item: #1 of 112 id: cord-001253-3jnkki5z author: Mohammad, Fahim title: Advantages and Limitations of Anticipating Laboratory Test Results from Regression- and Tree-Based Rules Derived from Electronic Health-Record Data date: 2014-04-14 words: 3857 flesch: 48 summary: We analyzed 10 years of electronic health records—a total of 69.4 million blood tests—to see how well standard rule-mining techniques can anticipate test results based on patient age and gender, recent diagnoses, and recent laboratory test results. In a sense, contingency is a form of selection bias: there may well be other diagnoses or test result results that correlate with the result for the test of interest that are not routinely measured according to current best practices. keywords: data; glm; laboratory; result; rules; set; test cache: cord-001253-3jnkki5z.txt plain text: cord-001253-3jnkki5z.txt item: #2 of 112 id: cord-002626-jzwwses4 author: Kaul, Karen L. title: The Case for Laboratory Developed Procedures: Quality and Positive Impact on Patient Care date: 2017-07-16 words: 14833 flesch: 34 summary: [79] [80] [81] Instrumentation from Thermo Fisher (Thermo Fisher Life-Technologies, Carlsbad, CA, USA) and Illumina (Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA), the Personal Genome Machine (PGM), and MiSeq, have made NGS suitable for routine clinical laboratory testing. Laboratory testing for FX includes sizing the number of repeats as well as methylation analysis and has been available for clinical diagnostic and carrier status testing for over 20 years. keywords: assays; braf; cancer; care; clinical; data; diagnosis; disease; fda; gene; guidelines; laboratories; laboratory; ldps; methods; mutations; new; patients; performance; quality; results; risk; sequencing; testing; tests; therapy; treatment; use; virus cache: cord-002626-jzwwses4.txt plain text: cord-002626-jzwwses4.txt item: #3 of 112 id: cord-006229-7yoilsho author: None title: Abstracts of the 82(nd) Annual Meeting of the German Society for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology (DGPT) and the 18(th) Annual Meeting of the Network Clinical Pharmacology Germany (VKliPha) in cooperation with the Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Angewandte Humanpharmakologie e.V. (AGAH) date: 2016-02-06 words: 134020 flesch: 40 summary: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common subtype of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and is characterized by a metabolic shift towards enhanced aerobic glycolysis and hence, increased lactate production. Further studies will be performed to clarify whether silver ions and/or silver nanoparticles could affect the specific N-acetylation of arylamines in human cells. keywords: acid; activation; activity; addition; agents; agonist; aim; analysis; animal; anti; approach; assay; assessment; background; barrier; binding; blood; body; brain; camp; cancer; cancer cells; cardiac; cell death; cell line; cells; cgmp; changes; channels; chemical; chronic; clinical; complex; compounds; concentrations; conclusion; conditions; contrast; control; culture; current; damage; data; days; death; development; differences; different; differentiation; disease; dna; dose; drug; e.g.; effects; endothelial; enzyme; experiments; exposure; expression; factor; fibroblasts; findings; flow; fold; food; formation; fret; function; g protein; gene; germany; group; growth; health; heart; human; impact; increase; induction; inflammation; influence; inhibition; inhibitors; insulin; interaction; intracellular; kidney; levels; line; liver; loss; low; lung; mcpd; mechanisms; membrane; metabolism; metabolites; methods; mice; migration; model; mouse; mrna; nanoparticles; neurons; new; non; novel; number; oct1; order; p<0.05; parameters; pathways; patients; phosphorylation; plasma; platelet; potential; presence; present; primary; processes; products; proliferation; properties; protein; protein expression; rats; receptor; receptor activation; reduced; reduction; regulation; release; research; resistance; response; results; risk; role; samples; set; signaling; skin; small; specific; stimulation; stress; studies; study; substances; system; target; test; testing; therapy; time; tissue; total; toxicity; transcription; treatment; tumor; type; uptake; vitro; vivo; vs.; weight cache: cord-006229-7yoilsho.txt plain text: cord-006229-7yoilsho.txt item: #4 of 112 id: cord-007047-7ty9mxa9 author: Reller, L. Barth title: Implications of New Technology for Infectious Diseases Practice date: 2006-11-15 words: 4096 flesch: 32 summary: The use of laboratory tests for diagnosis of enteroviral CNS disease was shown to be cost effective long ago [8] , but the availability of rapid molecular tests for this purpose has been long coming. The clinical relevance of 'CSF viral culture': a two-year experience with aseptic meningitis in A rapid and highly accurate assay for the detection of enterovirus infections in cerebrospinal fluid samples using the GeneXpert Dx system Impact of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) genetic diversity on performance of four commercial viral load assays: LCx HIV RNA Quantitative, AM-PLICOR HIV-1 MONITOR v1.5, VERSANT HIV-1 RNA 3.0, and NucliSens HIV-1 QT Comparing first-void urine specimens, self-collected vaginal swabs, and endocervical specimens to detect Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae by a nucleic acid amplification test Comparison of methods for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae using commercially available nucleic acid amplification tests and a liquid pap smear medium Validation of molecular-diagnostic techniques in the parasitological laboratory Diagnostic PCR: validation and sample preparation are two sides of the same coin Failure of commercial ligase chain reaction to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA in sputum samples from a patient with smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis due to a deletion of the target region Reproducibility of positive test results in the BDProbeTec ET system for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae False-positive Gen-Probe direct Mycobacterium tuberculosis amplification test results for patients with pulmonary M. kansasii and M. avium infections The current status and potential role of laboratory testing to prevent transfusion-transmitted malaria Characteristics of apparently false-negative digene hybrid capture 2 high-risk HPV DNA testing Occurrence and documentation of low-level bacteremia in a community hospital's patient population Comparison of 9 different PCR primers for the rapid detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus using 2 RNA extraction methods Comparison of six DNA extraction methods for recovery of fungal DNA as assessed by quantitative PCR Rapid diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis: what is the optimal method? Comparison of conventional bacteriology with nucleic acid amplification (amplified mycobacterium direct test) for diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis before and after inception of antituberculosis chemotherapy The bacteriological diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis Diagnostic accuracy of nucleic acid amplification tests for tuberculous meningitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis Rapid identification of the species of the Bacteroides fragilis group by multiplex PCR assays using group-and species-specific primers Sequence analysis of four Shigella boydii O-antigen loci: implication for Escherichia coli and Shigella relationships Rhinosporidium seeberi: a human pathogen from a novel group of aquatic protistan parasites Lack of serological evidence for Mycoplasma fermentans infection in army Gulf War veterans: a large scale case-control study Mycoplasma fermentans in individuals seropositive and seronegative for HIV-1 Serological responses to mycoplasmas in HIV-infected and non-infected individuals Monitoring of Chlamydia trachomatis infections after antibiotic treatment using RNA detection by nucleic acid sequence based amplification Multicenter study of a rapid molecular-based assay for the diagnosis of group B Streptococcus colonization in pregnant women Comparison of rapid intrapartum screening methods for group B streptococcal vaginal colonization Perinatal screening for group B streptococci: cost-benefit analysis of rapid polymerase chain reaction Risk factors for early-onset group B streptococcal sepsis: estimation of odds ratios by critical literature review Prevention of perinatal group B streptococcal disease: revised guidelines from CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. keywords: acid; diseases; dna; group; laboratory; methods; nucleic; pcr; results; sample; technology; tests cache: cord-007047-7ty9mxa9.txt plain text: cord-007047-7ty9mxa9.txt item: #5 of 112 id: cord-010092-uftc8inx author: None title: Abstract of 29th Regional Congress of the ISBT date: 2019-06-07 words: 233543 flesch: 50 summary: One central question is the need of individual NAT screening (ID) versus minipool NAT screening (MP) approaches to identify all relevant viremias in blood donors. 3A-S02-03 Background: The screening of blood donors and returning travelers from active transmission areas have highlighted the importance of diagnosis of acute arboviral infections. keywords: abo blood; addition; aims; allele; alloimmunization; analysis; anemia; anti; antibodies; antibody; antigen; apheresis; approach; assay; available; average; background; bacterial; bleeding; blood bank; blood cells; blood center; blood chimerism; blood collection; blood components; blood count; blood culture; blood demand; blood donation; blood donors; blood establishments; blood flow; blood group; blood grouping; blood loss; blood management; blood plasma; blood platelet; blood pressure; blood processing; blood products; blood results; blood safety; blood samples; blood services; blood supply; blood system; blood test; blood transfusion; blood type; blood units; blood volume; care; cases; cause; cell donors; cell transfusion; clinical; concentrates; concentration; conclusions; confirmed; content; control; cord blood; countries; criteria; cross; current; data; day; days; deferral; detection; difference; disease; dna; donations; donor samples; effect; events; evidence; exon; expression; factors; female; ferritin; flow; following; frequency; gel; gene; genotyping; group system; groups; hbv; hcv; health; hemoglobin; hev; history; hiv; hla; hospital; hospital blood; human; identification; igg; impact; incidence; increase; individuals; infection; information; international; iron; laboratory; levels; life; low; major; mean; median; medical; methods; min; ml blood; model; molecular; months; n =; national; need; negative; new; non; number; order; overall; p =; patients; pcr; pcs; period; phenotype; plasma; plasma donors; plasma transfusion; platelet; platelet donors; platelet transfusion; population; positive; post; potential; practice; presence; present; prevalence; procedure; process; production; quality; quality blood; range; rate; rbc blood; rbc transfusion; rbcs; reactive; red; reduced; repeat donors; research; results; rhd; rhd blood; risk; routine; screening; selection; sequencing; serum; significant; specific; staff; standard; status; storage; studies; study; summary; surgery; systems; tested; testing; tests; therapy; time donors; total; transfusion medicine; transfusion reactions; transfusion safety; transfusion service; transfusion therapy; transfusions; treated; treatment; typing; use; value; variant; versus; weak; women; years cache: cord-010092-uftc8inx.txt plain text: cord-010092-uftc8inx.txt item: #6 of 112 id: cord-010119-t1x9gknd author: None title: Abstract Presentations from the AABB Annual Meeting San Diego, CA ctober 7‐10, 2017 date: 2017-09-04 words: 230433 flesch: 50 summary: Probability of occurrence of cannabis metabolites in blood donor samples is likely to be highly variable across donor centers and is largely dependent on blood donor demographics. OBRR, CBER, FDA Background/Case Studies: Extended molecular typing of a large number of blood donors can increase the likelihood of identifying donor red blood cells (RBCs) that match those of the recipient. keywords: abo; abo blood; acute; addition; alleles; alloimmunization; analysis; anemia; anti; antibodies; antibody; antigen; apheresis; approach; assay; average; background; bacterial; blood; blood bank; blood cells; blood center; blood collection; blood components; blood count; blood donation; blood donors; blood group; blood loss; blood management; blood order; blood ordering; blood products; blood safety; blood samples; blood screening; blood services; blood specimens; blood supplier; blood supply; blood system; blood testing; blood transfusion; blood type; blood units; blood volume; care; case studies; case study; cases; cd36; cell transfusion; center background; centers; change; clinical; collections; concentration; conclusion; control; cord blood; cost; count; cross; culture; current; data; days; decreased; detection; difference; disease; dna; donations; donor samples; dose; dtt; effect; emergency blood; evaluation; events; evidence; expression; factors; fda; female; ffp; finding; flow; following; frequency; fresh; gel; gene; genotyping; given; groups; hbv; hcv; health; hemoglobin; hemolysis; high; history; hiv; hla; hospital; hospital blood; hospital transfusion; hours; human; identification; igg; immucor; impact; implementation; improvement; incidence; increase; infection; information; initial; institution; inventory; iron; laboratory; levels; low; manual; mean; median; medical; method; mice; minutes; model; molecular; months; mtp; need; negative; new; non; normal; number; order; partial; pathogen; patients; pcr; performance; period; phase; phenotype; plasma; plasma samples; plasma transfusion; plasma units; platelet; platelet blood; platelet transfusion; platelet units; plt; plts; population; positive; post; post transfusion; potential; practice; pre; presence; present; prevalence; procedure; process; processing; program; protocol; quality; r blood; range; rate; rbc; rbc blood; rbc transfusion; rbc units; rbcs; reactive; reactivity; reagent; recipients; recovery; red; reduced; reduction; reference; report; response; results; review; rhd; risk; routine; screening; second; sensitivity; sequencing; serum; set; small; solution; specific; specificity; staff; standard; storage; study design; study period; survey; systems; table; technology; test results; testing; tests; therapy; time; titer; total; tpe; training; transfused; transfusion medicine; transfusion practice; transfusion protocol; transfusion reactions; transfusion results; transfusion service; transfusions; trauma; treatment; tube; typing; units; university; use; values; virus; wastage; wbc; weak; weeks; women; year; zika; zikv cache: cord-010119-t1x9gknd.txt plain text: cord-010119-t1x9gknd.txt item: #7 of 112 id: cord-012934-c6pbr64i author: Hao, Weiming title: Vestibular prognosis in idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss with vestibular dysfunction treated with oral or intratympanic glucocorticoids: a protocol for randomized controlled trial date: 2020-07-22 words: 5456 flesch: 38 summary: To evaluate the recovery of vestibular function, we set the recovery rates of the whole battery of vestibular function tests (SOT/caloric test/vHIT/VEMPs) as the primary outcome, which is the proportion of patients whose abnormal results of vestibular function tests at baseline recover to normal at 4-/8-week follow-up: in this study, we define a 10-dB PTA criterion as clinically significant difference based on a previous RCT [9] . For comparisons of recovery in 4 and 8 weeks from baseline, the recovery rates of vestibular function tests will be calculated by chi-squared tests, and logistic regression adjusts for potential confounders like age, initial PTA, the number of involved vestibular organs, MRI-IAC results, and other characteristics, while the numerical variables like UW of the caloric test, PTA, and scores in DHI, VAS-V, and VAS-T will be calculated by mixed-model with repeated measures analyses of variance (ANOVA), with group and time as fixed effects and subject as a random effect, controlling for the potential confounders. keywords: caloric; dysfunction; function; hearing; issnhl; loss; patients; recovery; study; test; trial; vestibular cache: cord-012934-c6pbr64i.txt plain text: cord-012934-c6pbr64i.txt item: #8 of 112 id: cord-017072-qwe1ne3q author: Poritz, Mark A. title: Multiplex PCR for Detection and Identification of Microbial Pathogens date: 2018-11-10 words: 7208 flesch: 36 summary: This has enabled IVD manufacturers to develop broad test panels that include organisms which have not been a part of standard testing protocols because of the technical limitations of existing methods. There are currently three vendors with multiplex blood culture panels that are both FDA-cleared and CE-marked (BioFire Diagnostics; Luminex and Accelerate Diagnostics, Tucson, Arizona), while GenMark (San Diego, California, USA) and Curetis (Holzgerlingen, Germany) have panels that are CE-marked. keywords: blood; culture; filmarray; multiplex; panel; pathogen; patients; pcr; pouch; respiratory; result; test; testing; time; use cache: cord-017072-qwe1ne3q.txt plain text: cord-017072-qwe1ne3q.txt item: #9 of 112 id: cord-017359-zr0bo9el author: Pfannschmidt, Karlson title: Evaluating Tests in Medical Diagnosis: Combining Machine Learning with Game-Theoretical Concepts date: 2016-05-10 words: 3336 flesch: 47 summary: Recommendations from workshops of the second international feline coronavirus/feline infectious peritonitis symposium Prevalence of feline coronavirus types I and II in cats with histopathologically verified feline infectious peritonitis Structure algorithms for partially ordered isotonic regression Performances of different diagnostic tests for feline infectious peritonitis in challenging clinical cases Fundamentals of Uncertainty Calculi with Applications to Fuzzy Inference Comparison of different tests to diagnose feline infectious peritonitis Using direct immunofluorescence to detect coronaviruses in peritoneal in peritoneal and pleural effusions Sensitivity and specificity of cytologic evaluation in the diagnosis of neoplasia in body fluids from dogs and cats Positive predictive value of albumin: globulin ratio for feline infectious peritonitis in a mid-western referral hospital population A comparison of lymphatic tissues from cats with spontaneous feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), cats with FIP virus infection but no FIP, and cats with no infection Analysis of regression in game theory approach Contrastive pessimistic likelihood estimation for semi-supervised classification Techniques for reading fuzzy measures (iii): interaction index Algorithms for a class of isotonic regression problems Using direct immunofluorescence to detect coronaviruses in peritoneal and pleural effusions Effect of feline interferon-omega on the survival time and quality of life of cats with feline infectious peritonitis A value for n-person games Detection of ascitic feline coronavirus RNA from cats with clinically suspected feline infectious peritonitis Here, each blue dot corresponds to an estimateê(A) for a particular subset A of diagnostic tests. keywords: cats; combination; feline; tests cache: cord-017359-zr0bo9el.txt plain text: cord-017359-zr0bo9el.txt item: #10 of 112 id: cord-018271-ybfxtc7x author: van Doorne, Hans title: Microbiology date: 2015-02-09 words: 13174 flesch: 41 summary: The use of such rapid microbiological methods (RMM) is beneficial in terms of reduction of throughput time for release (especially of parenterals), early identification of product contaminations, allows for causal investigations to be carried out earlier, making it easier to find and eliminate contamination causes [67] . The examination of non-sterile pharmaceutical products for the presence of specified micro-organisms involves one or more steps with selective media. keywords: bacteria; cause; cell; contamination; e.g.; growth; human; materials; membrane; methods; micro; microbial; number; organisms; pharmaceutical; preparations; process; product; production; quality; sect; species; substances; test; testing; water cache: cord-018271-ybfxtc7x.txt plain text: cord-018271-ybfxtc7x.txt item: #11 of 112 id: cord-018335-4l7scdqk author: Kiechle, Frederick L. title: Utilization Management in a Large Community Hospital date: 2016-12-01 words: 11072 flesch: 32 summary: Structure and impact in a large academic medical center Utilization management in a large urban academic medical center: a 10-year experience An analysis of reference laboratory (send out) testing: an 8-year experience in a large academic medical center Utilization management in toxicology An administrative intervention to improve utilization of laboratory tests within a university hospital Longitudinal trends in laboratory test utilization at a large tertiary care university hospital in Sweden Promoting improved utilization of laboratory testing through changes in an electronic medical record: experience at an academic medical center Effect of a controlled feedback intervention on laboratory test ordering by community physicians Duplicate laboratory test reduction using a clinical decision support tool Clinical laboratory tests not performed in a central hospital laboratory Establishing benchmarks and metrics for disruptive technologies, inappropriate and obsolete tests in the clinical laboratory Managing the demand for laboratory testing: options and opportunities Managing the generation mix: from collision to collaboratoryoration Utilization management in the changing health-care environment The impact of hospital acquisition of physician practices on referral patterns. Assessment of laboratory test utilization usually relies on data compiled after a utilization review or analysis of the necessity, appropriateness, and effi ciency of laboratory tests on a concurrent and/or retrospective basis. keywords: assay; blood; care; cation; community; cost; culture; detection; gram; hospital; identifi; laboratory; laboratory test; management; mass; methods; microbiology; panel; patient; physician; spectrometry; test; testing; time; utilization cache: cord-018335-4l7scdqk.txt plain text: cord-018335-4l7scdqk.txt item: #12 of 112 id: cord-019347-tj3ye1mx author: None title: ABSTRACT BOOK date: 2010-02-19 words: 108161 flesch: 50 summary: in allergic patients and 250 and 500 ug. In allergic patients after histamine threshold challenge mean decrease was for FEV1 19, 2% and for FEV1/VC 17, 3%. keywords: age; airway; allergen; allergic; allergy; allergy asthma; analysis; anti; antibody; asthma; asthma control; asthma diagnosis; asthma patients; asthma symptoms; atopic; background; baseline; blood; care; case; cd4; cells; chest; children; chronic; conclusion; control; daily; data; day; days; deficiency; desensitization; diagnosis; disease; dose; drug; effect; efficacy; evaluation; exposure; female; following; food; function; group; histamine; history; hours; ics; ige; igg; immune; improvement; increase; infections; inflammatory; introduction; levels; life; low; lung; male; mean; medical; medication; methods; minutes; months; nasal; negative; new; non; normal; number; objective; ova; patients; period; persistent; placebo; pollen; population; positive; prednisone; prevalence; prick; primary; production; pulmonary; quality; rate; reactions; recurrent; report; response; results; rhinitis; rhinitis patients; risk; serum; severity; significant; skin; specific; spray; studies; study; subjects; symptoms; syndrome; testing; tests; therapy; time; total; treatment; urticaria; use; visits; weeks; wheezing; years cache: cord-019347-tj3ye1mx.txt plain text: cord-019347-tj3ye1mx.txt item: #13 of 112 id: cord-019490-m1cuuehi author: None title: Abstracts cont. date: 2015-12-28 words: 93719 flesch: 45 summary: Mean age (78 vs 77), Charlson score (2.5 vs. 2.6), neoplasm (22% vs. 21%), HIV (0.7% vs. 0.8%), chronic liver disease (9% vs.7%), diabetes mellitus ( 19% vs.22%), ICU admission (4% vs. 4%), monotherapy (63% vs. 66%), and aetiology (S. pneumoniae 34% vs. 36%; L. pneumophila 3% vs.2%; others 8% vs.11%; unknown 54% vs.51%) were similar. The same was found for mecillinam, i.e. no correlation for AUC/MIC vs. CFÚ s in urine or organs, while Time > MIC % significantly (P < 0.05) correlated with CFÚ s in urine (R 2 = 0.48), and kidney tissue (R 2 = 0.82), respectively. keywords: activity; aeruginosa; agar; agents; aim; analysis; anthrax; antibiotics; antimicrobial; assay; associated; aureus; bacteria; blood; broth; cases; ciprofloxacin; clinical; coli; concentrations; conclusions; control; data; days; detection; diagnosis; disease; dose; drug; effect; erythromycin; gene; gram; grn; group; hospital; hours; human; imipenem; infections; isolates; laboratory; levofloxacin; linezolid; low; mcg; mean; methicillin; methods; mic; mic90; mics; moxifloxacin; mrsa; mrsa strains; nccls; negative; new; non; objectives; oral; pathogens; patients; pcr; penicillin; period; pfge; phenotype; plasma; pneumoniae; population; positive; presence; prevalence; pylori; rates; resistance; results; risk; s. aureus; samples; serum; single; skin; species; spectrum; spp; staphylococcus; strains; studies; study; subjects; susceptibility; susceptible; tested; testing; therapy; tigecycline; time; tissue; total; tract; treatment; type; use; values; vancomycin; vitro; water; years cache: cord-019490-m1cuuehi.txt plain text: cord-019490-m1cuuehi.txt item: #14 of 112 id: cord-021511-88xaynf7 author: Werner, Linda L. title: Immunologic and Plasma Protein Disorders date: 2009-05-15 words: 6195 flesch: 31 summary: Positive test results may rarely be obtained in other diseases (e.g., osteochondritis dissecans, nonimmunologic joint disease, neoplasia, disseminated intravascular coagulation). Other routine tests indicated in making the diagnosis include joint radiographs and synovial fluid analysis. keywords: ana; canine; diagnosis; disease; dogs; electrophoresis; monoclonal; positive; protein; serum; sle; test; titer cache: cord-021511-88xaynf7.txt plain text: cord-021511-88xaynf7.txt item: #15 of 112 id: cord-021550-evh3b7o2 author: Brokopp, Charles title: Laboratories date: 2007-09-02 words: 9259 flesch: 33 summary: Because of the importance of laboratory tests in biosurveillance, biosurveillance organizations are attempting to establish connections between LIMSs and their own biosurveillance computers. Most laboratories do not use standard coding systems to identify the names and results of laboratory tests. keywords: agents; chemical; data; diseases; environmental; federal; health; health laboratories; laboratories; laboratory; lrn; national; network; results; state; systems; testing; tests cache: cord-021550-evh3b7o2.txt plain text: cord-021550-evh3b7o2.txt item: #16 of 112 id: cord-022650-phsr10jp author: None title: Abstracts TPS date: 2018-08-14 words: 119916 flesch: 51 summary: Method: Postal questionnaires were distributed to an unselected group of asthma patients (n = 190). NHR was reported in 71% of asthma patients and 22% in non-asthmatic controls (P < 0.0001), with changes in temperature being the most important inducer of nasal symptoms (74% of asthmatics), followed by strong odours (62%) and cigarette smoke (61%). keywords: adults; age; aim; allergen; allergies; allergy; analysis; anaphylaxis; angioedema; anti; ara; asthma; asthma control; asthma patients; asthma symptoms; asthmatic; atopic; background; blood; case; cells; challenge; children; chronic; clinic; concentration; conclusion; control; control group; correlation; cross; data; days; dermatitis; diagnosis; differences; disease; dose; drug; dust; effect; efficacy; egg; episodes; exposure; extracts; factors; food; food allergy; grass; group; hae; high; history; hospital; hours; house; ige; ige levels; igg; immunotherapy; improvement; increase; levels; life; low; male; mean; median; medical; medication; method; milk; minutes; mite; months; nasal; non; number; p 1; p =; patients; peanut; period; pollen; pollen allergy; population; positive; present; prevalence; prick; protein; questionnaire; rate; reaction; reactivity; reduction; report; respiratory; response; results; rhinitis; rhinitis patients; risk; scit; score; sensitization; serum; severity; sige; skin; skin prick; slit; specific; spt; studies; study; subjects; symptoms; syndrome; test; testing; time; total; treatment; type; urticaria; use; weeks; years cache: cord-022650-phsr10jp.txt plain text: cord-022650-phsr10jp.txt item: #17 of 112 id: cord-022653-qa1uph35 author: None title: Poster Discussion Session PDS date: 2017-08-30 words: 58403 flesch: 49 summary: Out of all maxillary sinuses (n=72) from study patients, 62 (86.11%) were opacified, and only these sinuses were included in further analyses. We studied three groups of subjects: peach allergic patients who received Prup3-enriched-SLIT for 1 year, peach allergic patients non treated, and healthy controls who tolerated peach. keywords: age; aim; allergen; allergic; allergy; analysis; anaphylaxis; anti; associated; asthma; asthma patients; atopic; blood; cases; cells; changes; children; conclusions; control; correlation; data; diagnosis; differences; disease; dose; drug; effect; exposure; expression; food; food allergy; group; hdm; healthy; history; ige; ige levels; immune; immunotherapy; increase; inflammation; introduction; levels; low; mean; methods; mice; milk; months; nasal; non; number; objectives; patients; period; pollen; production; protein; reactions; reactivity; response; results; rhinitis; risk; samples; score; sensitization; serum; skin; slit; specific; studies; study; subjects; symptoms; test; therapy; time; total; treatment; use; years cache: cord-022653-qa1uph35.txt plain text: cord-022653-qa1uph35.txt item: #18 of 112 id: cord-022659-chwk2bs4 author: None title: Abstracts: Poster session date: 2004-10-08 words: 49293 flesch: 47 summary: We conclude that this cingulate activation may reflect the greater involvement of an attentional network (of which the anterior cingulate is a part) in tasks requiring a higher degree of mental work on the part of AD patients. To investigate erythrocyte membrane molecular dynamics in AD patients and age-matched controls, we investigated erythrocyte membrane molecular motion at the surface (fluorescamine), aqueous-hydrocarbon interface (DPPE-ANS), and hydrocarbon core (1219j-AS; PPC-DPH) by steady-state fluorescence anisotropy measurements of 16 probable AD patients (5 males; 11 females) and 20 (1 1 males; 9 females) age-matched controls. keywords: activation; activity; acute; ad patients; age; als; alzheimer; analysis; antibodies; blood; brain; cases; cells; cerebral; changes; chronic; conduction; controls; criteria; csf; data; days; dementia; diagnosis; disease; dose; effects; evidence; examination; factors; findings; function; group; hours; human; improvement; infection; injury; left; lesions; levels; loss; mean; memory; months; motor; mri; muscle; myelin; nerve; neurological; onset; p =; parkinson; patients; pd patients; present; protein; response; results; risk; scale; sclerosis; scores; sensory; serum; severity; specific; spinal; stroke; studies; study; subjects; symptoms; syndrome; test; treatment; type; women; years cache: cord-022659-chwk2bs4.txt plain text: cord-022659-chwk2bs4.txt item: #19 of 112 id: cord-023095-4dannjjm author: None title: Research Abstract Program of the 2011 ACVIM Forum Denver, Colorado, June 15–18, 2011 date: 2011-05-03 words: 134382 flesch: 49 summary: Mminimum HR, mean HR and the HRV variables (7 and 10) differing between dog groups, also consistently decreased with increasing MR, LA/Ao and the proximal isovelocity surface area in CKCS. The apparently normal levels of hexosaminidase A activity in affected dog samples may be a result of b subunit overexpression. keywords: abnormalities; acid; acth; activity; administration; adult; age; aim; analysis; animals; assay; association; available; baseline; blood; blood samples; body; breed dogs; breeds; canine; cardiac; cases; cats; cell; changes; chf; chronic; clinical; cobalamin; compare; concentrations; control dogs; controls; correlation; cortisol; creatinine; data; days; decrease; detection; diagnosis; diet; difference; disease; dna; dogs; dose; drug; duration; effects; elisa; equine; evidence; examination; expression; failure; fecal; feline; findings; foals; following; food; function; gastrointestinal; gene; glucose; group; heart; horses; hours; human; increase; infection; insulin; isolates; levels; mean; median; medical; minutes; model; months; negative; non; number; observed; outcome; p o; parameters; patients; pcr; period; plasma; platelet; post; potential; presence; present; prevalence; protein; pulmonary; purpose; range; rate; reference; resistance; response; results; risk; role; samples; serum; serum concentrations; serum samples; severity; significance; signs; species; specific; spinal; spp; standard; studies; study; survival; test; therapy; time; tissue; total; treatment; type; urinary; urine; uroliths; use; values; veterinary; weeks; weight; years cache: cord-023095-4dannjjm.txt plain text: cord-023095-4dannjjm.txt item: #20 of 112 id: cord-023346-8sqbqjm1 author: None title: MONDAY: POSTERS date: 2005-06-08 words: 130150 flesch: 50 summary: The Polish Blood Transfusion Act of 22nd August 1997, in force since January 1st 1999, has been supplemented by 8 Decrees: 1. procedures for external BTS audits; 2. requirements for donor selection; 3. requirements and procedures for organization and safe management of blood transfusion in hospitals; 4. requirements for implementing of national and regional donor registers; 5. employment criteria for BTS personnel; 6. training requirements for hospital personnel involved in blood and blood product administration; 7. national, uniform price list for blood and blood products; 8. organization requirements for setting up of a National Committee for Blood and Blood Transfusion. Introduction: TRALI is a life threatening adverse reaction of blood transfusion. keywords: aim; analysis; anti; antibodies; antibody; antigens; apheresis; assay; associated; background; blood banking; blood banks; blood cells; blood center; blood collection; blood components; blood donation; blood donors; blood establishments; blood group; blood loss; blood plasma; blood pressure; blood products; blood safety; blood samples; blood service; blood supply; blood system; blood transfusion; blood units; blood volume; cases; clinical; complications; concentrates; conclusion; control; cord blood; count; data; day; days; detection; disease; dna; donations; effect; events; factor; ffp; following; frequency; general; groups; hbsag; hbv; hcv; health; high; hla; hospital; hospital blood; identification; important; increase; infections; information; introduction; iron; laboratory; level; low; major; management; mean; medical; methods; national; negative; new; non; number; order; patients; pcr; period; plasma; platelet; platelet transfusion; population; positive; post; practice; presence; present; procedure; process; quality; range; rbc; rbc transfusion; rbcs; red; results; rhd; risk; routine; screening; serum; specific; standard; storage; studies; study; surgery; system; table; test; tested; testing; therapy; time blood; total; transfusion medicine; transfusion reactions; transfusion service; transfusion therapy; transfusions; treatment; type; use; weak; women; years cache: cord-023346-8sqbqjm1.txt plain text: cord-023346-8sqbqjm1.txt item: #21 of 112 id: cord-023354-f2ciho6o author: None title: TUESDAY PLENARY SESSION 3 TUESDAY: POSTERS date: 2005-06-08 words: 130154 flesch: 50 summary: The Polish Blood Transfusion Act of 22nd August 1997, in force since January 1st 1999, has been supplemented by 8 Decrees: 1. procedures for external BTS audits; 2. requirements for donor selection; 3. requirements and procedures for organization and safe management of blood transfusion in hospitals; 4. requirements for implementing of national and regional donor registers; 5. employment criteria for BTS personnel; 6. training requirements for hospital personnel involved in blood and blood product administration; 7. national, uniform price list for blood and blood products; 8. organization requirements for setting up of a National Committee for Blood and Blood Transfusion. Introduction: TRALI is a life threatening adverse reaction of blood transfusion. keywords: aim; analysis; anti; antibodies; antibody; antigens; apheresis; assay; associated; background; blood banking; blood banks; blood cells; blood center; blood collection; blood components; blood donation; blood donors; blood establishments; blood group; blood loss; blood plasma; blood pressure; blood products; blood safety; blood samples; blood service; blood supply; blood system; blood transfusion; blood units; blood volume; cases; clinical; complications; concentrates; conclusion; control; cord blood; count; data; day; days; detection; disease; dna; donations; effect; events; factor; ffp; following; frequency; general; groups; hbsag; hbv; hcv; health; high; hla; hospital; hospital blood; identification; important; increase; infections; information; introduction; iron; laboratory; level; low; major; management; mean; medical; methods; national; negative; new; non; number; order; patients; pcr; period; plasma; platelet; platelet transfusion; population; positive; post; practice; presence; present; procedure; process; quality; range; rbc; rbc transfusion; rbcs; red; results; rhd; risk; routine; screening; serum; specific; standard; storage; studies; study; surgery; system; table; test; tested; testing; therapy; time blood; total; transfusion medicine; transfusion reactions; transfusion service; transfusion therapy; transfusions; treatment; type; use; weak; women; years cache: cord-023354-f2ciho6o.txt plain text: cord-023354-f2ciho6o.txt item: #22 of 112 id: cord-023364-ut56gczm author: None title: EDUCATION DAY MONDAY: PLENARY SESSION 1 MONDAY: PARALLEL SESSIONS date: 2005-06-08 words: 130157 flesch: 50 summary: The Polish Blood Transfusion Act of 22nd August 1997, in force since January 1st 1999, has been supplemented by 8 Decrees: 1. procedures for external BTS audits; 2. requirements for donor selection; 3. requirements and procedures for organization and safe management of blood transfusion in hospitals; 4. requirements for implementing of national and regional donor registers; 5. employment criteria for BTS personnel; 6. training requirements for hospital personnel involved in blood and blood product administration; 7. national, uniform price list for blood and blood products; 8. organization requirements for setting up of a National Committee for Blood and Blood Transfusion. Introduction: TRALI is a life threatening adverse reaction of blood transfusion. keywords: aim; analysis; anti; antibodies; antibody; antigens; apheresis; assay; associated; background; blood banking; blood banks; blood cells; blood center; blood collection; blood components; blood donation; blood donors; blood establishments; blood group; blood loss; blood plasma; blood pressure; blood products; blood safety; blood samples; blood service; blood supply; blood system; blood transfusion; blood units; blood volume; cases; clinical; complications; concentrates; conclusion; control; cord blood; count; data; day; days; detection; disease; dna; donations; effect; events; factor; ffp; following; frequency; general; groups; hbsag; hbv; hcv; health; high; hla; hospital; hospital blood; identification; important; increase; infections; information; introduction; iron; laboratory; level; low; major; management; mean; medical; methods; national; negative; new; non; number; order; patients; pcr; period; plasma; platelet; platelet transfusion; population; positive; post; practice; presence; present; procedure; process; quality; range; rbc; rbc transfusion; rbcs; red; results; rhd; risk; routine; screening; serum; specific; standard; storage; studies; study; surgery; system; table; test; tested; testing; therapy; time blood; total; transfusion medicine; transfusion reactions; transfusion service; transfusion therapy; transfusions; treatment; type; use; weak; women; years cache: cord-023364-ut56gczm.txt plain text: cord-023364-ut56gczm.txt item: #23 of 112 id: cord-023584-yaxawqhj author: Bucknall, R.A. title: The Continuing Search for Antiviral Drugs date: 2008-04-10 words: 8499 flesch: 45 summary: Research into the treatment of virus diseases by drugs is at present directed toward three general areas: (1) attempts to stimulate the defense mechanism of the host animal, (2) large screening programs to find drugs which directly block some virus-specific process, and (3) alleviation of the symptoms of the disease. Because of this, it is usually assumed that antiviral drugs will only be of value in preventing and not in curing virus diseases. keywords: activity; animal; cells; compounds; culture; disease; drugs; growth; synthesis; test; tissue; virus; viruses cache: cord-023584-yaxawqhj.txt plain text: cord-023584-yaxawqhj.txt item: #24 of 112 id: cord-024631-yvek5vjz author: Althaus, T. title: Causes of fever in primary care in Southeast Asia and the performance of C-reactive protein in discriminating bacterial from viral pathogens date: 2020-05-11 words: 4330 flesch: 35 summary: We thank all primary care patients and health workers from Chiang Rai primary care centres and Hlaing Tha Yar public hospital and MAM clinics for taking part in the study. C-reactive protein (CRP) is one of the most studied host-response biomarkers of bacterial infection, consistently showing high sensitivity and moderate specificity, and CRP POCTs have been shown to be cost-effective in resource-poor environments keywords: antibiotic; asia; bacterial; blood; care; children; crp; health; infections; patients; primary; study cache: cord-024631-yvek5vjz.txt plain text: cord-024631-yvek5vjz.txt item: #25 of 112 id: cord-025556-oyfx3ij5 author: THUNSTRÖM, LINDA title: Testing for COVID-19: willful ignorance or selfless behavior? date: 2020-05-08 words: 6779 flesch: 53 summary: We therefore conclude that the positive effect of being an extrovert on willingness to test for COVID-19 is likely due to social health benefits weighing more heavily in their decision than their private costs from potential self-isolation for 14 days, should the test come back positive. Surprisingly, the people most likely to widely spread COVID-19 – the extraverts, others who meet more people in their daily lives and younger people – are the most willing to take a test. keywords: covid-19; days; health; participants; people; self; test; testing; variable cache: cord-025556-oyfx3ij5.txt plain text: cord-025556-oyfx3ij5.txt item: #26 of 112 id: cord-026215-neqsup40 author: Grzegorzewski, Przemyslaw title: Two-Sample Dispersion Problem for Fuzzy Data date: 2020-05-16 words: 4716 flesch: 60 summary: To generate fuzzy samples from a trapezoidal-valued fuzzy random variable X = Tra(ξ 1 , ξ 2 , ξ 3 , ξ 4 ), where ξ 1 , ξ 2 , ξ 3 , ξ 4 are real-valued random variables such that ξ 1 ξ 2 ξ 3 ξ 4 , the following characterization appears to be useful (see [19] ): c = 1 2 (ξ 3 + ξ 2 ) = mid 1 X, s = 1 2 (ξ 3 − ξ 2 ) = spr 1 X, l = ξ 2 − ξ 1 and r = ξ 4 − ξ 3 . For instance, random fuzzy numbers are not linearly ordered so the aforementioned tests based on ranks cannot be directly applied in fuzzy environment. keywords: data; permutation; sample; test cache: cord-026215-neqsup40.txt plain text: cord-026215-neqsup40.txt item: #27 of 112 id: cord-027445-bpx4qr0i author: Eisty, Nasir U. title: Testing Research Software: A Case Study date: 2020-05-25 words: 2643 flesch: 43 summary: Conclusions: This study opens up the possibilities of using statistical testing approaches for research software that can overcome some of the inherent challenges involved in testing non-deterministic research software. To address some of the challenges with testing research software, we conducted a case study on the development of a testing infrastructure for the Par-Splice 1 research software project. keywords: model; non; parsplice; research; software; testing cache: cord-027445-bpx4qr0i.txt plain text: cord-027445-bpx4qr0i.txt item: #28 of 112 id: cord-030341-uora9qcb author: Ruland, Sebastian title: HybridTiger: Hybrid Model Checking and Domination-based Partitioning for Efficient Multi-Goal Test-Suite Generation (Competition Contribution) date: 2020-03-13 words: 1260 flesch: 45 summary: Second, HybridTiger uses control-flow information to partition test goals which potentially enhances efficiency of test-case generation due to information reuse among similar test goals. However, in case of realistic programs, even simple coverage criteria (e.g., branch coverage) force model checkers to deal with several hundreds or even thousands of test goals. keywords: goals; hybridtiger; model; test cache: cord-030341-uora9qcb.txt plain text: cord-030341-uora9qcb.txt item: #29 of 112 id: cord-031567-w2676lrz author: Sabit, Maureen title: Pollen allergen skin test and specific IgE reactivity among Filipinos: a community-based study date: 2020-08-12 words: 4281 flesch: 44 summary: Likewise, an investigation of the genetic factors associated with pollen sensitization and response to therapy should be made. A comparative study of skin prick test versus serum-specific IgE measurement in Indian patients with bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis Coping with cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants in allergy diagnosis Carbohydrates as allergens Dual function of novel pollen coat (surface) proteins: IgE-binding capacity and proteolytic activity disrupting the airway epithelial barrier The role of protein glycosylation in allergy Adkinson NF 23 Clinical laboratory assessment of IgE-dependent hypersensitivity Pearls and pitfalls of allergy diagnostic testing: report from the American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology/American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology Specific IgE Test Task Force Skin testing versus serum-specific IgE testing: which is better for diagnosing aeroallergen sensitization and predicting clinical allergy? Age, sex and the association between skin test responses and IgE titres with asthma Increase in pollen sensitization in Swedish adults and protective effect of keeping animals in childhood Major increase in allergic sensitization in schoolchildren from 1996 to 2006 in northern Sweden Sensitization pattern to aeroallergens and food allergens among pediatric patients with common allergic diseases Regional pollen load: effect on sensitisation and clinical presentation of seasonal allergic rhinitis in patients living in Ankara Clinical and immunobiochemical characterization of airborne Delonix regia (Gulmohar tree) pollen and cross-reactivity studies with Peltophorum pterocarpum pollen: 2 dominant avenue trees from eastern India Aerobiological and immunochemical studies on Carica papaya L. pollen: an aeroallergen from India 16:74 • fast, convenient online submission • thorough peer review by experienced researchers in your field • rapid publication on acceptance • support for research data, including large and complex data types • gold Open Access which fosters wider collaboration and increased citations maximum visibility for your research: over 100M website views per year • At BMC Aerobiology: 222 aerobiological and immunological studies on coconut pollen allergy Common aeroallergens in patients with asthma and allergic rhinitis living in southwestern part of Iran: based on skin prick test reactivity Disagreement between skin prick test and specific IgE in young children Variability of offending allergens of allergic rhinitis according to age: optimization of skin prick test allergens The impact of age on prevalence of positive skin prick tests and specific IgE tests Guidelines for using pollen cross-reactivity in formulating allergen immunotherapy Types of sensitization to aeroallergens: definitions, prevalences and impact on the diagnosis and treatment of allergic respiratory disease Pollen-cross allergenicity mediated by panallergens: a clue to the pathogenesis of multiple sensitizations Publisher's Note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations keywords: allergens; asthma; cases; ige; pollen; rhinitis; sensitization; skin; spt; study; subjects; test cache: cord-031567-w2676lrz.txt plain text: cord-031567-w2676lrz.txt item: #30 of 112 id: cord-033420-pjtyv0pv author: Kalokairinou, Louiza title: The promise of direct-to-consumer COVID-19 testing: ethical and regulatory issues date: 2020-09-23 words: 6323 flesch: 43 summary: Although the regulatory environment for COVID-19 tests is not identical to that for other types of DTC health tests (such as currently marketed genetic or hormone tests), 4 many of the concerns raised by DTC COVID-19 tests parallel those wrought by other types of DTC health tests. We conclude with recommendations for regulators, companies, and other relevant stakeholders that can help ensure high-quality, accurate, and equitably distributed COVID-19 tests, and inform the ethical provision of DTC health tests during public health crises. keywords: companies; concerns; consumer; covid-19; dtc; fda; health; healthcare; testing; tests cache: cord-033420-pjtyv0pv.txt plain text: cord-033420-pjtyv0pv.txt item: #31 of 112 id: cord-034948-w59wxu8i author: Kuriyama, Akira title: Performance of the cuff leak test in adults in predicting post-extubation airway complications: a systematic review and meta-analysis date: 2020-11-07 words: 4776 flesch: 43 summary: We included studies that examined the diagnostic accuracy of cuff leak test if post-extubation airway obstruction after extubation or reintubation was explicitly reported as the reference standard. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of cuff leak test for post-extubation airway obstruction were 0.62 (95% CI 0.49–0.73; I(2) = 81.6%) and 0.87 (95% CI 0.82–0.90; I(2) = 97.8%), respectively. keywords: airway; cuff; extubation; leak; obstruction; post; studies; test cache: cord-034948-w59wxu8i.txt plain text: cord-034948-w59wxu8i.txt item: #32 of 112 id: cord-102704-wfuzk2dp author: Meza, Diana K. title: Predicting the presence and titer of rabies virus neutralizing antibodies from low-volume serum samples in low-containment facilities date: 2020-04-30 words: 3185 flesch: 26 summary: Fields Virology Rabies in New Mexico 464 cavern bats Serological investigation of rabies virus neutralizing antibodies in bats captured in 469 the eastern Brazilian Amazon One Health, emerging infectious diseases and 472 wildlife: two decades of progress? This was 321 unsurprising, since virus neutralization tests are biologically dynamic systems that can be influenced 322 by many factors (e.g. variability in the humidity of the incubator, technical manipulation, light 323 condition of the microscope, variability in GFP expression in the cells) keywords: antibodies; dilution; model; neutralization; pmrffit; rabies; serum; test; virus cache: cord-102704-wfuzk2dp.txt plain text: cord-102704-wfuzk2dp.txt item: #33 of 112 id: cord-102817-m1l1t0e1 author: Lucas, T. C. title: Responsible modelling: Unit testing for infectious disease epidemiology date: 2020-08-16 words: 6078 flesch: 62 summary: Here we define a toy epidemiological model and then demonstrate how to effectively write unit tests for it in R code. While a variety of test functions can make different comparisons, the two main ones are expect_true() and expect_equal(). keywords: code; error; function; license; medrxiv; pathogens; preprint; test; testing; time cache: cord-102817-m1l1t0e1.txt plain text: cord-102817-m1l1t0e1.txt item: #34 of 112 id: cord-117424-mp6h9dyl author: Abraham, Louis title: Bloom Origami Assays: Practical Group Testing date: 2020-07-21 words: 8662 flesch: 61 summary: Of course, one could individually test a large number of people from the population and report the fraction of positive test results. = T (S, D) (test results). keywords: bloom; group; information; number; results; samples; testing; tests cache: cord-117424-mp6h9dyl.txt plain text: cord-117424-mp6h9dyl.txt item: #35 of 112 id: cord-119183-pbliko1k author: Cohen, Tomer title: A combination of 'pooling' with a prediction model can reduce by 73% the number of COVID-19 (Corona-virus) tests date: 2020-05-03 words: 2708 flesch: 70 summary: We show that combining a prediction model (based on neural networks), with a new method of test pooling (better than the original Dorfman method, and better than double-pooling) called 'Grid', we can reduce the number of Covid-19 tests by 73%. A simple calculation shows that creating random pools of samples will not be efficient in identifying positive patients, with the current rate of positive samples in Israel keywords: number; pooling; samples; tests cache: cord-119183-pbliko1k.txt plain text: cord-119183-pbliko1k.txt item: #36 of 112 id: cord-121057-986xoy22 author: Mahdi, Esam title: Simultaneous Diagnostic Testing for Linear-Nonlinear Dependence in Time Series date: 2020-08-18 words: 4239 flesch: 43 summary: Since then, several authors have developed goodness-of-fit tests based on the autocorrelation function of the squared-residuals to detect nonlinear structures in time series models (e.g., Li and Mak (1994) ; Rodríguez (2002, 2006) ; Rodríguez and Ruiz (2005) ; Fisher and Gallagher (2012) ). In Section 3, we propose new goodness-of-fit (auto-and-cross-correlated) tests that can be used to detect, simultaneously, linear, bilinear, and nonlinear dependency in time series models, and derive their asymptotic distribution as a chi-squared distribution. keywords: models; residuals; series; tests; time cache: cord-121057-986xoy22.txt plain text: cord-121057-986xoy22.txt item: #37 of 112 id: cord-127025-9ubhd4vf author: Abraham, Louis title: Crackovid: Optimizing Group Testing date: 2020-05-13 words: 4538 flesch: 59 summary: = T (S, D) (test results). Semi-adaptive tests. keywords: adaptive; pool; results; samples; tests cache: cord-127025-9ubhd4vf.txt plain text: cord-127025-9ubhd4vf.txt item: #38 of 112 id: cord-144448-mqs502xm author: Theagarajan, Lakshmi N. title: Group Testing for COVID-19: How to Stop Worrying and Test More date: 2020-04-14 words: 7396 flesch: 66 summary: We study the effect of dilution due to pooling in group testing and show that group tests can perform well even in the presence of dilution effects. We analytically study the effect of dilution, caused by pooling in group tests, on the accuracy of the tests. keywords: group; number; samples; testing; tests; value cache: cord-144448-mqs502xm.txt plain text: cord-144448-mqs502xm.txt item: #39 of 112 id: cord-150218-javbnjrg author: Gupta, Prateek title: COVI-AgentSim: an Agent-based Model for Evaluating Methods of Digital Contact Tracing date: 2020-10-30 words: 13390 flesch: 50 summary: We verify by comparing to real data that COVI-AgentSim is able to reproduce realistic COVID-19 spread dynamics, and perform a sensitivity analysis to verify that the relative performance of contact tracing methods are consistent across a range of settings. We present a formal description of this risk estimator in Appendix I. In this section we seek to provide following evidence: (1) our simulator is producing a reasonable approximation of real-world COVID-19 dynamics, and (2) it is a reliable testbed for comparing contact tracing methods. keywords: agent; bct; contact; covid-19; dalys; day; dct; disease; fct; individual; level; methods; model; number; population; risk; test; tracing; use; work cache: cord-150218-javbnjrg.txt plain text: cord-150218-javbnjrg.txt item: #40 of 112 id: cord-170195-lrg11s5n author: Stoye, Jorg title: A Critical Assessment of Some Recent Work on COVID-19 date: 2020-05-20 words: 2765 flesch: 58 summary: Although this distinction is central to how we teach hypothesis tests, including in medicine (Altman and Bland, 1995) , it is at most barely maintained in the paper (see the aforecited sentence) and completely lost in its perception. [6] different extrapolation that would align the study with other recent seroprevalence studies (and have shorter confidence intervals to boot) was not discussed. keywords: age; analysis; data; gangelt; study; test cache: cord-170195-lrg11s5n.txt plain text: cord-170195-lrg11s5n.txt item: #41 of 112 id: cord-179749-qdbmpi7j author: Sacks, Daniel W. title: What can we learn about SARS-CoV-2 prevalence from testing and hospital data? date: 2020-08-01 words: 10737 flesch: 51 summary: In practice we find that the lower bound is always higher in the non-COVID hospitalization sub-population than in the general population, so in practice this assumption implies that the lower bound on population prevalence is the confirmed positive rate among non-COVID hospitalizations. We pursue two types of assumptions that enable extrapolation from non-COVID hospital populations to the general population: (i) monotone selection into hospitalization and (ii) risk-independent hospitalization. keywords: bounds; covid; data; hospital; hospitalizations; population; prevalence; sample; sars; test; testing cache: cord-179749-qdbmpi7j.txt plain text: cord-179749-qdbmpi7j.txt item: #42 of 112 id: cord-202376-440zapcw author: Wilder, Bryan title: Tracking disease outbreaks from sparse data with Bayesian inference date: 2020-09-12 words: 5808 flesch: 49 summary: [R 1 ...R T ] be the vector with R t for each time. R t describes the expected number of secondary infections caused by someone infected at time t. Accurate estimates of R t are critical to detect emerging outbreaks, forecast future cases, and measure the impact of interventions imposed to limit spread. keywords: distribution; individual; log; model; number; test; time cache: cord-202376-440zapcw.txt plain text: cord-202376-440zapcw.txt item: #43 of 112 id: cord-225183-6rusimb5 author: Boukai, Ben title: Bayesian Modeling of COVID-19 Positivity Rate -- the Indiana experience date: 2020-07-09 words: 3109 flesch: 56 summary: The means and standard deviations of the (estimated) posterior predictive distributions of Y * , K * and p * , along with the corresponding 95% prediction interval are presented in Table 1 Figure 3 : The estimated (Monte-Carlo) posterior predictive distribution of Indiana PPT, p * , along with the marked (in blue) the 95% prediction interval Figure 3 above, displays the Monte-Carlo histogram of that predictive distribution, along with a nonparametric and a normal density (in red) approximations. Having observed (X m , N m ), the posterior predictive distribution , under the Bayesian model (3)-(6) and given (X m , N m ), of a 'new' (or 'future') observation on the number of positive cases, Y * , out of a given K * = k * new tests is the the beta-binomial distribution, for y * = 0, 1, . . keywords: number; tests cache: cord-225183-6rusimb5.txt plain text: cord-225183-6rusimb5.txt item: #44 of 112 id: cord-226956-n5qwsvtr author: Arbia, Giuseppe title: A Note on Early Epidemiological Analysis of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreak using Crowdsourced Data date: 2020-03-13 words: 1764 flesch: 38 summary: While the work by Sun, Chen and Viboud (2020) has to be commended, given the importance of the topic for worldwide health security, in this paper we deem important to remark the presence of the possible sources of statistical biases and to point out possible solutions to them The paper by Sun, Chen and Viboud (2020) (henceforth SCV) is an important example of the use of crowdsourced data in monitoring the spread of COVID-19. There are two main statistical problems connected with the use of crowdsourced data in general and with those presenting a spatial configuration in particular (such as those employed by SCV), namely: 1. keywords: data; sample; sampling; test cache: cord-226956-n5qwsvtr.txt plain text: cord-226956-n5qwsvtr.txt item: #45 of 112 id: cord-252959-ktet18wl author: Lim, Jong-Min title: Ingestion of Exopolymers from Aureobasidium pullulans Reduces the Duration of Cold and Flu Symptoms: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Intervention Study date: 2018-05-30 words: 6403 flesch: 42 summary: Those who were selected as test subjects received the test foods within 14 days from the base evaluation date (selection inspection date) and began taking the test foods by the next morning. The test food was manufactured as maroon-colored hard capsules, and each capsule of test food contained 150 mg of EAP and 100.0 mg of microcrystalline cellulose, whereas the placebo food contained 220.0 mg of microcrystalline cellulose. keywords: cold; eap; flu; food; group; levels; materials; placebo; study; subjects; symptoms; test; test food cache: cord-252959-ktet18wl.txt plain text: cord-252959-ktet18wl.txt item: #46 of 112 id: cord-256568-mbkrg98v author: Jantzen, R. title: Epidemiological and socio-economic characteristics of the COVID-19 spring outbreak in Quebec, Canada: A population-based study date: 2020-09-01 words: 7910 flesch: 50 summary: Both the proportion of tested participants for COVID-19 and positive individuals among those being tested are consistent with those reported in Quebec at the closure of our survey (tested: CaG 8.0% Among the 4,855 individuals who experienced at least one COVID-related symptom (as defined above), 1,022 declared that their first action was to call or consult their family doctor (39.3%), to call the 811 or a dedicated coronavirus hotline (24.6%), to go to the pharmacy (24.6%), to the hospital emergency room (6.4%) or to a COVID-19 screening clinic (5.1%). Individuals changed their transport habits because of the lockdown (923), being afraid of COVID-19 exposure (522), quarantine/in self-isolation (206) or COVID-19 symptoms (11) . keywords: covid-19; exposure; health; individuals; license; medrxiv; participants; population; preprint; symptoms cache: cord-256568-mbkrg98v.txt plain text: cord-256568-mbkrg98v.txt item: #47 of 112 id: cord-262846-1mhimfsf author: Gray, Nicholas title: Is “no test is better than a bad test”? Impact of diagnostic uncertainty in mass testing on the spread of COVID-19 date: 2020-10-21 words: 6025 flesch: 51 summary: To illustrate the sensitivity of the model to testing scenarios an evaluation was conducted with a range of infection test sensitivities, from 50% (i.e of no diagnostic value) to 98%. Each test has unique parameters, so for example test A (active virus infection test) has a targeting parameter T A whilst test B (antibody test) has T B . keywords: covid-19; disease; lockdown; model; people; population; positive; sensitivity; test; testing cache: cord-262846-1mhimfsf.txt plain text: cord-262846-1mhimfsf.txt item: #48 of 112 id: cord-263893-zb6h3q4k author: None title: What to expect from COVID-19 serology in a period of deconfinement? date: 2020-06-01 words: 711 flesch: 32 summary: In the current context, given the sharp increase in individual requests for serological tests without medical prescription, access to tests must remain controlled in order to avoid any behavioural drift that could be induced by misinterpretation of the results. In addition, there is a strong demand for serological tests from the professionally exposed workers and, more widely, from many worried people anxious to know their immune status. keywords: covid-19; tests cache: cord-263893-zb6h3q4k.txt plain text: cord-263893-zb6h3q4k.txt item: #49 of 112 id: cord-266036-qhlo99l7 author: Axell-House, Dierdre B. title: The Estimation of Diagnostic Accuracy of Tests for COVID-19: A Scoping Review date: 2020-08-31 words: 5764 flesch: 36 summary: A review of methods Using a combination of reference tests to assess the accuracy of a new diagnostic test Value of composite reference standards in diagnostic research Diagnostic test evaluation methodology: A systematic review of methods employed to evaluate diagnostic tests in the absence of gold standard -An update Food and Drug Administration CfDaRH. However, our scoping review also uncovered imperfect methods for estimating diagnostic test performance in the absence of a gold standard and demonstrate that the accuracy of these tests should be interpreted with caution. keywords: cov-2; pcr; reference; rrt; sars; standard; studies; table; test cache: cord-266036-qhlo99l7.txt plain text: cord-266036-qhlo99l7.txt item: #50 of 112 id: cord-270935-t9pym9k0 author: Dumyati, Ghinwa title: Does Universal Testing for COVID-19 Work for Everyone? date: 2020-08-15 words: 2683 flesch: 45 summary: We review the tests available to diagnose COVID-19 infections, the implications of universal testing for nursing home staff and residents, interpretation of test results, issues around repeat testing, and incorporation of test results as part of a long-term response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Efforts by states to relax stay-at-home orders, reopen businesses, and even 298 encourage tourism 38 contribute to increased spread of SARS-CoV-2 in the community which in 299 turn means increased risk for nursing home staff to acquire and transmit the virus to their 300 residents. keywords: covid-19; nursing; residents; results; staff; testing; tests cache: cord-270935-t9pym9k0.txt plain text: cord-270935-t9pym9k0.txt item: #51 of 112 id: cord-271920-1dzkgt6w author: Carpenter, Christopher R. title: Diagnosing COVID‐19 in the Emergency Department: A Scoping Review of Clinical Exam, Labs, Imaging Accuracy and Biases date: 2020-06-16 words: 7256 flesch: 41 summary: For example, among COVID-19 patients from cruise ships evaluated with CT, those with symptoms more commonly had COVID-19 CT findings than those without symptoms (80% vs. 40%). Emergency departments (ED) encountered decreased patient volumes before some in Seattle, New York City, New Orleans, and Detroit experienced waves of COVID-19 patients mixed with asymptomatic patients or those concerned about potential exposures. keywords: accuracy; article; copyright; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; negative; patients; pcr; rrt; sars; sensitivity; tests cache: cord-271920-1dzkgt6w.txt plain text: cord-271920-1dzkgt6w.txt item: #52 of 112 id: cord-272995-yvj2pqh1 author: Bergman, Christian title: Recommendations for Welcoming Back Nursing Home Visitors during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Results of a Delphi Panel date: 2020-10-07 words: 6341 flesch: 46 summary: J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f Visitor Guidance for America's Nursing Homes (68%) that residents should be allowed to opt out of testing for sole purposes of surveillance, 116 fewer agreed that testing of asymptomatic residents should not be done (53%). A new or returning asymptomatic nursing home resident without a prior diagnosis of COVID-19 and who has remained under isolation in a private room for 14 days since admission tests positive during nursing home testing of asymptomatic residents. keywords: asymptomatic; covid-19; facility; home; nursing; resident; staff; statements; testing cache: cord-272995-yvj2pqh1.txt plain text: cord-272995-yvj2pqh1.txt item: #53 of 112 id: cord-273324-xhpv783y author: Land, Kevin J. title: REASSURED diagnostics to inform disease control strategies, strengthen health systems and improve patient outcomes date: 2018-12-13 words: 7424 flesch: 33 summary: Many donors -for example, Global Fund and implementation partners, including the WHO, UNAIDS and PEPFAR -have helped affected countries with the procurement and introduction of rapid HIV tests and enable early detection and prevent onward transmission. Thus, connectivity solutions can increase quality assurance for POC tests and would allow for centralized and real-time decision-making, even across tiered laboratory systems and during outbreak investigations and global health emergencies. keywords: care; countries; detection; diagnostics; health; hiv; malaria; poc; point; quality; rdts; results; syphilis; testing; tests cache: cord-273324-xhpv783y.txt plain text: cord-273324-xhpv783y.txt item: #54 of 112 id: cord-276577-06boh550 author: Schanzer, Dena L. title: Estimating Sensitivity of Laboratory Testing for Influenza in Canada through Modelling date: 2009-08-18 words: 3961 flesch: 33 summary: While the null value for b 5 is zero, which indicates no statistical association between the number of influenza positive tests and the number of influenza negative tests, the corresponding null value for sensitivity is 1. The weekly number of influenza negative tests estimated to be falsely negative is given by b 5 InflA w +b 6 InflB w . keywords: influenza; model; number; sensitivity; testing; tests; viruses cache: cord-276577-06boh550.txt plain text: cord-276577-06boh550.txt item: #55 of 112 id: cord-278377-jgq3dz3u author: Busson, L. title: Prospective evaluation of diagnostic tools for respiratory viruses in children and adults date: 2019-01-15 words: 4160 flesch: 42 summary: The necessity of molecular tests must be seriously considered before prescription. The possibilities to implement molecular tests can vary between facilities and countries depending on local policies. keywords: cell; cultures; detection; influenza; sensitivity; techniques; tests; viruses cache: cord-278377-jgq3dz3u.txt plain text: cord-278377-jgq3dz3u.txt item: #56 of 112 id: cord-280571-ntgt5hy9 author: Ginocchio, Christine C. title: Strengths and Weaknesses of FDA-Approved/Cleared Diagnostic Devices for the Molecular Detection of Respiratory Pathogens date: 2011-05-01 words: 7524 flesch: 35 summary: Approved tests have undergone extensive analytical and clinical validations during the course of the FDA evaluations. In addition, during the first weeks of the 2009 influenza A H1N1 outbreak in the spring of 2009, multiple influenza viruses were cocirculating [5] . keywords: assay; detection; fda; influenza; laboratories; naats; respiratory; rsv; test; testing; time; tuberculosis; use; virus cache: cord-280571-ntgt5hy9.txt plain text: cord-280571-ntgt5hy9.txt item: #57 of 112 id: cord-281241-k1adcls8 author: Döhla, M. title: Rapid point-of-care testing for SARS-CoV-2 in a community screening setting shows low sensitivity date: 2020-04-18 words: 1993 flesch: 53 summary: There was no statistically significant correlation between rapid test results and time from potential exposure (exact test, p ¼ 0.636), presence of symptoms (exact test, p ¼ 0.689), age (exact test, p ¼ 0.145) or gender (exact test, p ¼ 0.531). Positive individuals reported five symptoms in median (IQR: 3e7), while negative individuals reported only 4 (IQR: 2e5) symptoms. keywords: cov-2; individuals; infection; sars; test cache: cord-281241-k1adcls8.txt plain text: cord-281241-k1adcls8.txt item: #58 of 112 id: cord-281495-beb164oy author: Charpentier, Charlotte title: Performance evaluation of two SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM rapid tests (Covid-Presto and NG-Test) and one IgG automated immunoassay (Abbott) date: 2020-09-03 words: 2379 flesch: 51 summary: Sensitivity of Abbott IgG test was 67% (n=4/6), 100% (n=22/22) and 100% (n=29/29) for samples collected between days 7 and 9, between days 10 and 14, and after 14 days after onset of symptoms, respectively. On the other hand, although a very large number of rapid tests have been developed, few of them have been reliably evaluated with a suitable serum panel. keywords: days; igg; test cache: cord-281495-beb164oy.txt plain text: cord-281495-beb164oy.txt item: #59 of 112 id: cord-283517-7gd0f06m author: Deak, Eszter title: Right-Sizing Technology in the Era of Consumer-Driven Health Care date: 2017-08-01 words: 6867 flesch: 42 summary: Test results did suggest that some influence on physician behavior occurred, as patients diagnosed with influenza had fewer ancillary tests ordered (45% versus 53% of visits), fewer antibiotic prescriptions (11% versus 23%), and increased antiviral use (56% versus 19%) when the diagnosis was made in association with RIDT. The goal of the ACA was to improve the quality of and access to health care by transforming insurance coverage and lowering health care costs. keywords: care; clia; cost; health; impact; influenza; laboratory; mpoc; patient; results; technology; testing; tests; time; use cache: cord-283517-7gd0f06m.txt plain text: cord-283517-7gd0f06m.txt item: #60 of 112 id: cord-284945-837qlk8y author: Rahmandad, H. title: Estimating the global spread of COVID-19 date: 2020-06-26 words: 16607 flesch: 43 summary: 2) We go through iterations of the following two steps: A) Conduct country-specific optimizations with 50 restarts to find the vector of θi given the ϕ and ̅ from first optimization or from the step B. B) Conduct a global optimization, including all countries but fixing θi and optimizing on ϕ (and ̅ ; though that is simply the mean across country level parameters from previous round). c. Identify the time shift within this range that maximizes the cross-correlation between the infection rate and test rate data, and shift the test rate data accordingly. keywords: acuity; cases; countries; country; covid; data; deaths; fatality; fraction; hospital; infection; license; medrxiv; model; parameters; preprint; rate; risk; test; testing; time; units cache: cord-284945-837qlk8y.txt plain text: cord-284945-837qlk8y.txt item: #61 of 112 id: cord-286539-3sr4djft author: Mentus, Cassidy title: Analysis and Applications of Adaptive Group Testing Methods for COVID-19 date: 2020-04-07 words: 5533 flesch: 60 summary: The goal of this paper is to increase the capacity to identify asymptomatic carriers of COVID-19 by applying group testing methods. In this paper we consider group testing methods that follow two dierent interpretations of step 1 in the procedure above: methods with a xed group size and methods where the group size changes based on the results of previous tests. keywords: cases; group; license; medrxiv; population; preprint; testing cache: cord-286539-3sr4djft.txt plain text: cord-286539-3sr4djft.txt item: #62 of 112 id: cord-288982-63ddlh20 author: Peeling, Rosanna W. title: Diagnostics in a digital age: an opportunity to strengthen health systems and improve health outcomes date: 2015-11-09 words: 4391 flesch: 38 summary: The simplest POC diagnostic tests that are widely used today are rapid diagnostics tests (RDTs) in a lateral flow format. The use of these non-invasive specimens has made it possible to design HIV tests for self-testing or for home use. keywords: care; control; data; diagnostics; disease; elimination; health; hiv; quality; surveillance; testing; tests cache: cord-288982-63ddlh20.txt plain text: cord-288982-63ddlh20.txt item: #63 of 112 id: cord-289461-bnusv816 author: Droste, M. C. title: Economic Benefits of COVID-19 Screening Tests date: 2020-10-27 words: 7920 flesch: 51 summary: We find that the fiscal, macroeconomic, and health benefits of rapid SARS-CoV-2 screening testing programs far exceed their costs, with the ratio of economic benefits to costs typically in the range of 4-15 (depending on program details), not counting the monetized value of lives saved. The number of days that individuals are told to isolate (upper right) increases approximately linearly with the amount of screening testing (there is some curvature because symptomatic testing falls as screening intensity increases). keywords: adherence; license; medrxiv; model; pcr; preprint; program; screening; screening test; specificity; testing cache: cord-289461-bnusv816.txt plain text: cord-289461-bnusv816.txt item: #64 of 112 id: cord-290251-ihq8gdwj author: Hasell, Joe title: A cross-country database of COVID-19 testing date: 2020-10-08 words: 3809 flesch: 49 summary: We continually check for invalid figures such as negative daily test figures, out-of-sequence dates, or test positivity rates above 100% (by comparing testing data to confirmed case data), and we monitor each country for abrupt changes in daily testing rates. No international authority has taken on the responsibility for collecting and reporting testing data. keywords: data; database; figures; series; testing; tests; time cache: cord-290251-ihq8gdwj.txt plain text: cord-290251-ihq8gdwj.txt item: #65 of 112 id: cord-290978-e7imc11r author: Shevachman, M. title: A Long-Lasting Sanitizing Skin Protectant based on CAGE, a Choline and Geranic Acid Eutectic date: 2020-08-07 words: 4792 flesch: 45 summary: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.04.20161067 doi: medRxiv preprint The encouraging results obtained from the bactericidal efficacy studies, motivated us to test IonLAST TM against hCoV229E. As theorized, CG-101 was able to deactivate the virus, generating excellent virucidal efficacy against hCoV229E. IonLAST TM generated >4.00 log10 reductions in viral titers following 15s and 30s exposure. The concentration of CG-101 was 20 times higher than that used in IonLAST TM . keywords: cg-101; ionlast; license; medrxiv; preprint; sars; study; subjects; test cache: cord-290978-e7imc11r.txt plain text: cord-290978-e7imc11r.txt item: #66 of 112 id: cord-292209-d1ty9etr author: Horta, Bernardo L title: Prevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 according to socioeconomic and ethnic status in a nationwide Brazilian survey date: 2020-10-29 words: 4333 flesch: 46 summary: O ajuste regional reduziu as taxas de prevalência de acordo com a riqueza, educação e etnia, mas os resultados permaneceram estatisticamente significativos. Se utilizó el análisis de los componentes principales de los bienes para clasificar la posición socioeconómica en cinco quintiles de riqueza. keywords: analyses; antibodies; brazil; cov-2; covid-19; individuals; prevalence; region; results; sars; study; subjects; test cache: cord-292209-d1ty9etr.txt plain text: cord-292209-d1ty9etr.txt item: #67 of 112 id: cord-292274-upwn9o2m author: Ghaffari, Abdi title: COVID-19 Serological Tests: How Well Do They Actually Perform? date: 2020-07-04 words: 4663 flesch: 39 summary: In humans, three types of antibodies or immunoglobulins have been the target of COVID-19 serological tests: IgM, IgG, and IgA. In humans, three types of antibodies or immunoglobulins have been the target of COVID-19 serological tests: IgM, IgG, and IgA. keywords: antibodies; antibody; cov-2; covid-19; igg; igm; sars; tests cache: cord-292274-upwn9o2m.txt plain text: cord-292274-upwn9o2m.txt item: #68 of 112 id: cord-295126-lz2jbmcn author: Toresdahl, Brett G. title: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Considerations for the Competitive Athlete date: 2020-04-06 words: 2408 flesch: 44 summary: Conversely, lymphopenia and leukopenia have been seen in COVID-19 infections, which may assist in diagnosis. 1 The management of COVID-19 infection depends on the severity of symptoms. keywords: athlete; covid-19; disease; home; isolation; symptoms; testing cache: cord-295126-lz2jbmcn.txt plain text: cord-295126-lz2jbmcn.txt item: #69 of 112 id: cord-296306-xcomjvaa author: Rivett, Lucy title: Screening of healthcare workers for SARS-CoV-2 highlights the role of asymptomatic carriage in COVID-19 transmission date: 2020-05-11 words: 6506 flesch: 42 summary: Ward Q is a general medical ward designated as a 'red' clinical area for the care of COVID-19 positive patients, with a Scenario 1 PPE protocol (Tables 4-5). In addition, given SARS CoV-2 was only introduced into the human population in late 2019, there is at present a lack of diversity in circulating strains. keywords: asymptomatic; cov-2; covid-19; data; hcw; hcws; sars; screening; self; staff; symptoms; testing; ward cache: cord-296306-xcomjvaa.txt plain text: cord-296306-xcomjvaa.txt item: #70 of 112 id: cord-296588-q2716lda author: Hanson, Kimberly E title: Infectious Diseases Society of America Guidelines on the Diagnosis of COVID-19 date: 2020-06-16 words: 10186 flesch: 40 summary: In addition, the limited data showing poor outcomes in COVID-19 positive patients undergoing a major surgical procedure requiring intubation informed decisions to reduce this risk for asymptomatic patients We also did not identify test accuracy studies directly assessing the performance of SARS-CoV-2 NAATs in asymptomatic individuals. keywords: asymptomatic; c r; cov-2; covid-19; evidence; individuals; p t; patients; s c; sars; studies; test; testing cache: cord-296588-q2716lda.txt plain text: cord-296588-q2716lda.txt item: #71 of 112 id: cord-298086-pbfi5c8e author: Lyngse, F. P. title: COVID-19 Transmission Within Danish Households: A Nationwide Study from Lockdown to Reopening date: 2020-09-09 words: 7799 flesch: 56 summary: These may represent co-primary cases, and therefore do not represent household cases. Among primary cases, those aged 0-24 were underrepresented when compared with the total population. keywords: age; attack; cases; household; license; medrxiv; preprint; rate; transmission cache: cord-298086-pbfi5c8e.txt plain text: cord-298086-pbfi5c8e.txt item: #72 of 112 id: cord-298441-77w86l8q author: Lombardi, Andrea title: Characteristics of 1,573 healthcare workers who underwent nasopharyngeal swab for SARS-CoV-2 in Milano, Lombardy, Italy date: 2020-06-20 words: 1439 flesch: 46 summary: To answer this question, we reviewed all the 59 nasopharyngeal swab performed in HCWs exposed to confirmed cases of COVID-19 at the 60 Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico located in Milan, the capital 61 of Lombardy, by large the Italian region mostly affected by We assessed 62 frequency of positive tests among symptomatic and asymptomatic HCWs and evaluated the 63 association between occupation, symptoms (type and number), and presence of the infection. The median time from first positive test to a negative test was 27 days (95% CI: 24-30). keywords: hcws; symptoms; test; workers cache: cord-298441-77w86l8q.txt plain text: cord-298441-77w86l8q.txt item: #73 of 112 id: cord-300520-vxn7uh41 author: Baunez, C. title: Tracking the Dynamics and Allocating Tests for COVID-19 in Real-Time: an Acceleration Index with an Application to French Age Groups and Departments date: 2020-11-07 words: 10379 flesch: 51 summary: A manifestation of how confusing that coarse piece of information can be, if not properly organized, is the statements often voiced that one should not be worried to observe more positive cases as long as more tests are performed as time passes. After all, more tests imply more cases, almost by definition and this basic fact should not be taken at face value to indicate that the pandemic is worsening. keywords: acceleration; acceleration index; cases; index; medrxiv; medrxiv preprint; pandemic; preprint; tests; time cache: cord-300520-vxn7uh41.txt plain text: cord-300520-vxn7uh41.txt item: #74 of 112 id: cord-300930-47a4pu27 author: Beigel, R. title: Rate Estimation and Identification of COVID-19 Infections: Towards Rational Policy Making During Early and Late Stages of Epidemics date: 2020-05-24 words: 4535 flesch: 59 summary: In this paper we provide relatively efficient pooling methods to both estimate infection rates and identify infected individuals for populations with low infection rates. We now provide a deterministic identification algorithm applicable to populations with small infection rate (Fig 5) . . keywords: infection; license; number; preprint; rate; tests cache: cord-300930-47a4pu27.txt plain text: cord-300930-47a4pu27.txt item: #75 of 112 id: cord-303539-gimz41yb author: Goudouris, Ekaterini S. title: Laboratory diagnosis of COVID-19() date: 2020-08-31 words: 3611 flesch: 39 summary: Laboratory tests such as complete blood count, C-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimer, clotting tests, lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), ferritin, and procalcitonin identify risk of disease with greater severity, thromboembolic complications, myocardial damage, and/or worse prognosis. The data presented suggest that the diagnosis of COVID-19 should be based on clinical manifestations, contact history, imaging tests, laboratory tests, and not only on serological tests and the search for the genetic material of the virus. keywords: cov-2; covid-19; diagnosis; material; sars; sensitivity; tests; virus cache: cord-303539-gimz41yb.txt plain text: cord-303539-gimz41yb.txt item: #76 of 112 id: cord-307123-h48uwj93 author: Kiechle, Frederick L. title: Establishing benchmarks and metrics for disruptive technologies, inappropriate and obsolete tests in the clinical laboratory date: 2014-01-01 words: 5422 flesch: 36 summary: This committee evaluates the clinical value of laboratory tests using an evidence-based review of the appropriate medical literature. Often relevant studies evaluating laboratory tests demonstrate negative findings and are not published [7, 8] . keywords: american; antigen; detection; diagnosis; disease; guidelines; laboratory; results; technologies; testing; tests; time; use; utilization cache: cord-307123-h48uwj93.txt plain text: cord-307123-h48uwj93.txt item: #77 of 112 id: cord-307187-5blsjicu author: Missel, Malene title: A stoic and altruistic orientation towards their work: a qualitative study of healthcare professionals’ experiences of awaiting a COVID-19 test result date: 2020-11-11 words: 5822 flesch: 46 summary: The study offers an in-depth understanding of the meaning of the waiting for the test result for COVID-19 infection from the HCPs' perspective and should be of interest to a broad readership and add knowledge to the growing COVID-19 evidence base and in developing supportive inetrventions targeted HCPs in such a pandemic. A sudden decrease in the number of HCPs because of quarantining or isolation due to COVID-19 infection would potentially overload the healthcare system and the capacity to treat either patients with coronavirus or patients with other serious conditions would be challenged [8] . keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; experiences; hcps; healthcare; infection; participants; result; study; test cache: cord-307187-5blsjicu.txt plain text: cord-307187-5blsjicu.txt item: #78 of 112 id: cord-307500-2jwuzfan author: Gray, Nicholas title: "No test is better than a bad test": Impact of diagnostic uncertainty in mass testing on the spread of Covid-19 date: 2020-04-22 words: 6479 flesch: 54 summary: Now we consider a range of antibody test specificities. To illustrate the sensitivity of the model to testing scenarios an evaluation was conducted with a range of infection test sensitivities, from 50% (i.e of no diagnostic value) to 98%. keywords: antibody; disease; measures; model; people; population; prevalence; test; testing cache: cord-307500-2jwuzfan.txt plain text: cord-307500-2jwuzfan.txt item: #79 of 112 id: cord-308021-cnf4xljc author: Kohns Vasconcelos, Malte title: SARS-CoV-2 testing and infection control strategies in European paediatric emergency departments during the first wave of the pandemic date: 2020-10-13 words: 1984 flesch: 42 summary: The current understanding of COVID-19 in paediatric patients is that children more often have mild disease compared to adults [3, 4] . By the end of February 2020, all hospitals had implemented standardised case definitions for suspected COVID-19 cases, with the majority (16 out of 21 participating at that point in time, 76%) following national government or public health authority guidelines and three directly following WHO guidelines. keywords: covid-19; infection; paediatric; patients; sites; testing cache: cord-308021-cnf4xljc.txt plain text: cord-308021-cnf4xljc.txt item: #80 of 112 id: cord-310195-am3u7z76 author: Waller, J. title: Immunity Passports for SARS-CoV-2: an online experimental study of the impact of antibody test terminology on perceived risk and behaviour date: 2020-05-10 words: 4814 flesch: 51 summary: The effectiveness of antibody tests for SARS-CoV-2 will depend not only on the extent and duration of any immunity conferred and the performance of a test, but also upon a good understanding of the meaning of tests results among those offered them. While we found no evidence for a direct effect on protective behaviours of the terms used to describe antibody tests results, there was indirect evidence that perceiving no risk of future infection might reduce frequency of handwashing. keywords: antibody; coronavirus; license; preprint; result; risk; test cache: cord-310195-am3u7z76.txt plain text: cord-310195-am3u7z76.txt item: #81 of 112 id: cord-310714-kqzlwka0 author: Braz, Lucia Maria Almeida title: Visceral Leishmaniasis diagnosis: a rapid test is a must at the hospital bedside date: 2020-06-16 words: 1370 flesch: 47 summary: Leishmaniose visceral Diagnosing visceral leishmaniasis with the recombinant K39 strip test: experience from the Sudan Diagnostic and prognostic value of K39 recombinant antigen in Indian leishmaniasis Evaluation of a new brand of immunochromatographic test for visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil made available from 2018 Field evaluation of rK39 tests and direct agglutination test for diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis in a population with high prevalence of human immunodeficiency vírus in Ethiopia Comparison of parasitological, serological, and molecular tests for visceral leishmaniasis in HIV-infected patients: a cross-sectional delayed-type study Controle de Qualidade de Kits para Diagnóstico da Leishmaniose Visceral Humana. key: cord-310714-kqzlwka0 authors: Braz, Lucia Maria Almeida; Tahmasebi, Roozbeh; Hefford, Philip Michael; Lindoso, José Angelo Lauletta title: Visceral Leishmaniasis diagnosis: a rapid test is a must at the hospital bedside date: 2020-06-16 journal: Clinics (Sao Paulo) DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2020/e2036 sha: doc_id: 310714 cord_uid: kqzlwka0 nan At the time of the widespread availability of rapid diagnostic tests for SARS-CoV-2-the causative virus of the COVID-19 pandemic-from drugstores throughout Brazil, there is a distinct lack of use of rapid diagnostic tests for visceral leishmaniasis (VL) at the bedsides of hospitalized patients. keywords: leishmaniasis; rk39; test; visceral cache: cord-310714-kqzlwka0.txt plain text: cord-310714-kqzlwka0.txt item: #82 of 112 id: cord-311766-m9yv4qkm author: Demey, Baptiste title: Dynamic profile for the detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies using four immunochromatographic assays date: 2020-05-07 words: 1756 flesch: 44 summary: Thus, immunochromatographic tests for the detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies may have their place for the diagnostic panel of COVID-19. Thus, immunochromatographic tests for the detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies may have their place for the diagnostic panel of COVID-19. keywords: cov-2; detection; sars; tests cache: cord-311766-m9yv4qkm.txt plain text: cord-311766-m9yv4qkm.txt item: #83 of 112 id: cord-312477-2y88gzji author: Mlcochova, P. title: Combined point of care nucleic acid and antibody testing for SARS-CoV-2: a prospective cohort study in suspected moderate to severe COVID-19 disease. date: 2020-06-18 words: 4922 flesch: 46 summary: Rapid combined tests have the potential to transform our management of COVID-19, including inflammatory manifestations where nucleic acid test results are negative. Rapid combined tests have the potential to transform our management of COVID-19, including inflammatory manifestations where nucleic acid test results are negative. keywords: acid; antibody; cov-2; covid-19; igg; license; medrxiv; preprint; sars; test cache: cord-312477-2y88gzji.txt plain text: cord-312477-2y88gzji.txt item: #84 of 112 id: cord-315077-i1xjcuae author: Branda, John A. title: Utilization management in microbiology date: 2014-01-01 words: 4120 flesch: 32 summary: However, once approved there was no requirement or formal mechanism in place to re-evaluate the ongoing need for a restricted antibiotic once the results of microbiology culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing became available. The results of microbiology tests have a significant impact on the overall cost of clinical care, most notably in the use and selection of antimicrobial therapy. keywords: blood; culture; hospital; laboratory; microbiology; patients; testing; tests; use; utilization cache: cord-315077-i1xjcuae.txt plain text: cord-315077-i1xjcuae.txt item: #85 of 112 id: cord-316047-d9cpe9yl author: Gonzalez, T. title: Influence of COVID-19 confinement on students’ performance in higher education date: 2020-10-09 words: 8521 flesch: 57 summary: Most probably, different students will find different motivations in this new scenario (probably a combination of many). In this subject we have expressed student performance as a 0-10 score and analyzed it across all tests performed in self-evaluation. keywords: assessment; confinement; covid-19; learning; performance; stage; students; study; tests; years cache: cord-316047-d9cpe9yl.txt plain text: cord-316047-d9cpe9yl.txt item: #86 of 112 id: cord-318570-wj7r6953 author: Xiao, Yinzong title: Point-of-Care Tests for Hepatitis B: An Overview date: 2020-10-02 words: 8334 flesch: 33 summary: Am Evaluation of a New Hepatitis B Virus Surface Antigen Rapid Test with Improved Sensitivity Evaluation of the performance of four rapid tests for detection of hepatitis B surface antigen in Antananarivo, Madagascar Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Seroprevalence among Prevaccine and Vaccine Era Children in Bangladesh Evaluation of Four Rapid Tests for Detection of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen in Ivory Coast Prevalence of infection with hepatitis B and C virus and coinfection with HIV in medical inpatients in Malawi Detection of Highly Prevalent Hepatitis B Virus Coinfection among HIV-Seropositive Persons in Ghana Reliability of rapid testing for hepatitis B in a region of high HIV endemicity Viral Hepatitis and Rapid Diagnostic Test Based Screening for HBsAg in HIV-infected Patients in Rural Tanzania Prevalence and associations with hepatitis B and hepatitis C infection among HIV-infected adults in South Africa Field performance of the Determine HBsAg point-of-care test for diagnosis of hepatitis B virus co-infection among HIV patients in Zambia Occult hepatitis B and HIV infection HIV-hepatitis B virus coinfection Prevalence of chronic hepatitis B virus infection before and after implementation of a hepatitis B vaccination program among children in Nepal Point of care and oral fluid hepatitis B testing in remote Indigenous communities of northern Australia Evaluation of the analytical performance of six rapid diagnostic tests for the detection of viral hepatitis B and C in Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo Performance of point of care assays for hepatitis B and C viruses in chronic kidney disease patients Evaluating HBsAg rapid test performance for different biological samples from low and high infection rate settings & populations Hepatitis B virus sero-prevalence amongst pregnant women in the Gambia Seroprevalence of HBV among people living with HIV in Anyigba Assessment of hepatitis B immunization programme among school students in Qatar Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus infection and associated factors among healthcare workers in northern Tanzania Seroprevalence of hepatitis B and C virus infections among diabetic patients in Kisangani (North-eastern Democratic Republic of Congo) Eligibility for hepatitis B antiviral therapy among adults in the general population in Zambia Maternal Hepatitis B Infection Burden, Comorbidity and Pregnancy Outcome in a Low-Income Population on the Myanmar-Thailand Border: A Retrospective Cohort Study The prevalence of hepatitis B virus among HIV-positive patients at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre Referral Hospital Sero-prevalence of HBV and associated risk factors among HIV positive individuals attending ART clinic at Mekelle hospital Hepatitis B Infection, Viral Load and Resistance in HIV-Infected Patients in Mozambique and Zambia palliduminfections among blood donors and Transfusion-related complications among recipients at the Laquintinie hospital in Douala Prevalence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C infection from a population-based study in Southern India Prevalence estimates of HIV, syphilis, hepatitis B and C among female sex workers (FSW) in Brazil Simultaneous Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Hepatitis B-Hepatitis C Point-of-Care Tests Improve Outcomes in Linkage-to-Care: Results of a Randomized Control Trial in Persons Without Healthcare Coverage. Potential Application in Young Children and Infants Evaluation of the Performance of Two Rapid Immunochromatographic Tests for Detection of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen and Anti HCV Antibodies Using Elisa Tested Samples Sensitivity and specificity of commercially available rapid diagnostic tests for viral hepatitis B and C screening in serum samples Evaluation of performance testing of different rapid diagnostic kits in comparison with EIAs to validate detection of hepatitis B virus among high risk group in Nigeria Multi-Disease Diagnostics Landscape for Integrated Management of HIV, HCV, TB and Other Coinfections Analytical performances of simultaneous detection of HIV-1, HIV-2 and hepatitis Cspecific antibodies and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) by multiplex immunochromatographic rapid test with serum samples: A cross-sectional study Performance evaluation of 70 hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (HBsAg) assays from around the world by a geographically diverse panel with an array of HBV genotypes and HBsAg subtypes Comparative Performance of Three Rapid HBsAg Assays for Detection of HBs Diagnostic Escape Mutants in Clinical Samples: TABLE 1 Point-of-care screening for hepatitis B virus infection in pregnant women at an antenatal clinic: A South African experience A guide to aid the selection of diagnostic tests Evaluation of Rapid Diagnostic Tests for Assessment of Hepatitis B in Resource-Limited Settings Poor sensitivity of rapid tests for the detection of antibodies to the hepatitis B virus: Implications for field studies Performance of rapid diagnostic tests for the detection of anti-HBs in various patient populations Performance of the Xpert HBV Viral Load assay versus the Aptima Quant assay for quantifying hepatitis B virus DNA Evaluation of the Xpert HBV Viral Load for hepatitis B virus molecular testing Rapid, random-access, quantification of hepatitis B virus using the Cepheid Xpert®HBV Viral Load assay Prevention of materno-foetal transmission of hepatitis B in sub-Saharan Africa: keywords: blood; care; cost; hbsag; hbv; hepatitis; hiv; infection; people; pocs; resource; screening; settings; testing; tests; treatment; virus cache: cord-318570-wj7r6953.txt plain text: cord-318570-wj7r6953.txt item: #87 of 112 id: cord-319436-mlitd45q author: Brinati, D. title: Detection of COVID-19 Infection from Routine Blood Exams with Machine Learning: a Feasibility Study date: 2020-04-25 words: 4607 flesch: 44 summary: This study demonstrated the feasibility and clinical soundness of using blood tests analysis and machine learning as an alternative to rRT-PCR for identifying COVID-19 positive patients. Moreover, we want to investigate the interpretability of our models further, by both having more clinicians validate the current Decision Tree, and possibly construct a more accurate one, so that clinicians can use it as a convenient decision aid to interpret blood tests in regard to COVID-19 suspect cases (even off-line). keywords: accuracy; blood; cases; covid-19; medrxiv; models; patients; preprint; sensitivity; test cache: cord-319436-mlitd45q.txt plain text: cord-319436-mlitd45q.txt item: #88 of 112 id: cord-320864-k9zksbyt author: Remes-Troche, J. M. title: Recommendations for the reopening and activity resumption of the neurogastroenterology units in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. Position of the Sociedad Latinoamericana de Neurogastroenterología date: 2020-11-01 words: 4674 flesch: 40 summary: but due to the fact that the epidemiologic behavior, protective equipment avail-ability, serologic diagnostic test performance capacity for corroborating immunity, and socioeconomic context are different throughout Latin America, a group of experts that are members of the Sociedad Latinoamericana de Neurogastroenterología (SLNG) had a virtual meeting to formulate a consensus document with recommendations for the performance of gastrointestinal motility tests. According to the International Anorectal Physiology Working Group (IAPWG) and the London classification, the conventional indications for performing anorectal function tests (primarily anorectal manometry [ARM]) 17 are: 1) constipation and/or defecation disorder symptom evaluation, 2) fecal incontinence (FI) evaluation, 3) painful anorectal disorder evaluation, 4) preoperative and postoperative evaluation of ileorectal anastomoses, rectopexy, fistulotomies, etc., and 5) evaluation of obstetric trauma. keywords: case; country; covid-19; infection; motility; pandemic; patients; performance; recommendations; risk; tests; use cache: cord-320864-k9zksbyt.txt plain text: cord-320864-k9zksbyt.txt item: #89 of 112 id: cord-320970-ru2iw0py author: Peeling, Rosanna W title: Serology testing in the COVID-19 pandemic response date: 2020-07-17 words: 3672 flesch: 43 summary: Yet the scarcity of knowledge on the dynamics of the immune response to infection has led to hesitation on recommending the use of rapid immunodiagnostic tests, even though rapid serology tests are commercially available and scalable. This research should inform control programmes of the required performance and utility of rapid serology tests, which, when applied specifically for appropriate public health measures to then be put in place, can make a huge difference. keywords: antibody; covid-19; patients; serology; testing; tests; use cache: cord-320970-ru2iw0py.txt plain text: cord-320970-ru2iw0py.txt item: #90 of 112 id: cord-323476-rb9n5wc0 author: Poole, Stephen title: How are rapid diagnostic tests for infectious diseases used in clinical practice: a global survey by the International Society of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (ISAC) date: 2020-09-09 words: 1909 flesch: 43 summary: key: cord-323476-rb9n5wc0 authors: Poole, Stephen; Townsend, Jennifer; Wertheim, Heiman; Kidd, Stephen P.; Welte, Tobias; Schuetz, Philipp; Luyt, Charles-Edouard; Beishuizen, Albertus; Jensen, Jens-Ulrik Stæhr; del Castillo, Juan González; Plebani, Mario; Saeed, Kordo title: How are rapid diagnostic tests for infectious diseases used in clinical practice: a global survey by the International Society of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (ISAC) date: 2020-09-09 journal: Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis DOI: 10.1007/s10096-020-04031-2 sha: doc_id: 323476 cord_uid: rb9n5wc0 Novel rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) offer huge potential to optimise clinical care and improve patient outcomes. Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are increasingly used in clinical practice to provide actionable information for patient care in a timely manner, ideally at the time and location of the patient's interaction with health care systems. keywords: care; countries; rdts; survey; tests cache: cord-323476-rb9n5wc0.txt plain text: cord-323476-rb9n5wc0.txt item: #91 of 112 id: cord-324373-mgdtb98z author: Antonelli, Andrea title: Comparison between the Airgo™ Device and a Metabolic Cart during Rest and Exercise † date: 2020-07-15 words: 7614 flesch: 39 summary: For the test at rest, normalized amplitude, normalized ventilation and respiratory rate parameters were independent on position (p > 0.05). The results obtained in the case of a healthy female subject (38 years old, 166 cm, 52 kg; same subject shown in Figures 6, 7 and 9 ) are reported in Figure 12 in the case of exercise and recovery tests for normalized ventilation and respiratory rate parameters. keywords: airgo; band; breath; error; exercise; intensity; rate; test; ventilation cache: cord-324373-mgdtb98z.txt plain text: cord-324373-mgdtb98z.txt item: #92 of 112 id: cord-324944-ixh3ykrc author: Mitsakakis, Konstantinos title: Diagnostic tools for tackling febrile illness and enhancing patient management date: 2018-12-05 words: 20813 flesch: 41 summary: This review gives an overview of diagnostic technologies featuring a platform based approach: (i) assay (nucleic acid amplification technologies are examined); (ii) cartridge (microfluidic technologies are presented); (iii) instrument (various detection technologies are discussed); and at the end proposes a way that such technologies can be interfaced with electronic clinical decision-making algorithms towards a broad and complete diagnostic ecosystem. Nucleic acid amplification technologies (NAATs) are based on sequence-specific recognition and amplification of unique target regions in the genome of pathogens to be detected. keywords: acid; amplification; assay; blood; care; cartridge; detection; diagnosis; diseases; dna; e.g.; febrile; fever; fig; health; infections; malaria; management; nucleic; patients; pcr; platform; point; process; reaction; reagents; sample; specific; system; target; technologies; technology; test; time; tools; use; virus cache: cord-324944-ixh3ykrc.txt plain text: cord-324944-ixh3ykrc.txt item: #93 of 112 id: cord-325455-e464idc0 author: Atchison, Christina title: Usability and acceptability of home-based self-testing for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies for population surveillance date: 2020-08-12 words: 3280 flesch: 50 summary: Baseline characteristics of study participants are shown in Table 1 . Study participants may not be representative of the general adult population of England. keywords: lfia2; participants; self; study; test; usability cache: cord-325455-e464idc0.txt plain text: cord-325455-e464idc0.txt item: #94 of 112 id: cord-325956-1kxxg0s9 author: Potluri, Rahul title: Making sense of the Global Coronavirus Data: The role of testing rates in understanding the pandemic and our exit strategy date: 2020-04-11 words: 3969 flesch: 57 summary: From this source, we obtained many parameters including the number of country wise COVID-19 cases, deaths, tests performed, cases per million population, deaths per million population and tests per million population. Given the pandemic course of COVID-19, it has become common practice to compare its spread in different countries using case fatality rates 3, 4, 7, 13 . keywords: countries; license; medrxiv; number; preprint; test cache: cord-325956-1kxxg0s9.txt plain text: cord-325956-1kxxg0s9.txt item: #95 of 112 id: cord-326148-9wpxm5of author: Van Walle, I. title: Meta-analysis of the clinical performance of commercial SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid, antigen and antibody tests up to 22 August 2020 date: 2020-09-18 words: 3791 flesch: 40 summary: Antibody test sensitivity results below the threshold days after onset were excluded. After exclusion of antibody test sensitivity results ≤14 dpo and ineligible specificity results, a total of 38202 and 56537 index test results remained for calculation of sensitivity and specificity, respectively. keywords: acid; performance; preprint; results; sensitivity; specificity; tests cache: cord-326148-9wpxm5of.txt plain text: cord-326148-9wpxm5of.txt item: #96 of 112 id: cord-328294-gii1b7s7 author: Doty, Richard L. title: Olfaction and Its Alteration by Nasal Obstruction, Rhinitis, and Rhinosinusitis date: 2009-01-02 words: 10877 flesch: 33 summary: Within the field of otorhinolaryngology, they have revealed that 1) surgical and medical interventions in patients with rhinosinusitis do not, on average, lead to complete recovery of olfactory function, despite common beliefs to the contrary, and 2) associations are generally lacking between measures of airway patency and olfactory function in such cases. [17] [18] ; third, significant loss of olfactory function occurs after the age of 65 years, with more than half of persons between 65 and 80 years of age and more than three-quarters of those 80 years of age and older having such loss 16, 18, 19 ; fourth, women, on average, retain the ability to smell longer than men 16 ; fifth, the decreased smell ability associated with smoking is present in prior cigarette smokers, and recovery to presmoking levels, while possible, can take years, depending on the amount and duration of prior smoking 20 ; and sixth, olfactory function is compromised in urban residents and in workers in some industries, including the paper and chemical manufacturing industries. keywords: detection; disease; function; identification; loss; nasal; odor; olfactory; patients; rhinitis; scores; smell; studies; study; surgery; test; threshold; upsit cache: cord-328294-gii1b7s7.txt plain text: cord-328294-gii1b7s7.txt item: #97 of 112 id: cord-328320-1f3r80r5 author: Kim, Edward title: Drawing on Israel’s Experience Organizing Volunteers to Operationalize Drive-Through Coronavirus Testing Centers date: 2020-04-16 words: 1432 flesch: 44 summary: The testing centers are staffed with medical teams, police officers, security personnel, and volunteer students, and can process 6 lanes of cars in parallel, taking on average 3-5 min per car. The following week, mobile testing centers were set up in Tamra, Modi'in-Maccabim-Re'ut, Wadi Ara, and Rahat, the largest Bedouin community in Israel. keywords: centers; drive; facilities; testing; volunteers cache: cord-328320-1f3r80r5.txt plain text: cord-328320-1f3r80r5.txt item: #98 of 112 id: cord-330721-hmnrnem6 author: Chambliss, Allison B title: Contingency planning in the clinical laboratory: lessons learned amidst COVID-19 date: 2020-04-21 words: 1249 flesch: 47 summary: Thus, laboratories should prepare to operate with limited staff and may need to prioritize laboratory tests according to clinical necessity. Preemptive scaling back of laboratory staff and enabling them to work from home will allow for creation of a reserve labor pool that can be engaged as staff are required to quarantine with exposure. keywords: laboratory; staff; testing; tests cache: cord-330721-hmnrnem6.txt plain text: cord-330721-hmnrnem6.txt item: #99 of 112 id: cord-331617-1ytcd0ax author: Horvath, Karl title: Antikörpertests bei COVID-19 - Was uns die Ergebnisse sagen date: 2020-05-15 words: 2635 flesch: 47 summary: Die Bildung von AK benötigt Zeit, deshalb sind sie in der Frühphase der Infektion noch nicht nachweisbar. Anwendungen von AK Tests sind daher nur im Rahmen von organisierten, strukturierten Testprogrammen zu spezifischen keywords: bei; cov-2; der; die; einer; für; infektion; ist; kann; mit; personen; probability; sars; test; und; von; werden cache: cord-331617-1ytcd0ax.txt plain text: cord-331617-1ytcd0ax.txt item: #100 of 112 id: cord-332481-y0rd70ry author: Ljubic, T. title: The effect of serological screening for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies to participants' attitudes and risk behaviour: a study on a tested population sample of industry workers in Split-Dalmatia County, Croatia date: 2020-06-17 words: 3849 flesch: 41 summary: Therefore, our study aimed to investigate the changes in personal attitudes and behaviour before and after negative serological test results for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Thus, this study aims at investigating the changes in personal attitudes and behaviour of DIV Group industry workers before and after receiving negative serological test results for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. keywords: behaviour; covid-19; measures; participants; results; testing cache: cord-332481-y0rd70ry.txt plain text: cord-332481-y0rd70ry.txt item: #101 of 112 id: cord-334274-4jee19hx author: Waelde, K. title: How to remove the testing bias in CoV-2 statistics date: 2020-10-16 words: 7041 flesch: 57 summary: Official confirmed infection numbers are likely to be biased and cannot be compared over time. If a society always employed only one rule when tests are taken, e.g. test for SARS-CoV-2 in the presence of a certain set of symptoms, then infection numbers would be comparable over time. keywords: cov-2; individuals; infections; number; symptoms; t t; testing; tests cache: cord-334274-4jee19hx.txt plain text: cord-334274-4jee19hx.txt item: #102 of 112 id: cord-337458-dc90ecfe author: Markwalter, Christine F. title: Inorganic Complexes and Metal-Based Nanomaterials for Infectious Disease Diagnostics date: 2018-12-04 words: 40616 flesch: 31 summary: In addition to supplying functional groups for further bioconjugation, the silica encapsulation of other nanoparticles provides biocompatibility and protects the core material from degradation, making it a suitable strategy for the preparation of diagnostic nanoparticle detection probes. Given the prevalence of carboxylates and primary amines on nanoparticle surfaces and molecular recognition elements, one of the most common bioconjugation strategies for generating functionalized nanoparticle detection probes is the formation of amide bonds. keywords: acid; affinity; amplification; analysis; antibodies; antibody; antigen; applications; assay; biomarker; blood; care; colorimetric; complexes; concentration; detection; development; device; diagnostic; disease; dna; elements; field; figure; flow; flow assay; fluorescent; format; gold; hemozoin; hiv; hrp2; immunoassay; influenza; instrumentation; labels; light; malaria; metal; method; mobile; nanoparticles; nucleic; paper; point; preparation; probes; protein; quantum; recognition; resource; sample; section; sensitivity; settings; signal; silver; specific; strategies; surface; target; test; time; use cache: cord-337458-dc90ecfe.txt plain text: cord-337458-dc90ecfe.txt item: #103 of 112 id: cord-337462-9mvk86q6 author: None title: Humanity tested date: 2020-04-08 words: 1263 flesch: 41 summary: Medical-device companies and government and research laboratories around the world have rushed to adapt and scale up nucleic acid tests (mostly employing PCR, but also CRISPR-based detection and loop-mediated isothermal amplification) to detect the virus' RNA, and government agencies are scrambling to assess them via emergency routes (such as the Emergency Use Authorization program 3 by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA)). The world should roll out both antibody and nucleic acid tests on a wide scale. keywords: covid-19; test; testing; world cache: cord-337462-9mvk86q6.txt plain text: cord-337462-9mvk86q6.txt item: #104 of 112 id: cord-339122-7vvqtk84 author: Deb, Chaarushena title: Covid-19, Single-Sourced Diagnostic Tests, and Innovation Policy date: 2020-07-07 words: 3118 flesch: 45 summary: We first summarize (A) a recent history of diagnostic test patentability, since patents have both created incentives but hampered access and clinical practice; (B) describe current efforts to increase diagnostic test patents; and then (C) propose improved reimbursement mechanisms as a solution to the balancing act of managing appropriate economic incentives and allowing for optimal clinical practice during non-emergent conditions. We thus argue against relying too heavily on exclusivity-creating patents as innovation incentive for diagnostic tests—including the proposed Coons-Tillis patent reform bill which would increase patentability for many such tests. keywords: development; diagnostic; pandemic; patent; sourcing; testing; tests cache: cord-339122-7vvqtk84.txt plain text: cord-339122-7vvqtk84.txt item: #105 of 112 id: cord-342181-x14iywtr author: Taipale, J. title: Population-scale testing can suppress the spread of COVID-19 date: 2020-05-01 words: 7525 flesch: 45 summary: The testing becomes less efficient than testing each of the n individuals at the same time, because some individuals are tested twice, and some not at all; some information is thus not obtained, and some tests do not return information that is completely independent of information returned by other tests (sum of mutual information between all pairs of tests is not 0 bits). However, due to the very detailed and specific regulation, specialized staff and equipment, and centralized testing facilities, such tests have proven difficult to rapidly scale above thousands of assays in each location. keywords: epidemic; individuals; license; model; population; preprint; rate; scale; testing; tests cache: cord-342181-x14iywtr.txt plain text: cord-342181-x14iywtr.txt item: #106 of 112 id: cord-343340-zi0rfidc author: Aragón‐Caqueo, Diego title: Optimization of group size in pool testing strategy for SARS‐CoV‐2: A simple mathematical model date: 2020-05-03 words: 3324 flesch: 44 summary: key: cord-343340-zi0rfidc authors: Aragón‐Caqueo, Diego; Fernández‐Salinas, Javier; Laroze, David title: Optimization of group size in pool testing strategy for SARS‐CoV‐2: A simple mathematical model date: 2020-05-03 journal: J Med Virol DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25929 sha: doc_id: 343340 cord_uid: zi0rfidc Coronavirus disease (Covid‐19) has reached unprecedented pandemic levels and is affecting almost every country in the world. From prevalence ranging from 0.08 to 0.2, the net saving of test kits using pool testing strategy is still significant, saving around 46.6% to 17.9% of the tests if an individual testing strategy were to be performed in the same number of subjects, thus, covering a greater portion of the population. keywords: group; pool; prevalence; strategy; testing; tests cache: cord-343340-zi0rfidc.txt plain text: cord-343340-zi0rfidc.txt item: #107 of 112 id: cord-345454-r1ymzk6n author: Levesque, J. title: A note on COVID-19 seroprevalence studies: a meta-analysis using hierarchical modelling date: 2020-05-06 words: 3633 flesch: 57 summary: We construct our datasets from scientific preprints, manufacturers' specifications, and transcripts from interviews with study authors published in the news media. COVID-19 antibody test manufactured in China by Hangzhou Biotest Biotech Co., Ltd., and distributed in the United States by Premier Biotech, Inc. keywords: antibody; county; covid-19; prevalence; results; studies; study; test cache: cord-345454-r1ymzk6n.txt plain text: cord-345454-r1ymzk6n.txt item: #108 of 112 id: cord-349161-4899cq99 author: Whiting, Penny F title: Graphical presentation of diagnostic information date: 2008-04-11 words: 5811 flesch: 29 summary: The STARD (standards for reporting of diagnostic accuracy) statement, an initiative to improve the reporting of diagnostic test accuracy studies similar to the CONSORT statement for clinical trials, recommends the inclusion of a flow diagram in all reports of primary diagnostic accuracy studies [9] . However, their application to systematic reviews of diagnostic test accuracy studies is Example graphs for systematic review data Figure 2 Example graphs for systematic review data. keywords: accuracy; accuracy studies; diagnosis; displays; plots; results; reviews; roc; sensitivity; specificity; studies; study; test cache: cord-349161-4899cq99.txt plain text: cord-349161-4899cq99.txt item: #109 of 112 id: cord-350473-f47i7y5h author: Sen-Crowe, Brendon title: COVID-19 laboratory testing issues and capacities as we transition to surveillance testing and contact tracing date: 2020-05-27 words: 1103 flesch: 47 summary: Johns Hopkins -Center for Health Security The value of urine biochemical parameters in the prediction of the severity of coronavirus disease 2020;/j/cclm.ahead-of-print HHS funds development of COVID-19 diagnostic tests. The sensitivity of PCR tests have been estimated at 71%, resulting in ~30% of infected patients having a negative finding. keywords: covid-19; sensitivity; testing; tests cache: cord-350473-f47i7y5h.txt plain text: cord-350473-f47i7y5h.txt item: #110 of 112 id: cord-352111-frk319q1 author: Woodruff, Amelita title: COVID-19 Follow up Testing date: 2020-05-11 words: 634 flesch: 54 summary: • 70% of patients met CDC guidelines for release from quarantine & still tested (+); • The average time from onset of symptoms to negative testing was 19 days.  1 We provide care for COVID-19 patients in the outpatient setting through a virtual clinic. keywords: patients; test cache: cord-352111-frk319q1.txt plain text: cord-352111-frk319q1.txt item: #111 of 112 id: cord-354005-q5nj0ku1 author: Richaud, M. title: Specific testing of textiles for transportation date: 2017-09-29 words: 11240 flesch: 40 summary: More information about test methods may be obtained from dedicated committees in various organizations, including the following: Antibacterial finishes on textile materials: Assessment of American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists Flammability lab A350 XWB-Cost-effectivness Exposure to flame retardant chemicals on commercial airplanes Smart (Nano) coatings. Update on flame retardant textiles: State of the art, environmental issues and innovative solutions Passenger ropeways-Aerial tramways, aerial lifts, surface lifts, tows and conveyors-Safety requirements Flame retardancy of polymer nanocomposite Development and characterization of a hydrophobic treatment for jute fibres based on zinc oxide nanoparticles and a fatty acid Safety standard for cableways, cranes, derricks, hoists, hooks, jacks, and slings-Slings Standard test method for density of semi-solid bituminous materials (pycnometer method) Standard test methods for tire cords, tire cord fabrics, and industrial filament yarns made from manufactured organic-base fibers Standard test method for stiffness of fabrics Standard test methods for bonded, fused, and laminated apparel fabrics Standard test methods for flexible cellular materials-Slab, bonded, and molded urethane foams Standard test method for density of high-modulus fibers Standard test methods for properties of continuous filament carbon and graphite fiber tows Standard guide for testing polymer matrix composite materials Test method for horizontal burning rate of polymeric materials used in occupant compartments of motor vehicles Standard practices for visual inspection and grading of fabrics used for inflatable restraints Standard practice for accelerated aging of inflatable restraint fabrics Standard practice for evaluating the performance of inflatable restraint modules Standard practice for determining physical properties of fabrics, yarns, and sewing thread used in inflatable restraints Standard test method for specific gravity of soil solids by gas pycnometer Standard guide for testing fabric-reinforced Textile composite materials Standard guide for fire hazard assessment of rail transportation vehicles Standard test method for fire testing of school bus seat assemblies Aston Martin-One-77 Natural dyes in modern textile dyehouses-How to combine experiences of two centuries to meet the demands of the future Moving fabric Fiber orientation measurements in composite materials Experimental characterization of the pore size distribution in fibrous reinforcements of composite materials Fundamentals of fibre reinforced composite materials 2016 top markets report-Technical textiles-A market assessment tool for Fatigue of textile composites Green composites: Sustainability and mechanical performance Inter-ply stitching optimisation of highly drapeable multi-ply preforms Silver as antibacterial agent: Ion, nanoparticle, and metal Technical textiles and nonwovens: keywords: addition; applications; automotive; car; carbon; composites; fabrics; fiber; fire; flame; flammability; industry; instance; manufacturers; market; materials; methods; passenger; performance; requirements; resistance; safety; seat; standard; test; testing; textiles; transportation; use; vehicles cache: cord-354005-q5nj0ku1.txt plain text: cord-354005-q5nj0ku1.txt item: #112 of 112 id: cord-354006-j1y42oxu author: Ozdemir, Vural title: Shifting emphasis from pharmacogenomics to theragnostics date: 2006 words: 4202 flesch: 26 summary: In the present analyses, we 'unpack' and contrast the motivations at play that are driving the pursuit for theragnostic patents and its bioethical corollaries in: (1) fundamental upstream basic research oriented to the discovery of genes for human diseases; and (2) downstream clinical applications at point-of-care as theragnostic tests to stratify patient populations for individualization of pharmacotherapy. Therefore, the pursuit of theragnostic patents can also be shaped by the type of industry setting (e.g., diagnostic sector versus large pharma) as well as the type of pharmaceutical (e.g., me-too drugs) associated with theragnostic tests. keywords: biomarker; development; disease; drug; gene; myriad; patents; research; tests cache: cord-354006-j1y42oxu.txt plain text: cord-354006-j1y42oxu.txt