies against MERS coronavirus in dromedary camels Middle East respiratory syndrome Respiratory tract samples, viral load, and genome fraction yield in patients with Middle East respiratory syndrome Evaluation of advanced reverse transcription-PCR assays and an alternative PCR target region for detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus Detection of SARS coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome by conventional and real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR assays The epidemiology of severe acute respiratory syndrome in the 2003 Hong Kong epidemic: an analysis of all 1755 patients Detection of SARS coronavirus in patients with suspected SARS Clinical progression and viral load in a community outbreak of coronavirus-associated SARS pneumonia: a prospective study Efficient replication of the novel human betacoronavirus EMC on primary human epithelium highlights its zoonotic potential Detection of SARS coronavirus in plasma by real-time RT-PCR Quantitative analysis and prognostic implication of SARS coronavirus RNA in the plasma and serum of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus RNA in plasma during the course of infection Multiple organ infection and the pathogenesis of SARS Chemokine up-regulation in SARS-coronavirus-infected, monocyte-derived human dendritic cells SARS-coronavirus replicates in mononuclear cells of peripheral blood (PBMCs) from SARS patients SARS-coronavirus replication in human peripheral monocytes/macrophages Acute renal impairment in coronavirusassociated severe acute respiratory syndrome Enteric involvement of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus infection Contact investigation of a case of human novel coronavirus infection treated in a German hospital Acknowledgments. As in SARS, kidney failure in MERS patients might well be explained by severe inflammatory reaction combined with the administration of potentially nephrotoxic drugs during intensive care
    keywords: cases; coronavirus; cov; mers; patients; rna; samples; sars; syndrome
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        item: #5046 of 5187
          id: cord-353365-ujz5nkk3
      author: Pirnay, Jean-Paul
       title: Study of a SARS-CoV-2 Outbreak in a Belgian Military Education and Training Center in Maradi, Niger
        date: 2020-08-27
       words: 4785
      flesch: 48
     summary: Based, among others, on this epidemiological study, the medical military command decided to continue testing Belgian soldiers for SARS-CoV-2 viral load and antibodies, and this two to three days before a mission abroad or on the high seas, and for specific missions immediately upon their return. Five of them exhibited COVID-19 symptoms (mainly anosmia, ageusia, and fever), while four were asymptomatic.
    keywords: belgium; cov-2; covid-19; data; genomes; maradi; military; niger; samples; sars; soldiers; symptoms; table
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        item: #5047 of 5187
          id: cord-353373-zhkqnu0w
      author: Seidu, Samuel
       title: The impact of obesity on severe disease and mortality in people with SARS‐CoV‐2: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
        date: 2020-08-14
       words: 2877
      flesch: 42
     summary: The review was limited by the small number of included studies, the absence of some key data and the lack of quantitative synthesis. key: cord-353373-zhkqnu0w authors: Seidu, Samuel; Gillies, Clare; Zaccardi, Francesco; Kunutsor, Setor K.; Hartmann‐Boyce, Jamie; Yates, Thomas; Singh, Awadhesh Kumar; Davies, Melanie J.; Khunti, Kamlesh title: The impact of obesity on severe disease and mortality in people with SARS‐CoV‐2: A systematic review and meta‐analysis date: 2020-08-14 journal: Endocrinol Diabetes Metab DOI: 10.1002/edm2.176 sha: doc_id: 353373 cord_uid: zhkqnu0w BACKGROUND:
    keywords: covid-19; disease; obesity; patients; people; risk; studies
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        item: #5048 of 5187
          id: cord-353391-o0s2h0y0
      author: Haj Bloukh, Samir
       title: A Look Behind the Scenes at COVID-19: National Strategies of Infection Control and Their Impact on Mortality
        date: 2020-08-04
       words: 9943
      flesch: 54
     summary: The number of COVID-19 cases in Italy was 233,197 with a population size of 60,431,283 and 33,475 fatalities until 2 June of 2020 ( Figure 4 ) The indoor environment in summer may cause aggravated SARS-CoV-2 transmission patterns and an increase in COVID-19 cases and fatalities.
    keywords: cases; control; countries; cov-2; covid-19; fatalities; figure; health; measures; number; pandemic; sars
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        item: #5049 of 5187
          id: cord-353392-rqeultbq
      author: Kumar, Govindarajan Venkat
       title: A short review on antibody therapy for COVID-19
        date: 2020-04-20
       words: 1947
      flesch: 40
     summary: No evidence of rapid antiviral clearance or clinical benefit with the combination of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin in patients with severe COVID-19 infection A pilot study of hydroxychloroquine sulfate in patients with common 2019 coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) Efficacy of hydroxychloroquine in patients with COVID-19: results of a randomized clinical trial Toxicokinetics of hydroxychloroquine following a massive overdose Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation Coronavirus envelope protein: current knowledge A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China Convalescent plasma as a potential therapy for COVID-19 Convalescent plasma therapy for persistent hepatitis E virus infection Therapeutic Options for Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) -possible lessons from a systematic review of SARS-CoV therapy Feasibility of a randomized controlled trial to assess treatment of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection in Saudi Arabia: a survey of physicians Use of convalescent plasma therapy in SARS patients in Hong Kong Retrospective comparison of convalescent plasma with continuing high-dose methylprednisolone treatment in SARS patients Treatment of 5 Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19 With Convalescent Plasma The convalescent sera option for containing COVID19 Structure, Function, and Antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein Characterization of the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of 2019 novel coronavirus: implication for development of RBD protein as a viral attachment inhibitor and vaccine Receptor recognition by novel coronavirus from Wuhan: An analysis based on decade-long structural studies of SARS SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor Characterization of spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 on virus entry and its immune cross-reactivity with SARS-CoV Potent neutralization of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus by a human mAb to S1 protein that blocks receptor association Molecular and biological characterization of human monoclonal antibodies binding to the spike and nucleocapsid proteins of Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Potent binding of 2019 novel coronavirus spike protein by a SARS coronavirus-specific human monoclonal antibody A human monoclonal antibody blocking SARS-CoV-2 infection. The coronavirus is a family of viruses that can cause a range of illnesses in humans with the common cold and more severe forms like Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) which are dangerous.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; infection; patients; sars
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        item: #5050 of 5187
          id: cord-353475-dtn7h1gj
      author: Haddad, Hazem
       title: miRNA target prediction might explain the reduced transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Jordan, Middle East
        date: 2020-08-20
       words: 1465
      flesch: 51
     summary: Many miRNA sequences that targeted Influenza viral RNA segments were linked with the activity of host miRNA-induced antiviral defense. key: cord-353475-dtn7h1gj authors: Haddad, Hazem; Walid Al-Zyoud title: miRNA target prediction might explain the reduced transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Jordan, Middle East date: 2020-08-20 journal:
    keywords: hsa; rna
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        item: #5051 of 5187
          id: cord-353479-kwi8zxo6
      author: Chuang, H.-L.
       title: Impact of enhanced infection control procedures on clinical outcome following resuscitation attempts
        date: 2007-11-30
       words: 2906
      flesch: 36
     summary: HCWs had to spend extra time preparing for resuscitation procedures and, even with prior training, the additional protective measures made it harder to perform emergency resuscitation. The impact of infection control measures (ICMs) on emergency resuscitation during an outbreak is unclear.
    keywords: emergency; icms; patients; period; resuscitation; sars
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        item: #5052 of 5187
          id: cord-353484-q7d0ysbo
      author: Liu, Xue
       title: COVID-19: Progress in diagnostics, therapy and vaccination
        date: 2020-06-19
       words: 8584
      flesch: 33
     summary: medRxiv Coronaviruses -drug discovery and therapeutic options Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro First Case of 2019 Novel Coronavirus in the United States Compassionate Use of Remdesivir for Patients with Severe Covid-19 Remdesivir in adults with severe COVID-19: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial Effects of chloroquine on viral infections: an old drug against today's diseases? Efficacy of hydroxychloroquine in patients with COVID-19: results of a randomized clinical trial Breakthrough: Chloroquine phosphate has shown apparent efficacy in treatment of COVID-19 associated pneumonia in clinical studies Treating COVID-19 with Chloroquine Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: results of an open-label non-randomized clinical trial Clinical efficacy of hydroxychloroquine in patients with covid-19 pneumonia who require oxygen: observational comparative study using routine care data Hydroxychloroquine in patients with mainly mild to moderate coronavirus disease 2019: open label, randomised controlled trial Comparative efficacy and safety of second-line antiretroviral therapy for treatment of HIV/AIDS: a systematic review and network meta-analysis Optimizing use of theranostic nanoparticles as a life-saving strategy for treating COVID-19 patients Comparative therapeutic efficacy of remdesivir and combination lopinavir, ritonavir, and interferon beta against MERS-CoV Role of lopinavir/ritonavir in the treatment of SARS: initial virological and clinical findings Consideration of highly active antiretroviral therapy in the prevention and treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome Screening of an FDA-approved compound library identifies four small-molecule inhibitors of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus replication in cell culture Favipiravir (T-705), a broad spectrum inhibitor of viral RNA polymerase A phase 1/2 trial to evaluate the pharmacokinetics, safety, and efficacy of NI-03 in patients with chronic pancreatitis: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial on the assessment of camostat treatment in chronic pancreatitis (TACTIC) Experimental drugs poised for use in Ebola outbreak Mechanism of Inhibition of Ebola Virus RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase by Remdesivir Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread SARS-CoV-2: Recent Reports on Antiviral Therapies Based on Lopinavir/Ritonavir, Darunavir/Umifenovir, Hydroxychloroquine, Remdesivir, Favipiravir and Other Drugs for the Treatment of the New Coronavirus Hydroxychloroquine, a less toxic derivative of chloroquine, is effective in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro Pharmacologic Treatments for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Review Experimental Treatment with Favipiravir for COVID-19: An Open-Label Control Study. Revised 18 Engineering DNA vaccines against infectious diseases Safety and immunogenicity of an anti-Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus DNA vaccine: a phase 1, open-label, single-arm, dose-escalation trial Immunogenicity of a DNA vaccine candidate for COVID-19 Safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of a recombinant adenovirus type-5 vectored COVID-19 vaccine: a dose-escalation, open-label, non-randomised, first-in-human trial ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination prevents SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in rhesus macaques Safety of trivalent inactivated influenza vaccines in adults: background for pandemic influenza vaccine safety monitoring Inactivated poliovirus vaccine: past and present experience Safety and Immunogenicity Study of Inactivated Vaccine for Prophylaxis of SARS CoV-2 Infection (COVID-19) Novavax Initiates Phase 1/2 Clinical Trial of COVID-19 Vaccine.
    keywords: antibodies; antibody; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; detection; disease; human; infection; novel; patients; protein; receptor; sars; specific; treatment; trial; vaccines
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        item: #5053 of 5187
          id: cord-353494-72fvkx7f
      author: Singh, Rajveer
       title: Protease Inhibitory Effect of Natural Polyphenolic Compounds on SARS-CoV-2: An In Silico Study
        date: 2020-10-10
       words: 4683
      flesch: 50
     summary: Natural compounds always offer a great promise in the cure of critical diseases. The objective of this study is to analyze and predict the anti-protease activity of these compounds on SARS-CoV-2main protease (Mpro) and TMPRSS2 protein.
    keywords: binding; compounds; docking; energy; kcal; mol; mpro; protein; study; tmprss2
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        item: #5054 of 5187
          id: cord-353509-yfkiaq80
      author: Nugraha, Rhea Veda
       title: Traditional Herbal Medicine Candidates as Complementary Treatments for COVID-19: A Review of Their Mechanisms, Pros and Cons
        date: 2020-10-10
       words: 7439
      flesch: 45
     summary: Impaired immune regulation is one of the factors that play a role in its pathogenesis and results in poor outcomes of COVID-19 patients. A report showed that COVID-19 patients had an increase in neutrophils, interleukin (IL-6), and C-reactive protein (CRP) and a decrease in lymphocytes.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; curcumin; cytokine; disease; effect; patients; protein; quinine; sars; study; treatment; virus
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        item: #5055 of 5187
          id: cord-353523-gwud4bb7
      author: Abobaker, Anis
       title: The Eye: A Possible New Route of Infection in COVID-19
        date: 2020-07-27
       words: 930
      flesch: 44
     summary: The low frequency of conjunctivitis and corneal involvement in COVID-19 patients could be explained with the fact that the level of ACE2 expression in ocular tissues is much less compared with other organs, such as the lungs and kidneys. Therefore, conjunctivitis might indicate poor outcome in COVID-19 patients with respiratory illness.
    keywords: covid-19; patients; sars
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        item: #5056 of 5187
          id: cord-353524-3w970ycx
      author: Dömling, Alexander
       title: Chemistry and Biology of SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-05-22
       words: 3961
      flesch: 46
     summary: Several approved HIV protease inhibitors (15, 16, and 18) were previously repurposed for the treatment of SARS (Scheme 2). The reported case-fatality rate of COVID-19 is %3% and is thus rather low as compared with SARS (30% , Table 1 ).
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; drug; inhibitors; potential; protease; protein; rna; sars
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        item: #5057 of 5187
          id: cord-353537-skeajydw
      author: Zhang, Xian
       title: Asymptomatic Subclinical Cases of Coronavirus Disease 2019 without Viral Transmission in Three Independent Families
        date: 2020-09-24
       words: 2103
      flesch: 42
     summary: The infectivity of asymptomatic subclinical infection patients of coronavirus disease 2019 seems to be low. Therefore, there is little opportunity to deliberately observe whether asymptomatic patients can infect the surrounding contacts under natural conditions.
    keywords: asymptomatic; cov-2; covid-19; patients; sars
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        item: #5058 of 5187
          id: cord-353548-kf4om6iu
      author: Ruiz-Manriquez, J.
       title: Knowledge of Latin American gastroenterologists and endoscopists regarding SARS-CoV-2 infection
        date: 2020-05-31
       words: 2752
      flesch: 43
     summary: That could be a reason for the lack of knowledge about prevention measures and endoscopic procedure management regarding COVID-19 patients. 2. Critical preparedness, readiness and response actions for COVID-19 Situation Report-66 HIGHLIGHTS Joint GI Society Message on COVID-19 -American College of Gastroenterology Position Statement on gastrointestinal endoscopy and the COVID-19 pandemic Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with digestive symptoms in Hubei, China: a descriptive, cross-sectional Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China Transmission of SARS and MERS coronaviruses and influenza virus in healthcare settings: The possible role of dry surface contamination Aerosol and Surface Stability of SARS-CoV-2 as Compared with SARS-CoV-1 Guideline for Disinfection and Sterilization in Healthcare Facilities Reprocessing of flexible endoscopes and endoscopic accessories used in gastrointestinal endoscopy: Position Statement of the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) and European Society of Gastroenterology Nurses and Associates (ESGENA) -Update
    keywords: patients; risk; sars
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        item: #5059 of 5187
          id: cord-353551-un4jw7aw
      author: Margoni, Monica
       title: Natalizumab safety in paediatric-onset multiple sclerosis at the time of SARS-Cov-2 pandemic
        date: 2020-10-12
       words: 837
      flesch: 42
     summary: 2, 3 Undoubtedly, the SARS-Cov-2 pandemic constitutes a major concern for MS patients treated with drugs that reduce lymphocyte number and function (including blood-brain barrier trafficking). Although a mild association of NTZ with the risk of Covid-19 (p ¼ 0.02) was observed in adult MS patients in the Italian Musc-19 Study, 4 after adjusting for age, sex, progressive MS course and recent methylprednisolone use, only the anti-CD20 therapy (ocrelizumab or rituximab) was significantly associated (p < 0.001) with an increased risk of severe Covid-19 course.
    keywords: patients; risk; sars
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        item: #5060 of 5187
          id: cord-353572-b4mdiont
      author: Zhou, Yadi
       title: Network-based Drug Repurposing for Human Coronavirus
        date: 2020-02-05
       words: 6905
      flesch: 38
     summary: Mesalamine induced eosinophilic pneumonia Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis across Computing Platforms Enrichr: a comprehensive gene set enrichment analysis web server 2016 update DrugBank 4.0: shedding new light on drug metabolism Therapeutic target database update 2016: enriched resource for bench to clinical drug target and targeted pathway information BindingDB: a web-accessible database of experimentally determined protein-ligand binding affinities The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY: an expert-driven knowledgebase of drug targets and their ligands UniProt: the Universal Protein knowledgebase Studying tumorigenesis through network evolution and somatic mutational perturbations in the cancer interactome A Gene Gravity Model for the Evolution of Cancer Genomes: A Study of 3,000 Cancer Genomes across 9 Cancer Types Expression profile of immune response genes in patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Cell host response to infection with novel human coronavirus EMC predicts potential antivirals and important differences with SARS coronavirus SREBP-dependent lipidomic reprogramming as a broad-spectrum antiviral target Specifically, the envelope and nucleocapsid proteins of 2019-nCoV are two evolutionarily conserved regions, having the sequence identities of 96% and 89.6%, respectively, compared to SARS-CoV. Using network proximity analyses of drug targets and known HCoV-host interactions in the human protein-protein interactome, we computationally identified 135 putative repurposable drugs for the potential prevention and treatment of HCoVs.
    keywords: drug; figure; hcov; host; human; license; medrxiv; medrxiv preprint; network; perpetuity; preprint; protein; targets; virus
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        item: #5061 of 5187
          id: cord-353576-f29kmtot
      author: Maricic, T.
       title: A direct RT-qPCR approach to test large numbers of individuals for SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-06-26
       words: 3502
      flesch: 54
     summary: (B) Correlation of Ct values between direct NEB assays and RNA extraction followed by Roche assays for mouthwash samples positive with both methods. To systematically investigate how the NEB Luna assay performs compared to RNA extraction followed by the Roche assay for mouthwash samples, we investigated 62 gargle lavages from patients that were either negative or presented with various viral loads based on previous investigations.
    keywords: individuals; license; medrxiv; preprint; samples; sars
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        item: #5062 of 5187
          id: cord-353594-z1vxamvp
      author: Gagiannis, Daniel
       title: Clinical, Serological, and Histopathological Similarities Between Severe COVID-19 and Acute Exacerbation of Connective Tissue Disease-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease (CTD-ILD)
        date: 2020-10-02
       words: 5017
      flesch: 34
     summary: ANA titers ≥1:320 and/or positive ENA immunoblots were detected in 11/13 (84.6%) COVID-19 patients with ARDS, in 1/9 (11.1%) COVID-19 patients without ARDS (p = 0.002) and in 4/10 (40%) patients with non-COVID-19-associated pneumonias (p = 0.039). Our findings indicate that autoimmune mechanisms determine both clinical course and long-term sequelae after SARS-CoV-2 infection, and the presence of autoantibodies might predict adverse clinical course in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: ana; anti; ards; autoantibodies; cases; cov-2; covid-19; disease; lung; patients; pneumonia; sars; table
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        item: #5063 of 5187
          id: cord-353599-cw29edwr
      author: Kelleni, Mina T.
       title: Early use of Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in COVID-19 might reverse pathogenesis, prevent complications and improve clinical outcomes
        date: 2020-11-04
       words: 2617
      flesch: 22
     summary: In this manuscript, we present a novel theory to explain the pathogenesis of COVID-19; lymphocyte distraction theory upon which the author has used, in a preprinted protocol, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs); diclofenac potassium, ibuprofen and ketoprofen, successfully to treat COVID-19 patients. Furthermore, we agree with a recommendation that glucocorticoids should not be used routinely for COVID-19 patients and suggested to be beneficial only for patients with late acute respiratory distress syndrome.
    keywords: covid-19; ibuprofen; lymphopenia; patients; sars
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        item: #5064 of 5187
          id: cord-353612-9ux181xg
      author: Josset, Laurence
       title: Cell Host Response to Infection with Novel Human Coronavirus EMC Predicts Potential Antivirals and Important Differences with SARS Coronavirus
        date: 2013-04-30
       words: 6315
      flesch: 40
     summary: Calu-3 cell infections. A z score is calculated and determines whether gene expression changes for known targets of each regulator are consistent with what is expected from the literature (z Ͼ 2, regulator predicted to be activated) or are anti-correlated with the literature (z Ͻ 2, regulator predicted to inhibited).
    keywords: cells; data; emc; expression; genes; hcov; host; hpi; infection; postinfection; response; sars
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        item: #5065 of 5187
          id: cord-353615-9aj5yxkd
      author: Colaneri, Marta
       title: Running out of bullets: the challenging management of acute hepatitis and SARS‐COV‐2 from the SMatteo COvid19 Registry (SMACORE)
        date: 2020-07-17
       words: 1605
      flesch: 37
     summary: Despite the lack of treatment guidelines and controlled human trials, HP has been used with efficacy to reduce IL-6 levels in septic patients and has been also proposed to mitigate disease progression in COVID-19 patients (17) . Specifically, the increase in liver enzymes in COVID-19 patients has been reported worldwide (6, 7) but the prevalence of liver injury and the associated clinical features of these patients are currently scarce (8) .
    keywords: acute; covid-19; hepatitis; liver; patients
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        item: #5066 of 5187
          id: cord-353628-f6ew980g
      author: Zayet, Souheil
       title: Encephalopathy in patients with COVID‐19: ‘Causality or coincidence?’
        date: 2020-05-19
       words: 1527
      flesch: 46
     summary: Underestimated damage to nervous system The neuroinvasive potential of SARS-CoV2 may play a role in the respiratory failure of COVID-19 patients Genome Composition and Divergence of the Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Originating in China The neuroinvasive potential of SARS-CoV-2 may play a role in the respiratory failure of COVID-19 patients An alteration of the dopamine synthetic pathway is possibly involved in the pathophysiology of COVID-19 Identification of viruses in patients with postviral olfactory dysfunction Coronavirus disease 2019: new things to know On admission All authors declare no competing interests. key: cord-353628-f6ew980g authors: Zayet, Souheil; Ben Abdallah, Yousri; Royer, Pierre‐Yves; Toko‐Tchiundzie, Lynda; Gendrin, Vincent; Klopfenstein, Timothee title: Encephalopathy in patients with COVID‐19: ‘Causality or coincidence?’ date: 2020-05-19 journal: J Med Virol DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26027 sha: doc_id: 353628 cord_uid: f6ew980g The main tropism of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is respiratory.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; march; patients; sars
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        item: #5067 of 5187
          id: cord-353659-wtacr6qj
      author: Almutairi, Nawaf
       title: Coronavirus Disease‐2019 with Dermatologic Manifestations and Implications: An Unfolding Conundrum
        date: 2020-05-09
       words: 1029
      flesch: 39
     summary: As another measure to prevent people from being hospitalized, it might be wise to actively discourage health care workers at high-risk, no matter how well-meaning, from being present at health care facilities, given both direct and fomite COVID-19 spread. As a nosocomial infection for hospital and nursing home patients and health care workers, it represents an extraordinary challenge.
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; health; patients
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        item: #5068 of 5187
          id: cord-353704-lfndq85x
      author: Ye, Zi-Wei
       title: Zoonotic origins of human coronaviruses
        date: 2020-03-15
       words: 8121
      flesch: 50
     summary: Sci China Life Sci Cultivation of the virus of infectious bronchitis of chickens in embryonated chicken eggs A murine virus (JHM) causing disseminated encephalomyelitis with extensive destruction of myelin Transmissible gastroenteritis in pigs Electron microscopy of coronavirus-like particles characteristic of turkey bluecomb disease Characterization of a feline infectious peritonitis virus isolate Recovery and characterization of a coronavirus from military dogs with diarrhea A new virus isolated from the human respiratory tract Recovery in tracheal organ cultures of novel viruses from patients with respiratory disease Signs and symptoms in common colds Effects of a new human respiratory virus in volunteers From SARS coronavirus to novel animal and human coronaviruses Identification of a new human coronavirus Understanding Human Coronavirus HCoV-NL63 A previously undescribed coronavirus associated with respiratory disease in humans Croup is associated with the novel coronavirus NL63 Characterization and complete genome sequence of a novel coronavirus, coronavirus HKU1, from patients with pneumonia Coronavirus HKU1 and other coronavirus infections in Hong Kong Discovery of a subgenotype of human coronavirus NL63 associated with severe lower respiratory tract infection in China Emergence of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Detection of human coronaviruses in children with acute gastroenteritis Prevalence of IgG antibody to SARS-associated coronavirus in animal traders Isolation and characterization of viruses related to the SARS coronavirus from animals in southern China Identification of a novel coronavirus in bats Antibodies to SARS coronavirus in civets Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-like virus in Chinese horseshoe bats Bats are natural reservoirs of SARS-like coronaviruses Isolation and characterization of a bat SARS-like coronavirus that uses the ACE2 receptor Genomic characterization of a newly discovered coronavirus associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome in humans Full-genome deep sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of novel human betacoronavirus Human betacoronavirus 2c EMC/2012-related viruses in bats, Ghana and Europe Receptor Usage of a Novel Bat Lineage C Betacoronavirus Reveals Evolution of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome-Related Coronavirus Spike Proteins for Human Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Binding Discovery of Novel Bat Coronaviruses in South China Diffuse alveolar damage, epithelial cell proliferation and an increase of macrophages are also observed in SARS patients [31] .
    keywords: animal; bats; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; covs; hcov; host; human; infection; mers; sars; transmission; viruses
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        item: #5069 of 5187
          id: cord-353716-gxgvhhv1
      author: Kumar, Ashutosh
       title: SARS-CoV-2 cell entry receptor ACE2 mediated endothelial dysfunction leads to vascular thrombosis in COVID-19 patients
        date: 2020-09-30
       words: 2301
      flesch: 29
     summary: Other than SARS-CoV-2 induced vascular endothelial dysfunction ACE2 mediated injury of liver tissue can also contribute to vascular thrombosis. Viral inclusion structures, an accumulation of inflammatory cells associated with endothelium, as well as apoptotic bodies were evidenced in vascular endothelial cells of multiple organs in 6 autopsied patients (28) , indicating for the widespread endothelial dysfunction as the etiology for the vascular thrombosis in COVID-19 (29) .
    keywords: ace2; cov-2; covid-19; sars; thrombosis; vascular
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        item: #5070 of 5187
          id: cord-353731-7xn7m662
      author: Heaton, Brook E.
       title: SRSF protein kinases 1 and 2 are essential host factors for human coronaviruses including SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-08-18
       words: 2241
      flesch: 32
     summary: Much attention has been focused on targeting viral proteins 65 and their associated enzymatic activities. In addition to targeting viral proteins directly, other antiviral development strategies 72 attempt to target host factors that the virus requires to complete its lifecycle.
    keywords: cov-2; phosphorylation; protein; sars; srpk1; viral
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        item: #5071 of 5187
          id: cord-353742-k4gxww2c
      author: Arévalo, AP
       title: Ivermectin reduces coronavirus infection in vivo: a mouse experimental model
        date: 2020-11-02
       words: 722
      flesch: 11
     summary: Overall results demonstrated that viral infection induces the typical MHV disease in infected animals, with livers showing severe hepatocellular necrosis surrounded by a severe lymphoplasmacytic inflammatory infiltration associated with a high hepatic viral load (52,158 AU), while ivermectin administration showed a better health status with lower viral load (23,192 AU; p<0.05) and few livers with histopathological damage (p<0.05), not showing statistical differences with control mice (P=NS). key: cord-353742-k4gxww2c authors: Arévalo, AP; Pagotto, R; Pórfido, J; Daghero, H; Segovia, M; Yamasaki, K; Varela, B; Hill, M; Verdes, JM; Duhalde Vega, M; Bollati-Fogolín, M; Crispo, M title: Ivermectin reduces coronavirus infection in vivo: a mouse experimental model date: 2020-11-02 journal: bioRxiv DOI: 10.1101/2020.11.02.363242 sha: doc_id: 353742 cord_uid: k4gxww2c SARS-CoV2 is a single strand RNA virus member of the type 2 coronavirus family, responsible for causing COVID-19 disease in humans.
    keywords: coronavirus; infection; ivermectin; mice
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        item: #5072 of 5187
          id: cord-353748-y1a52z8e
      author: Bhattacharya, Rajarshi
       title: A natural food preservative peptide nisin can interact with the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor human ACE2
        date: 2021-01-02
       words: 3332
      flesch: 51
     summary: Nisin H differs from nisin F by 7 residues, F1I, M6L, T18G, Y21 M, H27 N, I30V and K31H. Nisin Q is different from nisin H due to the presence of isoleucine, leucine, valine, glycine, leucine, asparagine, valine and histidine at positions 1, 6, 15, 18, 21, 27, 30 and 31, respectively. In multiple sequence alignment (Fig. 1) of amino acid residues of eight nisin variants (nisin A, Z, Q, H, P, U, U2 and F), nisin Z shared 82.35% amino acid sequence similarity with nisin H, whereas nisin P, U, U2, Q and F shared only 70.97%, 67.74%,67.74%, 76.47% and 79.41%, respectively with nisin H (Table S2) .
    keywords: binding; cov-2; hace2; nisin; protein; rbd; sars
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        item: #5073 of 5187
          id: cord-353749-2vlc11rx
      author: Stricker, Raphael B
       title: Flattening the Risk: Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis for COVID-19
        date: 2020-10-19
       words: 3092
      flesch: 40
     summary: Protecting frontline health care workers from COVID-19 with hydroxychloroquine pre-exposure prophylaxis: a structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised placebo-controlled multisite trial in Toronto vitamin C, vitamin D, and zinc for the prevention of COVID-19 infection (HELPCOVID-19) Hydroxychloroquine in the COVID-19 pandemic era: in pursuit of a rational use for prophylaxis of SARS-CoV-2 infection Efficacy and safety of hydroxychloroquine vs placebo for preexposure SARS-CoV-2 prophylaxis among health care workers: A randomized clinical trial Hydroxychloroquine as pre-exposure prophylaxis for COVID-19 in healthcare workers: a randomized trial Beyond the randomized controlled trial: a review of alternatives in mHealth clinical trial methods Effect of a US National Institutes of Health programme of clinical trials on public health and costs Characteristics and strength of evidence of COVID-19 studies registered on ClinicalTrials.gov COVID-19: real-time dissemination of scientific information to fight a public health emergency of international concern Mefloquine at the crossroads? [31] Malaria prophylaxis with HCQ may contribute in part to the reportedly low rate of COVID-19 infection seen so far in sub-Saharan Africa.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; hcq; infection; prophylaxis; risk; sars; treatment
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        item: #5074 of 5187
          id: cord-353777-t8q99tlq
      author: Jia, Yong
       title: Analysis of the mutation dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 reveals the spread history and emergence of RBD mutant with lower ACE2 binding affinity
        date: 2020-04-11
       words: 3222
      flesch: 46
     summary: By analyzing 106 SARS-CoV-2 and 39 SARS genome sequences, we provided direct genetic evidence that SARS-CoV-2 has a much lower mutation rate than SARS. Highlights Based on the currently available genome sequence data, we proved that SARS-COV-2 genome has a much lower mutation rate and genetic diversity than SARS during the 2002-2003 outbreak.
    keywords: cov-2; human; mutation; protein; receptor; sars
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        item: #5075 of 5187
          id: cord-353812-4oxbczqe
      author: Zoghi, Anahita
       title: A case of possible atypical demyelinating event of the central nervous system following COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-24
       words: 1547
      flesch: 41
     summary: According to the literature, neurotropic coronaviruses could induce a cytokine storm by releasing a large number of inflammatory markers (Bohmwald et al., 2018) , which could activate molecular changes and also reactivate immunemediated processes (Kim et al., 2017) . The first is a direct viral injury to the CNS via blood circulation or nasal epithelium (Wu et al., 2020) .
    keywords: cns; covid-19; sars
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        item: #5076 of 5187
          id: cord-353826-owoec2ud
      author: Graham, Simon P.
       title: Evaluation of the immunogenicity of prime-boost vaccination with the replication-deficient viral vectored COVID-19 vaccine candidate ChAdOx1 nCoV-19
        date: 2020-07-27
       words: 5526
      flesch: 42
     summary: Bovine herpesvirus-4-vectored delivery of nipah virus glycoproteins enhances T cell immunogenicity in pigs Targets of T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus in humans with COVID-19 disease and unexposed individuals Elevated exhaustion levels and reduced functional diversity of T cells in peripheral blood may predict severe progression in COVID-19 patients Clinical and immunological features of severe and moderate coronavirus disease 2019 Transcriptomic characteristics of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and peripheral blood mononuclear cells in COVID-19 patients Presence of SARS-CoV-2 reactive T cells in COVID-19 patients and healthy donors SARS-CoV-2 infection protects against rechallenge in rhesus macaques DNA vaccine protection against SARS-CoV-2 in rhesus macaques Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 at 8 weeks postinfection in asymptomatic patients Vaccination with viral vectors expressing NP, M1 and chimeric hemagglutinin induces broad protection against influenza virus challenge in mice A serological assay to detect SARS-CoV-2 seroconversion in humans AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS Writing-review and editing, All authors Further information on experimental design is available in the Nature Research Reporting Summary linked to this article. For analysis of T cell responses in pigs, overlapping 16mer peptides offset by 4 residues based on the predicted amino acid sequence of the entire S protein from SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan-Hu-1 isolate (NCBI Reference Sequence: NC_045512.2) were designed and synthesised (Mimotopes, Melbourne, Australia) and reconstituted in sterile 40% acetonitrile (Sigma-Aldrich) at a concentration of 3 mg/mL. Three pools of synthetic peptides representing residues 1-331 (Pool 1), 332-748 (Pool 2) and 749-1273 (Pool 3) were prepared for use to stimulate T cells in IFN-γ ELISpot and intracellular cytokine staining (ICS) assays.
    keywords: antibody; boost; cells; chadox1; cov-2; mice; ncov-19; pigs; prime; responses; sars; titres; vaccine
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        item: #5077 of 5187
          id: cord-353862-7xe3fvd5
      author: Li, Na
       title: Maternal and neonatal outcomes of pregnant women with COVID-19 pneumonia: a case-control study
        date: 2020-03-30
       words: 3518
      flesch: 49
     summary: However, previous studies argued that false negative cases might be common for COVID-19 infection cases due to low virus titers, sampling at late stage of illness, and This rate was higher than in suspected patients (16.7%) and in two control groups (~5%) of our study, but lower than the rate of 44% in confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia patients reported by Chen et al.
    keywords: cases; covid-19; delivery; patients; pneumonia; sars; women
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        item: #5078 of 5187
          id: cord-353873-88ud20oq
      author: Hoyler, Marguerite M.
       title: The importance of challenges in COVID-19 screening and testing in the obstetric patient population
        date: 2020-05-28
       words: 539
      flesch: 27
     summary: The reported prevalence of asymptomatic COVID-19 infections among parturients is particularly notable, as signs and symptoms of late pregnancy and even uncomplicated labor (e.g. shortness of breath and fatigue) may overlap with symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection. In addition, the recent reports of asymptomatic COVID-19 infection elevate concerns regarding the accuracy of existing tests.
    keywords: covid-19; sars
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        item: #5079 of 5187
          id: cord-353887-f4yd7guj
      author: Tang, Yujun
       title: Cytokine Storm in COVID-19: The Current Evidence and Treatment Strategies
        date: 2020-07-10
       words: 8554
      flesch: 36
     summary: medRxiv Virus-host interactome and proteomic survey of PMBCs from COVID-19 patients reveal potential virulence factors influencing SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis Tocilizumab, an anti-IL6 receptor antibody, to treat Covid-19-related respiratory failure: a case report First case of COVID-19 in a patient with multiple myeloma successfully treated with tocilizumab A case of novel coronavirus disease 19 in a chronic hemodialysis patient presenting with gastroenteritis and developing severe pulmonary disease Dramatic improvement after Tocilizumab of a severe COVID-19 in a child with sickle cell disease and acute chest syndrome Tocilizumab treatment in COVID-19: a single center experience Effective treatment of severe COVID-19 patients with tocilizumab Pilot prospective open, single-arm multicentre study on off-label use of tocilizumab in severe patients with COVID-19 Use of tocilizumab for COVID-19 infection-induced cytokine release syndrome: a cautionary case report EULAR recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis with synthetic and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: 2019 update Safety of synthetic and biological DMARDs: a systematic literature review informing the 2019 update of the EULAR recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis Negative regulation of nuclear factor-kappaB activation and function by glucocorticoids Down-regulation of cytokine-induced cyclo-oxygenase-2 transcript isoforms by dexamethasone: evidence for post-transcriptional regulation Kelley's Textbook of Rheumatology E-Book The effect of corticosteroid treatment on patients with coronavirus infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis Clinical evidence does not support corticosteroid treatment for 2019-nCoV lung injury Clinical characteristics of novel coronavirus cases in tertiary hospitals in Hubei Province Corticosteroid treatment of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 ( Besides, corticosteroids, programmed cell death protein (PD)-1/PD-L1 checkpoint inhibition, cytokine-adsorption devices, intravenous immunoglobulin, and antimalarial agents could be potentially useful and reliable approaches to counteract cytokine storm in COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: activation; artemisinin; artesunate; cells; coronavirus; covid-19; cytokines; disease; il-6; infection; inflammatory; levels; macrophages; patients; sars; storm; study; syndrome; treatment
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        item: #5080 of 5187
          id: cord-353911-hp6s6ebh
      author: Petráš, Marek
       title: Early immune response in mice immunized with a semi-split inactivated vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 containing S protein-free particles and subunit S protein
        date: 2020-11-03
       words: 2122
      flesch: 42
     summary: Vaccine Preparation, characterization and 505 preliminary in vivo studies of inactivated SARS-CoV vaccine Immunization with SARS coronavirus vaccines leads to 510 pulmonary immunopathology on challenge with the SARS virus RNA-Based COVID-19 Vaccine 518 BNT162b2 Selected for a Pivotal Efficacy Study. Design of a Multiepitope-Based Peptide Vaccine 370 against the E Protein of Human COVID-19: An Immunoinformatics Approach Guidelines for the use of flow cytometry and cell sorting in 375 immunological studies (second edition) Inactivated virus vaccines from 378 chemistry to prophylaxis: merits, risks and challenges Safety and immunogenicity of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-386 19 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2: a preliminary report of a phase 1/2, single-blind, 387 randomised controlled trial Development of an inactivated vaccine candidate for SARS-CoV-2 An in-silico 397 approach to develop of a multi-epitope vaccine candidate against SARS-CoV-2 398 envelope (E) protein.
    keywords: antibodies; mice; protein; sars; vaccine; virus
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        item: #5081 of 5187
          id: cord-353914-zzla4frm
      author: Hu, Bo
       title: Cardiac involvement of COVID-19: Looking forward to novel discoveries and clinically valuable evidence()
        date: 2020-09-01
       words: 425
      flesch: 29
     summary: Suspected myocardial injury in patients with COVID-19: evidence from front-line clinical observation in Wuhan, China Cardiovascular implications of fatal outcomes of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Association of cardiac injury with mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan Acute myocarditis presenting as a reverse Tako-Tsubo syndrome in a patient with SARS-CoV-2 respiratory infection Myocardial localization of coronavirus in COVID-19 cardiogenic shock All the authors take responsibility for all aspects of the reliability and freedom from bias of the data presented and their discussed interpretation From our experiences, myocardial injury is almost in COVID-19 patients of severe and critical types and/or with underlying cardiovascular diseases [1] [2] [3] .
    keywords: covid-19
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        item: #5082 of 5187
          id: cord-353923-ou7w3zkv
      author: Ren, Shi-Yan
       title: Stability and infectivity of coronaviruses in inanimate environments
        date: 2020-04-26
       words: 4947
      flesch: 52
     summary: In 2018, a pilot study was performed to detect respiratory viruses in Singapore's Mass Rapid Transit network [28] . Clinically stable asthma patients have similar detection rates of respiratory viruses in samples from the nasopharynx, sputum, and exhaled air [30] .
    keywords: air; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; infectivity; samples; sars; virus
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        item: #5083 of 5187
          id: cord-353953-83d0g8ix
      author: Mendoza, Emelissa J.
       title: Two Detailed Plaque Assay Protocols for the Quantification of Infectious SARS‐CoV‐2
        date: 2020-05-31
       words: 4281
      flesch: 49
     summary: As such, plaque assays remain the gold standard in quantifying concentrations of replication‐competent lytic virions. As such, plaque assays remain the gold standard in quantifying concentrations of replication-competent lytic virions (Cooper, 1961; Juarez, Long, Aguilar, Kochel, & Halsey, 2013) .
    keywords: cov-2; overlay; plaque; sars; virus
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        item: #5084 of 5187
          id: cord-353963-d3gk3519
      author: Karampela, Irene
       title: Could Respiratory Fluoroquinolones, Levofloxacin and Moxifloxacin, Prove to be Beneficial as an Adjunct Treatment in COVID-19?
        date: 2020-06-06
       words: 808
      flesch: 12
     summary: Based on their potential antiviral activity and immunomodulatory properties, the favorable pharmacokinetics and safety profile, we propose the use of respiratory fluoroquinolones as adjuncts in the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 associated pneumonia. Noteworthy, respiratory fluoroquinolones are characterized by advantageous pharmacokinetic properties, leading to significantly higher concentrations in the lungs compared to serum, as well as an excellent safety profile comparable to other antibiotics used to treat respiratory infections, such as macrolides and blactams (13, 14) .
    keywords: fluoroquinolones; virus
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        item: #5085 of 5187
          id: cord-353996-slnyun4l
      author: Baumgartner, M. T.
       title: Social distancing and movement constraint as the most likely factors for COVID-19 outbreak control in Brazil
        date: 2020-05-08
       words: 6879
      flesch: 45
     summary: We downloaded temperature and precipitation values between February and April, which coincided with the time series of COVID-19 cases in Brazil and with the late summer season of the Southern Hemisphere, matching the world outbreak of the virus. For inference, we then plotted the log-transformed total number of confirmed cases against the standardized slopes of the models, which portrays the state-dependent context of growth in COVID-19 cases.
    keywords: brazil; cases; cities; coronavirus; covid-19; distancing; license; medrxiv; people; preprint; spread
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        item: #5086 of 5187
          id: cord-354030-8tfg881h
      author: Dong, Rong
       title: Contriving Multi-Epitope Subunit of Vaccine for COVID-19: Immunoinformatics Approaches
        date: 2020-07-28
       words: 7986
      flesch: 46
     summary: The pdb file of vaccine protein and receptor complex (TLR3, MHC-I, and MHC-II) were used to start the molecular dynamic (MD) simulations. The sequence homology of final vaccine protein to human protein sequence shown that there were no significant alignments ( Figure S4 ).
    keywords: amino; binding; cell; cell epitopes; complex; cov-2; epitopes; figure; immunoinformatics; mhc; model; prediction; protein; sars; sequence; server; structure; table; vaccine; virus
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        item: #5087 of 5187
          id: cord-354051-ro3o27pv
      author: Peccia, J.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations in primary municipal sewage sludge as a leading indicator of COVID-19 outbreak dynamics
        date: 2020-05-22
       words: 1245
      flesch: 43
     summary: key: cord-354051-ro3o27pv authors: Peccia, J.; Zulli, A.; Brackney, D. E.; Grubaugh, N. D.; Kaplan, E. H.; Casanovas-Massana, A.; Ko, A. I.; Malik, A. A.; Wang, D.; Wang, M.; Weinberger, D. M.; Omer, S. B. title: SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations in primary municipal sewage sludge as a leading indicator of COVID-19 outbreak dynamics date: 2020-05-22 journal: nan DOI: 10.1101/2020.05.19.20105999 sha: doc_id: 354051 cord_uid: ro3o27pv We report a time course of SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations in primary sewage sludge during the Spring COVID-19 outbreak in a northeastern U.S. metropolitan area. As viral shedding can occur before cases are detected, we hypothesize that the time course of SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations in primary sewage sludge is a leading indicator of outbreak dynamics within a community served by the treatment plant.
    keywords: concentrations; covid-19; rna; sars; sludge
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        item: #5088 of 5187
          id: cord-354080-glcq4qp9
      author: Bodro, Marta
       title: Increased CSF levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and ACE in SARS-CoV-2–associated encephalitis
        date: 2020-07-01
       words: 1183
      flesch: 41
     summary: key: cord-354080-glcq4qp9 authors: Bodro, Marta; Compta, Yaroslau; Llansó, Laura; Esteller, Diana; Doncel-Moriano, Antonio; Mesa, Alex; Rodríguez, Alejandro; Sarto, Jordi; Martínez-Hernandez, Eugenia; Vlagea, Alexandru; Egri, Natalia; Filella, Xavier; Morales-Ruiz, Manuel; Yagüe, Jordi; Soriano, Álex; Graus, Francesc; García, Felipe title: Increased CSF levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and ACE in SARS-CoV-2–associated encephalitis date: 2020-07-01 journal: Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000000821 sha: doc_id: 354080 cord_uid: glcq4qp9 nan A national outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, rapidly evolving to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Our patients improved spontaneously, but these treatments could be considered in more severe cases of COVID-19-associated encephalitis with increased CSF levels of ILs.
    keywords: covid-19; csf; patients; sars
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        item: #5089 of 5187
          id: cord-354101-8a7tohcx
      author: Silva de Oliveira, Daniela
       title: Immune response in COVID-19: What do we currently know?
        date: 2020-09-09
       words: 554
      flesch: 35
     summary: Integrated analyses of single-cell atlases reveal age, gender, and 668 smoking status associations with cell type-specific expression of mediators of SARS-669 CoV-2 viral entry and highlights inflammatory programs in putative target 670 cells Clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural findings of 673 a fatal case of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in the United 674 Arab Emirates Lung pathology of fatal severe acute respiratory syndrome Remembrance of things past: long-term B cell memory 683 after infection and vaccination Pathogenic human coronavirus infections: causes and consequences of 689 cytokine storm and immunopathology Severe acute respiratory syndrome T cell responses: naive to memory and everything in between Immune responses in COVID-19 700 and potential vaccines: key: cord-354101-8a7tohcx authors: Silva de Oliveira, Daniela; Medeiros, Nayara I.; Gomes, Juliana A.S. title: Immune response in COVID-19: What do we currently know? date: 2020-09-09 journal: Microb Pathog DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104484 sha: doc_id: 354101 cord_uid: 8a7tohcx In 2002/2003 there was a pandemic denominate SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome), caused by the SARS-CoV virus that belongs to the genera Betacoranavirus and the family Coronaviridae, generally responsible for influenza infections.
    keywords: sars; syndrome
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        item: #5090 of 5187
          id: cord-354103-4dldgqzf
      author: Grubic, Andrew D
       title: COVID-19 outbreak and surgical practice: The rationale for suspending non-urgent surgeries and role of testing modalities
        date: 2020-06-27
       words: 4875
      flesch: 44
     summary: ACE2 receptors are also located in the enterocytes of the small intestine which is considered to be an explanation for digestive symptoms in COVID-19 patients [13, 14] . Several studies have highlighted the presence of virus in the feces of COVID-19 patients, and now fecal-oral transmission has also been proposed as a mechanism of spread [8, 9] , which may profoundly impact underdeveloped countries.
    keywords: care; cases; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; pandemic; patients; pcr; sars; transmission
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        item: #5091 of 5187
          id: cord-354113-j8odxs1h
      author: Miao, Congliang
       title: A comparative multi-centre study on the clinical and imaging features of comfirmed and uncomfirmed patients with COVID-19
        date: 2020-03-24
       words: 3132
      flesch: 48
     summary: Our aim was to compare clinical and imaging characteristics of COVID-19 patients outside Hubei province between confirmed and unconfirmed group. Compared with unconfirmed patients, confirmed patients had significantly higher proportion of dry cough, leucopenia, lymphopenia and accelerated ESR (P<0.05); but not with alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, D-dimer, lactic dehydrogenase, and myoglobin (P>0.05).
    keywords: covid-19; group; medrxiv; patients; peer; preprint; review
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        item: #5092 of 5187
          id: cord-354134-gb2pf5kb
      author: Güemes-Villahoz, Noemi
       title: Conjunctivitis in COVID-19 patients: frequency and clinical presentation
        date: 2020-08-29
       words: 3465
      flesch: 38
     summary: However, in the analysis of conjunctivitis patients by clinical severity, there were statistically significant differences by sex (Table 4 ). key: cord-354134-gb2pf5kb authors: Güemes-Villahoz, Noemi; Burgos-Blasco, Barbara; García-Feijoó, Julián; Sáenz-Francés, Federico; Arriola-Villalobos, Pedro; Martinez-de-la-Casa, Jose María; Benítez-del-Castillo, Jose Manuel; Herrera de la Muela, María title: Conjunctivitis in COVID-19 patients: frequency and clinical presentation date: 2020-08-29 journal: Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol DOI: 10.1007/s00417-020-04916-0 sha: doc_id: 354134 cord_uid: gb2pf5kb PURPOSE:
    keywords: conjunctivitis; covid-19; disease; patients; sars; study; symptoms
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        item: #5093 of 5187
          id: cord-354148-87tpjvs6
      author: Bidra, Avinash S.
       title: Rapid In‐Vitro Inactivation of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) Using Povidone‐Iodine Oral Antiseptic Rinse
        date: 2020-06-16
       words: 3072
      flesch: 41
     summary: [25] [26] [27] The alternative to oral PVP-I solution is 1.5% hydrogen peroxide rinse, as recommended by the ADA interim guidelines. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) USA‐WA1/2020 strain, virus stock was tested against oral antiseptic solutions consisting of aqueous povidone‐iodine (PVP‐I) as the sole active ingredient.
    keywords: contact; cov-2; dental; iodine; pvp; sars; seconds; virus
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        item: #5094 of 5187
          id: cord-354209-g1zynbul
      author: Person, Bobbie
       title: Fear and Stigma: The Epidemic within the SARS Outbreak
        date: 2004-02-17
       words: 3915
      flesch: 28
     summary: Five major recommendations were derived from the facilitated group discussions with key informants: 1) develop simple, tailored SARS prevention messages; 2) develop SARS information materials in various Asian languages; 3) disseminate SARS information through multiple and culturally appropriate channels, including (but not limited to) community visits, town hall meetings, and health education and communication channels to complement mass media messages; 4) establish partnerships with local Asian-American community-based organizations to educate the community; and 5) ensure that CDC would continue to provide leadership and coordination in preventing and controlling SARS. The team met with community leaders, toured the communities, informally gathered further information, and gave community SARS presentations in seven cities, reaching approximately 500 persons.
    keywords: community; discrimination; fear; health; information; public; sars; stigmatization; team
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        item: #5095 of 5187
          id: cord-354261-gdvawnp6
      author: Gale, Chris
       title: National active surveillance to understand and inform neonatal care in COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-14
       words: 1628
      flesch: 39
     summary: There are three key ways that SARS-CoV-2 could affect neonates: 1. Vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from mother to infant, which may lead to neonatal COVID-19. CoV-2 in the neonatal period, potentially leading to neonatal COVID-19; this may occur from family contacts or nosocomial transmission in healthcare settings, such as neonatal units.
    keywords: covid-19; data; neonatal; sars; surveillance
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        item: #5096 of 5187
          id: cord-354315-yfn9vaan
      author: Meirson, Tomer
       title: Structural basis of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein induced by ACE2
        date: 2020-05-24
       words: 5201
      flesch: 37
     summary: Due to inconsistencies in the reported composition of disulfide bonds in the RBD in different structures (Lavillette, et al., 2006; Song, et al., 2018; Walls, et al., 2020; Wrapp, et al., 2020; Yuan, et al., 2017) and to account for possible errors in modeling disulfide bonds (Carpentier, et al., 2010; Kleywegt and Jones, 1995; Villa and Lasker, 2014; Wlodawer, et al., 2008) , we used Disulfide by Design 2.0 (DbD2) to calculate χ3 torsion angles and bond energies (Craig and Dombkowski, 2013) . The DbD2 algorithm could accurately predict the chiralities and positions of disulfide bonds based on energy function, reflecting the geometric characteristics of disulfide bonds among high-quality crystal structures (Craig and Dombkowski, 2013; Wiedemann, et al., 2020) .
    keywords: ace2; coronavirus; cov-2; disulfide; et al; figure; helix; protein; rbd; receptor; sars; structures
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        item: #5097 of 5187
          id: cord-354349-hbk2p6ej
      author: Sardar, Sundus
       title: COVID-19 and Plasmodium vivax malaria co-infection
        date: 2020-06-20
       words: 1727
      flesch: 38
     summary: The need for combination therapy with non-anti-SARS-CoV-2 agents? Roles and challenges of primary care physicians facing a dual outbreak of COVID-19 and dengue in Singapore Malaria and Parasitic Neglected Tropical Diseases: Potential Syndemics with COVID-19? Mass intake of hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine in the present context of the Covid-19 outbreak: Possible consequences in endemic malaria settings Artesunate: could be an alternative drug to chloroquine in COVID-19 treatment The first authors (SS and RS) contributed equally to the writing and preparation of this article. Malaria and COVID-19 coinfection could then lead to excessive pro-inflammatory response leading to severe manifestations and poor prognosis [13] .
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; infection; malaria; sars
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        item: #5098 of 5187
          id: cord-354353-hyz0gmpz
      author: Farhangrazi, Z. Shadi
       title: Airborne Particulate Matter and SARS-CoV-2 Partnership: Virus Hitchhiking, Stabilization and Immune Cell Targeting — A Hypothesis
        date: 2020-09-24
       words: 2467
      flesch: 29
     summary: For instance, a recent epidemiological study concluded that an increase of 1 µg/m 3 in long-term exposure to fine PM air pollutants (≤2.5 µm, PM 2.5 ) is associated with an 8% increase in COVID-19 mortality rate in the United States (3). While long-term exposure to air pollutants such as PM 2.5 and nitrous dioxide contributes to persistent inflammatory responses and cardiopulmonary diseases (7) , which might increase vulnerability to COVID-19, it is also plausible that depending on the environment SARS-CoV-2 hitchhiking on airborne PM pollutants might be an additional mechanism for spreading the infection.
    keywords: air; covid-19; infection; pollution; sars; virus
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        item: #5099 of 5187
          id: cord-354372-vfvnjmv1
      author: Carpenito, L.
       title: The autopsy at the time of SARS-CoV-2: Protocol and lessons
        date: 2020-07-04
       words: 5697
      flesch: 46
     summary: Immunohistochemistry, like biomolecular investigations performed on autopsy tissue samples, allows also to detect the presence of the SARS-CoV-2 in the body, detailing its distribution in single cell types ( fig. In addition, immunohistochemical tests on autopsy samples taken within 1-2 hours from death are more reliable, which is particularly important when these tests are used to describe a new pathologic entity such as COVID-19 ( fig. 3) .
    keywords: autopsies; autopsy; blood; body; cov-2; death; evisceration; examination; patients; room; samples; sars
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        item: #5100 of 5187
          id: cord-354373-lldfoptb
      author: Chi, Jeffrey
       title: COVID-19 Clinical Research
        date: 2020-05-05
       words: 2495
      flesch: 45
     summary: At the present time, cancer patients are eligible for the vast majority of COVID-19 clinical trials regardless of cancer directed treatment status. In a recent open-label, non-randomized trial, Gautret et al. showed significant reduction in viral load in COVID-19 patients treated with hydroxychloroquine [8] .
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; patients; phase; sars; treatment; trials
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        item: #5101 of 5187
          id: cord-354394-zojhdnlu
      author: Wang, Wei-Kung
       title: Detection of SARS-associated Coronavirus in Throat Wash and Saliva in Early Diagnosis
        date: 2004-07-17
       words: 3981
      flesch: 47
     summary: However, a cluster of SARS cases was reported among apparently protected healthcare workers during aerosol-generating procedures performed on SARS patients (27) . However, RT-PCR performed on nasopharyngeal aspirates from SARS patients had positive rates of 32% at day 3, 50% at day 5, and 68% at day 14 (8, 14) .
    keywords: copies; cov; rna; saliva; sars; throat; wash
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        item: #5102 of 5187
          id: cord-354398-f3cg8gi1
      author: Al-Saud, Haya
       title: Automated SARS-COV-2 RNA extraction from patient nasopharyngeal samples using a modified DNA extraction kit for high throughput testing
        date: 2020-09-20
       words: 4027
      flesch: 46
     summary: In order to start our mass testing platform, we first addressed the shortage of RNA extraction kits, which is a bottleneck in the testing capacity, at a global level. The modifica-tions of this kit were successful in extracting RNA when performed automatically using a robotic system suitable for mass extraction, which provides an alternative to commercial viral RNA extraction kits and provides a protocol to increase preparedness for future crises.
    keywords: assay; cov-2; extraction; kit; qpcr; rna; sars
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        item: #5103 of 5187
          id: cord-354407-zzxjv666
      author: Campanacci, Valérie
       title: Structural genomics of the SARS coronavirus: cloning, expression, crystallization and preliminary crystallographic study of the Nsp9 protein
        date: 2004-06-07
       words: 2344
      flesch: 53
     summary: In agreement, the CD spectrum of puri®ed Nsp9 reveals a structured protein formed by a majority of -strands (35%) and -turns (18%), but which also contains 15% -helix. The aetiologic agent of SARS is a positivestranded RNA virus belonging to the Coronaviridae family and its genome differs substantially from those of previously identi®ed coronaviruses, including two other human coronaviruses (Peiris et al., 2003; Ksiazek et al., 2003; Drosten et al., 2003; Snijder et al., 2003) .
    keywords: cov; nsp9; protein; rna; sars
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        item: #5104 of 5187
          id: cord-354453-uze6ze8o
      author: McCloskey, Brian
       title: SARS to novel coronavirus – old lessons and new lessons
        date: 2020-02-05
       words: 3157
      flesch: 45
     summary: The increase in access to early information from diverse sources including media and social media adds an important dimension to identifying and tracking new events globally and is a key part of the overall epidemic intelligence system. This outbreak and the response to it illustrate some key issues about how global preparedness and response capacity for outbreaks have evolved over almost two decades since the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic of 2002/3 and what lessons have, or have not, been learned.
    keywords: china; information; outbreak; public; response; sars
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        item: #5105 of 5187
          id: cord-354458-o2kcd085
      author: Caffo, Orazio
       title: On the relationship between androgen-deprivation therapy for prostate cancer and risk of infection by SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-06-18
       words: 631
      flesch: 35
     summary: They evaluated a cohort of patients identified by means of a regional cancer registry, who may receive ADT for metastatic disease or biochemical relapse in the absence of any clinically detectable signs of disease, but the authors did not indicate which disease stage the patients were in when they were administered ADT. key: cord-354458-o2kcd085 authors: Caffo, Orazio; Zagonel, Vittorina; Baldessari, Cinzia; Berruti, Alfredo; Bortolus, Roberto; Buti, Sebastiano; Ceresoli, Giovanni Luca; Donini, Maddalena; Ermacora, Paola; Fornarini, Giuseppe; Fratino, Lucia; Masini, Cristina; Massari, Francesco; Mosca, Alessandra; Mucciarini, Claudia; Procopio, Giuseppe; Tucci, Marcello; Verri, Elena; Zucali, Paolo; Buttigliero, Consuelo title: On the relationship between androgen-deprivation therapy for prostate cancer and risk of infection by SARS-CoV-2 date: 2020-06-18 journal: Ann Oncol DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.06.005 sha: doc_id: 354458 cord_uid: o2kcd085 nan prostate cancer (PC) and risk of infection by SARSCoV-2 through a population-based study of patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection from 68 hospitals in Veneto (1) .
    keywords: infection; patients
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        item: #5106 of 5187
          id: cord-354510-jlg5je0s
      author: de Carvalho, A. F.
       title: THE USE OF DENATURING SOLUTION AS COLLECTION AND TRANSPORT MEDIA TO IMPROVE SARS-COV-2 RNA DETECTION AND REDUCE INFECTION OF LABORATORY PERSONNEL
        date: 2020-06-20
       words: 4116
      flesch: 48
     summary: Here, we proposed the use of a virus-inactivating solution as part of a sample collection kit to decrease the infectious potential of the collected material without affecting the integrity of RNA samples used in diagnostic tests based on RT-qPCR. Here, we proposed the use of a virus-inactivating solution as part of a sample collection kit to decrease the infectious potential of the collected material without affecting the integrity of RNA samples used in diagnostic tests based on RT-qPCR.
    keywords: laboratory; license; n d; preprint; rna; samples
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        item: #5107 of 5187
          id: cord-354529-k8p2u7iq
      author: Wu, Yongran
       title: Patients with Prolonged Positivity of SARS-CoV-2 RNA Benefit from Convalescent Plasma Therapy: A Retrospective Study
        date: 2020-08-31
       words: 3757
      flesch: 47
     summary: Chest CT findings of early and progressive phase COVID-19 infection from a US patient Use of convalescent plasma therapy in two COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome in Korea A case of long-term excretion and subclinical infection with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in a healthcare worker Use of convalescent plasma therapy in SARS patients in Hong Kong Chinese National Health Commission (2020) Recently, many studies about long-term viral duration in COVID-19 patients have been published Wan et al. 2020;
    keywords: covid-19; days; group; patients; sars; therapy
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        item: #5108 of 5187
          id: cord-354531-7klivhut
      author: Feng, Liqiang
       title: An adenovirus-vectored COVID-19 vaccine confers protection from SARS-COV-2 challenge in rhesus macaques
        date: 2020-08-21
       words: 8411
      flesch: 52
     summary: Although the preexisting Ad5 immunity may inactivate a portion of the inoculated Ad5 vectored vaccine, increasing dosage or using a more effective way to deliver Ad5 vectored vaccine may circumvent the preexisting Ad5 immunity, thus to achieve sufficient antigen-specific immune responses. In our study, we found that the IN vaccinated macaques had a delayed increase and lower serum anti-Ad5 neutralizing antibody response than the IM vaccinated macaques, suggesting that IN delivery of Ad5 vectored vaccine can be a strategy for vaccination with less influence from anti-adenoviral immunity.
    keywords: ad5; cells; challenge; cov-2; day; fig; macaques; nb2; protein; sars; vaccinated; vaccination; vaccine; viral
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        item: #5109 of 5187
          id: cord-354534-0b7zwzjv
      author: Fuccillo, E
       title: Olfactory disorders in coronavirus disease 2019 patients: a systematic literature review
        date: 2020-09-15
       words: 2847
      flesch: 30
     summary: London: ENT UK Association of chemosensory dysfunction and Covid-19 in patients presenting with influenza-like symptoms Postviral olfactory loss SARS-CoV-2: olfaction, brain infection, and the urgent need for clinical samples allowing earlier virus detection First ultrastructural autoptic findings of SARS-Cov-2 in olfactory pathways and brainstem The prevalence of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis COVID-19 in otolaryngologist practice: a review of current knowledge Clinical presentation of COVID-19: a systematic review focusing on upper airway symptoms Corona viruses and the chemical senses: past, present, and future [2] (COVID-19) Olfactory and gustatory function impairment in COVID-19 patients: Italian objective multicenter-study Objective evaluation of anosmia and ageusia in COVID-19 patients: singlecenter experience on 72 cases Validation of a self-administered olfactory and gustatory test for the remotely evaluation of COVID-19 patients in home quarantine The role of self-reported olfactory and gustatory dysfunction as a screening criterion for suspected COVID-19 Self-reported olfactory loss associates with outpatient clinical course in Covid-19 Contribution of anosmia and dysgeusia for diagnostic of COVID-19 in outpatients Self-reported Mini Olfactory Questionnaire (Self-MOQ): a simple and useful measurement for the screening of olfactory dysfunction Screening of olfactory function with a four-minute odor identification test: reliability, normative data, and investigations in patients with olfactory loss Olfactory dysfunction: properties of the Sniffin' Sticks Screening 12 test and associations with quality of life A brief version of the questionnaire of olfactory disorders in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis Prevalence and risk factors of self-reported smell and taste alterations: results from the 2011-2012 US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) Evaluation of Open Essence odor-identification test card by application to healthy volunteers The shelf life of the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT)
    keywords: covid-19; disorders; dysfunction; olfactory; patients; smell
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        item: #5110 of 5187
          id: cord-354536-c9v9kbw8
      author: Han, Yan-Jie
       title: Advances and challenges in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19
        date: 2020-07-09
       words: 5277
      flesch: 41
     summary: 61, 62 Chloroquine phosphate can block virus infection by up-regulating the pH of endosomes, required low for virus-cell fusion, and inhibiting glycosylation of cellular receptors. 73 Blood-derived immunotherapy based on recovered patients can be used to treat infections including measles virus, Lhasa virus, SARS coronavirus and influenza A H5N1 virus.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov; cov-2; human; infection; interferon; mers; protein; replication; sars; treatment; vitro
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        item: #5111 of 5187
          id: cord-354538-vqi67h6a
      author: Sydney, Elana R.
       title: Antibody evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in healthcare workers in the Bronx
        date: 2020-08-26
       words: 794
      flesch: 44
     summary: What departments had the highest number of positive antibody tests? 3. We analyzed the data by looking at those healthcare workers that had positive antibodies and stratified it based on department, presence or absence of symptoms, and previously reported positive PCR.
    keywords: antibody; healthcare; workers
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        item: #5112 of 5187
          id: cord-354582-fniymnmf
      author: Ma, Zhiqian
       title: Reverse genetic systems: Rational design of coronavirus live attenuated vaccines with immune sequelae
        date: 2020-06-30
       words: 8398
      flesch: 27
     summary: In this review, we systematically describe the role of reverse genetics technology in studying the effects of coronavirus proteins on viral virulence and innate immunity, cell and tissue tropism and antiviral drug screening. Reverse genetics systems are highly valuable research tools for RNA virus vaccine development, which may be more efficient than conventional approaches with live attenuation through passing (forward genetics) or inactivation (Stobart and Moore, 2014) .
    keywords: acute; cdna; cells; coronavirus; cov; et al; genetics; genome; immune; mers; mhv; porcine; protein; replication; rna; sars; syndrome; type; vaccines; virulence
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        item: #5113 of 5187
          id: cord-354597-xubsodnk
      author: Carvalho, Alexandre
       title: SARS-CoV-2 Gastrointestinal Infection Causing Hemorrhagic Colitis: Implications for Detection and Transmission of COVID-19 Disease
        date: 2020-04-17
       words: 2785
      flesch: 39
     summary: A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China Coronavirus Disease Testing (COVID-19): Symptoms & Testing Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with digestive symptoms in Hubei, China: A descriptive, cross-sectional, multicenter study Evidence for gastrointestinal infection of SARS-Cov-2 COVID-19 disease with positive fecal and negative pharyngeal and sputum viral tests Clinical characteristics of 140 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan, China ACG clinical practice guideline: Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of acute diarrheal infections in adults Enteric involvement of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus infection Angiotensinconverting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus. Awareness of the gastrointestinal manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 may have increased our index of suspicion and encouraged us to institute SARS-CoV-2 precautions on arrival, avoiding the exposure and subsequent quarantine of 72 healthcare workers, including many of us.
    keywords: cov-2; data; day; disease; infection; patient; sars; symptoms
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        item: #5114 of 5187
          id: cord-354608-1me3nopu
      author: Rabinowicz, Shira
       title: COVID-19 in the Pediatric Population—Review and Current Evidence
        date: 2020-09-19
       words: 5429
      flesch: 38
     summary: Epidemiology of COVID-19 among children in China Coronavirus disease 2019 in children -United States Department of Health and Human Services SARS-COV-2 infection in children and newborns : a systematic review Systematic review of COVID-19 in children shows milder cases and a better prognosis than adults SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor SARS-CoV-2 detection, viral load and infectivity over the course of an infection Age-related differences in nasopharyngeal severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) levels in patients with mild to moderate coronavirus disease American Medical Association The immune system of children: the key to understanding SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility? COVID-19 pathophysiology: a review Pathophysiology of COVID-19: Why children fare better than adults? Daycare attendance and respiratory tract infections: a prospective birth cohort study The epidemiological characteristics of an outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases ( COVID-19 ) -China Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Italy Children with COVID-19 in Pediatric Emergency Departments in Italy SARS-CoV-2 Infection in children Articles COVID-19 in children and adolescents in Europe : a multinational , multicentre cohort study COVID-19 in children and the dynamics of infection in families Coinfection and other clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in children SARS-CoV-2 transmission and infection among attendees of an overnight camp -Georgia A large COVID-19 outbreak in a high school 10 days after schools' reopening, Israel Plan for school reopening | IIEP-UNESCO Asymptomatic transmission and the infection fatality risk for COVID-19: implications for school reopening Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China COVID-19: consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression Anosmia and ageusia: common findings in COVID-19 patients Anosmia and ageusia: not an uncommon presentation of COVID-19 infection in children and adolescents Hospitalization rates and characteristics of children aged <18 years hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 -COVID-NET, 14 States Characteristics and outcomes of children with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection admitted to US and Canadian Pediatric Intensive Care Units Clinical characteristics and outcomes of hospitalized and critically ill children and adolescents with coronavirus disease 2019 at a tertiary care medical center Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records Care of newborns born to mothers with COVID-19 infection; a review of existing evidence Neonatal early-onset infection with SARS-CoV-2 in 33 neonates born to mothers with COVID-19 in Wuhan Maternal and perinatal outcomes with COVID-19: a systematic review of 108 pregnancies Neonatal resuscitation and postresuscitation care of infants born to mothers with suspected or confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection Transplacental transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infection Neonatal early-onset infection with SARS-CoV-2 in 33 neonates born to mothers with COVID-19 in Wuhan An outbreak of severe Kawasaki-like disease at the Italian epicentre of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic: an observational cohort study Clinical characteristics of 58 children with a pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 Multisystem inflammatory syndrome with features of atypical Kawasaki disease during COVID-19 pandemic Kawasaki-like multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children during the covid-19 pandemic Hyperinflammatory shock in children during COVID-19 pandemic COVID-19-associated multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children -United States Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in U.S. children and adolescents Multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) following SARS-CoV-2 infection: review of clinical presentation, hypothetical pathogenesis, and proposed management COVID-19 and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and adolescents Acute heart failure in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) in the context of global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic American College of Rheumatology Clinical Guidance for Pediatric Patients with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) associated with SARS-CoV-2 and hyperinflammation in COVID-19. Microorganisms Supportive treatment with tocilizumab for COVID-19: a systematic review Managing childhood allergies and immunodeficiencies during respiratory virus epidemics -The 2020 COVID-19 pandemic : a statement from the EAACI-section on pediatrics Considerations on biologicals for patients with allergic disease in times of the COVID-19 pandemic: an EAACI Statement Characteristics and outcomes of Coronavirus Infection in Children: The role of viral factors and an immunocompromised state Coronaviruses and immunosuppressed patients: the facts during the third epidemic COVID-19 in immunocompromised hosts: what we know so far Reluctance to seek pediatric care during the COVID-19 pandemic and the risks of delayed diagnosis Delayed emergency surgical presentation: impact of corona virus disease (COVID-19) on non-COVID patients Gathering evidence on the decreased emergency room visits during the coronavirus disease 19 pandemic Routine vaccination during covid-19 pandemic response Masked paediatricians during the COVID -19 pandemic and communication with children Pandemic school closures: risks and opportunities ADHD management during the COVID-19 pandemic: guidance from the European ADHD Guidelines Group Acute stress, behavioural symptoms and mood states among school-age children with attention-deficit/hyperactive disorder during the COVID-19 outbreak Starting ADHD medications during the COVID-19 pandemic: recommendations from the European ADHD Guidelines Group Challenges and burden of the Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic for child and adolescent mental health: a narrative review to highlight clinical and research needs in the acute phase and the long return to normality Impact of COVID-19 and lockdown on mental health of children and adolescents: a narrative review with recommendations An investigation of mental health status of children and adolescents in china during the outbreak of COVID-19 Mental health status among children in home confinement during the coronavirus disease Child protection in the time of <scp>COVID</ scp> -19.
    keywords: adults; children; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; health; infection; pandemic; patients; sars; syndrome; treatment
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        item: #5115 of 5187
          id: cord-354612-7f91l0n9
      author: Villar, Livia Melo
       title: USEFULNESS OF SALIVA SAMPLES FOR DETECTING SARS-CoV-2 RNA AMONG LIVER DISEASE PATIENTS
        date: 2020-07-23
       words: 573
      flesch: 46
     summary: Saliva samples have been evaluated for SARS CoV-2 RNA detection in severe cases or hospitalized patients, but there is a lack of data about theses samples in mild cases or a standard protocol for sample collection and viral detection. This is the first report of SARS CoV-2 detection in saliva samples among liver disease patients showing best results until 7 days of beginning of symptoms.
    keywords: saliva; sars
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        item: #5116 of 5187
          id: cord-354619-pftjhtpo
      author: Farronato, Marco
       title: A Call for Action to Safely Deliver Oral Health Care during and Post COVID-19 Pandemic
        date: 2020-09-15
       words: 5048
      flesch: 42
     summary: A first step in understanding SARS pathogenesis Quantitative mRNA expression profiling of ACE 2, a novel homologue of angiotensin converting enzyme Virion-Associated Cholesterol Regulates the Infection of Human Parainfluenza Virus Type 3 Importance of cholesterol-rich membrane microdomains in the interaction of the S protein of SARS-coronavirus with the cellular receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 Multifaceted roles for lipids in viral infection Regulation of raft-dependent endocytosis PEDV enters cells through clathrin-, caveolae-, and lipid raftmediated endocytosis and traffics via the endo-/lysosome pathway Cholesterol Enhances Mouse Hepatitis Virus-Mediated Cell Fusion Natural small molecules as inhibitors of coronavirus lipid-dependent attachment to host cells: A possible strategy for reducing SARS-COV-2 infectivity? Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread Aerosol and Surface Stability of SARS-CoV-2 as Compared with SARS-CoV-1 Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China Persistence of coronaviruses on inanimate surfaces and their inactivation with biocidal agents Characterization of Pathogenic Bacteria Isolated from Sudanese Banknotes and Determination of Their Resistance Profile Surface Environmental, and Personal Protective Equipment Contamination by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) From a Symptomatic Patient Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis Clinical and demographic characteristics of patients dying from COVID-19 in Italy versus China COVID-19 Lombardy ICU Network. The main limitation of these recommendations is represented from COVID-19 asymptomatic patients (negative to triage) that are not at the moment correctly identified.
    keywords: ace2; consultations; cov-2; covid-19; dental; dhcw; evidence; health; infection; patients; sars; transmission
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        item: #5117 of 5187
          id: cord-354658-v451z3jq
      author: Rajagopal, Keshava
       title: Advanced Pulmonary and Cardiac Support of COVID-19 Patients: Emerging Recommendations From ASAIO—A “Living Working Document”
        date: 2020-05-11
       words: 8894
      flesch: 36
     summary: The ELSO Guidance Document: ECMO for COVID-19 Patients with Severe Cardiopulmonary Failure describes usage of ECMO in COVID-19 patients intended for experienced ECMO centers. key: cord-354658-v451z3jq authors: Rajagopal, Keshava; Keller, Steven P.; Akkanti, Bindu; Bime, Christian; Loyalka, Pranav; Cheema, Faisal H.; Zwischenberger, Joseph B.; El Banayosy, Aly; Pappalardo, Federico; Slaughter, Mark S.; Slepian, Marvin J. title: Advanced Pulmonary and Cardiac Support of COVID-19 Patients: Emerging Recommendations From ASAIO—A “Living Working Document” date: 2020-05-11 journal: ASAIO J DOI: 10.1097/mat.0000000000001180 sha: doc_id: 354658 cord_uid: v451z3jq The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2 is an emerging viral pathogen responsible for the global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID)-19 pandemic resulting in significant human morbidity and mortality.
    keywords: acute; arterial; cannulation; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; ecmo; failure; flow; infection; lung; patients; pressure; sars; setting; shock; support
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        item: #5118 of 5187
          id: cord-354685-oggtmum4
      author: Kurup, Drishya
       title: Rabies virus-based COVID-19 vaccine CORAVAX™ induces high levels of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-10-16
       words: 6532
      flesch: 47
     summary: Our previous work has proven that both live and chemically inactivated RABV vaccines are safe for animals 13, 14 . The results shown in Table 1 , panel B indicate that all animals immunized with either the live, inactivated or inactivated and adjuvanted CORAVAX vaccines developed high VNA titers against RABV.
    keywords: antibodies; antibody; cat; cells; coravax; cov-2; domain; human; protein; rabv; rbd; sars; vaccine; virus
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        item: #5119 of 5187
          id: cord-354720-fu19u2b0
      author: White-Dzuro, Gabrielle
       title: Multisystem effects of COVID-19: a concise review for practitioners
        date: 2020-11-04
       words: 5093
      flesch: 29
     summary: Is the prone position helpful during spontaneous breathing in patients with COVID-19? In-hospital airway management of COVID-19 patients Lymphopenia predicts disease severity of COVID-19: a descriptive and predictive study High-volume hemofiltration for septic acute kidney injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis Anticoagulant treatment is associated with decreased mortality in severe coronavirus disease 2019 patients with coagulopathy Abnormal coagulation parameters are associated with poor prognosis in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia Incidence of thrombotic complications in critically ill ICU patients with COVID-19 Comparison of published guidelines for management of coagulopathy and thrombosis in critically ill patients with COVID 19: implications for clinical practice and future investigations Neurologic manifestations of hospitalized patients with Coronavirus Disease Guillain-Barré Syndrome Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Central nervous system manifestations of COVID-19: a systematic review Organ distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in SARS patients: implications for pathogenesis and virus transmission pathways Central nervous system involvement by severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus −2 (SARS-CoV-2) Post mortem findings in COVID-19 patients show viral elements within endothelial cells, an accumulation of inflammatory cells, and cellular apoptosis in multiple organs [6] .
    keywords: acute; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; effects; infection; injury; patients; risk; sars
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        item: #5120 of 5187
          id: cord-354733-qxivrhj8
      author: Gniazdowski, V.
       title: Repeat COVID-19 Molecular Testing: Correlation with Recovery of Infectious Virus, Molecular Assay Cycle Thresholds, and Analytical Sensitivity
        date: 2020-08-06
       words: 3930
      flesch: 47
     summary: 354733 cord_uid: qxivrhj8 Repeat molecular testing for SARS-CoV-2 may result in scenarios including multiple positive results, positive test results after negative tests, and repeated false negative results in symptomatic individuals. Repeat molecular testing for SARS-CoV-2 may result in scenarios including multiple positive 24 results, positive test results after negative tests, and repeated false negative results in 25 symptomatic individuals.
    keywords: license; negative; patients; preprint; results; rna; sars; virus
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        item: #5121 of 5187
          id: cord-354762-3a3a3ku9
      author: Afsar, Cigdem Usul
       title: SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19): INTERFERON-EPSILON MAY BE RESPONSIBLE OF DECREASED MORTALITY IN FEMALES
        date: 2020-06-02
       words: 989
      flesch: 43
     summary: The production of IFN-I or IFN-α/β is the basic natural immune defense response against viral infections (Ye and others, 2020) . This might play a role in pangolin's symptoms during coronovirus infections and their immun response to viral infections.
    keywords: covid-19; ifn; infection; sars
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        item: #5122 of 5187
          id: cord-354763-odzrco6q
      author: Drake, John M.
       title: Societal Learning in Epidemics: Intervention Effectiveness during the 2003 SARS Outbreak in Singapore
        date: 2006-12-20
       words: 5746
      flesch: 41
     summary: Societal learning models were fit to the reciprocal of the mean of observed lags between onset of symptoms and removal c An alternative is to compare the observed outbreak size with the theoretical distribution of outbreak sizes for outbreaks initialized at I 0
    keywords: learning; model; outbreak; rate; removal; sars; size; time
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        item: #5123 of 5187
          id: cord-354773-u86bdmvf
      author: Suo, Tao
       title: ddPCR: a more accurate tool for SARS-CoV-2 detection in low viral load specimens
        date: 2020-06-07
       words: 4507
      flesch: 50
     summary: Diagnosis and treatment of pneumonitis with a new type of coronavirus infection (trial version 5) Covert coronavirus infections could be seeding new outbreaks Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72 314 cases from the chinese center for disease control and prevention Quantification using real-time PCR technology: applications and limitations Comparison and analysis of the detection performance of six new coronavirus nucleic acid detection reagents Applications of digital PCR for clinical microbiology Principle and applications of digital PCR Evaluation of digital PCR for absolute RNA quantification Digital PCR provides sensitive and absolute calibration for high throughput sequencing Highthroughput droplet digital PCR system for absolute quantitation of DNA copy number Absolute quantification by droplet digital PCR versus analog real-time PCR Dropletbased digital PCR and next generation sequencing for monitoring circulating tumor DNA: a cancer diagnostic perspective Detection and quantification of HDR and NHEJ induced by genome editing at endogenous gene loci using droplet digital PCR National Institute For viral Disease Control and prevention of PRC. These vast and highly consistent oil droplets substantially improve the detection dynamic range and accuracy of digital PCR in a low-cost and practical format [15] .
    keywords: cov-2; ddpcr; detection; negative; official; pcr; samples; sars
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        item: #5124 of 5187
          id: cord-354780-yzyixucr
      author: Lin, Chih-Yen
       title: Importation of SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to major COVID-19 epidemic in Taiwan
        date: 2020-06-13
       words: 1762
      flesch: 53
     summary: To reduce the effects of COVID-19 importation to Taiwan, Taiwan CDC has implemented relevant prevention strategies. Before the mid of March, the incidence of COVID-19 importation was 0.58 average per day.
    keywords: cases; cov-2; covid-19; sars; taiwan
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        item: #5125 of 5187
          id: cord-354824-7fdcu2f0
      author: Wu, Renyi
       title: An Update on Current Therapeutic Drugs Treating COVID-19
        date: 2020-05-11
       words: 9676
      flesch: 38
     summary: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry Why tocilizumab could be an effective treatment for severe COVID-19? Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of sarilumab in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 Overview of the IL-1 family in innate inflammation and acquired immunity Personalised immunotherapy for SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) associated with organ dysfunction Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China Clinical characteristics of 140 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan Are patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus at increased risk for COVID-19 infection? Receptor recognition by the novel coronavirus from Wuhan: an analysis based on decade-long structural studies of SARS coronavirus Genetic associations between genes in the renin-angiotensinaldosterone system and renal disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis Angiotensin receptor blockers as tentative SARS-CoV-2 therapeutics Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition and angiotensin II receptor blockers on cardiac angiotensinconverting enzyme 2 A crucial role of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in SARS coronavirus-induced lung injury FDA advises patients on use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for COVID-19 Peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor-gamma agonists inhibit respiratory syncytial virus-induced expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in human lung epithelial cells Treating viral exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: insights from a mouse model of cigarette smoke and H1N1 influenza infection Indomethacin has a potent antiviral activity against SARS coronavirus Colchicine-update on mechanisms of action and therapeutic uses Colchicine and the heart: pushing the envelope Inhibition of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus replication by niclosamide SKP2 attenuates autophagy through Beclin1-ubiquitination and its inhibition reduces MERS-coronavirus infection An AlphaScreen®-based assay for high-throughput screening for specific inhibitors of nuclear import Ivermectin is a specific inhibitor of importin α/β-mediated nuclear import able to inhibit replication of HIV-1 and dengue virus Ivermectin is a potent inhibitor of flavivirus replication specifically targeting NS3 helicase activity: new prospects for an old drug The broad spectrum antiviral ivermectin targets the host nuclear transport importin alpha/beta1 heterodimer The FDAapproved drug ivermectin inhibits the replication of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro A screen of the NIH clinical collection small molecule library identifies potential anti-coronavirus drugs Nitazoxanide, a new drug candidate for the treatment of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Meta-analysis: convalescent blood products for Spanish influenza pneumonia: a future H5N1 treatment? Antibody-mediated regulation of cellular immunity and the inflammatory response Serum therapy revisited: animal models of infection and development of passive antibody therapy Fcmediated antibody effector functions during respiratory syncytial virus infection and disease A role for Fc function in therapeutic monoclonal antibody-mediated protection against Ebola virus A serological survey on neutralizing antibody titer of SARS convalescent sera Use of convalescent plasma therapy in SARS patients in Hong Kong Experience of using convalescent plasma for severe acute respiratory syndrome among healthcare workers in a Taiwan hospital Challenges of convalescent plasma infusion therapy in Middle East respiratory coronavirus infection: a single centre experience Deployment of convalescent plasma for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 Treatment of 5 critically ill patients with COVID-19 with convalescent plasma Effectiveness of convalescent plasma therapy in severe COVID-19 patients Abnormal coagulation parameters are associated with poor prognosis in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia Anticoagulant treatment is associated with decreased mortality in severe coronavirus disease 2019 patients with coagulopathy The 2019 coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) surface protein (Spike) S1 receptor binding domain The potential of low molecular weight heparin to mitigate cytokine storm in severe COVID-19 patients: a retrospective clinical study Redeploying plant defences Chinese herbal medicines for the treatment of type a H1N1 influenza: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials Clinical outcomes of influenza-like illness treated with Chinese herbal medicine: an observational study Herbal medicine and pattern identification for treating COVID-19: a rapid review of guidelines Traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of patients infected with 2019-new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2): a review and perspective Investigating mechanism of Qingfei Dayuan granules for treatment of COVID-19 based on network pharmacology and molecular docking Study on screening potential traditional Chinese medicines against 2019-nCoV based on Mpro and PLP Chinese herbal medicine for severe acute respiratory syndrome: a systematic review and metaanalysis Traditional Chinese herbal medicine as a source of molecules with antiviral activity Can Chinese medicine be used for prevention of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19)? Evolving research and clinical data regarding the virologic SARS-CoV-2 suggest a potential list of repurposed drugs with appropriate pharmacological effects and therapeutic efficacies in treating COVID-19 patients.
    keywords: activity; antiviral; azithromycin; cells; clinical; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; drugs; hydroxychloroquine; infection; influenza; lung; patients; rna; sars; study; syndrome; treatment; trial; viral
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        item: #5126 of 5187
          id: cord-354868-pqn59ojj
      author: Yao, Hebang
       title: A high-affinity RBD-targeting nanobody improves fusion partner’s potency against SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-09-25
       words: 3260
      flesch: 49
     summary: To screen RBD binders by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) using unpurified sybodies, RBD was fluorescently labelled as follows. Crystallographic studies reveal that SR31 binds to RBD at a conserved and ‘greasy’ site distal to RBM.
    keywords: antibodies; binding; cov-2; fig; nanobodies; rbd; sars; sr31
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        item: #5127 of 5187
          id: cord-354881-7o20cn1x
      author: Brown, Rebecca C H
       title: The scientific and ethical feasibility of immunity passports
        date: 2020-10-16
       words: 4135
      flesch: 38
     summary: key: cord-354881-7o20cn1x authors: Brown, Rebecca C H; Kelly, Dominic; Wilkinson, Dominic; Savulescu, Julian title: The scientific and ethical feasibility of immunity passports date: 2020-10-16 journal: Lancet Infect Dis DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(20)30766-0 sha: doc_id: 354881 cord_uid: 7o20cn1x There is much debate about the use of immunity passports in the response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Some have argued that immunity passports are unethical and impractical, pointing to uncertainties relating to COVID-19 immunity, issues with testing, perverse incentives, doubtful economic benefits, privacy concerns, and the risk of discriminatory effects.
    keywords: antibody; cov-2; covid-19; immunity; individuals; infection; passports; risk; sars
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        item: #5128 of 5187
          id: cord-354893-tku1dr32
      author: Shi, Zhengli
       title: Evolution of SARS Coronavirus and the Relevance of Modern Molecular Epidemiology
        date: 2010-12-24
       words: 5906
      flesch: 40
     summary: A novel reovirus isolated from a patient with acute respiratory disease Molecular evolution of the SARS coronavirus during the course of the SARS epidemic in China Wildlife, exotic pets, and emerging zoonoses A previously unknown reovirus of bat origin is associated with an acute respiratory disease in humans Identification and characterization of a new orthoreovirus from patients with acute respiratory infections Evolutionary relationships between bat coronaviruses and their hosts Recombinant canine coronaviruses related to transmissible gastroenteritis virus of swine are circulating in dogs Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Phylogeography of the greater horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus ferrumequinum: contrasting results from mitochondrial and microsatellite data Identification of a novel polyomavirus from patients with acute respiratory tract infections Recombination, reservoirs, and the modular spike: mechanisms of coronavirus cross-species transmission Isolation and characterization of viruses related to the SARS coronavirus from animals in southern China Evidence of the recombinant origin of a bat severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-like coronavirus and its implications on the direct ancestor of SARS coronavirus Global trends in emerging infectious diseases Molecular evolution analysis and geographic investigation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruslike virus in palm civets at an animal market and on farms A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Molecular epidemiology of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus infections in Taiwan Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-like virus in Chinese horseshoe bats Ecoepidemiology and complete genome comparison of different strains of severe acute respiratory syndrome-related Rhinolophus bat coronavirus in China reveal bats as a reservoir for acute, self-limiting infection that allows recombination events Structural analysis of major species barriers between humans and palm civets for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infections Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus Structure of SARS coronavirus spike receptor-binding domain complexed with receptor Receptor and viral determinants of SARS-coronavirus adaptation to human ACE2 Bats are natural reservoirs of SARS-like coronaviruses Animal origins of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus: insight from ACE2-S-protein interactions Laboratory containment of SARS virus Without his knowledge, the urologist was infected with SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) a few days before he traveled to Hong Kong.
    keywords: analysis; bat; civets; coronavirus; cov; covs; et al; human; outbreaks; sars
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        item: #5129 of 5187
          id: cord-354900-bzv4yhqi
      author: Jawhara, Samir
       title: How to boost the immune defence prior to respiratory virus infections with the special focus on coronavirus infections
        date: 2020-10-12
       words: 3698
      flesch: 29
     summary: Antiviral effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae beta-glucan to swine influenza virus by increased production of interferon-gamma and nitric oxide Beta-glucan enhancement of T cell IFNgamma response in swine beta-Glucan derived from Aureobasidium pullulans is effective for the prevention of influenza in mice Effects of beta-1,3-glucan (AletaTM) on vaccination response in broiler chickens Baker's yeast beta glucan supplementation increases salivary IgA and decreases cold/flu symptomatic days after intense exercise Baker's yeast beta-glucan supplement reduces upper respiratory symptoms and improves mood state in stressed women Regulation of innate immune response to Candida albicans infections by alphaMbeta2-Pra1p interaction Immune recognition of fungal beta-glucans Short fungal fractions of beta-1,3 glucans affect platelet activation Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China Anticoagulant treatment is associated with decreased mortality in severe coronavirus disease 2019 patients with coagulopathy ISTH interim guidance on recognition and management of coagulopathy in COVID-19 Single-cell analysis of two severe COVID-19 patients reveals a monocyte-associated and tocilizumab-responding cytokine storm Effects of 10-day confinement on the immune system and psychological aspects in humans Anti-stress action of several orally-given betaglucans Anti-stress action of an orally-given combination of resveratrol, beta-glucan, and vitamin C Effects of glucan and vitamin D supplementation on obesity and lipid metabolism in diabetic retinopathy Effects of beta-glucan and Vitamin D supplementation on inflammatory parameters in patients with diabetic retinopathy Modulation of liver fibrosis and pathophysiological changes in mice infected with Mesocestoides corti (M. vogae) after administration of glucan and liposomized glucan in combination with vitamin C Combination of glucan, resveratrol and vitamin C demonstrates strong anti-tumor potential Synergistic potentiation of D-fraction with vitamin C as possible alternative approach for cancer therapy Randomized trial of vitamin D supplementation to prevent seasonal influenza A in schoolchildren Epidemic influenza and vitamin D Vitamin D decreases respiratory syncytial virus induction of NF-kappaBlinked chemokines and cytokines in airway epithelium while maintaining the antiviral state Hypovitaminosis C and vitamin C deficiency in critically ill patients despite recommended enteral and parenteral intakes The effectiveness of vitamin C in preventing and relieving the symptoms of virus-induced respiratory infections Antiviral effect of flavonoids on human viruses Effect of increasing fruit and vegetable intake by dietary intervention on nutritional biomarkers and attitudes to dietary change: a randomised trial Roles of flavonoids against coronavirus infection Early nutritional supplementation in non-critically ill patients hospitalized for the, 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19): rationale and feasibility of a shared pragmatic protocol Effect of single-dose injection of vitamin D on immune cytokines in ulcerative colitis patients: a randomized placebo-controlled trial Regulation of cytokine responses by seasonality of vitamin D status in healthy individuals Evidence that Vitamin D supplementation could reduce risk of influenza and COVID-19 infections and deaths Vitamin D insufficiency as a potential culprit in critical COVID-19 patients A new clinical trial to test high-dose vitamin C in patients with COVID-19 Protective role of 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D3 in the mucosal injury and epithelial barrier disruption in DSS-induced acute colitis in mice Diet-induced obesity is linked to marked but reversible alterations in the mouse distal gut microbiome Evidence that asthma is a developmental origin disease influenced by maternal diet and bacterial metabolites Antiinfluenza virus effects of both live and non-live Lactobacillus acidophilus L-92 accompanied by the activation of innate immunity The gut-lung axis in respiratory disease Influenza virus affects intestinal microbiota and secondary Salmonella infection in the gut through type I interferons Management of corona virus disease-19 (COVID-19): the Zhejiang experience. Sensing of viral RNA by host receptors activates downstream signalling pathways that lead to the induction of immune responses by producing inflammatory cytokines including type I interferon (IFN) and other mediators [19] .
    keywords: covid-19; glucan; gut; infections; patients; response; virus; vitamin
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        item: #5130 of 5187
          id: cord-354943-wxhbwcfr
      author: Guo, Li
       title: Profiling Early Humoral Response to Diagnose Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)
        date: 2020-03-21
       words: 3497
      flesch: 52
     summary: To evaluate the potential cross-reactivities of N proteins between SARS-CoV-2 and other human coronaviruses, we examined the reactivities of the SARS-CoV-2 rNP and human plasma with positive antibodies against NL63, 229E, OC43, HKU1, and SARS-CoV, respectively, by using Western blot and ELISA assays. Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) early-stage importation risk to Europe Summary of probable SARS cases with onset of illness from 1 Acknowledgments.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; days; detection; igm; patients; samples; sars
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        item: #5131 of 5187
          id: cord-354948-q5eouyi2
      author: Tsao, Kuo‐Chien
       title: False positive antibody results against human T‐cell lymphotropic virus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome
        date: 2005-09-19
       words: 2819
      flesch: 58
     summary: While waiting for an effective drug or vaccine treatment to be developed, SARS antibody found in patients who had already recovered from the disease represents a valuable resource for potential therapy for future SARS patients. Our laboratory performed a series of virology and serology tests for SARS patients admitted to our hospital.
    keywords: elisa; htlv; patients; sars; sera; serum
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        item: #5132 of 5187
          id: cord-354950-kmpbdvof
      author: Demurtas, Olivia C.
       title: Antigen Production in Plant to Tackle Infectious Diseases Flare Up: The Case of SARS
        date: 2016-02-05
       words: 8662
      flesch: 42
     summary: M protein forms homo-oligomers and interacts with S, E, and N proteins (Hogue and Machamer, 2008) . N protein has been recognized as the preferred target for detection of SARS-CoV infection by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR; Suresh et al., 2008) .
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; cov; et al; expression; figure; gene; infection; n protein; plant; ppvx; protein; recombinant; sars; sera; syndrome
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        item: #5133 of 5187
          id: cord-354972-nc496v6s
      author: Margolin, Emmanuel
       title: Prospects for SARS-CoV-2 diagnostics, therapeutics and vaccines in Africa
        date: 2020-09-10
       words: 10934
      flesch: 27
     summary: The host immune response in respiratory virus infection: balancing virus clearance and immunopathology Virus-specific memory CD8 T cells provide substantial protection from lethal severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Disappearance of antibodies to SARS-associated coronavirus after recovery Two-year prospective study of the humoral immune response of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Positive RT-PCR test results in patients recovered from COVID-19 Primary exposure to SARS-CoV-2 protects against reinfection in rhesus macaques Immunization with SARS coronavirus vaccines leads to pulmonary immunopathology on challenge with the SARS virus Immunization with inactivated Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus vaccine leads to lung immunopathology on challenge with live virus A double-inactivated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus vaccine provides incomplete protection in mice and induces increased eosinophilic proinflammatory pulmonary response upon challenge Molecular mechanism for antibodydependent enhancement of coronavirus entry Medical countermeasures analysis of 2019-nCoV and vaccine risks for antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) Several strategies may improve the magnitude and durability of vaccine responses in individuals infected with HIV-1, such as higher doses, booster immunizations and/or the use of adjuvants 127 .
    keywords: africa; cases; coronavirus; countries; cov-2; covid-19; development; disease; individuals; infection; pandemic; patients; responses; risk; sars; south; spike; testing; trial; tuberculosis; vaccine; virus
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        item: #5134 of 5187
          id: cord-355039-qi4fwqbc
      author: Azar, William S.
       title: COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus: how one pandemic worsens the other
        date: 2020-08-02
       words: 7376
      flesch: 37
     summary: A more favorable SARS-CoV-2 binding was demonstrated with increased ACE2 expression in alveolar AT2 cells, as well as in the myocardium, kidneys, and pancreas in humans The genome-wide association study (GWAS) on patients with type 2 diabetes (N = 898,130) revealed that type 2 diabetes is causally linked to increased ACE2 expression.
    keywords: ace2; ampk; angiotensin; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; cytokine; diabetes; disease; expression; il-6; infection; mtor; patients; protein; sars
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        item: #5135 of 5187
          id: cord-355122-x3v80bdp
      author: Desterke, Christophe
       title: PPARγ cistrome repression during activation of lung monocyte-macrophages in severe COVID-19
        date: 2020-09-25
       words: 7901
      flesch: 31
     summary: Overall, these results demonstrate for the first time, the involvement of the PPARγ complex in severe COVID-19 lung disease and suggest strongly its role in the major monocyte / macrophage-mediated inflammatory storm. We identified a correlation with the disease severity and the reduced expression of several members of the PPARγ complex such as EP300, RXRA, RARA, SUMO1, NR3C1, CCDC88A. CHIP-seq analyses confirmed repression of the PPARγ-RXRA-NR3C1 cistrome in COVID-19 lung samples.
    keywords: analysis; cell; covid-19; covid-19 lung; data; disease; expression; figure; gene; immune; lung; macrophages; patients; pparγ; receptor; response; samples; supplemental; transcriptome
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        item: #5136 of 5187
          id: cord-355175-uo9fx6jy
      author: Ferrazzi, E
       title: Vaginal delivery in SARS‐CoV‐2‐infected pregnant women in Northern Italy: a retrospective analysis
        date: 2020-05-28
       words: 3188
      flesch: 46
     summary: Most deliveries of infected women occurred in the designated COVID-19 hubs, but some were delivered in special hospitals because they were Criteria for entry to the study were: Pregnant women who delivered during the study period with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 infection prior to or within 36 hours after delivery. (42.9%, 95% CI 27.7-59.0) cases: in eight cases the indication was unrelated to COVID-19 infection.
    keywords: cases; covid-19; delivery; infection; transmission; women
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        item: #5137 of 5187
          id: cord-355181-affuyn8z
      author: Poggio, Claudio
       title: Copper-Alloy Surfaces and Cleaning Regimens against the Spread of SARS-CoV-2 in Dentistry and Orthopedics. From Fomites to Anti-Infective Nanocoatings
        date: 2020-07-22
       words: 5801
      flesch: 38
     summary: Exposure to copper surfaces results in morphological changes to human coronavirus particles visible in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) [67] . Given this context, the use of copper surfaces brings a new perspective for constant and inherent disinfection.
    keywords: alloy; copper; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; infection; metal; nanoparticles; sars; spread; surfaces; virus
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        item: #5138 of 5187
          id: cord-355283-ny1ju7vc
      author: Colombo, L.
       title: How to manage thromboembolic risk in patient with SARS-CoV-2-related disease in the Emergency Department: a case report of cardiogenic shock due to massive pulmonary embolism
        date: 2020-08-12
       words: 1958
      flesch: 32
     summary: Sudden death due to acute pulmonary embolism in a young woman with COVID-19 Venous thromboembolism Incidence of thrombotic complications in critically ill ICU patients with COVID-19 High incidence of venous thromboembolic events in anticoagulated severe COVID-19 patients Prevalence of venous thromboembolism in patients with severe novel coronavirus pneumonia Venous and arterial thromboembolic complications in COVID-19 patients admitted to an academic hospital in Diagnosis and management of sepsis-induced coagulopathy and disseminated intravascular coagulation Acute fibrinolysis shutdown occurs early in septic shock and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality: results of an observational pilot study Recommendations for cardiac chamber quantification by echocardiography in adults: an update from the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging Imaging of acute pulmonary embolism: an update. Considering the high prevalence of thromboembolic events in COVID-19 patients it is mandatory for the emergency physician to systematically evaluate signs of pulmonary thromboembolism, in order to perform the most patient-tailored therapy as soon as possible.
    keywords: acute; covid-19; embolism; patients; sars
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        item: #5139 of 5187
          id: cord-355294-gifsqph6
      author: García-Suárez, Julio
       title: Impact of hematologic malignancy and type of cancer therapy on COVID-19 severity and mortality: lessons from a large population-based registry study
        date: 2020-10-08
       words: 4738
      flesch: 37
     summary: Patients with hematologic malignancies typically are known to have higher levels of immunosuppression and may develop more severe respiratory viral infections than patients with solid tumors. A large-scale study using UK Coronavirus Cancer Monitoring Project data gave consistent findings [9] . Patients with hematologic malignancies usually have higher levels of immunosuppression and may develop more severe respiratory viral infections than patients with solid tumors [10] .
    keywords: cancer; covid-19; data; disease; hematologic; malignancies; mortality; patients; severity; study; therapy
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        item: #5140 of 5187
          id: cord-355306-fj8utkfe
      author: Xia Chao, Yin
       title: The role of IgA in COVID-19
        date: 2020-05-23
       words: 834
      flesch: 40
     summary: The amount of RBD specific IgA in the respiratory mucosa may thus serve as an indicator of host immune response, which can be directly measured in the saliva and tears and makes it possible to use IgA detection as an early diagnosis marker. Developing antibody tests for SARS-CoV-2 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2-Specific Antibody Responses in Coronavirus Disease Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in patients of novel coronavirus disease 2019 Temporal profiles of viral load in posterior oropharyngeal saliva samples and serum antibody responses during infection by SARS-CoV-2: an observational cohort study Structure of the secretory immunoglobulin A core
    keywords: antibody; iga; sars
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        item: #5141 of 5187
          id: cord-355318-qm79gz8w
      author: Smit, Albertus J.
       title: Winter Is Coming: A Southern Hemisphere Perspective of the Environmental Drivers of SARS-CoV-2 and the Potential Seasonality of COVID-19
        date: 2020-08-05
       words: 15421
      flesch: 37
     summary: A systematic review and meta-analysis Effect of routine isoniazid preventive therapy on tuberculosis incidence among HIV-Infected men in South Africa Tuberculosis in sub-Saharan Africa: Opportunities, challenges, and change in the era of antiretroviral treatment Burden of HIV-associated histoplasmosis compared with tuberculosis in Latin America: A modelling study COVID-19 in HIV Investigators COVID-19 in patients with HIV: Clinical case series Maintaining HIV care during the COVID-19 pandemic Impact of COVID-19 on tuberculosis control in China COVID-19: Getting ahead of the epidemic curve by early implementation of social distancing Viral dynamics in mild and severe cases of COVID-19 Report from the American Society for Microbiology COVID-19 International Summit Delivery of infection from asymptomatic carriers of COVID-19 in a familial cluster Targets of T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus in humans with COVID-19 disease and unexposed individuals COVID-19: A need for real-time monitoring of weekly excess deaths No association of COVID-19 transmission with temperature or UV radiation in Chinese cities Impact of weather on COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey Association between ambient temperature and COVID-19 infection in 122 cities from China Modeling infectious disease dynamics in the complex landscape of global health Rt COVID-19 Renormalization group approach to pandemics: The COVID-19 case. Revista Ibero-Americana de Ciências Ambientias 2020 Gaussian approach for probability and correlation between the number of COVID-19 cases and the air pollution in Lima The role of climate during the COVID-19 epidemic in New South Wales Correlation between climate indicators and COVID-19 pandemic Correlation between weather and Covid-19 pandemic in Jakarta Effect of weather on COVID-19 spread in the US: A prediction model for India in 2020 Impact of meteorological factors on the COVID-19 transmission: A multi-city study in China The role of environmental factors on transmission rates of the COVID-19 Outbreak: An initial assessment in two spatial scales The ERA-interim reanalysis: Configuration and performance of the data assimilation system The sensitivity and specificity analyses of ambient temperature and population size on the transmission rate of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) in different provinces in Iran Non-linear modulation of COVID-19 transmission by climate conditions Transmissibility of COVID-19 and its association with temperature and humidity Developing a machine learning framework to determine the spread of COVID-19.
    keywords: air; cases; countries; cov-2; covid-19; data; disease; hemisphere; humidity; infection; influenza; models; pandemic; rate; sars; seasonality; spread; studies; temperature; time; transmission; variables; virus
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        item: #5142 of 5187
          id: cord-355356-g7lvb8b4
      author: Lamb, Yvette N.
       title: Remdesivir: First Approval
        date: 2020-09-01
       words: 5057
      flesch: 44
     summary: In an earlier analysis of data from adults with COVID-19 treated with compassionate use remdesivir (n = 53), the overall rate of clinical improvement was 68% after a median follow-up of 18 days [44] . Among pregnant women (n = 67) and postpartum women (n = 19) who received compassionate use remdesivir for severe COVID-19, rates of clinical improvement were 96% and 89%, respectively, at day 28
    keywords: covid-19; day; days; patients; placebo; remdesivir; sars; treatment; use
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        item: #5143 of 5187
          id: cord-355395-rckzi8vz
      author: Tian, Dandan
       title: Hepatic complications of COVID‐19 and its treatment
        date: 2020-05-21
       words: 2899
      flesch: 28
     summary: Liver injury may be a risk factor for progresses and worsens in patients with COVID‐19, and it is necessary to pay attention to the occurrence of liver injury in the diagnosis and treatment of COVID‐19. With acute liver injury, clinicians should analyze and judge the causes of liver injury and take appropriate measures, while closely monitoring ALT, AST, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, albumin, and PTA (INR).
    keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; disease; injury; liver; patients; sars
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        item: #5144 of 5187
          id: cord-355422-c4odhdql
      author: Vaira, Luigi Angelo
       title: Potential pathogenesis of ageusia and anosmia in COVID‐19 patients
        date: 2020-04-27
       words: 1011
      flesch: 39
     summary: Ageusia and anosmia: common findings in COVID-19 patients Self-reported olfactory and taste disorders in SARS-CoV-2 patients: a cross-sectional study Olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions as a clinical presentation of mild-to-moderate forms of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a multicenter European study Association of chemosensoty dysfunction and Covid-19 in patients presenting with influenza-like symptoms. The influence of hypotensive drugs on the taste sensitivity in patients with primary hypertension Structures of MERS-CoV spike glycoprotein in complex with sialoside attachment receptors Silico evidence for two receptors based strategy of SARS-CoV-2 Comparative lectin histochemistry on taste bud in foliate, circumvallate and fungigorm papillae of the rabbit tongue Reduced salivary mucin binding and glycosylation in older adults influences taste in an in vitro cell model Odor/taste integration and the perception of flavor Angiotensinconverting enzyme in the human nasal mucosa Long term serious olfactory loss in cold and/or flu Identification of viruses in patients with postviral olfactory dysfunction Olfactory neuropathy in severe acute respiratory syndrome: report of a case Intranasal inoculation with olfactory bulb line variant of mouse hepatitis virus causes extensive destruction of the olfactory bulb and accelerated turnover of neurons in the olfactory epithelium of mice Functional consequences following infection of the olfactory system by intranasal infusion of the olfactory bulb line variant (OBLV) of mouse hepatitis strain JHM Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection causes neuronal death in the absence of encephalitis in mice transgenic for human ACE2 Objective evaluation of anosmia and ageusia in COVID-19 patients: a single-center experience on 72 cases Neurological manifestations of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective case series study Non-neuronal expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry genes in the olfactory system suggests mechanisms underlying COVID-19-associated anosmia
    keywords: covid-19; olfactory; patients; taste
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        item: #5145 of 5187
          id: cord-355439-eqtk51q3
      author: Lesko, Catherine R
       title: HIV and SARS-CoV-2: Intersecting Epidemics with Many Unknowns
        date: 2020-07-22
       words: 3292
      flesch: 28
     summary: The Nielsen Company (US) Reducing HIV risks in the places where people drink: prevention interventions in alcohol venues The Mental Health Consequences of COVID-19 and Physical Distancing: The Need for Prevention and Early Intervention Mental Health, Psychosocial Challenges and Resilience in Older Adults Living with HIV An Examination of the Social Networks and Social Isolation in Older and Younger Adults Living with HIV/AIDS Society of Behavioral Medicine Calls for Equitable Healthcare during COVID-19 Pandemic Patients with mental health disorders in the COVID-19 epidemic The burden of COVID-19 in people living with HIV: a syndemic perspective Economic, Mental Health, HIV Prevention and HIV Treatment Impacts of COVID-19 and the COVID-19 response on a Global Sample of Cisgender Gay Men and Other Men who have sex with Men Epidemiology of COVID-19 among people experiencing homelessness: early evidence from Boston COVID-19 Outbreak Among Three Affiliated Homeless Service Sites COVID-19 in Prisons and Jails in the United States Flattening the Curve for Incarcerated Populations -Covid-19 in Jails and Prisons Understanding Socioeconomic Disparities in Travel Behavior during the COVID-19 Pandemic From HIV to Coronavirus: AIDS Service Organizations Adaptative Responses to COVID-19 When less is better Co-infection of SARS-CoV-2 and HIV in a patient in Wuhan city, China COVID-19 in patients with HIV: clinical case series SARS-CoV-2 and HIV HIV/SARS-CoV-2 coinfected patients in Istanbul, Turkey A Case of HIV and SARS-CoV-2 Co-infection in Singapore HIV and SARS-CoV-2 co-infection: A case report from Uganda Early Virus Clearance and Delayed Antibody Response in a Case of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) With a History of Coinfection With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 and Hepatitis C Virus Clinical features and outcomes of HIV patients with coronavirus disease 2019 COVID-19 in people living with human immunodeficiency virus: a case series of 33 patients Prevalence, clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of HIV and SARS-CoV-2 co-infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis A survey for COVID-19 among HIV/AIDS patients in two Districts of Wuhan, China Description of COVID-19 in HIV-infected individuals: a single-centre, prospective cohort Outcomes Among People Living with HIV During the COVID-19 Pandemic People with HIV at greater risk of COVID-19 death in South African study Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Center for Health Security Blood tests show 2.2 percent of RIers have coronavirus antibodies
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; health; hiv; people; plwh; risk; sars
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        item: #5146 of 5187
          id: cord-355475-kdubhh73
      author: Patton, Lauren L.
       title: Viral Pandemics and Oral Health: Lessons Learned From HIV to SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-11-05
       words: 2162
      flesch: 36
     summary: Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2020.10.022 sha: doc_id: 355475 cord_uid: kdubhh73 nan training was from James J. Crawford, PhD and I was memorably impacted by his What if Saliva Were Red video. The real hope is for saliva-based point-of-care rapid tests, as was created in OraQuick Advance® HIV-1/2 (Orasure Technologies, Inc.) for diagnosis of HIV infection.
    keywords: covid-19; disease; health; hiv; infection; patients; saliva; sars
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        item: #5147 of 5187
          id: cord-355477-7xd93aqv
      author: SATIJA, NAMITA
       title: The Molecular Biology of SARS Coronavirus
        date: 2007-04-23
       words: 4952
      flesch: 46
     summary: A bound to the amino-terminal domain of HIV-1 capsid The nucleocapsid protein of SARS coronavirus has a high binding affinity to the human cellular heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 Crystal structure of human UP1, the domain of hnRNP A1that contains two RNA-recognition motifs The nucleocapsid protein of coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus interacts with the cellular heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 in vitro and in vivo Activation of AP-1 signal transduction pathway by SARS coronavirus nucleocapsid protein The nucleocapsid protein of sars-coronavirus inhibits the activity of cyclin-CDK complex and blocks S phase progression in mammalian cells The SARS coronavirus nucleocapsid protein induces actin reorganization and apoptosis in COS-1 cells in the absence of growth factors Nuclear/nucleolar localization properties of C-terminal nucleocapsid protein of SARS coronavirus The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus nucleocapsid protein is phosphorylated and localizes in the cytoplasm by 14-3-3-mediated translocation Phosphorylation of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus nucleocapsid protein Intracellular localization of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus nucleocapsid protein: absence of nucleolar accumulation during infection and after expression as a recombinant protein in vero cells Peptide domain involved in the interaction between membrane protein and nucleocapsid protein of SARS-associated coronavirus Characterization of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus membrane protein Differential maturation and subcellular localization of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus surface proteins S, M and E Biochemical and functional characterization of the membrane association and membrane permeabilizing activity of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus envelope protein The 3a protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus induces apoptosis in Vero E6 cells The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus 3a protein may function as a modulator of the trafficking properties of the spike protein The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 3a protein up-regulates expression of fibrinogen in lung epithelial cells The 3a protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus induces apoptosis in Vero E6 cells Overexpression of 7a, a protein specifically encoded by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, induces apoptosis via a caspase-dependent pathway Severe acute respiratory syndromeassociated coronavirus 3a protein forms an ion channel and modulates virus release Carboxyl terminus of severe acute respiratory coronavirus nucleocapsid protein: self-association analysis and nucleic acid binding characteristics Nucleocapsid amino acids 211 to 254, in particular, tetrad glutamines, are essential for the interaction between the nucleocapsid and membrane proteins of SARS-associated coronavirus Coronavirus nucleocapsid protein is an RNA chaperone A first step in understanding SARS pathogenesis Mechanisms and enzymes involved in SARS coronavirus genome expression Molecular biology of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus A 193 amino acid fragment of SARS coronavirus S protein efficiently binds angiotensin converting enzyme 2 Mass spectrometric characterization of proteins from the SARS virus: a preliminary report Proteomic analysis on structural proteins of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Differential maturation and subcellular localization of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus surface proteins S, M and E Structure of SARS coronavirus spike receptor-binding domain complexed with receptor Profile of antibodies to the nucleocapsid protein of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-associated coronavirus in probable SARS patients Diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) by detection of SARS coronavirus nucleocapsid antibodies in an antigencapturing enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Assessment of immunoreactive synthetic peptides from the structural proteins of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Mapping of antigenic sites on the nucleocapsid protein of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Antigenic structure of transmissible gastroenteritis virus nucleoprotein Location of antibody epitopes within the mouse hepatitis virus nucleocapsid protein Localization of linear B-cell epitopes on infectious bronchitis virus nucleocapsid protein The epitope study on the SARS-CoV nucleocapsid protein Structure of the N-terminal RNAbinding domain of the SARS CoV nucleocapsid protein Assembly of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus RNA packaging signal into virus-like particles is nucleocapsid dependent The nucleocapsid protein of the SARS coronavirus is capable of self-association through a C-terminal 209 amino acid interaction domain Recombinant severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus nucleocapsid protein forms a dimer through its C-terminal domain Nucleocapsid protein of SARS coronavirus tightly binds to human cyclophilin A Crystal structure of human cyclophilin
    keywords: cells; coronavirus; cov; covs; domain; nucleocapsid; protein; rna; sars; syndrome; terminal
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        item: #5148 of 5187
          id: cord-355514-2qjbc3bd
      author: Shibata, Shun
       title: High incidence of false-positive results of IgG antibody against SARS-CoV-2 with rapid immunochromatographic antibody test due to human common cold coronavirus infection
        date: 2020-07-25
       words: 2048
      flesch: 43
     summary: From this high incidence of false-positive RIAT results due to human common cold coronavirus infection found in our study, our concern is that people not infected by SARS-CoV-2 but infected by human common cold coronavirus can be falsely labelled as positive. Another study also showed that antibodies to human common cold coronavirus are cross-reactive among coronavirus strains
    keywords: cov-2; results; riat; sars
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        item: #5149 of 5187
          id: cord-355528-y4a1g6km
      author: Balla, Mamtha
       title: COVID-19, Modern Pandemic: A Systematic Review From Front-Line Health Care Providers’ Perspective
        date: 2020-03-30
       words: 7523
      flesch: 53
     summary: Patients can catch it by breathing in droplets if they are standing within 1 m of COVID-19 patients. Drills and emergency preparedness about COVID-19 should be performed in all health care facilities involving providers who will be in touch with COVID-19 suspected patients.
    keywords: cases; china; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; et al; health; infection; novel; patients; pneumonia; sars; treatment
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        item: #5150 of 5187
          id: cord-355560-vsxe97xs
      author: Alves, Amanda Mandarino
       title: SARS-CoV-2 leading to Acute Pancreatitis: an unusual presentation
        date: 2020-09-15
       words: 1661
      flesch: 38
     summary: There are few articles reporting pancreatic injury in COVID-19 patients but most of them do not report acute pancreatitis. [16] and may alter disease prognosis, since diabetes and ambient hyperglycemia were independent predictors for death and morbidity in SARS patients [16, 17] .
    keywords: acute; cov-2; pancreatitis; patients; sars
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        item: #5151 of 5187
          id: cord-355567-60sfv60p
      author: Azuma, Kenichi
       title: Environmental factors involved in SARS-CoV-2 transmission: effect and role of indoor environmental quality in the strategy for COVID-19 infection control
        date: 2020-11-03
       words: 9233
      flesch: 37
     summary: World Health Organization Saliva: potential diagnostic value and transmission of 2019-nCoV Measures against COVID-19 concerning Summer Indoor Environment in Japan Interaction of aerosol particles composed of protein and salts with water vapor: hygroscopic growth and microstructural rearrangement Study on thermal environmental ununiformity in office buildings Survey on control of indoor air environment in office buildings: Part5 evaluation of thermal environment by domestic and international standards Wells revisited: infectious particles vs. quanta of mycobacterium tuberculosis infection-don't get them confused Risk of indoor airborne infection transmission estimated from carbon dioxide concentration A probabilistic transmission dynamic model to assess indoor airborne infection risks Potential for airborne transmission of infection in the waiting areas of healthcare premises: stochastic analysis using a Monte Carlo model Review and comparison between the Wells-Riley and dose response approaches to risk assessment of infectious respiratory diseases Airborne infection. Theoretical limits of protection achievable by building ventilation The detection of airborne transmission of tuberculosis from HIV-infected patients, using an in vivo air sampling model A probabilistic transmission model to assess infection risk from mycobacterium tuberculosis in commercial passenger trains Spatial distribution of infection risk of SARS transmission in a hospital ward Airborne spread of measles in a suburban elementary school Cleaning the air: the theory and application of ultraviolet air disinfection HVAC filtration and the Wells-Riley approach to assessing risks of infectious airborne diseases Association of infected probability of COVID-19 with ventilation rates in confined spaces: a Wells-Riley equation based investigation Characterization of expiration air jets and droplet size distributions immediately at the mouth opening Size distribution and sites of origin of droplets expelled from the human respiratory tract during expiratory activities Airborne spread of expiratory droplet nuclei between the occupants of indoor environments: A review ASHRAE position document on airborne infectious diseases HVAC filtration for controlling infectious airborne disease transmission in indoor environments: predicting risk reductions and operational costs The history of ultraviolet germicidal irradiation for air disinfection Guidelines for environmental infection control in health-care facilities ASHRAE.
    keywords: air; control; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; droplets; environmental; infection; particles; rate; sars; spaces; surfaces; transmission; ventilation; virus
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        item: #5152 of 5187
          id: cord-355577-w1yhtbz8
      author: Kowalski, Luiz Paulo
       title: Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Activity of Physicians Working in the Areas of Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology
        date: 2020-05-22
       words: 4751
      flesch: 46
     summary: An unexpected finding in our study was the low amount of surgeries (22 cases) performed in COVID-19 patients, given the presence of more than 500 surgeons among responders, most of them with more than 10 years of experience in the field. 27 Elective tracheostomies in COVID-19 patients have a narrower range of indication, due to the increased risk of aerosolization and contagion.
    keywords: care; covid-19; head; neck; oncologists; pandemic; patients; physicians; reduction; risk
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        item: #5153 of 5187
          id: cord-355589-3zdv9zim
      author: Simons, David
       title: The association of smoking status with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, hospitalisation and mortality from COVID‐19: A living rapid evidence review with Bayesian meta‐analyses (version 7)
        date: 2020-10-02
       words: 5238
      flesch: 31
     summary: A Hospital Staff Data Clinical characteristics of 36 non-survivors with COVID-19 in Wuhan Acute Myocardial Injury of Patients with Coronavirus Disease Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of 17 Hospitalized Patients with 2019 Novel Coronavirus Infections Outside Wuhan Risk Factors Associated with Clinical Outcomes in 323 COVID-19 Patients in Wuhan Epidemiological and clinical features of 125 Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 in Preliminary Estimates of the Prevalence of Selected Underlying Health Conditions Among Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 -United States Eleven faces of coronavirus disease 2019 Clinical Course and Outcomes of Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection: a Preliminary Report of the First 28 Patients from the Korean Cohort Study on COVID-19 Host susceptibility to severe COVID-19 and establishment of a host risk score: findings of 487 cases outside Wuhan Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study Characterization and clinical course of 1000 patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in New York: retrospective case series COVID-19 Fatality and Comorbidity Risk Factors among Confirmed Patients in Mexico Presenting Characteristics, Comorbidities, and Outcomes Among 5700 Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19 in the New York City Area Cluster of COVID-19 in northern France: A retrospective closed cohort study Letter to the Editor: Obesity as a risk factor for greater severity of COVID-19 in patients with metabolic associated fatty liver disease Clinical Characteristics and Risk factors for developed COVID-19 patients transferring to designated hospital from Jianghan Fangcang shelter Hospital: a retrospective, observational study Clinical features of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a cohort of patients with disability due to spinal cord injury Clinical characteristics of imported and second-generation COVID-19 cases outside Wuhan, China: A multicenter retrospective study Impaired type I interferon activity and exacerbated inflammatory responses in severe Covid-19 patients Characteristics and Clinical Outcomes of Adult Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19 -Georgia Association Between Clinical Manifestations and Prognosis in Patients with COVID-19 Epidemiological and clinical characteristics analysis of COVID-19 in the surrounding areas of Wuhan, Hubei Province in 2020 Low albumin levels are associated with poorer outcomes in a case series of COVID-19 patients in Spain: a retrospective cohort study Clinical characteristics of 106 patients with neurological diseases and co-morbid coronavirus disease 2019: a retrospective study Neutrophil calprotectin identifies severe pulmonary disease in COVID-19 Smoking and the risk of COVID-19 infection in the UK Biobank Prospective Study Multivariable prediction model of intensive care unit transfer and death: a French prospective cohort study of COVID-19 patients Determinants of Severity in Cancer Patients with COVID-19 Illness OpenSAFELY: factors associated with COVID-19 death in 17 million patients A Cohort of Patients with COVID-19 in a Major Teaching Hospital in Europe 30-day mortality in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 during the first wave of the Italian epidemic: A prospective cohort study Clinical features, diagnostics, and outcomes of patients presenting with acute respiratory illness: a comparison of patients with and without COVID-19 Clinical and Genetic Characteristics of Covid-19 Patients from UK Biobank Is sleep apnoea a risk factor for Covid-19? First report from Saudi Arabia Risk of infection and hospitalization by Covid-19 in Mexico: a case-control study Characteristics associated with hospitalisation for COVID-19 in people with rheumatic disease: data from the COVID-19 Global Rheumatology Alliance physician-reported registry Olfactory Dysfunction in Recovered Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Patients Psychosocial factors and hospitalisations for COVID-19: Prospective cohort study of the general population Clinical predictors of donor antibody titer and correlation with recipient antibody response in a COVID-19 convalescent plasma clinical trial Chronic ACE Inhibitor use is Associated with Decreased Odds of Severe Disease in Patients with COVID-19 Intraluminal Carotid Artery Thrombus in COVID-19: Another Danger of Cytokine Storm? Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load on Risk of Intubation and Mortality Among Hospitalized Patients with Coronavirus Disease IL6 inhibition in critically ill COVID-19 patients is associated with increased secondary infections Profiling pre-symptomatic and asymptomatic cases with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in Mexico City Association of SARS-CoV-2 Genomic Load with COVID-19 Patient Outcomes Health-care workers with COVID-19 living in Mexico City: clinical characterization and related outcomes ROX Index Predicts Intubation in Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia and Moderate to Severe Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure Receiving High Flow Nasal Therapy Low plasma 25(OH) vitamin D3 level is associated with increased risk of COVID-19 infection: an Israeli population-based study Pre-diagnostic circulating concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-1 and risk of COVID-19 mortality: results from UK Biobank Association of Cancer with Risk and Mortality of COVID-19: Results from the UK Biobank Natural killer cell activation related to clinical outcome of COVID-19 Digestive Manifestations in Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19 Risk Factors Prediction, Clinical Outcomes, and Mortality of COVID-19 Patients Early Diagnosis and Clinical Significance of Acute Cardiac Injury -Under the Iceberg: A Retrospective Cohort Study of 619 Non-critically Ill Hospitalized COVID-19 Pneumonia Patients Clinical outcomes and risk factors for severe COVID-19 infection in patients with haematological disorders receiving chemo-or immunotherapy Initial experience in Mexico with convalescent plasma in COVID-19 patients with severe respiratory failure, a retrospective case series Observational Study of Haloperidol in Hospitalized Patients with Covid-19 COVID-19 Case Series at UnityPoint Health St. Lukes Hospital in Cedar Rapids Broncho-alveolar inflammation in COVID-19 patients: a correlation with clinical outcome IgG antibody seroconversion and the clinical progression of COVID-19 pneumonia:
    keywords: clinical; covid-19; disease; patients; risk; smokers; smoking; status; studies; study
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        item: #5154 of 5187
          id: cord-355655-l684uy4h
      author: Ning, Ling
       title: Novel coronavirus (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection in a renal transplant recipient: Case report
        date: 2020-05-08
       words: 1433
      flesch: 38
     summary: Ling Ning https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7307-9827 Respiratory viral infections in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster Importation and human-to-human transmission of a novel coronavirus in Vietnam Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Diagnosis and Treatment Plan A potent drug against coronavirus infection: insight from molecular docking study Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Transmission of 2019-nCoV infection from an asymptomatic contact in Germany Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study Viral infections in solid organ transplant recipients: novel updates and a review of the classics Lopinavir/ritonavir: a review of its use in the management of HIV infection Chapter 20-Metabolic Drug Interactions with Immunosuppressants. No clinical data exist to indicate that net benefit is derived from corticosteroids in the treatment of respiratory infection due to coronavirus included SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. 15
    keywords: lopinavir; ritonavir; transplant; treatment
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        item: #5155 of 5187
          id: cord-355672-egjdy7o0
      author: Castillo, Edward M.
       title: Rates of coinfection with other respiratory pathogens in patients positive for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19)
        date: 2020-07-02
       words: 1109
      flesch: 38
     summary: The prevalence of respiratory pathogens in adults with community-acquired pneumonia in an outpatient cohort COVID-19 and mycoplasma pneumoniae coinfection Rates of co-infection between SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory pathogens Clinical and CT features in pediatric patients with COVID-19 infection: different points from adults PhD, MPH, is a Professor in the Department of Emergency Medicine at the University of California Rates of coinfection with other respiratory pathogens in patients positive for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) key: cord-355672-egjdy7o0 authors: Castillo, Edward M.; Coyne, Christopher J.; Brennan, Jesse J.; Tomaszewski, Christian A. title: Rates of coinfection with other respiratory pathogens in patients positive for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) date: 2020-07-02 journal: J Am Coll Emerg Physicians Open DOI: 10.1002/emp2.12172 sha: doc_id: 355672 cord_uid: egjdy7o0 OBJECTIVES:
    keywords: covid-19; patients; testing
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        item: #5156 of 5187
          id: cord-355674-mhi85px5
      author: Siddiqi, Hasan K.
       title: Increased prevalence of myocardial injury in patients with SARS-CoV-2 viremia.
        date: 2020-11-10
       words: 1736
      flesch: 40
     summary: CONCLUSIONS: Hospitalized COVID-19 patients with SARS-CoV-2 viremia have a significantly higher prevalence of detectable troponin and myocardial injury during their hospitalization, compared to non-viremic patients. Conclusions: Hospitalized COVID-19 patients with SARS-CoV-2 viremia have a significantly higher prevalence of detectable troponin and myocardial injury during their hospitalization, compared to non-viremic patients.
    keywords: cov-2; patients; sars; viremia
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        item: #5157 of 5187
          id: cord-355718-7dafsxp9
      author: Leong, Hoe‐Nam
       title: Investigational use of ribavirin in the treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome, Singapore, 2003
        date: 2004-08-10
       words: 2714
      flesch: 56
     summary: We compared the results of clinical and laboratory investigations at the start of ribavirin treatment with correspondent parameters of patients who did not receive ribavirin on day 6 of illness. Clinical and laboratory parameters taken at the start of ribavirin treatment were compared with day 5, 6 or 7 parameters of those patients not on treatment.
    keywords: patients; ribavirin; sars; treatment; use
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        item: #5158 of 5187
          id: cord-355728-wivk0bm0
      author: Schoof, Michael
       title: An ultra-potent synthetic nanobody neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 by locking Spike into an inactive conformation
        date: 2020-08-17
       words: 3664
      flesch: 60
     summary: Cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) revealed that one exceptionally stable nanobody, Nb6, binds Spike in a fully inactive conformation with its receptor binding domains (RBDs) locked into their inaccessible down-state, incapable of binding ACE2. A prototypical example of this class is nanobody Nb6, which 129 binds to Spike* and to RBD alone with a KD of 210 nM and 41 nM, respectively ( Fig.
    keywords: binding; fig; mnb6; nb6; rbd; spike; tri
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        item: #5159 of 5187
          id: cord-355734-pz64534w
      author: Antonio-Villa, Neftali Eduardo
       title: Health-care workers with COVID-19 living in Mexico City: clinical characterization and related outcomes
        date: 2020-09-28
       words: 3267
      flesch: 38
     summary: First, we analyzed a large dataset which included information on confirmed positive and negative SARS-CoV-2 cases in Mexico City, providing a unique opportunity to investigate COVID-19 specific risk factors in HCWs. In this work, we report the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection, related symptomatology, and COVID-19 clinical outcomes using a city-wide based surveillance reports of HCWs living in Mexico City.
    keywords: cases; cov-2; covid-19; hcws; outcomes; risk; sars
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        item: #5160 of 5187
          id: cord-355758-tk7eturq
      author: Berrio, Alejandro
       title: Positive selection within the genomes of SARS-CoV-2 and other Coronaviruses independent of impact on protein function
        date: 2020-09-22
       words: 2181
      flesch: 28
     summary: The first is Nsp4, which encodes a similarities to, but also notable differences from, that of SARS-Cov-2 (Fig 1) . In the case of Nsp4 protein, two nearly adjacent nonsynonymous substitutions at residues 380 430 and 382 occurred on the branch leading to SARS-CoV-2 ( Fig 3B) .
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; protein; rna; sars; selection; structure
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        item: #5161 of 5187
          id: cord-355760-2a12nsnl
      author: Shields, A. M.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 seroconversion in health care workers
        date: 2020-05-19
       words: 3163
      flesch: 39
     summary: Evidence before the study To date, no study has examined the cross-sectional seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. We demonstrate that seroconversion can occur in health care workers who have suffered no previous symptoms of SARS-Cov-2 infection.
    keywords: asymptomatic; care; health; infection; sars; seroconversion; workers
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        item: #5162 of 5187
          id: cord-355788-6hteott0
      author: Shirvani, Edris
       title: Newcastle Disease Virus as a Vaccine Vector for SARS-CoV-2
        date: 2020-07-29
       words: 4090
      flesch: 47
     summary: A preliminary report Attenuated veterinary virus vaccine for the treatment of cancer Phase I trial of intravenous administration of PV701, an oncolytic virus, in patients with advanced solid cancers Newcastle disease virus: A promising vector for viral therapy, immune therapy, and gene therapy of cancer Recovery of a virulent strain of Newcastle disease virus from cloned cDNA: Expression of a foreign gene results in growth retardation and attenuation High-level expression of a foreign gene from the 31 proximal first locus of a recombinant Newcastle disease virus Recombinant Newcastle disease virus as a vaccine vector Recombinant Newcastle disease virus as a viral vector: Effect of genomic location of foreign gene on gene expression and virus replication Optimization of human immunodeficiency virus Gag expression by Newcastle disease virus vectors for the induction of potent immune responses P and M gene junction is the optimal insertion site in Newcastle disease virus vaccine vector for foreign gene expression This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license Author Contributions: S.K.S. and E.S.; writing. NDV vector vaccines have shown promising results against SARS-CoV and IBV
    keywords: cov-2; disease; gene; ndv; sars; vaccine; vector; virus
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        item: #5163 of 5187
          id: cord-355807-q3bngari
      author: Yepes-Pérez, Andres F.
       title: Uncaria tomentosa (cat’s claw): a promising herbal medicine against SARS-CoV-2/ACE-2 junction and SARS-CoV-2 spike protein based on molecular modeling
        date: 2020-10-29
       words: 8856
      flesch: 37
     summary: Thus, crucial binding ligand interactions with LYS417, ARG403, TYR453, GLN493, ASN501, TYR505, SER494, TYR449, TYR495 PHE497 and GLY496 were maintained after 50-ns MD simulation into the binding pocket of SARS-CoV-2 RBD. Therefore, to demonstrate the ability of constituents of U. tomentosa to block binding of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein to human ACE-2 receptor, we performed molecular docking studies around aforementioned critical amino acids, meaning this docking runs were carried out inside ACE-2 binding surface of RBD.
    keywords: ace-2; binding; cov-2; docking; et al; human; interface; kcal; ligand; mol; proanthocyanidin; protein; rbd; sars; spike; tomentosa
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        item: #5164 of 5187
          id: cord-355811-aq7p1uxo
      author: Węglarz-Tomczak, Ewelina
       title: Discovery of potent inhibitors of PLproCoV2 by screening a library of selenium-containing compounds
        date: 2020-05-21
       words: 2014
      flesch: 49
     summary: Interestingly, all derivatives except 1a blocked completely PL pro CoV2 at a high concentration of the inhibitor (20μM), but only some of them ( 1c , 1d , 1e and 2d , 2e ) inhibited PL pro SARS while rest of them failed. The inhibitor was screened against recombinant PL pro SARS and PL pro CoV2 at 37°C in the assay buffer as described above.
    keywords: cov-2; cov2; ebselen; pro; sars
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        item: #5165 of 5187
          id: cord-355841-m6dl8a0w
      author: Munz, Maike
       title: Acute transverse myelitis after COVID-19 pneumonia
        date: 2020-05-26
       words: 863
      flesch: 43
     summary: Cases of Guillain-Barré Syndrome in association with severe COVID-19 infections were reported [6] . Previously, others suggested a direct infection of the central nervous system by human coronaviruses like SARS or MERS [4] .
    keywords: covid-19; myelitis; sars
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        item: #5166 of 5187
          id: cord-355854-hksq8gy4
      author: Pagliaro, Pasquale
       title: ACE/ACE2 Ratio: A Key Also in 2019 Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19)?
        date: 2020-06-18
       words: 3034
      flesch: 36
     summary: ACE2 expression could influence the course of Covid-19 in different ways: increased expression might promote viral entry, whereas ACE2 increased expression may be beneficial due to ACE2 antiinflammatory and other beneficial effects (Figure 1 ) that could prevent pulmonary edema, ARDS, hypoxia, and redox stress development. Implications to SARS-CoV-2-related cardiovascular complications Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as a SARS-CoV-2 receptor: molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic target Study on the correlation among sex, age and the activity of ACE, ACE2 and the ratio of ACE/ACE2 High-salt diet increases glomerular ACE/ACE2 ratio leading to oxidative stress and kidney damage High glucose-induced Nox1-derived superoxides downregulate PKC-betaII, which subsequently decreases ACE2 expression and ANG(1-7) formation in rat VSMCs Activation of reninangiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the lung of smoking-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) rats Expression of ACE and ACE2 in individuals with diabetic kidney disease and healthy controls Angiotensinconverting enzyme 2 is reduced in Alzheimer's disease in association with increasing amyloid-β and tau pathology Synergistic expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and ACE2 in human renal tissue and confounding effects of hypertension on the ACE to ACE2 ratio Relationship between renal injury and the antagonistic roles of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and ACE2 High-salt diets during pregnancy affected fetal and offspring renal renin-angiotensin system Enalapril protects against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in a swine model of cardiac arrest and resuscitation Balance between angiotensin converting enzyme and angiotensin converting enzyme 2 in patients with chronic heart failure -7) prevented obesity and hepatic inflammation by inhibition of resistin/TLR4/MAPK/NF-κB in rats fed with high-fat diet Renin-angiotensin system may trigger kidney damage in NOD mice Effectiveness of convalescent plasma therapy in severe COVID-19 patients The his and hers of the renin-angiotensin system Viroporins and inflammasomes: a key to understand virus-induced inflammation Role of angiotensin II type 1 receptor on renal NAD(P)H oxidase, oxidative stress and inflammation in nitric oxide inhibition induced-hypertension Mousepassaged severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus leads to lethal pulmonary edema and diffuse alveolar damage in adult but not young mice Pulmonary angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and inflammatory lung disease SARS coronavirus spike proteininduced innate immune response occurs via activation of the NF-kappaB pathway in human monocyte macrophages in vitro Developmental origin of lung macrophage diversity COVID-19-associated cardiovascular morbidity in older adults: a position paper from the Italian Society of Cardiovascular Researches Cardiac macrophage biology in the steadystate heart, the aging heart, and following myocardial infarction SARS-coronavirus modulation of myocardial ACE2 expression and inflammation in patients with SARS Hypoxic regulation of pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cyclic guanosine monophosphate-dependent kinase by the ubiquitin conjugating system Adaptation of iron requirement to hypoxic conditions at high altitude Hypocapnic alkalosis enhances oxidant-induced apoptosis of human alveolar epithelial type II cells Alkalosis in critically Ill patients with severe sepsis and septic shock Metabolic alkalosis is the most common acid-base disorder in ICU patients Oxidative stress markers to investigate the effects of hyperoxia in anesthesia Hyperoxia and oxidative stress in anesthesia and critical care medicine Oxygen in the critically ill: friend or foe?
    keywords: ace2; angiotensin; covid-19; enzyme; heart; patients; ratio; sars
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        item: #5167 of 5187
          id: cord-355899-wd00f8cw
      author: Dawson, E. D.
       title: Multiplexed, Microscale, Microarray-based Serological Assay for Antibodies Against All Human-Relevant Coronaviruses
        date: 2020-09-04
       words: 5858
      flesch: 41
     summary: The remainder of these data show that a wide range of antibody responses were observed in the positive specimens, highlighting the quantitative capabilities of the assay for assessing antibody response in COVID-19 vaccine pre-clinical and clinical trials. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.03.20179598 doi: medRxiv preprint Regardless of the utility and role of SARS-CoV-2 serology assays for diagnostic and seroprevalence applications, a critical application of serological testing for SARS-CoV-2 is monitoring antibody response to COVID-19 vaccine candidates during pre-clinical and clinical trials to enable a full understanding of the immune response post-vaccination.
    keywords: author; cov-2; funder; license; medrxiv; medrxiv preprint; preprint; sars; specimens
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        item: #5168 of 5187
          id: cord-355912-ioihqf0r
      author: Shomuradova, A. S.
       title: SARS-CoV-2 epitopes are recognized by a public and diverse repertoire of human T-cell receptors
        date: 2020-05-25
       words: 8653
      flesch: 51
     summary: Clonality of IFNγ-secreting cells was higher in CD4+ T cells ( Fig.3e ) with the number of IFNγsecreting CD4+ clones ranging between 19 and 545 (median=115). Of course, there are other ways of T-cell reactivity, this is in particular true for CD4+ T cells.
    keywords: cd4; cd8; cdr3; cells; cov-2; covid-19; data; donors; ifnγ; medrxiv; preprint; protein; response; sars; specific; tcr
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        item: #5169 of 5187
          id: cord-355924-8sk9al0n
      author: Allam, Loubna
       title: Targeting the GRP78-Dependant SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry by Peptides and Small Molecules
        date: 2020-10-21
       words: 4764
      flesch: 44
     summary: respiratory syndrome coronavirus The tetraspanin CD9 facilitates MERS-coronavirus entry by scaffolding host cell receptors and proteases Gene expression and in situ protein profiling of candidate SARS-CoV-2 receptors in human airway epithelial cells and lung tissue SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 is an interferon-stimulated gene in human airway epithelial cells and is detected in specific cell subsets across tissues Preliminary virtual screening studies to identify GRP78 inhibitors which may interfere with SARS-CoV-2 infection Alteration and analyses of viral entry with library-derived peptides Molecular screening and docking analysis of LMTK3and AKT1 combined inhibitors Effects of polyphenol compounds on influenza A virus replication and definition of their mechanism of action The antimicrobial and antiviral activity of polyphenols from almond (Prunus dulcis L.) skin In silico inhibition studies of AXL kinase by curcumin and its natural derivatives Curcumin-synthetic analogs library screening by docking and quantitative structure-activity relationship studies for AXL tyrosine kinase inhibition in cancers Probing the ATP site of GRP78 with nucleotide triphosphate analogs Three-dimensional structure prediction of the human LMTK3 catalytic domain in DYG-in conformation Open Babel: an open chemical toolbox AutoDock Vina: improving the speed and accuracy of docking with a new scoring function, efficient optimization, and multithreading The ClusPro web server for protein-protein docking ClusPro PeptiDock: efficient global docking of peptide recognition motifs using FFT Natural product-derived phytochemicals as potential agents against coronaviruses: a review Potential effects of curcumin in the treatment of COVID-19 infection Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a perspective from China Repurposing of known anti-virals as potential inhibitors for SARS-CoV-2 main protease using molecular docking analysis GRP78 is an important host factor for Japanese encephalitis virus entry and replication in mammalian cells HSPA5 is an essential host factor for Ebola virus infection �)�Epigallocatechin gallate overcomes resistance to etoposide-induced cell death by targeting the molecular chaperone glucose-regulated protein 78 Glucose-regulated protein 78 substratebinding domain alters its conformation upon EGCG inhibitor binding to nucleotide-binding domain: molecular dynamics studies Adenosine-derived inhibitors of 78 kDa glucose regulated protein (Grp78) ATPase: insights into isoform selectivity Natural products may interfere with SARS-CoV-2 attachment to the host cell Anti-infective properties of the golden spice curcumin Identification of potent COVID-19 main protease (Mpro) inhibitors from natural polyphenols: an in silico strategy unveils a hope against CORONA An in vitro study of theaflavins extracted from black tea to neutralize bovine rotavirus and bovine coronavirus infections Specific plant terpenoids and lignoids possess potent antiviral activities against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Inhibition of enveloped viruses infectivity by curcumin GRP78, a coreceptor for coxsackievirus A9, interacts with major histocompatibility complex class I molecules which mediate virus internalization Japanese encephalitis virus co-opts the ER-stress response protein GRP78 for viral infectivity The residues (ILE-13, SER-12, and THR-9) of satpdb14438 interacted with GRP78 residues THR-434, VAL-429, and THR-458.
    keywords: binding; cov-2; grp78; infection; interaction; peptides; protein; sars; spike; virus
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        item: #5170 of 5187
          id: cord-355935-psnqrdo2
      author: Paez, Antonio
       title: A Spatio‐Temporal Analysis of the Environmental Correlates of COVID‐19 Incidence in Spain
        date: 2020-06-08
       words: 8999
      flesch: 47
     summary: The classical SUR model without spatial effects (from here, SUR-SIM) is a stack of equations as follows: where y t = (y 1t , … , y Nt ) is a N × 1 vector, and in our case y st is the incidence ratio in the province s (s = 1, …, N) the day t (t = 1, …, T); X t is a N × When the null hypothesis is rejected, several alternative specifications have been proposed to include spatial effects (Anselin 1988) .
    keywords: analysis; covid-19; days; disease; effect; humidity; incidence; model; period; population; provinces; temperature; time; variables
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        item: #5171 of 5187
          id: cord-355943-bezpprrk
      author: Li, Y.
       title: Urine Proteome of COVID-19 Patients
        date: 2020-05-06
       words: 4443
      flesch: 46
     summary: There is an urgent need for low-cost and reliable diagnostic techniques to estimate and predict the transition of severe COVID-19 patients from mild COVID-19 ones. key: cord-355943-bezpprrk authors: Li, Y.; Wang, Y.; Liu, H.; Sun, W.; Ding, B.; Zhao, Y.; Chen, P.; Zhu, L.; Li, Z.; Li, N.; Chang, L.; Wang, H.; Bai, C.; Xu, P. title: Urine Proteome of COVID-19 Patients date: 2020-05-06 journal: nan DOI: 10.1101/2020.05.02.20088666 sha: doc_id: 355943 cord_uid: bezpprrk The atypical pneumonia (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 is an ongoing pandemic and a serious threat to global public health.
    keywords: author; covid-19; funder; license; medrxiv; patients; peer; preprint; urine; version
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        item: #5172 of 5187
          id: cord-356005-zhwtlik6
      author: Yazhini, Arangasamy
       title: D614G substitution enhances the stability of trimeric SARS-CoV-2 spike protein
        date: 2020-11-02
       words: 2628
      flesch: 37
     summary: Several studies to characterize the new virus expressing G614 variant show that it exhibits increased infectivity compared to the ancestral virus having D614 spike protein. Here, using in-silico mutagenesis and energy calculations, we analyzed inter-residue interaction energies and thermodynamic stability of the dominant (G614) and the ancestral (D614) variants of spike protein trimer in ‘closed’ and ‘partially open’ conformations.
    keywords: d614; frustration; protein; spike
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        item: #5173 of 5187
          id: cord-356009-emn2w8if
      author: Roshandel, M. R.
       title: What Specimen Urologists Should Be Most Concerned About ? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
        date: 2020-10-13
       words: 4690
      flesch: 40
     summary: The Journal of infection Persistent shedding of viable SARS-CoV in urine and stool of SARS patients during the convalescent phase SARS-CoV-2 infection does not significantly cause acute renal injury: an analysis of 116 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in a single hospital Quantitative detection and viral load analysis of SARS-CoV-2 in infected patients Viral load of SARS-CoV-2 in clinical samples. Nevertheless, a lack of concordance between the severity of disease and ICU admission rates in two groups in table 2 indicates heterogeneity of study populations among the studies.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; disease; medrxiv; patients; preprint; sars; shedding; studies; urine
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        item: #5174 of 5187
          id: cord-356021-lr3wj8we
      author: Choudhury, Chinmayee
       title: Fragment tailoring strategy to design novel chemical entities as potential binders of novel corona virus main protease
        date: 2020-06-01
       words: 6898
      flesch: 42
     summary: The 32 kb long RNA genome of SARS-CoV-2 (Lu et al., 2020) codes for its structural proteins such as spike glycoprotein which facilitates the entry of the virus into the host cells through interaction with the host enzyme ACE2 (Hasan et al., 2020) , the nucleocapsid (Lu et al., 2020) , envelope and other membrane proteins and the non-structural proteins such as the chymotrypsin like main protease (Jin et al., 2020) which cleaves the long polyprotein chains to release functional proteins required for replication. In this study, we have considered the main protease of the SARS-CoV-2 (SARS-CoV-2-M Pro ) as our target of interest for fragment-based design of new inhibitors (Jin et al., 2020) .
    keywords: binding; complexes; cov-2; docking; drug; et al; fragments; interactions; ligand; molecules; new; protein; sars
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        item: #5175 of 5187
          id: cord-356030-bbj4r81i
      author: Haehner, Antje
       title: Predictive Value of Sudden Olfactory Loss in the Diagnosis of COVID-19
        date: 2020-06-11
       words: 2050
      flesch: 49
     summary: Compared to COVID-19 patients without smell loss, they were significantly younger and less severely affected. COVID-19 patients with olfactory loss were significantly younger than those without smell loss (p = 0.04) and had less severe symptoms (Table 1) .
    keywords: loss; olfactory; patients; smell
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        item: #5176 of 5187
          id: cord-356084-621qzpqd
      author: Qu, Jiuxin
       title: Profile of IgG and IgM antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
        date: 2020-04-27
       words: 1579
      flesch: 51
     summary: [9] , and we detected high levels of IgG antibody in critical patients. Delayed, but stronger antibody responses were observed in critical patients.
    keywords: igg; igm; patients; sars
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        item: #5177 of 5187
          id: cord-356090-oj3d9ail
      author: Gorgun, D.
       title: Binding Mode of SARS-CoV2 Fusion Peptide to Human Cellular Membrane
        date: 2020-10-27
       words: 6071
      flesch: 42
     summary: A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster A review of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) Receptor recognition by the novel coronavirus from Wuhan: an analysis based on decade-long structural studies of SARS coronavirus Coronavirus membrane fusion mechanism offers a potential target for antiviral development Receptor binding and membrane fusion in virus entry: the influenza hemagglutinin Mechanisms of viral membrane fusion and its inhibition Structures and mechanisms of viral membrane fusion proteins: multiple variations on a common theme Virus membrane-fusion proteins: more than one way to make a hairpin Coronavirus binding and entry. To analyze the ensemble of FP membrane binding configurations captured in the 18 HMMM simulations where stable membrane binding was observed, clustering was performed using the z-distances between the the side chain COM and the membrane lipid phosphate plane.
    keywords: binding; cov2; fig; fusion; lipid; loop; membrane; mode; protein; residues; sars
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        item: #5178 of 5187
          id: cord-356150-ivso91ln
      author: Torretta, Sara
       title: Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR Using Different Sample Sources: Review of the Literature
        date: 2020-08-31
       words: 3504
      flesch: 40
     summary: Some procedural details can be adopted to minimize nosocomial transmission: as a fact, Won et al 23 proposed a laboratory-safe and low-cost protocol for COVID-19 detection. The high concordance between nasopharyngeal and saliva samples in detection rate of some respiratory viruses, including coronavirus, 32, 30, 31 and the sole detection of coronavirus in saliva but not in nasopharyngeal aspirates previously reported in some patients pushed a Chinese scientific team 26, 27 to test diagnostic reliability of saliva collection, as alternative diagnostic mean.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; nps; ops; patients; pcr; saliva; sars
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        item: #5179 of 5187
          id: cord-356154-ifb3qiz7
      author: Zhang, Rong
       title: A Study of Two Cases Co-Infected with SARS-CoV-2 and Human Immunodeficiency Virus
        date: 2020-09-07
       words: 1067
      flesch: 48
     summary: In general, the blocking of the IL-6 receptor with tocilizumab has a particular effect on the treatment of COVID-19 patients with severe disease, but it may have little effect on patients with Fig. COVID-19 patients with immunodeficiency disease may cause more severe illness and poor treatment response due to the destruction of the immune system.
    keywords: patient; sars; treatment
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        item: #5180 of 5187
          id: cord-356166-fpno9zg5
      author: Miyakawa, Kei
       title: Rapid quantitative screening assay for SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies using HiBiT-tagged virus-like particles
        date: 2020-09-15
       words: 1559
      flesch: 40
     summary: In this setting, surrogate antibody detection tests can produce erroneous results. Moreover, SARS-CoV-2 infects host cells through receptor binding domain (RBD) within S1 subunit in spike protein on the surface of viral particles that bind to host surface angiotensin converting enzyme-2
    keywords: cov-2; nabs; sars
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        item: #5181 of 5187
          id: cord-356174-40k6m7l0
      author: Ducloyer, Mathilde
       title: Complete post-mortem data in a fatal case of COVID-19: clinical, radiological and pathological correlations
        date: 2020-08-06
       words: 2880
      flesch: 42
     summary: Only viral cultures from post-mortem samples would reliably demonstrate viral survival in the deceased. Post-mortem virology studies detected the presence of SARS-CoV-2 (B.1 lineage) in the nasopharynx, plasma, lung biopsies, pleural effusion and faeces confirming the persistence of viral ribonucleic acid 48 h after death.
    keywords: autopsy; coronavirus; covid-19; death; disease; findings; lungs; samples; sars
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        item: #5182 of 5187
          id: cord-356195-5pcaxpp9
      author: Jothimani, Dinesh
       title: COVID-19 and Liver.
        date: 2020-06-15
       words: 3977
      flesch: 41
     summary: Caution needs to be exercised when considering initiation of steroids or other immunosuppressive therapy in liver disease patients e.g.; Severe alcoholic hepatitis, Auto immune hepatitis etc 31 . His PCR remained positive for nearly 2 months and subsequently cleared 72 Literature from SARS-CoV and MERS show that post liver transplant patients on immunosuppression were not at risk for high mortality.
    keywords: ace2; clinical; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; infection; liver; patients; sars; syndrome
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        item: #5183 of 5187
          id: cord-356217-igm2t7md
      author: Noda, Sakura
       title: Severe COVID-19 initially presenting as mesenteric adenopathy
        date: 2020-10-10
       words: 1599
      flesch: 36
     summary: Notably, no initial clinical symptoms or CT findings suggested COVID-19 respiratory infection. One recent study of adults with COVID-19 identified abdominal imaging findings of bowel wall thickening, pneumatosis, and portal venous gas suggestive of ischemia secondary to small-vessel thrombosis, some confirmed by pathology [3] .
    keywords: boy; cov-2; covid-19; disease; findings
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        item: #5184 of 5187
          id: cord-356264-q0yqnlyl
      author: Armijos-Jaramillo, Vinicio
       title: SARS-CoV-2, an evolutionary perspective of interaction with human ACE2 reveals undiscovered amino acids necessary for complex stability
        date: 2020-03-23
       words: 4990
      flesch: 45
     summary: To resolve these ambiguities in positive selection sites we calculate putative selection sites with CODEML (using Bayes Empirical Bayes from M2 and M8 models) and FUBAR with different datasets reflecting the addition of novel sequences to online repositories (broad, closer, closer without MN996532 and MT084071 and closer without MT084071) and we obtain different results. This result does not disregard the presence of positive selection sites in SARS-CoV-2, nonetheless, it shows the limitation of the methods to identify with precision specific sites under positive selection in a precise taxon of a phylogenetic tree.
    keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; hace2; human; protein; receptor; sars; selection; sites
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        item: #5185 of 5187
          id: cord-356325-gk5jve0i
      author: Beaudoin-Bussières, Guillaume
       title: Decline of Humoral Responses against SARS-CoV-2 Spike in Convalescent Individuals
        date: 2020-10-16
       words: 2149
      flesch: 36
     summary: Convalescent plasma as a potential therapy for COVID-19 Challenges of convalescent plasma infusion therapy in Middle East respiratory coronavirus infection: a single centre experience Convalescent plasma treatment reduced mortality in patients with severe pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 virus infection Use of convalescent plasma therapy in SARS patients in Hong Kong Deployment of convalescent plasma for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 A randomized trial of convalescent plasma for COVID-19-potentially hopeful signals The convalescent sera option for containing COVID-19 Early safety indicators of COVID-19 convalescent plasma in 5,000 patients Effectiveness of convalescent plasma therapy in severe COVID-19 patients Effect of convalescent plasma therapy on time to clinical improvement in patients with severe and life-threatening COVID-19: a randomized clinical trial Convergent antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in convalescent individuals Primary exposure to SARS-CoV-2 protects against reinfection in rhesus macaques IgA dominates the early neutralizing antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 Cross-sectional evaluation of humoral responses against SARS-CoV-2 Spike Antibody testing for COVID-19: a report from the National COVID Scientific Advisory Panel Clinical and immunological assessment of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections increases infectivity of the COVID-19 virus Measuring SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody activity using pseudotyped and chimeric viruses An mRNA vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 -preliminary report Longitudinal evaluation and decline of antibody responses in SARS-CoV-2 infection SARS-CoV-2 infections and serologic responses from a sample of U.S. Navy service members -USS key: cord-356325-gk5jve0i authors: Beaudoin-Bussières, Guillaume; Laumaea, Annemarie; Anand, Sai Priya; Prévost, Jérémie; Gasser, Romain; Goyette, Guillaume; Medjahed, Halima; Perreault, Josée; Tremblay, Tony; Lewin, Antoine; Gokool, Laurie; Morrisseau, Chantal; Bégin, Philippe; Tremblay, Cécile; Martel-Laferrière, Valérie; Kaufmann, Daniel E.; Richard, Jonathan; Bazin, Renée; Finzi, Andrés title: Decline of Humoral Responses against SARS-CoV-2 Spike in Convalescent Individuals date: 2020-10-16 journal: mBio DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02590-20 sha: doc_id: 356325 cord_uid: gk5jve0i In the absence of effective vaccines and with limited therapeutic options, convalescent plasma is being collected across the globe for potential transfusion to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients.
    keywords: activity; convalescent; cov-2; fig; plasma; sars
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        item: #5186 of 5187
          id: cord-356364-ipi81ce3
      author: Ho, Bo-Lin
       title: Critical Assessment of the Important Residues Involved in the Dimerization and Catalysis of MERS Coronavirus Main Protease
        date: 2015-12-14
       words: 5061
      flesch: 56
     summary: Calorimetric titrations of the peptide substrate TQ6-pNA (0.5 mM in a 250-μl syringe) and M pro (6 μM in a 4-ml ampoule) were carried out at 25°C in 10 mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.6). However, thrombin digestion leaves two extra residues (Gly-Ser) at the N-terminus of M pro , resulting in protein with no proteolytic activity (data not shown).
    keywords: coronavirus; cov; cov m; dimerization; enzyme; fig; mers; pro; sars; substrate
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        item: #5187 of 5187
          id: cord-356370-jjl1hbeb
      author: Sahajpal, Nikhil Shri
       title: Role of clinical laboratories in response to the COVID-19 pandemic
        date: 2020-06-19
       words: 1603
      flesch: 35
     summary: key: cord-356370-jjl1hbeb authors: Sahajpal, Nikhil Shri; Njau, Allan; Mondal, Ashis K; Ananth, Sudha; Chaubey, Alka; Rojiani, Amyn; Kolhe, Ravindra title: Role of clinical laboratories in response to the COVID-19 pandemic date: 2020-06-19 journal: In the US, clinical laboratories are required to perform 'bridging studies' on FDA approved SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic assays to implement testing under the EUA regulation.
    keywords: cov-2; covid-19; laboratories; sars; testing
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