item: #1 of 116 id: cord-001197-bhlxglyd author: Olival, Kevin J. title: Linking the Historical Roots of Environmental Conservation with Human and Wildlife Health date: 2013-09-28 words: 2069 flesch: 39 summary: Economic importance of bats in agriculture Emerging infectious diseases of wildlif: threats to biodiversity and human health The emergence of Nipah and Hendra virus: pathogen dynamics across a wildlife-livestock-human continuum An emerging disease causes regional population collapse of a common North American bat species The Morning After Earth Day Zoonosis emergence linked to agricultural intensification and environmental change Global trends in emerging infectious diseases Zoonoses 1 Ecology of zoonoses: natural and unnatural histories Sociality, density-dependence and microclimates determine the persistence of populations suffering from a novel fungal disease, white-nose syndrome Emerging Infections: Microbial Threats to Health in the United States Prediction and prevention of the next pandemic zoonosis The Century Company Murray KA, Daszak P (2013) Human ecology in pathogenic landscapes: two hypotheses on how land use change drives viral emergence Agricultural intensification, priming for persistence and the emergence of Nipah virus: a lethal batborne zoonosis Report on the Last Two Cholera-Epidemics of London, as Affected by the Consumption of Impure Water, London: The General Board of Health Now our major concern is no longer with the disease organisms that once were omnipresent; sanitation, better living conditions, and new drugs have given us a high degree of control over infectious disease. keywords: conservation; disease; environmental; health; human; pollution cache: cord-001197-bhlxglyd.txt plain text: cord-001197-bhlxglyd.txt item: #2 of 116 id: cord-001800-644lf8vn author: Biggerstaff, Matthew title: Estimating the Potential Effects of a Vaccine Program Against an Emerging Influenza Pandemic—United States date: 2015-05-01 words: 4495 flesch: 36 summary: Also important is the need to identify ways to invest in improvements that will notably increase the capacity to administer large number of doses of pandemic influenza vaccine. Factors that may impact vaccine dose availability include how soon we develop an appropriate vaccine virus candidate, growth characteristics of vaccine virus candidates, influenza vaccine production capacity, efficiency of vaccine allocation and distribution, and vaccine administration capacity. keywords: doses; hospitalizations; influenza; pandemic; vaccine; weeks cache: cord-001800-644lf8vn.txt plain text: cord-001800-644lf8vn.txt item: #3 of 116 id: cord-003970-3e58229u author: Paploski, Igor Adolfo Dexheimer title: Temporal Dynamics of Co-circulating Lineages of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus date: 2019-11-01 words: 8414 flesch: 33 summary: While the existence of PRRSV lineages is well established, the dynamics of their cocirculation within a given region has not been well documented. Reports that show the waxing and waning of different viral types in the whole North America (Shi et al., 2010b) are helpful when understanding continent-wide status of PRRSV lineages. keywords: data; et al; farms; immune; infection; lineages; porcine; prrsv; sequences; states; syndrome; united; virus cache: cord-003970-3e58229u.txt plain text: cord-003970-3e58229u.txt item: #4 of 116 id: cord-005227-74ycwmyg author: Richardson, Jacques G. title: The bane of “inhumane” weapons and overkill: An overview of increasingly lethal arms and the inadequacy of regulatory controls date: 2004 words: 12246 flesch: 49 summary: The Chinese government even claimed that Japanese chemical weapons were used more than 2,000 times in China against both military and civilians, taking the lives of 80,000 civilians. Whereas the living germs stored in biological weapons have long since become extinct, chemical ammunition (loaded mainly with mustard gas) remains potent and perilous. keywords: agents; american; arms; british; century; chemical; destruction; forces; french; gas; haber; institute; military; mines; national; new; research; russian; states; troops; united; use; victims; war; warfare; water; weapons; world; world war; years cache: cord-005227-74ycwmyg.txt plain text: cord-005227-74ycwmyg.txt item: #5 of 116 id: cord-005861-3k8h3euj author: Gravenstein, J. S. title: Safety in anesthesia date: 2014-03-17 words: 3660 flesch: 47 summary: key: cord-005861-3k8h3euj authors: Gravenstein, J. S. title: Safety in anesthesia date: 2014-03-17 journal: Anaesthesist DOI: 10.1007/s00101-002-0319-4 sha: doc_id: 5861 cord_uid: 3k8h3euj The specialty of anesthesiology has made extraordinary advances in anesthesia safety. Such safety standards have become much more elaborate during the last decades and can be found in many countries. keywords: analysis; anesthesia; equipment; operating; outcome; patient; pressure; safety; standards; system cache: cord-005861-3k8h3euj.txt plain text: cord-005861-3k8h3euj.txt item: #6 of 116 id: cord-007542-12dzeebn author: Jonas, Richard A. title: Rewards, risks, and responsibilities of globalization for the cardiothoracic surgeon date: 2007-06-26 words: 5595 flesch: 48 summary: And the cumulative population of adults with congenital heart disease is also increasing the workload for many congenital heart programs. Surely within our tiny subspecialty, which comprises perhaps only 200 in the United States and I would guess no more than 1000 dedicated congenital cardiac surgeons globally, it would make sense to establish a system of global certification that would facilitate the movement of congenital heart surgeons from areas of contracting to expanding need. keywords: cardiothoracic; figure; globalization; health; heart; new; states; surgeons; surgery; united; world; years cache: cord-007542-12dzeebn.txt plain text: cord-007542-12dzeebn.txt item: #7 of 116 id: cord-009507-l74c9x0n author: Singh, Amandeep title: Clinicopathological Conference: Fever, Productive Cough, and Tachycardia in a 22‐year‐old Asian Male date: 2008-01-08 words: 4402 flesch: 40 summary: Large pericardial effusions are most common with tumors, tuberculosis pericarditis, cholesterol pericarditis, myxedema, vasculitis/connective tissue disease, uremic pericarditis, and parasitoses. To summarize, this patient's recent immigration, symptoms of intermittent fever and of chronic cough that failed to respond to outpatient antibiotics, and development of large pericardial effusion all are consistent with a diagnosis of tuberculosis. keywords: chest; cough; disease; effusion; fever; infection; patient; pericarditis; symptoms; tuberculosis cache: cord-009507-l74c9x0n.txt plain text: cord-009507-l74c9x0n.txt item: #8 of 116 id: cord-009997-oecpqf1j author: None title: 2018 ASPHO ABSTRACTS date: 2018-03-31 words: 182444 flesch: 45 summary: Of included patients, 165 had treatment intensity of 2 (41.0%), 192 of 3 (47.8%) and 45 of 4 (11.2%). After 2 cycles of treatment patient was no longer requiring oxygen and was ambulating without assistance. keywords: acute; addition; adherence; adult patients; age; aml; aml patients; analysis; anemia; anti; average; background; baseline; biopsy; bleeding; blood; blood cell; bone; cancer; cancer patients; care; cases; cell; cell disease; center; chart; chemotherapy; childhood; children; chronic; clinical; cohort; complications; conclusion; control; count; course; cycles; data; days; death; design; development; diagnosis; differences; disease; dose; effects; efficacy; end; episodes; evaluation; events; evidence; expression; factors; failure; family; female; fever; findings; following; function; gene; grade; group; guidelines; health; hemoglobin; high; history; hospital; hsct patients; hydroxyurea; imaging; immune; impact; improvement; incidence; increase; induction; infection; initial; institution; intervention; iron; laboratory; lesions; leukemia; levels; life; literature; liver; loss; low; lymphoma; male; management; marrow; mean; median; medical; metastatic; method; months; mortality; multiple; mutations; n =; need; negative; neuroblastoma; neuroblastoma patients; neutropenia; new; non; normal; novel; number; objectives; oncology patients; outcomes; p =; pain; parents; patients; pediatric; period; platelet; population; positive; post; potential; present; presentation; primary; program; providers; range; rates; relapse; report; required; research; response; results; review; risk; risk patients; role; scd patients; scores; screening; severe; sickle; sirolimus; specific; stage; standard; states; states background; stem; studies; study; support; survival; survivors; symptoms; syndrome; term; testing; therapy; thrombocytopenia; time; total; transfusion; transplant; treatment; tumor; type; united; use; weeks; years cache: cord-009997-oecpqf1j.txt plain text: cord-009997-oecpqf1j.txt item: #9 of 116 id: cord-015646-tt2p9uue author: Xue, Lan title: Global Strategies and Response Measures to the Influenza A (H1N1) Pandemic date: 2018-11-24 words: 9340 flesch: 34 summary: 9 In addition to its preparation and alert efforts, the WHO also strengthened pandemic monitoring and introduced a series of strategies and measures relating to pandemic response, treatment, vaccine development, inoculation, and distribution. (UPMC's) Center for Biosecurity held a conference to summarize important lessons learned from pandemic responses and raised policy suggestions in mitigating future infectious disease emergencies. keywords: control; countries; government; h1n1; health; influenza; influenza pandemic; measures; national; pandemic; prevention; public; response; states; united; virus cache: cord-015646-tt2p9uue.txt plain text: cord-015646-tt2p9uue.txt item: #10 of 116 id: cord-016130-5q9ufu28 author: Linday, Linda A. title: Nutritional Supplements and Upper Respiratory Tract Illnesses in Young Children in the United States date: 2010-12-17 words: 11346 flesch: 37 summary: The New York Times Mercury and fish oil supplements; Letter Increased mortality in children with mild vitamin A deficiency Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary Vitamin A and retinoids: an update of biological aspects and clinical applications Vitamin A supplementation: implications for morbidity and mortality in children Vitamin A supplementation in infectious diseases: a meta-analysis Vitamin A supplementation and childhood morbidity from diarrhea and respiratory infections: a meta-analysis A randomized, controlled trial of vitamin A in children with severe measles Vitamin A and retinoids in antiviral responses Vitamin A, infection, and immune function Vitamin A therapy for children with respiratory syncytial virus infection: a multicenter trial in the United States Treatment of respiratory syncytial virus infection with vitamin A: a randomized Vitamin A supplements ameliorate the adverse effect of HIV-1, malaria, and diarrheal infections on child growth Vitamin A supplements ameliorate the adverse effect of HIV-1, malaria, and diarrheal infections on child growth Dietary vitamin A intake and the risk of mortality among children Dietary vitamin A intake and the incidence of diarrhea and respiratory infection among Sudanese children Dietary vitamin A intake in relation to child growth Vitamin D analogues in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and other autoimmune diseases: a therapeutic perspective Comparison of the effects of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on T lymphocyte subpopulations This chapter discusses the role of essential fatty acids, vitamins, and trace metals in the pathophysiology of inflammation; reviews our clinical research on the use of a lemon-flavored cod liver oil (which meets European purity standards) and a children's chewable multivitamin-mineral with Se for the prevention and adjunctive treatment of these disorders; reviews the history of cod liver oil, including its importance in the discovery of vitamin D and the anti-infective properties of vitamin A; and discusses the current clinical use of these supplements. keywords: children; cod; cod liver; fatty; fish; group; infections; liver; liver oil; oil; rickets; sinusitis; states; study; supplementation; supplements; treatment; united; use; vitamin cache: cord-016130-5q9ufu28.txt plain text: cord-016130-5q9ufu28.txt item: #11 of 116 id: cord-016285-cwhmm3f6 author: None title: Challenges to the European Exception: What Can S&T Do? date: 2006 words: 7855 flesch: 51 summary: Economic growth is slow. In the second half of the post-war period, however, the decline in economic growth was more pronounced in Europe than in the United States, Japan and other OECD economies (Figs 1.1 and 1.2) . keywords: cent; challenges; change; countries; employment; europe; european; growth; knowledge; new; s&t; society; states; united cache: cord-016285-cwhmm3f6.txt plain text: cord-016285-cwhmm3f6.txt item: #12 of 116 id: cord-016322-dyjpfvvf author: Gardner, Anthony Luzzatto title: Foreign Aid and Humanitarian Assistance date: 2019-12-10 words: 9075 flesch: 45 summary: Moreover, US foreign aid is sometimes used as a tool to open global markets to US exports and is often tied to the purchase of US 7 The United Nations has urged countries to spend at least 0.7% of their GDP on foreign aid, a target met by Sweden, Luxembourg, Norway, Denmark, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom. US foreign aid policy is often shaped by national security concerns, especially during major wars, and devotes significant resources to military and non-military security assistance (concentrated in Afghanistan, Israel, Egypt, and Iraq). keywords: africa; aid; areas; assistance; countries; crisis; development; ebola; european; food; global; outbreak; people; power; states; united; world cache: cord-016322-dyjpfvvf.txt plain text: cord-016322-dyjpfvvf.txt item: #13 of 116 id: cord-016379-lcog1654 author: Pimentel, David title: Plant,Animal, and Microbe Invasive Species in the United States and World date: 2007 words: 5744 flesch: 52 summary: In the United States, introduced plant species are spreading and invading approximately 700,000 ha of US natural ecosystems per year (Babbitt 1998) . Some of the invasive plants established in the US and world have displaced native plant species. keywords: ecosystems; invasive; pest; pimentel; plants; species; states; united; world; year cache: cord-016379-lcog1654.txt plain text: cord-016379-lcog1654.txt item: #14 of 116 id: cord-016536-8wfyaxcb author: Ubokudom, Sunday E. title: Physical, Social and Cultural, and Global Influences date: 2012-02-20 words: 10473 flesch: 38 summary: In a letter to the Editor of the JAMA , Winkelstein ( 1993 Winkelstein ( , p. 2504 argues that curative medical care, or those practices that are used for the care and rehabilitation of the sick, which involve most of the physical and designed social technologies listed in Table 5 .1 of the previous chapter, is not the same as health care. Further, it is argued that as countries compete for foreign direct investment and outsourced production, the need to appear business-friendly may limit their ability to adopt and implement labor standards, occupational safety and health regulations, and other redistributive programs (Cornia 2005 ) ; global integration of production may cause a sharp decline in the wages of, and demand for, low-skilled workers; large amounts of debt limit the ability of many developing and developed countries to meet other human needs related to health, education, water, public safety, sanitation, nutrition, etc.; globalization may lead to an intensifi cation of worldwide social relations which link distant localities in such a way that local happenings are shaped by events occurring many miles away, and vice versa (Giddens 1990 , p. 64) ; much of the urbanization caused by international fi nance and trade policies occurs in countries that have limited resources to provide urban infrastructures; and the emphasis on private fi nancing and provision of health care leads to large-scale underinsurance and uninsurance in both the developed and developing countries (Labonte and Schrecker 2007 , p. 6) . keywords: care; causes; countries; disease; environmental; et al; factors; global; health; health care; income; people; policy; population; public; services; states; united; united states; world cache: cord-016536-8wfyaxcb.txt plain text: cord-016536-8wfyaxcb.txt item: #15 of 116 id: cord-016557-f2mzwhrt author: Aggrawal, Anil title: Agrochemical Poisoning date: 2006 words: 18208 flesch: 47 summary: However, the hallmark of paraquat poisoning, especially when the victim has survived a few days, are the profound changes in lungs. Out of the 18 deaths caused by pesticides reported by the 2002 AAPCC annual report (15) , two were the result of paraquat poisoning. keywords: acid; activity; acute; agent; alp; autopsy; blood; bromide; cases; cause; chemicals; compounds; control; copper; death; e.g.; effects; exposure; fluoride; gas; herbicide; ingestion; insecticides; liver; lung; methyl; mixture; mucosa; organophosphorus; paraquat; paraquat poisoning; parathion; pesticides; poisoning; sodium; sulfate; toxicity; water; workers cache: cord-016557-f2mzwhrt.txt plain text: cord-016557-f2mzwhrt.txt item: #16 of 116 id: cord-016840-p3sq99yg author: Bales, Connie Watkins title: Minimizing the Impact of Complex Emergencies on Nutrition and Geriatric Health: Planning for Prevention is Key date: 2008-09-09 words: 7279 flesch: 43 summary: In recognition of the severe strain that a major disease outbreak can place on health systems, the World Health Organization (WHO) advocates for an 'integrated global alert and response system for epidemics and other public health emergencies' that allows for 'a collective approach to the prevention, detection, and timely response' for these emergencies (http://www.who.int/csr/en/). While terms like 'disaster relief' and 'humanitarian crisis' may be Any of a number of crisis situations that greatly elevate the health risk of individuals in the affected area; examples are natural disasters like floods and earthquakes; urban health emergencies like fires, epidemics, and blackouts; and terrorist acts like massive bombings or poisonings of food or water supplies. keywords: access; adults; care; emergencies; emergency; food; health; kits; medical; nutrition; people; persons; power; risk; water cache: cord-016840-p3sq99yg.txt plain text: cord-016840-p3sq99yg.txt item: #17 of 116 id: cord-016855-hqs94hfa author: Simpson, William M. title: Pesticides date: 2006 words: 4762 flesch: 45 summary: Treatment of paraquat ingestion is aimed at several points along the toxicity pathway-removing toxin from the GI tract, increasing excretion from the blood, and preventing pulmonary damage with anti-inflammatory agents. Renal and hepatic dysfunction may occur with large ingestions. keywords: decontamination; exposure; herbicides; hours; ingestion; poisoning; produce; skin; symptoms; toxicity; treatment cache: cord-016855-hqs94hfa.txt plain text: cord-016855-hqs94hfa.txt item: #18 of 116 id: cord-017351-73hlwwdh author: Quarantelli, E. L. title: Studying Future Disasters and Crises: A Heuristic Approach date: 2017-09-12 words: 13136 flesch: 53 summary: Creating opportunities for cooperation and dramatic change Some contributions German Katastrophensoziologie can make to the sociology of disaster Old virus has a new trick: Mailing itself in quantity Theory of collective behavior as cultural trauma Cities and catastrophes: Coping with emergency in European history Conflict in natural disaster: A codification of consensus and conflict theories Methods of disaster research Why things bite back Expert political judgment. The literature on crisis and disaster research suggests that we are at another important historical juncture with the emergence of a new distinctive class of disasters and crises not often seen before (Ansell, Boin, & Keller, 2010; Helsloot, Boin, Jacobs, & Comfort, 2012; Tierney, 2014) . keywords: century; conflict; crises; disasters; emergency; example; future; groups; hazards; management; new; planning; research; researchers; risk; social; societies; studies; systems; time; transboundary; united; world cache: cord-017351-73hlwwdh.txt plain text: cord-017351-73hlwwdh.txt item: #19 of 116 id: cord-017469-dnnkor2o author: Georgiev, Vassil St. title: Tick-Borne Bacterial, Rickettsial, Spirochetal, and Protozoal Diseases date: 2009 words: 16536 flesch: 36 summary: Lack of evidence of Borrelia involvement in Alzheimer's disease Two controlled trials of antibiotic treatment in patients with persistent symptoms and a history of Lyme disease Cognitive function in post-treatment Lyme disease: do additional antibiotics help? Study and treatment of post Lyme disease (STOP-LD): a randomized double masked clinical trial Genotypes determine phenotype in experimental Lyme disease Increased expression of B-lymphocyte chemoattractant but not pro-inflammatory cytokines, in muscle tissue in rhesus chronic Lyme borreliosis The chemokine CXCL13 (BLC): a putative diagnostic marker for neuroborreliosis Detection of attenuated, noninfectious spirochetes of Borrelia burgdorferi-infected mice after antibiotic treatment Identification of candidate T-cell epitopes and molecular mimics in chronic Lyme disease Antibodies against OspA epitopes of Borrelia burgdorferi cross-react with neural tissue Evidence of Borrelia autoimmunity-induced component of Lyme carditis and arthritis Homologies betwen proteins of Borrelia burgdorferi and thyroid autoantigens A case-control study to examine HLA haplotype associations in patients with posttreatment chronic Lyme disease Increased arthritis severity in mice coinfected with Borrelia burgdorferi and Babesia microti Coinfection with Borrelia burgdorferi and the agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis alters the murine immune responses, pathogen burden, and severity of Lyme arthritis Controlled trials of antibiotic treatment in patients with post-treatment chronic Lyme disease, Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis Cytolethal distending toxin is essential for colonization of Helicobacter hepaticus in outbread Swiss Webster mice Characterization of a Borrelia burgdorferi VlsE invariable region useful in canine Lyme disease serodiagnosis by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Intralaboratory reliability of serologic and urine testing for Lime disease Critical evaluation of urine-based PCR assay for diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis Pretreatment and post-treatment assessment of the C6 test in patients with persistent symptoms and a history of Lyme borreliosis Comparison of Western immunoblotting and the C 6 Lyme antibody test for laboratory detection of Lyme disease A decline in C 6 antibody titer occurs in successfully treated patients with culturecontrolled early localized or early disseminated Lyme borreliosis Detection of immune complexes is not independent of detection of antibodies in Lyme disease patients and does not confirm active infection with Borrelia burgdorferi A plasmid-encoded nicotinamidase (PncA) is essential for infectivity of Borrelia burgdorferi in a mammalian host Identification of Borrelia burgdorferi outer surface protein TRO-SPA, and Ixodes scapularis receptor for Borrelia burgdorferi An ecological approach to preventing human infection: vaccinating wild mouse reservoirs intervenes in the Lyme disease cycle In NIAID-supported clinical studies on chronic Lyme disease, patients with persisting symptoms were examined to determine if they might have been co-infected with other tick-borne infectious diseases at the time of their acute episode of Lyme disease. keywords: borrelia; burgdorferi; cases; days; disease; doxycycline; ehrlichiosis; fever; hga; human; infection; lyme; lyme disease; mice; ospa; patients; research; states; studies; symptoms; therapy; tick; transmission; treatment; tularemia; united cache: cord-017469-dnnkor2o.txt plain text: cord-017469-dnnkor2o.txt item: #20 of 116 id: cord-017554-yvx1gyp9 author: Martin, Susan F. title: Forced Migration and Refugee Policy date: 2017-09-15 words: 14665 flesch: 41 summary: They fall into three categories: (1) policies that permit migrants already on the territory of the destination country to remain for at least a temporary period; (2) policies to respond to new movements of people leaving either directly or indirectly as a result of the crisis; and (3) evacuation of citizens and selected others from crisis affected countries. The evacuations share many similarities with other forced migration situations. keywords: conflict; countries; country; crises; disasters; displacement; example; humanitarian; international; migrants; migration; people; persons; policies; protection; refugees; return; rights; states; unhcr cache: cord-017554-yvx1gyp9.txt plain text: cord-017554-yvx1gyp9.txt item: #21 of 116 id: cord-017675-in9r33ww author: None title: The Way Forward: Prevention, Treatment and Human Rights date: 2008 words: 18425 flesch: 48 summary: HIV treatment and prevention should be integrated, in HIV prevention strategies fall into four general categories: (1) prevention of sexual transmission; (2) prevention of blood-borne transmission: (3) prevention of mother-to-child transmission; and (4) social strategies. In Ghana cases fell by an eighth and Based on these results, the WHO believes that a 5-year campaign that distributes well for HIV prevention. keywords: access; aids; care; chap; countries; court; discrimination; drug; groups; health; hiv; hiv prevention; hiv transmission; human; international; laws; new; people; prevention; programs; public; rights; risk; sex; states; transmission; treatment; united; use cache: cord-017675-in9r33ww.txt plain text: cord-017675-in9r33ww.txt item: #22 of 116 id: cord-017858-kugh9y8c author: De Sanctis, Fausto Martin title: Civil and Criminal Legislation Regarding Money Laundering and the Protection of Cultural Heritage date: 2013-06-09 words: 10891 flesch: 39 summary: Porto Alegre: Verbo Jurídico Justiça especializada para os crimes de lavagem de dinheiro e contra o -Apontamentos sobre a perda de eficácia de grande parte da Lei 9 Para ministro, há cultura de crimes. keywords: action; activity; article; assets; convention; countries; crime; criminal; cultural; direito; federal; financing; heritage; laundering; law; means; money; money laundering; penal; proceeds; property; recommendation; states; são; united cache: cord-017858-kugh9y8c.txt plain text: cord-017858-kugh9y8c.txt item: #23 of 116 id: cord-017997-obvk2d8e author: Slater, Margaret R. title: The Welfare Of Feral Cats date: 2007 words: 12193 flesch: 50 summary: An introduction Brodifacoum residues in target and non-target species following an aerial poisoning operation on Motuihe Island Bird mortality from striking residential windows in winter Predation of birds at feeders in winter An evaluation of two methods of assessing feral cat and dingo abundance in central Australia Introduced mammals in a New Zealand forest: longterm research in the Orongorongo Valley Home range of feral house cats (Felis catus L.) in forest of the Orongorongo Valley Hunting behaviour of domestic cats and their impact on prey populations The clipped ear club Domestic cats as predators and factors in winter shortages of raptor prey A trap, neuter, and release program for feral cats on Prince Edward Island Home ranges of introduced mustelids and feral cats at Trounson Kauri Park Secondary poisoning of mammalian predators during possum and rodent control operations at Trounson Kauri Park Bird and rat numbers on Little Barrier Island, New Zealand, over the period of cat eradication 1976-80 Incidence and regional distribution of the lungworm Aelurostrongylus abstrusus in cats in Croatia Reducing cat predation on wildlife. The case of the missing songbirds Emergency Response to raccoon rabies introduction into Ontario Parasitic zoonoses in perspective Characteristics of free-roaming cats evaluated in a trap-neuter-return program Body condition of feral cats and the effect of neutering Feral cats (Felis catus) as predator of hatchling green turtles (Chelonia mydas) keywords: animal; birds; cats; control; et al; fiv; health; island; populations; predation; prey; programs; rabies; species; tnr; united; welfare; wildlife; years cache: cord-017997-obvk2d8e.txt plain text: cord-017997-obvk2d8e.txt item: #24 of 116 id: cord-018084-c48chbfa author: Reynolds, Chris title: Global Health Security and Weapons of Mass Destruction Chapter date: 2019-06-07 words: 7450 flesch: 43 summary: WMD includes chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear weapons and explosives. Pakistan continues to produce nuclear weapons and develop new types of nuclear weapons, including short-range tactical weapons, sea-based cruise missiles, air-launched cruise missiles, and longer-range ballistic missiles. keywords: agents; attack; category; chemical; decontamination; health; mass; nuclear; proliferation; security; states; threat; united; use; weapons; wmd; world cache: cord-018084-c48chbfa.txt plain text: cord-018084-c48chbfa.txt item: #25 of 116 id: cord-018508-pk0ealu5 author: Hu, Yi title: A Farewell to the “Sick Man of East Asia”: The Irony, Deconstruction, and Reshaping of the Metaphor date: 2013-08-28 words: 5105 flesch: 51 summary: With their tacit understanding and informal networks, the peasants could help themselves without directly or symbolically fi ghting against the authority Report on Chinese people's voluntary army in the war to resist U.S. aggression and aid Korea Epidemics and history: Ecological perspectives and social responses Weapons of the weak: Everyday forms of peasant resistance Illness as metaphor Social history of diseases in modern China Guns, germs, and steel: The fates of human societies Suppression of U.S. germ warfare crimes. keywords: china; countries; diseases; germ; korea; metaphor; people; states; united; war; warfare; world cache: cord-018508-pk0ealu5.txt plain text: cord-018508-pk0ealu5.txt item: #26 of 116 id: cord-021555-rrverrsj author: Delano, Margaret L. title: Biology and Diseases of Ruminants: Sheep, Goats, and Cattle date: 2007-09-02 words: 71795 flesch: 48 summary: In less severe outbreaks or individual animal disease, definitive diagnosis may never be made. Therefore, they should be housed in groups or at least within eyesight and hearing of other animals. keywords: abortion; acute; addition; adult; age; animals; areas; blood; body; bovine; breeding; breeds; calves; cases; cattle; cause; cells; chronic; colostrum; condition; control; copper; cows; dairy; days; death; diagnosis; diarrhea; differential; disease; edema; environment; epizootiology; etiology; ewes; feces; feed; fever; findings; flock; form; gastrointestinal; goats; herd; host; immunity; infection; kids; lambs; lesions; levels; liver; loss; management; mastitis; milk; months; mortality; necropsy; organism; pathogenesis; period; pregnancy; prevention; production; research; result; rumen; ruminants; sheep; signs; skin; species; states; time; tissues; tract; transmission; treatment; type; united; vaccination; vaccine; viral; virus; water; weeks; weight; young cache: cord-021555-rrverrsj.txt plain text: cord-021555-rrverrsj.txt item: #27 of 116 id: cord-021637-f5wwn45z author: Douglas, R. Gordon title: The Vaccine Industry date: 2017-07-17 words: 6460 flesch: 38 summary: A key strategic document that guides the stakeholders in vaccine development is the target product profile (TPP). The first stage of vaccine development involves acceptance of a candidate from a basic research laboratory and development of a small-scale process and formulation to make material for Phase I study, analytical release assays, preclinical toxicology, immunological assays to evaluate clinical responses, an investigational new drug (IND) filing, and well-designed Phase I/IIa studies. keywords: companies; countries; development; industry; manufacturing; market; phase; process; product; r&d; research; studies; vaccine; world cache: cord-021637-f5wwn45z.txt plain text: cord-021637-f5wwn45z.txt item: #28 of 116 id: cord-021887-22lop0pk author: Artenstein, Andrew W. title: Biological Attack date: 2015-10-23 words: 7199 flesch: 33 summary: Clustering of patients with common signs and symptoms-especially if regionally unusual or otherwise characteristic of bioterrorism agents-is suggestive of an intentional exposure and should prompt expeditious notification of local public health authorities. As was vividly illustrated in the 2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome epidemic and previously well recognized when smallpox occurred with regularity, transmission of infection of potential bioterrorism agents within hospitals is common and difficult to control. keywords: agents; anthrax; attack; biological; bioterrorism; care; cases; disease; exposure; health; patients; smallpox; states; treatment; united; weapons cache: cord-021887-22lop0pk.txt plain text: cord-021887-22lop0pk.txt item: #29 of 116 id: cord-022035-annn4qn1 author: Menitove, Jay E. title: Other Viral, Bacterial, Parasitic and Prion-Based Infectious Complications date: 2009-05-15 words: 12441 flesch: 45 summary: The transfusion-associated transmission of parvovirus B19 Parvovirus B19 infection in patients with hemophilia Parvovirus B19 transmission by a highpurity factor VIII concentrate Detection of parvovirus B19 DNA in solventdetergent plasma Parvovirus B19 transmission by heat-treated clotting factor concentrates Prevalence of IgG antibodies to human parvovirus B19 in haemophilia children treated with recombinant factor (F)VIII only or with at least one plasma-derived FVIII or FIX concentrate: results from the French haemophilia cohort Human parvovirus B19 in young male patients with hemophilia A: associations with treatment product exposure and joint range-of-motion limitation Inactivation of parvovirus B19 during pasteurization of human serum albumin Life threatening human parvovirus B19 infection transmitted by intravenous immune globulin High-titer screening PCR: a successful strategy for reducing the parvovirus B19 load in plasma pools for fractionation Prion disease Guidance for Industry: revised preventative measures to reduce the possible risk of transmission of Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease (CJD) and variant Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease (vCJD) by blood and blood products Variant Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease surveillance in the UK: Twelfth Annual Report Incubation period of Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease in human growth hormone recipients in France Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease associated with cadaveric dura mater grafts: Japan Similar levels of infectivity in the blood of mice infected with human-derived vCJD and GSS strains of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) investigational look-back study Surgical treatment and risk of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease: a case-control study Risk factors for Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease: a reanalysis of case-control studies Surveillance for Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease among persons with hemophilia Retrospective neuropathological review of prion disease in UK haemophilic patients A new variant of Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease in the UK New variant Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease: Neurological features and diagnostic tests Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease death, United States The same prion strain causes vCJD and BSE Natural and experimental oral infection of nonhuman primates by bovine spongiform encephalopathy agents Transmission of BSE by blood transfusion in sheep Transmission of prion diseases by blood transfusion Possible transmission of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease by blood transfusion Preclinical vCJD after blood transfusion in a PRNP codon 129 heterozygous patient Human prion protein with valine 129 prevents expression of variant CJD phenotype Bovine spongiform encephalopathy in the United States: an epidemiologist's view UK National Blood Service notifies 110 donors of vCJD risk, implements new blood component safeguards Estimating blood donor loss due to the variant CJD travel deferral Predictive ability of sequential surveys in determining donor loss from increasingly stringent variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease deferral policies Consensus conference on vCJD screening of blood donors: report of the panel Effectiveness of leucoreduction for removal of infectivity of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies from blood Visceral infection caused by Leishmania tropica in veterans of Operation Desert Storm Occurrence of Leishmania infantum parasitemia in asymptomatic blood donors living in an area of endemicity in Southern France Viscerotropic leishmaniasis in persons returning from Operation Desert Storm 1990-1991 Short report: occurrence of Leishmania donovani DNA in donated blood from seroreactive Brazilian blood donors The first probable case of platelet transfusiontransmitted visceral leishmaniasis Leishmania donovani transmission by packed RBC transfusion to anemic dogs in the United States Survivability and infectivity of viscerotropic Leishmania tropica from Operation Desert Storm participants in human blood products maintained under blood bank conditions Deferral for risk of leishmaniasis exposure The use of leukodepletion filters at collection to reduce the risk of transfusion transmission of Leishmania donovani infantum and Leishmania major Pulmonary toxoplasmosis after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation: case report and review Acquired toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis after platelet transfusions Toxoplasmosis after renal transplantation: implications of a missed diagnosis Travel-associated dengue infections: United States Dengue in travelers The dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever epidemic in Puerto Rico, 1994-1995 Nosocomial acquisition of dengue Nosocomial dengue by mucocutaneous transmission Nosocomial dengue by mucocutaneous transmission Frequent simian foamy virus infection in persons occupationally exposed to nonhuman primates Naturally acquired simian retrovirus infections in central African hunters Primate-to-human retroviral transmission in Asia Simian foamy virus infection in a blood donor CDC: Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection in organ transplant recipients The World Health Organization Global Influenza Program Surveillance Network. Although a correlation exists between the percentage of immigrants from endemic areas and the percentage of blood donors with serologic evidence of T. cruzi infection, investigators have also identified seropositive blood donors who were born in the United States. keywords: b19; blood; cases; cjd; cruzi; days; disease; donors; human; infection; malaria; parvovirus; patients; plasma; recipients; risk; states; testing; transfusion; transmission; united; united states; vcjd; virus; years cache: cord-022035-annn4qn1.txt plain text: cord-022035-annn4qn1.txt item: #30 of 116 id: cord-022066-8aj480hz author: MacPherson, Douglas W. title: Health Screening in Immigrants, Refugees, and International Adoptees date: 2016-09-23 words: 3517 flesch: 29 summary: As such, and depending on their status, health screening may be a required or recommended component of their migratory process. Health screening of immigrants and refugees can be done as part of primary care assessment in which routine immunizations should be documented and brought up-to-date if necessary; maternal-child health issues can be addressed; and specific health assessments for other defined populations (e.g., children, adolescents, women, and the elderly) can be performed. keywords: conditions; health; immigration; migrants; populations; screening; states; united cache: cord-022066-8aj480hz.txt plain text: cord-022066-8aj480hz.txt item: #31 of 116 id: cord-022351-qfhmwqgg author: Edgell, David L. title: Political and foreign policy implications of tourism date: 2009-11-16 words: 12156 flesch: 39 summary: In addition to tourism industry organizations endorsing tourism's awareness-creating abilities, world leaders throughout modern history have also realized the benefits of tourism. In another means of affecting tourism at state and local levels, the STPC and its MOU could be a model for state tourism organizations to follow when trying to coordinate the efforts of various agencies in the state. keywords: countries; development; economic; federal; industry; international; issues; members; nations; new; organizations; peace; policy; program; recreation; security; states; stpc; sts; tourism; tourism industry; travel; united; united states; world cache: cord-022351-qfhmwqgg.txt plain text: cord-022351-qfhmwqgg.txt item: #32 of 116 id: cord-022380-49oti4zg author: Panlilio, Adelisa L title: Occupational Infectious Diseases date: 2009-05-15 words: 15593 flesch: 39 summary: To the extent that unsafe practices have been defined, and practice policies modified to reduce infection risk, continued transmission often represents failure to follow accepted standards. Recognition of the types of infection risk associated with specific occupations can, in most cases, lead to effective, often simple steps for primary prevention, as well as opportunities for early diagnosis and treatment. keywords: adults; blood; children; contact; control; days; disease; exposure; hcv; healthcare; hepatitis; hiv; immunization; infection; influenza; patients; personnel; persons; risk; transmission; treatment; vaccine; virus; workers cache: cord-022380-49oti4zg.txt plain text: cord-022380-49oti4zg.txt item: #33 of 116 id: cord-022581-awivedxp author: Diaz, James H. title: Ticks, Including Tick Paralysis date: 2014-10-31 words: 10471 flesch: 36 summary: Cluster of tick paralysis cases-Colorado Tick paralysis presenting in an urban environment A six-year-old girl with tick paralysis Tick paralysis: electrophysiologic studies A review of tick paralysis Tick paralysis: 33 human cases in Washington state A 60-year meta-analysis of tick paralysis in the United States: a predictable, preventable, and often misdiagnosed poisoning Clinical and neurophysiological features of tick paralysis Prophylaxis with single dose doxycycline for the prevention of Lyme disease after an Ixodes scapularis tick bite [60] Although 43 species of ticks have been implicated in tick paralysis cases worldwide, most cases occur in the United States and Canadian Pacific Northwest (Washington State and British Columbia) and in Australia. keywords: babesiosis; blood; cases; days; diseases; feeding; fever; humans; infections; lyme; new; paralysis; patients; species; states; tick; tick paralysis; tularemia; united; vectors cache: cord-022581-awivedxp.txt plain text: cord-022581-awivedxp.txt item: #34 of 116 id: cord-022734-xpyldrw7 author: Zelicoff, Alan P. title: Laboratory biosecurity in the United States: Evolution and regulation date: 2016-02-19 words: 9008 flesch: 33 summary: key: cord-022734-xpyldrw7 authors: Zelicoff, Alan P. title: Laboratory biosecurity in the United States: Evolution and regulation date: 2016-02-19 journal: Ensuring National Biosecurity DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-801885-9.00001-9 sha: doc_id: 22734 cord_uid: xpyldrw7 In light of terrorist events in the United States and in recognition of the potential for diversion of highly pathogenic organisms for illicit purposes, the US Congress has in the past 15 years enacted a series of laws designed to enhance laboratory biosecurity. 'Laboratory biosecurity' refers to institutional and personal security measures designed to prevent the loss, theft, misuse, diversion or intentional release of pathogens and toxins keywords: act; agents; bill; biological; biosecurity; cdc; congress; health; laboratory; law; laws; public; regulations; research; risk; rule; toxins cache: cord-022734-xpyldrw7.txt plain text: cord-022734-xpyldrw7.txt item: #35 of 116 id: cord-023367-ujflw19b author: Newcomer, Benjamin W. title: Diseases of the hematologic, immunologic, and lymphatic systems (multisystem diseases) [Image: see text] date: 2020-04-17 words: 33192 flesch: 48 summary: No treatment is available for border disease infection. Because blood gas analysis and exclusion of other diseases often are impractical, the term floppy kid syndrome frequently is used by owners to refer to any kid that is weak and does not have an overt, organ-specific sign (e.g., diarrhea). keywords: acute; anemia; animals; bacteria; blood; cases; cause; cells; chronic; clinical; clostridium; colostrum; death; deer; diagnosis; diarrhea; disease; edema; fever; flock; fluids; goats; hours; infection; kids; lambs; lesions; liver; milk; months; neonates; organism; perfringens; prevention; ruminants; serum; sheep; signs; skin; species; tissue; toxin; treatment; type; virus cache: cord-023367-ujflw19b.txt plain text: cord-023367-ujflw19b.txt item: #36 of 116 id: cord-023529-zrnczve3 author: Craighead, Geoff title: Security and Fire Life Safety Threats date: 2013-02-15 words: 31517 flesch: 54 summary: An undetermined number of people died entrapped in building elevators rr (there were 99 elevators in each tower). Items not properly secured may fall; desks and furniture may slide; filing cabinets and bookcases may topple; ceiling tiles may be dislodged; windows may crack or shatter; sprinkler heads may shear off and result in water discharge; seismic devices may cause building elevators to go to the nearest floor in the direction of travel, stop, automatically open elevator car doors, and then cease operation; automatic fire detection and reporting equipment may produce multiple false alarms; electrical power may be disrupted; lights may go off; the telephone system may be damaged or, shortly after the shaking has stopped, be deluged with calls. keywords: areas; attacks; bomb; building; cause; center; codes; collapse; damage; design; earthquake; elevator; emergency; evacuation; events; explosion; fire; fire protection; floor; following; heat; high; hotel; impact; incident; information; life; national; new; nist; occupants; people; person; property; public; report; result; rise; rise building; safety; security; september; smoke; spread; standards; system; time; towers; trade; use; violence; world; wtc; york cache: cord-023529-zrnczve3.txt plain text: cord-023529-zrnczve3.txt item: #37 of 116 id: cord-023713-daz2vokz author: Devereux, Graham title: Epidemiology of Asthma and Allergic Airway Diseases date: 2013-09-06 words: 27946 flesch: 44 summary: Asthma prevalence of less than 4% was found in Iceland, parts of Spain, Germany, Italy, Algeria, and India. The results for asthma prevalence are given in Figure 48 -9. keywords: adults; age; airway; allergy; association; asthma; asthma prevalence; atopic; birth; childhood asthma; children; cohort; disease; exposure; food; function; health; incidence; levels; life; lung; pollution; population; prevalence; risk; studies; study; symptoms; use; wheeze; wheezing; years cache: cord-023713-daz2vokz.txt plain text: cord-023713-daz2vokz.txt item: #38 of 116 id: cord-023767-rcv4pl0d author: O’Ryan, Miguel L. title: Microorganisms Responsible for Neonatal Diarrhea date: 2009-05-19 words: 45719 flesch: 29 summary: Several studies have suggested that EAEC is also a common cause of infant diarrhea in industrialized c~u n t Rotavirus particles have not been found in human milk or c o l o~t r u m .~~~~~~~~ Exposure of a newborn to rotavirus can result in asymptomatic infection or cause mild or severe gastro-Outbreaks with high attack rates as measured by rotavirus excretion have been described but the extent of symptomatic infection Severe rotavirus infection is seldom reported during the newborn period1203 but the extent of underreporting of severe disease, especially in the less developed areas of the world, has not been evaluated. keywords: acute; antimicrobial; asymptomatic; c. jejuni; campylobacter; campylobacter coli; campylobacter enteritis; campylobacter infection; campylobacter jejuni; care; cases; cause; children; cholera; clinical; coli; cultures; days; detection; diarrhea; disease; e l; e n; e r; e ~; e. coli; enteric; epec; epidemic; escherichia coli; fecal; fetus; fever; gastroenteritis; hospital; human; illness; incidence; infants; infected; infection; jejuni; life; meningitis; milk; n t; neonatal; neonatal diarrhea; neonates; newborn; nursery; oral; organisms; outbreak; patients; risk; rotavirus diarrhea; rotavirus infection; salmonella; salmonella gastroenteritis; salmonella infection; shigella; shigellosis; specific; stool; strains; studies; study; t e; therapy; toxin; transmission; treatment; virulence cache: cord-023767-rcv4pl0d.txt plain text: cord-023767-rcv4pl0d.txt item: #39 of 116 id: cord-023792-lrgj8gxd author: RENDA, Andrea title: Towards Stronger EU Governance of Health Threats after the COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-04-09 words: 4195 flesch: 44 summary: A peculiarity of COVID-19 is that it is not only affecting countries with structural deficiencies in their healthcare systems, but also countries that normally have wellfunctioning and well-funded healthcare systems, including EU Member States such as France, Italy and Spain. 28 Significant gaps remain on the implementation of the EU Decision on Serious Cross-border Threats to Health, 29 and the EU framework remains highly limited by the need to respect the competences of EU Member States. keywords: european; global; health; healthcare; level; member; pandemic; preparedness; states cache: cord-023792-lrgj8gxd.txt plain text: cord-023792-lrgj8gxd.txt item: #40 of 116 id: cord-024936-ncia0h9m author: Luker, Gary D. title: Transitioning to a New Normal after COVID-19: Preparing to Get Back on Track for Cancer Imaging date: 2020-04-15 words: 2950 flesch: 46 summary: As the outbreak of COVID-19 emerged in the United States, there were two main priorities that clinics had with regard to decision-making on cancer imaging appointments: keeping people healthy and preserving personal protective equipment resources. How will institutions manage a surge in cancer imaging patients after the shutdown ends?' keywords: appointments; cancer; covid-19; imaging; institutions; patients; research cache: cord-024936-ncia0h9m.txt plain text: cord-024936-ncia0h9m.txt item: #41 of 116 id: cord-024981-yfuuirnw author: Severin, Paul N. title: Types of Disasters date: 2020-05-14 words: 29279 flesch: 45 summary: There appears to be a similar aging process as seen with other nerve agents. However, other nerve agent incidents, such as the 1995 Tokyo subway attack (sarin), the chemical attacks in Syria (chlorine, sarin, mustard), and the attempted assassination of Sergei Skripal in Salisbury, UK (Novichok), support that civilian threats also exist. keywords: agents; air; anthrax; blast; care; chemical; children; community; days; decontamination; department; disaster; disease; dose; education; emergency; event; exposure; fever; health; high; homeland; incidents; injuries; injury; management; mass; medical; national; nerve; patients; pediatric; people; plague; planning; preparedness; radiation; response; risk; school; security; shooter; shooting; states; students; system; terrorism; treatment; united; use; vaccine; victims cache: cord-024981-yfuuirnw.txt plain text: cord-024981-yfuuirnw.txt item: #42 of 116 id: cord-025767-scbteel5 author: Richards, Timothy J. title: COVID‐19 impact on fruit and vegetable markets date: 2020-05-18 words: 4025 flesch: 48 summary: First, the consumption of stockpiled items could begin to occur at the same time that harvest seasons begin for many Canadian-produced fruits and vegetables, and this would place downward pressure on prices of fresh produce markets. There are other effects that are more likely to persist or that reflect long-term developments in fresh produce supply chains. keywords: canada; consumers; food; fruits; online; produce; retail; vegetables; workers cache: cord-025767-scbteel5.txt plain text: cord-025767-scbteel5.txt item: #43 of 116 id: cord-027679-89yt6fzo author: McLoud, Theresa C. title: Pulmonary Infections in the Normal Host date: 2020-06-22 words: 10841 flesch: 38 summary: The wide variety of fungi that may produce lung disease can be divided into two groups. However, MAC lung disease may develop in older women who are considered immunologically competent and who do not have a background of thickening and multiple, calcified nodular and irregular opacities can be seen in the left upper lobe (arrows). keywords: areas; common; consolidation; disease; features; fig; infection; lobes; lung; multiple; nodules; organisms; patients; pneumonia; pulmonary; radiographic; tuberculosis cache: cord-027679-89yt6fzo.txt plain text: cord-027679-89yt6fzo.txt item: #44 of 116 id: cord-027860-s97hdhh6 author: Zeimet, Anthony title: Infectious Diseases date: 2020-06-22 words: 28951 flesch: 42 summary: Management of such patients should be coordinated with an infectious diseases specialist, who also should manage drug-resistant TB treatment. Single positive blood culture for Coxiella burnetii or anti-phase 1 IgG antibody titer >1:800 Echocardiogram positive for IE (TEE recommended for patients with prosthetic valves, rated at least possible IE by clinical criteria, or complicated IE [paravalvular abscess]; TTE as first test in other patients) defined as follows: oscillating intracardiac mass on valve or supporting structures, in the path of regurgitant jets, or on implanted material in the absence of an alternative anatomic explanation; or abscess; or new partial dehiscence of prosthetic valve; new valvular regurgitation (worsening or changing or preexisting murmur not sufficient) Predisposition, predisposing heart condition, or IDU Fever, temperature >38° C Vascular phenomena, major arterial emboli, septic pulmonary infarcts, mycotic aneurysm, intracranial hemorrhage, conjunctival hemorrhages, and Janeway's lesions Immunologic phenomena: glomerulonephritis, Osler's nodes, Roth's spots, and rheumatoid factor Microbiologic evidence: positive blood culture but does not meet a major criterion as noted above * or serological evidence of active infection with organism consistent with IE Echocardiographic minor criteria eliminated Echocardiography should be performed in all patients with suspected infective endocarditis (Baddour et al., 2005) keywords: acute; adults; antibiotics; bacterial; bite; blood; cause; children; chronic; culture; daily; days; diagnosis; diarrhea; discharge; disease; endocarditis; fever; gram; hepatitis; infection; influenza; lesions; months; negative; pain; patients; present; risk; skin; sor; symptoms; testing; therapy; treatment; use; vaccine; virus; weeks; women; wounds cache: cord-027860-s97hdhh6.txt plain text: cord-027860-s97hdhh6.txt item: #45 of 116 id: cord-028713-ets0j847 author: Trippel, Elia title: How green is green enough? The changing landscape of financing a sustainable European economy date: 2020-07-07 words: 6249 flesch: 39 summary: This number does not include secondary effects that may lead to premature death, including the general decline in the life expectancy of low-income populations that results from economic recessions, which may follow these events b The RCP 8.5 scenario projects the impact of unmitigated climate change, i.e. the progression of climate change in the absence of climate change policies. Establishing an EU classification system for sustainable economic activities 27 was at the heart of this action plan and announced as the first action, to form the basis of many others. keywords: change; climate; commission; european; green; investment; policy; proposal; sustainability; taxonomy cache: cord-028713-ets0j847.txt plain text: cord-028713-ets0j847.txt item: #46 of 116 id: cord-029172-fctcfoak author: Romano, John L. title: Politics of Prevention: Reflections From the COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-07-13 words: 8403 flesch: 34 summary: This discussion is followed by the influence of political considerations on prevention interventions, whether smaller scale interventions or major global interventions recommended to contain COVID-19. They are presented as examples of theories with long histories studying prevention interventions and relevant within a COVID-19 prevention context. keywords: community; covid-19; example; health; interventions; pandemic; prevention; psychology; public; recommendations; research; school; science; states; united; virus cache: cord-029172-fctcfoak.txt plain text: cord-029172-fctcfoak.txt item: #47 of 116 id: cord-032716-i6hfj8ca author: Hufbauer, Gary Clyde title: What's new in economic sanctions? date: 2020-09-25 words: 7986 flesch: 52 summary: When Trump revoked US participation in the Iranian nuclear agreement and imposed secondary sanctions against firms doing business with Iran (mainly energy deals), third countries became subject to US sanctions. Finally, a group of 58 NGOs impelled US sanctions against senior Burmese military leaders responsible for severe violations of human rights during episodes of killing Rohingya people. keywords: china; chinese; countries; european; firms; iran; korea; measures; military; policy; russia; sanctions; states; targets; tariffs; trade; trump; united cache: cord-032716-i6hfj8ca.txt plain text: cord-032716-i6hfj8ca.txt item: #48 of 116 id: cord-033687-djkljey2 author: Druckman, James N. title: How Affective Polarization Shapes Americans’ Political Beliefs: A Study of Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-08-24 words: 4563 flesch: 38 summary: We argue that those who exhibit high levels of affective polarization politicize ostensibly apolitical issues and actors. An experiment focused on responses to COVID-19 that relies on pre-pandemic, exogenous measures of affective polarization supports our expectations. keywords: covid-19; pandemic; polarization; response; states; trump; united cache: cord-033687-djkljey2.txt plain text: cord-033687-djkljey2.txt item: #49 of 116 id: cord-034575-kio60itg author: Lafleur, Jean-Michel title: Do EU Member States Care About their Diasporas’ Access to Social Protection? A Comparison of Consular and Diaspora Policies across EU27 date: 2020-10-31 words: 11287 flesch: 29 summary: First, because of the different historical, political, and socio-economic contexts in which emigration from EU countries has taken place, this phenomenon is not equally salient across all Member States. In the case of EU countries, significant attention has also been paid to consular functions exercised by any EU Member State for EU citizens living in third countries in which their state of nationality is not represented. keywords: consular; countries; country; diaspora; institutions; member; nationals; non; policies; protection; social; states; welfare cache: cord-034575-kio60itg.txt plain text: cord-034575-kio60itg.txt item: #50 of 116 id: cord-177001-ron8oqrn author: Afshordi, Niayesh title: Diverse local epidemics reveal the distinct effects of population density, demographics, climate, depletion of susceptibles, and intervention in the first wave of COVID-19 in the United States date: 2020-07-01 words: 9985 flesch: 37 summary: key: cord-177001-ron8oqrn authors: Afshordi, Niayesh; Holder, Benjamin; Bahrami, Mohammad; Lichtblau, Daniel title: Diverse local epidemics reveal the distinct effects of population density, demographics, climate, depletion of susceptibles, and intervention in the first wave of COVID-19 in the United States date: 2020-07-01 journal: nan DOI: nan sha: doc_id: 177001 cord_uid: ron8oqrn The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has caused significant mortality and morbidity worldwide, sparing almost no community. We consider the entire set of local epidemics in the United States; a broad selection of demographic, population density, and climate factors; and local mobility data, tracking social distancing interventions, to determine the key factors driving the spread and containment of the virus. keywords: counties; covid-19; density; epidemic; et al; figure; growth; infection; mobility; model; mortality; population; population density; rate; time cache: cord-177001-ron8oqrn.txt plain text: cord-177001-ron8oqrn.txt item: #51 of 116 id: cord-209730-nzcch4ji author: Cai, Hengjin title: On Digital Currency and the Transfer of World Wealth and Technology Centers date: 2020-08-13 words: 5147 flesch: 52 summary: At present, we can see such new currencies in, for example, the United States, where you can use food coupons to buy food or groceries, but you cannot use them to invest or buy luxuries. The third way is to overdraw the future using future wealth to fill the present gap. keywords: china; currency; future; people; self; technology; united; wealth cache: cord-209730-nzcch4ji.txt plain text: cord-209730-nzcch4ji.txt item: #52 of 116 id: cord-253161-oz1eziy1 author: Munyikwa, Michelle title: MY COVID‐19 DIARY date: 2020-06-04 words: 5026 flesch: 62 summary: The hospital is a ghost town, with elective surgeries cancelled and other patients avoiding care for fear of contracting the virus. Other patients, COVID-positive and acting as caregivers for family members who were now at risk, needed help with food, making money, surviving. keywords: covid-19; crisis; day; epidemic; hospital; pandemic; patients; philadelphia; response; states; work cache: cord-253161-oz1eziy1.txt plain text: cord-253161-oz1eziy1.txt item: #53 of 116 id: cord-254978-m8i3q9ww author: Christian, Michael D. title: Definitive Care for the Critically Ill During a Disaster: Current Capabilities and Limitations From a Task Force for Mass Critical Care Summit Meeting, January 26–27, 2007, Chicago, IL date: 2008-05-31 words: 4554 flesch: 38 summary: The deficiency in critical care surge capacity is exacerbated by lack of a sufficient framework to integrate critical care within the overall institutional response and coordination of critical care across local institutions and broader geographic areas. A number of efforts are underway to meet this need, but detailed guidance regarding how to provide critical care for large volumes of patients remains underdeveloped. keywords: care; casualty; disaster; health; mass; patients; response; states; surge; united; ventilators cache: cord-254978-m8i3q9ww.txt plain text: cord-254978-m8i3q9ww.txt item: #54 of 116 id: cord-255477-okbxllit author: Grabau, John C. title: Investigation of sudden death from Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a foreign-born worker at a resort hotel() date: 2004-09-25 words: 2838 flesch: 53 summary: Other TB patients are identified but still die from the disease alone or in conjunction with comorbid conditions. A TB-related sudden death, where TB disease was not suspected or detected until autopsy, led to a large contact investigation and prompted the New York State Department of Health to look into other TB deaths in an effort to identify patterns where TB disease may have gone undetected and to identify opportunities for intervention to prevent transmission of infection and subsequent development of disease. keywords: contacts; death; individuals; investigation; patient; resort cache: cord-255477-okbxllit.txt plain text: cord-255477-okbxllit.txt item: #55 of 116 id: cord-257751-n7w1psr4 author: Halperin, Daniel T. title: Coping With COVID-19: Learning From Past Pandemics to Avoid Pitfalls and Panic date: 2020-06-30 words: 6384 flesch: 50 summary: [47] [48] Because young people typically come in contact with many other children and adults, they are often efficient spreaders of respiratory pathogens. Most of those who do drive or go outdoors use masks (needlessly) even when far away from other people. keywords: cases; children; coronavirus; countries; covid-19; deaths; health; new; pandemic; people; risk; schools; states; transmission cache: cord-257751-n7w1psr4.txt plain text: cord-257751-n7w1psr4.txt item: #56 of 116 id: cord-262892-n38r8n70 author: Sheikh, Jamila title: Nutritional Care of the Child with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in the United States: A Historical and Contemporary Perspective date: 2015-05-08 words: 6642 flesch: 32 summary: The global pandemic of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has had grave consequences in the lives of affected infants, children, and adolescents, with more than 33% of infant and child mortality attributed to HIV infection in endemic locations [1] . In adults, opportunistic infections (OIs) are often secondary to the reactivation of pathogens acquired before HIV infection. keywords: cart; children; disease; fat; growth; hiv; infants; infection; nutrition; states; therapy; united; virus; weight cache: cord-262892-n38r8n70.txt plain text: cord-262892-n38r8n70.txt item: #57 of 116 id: cord-263261-xhem8l39 author: Tulchinsky, Theodore H. title: Bismarck and the Long Road to Universal Health Coverage date: 2018-03-30 words: 16280 flesch: 41 summary: Health care systems and financing are under pressure everywhere, not only to assure access to health for all citizens, but also to keep up with advancing medical technology, and contain the cost increase at sustainable levels. The foundations of public responsibility for health care systems go back to ancient Greece and Rome where city states employed municipal doctors to service the poor and slaves. keywords: access; care; cost; countries; coverage; development; government; health; health care; health insurance; health services; health systems; hospital; income; insurance; national; percent; population; public; services; social; states; systems; united; universal; world cache: cord-263261-xhem8l39.txt plain text: cord-263261-xhem8l39.txt item: #58 of 116 id: cord-263438-9ra94uda author: Snowden, Frank M. title: Emerging and reemerging diseases: a historical perspective date: 2008-09-19 words: 14396 flesch: 42 summary: key: cord-263438-9ra94uda authors: Snowden, Frank M. title: Emerging and reemerging diseases: a historical perspective date: 2008-09-19 journal: Immunol Rev DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-065x.2008.00677.x sha: doc_id: 263438 cord_uid: 9ra94uda Summary: Between mid‐century and 1992, there was a consensus that the battle against infectious diseases had been won, and the Surgeon General announced that it was time to close the book. The increasing virulence of dengue fever with dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome disproved the theory of the evolution toward commensalism, and the discovery of the microbial origins of peptic ulcer demonstrated the reach of infectious diseases. keywords: aids; care; century; dengue; diseases; epidemic; global; health; human; infections; major; malaria; national; new; people; poverty; public; response; sars; states; surveillance; threat; time; united; world cache: cord-263438-9ra94uda.txt plain text: cord-263438-9ra94uda.txt item: #59 of 116 id: cord-263667-5g51n27e author: Steele, James Harlan title: Veterinary public health: Past success, new opportunities date: 2008-09-15 words: 11261 flesch: 56 summary: The relation of animal diseases to human disease was observed in the ancient civilizations of Babylon, the Nile Valley, and China and noted by Leviticus in the Old Testament, and later by Hippocrates in Greece, and Virgil and Galen in Rome. The movement of animal diseases into the Americas is believed to have been in the support of the settlements founded by Columbus in Santo Domingo in 1493. keywords: animal; animal health; century; control; diseases; fever; food; health; human; medical; medicine; meyer; milk; new; program; public; rabies; states; tuberculosis; united; veterinarians; veterinary; war; world; years cache: cord-263667-5g51n27e.txt plain text: cord-263667-5g51n27e.txt item: #60 of 116 id: cord-265017-byyx2y47 author: Ryan, Jeffrey R. title: Seeds of Destruction date: 2016-03-25 words: 9272 flesch: 52 summary: Biological agents are no exception to this rule. As such, biowarfare (biological warfare) has a historical aspect to it that must be considered here because advances in the use of biological agents over the last century are one of the main reasons why bioterrorism exists today. keywords: agents; anthrax; biodefense; bioterrorism; bioweapons; disease; health; history; outbreak; people; potential; program; soviet; spores; states; united; use; virus; warfare; weapons cache: cord-265017-byyx2y47.txt plain text: cord-265017-byyx2y47.txt item: #61 of 116 id: cord-265300-jcpyrlw9 author: Lichtenstein, Bronwen title: From “Coffin Dodger” to “Boomer Remover”: Outbreaks of Ageism in Three Countries With Divergent Approaches to Coronavirus Control date: 2020-07-28 words: 3570 flesch: 58 summary: Posters to other forums debated the pros and cons of isolating older people, with herd immunity proponents offering the harshest views of older adults as a drain on society. This article compares responses to coronavirus control in Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States, 3 countries in which public ageism erupted over the social and economic costs of protecting older adults from Covid-19. keywords: adults; age; australia; covid-19; herd; immunity; kingdom; states; united cache: cord-265300-jcpyrlw9.txt plain text: cord-265300-jcpyrlw9.txt item: #62 of 116 id: cord-268331-m4hqxna2 author: Beck, Teresa L. title: Medical Care for Undocumented Immigrants: National and International Issues date: 2018-11-16 words: 4035 flesch: 41 summary: Final report to The Commonwealth Fund The impact of unauthorized immigrants on the budgets of state and local governments CMS issues proposed changes in conditions of participation requirements and payment provisions for rural health clinics and federally qualified health centers Health care for undocumented migrants: European approaches Providing primary health care to immigrants and refugees: the North Hamilton experience National immigration policy and access to health care: American College of Physicians -a position paper American Academy of Family Physicians: STRONG MEDICINE for America Nursing beyond borders: access to health care for documented and undocumented immigrants living in the US Health care for undocumented immigrants in Texas: past, present, and future Care of undocumented-uninsured immigrants in a large urban dialysis unit Diagnostic evaluation of newly arrived asymptomatic refugees with eosinophilia Better primary health care for refugees -catch up immunisation The message of 187: facing up to illegal immigration Do the right thing. The UI population is often of lower socioeconomic status, which adds to the difficulties accessing health care. keywords: access; care; health; immigrants; population; services; states; uis; undocumented; united cache: cord-268331-m4hqxna2.txt plain text: cord-268331-m4hqxna2.txt item: #63 of 116 id: cord-269958-nj0ub9in author: Woods, Eric Taylor title: COVID‐19, nationalism, and the politics of crisis: A scholarly exchange date: 2020-07-19 words: 10582 flesch: 45 summary: Greenfeld argues that ethnic nationalism is a key variable shaping the responses of many states to COVID-19 when compared with previous pandemics such as H1N1. In the monotheistic civilization alone, in which ethnic nationalism is indeed the most common type, there exist two other types of nationalism: individualistic nationalism (such as the original English one) and collectivistic-civic nationalism (such as the French). keywords: anti; china; chinese; conflict; covid-19; crisis; global; government; greenfeld; nationalism; new; pandemic; people; states; united; united states; virus; world cache: cord-269958-nj0ub9in.txt plain text: cord-269958-nj0ub9in.txt item: #64 of 116 id: cord-273099-zkk5d6gd author: Muzumdar, Jagannath M. title: Vaccine supply, demand, and policy: A primer date: 2016-01-01 words: 7504 flesch: 42 summary: Thus, the dearth of suppliers appears to have affected the stability of vaccine supply. Specifically, we sought to (1) highlight issues faced by vaccine manufacturers that make the vaccine industry a unique segment of the prescription drug industry, (2) provide an overview of the vaccine market with regards to vaccine supply and demand, and (3) provide an overview and critical evaluation of policy options proposed and implemented by various parties to address vaccine supply and demand problems. keywords: act; children; costs; demand; development; fda; health; immunization; market; policy; products; safety; states; supply; united; vaccination; vaccine cache: cord-273099-zkk5d6gd.txt plain text: cord-273099-zkk5d6gd.txt item: #65 of 116 id: cord-273789-sbppgkza author: Donohoe, Holly title: Lyme disease: Current issues, implications, and recommendations for tourism management date: 2014-08-20 words: 10269 flesch: 32 summary: Knowing that Lyme disease poses a real and growing threat to the tourism industry, the purpose of this paper is to first, review the scientific literature to identify Lyme disease risk factors and second, to critically assess the implications for tourism management. Modeling the SARS epidemic The relationships between habitat topology, critical scales of connectivity and tick abundance Ixodes ricinus in a heterogeneous landscape in northern Spain Potential for exposure to tick bites in recreational parks in a Lyme disease endemic area Integrated assessment of behavioural and environmental risk factors for Lyme disease infection on Block Island Environmental risk and prevention of Lyme disease Belief, attitude, intention, and behaviour: An introduction to theory and research Tick-borne diseases: an evaluation of a Lyme disease prevention education program for eight, nine, and ten year olds Prevalence of Lyme disease agents and several emerging pathogens in questing ticks from the German Baltic coast Prevention and prophylaxis of tick bites and tick-borne related diseases Present and future technologies for tick control Theory, Research, and Practice Environmental risk factors for Lyme disease identified with geographic information systems Lyme disease in New Jersey outdoor workers: a statewide survey of seroprevalence and tick exposure Norovirus gastroenteritis Knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours regarding Lyme disease prevention among Connecticut residents, 1999e2004. keywords: areas; behaviour; control; disease; et al; health; human; infection; knowledge; lyme; lyme disease; management; prevention; public; research; risk; states; tick; tourism; united; workers cache: cord-273789-sbppgkza.txt plain text: cord-273789-sbppgkza.txt item: #66 of 116 id: cord-274061-ynqxgyw6 author: Epstein, Jay S. title: Blood system changes since recognition of transfusion‐associated AIDS date: 2013-10-17 words: 6257 flesch: 34 summary: Improving Blood Safety and Supply in the U.S The efficiency of HIV p24 antigen screening of US blood donors: projections versus reality Risk of human immunodeficiency virus infection from blood donors who later developed the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome Risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission by blood transfusions before the implementation of HIV-1 antibody screening Guidelines for counseling persons with human T-lymphotropic virus Type I (HTLV-I) and Type II (HTLV-II) Jaundice occurring one to four months after transfusion of blood or plasma: report of seven cases A serologic follow-up of the 1942 epidemic of post-vaccination hepatitis in the United States Army A new antigen in leukemia sera Australia antigen and acute viral hepatitis Immunologic distinction between infectious and serum hepatitis Virus-like particles in serum of patients with Australia-antigen-associated hepatitis Infectious hepatitis: evidence for two distinctive clinical, epidemiological, and immunological types of infection Posttransfusion hepatitis after open-heart operations Serum hepatitis from transfusions of blood Posttransfusion hepatitis after exclusion of the commercial and hepatitis B antigen positive donor Hepatitis A: detection by immune electron microscopy of a virus-like antigen associated with acute illness Transfusion-associated hepatitis not due to viral hepatitis type A or B Posttransfusion non-A, non-B hepatitis: physiochemical properties of two distinct agents Inactivation of hepatitis B virus and non-A, non-B virus by chloroform Determining the size of non-A, non-B hepatitis virus by filtration The chronic sequelae of non-A, non-B hepatitis Serum alanine aminotransferase of donors in relation to the risk of non-A, non-B hepatitis in recipients: the transfusion-transmitted virus study The relationship of donor transaminase (ALT) to recipient hepatitis: impact on blood transfusion services Hepatitis C virus and eliminating post-transfusion hepatitis Hepatitis B virus antibody in blood donors and the occurrence of non-A, non-B hepatitis in transfusion recipients: an analysis of the Transfusion-Transmitted Virus Study Antibody to hepatitis B core antigen as a paradoxical marker for non-A, non-B hepatitis agents in donated blood Isolation of a cDNA clone derived from a blood-borne non-A, non-B viral hepatitis genome An assay for circulating antibodies to a major etiologic virus of non-A, non-B hepatitis Detection of antibody to hepatitis C virus in prospectively followed transfusion recipients with acute and chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis and update on West Nile virus infections in recipients of blood transfusions West Nile Virus Transmission Investigation Team. Transmission of West Nile virus through blood transfusion in the United States in 2002 As West Nile virus season heats up, blood safety testing lags behind West Nile virus among blood donors in the United States Screening the blood supply for West Nile virus RNA by nucleic acid amplification testing Triggers for switching from minipool testing by nucleic acid technology to individual-donation nucleic acid testing for West Nile virus: analysis of 2003 data to inform 2004 decision making Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies Estimation of epidemic size and incubation time based on age characteristics of vCJD in the United Kingdom Uncertainty due to model choice in variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease projections Guidance for industry: revised preventive measures to reduce the possible risk of transmission of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) and variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) by blood and blood products Transfusion transmission of human prion diseases Transfusion-associated Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis) in Mexico: implications for transfusion medicine in the United States Guidance for industry: use of serological tests to reduce the risk of transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in whole blood and blood components intended for transfusion Trypanosoma cruzi in Los Angeles and Miami blood donors: impact of evolving donor demographics on seroprevalence and implications for transfusion transmission Epidemiological and laboratory findings from 3 years of testing United States blood donors for Trypanosoma cruzi The United States Trypanosoma cruzi Infection Study: evidence for vector-borne transmission of the parasite that causes Chagas disease among United States blood donors Anthrax as a biological weapon: medical and public health management. keywords: aids; blood; disease; donors; fda; hepatitis; non; risk; safety; screening; testing; transfusion; transmission; united; virus cache: cord-274061-ynqxgyw6.txt plain text: cord-274061-ynqxgyw6.txt item: #67 of 116 id: cord-275033-y9z9l0ji author: Carter-Pokras, O. title: The Role of Epidemiology in Informing United States Childhood Immunization Policy and Practice date: 2020-10-14 words: 8536 flesch: 31 summary: [19] [20] The increased availability and recommendations for more childhood vaccines represent remarkable achievements of the maturing immunization system of the United States to prevent vaccine preventable diseases, but have contributed to growing concerns about vaccine safety acceptability. This led to recommendations for two doses of measles vaccines, one at 12-15 months and a second at 4 to 6 years of age. keywords: care; children; coverage; development; disease; evidence; health; immunization; measles; national; new; policy; public; states; united; vaccination; vaccine cache: cord-275033-y9z9l0ji.txt plain text: cord-275033-y9z9l0ji.txt item: #68 of 116 id: cord-276758-k2imddzr author: Siegel, Jane D. title: 2007 Guideline for Isolation Precautions: Preventing Transmission of Infectious Agents in Health Care Settings date: 2007-12-07 words: 46244 flesch: 27 summary: Infection transmission risks are present in all hospital settings. 480, 481 Opportunites exist to conduct research in home care related to infection transmission risks. keywords: acute; agents; air; aureus; blood; care facilities; care settings; care unit; care workers; contact; contact precautions; contamination; control practices; disease; environmental; epidemiology; equipment; exposure; facility; factors; gloves; hand; hcws; health care; home care; hospital; hygiene; infection control; infection transmission; infections; influenza; isolation; measures; methicillin; nursing; outbreak; pathogens; patient care; patient transmission; patients; person; person transmission; practices; precautions; prevention; procedures; protection; recommendations; risk; room; safety; sars; standard; staphylococcus; studies; study; surveillance; term care; transmission; tuberculosis; use; vancomycin; virus cache: cord-276758-k2imddzr.txt plain text: cord-276758-k2imddzr.txt item: #69 of 116 id: cord-276797-86hc3lbi author: Jamieson, Denise J. title: Emerging infectious disease outbreaks: Old lessons and new challenges for obstetrician-gynecologists date: 2006-06-30 words: 7274 flesch: 44 summary: The outbreak of West Nile virus infection in the New York City area in 1999 West Nile virus encephalitis in America West Nile virus West Nile virus: Where are we now? Possible West Nile virus transmission to an infant through breast-feeding: Michigan Intrauterine West Nile virus: ocular and systemic findings West Nile virus meningoencephalitis during pregnancy West Nile virus encephalitis during pregnancy West Nile virus infection: a pediatric perspective West Nile virus infection transmitted by blood transfusion Transmission of West Nile virus from an organ donor to four transplant recipients Interim guidelines for the evaluation of infants born to mothers infected with West Nile virus during pregnancy DEET: a review and update of safety and risk in the general population DEET-based insect repellents: safety implications for children and pregnant and lactating women Safety of the insect repellent N,N-diethyl-Mtoluamide (DEET) in pregnancy Index case of fatal inhalational anthrax due to bioterrorism in the United States Death due to bioterrorism-related inhalational anthrax: report of 2 patients Bioterrorism on the home front: a new challenge for American medicine Clinical presentation of inhalational anthrax following bioterrorism exposure: report of 2 surviving patients Anthrax as a biological weapon, 2002: updated recommendations for management Investigation of bioterrorism-related anthrax, United States, 2001: epidemiologic findings Update: Investigation of bioterrorism-related anthrax and adverse events from antimicrobial prophylaxis anthrax crisis in Washington DC: pharmacists' role in screening patients and selecting prophylaxis Anthrax as a biological weapon: medical and public health management: working group on civilian biodefense Update: Investigation of bioterrorism-related anthrax and interim guidelines for exposure management and antimicrobial therapy Anthrax during pregnancy: case reports and review Anthrax peritonitis Case records of the Pahlavi hospitals Updated recommendations for antimicrobial prophylaxis among asymptomatic pregnant women after exposure to Bacillus anthracis management of asymptomatic pregnant or lactating women exposed to anthrax Fluoroquinolone toxicity profiles: a review focusing on newer agents Teratogenic effect of drugs: a resource for clinicians TERIS Safety of the new quinolones in pregnancy Updated recommendations for antimicrobial prophylaxis among asymptomatic pregnant women after exposure to Bacillus anthracis Relationship between prepregnancy anthrax vaccination and pregnancy and birth outcomes among US Army women Status of US Department of Defense preliminary evaluation of the association of anthrax vaccination and congenital anomalies Epidemiologic clues to bioterrorism Ideally, SARS patients should be placed in private rooms, which maintain the negative pressure, and the number of healthcare workers who care for the patient and the number of visitors should be limited. keywords: anthrax; cases; disease; infection; nile; nile virus; patients; pregnancy; sars; syndrome; virus; west; west nile; women cache: cord-276797-86hc3lbi.txt plain text: cord-276797-86hc3lbi.txt item: #70 of 116 id: cord-287839-cslrz4yp author: Ehnert, Karen title: Border Health: Who's Guarding the Gate? date: 2009-01-28 words: 5349 flesch: 53 summary: Many imported dogs never are confined properly or inspected for infectious diseases, and many diseases may not be detected readily in imported dogs. Additionally, CBP has the authority to levy a fee on imported animals or products for commercial use, in accordance with the tariff codes. keywords: animal; disease; dogs; health; importation; puppies; puppy; rabies; risk; states; trade; united cache: cord-287839-cslrz4yp.txt plain text: cord-287839-cslrz4yp.txt item: #71 of 116 id: cord-291803-hsnz2qry author: Bhattacharjee, Barnali title: “The COVID-19 Pandemic and its Effect on Mental Health in USA – A Review with Some Coping Strategies” date: 2020-08-23 words: 4038 flesch: 49 summary: The fear of being infected or dying from the disease is one of the most significant causes of mental health disorders. All of the factors mentioned above contribute towards mental health disorders among people. keywords: covid-19; disorders; fear; health; healthcare; pandemic; people; states; united cache: cord-291803-hsnz2qry.txt plain text: cord-291803-hsnz2qry.txt item: #72 of 116 id: cord-292853-xihpfidg author: Ford, Julian D. title: Social, cultural, and other diversity issues in the traumatic stress field date: 2015-08-07 words: 18827 flesch: 28 summary: Such an approach is consistent with new theoretical views of refugee traumatic stress, which include the concepts of cultural bereavement, cultural trauma, family consequences of refugee trauma, community trauma, and social suffering (Weine, 2008) . Because not all psychologists have expertise in assessing traumatic stress risk and/or social psychological (Continued ) factors, the assessment should be conducted by psychologists who have this specific expertise. keywords: abuse; american; children; community; cross; disaster; disorder; exposure; family; girls; groups; health; people; persons; psychological; psychologists; ptsd; refugees; risk; services; stress; stressors; study; symptoms; torture; trauma; treatment; united; violence; women cache: cord-292853-xihpfidg.txt plain text: cord-292853-xihpfidg.txt item: #73 of 116 id: cord-293865-0yp9wd0j author: May, Thomas title: Isolation is not the answer date: 2004 words: 978 flesch: 35 summary: International scientific collaboration is the best defence against bioterror. Apart from the obvious barriers that restrictions on access to scientific information and tools place on research, restrictions on scientific training for foreign nationals will delay those countries from developing expertise crucial to identifying and containing disease outbreaks -key to any global strategy against bioterrorism. keywords: bioterror; disease; terrorists cache: cord-293865-0yp9wd0j.txt plain text: cord-293865-0yp9wd0j.txt item: #74 of 116 id: cord-294590-1niaplc2 author: Schrag, Stephanie J. title: SARS Surveillance during Emergency Public Health Response, United States, March–July 2003 date: 2004-02-17 words: 4722 flesch: 38 summary: The frequency of travel to China, Hong Kong, and Toronto among SARS case-patients is shown by date of illness onset in Figure 3 ; the periods during which these areas were considered SARS-affected for surveillance purposes are also shown. The United States was one of many countries reporting SARS cases to WHO, which established international case definitions and reporting standards. keywords: acute; case; cdc; cov; health; illness; patients; sars; states; surveillance cache: cord-294590-1niaplc2.txt plain text: cord-294590-1niaplc2.txt item: #75 of 116 id: cord-295339-nzc47itk author: Baker, Marissa G. title: Estimating the burden of United States workers exposed to infection or disease: A key factor in containing risk of COVID-19 infection date: 2020-04-28 words: 3322 flesch: 34 summary: While the majority of exposed workers are employed in healthcare sectors, other occupational sectors also have high proportions of exposed workers. While the majority of exposed workers are employed in healthcare sectors, other occupational sectors also have high proportions of exposed workers. keywords: disease; exposure; infection; occupations; states; workers; workplace cache: cord-295339-nzc47itk.txt plain text: cord-295339-nzc47itk.txt item: #76 of 116 id: cord-297125-la20vi9j author: Brower, Jennifer L. title: The Threat and Response to Infectious Diseases (Revised) date: 2016-08-01 words: 12338 flesch: 40 summary: Slides: generics to push statin revenues down by $7B. Cardiovascular Business Fidaxomicin versus vancomycin for Clostridium Difficile infection Industrial production of β-lactam antibiotics Evidence linking arctic amplification to extreme weather in mid-latitudes Genetic identification of a hantavirus associated with an outbreak of acute respiratory illness The ecology and evolutionary history of an emergent disease: hantavirus pulmonary syndrome Impacts of biodiversity on the emergence and transmission of infectious diseases Increased avian diversity is associated with lower incidence of human West Nile infection: observation of the dilution effect Avian diversity and West Nile virus: testing associations between biodiversity and infectious disease risk Mapping of poverty and likely zoonoses hotspots Healthy animals, healthy people: zoonosis risk from animal contact in pet shops, a systematic review of the literature Emerging infectious diseases of wildlife-threats to biodiversity Tuberculosis in humans and animals: are we a threat to each other? CDC (2015) H5 viruses in the United States Human food safety not likely threatened by costly Avian Flu Economic impact of Avian Influenza Infectious disease, endangerment, and extinction Effects of environmental change on emerging parasitic diseases Patterns of gastrointestinal bacterial exchange between chimpanzees and humans involved in research and tourism in western Uganda Promoting childhood immunizations Measles activity in Canada Working Group on Measles Elimination (2004) According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), emerging infectious diseases are those whose incidence in humans has increased in the past two decades or threatens to increase in the near future keywords: antibiotic; bacteria; cases; diseases; drug; global; health; human; infections; medical; mortality; new; pathogens; people; public; resistance; response; states; threat; treatment; united; united states; use; vaccine; virus; water; world cache: cord-297125-la20vi9j.txt plain text: cord-297125-la20vi9j.txt item: #77 of 116 id: cord-300371-6ja5o3sa author: Maloney, Susan A. title: Prevention of infectious diseases among international pediatric travelers: Considerations for clinicians date: 2004-11-24 words: 7147 flesch: 35 summary: It has been reported among students who traveled to the rain forest in Costa Rica and among other travelers. Information on the causes of serious morbidity and mortality among pediatric travelers is more limited. keywords: areas; cases; chemoprophylaxis; children; chloroquine; diarrhea; fever; health; malaria; percent; prevention; risk; travelers; united; vaccine cache: cord-300371-6ja5o3sa.txt plain text: cord-300371-6ja5o3sa.txt item: #78 of 116 id: cord-303447-3a7jxl34 author: Cohn, Amanda C. title: Immunizations in the United States: A Rite of Passage date: 2005-05-28 words: 7979 flesch: 36 summary: The cost of immunizing a child through 6 years of age in 2003 was $436 per child for all vaccines, not including influenza vaccine [12] . Influenza vaccines are developed yearly based on antigenic drifts. keywords: adolescents; children; disease; health; hepatitis; immunization; infants; influenza; pertussis; states; united; vaccination; vaccine; years cache: cord-303447-3a7jxl34.txt plain text: cord-303447-3a7jxl34.txt item: #79 of 116 id: cord-304056-2bo0s0hz author: Lezotre, Pierre-Louis title: Part I State of Play and Review of Major Cooperation Initiatives date: 2014-12-31 words: 64920 flesch: 36 summary: During these first 10 years, there was a growing interest in ICH products beyond ICH countries, and ICH recognized early that harmonization within the ICH regions would not suffice. ICH harmonization activities fall into four categories. keywords: activities; asean; collaboration; committee; common; cooperation; countries; country; development; dras; drug; ema; european; exchange; fda; global; group; guidelines; harmonization; health; ich; ich guidelines; ich steering; implementation; information; integration; international; medicines; member; member states; new; order; pharmaceutical; procedure; process; products; public; quality; recommendations; regions; regulations; requirements; safety; specific; standards; states; steering; support; system; use; working cache: cord-304056-2bo0s0hz.txt plain text: cord-304056-2bo0s0hz.txt item: #80 of 116 id: cord-307899-427a7i3h author: BITTLE, JAMES L. title: Vaccines Produced by Conventional Means to Control Major Infectious Diseases of Man and Animals date: 1989-12-31 words: 17484 flesch: 47 summary: This stems from concern over possible persistence and oncogenicity of vaccine viruses. A large number of different attenuated live-virus HC vaccines with different characteristics have been used over the years, but residual pathogenicity, shedding, and spread of vaccine viruses have remained problems. keywords: animals; antibodies; antibody; bacterium; bovine; canine; cattle; cause; cell; control; culture; disease; dogs; et al; formalin; humans; immunity; immunization; infection; live; man; protection; species; strain; swine; type; vaccine; virus; virus vaccines; viruses cache: cord-307899-427a7i3h.txt plain text: cord-307899-427a7i3h.txt item: #81 of 116 id: cord-308066-lrbi5198 author: Childs, James E. title: Pre-spillover Prevention of Emerging Zoonotic Diseases: What Are the Targets and What Are the Tools? date: 2007 words: 15706 flesch: 21 summary: In a matter of weeks, investigators confirmed the disease was clinically distinct from Eurasian disease (Moolenaar et al. 1995) , that the etiologic agent was a new Hantavirus , Sin Nombre virus (Nichol et al. 1993) , and the reservoir host (H R ; for definition of terminology see the chapter by Childs et al., this volume) was a species of New World rodent, Peromyscus maniculatus (Childs et al. 1994) . For example, the H R s for influenza A subtype H5NI are among wild waterfowl and shorebirds, and perhaps other avian types, although, domestic chickens and other poultry serve as both the first secondary host (H S1 ) or intermediate host (H I )(see the chapter by Childs et al., this volume, for description of terms) and can develop as a novel H R (see the chapter by Webby et al., this volume). keywords: animal; chapter; control; culling; data; disease; et al; h5n1; health; human; infection; influenza; new; outbreak; population; prevention; public; rabies; risk; sars; species; spread; states; surveillance; system; transmission; united; vaccine; virus; viruses; volume; wildlife; zoonotic cache: cord-308066-lrbi5198.txt plain text: cord-308066-lrbi5198.txt item: #82 of 116 id: cord-315184-py8lbg97 author: Stephany, Fabian title: Distancing Bonus Or Downscaling Loss? The Changing Livelihood of Us Online Workers in Times of COVID‐19 date: 2020-06-28 words: 5970 flesch: 46 summary: Given these very uneven geographies of online labour demand, it is fair to assume that global developments on online labour markets are often driven by buyers from the United States. The data shows online labour demand falling rapidly in early March 2020, but with an equally rapid recovery. keywords: data; demand; freelancers; labour; market; pandemic; platforms; states; united; work; workers cache: cord-315184-py8lbg97.txt plain text: cord-315184-py8lbg97.txt item: #83 of 116 id: cord-315726-ltjurdrq author: Acheson, D.W.K. title: Food and Waterborne Illnesses date: 2009-02-17 words: 10895 flesch: 45 summary: In the United States, until recently, we had very little data on the numbers and outcomes of foodborne infection. Utilizing FoodNet and other data, the CDC provides our current best estimate of the true burden of foodborne infections in the United States. keywords: campylobacter; cases; cause; coli; days; diarrhea; disease; exposure; food; foodborne; illness; infection; outbreaks; patients; salmonella; states; symptoms; toxin; united; water cache: cord-315726-ltjurdrq.txt plain text: cord-315726-ltjurdrq.txt item: #84 of 116 id: cord-318826-l922zqci author: Holschbach, Chelsea L. title: Salmonella in Dairy Cattle date: 2018-03-31 words: 11036 flesch: 35 summary: Salmonella infections are well-known for their association with clinical signs of enterocolitis, septicemia, and abortion in dairy cattle. Salmonella infection is most commonly transmitted by fecal-oral contamination from other livestock, rodents, birds, or by feeding contaminated protein source animal byproducts. keywords: animal; calves; cattle; control; culture; dairy; diagnostic; disease; dublin; enterica; infection; milk; resistance; risk; salmonella; salmonella dublin; salmonellosis; samples; states; united; use cache: cord-318826-l922zqci.txt plain text: cord-318826-l922zqci.txt item: #85 of 116 id: cord-318845-w7q5o8wc author: Pendell, Dustin L. title: Economic Assessment of FMDv Releases from the National Bio and Agro Defense Facility date: 2015-06-26 words: 8169 flesch: 45 summary: Unlike previous studies that focused on various alternate mitigation strategies, this study focuses on potential animal disease releases from NBAF. However, consequences of disease outbreaks are inherently dynamic in nature with benefits and costs accruing differently to producers and consumers across time, and this interplay has important policy implications [5] . keywords: animal; beef; costs; disease; fmd; impacts; losses; model; outbreak; quarter; release; states; study; u.s cache: cord-318845-w7q5o8wc.txt plain text: cord-318845-w7q5o8wc.txt item: #86 of 116 id: cord-319463-erdwejd2 author: Diaz, J. H. title: Global Climate Changes and International Trade and Travel: Effects on Human Health Outcomes date: 2011-12-31 words: 4969 flesch: 31 summary: There is, however, no universal agreement on how rapidly, regionally, or asymmetrically the earth will warm; or on the true impact of global warming on infectious disease outbreaks and natural disasters and their inevitable public health outcomes. The ultimate effects of climate changes and the increased distribution of pathogens by international trade and travel will not be limited to infectious disease outbreaks in immunologically naïve populations but will also impact world food production and quality, air quality, drinking water availability and quality, immigration, urban relocation, and civil unrest. keywords: airport; climate; disease; endemic; health; larvae; malaria; mosquito; new; states; trade; travel; united cache: cord-319463-erdwejd2.txt plain text: cord-319463-erdwejd2.txt item: #87 of 116 id: cord-321194-xi4zy5ow author: Allam, Zaheer title: The Third 50 Days: A Detailed Chronological Timeline and Extensive Review of Literature Documenting the COVID-19 Pandemic From Day 100 to Day 150 date: 2020-07-24 words: 17937 flesch: 52 summary: For instance, as of 28th, the total number of reported cases in Africa (35,676) was far much less than the total number of deaths (59,266) reported in the United States on the same day. By April 28, it became official that the number of COVID-19 infection cases had exceeded the 3 million (the WHO reported 2.95 million cases and 202,597 deaths) people and caused the death of over 211,000 people globally. keywords: april; cases; china; coronavirus; countries; country; covid-19; day; days; deaths; disease; health; italy; lockdown; measures; new; number; pandemic; people; president; region; report; situation; states; total; trump; united; world cache: cord-321194-xi4zy5ow.txt plain text: cord-321194-xi4zy5ow.txt item: #88 of 116 id: cord-323311-xl2fv0qx author: Kahn, R. E. title: 6th International Conference on Emerging Zoonoses date: 2012-09-07 words: 19173 flesch: 32 summary: Such research begins with either in vitro studies of virus replication on cell lines or primary cell cultures, moving to nonhuman primate models of virus infection. Already, a good understanding of the 'timing' and extent of immune (innate)-mediated injury after virus infection has been achieved. keywords: analysis; animal; avian; bats; bse; cell; disease; emergence; et al; fever; food; h5n1; health; host; human; infection; influenza; influenza viruses; laboratory; new; pandemic; pathogens; pigs; potential; presentation; professor; public; research; response; risk; species; states; studies; study; swine; system; transmission; united; virus; viruses; zoonotic cache: cord-323311-xl2fv0qx.txt plain text: cord-323311-xl2fv0qx.txt item: #89 of 116 id: cord-323913-v32c2vda author: Istúriz, Raul E. title: Global Distribution of Infectious Diseases Requiring Intensive Care date: 2006-07-31 words: 7134 flesch: 41 summary: Prostration is common in severe disease and may progress to stupor and coma. The excess morbidity and mortality associated with influenza epidemics and the increased hospitalization costs are secondary to severe cases of the disease [28] . keywords: acute; areas; care; cases; disease; failure; fever; hepatitis; high; infection; liver; mortality; patients; rabies; sepsis; syndrome; treatment; virus cache: cord-323913-v32c2vda.txt plain text: cord-323913-v32c2vda.txt item: #90 of 116 id: cord-324185-zt88o3co author: Sovacool, Benjamin K. title: Contextualizing the Covid-19 pandemic for a carbon-constrained world: Insights for sustainability transitions, energy justice, and research methodology date: 2020-10-31 words: 7230 flesch: 35 summary: The energy crises revealed by COVID: intersections of indigeneity, inequity, and health Emergency measures to protect energy consumers during the Covid-19 pandemic: a global review and critical analysis Just transitions: histories and futures in a post-COVID world Culture and low-carbon energytransitions The cultural barriers to a low-carbon future: a review of six mobility and energy transitions across 28 countries The role of Lucha Libre in the construction of Mexican male identity Validity of energy social research during and after COVID-19: challenges, considerations, and responses Scientific research on the coronavirus is being released in a torrent Coronavirus comes home? It features articles that ask, and answer: What are the known and anticipated impacts of Covid-19 on energy demand and climate change? keywords: carbon; change; climate; covid-19; demand; disease; energy; evs; impacts; oil; pandemic; people; research; social; transitions; united; volume cache: cord-324185-zt88o3co.txt plain text: cord-324185-zt88o3co.txt item: #91 of 116 id: cord-325300-wawui0fd author: Tulchinsky, Theodore H. title: 4 Communicable Diseases date: 2000-12-31 words: 31283 flesch: 46 summary: EIS officers are assigned to state health departments, other public health units, and research centers as part of their training, carrying out epidemic investigation and special tasks in disease control. In disease control, individual immunity may also protect another individual. keywords: acute; animals; areas; blood; care; cases; cause; children; contact; control; countries; coverage; deaths; disease; disease control; epidemic; eradication; fever; food; health; hiv; immunization; infection; malaria; new; organism; persons; population; potential; prevention; program; public; risk; spread; states; transmission; treatment; united; vaccination; vaccine; vector; virus; water; world; year cache: cord-325300-wawui0fd.txt plain text: cord-325300-wawui0fd.txt item: #92 of 116 id: cord-326916-bakwk4tm author: Fauver, Joseph R. title: Coast-to-Coast Spread of SARS-CoV-2 during the Early Epidemic in the United States date: 2020-05-07 words: 5565 flesch: 43 summary: To delineate the roles of domestic and international virus spread in the emergence of new United States COVID-19 outbreaks, we sequenced SARS-CoV-2 viruses collected from cases identified in Connecticut. By March 18, the five countries comprised 78% of reported non-United States cases, whereas the five states comprised 48% of reported domestic cases outside of Connecticut and New York. keywords: cases; connecticut; cov-2; covid-19; data; international; new; number; sars; states; travel; united cache: cord-326916-bakwk4tm.txt plain text: cord-326916-bakwk4tm.txt item: #93 of 116 id: cord-326922-bajpr5a2 author: Watson, C. James title: Pharmaceutical Compounding: a History, Regulatory Overview, and Systematic Review of Compounding Errors date: 2020-11-02 words: 7103 flesch: 32 summary: Supplemental Outsourced compounding can be problematic Meningitis outbreak reveals gaps in US drug regulation Regulating compounding pharmacies after NECC How gaps in regulation of compounding pharmacy set the stage for a multistate fungal meningitis outbreak Fungal infections associated with contaminated methylprednisolone in Tennessee Fungal infections associated with contaminated methylprednisolone injections Human drug compounding. Despite Congress's attempt to strengthen oversight of compounding pharmacies, litigation challenging FDAMA tempered the FDA's authority to regulate compounders. keywords: administration; compounding; contamination; drug; errors; facilities; fda; food; medications; outbreak; outsourcing; patients; pharmacies; pharmacy; states; united cache: cord-326922-bajpr5a2.txt plain text: cord-326922-bajpr5a2.txt item: #94 of 116 id: cord-327748-8ob6okeh author: Feng, Tianjun title: Product Quality Risk Perceptions and Decisions: Contaminated Pet Food and Lead‐Painted Toys date: 2010-07-09 words: 9440 flesch: 50 summary: Policy considerations regarding product quality risks are discussed. Here, product quality risk refers to the risk of a product (e.g., health, financial, safety risk, etc.) caused to customers and generated by its inherent quality problems (e.g., in raw materials, ingredients, production, logistics, or packaging). keywords: children; dog; dog food; food; information; lead; mean; participants; perception; probability; products; recall; respondents; risk; toys cache: cord-327748-8ob6okeh.txt plain text: cord-327748-8ob6okeh.txt item: #95 of 116 id: cord-329283-s3ale8ko author: Grant, Aubrey title: Coronavirus, Refugees, and Government Policy: The State of U.S. Refugee Resettlement during the Coronavirus Pandemic date: 2020-08-09 words: 3208 flesch: 42 summary: The situation has been exacerbated by the temporary suspension of refugee resettlement across the globe. The coronavirus, and the Trump Administration's response, are likely to have long‐term negative impacts on refugee resettlement and asylum programs. keywords: asylum; coronavirus; health; pandemic; refugees; resettlement; states; united cache: cord-329283-s3ale8ko.txt plain text: cord-329283-s3ale8ko.txt item: #96 of 116 id: cord-329905-dwfwwdbn author: Staat, Dana D. title: International Adoption: Issues in Infectious Diseases date: 2012-01-06 words: 6329 flesch: 43 summary: The prevalence of infectious diseases varies from country to country and may or may not be common among adopted children. The transmission of tuberculosis, hepatitis B, and measles from adopted children to family members has been documented. keywords: children; china; countries; disease; health; hepatitis; infection; states; tuberculosis; united; vaccination cache: cord-329905-dwfwwdbn.txt plain text: cord-329905-dwfwwdbn.txt item: #97 of 116 id: cord-332610-t99l3zii author: Mayer, J.D. title: Emerging Diseases: Overview date: 2008-08-26 words: 9597 flesch: 50 summary: However, it is impossible to say when the terms 'emerging infection' or 'emerging infectious diseases' were first used to describe new infectious diseases, or diseases that meet the criteria that are described in this article. In discussions of emergence, both 'emerging infections' and 'emerging infectious diseases' are commonly found. keywords: aids; cases; diseases; fever; health; hiv; infections; influenza; new; outbreak; people; public; sars; spread; states; syndrome; united cache: cord-332610-t99l3zii.txt plain text: cord-332610-t99l3zii.txt item: #98 of 116 id: cord-332703-ohzkpbwy author: Hui, Jane Yuet Ching title: Cancer Management During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States: Results From a National Physician Cross-sectional Survey date: 2020-08-25 words: 3512 flesch: 41 summary: 17 Measures Survey items included demographics and measures of clinical practice size and location, personal concerns about COVID-19, effects of COVID-19 pandemic on cancer patient treatment, sources of information about COVID-19, and emotional health. Most physicians (N=285; 70.0% of surgeons, 64.4% of medical oncologists, and 73.4% of radiation oncologists) had altered cancer treatment plans. keywords: cancer; covid-19; oncologists; patients; physicians; plans; states; treatment cache: cord-332703-ohzkpbwy.txt plain text: cord-332703-ohzkpbwy.txt item: #99 of 116 id: cord-334925-csy5fekx author: COHEN, ALAN B. title: Living in a Covid‐19 World date: 2020-06-16 words: 2360 flesch: 40 summary: In COVID-19 and Underinvestment in the Public Health Infrastructure of the United States, the authors examine trends in public health funding, noting the chronic underfunding of state public health departments and reductions in federal funding of public health in favor of commitments to build hospital infrastructure and support biomedical research. In two complementary Milbank Quarterly Perspectives, Nason Maani and Sandro Galea explore the long-term negative effects of the United States' failure to invest in the nation's infrastructure to address both population health and public health. keywords: care; covid-19; health; milbank; quarterly; review; states; united cache: cord-334925-csy5fekx.txt plain text: cord-334925-csy5fekx.txt item: #100 of 116 id: cord-335065-fv122304 author: Cain, William E. title: American Dreaming: Really Reading The Great Gatsby date: 2020-09-02 words: 16180 flesch: 70 summary: (110) Nick warns Gatsby about the impossibility of this ultimatum, this imposition on Daisy. (Vol. 2, ch. 13; Spengler's italics) About the enthralling Daisy Buchanan, Gatsby says, Her voice is full of money, to which the narrator Nick Carraway responds, That was it. keywords: 1920s; american; daisy; dream; family; fitzgerald; gatsby; house; income; inequality; life; light; man; money; new; nick; novel; past; people; states; time; tom; united; war; way; wealth; world; year cache: cord-335065-fv122304.txt plain text: cord-335065-fv122304.txt item: #101 of 116 id: cord-336464-eslgz1ka author: Chomel, Bruno B. title: Wildlife, Exotic Pets, and Emerging Zoonoses date: 2007-01-17 words: 3477 flesch: 34 summary: More than 25 outbreaks of human infectious diseases associated with visitors to animal exhibits were identifi ed during 1990-2000 (33) . Exotic pets are also a source of several human infections that vary from severe monkeypox related to pet prairie dogs or lyssaviruses in pet bats to less severe but more common ringworm infections acquired from African pygmy hedgehogs or chinchillas. keywords: animals; cases; disease; emergence; human; infection; new; trade; virus; wildlife; zoonotic cache: cord-336464-eslgz1ka.txt plain text: cord-336464-eslgz1ka.txt item: #102 of 116 id: cord-337218-risqto89 author: Chu, Ellen W. title: Environmental Impact, Concept and Measurement of date: 2013-02-05 words: 16641 flesch: 44 summary: Understanding, measuring, and managing human environmental impacts – the most important of which is the impoverishment of living systems – is the 21st century's greatest challenge. These perspectives miss a crucial point: the reason pollution, energy use, extinction, and dozens of other human impacts are important is their larger impact on the biosphere. keywords: biotic; century; condition; earth; economic; ecosystems; effects; environmental; example; food; health; human; impoverishment; land; life; living; nations; nature; organisms; people; plants; resources; services; soil; species; states; systems; united; water; world; years cache: cord-337218-risqto89.txt plain text: cord-337218-risqto89.txt item: #103 of 116 id: cord-337632-2q6gm7n3 author: Pearman, Ann title: Mental Health Challenges of United States Healthcare Professionals During COVID-19 date: 2020-08-13 words: 4679 flesch: 45 summary: Personal control and aging: how beliefs and expectations matter Expect the best and prepare for the worst: anticipatory coping and preparations for Y2K A stitch in time: self-regulation and proactive coping Survey of stress reactions among health care workers involved with the SARS outbreak Self-efficacy: toward a unifying theory of behavioral change Social support provided by adolescents following a disaster and perceived social support, sense of community at school, and proactive coping Stress, coping, and resources in mothers of adults with developmental disabilities Characteristics of health care personnel with COVID-19 -United States Mental health care for medical staff in China during the COVID-19 outbreak A multinational, multicentre study on the psychological outcomes and associated physical symptoms amongst healthcare workers during COVID-19 outbreak Optimism, proactive coping and quality of life among nurses: a cross-sectional study The role of expectancy and proactive control in stress regulation: a neurocognitive framework for regulation expectation Burnout among US medical students, residents, and early career physicians relative to the general US population COVID-19: a new work-related disease threatening healthcare workers Covid-19: adverse mental health outcomes for healthcare workers General hospital staff worries, perceived sufficiency of information and associated psychological distress during the A/H1N1 influenza pandemic Managing mental health challenges faced by healthcare workers during covid-19 pandemic The relationship between coping, social support, functional disability and depression in the elderly Clinical utility of the 15-item geriatric depression scale (GDS-15) for use with young and middle-aged adults Stressors, appraisal of stressors, experienced stress and cardiac response: a real-time, real-life investigation of work stress in nurses The mental health of medical workers in Wuhan, China dealing with the 2019 novel coronavirus Burnout and doctors: prevalence, prevention and intervention The Adaptive Value of Feeling in Control during Midlife Sociodemographic variations in the sense of control by domain: findings from the MacArthur studies of midlife The sense of control as a moderator of social class differences in health and well-being Factors associated with mental health outcomes among health care workers exposed to coronavirus disease 2019 A New Synthesis: Stress and Emotion Stress and psychological distress among SARS survivors 1 year after the outbreak Online mental health services in China during the COVID-19 outbreak The immediate psychological and occupational impact of the 2003 SARS outbreak in a teaching hospital Long-term psychological and occupational effects of providing hospital healthcare during SARS outbreak Meaning in life promotes proactive coping via positive affect: a daily diary study Heterogeneity in 10-year course trajectories of moderate to severe major depressive disorder: a danish national register-based study Age differences in reactivity to daily stressors: the role of personal control Prevalence of depression, anxiety, and insomnia among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis The structure of coping Age differences in risk and resilience factors in COVID-19-related stress Thinking ahead and staying in the present: implications for reactivity to daily stressors COVID-19 and mental health: a review of the existing literature Anxiety disorders and risk for suicidal ideation and suicide attempts: a population-based longitudinal study of adults Understanding and addressing sources of anxiety among health care professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic Psychological distress, coping behaviors, and preferences for support among New York healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic COVID 19 a challenge for emergency medicine and every health care professional Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Decreasing the negative effects of work-related stress in unchanged working environments There have been several meta-analyses and reviews of the impact of this pandemic on HCPs internationally (Chew et al., 2020; Pappa et al., 2020; Rajkumar, 2020) , but no studies from the United States were available to be included in these studies. keywords: coping; covid-19; hcps; health; pandemic; stress cache: cord-337632-2q6gm7n3.txt plain text: cord-337632-2q6gm7n3.txt item: #104 of 116 id: cord-339372-f3onp9mg author: Owen, James A. title: Advancing the Adoption of Continuing Professional Development (CPD) in the United States date: 2020-08-31 words: 6757 flesch: 34 summary: Globally, the FIP Code of Ethics for Pharmacists, adopted in 1997, states pharmacists have a responsibility to ensure competency in each pharmaceutical service provided by continually updating knowledge and skills. Examples of these challenges detailed by FIP include [34] : Application of the CPD cycle as an approach to lifelong learning in individual practice Changing the focus of CPD to meaningful learning rather than collecting CE points Developing the skills and knowledge to adopt the CPD process under a voluntary system Establishing adequate assessment methods and measures for a portfolio-based system Pharmacy 2020, 8, 157 9 of 15 Raising the awareness and recognition from the public on the skills and knowledge that pharmacists continuously develop Ensuring the qualitative assessment of CPD portfolios Lack of technical 'know-how' for implementing a robust online system to support the CPD process Ensuring pharmacists engage with the CPD cycle that includes reflection on their practice Minimizing cost constraints for pharmacists to undertake formal CPD programs Making the recording or documentation of learning less onerous Identifying those pharmacists who require additional mentoring or guidance to steer away from the hour or point collecting mentality Ensuring relevant support for pharmacists in non-traditional roles This report collectively demonstrated that pharmacists engaged in CPD had improved the quality of their learning, which leads to improved self-assessment of learning needs and enhancements in overall pharmacy practice. keywords: care; cpd; cpe; development; pharmacists; pharmacy; practice; professional; states; united cache: cord-339372-f3onp9mg.txt plain text: cord-339372-f3onp9mg.txt item: #105 of 116 id: cord-340195-425rd7ul author: Smith, Kristine M. title: Zoonotic Viruses Associated with Illegally Imported Wildlife Products date: 2012-01-10 words: 4434 flesch: 44 summary: The scale of illegal meat importation from Africa to Europe via Paris The problems and promise of DNA barcodes for species diagnosis of primate biomaterials Identification of mosquito blood meals using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I and cytochrome b gene sequences Ancient co-speciation of simian foamy viruses and primates Universal primer cocktails for fish DNA barcoding DNA primers for amplification of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I from diverse metazoan invertebrates Naturally acquired simian retrovirus infections in Central African hunters Molecular detection of anthrax spores on animal fibres Detection and analysis of diverse herpesviral species by consensus primer PCR Rapid molecular strategy for filovirus detection and characterization Sensitive and broadly reactive reverse transcription-PCR assays to detect novel paramyxoviruses Identification of a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-like virus in a leaf-nosed bat in Nigeria Identification of a Kunjin/West Nile-like flavivirus in brains of patients with New York encephalitis Detection of orthopoxvirus DNA by realtime PCR and identification of variola virus DNA by melting analysis All simian DNA samples from USFWS were also screened for larger SFV pol sequences (465-bp) as done at the CDC but were found in only one baboon sample (CII-163). keywords: bushmeat; health; nhp; products; samples; sequences; sfv; species; specimens; study; united; virus; wildlife cache: cord-340195-425rd7ul.txt plain text: cord-340195-425rd7ul.txt item: #106 of 116 id: cord-343021-gqem6bxj author: Allam, Zaheer title: Oil, Health Equipment, and Trade: Revisiting Political Economy and International Relations During the COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-07-24 words: 6026 flesch: 42 summary: Similar measures have been advanced in different other countries, which adds to the protectionism shown through border restrictions and banning of flights and exportation of medical supplies. Other countries imposed nationwide lockdowns and curfews, only exempting essential service providers. keywords: china; coronavirus; countries; covid-19; demand; oil; pandemic; production; states; supplies; united; world cache: cord-343021-gqem6bxj.txt plain text: cord-343021-gqem6bxj.txt item: #107 of 116 id: cord-345402-brhvfsgy author: Miller, Ryan S. title: Diseases at the livestock–wildlife interface: Status, challenges, and opportunities in the United States date: 2013-06-01 words: 8150 flesch: 27 summary: The existing and potential importance of brucellosis and tuberculosis in Canadian wildlife: a review New perspectives on managing wildlife diseases Infectious Diseases of Wild Birds Molecular and morphological characterization of Echinococcus in cervids from North America North American and French Caprine arthritis-encephalitis viruses emerge from ovine Maedi-Visna viruses Chlamydia psittaci infections: a review with emphasis on avian chlamydiosis Epidemiology of Mycoplasma agalactiae infection in free-ranging Spanish ibex (Capra Pyrenaica The dynamic role of livestock protection dogs in a changing world Green and blue lasers are ineffective for dispersing deer at night Fences and deerdamage management: a review of designs and efficacy Livestock protection dogs for deterring deer from cattle and feed A fence design for excluding elk without impeding other wildlife Efficacy of an animal-activated frightening device on urban elk and mule deer Host culling as an adaptive management tool for chronic wasting disease in white tailed deer: a modelling study Epizootic vesicular stomatitis in Colorado, 1982: some observations on the possible role of wildlife populations in an enzootic maintenance cycle One Health: the 21st century challenge The vulnerability of the Australian beef industry to impacts of the cattle tick (Boophilus microplus) under climate change Chronic wasting disease Infectious Diseases of Wild Mammals Chronic wasting disease of deer and elk: a review with recommendations for management The natural history of Anaplasma phagocytophilum Bovine tuberculosis in cattle and badgers in localized culling areas Serologic survey for selected microbial pathogens in Alaskan wildlife We would like to acknowledge the insightful comments and critical review of early versions of this manuscript by Dr. Steve Sweeney, Dr. Tom DeLiberto, Dr. Reginald Johnson, Dr. Kathe Bjork, Dr. Tracey Lynn, and Mr. Allan Nelson. Evaluating evidence for top-down regulation of zoonotic disease reservoirs Tuberculosis: a reemerging disease at the interface of domestic animals and wildlife Experimental persistent infection with bovine viral diarrhea virus in white-tailed deer Unhealthy landscapes: policy recommendations on land use change and infectious disease emergence The role of the National Wildlife Disease Program in wildlife disease surveillance and emergency response Virulence of Pasteurella multocida subsp. keywords: animal; bovine; brucellosis; cattle; deer; disease; et al; health; interface; livestock; management; new; potential; risk; states; transmission; tuberculosis; united; wildlife; wildlife interface cache: cord-345402-brhvfsgy.txt plain text: cord-345402-brhvfsgy.txt item: #108 of 116 id: cord-347601-kt2rqx8m author: Laird, Frank N. title: Sticky Policies, Dysfunctional Systems: Path Dependency and the Problems of Government Funding for Science in the United States date: 2020-06-11 words: 9383 flesch: 46 summary: By late 1984, the House Science Committee was sufficiently concerned about federal science funding that it commissioned studies and held hearings running to thousands of pages over two years. That system produced spectacular successes but also created the unintended longer-term problem that demand for science funding has grown more quickly than government funding ever could. keywords: american; budget; federal; funding; funds; government; policy; r&d; research; science; science policy; scientists; system; universities; war cache: cord-347601-kt2rqx8m.txt plain text: cord-347601-kt2rqx8m.txt item: #109 of 116 id: cord-348495-pa6iqc83 author: Perrotta, D. title: Behaviors and attitudes in response to the COVID-19 pandemic: Insights from a cross-national Facebook survey date: 2020-05-15 words: 7499 flesch: 46 summary: We gained these insights by using a novel approach to collecting health behavior data in times of a pandemic. From a public health perspective, this information is key to understand the behaviors and attitudes of specific demographic groups in different countries and help guide the decision-making process to design adequate policies to contain the spread of COVID-19. keywords: covid-19; data; germany; health; respondents; states; threat; united; week cache: cord-348495-pa6iqc83.txt plain text: cord-348495-pa6iqc83.txt item: #110 of 116 id: cord-348807-9xxc5hyl author: Cuomo, Raphael E. title: Sub-national longitudinal and geospatial analysis of COVID-19 tweets date: 2020-10-28 words: 3241 flesch: 37 summary: Z-scores for trends from the resultant emerging hot spot analysis for COVID-19 cases per capita were compared to z-scores for trends from emerging hot spot analysis for COVID-19 tweets per capita. Confirmed COVID-19 cases, deaths, and recoveries were obtained from Johns Hopkins University Github CSSEGISandData/COVID-19 repository [2] . keywords: cases; covid-19; data; health; states; time; tweets; united cache: cord-348807-9xxc5hyl.txt plain text: cord-348807-9xxc5hyl.txt item: #111 of 116 id: cord-349765-90g5v697 author: Huang, Qingming title: The Pandemic and the Transformation of Liberal International Order date: 2020-10-16 words: 12479 flesch: 39 summary: This paper joins the timely scholarly debates about the crisis and future of liberal international order by analyzing the changing dynamics in both domestic and global contexts during the pandemic. This paper begins by examining the literature on liberal international order and discusses the three major foundations of this order. keywords: china; coronavirus; countries; crisis; global; institutions; interests; model; nationalism; order; pandemic; powers; states; united states; western; world; world order cache: cord-349765-90g5v697.txt plain text: cord-349765-90g5v697.txt item: #112 of 116 id: cord-349821-5ykwwq75 author: Ippolito, G. title: Biological weapons: Hospital preparedness to bioterrorism and other infectious disease emergencies date: 2006-09-09 words: 6506 flesch: 28 summary: The phases of the traditional disaster management cycle (preparation, response, recovery and mitigation) are paralleled in infectious disease emergency management by preparedness (activities undertaken before an event, including planning, training, and undertaking practice drills and exercises to test the plans); surveillance and detection (recognising that an infectious disease emergency is occurring); and response, control and containment (the clinical, public health and other measures that minimise the health, social and economic consequences of the incident). [68] ; further links to additional sources can be found at http://www.ecdc.eu.int/. All clinicians must remain open to the possibility that they may be the first person to recognise a deliberate release or other infectious disease emergency; must be prepared to consult urgently with their local infectious disease specialist, clinical microbiologist and public health department on suspicion alone, without waiting for a definitive diagnosis, and must remain alert to the unusual, the unexpected and the case that 'just doesn't fit'. keywords: anthrax; cases; control; disease; emergency; health; hospital; infection; influenza; laboratory; management; preparedness; public; response; sars cache: cord-349821-5ykwwq75.txt plain text: cord-349821-5ykwwq75.txt item: #113 of 116 id: cord-351231-aoz5jbf1 author: Bartlett, John G. title: Why Infectious Diseases date: 2014-09-15 words: 5512 flesch: 38 summary: So it is with the discipline of infectious diseases. As with all medical specialties, infectious diseases has unique features that are important to highlight: Among medical specialties, this one is consistently changing, often unpredictable, usually exciting, and incredibly rewarding for health impact. keywords: antibiotics; cases; disease; health; infection; influenza; medicine; new; patient; resistance; states; united; use; virus cache: cord-351231-aoz5jbf1.txt plain text: cord-351231-aoz5jbf1.txt item: #114 of 116 id: cord-353726-e0mr8kqb author: Adler, Nicole title: Strategies for managing risk in a changing aviation environment date: 2012-07-31 words: 11640 flesch: 37 summary: Airports have been changing as a result of privatization and corporatization, the deregulation of airline markets regionally and inter-continentally and the development of the low cost carrier model which demands different services from the secondary airports that they generally serve (deNeufville, 2008) . Tretheway and Kincaid (2010) define airport competition to include local demand located in overlapping catchment areas e.g. multi-airport cities, connecting traffic served by hubs, cargo traffic, alternative modes and destinations. keywords: aircraft; airlines; airports; aviation; capacity; carriers; competition; congestion; cost; demand; industry; management; market; need; new; order; price; pricing; regulation; states; traffic; united cache: cord-353726-e0mr8kqb.txt plain text: cord-353726-e0mr8kqb.txt item: #115 of 116 id: cord-353772-z1x52stl author: Wilkening, Dean A. title: Combatting Bioterrorism date: 2008-09-05 words: 9628 flesch: 33 summary: Against biological weapon attacks by a state, ballistic missile defenses also will be of limited value because biological submunitions released early in flight, a technology the United States and the former Soviet Union mastered in the 1950s, can easily overwhelm missile defenses. This is not surprising given the relative ineffectiveness of biological weapons as a military weapon due to the difficulty of infecting opposing forces, the availability of protective clothing (a simple mask will do in most cases), prompt medical treatment for troops, and the risk that the attacker's troops may also become infected. keywords: agents; attack; bioterrorism; detection; disease; health; pathogens; people; population; prophylaxis; public; response; states; terrorists; time; united; weapons cache: cord-353772-z1x52stl.txt plain text: cord-353772-z1x52stl.txt item: #116 of 116 id: cord-354009-1ek4s8oe author: Wang, Yun title: Spatiotemporal Characteristics of COVID-19 Epidemic in the United States date: 2020-07-08 words: 3145 flesch: 51 summary: We obtained county-based counts of COVID-19 cases confirmed in the United States from January 22 to May 13, 2020 (N=1,386,050). We obtained the counts of COVID-19 cases diagnosed from January 22 to May 13, 2020 in the United States from the USAFacts, a not-for-profit initiative standardizing and providing the government record-based data publicly available. keywords: areas; cases; counties; covid-19; epi; incidence cache: cord-354009-1ek4s8oe.txt plain text: cord-354009-1ek4s8oe.txt